Polish–Lithuanian War

68: 77: 2230:. Żeligowski's forces were about three times larger: 15 Polish battalions against 5 Lithuanian battalions. One cavalry brigade managed to break through the Lithuanian defence lines near Dubingiai, reached Kavarskas, and continued towards Kėdainiai. However, Lithuanians successfully stopped an attack on Ukmergė near Širvintos on November 19. About 200 Lithuanians manoeuvred through swamps to the rear of three Polish battalions. Attacked from the front and rear, some 200 Poles were taken prisoner while others retreated. The Lithuanians continued to attack and captured Giedraičiai on November 21. On the same day, a ceasefire was signed under pressure from the League of Nations. The Polish cavalry brigade, pushed from Kėdainiai and cut off from its main forces, retreated through 1468:. Polish press saw mass arrests of Polish activists "to whom no charge can be ascribed other than being Poles" as proof of systematic anti-Polish policies of the German-ridden Lithuanian government. Another wave of arrests took place on September 9 in Kaišiadorys, an important railroad junction, where about 100 people were arrested. The PMO was little affected by the arrests and scheduled another coup attempt for the end of September. However, the Lithuanians obtained a full list of PMO members, including 369 names of members and 122 names of Lithuanians sympathetic to the PMO, and liquidated the organization in Lithuania. The wave of arrests, included names outside the list, Lithuanian police used this as a pretext to arrest Polish activists, there were even murders. 97: 1333:. It was approved by the Entente on July 26. The Lithuanians were informed about the new line only on August 3. Two major modifications favorable to the Poles were made: the Suwałki Region was assigned to Poland and the entire line was moved about 7 km (4.3 mi) west. Again, both Poles and Lithuanians protested the line as it would require them to withdraw their armies from the Vilnius and Suwałki Regions respectively. The German administration, which had not yet retreated from the Suwałki Region, also opposed the Foch Line. The new line did not immediately halt the hostilities. After a couple of Polish attacks on July 29 and August 2, the front stabilized. 1217:

themselves considered Lithuania part of Russia, so no agreement was reached. Contacts with the Germans were much more fruitful. Germany realized that France was interested in a strong Polish ally east of Germany. So, for their part, they supported the building of Lithuania, which would be unfriendly to Poland. Threatened from both sides, the Lithuanian government turned to Germany for military and financial assistance. German troops remained in Kaunas in early 1919, and the government was supported by German loans. The military presence in Lithuania also gave Germany cover for East Prussia and the ability to control the situation in Russia.

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stalling to buy time for necessary preparations for an attack on Vilnius. While Vilnius was not a topic of debate, it was on everybody's mind. On October 4, the Control Commission, sent by the League according to its resolution of September 20, arrived to Suwałki. The commission, led by French colonel Pierre Chardigny, re-energized the negotiations. On October 7, at midnight, the final agreement was signed. The treaty made not a single reference to Vilnius or the Vilnius Region. The ceasefire was effective only along the demarcation line, which ran through the Suwałki Region to the train station in

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hostilities with Poland. This clause was of a practical matter: Soviet troops already occupied much of the assigned territory and could not withdraw while hostilities with Poland continued. Lithuanians were also simply unable to resist Soviet troops. For example, when Lithuanians refused permission to use a road, the Soviets ignored Lithuanian protests and transported their troops and equipment regardless. At the same time Polish soldiers were disarmed and interned. The largest group, a brigade under colonel Pasławski, was interned on July 18, 1920, near

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This delay meant that the Bolsheviks were the first to enter Vilnius on July 14. By the time the first Lithuanian troops entered the city on July 15, it was already secured by the Soviets. Poland sought to have Russians in the city as it would create much fewer complications when the Polish Army counterattacked. Despite the Peace Treaty, the Soviets did not intend to transfer the city to the Lithuanians. Indeed, there were indications that the Soviets planned a coup against the Lithuanian government in hopes to re-establish the

256: 2038: 88: 1794:. On August 10, Lithuanians held 103 Polish officers and 3,520 private soldiers. Poland also claimed that the Lithuanian troops actively participated in the Red Army's military operations. This charge, based on memoirs of Soviet officials, lacks evidence. Further military clashes between Polish and Lithuanian troops in the Suwałki Region were interpreted by Poland to show that "the Lithuanian government has become an instrument of the Soviet government." Lithuania responded that it was defending its borders. 9662: 1626: 1569:. Latvia enjoyed the support of Poland. The fighting spread to Lithuania in October 1919. Poland offered to help, but the Lithuanians refused to allow passage through their territory. Fearing a Polish attack, Lithuania reached an agreement with the Bermontians and signed a truce on October 30, establishing the Tauragė-Šiauliai demacration line. After the Latvian army breached the front, the Lithuanian army joined the counteroffensive. Later clashes were stopped by the intervention of an 868: 10298: 1904:

respect Lithuanian neutrality if Soviet Russia agreed to do the same. Also, a special Control Commission was to be dispatched to the conflict zone to oversee the implementation of the resolution. It was clear that the League had only a narrow goal to prevent armed hostilities and not to resolve the underlying territorial dispute. The Lithuanian government accepted the resolution, but Poland reserved full freedom of action in preparation for the attack on the Soviets.

10307: 2081:, in planning since mid-September, began in the early morning of October 8, 1920, just a few hours after the signing of the Suwałki Agreement. A provisional agreement was made in the Polish–Soviet War, which freed up Polish units for the attack on Lithuania. As part of the ruse, Żeligowski wrote a note to the Polish command announcing his mutiny and expressing his disappointment with the Suwałki Agreement. He claimed that his troops marched to defend the right of 2075:, and direct aggression against Lithuania could have hampered Polish bargaining positions. While the Polish side officially held Żeligowski to be a deserter and did not support him, Poland provided logistic support, including munitions and food rations, to his units. Żeligowski also received reinforcements, when, according to the official version, the mutiny spread further among the Polish troops. His initial attack was secured on both sides by two Polish Armies. 398: 386: 374: 356: 344: 277: 10319: 2130:, who had recently taken the position on October 6, ordered the city evacuated in the afternoon on October 8. They left the city's administration to Entente official Constantin Reboul. The first Polish units entered the city around 2:15 PM on October 9, Żeligowski entered Vilnius in the evening the same day. He did not recognize Reboul's authority and Entente officials left the city in protest. On October 12, Żeligowski proclaimed the independence of the 366: 1808: 2403:

cross the border, and mail service was complicated. For example, a letter from Poland to Lithuania needed to be sent to a neutral country and repackaged in a new envelope to remove any Polish signs and only then could be delivered to Lithuania. Despite several attempts to normalize the relations, the situation of "no war, no peace", lasted until Poland demanded to re-establish diplomatic relations by issuing the

57: 1142:) was of interim nature and stated only that: "With regard to the frontier, a principle of a common frontier is accepted, which will be determined by a joint agreement based on ethnic, historic and economic principles". After the Germans had withdrawn, the Lithuanian side pressed for Poland's recognition of an independent Lithuania with its capital in Vilnius, which the Polish leadership consistently rejected. 2293: 1843:, Polish forces took Augustów from Lithuanians in a surprise attack on August 28. Confused and disoriented, Lithuanians retreated from Suwałki and Sejny on August 30 and 31. The Lithuanians reorganized, gathered their forces (11 battalions with 7,000 soldiers), and organized a counterattack to retake lost territory on September 2. The goal was to take and secure the Augustów– 2284:. Poles rejected any withdrawal of Żeligowski's forces. No agreement could be reached regarding a demarcation line. On November 29, 1920, it was agreed only to cease hostilities on November 30, to entrust the Control Commission with the establishment of a 6 km (3.7 mi) wide neutral zone and to exchange prisoners. The neutral zone existed until February 1923. 1547:. The talks concerned bilateral relations, the possibility of a plebiscite, and ended without any concrete agreements. Wasilewski then began propaganda work involving Lithuanian activists Józef Albin Herbaczewski, priest Antanas Viskantas or Jurgis Aukštuolaitis, who had been released from prison, and published bilingual or Lithuanian-language press for this purpose. 1865: 2341:, wanted the plebiscite. The parties could not agree on which territory to carry out the vote and how Żeligowski's forces should be replaced by League's forces. The League of Nations then moved on from trying to solve the narrow territorial dispute in the Vilnius Region to shaping the fundamental relationship between Poland and Lithuania. In 1921, Belgian 1359:. They showed their intention to stay there permanently, which caused concern among the local Poles. On August 12, they organized a rally in Suwałki demanding incorporation into Poland. Lithuanians also held a rally in Kaunas on August 17 protesting the Foch line, and a similar rally was later held in Sejny, where Prime Minister 767:, was halted by the Lithuanians, who thus defended their independence. On November 29, 1920, a ceasefire was signed. Overall, from early 1919 to late 1920, Vilnius would switch rule as many as seven times between Lithuanians, Poles and the Bolsheviks. The Republic of Central Lithuania was incorporated into Poland as the 1700:, was recognized to Lithuania. On August 6, after long and heated negotiations, Lithuania and Soviet Russia signed a convention regarding the withdrawal of Russian troops from the recognized Lithuanian territory. However, the troops began to retreat only after the Red Army suffered a heavy defeat in Poland. 1309:, was based on the military situation on the ground rather than ethnic composition. Neither Poles nor Lithuanians were content with the line. The Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs rejected the line as it would require the Polish forces to retreat up to 35 km (22 mi). The line also left the entire 1459:

It managed to win the support of some Lithuanian politicians, most notably the aforementioned Gabrys, Defense Ministry employee Jurgis Aukštuolaitis, and even Lithuanian army commander Silvestras Žukauskas. However, it was not much, greater success was achieved in gaining the support of Kaunas Poles.

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on May 21. The Polish side, strengthened by its possession of Vilnius, insisted on the establishment of a federation, with a common foreign policy, army command, railroad, treasury and post office, promising to establish borders favorable to Lithuania. The Lithuanian side, on the other hand, demanded

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The war situation and the unstable political situation in both countries did not facilitate contacts between the two governments. Lithuanians protested the presence of Polish troops on Lithuanian territory in early January 1919, but the information reached Warsaw when Vilnius was already in Bolshevik

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Negotiations for a more permanent armistice, under the mediation of the Control Commission, began on November 27 in Kaunas. Lithuania did not agree to negotiate directly with Żeligowski and thus legitimizing his actions. Therefore, Poland stepped in as a mediator. Lithuania agreed as it hoped to put

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On November 19, Żeligowski proposed to the Control Commission, led by Chardigny, to cease hostilities. Lithuanians agreed and a ceasefire was signed on November 21. Later this episode was criticized by Lithuanian commentators as at the time the Lithuanian Army had the initiative in the front and had

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had 59% Lithuanian and 11% Polish speaking population. According to the 1916 German census, Poles were the most numerous among all local nationalities and constituted 53% or 53.67% of the city's population, 50% in the entire Vilnius census region and the vast majority in the Vilnius census district.

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established an ecclesiastical province in Wilno and thereby acknowledged Poland's claims to the city. Poland refused to formally recognize the existence of any dispute regarding the region since that would have lent legitimacy to the Lithuanian claims. Railroad traffic and telegraph lines could not

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to the rear of the Soviet forces near Grodno and Lida. The Red Army hastily retreated. The Lithuanians had had limited intelligence warning that such an attack might occur, but chose an inadequate defensive strategy and spread their forces too thinly along the entire Polish–Lithuanian front without

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alleging that Lithuania violated its neutrality and asked to intervene in the Polish–Lithuanian War. The League agreed to mediate and began its session on September 16. The resolution, adopted on September 20, urged both states to cease hostilities and adhere to the Curzon Line. Poland was asked to

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The postponement of the start of the coup turned out to be a fatal mistake, as some PMO units did not receive information about it and began operations on the original date, disrupting telegraph connections between Kaunas and the rest of the country. Lithuanian intelligence discovered the coup, but

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Negotiations regarding the demarcation line were difficult. In essence, the Lithuanians wanted a longer demarcation line to provide better protection for Vilnius. The Poles agreed only to a short line to provide the planned attack on Vilnius with space for operation. The Polish delegation was also

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Poland claimed that Lithuania violated its claim to neutrality in the Polish–Soviet War and in effect became a Soviet ally. A secret clause of the Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty allowed Soviet forces unrestricted movement within the Soviet-recognized Lithuanian territory for the duration of Soviet

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on July 13. On July 13, the Polish command decided to transfer Vilnius to the Lithuanians following the Spa conference's resolution. Lithuanians moved in, but their trains were stopped by Polish soldiers near Kazimieriškės. Polish soldiers didn't receive orders to let Lithuanian troops go through.

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On September 26, the Poles captured Grodno and the Polish foreign minister proposed new negotiations in Suwałki. The Battle of the Niemen River drastically altered the balance of power: Vilnius, in Lithuanian hands since August 26, was now exposed to a Polish attack. Indeed, the Poles had already

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claimed that there was no conflict between Poland and Lithuania to mediate. He maintained that the old conflict ended with signing ceasefires with Lithuania on October 7 and with Soviet Russia on October 12 and the new conflict was caused by Żeligowski, who acted without approval from the Polish

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line. The Lithuanians succeeded in re-taking Sejny and Lipsk and by September 4 reached the outskirts of Augustów. On September 5, the Poles counterattacked and forced the Lithuanians to retreat. On September 9, the Polish forces recaptured Sejny,< but the Lithuanians pushed back and regained

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and Russia. In Paris, Voldemaras made contact with Russian delegates to the Paris Conference, who resented an independent Poland and were also interested in limiting its influence in the east and blocking a Polish-Lithuanian agreement. However, they had no real power in Russia, besides that they

959:(capturing around 1,000 weapons). Nonetheless, the last German soldiers left the city only on January 4. The Lithuanian government failed to organize a defense of Vilnius. Both the Polish and Lithuanian political leadership realized their inability to resist the invading Bolshevik forces. So, on 1321:

under Polish control. As German volunteers were departing from Lithuania and Lithuanian forces were preoccupied with battles against the Soviets in northern Lithuania, Poland ignored the demacration line and moved its forces on a 100 km (62 mi) wide front 20–30 km (12–19 mi)

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Meanwhile, British influence was increasing in the Baltic States, interested primarily in limiting German, but also French influence. A British military mission was established in Kaunas, headed by Richard Barrington Ward. On September 19, 1919, along with 21 other British officers, General

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in mid-August 1920 and started withdrawing. They handed over Vilnius to the Lithuanians on August 26. The Lithuanians hastily made preparations to secure the border, as determined by the Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty. The soldiers were ordered to maintain neutrality: avoid hostilities and

1665:, the Soviet forces would stop 50 km (31 mi) to the east of the line, the Lithuanian forces would take control of Vilnius, and all other disputes would be settled via negotiations in London. Grabski opposed the transfer of Vilnius, but under the pressure of British Prime Minister 1161:

desired Lithuania's annexation to Poland, with granting Lithuanians territorial autonomy within ethnic boundaries. Poland also did not intend to make any territorial concessions and justified its actions not only as part of a military campaign against the Soviets but also as the right of

2003:. Major Lithuanian forces were still concentrated in the Suwałki Region and moving them to protect Vilnius without the railway would be extremely difficult. Fighting east of the Neman River ceased only on October 6, when Polish troops had already captured the train station in Varėna. 1452:, who lacked democratic legitimacy. This conviction was reinforced by the constant presence of the German army in Lithuania. The Germans' departure from Kaunas on July 11, 1919, created the conditions for military action. Polish newspapers ran a propaganda campaign claiming that the 1220:

The Lithuanian delegation was also present at the Paris Peace Conference, where its leader Augustinas Voldemaras focused on receiving recognition of independent Lithuania and its borders. Voldemaras demanded 125,000 square kilometers for Lithuania, not only with Vilnius but also

1080:, Lithuanian troops, supported by German troops, were advancing in a southerly direction. The entire region was under the control of the German army, which allowed in the southern part to organize Polish administrations and to hold elections to the Polish Sejm in the counties of 1260:

under Piłsudski, went to Kaunas on a mission, and was expected to convince Lithuanian politicians of federation. However, he only found understanding among Lithuanians of Polish culture. On April 17, Lithuanian politicians categorically rejected the federation's proposals.

1112:. Both sides recognized each other's statehood. In the treaty, Lithuania guaranteed the rights of the Polish minority, while Poland promised to refrain from anti-Lithuanian propaganda. Voldemaras later maintained that Ronikier renounced Polish claims to Vilnius. However, 1888:, the Poles decided to manoeuvre through the Lithuanian-held territory to the rear of the Soviet Army, stationed in Grodno. In an attempt to conceal the planned attack, Polish diplomats accepted the proposal to negotiate. The negotiations started on September 16 in 1249:

hands. The Poles responded on February 12 by rejecting Lithuanian demands for lands they considered their own, but offered to open direct diplomatic talks. The Lithuanian delegation reached Warsaw on April 18, a day before the entrance of Polish troops to Vilnius.

1828:, arrived in Kaunas to negotiate the situation. The Poles, lacking authority to discuss political issues, were concerned with military aspects. They sought permission to transport Polish troops through the territory of Lithuania, wanted access to a portion of the 1169:

The Lithuanians claimed Vilnius as their historical capital and refused any federation with Poland, desiring an independent Lithuanian state. They regarded Polish federalism as a recreation of Polish cultural and political dominance. The Lithuanian government in

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decided to capture the city and used the negotiations in Suwałki to stall and buy the time necessary to make preparations. The Lithuanian side was ready to give up the Suwałki Region in exchange for Poland's recognition of the Lithuanian claims to Vilnius.

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was expelled, Lithuanian schools and cultural organizations closed. After the uprising, the mistrust of Poles prompted Lithuanian intelligence to intensify its investigations of Polish activities in Lithuania. This helped to detect and prevent a planned

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After World War I, the military and political situation in the region was chaotic, as multiple countries, notably Lithuania, Poland, and Soviet Russia, vied with each other over control of overlaping areas. The Polish–Lithuanian conflict was centered on

1649:. Initially successful, the Polish Army started retreating after Russian counterattacks in early June 1920. Soon the Soviet forces began to threaten Poland's independence as they reached and crossed the Polish borders. On July 9, Polish Prime Minister 1481:

After the failure of the coup in Kaunas, there were numerous small border incidents. On September 17 and 18, Lithuanian troops attacked and occupied Musninkai and Širvintos, and were soon driven from them. On September 19, 1919, Polish troops attacked

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a chance of marching on Vilnius. However, the Lithuanians trusted the League of Nations would resolve the dispute in their favour and were afraid that in case of an attack on Vilnius regular Polish forces would arrive to reinforce Żeligowski's units.

5943:"A Bolshevik victory over the Poles would have certainly meant a move by the Lithuanian communists, backed by the Red Army, to overthrow the Lithuanian nationalist government... Kaunas, in effect, paid for its independence with the loss of Vilna." 1836:. The Lithuanians refused to discuss military matters without a clear political Polish–Lithuanian border, that would be respected after the war. Due to these fundamental disagreements and Polish attacks, the negotiations broke down on August 30. 954:

free passage to Vilnius. The Polish Self-Defence was formally absorbed into the Polish Army at the end of December. On 2 January 1919, Poles took over Vilnius from the retreating German troops and the fighting with the city's Bolshevik Worker's

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and forced the Soviets to retreat. The Polish Army encountered Lithuanian opposition, defending their new borders, which the Polish government considered illegitimate. Thus, the Polish invaded Lithuanian-controlled territory during the

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The dispute over Vilnius remained one of the biggest foreign policy issues in Lithuania and Poland. Lithuania broke off all diplomatic relations with Poland and refused any actions that would recognize Poland's control of Vilnius even

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The coup was initially scheduled for the night of August 27 to 28 but was postponed to September 1. The outbreak of the Sejny uprising, which reinforced resentment against Poles in Lithuania, further hindered the success of the coup.

1370:(PMO) began preparing for an uprising, scheduled for the night of August 22 to 23, 1919, right after German troops left the city. Between 900 and 1,200 partisans joined PMO forces. On August 23, the Poles captured Sejny and attacked 1440:, PMO planned to capture and hold Kaunas for a few hours until the arrival of the regular Polish troops, situated only some 40–50 km (25–31 mi) east from the city. Piłsudski and his entourage were sincerely convinced that 845:

40% Jews, and 2% Lithuanian speaking; however the percentage of Lithuanian speakers in the surrounding countryside was a few times higher than that of Polish speakers – the population was 35% Lithuanian and 12% Polish speaking in

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drew two demarcation lines in hopes to stall further hostilities. The lines did not please either side and were ignored. The first clashes between Polish and Lithuanian soldiers occurred on April 26 and May 8, 1919, near

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issued a note condemning the aggression and asking Polish units to retreat. Politicians in London even considered expelling Poland from the League. When the League heard both arguments on October 26–28, Polish envoy

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sufficient forces to protect the bridges across the Neman. This attack, just two days after the resolution by the League of Nations to cease hostilities, put more pressure on Poland to settle the dispute peacefully.

1676:, which was signed on July 12, 1920. Russia recognized Lithuanian independence and withdrew any territorial claims. The treaty drew the eastern border of Lithuania, which the Lithuanians continued to claim as their 1918:

On September 22, 1920, Poland attacked Lithuanian units in the Suwałki Region on a wide front. Overwhelmed by 4–5 times larger Polish forces, some 1,700–2,000 Lithuanian troops surrendered and were taken prisoner.

1535:. While the government was struggling to obtain financial assistance and loans, deep cuts affected the army. Instead of increasing its armed forces to 40,000 men, Lithuania was forced to cut them to about 25,000. 793:

arbitrated in 1931 that Poland broke international law by occupying Vilnius. Lithuania remained adamant regarding its claim to Vilnius as its constitutional capital throughout the whole interwar, and breaking all

1525:. The situation was investigated by British and French observers and reported to the Entente. The situation somewhat improved only in late spring 1920, when most Polish troops were deployed in Ukraine during the 1708:

The Bolshevik forces reached Lithuanian territory on July 7, 1920, and continued to push the Polish troops. The Lithuanian Army moved to secure territories abandoned by the retreating Polish forces, reaching

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representative, in order to not interrupt withdrawal of German troops. By December 15, all German forces were completely removed from Lithuania. At the same time, the plenipotentiary of the German government

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joined the newly established Lithuanian Army as an advisor to the General Staff. On September 25, 1919, the UK recognized the Lithuanian state de facto. The British also provided military equipment.

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After that Polish troops advanced further west and northwest. The situation was utilized by the Lithuanian army, which entered Ukmergė on May 3, and started an offensive further south and southwest.

67: 2380:, have asserted that if Poland had not prevailed in the Polish–Soviet War, Lithuania would have been invaded by the Soviets and would never have experienced two decades of independence. Despite the 1444:, who ruled Lithuania, had no real popular support and was merely a German creation. They were bolstered in this conviction by intra-Lithuanian quarrels, primarily between Lithuanian émigré leader 2373:

in February 1923 by dividing the neutral zone and setting a demarcation line, which was recognised in March 1923 as the official Polish–Lithuanian border. Lithuania did not recognize this border.

2173:, but fighting continued on the northern (right) side of Neris. On October 18, the Lithuanian army began a failed counteroffensive trying to retake Vilnius. When Polish cavalry manoeuvred towards 971:. After some fighting, the local Polish forces lost Vilnius to the Bolsheviks on January 5. Lithuanians relied on the aid of German troops to stop the Red Army offensive before it reached Kaunas. 1008: 1416:

Sometime in mid-July 1919, PMO forces in Vilnius began planning a coup to replace the Lithuanian government with a pro-Polish cabinet, which would agree to a union with Poland (the proposed

2126:. Without the railway, Lithuanian units could not be easily redeployed to protect Vilnius. After it became clear that Żeligowski would not stop in Vilnius, Commander of the Lithuanian Army 1432:

in the contested territories and assess preparedness for the coup. On August 6, the Lithuanian government rejected the plebiscite proposal, stating that the disputed territories constitute

1178:, deemed the Polish presence in Vilnius as an illegal occupation. In addition to the Vilnius Region, the Suwałki Region was also disputed. It had a mixed Polish and Lithuanian population. 1092:. However, at the same time, they allowed the formation of Lithuanian administrations in the northern part. Lithuanians controlled Sejny from mid-1918, and entered Suwałki on May 8, 1919. 1100:

While still World War I was still ongoing, under German tutelage, the two sides established diplomatic ties, signing an agreement in Berlin on 30 June 1918. Lithuania was represented by

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of 1920, Lithuania was very close to being invaded by the Soviets in the summer of 1920 and being forcibly incorporated into that state, and only the Polish victory derailed that plan.

950:. The Germans refused to provide weapons to Polish paramilitary units which intended to fight the approaching Red Army. The Ober Ost command also denied the Polish request to grant the 2134:, with Vilnius as its capital. The name aligned with Piłsudski's vision of historical Lithuania, divided into three cantons: Lithuanian-inhabited Western Lithuania with its capital in 1057:

in the Polish–Soviet War. As the Polish Army forced its way further into Lithuania, the first clashes between Polish and Lithuanian soldiers occurred on April 26 and May 8, 1919, near

2177:, it learned from the local population the location of the command of the 1st Riflemen Division. On October 21, the cavalry raided the village and took the entire command (including 1393:– joined the PMO volunteers. On September 5, the Lithuanians agreed to withdraw behind the Foch Line by September 7. Poland secured Sejny and repressed Lithuanian cultural life: the 1383: 440: 8013: 1464:

did not have a list of PMO members. Lithuanian authorities began mass arrests of some 200 Polish activists, including 23 officers of the Lithuanian Army. Kaunas was declared in a

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recognition of an independent Lithuania with Vilnius as its capital. The talks failed, with the only result being the establishment of a Lithuanian consulate in Warsaw, headed by

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was a German puppet, that Lithuanians harboured pro-Bolshevik attitudes, or that Lithuania was too small and weak to survive without a union with Poland. Under article 87 of the

8028: 1073:, 1919, collapsed as neither side agreed to compromise. Lithuania tried to avoid direct military conflict and submitted its case for mediation to the Conference of Ambassadors. 535: 10357: 3127: 2067:. The rebellion had two main goals: capture Vilnius and preserve Poland's international reputation. The League of Nations was mediating other Polish disputes, notably over the 1608:. The Polish minority had limited opportunities for election campaigning, the only Polish newspaper was closed down, and as a result Poles received only 3 parliamentary seats. 11267: 8212: 1420:

federation). Polish leader Józef Piłsudski believed there were enough Polish sympathizers in Lithuania to carry out the coup. On August 3, a Polish diplomatic mission, led by

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At the time the international situations of newly independent Poland and Lithuania were unequal. Poland, much larger in territory and population, was dedicated point #13 in

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In July 1920, Polish forces retreated due to reverses in the Polish–Soviet War and the Lithuanians followed the retreating troops to secure their lands as delineated in the

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On November 17, the mutineers began a major attack. They planned to capture Kaunas, thus threatening Lithuanian independence, by encircling the city from the north through

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as part of the peace treaty) as the Entente hoped to revive the Russian Empire within its former territory, which included Lithuania. Lithuania was looking for support in

433: 1061:. Though there was no formal state of war and few casualties, by July newspapers reported increasing clashes between Poles and Lithuanians, primarily around the towns of 5952:"If the Poles didn't stop the Soviet attack, Lithuania would fell to the Soviets... Polish victory costs the Lithuanians the city of Wilno, but saved Lithuania itself." 2489:"On 9 October 1920 Żeligowski marched about 15,000 troops into Wilno. The Lithuanian army offered no resistance, and the city’s Polish population welcomed the troops." 871:

The advance of Polish (blue arrows), Lithuanian/German (dark purple arrows) against the Soviet forces in early 1919. The blue line shows the Polish front in May 1920.

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argued that Poland orchestrated the mutiny and demanded strict sanctions against Poland. The League refused to validate Żeligowski's action. It suggested to hold a

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In April 1920, Lithuania held its first parliamentary elections, among the constituencies established were cities outside the Lithuanian administration: Vilnius,

979: 11330: 8647: 8189: 2308:, Lithuania also lost a third of its territory and its capital. The issue would not be laid to rest during the interwar as no peace treaty was ever signed, and 8217: 6731: 1777:

on July 19, Suwałki on July 29, Augustów on August 8. The Polish units, afraid of being surrounded and cut off from the main Polish forces, retreated towards

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in November 1918 and attempts were made to organize a Lithuanian Army. On 2 January 1919, the Lithuanian government and Taryba evacuated the city, while the

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In March 1921, the plans for a plebiscite were abandoned. Neither Lithuania, which was afraid of a negative result nor Poland, which saw no reason to change

2149:Żeligowski's units continued to advance: territories east of the city were taken without resistance while Lithuanians defended in the west. Żeligowski took 1017: 9642: 8512: 1751: 1278: 1121: 1612:

became the new prime minister. On May 11, 1920, France recognized Lithuania de facto. And on May 7, 1920, Lithuania began peace talks with Soviet Russia.

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in January 1923, the League saw recognition of Lithuanian interest in Klaipėda as adequate compensation for the loss of Vilnius. The League accepted the

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After the failed coup, Leon Wasilewski left Kaunas and settled in Vilnius. There he met twice, on September 15 and 24, with Lithuanian Foreign Minister

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Selected demarcation lines between Poland and Lithuania. The line drawn by the Suwałki Agreement is in yellow; the final interwar border is in red.

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At first, both Poles and Lithuanians cooperated against the Soviets, but soon the cooperation gave way to increasing hostility. Lithuania claimed

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and giving the Polish army the opportunity to march eastward. On February 14, 1919, Polish troops came into contact with the Bolshevik army near

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1920, and Stakliškės on January 14. The front stabilized, but harassment of border guards and local villagers continued throughout early 1920.

807: 521: 6896: 2189:. Żeligowski at this point offered peace negotiations but was refused by the Lithuanian command. On October 26, another cavalry raid captured 671:. Control of Vilnius was transferred from Germans to Poles on January 2, 1919, but the Polish paramilitary lost the city to the Bolsheviks on 9557: 9547: 6958: 2094: 588: 10703: 10564: 9845: 8887: 8710: 8160: 8090: 7729: 6948: 6859: 2205:. However, Lithuanians counterattacked and took back Želva on October 30 and Giedraičiai on November 1. For a while, the front stabilized. 1209: 880: 8820: 5995: 11335: 9569: 8640: 8184: 7082: 6536: 5319: 2353:) resulted in a landslide Polish victory. In its first session on February 20, 1922, the Diet voted for incorporation into Poland as the 6385: 11122: 10330: 9374: 6759: 5320:"Lithuania and Poland. Agreement with regard to the establishment of a provisional "Modus Vivendi", signed at Suwalki, October 7, 1920" 888: 76: 10116: 7089: 2008: 1013: 832: 8855: 8837: 11325: 8975: 8843: 6741: 1585:

was forced to leave Kaunas. On December 30, a Polish-Latvian alliance was signed, resulting in a joint fight for the liberation of

8410: 5975: 3906: 3136:, pp. 61–62, "The Lithuanian government, having failed to raise an army, evacuated exposed Vilnius for more westerly Kaunas". 2365:

accepted the resolution of the Diet. The League of Nations ended its efforts to mediate the dispute. After Lithuanians seized the

810:, twenty years after losing its capital. However, Lithuania as a whole lost its independence less than a year later following the 11036: 10520: 10507: 10492: 10458: 10264: 10224: 8796: 8342: 8180: 8167: 8124: 8033: 7759: 7568: 7475: 7377: 7135: 6782: 2138:, Polish-inhabited Central Lithuania with its capital in Vilnius, and Belarusian-inhabited Eastern Lithuania with its capital in 472: 10603: 10453: 9321: 8873: 4002: 11217: 10822: 10805: 10795: 10783: 10736: 10654: 10649: 10644: 10632: 10627: 10497: 10470: 9840: 9647: 9123: 9110: 9050: 9009: 8967: 8961: 8955: 8941: 8815: 8752: 8633: 8534: 8524: 8392: 2054: 1154: 756: 1661:

for military assistance in the war with the Soviets. The conference proposed that the Polish forces would withdraw behind the

10362: 10352: 9760: 9632: 9519: 8306: 8240: 8077: 7956: 7629: 6655: 6511: 6457: 6328: 6149: 5752: 4531: 4058: 3659: 3625: 3212: 3177: 2625: 2597: 939: 701: 564: 281: 11227: 11007: 10525: 9574: 9430: 9129: 8779: 8725: 8715: 8481: 7901: 6693: 5964:"In summer 1920 Russia was working on a communist revolution in Lithuania... From this disaster Lithuania was saved by the 3598: 1531:

At the time Lithuania faced a severe budget crisis – in 1919 its revenue was 72 million while expenses reached 190 million

899:

troops and attacked Lithuania and Poland from the east trying to prevent their independence. They attempted to spread the

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Thus the line was incomplete, did not protect the Vilnius Region, but indicated it would be left on the Lithuanian side.

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asked the League of Nations to intervene in the renewed conflict with Poland. On October 14, the Chairman of the League

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wrote that the issue of the border and the belonging of Vilnius was not addressed in the treaty, while according to

10894: 10410: 9497: 9085: 8656: 7578: 7513: 6551: 2424: 1229:. He also accused Poland of being partitionist, and portrayed Poland as an anti-Semitic state that was a threat to 668: 129: 2716:, p. 150, "In essence, the Lithuanians had to give up the Suwałki region, including Sejny, Giby, and Punsk.". 643:

and lasted from May 1919 to 29 November 1920. Since the spring of 1920, the conflict happened alongside the wider

11168: 10415: 10405: 9953: 9542: 9502: 9253: 8577: 8382: 8362: 8149: 8085: 7908: 7777: 6688: 6608: 6546: 1979:

but only to the west of the Neman River (the Suwałki Region). Fighting to the east of the river continued around

1757:

Despite the setback in Vilnius, the Lithuanians continued to secure territories in the Suwałki Region. They took

1035: 974:

At first, the Soviets were successful but this came to a halt in February 1919 due to failures at the battles of

815: 640: 30: 7249: 1388: 11315: 10987: 10909: 10028: 9860: 9799: 9367: 8377: 8372: 8367: 8357: 8051: 6703: 6678: 6576: 3766: 2817: 2309: 1634: 1175: 938:; the Polish Committee and the Polish Temporary National Council for Lithuania supported by armed units of the 795: 786: 764: 688: 11155: 2304:

The result of this war was that while Lithuania defended its independence against Poland and its puppet state

96: 10661: 10552: 10269: 10240: 10141: 10091: 10086: 9999: 9963: 9596: 9445: 9091: 8682: 8352: 8347: 8311: 8245: 8137: 7983: 7573: 7425: 6963: 6891: 6822: 6591: 6561: 6556: 2305: 2131: 2042: 1510:

on October 12. When Polish troops were engaged in combat with Soviet forces German troops attacked Alanta on

1257: 876: 811: 752: 261: 11105: 10899: 10610: 10131: 9821: 9157: 9151: 8881: 8301: 7928: 7868: 7765: 7670: 7440: 7226: 6930: 6769: 6668: 1856:

Sejny and Giby on September 13 and 14. Pending direct negotiations, hostilities were ceased on both sides.

1824:

any Soviet or Polish troops that would cross the border. On August 26, a Polish delegation, led by Colonel

1367: 1190: 986:. On February 5, Poland signed an agreement with Germany regulating the withdrawal of the German army from 11150: 2118:, shielding the city from Poland. Their main forces were still in the Suwałki Region and to the west from 798:

due to the latter's control of the city. Diplomatic relations were only restored as a result of the March

11262: 11041: 11011: 10956: 10951: 10502: 9809: 9770: 9724: 9682: 9480: 8539: 7976: 7961: 7819: 7771: 7543: 7094: 6968: 6881: 6876: 6645: 6633: 6628: 2143: 1562: 1131:

the signed agreement mentioned nothing regarding territorial questions. The treaty (published in full by

487: 7155: 1848: 1012:, in which he announced that the region's fate would be decided democratically. He also established the 11310: 11300: 11240: 10975: 10963: 10284: 10259: 9926: 9734: 9714: 9694: 9637: 9564: 9291: 8720: 8519: 8476: 7753: 7518: 7503: 7405: 7274: 6842: 6754: 6711: 2292: 2272:

in the contested areas. On November 6 and 7, both sides agreed and Lithuanians began preparatory work.

1885: 1869: 1382:. Lithuanians recaptured Sejny on August 25 for a few hours. On August 26, regular Polish forces – the 10980: 10389: 10151: 10011: 9828: 9782: 9507: 9360: 9258: 9210: 8704: 8461: 8229: 7813: 7563: 7548: 7269: 7160: 6854: 6832: 6581: 6571: 6504: 2958: 2412: 920: 912: 778: 684: 648: 135: 10367: 7415: 4059:"Polish-Lithuanian Relations in Seinai Region at the Turn of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries" 2944: 2345:

suggested several Polish–Lithuanian federation models, all rejected by both sides. In January 1922,

2078: 2032: 1347:

The Lithuanians retreated from Suwałki on August 7, 1919. However, they stopped in ethnically mixed

1105: 740: 576: 11068: 11031: 9938: 9921: 9833: 9425: 8664: 8436: 7923: 7913: 7842: 7795: 7783: 7723: 7538: 7533: 7455: 6864: 6837: 6541: 5902:

A. Srebrakowski, Stosunek mniejszości narodowych Litwy Środkowej wobec wyborów do Sejmu Wileńskiego

3149: 1872:: Polish forces manoeuvred through the Lithuanian front line (in pink) to the rear of Soviet troops 1360: 620: 477: 390: 2537: 2510: 2472:

gave control over Vilnius to the local Poles that same day. The Polish forces lost Vilnius to the

1965: 1825: 728:

on the Polish side and drew a new incomplete demarcation line, which left Vilnius vulnerable to a

596: 11305: 11295: 11078: 11056: 11046: 10810: 10788: 10770: 10590: 10445: 10342: 9804: 9775: 9617: 9485: 9116: 9015: 8921: 8507: 8499: 8441: 8201: 7896: 7659: 7493: 7488: 7420: 7279: 7264: 7259: 7239: 7120: 6997: 3062: 1840: 1816: 1646: 1242: 884: 712: 47: 9186: 8789: 7460: 6468: 6003: 3424: 2127: 2099:

The Lithuanians were not prepared for the assault. They had only two battalions, stationed near

348: 11145: 11023: 10748: 10731: 10698: 10101: 10016: 9958: 9885: 9794: 9670: 8989: 8916: 8274: 7998: 7933: 7789: 7523: 7450: 7400: 7385: 7367: 7340: 7254: 7221: 6886: 6847: 6827: 6638: 6531: 1658: 1650: 1433: 1253: 1198: 771:

in 1922. The prolonged mediation by the League of Nations did not change the situation and the

647:

and was affected by its progress. It was subject to unsuccesful international mediation at the

628: 459: 325: 313: 301: 246: 10914: 10691: 10620: 9168: 8931: 6139: 5742: 5326: 3649: 3615: 2452: 1022: 425: 11250: 11178: 11061: 11051: 10887: 10615: 10106: 10053: 9948: 9880: 9872: 9765: 9748: 9077: 8926: 8264: 7918: 7807: 7583: 7553: 7483: 7430: 7352: 7320: 7294: 7244: 7175: 7077: 7030: 6814: 6683: 6566: 6409: 6394: 6347: 4817: 3007: 2265: 1654: 1642: 1570: 1566: 1544: 1394: 1283: 1269: 1163: 1126: 1101: 931: 916: 838: 692: 644: 482: 34: 6206: 5901: 1832:, and demanded that the Lithuanian troops would withdraw from the Suwałki Region behind the 1490:. On several occasions fights broke out regarding a strategically important bridge over the 402: 10882: 10753: 10378: 10254: 10177: 10146: 10121: 10063: 10033: 9985: 9909: 9890: 9709: 9584: 9475: 9440: 9395: 9311: 9071: 8995: 8741: 8614: 8529: 7216: 7190: 7140: 6497: 1889: 1590: 1453: 1378:, towns on the Lithuanian side of the Foch Line. The insurgents planned to march as far as 1273: 1234: 964: 896: 744: 664: 306: 109: 11212: 10758: 10718: 9001: 8893: 7165: 6159:

Eidintas, Alfonsas; Žalys, Vytautas; Senn, Alfred Erich (1999). Tuskenis, Edvardas (ed.).

2281: 2050: 1948: 1839:

The Suwałki Region had strategic importance in the Polish–Soviet War. Following orders of

930:

German government, which was preparing to leave the city; the Lithuanian government under

748: 736: 721: 330: 142: 8: 10852: 10279: 10076: 10071: 10043: 10038: 9968: 9943: 9031: 8596: 7735: 7599: 7558: 7435: 7395: 7390: 7335: 7018: 7012: 6913: 5439: 4753: 4054: 2068: 1552: 1137: 1117: 10463: 9978: 8549: 6096:(in Lithuanian). Vol. XV. Boston, Massachusetts: Lietuvių enciklopedijos leidykla. 1995:. The major point of contention, both diplomatic and military, was the train station in 1437: 926:

At the end of 1918, four groups claiming authority existed in Vilnius: the occupational

11112: 10874: 10741: 10726: 10673: 10637: 10530: 10475: 10193: 10136: 10111: 10081: 9704: 9455: 9435: 9244: 9228: 9145: 9062: 8981: 8947: 8899: 8784: 8758: 8747: 8687: 8556: 8471: 7830: 7694: 7676: 7641: 7605: 7445: 7410: 7362: 7347: 7234: 7185: 7024: 6983: 6663: 6284: 6236: 5972: 5965: 2903: 2877: 2480:

from the Bolsheviks in April 1919 and it remained under Polish control until July 1920.

2448: 2082: 1969: 1811:

Map of the Suwałki Region. Its many forests and lakes complicated the military actions.

1580: 1425: 951: 711:. However, the Red Army was the first to enter Vilnius. In August 1920, Poland won the 497: 9272: 5421: 5242: 2916: 2366: 11173: 10992: 10968: 10904: 10817: 10708: 10420: 10347: 10156: 10126: 10096: 9931: 9492: 9216: 8849: 8589: 8583: 8544: 8446: 8279: 7862: 7717: 7700: 7508: 7330: 7310: 7145: 7130: 7060: 7048: 6749: 6726: 6673: 6453: 6434: 6415: 6370: 6353: 6334: 6324: 6303: 6263: 6244: 6212: 6193: 6183: 6164: 6145: 6126: 6116: 6097: 6068: 5934: 5748: 5250: 4821: 4810: 4761: 4537: 4527: 4377: 4006: 3791: 3762: 3655: 3621: 3594: 3444: 3292: 3218: 3208: 3183: 3173: 3148:, p. 63, "We don't have any troops to defend Vilnius...only about 100 people" – 3066: 3013: 2924: 2881: 2813: 2621: 2593: 2545: 2516: 2444: 2399: 1900: 1238: 1194: 975: 729: 652: 2620:(in Lithuanian). Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademija. pp. 197, 199. 2329: 2255: 2181:) prisoner. Left without their commanders, the Lithuanians retreated and Poles took 1953: 1491: 1399: 1310: 1077: 725: 636: 213: 180: 11137: 10997: 10936: 10869: 10847: 10827: 10686: 10666: 10535: 10198: 9816: 9415: 9222: 9097: 9056: 9025: 8802: 7647: 7617: 7611: 7528: 7357: 7325: 7315: 7054: 6978: 6973: 6901: 6721: 6621: 3920: 3911: 3436: 2317: 2037: 1896: 1781:. The Lithuanian authorities started to organize themselves in the regained areas. 1302: 1050:), and even cooperated against the Bolsheviks in Giedraičiai area on May 11, 1919. 956: 904: 900: 11183: 4070: 2264:

command, but with the moral support of the entire Polish nation. Lithuanian envoy

2154: 1992: 1507: 1375: 1352: 1265: 365: 11188: 10941: 10557: 10540: 9420: 9204: 8808: 8456: 8296: 7635: 7195: 7170: 6869: 6777: 6616: 6110: 5979: 2809: 2477: 2260: 2178: 2150: 1972: 1913: 1877: 1593:. Lithuanian troops attempted an early entry into the city, but without success. 1449: 1421: 1230: 1213: 1186: 1054: 995: 987: 935: 717: 680: 676: 569: 378: 360: 318: 121: 87: 8625: 2618:

Lietuvos karai: Lietuvos XIX-XX a. nacionalinių karų sisteminė kiekybinė analizė

2239: 2169:

on October 15. The front somewhat stabilized on the southern (left) side of the

2109: 10946: 8289: 8269: 7940: 7653: 7498: 7289: 7180: 7036: 6940: 6923: 6405: 6178:

Gerutis, Albertas (1984). "Independent Lithuania". In Gerutis, Albertas (ed.).

4760:(in Lithuanian). Vol. II. Chicago: Dr. Griniaus fondas. pp. 355–359. 3758: 2542:

Bitwy Września 1939 R.: Materiały ... Seminarium Historyków Wojny Obronnej 1939

2377: 2235: 2158: 1681: 1638: 1629:

Advance of Soviet forces (red arrows) against Polish troops in June–August 1920

1465: 1342: 1326: 1182: 1113: 632: 616: 559: 492: 217: 184: 9729: 6130: 3440: 3187: 2408: 2194: 1881: 1738: 1417: 11284: 8400: 7688: 7682: 7125: 7042: 6953: 6411:

The Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569–1999

6338: 6182:. translated by Algirdas Budreckis (6th ed.). New York: Manyland Books. 5898:

A. Srebrakowski, Sejm Wileński 1922 roku. Idea i jej realizacja, Wrocław 1993

4541: 3448: 3284: 3222: 2549: 2411:

federation was never formed. The Soviets gave Vilnius to Lithuania after the

2100: 2072: 2063: 1609: 1445: 1204:

Lithuania did not receive international recognition (it was first recognized

1189:. It was recognized by all nations of the Entente, officially invited to the 1109: 1038:

at the time were not immediately hostile, both armies met in several points (

847: 10209: 6101: 2182: 1742: 1305:

on June 18, 1919. The line, drawn about 5 km (3.1 mi) west of the

751:

was to formally come into effect. Żeligowski proclaimed the creation of the

747:. Żeligowski's forces marched on Vilnius and captured it one day before the 11100: 10857: 10598: 9612: 9037: 8867: 7850: 7284: 6267: 2251: 2186: 2119: 2115: 1927: 1758: 1666: 1625: 1153:

federation) and campaigned for some kind of Polish–Lithuanian union in the

6161:

Lithuania in European Politics: The Years of the First Republic, 1918-1940

2227: 2215: 2104: 1962: 1722: 1605: 1226: 1162:

self-determination of local Poles. Due to Polish–Lithuanian tensions, the

1066: 1047: 867: 11002: 10297: 10048: 9233: 9163: 8061: 7966: 7664: 7099: 6520: 3591:

Great Britain, Germany and the Soviet Union: Rapallo and After, 1922-1934

2342: 2170: 1980: 1923: 1833: 1662: 1532: 1499: 1245:

reserved to themselves the right to determine Poland's eastern frontier.

1150: 10306: 1797: 1762: 1317:, on the Lithuanian side. The Lithuanians protested leaving Vilnius and 1314: 1081: 1027:. An important strategic success for the Polish side was the capture of 513: 10487: 10482: 9622: 8771: 8765: 3425:"Lithuanian-Polish cooperation in 1918: The Ronikier-Voldemaras treaty" 2989:

Spisy ludności m. Wilna za okupacji niemieckiej od. 1 listopada 1915 r.

2354: 2337: 2269: 2174: 2049:

Polish chief of state Józef Piłsudski ordered his subordinate, General

2013: 1821: 1778: 1586: 1429: 1356: 892: 855: 773: 704:

failing in August 1919, the front stabilized until the summer of 1920.

10318: 3163: 2872:

Miniotaitė, Gražina (1998). "7: Lithuania". In Mouritzen, Hans (ed.).

2535: 2202: 2021: 1975:, began on the evening of September 29, 1920. Both sides agreed to an 1931: 1746: 1734: 1730: 1487: 1222: 1085: 1062: 1039: 1009:

Proclamation to the inhabitants of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania

420:

232 dead against the Polish army; 222 dead against Żeligowski's troops

9661: 9383: 9352: 7856: 7623: 6318: 5744:

Guarantee of Peace: The League of Nations in British Policy 1914–1925

4521: 3202: 2538:"Wojna polsko-bolszewicka, 1919-1920: działania bojowe - kalendarium" 2321: 2242:–Leliūnai and rejoined Żeligowski's other units only on November 24. 2223: 2190: 2162: 1976: 1726: 1714: 1710: 1522: 1330: 1233:. On the other hand, Voldemaras battled negative propaganda that the 991: 915:. The Soviet offensive sparked a series of local wars, including the 790: 624: 397: 385: 373: 355: 343: 276: 3784:

Meddling in Middle Europe: Britain and the 'Lands Between' 1919-1925

3059:

Civil War in Central Europe, 1918-1921: The Reconstruction of Poland

2991:(in Polish). Biblioteka Delegacji Rad Polskich Litwy i Białej Rusi, 2123: 1996: 1498:. In October, when main Lithuanian forces were deployed against the 11245: 9340: 8116: 6141:

The Soviet–Polish Peace of 1921 and the Creation of Interwar Europe

6048:

Lengyel, Emil (1939-03-20). "Poland and Lithuania in a Long Feud".

5982:(Polish translation of a Lithuanian article) "Veidas", 25 08 2005: 5915: 5913: 5911: 5909: 5881: 5879: 5854: 5852: 5850: 5781: 5779: 5635: 5633: 5631: 5350: 5348: 5346: 5070: 5068: 5066: 4665: 4663: 4661: 4577: 3550:"Litwa w polityce Komitetu Narodowego Polskiego w latach 1917-1919" 2473: 2469: 2395: 2390: 2231: 2166: 1984: 1502:

in northwestern Lithuania, the attacks intensified. Poles captured

1483: 1371: 947: 927: 785:

Polish–Lithuanian border, awarding Vilnius to Poland. However, the

4376:(in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Valstybės leidybos centras. p. 54. 3848: 3846: 3572: 3570: 2198: 1922:

Polish forces then marched, as planned on September 8, across the

10373: 9687: 6029: 2465: 2394:. For example, Lithuania broke off diplomatic relations with the 2325: 1988: 1791: 1697: 1685: 1503: 1495: 1158: 851: 782: 660: 6357: 6317:

Rudling, Per Anders (22 December 2014). Harris, Jonathan (ed.).

6197: 5906: 5876: 5847: 5776: 5628: 5343: 5063: 4658: 4589: 3207:. Pitt Series in Russian and East European Studies. p. 97. 3201:

Rudling, Per Anders (22 December 2014). Harris, Jonathan (ed.).

2407:. These tensions were one of the reasons that Józef Piłsudski's 2088: 1807: 1006:

captured Vilnius. On April 22, 1919, Józef Piłsudski issued the

9850: 5941:, Slavic Review, Vol. 21, No. 3. (Sep., 1962), pp. 500–507.: 3843: 3567: 2992: 2826: 2536:

Wrzosek, Mieczysław; Grzegorz Łukomski; Bogusław Polak (1990).

2515:(in German). Friedrichstadt: Union Verlag. pp. 1072–1073. 2443:

Polish and Lithuanian claims overlapped in parts of the former

2219: 2135: 1852: 1718: 1689: 1615: 1601: 1558: 1441: 1379: 1318: 1171: 1058: 1043: 1028: 968: 760: 743:, secretly planned and authorized by the Polish chief of state 697: 455: 156:' forests fighting against Żeligowski's soldiers in autumn 1920 153: 125: 56: 6489: 5582: 5580: 4431: 4429: 4208: 4206: 3470: 3334: 3332: 2874:

Bordering Russia: Theory and Prospects for Europe's Baltic Rim

1471: 9410: 8284: 6476: 6349:

The Great Powers: Lithuania and the Vilna Question, 1920–1928

6092:

Ališauskas, Kazys (1968). "Lietuvos kariuomenė (1918–1944)".

5766: 5764: 5688: 5686: 5684: 5567: 5565: 5563: 5561: 5210: 5208: 5005: 5003: 5001: 4999: 4997: 4995: 4501: 4094: 4092: 3865: 3863: 3861: 3617:

Foreword to the Past: A Cultural History of the Baltic People

2297: 2139: 1844: 1774: 1766: 1672:

At the same time, the Soviets and Lithuanians negotiated the

1517:

In March 1920, fights erupted along the railroad stations in

1348: 1089: 994:. On April 16, 1919, the Polish Army launched a wide-ranging 841:, the disputed city of Vilnius had a linguistic breakdown of 220:

regions ruled by Poland (with some adjacent areas) until 1939

116: 5984:"defended both Poland and Lithuanian from Soviet domination" 5973:

Józef Piłsudski – wróg niepodległości Litwy czy jej wybawca?

4390: 4133: 4131: 4129: 4127: 4125: 4123: 4121: 4119: 2755: 2670: 2668: 2666: 2300:

titled "Hey, world! We will not rest without Vilnius!", 1926

1859: 6017: 5698: 5657: 5645: 5577: 5503: 5372: 5280: 5144: 5142: 4965: 4812:

Soviet Russia and the West, 1920–1927: A Documentary Survey

4789: 4631: 4426: 4414: 4305: 4283: 4281: 4266: 4203: 3939: 3329: 2855: 2853: 2731: 2544:(in Polish). Koszalin: Wyższa Szkoła Inżynierska: 136–142. 2362: 2058: 1770: 1693: 1597: 999: 6112:

War, revolution, and nation-making in Lithuania, 1914-1923

5837: 5835: 5833: 5796: 5794: 5761: 5722: 5681: 5558: 5481: 5479: 5477: 5389: 5387: 5299: 5297: 5295: 5270: 5268: 5266: 5205: 5171: 5169: 5129: 5127: 5114: 5112: 5099: 5097: 5095: 4992: 4982: 4980: 4895: 4893: 4880: 4878: 4876: 4724: 4722: 4720: 4648: 4646: 4621: 4619: 4606: 4604: 4523:

Historical dictionary of the Russian civil wars, 1916-1926

4179: 4143: 4089: 3858: 3833: 3831: 3700: 3698: 3403: 3401: 3399: 3397: 3395: 3317: 3305: 2772: 2770: 2743: 2680: 2142:. Further developments of other cantons were prevented by 10358:

Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis

5939:

The Formation of the Lithuanian Foreign Office, 1918–1921

5249:(in Polish). Warsaw: Książka i Wiedza. pp. 166–175. 4489: 4477: 4116: 4037: 4035: 3673: 3671: 3253: 3162:

Weeks, Theodore R. (2015). "4 - World War I, 1914–1922".

3103: 2970: 2968: 2838: 2787: 2785: 2697: 2695: 2663: 2641: 2639: 2637: 2567: 2565: 2563: 2561: 2559: 2316:. In 1920–1939, Lithuania and Poland were separated by a 1166:

withheld diplomatic recognition of Lithuania until 1922.

5524: 5522: 5520: 5518: 5462: 5139: 4807: 4707: 4705: 4675: 4555: 4553: 4551: 4465: 4453: 4441: 4402: 4353: 4329: 4293: 4278: 4254: 4230: 4063:

The Chronicle of Lithuanian Catholic Academy of Sciences

3487: 3485: 3460: 3458: 2850: 1864: 1002:

to Vilnius. On April 19, 1919, the Polish cavalry under

720:. Pressured by the League of Nations, Poland signed the 5830: 5818: 5806: 5791: 5710: 5669: 5616: 5604: 5592: 5546: 5534: 5491: 5474: 5450: 5399: 5384: 5292: 5263: 5193: 5181: 5166: 5154: 5124: 5109: 5092: 5080: 5051: 5039: 5015: 4977: 4953: 4941: 4929: 4917: 4905: 4890: 4873: 4861: 4717: 4643: 4616: 4601: 4565: 4341: 4317: 4218: 4191: 4155: 4020: 3951: 3828: 3710: 3695: 3392: 3380: 3368: 3356: 3344: 3265: 2767: 2651: 6320:

The rise and fall of Belarusian nationalism, 1906-1931

5027: 4851: 4849: 4779: 4777: 4692: 4690: 4077: 4032: 4005:(in Polish). Gimnazjum Nr. 1 w Sejnach. Archived from 3975: 3963: 3875: 3734: 3722: 3683: 3668: 3526: 3204:

The rise and fall of Belarusian nationalism, 1906-1931

3115: 3091: 3079: 3038: 2965: 2782: 2692: 2634: 2584:

Račis, Antanas, ed. (2008). "Reguliariosios pajėgos".

2556: 1633:

On 25 April 1920, the Polish army and the remnants of

1291: 1145:

Polish leader Józef Piłsudski hoped to revive the old

124:

inspecting Lithuanian soldiers on 16 February 1920 in

6229:

Lietuvos kariuomenė nepriklausomybės kovose 1918–1920

5864: 5515: 4702: 4548: 3804: 3497: 3482: 3455: 3289:

White Eagle, Red Star: the Polish-Soviet War, 1919–20

3229: 1798:

August–October 1920: struggles for the Suwałki Region

9643:

2003 Lithuanian European Union membership referendum

6323:. Pitt Series in Russian and East European Studies. 6163:(Paperback ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press. 5428:(in Polish). Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Oskar. p. 110. 4242: 3516: 3514: 3512: 2245: 1802: 1402:

in Kaunas to overthrow the government of Lithuania.

1031:

on April 28, 1919, from which the Germans withdrew.

6352:. Studies in East European history. Brill Archive. 5360: 5220: 4846: 4834: 4774: 4734: 4687: 4167: 3927: 3907:"Z Orłem przeciw Pogoni. Powstanie sejneńskie 1919" 3026: 2923:(in Polish). Warsaw: Książka i Wiedza. p. 11. 2250:On October 11, 1920, the Lithuanian envoy in Paris 2146:, a party opposed to Piłsudski's federalist ideas. 2022:

October–November 1920: struggles for Vilnius Region

1884:. On September 8, during a planning meeting of the 1329:proposed the second demarcation line, known as the 1069:. Direct negotiations in Kaunas between May 28 and 252: 5325:. United Nations Treaty Collection. Archived from 4809: 4808:Eudin, Xenia Joukoff; Harold Henry Fisher (1957). 4104: 3816: 3620:. Central European University Press. p. 202. 3241: 2719: 2476:several days later, on January 5. The Polish Army 141:Lithuanian and Polish delegations negotiating the 8655: 6387:Konflik polsko-litewski na tle wydarzeń roku 1920 6158: 6035: 5919: 5885: 5858: 5785: 5639: 5354: 5074: 4669: 4595: 4583: 3852: 3576: 3509: 11282: 6109:Balkelis, Tomas (2018). Gerwarth, Robert (ed.). 2210:October Offensive of the Central Lithuanian Army 1272:on May 13 and 23, and with Polish Head of State 1193:, and became one of the founding members of the 16:Conflict between Poland and Lithuania, 1919-1920 9331:Soviet OMON assaults on Lithuanian border posts 7466:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers 4003:"Powstanie Sejneńskie 23-28 sierpnia 1919 roku" 679:on April 19, 1919 and came in contact with the 10569:Ottoman–Tatar Invasion of Lithuania and Poland 10275:Military of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 6431:Lietuvos ir Lenkijos santykiai Tautų Sąjungoje 6241:Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos karo akademija 5237: 5235: 3654:(2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. p. 286. 3009:Transformation in Russia and International Law 2590:Science and Encyclopaedia Publishing Institute 1895:On September 5, 1920, Polish Foreign Minister 10239: 10225: 9368: 8641: 6505: 2464:The Lithuanian government was established in 2095:Central Lithuanian offensive of November 1920 2089:Capture of Vilnius and other military attacks 1907: 1301:The Conference of Ambassadors drew the first 702:Polish coup against the Lithuanian government 529: 441: 6383: 6300:The Baltic States: The Years of Independence 6260:Stosunki polsko-litewskie w latach 1918–1920 5446:. Chicago: Dr. Griniaus fondas. p. 634. 5416: 5414: 3613: 3543: 3541: 1876:On September 6, Lithuanian Foreign Minister 1815:The Russians suffered a great defeat in the 1620: 1616:July 1920: Soviet advance and Polish retreat 1538: 1428:, in Kaunas had a double purpose: propose a 1412:1919 Polish coup d'état attempt in Lithuania 10565:Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1534–1537) 10553:Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1512–1522) 9592:Baltic states under Soviet rule (1944–1991) 7949: 6447: 5747:. Oxford University Press US. p. 188. 5586: 5509: 5232: 4746: 3323: 3259: 3012:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 52. 2945:"Vilnius district without urban population" 1472:September 1919 – June 1920: minor incidents 724:on October 7, 1920. The agreement left the 11331:Lithuania–Second Polish Republic relations 10411:Second Mongol invasion of Poland (1259/60) 10232: 10218: 9375: 9361: 8938:Polish–Lithuanian–Swedish War (1600–1629) 8648: 8634: 6512: 6498: 6289:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 6091: 5692: 5571: 5009: 4526:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 1093. 4137: 3900: 3898: 3896: 3894: 3892: 3890: 3647: 3641: 2986: 2980: 2871: 2844: 2737: 1476: 1095: 875:World War I ended when Germany signed the 808:Soviet–Lithuanian Mutual Assistance Treaty 536: 522: 448: 434: 10416:Third Mongol invasion of Poland (1287/88) 10406:First Mongol invasion of Poland (1240/41) 6466: 6274: 6257: 5734: 5420: 5411: 5241: 4507: 4495: 4483: 4471: 4459: 4447: 4435: 4420: 4408: 4365: 4359: 4335: 4299: 4287: 4260: 4236: 4212: 4185: 4161: 4149: 4098: 4053: 4026: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3990: 3957: 3869: 3837: 3716: 3704: 3547: 3538: 3407: 3386: 3374: 3362: 3350: 3311: 3271: 3005: 2915: 2832: 2776: 2761: 2686: 2674: 1860:Direct negotiations and League of Nations 1014:Civil Administration of the Eastern Lands 833:Demographic history of the Vilnius region 777:was accepted in 1923. In March 1923, the 543: 10704:War of the Polish Succession (1587–1588) 7748:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary 6428: 6137: 6108: 6056: 6041: 5930: 5928: 5812: 5800: 5770: 5740: 5728: 5716: 5468: 5432: 5393: 5314: 5312: 5303: 5214: 5199: 5175: 5148: 5103: 5045: 5021: 4986: 4681: 4371: 3740: 3689: 3588: 3582: 3532: 3338: 3145: 3121: 3109: 3097: 3085: 2974: 2909: 2894: 2749: 2713: 2645: 2611: 2609: 2571: 2347:parliamentary election to the Wilno Diet 2291: 2057:(16 battalions with 14,000 soldiers) in 2036: 1952: 1863: 1806: 1784: 1624: 1268:, held talks with Polish Prime Minister 866: 862: 826: 237: 10265:History of Polish intelligence services 9152:War of the Polish–Lithuanian Succession 8888:War of the Polish–Lithuanian Succession 8125:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration 6316: 6262:(in Polish). Warsaw: Książka i Wiedza. 6225: 6177: 6047: 6023: 5841: 5824: 5704: 5675: 5663: 5651: 5622: 5610: 5598: 5552: 5540: 5497: 5485: 5456: 5438: 5405: 5378: 5286: 5274: 5187: 5160: 5133: 5118: 5086: 5057: 4971: 4959: 4947: 4935: 4923: 4911: 4899: 4884: 4867: 4795: 4752: 4728: 4652: 4637: 4625: 4610: 4571: 4396: 4347: 4323: 4311: 4272: 4224: 4197: 4083: 4041: 3981: 3969: 3945: 3904: 3887: 3881: 3677: 3235: 3200: 3044: 2791: 2701: 2280:the talks back into the context of the 1961:The negotiations between Poles, led by 1669:, agreed to the resolution on July 10. 802:. Vilnius was regained by Lithuania on 11283: 11218:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia 9382: 6404: 5528: 4816:. Stanford University Press. pp. 4801: 4559: 4047: 3987: 3755:Wartime Diplomacy: A Pattern In Poland 3607: 3503: 3491: 3476: 3422: 3283: 3277: 3133: 3056: 2803: 2615: 2529: 2026: 1703: 1405: 1256:, a Lithuanian patriot and veteran of 889:Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919 10611:Northern Seven Years' War (1563–1570) 10213: 9633:Soviet economic blockade of Lithuania 9356: 8629: 8078:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia 7421:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele) 6493: 6467:Budreckis, Algirdas (November 1963). 6297: 6062: 5925: 5870: 5309: 4711: 4519: 4000: 3781: 3752: 3418: 3416: 3161: 3032: 2999: 2859: 2657: 2606: 2583: 2508: 1892:, but collapsed just two days later. 940:Self-Defence of Lithuania and Belarus 517: 429: 10801:Polish–Cossack–Tatar War (1666–1671) 10454:Teutonic takeover of Danzig (Gdańsk) 8874:Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory 8711:Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1368–1372) 8482:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne 6364: 6345: 6277:Konflikt polsko-litewski 1918 - 1920 6204: 5988: 5366: 5226: 5033: 4855: 4840: 4783: 4740: 4696: 4248: 4173: 4110: 3933: 3822: 3810: 3728: 3520: 3464: 3247: 2987:Brensztejn, Michał Eustachy (1919). 2959:"Trakai district – total population" 2725: 2577: 2512:Handbuch der europäischen Geschichte 2502: 1942: 1436:. According to Lithuanian historian 1296: 11321:Lithuania–Poland military relations 11037:Greater Poland uprising (1918–1919) 9105:Polish–Lithuanian–Cossack–Tatar War 8411:Ottomans against the Triple Entente 7212:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes 5960:Kovos del Lietuvos nepriklausomybes 1899:delivered a diplomatic note to the 1292:May–September 1919: rising tensions 781:recognized the armistice line as a 755:with its capital in Vilnius. Their 735:On October 8, 1920, Polish general 13: 11336:Lithuania in the Russian Civil War 7151:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes 6302:. University of California Press. 5247:Konflikt polsko-litewski 1918–1920 3651:Historical Dictionary of Lithuania 3413: 3170:Northern Illinois University Press 3165:Vilnius between Nations, 1795-2000 2921:Konflikt polsko-litewski 1918–1920 2314:1938 Polish ultimatum to Lithuania 2055:1st Lithuanian–Belarusian Division 1264:The Lithuanian delegation, led by 1108:, while Poland was represented by 944:Vilnius Soviet of Workers Deputies 800:1938 Polish ultimatum to Lithuania 14: 11347: 9198:Lithuania partitioned (1795–1918) 6384:Srebrakowski, Aleksander (2001). 6367:The Emergence of Modern Lithuania 5741:Yearwood, Peter J. (2009-02-15). 3788:Central European University Press 3006:Langstrom, Tarja (January 2003). 2246:Mediation and diplomatic measures 1803:Polish advance and Soviet retreat 1680:state border until World War II. 1336: 1307:Grodno–Vilnius–Daugavpils Railway 934:that had just begun creating the 10823:War of the Holy League 1683–1699 10526:Lithuanian Civil War (1432–1438) 10317: 10305: 10296: 9660: 9185: 9130:Lithuanian Civil War (1697–1702) 8780:Lithuanian Civil War (1432–1438) 8726:Lithuanian Civil War (1389–1392) 8716:Lithuanian Civil War (1381–1384) 7514:Second Battle of the Piave River 7136:Russian invasion of East Prussia 6469:"Lietuvos kariuomenės kūrimasis" 6433:(in Lithuanian). Versus aureus. 6067:. London: Cassell. p. 191. 5891: 4513: 4374:Lietuvos Respublikos prezidentai 2483: 2425:List of wars between democracies 2085:of the local Polish population. 1880:proposed direct negotiations in 996:offensive against the Bolsheviks 796:diplomatic relations with Poland 396: 384: 372: 364: 354: 342: 324: 312: 300: 275: 254: 239: 130:Act of Independence of Lithuania 128:during the commemoration of the 95: 86: 75: 66: 55: 46: 11326:Poland in the Russian Civil War 10806:Polish–Ottoman War of 1672–1676 10796:Polish–Ottoman War of 1633–1634 10784:Polish–Ottoman War of 1620–1621 10737:Polish–Russian War of 1609–1618 10655:Polish–Swedish War of 1626–1629 10650:Polish–Swedish War of 1621–1625 10645:Polish–Swedish War of 1617–1618 10633:Polish–Swedish War of 1600–1611 10628:Polish–Swedish War of 1600–1629 10521:Władysław the White's rebellion 10508:Polish–Teutonic War (1519–1521) 10493:Polish–Teutonic War (1431–1435) 10459:Polish–Teutonic War (1326–1332) 9543:Occupation of the Baltic states 9520:1919 Polish coup d'état attempt 9254:Lithuanian Wars of Independence 8976:Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite War 8816:Thirteen Years' War (1454–1466) 8578:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo 7778:Lithuanian Wars of Independence 6519: 6084: 6065:World War Two. Nation by Nation 6036:Eidintas, Žalys & Senn 1999 5920:Eidintas, Žalys & Senn 1999 5886:Eidintas, Žalys & Senn 1999 5859:Eidintas, Žalys & Senn 1999 5786:Eidintas, Žalys & Senn 1999 5640:Eidintas, Žalys & Senn 1999 5444:Naujųjų laikų Lietuvos istorija 5355:Eidintas, Žalys & Senn 1999 5075:Eidintas, Žalys & Senn 1999 4758:Naujųjų laikų Lietuvos istorija 4670:Eidintas, Žalys & Senn 1999 4596:Eidintas, Žalys & Senn 1999 4584:Eidintas, Žalys & Senn 1999 4372:Drilinga, Antanas, ed. (1995). 3853:Eidintas, Žalys & Senn 1999 3775: 3746: 3589:Salzmann, Stephanie C. (2013). 3577:Eidintas, Žalys & Senn 1999 3194: 3155: 3050: 2951: 2937: 2865: 2806:Historical Dictionary of Poland 2797: 2458: 2001:Saint Petersburg–Warsaw railway 1830:Saint Petersburg–Warsaw railway 816:occupation of the Baltic states 641:Lithuanian Wars of Independence 639:regions, which was part of the 31:Lithuanian Wars of Independence 10988:Greater Poland uprising (1848) 10779:Moldavian campaign (1497–1499) 10548:Moldavian campaign (1497–1499) 9451:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 9336:War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) 8922:Polish–Lithuanian–Swedish wars 8797:Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War 8753:Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War 8401:Austria-Hungary against Serbia 8260:Deportations from East Prussia 8057:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia 6452:(in Polish). Warsaw: Bellona. 5426:Polska-Litwa: Ostatnie sto lat 2588:(in Lithuanian). Vol. I. 2437: 2382:Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty 1674:Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty 1197:. Poland also enjoyed a close 1147:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 787:International Court of Justice 765:temporary capital of Lithuania 709:Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty 631:, with fighting mainly in the 199: 1: 10895:Russo–Polish War of 1654–1667 10863:Siege of Smolensk (1632–1633) 10536:1444 war against the Ottomans 10363:German–Polish War (1028–1031) 10353:German–Polish War (1003–1018) 10270:List of wars involving Poland 9124:Polish–Lithuanian–Ottoman War 9111:Polish–Lithuanian–Ottoman War 9051:Polish–Lithuanian–Ottoman War 9044:Siege of Smolensk (1632–1633) 9010:Polish–Lithuanian–Ottoman War 8968:Polish–Lithuanian–Swedish War 8962:Polish–Lithuanian–Swedish War 8956:Polish–Lithuanian–Swedish War 8942:Polish-Lithuanian–Swedish War 8683:Mongol invasions of Lithuania 8657:Lithuanian wars and conflicts 8312:Ukrainian Canadian internment 6002:. MSN Encarta. Archived from 3593:. Boydell Press. p. 93. 3152:' defense minister reported.. 2496: 2132:Republic of Central Lithuania 2053:, to stage a mutiny with his 2043:Republic of Central Lithuania 901:global proletarian revolution 877:Armistice of 11 November 1918 821: 753:Republic of Central Lithuania 10905:War of the Bar Confederation 10900:War of the Polish Succession 9158:War of the Bar Confederation 8862:5th Muscovite–Lithuanian War 8856:4th Muscovite–Lithuanian War 8844:3rd Muscovite–Lithuanian War 8838:2nd Muscovite–Lithuanian War 8821:1st Muscovite–Lithuanian War 8467:Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement 7766:Estonian War of Independence 7441:Southern Palestine offensive 6365:Senn, Alfred Erich (1975) . 6208:Lithuania: Stepping Westward 3919:(258): 32–37. Archived from 3648:Sužiedėlis, Saulius (2011). 2287: 1456:was simply a German puppet. 1448:and newly elected President 1368:Polish Military Organisation 907:in the region, and join the 667:declared the capital of the 171:May 1919 – November 29, 1920 7: 11263:Russian invasion of Ukraine 11156:Częstochowa Ghetto uprising 10952:War of the Fourth Coalition 10604:campaign of Stephen Báthory 9086:Russo-Polish–Lithuanian War 8421:USA against Austria-Hungary 7820:Turkish War of Independence 7772:Latvian War of Independence 7504:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918 7095:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo 6429:Vilkelis, Gintaras (2006). 6393:(in Polish). Archived from 6346:Senn, Alfred Erich (1966). 6115:. Oxford University Press. 2418: 1036:Polish–Lithuanian relations 1004:Władysław Belina-Prażmowski 850:(if excluding its centre - 689:Lithuanian–Polish relations 483:Polish–Soviet War (1919–21) 10: 11352: 11241:Operation Uphold Democracy 10976:War of the Sixth Coalition 10964:War of the Fifth Coalition 10910:Polish–Russian War of 1792 10285:Warfare in Medieval Poland 10260:History of the Polish Army 9558:by the Soviet Union (1944) 9548:by the Soviet Union (1940) 9292:June Uprising in Lithuania 8721:Battle of the Vikhra River 8504:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk 8052:1899–1923 cholera pandemic 7519:Second Battle of the Marne 7406:Second battle of the Aisne 7275:Second Battle of Champagne 7116:German invasion of Belgium 6448:Wyszczelski, Lech (2008). 6235:(in Lithuanian). Vilnius: 6226:Lesčius, Vytautas (2004). 3423:Lopata, Raimundas (1993). 2804:Lerski, George J. (1996). 2616:Vitkus, Gediminas (2014). 2312:were broken off until the 2310:Lithuania–Poland relations 2207: 2092: 2030: 1968:, and Lithuanians, led by 1946: 1911: 1908:Battle of the Niemen River 1886:Battle of the Niemen River 1870:Battle of the Niemen River 1506:on October 5 and attacked 1409: 1340: 967:evacuated from Vilnius to 830: 623:between newly independent 417:264 dead (incomplete data) 112:in Sejny on 13 August 1919 11226: 11203: 11164: 11151:Białystok Ghetto uprising 11136: 11096: 11087: 11022: 10981:French invasion of Russia 10927: 10840: 10769: 10682: 10662:Northern War of 1655–1660 10589: 10580: 10516: 10444: 10435: 10398: 10338: 10329: 10291: 10247: 10241:Polish wars and conflicts 10171: 10062: 10007: 9998: 9917: 9908: 9871: 9756: 9747: 9678: 9669: 9658: 9613:Reform Movement (Sąjūdis) 9605: 9533: 9466: 9403: 9394: 9320: 9301: 9282: 9243: 9211:French invasion of Russia 9197: 9180: 9138: 8909: 8882:Northern Seven Years' War 8830: 8734: 8697: 8673: 8663: 8610: 8569: 8490: 8429: 8391: 8335: 8324: 8285:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo) 8228: 8200: 8148: 8070: 8044: 7996: 7889: 7882: 7814:Irish War of Independence 7710: 7592: 7564:Armistice of Villa Giusti 7549:Battle of Vittorio Veneto 7474: 7376: 7303: 7204: 7161:First Battle of the Marne 7108: 7070: 7005: 6996: 6939: 6813: 6802: 6768: 6740: 6702: 6654: 6607: 6600: 6527: 6414:. Yale University Press. 6298:Rauch, Georg von (1970). 6275:Łossowski, Piotr (1996). 6258:Łossowski, Piotr (1966). 6144:. Yale University Press. 3905:Mańczuk, Tadeusz (2003). 3753:Rozek, Edward J. (1989). 3441:10.1080/01629779300000241 3429:Journal of Baltic Studies 2509:Seibt, Ferdinand (1992). 2413:Soviet invasion of Poland 2376:Some historians, notably 2320:that mostly followed the 2144:Polish National Democracy 1641:launched the large-scale 1351:and formed a line on the 779:Conference of Ambassadors 669:restored Lithuanian state 649:Conference of Ambassadors 555: 468: 411: 290: 228: 163: 136:Cathedral Square, Vilnius 115:Polish cavalry parade in 105:Clockwise from top left: 40: 28: 23: 11069:Second Silesian Uprising 10386:1156 war against Germany 10383:1146 war against Germany 9896:Special Operations Force 9761:Administrative divisions 8665:Grand Duchy of Lithuania 8437:Constantinople Agreement 7730:Armenian–Azerbaijani War 7593:Co-belligerent conflicts 7569:Second Romanian campaign 7539:Third Transjordan attack 7250:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive 7156:Battle of Grand Couronné 6205:Lane, Thomas A. (2001). 6138:Borzęcki, Jerzy (2008). 3479:, pp. 351–352, 356. 2430: 2332:were under Polish rule. 621:aftermath of World War I 473:Greater Poland (1918–19) 11268:Military aid to Ukraine 11079:Third Silesian Uprising 11047:First Silesian Uprising 11042:Polish–Czechoslovak War 10811:Battle of Chocim (1673) 10789:Battle of Chocim (1621) 9628:Act of Re-Establishment 9486:Great Seimas of Vilnius 9117:Battle of Khotyn (1673) 9016:Battle of Khotyn (1621) 8500:Modus vivendi of Acroma 8452:Bulgaria–Germany treaty 7760:Greater Poland Uprising 7660:National Protection War 7544:Meuse–Argonne offensive 7494:German spring offensive 7489:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 7265:Siege of Novogeorgievsk 7240:Second Battle of Artois 7121:Battle of the Frontiers 4069:(XXIII). Archived from 3548:Engelgard, Jan (2010). 3291:. Pimlico. p. 50. 3063:Oxford University Press 3057:Böhler, Jochen (2018). 2061:and capture Vilnius in 1635:Ukrainian People's Army 1621:Diplomatic developments 1589:, which was successful 1539:Diplomatic developments 1486:and encroached towards 1243:Principal Allied Powers 1096:Diplomatic developments 885:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 498:Upper Silesia (1919–21) 134:The Lithuanian Army in 11146:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 11089:World War II in Poland 10749:Zebrzydowski rebellion 10732:Moldavian Magnate Wars 10699:Siege of Danzig (1577) 10102:Ethnographic Lithuania 9575:Second Soviet republic 8990:Zebrzydowski rebellion 8917:Moldavian Magnate Wars 8525:Paris Peace Conference 8513:Ukraine–Central Powers 8307:Massacres of Albanians 8275:Late Ottoman genocides 8082:Bulgarian occupations 7790:Third Anglo-Afghan War 7754:Hungarian–Romanian War 7579:Naval Victory Bulletin 7574:Armistice with Germany 7524:Hundred Days Offensive 7451:Battle of La Malmaison 7401:Second battle of Arras 7368:Battle of Transylvania 7222:Second Battle of Ypres 7090:Sarajevo assassination 6979:South African Republic 6094:Lietuvių enciklopedija 6063:Ready, J. Lee (1995). 4001:Buchowski, Stanisław. 3782:Lojkó, Miklós (2005). 3557:Niepodległość i Pamięć 2835:, pp. 41–46, 121. 2301: 2046: 1958: 1873: 1812: 1630: 1434:ethnographic Lithuania 1384:41st Infantry Regiment 1191:Paris Peace Conference 1155:Paris Peace Conference 1106:Konstantinas Olšauskas 872: 460:Second Polish Republic 291:Commanders and leaders 11291:Polish–Lithuanian War 11251:2003 invasion of Iraq 11179:Operation Ostra Brama 11074:Polish–Lithuanian War 10888:Battle of Berestechko 10616:War against Sigismund 10390:Galicia–Volhynia Wars 9513:Polish–Lithuanian War 9508:Lithuanian–Soviet War 9265:Polish–Lithuanian War 9259:Lithuanian–Soviet War 9078:Battle of Berestechko 8927:War against Sigismund 8705:Galicia–Volhynia Wars 8535:Treaty of St. Germain 8508:Russia–Central Powers 8462:Sykes–Picot Agreement 8290:Pontic Greek genocide 8265:Destruction of Kalisz 8241:Eastern Mediterranean 7802:Polish–Lithuanian War 7584:Armistice of Belgrade 7554:Armistice of Salonica 7484:Operation Faustschlag 7431:Third Battle of Oituz 7353:Baranovichi offensive 7321:Lake Naroch offensive 7295:Battle of Robat Karim 7270:Vistula–Bug offensive 7245:Battles of the Isonzo 7176:First Battle of Ypres 5948:Lietuvos valstybes... 3614:Endre Bojtár (1999). 2295: 2266:Augustinas Voldemaras 2040: 1966:Mieczysław Mackiewicz 1956: 1867: 1826:Mieczysław Mackiewicz 1810: 1785:Lithuanian neutrality 1628: 1567:Pavel Bermondt-Avalov 1563:German-Russian forces 1477:Military developments 1395:Sejny Priest Seminary 1270:Ignacy Jan Paderewski 1102:Augustinas Voldemaras 932:Augustinas Voldemaras 921:Lithuanian–Soviet War 913:Hungarian Revolutions 870: 863:Military developments 831:Further information: 827:Demographic situation 685:Lithuanian–Soviet War 613:Polish–Lithuanian War 547:Polish–Lithuanian War 488:Czechoslovakia (1919) 458:Establishment of the 412:Casualties and losses 150:5th Infantry Regiment 24:Polish–Lithuanian War 11032:Polish–Ukrainian War 10883:Khmelnytsky Uprising 10446:Polish–Teutonic wars 10255:Early modern warfare 10117:Monuments of Culture 10034:Ethnographic regions 9788:Constitutional Court 9585:Lithuanian partisans 9503:Wars of Independence 9312:Lithuanian partisans 9072:Khmelnytsky Uprising 8742:Samogitian uprisings 8530:Treaty of Versailles 8246:Mount Lebanon famine 8161:in the United States 8129:Russian occupations 7843:Turkish–Armenian War 7784:Polish–Ukrainian War 7724:Ukrainian–Soviet War 7671:Central Asian Revolt 7461:Armistice of Focșani 7191:Battle of Sarikamish 7141:Battle of Tannenberg 6537:Military engagements 6279:(in Polish). Warsaw. 6180:Lithuania: 700 Years 4399:, pp. 285, 287. 4055:Buchowski, Krzysztof 3948:, pp. 254, 257. 2592:. pp. 454–456. 2128:Silvestras Žukauskas 1545:Augustian Voldemaras 1454:Council of Lithuania 1366:The Sejny branch of 1313:, with exception of 1235:Council of Lithuania 1199:alliance with France 1174:, designated as the 965:Council of Lithuania 897:Imperial German Army 895:followed retreating 843:30% Polish speaking, 806:1939, following the 677:seized Vilnius again 665:Council of Lithuania 349:Silvestras Žukauskas 11129:during World War II 10915:Kościuszko Uprising 10879:1644 Tatar Invasion 10853:Fedorovych uprising 10844:1624 Tatar Invasion 10771:Polish–Ottoman wars 10723:1593 Tatar Invasion 10715:1589 Tatar Invasion 10692:Battle of Lubieszów 10621:Battle of Stångebro 10591:Polish–Swedish wars 10498:Thirteen Years' War 10368:Miecław's Rebellion 10343:Polish–Veletian War 10280:Polish Armed Forces 10248:General and related 9597:Government-in-exile 9498:Act of Independence 9169:Kościuszko Uprising 9068:1644 Tatar Invasion 9032:Fedorovych uprising 9022:1624 Tatar Invasion 8932:Battle of Stångebro 8790:Battle of Pabaiskas 8597:They shall not pass 8520:Treaty of Bucharest 8477:Treaty of Bucharest 8416:USA against Germany 8393:Declarations of war 8097:German occupations 8010:British casualties 7869:Soviet–Georgian War 7796:Egyptian Revolution 7736:Armeno-Georgian War 7600:Somaliland campaign 7559:Armistice of Mudros 7436:Battle of Caporetto 7426:Battle of Mărășești 7396:Zimmermann telegram 7391:February Revolution 7336:Battle of the Somme 7260:Bug-Narew Offensive 7235:Battle of Gallipoli 7227:Sinking of the RMS 7019:Scramble for Africa 7013:Franco-Prussian War 6669:Sinai and Palestine 6369:. Greenwood Press. 6026:, pp. 218–219. 6000:Collier's Year Book 5946:Alfred Erich Senn, 5707:, pp. 394–399. 5666:, pp. 385–386. 5654:, pp. 377–378. 5381:, pp. 349–350. 5289:, pp. 336–339. 4974:, pp. 319–321. 4798:, pp. 292–293. 4640:, pp. 289–290. 4520:Smele, Jon (2015). 4314:, pp. 280–281. 4275:, pp. 269–270. 3341:, pp. 137–138. 2862:, pp. 271–273. 2660:, pp. 110–111. 2478:recaptured the city 2415:in September 1939. 2324:, which meant that 2079:Żeligowski's Mutiny 2069:Free City of Danzig 2033:Żeligowski's Mutiny 2027:Żeligowski's Mutiny 1704:Territorial changes 1561:fought against the 1553:Frank Percy Crozier 1406:Polish coup attempt 1361:Mykolas Sleževičius 839:1897 Russian census 577:Żeligowski's Mutiny 565:Polish coup attempt 391:Mykolas Sleževičius 11256:Occupation of Iraq 11236:War in Afghanistan 11113:Invasion of Poland 11008:fighting in Poland 10929:Poland partitioned 10875:Ostryanyn uprising 10727:Nalyvaiko Uprising 10674:Great Northern War 10638:Battle of Kircholm 10531:Battle of Grotniki 10503:War of the Priests 10476:Battle of Grunwald 9954:Telecommunications 9618:Singing Revolution 9456:Lithuanian Crusade 9322:Restored Lithuania 9245:Interwar Lithuania 9229:Revolution of 1905 9146:Great Northern War 9063:Ostryanyn uprising 8982:Battle of Klushino 8948:Battle of Kircholm 8900:Nalyvaiko Uprising 8759:Battle of Grunwald 8748:Lithuanian Crusade 8688:Lithuanian Crusade 8557:Treaty of Lausanne 8472:Paris Economy Pact 8406:UK against Germany 8336:Entry into the war 8302:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan) 8021:Ottoman casualties 7831:Franco-Turkish War 7711:Post-War conflicts 7695:Russian Revolution 7677:Invasion of Darfur 7642:Kelantan rebellion 7630:Kurdish rebellions 7606:Mexican Revolution 7446:October Revolution 7411:Kerensky offensive 7386:Capture of Baghdad 7363:Monastir offensive 7348:Brusilov offensive 7186:Battle of Kolubara 7025:Russo-Japanese War 6237:Vilnius University 6050:The New York Times 5978:2016-10-11 at the 5966:miracle at Vistula 4510:, p. 101-102. 3065:. pp. 85–86. 2878:Ashgate Publishing 2764:, p. 263-264. 2752:, pp. 59, 63. 2302: 2083:self-determination 2047: 1959: 1874: 1841:Edward Rydz-Śmigły 1813: 1647:treaty of alliance 1631: 1591:on January 5, 1920 1527:Polish–Soviet War. 1426:Tadeusz Kasprzycki 1279:Antanas Kasakaitis 1122:Wiktor Sukiennicki 952:Polish Land Forces 879:. On November 13, 873: 589:November Offensive 403:Konstantinas Žukas 11316:Polish–Soviet War 11311:1920 in Lithuania 11301:1919 in Lithuania 11278: 11277: 11213:Racibórz Conflict 11205:People's Republic 11199: 11198: 11174:Operation Tempest 11052:Polish–Soviet War 10993:November Uprising 10969:Austro-Polish War 10957:Prussian campaign 10923: 10922: 10818:Great Turkish War 10759:Battle of Humenné 10754:Thirty Years' War 10742:Battle of Kłuszyn 10719:Kosiński uprising 10709:Battle of Byczyna 10576: 10575: 10488:Gollub War (1422) 10483:Hunger War (1414) 10431: 10430: 10421:Battle of Legnica 10372:1072 war against 10348:Battle of Cedynia 10207: 10206: 10167: 10166: 10029:Ethnic minorities 9994: 9993: 9904: 9903: 9841:Political parties 9800:Foreign relations 9743: 9742: 9656: 9655: 9493:Amber Declaration 9350: 9349: 9303:Soviet occupation 9217:November Uprising 9178: 9177: 9002:Battle of Humenné 8996:Thirty Years' War 8894:Kosiński uprising 8850:Glinski rebellion 8623: 8622: 8606: 8605: 8590:The Golden Virgin 8584:Mutilated victory 8565: 8564: 8545:Treaty of Trianon 8540:Treaty of Neuilly 8447:Damascus Protocol 8320: 8319: 8280:Armenian genocide 8237:Allied blockades 8209:Belgian refugees 7992: 7991: 7902:Strategic bombing 7878: 7877: 7863:Franco-Syrian War 7837:Greco-Turkish War 7825:Anglo-Turkish War 7808:Polish–Soviet War 7742:German Revolution 7718:Russian Civil War 7701:Finnish Civil War 7534:Battle of Megiddo 7509:Battle of Goychay 7456:Battle of Cambrai 7416:Battle of Mărăști 7331:Battle of Jutland 7311:Erzurum offensive 7166:Siege of Przemyśl 7146:Siege of Tsingtao 7131:Battle of Galicia 7061:Second Balkan War 7049:Italo-Turkish War 7006:Pre-War conflicts 6992: 6991: 6882:Portuguese Empire 6798: 6797: 6760:German New Guinea 6742:Asian and Pacific 6480:(in Lithuanian). 6459:978-83-11-11249-0 6330:978-0-8229-6308-0 6151:978-0-300-12121-6 5996:"1938: Lithuania" 5935:Alfred Erich Senn 5773:, pp. 76–77. 5754:978-0-19-922673-3 5731:, pp. 73–74. 5217:, pp. 70–71. 5036:, pp. 36–37. 4586:, pp. 72–73. 4533:978-1-4422-5280-6 4101:, pp. 56–57. 3872:, pp. 49–50. 3731:, p. 15, 17. 3661:978-0-8108-4914-3 3627:978-963-9116-42-9 3314:, pp. 44–45. 3214:978-0-8229-6308-0 3179:978-1-5017-5808-9 3112:, pp. 68–69. 2689:, pp. 41–46. 2677:, pp. 32–33. 2627:978-609-437-250-6 2599:978-5-420-01639-8 2405:ultimatum of 1938 2400:Concordat of 1925 2306:Central Lithuania 2282:Suwałki Agreement 2051:Lucjan Żeligowski 1949:Suwałki Agreement 1943:Suwałki Agreement 1901:League of Nations 1651:Władysław Grabski 1322:deeper eastward. 1297:Demarcation lines 1239:Versailles Treaty 1195:League of Nations 1176:temporary capital 917:Polish–Soviet War 837:According to the 769:Wilno Voivodeship 757:further offensive 749:Suwałki Agreement 737:Lucjan Żeligowski 730:flanking maneuver 722:Suwałki Agreement 653:League of Nations 645:Polish–Soviet War 606: 605: 584:October Offensive 511: 510: 478:Ukraine (1918–19) 424: 423: 331:Lucjan Żeligowski 262:Central Lithuania 224: 223: 143:Suwałki Agreement 35:Polish–Soviet War 11343: 11169:Italian Campaign 11138:Ghetto uprisings 11125:, and 11094: 11093: 11057:Battle of Warsaw 10998:January Uprising 10937:Denisko uprising 10870:Pavlyuk uprising 10848:Zhmaylo uprising 10828:Battle of Vienna 10687:Danzig rebellion 10587: 10586: 10464:Battle of Płowce 10442: 10441: 10437:Jagiellon Poland 10399:Mongol invasions 10336: 10335: 10321: 10309: 10300: 10234: 10227: 10220: 10211: 10210: 10187: 10180: 10092:Cultural regions 10087:Cultural history 10005: 10004: 9915: 9914: 9856: 9754: 9753: 9676: 9675: 9664: 9525:1926 coup d'état 9481:National Revival 9446:Christianization 9416:Lithuania proper 9401: 9400: 9377: 9370: 9363: 9354: 9353: 9223:January Uprising 9189: 9057:Pavlyuk uprising 9026:Zhmaylo uprising 8803:Crusade of Varna 8785:Battle of Ašmena 8671: 8670: 8650: 8643: 8636: 8627: 8626: 8550:Treaty of Sèvres 8442:Treaty of London 8333: 8332: 8111:Northeast France 8042: 8041: 8014:Parliamentarians 7947: 7946: 7909:Chemical weapons 7887: 7886: 7648:Senussi campaign 7618:Muscat rebellion 7612:Maritz rebellion 7529:Vardar offensive 7358:Battle of Romani 7326:Battle of Asiago 7316:Battle of Verdun 7280:Kosovo offensive 7055:First Balkan War 7003: 7002: 6902:Russian Republic 6811: 6810: 6605: 6604: 6547:Economic history 6514: 6507: 6500: 6491: 6490: 6485: 6473: 6463: 6444: 6425: 6401: 6400:on 3 March 2019. 6399: 6392: 6380: 6361: 6342: 6313: 6294: 6288: 6280: 6271: 6254: 6234: 6222: 6201: 6174: 6155: 6134: 6105: 6079: 6078: 6060: 6054: 6053: 6045: 6039: 6033: 6027: 6021: 6015: 6014: 6012: 6011: 5992: 5986: 5932: 5923: 5917: 5904: 5895: 5889: 5883: 5874: 5868: 5862: 5856: 5845: 5839: 5828: 5822: 5816: 5810: 5804: 5798: 5789: 5783: 5774: 5768: 5759: 5758: 5738: 5732: 5726: 5720: 5714: 5708: 5702: 5696: 5690: 5679: 5673: 5667: 5661: 5655: 5649: 5643: 5637: 5626: 5620: 5614: 5608: 5602: 5596: 5590: 5587:Wyszczelski 2008 5584: 5575: 5569: 5556: 5550: 5544: 5538: 5532: 5526: 5513: 5510:Wyszczelski 2008 5507: 5501: 5495: 5489: 5483: 5472: 5466: 5460: 5454: 5448: 5447: 5436: 5430: 5429: 5422:Łossowski, Piotr 5418: 5409: 5403: 5397: 5391: 5382: 5376: 5370: 5364: 5358: 5352: 5341: 5340: 5338: 5337: 5332:on July 23, 2011 5331: 5324: 5316: 5307: 5301: 5290: 5284: 5278: 5272: 5261: 5260: 5243:Łossowski, Piotr 5239: 5230: 5224: 5218: 5212: 5203: 5197: 5191: 5185: 5179: 5173: 5164: 5158: 5152: 5146: 5137: 5131: 5122: 5116: 5107: 5101: 5090: 5084: 5078: 5072: 5061: 5055: 5049: 5043: 5037: 5031: 5025: 5019: 5013: 5007: 4990: 4984: 4975: 4969: 4963: 4957: 4951: 4945: 4939: 4933: 4927: 4921: 4915: 4909: 4903: 4897: 4888: 4882: 4871: 4865: 4859: 4853: 4844: 4838: 4832: 4831: 4815: 4805: 4799: 4793: 4787: 4781: 4772: 4771: 4750: 4744: 4738: 4732: 4726: 4715: 4709: 4700: 4694: 4685: 4679: 4673: 4667: 4656: 4650: 4641: 4635: 4629: 4623: 4614: 4608: 4599: 4593: 4587: 4581: 4575: 4569: 4563: 4557: 4546: 4545: 4517: 4511: 4505: 4499: 4493: 4487: 4481: 4475: 4469: 4463: 4457: 4451: 4445: 4439: 4438:, p. 86-87. 4433: 4424: 4423:, p. 84-86. 4418: 4412: 4406: 4400: 4394: 4388: 4387: 4369: 4363: 4357: 4351: 4345: 4339: 4333: 4327: 4321: 4315: 4309: 4303: 4297: 4291: 4285: 4276: 4270: 4264: 4258: 4252: 4246: 4240: 4234: 4228: 4222: 4216: 4215:, p. 68-70. 4210: 4201: 4195: 4189: 4188:, p. 60-64. 4183: 4177: 4171: 4165: 4159: 4153: 4152:, p. 56-59. 4147: 4141: 4135: 4114: 4108: 4102: 4096: 4087: 4081: 4075: 4074: 4051: 4045: 4039: 4030: 4024: 4018: 4017: 4015: 4014: 3998: 3985: 3979: 3973: 3967: 3961: 3955: 3949: 3943: 3937: 3931: 3925: 3924: 3902: 3885: 3879: 3873: 3867: 3856: 3850: 3841: 3835: 3826: 3820: 3814: 3813:, p. 18-19. 3808: 3802: 3801: 3779: 3773: 3772: 3750: 3744: 3738: 3732: 3726: 3720: 3714: 3708: 3702: 3693: 3687: 3681: 3675: 3666: 3665: 3645: 3639: 3638: 3636: 3634: 3611: 3605: 3604: 3600:9781-843-83840-1 3586: 3580: 3574: 3565: 3564: 3554: 3545: 3536: 3530: 3524: 3518: 3507: 3501: 3495: 3489: 3480: 3474: 3468: 3467:, p. 13-14. 3462: 3453: 3452: 3420: 3411: 3405: 3390: 3384: 3378: 3372: 3366: 3360: 3354: 3348: 3342: 3336: 3327: 3324:Wyszczelski 2008 3321: 3315: 3309: 3303: 3302: 3281: 3275: 3269: 3263: 3260:Wyszczelski 2008 3257: 3251: 3245: 3239: 3233: 3227: 3226: 3198: 3192: 3191: 3159: 3153: 3143: 3137: 3131: 3125: 3119: 3113: 3107: 3101: 3095: 3089: 3083: 3077: 3076: 3054: 3048: 3042: 3036: 3030: 3024: 3023: 3003: 2997: 2996: 2984: 2978: 2972: 2963: 2962: 2955: 2949: 2948: 2941: 2935: 2934: 2917:Łossowski, Piotr 2913: 2907: 2902: 2898: 2892: 2891: 2869: 2863: 2857: 2848: 2842: 2836: 2830: 2824: 2823: 2801: 2795: 2789: 2780: 2774: 2765: 2759: 2753: 2747: 2741: 2740:, p. xxvii. 2735: 2729: 2723: 2717: 2711: 2705: 2699: 2690: 2684: 2678: 2672: 2661: 2655: 2649: 2643: 2632: 2631: 2613: 2604: 2603: 2581: 2575: 2569: 2554: 2553: 2533: 2527: 2526: 2506: 2490: 2487: 2481: 2462: 2456: 2441: 2318:demarcation line 2222:and Giedraičiai– 2113: 2017: 1897:Eustachy Sapieha 1817:Battle of Warsaw 1584: 1528: 1513: 1438:Kazys Ališauskas 1392: 1303:demarcation line 1287: 1208:in July 1920 by 1141: 1133:Raimundas Lopata 1130: 1072: 1026: 1018:Jerzy Osmołowski 962: 946:waiting for the 905:Soviet republics 844: 812:Soviet ultimatum 805: 713:Battle of Warsaw 683:fighting in the 675:The Polish Army 674: 550: 548: 538: 531: 524: 515: 514: 503:Lithuania (1920) 463: 462: 450: 443: 436: 427: 426: 401: 400: 389: 388: 377: 376: 368: 359: 358: 347: 346: 329: 328: 317: 316: 305: 304: 280: 279: 264: 260: 258: 257: 249: 245: 243: 242: 200:§ Aftermath 196:Polish victory ( 165: 164: 99: 90: 79: 70: 59: 50: 21: 20: 11351: 11350: 11346: 11345: 11344: 11342: 11341: 11340: 11281: 11280: 11279: 11274: 11222: 11195: 11189:Warsaw Uprising 11160: 11132: 11083: 11024:Second Republic 11018: 10942:Napoleonic Wars 10919: 10836: 10765: 10678: 10572: 10558:Battle of Orsha 10541:Battle of Varna 10512: 10427: 10394: 10379:Siege of Głogów 10325: 10324: 10313: 10289: 10243: 10238: 10208: 10203: 10190: 10183: 10176: 10163: 10132:Public holidays 10058: 9990: 9900: 9867: 9854: 9822:Law enforcement 9739: 9665: 9652: 9601: 9553:by Nazi Germany 9535: 9529: 9468: 9462: 9421:Lithuania Minor 9390: 9381: 9351: 9346: 9316: 9297: 9278: 9273:Klaipėda Revolt 9239: 9205:Napoleonic Wars 9193: 9192: 9174: 9134: 8905: 8826: 8809:Battle of Varna 8730: 8693: 8659: 8654: 8624: 8619: 8602: 8561: 8493: 8486: 8457:Treaty of Darin 8425: 8387: 8343:Austria-Hungary 8329: 8316: 8297:Rape of Belgium 8224: 8196: 8144: 8138:Western Armenia 8133:Eastern Galicia 8066: 8040: 8004: 8003:Civilian impact 8002: 7988: 7945: 7874: 7706: 7636:Ovambo Uprising 7588: 7470: 7372: 7299: 7217:Battle of Łomża 7200: 7196:Christmas truce 7171:Race to the Sea 7104: 7066: 6988: 6959:Austria-Hungary 6935: 6870:Empire of Japan 6807: 6805: 6794: 6778:U-boat campaign 6764: 6736: 6698: 6650: 6596: 6577:Popular culture 6523: 6518: 6488: 6471: 6460: 6450:Wilno 1919-1920 6441: 6422: 6406:Snyder, Timothy 6397: 6390: 6377: 6331: 6310: 6282: 6281: 6251: 6232: 6219: 6190: 6171: 6152: 6123: 6087: 6082: 6075: 6061: 6057: 6046: 6042: 6034: 6030: 6022: 6018: 6009: 6007: 5994: 5993: 5989: 5980:Wayback Machine 5971:Jonas Rudokas, 5970: 5962:, t.3, p. 417: 5954: 5945: 5933: 5926: 5918: 5907: 5896: 5892: 5884: 5877: 5869: 5865: 5857: 5848: 5840: 5831: 5823: 5819: 5811: 5807: 5799: 5792: 5784: 5777: 5769: 5762: 5755: 5739: 5735: 5727: 5723: 5715: 5711: 5703: 5699: 5693:Ališauskas 1968 5691: 5682: 5674: 5670: 5662: 5658: 5650: 5646: 5638: 5629: 5621: 5617: 5609: 5605: 5597: 5593: 5585: 5578: 5572:Ališauskas 1968 5570: 5559: 5551: 5547: 5539: 5535: 5527: 5516: 5508: 5504: 5496: 5492: 5484: 5475: 5467: 5463: 5455: 5451: 5440:Čepėnas, Pranas 5437: 5433: 5419: 5412: 5404: 5400: 5392: 5385: 5377: 5373: 5365: 5361: 5353: 5344: 5335: 5333: 5329: 5322: 5318: 5317: 5310: 5302: 5293: 5285: 5281: 5273: 5264: 5257: 5240: 5233: 5225: 5221: 5213: 5206: 5198: 5194: 5186: 5182: 5174: 5167: 5159: 5155: 5147: 5140: 5132: 5125: 5117: 5110: 5102: 5093: 5085: 5081: 5073: 5064: 5056: 5052: 5044: 5040: 5032: 5028: 5020: 5016: 5010:Ališauskas 1968 5008: 4993: 4985: 4978: 4970: 4966: 4958: 4954: 4946: 4942: 4934: 4930: 4922: 4918: 4910: 4906: 4898: 4891: 4883: 4874: 4866: 4862: 4854: 4847: 4839: 4835: 4828: 4806: 4802: 4794: 4790: 4782: 4775: 4768: 4754:Čepėnas, Pranas 4751: 4747: 4739: 4735: 4727: 4718: 4710: 4703: 4695: 4688: 4680: 4676: 4668: 4659: 4651: 4644: 4636: 4632: 4624: 4617: 4609: 4602: 4594: 4590: 4582: 4578: 4570: 4566: 4558: 4549: 4534: 4518: 4514: 4506: 4502: 4494: 4490: 4482: 4478: 4470: 4466: 4458: 4454: 4446: 4442: 4434: 4427: 4419: 4415: 4407: 4403: 4395: 4391: 4384: 4370: 4366: 4358: 4354: 4346: 4342: 4334: 4330: 4322: 4318: 4310: 4306: 4298: 4294: 4286: 4279: 4271: 4267: 4259: 4255: 4247: 4243: 4235: 4231: 4223: 4219: 4211: 4204: 4196: 4192: 4184: 4180: 4172: 4168: 4160: 4156: 4148: 4144: 4138:Ališauskas 1968 4136: 4117: 4109: 4105: 4097: 4090: 4082: 4078: 4052: 4048: 4040: 4033: 4025: 4021: 4012: 4010: 3999: 3988: 3980: 3976: 3968: 3964: 3956: 3952: 3944: 3940: 3932: 3928: 3903: 3888: 3880: 3876: 3868: 3859: 3851: 3844: 3836: 3829: 3821: 3817: 3809: 3805: 3798: 3790:. p. 259. 3780: 3776: 3769: 3751: 3747: 3739: 3735: 3727: 3723: 3715: 3711: 3703: 3696: 3688: 3684: 3676: 3669: 3662: 3646: 3642: 3632: 3630: 3628: 3612: 3608: 3601: 3587: 3583: 3575: 3568: 3552: 3546: 3539: 3531: 3527: 3519: 3510: 3502: 3498: 3490: 3483: 3475: 3471: 3463: 3456: 3421: 3414: 3406: 3393: 3385: 3381: 3373: 3369: 3361: 3357: 3349: 3345: 3337: 3330: 3322: 3318: 3310: 3306: 3299: 3282: 3278: 3270: 3266: 3258: 3254: 3246: 3242: 3234: 3230: 3215: 3199: 3195: 3180: 3172:. p. 112. 3160: 3156: 3144: 3140: 3132: 3128: 3120: 3116: 3108: 3104: 3096: 3092: 3084: 3080: 3073: 3055: 3051: 3043: 3039: 3031: 3027: 3020: 3004: 3000: 2985: 2981: 2973: 2966: 2957: 2956: 2952: 2943: 2942: 2938: 2931: 2914: 2910: 2900: 2899: 2895: 2888: 2870: 2866: 2858: 2851: 2845:Sužiedėlis 2011 2843: 2839: 2831: 2827: 2820: 2812:. p. 630. 2810:Greenwood Press 2802: 2798: 2790: 2783: 2775: 2768: 2760: 2756: 2748: 2744: 2738:Sužiedėlis 2011 2736: 2732: 2724: 2720: 2712: 2708: 2700: 2693: 2685: 2681: 2673: 2664: 2656: 2652: 2644: 2635: 2628: 2614: 2607: 2600: 2582: 2578: 2570: 2557: 2534: 2530: 2523: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2494: 2493: 2488: 2484: 2463: 2459: 2442: 2438: 2433: 2421: 2367:Klaipėda Region 2290: 2261:Szymon Askenazy 2248: 2212: 2201:and threatened 2179:Stasys Nastopka 2165:on October 13, 2161:on October 11, 2157:on October 10, 2107: 2097: 2091: 2035: 2029: 2024: 2011: 1999:(Orany) on the 1973:Maksimas Katche 1951: 1945: 1916: 1914:Battle of Sejny 1910: 1878:Juozas Purickis 1862: 1805: 1800: 1787: 1706: 1623: 1618: 1578: 1576:Ludwig Zimmerle 1541: 1526: 1511: 1479: 1474: 1422:Leon Wasilewski 1414: 1408: 1386: 1345: 1339: 1299: 1294: 1281: 1274:Józef Piłsudski 1231:Lithuanian Jews 1187:Fourteen Points 1157:. Oppositional 1135: 1124: 1098: 1070: 1020: 988:western Belarus 960: 936:Lithuanian Army 865: 842: 835: 829: 824: 803: 745:Józef Piłsudski 718:Battle of Sejny 681:Lithuanian Army 672: 609: 608: 607: 602: 551: 546: 544: 542: 512: 507: 464: 457: 456: 454: 407: 395: 383: 379:Antanas Smetona 371: 361:Stasys Nastopka 353: 341: 335: 323: 319:Adam Nieniewski 311: 307:Józef Piłsudski 299: 286: 274: 268: 255: 253: 240: 238: 209: 188: 159: 148:The Lithuanian 122:Antanas Smetona 110:Józef Piłsudski 104: 103: 102: 101: 100: 92: 91: 82: 81: 80: 72: 71: 62: 61: 60: 52: 51: 17: 12: 11: 5: 11349: 11339: 11338: 11333: 11328: 11323: 11318: 11313: 11308: 11306:1920 in Poland 11303: 11298: 11296:1919 in Poland 11293: 11276: 11275: 11273: 11272: 11271: 11270: 11260: 11259: 11258: 11253: 11243: 11238: 11232: 11230: 11228:Third Republic 11224: 11223: 11221: 11220: 11215: 11209: 11207: 11201: 11200: 11197: 11196: 11194: 11193: 11192: 11191: 11186: 11181: 11171: 11165: 11162: 11161: 11159: 11158: 11153: 11148: 11142: 11140: 11134: 11133: 11131: 11130: 11115: 11110: 11109: 11108: 11097: 11091: 11085: 11084: 11082: 11081: 11076: 11071: 11066: 11065: 11064: 11062:Kiev offensive 11059: 11049: 11044: 11039: 11034: 11028: 11026: 11020: 11019: 11017: 11016: 11015: 11014: 11000: 10995: 10990: 10985: 10984: 10983: 10973: 10972: 10971: 10961: 10960: 10959: 10949: 10947:Peninsular War 10944: 10939: 10933: 10931: 10925: 10924: 10921: 10920: 10918: 10917: 10912: 10907: 10902: 10897: 10892: 10891: 10890: 10880: 10877: 10872: 10867: 10866: 10865: 10855: 10850: 10845: 10841: 10838: 10837: 10835: 10834: 10833: 10832: 10831: 10830: 10815: 10814: 10813: 10803: 10798: 10793: 10792: 10791: 10781: 10775: 10773: 10767: 10766: 10764: 10763: 10762: 10761: 10751: 10746: 10745: 10744: 10734: 10729: 10724: 10721: 10716: 10713: 10712: 10711: 10701: 10696: 10695: 10694: 10683: 10680: 10679: 10677: 10676: 10671: 10670: 10669: 10659: 10658: 10657: 10652: 10647: 10642: 10641: 10640: 10625: 10624: 10623: 10613: 10608: 10607: 10606: 10595: 10593: 10584: 10578: 10577: 10574: 10573: 10571: 10570: 10567: 10562: 10561: 10560: 10550: 10545: 10544: 10543: 10533: 10528: 10523: 10517: 10514: 10513: 10511: 10510: 10505: 10500: 10495: 10490: 10485: 10480: 10479: 10478: 10468: 10467: 10466: 10456: 10450: 10448: 10439: 10433: 10432: 10429: 10428: 10426: 10425: 10424: 10423: 10413: 10408: 10402: 10400: 10396: 10395: 10393: 10392: 10387: 10384: 10381: 10376: 10370: 10365: 10360: 10355: 10350: 10345: 10339: 10333: 10327: 10326: 10323: 10322: 10311: 10310: 10302: 10301: 10293: 10292: 10290: 10288: 10287: 10282: 10277: 10272: 10267: 10262: 10257: 10251: 10249: 10245: 10244: 10237: 10236: 10229: 10222: 10214: 10205: 10204: 10202: 10201: 10196: 10189: 10188: 10181: 10173: 10172: 10169: 10168: 10165: 10164: 10162: 10161: 10160: 10159: 10154: 10149: 10139: 10134: 10129: 10124: 10119: 10114: 10109: 10104: 10099: 10094: 10089: 10084: 10079: 10074: 10068: 10066: 10060: 10059: 10057: 10056: 10051: 10046: 10041: 10036: 10031: 10026: 10025: 10024: 10014: 10008: 10002: 9996: 9995: 9992: 9991: 9989: 9988: 9983: 9982: 9981: 9976: 9971: 9966: 9956: 9951: 9946: 9941: 9936: 9935: 9934: 9924: 9918: 9912: 9906: 9905: 9902: 9901: 9899: 9898: 9893: 9888: 9883: 9877: 9875: 9869: 9868: 9866: 9865: 9864: 9863: 9848: 9843: 9838: 9837: 9836: 9826: 9825: 9824: 9814: 9813: 9812: 9810:Prime Minister 9802: 9797: 9792: 9791: 9790: 9780: 9779: 9778: 9773: 9771:municipalities 9768: 9757: 9751: 9745: 9744: 9741: 9740: 9738: 9737: 9732: 9727: 9722: 9720:Regional parks 9717: 9712: 9707: 9702: 9700:Extreme points 9697: 9692: 9691: 9690: 9679: 9673: 9667: 9666: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9653: 9651: 9650: 9645: 9640: 9638:January Events 9635: 9630: 9625: 9620: 9615: 9609: 9607: 9603: 9602: 9600: 9599: 9594: 9589: 9588: 9587: 9577: 9572: 9567: 9562: 9561: 9560: 9555: 9550: 9539: 9537: 9531: 9530: 9528: 9527: 9522: 9517: 9516: 9515: 9510: 9500: 9495: 9490: 9489: 9488: 9478: 9472: 9470: 9464: 9463: 9461: 9460: 9459: 9458: 9453: 9448: 9443: 9438: 9433: 9423: 9418: 9413: 9407: 9405: 9398: 9392: 9391: 9380: 9379: 9372: 9365: 9357: 9348: 9347: 9345: 9344: 9338: 9333: 9327: 9325: 9318: 9317: 9315: 9314: 9308: 9306: 9299: 9298: 9296: 9295: 9288: 9286: 9280: 9279: 9277: 9276: 9270: 9269: 9268: 9262: 9250: 9248: 9241: 9240: 9238: 9237: 9231: 9226: 9220: 9214: 9208: 9201: 9199: 9195: 9194: 9191: 9190: 9182: 9181: 9179: 9176: 9175: 9173: 9172: 9166: 9161: 9155: 9149: 9142: 9140: 9136: 9135: 9133: 9132: 9127: 9121: 9120: 9119: 9108: 9102: 9101: 9100: 9089: 9083: 9082: 9081: 9069: 9066: 9060: 9054: 9048: 9047: 9046: 9035: 9029: 9023: 9020: 9019: 9018: 9007: 9006: 9005: 8993: 8987: 8986: 8985: 8973: 8972: 8971: 8965: 8959: 8953: 8952: 8951: 8936: 8935: 8934: 8924: 8919: 8913: 8911: 8907: 8906: 8904: 8903: 8897: 8891: 8885: 8879: 8878: 8877: 8865: 8859: 8853: 8847: 8841: 8834: 8832: 8828: 8827: 8825: 8824: 8818: 8813: 8812: 8811: 8800: 8794: 8793: 8792: 8787: 8777: 8776: 8775: 8769: 8763: 8762: 8761: 8745: 8738: 8736: 8732: 8731: 8729: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8701: 8699: 8695: 8694: 8692: 8691: 8685: 8679: 8677: 8668: 8661: 8660: 8653: 8652: 8645: 8638: 8630: 8621: 8620: 8618: 8617: 8611: 8608: 8607: 8604: 8603: 8601: 8600: 8593: 8586: 8581: 8573: 8571: 8567: 8566: 8563: 8562: 8560: 8559: 8554: 8553: 8552: 8547: 8542: 8537: 8532: 8522: 8517: 8516: 8515: 8510: 8502: 8496: 8494: 8492:Peace treaties 8491: 8488: 8487: 8485: 8484: 8479: 8474: 8469: 8464: 8459: 8454: 8449: 8444: 8439: 8433: 8431: 8427: 8426: 8424: 8423: 8418: 8413: 8408: 8403: 8397: 8395: 8389: 8388: 8386: 8385: 8380: 8378:United Kingdom 8375: 8370: 8368:Ottoman Empire 8365: 8360: 8355: 8350: 8345: 8339: 8337: 8330: 8325: 8322: 8321: 8318: 8317: 8315: 8314: 8309: 8304: 8299: 8294: 8293: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8272: 8270:Sack of Dinant 8267: 8262: 8257: 8256: 8255: 8250: 8249: 8248: 8234: 8232: 8226: 8225: 8223: 8222: 8221: 8220: 8218:United Kingdom 8215: 8206: 8204: 8198: 8197: 8195: 8194: 8193: 8192: 8187: 8178: 8172:POW locations 8170: 8165: 8164: 8163: 8154: 8152: 8146: 8145: 8143: 8142: 8141: 8140: 8135: 8127: 8122: 8121: 8120: 8113: 8108: 8103: 8095: 8094: 8093: 8088: 8080: 8074: 8072: 8068: 8067: 8065: 8064: 8059: 8054: 8048: 8046: 8039: 8038: 8037: 8036: 8031: 8023: 8018: 8017: 8016: 8007: 8005: 7997: 7994: 7993: 7990: 7989: 7987: 7986: 7981: 7980: 7979: 7972:United Kingdom 7969: 7967:Ottoman Empire 7964: 7959: 7953: 7951: 7944: 7943: 7941:Trench warfare 7938: 7937: 7936: 7926: 7921: 7916: 7911: 7906: 7905: 7904: 7893: 7891: 7884: 7880: 7879: 7876: 7875: 7873: 7872: 7866: 7860: 7854: 7848: 7847: 7846: 7840: 7834: 7828: 7817: 7811: 7805: 7799: 7793: 7787: 7781: 7775: 7769: 7763: 7757: 7751: 7745: 7739: 7733: 7727: 7721: 7714: 7712: 7708: 7707: 7705: 7704: 7698: 7692: 7686: 7680: 7674: 7668: 7662: 7657: 7654:Volta-Bani War 7651: 7645: 7639: 7633: 7627: 7621: 7615: 7609: 7603: 7596: 7594: 7590: 7589: 7587: 7586: 7581: 7576: 7571: 7566: 7561: 7556: 7551: 7546: 7541: 7536: 7531: 7526: 7521: 7516: 7511: 7506: 7501: 7499:Zeebrugge Raid 7496: 7491: 7486: 7480: 7478: 7472: 7471: 7469: 7468: 7463: 7458: 7453: 7448: 7443: 7438: 7433: 7428: 7423: 7418: 7413: 7408: 7403: 7398: 7393: 7388: 7382: 7380: 7374: 7373: 7371: 7370: 7365: 7360: 7355: 7350: 7345: 7344: 7343: 7333: 7328: 7323: 7318: 7313: 7307: 7305: 7301: 7300: 7298: 7297: 7292: 7290:Battle of Loos 7287: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7208: 7206: 7202: 7201: 7199: 7198: 7193: 7188: 7183: 7181:Black Sea raid 7178: 7173: 7168: 7163: 7158: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7112: 7110: 7106: 7105: 7103: 7102: 7097: 7092: 7087: 7086: 7085: 7083:Historiography 7074: 7072: 7068: 7067: 7065: 7064: 7058: 7052: 7046: 7040: 7037:Bosnian Crisis 7034: 7031:Tangier Crisis 7028: 7022: 7016: 7009: 7007: 7000: 6994: 6993: 6990: 6989: 6987: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6966: 6964:Ottoman Empire 6961: 6956: 6951: 6945: 6943: 6941:Central Powers 6937: 6936: 6934: 6933: 6928: 6927: 6926: 6924:British Empire 6919:United Kingdom 6916: 6911: 6906: 6905: 6904: 6899: 6897:Russian Empire 6889: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6873: 6872: 6862: 6857: 6852: 6851: 6850: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6819: 6817: 6815:Entente Powers 6808: 6803: 6800: 6799: 6796: 6795: 6793: 6792: 6787: 6786: 6785: 6783:North Atlantic 6774: 6772: 6766: 6765: 6763: 6762: 6757: 6752: 6746: 6744: 6738: 6737: 6735: 6734: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6714: 6708: 6706: 6700: 6699: 6697: 6696: 6694:Central Arabia 6691: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6660: 6658: 6656:Middle Eastern 6652: 6651: 6649: 6648: 6643: 6642: 6641: 6631: 6626: 6625: 6624: 6613: 6611: 6602: 6598: 6597: 6595: 6594: 6589: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6557:Historiography 6554: 6549: 6544: 6539: 6534: 6528: 6525: 6524: 6517: 6516: 6509: 6502: 6494: 6487: 6486: 6464: 6458: 6445: 6439: 6426: 6420: 6402: 6381: 6375: 6362: 6343: 6329: 6314: 6308: 6295: 6272: 6255: 6249: 6223: 6217: 6202: 6188: 6175: 6169: 6156: 6150: 6135: 6121: 6106: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6080: 6073: 6055: 6040: 6038:, p. 146. 6028: 6016: 5987: 5924: 5905: 5890: 5875: 5873:, p. 102. 5863: 5846: 5844:, p. 403. 5829: 5827:, p. 402. 5817: 5805: 5790: 5775: 5760: 5753: 5733: 5721: 5709: 5697: 5695:, p. 104. 5680: 5678:, p. 386. 5668: 5656: 5644: 5627: 5625:, p. 369. 5615: 5613:, p. 368. 5603: 5601:, p. 366. 5591: 5589:, p. 269. 5576: 5574:, p. 103. 5557: 5555:, p. 365. 5545: 5543:, p. 357. 5533: 5514: 5512:, p. 261. 5502: 5500:, p. 355. 5490: 5488:, p. 351. 5473: 5471:, p. 140. 5461: 5459:, p. 260. 5449: 5431: 5410: 5408:, p. 377. 5398: 5383: 5371: 5359: 5342: 5308: 5291: 5279: 5277:, p. 345. 5262: 5255: 5231: 5219: 5204: 5192: 5190:, p. 344. 5180: 5165: 5163:, p. 329. 5153: 5151:, p. 106. 5138: 5136:, p. 330. 5123: 5121:, p. 324. 5108: 5091: 5089:, p. 321. 5079: 5062: 5060:, p. 320. 5050: 5038: 5026: 5014: 5012:, p. 102. 4991: 4976: 4964: 4962:, p. 318. 4952: 4950:, p. 317. 4940: 4938:, p. 314. 4928: 4926:, p. 311. 4916: 4914:, p. 307. 4904: 4902:, p. 305. 4889: 4887:, p. 304. 4872: 4870:, p. 301. 4860: 4845: 4833: 4826: 4800: 4788: 4773: 4766: 4745: 4733: 4731:, p. 299. 4716: 4714:, p. 101. 4701: 4686: 4684:, p. 144. 4674: 4657: 4655:, p. 291. 4642: 4630: 4628:, p. 298. 4615: 4613:, p. 297. 4600: 4588: 4576: 4574:, p. 289. 4564: 4547: 4532: 4512: 4508:Łossowski 1996 4500: 4498:, p. 101. 4496:Łossowski 1996 4488: 4486:, p. 100. 4484:Łossowski 1996 4476: 4472:Łossowski 1996 4464: 4460:Łossowski 1996 4452: 4448:Łossowski 1996 4440: 4436:Łossowski 1996 4425: 4421:Łossowski 1996 4413: 4409:Łossowski 1996 4401: 4389: 4382: 4364: 4360:Łossowski 1996 4352: 4350:, p. 284. 4340: 4336:Łossowski 1996 4328: 4326:, p. 280. 4316: 4304: 4300:Łossowski 1996 4292: 4288:Łossowski 1996 4277: 4265: 4261:Łossowski 1996 4253: 4251:, p. 149. 4241: 4237:Łossowski 1996 4229: 4227:, p. 268. 4217: 4213:Łossowski 1996 4202: 4200:, p. 267. 4190: 4186:Łossowski 1996 4178: 4176:, p. 148. 4166: 4162:Łossowski 1996 4154: 4150:Łossowski 1996 4142: 4140:, p. 101. 4115: 4103: 4099:Łossowski 1966 4088: 4086:, p. 261. 4076: 4073:on 2007-09-27. 4046: 4044:, p. 277. 4031: 4027:Łossowski 1996 4019: 3986: 3984:, p. 272. 3974: 3972:, p. 258. 3962: 3958:Łossowski 1966 3950: 3938: 3936:, p. 134. 3926: 3923:on 2007-12-23. 3886: 3884:, p. 254. 3874: 3870:Łossowski 1966 3857: 3842: 3838:Łossowski 1996 3827: 3815: 3803: 3796: 3774: 3767: 3761:. p. 18. 3759:Westview Press 3745: 3733: 3721: 3717:Łossowski 1996 3709: 3705:Łossowski 1996 3694: 3682: 3680:, p. 166. 3667: 3660: 3640: 3626: 3606: 3599: 3581: 3566: 3537: 3525: 3508: 3506:, p. 356. 3496: 3494:, p. 349. 3481: 3469: 3454: 3435:(4): 349–358. 3412: 3408:Łossowski 1996 3391: 3387:Łossowski 1996 3379: 3375:Łossowski 1966 3367: 3363:Łossowski 1966 3355: 3351:Łossowski 1966 3343: 3328: 3326:, p. 160. 3316: 3312:Łossowski 1996 3304: 3297: 3285:Davies, Norman 3276: 3272:Łossowski 1996 3264: 3252: 3240: 3228: 3213: 3193: 3178: 3154: 3138: 3126: 3114: 3102: 3090: 3078: 3072:978-0198794486 3071: 3049: 3047:, p. 245. 3037: 3025: 3018: 2998: 2979: 2964: 2950: 2936: 2929: 2908: 2893: 2886: 2864: 2849: 2847:, p. 319. 2837: 2833:Łossowski 1996 2825: 2818: 2796: 2794:, p. 247. 2781: 2777:Łossowski 1996 2766: 2762:Budreckis 1963 2754: 2742: 2730: 2718: 2706: 2704:, p. 252. 2691: 2687:Łossowski 1996 2679: 2675:Łossowski 1996 2662: 2650: 2648:, p. 137. 2633: 2626: 2605: 2598: 2576: 2574:, p. 136. 2555: 2528: 2521: 2500: 2498: 2495: 2492: 2491: 2482: 2457: 2435: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2428: 2427: 2420: 2417: 2378:Alfred E. Senn 2330:Suwałki region 2289: 2286: 2256:Léon Bourgeois 2247: 2244: 2208:Main article: 2093:Main article: 2090: 2087: 2031:Main article: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2020: 1947:Main article: 1944: 1941: 1912:Main article: 1909: 1906: 1861: 1858: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1796: 1786: 1783: 1752:Lithuanian SSR 1705: 1702: 1682:Vilnius Region 1659:Spa Conference 1645:following the 1643:Kiev offensive 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1540: 1537: 1492:Šventoji River 1478: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1466:state of siege 1410:Main article: 1407: 1404: 1343:Sejny Uprising 1341:Main article: 1338: 1337:Sejny Uprising 1335: 1327:Ferdinand Foch 1311:Suwałki region 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1258:Polish Legions 1183:Woodrow Wilson 1118:Pranas Čepėnas 1114:Alfred E. Senn 1097: 1094: 1078:Suwałki region 887:and began the 883:renounced the 864: 861: 848:Vilnius county 828: 825: 823: 820: 726:Suwałki region 691:worsened, the 619:fought in the 617:undeclared war 604: 603: 601: 600: 586: 580: 579: 573: 572: 567: 562: 556: 553: 552: 541: 540: 533: 526: 518: 509: 508: 506: 505: 500: 495: 490: 485: 480: 475: 469: 466: 465: 453: 452: 445: 438: 430: 422: 421: 418: 414: 413: 409: 408: 406: 405: 393: 381: 369: 351: 338: 336: 334: 333: 321: 309: 296: 293: 292: 288: 287: 285: 284: 271: 269: 267: 266: 250: 234: 231: 230: 226: 225: 222: 221: 211: 205: 204: 194: 190: 189: 179: 177: 173: 172: 169: 161: 160: 158: 157: 146: 145:, October 1920 139: 132: 119: 113: 106: 94: 93: 85: 84: 83: 74: 73: 65: 64: 63: 54: 53: 45: 44: 43: 42: 41: 38: 37: 26: 25: 19: 18: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11348: 11337: 11334: 11332: 11329: 11327: 11324: 11322: 11319: 11317: 11314: 11312: 11309: 11307: 11304: 11302: 11299: 11297: 11294: 11292: 11289: 11288: 11286: 11269: 11266: 11265: 11264: 11261: 11257: 11254: 11252: 11249: 11248: 11247: 11244: 11242: 11239: 11237: 11234: 11233: 11231: 11229: 11225: 11219: 11216: 11214: 11211: 11210: 11208: 11206: 11202: 11190: 11187: 11185: 11184:Lwów uprising 11182: 11180: 11177: 11176: 11175: 11172: 11170: 11167: 11166: 11163: 11157: 11154: 11152: 11149: 11147: 11144: 11143: 11141: 11139: 11135: 11128: 11127:contributions 11124: 11120: 11116: 11114: 11111: 11107: 11106:Eastern Front 11104: 11103: 11102: 11099: 11098: 11095: 11092: 11090: 11086: 11080: 11077: 11075: 11072: 11070: 11067: 11063: 11060: 11058: 11055: 11054: 11053: 11050: 11048: 11045: 11043: 11040: 11038: 11035: 11033: 11030: 11029: 11027: 11025: 11021: 11013: 11012:Eastern Front 11009: 11006: 11005: 11004: 11001: 10999: 10996: 10994: 10991: 10989: 10986: 10982: 10979: 10978: 10977: 10974: 10970: 10967: 10966: 10965: 10962: 10958: 10955: 10954: 10953: 10950: 10948: 10945: 10943: 10940: 10938: 10935: 10934: 10932: 10930: 10926: 10916: 10913: 10911: 10908: 10906: 10903: 10901: 10898: 10896: 10893: 10889: 10886: 10885: 10884: 10881: 10878: 10876: 10873: 10871: 10868: 10864: 10861: 10860: 10859: 10856: 10854: 10851: 10849: 10846: 10843: 10842: 10839: 10829: 10826: 10825: 10824: 10821: 10820: 10819: 10816: 10812: 10809: 10808: 10807: 10804: 10802: 10799: 10797: 10794: 10790: 10787: 10786: 10785: 10782: 10780: 10777: 10776: 10774: 10772: 10768: 10760: 10757: 10756: 10755: 10752: 10750: 10747: 10743: 10740: 10739: 10738: 10735: 10733: 10730: 10728: 10725: 10722: 10720: 10717: 10714: 10710: 10707: 10706: 10705: 10702: 10700: 10697: 10693: 10690: 10689: 10688: 10685: 10684: 10681: 10675: 10672: 10668: 10665: 10664: 10663: 10660: 10656: 10653: 10651: 10648: 10646: 10643: 10639: 10636: 10635: 10634: 10631: 10630: 10629: 10626: 10622: 10619: 10618: 10617: 10614: 10612: 10609: 10605: 10602: 10601: 10600: 10597: 10596: 10594: 10592: 10588: 10585: 10583: 10579: 10568: 10566: 10563: 10559: 10556: 10555: 10554: 10551: 10549: 10546: 10542: 10539: 10538: 10537: 10534: 10532: 10529: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10519: 10518: 10515: 10509: 10506: 10504: 10501: 10499: 10496: 10494: 10491: 10489: 10486: 10484: 10481: 10477: 10474: 10473: 10472: 10469: 10465: 10462: 10461: 10460: 10457: 10455: 10452: 10451: 10449: 10447: 10443: 10440: 10438: 10434: 10422: 10419: 10418: 10417: 10414: 10412: 10409: 10407: 10404: 10403: 10401: 10397: 10391: 10388: 10385: 10382: 10380: 10377: 10375: 10371: 10369: 10366: 10364: 10361: 10359: 10356: 10354: 10351: 10349: 10346: 10344: 10341: 10340: 10337: 10334: 10332: 10328: 10320: 10316: 10315: 10314: 10308: 10304: 10303: 10299: 10295: 10294: 10286: 10283: 10281: 10278: 10276: 10273: 10271: 10268: 10266: 10263: 10261: 10258: 10256: 10253: 10252: 10250: 10246: 10242: 10235: 10230: 10228: 10223: 10221: 10216: 10215: 10212: 10200: 10197: 10195: 10192: 10191: 10186: 10182: 10179: 10175: 10174: 10170: 10158: 10155: 10153: 10150: 10148: 10145: 10144: 10143: 10140: 10138: 10135: 10133: 10130: 10128: 10125: 10123: 10120: 10118: 10115: 10113: 10110: 10108: 10105: 10103: 10100: 10098: 10095: 10093: 10090: 10088: 10085: 10083: 10080: 10078: 10075: 10073: 10070: 10069: 10067: 10065: 10061: 10055: 10052: 10050: 10047: 10045: 10042: 10040: 10037: 10035: 10032: 10030: 10027: 10023: 10020: 10019: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10009: 10006: 10003: 10001: 9997: 9987: 9984: 9980: 9977: 9975: 9972: 9970: 9967: 9965: 9962: 9961: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9950: 9947: 9945: 9942: 9940: 9937: 9933: 9930: 9929: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9919: 9916: 9913: 9911: 9907: 9897: 9894: 9892: 9889: 9887: 9884: 9882: 9879: 9878: 9876: 9874: 9870: 9862: 9859: 9858: 9857: 9853: 9849: 9847: 9844: 9842: 9839: 9835: 9832: 9831: 9830: 9827: 9823: 9820: 9819: 9818: 9815: 9811: 9808: 9807: 9806: 9803: 9801: 9798: 9796: 9793: 9789: 9786: 9785: 9784: 9781: 9777: 9774: 9772: 9769: 9767: 9764: 9763: 9762: 9759: 9758: 9755: 9752: 9750: 9746: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9721: 9718: 9716: 9713: 9711: 9708: 9706: 9703: 9701: 9698: 9696: 9693: 9689: 9686: 9685: 9684: 9681: 9680: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9668: 9663: 9649: 9646: 9644: 9641: 9639: 9636: 9634: 9631: 9629: 9626: 9624: 9621: 9619: 9616: 9614: 9611: 9610: 9608: 9604: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9590: 9586: 9583: 9582: 9581: 9580:Guerrilla war 9578: 9576: 9573: 9571: 9568: 9566: 9563: 9559: 9556: 9554: 9551: 9549: 9546: 9545: 9544: 9541: 9540: 9538: 9532: 9526: 9523: 9521: 9518: 9514: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9505: 9504: 9501: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9491: 9487: 9484: 9483: 9482: 9479: 9477: 9474: 9473: 9471: 9465: 9457: 9454: 9452: 9449: 9447: 9444: 9442: 9439: 9437: 9434: 9432: 9429: 9428: 9427: 9424: 9422: 9419: 9417: 9414: 9412: 9409: 9408: 9406: 9402: 9399: 9397: 9393: 9389: 9385: 9378: 9373: 9371: 9366: 9364: 9359: 9358: 9355: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9328: 9326: 9323: 9319: 9313: 9310: 9309: 9307: 9304: 9300: 9293: 9290: 9289: 9287: 9285: 9281: 9274: 9271: 9266: 9263: 9260: 9257: 9256: 9255: 9252: 9251: 9249: 9246: 9242: 9235: 9232: 9230: 9227: 9224: 9221: 9218: 9215: 9212: 9209: 9206: 9203: 9202: 9200: 9196: 9188: 9184: 9183: 9170: 9167: 9165: 9162: 9159: 9156: 9153: 9150: 9147: 9144: 9143: 9141: 9137: 9131: 9128: 9125: 9122: 9118: 9115: 9114: 9112: 9109: 9106: 9103: 9099: 9096: 9095: 9093: 9090: 9087: 9084: 9079: 9076: 9075: 9073: 9070: 9067: 9064: 9061: 9058: 9055: 9052: 9049: 9045: 9042: 9041: 9039: 9036: 9033: 9030: 9027: 9024: 9021: 9017: 9014: 9013: 9011: 9008: 9003: 9000: 8999: 8997: 8994: 8991: 8988: 8983: 8980: 8979: 8977: 8974: 8969: 8966: 8963: 8960: 8957: 8954: 8949: 8946: 8945: 8943: 8940: 8939: 8937: 8933: 8930: 8929: 8928: 8925: 8923: 8920: 8918: 8915: 8914: 8912: 8908: 8901: 8898: 8895: 8892: 8889: 8886: 8883: 8880: 8875: 8872: 8871: 8869: 8866: 8863: 8860: 8857: 8854: 8851: 8848: 8845: 8842: 8839: 8836: 8835: 8833: 8829: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8810: 8807: 8806: 8804: 8801: 8798: 8795: 8791: 8788: 8786: 8783: 8782: 8781: 8778: 8773: 8770: 8767: 8764: 8760: 8757: 8756: 8754: 8751: 8750: 8749: 8746: 8743: 8740: 8739: 8737: 8733: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8706: 8703: 8702: 8700: 8696: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8680: 8678: 8676: 8672: 8669: 8666: 8662: 8658: 8651: 8646: 8644: 8639: 8637: 8632: 8631: 8628: 8616: 8613: 8612: 8609: 8599: 8598: 8594: 8592: 8591: 8587: 8585: 8582: 8580: 8579: 8575: 8574: 8572: 8568: 8558: 8555: 8551: 8548: 8546: 8543: 8541: 8538: 8536: 8533: 8531: 8528: 8527: 8526: 8523: 8521: 8518: 8514: 8511: 8509: 8506: 8505: 8503: 8501: 8498: 8497: 8495: 8489: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8473: 8470: 8468: 8465: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8455: 8453: 8450: 8448: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8438: 8435: 8434: 8432: 8428: 8422: 8419: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8407: 8404: 8402: 8399: 8398: 8396: 8394: 8390: 8384: 8383:United States 8381: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8340: 8338: 8334: 8331: 8328: 8323: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8303: 8300: 8298: 8295: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8277: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8261: 8258: 8254: 8251: 8247: 8244: 8243: 8242: 8239: 8238: 8236: 8235: 8233: 8231: 8227: 8219: 8216: 8214: 8211: 8210: 8208: 8207: 8205: 8203: 8199: 8191: 8188: 8186: 8182: 8179: 8177: 8174: 8173: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8162: 8159: 8158: 8156: 8155: 8153: 8151: 8147: 8139: 8136: 8134: 8131: 8130: 8128: 8126: 8123: 8119: 8118: 8114: 8112: 8109: 8107: 8104: 8102: 8099: 8098: 8096: 8092: 8089: 8087: 8084: 8083: 8081: 8079: 8076: 8075: 8073: 8069: 8063: 8060: 8058: 8055: 8053: 8050: 8049: 8047: 8043: 8035: 8032: 8030: 8027: 8026: 8024: 8022: 8019: 8015: 8012: 8011: 8009: 8008: 8006: 8000: 7995: 7985: 7984:United States 7982: 7978: 7975: 7974: 7973: 7970: 7968: 7965: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7955: 7954: 7952: 7948: 7942: 7939: 7935: 7934:Convoy system 7932: 7931: 7930: 7929:Naval warfare 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7903: 7900: 7899: 7898: 7895: 7894: 7892: 7888: 7885: 7881: 7870: 7867: 7864: 7861: 7858: 7855: 7852: 7849: 7844: 7841: 7838: 7835: 7832: 7829: 7826: 7823: 7822: 7821: 7818: 7815: 7812: 7809: 7806: 7803: 7800: 7797: 7794: 7791: 7788: 7785: 7782: 7779: 7776: 7773: 7770: 7767: 7764: 7761: 7758: 7755: 7752: 7749: 7746: 7743: 7740: 7737: 7734: 7731: 7728: 7725: 7722: 7719: 7716: 7715: 7713: 7709: 7702: 7699: 7696: 7693: 7690: 7689:Kaocen revolt 7687: 7684: 7683:Easter Rising 7681: 7678: 7675: 7672: 7669: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7655: 7652: 7649: 7646: 7643: 7640: 7637: 7634: 7631: 7628: 7625: 7622: 7619: 7616: 7613: 7610: 7607: 7604: 7601: 7598: 7597: 7595: 7591: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7577: 7575: 7572: 7570: 7567: 7565: 7562: 7560: 7557: 7555: 7552: 7550: 7547: 7545: 7542: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7532: 7530: 7527: 7525: 7522: 7520: 7517: 7515: 7512: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7500: 7497: 7495: 7492: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7481: 7479: 7477: 7473: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7449: 7447: 7444: 7442: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7432: 7429: 7427: 7424: 7422: 7419: 7417: 7414: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7389: 7387: 7384: 7383: 7381: 7379: 7375: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7361: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7349: 7346: 7342: 7339: 7338: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7312: 7309: 7308: 7306: 7302: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7255:Great Retreat 7253: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7230: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7209: 7207: 7203: 7197: 7194: 7192: 7189: 7187: 7184: 7182: 7179: 7177: 7174: 7172: 7169: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7126:Battle of Cer 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7113: 7111: 7107: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7084: 7081: 7080: 7079: 7076: 7075: 7073: 7069: 7062: 7059: 7056: 7053: 7050: 7047: 7044: 7043:Agadir Crisis 7041: 7038: 7035: 7032: 7029: 7026: 7023: 7020: 7017: 7014: 7011: 7010: 7008: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6995: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6946: 6944: 6942: 6938: 6932: 6931:United States 6929: 6925: 6922: 6921: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6894: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6878: 6875: 6871: 6868: 6867: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6849: 6848:French Empire 6846: 6845: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6820: 6818: 6816: 6812: 6809: 6801: 6791: 6790:Mediterranean 6788: 6784: 6781: 6780: 6779: 6776: 6775: 6773: 6771: 6770:Naval warfare 6767: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6747: 6745: 6743: 6739: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6709: 6707: 6705: 6701: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6661: 6659: 6657: 6653: 6647: 6646:Italian Front 6644: 6640: 6637: 6636: 6635: 6634:Eastern Front 6632: 6630: 6629:Western Front 6627: 6623: 6620: 6619: 6618: 6615: 6614: 6612: 6610: 6606: 6603: 6599: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6587:Puppet states 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6529: 6526: 6522: 6515: 6510: 6508: 6503: 6501: 6496: 6495: 6492: 6483: 6479: 6478: 6470: 6465: 6461: 6455: 6451: 6446: 6442: 6440:9955-601-92-2 6436: 6432: 6427: 6423: 6421:0-300-10586-X 6417: 6413: 6412: 6407: 6403: 6396: 6389: 6388: 6382: 6378: 6376:0-8371-7780-4 6372: 6368: 6363: 6359: 6355: 6351: 6350: 6344: 6340: 6336: 6332: 6326: 6322: 6321: 6315: 6311: 6309:0-520-02600-4 6305: 6301: 6296: 6292: 6286: 6278: 6273: 6269: 6265: 6261: 6256: 6252: 6250:9955-423-23-4 6246: 6242: 6238: 6231: 6230: 6224: 6220: 6218:0-415-26731-5 6214: 6211:. Routledge. 6210: 6209: 6203: 6199: 6195: 6191: 6189:0-87141-028-1 6185: 6181: 6176: 6172: 6170:0-312-22458-3 6166: 6162: 6157: 6153: 6147: 6143: 6142: 6136: 6132: 6128: 6124: 6122:9780199668021 6118: 6114: 6113: 6107: 6103: 6099: 6095: 6090: 6089: 6076: 6074:1-85409-290-1 6070: 6066: 6059: 6051: 6044: 6037: 6032: 6025: 6020: 6006:on 2009-08-31 6005: 6001: 5997: 5991: 5985: 5981: 5977: 5974: 5969: 5967: 5961: 5957: 5956:Antanas Ruksa 5953: 5949: 5944: 5940: 5936: 5931: 5929: 5922:, p. 85. 5921: 5916: 5914: 5912: 5910: 5903: 5899: 5894: 5888:, p. 84. 5887: 5882: 5880: 5872: 5867: 5861:, p. 78. 5860: 5855: 5853: 5851: 5843: 5838: 5836: 5834: 5826: 5821: 5815:, p. 80. 5814: 5813:Vilkelis 2006 5809: 5803:, p. 77. 5802: 5801:Vilkelis 2006 5797: 5795: 5788:, p. 76. 5787: 5782: 5780: 5772: 5771:Vilkelis 2006 5767: 5765: 5756: 5750: 5746: 5745: 5737: 5730: 5729:Vilkelis 2006 5725: 5719:, p. 73. 5718: 5717:Vilkelis 2006 5713: 5706: 5701: 5694: 5689: 5687: 5685: 5677: 5672: 5665: 5660: 5653: 5648: 5642:, p. 77. 5641: 5636: 5634: 5632: 5624: 5619: 5612: 5607: 5600: 5595: 5588: 5583: 5581: 5573: 5568: 5566: 5564: 5562: 5554: 5549: 5542: 5537: 5531:, p. 64. 5530: 5525: 5523: 5521: 5519: 5511: 5506: 5499: 5494: 5487: 5482: 5480: 5478: 5470: 5469:Borzęcki 2008 5465: 5458: 5453: 5445: 5441: 5435: 5427: 5423: 5417: 5415: 5407: 5402: 5396:, p. 75. 5395: 5394:Vilkelis 2006 5390: 5388: 5380: 5375: 5369:, p. 31. 5368: 5363: 5357:, p. 75. 5356: 5351: 5349: 5347: 5328: 5321: 5315: 5313: 5306:, p. 71. 5305: 5304:Vilkelis 2006 5300: 5298: 5296: 5288: 5283: 5276: 5271: 5269: 5267: 5258: 5256:83-05-12769-9 5252: 5248: 5244: 5238: 5236: 5229:, p. 44. 5228: 5223: 5216: 5215:Vilkelis 2006 5211: 5209: 5202:, p. 70. 5201: 5200:Vilkelis 2006 5196: 5189: 5184: 5178:, p. 69. 5177: 5176:Vilkelis 2006 5172: 5170: 5162: 5157: 5150: 5149:Borzęcki 2008 5145: 5143: 5135: 5130: 5128: 5120: 5115: 5113: 5106:, p. 68. 5105: 5104:Vilkelis 2006 5100: 5098: 5096: 5088: 5083: 5077:, p. 74. 5076: 5071: 5069: 5067: 5059: 5054: 5048:, p. 67. 5047: 5046:Vilkelis 2006 5042: 5035: 5030: 5024:, p. 64. 5023: 5022:Vilkelis 2006 5018: 5011: 5006: 5004: 5002: 5000: 4998: 4996: 4989:, p. 66. 4988: 4987:Vilkelis 2006 4983: 4981: 4973: 4968: 4961: 4956: 4949: 4944: 4937: 4932: 4925: 4920: 4913: 4908: 4901: 4896: 4894: 4886: 4881: 4879: 4877: 4869: 4864: 4858:, p. 37. 4857: 4852: 4850: 4843:, p. 33. 4842: 4837: 4829: 4827:0-8047-0478-3 4823: 4819: 4814: 4813: 4804: 4797: 4792: 4786:, p. 40. 4785: 4780: 4778: 4769: 4767:5-89957-012-1 4763: 4759: 4755: 4749: 4743:, p. 32. 4742: 4737: 4730: 4725: 4723: 4721: 4713: 4708: 4706: 4699:, p. 31. 4698: 4693: 4691: 4683: 4682:Balkelis 2018 4678: 4672:, p. 73. 4671: 4666: 4664: 4662: 4654: 4649: 4647: 4639: 4634: 4627: 4622: 4620: 4612: 4607: 4605: 4598:, p. 69. 4597: 4592: 4585: 4580: 4573: 4568: 4562:, p. 63. 4561: 4556: 4554: 4552: 4543: 4539: 4535: 4529: 4525: 4524: 4516: 4509: 4504: 4497: 4492: 4485: 4480: 4474:, p. 93. 4473: 4468: 4462:, p. 91. 4461: 4456: 4450:, p. 90. 4449: 4444: 4437: 4432: 4430: 4422: 4417: 4411:, p. 82. 4410: 4405: 4398: 4393: 4385: 4383:9986-09-055-5 4379: 4375: 4368: 4362:, p. 98. 4361: 4356: 4349: 4344: 4338:, p. 96. 4337: 4332: 4325: 4320: 4313: 4308: 4302:, p. 95. 4301: 4296: 4290:, p. 77. 4289: 4284: 4282: 4274: 4269: 4263:, p. 75. 4262: 4257: 4250: 4245: 4239:, p. 72. 4238: 4233: 4226: 4221: 4214: 4209: 4207: 4199: 4194: 4187: 4182: 4175: 4170: 4164:, p. 56. 4163: 4158: 4151: 4146: 4139: 4134: 4132: 4130: 4128: 4126: 4124: 4122: 4120: 4113:, p. 20. 4112: 4107: 4100: 4095: 4093: 4085: 4080: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4060: 4056: 4050: 4043: 4038: 4036: 4029:, p. 67. 4028: 4023: 4009:on 2008-06-10 4008: 4004: 3997: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3983: 3978: 3971: 3966: 3960:, p. 51. 3959: 3954: 3947: 3942: 3935: 3930: 3922: 3918: 3915:(in Polish). 3914: 3913: 3908: 3901: 3899: 3897: 3895: 3893: 3891: 3883: 3878: 3871: 3866: 3864: 3862: 3855:, p. 71. 3854: 3849: 3847: 3840:, p. 39. 3839: 3834: 3832: 3825:, p. 19. 3824: 3819: 3812: 3807: 3799: 3797:9789637326370 3793: 3789: 3785: 3778: 3770: 3764: 3760: 3756: 3749: 3743:, p. 58. 3742: 3741:Vilkelis 2006 3737: 3730: 3725: 3719:, p. 38. 3718: 3713: 3707:, p. 37. 3706: 3701: 3699: 3692:, p. 57. 3691: 3690:Vilkelis 2006 3686: 3679: 3674: 3672: 3663: 3657: 3653: 3652: 3644: 3629: 3623: 3619: 3618: 3610: 3602: 3596: 3592: 3585: 3579:, p. 72. 3578: 3573: 3571: 3562: 3558: 3551: 3544: 3542: 3535:, p. 52. 3534: 3533:Balkelis 2018 3529: 3522: 3517: 3515: 3513: 3505: 3500: 3493: 3488: 3486: 3478: 3473: 3466: 3461: 3459: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3419: 3417: 3410:, p. 40. 3409: 3404: 3402: 3400: 3398: 3396: 3389:, p. 50. 3388: 3383: 3377:, p. 49. 3376: 3371: 3365:, p. 48. 3364: 3359: 3353:, p. 47. 3352: 3347: 3340: 3339:Balkelis 2018 3335: 3333: 3325: 3320: 3313: 3308: 3300: 3298:0-7126-0694-7 3294: 3290: 3286: 3280: 3274:, p. 45. 3273: 3268: 3262:, p. 54. 3261: 3256: 3250:, p. 15. 3249: 3244: 3238:, p. 69. 3237: 3232: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3210: 3206: 3205: 3197: 3189: 3185: 3181: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3166: 3158: 3151: 3147: 3146:Balkelis 2018 3142: 3135: 3130: 3124:, p. 69. 3123: 3122:Balkelis 2018 3118: 3111: 3110:Balkelis 2018 3106: 3100:, p. 11. 3099: 3098:Borzęcki 2008 3094: 3088:, p. 66. 3087: 3086:Balkelis 2018 3082: 3074: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3053: 3046: 3041: 3035:, p. 51. 3034: 3029: 3021: 3019:90-04-13754-8 3015: 3011: 3010: 3002: 2994: 2990: 2983: 2977:, p. 10. 2976: 2975:Borzęcki 2008 2971: 2969: 2960: 2954: 2946: 2940: 2932: 2930:83-05-12769-9 2926: 2922: 2918: 2912: 2905: 2897: 2889: 2887:9780429862885 2883: 2879: 2875: 2868: 2861: 2856: 2854: 2846: 2841: 2834: 2829: 2821: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2800: 2793: 2788: 2786: 2779:, p. 31. 2778: 2773: 2771: 2763: 2758: 2751: 2750:Balkelis 2018 2746: 2739: 2734: 2728:, p. 49. 2727: 2722: 2715: 2714:Balkelis 2018 2710: 2703: 2698: 2696: 2688: 2683: 2676: 2671: 2669: 2667: 2659: 2654: 2647: 2646:Balkelis 2018 2642: 2640: 2638: 2629: 2623: 2619: 2612: 2610: 2601: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2580: 2573: 2572:Balkelis 2018 2568: 2566: 2564: 2562: 2560: 2551: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2532: 2524: 2522:3-12-907540-2 2518: 2514: 2513: 2505: 2501: 2486: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2461: 2455:governorates. 2454: 2450: 2446: 2440: 2436: 2426: 2423: 2422: 2416: 2414: 2410: 2406: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2392: 2385: 2383: 2379: 2374: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2351:Sejm wileński 2348: 2344: 2340: 2339: 2333: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2299: 2294: 2285: 2283: 2277: 2273: 2271: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2253: 2243: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2211: 2206: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2147: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2111: 2106: 2102: 2096: 2086: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2074: 2073:Upper Silesia 2070: 2066: 2065: 2064:fait accompli 2060: 2056: 2052: 2044: 2039: 2034: 2019: 2015: 2010: 2004: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1971: 1967: 1964: 1955: 1950: 1940: 1936: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1920: 1915: 1905: 1902: 1898: 1893: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1871: 1866: 1857: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1837: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1818: 1809: 1795: 1793: 1782: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1755: 1753: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1701: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1688:(Breslauja), 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1670: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1655:Allied Powers 1652: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1627: 1613: 1611: 1610:Kazys Grinius 1607: 1603: 1599: 1594: 1592: 1588: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1554: 1548: 1546: 1536: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1520: 1515: 1509: 1508:Kapčiamiestis 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1469: 1467: 1461: 1457: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1446:Juozas Gabrys 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1413: 1403: 1401: 1396: 1390: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1376:Kapčiamiestis 1373: 1369: 1364: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1353:Czarna Hańcza 1350: 1344: 1334: 1332: 1328: 1323: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1289: 1285: 1280: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1266:Jurgis Šaulys 1262: 1259: 1255: 1250: 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With the 597:Giedraičiai 208:Territorial 11285:Categories 11123:resistance 10667:The Deluge 10107:Literature 9881:Land Force 9855:parliament 9805:Government 9776:elderships 9623:Baltic Way 9570:Resistance 9098:The Deluge 8772:Gollub War 8766:Hunger War 8430:Agreements 8230:War crimes 8106:Luxembourg 7999:Casualties 6877:Montenegro 6712:South West 6592:Technology 6582:Propaganda 6572:Opposition 6131:1039838658 6010:2008-03-14 5871:Rauch 1970 5336:2009-08-01 4712:Rauch 1970 4013:2007-09-27 3768:0813378990 3188:1241099006 3033:Rauch 1970 2860:Lojkó 2005 2819:0313260079 2658:Weeks 2015 2497:References 2398:after the 2371:status quo 2355:Wilno Land 2338:status quo 2270:plebiscite 2183:Maišiagala 2151:Švenčionys 2114:along the 2045:(in green) 1743:Maišiagala 1653:asked the 1587:Daugavpils 1430:plebiscite 1357:Wigry Lake 1055:neutrality 893:Bolsheviks 822:Background 804:28 October 774:status quo 673:January 5. 10471:Great War 10122:Mythology 10017:Education 9959:Transport 9891:Air Force 9846:President 9795:Elections 9671:Geography 9565:Holocaust 9476:Press ban 9431:1219–1295 9384:Lithuania 8667:(to 1795) 8327:Diplomacy 8034:Olympians 7957:Australia 7924:Logistics 7857:Vlora War 7786:(1918–19) 7762:(1918–19) 7756:(1918–19) 7744:(1918–19) 7691:(1916–17) 7673:(1916–17) 7624:Zaian War 7614:(1914–15) 7341:first day 7229:Lusitania 7057:(1912–13) 7051:(1911–12) 7039:(1908–09) 7033:(1905–06) 7015:(1870–71) 6804:Principal 6664:Gallipoli 6567:Memorials 6552:Geography 6542:Aftermath 6339:909236805 6285:cite book 5950:p. 163: 5367:Lane 2001 5227:Senn 1966 5034:Senn 1966 4856:Senn 1966 4841:Senn 1966 4784:Senn 1966 4741:Senn 1966 4697:Senn 1966 4542:953633099 4249:Senn 1975 4174:Senn 1975 4111:Senn 1966 3934:Senn 1975 3823:Senn 1966 3811:Senn 1966 3729:Senn 1966 3521:Lane 2001 3465:Senn 1966 3449:0162-9778 3287:(2003) . 3248:Senn 1966 3223:909236805 2904:Demoscope 2726:Senn 1966 2550:0239-7129 2361:. Polish 2357:and then 2322:Foch Line 2288:Aftermath 2236:Troškūnai 2228:Kėdainiai 2224:Kavarskas 2218:–Ukmergė– 2216:Širvintos 2191:Dubingiai 2163:Lentvaris 2159:Nemenčinė 2105:Rūdninkai 1977:armistice 1890:Kalvarija 1727:Musninkai 1723:Širvintos 1715:Tauragnai 1711:Turmantas 1606:Białystok 1523:Turmantas 1363:arrived. 1331:Foch Line 1227:Białystok 1149:(see the 1067:Širvintos 1048:Širvintos 992:Vawkavysk 980:Kėdainiai 961:January 2 791:The Hague 739:staged a 625:Lithuania 593:Kėdainiai 570:Sejny (2) 560:Sejny (1) 282:Lithuania 11246:Iraq War 10194:Category 10072:Calendar 10054:Religion 10044:Language 9964:airports 9873:Military 9766:counties 9749:Politics 9534:WWII and 9388:articles 9341:Iraq War 8615:Category 8202:Refugees 8168:Italians 8157:Germans 8117:Ober Ost 7897:Aviation 6998:Timeline 6969:Bulgaria 6750:Tsingtao 6727:Togoland 6674:Caucasus 6609:European 6601:Theatres 6408:(2003). 6358:67086623 6198:75-80057 6102:14547758 5976:Archived 5442:(1986). 5424:(1991). 5245:(1995). 4756:(1986). 4057:(2003). 3563:(1): 59. 2919:(1995). 2474:Red Army 2419:See also 2396:Holy See 2391:de facto 2232:Ramygala 2167:Rykantai 2155:Rūdiškės 2101:Jašiūnai 2009:Bastuny. 1993:Eišiškės 1985:Zervynos 1763:Vištytis 1639:Petliura 1484:Gelvonai 1372:Lazdijai 1355:River – 1315:Augustów 1082:Augustów 948:Red Army 928:Ober Ost 919:and the 911:and the 759:towards 651:and the 176:Location 33:and the 11121:, 11119:history 11010:on the 10374:Bohemia 10178:Outline 10142:Symbols 10082:Cuisine 10064:Culture 10000:Society 9986:Tourism 9979:seaport 9910:Economy 9861:Speaker 9710:Forests 9695:Climate 9688:capital 9441:Kingdom 9396:History 8353:Germany 8253:Germany 8181:Germany 8101:Belgium 8086:Albania 8045:Disease 8025:Sports 7977:Ireland 7890:Warfare 7883:Aspects 7078:Origins 7071:Prelude 6974:Senussi 6954:Germany 6949:Leaders 6887:Romania 6828:Belgium 6823:Leaders 6722:Kamerun 6704:African 6639:Romania 6617:Balkans 6532:Outline 6484:(1396). 6268:9200888 2586:Lietuva 2470:Germans 2466:Vilnius 2453:Suwałki 2326:Vilnius 2203:Ukmergė 2187:Paberžė 1989:Perloja 1970:general 1963:colonel 1932:Merkinė 1849:Grabowo 1792:Kruonis 1747:Pabradė 1735:Molėtai 1731:Kernavė 1698:Vilnius 1686:Braslaw 1678:de jure 1657:in the 1571:Entente 1519:Kalkūni 1504:Salakas 1496:Vepriai 1488:Ukmergė 1450:Smetona 1223:Suwałki 1214:Germany 1206:de jure 1159:Endecja 1086:Suwałki 1076:In the 1071:June 11 1063:Merkinė 1040:Merkinė 976:Jieznas 852:Vilnius 783:de jure 693:Entente 661:Vilnius 637:Suwałki 633:Vilnius 615:was an 218:Vilnius 214:Suwałki 210:changes 187:regions 185:Vilnius 181:Suwałki 138:in 1920 10199:Portal 10147:anthem 10097:Design 10077:Cinema 10039:Health 9944:Energy 9852:Seimas 9725:Rivers 9683:Cities 9386: 9294:(1941) 9275:(1923) 9213:(1812) 9171:(1794) 9080:(1651) 9065:(1638) 9059:(1637) 9034:(1630) 9028:(1625) 9004:(1619) 8992:(1606) 8984:(1610) 8950:(1605) 8852:(1508) 8774:(1422) 8768:(1414) 8373:Russia 8348:France 8176:Canada 8091:Serbia 7962:Canada 7919:Horses 7871:(1921) 7865:(1920) 7859:(1920) 7853:(1920) 7845:(1920) 7798:(1919) 7792:(1919) 7738:(1918) 7703:(1918) 7697:(1917) 7685:(1916) 7679:(1916) 7644:(1915) 7063:(1913) 7045:(1911) 7027:(1905) 6984:Darfur 6909:Serbia 6892:Russia 6855:Greece 6843:France 6833:Brazil 6679:Persia 6622:Serbia 6456: 6437: 6418: 6373: 6356: 6337: 6327: 6306: 6266: 6247: 6215: 6196: 6186: 6167: 6148: 6129: 6119: 6100: 6071: 5751: 5253: 4824: 4764: 4540: 4530: 4380: 3794: 3765: 3658: 3633:14 May 3624: 3597: 3447: 3295: 3221: 3211: 3186: 3176: 3069: 3016: 2993:Warsaw 2927: 2884: 2816: 2624: 2596: 2548: 2519: 2451:, and 2449:Grodno 2220:Jonava 2136:Kaunas 2124:Varėna 1997:Varėna 1853:Grodno 1822:intern 1773:, and 1737:, and 1719:Alanta 1690:Hrodna 1637:under 1602:Grodno 1559:Latvia 1442:Taryba 1380:Simnas 1319:Grodno 1241:, the 1172:Kaunas 1059:Vievis 1044:Vievis 1029:Grodno 984:Alytus 982:, and 969:Kaunas 963:, the 957:Soviet 942:; and 909:German 891:. The 763:, the 761:Kaunas 741:mutiny 698:Vievis 629:Poland 363: 265:(1920) 259: 247:Poland 244: 193:Result 154:Vievis 126:Kaunas 10185:Index 10137:Sport 10112:Music 9974:roads 9927:Banks 9735:Towns 9715:Lakes 9705:Flora 9436:Duchy 9411:Balts 9404:Early 8570:Other 8363:Japan 8358:Italy 8185:camps 8029:Rugby 6865:Japan 6860:Italy 6838:China 6732:North 6477:Karys 6472:(PDF) 6398:(PDF) 6391:(PDF) 6233:(PDF) 6052:: 63. 5330:(PDF) 5323:(PDF) 4820:–11. 3553:(PDF) 2445:Vilna 2431:Notes 2298:Karys 2199:Želva 2175:Riešė 2140:Minsk 2112:] 2016:] 1926:near 1845:Lipsk 1779:Łomża 1775:Sejny 1767:Punsk 1583:] 1494:near 1391:] 1349:Sejny 1286:] 1140:] 1129:] 1090:Sejny 1025:] 998:from 117:Sejny 10157:flag 10127:Name 9969:rail 9949:Euro 9834:LGBT 8150:POWs 7476:1918 7378:1917 7304:1916 7205:1915 7109:1914 6914:Siam 6717:East 6454:ISBN 6435:ISBN 6416:ISBN 6371:ISBN 6354:LCCN 6335:OCLC 6325:ISBN 6304:ISBN 6291:link 6264:OCLC 6245:ISBN 6213:ISBN 6194:LCCN 6184:ISBN 6165:ISBN 6146:ISBN 6127:OCLC 6117:ISBN 6098:OCLC 6069:ISBN 5749:ISBN 5251:ISBN 4822:ISBN 4762:ISBN 4538:OCLC 4528:ISBN 4378:ISBN 3792:ISBN 3763:ISBN 3656:ISBN 3635:2012 3622:ISBN 3595:ISBN 3445:ISSN 3293:ISBN 3219:OCLC 3209:ISBN 3184:OCLC 3174:ISBN 3067:ISBN 3014:ISBN 2925:ISBN 2882:ISBN 2814:ISBN 2622:ISBN 2594:ISBN 2546:ISSN 2517:ISBN 2363:Sejm 2328:and 2197:and 2185:and 2153:and 2122:and 2103:and 2071:and 2059:Lida 1930:and 1771:Giby 1745:and 1725:and 1717:and 1694:Lida 1604:and 1598:Lida 1521:and 1424:and 1374:and 1225:and 1120:and 1104:and 1088:and 1065:and 1046:and 1000:Lida 814:and 635:and 627:and 611:The 216:and 198:see 183:and 168:Date 9817:Law 3437:doi 1565:of 1185:'s 789:in 152:in 11287:: 6474:. 6333:. 6287:}} 6283:{{ 6243:. 6239:, 6192:. 6125:. 5998:. 5968:." 5958:, 5937:, 5927:^ 5908:^ 5900:, 5878:^ 5849:^ 5832:^ 5793:^ 5778:^ 5763:^ 5683:^ 5630:^ 5579:^ 5560:^ 5517:^ 5476:^ 5413:^ 5386:^ 5345:^ 5311:^ 5294:^ 5265:^ 5234:^ 5207:^ 5168:^ 5141:^ 5126:^ 5111:^ 5094:^ 5065:^ 4994:^ 4979:^ 4892:^ 4875:^ 4848:^ 4818:10 4776:^ 4719:^ 4704:^ 4689:^ 4660:^ 4645:^ 4618:^ 4603:^ 4550:^ 4536:. 4428:^ 4280:^ 4205:^ 4118:^ 4091:^ 4065:. 4061:. 4034:^ 3989:^ 3917:12 3909:. 3889:^ 3860:^ 3845:^ 3830:^ 3786:. 3757:. 3697:^ 3670:^ 3569:^ 3561:17 3559:. 3555:. 3540:^ 3511:^ 3484:^ 3457:^ 3443:. 3433:24 3431:. 3427:. 3415:^ 3394:^ 3331:^ 3217:. 3182:. 3168:. 3061:. 2967:^ 2880:. 2876:. 2852:^ 2808:. 2784:^ 2769:^ 2694:^ 2665:^ 2636:^ 2608:^ 2558:^ 2540:. 2447:, 2193:, 2110:lt 2014:pl 1991:, 1987:, 1983:, 1769:, 1765:, 1754:. 1733:, 1600:, 1581:de 1389:pl 1288:. 1284:lt 1201:. 1138:lt 1127:pl 1084:, 1042:, 1023:pl 978:, 923:. 818:. 732:. 655:. 595:, 10233:e 10226:t 10219:v 9376:e 9369:t 9362:v 8649:e 8642:t 8635:v 8001:/ 6513:e 6506:t 6499:v 6482:9 6462:. 6443:. 6424:. 6379:. 6360:. 6341:. 6312:. 6293:) 6270:. 6253:. 6221:. 6200:. 6173:. 6154:. 6133:. 6104:. 6077:. 6013:. 5757:. 5339:. 5259:. 4830:. 4770:. 4544:. 4386:. 4067:2 4016:. 3800:. 3771:. 3664:. 3637:. 3603:. 3451:. 3439:: 3301:. 3225:. 3190:. 3075:. 3022:. 2995:. 2961:. 2947:. 2933:. 2906:. 2890:. 2822:. 2630:. 2602:. 2552:. 2525:. 2349:( 2238:– 2234:– 2226:– 1851:– 1847:– 599:) 591:( 537:e 530:t 523:v 449:e 442:t 435:v 203:)

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