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14876:. At the start of the 19th century, 40 years after the Qing reconquest, there were around 155,000 Han and Hui Chinese in northern Xinjiang and somewhat more than twice that number of Uyghurs in Southern Xinjiang. A census of Xinjiang under Qing rule in the early 19th century tabulated ethnic shares of the population as 30 percent Han and 60 percent Turkic and it dramatically shifted to 6 percent Han and 75 percent Uyghur in the 1953 census. However, a situation similar to the Qing era's demographics with a large number of Han had been restored by 2000, with 40.57 percent Han and 45.21 percent Uyghur. Professor Stanley W. Toops noted that today's demographic situation is similar to that of the early Qing period in Xinjiang. Before 1831, only a few hundred Chinese merchants lived in Southern Xinjiang oases (Tarim Basin), and only a few Uyghurs lived in Northern Xinjiang (Dzungaria).
14880:
saw them experience a sharp decline as a percentage of the total population though they rose once again in the periods of stability from 1880, which saw
Xinjiang increase its population from 1.2 million, to 1949. From a low of 7 percent in 1953, the Han began to return to Xinjiang between then and 1964, where they comprised 33 percent of the population (54 percent Uyghur), like in Qing times. A decade later, at the beginning of the Chinese economic reform in 1978, the demographic balance was 46 percent Uyghur and 40 percent Han, which did not change drastically until the 2000 Census, when the Uyghur population had reduced to 42 percent. In 2010, the population of Xinjiang was 45.84 percent Uyghur and 40.48 percent Han. The 2020 Census showed the share of the Uyghur population decline slightly to 44.96 percent, and the Han population rise to 42.24 percent
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14445:Ürümqi Economic & Technological Development Zone is northwest of Ürümqi. It was approved in 1994 by the State Council as a national level economic and technological development zones. It is 1.5 km (0.93 mi) from the Ürümqi International Airport, 2 km (1.2 mi) from the North Railway Station and 10 km (6.2 mi) from the city center. Wu Chang Expressway and 312 National Road passes through the zone. The development has unique resources and geographical advantages. Xinjiang's vast land, rich in resources, borders eight countries. As the leading economic zone, it brings together the resources of Xinjiang's industrial development, capital, technology, information, personnel and other factors of production.
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14229:. In 2020 45 percent of global production of solar-grade polysilicon occurred in Xinjiang. Concerns have been raised both within the solar industry and outside it that forced labor may occur in the Xinjiang part of the supply chain. The global solar panel industry are under pressure to move sourcing away from the region due to human rights and liability concerns. China's solar association claimed the allegations were baseless and unfairly stigmatized firms with operations there. A 2021 investigation in the United Kingdom found that 40 percent of solar farms in the UK had been built using panels from Chinese companies linked to forced labor in Xinjiang.
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18155:"The first settlers had European paternal lineages, and maternal lineages of European and Siberian origin." "a pattern that continued in to Xiaohe Phase II, in layers 3, 2 and 1, where the genes show greater mixing still (Li, et al. 2015). The origin of the mitochondrial lineages is more widespread, with the presence of west Eurasian, east Eurasian and Indian lineages." "This may account for the marked genetic change over time in the Xiaohe population (Li 2010, Li, et al. 2010, Li et al. 2015)." The later Xiaohe people carried diverse east Eurasian maternal lineages, including a dominance of C4 and C5, generally linked to southern Siberia."
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13990:, and ethnic strife in the region. Autonomous regions in China do not have a legal right to secede, and each one is considered to be an "inseparable part of the People's Republic of China" by the government. The separatist movement claims that the region is not part of China, but was invaded by the CCP in 1949 and has been under occupation since then. The Chinese government asserts that the region has been part of China since ancient times, and has engaged in "strike hard" campaigns targeted at separatists. The movement has been supported by both militant Islamic extremist groups such as the
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13371:, respectively) prevails in Xinjiang. The entire region has great seasonal differences in temperature with cold winters. The Turpan Depression often records some of the hottest temperatures nationwide in summer, with air temperatures easily exceeding 40 °C (104 °F). Winter temperatures regularly fall below −20 °C (−4 °F) in the far north and highest mountain elevations. On 18 February 2024, a record low temperature for the region of −52.3 °C (−62.1 °F) was recorded.
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distinct region called
Xinjiang. The very concept of Xinjiang as one distinct geographic identity was created by the Qing. During the Qing rule, no sense of "regional identity" was held by ordinary Xinjiang people; rather, Xinjiang's distinct identity was given to the region by the Qing, since it had distinct geography, history and culture, while at the same time it was created by the Chinese, multicultural, settled by Han and Hui and separated from Central Asia for over a century and a half.
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birth control, the practice was far more widespread and systematic than previously known, according to an AP investigation based on government statistics, state documents and interviews with 30 ex-detainees, family members and a former detention camp instructor. The campaign over the past four years in
Xinjiang has been labeled by some experts as a form of "demographic genocide." The allegation of Uyghur birth rates being lower than those of Han Chinese have been disputed by pundits from
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their numbers have increased steadily. Uyghur independence activists express concern over the Han population changing the Uyghur character of the region though the Han and Hui
Chinese mostly live in Northern Xinjiang Dzungaria and are separated from areas of historic Uyghur dominance south of the Tian Shan mountains (Southwestern Xinjiang), where Uyghurs account for about 90 percent of the population.
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14451:Ürümqi New & Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone was established in 1992 and it is the only high-tech development zone in Xinjiang, China. There are more than 3470 enterprises in the zone, of which 23 are Fortune 500 companies. It has a planned area of 9.8 km (3.8 sq mi) and it is divided into four zones. There are plans to expand the zone.
4217:, nearly eradicating them and depopulating Dzungaria. The Qing freed the Afaqi Khoja leader Burhan-ud-din and his brother, Khoja Jihan, from Dzungar imprisonment and appointed them to rule the Tarim Basin as Qing vassals. The Khoja brothers reneged on the agreement, declaring themselves independent leaders of the Tarim Basin. The Qing and the Turfan leader
4847:
to strike at the outset." Following a meeting with Xi in
Beijing Chen Quanguo held a rally in Ürümqi with ten thousand troops, helicopters, and armored vehicles. As they paraded he announced a "smashing, obliterating offensive," and declared that they would "bury the corpses of terrorists and terror gangs in the vast sea of the People's War."
13828:
the region as well as dominating
Xinjiang's agricultural output. It additionally directly administers cities throughout Xinjiang, mainly concentrated in the northern parts. It is headed by the CCP secretary of Xinjiang, while the CCP secretary of the XPCC is considered the second most powerful person in the region.
4159:) to intervene on his behalf in 1677. The Dalai Lama then called on his Dzungar Buddhist followers in the Dzungar Khanate to act on the invitation. The Dzungar Khanate conquered the Tarim Basin in 1680, setting up the Afaqi Khoja as their puppet ruler. After converting to Islam, the descendants of the previously-
14409:(Horgos Free Trade Zone) was located at the Xinjiang-Kazakhstan border city of Horgos. Horgos is the largest "land port" in China's western region and it has easy access to the Central Asian market. Xinjiang also opened its second border trade market to Kazakhstan in March 2006, the Jeminay Border Trade Zone.
16278:
and Guozi Valley in
Northern Xinjiang area had cost 2.39 billion yuan. The expressway is designed to improve the speed of national highway 312 in northern Xinjiang. The project started in August 2006 and several stages have been fully operational since March 2007. Over 3,000 construction workers have
14799:
The Han
Chinese of Xinjiang arrived at different times from different directions and social backgrounds. There are now descendants of criminals and officials who had been exiled from China during the second half of the 18th and the first half of the 19th centuries; descendants of families of military
4846:
in 2016. Following his appointment Chen oversaw the recruitment of tens of thousands of additional police officers and the division of society into three categories: trusted, average, untrustworthy. He instructed his subordinated to "Take this crackdown as the top project," and "to preëmpt the enemy,
2322:
Uyghur
Autonomous Region" instead. The Han Communists in the central government denied the name Xinjiang was colonialist and denied that the central government could be colonialists both because they were communists and because China was a victim of colonialism. However, due to the Uyghur complaints,
18124:
In the Iron Age, in general, Steppe-related and northeastern Asian admixture intensified, with North and East
Xinjiang populations showing more affinity with northeastern Asians and South Xinjiang populations showing more affinity with Central Asians. The genetic structure observed in the Historical
13827:
Xinjiang maintains the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC), an economic and paramilitary organization administered by the Chinese government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). It plays a critical role in the region's economy, owning or being otherwise connected to many companies in
13584:
acts as the top policy-formulation body, and exercises control over the Regional People's Government. The CCP Committee Secretary, generally a member of the Han ethnic group, outranks the Government Chairman, always an Uyghur. The Government Chairman typically serves as a Deputy Committee Secretary.
13229:
Elsewhere, most of Xinjiang's rivers are comparatively short streams fed by the snows of the several ranges of the Tian Shan. Once they enter the populated areas in the mountains' foothills, their waters are extensively used for irrigation, so that the river often disappears in the desert instead of
4729:
industries. Han in Xinjiang are older, better-educated and work in higher-paying professions than their Uyghur counterparts. Han are more likely to cite business reasons for moving to Ürümqi, while some Uyghurs cite legal trouble at home and family reasons for moving to the city. Han and Uyghurs are
4690:
made a nine-day visit to Xinjiang in 1981 and described the region as "unsteady". The Deng era reforms encouraged China's ethnic minorities, including Uyghurs, to establish small private companies for commodity transit, retail, and restaurants. By the early 1990s, a total of 19 billion yuan had been
2351:
Xinjiang consists of two main geographically, historically and ethnically distinct regions with different historical names, Dzungaria north of the Tianshan Mountains and the Tarim Basin south of the Tianshan Mountains, before Qing China unified them into one political entity called Xinjiang Province
13933:
published a report which stated the Chinese government was taking draconian measures to slash birth rates among Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities in Xinjiang, even as it encouraged some of the country's Han majority to have more children. While individual women have spoken out before about forced
13917:
reported that "hundreds" of writers, artists, and academics had been imprisoned in (what the magazine qualified as) an attempt to "punish any form of religious or cultural expression" among Uyghurs. China has also been accused of targeting Muslim religious figures, Mosques and tombs in the region.
4311:
rebellion by the Uyghurs against the Manchu began after Uyghur women were raped by the servants and son of Manchu official Su-cheng. It was said that "Ush Muslims had long wanted to sleep on hides and eat their flesh" because of the months-long abuse. The Manchu emperor ordered the massacre of the
3161:
on the south and gained direct access to the Western Regions. Han China sent Zhang Qian as an envoy to the states of the region, beginning several decades of struggle between the Xiongnu and Han China in which China eventually prevailed. During the 100s BCE, the Silk Road brought increasing Chinese
21447:
Pada 2018, misalnya, persentase kelahiran Uighur adalah 11,9‰, sedangkan Han cuma 9,42‰. Secara keseluruhan, total populasi Uighur di Xinjiang naik dari yang sekitar 8,346 juta pada 2000, ke 11,624 juta lebih pada 2020. Alias rata-rata naik 1,71% tiap tahunnya. Jauh lebih tinggi ketimbang populasi
20499:
Our visit came on the heels of Chinese President Xi Jinping's visit to Ürümqi, where he reportedly stressed on the positive promotion of the region to show an open and confident Xinjiang. Xi also called for Xinjiang to be opened more widely for tourism to encourage visits from domestic and foreign
14879:
After 1831, the Qing encouraged Han Chinese migration into the Tarim Basin, in southern Xinjiang, but with very little success, and permanent troops were stationed on the land there as well. Political killings and expulsions of non-Uyghur populations during the uprisings in the 1860s and the 1930s
4645:
The PRC autonomous region was established on 1 October 1955, replacing the province; that year (the first modern census in China was taken in 1953), Uyghurs were 73 percent of Xinjiang's total population of 5.11 million. Although Xinjiang was designated a "Uygur Autonomous Region" since 1954, more
20251:
The Subcommittee heard that the Government of China has been employing various strategies to persecute Muslim groups living in Xinjiang, including mass detentions, forced labour, pervasive state surveillance and population control. Witnesses were clear that the Government of China's actions are a
14887:
are undercounted in the Chinese census, as in some other censuses. 3.6 million people reside in XPCC administered areas, around 14 percent of Xinjiang's population. While some of the shift has been attributed to an increased Han presence, Uyghurs have also emigrated to other parts of China, where
4653:
Southern Xinjiang is home to most of the Uyghur population, about nine million people, out of a total population of twenty million; fifty-five percent of Xinjiang's Han population, mainly urban, live in the north. This created an economic imbalance, since the northern Junghar basin (Dzungaria) is
4428:
After Xinjiang became a Chinese province, the Qing government encouraged the Uyghurs to migrate from southern Xinjiang to other areas of the province (such as the region between Qitai and the capital, largely inhabited by Han Chinese, and Ürümqi, Tacheng (Tabarghatai), Yili, Jinghe, Kur Kara Usu,
20531:
But amid growing global attention on Xinjiang, China has been eager to portray the region as a "success story" by welcoming more tourists. In a speech that he made while visiting the region last month, Xi said Xinjiang was "no longer a remote area" and should open up more to domestic and foreign
3121:
to the Chinese from the nearby mountains (also known as Yushi) in Gansu. The longtime jade supply from the Tarim Basin is well-documented archaeologically: "It is well known that ancient Chinese rulers had a strong attachment to jade. All of the jade items excavated from the tomb of Fuhao of the
2309:
In 1955, Xinjiang Province was renamed "Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region". The name that was originally proposed was simply "Xinjiang Autonomous Region" because that was the name for the imperial territory. This proposal was not well-received by Uyghurs in the Communist Party, who found the name
18312:
Using qpAdm, we modelled the Tarim Basin individuals as a mixture of two ancient autochthonous Asian genetic groups: the ANE, represented by an Upper Palaeolithic individual from the Afontova Gora site in the upper Yenisei River region of Siberia (AG3) (about 72%), and ancient Northeast Asians,
16140:
is practiced by 1 percent of the population according to the Chinese General Social Survey of 2009. According to a demographic analysis of the year 2010, Muslims formed 58 percent of the province's population. In 1950, there were 29,000 mosques and 54,000 imams in Xinjiang, which fell to 14,000
14179:
of the country, and that plan made Xinjiang a major focus. Accelerating development in Xinjiang is intended by China to achieve a number of objectives, including narrowing the economic gap between Xinjiang and the more developed eastern provinces, as well as alleviating political discontent and
14378:
linking to Shanghai. The oil and petrochemical sector get up to 60 percent of Xinjiang's economy. The region contains over a fifth of China's hydrocarbon resources and has the highest concentration of fossil fuel reserves of any region in the country. The region is rich in coal and contains 40
14237:
Main area is of irrigated agriculture. By 2015, the agricultural land area of the region is 631 thousand km or 63.1 million ha, of which 6.1 million ha is arable land. In 2016, the total cultivated land rose to 6.2 million ha, with the crop production reaching 15.1 million tons. Agriculture in
4874:
on separatism and bribery charges. Such a sentence is usually commuted to life imprisonment. Officials said Sawut was found guilty of incorporating ethnic separatism, violence, and religious extremism content into Uyghur-language textbooks, which had influenced several people to participate in
17532:
The general boundaries of East Turkistan are the Altai range on the northeast, Mongolia on the east, the Kansu corridor or the Su-lo-ho basin on the southeast, the K'un-lun system on the south, the Sarygol and Muztay-ata on the west, the main range of the T'ien-shan system on the north to the
4375:
and in Xinjiang from 1862 to 1877. The conflict led to a reported 20.77 million deaths due to migration and war, with many refugees dying of starvation. Thousands of Muslim refugees from Shaanxi fled to Gansu; some formed battalions in eastern Gansu, intending to reconquer their lands in
2359:
The Qing dynasty was well aware of the differences between the former Buddhist Mongol area to the north of the Tian Shan and the Turkic Muslim area south of the Tian Shan and ruled them in separate administrative units at first. However, Qing people began to think of both areas as part of one
8209:, accounting for more than one sixth of China's total territory and a quarter of its boundary length. Xinjiang is mostly covered with uninhabitable deserts and dry grasslands, with dotted oases conducive to habitation accounting for 9.7 percent of Xinjiang's total area by 2015 at the foot of
18167:, p. 50"This may account for the marked genetic change over time in the Xiaohe population (Li 2010, Li, et al. 2010, Li et al. 2015)." The later Xiaohe people carried diverse east Eurasian maternal lineages, including a dominance of C4 and C5, generally linked to southern Siberia."
14017:
ethnic subgroup of the Han ethnicity, comprising some 10 million people. Thus, the major difference and source of friction with eastern China is ethnicity and religious doctrinal differences that differentiate them politically from other Muslim minorities elsewhere in the country.
20252:
clear attempt to eradicate Uyghur culture and religion. Some witnesses stated that the Government of China's actions meet the definition of genocide as set out in Article II of the 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Genocide Convention).
4045:
unified Mongolia and began his advance west the Uyghur state in the Turpan-Urumchi region offered its allegiance to the Mongols in 1209, contributing taxes and troops to the Mongol imperial effort. In return, the Uyghur rulers retained control of their kingdom; Genghis Khan's
18195:"In this regard, genetic data have recently been discovered from individuals interred in the Xiaohe cemetery from the Tarim Basin. Interestingly, they were shown to have both East Eurasian and West Eurasian mtDNA lineages, but only West Eurasian NRY lineages (Li et al 2010)."
2998:
by anthropologists, Tarim Basin sites also contain both "Caucasoid" and "Mongoloid" remains, indicating contact between newly arrived western nomads and agricultural communities in the east. Mummies have been found in various locations in the Western Tarim Basin such as
13284:
Due to water scarcity, most of Xinjiang's population lives within fairly narrow belts that are stretched along the foothills of the region's mountain ranges in areas conducive to irrigated agriculture. It is in these belts where most of the region's cities are found.
2987:. These mummies have been previously suggested to have been Tocharian or Indo-European speakers, but recent evidence suggest that the earliest mummies belonged to a distinct population unrelated to Indo-European pastoralists and spoke an unknown language, probably a
22419:
20205:
2363:
In the late 19th century, it was still being proposed by some people that two separate regions be created out of Xinjiang, the area north of the Tianshan and the area south of the Tianshan, while it was being argued over whether to turn Xinjiang into a province.
14386:
found a new oil field reserve of 1 billion tons (about 907 million tonnes). That find is regarded as being the largest one in recent decades. As of 2021, the basin produces hydrocarbons at an annual rate of 2 million tons, up from 1.52 million tons from 2020.
2923:
samples from Xinjiang show intensified levels of admixture between Steppe pastoralists and northeast Asians, with northern and eastern Xinjiang showing more affinities with northeast Asians, and southern Xinjiang showing more affinity with central Asians.
16279:
been involved. The 700 m-long Guozi Valley Cable Bridge over the expressway is now currently being constructed, with the 24 main pile foundations already completed. Highway 312 national highway Xinjiang section, connects Xinjiang with China's east coast,
4716:
In 2000, Uyghurs were 45 percent of Xinjiang's population and 13 percent of Ürümqi's population. With nine percent of Xinjiang's population, Ürümqi accounts for 25 percent of the region's GDP; many rural Uyghurs have migrated to the city for work in its
19714:, numerous attacks including attacks on buses, clashes between ETIM militants and Chinese security forces, assassination attempts, attempts to attack Chinese key installations and government buildings have taken place, though many cases go unreported.
13894:
in 2014, which involved mass detention and surveillance of ethnic Uyghurs there; the program was massively expanded by Chen Quanguo when he was appointed as CCP Xinjiang secretary in 2016. The campaign included the detainment of 1.8 million people in
4850:
Chinese authorities have operated internment camps to indoctrinate Uyghurs and other Muslims as part of the People's War since at least 2017. The camps have been criticized by a number of governments and human-rights organizations for patterns of
16270:
In 2008, according to the Xinjiang Transportation Network Plan, the government has focused construction on State Road 314, Alar-Hotan Desert Highway, State Road 218, Qingshui River Line-Yining Highway and State Road 217, as well as other roads.
14845:
Some Uyghur scholars claim descent from both the Turkic Uyghurs and the pre-Turkic Tocharians (or Tokharians, whose language was Indo-European); also, Uyghurs often have relatively-fair skin, hair and eyes and other Caucasoid physical traits.
4240:
and captured the Dzungar khan. After Amursana's request to be declared Dzungar khan went unanswered, he led a revolt against the Qing. Qing armies destroyed the remnants of the Dzungar Khanate over the next two years, and many Han Chinese and
4147:, had replaced the Chagatayid Khans as rulers of the Tarim Basin during the early 17th century. There was a struggle between two Khoja factions: the Afaqi (White Mountain) and the Ishaqi (Black Mountain). The Ishaqi defeated the Afaqi and the
13416:. Han people tend to use Beijing Time, while Uyghurs tend to use Xinjiang Time as a form of resistance to Beijing. Time zones notwithstanding, most schools and businesses open and close two hours later than in the other regions of China.
20233:
14318:(Coregonus peled) from Russia were introduced and investment in breeding infrastructure and technology has consequently made Sayram into the country's largest exporter of northern whitefish with an annual output of over 400 metric tons.
3366:(near present-day Turfan and Ürümqi). The Uyghur state remained in eastern Xinjiang until the 13th century, although it was ruled by foreign overlords. The Kara-Khanids converted to Islam. The Uyghur state in Eastern Xinjiang, initially
2952:/ South Asian lineages. lineages. Over time, the west Eurasian maternal lineages were gradually replaced by east Eurasian maternal lineages. Outmarriage to women from Siberian communities, led to the loss of the original diversity of
14744:
physical type. East Asian migrants arrived in the eastern portions of the Tarim Basin about 3000 years ago and the Uyghur peoples appeared after the collapse of the Orkhon Uyghur Kingdom, based in modern-day Mongolia, around 842 AD.
14310:. A large number of fish ponds have been constructed since the 1970s, their total surface exceeding 10,000 hectares by the 1990s. In 2000, the total of 58,835 tons of fish was produced in Xinjiang, 85 percent of which came from
4671:
In 1980, China allowed the United States to establish electronic listening stations in Xinjiang so the United States could monitor Soviet rocket launches in central Asia in exchange for the United States authorizing the sale of
24053:
In Awat county near Aksu, a huge park, with a statue of 13th century Turkish philosopher Nasiruddin Hodza at the entrance, preserves the tradition of Daolang tribe and their forest of Euphrates poplar, known locally as king of
16297:, head of the Transport Department was quoted as saying that 24,800,000,000 RMB had been invested into Xinjiang's road network in 2010 alone and, by this time, the roads covered approximately 152,000 km (94,000 mi).
14180:
security problems by alleviating poverty and raising the standard of living in order to increase stability. From 2014 to 2020, fiscal transfers from China's central government to Xinjiang grew by an average of 10.4% per year.
3137:, the Tarim and Dzungaria regions were known as the Western Regions. At the beginning of the Han dynasty the region was ruled by the Xiongnu, a powerful nomadic people. During the 2nd century BC, the Han dynasty prepared for
20197:
21831:
14379:
percent of the country's coal reserves or around 2.2 trillion tonnes, which is enough to supply China's thermal coal demand for more than 100 years even if only 15 percent of the estimated coal reserve prove recoverable.
4304:, many Chinese with a variety of occupations were settled in Dzungaria in 1870; in Turkestan (the Tarim Basin), however, only a few Chinese merchants and garrison soldiers were interspersed with the Muslim population.
14294:
The main livestock of the region have traditionally been sheep. Much of the region's pasture land is in its northern part, where more precipitation is available, but there are mountain pastures throughout the region.
22912:
8370:
Much of the Tarim Basin is dominated by the Taklamakan Desert. North of it is the Turpan Depression, which contains the lowest point in Xinjiang and in the entire PRC, at 155 metres (509 ft) below sea level.
6470:* – Altay Prefecture or Tacheng Prefecture are subordinate to Ili Prefecture. / The population or area figures of Ili do not include Altay Prefecture or Tacheng Prefecture which are subordinate to Ili Prefecture.
4312:
Uyghur rebel town; Qing forces enslaved the Uyghur children and women, and killed the Uyghur men. Sexual abuse of Uyghur women by Manchu soldiers and officials triggered deep Uyghur hostility against Manchu rule.
2939:
markers. Genetic analyses of the mummies showed that the paternal lineages of the Xiaohe people were of almost all European origin, while the maternal lineages of the early population were diverse, featuring both
22110:[Statistical Communique of 2016 National Economic and Social Development of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region] (in Simplified Chinese). Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Government. 17 April 2017.
4208:
oases then submitted to the Qing dynasty and asked China to free them from the Dzungars; the Qing accepted their rulers as vassals. They warred against the Dzungars for decades before defeating them; Qing Manchu
20641:
13204:. Its rivers either disappear in the desert, or terminate in salt lakes (within Xinjiang itself, or in neighboring Kazakhstan), instead of running towards an ocean. The northernmost part of the region, with the
14156:). Southern Xinjiang, with 95 percent non-Han population, has an average per capita income half that of Xinjiang as a whole. XPCC plays an outsized role in Xinjiang's economy, with the organization producing
29117:
2279:
in 1878. It can be translated as "new frontier" or "new territory". In fact, the term "Xinjiang" was used in many other places conquered, but never were ruled by Chinese empires directly until the gradual
4691:
spent building in Xinjiang on large and medium sized industrial projects, with an emphasis on developing modern transportation, communications infrastructure, and support for the oil and gas industries.
3357:
and Yaghmas) controlled Western Xinjiang during the 10th and 11th centuries. After the Uyghur Khaganate in Mongolia was destroyed by the Kirghiz in 840, branches of the Uyghurs established themselves in
4471:, took control of the province and acceded in name to the Republic of China in March of that year. Balancing mixed ethnic constituencies, Yang controlled Xinjiang until his 1928 assassination after the
13581:
17307:
14359:
where average annual precipitation in the area has declined to just 31.2 millimeters (1.2 inches), and experiences annual evaporation rate of 2,901 millimeters (114 inches). The area is rich in brine
23393:
4554:, many of whose ethnic and security policies he instituted. The Soviet Union maintained a military base in the province and deployed several military and economic advisors. Sheng invited a group of
14405:
Trade with Central Asian countries is crucial to Xinjiang's economy. Most of the overall import/export volume in Xinjiang was directed to and from Kazakhstan through Ala Pass. China's first border
14209:, are engaged in the commitment of "pairing assistance" support projects in Xinjiang to promote the development of agriculture, industry, technology, education and health services in the region.
4883:
and carrying out "illegal religious activities at his daughter's wedding". Three other educators were sentenced to life in prison. Chen was replaced as Community Party Secretary for Xinjiang by
20494:
18125:
Era of Xinjiang is similar to that in the Iron Age, demonstrating genetic continuity since the Iron Age with some additional genetic admixture with populations surrounding the Xinjiang region.
4407:
18347:
both Europoid and Mongoloid mummies have been found together, also indicates some degree of interaction between existing farming populations and newly arrived nomadic migrants from the West."
14849:
In 2002, there were 9,632,600 males (growth rate of 1.0 percent) and 9,419,300 females (growth rate of 2.2 percent). The population overall growth rate was 1.09 percent, with 1.63 percent of
4419:
in the late 1870s from Yaqub Beg, the Qing dynasty established Xinjiang ("new frontier") as a province in 1884 – making it part of China, and dropping the old names of Zhunbu (
3213:
succumbed to successive waves of invasions by nomads from the north at the beginning of the 4th century. The short-lived kingdoms that ruled northwestern China one after the other, including
19892:
16180:(Seveners) rites are located in the higher mountains of Tajik and Tian Shan. In the western mountains (the Tajiks), almost the entire population of Tajiks (Sarikolis and Wakhis), are Nizari
8345:
in the southwest, the Kunlun Mountains in the south (along the border with Tibet) and the Altai Mountains in the northeast (shared with Mongolia). The region's highest point is the mountain
21417:
18313:
represented by Baikal_EBA (about 28%) (Supplementary Data 1E and Fig. 3a). Tarim_EMBA2 from Beifang can also be modelled as a mixture of Tarim_EMBA1 (about 89%) and Baikal_EBA (about 11%).
27174:
22497:
18357:
Tremblay, Xavier (2007). "The Spread of Buddhism in Serindia: Buddhism Among Iranians, Tocharians and Turks before the 13th Century". In Ann Heirman & Stephan Peter Bumbacker (eds.).
20406:
20295:
918:
With a documented history of at least 2,500 years, a succession of people and empires have vied for control over all or parts of this territory. The territory came under the rule of the
4898:, he praised the organisation's "great progress" in reform and development. During another visit to Xinjiang in August 2023, Xi said in a speech that the region should open up more for
26049:
Aspects of Altaic Civilization III: Proceedings of the Thirtieth Meeting of the Permanent International Altaistic Conference, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, June 19–25, 1987
26039:
Aspects of Altaic Civilization III: Proceedings of the Thirtieth Meeting of the Permanent International Altaistic Conference, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, June 19–25, 1987
24011:
14314:. The Sayram Lake is both the largest alpine lake and highest altitude lake in Xinjiang, and is the location of a major cold-water fishery. Originally Sayram had no fish but in 1998,
5495:
938:(XPCC) to strengthen border defense against the Soviet Union and promote the local economy by settling soldiers into the region. In 1955, Xinjiang was administratively changed from a
22219:
3145:
to explore the mysterious kingdoms to the west and form an alliance with the Yuezhi against the Xiongnu. As a result of the war, the Chinese controlled the strategic region from the
2356:
Dzungar people, while the Tarim Basin was inhabited by sedentary, oasis dwelling, Turkic-speaking Muslim farmers, now known as the Uyghurs, who were governed separately until 1884.
14382:
Tarim basin is the largest oil and gas bearing area in the country with about 16 billion tonnes of oil and gas reserves discovered. The area is still actively explored and in 2021,
21522:
21051:
14298:
Due to the lack of access to the ocean and limited amount of inland water, Xinjiang's fish resources are somewhat limited. Nonetheless, there is a significant amount of fishing in
27450:
14468:
4952:
These are then divided into 13 districts, 29 county-level cities, 60 counties and 6 autonomous counties. Twelve of the county-level cities do not belong to any prefecture and are
4683:
since the late 1970s has exacerbated uneven regional development, more Uyghurs have migrated to Xinjiang's cities and some Han have migrated to Xinjiang for economic advancement.
4615:
4594:
2788:
4266:
except those surrendered." It has been estimated that 80 percent of the 600,000 (or more) Dzungars died from a combination of disease and warfare, and recovery took generations.
13923:
6082:
4135:
The sedentary Turkic Muslims of the Tarim Basin were originally ruled by the Chagatai Khanate and the nomadic Buddhist Oirat Mongols in Dzungaria ruled the Dzungar Khanate. The
17533:
approximate longitude of Aqsu (80 deg. E), then generally northeast to the Altai system which the boundary joins in the vicinity of the Khrebët Nalinsk and Khrebët Sailjuginsk.
16274:
The construction of the first expressway in the mountainous area of Xinjiang began a new stage in its construction on 24 July 2007. The 56 km (35 mi) highway linking
29087:
23802:[3–7 Prefectural, Municipal, and County-level Population by Ethnicity] (in Chinese). Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. 10 June 2020. Archived from
16291:. It is a key factor in Xinjiang's economic development. The population it covers is around 40 percent of the overall in Xinjiang, who contribute half of the GDP in the area.
6116:
17546:
29112:
29082:
29072:
29067:
20313:
6455:
26513:
Hierman, Brent. "The Pacification of Xinjiang: Uighur Protest and the Chinese State, 1988–2002." Problems of Post-Communism, May/June 2007, Vol. 54 Issue 3, pp. 48–62.
24657:
23878:
29092:
21251:
20431:
Selama 4 hari, Xi Jinping mengunjungi sejumlah situs di Xinjiang termasuk perkebunan kapas, zona perdagangan dan museum. Penduduk Uighur pun menyambut Presiden Xi Jinping.
2474:
The east-west chain of the Tian Shan separate Dzungaria in the north from the Tarim Basin in the south. Dzungaria is a dry steppe and the Tarim Basin contains the massive
22050:
21710:
18256:
Zhang, Fan; Ning, Chao; Scott, Ashley; Fu, Qiaomei; Bjørn, Rasmus; Li, Wenying; Wei, Dong; Wang, Wenjun; Fan, Linyuan; Abuduresule, Idilisi; Hu, Xingjun (November 2021).
29151:
29077:
29057:
18205:
Chunxiang Li; Hongjie Li; Yinqiu Cui; Chengzhi Xie; Dawei Cai; Wenying Li; Victor H Mair; Zhi Xu; Quanchao Zhang; Idelis Abuduresule; Li Jin; Hong Zhu; Hui Zhou (2010).
4894:
had documented groups of Uyghurs welcoming his arrival. Xi called on local officials to do more in preserving ethnic minority culture and following an inspection of the
13242:. Some of the salt lakes, having lost much of their fresh water inflow, are now extensively use for the production of mineral salts (used e.g., in the manufacturing of
4626:
surrendered the province to them. Five ETR leaders who were to negotiate with the Chinese about ETR sovereignty died in an airplane crash that year in the outskirts of
3130:
in modern Xinjiang. As early as the mid-first millennium BC, the Yuezhi engaged in the jade trade, of which the major consumers were the rulers of agricultural China."
863:
in the south by a mountain range and only about 9.7 percent of Xinjiang's land area is fit for human habitation. It is home to a number of ethnic groups, including the
29102:
29062:
14149:
13083:
637:
22475:
22290:
21637:
Based on China's Constitution, any sub-national unit, either a province or an ethnic minority autonomous region, does not legally have the right to secede from China.
18617:
Twitchett, Denis; Wechsler, Howard J. (1979). "Kao-tsung (reign 649-83) and the Empress Wu: The Inheritor and the Usurper". In Denis Twitchett; John Fairbank (eds.).
3984:
Present-day Xinjiang consisted of the Tarim Basin and Dzungaria and was originally inhabited by Indo-European Tocharians and Iranian Sakas who practiced Buddhism and
29107:
19804:
17665:
16814:
14272:
is the world's largest cotton exporter, producing 84 percent of Chinese cotton while the country provides 26 percent of global cotton export. Xinjiang also produces
23662:
22812:
22760:
23419:
22864:
23079:
19687:
8303:
in the north and the Tarim Basin in the south. A small V-shaped wedge between these two major basins, limited by the Tian Shan's main range in the south and the
25384:
23797:
21327:
13404:
Despite the province's easternmost point being more than 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) west of Beijing, Xinjiang, like the rest of China, is officially in the
907:. There are more than a dozen autonomous prefectures and counties for minorities in Xinjiang. Older English-language reference works often refer to the area as
22786:
16074:
4467:. The ROC continued to treat the Qing territory as its own, including Xinjiang. Yuan Dahua, the last Qing governor of Xinjiang, fled. One of his subordinates,
511:
22890:
22083:
18076:
Wang, Wenjun; Ding, Manyu; Gardner, Jacob D.; Wang, Yongqiang; Miao, Bo; Guo, Wu; Wu, Xinhua; Ruan, Qiurong; Yu, Jianjun; Hu, Xingjun; Wang, Bo (March 2021).
14367:
and is the second-largest source of potash in the country. Discovery of potash in the mid-1990s, has transformed Lop Nur into a major potash mining industry.
24336:
Hopper, Ben; Webber, Michael (2009), "Migration, Modernisation and Ethnic Estrangement: Uyghur migration to Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PRC",
431:
23390:
22734:
20367:
4120:. Most of the region was renamed "Xinjiang" by the Chinese after the fall of the Dzungar Empire, which existed from the early 17th to the mid-18th century.
20077:
6149:
4297:
20228:"STATEMENT BY THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS CONCERNING THE HUMAN RIGHTS SITUATION OF UYGHURS AND OTHER TURKIC MUSLIMS IN XINJIANG, CHINA"
20103:
4823:
against the "Three Evil Forces" of separatism, terrorism, and extremism. They deployed two hundred thousand party cadres to Xinjiang and the launched the
29963:
26164:
25233:
23355:
23333:
20238:
16145:, there were only about 1,400 remaining mosques. By the mid-1980's, the number of mosques had returned to 1950 levels. According to a 2020 report by the
14448:Ürümqi Export Processing Zone is in Urumuqi Economic and Technology Development Zone. It was established in 2007 as a state-level export processing zone.
4664:
occurred in Uyghur agricultural areas at the same general pace as in most of China. Hunger in Xinjiang was not as great as elsewhere in China during the
23693:
23107:
17865:
17454:
In contemporary geographic terminology, Chinese Turkestan refers to Xinjiang (Sinkiang), the Uighur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China.
23191:
23163:
23135:
22574:
22022:
21442:
17504:
For most of their history, the Uyghurs lived as tribes in a loosely affiliated nation on the northern Chinese border (sometimes called East Turkestan).
16943:
26642:
22145:
20484:
17891:
29764:
23902:
22838:
21736:
16761:
There is no official orthography for Sarikoli in China. This is the spelling used in the Sarikoli-Chinese dictionary written by linguist Gao Erqiang.
14172:
13052:, and Pamir mountain ranges; said tectonics render it a very active earthquake zone. Older geological formations are located in the far north, where
3290:
946:. In recent decades, abundant oil and mineral reserves have been found in Xinjiang and it is currently China's largest natural-gas-producing region.
23016:
21120:
4510:
was self-proclaimed after debate about whether it should be called "East Turkestan" or "Uyghuristan". The region claimed by the ETR encompassed the
3038:(r. 141–87 BC) wrested the western Tarim Basin away from its previous overlords (the Xiongnu), it was inhabited by various peoples who included the
23963:
19900:
17057:
6403:
4856:
2318:, arguing that "autonomy is not given to mountains and rivers. It is given to particular nationalities." Some Uyghur Communists proposed the name "
769:
765:
472:
21407:
21158:
17380:
4400:, canals and other irrigation systems, his regime was considered harsh. The Chinese took decisive action against Yettishar; an army under General
29144:
22653:
21299:
20971:
19195:
6371:
3547:
664:
620:
263:
21943:
17585:
29419:
29403:
26813:
26342:
Zhao, Gang (2006). "Reinventing China Imperial Qing Ideology and the Rise of Modern Chinese National Identity in the Early Twentieth Century".
25489:
25463:
25437:
23523:
21806:
20939:
20396:
20299:
18793:
18563:
Sun, Yi (2024). "Necessitated by Geopolitics: China's Economic and Cultural Initiatives in Central Asia". In Fang, Qiang; Li, Xiaobing (eds.).
17293:
14171:
Economic development of Xinjiang is a priority for China. In 1997, the 26,000 km Uzbek-Kyrgyz-Chinese highway became operational. In 1998, the
13891:
24000:
23309:
23285:
23261:
23237:
23213:
22675:
21994:
20864:
772:
in the world, Xinjiang spans over 1.6 million square kilometres (620,000 sq mi) and has about 25 million inhabitants. Xinjiang
27550:
24932:
21684:
6337:
6215:
4269:
Han and Hui merchants were initially only allowed to trade in the Tarim Basin; their settlement in the Tarim Basin was banned until the 1830
3988:. The Turfan and Tarim Basins were inhabited by speakers of Tocharian languages, with Caucasian mummies found in the region. The area became
2846:
21503:
21220:
13911:
collected over time, that hundreds of thousands of Uyghurs were likely interned in the camps, and they are rapidly being expanded. In 2019,
13234:, which has been dammed at a number of locations along its course, and whose waters have been completely diverted before they can reach the
1409:
1391:
28167:
22201:
15450:
13844:
programs. These efforts include working with state-owned enterprises and private enterprises in the mining sector. For example, during the
8374:
The Dzungarian Basin is slightly cooler, and receives somewhat more precipitation, than the Tarim Basin. Nonetheless, it, too, has a large
4915:
4911:
3175:
363:
21519:
20463:
20265:
18027:
Feng, Q.; Lu, Yan; Ni, X.; Yuan, K.; Yang, Ya-jun; Yang, Xiong; Liu, Chang; Lou, Haiyi; Ning, Zhilin; Wang, Yuchen; Lu, Dongsheng (2017).
17353:
29968:
23458:
21033:
20915:
14198:
13489:
4843:
4523:
3229:, all attempted to maintain the protectorate, with varying degrees of success. After the final reunification of Northern China under the
398:
277:
24034:
22549:
20948:
20580:
18491:
Liu, Xinru (2001), "Migration and Settlement of the Yuezhi-Kushan. Interaction and Interdependence of Nomadic and Sedentary Societies",
4937:(including the sub-provincial autonomous prefecture of Ili, which in turn has two of the seven prefectures within its jurisdiction) for
29137:
28942:
28061:
27685:
19782:
19295:
19055:
13425:
10676:
10671:
6464:
6033:
5442:
4960:(XPCC). Sub-level divisions of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is shown in the adjacent picture and described in the table below:
4957:
4922:
4895:
2949:
2799:
935:
26725:
25983:
24083:
22498:"Xinjiang Poised to Become China's Largest Coal Producer: Will Move Global Coal, Natural Gas, and Crude Oil Markets | China SignPost™"
20841:
20021:
19651:
18978:
4077:
during the mid-14th century, the politically-fractured region was ruled by a number of Persianized Mongol Khans, including those from
29595:
27151:
16902:
14522:
13919:
11508:
11503:
2303:
23639:
22251:
21657:
20809:
357:
29665:
29651:
26469:
24076:[Representative Zulfiya Abdiqadir: evidence that Xinjiang's transport projects are developing more with each passing day].
21707:
17554:
14514:
14438:
13871:
13477:
13213:
10932:
10927:
3971:
3282:
24515:
23048:
22982:
22943:
4812:
by several entities (including Russia, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States until October 2020, and the United Nations).
349:
29675:
29655:
29371:
28845:
27264:
24666:
23865:
20579:[Administrative code of the county or above in the People's Republic of China in December 2014] (in Simplified Chinese).
20175:
16440:
14916:
14518:
7319:
6692:
5767:
5118:
4285:
3314:
2644:
2210:
21243:
20548:
17186:
15429:
27864:
23337:
23315:
23291:
23267:
23243:
23219:
22944:"A journalist in China: Tim Hathaway writes about his experience reporting and writing for state-run 'Xinjiang Economic Daily'"
22366:
22111:
21780:
21704:
20775:
20746:
20717:
20616:
18532:
17005:
16880:
13159:
11572:
11567:
10287:
3338:. It occupied the Tang capital of Chang'an in 763 for 16 days, and controlled southern Xinjiang by the end of the century. The
26492:
23334:"Communiqué of the National Bureau of Statistics of People's Republic of China on Major Figures of the 2010 Population Census"
16785:, and the former Ili Prefecture. Ili Prefecture has been disbanded and its former area is now directly administered by Ili AP.
14899:, in Eastern Xinjiang. The Han are the majority in Eastern and Northern Xinjiang (Dzungaria), including the cities of Ürümqi,
4859:
Xi Jinping said: "Practice has proven that the party's strategy for governing Xinjiang in the new era is completely correct."
4855:, with various characterizations up to and including that of a genocide being perpetrated by the Chinese government. In 2020,
4000:
was attacked by the Turkic Muslim Karakhanid ruler Musa; the Karakhanid leader Yusuf Qadir Khan conquered Khotan around 1006.
29938:
29631:
27216:
26715:
26675:
26635:
26613:
26605:
26597:
26589:
26570:
26549:
26528:
26390:
26332:
26311:
26290:
26269:
26248:
26227:
26206:
26153:
26120:
26099:
26078:
26057:
26027:
26006:
25964:
25920:
25899:
25878:
25846:
25825:
25768:
25747:
25726:
25705:
25684:
25663:
25642:
25621:
25600:
25579:
25558:
25537:
25508:
25373:
25341:
25320:
25299:
25278:
25219:
25198:
25175:
25143:
25122:
25093:
25072:
25053:
25032:
25011:
24990:
24969:
24921:
24889:
24868:
24847:
24826:
24805:
24784:
24738:
24717:
24696:
24646:
24625:
24591:
24570:
24504:
24326:
24305:
24276:
24255:
24233:
24212:
24191:
24170:
24149:
23942:
23748:
23452:
22714:
22619:
22454:
21875:
21480:
21093:
20900:
20783:
20754:
20725:
20655:
19566:
19530:
19492:
19455:
19267:
18680:
18651:
18626:
18601:
18475:
18366:
18336:
18188:
18148:
17806:
17742:
17232:
17091:
16853:
16491:
16146:
6744:
4828:
2564:
26110:
26001:. Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East. Vol. 74 (3rd, illustrated ed.). Scarecrow Press.
25910:
25778:
Perdue, Peter C. (October 1996), "Military Mobilization in Seventeenth and Eighteenth-Century China, Russia, and Mongolia",
19865:
18778:
17822:
16521:
from Turpan runs southwest along the southern footslopes of the Tian Shan into the Tarim Basin, with stops at Yanqi, Korla,
16149:, since 2017, Chinese authorities have destroyed or damaged 16,000 mosques in Xinjiang – 65 percent of the region's total.
3081:
Yuezhi culture is documented in the region. The first known reference to the Yuezhi was in 645 BC by the Chinese chancellor
29943:
29463:
28904:
28810:
28190:
28066:
27303:
26988:
22471:
22280:
21670:各民族自治地方都是中华人民共和国不可分离的部分 – Each and every ethnic autonomous region is an inseparable part of the People's Republic of China.
21563:
15492:
14912:
14892:
14584:
14383:
13961:
10548:
10543:
7982:
7788:
7576:
6666:
5832:
5735:
5140:
5107:
4547:
4442:
3989:
2764:
950:
17:
23926:
China Rights Annals 1 Human Rights Developments in the People's Republic of China from October 1983 through September 1984
19814:
19750:
17647:
17020:
16979:
16820:
15256:
P = Prefecture; AP = Autonomous prefecture; PLC = Prefecture-level city; DACLC = Directly administered county-level city.
14175:
was completed, linking several key areas in Xinjiang. In 2000, the government articulated its strategy for developing the
29857:
29626:
27211:
23670:
22808:
22756:
20512:
13841:
13408:
time zone, known by residents as Beijing Time. Despite this, some residents, local organizations and governments observe
13230:
reaching the lake to whose basin it nominally belongs. This is the case even with the main river of the Tarim Basin, the
13077:
4809:
4104:
The Mongolian Dzungars were the collective identity of several Oirat tribes which formed and maintained, one of the last
3162:
economic and cultural influence to the region. In 60 BCE, Han China established the Protectorate of the Western Regions (
3066:) as well as the Han Chinese people. Some linguists posit that the Tocharian language had high amounts of influence from
3026:
were probably part of the migration of Indo-European speakers who had settled in Tarim Basin of Xinjiang long before the
2560:
2177:
341:
23411:
22860:
17414:
16947:
14144:) as of 2022. Economic growth has been fueled by to discovery of the abundant reserves of coal, oil, gas as well as the
13593:
29953:
29415:
28158:
28056:
26806:
22318:"The impact of human activities on natural capital and ecosystem services of natural pastures in North Xinjiang, China"
21386:
20606:
19139:
19060:[Viewing the Stability of Xinjiang Officials and Xinjiang in the Case of Bin Jing] (in Chinese). Archived from
4563:
2959:
The Tarim population was therefore always notably diverse, reflecting a complex history of admixture between people of
2452:
24142:
History of civilizations of Central Asia. 5: Development in contrast: from the sixteenth to the mid-nineteenth century
24105:
23071:
19948:
19702:
18756:
Haines, R Spencer (2016). "The Physical Remains of the Zunghar Legacy in Central Eurasia: Some Notes from the Field".
17688:
4753:
in 44 languages, compared with four in 1952. According to official statistics, the ratio of doctors, medical workers,
32:
This article is about the administrative division of the People's Republic of China. For the geographical region, see
29160:
28760:
28681:
28481:
27416:
26182:
25975:
25392:
24425:. Vol. 9. Harvard Asia Law Society, Harvard Asia Business Club, and Asia at the Graduate School of Design. 2005.
23803:
22782:
21915:
21542:
20679:
19242:
19168:
19112:
18576:
18449:
17497:
16609:
16569:
16382:
16358:
15408:
14908:
11757:
9965:
9447:
9315:
8815:
8437:
8282:
8206:
7717:
7409:
6640:
5702:
5097:
5085:
4646:
than 50 percent of its area is designated autonomous areas for 13 native non-Uyghur groups. Modern Uyghurs developed
4464:
4273:, when the Qing rewarded merchants for fighting off Khoja by allowing them to settle in the basin. The Uyghur Muslim
3539:
2839:
923:
22886:
21184:
20137:
16340:
13378:
is typically found in the Tian Shan starting at the elevation of about 3,500–3,700 m above sea level. Discontinuous
9977:
8264:
3393:(Western Liao), which ruled the Kara-Khanid and Uyghur-held parts of the Tarim Basin for the next century. Although
29338:
28365:
27563:
22077:
19330:
18942:
18770:
18758:
Paper Presented at the Social and Environmental Changes on the Mongolian Plateau Workshop, Canberra, ACT, Australia
18384:"The deviant typological profile of the Tocharian branch of Indo-European may be due to Uralic substrate influence"
16770:
15555:
14932:
14920:
13212:, is the only exception. But even so, a significant part of the Irtysh's waters were artificially diverted via the
8513:
8449:
7849:
7550:
7293:
6822:
6181:
5929:
5173:
4567:
4438:
3807:
3226:
2592:
239:
26697:
Ethnological Information on China: A Collection; Articles from Various Issues of Sovetskai͡a Ėtnografii͡a (Moscow)
24659:
In the Eye of Power: China and Xinjiang from the Qing Conquest to the 'New Great Game' for Central Asia, 1759–2004
22730:
21966:
21432:
18771:
Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen Gibb; Bernard Lewis; Johannes Hendrik Kramers; Charles Pellat; Joseph Schacht (1998).
13361:
4750:
973:
against Uyghurs and other ethnic and religious minorities in the province including, according to some, genocide.
28340:
27889:
26407:
19400:
16843:
16580:, opened in 2020, provides an outlet to Qinghai. Planning is underway on additional intercity railways. Railways
13865:
13126:
12921:
12857:
12665:
12601:
12537:
12473:
12409:
12345:
12217:
12153:
12089:
11961:
11897:
11705:
11643:
11515:
11387:
11259:
11067:
10939:
10875:
10811:
10555:
10491:
10427:
10363:
10233:
10169:
10105:
9849:
9785:
9721:
9657:
9525:
9461:
8576:
8569:
8564:
4880:
4852:
3306:
3298:
3233:
empire, its protectorate controlled what is now the southeastern region of Xinjiang. Local states such as Shule,
2813:
970:
24749:
19017:
Ildikó Bellér-Hann, "Situating the Uyghurs Between China and Central Asia"; Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2007; p.39
12729:
12025:
11833:
11579:
11451:
11131:
10747:
10683:
9263:
8951:
8704:
28083:
28078:
27809:
27586:
27462:
27433:
27387:
25065:
Through the Jade Gate to Rome: A Study of the Silk Routes during the Later Han Dynasty, 1st to 2nd centuries CE
24108:[Xinjiang will focus on planning the formation of a four-hour economic circle for intercity railways].
20111:
19447:
19076:
18926:
18910:
18894:
18862:
17036:"Statistical communiqué of the People's Republic of China on the 2023 national economic and social development"
16336:
16227:
16223:
16199:
14953:
14777:
12793:
12281:
11769:
11323:
11195:
11003:
10619:
10299:
9593:
9327:
9203:
9079:
9015:
8827:
8764:
8260:
4785:
4582:
4450:
3832:
3741:
3222:
2941:
2780:
2587:
2256:
1401:
1264:
28136:
26172:
25256:
23341:
20227:
18964:
Peter Perdue, China marches west: the Qing conquest of Central Eurasia. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press, 2005.
17035:
10041:
9143:
28800:
28430:
27869:
27779:
27428:
27355:
27144:
26799:
23713:
23541:
23101:
18733:
18717:
18701:
18004:
17988:
17972:
17956:
17940:
16876:
16463:
14891:
In general, Uyghurs are the majority in Southwestern Xinjiang, including the prefectures of Kashgar, Khotan,
14001:
in the Xinjiang Province are religion and ethnicity. Religiously, the most Uyghur peoples of Xinjiang follow
12594:
12589:
12530:
12525:
4797:
4710:
4507:
4446:
4356:
4348:) became the targets of genocide. Xinjiang was primarily semi-arid or desert and unattractive to non-trading
4330:
4073:
for rule of the region and the latter controlled most of it. After the Chagatai Khanate divided into smaller
3515:
3507:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
2775:
2738:
1541:
1383:
1152:
445:
25697:
The Bloody White Baron: The Extraordinary Story of the Russian Nobleman Who Became the Last Khan of Mongolia
24665:(Thesis). Brisbane: Dept. of International Business & Asian Studies, Griffith University. Archived from
23185:
23157:
23129:
22584:
14098:
13881:
the denial of due legal process and fair trials and failure to hold genuinely open trials as mandated by law
13353:
4607:
The Soviet-backed Second East Turkestan Republic encompassed Xinjiang's Ili, Tarbagatay and Altay districts.
4256:
described the resulting desolation in present-day northern Xinjiang as "an empty plain for several thousand
2524:
28226:
28088:
27854:
27839:
27540:
27397:
26710:. The White Horse Press for the Mongolia and Inner Asia Studies Unit at the University of Cambridge. 2002.
22834:
22522:
22134:
19190:
18878:
17619:
16436:
16156:
report in March 2024, there are more than 100 Islamic associations in Xinjiang where imams have lessons in
13845:
12973:
12781:
9913:
9581:
9577:
9383:
9131:
9067:
9003:
8887:
8640:
8628:
4871:
4824:
4657:
3964:
3769:
3716:
2832:
2504:
2347:
Physical map showing the separation of Dzungaria and the Tarim Basin (Altishahr) by the Tien Shan Mountains
2131:
The general region of Xinjiang has been known by many different names throughout time. These names include
1555:
1166:
27470:
26620:
26437:
Côté, Isabelle (2011). "Political mobilization of a regional minority: Han Chinese settlers in Xinjiang".
23899:
22082:[12–13 Sown Area of Crops in Major Years] (in Simplified Chinese). Statistics Bureau of Xinjiang.
21728:
20340:
20047:
19032:
18846:
13470:
13463:
4270:
29948:
29300:
28894:
28177:
27879:
27874:
27804:
27568:
27409:
24481:
23004:
21109:
15762:
14560:
14412:
14371:
12985:
4801:
4612:
4539:
4416:
3410:
2743:
2272:
1497:
1108:
1046:
943:
745:
382:
63:
21460:
18207:"Evidence that a West-East admixed population lived in the Tarim Basin as early as the early Bronze Age"
17751:
17152:
14874:
process of settling Han, Hui, and Uyghur settlers into Northern Xinjiang (Dzungaria) in the 18th century
29789:
29756:
29718:
29643:
29431:
29394:
28093:
27721:
21085:
20981:
19384:
17390:
16558:
14884:
14375:
9395:
8031:
Turpan Prefecture is currently known as Turpan PLC after 2010 census; Turpan CLC is currently known as
5481:
2683:
2640:
2352:
in 1884. At the time of the Qing conquest in 1759, Dzungaria was inhabited by steppe dwelling, nomadic
1949:
1796:
1698:
1632:
1336:
26785:
22643:
19185:
19134:
13048:
Xinjiang is geologically young. Collision of the Indian and the Eurasian plates formed the Tian Shan,
29821:
29774:
29731:
29613:
28124:
27884:
27769:
27500:
26749:
26439:
26145:
War Finance and Logistics in Late Imperial China: A Study of the Second Jinchuan Campaign (1771–1776)
26112:
The Horse that Leaps Through Clouds: A Tale of Espionage, the Silk Road, and the Rise of Modern China
25085:
Population Migration and Labor Market Segmentation: Empirical Evidence from Xinjiang, Northwest China
22611:
21931:
21867:
21003:
20705:
20570:
19558:
19476:
19234:
19104:
17577:
17224:
16530:
16518:
16507:
16487:
16455:
16426:
16332:
14145:
13899:, mostly Uyghurs, but also including other ethnic and religious minorities, by 2020. An October 2018
13896:
13887:
13861:
13258:
13238:. In the Dzungarian basin, a similar situation occurs with most rivers that historically flowed into
13069:
12402:
12397:
8375:
8256:
4097:
to the east: the successor Chagatai regime based in Mongolia and China. During the 17th century, the
3436:
3210:
2945:
2809:
1745:
1655:
1243:
41:
26426:
24485:
Handbooks Prepared Under the Direction of the Historical Section of the Foreign Office, Issues 67–74
23508:
21802:
17212:
8353:
located 8,611 metres (28,251 ft) above sea level in the Karakoram Mountains on the border with
1886:
820:
mountain ranges occupy much of Xinjiang's borders, as well as its western and southern regions. The
29836:
29826:
29779:
29769:
29736:
29660:
29546:
29519:
29514:
29456:
27849:
27680:
27382:
27250:
27246:
27137:
26833:
24369:
23698:
23666:
23319:
23295:
23271:
23247:
23223:
22679:
22648:
21727:
Martina, Michael; Blanchard, Ben; Spring, Jake (20 July 2016). Ruwitch, John; Macfie, Nick (eds.).
20081:
20046:
Martina, Michael; Blanchard, Ben; Spring, Jake (20 July 2016). Ruwitch, John; Macfie, Nick (eds.).
18493:
16577:
16573:
16562:
16412:
16321:
16137:
14326:
14269:
13900:
12146:
12141:
11252:
11247:
10356:
10351:
10226:
10221:
8245:
4527:
4337:
4301:
4172:
3736:
3426:
3286:
2727:
2617:
2612:
1902:
24939:
24913:
Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: A Political History of Republican Sinkiang 1911–1949
24065:
21681:
21147:
18802:, p. 203, "By the autumn of 1759, the entire periphery of the Tarim basin had been pacified".
14834:
14434:
4498:, Yang's successor, involving Uyghurs, other Turkic groups and Hui (Muslim) Chinese. Jin enlisted
2367:
Xinjiang is a large, sparsely populated area, spanning over 1.6 million km (comparable in size to
29524:
29323:
28730:
28636:
28354:
27844:
27759:
27664:
27254:
27111:
25234:"Nationalists, Muslims Warlords, and the "Great Northwestern Development" in Pre-Communist China"
24243:
22706:
21907:
21212:
19870:
19743:
18568:
16396:
16390:
16325:
14552:
13991:
13174:
12722:
12717:
12658:
12653:
11188:
11183:
9714:
9709:
8322:
8249:
8000:
Hami Prefecture is currently known as Hami PLC after 2010 census; Hami CLC is currently known as
4816:
4805:
4773:
4680:
3957:
3721:
3666:
3294:
3234:
3067:
3059:
2916:
2622:
2372:
931:
833:
657:
26887:
21496:
17441:
16420:
4706:
2400:
962:
29973:
29509:
28602:
28151:
27920:
27269:
27242:
23934:
21600:
17827:
17798:
17336:
16458:
runs along the northern footslopes of the Tian Shan range through Changji, Shihezi, Kuytun and
16219:
14773:
14489:
13971:
13676:
11636:
11631:
10420:
10415:
4377:
4248:
The native Dzungar Oirat Mongols suffered greatly from the brutal campaigns and a simultaneous
3756:
2960:
2904:
2607:
2428:
729:
719:
603:
24412:
The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature, Volume 23
23723:
23551:
23442:
20919:
19410:
19086:
18952:
18936:
18920:
18904:
18872:
17527:
17107:
16909:. Consulate General of the People's Republic of China in Toronto. 16 June 2021. Archived from
13382:
usually occurs down to 2,700–3,300 m, but in certain locations, due to the peculiarity of the
4742:. In 2010, Uyghurs were a majority in the Tarim Basin and a plurality in Xinjiang as a whole.
4185:
29831:
29797:
29741:
28749:
28330:
28199:
28073:
28036:
27829:
27360:
25500:
Eastern Turkestan and Dzungaria, and the rebellion of the Tungans and Taranchis, 1862 to 1866
25099:
24039:
22316:
Dong, Xiaobin; Yang, Weikun; Ulgiati, Sergio; Yan, Maochao; Zhang, Xinshi (24 January 2012).
20934:
20574:
20234:
Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development
20025:
19774:
19426:
19318:
19042:
18888:
18856:
18743:
18727:
18711:
18383:
18326:
18178:
18138:
18014:
17998:
17982:
17966:
17950:
17489:
17409:
16744:
16448:
16133:
14873:
14838:
14580:
14238:
Xinjiang is dominated by the XPCC, which employs a majority of the organization's workforce.
13857:
10868:
10863:
9906:
9901:
8084:
8001:
5681:
4934:
4926:
4598:
4229:
4128:
4085:
emirs), Uigurstan (later Turpan) and Kashgaria. These leaders warred with each other and the
4023:
3552:
2314:, the first chairman of Xinjiang, registered his strong objections to the proposed name with
1854:
825:
29045:
Tacheng and Altay are prefectures within and under the administration of the Ili Prefecture.
20064:
19287:
19061:
18029:"Genetic History of Xinjiang's Uyghurs Suggests Bronze Age Multiple-Way Contacts in Eurasia"
17872:(Podcast). Beyond Huaxia: A College History of China and Japan. Event occurs at 60:00–62:18
17761:
14895:
and Aksu (about 80 percent of Xinjiang's Uyghurs live in those four prefectures) as well as
13848:, officials paired 1,000 villages with 1,000 enterprises for economic development projects.
13120:. It is at least 2,647 km (1,645 mi) (straight-line distance) from any coastline.
4396:. Beg settled in Kashgar, and soon controlled Xinjiang. Although he encouraged trade, built
2903:
The earliest inhabitants of the region encompassing modern day Xinjiang were genetically of
29863:
29726:
29670:
28548:
27824:
27701:
27276:
26650:
25354:
China; Political, Commercial, and Social: In an Official Report to Her Majesty's Government
24073:
23867:
Explaining Christianity in China: Why a Foreign Religion has Taken Root in Unfertile Ground
23519:
22951:
22329:
21965:
HERNÁNDEZ-MORALES, AITOR; MATHIESEN, KARL; LAU, STUART; LEALI, GIORGIO (10 February 2021).
21776:
21751:
21499:
21364:
19522:
19518:
18974:
18269:
18089:
17648:"'Absolutely No Mercy': Leaked Files Expose How China Organized Mass Detentions of Muslims"
17001:
16903:"Main Data of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from the Seventh National Population Census"
16819:[6-1 Natural Resources] (in Chinese). Statistics Bureau of Xinjiang. Archived from
16467:
16243:
16187:
16177:
14311:
14148:
policy introduced by the State Council to boost economic development in Western China. Its
13941:
13534:
12850:
12845:
12274:
12269:
11954:
11949:
11380:
11375:
10996:
10991:
10804:
10799:
10612:
10607:
4930:
4781:
4535:
3039:
2648:
437:
221:
25945:
Bones in the Sand: The Struggle to Create Uighur Nationalist Ideologies in Xinjiang, China
25634:
The Empire And the Khanate: A Political History of Qing Relations With Khoqand C.1760-1860
23772:
23627:
16910:
3397:
and Chinese were the primary administrative languages, Persian and Uyghur were also used.
3008:
2984:
199:
8:
29958:
29621:
29556:
29449:
28279:
28241:
28010:
27975:
27955:
27859:
27834:
27794:
27558:
27392:
27298:
27183:
27004:
26911:
25191:
Empire, Colony, Genocide: Conquest, Occupation, and Subaltern Resistance in World History
24297:
Community Matters in Xinjiang, 1880–1949: Towards a Historical Anthropology of the Uyghur
24248:
Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present
22241:
20799:
20489:
20296:"China sentences Uyghur former government officials to death for 'separatist activities'"
19661:
16238:
16142:
14540:
In 1995, there were 50 minority-language newspapers published in Xinjiang, including the
12466:
12461:
12210:
12205:
11890:
11885:
10162:
10157:
8697:
8692:
4899:
4793:
4777:
4731:
4673:
4639:
4635:
4472:
4163:
believed that the "infidel Kalmuks" (Dzungars) built Buddhist monuments in their region.
4113:
3993:
3523:
3346:
3138:
3075:
2860:
2664:
2513:
2460:
2404:
966:
552:
26480:
24493:
Great Britain. Foreign Office. Historical Section (1973). George Walter Prothero (ed.).
22333:
21110:"China Promises Unfulfilled, An Assessment of China's National Human Rights Action Plan"
20443:
19163:
R. Michael Feener, "Islam in World Cultures: Comparative Perspectives", ABC-CLIO, 2004,
18273:
18093:
17517:
14812:
and Hunan; and descendants of peasants who started immigrating into the region in 1776.
13883:
e.g. to suspects arrested following ethnic violence in the city of Ürümqi's 2009 riots.
4062:. This branch of the Mongol family kept the Yuan dynasty at bay until their rule ended.
3245:
controlled the western region, while the central region around Turpan was controlled by
1018:
163:
29168:
28617:
28440:
28251:
28231:
27789:
27784:
27731:
27606:
26456:
26367:
26359:
25803:
25795:
25483:
25457:
25431:
25407:
23924:
23635:
23038:
22974:
22246:
21628:
21550:
21116:
20831:
19998:
19342:
18506:
18464:
18423:
18298:
18257:
18233:
18206:
18110:
18077:
18058:
17791:
17693:
17652:
17348:
17287:
16778:
15596:
14765:
14568:
14534:
13979:
13876:
13708:
13383:
13155:
13057:
12914:
12909:
12338:
12333:
12082:
12077:
11124:
11119:
11060:
11055:
9650:
9645:
8304:
7743:
7627:
7602:
7454:
6848:
6770:
5962:
5864:
5184:
5151:
4665:
4661:
4555:
4511:
4372:
4116:
to present-day Eastern Kazakhstan and from present-day Northern Kyrgyzstan to Southern
3852:
3797:
3676:
3447:
3342:
took control of Northern Xinjiang, much of Central Asia and Mongolia at the same time.
3134:
1300:
1292:
864:
529:
244:
29129:
26780:
26643:"Islamic Countries Engage with China Against the Background of Repression in Xinjiang"
26541:
Saintly Brokers: Uyghur Muslims, Trade, and the Making of Qing Central Asia, 1696–1814
24001:"China: Nearly two-thirds of Xinjiang mosques damaged or demolished, new report shows"
23378:
The Tarim Mummies: Ancient China and the Mystery of the Earliest Peoples from the West
22051:"Revealed: UK solar projects using panels from firms linked to Xinjiang forced labour"
21649:
21359:
20165:
19836:
19726:
19473:
The Dragon Roars Back: Transformational Leaders and Dynamics of Chinese Foreign Policy
18696:
The Empire of the Qara Khitai in Eurasian History: Between China and the Islamic World
17483:
14589:
13399:
2286:
administrative reform, including regions in Southern China. For instance, present-day
1681:
1319:
690:
29933:
29896:
29097:
29026:
28966:
28952:
28302:
28274:
28236:
28216:
28144:
28112:
28046:
27819:
27814:
27799:
27751:
27706:
27591:
27515:
27510:
27494:
27223:
26711:
26671:
26631:
26609:
26601:
26593:
26585:
26576:
26566:
26545:
26524:
26460:
26386:
26371:
26328:
26307:
26286:
26265:
26244:
26223:
26202:
26149:
26116:
26095:
26074:
26053:
26023:
26002:
25971:
25960:
25916:
25895:
25874:
25842:
25821:
25807:
25764:
25743:
25722:
25701:
25680:
25659:
25638:
25617:
25596:
25575:
25554:
25533:
25504:
25369:
25337:
25316:
25295:
25274:
25248:
25215:
25194:
25171:
25139:
25118:
25089:
25068:
25049:
25028:
25007:
24986:
24965:
24917:
24885:
24864:
24843:
24822:
24801:
24780:
24734:
24713:
24692:
24642:
24621:
24587:
24566:
24500:
24356:
24322:
24301:
24282:
24272:
24251:
24229:
24208:
24187:
24166:
24145:
23973:
23938:
23874:
23754:
23744:
23448:
22710:
22625:
22615:
22450:
22345:
22211:
21911:
21881:
21871:
21632:
21620:
21476:
21410:[Uighur population up 25 percent, Xinjiang government helps check families].
21391:
21273:
21089:
21043:
20896:
20779:
20750:
20721:
20661:
20651:
20544:
19976:
19922:
19759:
19572:
19562:
19526:
19488:
19451:
19346:
19263:
19238:
19164:
19108:
18676:
18668:
18647:
18622:
18597:
18572:
18510:
18471:
18445:
18427:
18415:
18362:
18332:
18303:
18285:
18238:
18184:
18144:
18115:
18050:
17802:
17738:
17657:
17493:
17343:
17246:
17238:
17228:
17182:
17127:
17087:
16849:
16581:
16294:
16264:
15148:
14935:
in Northern Xinjiang. Kazakhs are the majority in the northernmost part of Xinjiang.
14793:
13987:
13957:
13936:
13913:
13908:
13837:
13577:
13379:
13267:
13123:
In 1992, local geographers determined another point within Xinjiang –
12018:
12013:
11826:
11821:
11698:
11444:
11439:
10098:
10093:
10034:
10029:
9842:
9837:
9778:
9773:
9518:
9513:
8944:
8939:
8386:
8364:
8198:
8032:
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in the city is widespread in residential concentration, employment relationships and
4650:
in 1955, when the PRC recognized formerly separately self-identified oasis peoples.
4515:
4140:
3997:
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3499:
3310:
3055:
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1577:
1569:
1360:
1188:
1180:
958:
954:
939:
927:
908:
892:
230:
37:
26520:
Holy War in China: The Muslim Rebellion and State in Chinese Central Asia, 1864–1877
23826:
22363:
22341:
22105:
21650:"中华人民共和国民族区域自治法 – Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy"
20198:"Former inmates of China's Muslim 'reeducation' camps tell of brainwashing, torture"
19999:"Turkey lists "E. Turkestan Islamic Movement" as terrorists – People's Daily Online"
18524:
18062:
17436:
14815:
13997:
According to the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies, the two main sources for
13836:
Local governments in Xinjiang seek to address ethnic tensions in the region through
4573:, informed by the Soviet Union of Shicai's intention to join it, transferred him to
4455:
29802:
29571:
29541:
29499:
28972:
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28460:
28269:
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27288:
27228:
27066:
26950:
26503:
26448:
26351:
25787:
24386:
24345:
23948:
23043:[After the '5 July' riots, Xinjiang completely restores Internet service].
22337:
21612:
21468:
20372:
20170:
19893:"Deadly Terrorist Attack in Southwestern China Blamed on Separatist Muslim Uighurs"
19747:
19536:
19480:
19334:
18498:
18405:
18395:
18293:
18277:
18228:
18218:
18183:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.
18105:
18097:
18078:"Ancient Xinjiang mitogenomes reveal intense admixture with high genetic diversity"
18040:
16782:
16716:
16680:
16674:
16636:
16526:
16241:
baseball team, an integrated Uyghur and Han group profiled in the documentary film
16231:
15620:
15044:
14526:
14395:
13930:
13746:
13727:
10484:
10479:
8350:
8300:
8214:
7951:
7653:
7614:
7480:
7008:
6874:
6796:
6202:
5996:
5897:
5618:
5517:
5338:
5232:
5195:
5162:
4870:—former heads of Xinjiang's education and justice departments respectively—both to
4735:
4684:
4214:
4070:
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3822:
3626:
3339:
3071:
2988:
2733:
2687:
2669:
2659:
2468:
2436:
2371:), which takes up about one sixth of the country's territory. Xinjiang borders the
2353:
2148:
1759:
1586:
1448:
1197:
1073:
1010:
965:
and clashes between separatist and government forces. These conflicts prompted the
888:
813:
773:
592:
83:
26774:
26761:
26301:
25857:
24482:
Great Britain. Foreign Office. Historical Section, George Walter Prothero (1920).
22317:
21082:
China's Contained Resource Curse: How Minerals Shape State-Capital-Labor Relations
20022:"Turkey-China Relations: From "Strategic Cooperation" to "Strategic Partnership"?"
19512:
17608:"East Turkestan: Chinese Authorities Confiscate Passports Amid Security Crackdown"
16466:. Together, the Northern Xinjiang and the Lanzhou-Xinjiang lines form part of the
14571:, until restoring Internet to the same level as the rest of China on 14 May 2010.
14164:), or around 19.7% of Xinjiang's economy, while the per capita GDP was CN¥98,748 (
4585:(ETR) in the Ili region while most of Xinjiang remained under Kuomintang control.
4221:
crushed their revolt, and by 1759 China controlled Dzungaria and the Tarim Basin.
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25815:
25758:
25737:
25716:
25695:
25674:
25653:
25632:
25611:
25590:
25571:
Socialist Revolutions in Asia: The Social History of Mongolia in the 20th Century
25569:
25548:
25527:
25498:
25409:
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21546:
21526:
21507:
21497:
The Xinjiang Conflict: Uyghur Identity, Language, Policy, and Political Discourse
21153:
20893:
PERMAFROST: Sixth International Conference. Proceedings. July 5–9, Beijing, China
20445:
China's President Xi visits far western Xinjiang region for first time in 8 years
19754:
19711:
19683:
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18772:
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rising in the Altai Mountains, that flows (via Kazakhstan and Russia) toward the
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2001:
1964:
1925:
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1695:
1611:
1527:
1333:
1222:
1138:
753:
596:
309:
108:
25655:
Great Britain and Chinese, Russian and Japanese interests in Sinkiang, 1918–1934
25411:
Géographie mathématique, physique & politique de toutes les parties du monde
25103:
25003:
Toward Better Governance in China: An Unconventional Pathway of Political Reform
24706:
Dunnell, Ruth W.; Elliott, Mark C.; Foret, Philippe; Millward, James A. (2004).
22920:
21577:
20485:"China's Xinjiang: A marvel of wild beauty and a land full of culture and charm"
16721:
4757:
and hospital beds to the general population surpasses the national average; the
994:
192:
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27283:
26899:
26862:
26421:
25529:
Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnicity, and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759–1864
25229:
24390:
24349:
23373:
22579:
22285:
21999:
21189:
20895:, vol. 2, South China University of Technology Press, pp. 1105–1107,
20804:
20517:
20468:
20142:
20107:
19809:
19338:
18281:
16554:
16546:
16522:
16483:
16153:
16136:, Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism, practiced essentially by the Han Chinese.
16129:
16070:
15664:
15213:
15200:
15109:
15057:
14854:
14749:
14741:
14564:
14464:
14261:
13983:
13606:
13337:
8820:
8442:
8394:
8174:
8131:
8097:
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6927:
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5746:
5302:
5211:
4835:
4746:
4722:
4718:
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4499:
4385:
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4232:
which began during the 17th century. In 1755, with the help of the Oirat noble
4156:
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4013:
3985:
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3250:
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2416:
2408:
2242:
2176:
Between the 2nd century BCE and 2nd century CE, the Han Empire established the
2038:
1719:
1593:
1511:
1357:
1204:
1122:
912:
900:
33:
26791:
26670:. Universität Bonn. Ostasiatische Seminar (in German). O. Harrassowitz. 1982.
26219:
Eurasian Corridors of Interconnection: From the South China to the Caspian Sea
25791:
24183:
The Myth of the Masters Revived: The Occult Lives of Nikolai and Elena Roerich
23356:"Xinjiang population up 18.3 per cent over past decade despite slowing births"
21616:
21472:
20420:
18400:
16969:
8299:, Tengri Tagh, Тәңри Тағ), which divides it into two large basins: the
4055:
2335:
2265:, literally "Western Regions' New Frontier"), later simplified as "Xinjiang" (
2139:
name for the southern half of the region referring to "the six cities" of the
181:
141:
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29746:
29698:
29566:
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27995:
27965:
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27480:
27438:
27421:
27372:
27315:
27238:
26580:
26559:
Nan, Susan Allen; Mampilly, Zachariah Cherian; Bartoli, Andrea, eds. (2011).
26355:
25471:
25445:
25419:
25385:"Ethnic Minorities in the Soviet Military implications for the decades ahead"
25252:
25083:
24452:. Shanghai: Printed at the "Celestial Empire" Office 10-Hankow Road-10. 1876.
24286:
23977:
23369:
22629:
22349:
22215:
21885:
21624:
21047:
21038:
20665:
19576:
18419:
18289:
18140:
The Cultures of Ancient Xinjiang, western China: Crossroads of the Silk Roads
17823:"The Lost Frontier – Treaty Maps that Changed Qing's Northwestern Boundaries"
17661:
17550:
17404:
17269:
17265:
17250:
17220:
17208:
16550:
16511:
16459:
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4225:
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4047:
3746:
3201:
3150:
3123:
3087:
3051:
2972:
2919:. These population dynamics gave rise to a heterogeneous demographic makeup.
2874:
2717:
2679:
2424:
2071:
1648:
1236:
884:
852:
588:
423:
292:
279:
29441:
26261:
China's War on Terrorism: Counter-Insurgency, Politics and Internal Security
24860:
The Manchu Way: The Eight Banners and Ethnic Identity in Late Imperial China
24602:
23758:
22472:"The Energy Industry in Xinjiang, China: Potential, Problems, and Solutions"
20620:
19129:
18204:
18045:
18028:
16936:"VI. Progress in Education, Science and Technology, Culture and Health Work"
14860:
14213:
Xinjiang has traditionally been an agricultural region, but is also rich in
4676:
civilian and military technology and nonlethal military equipment to China.
4603:
3253:) that once ruled part of what is now Gansu province in northwestern China.
2255:, "Muslim Frontier"). Both regions merged after Qing dynasty suppressed the
29902:
29868:
29703:
29685:
29291:
29211:
28874:
28869:
28785:
28780:
28705:
28676:
28661:
28656:
28582:
28525:
28515:
28471:
28425:
28420:
28015:
28000:
27945:
27930:
27925:
27711:
27377:
27320:
27259:
26961:
25739:
Mongolian Music, Dance, & Oral Narrative: Performing Diverse Identities
24709:
New Qing Imperial History: The Making of Inner Asian Empire at Qing Chengde
24470:
24459:
24113:
23968:
23930:
23839:
22206:
22055:
21572:
21008:
20869:
20401:
20345:
20270:
20078:"China accuses US of double standards as it drops ETIM from terrorism list"
19953:
19656:
18307:
18242:
18223:
18119:
18101:
18054:
16601:
16534:
16280:
16195:
16119:
15226:
15096:
14769:
14315:
14307:
14299:
14288:
14010:
13209:
13205:
13162:
was then erected there and the site has become a local tourist attraction.
13053:
9136:
9008:
8633:
8123:
6480:
Administrative divisions in Uyghur, Chinese and varieties of romanizations
4863:
4839:
4834:
was dissatisfied with the initial results of the People's War and replaced
4758:
4647:
4631:
4577:
as the Minister of Agriculture and Forestry the following year. During the
4551:
4543:
4468:
4401:
4397:
4066:
4042:
3947:
3936:
3887:
3882:
3378:
3275:
3242:
3230:
3214:
3186:(r. AD 9–23), returning to Han control in 91 due to the efforts of general
3158:
3063:
2932:
2577:
2440:
2380:
2228:
2191:
1671:
1455:
1423:
1309:
1080:
1032:
919:
757:
26770:
25408:
Mentelle, Edme; Malte Conrad Brun; Pierre-Etienne Herbin de Halle (1804).
21539:
20916:"The Working-Calendar for The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Government"
20314:"China Sentences Two Ex-Xinjiang Officials to Death on Separatism Charges"
19484:
18502:
16406:
16260:
13056:
is geologically part of Kazakhstan, and in the east, where is part of the
4376:
Shaanxi. While the Hui rebels were preparing to attack Gansu and Shaanxi,
4193:
174:
29693:
28928:
28918:
28879:
28864:
28725:
28715:
28592:
28577:
28476:
28466:
28335:
28208:
28186:
27990:
27980:
27736:
27659:
27490:
27330:
27310:
27206:
27170:
27016:
25167:
Pivot of Asia; Sinkiang and the inner Asian frontiers of China and Russia
24530:
Notices of the Mediæval Geography and History of Central and Western Asia
24078:
23011:
22608:
The new great game: China and South and Central Asia in the era of reform
22469:
21935:
21899:
21864:
The new great game: China and South and Central Asia in the era of reform
21412:
20935:"Boundaries, Discrimination, and Interethnic Conflict in Xinjiang, China"
19555:
The new great game: China and South and Central Asia in the era of reform
19283:
16538:
16479:
16275:
16203:
16161:
15322:
15271:
15187:
15135:
15070:
14979:
14789:
14781:
14542:
14352:
14303:
14265:
14226:
14222:
14189:
14184:
13689:
13644:
13524:
13297:
13231:
13193:
13049:
8381:
The Tian Shan mountain range marks the Xinjiang-Kyrgyzstan border at the
8330:
8316:
8135:
7259:
6532:
6045:
5574:
5551:
4981:
4876:
4699:
4349:
4090:
4078:
4051:
4031:
3591:
3390:
3367:
3031:
2693:
2674:
2456:
2295:
2205:
2152:
2140:
1712:
1350:
896:
872:
860:
777:
725:
568:
413:
328:
248:
216:
26756:
26363:
25045:
Singing the Village: Music, Memory and Ritual Among the Sibe of Xinjiang
24933:"From Yunnan to Xinjiang: Governor Yang Zengxin and his Dungan Generals"
23896:
The Present Situation and Characteristics of Contemporary Islam in China
21803:"Xinjiang Province: Economic News and Statistics for Xinjiang's Economy"
21408:"Populasi Uighur naik 25 persen, pemerintah Xinjiang bantu cek keluarga"
21328:"U.N. says China may have committed crimes against humanity in Xinjiang"
21300:"China's Xi responsible for Uyghur 'genocide', unofficial tribunal says"
21244:"'Hundreds' of cultural figures caught up in China's Uyghur persecution"
20266:"China Doubles Down on Xinjiang Policy Amid Reports of Cultural Erasure"
16132:, practiced largely by Uyghurs and the Hui Chinese minority, as well as
14477:
13886:
The Chinese government, under Chinese Communist Party general secretary
13430:
4494:
and others broke out throughout Xinjiang during the early 1930s against
4482:
4177:
2975:
have been found in various locations in the Western Tarim Basin such as
2343:
2282:
29907:
29809:
29708:
29472:
28824:
28710:
28499:
27935:
27741:
27629:
27191:
27106:
27000:
26984:
26972:
26849:
25658:. Lund studies in international history. Vol. 8. Esselte studium.
22809:"RightSite.asia | Ürümqi Economic & Technological Development Zone"
21448:
suku minoritas lain di seluruh China yang saban warsa hanya naik 0,83%.
19319:"Settler Colonialism and the Path toward Cultural Genocide in Xinjiang"
18410:
17731:] (in Simplified Chinese). Sichuan Nationalities Publishing House (
16974:
16173:
15005:
14850:
14785:
14364:
14280:
14014:
13998:
13519:
13435:
13386:
and the microclimate, it can be found at elevations as low as 2,000 m.
13375:
13239:
13223:
12978:
12786:
9586:
9388:
9072:
8506:
8501:
8161:
7969:
7639:
6008:
4884:
4831:
4619:
4495:
4476:
4278:
4242:
4218:
4148:
4136:
4027:
3996:, who occupied Kashgar. During the mid-10th century, the Saka Buddhist
3872:
3857:
3686:
3671:
3641:
3631:
3621:
3606:
3596:
3576:
3345:
As Tibet and the Uyghur Khaganate declined in the mid-9th century, the
3256:
3218:
3146:
3142:
3082:
3043:
2964:
2912:
2899:
Map of Han Dynasty in 2 CE. Light blue is the Tarim Basin protectorate.
2886:
2582:
2539:
2448:
2444:
2432:
2420:
2315:
1625:
876:
821:
805:
789:
785:
403:
25799:
22023:"China solar association says Xinjiang forced labour claims unfounded"
21353:
21351:
20422:
Momen Langka! Presiden China Xi Jinping Kunjungi Kampung Muslim Uighur
18328:
Empires of Ancient Eurasia: The First Silk Roads Era, 100 BCE – 250 CE
16490:
provides additional rail transport capacity to Jinghe, from which the
14250:
found in the south, while only a few areas (in particular, Aksu) grew
14106:
4181:
The Battle of Oroi-Jalatu in 1756, between the Manchu and Oirat armies
2895:
29379:
29351:
29191:
28565:
28041:
27970:
27520:
27484:
27475:
24757:
24726:
22606:
Zhao, Huasheng (2016). "Central Asia in Chinese Strategic Thinking".
22550:"China discovers new oil and gas in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region"
21862:
Zhao, Huasheng (2016). "Central Asia in Chinese Strategic Thinking".
21437:
20426:
20397:"China replaces Xinjiang party boss associated with Uyghur crackdown"
19231:
Revolutionary Becomings: Documentary Media in Twentieth-Century China
17523:
16475:
16471:
16284:
16207:
15686:
15161:
14748:
The Islamization of Xinjiang started around 1000 AD. Xinjiang Muslim
14279:
Xinjiang is famous for its tomatoes, grapes and melons, particularly
14218:
14202:
14125:
14118:
14114:
13994:, as well as advocacy groups with no connection to extremist groups.
13945:
13765:
13243:
13201:
10292:
8390:
8342:
8308:
8210:
7350:
6613:
5811:
4891:
4705:
Increased ethnic contact and labor competition coincided with Uyghur
4574:
4559:
4321:
4258:
4198:
3731:
3636:
3616:
3611:
3581:
3382:
3363:
3193:
3183:
2995:
2722:
2483:
2319:
2232:
2187:
2132:
1257:
856:
845:
817:
809:
761:
26382:
Red Shambhala: Magic, Prophecy, and Geopolitics in the Heart of Asia
26282:
China's Post-Jiang Leadership Succession: Problems and Perspectivesb
25817:
State Capitalism, Contentious Politics and Large-Scale Social Change
24580:
Britannica Educational Publishing (2011). Pletcherb, Kenneth (ed.).
24222:
Baabar, Bat-Ėrdėniĭn Batbayar (1999). Kaplonski, Christopher (ed.).
24162:
Soviet Russia and Tibet: The Debacle of Secret Diplomacy, 1918–1930s
22382:
20865:"Weather tracker: Contrasts in cold and heat break records in China"
18619:
The Cambridge History of China, Volume 3: Sui and T'ang China Part I
16310:
16184:. In the north, in the Tian Shan, the Kazakhs and Kyrgyz are Sunni.
8360:
8234:
4530:, ending the republic after Chinese Muslims executed its two emirs:
4123:
2275:
as "Sinkiang"). The official name was given during the reign of the
848:
ran through the territory from the east to its northwestern border.
29356:
29281:
29261:
29246:
29002:
28978:
27905:
27716:
27649:
27335:
27233:
27078:
26923:
26324:
China's Post-Jiang Leadership Succession: Problems and Perspectives
25891:
The ETIM: China's Islamic Militants and the Global Terrorist Threat
24559:
Britannica Educational Publishing (2010). Pletcher, Kenneth (ed.).
24429:
23743:] (in Chinese). Beijing: Nationalities Publishing House. 2003.
21348:
20976:
19841:
18823:
18344:
17385:
16576:
connects Hami with potassium salt mines in and around Lop Nur. The
16572:
connects Ürümqi with coal fields in the eastern Junggar Basin. The
16157:
16099:
14356:
14273:
14206:
14157:
14137:
13904:
13235:
8354:
7933:
7879:
7143:
7062:
6358:
6266:
5398:
5362:
5267:
5246:
4739:
4562:), but executed them all in 1943 in fear of a conspiracy. In 1944,
4526:
defeated the army of the First East Turkestan Republic in the 1934
4393:
4389:
4253:
4249:
4233:
4144:
4098:
4082:
4035:
3696:
3651:
3586:
3386:
3371:
3359:
3302:
3246:
3187:
2920:
2878:
2707:
2597:
2464:
2396:
2291:
2156:
1471:
1278:
1094:
930:, it has been part of the People's Republic of China. In 1954, the
797:
793:
647:
27129:
23964:"Thousands of Xinjiang mosques destroyed or damaged, report finds"
23694:"China census: migration drives Han population growth in Xinjiang"
22470:
Jinhui Duan; Shuying Wei; Ming Zeng; Yanfang Ju (1 January 2016).
22168:
22166:
21964:
21357:
17242:
16206:
also lies a huge park with a statue of Turkish-Muslim philosopher
16160:, Arabic and Mandarin. A majority of the Uyghur Muslims adhere to
14593:
Distribution of ethnic Uyghurs in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
29880:
29551:
29494:
29489:
29361:
29346:
29318:
29308:
29271:
29256:
29251:
29236:
29231:
29196:
29020:
28996:
28984:
28768:
28625:
28448:
28383:
28261:
28174:
28031:
27910:
27644:
27624:
27596:
27201:
27116:
26621:
Gateway to Asia : Sinkiang, Frontier of the Chinese Far West
24985:. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Vol. 7. Brill Academic Pub.
24579:
24558:
23391:
A meeting of civilisations: The mystery of China's Celtic mummies
22027:
21967:"Fears over China's Muslim forced labor loom over EU solar power"
21601:"China's Fate as a Multinational State: a preliminary assessment"
21332:
21304:
21274:"Who are the Uyghurs and why is China being accused of genocide?"
17033:
The average exchange rate of 2023 was CNY 7.0467 to 1 USD dollar
16503:
16444:
16376:
15708:
15642:
15513:
15344:
15279:
15263:
14992:
14966:
14904:
14900:
14828:
14823:
14348:
14214:
13986:(also sometimes called "Uyghuristan"), which has led to tension,
13966:
13918:
This program has been called a genocide by some observers, while
13322:
13312:
13307:
13180:
13073:
8405:
From south to north, the mountain passes bordering Xinjiang are:
8045:
8022:
Shawan County is currently known as Shawan CLC after 2020 census.
7897:
7836:
7755:
7729:
7440:
7395:
7376:
7331:
7089:
6981:
6900:
6559:
6295:
6169:
6070:
5974:
5875:
5713:
5606:
5374:
5326:
5290:
5253:
5225:
5204:
5057:
5046:
5035:
5024:
5013:
5002:
4991:
4942:
4938:
4627:
4550:. Sheng ruled Xinjiang for the next decade with support from the
4503:
4368:
4364:
4360:
4293:
4228:
Qing dynasty gained control of eastern Xinjiang as a result of a
4117:
4074:
3862:
3817:
3802:
3751:
3656:
3646:
3354:
3350:
3154:
3027:
2549:
2388:
2208:
while Xi refers to the west. The Tang Empire had established the
1678:
1316:
904:
880:
868:
841:
699:
562:
225:
24839:
Salar: A Study in Inner Asian Language Contact Processes, Part 1
24035:"Tourism, ethnic unity in focus as Xinjiang journeys to new era"
21148:"Fear and oppression in Xinjiang: China's war on Uighur culture"
19652:"Uyghur "separatism": China's policies in Xinjiang fuel dissent"
19619:
19595:
19583:
17607:
16533:, follows the southern rim of the Tarim to Hotan, with stops at
14567:, gradually permitting access to state-controlled websites like
14469:
List of Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Xinjiang
14276:
and pepper pigments used in cosmetics such lipstick for export.
13974:
has become a symbol of the East Turkestan independence movement.
8193:
4890:
Xi Jinping made a four-day visit to Xinjiang in July 2022 where
4808:(formerly the East Turkestan Islamic Movement), identified as a
4668:
and a million Han Chinese fleeing famine resettled in Xinjiang.
29427:
29276:
29266:
29201:
29181:
29014:
28912:
28774:
28389:
28377:
28294:
27654:
27639:
27634:
27196:
27090:
26874:
26744:
26091:
New Ghosts, Old Ghosts: Prisons and Labor Reform Camps in China
24727:
Debata, Mahesh Ranjan; Central Asian Studies Programme (2007).
22163:
21939:
19977:"هؤلاء انغماسيو أردوغان الذين يستوردهم من الصين – عربي أونلاين"
17471:. Centre of Central Asian Studies, University of Kashmir. 1981.
16774:
16726:
16495:
16462:
to the Kazakh border at Alashankou, where it links up with the
16288:
16169:
16165:
16109:
15534:
15366:
15122:
15031:
14924:
14896:
14865:
14805:
14757:
14753:
14418:
14360:
14333:
14284:
14257:
14247:
14006:
13409:
13405:
13332:
13317:
13302:
13288:
13185:
13170:
7703:
7684:
7665:
7536:
7279:
6954:
6586:
6136:
5940:
5637:
5314:
5218:
5067:
4754:
4381:
4345:
4274:
4237:
4094:
4018:
3897:
3661:
3385:
entered Xinjiang in 1132, fleeing rebellion by the neighboring
3335:
3270:
3261:
3015:
2890:
2602:
2544:
2412:
2384:
2299:
801:
728:, you may see unjoined letters or other symbols instead of
234:
24617:
China's Last Nomads: The History and Culture of China's Kazaks
24446:
Journal of the North-China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society
23741:
Tabulation on Nationalities of 2000 Population Census of China
22861:"RightSite.asia | Urumuqi Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone"
22242:"Peppers grown in China's Xinjiang add color to lips and life"
21387:"Experts reject US allegations of genocide in Xinjiang, China"
20166:"China's Uighurs told to share beds, meals with party members"
16877:"Communiqué of the Seventh National Population Census (No. 3)"
16654:
4404:
rapidly approached Kashgaria, reconquering it on 16 May 1877.
2147:, High Tartary, East Chagatay (it was the eastern part of the
1727:
1365:
616:
29814:
29423:
29384:
29241:
29226:
29221:
29216:
29206:
29186:
29176:
28853:
28699:
27601:
27445:
27293:
27102:
27038:
26732:. UPI. 22 September 1981. p. 11 – via Google News.
26690:(in French). Vol. 10. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale. 1895.
24938:. Etudes Orientales N° 25 (1er Semestre 2008). Archived from
23473:
22703:
The Ripple Effect: China's Complex Presence in Southeast Asia
22202:"It's time to boycott any company doing business in Xinjiang"
21360:"China cuts Uighur births with IUDs, abortion, sterilization"
16704:
16089:
14809:
14804:, Yunnan, Gansu and Manchuria; descendants of merchants from
14801:
14337:
14243:
14239:
14130:
14002:
13822:
13507:
13342:
13327:
13246:
fertilizers); this includes the Lop Lake and the Manas Lake.
13200:
Having hot summer and low precipitation, most of Xinjiang is
8058:
8013:
Kuqa County is currently known as Kuqa CLC after 2010 census.
7774:
7466:
7305:
5908:
5843:
5778:
5474:
4642:
which had defined previous Chinese expansionism in Xinjiang.
4595:
Incorporation of Xinjiang into the People's Republic of China
4160:
4059:
3907:
3238:
3127:
3047:
3023:
2392:
2376:
1703:
1686:
1341:
1324:
837:
829:
781:
749:
679:
314:
25956:
Oasis Identities: Uyghur Nationalism Along China's Silk Road
25820:. Studies in Critical Social Sciences. Vol. 29. BRILL.
25521:. Calcutta: Office of Superintendent of Government Printing.
24982:
Manchu Grammar, Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies
21034:"Dismantling China's Muslim gulag in Xinjiang is not enough"
20368:"China condemns 2 ex-Xinjiang officials in separatism cases"
19607:
17308:"As India and China clash, JFK's 'forgotten crisis' is back"
17160:
14225:
components due to its large production of the base material
13219:
7233:
Population by urban areas of prefecture & county cities
4542:; it was brought under the control of northeast Han warlord
4352:
settlers, and others (including the Uyghurs) settled there.
2927:
Between 2009 and 2015, the remains of 92 individuals in the
29536:
28454:
28322:
25676:
Imperial Rivals: China, Russia, and Their Disputed Frontier
25291:
Unity and Diversity: Local Cultures and Identities in China
25270:
Familiar strangers: a history of Muslims in Northwest China
24730:
China's Minorities: Ethnic-religious Separatism in Xinjiang
24705:
23574:
23572:
22783:"RightSite.asia – Tacheng Border Economic Cooperation Area"
22757:"RightSite.asia – Shihezi Border Economic Cooperation Area"
22178:
21435:[Uighurs and the Boycott of the Beijing Olympics].
21405:
20769:
20740:
20464:"Xi Jinping visits Xinjiang for first time since crackdown"
20449:
19372:
18258:"The genomic origins of the Bronze Age Tarim Basin mummies"
17930:
17928:
17157:
The Government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China
16707:
16663:
14928:
14341:
14251:
8148:
7588:
7421:
5669:
5076:
4326:
4281:
4263:
4205:
3182:. The protectorate was seized during the civil war against
3118:
3019:
2882:
2368:
625:
24601:
Falkenheim, Victor C.; Hsieh, Chiao-Min (9 August 2018) .
24377:
Sautman, Barry (2000), "Is Xinjiang an Internal Colony?",
23584:
22887:"RightSite.asia | Yining Border Economic Cooperation Area"
22297:
21995:"Why It's So Hard for the Solar Industry to Quit Xinjiang"
20684:
Statistical Bureau of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
19360:
19257:
19128:
Falkenheim, Victor C.; Hsieh, Chiao-Min (9 August 2018) .
17271:
The China-India Border--the Origins Of Disputed Boundaries
16698:
16686:
16651:
16642:
14260:
became an important crop in several oases, notably Hotan,
13456:
4698:
by Uyghurs further developed following the Soviet Union's
3289:
and their vassals: the oasis states of southern Xinjiang.
26628:
Wars With The Xiongnu – A translation From Zizhi Tongjian
25592:
Islam and Colonialism Western Perspectives on Soviet Asia
25312:
War, Politics and Society in Early Modern China, 900–1795
24815:
Dupree, Louis; Naby, Eden (1994). Black, Cyril E. (ed.).
24538:
Bridgman, Elijah Coleman; Williams, Samuel Wells (1837).
23009:[Xinjiang internet service completely restored].
21795:
20704:
20650:] (in Chinese). Beijing: Z Hongguo Statistics Press.
20604:
20513:"China: How is Beijing whitewashing its Xinjiang policy?"
17767:
17413:. Vol. XV. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1912.
16701:
16689:
16660:
16645:
4581:, the Soviet Union backed Uyghur separatists to form the
1297:
1283:
1269:
25942:
Rudelson, Justin Jon; Rudelson, Justin Ben-Adam (1992).
25760:
China Marches West: The Qing Conquest of Central Eurasia
25211:
Nationalism, Democracy and National Integration in China
24403:
China's population across the centuries: Xinjiang volume
23569:
23557:
23485:
22731:"RightSite.asia – Bole Border Economic Cooperation Area"
22676:"Xinjiang to open 2nd border trade market to Kazakhstan"
21520:
Deaths From Clashes in China's Xinjiang Area Rises to 35
19631:
17925:
14864:
Three Uyghur girls at a Sunday market in the oasis city
14102:
The distribution map of Xinjiang's GDP per person (2011)
4522:
in southwestern Xinjiang. The Chinese Muslim Kuomintang
4340:
for a century. The region was captured in 1759 from the
1637:
29159:
25383:
Meehan, Lieutenant Colonel Dallace L. (May–June 1980).
24165:. Brill's Tibetan Studies Library. Vol. 4. Brill.
22575:"China Reports Major Oil And Gas Find At Record Depths"
17866:"Episode 39: Ethnicity, Tibet, and Xinjiang in the PRC"
14740:
The earliest Tarim mummies, dated to 1800 BC, are of a
13951:
13582:
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional Committee of the CCP
13580:, Xinjiang has a parallel party-government system. The
8346:
4879:. They said Bawudun was found guilty of colluding with
4022:
Mongol states from the 14th to the 17th centuries: the
1801:
26094:. Socialism and Social Movements Series. M.E. Sharpe.
25718:
Global Interactions in the Early Modern Age, 1400–1800
24554:. Vol. 5 (reprint ed.). Kraus Reprint. 1837.
22523:"China Coal Group says to invest $ 15 bln in Xinjiang"
21726:
20891:
Gorbunov, A.P. (1993), "Geocryology in Mt. Tianshan",
20648:
China 2010 Census by Country, Town, Street Information
20045:
19553:
Peyrouse, Sebastien (2016). "China and Central Asia".
19210:
18805:
18361:. Leiden & Boston: Koninklijke Brill. p. 77.
17689:"China's Oppression of Muslims in Xinjiang, Explained"
17481:
16841:
16194:
in Kashgar are most important Islamic Xinjiang sites.
16075:
Antireligious campaigns of the Chinese Communist Party
14563:, authorities placed restrictions on the internet and
14556:
is considered one of China's most dynamic newspapers.
13158: – to be the "center point of Asia". A
3323:) or Anxi Protectorate, in 640 to control the region.
2994:
Although many of the Tarim mummies were classified as
2339:
Dzungaria (red) and the Tarim Basin / Altishahr (blue)
2310:
colonialist in nature since it meant "new territory".
2186:) in an effort to secure the profitable routes of the
25110:
24881:
The Cambridge History of China: Late Ch'ing 1800–1911
24638:
Xinjiang and China's Rise in Central Asia – A History
23608:
23596:
23509:"Demographics and Development in Xinjiang after 1949"
22400:
21932:"Efforts to boost 'leapfrog development' in Xinjiang"
21924:
20569:
18642:
Skaff, Jonathan Karem (2009). Nicola Di Cosmo (ed.).
16692:
16648:
16639:
16506:, a second rail border crossing with Kazakhstan. The
15254:
Major ethnic groups in Xinjiang by region (2018 data)
14351:
was once a large brackish lake during the end of the
13982:, advocate establishing an independent country named
4780:
which killed 16 police officers four days before the
1616:
1598:
1574:
1560:
1546:
1532:
1516:
1502:
1476:
1460:
1227:
1209:
1185:
1171:
1157:
1143:
1127:
1113:
1099:
1085:
922:
in the 18th century, which was later replaced by the
832:
but administered by China. Xinjiang also borders the
146:
96:
26019:
Encyclopedia of genocide and crimes against humanity
25637:. Brill's Inner Asian Library. Vol. 16. BRILL.
25152:
24516:"On Soviet-China Border, The Thaw Is Just A Trickle"
24471:
Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons (1914).
24460:
Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons (1871).
24268:
Situating the Uyghurs Between China and Central Asia
22195:
22193:
21729:"Britain adds Chinese militant group to terror list"
21467:. Harvard University Press. 2016. pp. 173–203.
20048:"Britain adds Chinese militant group to terror list"
19866:"China: Deadly attack on police station in Xinjiang"
16748:
16591:
14110:Ürümqi is a major industrial center within Xinjiang.
13448:
Current leaders of the Xinjiang Regional Government
8337:
Other major mountain ranges of Xinjiang include the
4197:
Scene from the 1828 Qing campaign against rebels in
4058:
and later came under the control of his descendant,
2956:
lineages observed in the earlier Xiaohe population.
2159:(due to Indian cultural influence) and, in Chinese,
2155:("land of the Mongols"), Kashgaria, Little Bokhara,
1907:
1891:
1875:
1859:
392:
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional People's Congress
122:
25984:"Russians Back Revolution in Province Inside China"
25193:. Oxford and New York: Berghahn. pp. 183–204.
25132:Juntunen, Mirja; Schlyter, Birgit N., eds. (2013).
24688:
War Crimes, Genocide, and Justice: A Global History
20360:
18075:
17300:
16695:
16683:
16657:
13600:, the incumbent Chairman of the Xinjiang Government
13216:to the drier regions of southern Dzungarian Basin.
8295:
Xinjiang is split by the Tian Shan mountain range (
3992:during the 10th century with the conversion of the
3334:invaded the Tang on a broad front from Xinjiang to
3097:, Guanzi Essays: 73: 78: 80: 81). He described the
2323:the administrative region would be named "Xinjiang
2245:region") and the Southern Tarim Basin was known as
1660:
1248:
28951:
26558:
26181:
24583:The Geography of China: Sacred and Historic Places
24562:The Geography of China: Sacred and Historic Places
24463:Parliamentary Papers, House of Commons and Command
23999:
22315:
21892:
21705:Uyghur Muslim Ethnic Separatism in Xinjiang, China
21599:Zhu, Yuchao; Blachford, Dongyan (31 August 2006).
21146:
20232:Subcommittee on International Human Rights of the
20065:"U.S.Department of State Terrorist Exclusion List"
19863:
19775:"Ambush in China Raises Concerns as Olympics Near"
19020:
18463:
17845:The Qianlong emperor (1736–1796) named the region
17790:
17646:Ramzy, Austin; Buckley, Chris (16 November 2019).
17201:
14013:, although many follow Islam as well, such as the
13076:that is furthest from the sea in any direction (a
4804:. Several of the attacks were orchestrated by the
4131:, between the Qing Dynasty and the Dzungar Khanate
2290:in Sichuan was then known as "Jinchuan Xinjiang",
2259:in 1759 and became the region of "Xiyu Xinjiang" (
26470:"False Lama – The Life and Death of Dambijantsan"
25786:(4 Special Issue: War in Modern China): 757–793,
22190:
22049:Ambrose, Jillian; Jolly, Jasper (25 April 2021).
21406:M. Irfan Ilmie; Tia Mutiasari (11 January 2021).
19688:"An al-Qaeda associate group operating in China?"
19288:"Uyghur Protests Widen as Xinjiang Unrest Flares"
18616:
18170:
17375:
17373:
17371:
14819:The languages of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
13926:said they may amount to crimes against humanity.
8378:(also known as Dzoosotoyn Elisen) in its center.
4749:and 23 museums, compared to none in 1949. It has
29925:
26216:Walcott, Susan M.; Johnson, Corey, eds. (2013).
26016:Shelton, Dinah C. (2005). Shelton, Dinah (ed.).
25941:
25834:
25131:
24537:
24032:
23922:
23663:"Spatial Results of the 2010 Census in Xinjiang"
22835:"RightSite.asia | Ürümqi Export Processing Zone"
22135:"The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps"
21691:. News.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved on 12 July 2013.
19923:"Deadly China blast at Xinjiang railway station"
19682:
18522:
18255:
18143:. Summertown, Oxford: Archaeopress. p. 50.
17863:
16141:mosques and 29,000 imams by 1966. Following the
3349:(a confederation of Turkic tribes including the
3117:), as a people from the north-west who supplied
2482:. In the west, the Tian Shan split, forming the
766:largest province-level division of China by area
26821:
26303:Restless Empire: China and the World Since 1750
26087:
25742:. Vol. 1. University of Washington Press.
25024:Challenges facing Chinese political development
24884:. Vol. 10, Part 1. Cambridge University Press.
24600:
22275:
21358:AP's global investigative team (28 June 2020).
19507:
19127:
17515:
16944:State Council of the People's Republic of China
13831:
13412:as the standard time and refer to this zone as
4772:, a thwarted 2008 suicide-bombing attempt on a
4101:established an empire over much of the region.
1764:
1750:
26493:"Ja Lama – The Life and Death of Dambijantsan"
26215:
25763:(reprint ed.). Harvard University Press.
25610:Nathan, Andrew James; Scobell, Andrew (2013).
25208:Liew, Leong H.; Wang, Shaoguang, eds. (2004).
25000:Guo, Baogang; Hickey, Dennis V., eds. (2009).
24613:
21743:
21182:
20940:International Journal of Conflict and Violence
20763:
20734:
20135:
19857:
19650:Rudelson, Justin Ben-Adam (16 February 2000).
18646:. Harvard University Press. pp. 183–185.
18497:, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 267–268,
18130:
17612:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
17368:
14291:, which it supplies for international brands.
14197:Local governments in China's 19 provinces and
13892:Strike Hard Campaign Against Violent Terrorism
8224:
4486:Governor Sheng Shicai ruled from 1933 to 1944.
4463:In 1912, the Qing dynasty was replaced by the
4112:covered Dzungaria, extending from the western
2115:
2109:
2107:
29471:
29457:
29145:
28152:
27145:
26807:
26088:Seymour, James D.; Anderson, Richard (1999).
25609:
24544:(reprint ed.). Maruzen Kabushiki Kaisha.
24526:
24201:Baabar (1999). Kaplonski, Christopher (ed.).
24067:
23729:
23660:
22444:
22020:
19101:One and All: The Logic of Chinese Sovereignty
18841:Moslem Rebellion in Northwest China 1862–1878
18764:
17732:
17716:
17264:
17207:
13807:
13788:
13769:
13750:
13731:
13712:
13693:
13680:
13661:
13648:
13629:
13610:
8315:; an even smaller wedge farther north is the
8173:Alashankou CLC was established from parts of
8057:Tiemenguan CLC was established from parts of
7212:
7185:
7158:
7131:
7104:
7077:
7050:
7023:
6996:
6969:
6942:
6915:
6888:
6862:
6836:
6810:
6784:
6758:
6732:
6706:
6680:
6654:
6628:
6601:
6574:
6547:
6518:
4588:
4558:to Xinjiang (including Mao Zedong's brother,
4429:Ruoqiang, Lop Nor and the lower Tarim River.
4425:, Dzungar Region) and Huijiang (Muslimland).
4420:
4388:) fled from the khanate in 1865 after losing
3965:
3318:
3197:Old Uyghur/Yugur art from the Bezeklik murals
3169:
3163:
3112:
3102:
3092:
2840:
2789:Xinjiang Province, People's Republic of China
2266:
2260:
2250:
2236:
2219:
2199:
2181:
2164:
1600:
1406:
1388:
1211:
1015:
89:
26237:Wang, Gungwu; Zheng, Yongnian, eds. (2008).
24430:Association for Linguistic Typology (1998).
24335:
23072:"Xinjiang Internet restored after 10 months"
22283:[Visiting the Uyghurs in Xinjiang].
22048:
21771:
21769:
21598:
20714:China Civil Affairs Statistics Yearbook 2014
20482:
20164:Kang, Dake; Wang, Yanan (30 November 2018).
20019:
19625:
19613:
19601:
19589:
19378:
18350:
18026:
17645:
17038:(Press release). China NBS. 29 February 2024
16962:
16845:The Cambridge handbook of contemporary China
16435:Xinjiang's rail hub is Ürümqi. To the east,
14796:immigrants were living in Xinjiang in 1945.
14419:Economic and Technological Development Zones
13978:Some factions in Xinjiang, most prominently
13813:
13794:
13775:
13756:
13737:
13718:
13699:
13667:
13635:
13616:
4916:List of township-level divisions of Xinjiang
4912:List of administrative divisions of Xinjiang
4506:region on 12 November 1933, the short-lived
3178:), to oversee the region as far west as the
2911:origin, with later geneflow from during the
2294:in Yunnan was named directly as "Xinjiang",
2021:
2015:
2009:
2006:
1984:
1978:
1972:
1969:
844:. The most well-known route of the historic
114:
25887:
24614:Benson, Linda; Svanberg, Ingvar C. (1998).
24293:
24264:
23911:Study on Current Muslim Population in China
23888:
23590:
23479:
23380:. London: Thames & Hudson. p. 237.
23368:
23326:
23302:
23278:
23254:
23230:
23206:
22972:
22913:"News Media for Ethnic Minorities in China"
22905:
22303:
22184:
22172:
21898:
21754:(Press release). China NBS. 31 January 2020
21540:The Uyghurs in Xinjiang – The Malaise Grows
20800:"DCP: Geographic Center of Asia (visit #1)"
19282:
19258:Jeremy Brown; Paul Pickowicz, eds. (2010).
18621:. Cambridge University Press. p. 228.
18596:. Cambridge University Press. p. 111.
18466:China: A Historical and Cultural Dictionary
17793:The Silk Road: trade, travel, war and faith
17544:
17538:
16848:. Cambridge University Press. p. 192.
16339:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
14005:; in the rest of China, many are Buddhist,
8263:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
8167:
8147:Huyanghe CLC was established from parts of
8096:Shuanghe CLC was established from parts of
8051:
4905:
4524:36th Division (National Revolutionary Army)
3330:, which nearly destroyed the Tang dynasty,
2043:
1484:ㄨㄟˊ ㄨˊ ㄦˇ
961:have resulted in unrest in the region with
464:1,664,897 km (642,820 sq mi)
29964:States and territories established in 1955
29464:
29450:
29152:
29138:
28159:
28145:
28062:East Turkistan National Awakening Movement
27686:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
27152:
27138:
26814:
26800:
26502:. Ulaan Baatar: Don Croner. Archived from
26479:. Ulaan Baatar: Don Croner. Archived from
26321:Wong, John; Zheng, Yongnian, eds. (2002).
26279:Wong, John; Zheng, Yongnian, eds. (2002).
25550:Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang
25516:
25488:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
25462:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
25436:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
25088:(M.S. thesis). Michigan State University.
24814:
24415:(9th ed.). Maxwell Sommerville. 1894.
23628:"China: Human Rights Concerns in Xinjiang"
23516:East-West Center Washington Working Papers
22678:. Xinhua. 12 December 2006. Archived from
21433:"Uighur dan Pemboikotan Olimpiade Beijing"
19676:
18594:The Cambridge Illustrated History of China
18331:. Cambridge University Press. p. 45.
18249:
17292:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
16930:
16928:
14232:
13823:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
13426:List of current Chinese provincial leaders
13063:
8109:Kokdala CLC was established from parts of
8083:Xinxing CLC was established from parts of
8044:Baiyang CLC was established from parts of
6465:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
6034:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
4958:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
4902:to attract domestic and foreign visitors.
4896:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
3972:
3958:
2847:
2833:
2478:, surrounded by oases. In the east is the
2076:
1487:ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ
993:
936:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
689:
28364:
26378:
26320:
26278:
26236:
25163:
25153:Lattimore, Owen; Nachukdorji, Sh (1955).
25067:. Charleston, South Carolina: BookSurge.
24999:
24314:
23997:
23857:
23440:
21766:
21145:Shepherd, Christian (12 September 2019).
20341:"China's Hard and Soft Lines on Xinjiang"
19949:"Urumqi car and bomb attack kills dozens"
19637:
19406:
19366:
19262:. Harvard University Press. p. 186.
19159:
19157:
18409:
18399:
18343:"... the fact that in cemeteries such as
18297:
18232:
18222:
18109:
18044:
17934:
17859:
17857:
17785:
17397:
16359:Learn how and when to remove this message
14780:in the region are Hans, Mongols (Oirats,
14374:in Aksu and Karamay is growing, with the
13544:October 1959 (age 64–65)
8283:Learn how and when to remove this message
8160:Beitun CLC was established from parts of
8141:
8090:
8070:Korgas CLC was established from parts of
4819:(CCP) leadership in Xinjiang commenced a
2948:lineages, as well as a smaller number of
2110:
26640:
26183:"Kazakhstan and China: A Two-Way Street"
26165:"China and Kazakhstan: A Two-Way Street"
26141:
25952:
25915:(revised ed.). Palgrave Macmillan.
25835:Powers, John; Templemanb, David (2012).
25567:
25546:
25525:
25287:
25207:
25187:"Empires, Native Peoples, and Genocides"
25021:Guo, Sujian; Guo, Baogang, eds. (2007).
24978:
24877:
24477:. Vol. 101. H.M. Stationery Office.
24318:The Uyghurs: Strangers in Their Own Land
24242:
24179:
24158:
23961:
23916:
23578:
23563:
23491:
22973:Grammaticas, Damian (11 February 2010).
22941:
22547:
22383:"Fishery thrives in landlocked Xinjiang"
22364:Fisheries Development in Xinjiang, China
22281:"Op bezoek bij de Oeigoeren in Xinjiang"
21992:
21708:Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies
21210:
21144:
20890:
20862:
20298:. CNA. AFP. 7 April 2021. Archived from
20163:
19649:
19552:
19501:
19216:
19092:
19082:
18948:
18932:
18916:
18900:
18868:
18811:
18739:
18723:
18707:
18610:
18565:China under Xi Jinping: A New Assessment
18356:
18324:
18198:
18010:
17994:
17978:
17962:
17946:
17331:
17329:
17058:"Human Development Indices (8.0)- China"
16842:Mackerras, Colin; Yorke, Amanda (1991).
16755:
16259:
14859:
14833:
14822:
14814:
14588:
14515:Xinjiang Networking Transmission Limited
14433:
14430:Tacheng Border Economic Cooperation Area
14427:Shihezi Border Economic Cooperation Area
14415:is a major importer of Xinjiang cotton.
14329:are a major part of Xinjiang's economy.
14242:was the main staple crop of the region,
14124:
14113:
14105:
14097:
14028:
13965:
13592:
13578:governing institutions in mainland China
13429:
13352:
13287:
13218:
13179:
13169:
13068:Xinjiang has within its borders, in the
8359:
8321:
8192:
8188:
8122:Kunyu CLC was established from parts of
8103:
8077:
8038:
4602:
4481:
4454:
4411:19th-century Khotan Uyghurs in Yettishar
4406:
4325:
4192:
4184:
4176:
4122:
4017:
3313:. The Tang Dynasty then established the
3255:
3200:
3192:
2894:
2342:
2334:
2010:
1973:
1803:Sinjiyaŋ Uyiɣur-un öbertegen jasaqu orun
1601:
1212:
27265:Protectorate General to Pacify the West
26198:Wild West China: The Taming of Xinjiang
26179:
26162:
26015:
25994:
25948:(reprint ed.). Harvard University.
25908:
25855:
25813:
25496:
25336:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
24930:
24856:
24747:
24466:. Vol. 51. H.M. Stationery Office.
24376:
23884:from the original on 25 September 2015.
23773:"China Population Census Yearbook 2020"
23502:
23500:
23069:
22644:"Work on free trade zone on the agenda"
22610:. Thomas Fingar. Stanford, California:
22271:
22269:
21866:. Thomas Fingar. Stanford, California:
21529:. Bloomberg. Retrieved on 12 July 2013.
21178:
21176:
21075:
21073:
21071:
21069:
20972:"Clocks square off in China's far west"
20595:
20497:from the original on 20 November 2023.
19805:"Waterhouse Caulfield Cup breakthrough"
19557:. Thomas Fingar. Stanford, California:
19441:
19437:
19435:
19180:
19178:
19176:
19098:
18558:
18556:
18554:
18552:
18550:
17429:
17081:
16925:
16529:, Artux and Kashgar. From Kashgar, the
14883:Military personnel are not counted and
14454:Yining Border Economic Cooperation Area
14332:Xinjiang was known for producing salt,
13154:in the southwestern suburbs of Ürümqi,
8154:
8064:
8025:
8016:
6693:Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture
5768:Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture
3315:Protectorate General to Pacify the West
2306:were named as "Liangyou Xinjiang" etc.
2211:Protectorate General to Pacify the West
2059:Šinǰiyang Uyiγur-in ebereen zasaqu orun
14:
29926:
26490:
26467:
26299:
25888:Reed, J. Todd; Raschke, Diana (2010).
25777:
25756:
25714:
25693:
25382:
25361:
25350:
25266:
25184:
25156:Nationalism and Revolution in Mongolia
25081:
25041:
25020:
24957:
24909:
24898:
24797:Xinjiang: China's Muslim Far Northwest
24793:
24772:
24655:
24634:
24405:], Beijing: China Statistics Press
24221:
24200:
23840:"新疆维吾尔自治区2021年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 – 中国统计信息网"
23777:National Bureau of Statistics of China
23412:"Rumbles on the Rim of China's Empire"
23338:National Bureau of Statistics of China
23316:National Bureau of Statistics of China
23292:National Bureau of Statistics of China
23268:National Bureau of Statistics of China
23244:National Bureau of Statistics of China
23220:National Bureau of Statistics of China
23194:from the original on 13 September 2013
23166:from the original on 24 September 2015
23138:from the original on 24 September 2015
23110:from the original on 24 September 2015
23047:(in Simplified Chinese). 14 May 2010.
23019:from the original on 30 September 2011
23015:(in Simplified Chinese). 14 May 2010.
22975:"Trekking 1,000km in China for e-mail"
22656:from the original on 29 September 2008
22199:
21857:
21855:
21853:
21826:
21824:
21781:National Bureau of Statistics of China
21752:"Home – Regional – Annual by Province"
21699:
21697:
21430:
21183:Khatchadourian, Raffi (5 April 2021).
21028:
21026:
20969:
20642:国务院人口普查办公室 ; 国家统计局人口和就业统计司编 (2012).
20409:from the original on 26 December 2021.
20290:
20288:
20208:from the original on 21 September 2018
20190:
20136:Khatchadourian, Raffi (3 April 2021).
20131:
20129:
19772:
19548:
19546:
19422:
19390:
19316:
19198:from the original on 13 September 2018
19154:
18884:
18755:
18666:
18461:
18381:
18176:
17854:
17578:"China's 'Protracted War' in Xinjiang"
17575:
17437:"EXCAVATIONS iv. In Chinese Turkestan"
16994:
16881:National Bureau of Statistics of China
16809:
16807:
14611:
14321:
13851:
8116:
6395:city (13th Division)
6327:city (14th Division)
6205:city (10th Division)
4336:By the 1860s, Xinjiang had been under
4054:in 1218. Xinjiang was a stronghold of
3157:. They separated the Xiongnu from the
1576:
1299:
1187:
29445:
29133:
28140:
27217:Chief Official of the Western Regions
27133:
26795:
26667:Asiatische Forschungen, Volumes 73–75
26385:(illustrated ed.). Quest Books.
26257:
26240:China and the New International Order
26194:
26066:
26045:
25866:
25672:
25651:
25630:
25519:Notes on the Central Asiatic Question
25470:
25444:
25418:
25329:
25308:
24835:
24684:
24565:. Britannica Educational Publishing.
24513:
24086:from the original on 24 February 2017
23998:Skopeliti, Clea (25 September 2020).
23962:Davidson, Helen (25 September 2020).
23719:
23642:from the original on 12 November 2008
23620:
23614:
23602:
23547:
23506:
23461:from the original on 10 November 2018
22950:. UCLA Asia Institute. Archived from
22694:
22406:
22222:from the original on 27 November 2019
21660:from the original on 10 December 2005
21185:"Surviving the Crackdown in Xinjiang"
21161:from the original on 11 December 2022
20770:国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编 (2012).
20741:国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编 (2022).
20178:from the original on 18 December 2019
20138:"Surviving the Crackdown in Xinjiang"
19643:
19444:An Ecological History of Modern China
19222:
19186:"Uighurs and China's Xinjiang Region"
19038:
19026:
18852:
18760:. The Australian National University.
18641:
18635:
18591:
18164:
18136:
17757:
17686:
17668:from the original on 22 December 2019
17641:
17639:
17637:
17600:
17569:
17519:East Turkistan to the Twelfth Century
17326:
17086:(3 ed.). Pearson Education ESL.
16982:from the original on 26 December 2018
16443:line runs through Turpan and Hami to
16147:Australian Strategic Policy Institute
14931:. Kazakhs are mostly concentrated in
14424:Bole Border Economic Cooperation Area
14287:. The region is a leading source for
14264:and Turpan by the late 19th century.
13872:Law of the People's Republic of China
13846:Targeted Poverty Alleviation Campaign
8007:
7994:
6745:Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture
6427:city (9th Division)
6361:city (7th Division)
6298:city (4th Division)
6269:city (5th Division)
6240:city (2nd Division)
6172:city (6th Division)
6139:city (3rd Division)
6106:city (1st Division)
6073:city (8th Division)
5511:
5508:
5505:
5502:
5499:
5494:
4966:Administrative divisions of Xinjiang
4734:, which works primarily in commerce.
4204:The Turkic Muslims of the Turfan and
3389:. They established a new empire, the
3205:The Tarim Basin in the 3rd century AD
971:series of ongoing human rights abuses
28119:
27304:Turkic settlement of the Tarim Basin
26989:Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province
26829:
26700:. CCM Information Corporation. 1969.
26687:Bulletin de la Section de géographie
26562:Peacemaking: From Practice to Theory
26436:
26341:
26108:
26022:. Vol. 3. Macmillan Reference.
25981:
25735:
25588:
25062:
24776:Contemporary China – An Introduction
24603:"Xinjiang: autonomous region, China"
24204:Twentieth Century Mongolia, Volume 1
24139:
23863:
23497:
23409:
22605:
22266:
21861:
21739:from the original on 14 August 2017.
21399:
21173:
21126:from the original on 11 October 2017
21079:
21066:
21054:from the original on 19 January 2020
20996:
20951:from the original on 19 October 2014
20926:
20844:from the original on 14 October 2013
20429:, 19 July 2022 – via Youtube,
20241:from the original on 24 October 2020
20157:
19470:
19432:
19228:
19173:
19130:"Xinjiang: autonomous region, China"
18981:from the original on 22 January 2021
18799:
18660:
18547:
17773:
17622:from the original on 30 October 2016
17588:from the original on 24 October 2016
17547:"The Conqueror of China's Wild West"
17468:A Short History of Chinese Turkistan
17356:from the original on 11 October 2017
16950:from the original on 29 January 2011
16337:adding citations to reliable sources
16304:
16237:The capital, Ürümqi, is home to the
16222:professional basketball team of the
16128:The major religions in Xinjiang are
14841:ethnicity map of Xinjiang as of 2018
14772:(often conflated as Tajiks); Muslim
14585:Turkic settlement of the Tarim Basin
14523:Xinjiang People Broadcasting Station
14519:Urumqi People's Broadcasting Station
14472:
14384:China National Petroleum Corporation
14173:Turpan–Ürümqi–Dahuangshan Expressway
13962:East Turkestan independence movement
13952:East Turkestan independence movement
13292:Largest cities and towns of Xinjiang
8261:adding citations to reliable sources
8228:
6667:Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture
5833:Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture
5736:Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
4443:Xinjiang Province, Republic of China
4432:
4363:ethnic groups was fought in China's
4298:leading a rebellion against the Qing
3309:in 644 and the kingdom of Kucha was
2765:Xinjiang Province, Republic of China
1810:Shin'jyan Uiguryn öörtöö zasakh oron
1519:Hsin-chiang Wei-wu-erh Tzu-chih-chʻü
951:East Turkestan independence movement
29858:The Cambridge History of Inner Asia
29627:Protectorate of the Western Regions
29161:Provincial-level divisions of China
27212:Protectorate of the Western Regions
27159:
26537:
26516:
26070:Xinjiang: China's Muslim Borderland
25982:Ryan, William L. (2 January 1969).
25288:Liu, Tao Tao; Faure, David (1996).
25228:
24750:"The Soviets in Xinjiang 1911–1949"
24396:
24059:
24033:Titu Datta Gupta (17 August 2023).
23790:
23691:
22737:from the original on 26 August 2011
22700:
22254:from the original on 3 October 2021
22200:Caster, Michael (27 October 2019).
22086:from the original on 2 January 2018
21904:The Political Thought of Xi Jinping
21850:
21821:
21809:from the original on 8 October 2011
21694:
21682:History and Development of Xinjiang
21445:from the original on 20 July 2022.
21254:from the original on 2 January 2019
21223:from the original on 5 January 2019
21023:
20932:
20863:Williams, Matt (23 February 2024).
20551:from the original on 6 January 2019
20285:
20126:
19979:. 3arabionline.com. 31 January 2017
19864:Richburg, Keith B. (19 July 2011).
19727:"China 'anti-terror' raid kills 18"
19543:
19464:
19142:from the original on 14 August 2018
18781:from the original on 1 January 2016
18562:
18535:from the original on 2 October 2013
18490:
18382:Peyrot, Michaël (2 December 2019).
17864:Justin M. Jacobs (14 August 2019).
17714:
17576:Tiezzi, Shannonb (3 October 2015).
17381:"Regions and territories: Xinjiang"
17217:The Columbia Gazetteer of the World
17050:
16940:History and Development of Xinjiang
16804:
16740:
16584:and Kyrgyzstan have been proposed.
16514:to Karamay and Beitun, near Altay.
16494:heads into the Ili River Valley to
16082:Religion in Xinjiang (around 2010)
15772:
14776:peoples are such as the Hui. Other
14439:Ürümqi Diwopu International Airport
13814:
13795:
13776:
13757:
13738:
13719:
13700:
13668:
13636:
13617:
13589:Chairmen of the Xinjiang Government
13165:
13078:continental pole of inaccessibility
8411:Mountain passes bordering Xinjiang
7856:
7795:
7609:
6698:بايىنغولىن موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى
6419:
6387:
6353:
6319:
6290:
6261:
6232:
6197:
6164:
6131:
6098:
6065:
4910:For a more comprehensive list, see
3050:, the Saka peoples centered in the
2178:Protectorate of the Western Regions
115:
24:
29969:Turkic autonomous regions in China
29339:Direct-administered municipalities
28057:East Turkistan Government in Exile
27865:2014 China–Vietnam border shootout
26401:
25351:Martin, Robert Montgomery (1847).
25333:China: Its Environment and History
25273:. University of Washington Press.
23400:. The Independent. 28 August 2006.
22985:from the original on 11 March 2010
22293:from the original on 4 April 2024.
21993:Murtaugh, Dan (10 February 2021).
21420:from the original on 14 June 2021.
21241:
21211:Sudworth, John (24 October 2018).
20613:Shenzhen Statistical Yearbook 2014
20452:, 15 July 2022 – via Youtube
20394:
20338:
20263:
19785:from the original on 10 April 2009
19686:; Pereire, Kenneth George (2006).
18644:Military Culture in Imperial China
17916:
17634:
17488:. Mason Crest Publishers. p.
17417:from the original on 20 April 2008
17189:from the original on 15 April 2020
16468:Trans-Eurasian Continental Railway
16451:connects Hami and Inner Mongolia.
14606:
14221:. Xinjiang is a major producer of
8400:
8307:in the north, is the basin of the
6703:Bayinĝolin Mongĝul Aptonom Oblasti
6435:163rd Regiment of the 9th Division
4921:Xinjiang is divided into thirteen
4634:. The PRC continued the system of
3291:Campaigns against the oasis states
3141:when Emperor Wu of Han dispatched
3126:, more than 750 pieces, were from
3062:(especially people related to the
2453:Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region
1986:Shyńjań Uıǵyr aýtonomııalyq aýdany
1954:Ice Jecen Uigur beye dasangga golo
1663:Sîn-kiông Vì-ngâ-ngì Tshṳ-tshṳ-khî
25:
29985:
26737:
26726:"Radio war aims at China Moslems"
26067:Starr, S. Frederick, ed. (2004).
26036:
25998:Historical Dictionary of Mongolia
25700:(reprint ed.). Basic Books.
25357:. Vol. 1. London: J. Madden.
25241:China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly
24979:Gorelova, Liliya M., ed. (2002).
24961:A History of Chinese Civilization
24899:Fisher, Richard Swainson (1852).
24821:(reprint ed.). M.E. Sharpe.
24499:. Peace Handbooks. Vol. 12.
24436:. Vol. 2. Mouton de Gruyter.
24265:Bellér-Hann, Ildikó, ed. (2007).
23529:from the original on 16 July 2007
23311:现将2000年第五次全国人口普查快速汇总的人口地区分布数据公布如下
22942:Hathaway, Tim (9 November 2007).
22919:. 25 October 1995. Archived from
21946:from the original on 23 July 2010
21431:Basuki, Novi (20 December 2021).
20970:Demick, Barbara (31 March 2009).
20583:from the original on 2 April 2015
20483:ONG HAN SEAN (20 November 2023).
19837:"Chinese break up 'needle' riots"
19748:China confronts its Uyghur threat
19695:China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly
17797:. Serindia Publications. p.
17687:Ramzy, Austin (20 January 2021).
17255:"divided between India and CHINA"
16610:Administrative divisions of China
16250:
16198:in Turfan is a key Islamic site.
14752:contain Uyghurs, Kazaks, Kyrgyz,
13553:December 1962 (age 61)
13550:November 1961 (age 62)
8393:, Pakistan with Kashgar over the
7976:
7958:
7940:
7922:
7904:
7886:
7868:
7843:
7825:
7807:
7621:
7499:
6641:Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture
6278:Hongxing No.2 Road, 89th Regiment
5703:Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture
5542:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
4065:During the Mongol Empire era the
3030:and Han Chinese. By the time the
2915:linked to the expansion of early
2800:Production and Construction Corps
2231:, the northern part of Xinjiang,
2190:. The Western Regions during the
2090:Sinjyang Uigur beye dasangga golo
1974:شينجياڭ ۇيعۇر اۆتونوميالىق رايونى
1752:Шиньжян Уйгурын өөртөө засах орон
949:From the 1990s to the 2010s, the
268:Location of Xinjiang within China
29594:
29290:
29053:Ethnic minority autonomous areas
28118:
28107:
28106:
27564:Xinjiang Agricultural University
27095:
27083:
27071:
27059:
27047:
27030:
27022:
27009:
26993:
26977:
26966:
26955:
26944:
26932:
26916:
26904:
26892:
26880:
26867:
26855:
26842:
26769:
26755:
26743:
26707:Inner Asia, Volume 4, Issues 1–2
26180:Tinibai, Kenjali (27 May 2010).
26163:Tinibai, Kenjali (28 May 2010).
25267:Lipman, Jonathan Neaman (1998).
24098:
24026:
23991:
23955:
23832:
23818:
23765:
23685:
23654:
23434:
23422:from the original on 1 July 2017
23403:
23384:
23362:
23348:
23178:
23150:
23122:
23094:
23082:from the original on 17 May 2010
23063:
23051:from the original on 16 May 2010
23031:
22997:
22966:
22935:
22879:
22853:
22827:
22801:
22775:
22749:
22723:
22668:
22636:
22599:
22567:
22541:
22515:
22490:
22478:from the original on 2 July 2016
22463:
22438:
22412:
22375:
22356:
22309:
22234:
22126:
22114:from the original on 9 June 2017
22098:
22070:
22042:
22014:
21986:
21958:
21720:
21675:
21642:
21592:
21556:
21532:
21513:
21489:
21453:
21424:
21379:
21320:
21292:
21266:
21235:
21204:
21138:
21102:
20963:
20908:
20884:
20856:
20824:
20812:from the original on 2 June 2016
20792:
20698:
20672:
20635:
20563:
20537:
20505:
20476:
20456:
20436:
20413:
20395:Ni, Vincent (26 December 2021).
20388:
20332:
20306:
20257:
20220:
20096:
20070:
20058:
20039:
20013:
19991:
19969:
19941:
19915:
19885:
19829:
19797:
19773:Jacobs, Andrew (5 August 2008).
19766:
19737:
19719:
19331:Crawford School of Public Policy
19323:Global Responsibility to Protect
19298:from the original on 7 July 2011
18592:Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (2010).
17084:Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
17023:(Press release). xinjiang.gov.cn
17021:"zh: 新疆维吾尔自治区2023年国民经济和社会发展统计公报"
16771:Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
16764:
16679:
16635:
16594:
16510:runs from Kuytun north into the
16419:
16405:
16389:
16375:
16309:
16230:, a football team that plays in
15761:Does not include members of the
15755:
14476:
14400:
13476:
13469:
13462:
13455:
13111:Eurasian pole of inaccessibility
13027:
13019:
12963:
12955:
12899:
12891:
12835:
12827:
12771:
12763:
12707:
12699:
12643:
12635:
12579:
12571:
12515:
12507:
12451:
12443:
12387:
12379:
12323:
12315:
12259:
12251:
12195:
12187:
12131:
12123:
12067:
12059:
12003:
11995:
11939:
11931:
11875:
11867:
11811:
11803:
11747:
11739:
11685:
11677:
11621:
11613:
11557:
11549:
11493:
11485:
11429:
11421:
11365:
11357:
11301:
11293:
11237:
11229:
11173:
11165:
11109:
11101:
11045:
11037:
10981:
10973:
10917:
10909:
10853:
10845:
10789:
10781:
10725:
10717:
10661:
10653:
10597:
10589:
10533:
10525:
10469:
10461:
10405:
10397:
10341:
10333:
10275:
10267:
10211:
10203:
10147:
10139:
10083:
10075:
10019:
10011:
9955:
9947:
9891:
9883:
9827:
9819:
9763:
9755:
9699:
9691:
9635:
9627:
9567:
9559:
9503:
9495:
9437:
9429:
9369:
9361:
9305:
9297:
9245:
9237:
9185:
9177:
9121:
9113:
9057:
9049:
8993:
8985:
8929:
8921:
8869:
8861:
8805:
8797:
8746:
8738:
8682:
8674:
8618:
8610:
8554:
8546:
8491:
8483:
8311:, which flows into Kazakhstan's
8233:
6823:Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
6755:K̂izilsu K̂irĝiz Aptonom Oblasti
6750:قىزىلسۇ قىرغىز ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى
6672:بۆرتالا موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى
6503:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
5930:Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
4973:
4730:equally represented in Ürümqi's
4439:History of the Republic of China
4003:
3941:
3930:
3425:
2794:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
2635:Medieval and early modern period
2523:
2494:
2224:) in 640 to control the region.
1980:Шыңжаң Ұйғыр автономиялық ауданы
1705:Sing-kiang Jûi-û-jéu Tsĕu-tī-khu
1562:Shinjiang Wheihuel Tzyhgukhickhu
1378:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
999:"Xīnjiāng" in Chinese characters
742:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
710:
587:44 languages; including the two
420: • Government Chairman
410: • Congress Chairwoman
262:
198:
191:
180:
173:
162:
71:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
27890:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
26641:Yellinek, Roie (5 March 2019).
24878:Fairbank, John K., ed. (1978).
24818:The Modernization of Inner Asia
24656:Clarke, Michael Edmund (2004).
24014:from the original on 7 May 2022
23900:2010 Islam by province, page 29
23632:Human Rights Watch Backgrounder
23444:The Citizenship Law of the USSR
22893:from the original on 9 May 2012
22867:from the original on 9 May 2012
22841:from the original on 9 May 2012
22815:from the original on 9 May 2012
22789:from the original on 9 May 2012
22763:from the original on 9 May 2012
22449:(8th ed.). Alain Charles.
22342:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.11.006
22151:from the original on 1 May 2020
22132:
20716:] (in Simplified Chinese).
20615:] (in Simplified Chinese).
20605:Shenzhen Bureau of Statistics.
20104:"Governance Asia-Pacific Watch"
19310:
19276:
19251:
19121:
19048:
19011:
18993:
18967:
18958:
18833:
18817:
18749:
18689:
18585:
18516:
18484:
18455:
18434:
18375:
18318:
18158:
18069:
18033:Molecular Biology and Evolution
18020:
17910:
17884:
17815:
17779:
17708:
17680:
17545:O'Neill, Mark (13 April 2008).
17509:
17482:Sheila Hollihan-Elliot (2006).
17475:
17459:
17258:
17175:
17145:
17120:
17100:
16622:
16202:is a notable Buddhist site. In
14574:
14372:oil and gas extraction industry
14355:but has slowly dried up in the
14201:, including Beijing, Shanghai,
13866:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
13547:August 1959 (age 65)
13279:
6677:Börtala Mongĝul Aptonom Oblasti
6028:
5924:
4862:In 2021, authorities sentenced
4654:more developed than the south.
4245:moved into the pacified areas.
4230:long struggle with the Dzungars
4166:
3400:
2814:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
1729:Sĭng-giŏng Mì-ngù-ī Cê̤ṳ-dê-kṳ̆
1728:
1704:
1688:Sin-kiong Ûi-ngô͘-ní Chū-tī-khu
1687:
1661:
1638:
1366:
1342:
1325:
1298:
1284:
1270:
1249:
770:8th-largest country subdivision
29372:Special administrative regions
27810:September 2009 Xinjiang unrest
27434:Second East Turkestan Republic
27388:Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas
25859:The modern approach to history
25838:Historical Dictionary of Tibet
25814:Pollard, Vincent, ed. (2011).
25721:. Cambridge University Press.
25294:. Hong Kong University Press.
25111:Islamic Culture Board (1971).
24964:. Cambridge University Press.
24586:. The Rosen Publishing Group.
24514:Burns, John F. (6 July 1983).
24250:. Princeton University Press.
24068:
23661:Stanley Toops (7 March 2016).
23287:中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九九〇年人口普查主要数据的公报
23263:中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九八二年人口普查主要数字的公报
23215:中华人民共和国国家统计局关于第一次全国人口调查登记结果的公报
19448:University of Washington Press
18675:. Cambridge University Press.
18325:Benjamin, Craig (3 May 2018).
17717:
17219:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.).
17113:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
17075:
16895:
16869:
16835:
16731:
16228:Xinjiang Tianshan Leopard F.C.
16224:Chinese Basketball Association
16200:Bezeklik Thousand Buddha Caves
14136:The GDP of Xinjiang was about
14032:
14027:
14025:
13907:claimed, based on analysis of
13808:
13789:
13770:
13751:
13732:
13713:
13694:
13681:
13662:
13649:
13630:
13611:
13360:A semiarid or desert climate (
8207:political subdivision of China
7225:
6713:Bāyīnguōlèng Měnggǔ Zìzhìzhōu
5461:Subordinate to Ili Kazakh A.P.
4872:death with a two-year reprieve
4829:Chinese Communist Party leader
4583:Second East Turkestan Republic
4451:Second East Turkestan Republic
4421:
4081:(with the assistance of local
3319:
3301:in 640. The nearby kingdom of
3170:
3164:
3103:
3093:
2330:
2267:
2261:
2257:Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas
2237:
2220:
2200:
2182:
1908:
1892:
1876:
1862:Shinjang Uyghur Aptonom Rayoni
1860:
1802:
1617:
1602:ثٍڭِیَانْ وِوُعَر زِجِکِیُوِ
1599:
1575:
1561:
1547:
1533:
1517:
1504:Shinjiang Weiwueel Tzyhjyhchiu
1503:
1477:
1461:
1407:
1389:
1228:
1210:
1186:
1172:
1158:
1144:
1128:
1114:
1100:
1086:
1016:
124:Shinjang Uyghur Aptonom Rayoni
90:
13:
1:
27702:Apak Khoja and Xiang Fei Tomb
27429:First East Turkestan Republic
27356:Dzungar conquest of Altishahr
27107:Disputed region of Aksai Chin
27048:
26933:
26760:The dictionary definition of
26523:. Stanford University Press.
25959:. Columbia University Press.
25953:Rudelson, Justin Jon (1997).
25616:. Columbia University Press.
25553:. Columbia University Press.
25532:. Stanford University Press.
24910:Forbes, Andrew D. W. (1986).
24863:. Stanford University Press.
24321:. Columbia University Press.
24074:"祖丽菲娅·阿不都卡德尔代表：见证新疆交通事业的日益腾飞"
23410:Wong, Edward (11 July 2009).
23070:Summers, Josh (14 May 2010).
22021:David Stanway (1 July 2021).
21605:Journal of Contemporary China
21084:. Cambridge, United Kingdom:
20001:. En.people.cn. 3 August 2017
18669:"Chapter 5 – The Qarakhanids"
16792:
16492:Jinghe–Yining–Khorgos railway
13400:Time in China § Xinjiang
6765:Kèzīlèsū Kē'ěrkèzī Zìzhìzhōu
6646:سانجى خۇيزۇ ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى
6508:شىنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونى
6249:Xingjiang Road, 29th Regiment
4761:rate has reached 85 percent.
4709:since the 1990s, such as the
4508:First East Turkestan Republic
4502:to crush the revolts. In the
4447:First East Turkestan Republic
4331:Yakub Beg, ruler of Yettishar
4271:Muhammad Yusuf Khoja invasion
2143:, as well as Khotan, Khotay,
1837:شىنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونى
851:Xinjiang is divided into the
482:8,611 m (28,251 ft)
116:شىنجاڭ ئۇيغۇر ئاپتونوم رايونى
29939:1955 establishments in China
27855:2013 Tiananmen Square attack
27840:Tianjin Airlines Flight 7554
27578:
27398:Holy War of the Seven Khojas
27031:
27023:
26777:travel guide from Wikivoyage
26649:. Vol. 19, no. 5.
26544:. University of California.
26453:10.1080/01419870.2010.543692
26427:Resources in other libraries
26201:. Rutgers University Press.
25995:Sanders, Alan J. K. (2010).
25517:Romanovski, M., ed. (1870).
24905:. Vol. 2. J. H. Colton.
24842:. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag.
24294:Bellér-Hann, Ildikó (2008).
24180:Andreyev, Alexandre (2014).
24159:Andreyev, Alexandre (2003).
24144:. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
24140:Adle, Chahryar, ed. (2003).
24112:(in Chinese). Archived from
21832:"新疆生产建设兵团2022年国民经济和社会发展统计公报"
21749:Historical GDP of Provinces
21553:. Retrieved on 12 July 2013.
20110:. April 2007. Archived from
20067:(Retrieved on 29 July 2014).
19191:Council on Foreign Relations
17389:. 7 May 2011. Archived from
16797:
16383:Ürümqi South railway station
16176:, almost exclusively of the
13832:Poverty alleviation programs
13496:People's Congress Chairwoman
13442:
6828:ئىلى قازاق ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى
6514:Xinjang Uyĝur Aptonom Rayoni
6442:
6440:
6438:
6413:
6411:
6409:
6381:
6379:
6377:
6347:
6345:
6343:
6313:
6311:
6309:
6284:
6282:
6280:
6255:
6253:
6251:
6226:
6224:
6222:
6191:
6189:
6187:
6158:
6156:
6154:
6125:
6123:
6121:
6117:Jinyinchuan Road Subdistrict
6092:
6090:
6088:
6055:
6053:
6051:
6018:
6013:
5979:
5945:
5918:
5913:
5880:
5853:
5848:
5821:
5816:
5783:
5756:
5751:
5718:
5688:
5661:
5659:
5629:
5627:
5625:
5598:
5596:
4825:Civil Servant-Family Pair Up
4618:, when Kuomintang commander
4459:Kuomintang in Xinjiang, 1942
4359:by the Muslim Hui and other
4315:
3770:Islamic Association of China
2117:Xinjong Üighür Oftunum Rayun
2111:شىنجاڭ ئۈيغۈر ئافتۇنۇم رەيۇن
1894:Xinjang Uyĝur Aptonom Rayoni
1878:Xinjang Uyƣur Aptonom Rayoni
1640:sin cian vi ng el zy zy chiu
1548:Syīnjyāng Wéiwúěr Dz̀jr̀chyū
1534:Sinjiang Wéiwú'ěr Zìhjhìhcyu
963:occasional terrorist attacks
7:
29944:Autonomous regions of China
28667:Yengisar / Yingjisha County
27880:Assassination of Juma Tayir
27569:Xinjiang Medical University
26822:Places adjacent to Xinjiang
25909:Roberts, John A.G. (2011).
25715:Parker, Charles H. (2010).
25613:China's Search for Security
25568:Morozova, Irina Y. (2009).
25547:Millward, James A. (2007).
25526:Millward, James A. (1998).
25414:. Vol. 12. H. Tardieu.
25189:. In Moses, A. Dirk (ed.).
25117:. Vol. 27–29. Deccan.
25082:Howell, Anthony J. (2009).
25048:. Oxford University Press.
24635:Clarke, Michael E. (2011).
24315:Bovingdon, Gardner (2010).
24271:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
23692:Lew, Linda (15 June 2021).
23507:Toops, Stanley (May 2004).
22447:The China Business Handbook
21004:"Decoding Chinese Politics"
18839:Chu, Wen-Djang (1966). The
17526:: Mouton & Co. p.
16749:
16587:
16168:school of jurisprudence or
16064:
14084:
14076:
14068:
14060:
14052:
14044:
14036:
13888:Xi Jinping's administration
13419:
13214:Irtysh–Karamay–Ürümqi Canal
8425:
8422:
8419:
8225:Mountain systems and basins
6833:Ili K̂azak̂ Aptonom Oblasti
6687:Bó'ěrtǎlā Měnggǔ Zìzhìzhōu
6651:Sanji Huyzu Aptonom Oblasti
4786:August 2009 syringe attacks
4296:in 1828 by the Manchus for
3285:were conducted against the
3281:During the Tang dynasty, a
3014:Nomadic tribes such as the
2781:2nd East Turkestan Republic
2776:1st East Turkestan Republic
2023:Şincañ-Uyğur avtonom rayonu
2022:
2017:Шинжаң-Уйгур автоном району
2011:شئنجاڭ ۇيعۇر اپتونوم رايونۇ
1985:
1909:Шинҗаң Уйғур Аптоном Райони
369:1142 towns and subdistricts
147:
123:
97:
10:
29990:
29727:against Northwest khanates
29432:political status of Taiwan
29424:People's Republic of China
28084:China–Kyrgyzstan relations
28079:China–Kazakhstan relations
27446:People's Republic of China
26500:dambijantsan.doncroner.com
26477:dambijantsan.doncroner.com
26379:Znamenski, Andrei (2011).
26046:Sinor, Denis, ed. (1990).
25476:Mesny's Chinese Miscellany
25452:. Vol. III. Shanghai.
25450:Mesny's Chinese Miscellany
25424:Mesny's Chinese Miscellany
24836:Dwyer, Arienne M. (2007).
24527:Bretschneider, E. (1876).
24391:10.1163/146481700793647788
24350:10.1163/000000009793066460
24132:
23827:China Statistical Yearbook
23441:Ginsburgs, George (1983).
22420:"Lop Nur, Xinjiang, China"
22107:新疆维吾尔自治区2016年国民经济和社会发展统计公报
21566:Uyghur Separatist Conflict
21086:Cambridge University Press
21080:Zhan, Jing Vivian (2022).
19626:Hopper & Webber (2009)
19614:Hopper & Webber (2009)
19602:Hopper & Webber (2009)
19590:Hopper & Webber (2009)
19379:Hopper & Webber (2009)
19339:10.1163/1875-984X-13010002
18774:The Encyclopaedia of Islam
18667:Soucek, Svatopluk (2000).
18282:10.1038/s41586-021-04052-7
16068:
14941:Ethnic groups in Xinjiang
14923:(especially the cities of
14578:
14462:
14458:
14389:
14021:
13955:
13869:
13855:
13423:
13393:
13348:
13249:
13043:
6449:
6062:
6025:
5482:Sino-Indian border dispute
5473:Disputed areas claimed by
4923:prefecture-level divisions
4909:
4592:
4589:People's Republic of China
4436:
4319:
4170:
4161:Buddhist Uyghurs in Turfan
4007:
2864:
2858:
2489:
2108:
2077:
2044:
1930:
750:People's Republic of China
490:−154 m (−505 ft)
446:National People's Congress
76:Name transcription(s)
49:Autonomous region in China
31:
27:Autonomous region of China
29954:Iranian languages regions
29849:
29788:
29755:
29717:
29684:
29642:
29612:
29603:
29592:
29480:
29413:
29393:
29370:
29337:
29299:
29288:
29167:
29040:
28941:
28903:
28844:
28809:
28759:
28748:
28690:
28657:Yengixahar / Shule County
28647:Kargilik / Yecheng County
28616:
28556:
28547:
28490:
28439:
28373:
28353:
28321:
28293:
28260:
28207:
28198:
28184:
28102:
28024:
27898:
27885:Xinjiang internment camps
27750:
27694:
27673:
27615:
27577:
27549:
27461:
27182:
27168:
26827:
26440:Ethnic and Racial Studies
26422:Resources in your library
26300:Westad, Odd Arne (2012).
26258:Wayne, Martin I. (2007).
26195:Tyler, Christian (2004).
26142:Theobald, Ulrich (2013).
25792:10.1017/s0026749x00016796
25757:Perdue, Peter C. (2009).
25652:Nyman, Lars-Erik (1977).
25478:. Vol. IV. Shanghai.
25426:. Vol. II. Shanghai.
25330:Marks, Robert B. (2011).
25135:Return To The Silk Routes
24931:Garnaut, Anthony (2008).
24857:Elliott, Mark C. (2001).
24488:. H.M. Stationery Office.
24082:(in Simplified Chinese).
23923:James D. Seymour (1985).
23909:. Data from Yang Zongde,
22612:Stanford University Press
22548:WebAdmin (21 June 2021).
22424:earthobservatory.nasa.gov
21902:; Cheung, Olivia (2024).
21868:Stanford University Press
21617:10.1080/10670560500535043
21473:10.4159/9780674970441-009
21461:"6. From Party to Nation"
20706:Ministry of Civil Affairs
20571:Ministry of Civil Affairs
19559:Stanford University Press
19517:. Asia 2000 Ltd. p.
19477:Stanford University Press
19235:Columbia University Press
19105:Stanford University Press
18843:. Mouton & co.. p. 1.
18523:C. Michael Hogan (2007).
18401:10.1163/22125892-00701007
18388:Indo-European Linguistics
18177:Schurr, Theodore (2015).
17733:
17225:Columbia University Press
16720:
16519:Southern Xinjiang railway
16488:Northern Xinjiang railway
16464:Turkestan–Siberia Railway
16427:Southern Xinjiang Railway
16213:
15253:
14945:
14940:
14792:, Manchus. Around 70,000
14624:—
14327:Mining-related industries
14146:China Western Development
14089:
13862:Xinjiang internment camps
8410:
8296:
7232:
7213:
7203:
7186:
7176:
7159:
7149:
7132:
7122:
7105:
7095:
7078:
7068:
7051:
7041:
7024:
7014:
6997:
6987:
6970:
6960:
6943:
6933:
6916:
6906:
6889:
6879:
6863:
6853:
6837:
6827:
6811:
6801:
6785:
6775:
6759:
6749:
6733:
6723:
6707:
6697:
6681:
6671:
6655:
6645:
6629:
6619:
6602:
6592:
6575:
6565:
6548:
6538:
6526:Xīnjiāng Wéiwú'ěr Zìzhìqū
6519:
6507:
6479:
6456:Sub-provincial prefecture
6307:Xinfu Road, 66th Regiment
5478:and administered by China
4972:
4970:
4965:
4844:Party Committee Secretary
4294:sliced to death (Lingchi)
3113:
2810:Xinjiang internment camps
2251:
2165:
2125:
2101:
2096:
2070:
2065:
2037:
2032:
2016:
2007:
2000:
1995:
1979:
1970:
1963:
1958:
1948:
1924:
1919:
1901:
1885:
1869:
1853:
1848:
1844:
1835:
1829:
1824:
1795:
1790:
1786:
1765:
1758:
1751:
1744:
1739:
1718:
1711:
1694:
1677:
1670:
1654:
1647:
1631:
1624:
1610:
1592:
1585:
1568:
1554:
1540:
1526:
1510:
1496:
1470:
1463:Xīnjiāng Wéiwú'ěr Zìzhìqū
1454:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1429:Xīnjiāng Wéiwú'ěr Zìzhìqū
1422:
1418:
1400:
1382:
1377:
1356:
1349:
1332:
1315:
1308:
1291:
1277:
1263:
1256:
1242:
1235:
1221:
1203:
1196:
1179:
1165:
1151:
1137:
1121:
1107:
1093:
1079:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1055:
1045:
1041:
1031:
1027:
1017:
1009:
1004:
992:
988:
983:
674:
656:
646:
632:
612:
602:
580:
540:
535:
525:
517:
507:
499:
494:
486:
478:
468:
460:
455:
443:
429:
419:
409:
396:
388:
378:
373:
334:
320:
308:
273:
261:
240:People's Square of Ürümqi
155:
140:
132:
105:
98:Xīnjiāng Wéiwú'ěr Zìzhìqū
80:
75:
70:
61:
54:
42:Xinjiang (disambiguation)
29520:Western Turkic Khaganate
29515:Eastern Turkic Khaganate
29426:but administered by the
28677:Konaxahar / Shufu County
28652:Yopurga / Yuepuhu County
28632:Maralbexi / Bachu County
28089:China–Pakistan relations
27870:April 2014 Ürümqi attack
27850:June 2013 Shanshan riots
27780:1997 Ürümqi bus bombings
27541:Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway
26356:10.1177/0097700405282349
26243:. Taylor & Francis.
25862:. University Publishers.
25856:Prakash, Buddha (1963).
25673:Paine, S. C. M. (1996).
25497:Michell, Robert (2015).
25214:. Taylor & Francis.
25164:Lattimore, Owen (1950).
24958:Gernet, Jacques (1996).
24794:Dillon, Michael (2003).
24773:Dillon, Michael (2008).
24685:Crowe, David M. (2014).
24641:. Taylor & Francis.
24533:. Trübner & Company.
24398:
24244:Beckwith, Christopher I.
23913:, Jinan Muslim, 2, 2010.
23798:
23736:
23699:South China Morning Post
23667:University of Nottingham
23310:
23286:
23262:
23238:
23214:
23186:
23158:
23130:
23102:
23039:
23005:
22106:
22078:
21713:15 December 2013 at the
20832:
20771:
20742:
20709:
20643:
20607:
20576:2014年12月中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码
20575:
20082:South China Morning Post
19442:Harrell, Stevan (2023).
19317:Clarke, Michael (2021).
19056:
18525:"Silk Road, North China"
18494:Journal of World History
18462:Dillon, Michael (1998).
17729:Tajik-Chinese Dictionary
17723:
17516:William Samolin (1964).
17347:
17337:
17282:– via archive.org.
16815:
16615:
16570:Ürümqi–Dzungaria railway
16449:third outlet to the east
16413:Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway
16255:
16218:Xinjiang is home to the
16138:Christianity in Xinjiang
15763:People's Liberation Army
14800:and civil officers from
14508:
14270:Xinjiang cotton industry
14152:for 2022 was CN¥68,552 (
14037:GDP in billions of Yuan
9993:38.653806°N 73.8023917°E
8205:Xinjiang is the largest
6661:Chāngjí Huízú Zìzhìzhōu
4906:Administrative divisions
4798:April 2014 Ürümqi attack
4711:1997 Ürümqi bus bombings
4622:and government chairman
4616:entered Xinjiang in 1949
4613:People's Liberation Army
4344:, whose population (the
4302:Robert Montgomery Martin
4189:The Qing Empire ca. 1820
4173:Xinjiang under Qing rule
3548:Second Sino-Japanese War
3287:Western Turkic Khaganate
2618:Eastern Turkic Khaganate
2613:Western Turkic Khaganate
1481:ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄤ
1402:Traditional Chinese
1101:ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄤ
976:
754:northwest of the country
29525:Second Turkic Khaganate
28672:Yarkant / Shache County
28662:Makit / Maigaiti County
28200:Prefecture-level cities
27845:April 2013 Bachu unrest
27665:Chinese Islamic cuisine
27112:Tibet Autonomous Region
26786:Encyclopædia Britannica
26626:Yap, Joseph P. (2009).
25042:Harris, Rachel (2004).
24607:Encyclopædia Britannica
24106:"新疆将重点规划城际铁路 4小时经济圈已形成"
24072:), ed. (3 March 2011).
22707:Oxford University Press
21908:Oxford University Press
21506:11 October 2017 at the
20680:"新疆维吾尔自治区第七次全国人口普查主要数据"
19871:San Francisco Chronicle
19744:Elizabeth Van Wie Davis
19701:(2): 59. Archived from
19471:Zhao, Suisheng (2022).
19407:Guo & Hickey (2009)
19135:Encyclopædia Britannica
19005:Encyclopedia Britannica
18673:A history of Inner Asia
18569:Leiden University Press
18137:Betts, Allison (2019).
17898:(in Simplified Chinese)
16397:Kashgar railway station
16300:
14907:and the prefectures of
14553:Xinjiang Economic Daily
14268:is also practiced. The
14233:Agriculture and fishing
13992:Turkistan Islamic Party
13490:CCP Committee Secretary
13389:
13160:monument to this effect
13064:Center of the continent
8843:36.850000°N 75.427778°E
8656:35.840000°N 76.250000°E
8529:35.656667°N 76.860556°E
8465:35.513333°N 77.823056°E
6183:Renmin Road Subdistrict
4927:prefecture-level cities
4817:Chinese Communist Party
4806:Turkistan Islamic Party
4774:China Southern Airlines
4681:Chinese economic reform
3249:, remnants of a state (
3068:Paleosiberian languages
2623:Second Turkic Khaganate
2429:East Kazakhstan Regions
2395:provinces to the east,
2373:Tibet Autonomous Region
2116:
1384:Simplified Chinese
932:Chinese Communist Party
859:) in the north and the
834:Tibet Autonomous Region
828:regions are claimed by
633: • Per capita
526: • Rank
29510:First Turkic Khaganate
28731:Keriya / Yutian County
28682:Taxkorgan Tajik County
28482:Hoboksar Mongol County
28168:County-level divisions
28094:China–Turkey relations
27875:May 2014 Ürümqi attack
27805:July 2009 Ürümqi riots
27410:Reconquest of Xinjiang
27270:Four Garrisons of Anxi
26538:Kim, Kwangmin (2008).
26169:Bloomberg Businessweek
25988:The Lewiston Daily Sun
25694:Palmer, James (2011).
25368:. Australia: Methuen.
25362:Martyn, Norma (1987).
25063:Hill, John E. (2009).
24748:Dickens, Mark (1990).
24691:. Palgrave Macmillan.
24551:The Chinese Repository
24541:The Chinese Repository
24422:Harvard Asia Quarterly
24397:Qiu, Yuanyao (1994),
23447:. BRILL. p. 309.
22445:Alain Charles (2005).
22369:8 October 2013 at the
21525:6 October 2014 at the
21213:"China's hidden camps"
20776:China Statistics Print
20747:China Statistics Print
20718:China Statistics Print
20644:中国2010年人口普查分乡, 镇, 街道资料
20617:China Statistics Print
19099:Laikwan, Pang (2024).
18777:. Brill. p. 677.
18359:The Spread of Buddhism
18224:10.1186/1741-7007-8-15
18102:10.1126/sciadv.abd6690
18011:Liu & Faure (1996)
17995:Liu & Faure (1996)
17979:Liu & Faure (1996)
17963:Liu & Faure (1996)
17947:Liu & Faure (1996)
17828:National Palace Museum
17082:Longman, J.C. (2008).
16559:Hotan–Ruoqiang railway
16267:
16220:Xinjiang Flying Tigers
16134:Chinese folk religions
14869:
14842:
14831:
14820:
14594:
14441:
14376:West–East Gas Pipeline
14363:, a key ingredient in
14211:
14133:
14122:
14111:
14103:
13975:
13924:UN Human Rights Office
13601:
13439:
13357:
13293:
13226:
13197:
13177:
8367:
8334:
8202:
6843:Yīlí Hāsàkè Zìzhìzhōu
6491:SASM/GNC Uyghur Pinyin
5447:county-level divisions
4935:autonomous prefectures
4853:abuse and mistreatment
4802:May 2014 Ürümqi attack
4608:
4487:
4460:
4412:
4333:
4201:
4190:
4182:
4132:
4038:
3487:Rebellions and revolts
3299:annexation of Gaochang
3278:
3206:
3198:
2961:Ancient North Eurasian
2905:Ancient North Eurasian
2900:
2608:First Turkic Khaganate
2348:
2340:
2180:or Xiyu Protectorate (
934:(CCP) established the
752:(PRC), located in the
718:This article contains
479:Highest elevation
430: • Regional
40:. For other uses, see
29652:against Western Turks
28736:Karakax / Moyu County
28721:Gumar / Pishan County
28716:Niya / Minfeng County
28357:autonomous prefecture
28074:World Uyghur Congress
28067:Independence movement
28037:Migration to Xinjiang
27830:Pishan hostage crisis
25870:March of Central Asia
25736:Pegg, Carole (2001).
25631:Newby, L. J. (2005).
25389:Air University Review
25309:Lorge, Peter (2006).
25262:on 23 September 2010.
25185:Levene, Mark (2008).
24902:The book of the world
24455:(Another online copy)
24207:. White Horse Press.
24040:The Business Standard
23905:27 April 2017 at the
23864:Wang, Xiuhua (2015).
23799:3–7 各地、州、市、县(市)分民族人口数
23250:on 14 September 2012.
22649:People's Daily Online
22554:International Finance
22502:www.chinasignpost.com
22250:. 10 September 2021.
22142:Oxford University BSG
21687:31 March 2012 at the
20026:Middle East Institute
19485:10.1515/9781503634152
18529:The Megalithic Portal
18503:10.1353/jwh.2001.0034
18440:Iaroslav Lebedynsky,
18046:10.1093/molbev/msx177
17917:任, 可澄; 杨, 恩元 (1948).
17776:, pp. xviii, 60.
17410:Catholic Encyclopedia
16557:. There are also the
16531:Kashgar–Hotan railway
16508:Kuytun–Beitun railway
16470:, which extends from
16447:in Gansu Province. A
16287:, plus some parts of
16263:
16069:Further information:
15576:former Ili Prefecture
14863:
14837:
14826:
14818:
14598:Historical population
14592:
14581:Migration to Xinjiang
14579:Further information:
14559:For a time after the
14463:Further information:
14437:
14390:Further information:
14344:in the 19th century.
14195:
14128:
14117:
14109:
14101:
13969:
13929:On 28 June 2020, the
13858:Human rights in China
13728:Abdul'ahat Abdulrixit
13596:
13433:
13424:Further information:
13356:
13291:
13222:
13192:is a famous spot for
13183:
13173:
13142:43.68111°N 87.33111°E
12937:42.07022°N 80.21003°E
12873:42.04934°N 80.21078°E
12681:40.56114°N 76.56965°E
12617:40.47805°N 76.53704°E
12553:40.42914°N 76.50312°E
12489:40.41196°N 76.45904°E
12425:40.38185°N 76.36949°E
12361:40.34612°N 76.33113°E
12233:40.36648°N 76.00256°E
12169:40.37611°N 75.96578°E
12105:40.30978°N 75.85505°E
11977:40.47055°N 75.72222°E
11913:40.59985°N 75.62223°E
11721:40.46778°N 74.81406°E
11659:40.42097°N 74.81503°E
11531:40.28128°N 74.61626°E
11403:40.08974°N 74.09467°E
11275:40.26928°N 74.58181°E
11083:40.10652°N 74.11892°E
10955:40.08405°N 74.01892°E
10891:40.04483°N 73.97866°E
10827:40.01417°N 73.96673°E
10571:39.75665°N 73.86167°E
10507:39.74583°N 73.88416°E
10443:39.74686°N 73.89173°E
10379:39.72847°N 73.91437°E
10249:39.59439°N 73.92407°E
10185:39.56447°N 73.91435°E
10121:37.82115°N 74.94492°E
9998:38.653806; 73.8023917
9865:38.57556°N 74.07222°E
9801:38.62833°N 74.48472°E
9737:38.42833°N 74.86722°E
9673:38.27694°N 74.80111°E
9541:37.82115°N 74.94492°E
9477:37.58944°N 74.93611°E
8592:35.87318°N 76.57692°E
8363:
8325:
8196:
8189:Geography and geology
7320:Bayingolin Prefecture
4857:CCP General Secretary
4694:A brisk cross-border
4606:
4599:Migration to Xinjiang
4485:
4458:
4417:reconquering Xinjiang
4410:
4329:
4196:
4188:
4180:
4126:
4024:Northern Yuan dynasty
4021:
3516:Second Dungan Revolt
3370:, later converted to
3283:series of expeditions
3259:
3204:
3196:
3060:Tibeto-Burmese groups
2898:
2865:Further information:
2346:
2338:
2235:was known as Zhunbu (
957:and the influence of
926:. Since 1949 and the
911:, Chinese Turkistan,
836:and the provinces of
826:Trans-Karakoram Tract
756:at the crossroads of
521:16/km (40/sq mi)
487:Lowest elevation
29864:Greater Central Asia
28637:Poskam / Zepu County
28341:Barkol Kazakh County
27825:2011 Kashgar attacks
27770:1992 Ürümqi bombings
27722:Grand Bazaar, Ürümqi
27501:Gurbantünggüt Desert
27277:Beiting Protectorate
26752:at Wikimedia Commons
26730:The Montreal Gazette
26651:Jamestown Foundation
26517:Kim, Hodong (2004).
26509:on 3 September 2014.
26491:Croner, Don (2010).
26486:on 3 September 2014.
26468:Croner, Don (2009).
26327:. World Scientific.
26285:. World Scientific.
26052:. Psychology Press.
26037:Sinor, Denis (ed.).
25873:. Indus Publishing.
25780:Modern Asian Studies
24116:on 23 September 2021
23396:3 April 2008 at the
23239:第二次全国人口普查结果的几项主要统计数字
22322:Ecological Modelling
21395:. 25 September 2021.
21365:The Associated Press
19391:Guo & Guo (2007)
18470:. Psychology Press.
17849:, for New Territory.
17557:on 21 September 2013
17442:Encyclopædia Iranica
17274:. London. p. 11
16578:Golmud–Korla railway
16574:Hami–Lop Nur railway
16563:Golmud–Korla railway
16333:improve this section
16244:Diamond in the Dunes
16188:Afaq Khoja Mausoleum
13535:Nurlan Abilmazhinuly
13275:, east of Taklamakan
13259:Gurbantünggüt Desert
13070:Gurbantünggüt Desert
12745:40.64156°N 76.6497°E
12595:Karabel' Vtoroy Pass
12590:Karabel' Vtoroy Pass
12531:Karabel' Pervyy Pass
12526:Karabel' Pervyy Pass
12041:40.3261°N 75.82059°E
11849:40.63374°N 75.5207°E
11595:40.27238°N 74.6524°E
11467:40.21973°N 74.5368°E
11147:40.11038°N 74.1286°E
10763:39.9114°N 73.91068°E
10699:39.8652°N 73.89535°E
9279:37.28395°N 74.7328°E
8967:36.97374°N 75.2973°E
8848:36.850000; 75.427778
8720:35.8234°N 76.16249°E
8661:35.840000; 76.250000
8534:35.656667; 76.860556
8470:35.513333; 77.823056
8376:Gurbantünggüt Desert
8257:improve this section
6084:Hongshan Subdistrict
4956:administered by the
4949:and Hui minorities.
4540:invaded the province
4536:Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra
4236:, the Qing attacked
4093:to the west and the
3508:First Dungan Revolt
3307:captured by the Tang
2327:Autonomous Region".
2204:). Qi refers to the
915:and East Turkistan.
518: • Density
438:Nurlan Abilmazhinuly
222:Afaq Khoja Mausoleum
18:Politics of Xinjiang
28953:County-level cities
28280:Baijiantan District
28242:Dabancheng District
28011:Ghulam Osman Yaghma
27860:2014 Kunming attack
27835:2012 Yecheng attack
27795:2008 Kashgar attack
27695:Visitor attractions
27559:Xinjiang University
27521:Karakoram Mountains
27393:Afaqi Khoja revolts
27299:Kara-Khanid Khanate
27005:Badakhshan Province
26109:Tamm, Eric (2013).
25867:Rahul, Ram (2000).
25841:. Scarecrow Press.
25589:Myer, Will (2003).
25027:. Lexington Books.
25006:. Lexington Books.
24754:OXUS COMMUNICATIONS
24433:Linguistic Typology
24225:History of Mongolia
23040:新疆"7-5"事件后全面恢复互联网业务
22652:. 2 November 2004.
22334:2012EcMod.225...28D
22175:, pp. 112–113.
21545:11 May 2013 at the
20984:on 17 December 2012
20922:on 4 December 2011.
20521:. 11 September 2023
20237:. 21 October 2020.
20202:The Washington Post
19753:12 May 2008 at the
19708:on 6 January 2011.
19664:on 29 February 2012
19628:, pp. 187–188.
19604:, pp. 178–179.
19592:, pp. 173–175.
19333:, Australia: 9–19.
19260:Dilemmas of Victory
19229:Qian, Ying (2024).
19057:从 斌静案 看清代驻疆官员与新疆的稳定
18274:2021Natur.599..256Z
18094:2021SciA....7.6690W
17618:. 21 October 2016.
16823:on 22 December 2015
16551:Yecheng (Karghilik)
16239:Xinjiang University
16143:Cultural Revolution
14947:2020 Chinese census
14885:national minorities
14599:
14546:, the world's only
14322:Mining and minerals
14029:Development of GDP
13980:Uyghur nationalists
13852:Human rights abuses
13838:poverty alleviation
13449:
13138: /
13100:46.2800°N 86.6700°E
13095: /
12997: /
12933: /
12869: /
12809:41.4114°N 78.4131°E
12805: /
12741: /
12677: /
12613: /
12549: /
12485: /
12421: /
12403:Tuyukkhodzhent Pass
12398:Tuyukkhodzhent Pass
12357: /
12297:40.41093°N 76.282°E
12293: /
12229: /
12165: /
12101: /
12037: /
11973: /
11909: /
11845: /
11785:40.5517°N 75.3939°E
11781: /
11717: /
11655: /
11591: /
11527: /
11463: /
11399: /
11339:40.1359°N 74.4161°E
11335: /
11271: /
11211:40.1134°N 74.2698°E
11207: /
11143: /
11079: /
11019:40.0807°N 74.0658°E
11015: /
10951: /
10887: /
10823: /
10759: /
10695: /
10635:39.7647°N 73.8388°E
10631: /
10567: /
10503: /
10439: /
10375: /
10315:39.7172°N 73.9735°E
10311: /
10245: /
10181: /
10117: /
10053: /
9989: /
9925: /
9861: /
9797: /
9733: /
9669: /
9609:38.1498°N 74.8038°E
9605: /
9537: /
9473: /
9407: /
9343:37.2236°N 74.8744°E
9339: /
9275: /
9219:37.2545°N 74.6147°E
9215: /
9155: /
9095:37.0792°N 74.6722°E
9091: /
9031:37.0039°N 74.8511°E
9027: /
8963: /
8899: /
8839: /
8780:35.8532°N 76.1424°E
8776: /
8716: /
8652: /
8588: /
8525: /
8461: /
7182:Yëngi Yultuz Xäĥiri
6859:Tarbaĝatay Vilayiti
6854:تارباغاتاي ۋىلايىتى
4794:2014 Kunming attack
4778:2008 Kashgar attack
4732:floating population
4640:forced assimilation
4636:settler colonialism
4538:. The Soviet Union
4473:Northern Expedition
4213:then conducted the
4155:(the leader of the
4114:Great Wall of China
3994:Kara-Khanid Khanate
3532:Post-dynastic China
3524:Afaqi Khoja revolts
3347:Kara-Khanid Khanate
3274:ceramic statuette,
3139:war against Xiongnu
3076:Yeniseian languages
3005:Xiaohe Tomb complex
2981:Xiaohe Tomb complex
2861:History of Xinjiang
2708:Ming ruled Kara Del
2665:Kara-Khanid Khanate
2461:Badakhshan Province
1618:Щинҗён Уйгур Зыҗычү
955:separatist conflict
541: • Ethnic
289: /
211:Clockwise from top:
29949:Historical regions
29301:Autonomous regions
28846:Bayingholin Mongol
28726:Qira / Cele County
28711:Lop / Luopu County
28431:Qapqal Xibe County
28232:Shuimogou District
27790:2008 Uyghur unrest
27785:2007 Xinjiang raid
27760:1989 Ürümqi unrest
27607:Tocharian clothing
26619:Norins, Martin R.
26188:Transitions Online
25912:A History of China
24760:on 23 October 2008
24733:. Pentagon Press.
24520:The New York Times
24496:China, Japan, Siam
24364:Unknown parameter
23806:on 1 November 2020
23636:Human Rights Watch
23591:Bellér-Hann (2008)
23480:Bellér-Hann (2008)
23416:The New York Times
23322:on 29 August 2012.
22923:on 25 October 2012
22701:Han, Enze (2024).
22304:Bellér-Hann (2008)
22247:Xinhua News Agency
22185:Bellér-Hann (2008)
22173:Bellér-Hann (2008)
21551:China Perspectives
21336:. 1 September 2022
21308:. 10 December 2021
21117:Human Rights Watch
21042:. 9 January 2020.
20933:Han, Enze (2010).
20838:www.weather.com.cn
20833:吐鲁番 – 气象数据 – 中国天气网
20020:Selçuk Colakoğlu.
19845:. 4 September 2009
19779:The New York Times
19514:The Forbidden Door
17892:"贵州通志 (四库全书本)/全览1"
17870:podcasts.apple.com
17835:on 29 January 2020
17694:The New York Times
17653:The New York Times
17338:新疆绿洲面积已从4.3%增至9.7%
17163:on 7 December 2020
17116:. Merriam-Webster.
16779:Tacheng Prefecture
16517:In the south, the
16268:
15765:in active service.
15597:Tacheng Prefecture
15514:Kashgar Prefecture
14870:
14843:
14832:
14821:
14597:
14595:
14569:Xinhua News Agency
14525:, broadcasting in
14488:. You can help by
14442:
14316:northern whitefish
14134:
14123:
14112:
14104:
13976:
13877:Human Rights Watch
13758:ئىسمائىل تىلىۋالدى
13602:
13447:
13440:
13358:
13294:
13227:
13198:
13178:
13147:43.68111; 87.33111
13072:, the location in
13058:North China Craton
12942:42.07022; 80.21003
12878:42.04934; 80.21078
12686:40.56114; 76.56965
12622:40.47805; 76.53704
12558:40.42914; 76.50312
12494:40.41196; 76.45904
12430:40.38185; 76.36949
12366:40.34612; 76.33113
12238:40.36648; 76.00256
12174:40.37611; 75.96578
12110:40.30978; 75.85505
11982:40.47055; 75.72222
11918:40.59985; 75.62223
11726:40.46778; 74.81406
11664:40.42097; 74.81503
11536:40.28128; 74.61626
11408:40.08974; 74.09467
11280:40.26928; 74.58181
11253:Shuralu-Davan Pass
11248:Shuralu-Davan Pass
11088:40.10652; 74.11892
10960:40.08405; 74.01892
10896:40.04483; 73.97866
10832:40.01417; 73.96673
10576:39.75665; 73.86167
10512:39.74583; 73.88416
10448:39.74686; 73.89173
10384:39.72847; 73.91437
10254:39.59439; 73.92407
10227:Karachaychaty Pass
10222:Karachaychaty Pass
10190:39.56447; 73.91435
10126:37.82115; 74.94492
10057:38.85°N 73.71194°E
9870:38.57556; 74.07222
9806:38.62833; 74.48472
9742:38.42833; 74.86722
9715:Qaratokhterak Pass
9710:Qaratokhterak Pass
9678:38.27694; 74.80111
9546:37.82115; 74.94492
9482:37.58944; 74.93611
9159:37.098°N 74.4848°E
8759:West Muztagh pass
8756:West Muztagh pass
8597:35.87318; 76.57692
8368:
8335:
8305:Borohoro Mountains
8203:
8181:after 2010 census.
8164:after 2010 census.
8151:after 2010 census.
8138:after 2010 census.
8113:after 2010 census.
8100:after 2010 census.
8087:after 2020 census.
8074:after 2010 census.
8061:after 2010 census.
8048:after 2020 census.
8035:after 2010 census.
8004:after 2010 census.
7983:Bortala Prefecture
7789:Kizilsu Prefecture
7744:Tacheng Prefecture
7718:Changji Prefecture
7628:Tacheng Prefecture
7603:Tacheng Prefecture
7577:Bortala Prefecture
7410:Changji Prefecture
7177:يېڭى يۇلتۇز شەھىرى
6849:Tacheng Prefecture
6150:Jinxiu Subdistrict
5963:Tacheng Prefecture
5865:Kashgar Prefecture
4887:in December 2021.
4768:includes the 2007
4666:Great Leap Forward
4609:
4556:Chinese Communists
4488:
4461:
4413:
4334:
4202:
4191:
4183:
4133:
4039:
3500:Panthay Rebellion
3279:
3207:
3199:
3135:Northern Silk Road
2931:were analyzed for
2901:
2641:Tang Protectorates
2349:
2341:
2273:formerly romanized
2194:era were known as
1746:Mongolian Cyrillic
967:Chinese government
613: • Total
500: • Total
461: • Total
29921:
29920:
29897:Chinese Turkestan
29845:
29844:
29666:Mongolian Plateau
29439:
29438:
29428:Republic of China
29395:Disputed province
29127:
29126:
29036:
29035:
28937:
28936:
28744:
28743:
28642:Payzawat / Jiashi
28543:
28542:
28539:
28538:
28349:
28348:
28303:Gaochang District
28275:Dushanzi District
28237:Toutunhe District
28217:Tianshan District
28178:Autonomous Region
28134:
28133:
28047:Chinese Turkestan
27820:2011 Hotan attack
27815:2010 Aksu bombing
27800:Shaoguan incident
27752:Xinjiang conflict
27707:Flaming Mountains
27597:Meshrep gathering
27516:Turpan Depression
27511:Taklamakan Desert
27495:Southern Xinjiang
27451:PRC incorporation
27417:Republic of China
27361:Dzungar–Qing Wars
27224:Kingdom of Khotan
27127:
27126:
27122:
27121:
26748:Media related to
26717:978-0-8047-2933-8
26677:978-3-447-02237-8
26636:978-1-4490-0604-4
26614:978-0-3133-7577-4
26606:978-0-3133-7580-4
26598:978-0-3133-7578-1
26590:978-0-3133-7576-7
26572:978-0-313-37576-7
26551:978-1-109-10126-3
26530:978-0-8047-6723-1
26447:(11): 1855–1873.
26408:Library resources
26392:978-0-8356-0891-6
26334:978-981-270-650-8
26313:978-0-465-02936-5
26292:978-981-270-650-8
26271:978-1-134-10623-3
26250:978-0-203-93226-1
26229:978-1-135-07875-1
26208:978-0-8135-3533-3
26155:978-90-04-25567-8
26122:978-1-58243-876-4
26101:978-0-7656-0510-8
26080:978-0-7656-1318-9
26059:978-0-7007-0380-7
26029:978-0-02-865850-6
26008:978-0-8108-7452-7
25966:978-0-231-10786-0
25922:978-0-230-34411-2
25901:978-0-313-36540-9
25880:978-81-7387-109-2
25848:978-0-8108-7984-3
25827:978-90-04-19445-8
25770:978-0-674-04202-5
25749:978-0-295-98030-0
25728:978-1-139-49141-9
25707:978-0-465-02207-6
25686:978-1-56324-724-8
25665:978-91-24-27287-6
25644:978-90-04-14550-4
25623:978-0-231-51164-3
25602:978-1-135-78583-3
25581:978-1-135-78437-9
25560:978-0-231-13924-3
25539:978-0-8047-2933-8
25510:978-1-340-54298-6
25375:978-0-454-00836-4
25343:978-1-4422-1277-0
25322:978-1-134-37286-7
25301:978-962-209-402-4
25280:978-0-295-80055-4
25221:978-0-203-40429-4
25200:978-1-84545-452-4
25177:978-0-404-10634-8
25170:. Little, Brown.
25145:978-1-136-17519-0
25124:978-0-8420-1704-6
25095:978-1-109-24323-9
25074:978-1-4392-2134-1
25055:978-0-19-726297-9
25034:978-0-7391-2094-1
25013:978-0-7391-4029-1
24992:978-90-04-12307-6
24971:978-0-521-49781-7
24923:978-0-521-25514-1
24891:978-0-521-21447-6
24870:978-0-8047-4684-7
24849:978-3-447-04091-4
24828:978-0-87332-779-4
24807:978-1-134-36096-3
24786:978-1-134-29054-3
24740:978-81-8274-325-0
24719:978-1-134-36222-6
24698:978-1-137-03701-5
24648:978-1-136-82706-8
24627:978-1-56324-782-8
24593:978-1-61530-134-8
24572:978-1-61530-182-9
24506:978-0-8420-1704-6
24474:Papers by Command
24328:978-0-231-51941-0
24307:978-9-004-16675-2
24278:978-0-7546-7041-4
24257:978-0-691-13589-2
24235:978-9-992-90038-3
24214:978-1-874267-40-9
24193:978-9-004-27043-5
24172:978-9-004-12952-8
24151:978-9-231-03876-1
23944:978-0-87332-320-8
23875:Baylor University
23750:978-7-105-05425-1
23737:2000年人口普查中国民族人口资料
23482:, pp. 51–52.
23454:978-90-247-2863-3
23226:on 5 August 2009.
23076:FarWestChina blog
22716:978-0-19-769659-0
22682:on 7 January 2009
22621:978-0-8047-9764-1
22587:on 6 October 2021
22456:978-0-9512512-8-7
22279:(10 March 2024).
22079:12–13 主要年份农作物播种面积
21877:978-0-8047-9764-1
21836:www.btdsys.gov.cn
21580:on 4 October 2013
21482:978-0-674-97044-1
21441:(in Indonesian).
21416:(in Indonesian).
21392:Pakistan Observer
21248:The Art Newspaper
21095:978-1-009-04898-9
20902:978-7-5623-0484-5
20785:978-7-5037-6659-6
20756:978-7-5037-9772-9
20727:978-7-5037-7130-9
20657:978-7-5037-6660-2
20339:Albert, Eleanor.
20264:Albert, Eleanor.
20114:on 29 August 2007
20084:. 6 November 2020
19817:on 4 October 2009
19760:Asia Times Online
19733:. 8 January 2007.
19568:978-0-8047-9764-1
19532:978-962-7160-01-4
19494:978-1-5036-3415-2
19457:978-0-295-75171-9
19369:, pp. 43–46.
19269:978-0-6740-4702-0
18682:978-0-521-65704-4
18653:978-0-674-03109-8
18628:978-0-521-21446-9
18603:978-0-521-12433-1
18477:978-0-7007-0439-2
18368:978-90-04-15830-6
18338:978-1-108-63540-0
18268:(7884): 256–261.
18190:978-1-934536-78-0
18150:978-1-78969-407-9
18039:(10): 2572–2582.
17808:978-1-932476-11-8
17744:978-7-5409-1744-9
17268:(25 March 2023).
17234:978-0-231-14554-1
17153:"新疆维吾尔自治区政府网（En）"
17093:978-1-4058-8117-3
16855:978-0-521-38755-2
16783:Aletai Prefecture
16527:Maralbexi (Bachu)
16456:Northern Xinjiang
16454:To the west, the
16441:a high-speed rail
16369:
16368:
16361:
16295:Zulfiya Abdiqadir
16265:Karakorum highway
16062:
16061:
15751:
15750:
15535:Khotan Prefecture
15367:Turpan Prefecture
15249:
15248:
14897:Turpan Prefecture
14872:The Qing began a
14853:and 0.54 percent
14764:comprise Tajiks,
14738:
14737:
14506:
14505:
14129:Sunday market in
14096:
14095:
14092:
13958:Xinjiang conflict
13937:Pakistan Observer
13914:The Art Newspaper
13909:satellite imagery
13739:ئابلەت ئابدۇرىشىت
13574:
13573:
13380:alpine permafrost
13268:Taklamakan Desert
13263:Dzoosotoyn Elisen
13254:Deserts include:
13041:
13040:
13037:
13036:
12750:40.64156; 76.6497
12046:40.3261; 75.82059
11854:40.63374; 75.5207
11600:40.27238; 74.6524
11472:40.21973; 74.5368
11152:40.11038; 74.1286
10768:39.9114; 73.91068
10704:39.8652; 73.89535
9929:38.53333°N 74.0°E
9284:37.28395; 74.7328
9258:Mihman Yoli Pass
8972:36.97374; 75.2973
8725:35.8234; 76.16249
8507:Turkistan La Pass
8387:Karakorum highway
8365:Taklamakan Desert
8293:
8292:
8285:
8199:Karakoram Highway
7990:
7989:
7250:2020 City proper
7223:
7222:
6781:K̂äxk̂är Vilayiti
6475:
6474:
5650:Gaochang District
5587:Tianshan District
4790:2011 Hotan attack
4766:Xinjiang conflict
4528:Battle of Kashgar
4465:Republic of China
4433:Republic of China
4384:commander of the
4252:epidemic. Writer
4143:, descendants of
4129:Dzungar–Qing Wars
3998:Kingdom of Khotan
3982:
3981:
3560:
3559:
3056:Kingdom of Khotan
2937:mitochondrial DNA
2871:Kingdom of Khotan
2857:
2856:
2805:Xinjiang conflict
2573:Kingdom of Khotan
2480:Turpan Depression
2476:Taklamakan Desert
2419:to the north and
2216:Anxi Protectorate
2135:, the historical
2129:
2128:
1915:
1914:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1807:
1735:
1734:
1664:
1542:Yale Romanization
1449:Standard Mandarin
1373:
1372:
1265:Yale Romanization
1153:Yale Romanization
1074:Standard Mandarin
944:autonomous region
928:Chinese Civil War
924:Republic of China
909:Chinese Turkestan
776:the countries of
746:autonomous region
740:, officially the
726:rendering support
706:
705:
508: • Rank
469: • Rank
389: • Body
383:Autonomous region
379: • Type
231:Flaming Mountains
64:Autonomous region
38:Chinese Turkestan
16:(Redirected from
29981:
29610:
29609:
29598:
29466:
29459:
29452:
29443:
29442:
29294:
29154:
29147:
29140:
29131:
29130:
29054:
29046:
28949:
28948:
28757:
28756:
28554:
28553:
28371:
28370:
28362:
28361:
28270:Karamay District
28205:
28204:
28161:
28154:
28147:
28138:
28137:
28122:
28121:
28110:
28109:
27531:Kunlun Mountains
27366:Dzungar genocide
27326:Chagatai Khanate
27289:Uyghur Khaganate
27229:Sixteen Kingdoms
27154:
27147:
27140:
27131:
27130:
27101:
27099:
27098:
27089:
27087:
27086:
27077:
27075:
27074:
27067:Gilgit-Baltistan
27065:
27063:
27062:
27051:
27050:
27034:
27033:
27026:
27025:
27015:
27013:
27012:
26999:
26997:
26996:
26983:
26981:
26980:
26971:
26970:
26969:
26960:
26959:
26958:
26949:
26948:
26947:
26936:
26935:
26922:
26920:
26919:
26910:
26908:
26907:
26898:
26896:
26895:
26886:
26884:
26883:
26873:
26871:
26870:
26861:
26859:
26858:
26848:
26846:
26845:
26838:Almaty Provinces
26830:
26816:
26809:
26802:
26793:
26792:
26773:
26759:
26747:
26733:
26721:
26701:
26691:
26681:
26661:
26659:
26657:
26584:
26555:
26534:
26510:
26508:
26497:
26487:
26485:
26474:
26464:
26396:
26375:
26338:
26317:
26296:
26275:
26254:
26233:
26212:
26191:
26185:
26176:
26171:. Archived from
26159:
26138:
26136:
26134:
26129:on 1 August 2020
26125:. Archived from
26115:. Counterpoint.
26105:
26084:
26063:
26042:
26033:
26012:
25991:
25970:
25949:
25938:
25936:
25934:
25929:on 29 April 2016
25925:. Archived from
25905:
25884:
25863:
25852:
25831:
25810:
25774:
25753:
25732:
25711:
25690:
25669:
25648:
25627:
25606:
25585:
25564:
25543:
25522:
25514:
25503:. Sagwan Press.
25493:
25487:
25479:
25467:
25461:
25453:
25441:
25435:
25427:
25415:
25404:
25402:
25400:
25391:. Archived from
25379:
25358:
25347:
25326:
25305:
25284:
25263:
25261:
25255:. Archived from
25238:
25225:
25204:
25181:
25160:
25159:. Brill Archive.
25149:
25128:
25107:
25078:
25059:
25038:
25017:
24996:
24975:
24954:
24952:
24950:
24944:
24937:
24927:
24906:
24895:
24874:
24853:
24832:
24811:
24790:
24769:
24767:
24765:
24756:. Archived from
24744:
24723:
24702:
24681:
24679:
24677:
24671:
24664:
24652:
24631:
24610:
24597:
24576:
24555:
24545:
24534:
24523:
24510:
24489:
24478:
24467:
24453:
24437:
24426:
24416:
24406:
24393:
24373:
24367:
24362:
24360:
24352:
24332:
24311:
24290:
24261:
24239:
24228:. Monsudar Pub.
24218:
24197:
24176:
24155:
24126:
24125:
24123:
24121:
24102:
24096:
24095:
24093:
24091:
24071:
24070:
24063:
24057:
24056:
24050:
24048:
24030:
24024:
24023:
24021:
24019:
24003:
23995:
23989:
23988:
23986:
23984:
23959:
23953:
23952:
23949:Internet Archive
23920:
23914:
23892:
23886:
23885:
23883:
23872:
23861:
23855:
23854:
23852:
23850:
23836:
23830:
23822:
23816:
23815:
23813:
23811:
23794:
23788:
23787:
23785:
23783:
23769:
23763:
23762:
23733:
23727:
23717:
23711:
23710:
23708:
23706:
23689:
23683:
23682:
23680:
23678:
23669:. Archived from
23658:
23652:
23651:
23649:
23647:
23638:. October 2001.
23624:
23618:
23612:
23606:
23600:
23594:
23588:
23582:
23576:
23567:
23561:
23555:
23545:
23539:
23538:
23536:
23534:
23528:
23520:East–West Center
23513:
23504:
23495:
23489:
23483:
23477:
23471:
23470:
23468:
23466:
23438:
23432:
23431:
23429:
23427:
23407:
23401:
23388:
23382:
23381:
23366:
23360:
23359:
23352:
23346:
23345:
23344:on 27 July 2013.
23340:. Archived from
23330:
23324:
23323:
23318:. Archived from
23306:
23300:
23299:
23298:on 19 June 2012.
23294:. Archived from
23282:
23276:
23275:
23270:. Archived from
23258:
23252:
23251:
23246:. Archived from
23234:
23228:
23227:
23222:. Archived from
23210:
23204:
23203:
23201:
23199:
23182:
23176:
23175:
23173:
23171:
23154:
23148:
23147:
23145:
23143:
23126:
23120:
23119:
23117:
23115:
23098:
23092:
23091:
23089:
23087:
23067:
23061:
23060:
23058:
23056:
23035:
23029:
23028:
23026:
23024:
23001:
22995:
22994:
22992:
22990:
22970:
22964:
22963:
22961:
22959:
22939:
22933:
22932:
22930:
22928:
22909:
22903:
22902:
22900:
22898:
22883:
22877:
22876:
22874:
22872:
22857:
22851:
22850:
22848:
22846:
22831:
22825:
22824:
22822:
22820:
22805:
22799:
22798:
22796:
22794:
22779:
22773:
22772:
22770:
22768:
22753:
22747:
22746:
22744:
22742:
22727:
22721:
22720:
22705:. New York, NY:
22698:
22692:
22691:
22689:
22687:
22672:
22666:
22665:
22663:
22661:
22640:
22634:
22633:
22603:
22597:
22596:
22594:
22592:
22583:. Archived from
22571:
22565:
22564:
22562:
22560:
22545:
22539:
22538:
22536:
22534:
22519:
22513:
22512:
22510:
22508:
22494:
22488:
22487:
22485:
22483:
22467:
22461:
22460:
22442:
22436:
22435:
22433:
22431:
22416:
22410:
22404:
22398:
22397:
22395:
22393:
22379:
22373:
22360:
22354:
22353:
22313:
22307:
22301:
22295:
22294:
22273:
22264:
22263:
22261:
22259:
22238:
22232:
22231:
22229:
22227:
22197:
22188:
22182:
22176:
22170:
22161:
22160:
22158:
22156:
22150:
22139:
22130:
22124:
22123:
22121:
22119:
22102:
22096:
22095:
22093:
22091:
22074:
22068:
22067:
22065:
22063:
22046:
22040:
22039:
22037:
22035:
22018:
22012:
22011:
22009:
22007:
21990:
21984:
21983:
21981:
21979:
21962:
21956:
21955:
21953:
21951:
21928:
21922:
21921:
21896:
21890:
21889:
21859:
21848:
21847:
21845:
21843:
21828:
21819:
21818:
21816:
21814:
21799:
21793:
21792:
21790:
21788:
21773:
21764:
21763:
21761:
21759:
21747:
21741:
21740:
21724:
21718:
21701:
21692:
21679:
21673:
21672:
21667:
21665:
21646:
21640:
21639:
21596:
21590:
21589:
21587:
21585:
21576:. Archived from
21560:
21554:
21536:
21530:
21517:
21511:
21500:East–West Center
21493:
21487:
21486:
21457:
21451:
21450:
21428:
21422:
21421:
21403:
21397:
21396:
21383:
21377:
21376:
21374:
21372:
21355:
21346:
21345:
21343:
21341:
21324:
21318:
21317:
21315:
21313:
21296:
21290:
21289:
21287:
21285:
21270:
21264:
21263:
21261:
21259:
21239:
21233:
21232:
21230:
21228:
21208:
21202:
21201:
21199:
21197:
21180:
21171:
21170:
21168:
21166:
21150:
21142:
21136:
21135:
21133:
21131:
21125:
21114:
21106:
21100:
21099:
21077:
21064:
21063:
21061:
21059:
21030:
21021:
21020:
21018:
21016:
21000:
20994:
20993:
20991:
20989:
20980:. Archived from
20967:
20961:
20960:
20958:
20956:
20930:
20924:
20923:
20918:. Archived from
20912:
20906:
20905:
20888:
20882:
20881:
20879:
20877:
20860:
20854:
20853:
20851:
20849:
20828:
20822:
20821:
20819:
20817:
20796:
20790:
20789:
20767:
20761:
20760:
20738:
20732:
20731:
20708:(August 2014).
20702:
20696:
20695:
20693:
20691:
20676:
20670:
20669:
20639:
20633:
20632:
20630:
20628:
20619:. Archived from
20603:
20599:
20593:
20592:
20590:
20588:
20567:
20561:
20560:
20558:
20556:
20541:
20535:
20534:
20528:
20526:
20509:
20503:
20502:
20480:
20474:
20473:
20460:
20454:
20453:
20440:
20434:
20433:
20417:
20411:
20410:
20392:
20386:
20385:
20383:
20381:
20373:Associated Press
20364:
20358:
20357:
20355:
20353:
20336:
20330:
20329:
20327:
20325:
20318:Voice of America
20310:
20304:
20303:
20292:
20283:
20282:
20280:
20278:
20261:
20255:
20254:
20248:
20246:
20224:
20218:
20217:
20215:
20213:
20194:
20188:
20187:
20185:
20183:
20171:Associated Press
20161:
20155:
20154:
20152:
20150:
20133:
20124:
20123:
20121:
20119:
20100:
20094:
20093:
20091:
20089:
20074:
20068:
20062:
20056:
20055:
20043:
20037:
20036:
20034:
20032:
20017:
20011:
20010:
20008:
20006:
19995:
19989:
19988:
19986:
19984:
19973:
19967:
19966:
19964:
19962:
19945:
19939:
19938:
19936:
19934:
19919:
19913:
19912:
19910:
19908:
19899:. Archived from
19889:
19883:
19882:
19880:
19878:
19861:
19855:
19854:
19852:
19850:
19833:
19827:
19826:
19824:
19822:
19813:. Archived from
19801:
19795:
19794:
19792:
19790:
19770:
19764:
19763:, 18 April 2008.
19741:
19735:
19734:
19723:
19717:
19716:
19707:
19692:
19684:Gunaratna, Rohan
19680:
19674:
19673:
19671:
19669:
19660:. Archived from
19647:
19641:
19638:Bovingdon (2010)
19635:
19629:
19623:
19617:
19611:
19605:
19599:
19593:
19587:
19581:
19580:
19550:
19541:
19540:
19537:Internet Archive
19505:
19499:
19498:
19468:
19462:
19461:
19439:
19430:
19420:
19414:
19404:
19398:
19388:
19382:
19376:
19370:
19367:Bovingdon (2010)
19364:
19358:
19357:
19355:
19353:
19314:
19308:
19307:
19305:
19303:
19280:
19274:
19273:
19255:
19249:
19248:
19233:. New York, NY:
19226:
19220:
19214:
19208:
19207:
19205:
19203:
19182:
19171:
19161:
19152:
19151:
19149:
19147:
19125:
19119:
19118:
19103:. Stanford, CA:
19096:
19090:
19080:
19074:
19073:
19071:
19069:
19064:on 20 April 2016
19052:
19046:
19036:
19030:
19024:
19018:
19015:
19009:
19008:
18997:
18991:
18990:
18988:
18986:
18971:
18965:
18962:
18956:
18946:
18940:
18930:
18924:
18914:
18908:
18898:
18892:
18882:
18876:
18866:
18860:
18850:
18844:
18837:
18831:
18821:
18815:
18809:
18803:
18797:
18791:
18790:
18788:
18786:
18768:
18762:
18761:
18753:
18747:
18737:
18731:
18721:
18715:
18705:
18699:
18693:
18687:
18686:
18664:
18658:
18657:
18639:
18633:
18632:
18614:
18608:
18607:
18589:
18583:
18582:
18560:
18545:
18544:
18542:
18540:
18520:
18514:
18513:
18488:
18482:
18481:
18469:
18459:
18453:
18438:
18432:
18431:
18413:
18403:
18379:
18373:
18372:
18354:
18348:
18342:
18322:
18316:
18315:
18301:
18253:
18247:
18246:
18236:
18226:
18202:
18196:
18194:
18174:
18168:
18162:
18156:
18154:
18134:
18128:
18127:
18113:
18082:Science Advances
18073:
18067:
18066:
18048:
18024:
18018:
18008:
18002:
17992:
17986:
17976:
17970:
17960:
17954:
17944:
17938:
17935:Bovingdon (2010)
17932:
17923:
17922:
17914:
17908:
17907:
17905:
17903:
17888:
17882:
17881:
17879:
17877:
17861:
17852:
17851:
17842:
17840:
17831:. Archived from
17819:
17813:
17812:
17796:
17787:Whitfield, Susan
17783:
17777:
17771:
17765:
17755:
17749:
17748:
17736:
17735:
17720:
17719:
17712:
17706:
17705:
17703:
17701:
17684:
17678:
17677:
17675:
17673:
17643:
17632:
17631:
17629:
17627:
17604:
17598:
17597:
17595:
17593:
17573:
17567:
17566:
17564:
17562:
17553:. Archived from
17542:
17536:
17535:
17513:
17507:
17506:
17485:Muslims in China
17479:
17473:
17472:
17463:
17457:
17456:
17451:
17449:
17433:
17427:
17426:
17424:
17422:
17401:
17395:
17394:
17377:
17366:
17365:
17363:
17361:
17333:
17324:
17323:
17321:
17319:
17304:
17298:
17297:
17291:
17283:
17281:
17279:
17262:
17256:
17254:
17205:
17199:
17198:
17196:
17194:
17179:
17173:
17172:
17170:
17168:
17159:. Archived from
17149:
17143:
17142:
17140:
17138:
17124:
17118:
17117:
17108:"Xinjiang Uygur"
17104:
17098:
17097:
17079:
17073:
17072:
17070:
17068:
17054:
17048:
17047:
17045:
17043:
17032:
17030:
17028:
17017:
17015:
17013:
16998:
16992:
16991:
16989:
16987:
16966:
16960:
16959:
16957:
16955:
16932:
16923:
16922:
16920:
16918:
16907:www.fmprc.gov.cn
16899:
16893:
16892:
16890:
16888:
16873:
16867:
16866:
16864:
16862:
16839:
16833:
16832:
16830:
16828:
16811:
16786:
16768:
16762:
16759:
16753:
16752:
16742:
16733:
16724:
16714:
16713:
16710:
16709:
16706:
16703:
16700:
16697:
16694:
16691:
16688:
16685:
16678:
16670:
16669:
16666:
16665:
16662:
16659:
16656:
16653:
16650:
16647:
16644:
16641:
16634:
16626:
16604:
16599:
16598:
16597:
16547:Shache (Yarkant)
16423:
16409:
16393:
16379:
16364:
16357:
16353:
16350:
16344:
16313:
16305:
16232:China League One
16172:. A minority of
16117:
16107:
16097:
16087:
15800:Crude death rate
15795:Crude birth rate
15777:
15776:
15773:Vital statistics
15766:
15759:
15621:Altay Prefecture
15388:Kumul Prefecture
15290:
15284:
15276:
15268:
15251:
15250:
14948:
14938:
14937:
14613:
14608:
14600:
14596:
14501:
14498:
14480:
14473:
14396:Dina-2 gas field
14167:
14163:
14155:
14143:
14140:1.774 trillion (
14090:
14026:
13931:Associated Press
13897:internment camps
13817:
13816:
13811:
13810:
13798:
13797:
13792:
13791:
13779:
13778:
13773:
13772:
13760:
13759:
13754:
13753:
13747:Ismail Tiliwaldi
13741:
13740:
13735:
13734:
13722:
13721:
13716:
13715:
13703:
13702:
13697:
13696:
13684:
13683:
13671:
13670:
13665:
13664:
13652:
13651:
13639:
13638:
13633:
13632:
13620:
13619:
13614:
13613:
13480:
13473:
13466:
13459:
13450:
13446:
13261:, also known as
13166:Rivers and lakes
13153:
13152:
13150:
13149:
13148:
13143:
13139:
13136:
13135:
13134:
13131:
13119:
13118:
13116:
13115:
13114:
13112:
13107:
13106:
13105:46.2800; 86.6700
13101:
13096:
13093:
13092:
13091:
13088:
13032:
13031:
13030:
13024:
13023:
13022:
13012:
13011:
13009:
13008:
13007:
13002:
12998:
12995:
12994:
12993:
12990:
12968:
12967:
12966:
12960:
12959:
12958:
12948:
12947:
12945:
12944:
12943:
12938:
12934:
12931:
12930:
12929:
12926:
12904:
12903:
12902:
12896:
12895:
12894:
12884:
12883:
12881:
12880:
12879:
12874:
12870:
12867:
12866:
12865:
12862:
12840:
12839:
12838:
12832:
12831:
12830:
12820:
12819:
12817:
12816:
12815:
12814:41.4114; 78.4131
12810:
12806:
12803:
12802:
12801:
12798:
12776:
12775:
12774:
12768:
12767:
12766:
12756:
12755:
12753:
12752:
12751:
12746:
12742:
12739:
12738:
12737:
12734:
12712:
12711:
12710:
12704:
12703:
12702:
12692:
12691:
12689:
12688:
12687:
12682:
12678:
12675:
12674:
12673:
12670:
12648:
12647:
12646:
12640:
12639:
12638:
12628:
12627:
12625:
12624:
12623:
12618:
12614:
12611:
12610:
12609:
12606:
12584:
12583:
12582:
12576:
12575:
12574:
12564:
12563:
12561:
12560:
12559:
12554:
12550:
12547:
12546:
12545:
12542:
12520:
12519:
12518:
12512:
12511:
12510:
12500:
12499:
12497:
12496:
12495:
12490:
12486:
12483:
12482:
12481:
12478:
12456:
12455:
12454:
12448:
12447:
12446:
12436:
12435:
12433:
12432:
12431:
12426:
12422:
12419:
12418:
12417:
12414:
12392:
12391:
12390:
12384:
12383:
12382:
12372:
12371:
12369:
12368:
12367:
12362:
12358:
12355:
12354:
12353:
12350:
12328:
12327:
12326:
12320:
12319:
12318:
12308:
12307:
12305:
12304:
12303:
12302:40.41093; 76.282
12298:
12294:
12291:
12290:
12289:
12286:
12264:
12263:
12262:
12256:
12255:
12254:
12244:
12243:
12241:
12240:
12239:
12234:
12230:
12227:
12226:
12225:
12222:
12200:
12199:
12198:
12192:
12191:
12190:
12180:
12179:
12177:
12176:
12175:
12170:
12166:
12163:
12162:
12161:
12158:
12136:
12135:
12134:
12128:
12127:
12126:
12116:
12115:
12113:
12112:
12111:
12106:
12102:
12099:
12098:
12097:
12094:
12072:
12071:
12070:
12064:
12063:
12062:
12052:
12051:
12049:
12048:
12047:
12042:
12038:
12035:
12034:
12033:
12030:
12008:
12007:
12006:
12000:
11999:
11998:
11988:
11987:
11985:
11984:
11983:
11978:
11974:
11971:
11970:
11969:
11966:
11944:
11943:
11942:
11936:
11935:
11934:
11924:
11923:
11921:
11920:
11919:
11914:
11910:
11907:
11906:
11905:
11902:
11880:
11879:
11878:
11872:
11871:
11870:
11860:
11859:
11857:
11856:
11855:
11850:
11846:
11843:
11842:
11841:
11838:
11816:
11815:
11814:
11808:
11807:
11806:
11796:
11795:
11793:
11792:
11791:
11790:40.5517; 75.3939
11786:
11782:
11779:
11778:
11777:
11774:
11752:
11751:
11750:
11744:
11743:
11742:
11732:
11731:
11729:
11728:
11727:
11722:
11718:
11715:
11714:
11713:
11710:
11690:
11689:
11688:
11682:
11681:
11680:
11670:
11669:
11667:
11666:
11665:
11660:
11656:
11653:
11652:
11651:
11648:
11637:Dzhetimashu Pass
11632:Dzhetimashu Pass
11626:
11625:
11624:
11618:
11617:
11616:
11606:
11605:
11603:
11602:
11601:
11596:
11592:
11589:
11588:
11587:
11584:
11562:
11561:
11560:
11554:
11553:
11552:
11542:
11541:
11539:
11538:
11537:
11532:
11528:
11525:
11524:
11523:
11520:
11509:Kalmak-Ashu Pass
11504:Kalmak-Ashu Pass
11498:
11497:
11496:
11490:
11489:
11488:
11478:
11477:
11475:
11474:
11473:
11468:
11464:
11461:
11460:
11459:
11456:
11434:
11433:
11432:
11426:
11425:
11424:
11414:
11413:
11411:
11410:
11409:
11404:
11400:
11397:
11396:
11395:
11392:
11370:
11369:
11368:
11362:
11361:
11360:
11350:
11349:
11347:
11346:
11345:
11344:40.1359; 74.4161
11340:
11336:
11333:
11332:
11331:
11328:
11306:
11305:
11304:
11298:
11297:
11296:
11286:
11285:
11283:
11282:
11281:
11276:
11272:
11269:
11268:
11267:
11264:
11242:
11241:
11240:
11234:
11233:
11232:
11222:
11221:
11219:
11218:
11217:
11216:40.1134; 74.2698
11212:
11208:
11205:
11204:
11203:
11200:
11178:
11177:
11176:
11170:
11169:
11168:
11158:
11157:
11155:
11154:
11153:
11148:
11144:
11141:
11140:
11139:
11136:
11114:
11113:
11112:
11106:
11105:
11104:
11094:
11093:
11091:
11090:
11089:
11084:
11080:
11077:
11076:
11075:
11072:
11050:
11049:
11048:
11042:
11041:
11040:
11030:
11029:
11027:
11026:
11025:
11024:40.0807; 74.0658
11020:
11016:
11013:
11012:
11011:
11008:
10986:
10985:
10984:
10978:
10977:
10976:
10966:
10965:
10963:
10962:
10961:
10956:
10952:
10949:
10948:
10947:
10944:
10922:
10921:
10920:
10914:
10913:
10912:
10902:
10901:
10899:
10898:
10897:
10892:
10888:
10885:
10884:
10883:
10880:
10858:
10857:
10856:
10850:
10849:
10848:
10838:
10837:
10835:
10834:
10833:
10828:
10824:
10821:
10820:
10819:
10816:
10794:
10793:
10792:
10786:
10785:
10784:
10774:
10773:
10771:
10770:
10769:
10764:
10760:
10757:
10756:
10755:
10752:
10730:
10729:
10728:
10722:
10721:
10720:
10710:
10709:
10707:
10706:
10705:
10700:
10696:
10693:
10692:
10691:
10688:
10666:
10665:
10664:
10658:
10657:
10656:
10646:
10645:
10643:
10642:
10641:
10640:39.7647; 73.8388
10636:
10632:
10629:
10628:
10627:
10624:
10602:
10601:
10600:
10594:
10593:
10592:
10582:
10581:
10579:
10578:
10577:
10572:
10568:
10565:
10564:
10563:
10560:
10538:
10537:
10536:
10530:
10529:
10528:
10518:
10517:
10515:
10514:
10513:
10508:
10504:
10501:
10500:
10499:
10496:
10474:
10473:
10472:
10466:
10465:
10464:
10454:
10453:
10451:
10450:
10449:
10444:
10440:
10437:
10436:
10435:
10432:
10421:Bezymyannyy Pass
10416:Bezymyannyy Pass
10410:
10409:
10408:
10402:
10401:
10400:
10390:
10389:
10387:
10386:
10385:
10380:
10376:
10373:
10372:
10371:
10368:
10346:
10345:
10344:
10338:
10337:
10336:
10326:
10325:
10323:
10322:
10321:
10320:39.7172; 73.9735
10316:
10312:
10309:
10308:
10307:
10304:
10280:
10279:
10278:
10272:
10271:
10270:
10260:
10259:
10257:
10256:
10255:
10250:
10246:
10243:
10242:
10241:
10238:
10216:
10215:
10214:
10208:
10207:
10206:
10196:
10195:
10193:
10192:
10191:
10186:
10182:
10179:
10178:
10177:
10174:
10152:
10151:
10150:
10144:
10143:
10142:
10132:
10131:
10129:
10128:
10127:
10122:
10118:
10115:
10114:
10113:
10110:
10088:
10087:
10086:
10080:
10079:
10078:
10068:
10067:
10065:
10064:
10063:
10058:
10054:
10051:
10050:
10049:
10046:
10024:
10023:
10022:
10016:
10015:
10014:
10004:
10003:
10001:
10000:
9999:
9994:
9990:
9987:
9986:
9985:
9982:
9960:
9959:
9958:
9952:
9951:
9950:
9940:
9939:
9937:
9936:
9935:
9930:
9926:
9923:
9922:
9921:
9918:
9896:
9895:
9894:
9888:
9887:
9886:
9876:
9875:
9873:
9872:
9871:
9866:
9862:
9859:
9858:
9857:
9854:
9832:
9831:
9830:
9824:
9823:
9822:
9812:
9811:
9809:
9808:
9807:
9802:
9798:
9795:
9794:
9793:
9790:
9768:
9767:
9766:
9760:
9759:
9758:
9748:
9747:
9745:
9744:
9743:
9738:
9734:
9731:
9730:
9729:
9726:
9704:
9703:
9702:
9696:
9695:
9694:
9684:
9683:
9681:
9680:
9679:
9674:
9670:
9667:
9666:
9665:
9662:
9640:
9639:
9638:
9632:
9631:
9630:
9620:
9619:
9617:
9616:
9615:
9614:38.1498; 74.8038
9610:
9606:
9603:
9602:
9601:
9598:
9572:
9571:
9570:
9564:
9563:
9562:
9552:
9551:
9549:
9548:
9547:
9542:
9538:
9535:
9534:
9533:
9530:
9508:
9507:
9506:
9500:
9499:
9498:
9488:
9487:
9485:
9484:
9483:
9478:
9474:
9471:
9470:
9469:
9466:
9442:
9441:
9440:
9434:
9433:
9432:
9422:
9421:
9419:
9418:
9417:
9412:
9408:
9405:
9404:
9403:
9400:
9374:
9373:
9372:
9366:
9365:
9364:
9354:
9353:
9351:
9350:
9349:
9348:37.2236; 74.8744
9344:
9340:
9337:
9336:
9335:
9332:
9310:
9309:
9308:
9302:
9301:
9300:
9290:
9289:
9287:
9286:
9285:
9280:
9276:
9273:
9272:
9271:
9268:
9250:
9249:
9248:
9242:
9241:
9240:
9230:
9229:
9227:
9226:
9225:
9224:37.2545; 74.6147
9220:
9216:
9213:
9212:
9211:
9208:
9198:Kara Jilga Pass
9195:Kara Jilga Pass
9190:
9189:
9188:
9182:
9181:
9180:
9170:
9169:
9167:
9166:
9165:
9160:
9156:
9153:
9152:
9151:
9148:
9126:
9125:
9124:
9118:
9117:
9116:
9106:
9105:
9103:
9102:
9101:
9100:37.0792; 74.6722
9096:
9092:
9089:
9088:
9087:
9084:
9062:
9061:
9060:
9054:
9053:
9052:
9042:
9041:
9039:
9038:
9037:
9036:37.0039; 74.8511
9032:
9028:
9025:
9024:
9023:
9020:
8998:
8997:
8996:
8990:
8989:
8988:
8978:
8977:
8975:
8974:
8973:
8968:
8964:
8961:
8960:
8959:
8956:
8934:
8933:
8932:
8926:
8925:
8924:
8914:
8913:
8911:
8910:
8909:
8904:
8900:
8897:
8896:
8895:
8892:
8874:
8873:
8872:
8866:
8865:
8864:
8854:
8853:
8851:
8850:
8849:
8844:
8840:
8837:
8836:
8835:
8832:
8810:
8809:
8808:
8802:
8801:
8800:
8791:
8790:
8788:
8787:
8786:
8785:35.8532; 76.1424
8781:
8777:
8774:
8773:
8772:
8769:
8751:
8750:
8749:
8743:
8742:
8741:
8731:
8730:
8728:
8727:
8726:
8721:
8717:
8714:
8713:
8712:
8709:
8698:Sarpo Laggo Pass
8693:Sarpo Laggo Pass
8687:
8686:
8685:
8679:
8678:
8677:
8667:
8666:
8664:
8663:
8662:
8657:
8653:
8650:
8649:
8648:
8645:
8623:
8622:
8621:
8615:
8614:
8613:
8603:
8602:
8600:
8599:
8598:
8593:
8589:
8586:
8585:
8584:
8581:
8559:
8558:
8557:
8551:
8550:
8549:
8540:
8539:
8537:
8536:
8535:
8530:
8526:
8523:
8522:
8521:
8518:
8496:
8495:
8494:
8488:
8487:
8486:
8476:
8475:
8473:
8472:
8471:
8466:
8462:
8459:
8458:
8457:
8454:
8417:
8416:
8408:
8407:
8351:eight-thousander
8301:Dzungarian Basin
8298:
8288:
8281:
8277:
8274:
8268:
8237:
8229:
8221:, respectively.
8215:Kunlun Mountains
8182:
8171:
8165:
8158:
8152:
8145:
8139:
8120:
8114:
8107:
8101:
8094:
8088:
8081:
8075:
8068:
8062:
8055:
8049:
8042:
8036:
8029:
8023:
8020:
8014:
8011:
8005:
7998:
7986:
7853:
7792:
7747:
7721:
7657:
7654:Altay Prefecture
7631:
7606:
7580:
7554:
7509:
7484:
7481:Hotan Prefecture
7458:
7455:Kashi Prefecture
7413:
7368:
7323:
7297:
7230:
7229:
7216:
7215:
7205:
7189:
7188:
7178:
7162:
7161:
7151:
7135:
7134:
7124:
7108:
7107:
7097:
7081:
7080:
7070:
7054:
7053:
7043:
7027:
7026:
7016:
7000:
6999:
6989:
6973:
6972:
6962:
6946:
6945:
6935:
6919:
6918:
6908:
6892:
6891:
6881:
6875:Altay Prefecture
6866:
6865:
6855:
6840:
6839:
6829:
6814:
6813:
6803:
6797:Hotan Prefecture
6788:
6787:
6777:
6771:Kashi Prefecture
6762:
6761:
6751:
6736:
6735:
6725:
6710:
6709:
6699:
6684:
6683:
6673:
6658:
6657:
6647:
6632:
6631:
6621:
6605:
6604:
6594:
6578:
6577:
6567:
6551:
6550:
6540:
6522:
6521:
6509:
6477:
6476:
6462:
6453:
5997:Altay Prefecture
5898:Hotan Prefecture
5619:Karamay District
5506:Population 2020
5487:
5485:
5469:
5464:
5462:
5457:
5450:
5448:
5438:
5429:
5425:
5417:
5413:
5405:
5401:
5393:
5389:
5381:
5377:
5369:
5365:
5357:
5353:
5345:
5341:
5333:
5329:
5321:
5317:
5309:
5305:
5297:
5293:
5285:
5277:
5270:
5263:
5256:
5249:
5242:
5235:
5228:
5221:
5214:
5207:
5200:
5189:
5178:
5167:
5156:
5145:
5134:
5123:
5112:
5101:
5100:
5090:
5079:
5070:
5061:
5060:
5050:
5049:
5039:
5038:
5028:
5027:
5017:
5016:
5006:
5005:
4995:
4994:
4984:
4977:
4976:
4963:
4962:
4782:Beijing Olympics
4747:public libraries
4745:Xinjiang has 81
4736:Auto-segregation
4662:collectivization
4568:Premier of China
4520:Aksu Prefectures
4424:
4423:
4262:, with no Oirat
4215:Dzungar genocide
4071:Chagatai Khanate
3974:
3967:
3960:
3948:China portal
3946:
3945:
3944:
3937:Islam portal
3935:
3934:
3933:
3543:
3519:
3511:
3503:
3443:
3442:
3429:
3420:
3414:
3405:
3404:
3377:Remnants of the
3362:(Karakhoja) and
3340:Uyghur Khaganate
3322:
3321:
3311:conquered in 649
3173:
3172:
3167:
3166:
3116:
3115:
3106:
3105:
3096:
3095:
2989:language isolate
2849:
2842:
2835:
2734:Dzungar genocide
2688:Chagatai Khanate
2670:Kingdom of Qocho
2660:Uyghur Khaganate
2561:Han Protectorate
2527:
2517:
2499:
2498:
2469:Gilgit-Baltistan
2354:Tibetan Buddhist
2270:
2269:
2264:
2263:
2254:
2253:
2240:
2239:
2223:
2222:
2203:
2202:
2185:
2184:
2168:
2167:
2149:Chagatai Khanate
2121:
2120:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2092:
2091:
2088:
2061:
2060:
2057:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2012:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1975:
1944:
1943:
1911:
1910:
1897:
1896:
1895:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1846:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1805:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1760:Mongolian script
1754:
1753:
1731:
1730:
1707:
1706:
1690:
1689:
1666:
1665:
1662:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1620:
1619:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1581:
1580:
1579:
1564:
1563:
1550:
1549:
1536:
1535:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1506:
1505:
1492:
1491:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1440:
1439:
1430:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1369:
1368:
1345:
1344:
1328:
1327:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1287:
1286:
1273:
1272:
1252:
1251:
1231:
1230:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1175:
1174:
1161:
1160:
1147:
1146:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1117:
1116:
1103:
1102:
1089:
1088:
1065:
1064:
1023:
1022:
1021:
997:
981:
980:
853:Dzungarian Basin
714:
713:
702:
696:
693:
688:
685:
683:
681:
670:
608:
584:
550:
545:
355:
347:
342:Prefecture-level
339:
325:
324:and largest city
304:
303:
301:
300:
299:
294:
290:
287:
286:
285:
282:
266:
202:
195:
184:
177:
166:
150:
144:
136:
128:
126:
118:
117:
111:
100:
93:
92:
86:
52:
51:
21:
29989:
29988:
29984:
29983:
29982:
29980:
29979:
29978:
29924:
29923:
29922:
29917:
29893:Western Regions
29886:Chinese Tartary
29876:Eurasian nomads
29841:
29798:against Dzungar
29784:
29765:against Mongols
29751:
29713:
29680:
29638:
29622:against Xiongnu
29605:Chinese empires
29599:
29590:
29482:Nomadic empires
29476:
29470:
29440:
29435:
29409:
29389:
29366:
29333:
29295:
29286:
29163:
29158:
29128:
29123:
29122:
29052:
29044:
29032:
28933:
28899:
28890:Ruoqiang County
28840:
28805:
28751:
28740:
28686:
28626:Kashgar / Kashi
28618:Kashgar / Kashi
28612:
28588:Baicheng County
28535:
28486:
28435:
28401:Huocheng County
28356:
28345:
28331:Yizhou District
28317:
28313:Shanshan County
28289:
28256:
28247:Midong District
28227:Xinshi District
28222:Saybag District
28194:
28180:
28165:
28135:
28130:
28098:
28020:
28006:Shirzat Bawudun
27961:Saifuddin Azizi
27894:
27775:Ghulja incident
27746:
27690:
27681:Cotton industry
27669:
27611:
27573:
27545:
27536:Pamir Mountains
27526:Altai Mountains
27457:
27351:Dzungar Khanate
27346:Yarkent Khanate
27178:
27164:
27158:
27128:
27123:
27105:
27096:
27094:
27084:
27082:
27081:
27072:
27070:
27060:
27058:
27035:
27010:
27008:
27003:
26994:
26992:
26987:
26978:
26976:
26967:
26965:
26956:
26954:
26945:
26943:
26917:
26915:
26905:
26903:
26893:
26891:
26881:
26879:
26868:
26866:
26856:
26854:
26843:
26841:
26834:East Kazakhstan
26823:
26820:
26740:
26724:
26718:
26704:
26694:
26684:
26678:
26664:
26655:
26653:
26630:. AuthorHouse.
26573:
26552:
26531:
26506:
26495:
26483:
26472:
26433:
26432:
26431:
26416:
26415:
26411:
26404:
26402:Further reading
26399:
26393:
26335:
26314:
26306:. Basic Books.
26293:
26272:
26251:
26230:
26209:
26175:on 5 July 2015.
26156:
26132:
26130:
26123:
26102:
26081:
26073:. M.E. Sharpe.
26060:
26030:
26009:
25967:
25932:
25930:
25923:
25902:
25881:
25849:
25828:
25771:
25750:
25729:
25708:
25687:
25679:. M.E. Sharpe.
25666:
25645:
25624:
25603:
25582:
25561:
25540:
25511:
25481:
25480:
25455:
25454:
25429:
25428:
25398:
25396:
25376:
25344:
25323:
25302:
25281:
25259:
25236:
25230:Lin, Hsiao-ting
25222:
25201:
25178:
25146:
25125:
25114:Islamic Culture
25096:
25075:
25056:
25035:
25014:
24993:
24972:
24948:
24946:
24945:on 9 March 2012
24942:
24935:
24924:
24916:. CUP Archive.
24892:
24871:
24850:
24829:
24808:
24787:
24763:
24761:
24741:
24720:
24699:
24675:
24673:
24669:
24662:
24649:
24628:
24620:. M.E. Sharpe.
24594:
24573:
24548:
24507:
24440:
24419:
24409:
24400:
24385:(33): 239–271,
24365:
24363:
24354:
24353:
24329:
24308:
24279:
24258:
24236:
24215:
24194:
24173:
24152:
24135:
24130:
24129:
24119:
24117:
24104:
24103:
24099:
24089:
24087:
24064:
24060:
24046:
24044:
24031:
24027:
24017:
24015:
24007:The Independent
23996:
23992:
23982:
23980:
23960:
23956:
23945:
23921:
23917:
23907:Wayback Machine
23893:
23889:
23881:
23870:
23862:
23858:
23848:
23846:
23838:
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23819:
23809:
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23690:
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23659:
23655:
23645:
23643:
23626:
23625:
23621:
23613:
23609:
23601:
23597:
23589:
23585:
23579:Millward (2007)
23577:
23570:
23564:Millward (2007)
23562:
23558:
23546:
23542:
23532:
23530:
23526:
23511:
23505:
23498:
23492:Millward (2007)
23490:
23486:
23478:
23474:
23464:
23462:
23455:
23439:
23435:
23425:
23423:
23408:
23404:
23398:Wayback Machine
23389:
23385:
23374:Mair, Victor H.
23367:
23363:
23354:
23353:
23349:
23332:
23331:
23327:
23312:
23308:
23307:
23303:
23288:
23284:
23283:
23279:
23274:on 10 May 2012.
23264:
23260:
23259:
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23240:
23236:
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23231:
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23211:
23207:
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23022:
23020:
23007:
23003:
23002:
22998:
22988:
22986:
22971:
22967:
22957:
22955:
22954:on 18 July 2010
22940:
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22910:
22906:
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22894:
22885:
22884:
22880:
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22854:
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22842:
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22807:
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22728:
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22717:
22699:
22695:
22685:
22683:
22674:
22673:
22669:
22659:
22657:
22642:
22641:
22637:
22622:
22614:. p. 179.
22604:
22600:
22590:
22588:
22573:
22572:
22568:
22558:
22556:
22546:
22542:
22532:
22530:
22529:. 31 March 2009
22521:
22520:
22516:
22506:
22504:
22496:
22495:
22491:
22481:
22479:
22468:
22464:
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22429:
22427:
22418:
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22413:
22405:
22401:
22391:
22389:
22381:
22380:
22376:
22371:Wayback Machine
22361:
22357:
22314:
22310:
22302:
22298:
22277:nl:Lode Vanoost
22274:
22267:
22257:
22255:
22240:
22239:
22235:
22225:
22223:
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22183:
22179:
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22099:
22089:
22087:
22080:
22076:
22075:
22071:
22061:
22059:
22047:
22043:
22033:
22031:
22019:
22015:
22005:
22003:
21991:
21987:
21977:
21975:
21972:Politico Europe
21963:
21959:
21949:
21947:
21942:. 5 July 2010.
21930:
21929:
21925:
21918:
21897:
21893:
21878:
21870:. p. 180.
21860:
21851:
21841:
21839:
21838:. 28 March 2023
21830:
21829:
21822:
21812:
21810:
21801:
21800:
21796:
21786:
21784:
21777:"National Data"
21775:
21774:
21767:
21757:
21755:
21750:
21748:
21744:
21725:
21721:
21715:Wayback Machine
21702:
21695:
21689:Wayback Machine
21680:
21676:
21663:
21661:
21648:
21647:
21643:
21611:(47): 329–348.
21597:
21593:
21583:
21581:
21562:
21561:
21557:
21547:Wayback Machine
21537:
21533:
21527:Wayback Machine
21518:
21514:
21508:Wayback Machine
21494:
21490:
21483:
21459:
21458:
21454:
21429:
21425:
21404:
21400:
21385:
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21380:
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21339:
21337:
21326:
21325:
21321:
21311:
21309:
21298:
21297:
21293:
21283:
21281:
21280:. 24 April 2013
21272:
21271:
21267:
21257:
21255:
21240:
21236:
21226:
21224:
21209:
21205:
21195:
21193:
21181:
21174:
21164:
21162:
21154:Financial Times
21143:
21139:
21129:
21127:
21123:
21112:
21108:
21107:
21103:
21096:
21078:
21067:
21057:
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20997:
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20834:
20830:
20829:
20825:
20815:
20813:
20798:
20797:
20793:
20786:
20773:
20772:中国2010年人口普查分县资料
20768:
20764:
20757:
20744:
20743:中国2020年人口普查分县资料
20739:
20735:
20728:
20711:
20703:
20699:
20689:
20687:
20678:
20677:
20673:
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20554:
20552:
20543:
20542:
20538:
20524:
20522:
20511:
20510:
20506:
20481:
20477:
20472:. 15 July 2022.
20462:
20461:
20457:
20442:
20441:
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20414:
20393:
20389:
20379:
20377:
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20337:
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20293:
20286:
20276:
20274:
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20258:
20244:
20242:
20226:
20225:
20221:
20211:
20209:
20204:. 16 May 2018.
20196:
20195:
20191:
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20179:
20162:
20158:
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20134:
20127:
20117:
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19958:
19947:
19946:
19942:
19932:
19930:
19929:. 30 April 2014
19921:
19920:
19916:
19906:
19904:
19903:on 3 March 2014
19891:
19890:
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19876:
19874:
19862:
19858:
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19834:
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19803:
19802:
19798:
19788:
19786:
19771:
19767:
19755:Wayback Machine
19742:
19738:
19725:
19724:
19720:
19712:Ghulja Incident
19705:
19690:
19681:
19677:
19667:
19665:
19648:
19644:
19636:
19632:
19624:
19620:
19612:
19608:
19600:
19596:
19588:
19584:
19569:
19561:. p. 227.
19551:
19544:
19533:
19509:Tiziano Terzani
19506:
19502:
19495:
19469:
19465:
19458:
19440:
19433:
19421:
19417:
19405:
19401:
19389:
19385:
19377:
19373:
19365:
19361:
19351:
19349:
19315:
19311:
19301:
19299:
19286:(8 July 2009).
19281:
19277:
19270:
19256:
19252:
19245:
19227:
19223:
19217:Millward (2007)
19215:
19211:
19201:
19199:
19184:
19183:
19174:
19162:
19155:
19145:
19143:
19126:
19122:
19115:
19097:
19093:
19083:Millward (2007)
19081:
19077:
19067:
19065:
19058:
19054:
19053:
19049:
19037:
19033:
19025:
19021:
19016:
19012:
18999:
18998:
18994:
18984:
18982:
18973:
18972:
18968:
18963:
18959:
18949:Millward (1998)
18947:
18943:
18933:Millward (2007)
18931:
18927:
18917:Millward (2007)
18915:
18911:
18901:Millward (1998)
18899:
18895:
18883:
18879:
18869:Millward (2007)
18867:
18863:
18851:
18847:
18838:
18834:
18822:
18818:
18812:Millward (2007)
18810:
18806:
18798:
18794:
18784:
18782:
18769:
18765:
18754:
18750:
18740:Millward (2007)
18738:
18734:
18724:Millward (2007)
18722:
18718:
18708:Millward (2007)
18706:
18702:
18694:
18690:
18683:
18665:
18661:
18654:
18640:
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17957:
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17873:
17862:
17855:
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17816:
17809:
17784:
17780:
17772:
17768:
17756:
17752:
17745:
17725:
17713:
17709:
17699:
17697:
17685:
17681:
17671:
17669:
17644:
17635:
17625:
17623:
17616:Radio Free Asia
17606:
17605:
17601:
17591:
17589:
17574:
17570:
17560:
17558:
17543:
17539:
17514:
17510:
17500:
17480:
17476:
17465:
17464:
17460:
17447:
17445:
17435:
17434:
17430:
17420:
17418:
17403:
17402:
17398:
17393:on 20 May 2011.
17379:
17378:
17369:
17359:
17357:
17351:
17339:
17335:
17334:
17327:
17317:
17315:
17306:
17305:
17301:
17285:
17284:
17277:
17275:
17263:
17259:
17235:
17206:
17202:
17192:
17190:
17183:"National Data"
17181:
17180:
17176:
17166:
17164:
17151:
17150:
17146:
17136:
17134:
17126:
17125:
17121:
17106:
17105:
17101:
17094:
17080:
17076:
17066:
17064:
17062:Global Data Lab
17056:
17055:
17051:
17041:
17039:
17034:
17026:
17024:
17019:
17011:
17009:
17002:"National Data"
17000:
16999:
16995:
16985:
16983:
16968:
16967:
16963:
16953:
16951:
16946:. 26 May 2003.
16934:
16933:
16926:
16916:
16914:
16913:on 13 June 2022
16901:
16900:
16896:
16886:
16884:
16875:
16874:
16870:
16860:
16858:
16856:
16840:
16836:
16826:
16824:
16817:
16813:
16812:
16805:
16800:
16795:
16790:
16789:
16773:is composed of
16769:
16765:
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16756:
16682:
16673:
16672:
16638:
16629:
16628:
16627:
16623:
16618:
16600:
16595:
16593:
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16433:
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16416:
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16400:
16399:
16394:
16386:
16385:
16380:
16365:
16354:
16348:
16345:
16330:
16314:
16303:
16258:
16253:
16216:
16152:According to a
16126:
16125:
16124:
16123:
16115:
16113:
16105:
16103:
16095:
16093:
16085:
16077:
16067:
15806:
15801:
15796:
15792:Natural change
15775:
15770:
15769:
15760:
15756:
15472:Aksu Prefecture
15451:Bayin'gholin AP
15288:
15282:
15274:
15266:
15255:
14946:
14827:Uyghur girl in
14762:Iranian peoples
14587:
14577:
14561:July 2009 riots
14550:newspaper. The
14511:
14502:
14496:
14493:
14486:needs expansion
14471:
14461:
14421:
14407:free trade zone
14403:
14398:
14392:Dabei gas field
14324:
14246:grown as well,
14235:
14205:, Zhejiang and
14193:reported that:
14177:western regions
14165:
14161:
14153:
14142:US$ 263 billion
14141:
14024:
13964:
13956:Main articles:
13954:
13890:, launched the
13879:has documented
13874:
13868:
13856:Main articles:
13854:
13834:
13825:
13701:ئىسمائىل ئەھمەد
13669:سەيپىدىن ئەزىزى
13658:Saifuddin Azizi
13637:سەيپىدىن ئەزىزى
13626:Saifuddin Azizi
13567:September 2021
13558:Assumed office
13445:
13428:
13422:
13402:
13394:Main articles:
13392:
13351:
13282:
13252:
13168:
13146:
13144:
13140:
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13132:
13129:
13127:
13125:
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12954:
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12863:
12860:
12858:
12856:
12855:
12836:
12834:
12828:
12826:
12813:
12811:
12807:
12804:
12799:
12796:
12794:
12792:
12791:
12772:
12770:
12764:
12762:
12749:
12747:
12743:
12740:
12735:
12732:
12730:
12728:
12727:
12708:
12706:
12700:
12698:
12685:
12683:
12679:
12676:
12671:
12668:
12666:
12664:
12663:
12644:
12642:
12636:
12634:
12621:
12619:
12615:
12612:
12607:
12604:
12602:
12600:
12599:
12580:
12578:
12572:
12570:
12557:
12555:
12551:
12548:
12543:
12540:
12538:
12536:
12535:
12516:
12514:
12508:
12506:
12493:
12491:
12487:
12484:
12479:
12476:
12474:
12472:
12471:
12452:
12450:
12444:
12442:
12429:
12427:
12423:
12420:
12415:
12412:
12410:
12408:
12407:
12388:
12386:
12380:
12378:
12365:
12363:
12359:
12356:
12351:
12348:
12346:
12344:
12343:
12324:
12322:
12316:
12314:
12301:
12299:
12295:
12292:
12287:
12284:
12282:
12280:
12279:
12260:
12258:
12252:
12250:
12237:
12235:
12231:
12228:
12223:
12220:
12218:
12216:
12215:
12196:
12194:
12188:
12186:
12173:
12171:
12167:
12164:
12159:
12156:
12154:
12152:
12151:
12147:Kurpe-Bel' Pass
12142:Kurpe-Bel' Pass
12132:
12130:
12124:
12122:
12109:
12107:
12103:
12100:
12095:
12092:
12090:
12088:
12087:
12068:
12066:
12060:
12058:
12045:
12043:
12039:
12036:
12031:
12028:
12026:
12024:
12023:
12004:
12002:
11996:
11994:
11981:
11979:
11975:
11972:
11967:
11964:
11962:
11960:
11959:
11940:
11938:
11932:
11930:
11917:
11915:
11911:
11908:
11903:
11900:
11898:
11896:
11895:
11876:
11874:
11868:
11866:
11853:
11851:
11847:
11844:
11839:
11836:
11834:
11832:
11831:
11812:
11810:
11804:
11802:
11789:
11787:
11783:
11780:
11775:
11772:
11770:
11768:
11767:
11748:
11746:
11740:
11738:
11725:
11723:
11719:
11716:
11711:
11708:
11706:
11704:
11703:
11686:
11684:
11678:
11676:
11663:
11661:
11657:
11654:
11649:
11646:
11644:
11642:
11641:
11622:
11620:
11614:
11612:
11599:
11597:
11593:
11590:
11585:
11582:
11580:
11578:
11577:
11558:
11556:
11550:
11548:
11535:
11533:
11529:
11526:
11521:
11518:
11516:
11514:
11513:
11494:
11492:
11486:
11484:
11471:
11469:
11465:
11462:
11457:
11454:
11452:
11450:
11449:
11430:
11428:
11422:
11420:
11407:
11405:
11401:
11398:
11393:
11390:
11388:
11386:
11385:
11366:
11364:
11358:
11356:
11343:
11341:
11337:
11334:
11329:
11326:
11324:
11322:
11321:
11302:
11300:
11294:
11292:
11279:
11277:
11273:
11270:
11265:
11262:
11260:
11258:
11257:
11238:
11236:
11230:
11228:
11215:
11213:
11209:
11206:
11201:
11198:
11196:
11194:
11193:
11174:
11172:
11166:
11164:
11151:
11149:
11145:
11142:
11137:
11134:
11132:
11130:
11129:
11110:
11108:
11102:
11100:
11087:
11085:
11081:
11078:
11073:
11070:
11068:
11066:
11065:
11046:
11044:
11038:
11036:
11023:
11021:
11017:
11014:
11009:
11006:
11004:
11002:
11001:
10982:
10980:
10974:
10972:
10959:
10957:
10953:
10950:
10945:
10942:
10940:
10938:
10937:
10918:
10916:
10910:
10908:
10895:
10893:
10889:
10886:
10881:
10878:
10876:
10874:
10873:
10869:Karachalsu Pass
10864:Karachalsu Pass
10854:
10852:
10846:
10844:
10831:
10829:
10825:
10822:
10817:
10814:
10812:
10810:
10809:
10790:
10788:
10782:
10780:
10767:
10765:
10761:
10758:
10753:
10750:
10748:
10746:
10745:
10726:
10724:
10718:
10716:
10703:
10701:
10697:
10694:
10689:
10686:
10684:
10682:
10681:
10662:
10660:
10654:
10652:
10639:
10637:
10633:
10630:
10625:
10622:
10620:
10618:
10617:
10598:
10596:
10590:
10588:
10575:
10573:
10569:
10566:
10561:
10558:
10556:
10554:
10553:
10534:
10532:
10526:
10524:
10511:
10509:
10505:
10502:
10497:
10494:
10492:
10490:
10489:
10470:
10468:
10462:
10460:
10447:
10445:
10441:
10438:
10433:
10430:
10428:
10426:
10425:
10406:
10404:
10398:
10396:
10383:
10381:
10377:
10374:
10369:
10366:
10364:
10362:
10361:
10342:
10340:
10334:
10332:
10319:
10317:
10313:
10310:
10305:
10302:
10300:
10298:
10297:
10286:
10276:
10274:
10268:
10266:
10253:
10251:
10247:
10244:
10239:
10236:
10234:
10232:
10231:
10212:
10210:
10204:
10202:
10189:
10187:
10183:
10180:
10175:
10172:
10170:
10168:
10167:
10148:
10146:
10140:
10138:
10125:
10123:
10119:
10116:
10111:
10108:
10106:
10104:
10103:
10084:
10082:
10076:
10074:
10062:38.85; 73.71194
10061:
10059:
10055:
10052:
10047:
10044:
10042:
10040:
10039:
10020:
10018:
10012:
10010:
9997:
9995:
9991:
9988:
9983:
9980:
9978:
9976:
9975:
9956:
9954:
9948:
9946:
9933:
9931:
9927:
9924:
9919:
9916:
9914:
9912:
9911:
9892:
9890:
9884:
9882:
9869:
9867:
9863:
9860:
9855:
9852:
9850:
9848:
9847:
9828:
9826:
9820:
9818:
9805:
9803:
9799:
9796:
9791:
9788:
9786:
9784:
9783:
9764:
9762:
9756:
9754:
9741:
9739:
9735:
9732:
9727:
9724:
9722:
9720:
9719:
9700:
9698:
9692:
9690:
9677:
9675:
9671:
9668:
9663:
9660:
9658:
9656:
9655:
9636:
9634:
9628:
9626:
9613:
9611:
9607:
9604:
9599:
9596:
9594:
9592:
9591:
9580:
9568:
9566:
9560:
9558:
9545:
9543:
9539:
9536:
9531:
9528:
9526:
9524:
9523:
9504:
9502:
9496:
9494:
9481:
9479:
9475:
9472:
9467:
9464:
9462:
9460:
9459:
9450:
9438:
9436:
9430:
9428:
9415:
9413:
9409:
9406:
9401:
9398:
9396:
9394:
9393:
9382:
9380:
9370:
9368:
9362:
9360:
9347:
9345:
9341:
9338:
9333:
9330:
9328:
9326:
9325:
9321:Tegermansu Pass
9306:
9304:
9298:
9296:
9283:
9281:
9277:
9274:
9269:
9266:
9264:
9262:
9261:
9246:
9244:
9238:
9236:
9223:
9221:
9217:
9214:
9209:
9206:
9204:
9202:
9201:
9186:
9184:
9178:
9176:
9164:37.098; 74.4848
9163:
9161:
9157:
9154:
9149:
9146:
9144:
9142:
9141:
9122:
9120:
9114:
9112:
9099:
9097:
9093:
9090:
9085:
9082:
9080:
9078:
9077:
9058:
9056:
9050:
9048:
9035:
9033:
9029:
9026:
9021:
9018:
9016:
9014:
9013:
8994:
8992:
8986:
8984:
8971:
8969:
8965:
8962:
8957:
8954:
8952:
8950:
8949:
8930:
8928:
8922:
8920:
8907:
8905:
8903:36.95°N 75.35°E
8901:
8898:
8893:
8890:
8888:
8886:
8885:
8870:
8868:
8862:
8860:
8847:
8845:
8841:
8838:
8833:
8830:
8828:
8826:
8825:
8806:
8804:
8798:
8796:
8784:
8782:
8778:
8775:
8770:
8767:
8765:
8763:
8762:
8747:
8745:
8739:
8737:
8724:
8722:
8718:
8715:
8710:
8707:
8705:
8703:
8702:
8683:
8681:
8675:
8673:
8660:
8658:
8654:
8651:
8646:
8643:
8641:
8639:
8638:
8619:
8617:
8611:
8609:
8596:
8594:
8590:
8587:
8582:
8579:
8577:
8575:
8574:
8555:
8553:
8547:
8545:
8533:
8531:
8527:
8524:
8519:
8516:
8514:
8512:
8511:
8492:
8490:
8484:
8482:
8469:
8467:
8463:
8460:
8455:
8452:
8450:
8448:
8447:
8403:
8401:Mountain passes
8339:Pamir Mountains
8327:Pamir Mountains
8289:
8278:
8272:
8269:
8254:
8238:
8227:
8219:Altai Mountains
8191:
8186:
8185:
8172:
8168:
8159:
8155:
8146:
8142:
8121:
8117:
8111:Huocheng County
8108:
8104:
8095:
8091:
8085:Yizhou District
8082:
8078:
8072:Huocheng County
8069:
8065:
8056:
8052:
8043:
8039:
8030:
8026:
8021:
8017:
8012:
8008:
7999:
7995:
7979:
7846:
7785:
7740:
7714:
7650:
7624:
7599:
7573:
7547:
7506:Aksu Prefecture
7502:
7477:
7451:
7406:
7365:Aksu Prefecture
7361:
7316:
7290:
7247:2010 Urban area
7244:2020 Urban area
7228:
7155:Huyanghê Xäĥiri
7128:Kurumkax XCĥiri
7123:قۇرۇمقاش شەھىرى
7074:K̂oxögüz Xäĥiri
7069:قوشئۆگۈز شەھىرى
7057:Tiĕménguān Shì
7042:باشئەگىم شەھىرى
6880:ئالتاي ۋىلايىتى
6776:قەشقەر ۋىلايىتى
6719:Aksu Prefecture
6571:K̂aramay Xäĥiri
6468:
6460:
6458:
6451:
5801:Aksu Prefecture
5682:Yizhou District
5490:
5489:
5488:
5479:
5477:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5460:
5458:
5453:
5451:
5446:
5443:XPCC / Bingtuan
5441:
5439:
5434:
5432:
5427:
5423:
5420:
5415:
5411:
5408:
5403:
5399:
5396:
5391:
5387:
5384:
5379:
5375:
5372:
5367:
5363:
5360:
5355:
5351:
5348:
5343:
5339:
5336:
5331:
5327:
5324:
5319:
5315:
5312:
5307:
5303:
5300:
5295:
5291:
5288:
5283:
5279:
5275:
5272:
5268:
5265:
5261:
5258:
5254:
5251:
5247:
5244:
5240:
5237:
5233:
5230:
5226:
5223:
5219:
5216:
5212:
5209:
5205:
5202:
5197:
5194:
5191:
5186:
5183:
5180:
5175:
5172:
5169:
5164:
5161:
5158:
5153:
5150:
5147:
5142:
5139:
5136:
5131:
5128:
5125:
5120:
5117:
5114:
5109:
5106:
5103:
5096:
5095:
5092:
5087:
5084:
5081:
5075:
5072:
5066:
5063:
5056:
5055:
5052:
5045:
5044:
5041:
5034:
5033:
5030:
5023:
5022:
5019:
5012:
5011:
5008:
5001:
5000:
4997:
4990:
4989:
4986:
4980:
4974:
4919:
4908:
4868:Shirzat Bawudun
4810:terrorist group
4601:
4591:
4571:Chiang Kai-shek
4546:after the 1937
4532:Abdullah Bughra
4492:Kumul Rebellion
4453:
4435:
4342:Dzungar Khanate
4324:
4318:
4300:. According to
4175:
4169:
4110:Dzungar Khanate
4106:nomadic empires
4016:
4010:Yarkent Khanate
4006:
3978:
3942:
3940:
3931:
3929:
3924:
3923:
3922:
3847:
3839:
3838:
3837:
3792:
3791:
3775:
3774:
3766:
3711:
3703:
3702:
3701:
3677:Yeheidie'erding
3571:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3541:
3517:
3509:
3501:
3495:Jahriyya revolt
3482:
3439:
3416:
3415:
3408:
3403:
3328:Anshi Rebellion
3295:Emperor Taizong
3180:Pamir Mountains
3133:Crossed by the
2969:Northeast Asian
2929:Xiaohe Cemetery
2909:Northeast Asian
2893:
2867:Western Regions
2863:
2853:
2824:
2823:
2771:Xinjiang clique
2760:
2752:
2751:
2744:Qing reconquest
2713:Dzungar Khanate
2636:
2628:
2627:
2565:Chief Officials
2555:Western Regions
2535:
2515:
2508:
2497:
2492:
2411:) to the east,
2409:Khovd Provinces
2333:
2312:Saifuddin Azizi
2288:Jinchuan County
2277:Guangxu Emperor
2171:Western Regions
2145:Chinese Tartary
2114:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2020:
2014:
2008:
1983:
1977:
1971:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1893:
1877:
1861:
1836:
1811:
1808:
1804:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1639:
1528:Tongyong Pinyin
1518:
1498:Gwoyeu Romatzyh
1490:
1462:
1428:
1408:
1390:
1139:Tongyong Pinyin
1129:
1109:Gwoyeu Romatzyh
1056:Literal meaning
1000:
979:
735:
734:
733:
724:Without proper
715:
711:
698:
697:
694:
678:
668:
641:
624:
619:1,913 billion (
606:
582:
576:
548:
547:
543:
542:
368:
366:
362:
353:
352:
345:
344:
337:
336:
323:
322:
297:
295:
291:
288:
283:
280:
278:
276:
275:
269:
257:
256:
255:
254:
253:
207:
206:
205:
204:
203:
196:
187:
186:
185:
178:
169:
168:
167:
134:
120:
119:
107:
94:
82:
66:
57:
50:
45:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
29987:
29977:
29976:
29971:
29966:
29961:
29956:
29951:
29946:
29941:
29936:
29919:
29918:
29916:
29915:
29910:
29905:
29900:
29890:
29889:
29888:
29878:
29873:
29872:
29871:
29861:
29853:
29851:
29850:Related topics
29847:
29846:
29843:
29842:
29840:
29839:
29834:
29829:
29824:
29819:
29818:
29817:
29807:
29806:
29805:
29794:
29792:
29786:
29785:
29783:
29782:
29777:
29772:
29770:against Turpan
29767:
29761:
29759:
29753:
29752:
29750:
29749:
29744:
29739:
29734:
29729:
29723:
29721:
29715:
29714:
29712:
29711:
29706:
29701:
29696:
29690:
29688:
29682:
29681:
29679:
29678:
29673:
29668:
29663:
29658:
29648:
29646:
29640:
29639:
29637:
29636:
29635:
29634:
29632:Chief Official
29624:
29618:
29616:
29607:
29601:
29600:
29593:
29591:
29589:
29588:
29583:
29578:
29577:
29576:
29575:
29574:
29564:
29559:
29549:
29544:
29539:
29534:
29529:
29528:
29527:
29522:
29517:
29512:
29502:
29497:
29492:
29486:
29484:
29478:
29477:
29475:history series
29469:
29468:
29461:
29454:
29446:
29437:
29436:
29414:
29411:
29410:
29408:
29407:
29399:
29397:
29391:
29390:
29388:
29387:
29382:
29376:
29374:
29368:
29367:
29365:
29364:
29359:
29354:
29349:
29343:
29341:
29335:
29334:
29332:
29331:
29326:
29321:
29316:
29314:Inner Mongolia
29311:
29305:
29303:
29297:
29296:
29289:
29287:
29285:
29284:
29279:
29274:
29269:
29264:
29259:
29254:
29249:
29244:
29239:
29234:
29229:
29224:
29219:
29214:
29209:
29204:
29199:
29194:
29189:
29184:
29179:
29173:
29171:
29165:
29164:
29157:
29156:
29149:
29142:
29134:
29125:
29124:
29121:
29120:
29115:
29110:
29105:
29100:
29095:
29090:
29085:
29080:
29075:
29070:
29065:
29060:
29055:
29049:
29048:
29047:
29041:
29038:
29037:
29034:
29033:
29031:
29030:
29024:
29018:
29012:
29006:
29000:
28994:
28988:
28982:
28976:
28970:
28964:
28957:
28955:
28946:
28939:
28938:
28935:
28934:
28932:
28931:
28926:
28924:Ulugqat County
28921:
28916:
28909:
28907:
28905:Kizilsu Kyrgyz
28901:
28900:
28898:
28897:
28892:
28887:
28882:
28877:
28872:
28867:
28862:
28857:
28850:
28848:
28842:
28841:
28839:
28838:
28836:Wenquan County
28833:
28828:
28822:
28815:
28813:
28811:Bortala Mongol
28807:
28806:
28804:
28803:
28798:
28793:
28788:
28783:
28778:
28772:
28765:
28763:
28754:
28746:
28745:
28742:
28741:
28739:
28738:
28733:
28728:
28723:
28718:
28713:
28708:
28703:
28696:
28694:
28692:Hotan / Hetian
28688:
28687:
28685:
28684:
28679:
28674:
28669:
28664:
28659:
28654:
28649:
28644:
28639:
28634:
28629:
28622:
28620:
28614:
28613:
28611:
28610:
28605:
28600:
28595:
28590:
28585:
28580:
28575:
28569:
28562:
28560:
28551:
28545:
28544:
28541:
28540:
28537:
28536:
28534:
28533:
28528:
28523:
28518:
28513:
28511:Jeminay County
28508:
28503:
28496:
28494:
28488:
28487:
28485:
28484:
28479:
28474:
28469:
28464:
28458:
28452:
28445:
28443:
28437:
28436:
28434:
28433:
28428:
28423:
28418:
28413:
28411:Xinyuan County
28408:
28406:Gongliu County
28403:
28398:
28393:
28387:
28381:
28374:
28368:
28359:
28355:Sub-provincial
28351:
28350:
28347:
28346:
28344:
28343:
28338:
28333:
28327:
28325:
28319:
28318:
28316:
28315:
28310:
28305:
28299:
28297:
28291:
28290:
28288:
28287:
28282:
28277:
28272:
28266:
28264:
28258:
28257:
28255:
28254:
28249:
28244:
28239:
28234:
28229:
28224:
28219:
28213:
28211:
28202:
28196:
28195:
28185:
28182:
28181:
28164:
28163:
28156:
28149:
28141:
28132:
28131:
28129:
28128:
28116:
28103:
28100:
28099:
28097:
28096:
28091:
28086:
28081:
28076:
28071:
28070:
28069:
28059:
28054:
28052:East Turkestan
28049:
28044:
28039:
28034:
28028:
28026:
28022:
28021:
28019:
28018:
28013:
28008:
28003:
27998:
27993:
27988:
27986:Zhang Chunxian
27983:
27978:
27973:
27968:
27963:
27958:
27953:
27951:Ehmetjan Qasim
27948:
27943:
27938:
27933:
27928:
27923:
27918:
27916:Jahangir Khoja
27913:
27908:
27902:
27900:
27896:
27895:
27893:
27892:
27887:
27882:
27877:
27872:
27867:
27862:
27857:
27852:
27847:
27842:
27837:
27832:
27827:
27822:
27817:
27812:
27807:
27802:
27797:
27792:
27787:
27782:
27777:
27772:
27767:
27765:Barin uprising
27762:
27756:
27754:
27748:
27747:
27745:
27744:
27739:
27734:
27729:
27724:
27719:
27714:
27709:
27704:
27698:
27696:
27692:
27691:
27689:
27688:
27683:
27677:
27675:
27671:
27670:
27668:
27667:
27662:
27657:
27652:
27647:
27642:
27637:
27632:
27627:
27621:
27619:
27613:
27612:
27610:
27609:
27604:
27599:
27594:
27589:
27587:Doppa Festival
27583:
27581:
27575:
27574:
27572:
27571:
27566:
27561:
27555:
27553:
27547:
27546:
27544:
27543:
27538:
27533:
27528:
27523:
27518:
27513:
27508:
27503:
27498:
27488:
27478:
27473:
27467:
27465:
27459:
27458:
27456:
27455:
27454:
27453:
27443:
27442:
27441:
27431:
27426:
27425:
27424:
27414:
27413:
27412:
27407:
27405:General of Ili
27402:
27401:
27400:
27390:
27385:
27375:
27370:
27369:
27368:
27363:
27358:
27348:
27343:
27341:Turpan Khanate
27338:
27333:
27328:
27323:
27318:
27313:
27308:
27307:
27306:
27296:
27291:
27286:
27284:Tibetan Empire
27281:
27280:
27279:
27274:
27273:
27272:
27257:
27236:
27231:
27226:
27221:
27220:
27219:
27214:
27204:
27199:
27194:
27188:
27186:
27180:
27179:
27169:
27166:
27165:
27157:
27156:
27149:
27142:
27134:
27125:
27124:
27120:
27119:
27114:
27109:
27055:
27054:
27052:
27045:
27042:
27041:
27036:
27021:
27019:
26940:
26939:
26937:
26930:
26927:
26926:
26877:
26863:Altai Republic
26852:
26828:
26825:
26824:
26819:
26818:
26811:
26804:
26796:
26790:
26789:
26778:
26767:
26753:
26739:
26738:External links
26736:
26735:
26734:
26722:
26716:
26702:
26692:
26682:
26676:
26662:
26638:
26624:
26617:
26571:
26556:
26550:
26535:
26529:
26514:
26511:
26488:
26465:
26430:
26429:
26424:
26418:
26417:
26406:
26405:
26403:
26400:
26398:
26397:
26391:
26376:
26339:
26333:
26318:
26312:
26297:
26291:
26276:
26270:
26255:
26249:
26234:
26228:
26213:
26207:
26192:
26177:
26160:
26154:
26139:
26121:
26106:
26100:
26085:
26079:
26064:
26058:
26043:
26041:. Vol. 3.
26034:
26028:
26013:
26007:
25992:
25979:
25965:
25950:
25939:
25921:
25906:
25900:
25885:
25879:
25864:
25853:
25847:
25832:
25826:
25811:
25775:
25769:
25754:
25748:
25733:
25727:
25712:
25706:
25691:
25685:
25670:
25664:
25649:
25643:
25628:
25622:
25607:
25601:
25586:
25580:
25565:
25559:
25544:
25538:
25523:
25509:
25494:
25472:Mesny, William
25468:
25446:Mesny, William
25442:
25420:Mesny, William
25416:
25405:
25395:on 13 May 2014
25380:
25374:
25359:
25348:
25342:
25327:
25321:
25306:
25300:
25285:
25279:
25264:
25226:
25220:
25205:
25199:
25182:
25176:
25161:
25150:
25144:
25129:
25123:
25108:
25094:
25079:
25073:
25060:
25054:
25039:
25033:
25018:
25012:
24997:
24991:
24976:
24970:
24955:
24928:
24922:
24907:
24896:
24890:
24875:
24869:
24854:
24848:
24833:
24827:
24812:
24806:
24791:
24785:
24770:
24745:
24739:
24724:
24718:
24703:
24697:
24682:
24672:on 6 July 2011
24653:
24647:
24632:
24626:
24611:
24598:
24592:
24577:
24571:
24556:
24546:
24535:
24524:
24511:
24505:
24490:
24479:
24468:
24457:
24448:. New Series.
24438:
24427:
24417:
24407:
24399:《跨世纪的中国人口：新疆卷》
24394:
24374:
24344:(2): 173–203,
24333:
24327:
24312:
24306:
24291:
24277:
24262:
24256:
24240:
24234:
24219:
24213:
24198:
24192:
24177:
24171:
24156:
24150:
24136:
24134:
24131:
24128:
24127:
24097:
24058:
24025:
23990:
23954:
23943:
23915:
23887:
23877:. p. 15.
23873:(PhD thesis).
23856:
23831:
23817:
23789:
23764:
23749:
23728:
23712:
23684:
23673:on 7 June 2021
23653:
23619:
23617:, p. 485.
23607:
23605:, p. 272.
23595:
23583:
23581:, p. 105.
23568:
23566:, p. 104.
23556:
23540:
23496:
23494:, p. 306.
23484:
23472:
23453:
23433:
23402:
23383:
23370:Mallory, J. P.
23361:
23358:. 12 May 2021.
23347:
23325:
23301:
23277:
23253:
23229:
23205:
23177:
23149:
23121:
23093:
23062:
23030:
22996:
22965:
22934:
22904:
22878:
22852:
22826:
22800:
22774:
22748:
22722:
22715:
22693:
22667:
22635:
22620:
22598:
22580:Yahoo! Finance
22566:
22540:
22514:
22489:
22462:
22455:
22437:
22426:. 19 June 2011
22411:
22409:, p. 386.
22399:
22374:
22355:
22308:
22296:
22286:DeWereldMorgen
22265:
22233:
22189:
22187:, p. 152.
22177:
22162:
22125:
22097:
22069:
22041:
22013:
21985:
21957:
21923:
21916:
21891:
21876:
21849:
21820:
21794:
21783:. 1 March 2022
21765:
21742:
21719:
21693:
21674:
21641:
21591:
21555:
21538:Rémi Castets.
21531:
21512:
21488:
21481:
21452:
21423:
21398:
21378:
21347:
21319:
21291:
21265:
21242:Movius, Lisa.
21234:
21203:
21190:The New Yorker
21172:
21137:
21101:
21094:
21065:
21022:
20995:
20962:
20925:
20907:
20901:
20883:
20855:
20823:
20805:Confluence.org
20791:
20784:
20762:
20755:
20733:
20726:
20697:
20686:. 14 June 2021
20671:
20656:
20634:
20623:on 12 May 2015
20594:
20562:
20536:
20518:Deutsche Welle
20504:
20475:
20469:Deutsche Welle
20455:
20435:
20412:
20387:
20376:. 7 April 2021
20359:
20331:
20320:. 7 April 2021
20305:
20302:on 5 May 2021.
20284:
20256:
20219:
20189:
20156:
20143:The New Yorker
20125:
20108:United Nations
20095:
20069:
20057:
20038:
20012:
19990:
19968:
19940:
19914:
19884:
19856:
19828:
19810:The Australian
19796:
19765:
19736:
19718:
19675:
19642:
19630:
19618:
19616:, p. 184.
19606:
19594:
19582:
19567:
19542:
19531:
19500:
19493:
19479:. p. 54.
19463:
19456:
19431:
19415:
19399:
19383:
19381:, p. 176.
19371:
19359:
19309:
19275:
19268:
19250:
19243:
19221:
19209:
19172:
19153:
19120:
19113:
19091:
19075:
19047:
19031:
19019:
19010:
19007:. 12 May 2023.
18992:
18977:(in Chinese).
18966:
18957:
18941:
18925:
18909:
18893:
18877:
18861:
18845:
18832:
18816:
18804:
18792:
18763:
18748:
18732:
18716:
18700:
18688:
18681:
18659:
18652:
18634:
18627:
18609:
18602:
18584:
18577:
18546:
18515:
18483:
18476:
18454:
18433:
18374:
18367:
18349:
18337:
18317:
18248:
18197:
18189:
18169:
18157:
18149:
18129:
18068:
18019:
18003:
17987:
17971:
17955:
17939:
17937:, p. 199.
17924:
17909:
17883:
17853:
17814:
17807:
17778:
17766:
17750:
17743:
17715:Gao, Erqiang (
17707:
17679:
17633:
17599:
17568:
17537:
17508:
17498:
17474:
17458:
17428:
17396:
17367:
17352:(in Chinese).
17344:People's Daily
17325:
17314:. 9 March 2022
17299:
17257:
17233:
17227:. p. 52.
17211:, ed. (2008).
17200:
17174:
17144:
17119:
17099:
17092:
17074:
17049:
16993:
16961:
16924:
16894:
16868:
16854:
16834:
16802:
16801:
16799:
16796:
16794:
16791:
16788:
16787:
16763:
16754:
16620:
16619:
16617:
16614:
16613:
16612:
16606:
16605:
16589:
16586:
16555:Moyu (Karakax)
16484:East China Sea
16437:a conventional
16425:
16418:
16417:
16411:
16404:
16403:
16402:
16395:
16388:
16387:
16381:
16374:
16373:
16372:
16371:
16370:
16367:
16366:
16317:
16315:
16308:
16302:
16299:
16257:
16254:
16252:
16251:Transportation
16249:
16215:
16212:
16178:Nizari Ismaili
16154:DeWereldMorgen
16114:
16104:
16094:
16084:
16080:
16079:
16078:
16071:Islam in China
16066:
16063:
16060:
16059:
16056:
16053:
16050:
16048:
16046:
16044:
16041:
16037:
16036:
16034:
16032:
16029:
16027:
16025:
16023:
16020:
16016:
16015:
16012:
16009:
16006:
16004:
16002:
16000:
15997:
15993:
15992:
15989:
15986:
15983:
15981:
15979:
15977:
15974:
15970:
15969:
15966:
15963:
15960:
15958:
15956:
15954:
15951:
15947:
15946:
15943:
15940:
15937:
15935:
15933:
15931:
15928:
15924:
15923:
15920:
15917:
15914:
15912:
15910:
15908:
15905:
15901:
15900:
15897:
15894:
15891:
15889:
15887:
15885:
15882:
15878:
15877:
15874:
15871:
15868:
15866:
15864:
15862:
15859:
15855:
15854:
15851:
15848:
15845:
15843:
15841:
15839:
15836:
15832:
15831:
15828:
15825:
15822:
15820:
15818:
15816:
15813:
15809:
15808:
15805:Natural change
15803:
15798:
15793:
15790:
15787:
15784:
15781:
15774:
15771:
15768:
15767:
15753:
15752:
15749:
15748:
15745:
15742:
15737:
15734:
15727:
15726:
15723:
15720:
15715:
15712:
15705:
15704:
15701:
15698:
15695:
15690:
15683:
15682:
15679:
15676:
15671:
15668:
15661:
15660:
15657:
15654:
15649:
15646:
15639:
15638:
15635:
15630:
15627:
15624:
15615:
15614:
15611:
15608:
15603:
15600:
15591:
15590:
15587:
15584:
15581:
15578:
15571:
15570:
15567:
15564:
15561:
15558:
15552:
15551:
15548:
15545:
15542:
15537:
15531:
15530:
15527:
15524:
15521:
15516:
15510:
15509:
15506:
15503:
15500:
15495:
15489:
15488:
15485:
15482:
15479:
15474:
15468:
15467:
15464:
15461:
15456:
15453:
15447:
15446:
15443:
15440:
15435:
15432:
15426:
15425:
15422:
15419:
15414:
15411:
15405:
15404:
15401:
15398:
15393:
15390:
15384:
15383:
15380:
15377:
15374:
15369:
15363:
15362:
15359:
15356:
15351:
15348:
15341:
15340:
15337:
15334:
15329:
15326:
15319:
15318:
15313:
15308:
15303:
15298:
15292:
15291:
15285:
15277:
15269:
15261:
15258:
15257:
15247:
15246:
15245:0.046 percent
15243:
15240:
15236:
15235:
15234:0.013 percent
15232:
15229:
15223:
15222:
15221:0.015 percent
15219:
15216:
15210:
15209:
15208:0.024 percent
15206:
15203:
15197:
15196:
15195:0.021 percent
15193:
15190:
15184:
15183:
15182:0.022 percent
15180:
15177:
15171:
15170:
15169:0.030 percent
15167:
15164:
15158:
15157:
15156:0.031 percent
15154:
15151:
15145:
15144:
15143:0.047 percent
15141:
15138:
15132:
15131:
15130:0.048 percent
15128:
15125:
15119:
15118:
15117:0.071 percent
15115:
15112:
15106:
15105:
15104:0.086 percent
15102:
15099:
15093:
15092:
15091:0.080 percent
15089:
15086:
15080:
15079:
15076:
15073:
15067:
15066:
15063:
15060:
15054:
15053:
15050:
15047:
15041:
15040:
15037:
15034:
15028:
15027:
15024:
15021:
15015:
15014:
15011:
15008:
15002:
15001:
14998:
14995:
14989:
14988:
14987:42.24 percent
14985:
14982:
14976:
14975:
14974:44.96 percent
14972:
14969:
14963:
14962:
14959:
14956:
14950:
14949:
14943:
14942:
14933:Ili Prefecture
14855:mortality rate
14750:Turkic peoples
14736:
14735:
14732:
14729:
14725:
14724:
14721:
14718:
14714:
14713:
14710:
14707:
14703:
14702:
14699:
14696:
14692:
14691:
14688:
14685:
14681:
14680:
14677:
14674:
14670:
14669:
14666:
14663:
14659:
14658:
14655:
14652:
14648:
14647:
14644:
14641:
14637:
14636:
14633:
14630:
14626:
14625:
14622:
14619:
14615:
14614:
14609:
14604:
14576:
14573:
14565:text messaging
14510:
14507:
14504:
14503:
14483:
14481:
14465:Uyghur cuisine
14460:
14457:
14456:
14455:
14452:
14449:
14446:
14432:
14431:
14428:
14425:
14420:
14417:
14402:
14399:
14323:
14320:
14234:
14231:
14199:municipalities
14183:In July 2010,
14162:US$ 52 billion
14158:CN¥350 billion
14150:per capita GDP
14094:
14093:
14087:
14086:
14083:
14079:
14078:
14075:
14071:
14070:
14067:
14063:
14062:
14059:
14055:
14054:
14051:
14047:
14046:
14043:
14039:
14038:
14035:
14031:
14030:
14023:
14020:
13984:East Turkestan
13953:
13950:
13853:
13850:
13842:redistributive
13833:
13830:
13824:
13821:
13820:
13819:
13815:ئەركىن تۇنىياز
13800:
13781:
13762:
13743:
13724:
13705:
13686:
13673:
13654:
13641:
13622:
13607:Burhan Shahidi
13591:
13590:
13572:
13571:
13568:
13565:
13562:
13561:December 2021
13559:
13555:
13554:
13551:
13548:
13545:
13542:
13538:
13537:
13532:
13527:
13522:
13517:
13513:
13512:
13503:
13498:
13493:
13486:
13482:
13481:
13474:
13467:
13460:
13453:
13444:
13441:
13421:
13418:
13391:
13388:
13350:
13347:
13346:
13345:
13340:
13335:
13330:
13325:
13320:
13315:
13310:
13305:
13300:
13281:
13278:
13277:
13276:
13270:
13265:
13251:
13248:
13167:
13164:
13065:
13062:
13045:
13042:
13039:
13038:
13035:
13034:
13016:
13013:
12981:
12976:
12970:
12969:
12952:
12949:
12917:
12912:
12906:
12905:
12888:
12885:
12853:
12851:Chonteren Pass
12848:
12846:Chonteren Pass
12842:
12841:
12824:
12821:
12789:
12784:
12778:
12777:
12760:
12757:
12725:
12723:Tuyukbel' Pass
12720:
12718:Tuyukbel' Pass
12714:
12713:
12696:
12693:
12661:
12659:Aksaybel' Pass
12656:
12654:Aksaybel' Pass
12650:
12649:
12632:
12629:
12597:
12592:
12586:
12585:
12568:
12565:
12533:
12528:
12522:
12521:
12504:
12501:
12469:
12464:
12458:
12457:
12440:
12437:
12405:
12400:
12394:
12393:
12376:
12373:
12341:
12336:
12330:
12329:
12312:
12309:
12277:
12275:Khodzhent Pass
12272:
12270:Khodzhent Pass
12266:
12265:
12248:
12245:
12213:
12208:
12202:
12201:
12184:
12181:
12149:
12144:
12138:
12137:
12120:
12117:
12085:
12080:
12074:
12073:
12056:
12053:
12021:
12016:
12010:
12009:
11992:
11989:
11957:
11955:Saryiymek Pass
11952:
11950:Saryiymek Pass
11946:
11945:
11928:
11925:
11893:
11888:
11882:
11881:
11864:
11861:
11829:
11824:
11818:
11817:
11800:
11797:
11765:
11760:
11754:
11753:
11736:
11733:
11701:
11696:
11692:
11691:
11674:
11671:
11639:
11634:
11628:
11627:
11610:
11607:
11575:
11570:
11564:
11563:
11546:
11543:
11511:
11506:
11500:
11499:
11482:
11479:
11447:
11442:
11436:
11435:
11418:
11415:
11383:
11381:Sulyuktur Pass
11378:
11376:Sulyuktur Pass
11372:
11371:
11354:
11351:
11319:
11314:
11308:
11307:
11290:
11287:
11255:
11250:
11244:
11243:
11226:
11223:
11191:
11189:Tart-Kul' Pass
11186:
11184:Tart-Kul' Pass
11180:
11179:
11162:
11159:
11127:
11122:
11116:
11115:
11098:
11095:
11063:
11058:
11052:
11051:
11034:
11031:
10999:
10997:Achiktash Pass
10994:
10992:Achiktash Pass
10988:
10987:
10970:
10967:
10935:
10930:
10924:
10923:
10906:
10903:
10871:
10866:
10860:
10859:
10842:
10839:
10807:
10805:Dungurama Pass
10802:
10800:Dungurama Pass
10796:
10795:
10778:
10775:
10743:
10738:
10732:
10731:
10714:
10711:
10679:
10677:Kara-Bel' Pass
10674:
10672:Kara-Bel' Pass
10668:
10667:
10650:
10647:
10615:
10610:
10604:
10603:
10586:
10583:
10551:
10546:
10540:
10539:
10522:
10519:
10487:
10482:
10476:
10475:
10458:
10455:
10423:
10418:
10412:
10411:
10394:
10391:
10359:
10354:
10348:
10347:
10330:
10327:
10295:
10290:
10282:
10281:
10264:
10261:
10229:
10224:
10218:
10217:
10200:
10197:
10165:
10160:
10154:
10153:
10136:
10133:
10101:
10096:
10090:
10089:
10072:
10069:
10037:
10032:
10026:
10025:
10008:
10005:
9973:
9968:
9962:
9961:
9944:
9941:
9934:38.53333; 74.0
9909:
9904:
9898:
9897:
9880:
9877:
9845:
9840:
9834:
9833:
9816:
9813:
9781:
9776:
9770:
9769:
9752:
9749:
9717:
9712:
9706:
9705:
9688:
9685:
9653:
9648:
9642:
9641:
9624:
9621:
9589:
9584:
9574:
9573:
9556:
9553:
9521:
9516:
9510:
9509:
9492:
9489:
9457:
9452:
9444:
9443:
9426:
9423:
9391:
9386:
9376:
9375:
9358:
9355:
9323:
9318:
9312:
9311:
9294:
9291:
9259:
9256:
9252:
9251:
9234:
9231:
9199:
9196:
9192:
9191:
9174:
9171:
9139:
9134:
9128:
9127:
9110:
9107:
9075:
9070:
9064:
9063:
9046:
9043:
9011:
9006:
9000:
8999:
8982:
8979:
8947:
8945:Mutsjliga Pass
8942:
8940:Mutsjliga Pass
8936:
8935:
8918:
8915:
8883:
8880:
8876:
8875:
8858:
8855:
8823:
8821:Khunjerab Pass
8818:
8812:
8811:
8794:
8792:
8760:
8757:
8753:
8752:
8735:
8732:
8700:
8695:
8689:
8688:
8671:
8668:
8636:
8631:
8625:
8624:
8607:
8604:
8572:
8567:
8561:
8560:
8543:
8541:
8509:
8504:
8498:
8497:
8480:
8477:
8445:
8443:Karakoram Pass
8440:
8434:
8433:
8430:
8427:
8424:
8423:Mountain Pass
8421:
8413:
8412:
8402:
8399:
8395:Khunjerab Pass
8385:(3752 m). The
8291:
8290:
8241:
8239:
8232:
8226:
8223:
8190:
8187:
8184:
8183:
8166:
8153:
8140:
8115:
8102:
8089:
8076:
8063:
8050:
8037:
8024:
8015:
8006:
7992:
7991:
7988:
7987:
7977:
7975:
7972:
7967:
7963:
7962:
7959:
7957:
7954:
7949:
7945:
7944:
7941:
7939:
7936:
7931:
7927:
7926:
7923:
7921:
7918:
7913:
7909:
7908:
7905:
7903:
7900:
7895:
7891:
7890:
7887:
7885:
7882:
7877:
7873:
7872:
7869:
7867:
7864:
7859:
7855:
7854:
7850:Ili Prefecture
7844:
7842:
7839:
7834:
7830:
7829:
7826:
7824:
7821:
7816:
7812:
7811:
7808:
7806:
7803:
7798:
7794:
7793:
7783:
7780:
7777:
7772:
7768:
7767:
7764:
7761:
7758:
7753:
7749:
7748:
7738:
7735:
7732:
7727:
7723:
7722:
7712:
7709:
7706:
7701:
7697:
7696:
7693:
7690:
7687:
7682:
7678:
7677:
7674:
7671:
7668:
7663:
7659:
7658:
7648:
7645:
7642:
7637:
7633:
7632:
7622:
7620:
7617:
7612:
7608:
7607:
7597:
7594:
7591:
7586:
7582:
7581:
7571:
7568:
7565:
7560:
7556:
7555:
7551:Ili Prefecture
7545:
7542:
7539:
7534:
7530:
7529:
7526:
7523:
7520:
7515:
7511:
7510:
7500:
7498:
7495:
7490:
7486:
7485:
7475:
7472:
7469:
7464:
7460:
7459:
7449:
7446:
7443:
7438:
7434:
7433:
7430:
7427:
7424:
7419:
7415:
7414:
7404:
7401:
7398:
7393:
7389:
7388:
7385:
7382:
7379:
7374:
7370:
7369:
7359:
7356:
7353:
7348:
7344:
7343:
7340:
7337:
7334:
7329:
7325:
7324:
7314:
7311:
7308:
7303:
7299:
7298:
7294:Ili Prefecture
7288:
7285:
7282:
7277:
7273:
7272:
7269:
7266:
7263:
7256:
7252:
7251:
7248:
7245:
7242:
7239:
7235:
7234:
7227:
7224:
7221:
7220:
7217:
7210:
7209:Bäyyang Xäĥiri
7207:
7201:
7194:
7193:
7190:
7183:
7180:
7174:
7167:
7166:
7163:
7156:
7153:
7150:خۇياڭخې شەھىرى
7147:
7140:
7139:
7136:
7129:
7126:
7120:
7113:
7112:
7109:
7102:
7101:Kökdala Xäĥiri
7099:
7096:كۆكدالا شەھىرى
7093:
7086:
7085:
7082:
7075:
7072:
7066:
7059:
7058:
7055:
7048:
7047:Baxägym Xäĥiri
7045:
7039:
7032:
7031:
7028:
7021:
7018:
7012:
7005:
7004:
7001:
6994:
6993:Vujyaqü Xäĥiri
6991:
6988:ۋۇجياچۈ شەھىرى
6985:
6978:
6977:
6976:Túmùshūkè Shì
6974:
6967:
6966:Tumxuk̂ Xäĥiri
6964:
6958:
6951:
6950:
6947:
6940:
6937:
6931:
6924:
6923:
6920:
6913:
6912:Xihänzä Xäĥiri
6910:
6907:شىخەنزە شەھىرى
6904:
6897:
6896:
6893:
6886:
6885:Altay Vilayiti
6883:
6877:
6871:
6870:
6867:
6860:
6857:
6851:
6845:
6844:
6841:
6834:
6831:
6825:
6819:
6818:
6815:
6808:
6807:Hotän Vilayiti
6805:
6802:خوتەن ۋىلايىتى
6799:
6793:
6792:
6789:
6782:
6779:
6773:
6767:
6766:
6763:
6756:
6753:
6747:
6741:
6740:
6737:
6730:
6729:Ak̂su Vilayiti
6727:
6724:ئاقسۇ ۋىلايىتى
6721:
6715:
6714:
6711:
6704:
6701:
6695:
6689:
6688:
6685:
6678:
6675:
6669:
6663:
6662:
6659:
6652:
6649:
6643:
6637:
6636:
6633:
6626:
6623:
6617:
6610:
6609:
6606:
6599:
6596:
6590:
6583:
6582:
6579:
6572:
6569:
6566:قاراماي شەھىرى
6563:
6556:
6555:
6552:
6545:
6542:
6539:ئۈرۈمچى شەھىرى
6536:
6529:
6528:
6523:
6516:
6511:
6505:
6499:
6498:
6495:
6492:
6489:
6486:
6482:
6481:
6473:
6472:
6459:
6450:
6447:
6446:
6443:
6441:
6439:
6437:
6432:
6430:
6428:
6422:
6418:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6410:
6408:
6400:
6398:
6396:
6390:
6386:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6378:
6376:
6368:
6365:
6362:
6356:
6352:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6344:
6342:
6334:
6331:
6328:
6322:
6318:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6302:
6299:
6293:
6289:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6273:
6270:
6264:
6260:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6252:
6250:
6247:
6244:
6241:
6235:
6231:
6230:
6227:
6225:
6223:
6221:
6212:
6209:
6206:
6200:
6196:
6195:
6192:
6190:
6188:
6186:
6179:
6176:
6173:
6167:
6163:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6155:
6153:
6146:
6143:
6140:
6134:
6130:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6122:
6120:
6113:
6110:
6107:
6101:
6097:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6089:
6087:
6080:
6077:
6074:
6068:
6064:
6063:
6060:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6052:
6050:
6042:
6039:
6036:
6031:
6027:
6026:
6023:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6006:
6003:
6000:
5994:
5990:
5989:
5986:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5972:
5969:
5966:
5960:
5956:
5955:
5952:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5938:
5935:
5932:
5927:
5923:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5906:
5903:
5900:
5895:
5891:
5890:
5887:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5873:
5870:
5867:
5862:
5858:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5841:
5838:
5835:
5830:
5826:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5809:
5806:
5803:
5798:
5794:
5793:
5790:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5776:
5773:
5770:
5765:
5761:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5744:
5741:
5738:
5733:
5729:
5728:
5725:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5711:
5708:
5705:
5700:
5696:
5695:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5679:
5676:
5673:
5667:
5663:
5662:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5652:
5647:
5644:
5641:
5635:
5631:
5630:
5628:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5616:
5613:
5610:
5604:
5600:
5599:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5589:
5584:
5581:
5578:
5572:
5568:
5567:
5564:
5561:
5558:
5555:
5549:
5546:
5543:
5540:
5536:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5514:
5513:
5510:
5507:
5504:
5501:
5498:
5492:
5491:
5466:
5452:
5433:
5421:
5409:
5397:
5385:
5373:
5361:
5349:
5337:
5325:
5313:
5301:
5289:
5280:
5273:
5266:
5259:
5252:
5245:
5238:
5231:
5224:
5217:
5210:
5203:
5192:
5181:
5170:
5159:
5148:
5137:
5126:
5115:
5104:
5093:
5082:
5073:
5064:
5053:
5042:
5031:
5020:
5009:
4998:
4987:
4978:
4971:
4968:
4967:
4907:
4904:
4836:Zhang Chunxian
4685:Chinese leader
4624:Burhan Shahidi
4590:
4587:
4500:White Russians
4434:
4431:
4386:Kokand Khanate
4320:Main article:
4317:
4314:
4290:Jahangir Khoja
4171:Main article:
4168:
4165:
4153:5th Dalai Lama
4069:vied with the
4050:conquered the
4014:Turpan Khanate
4005:
4002:
3986:Zoroastrianism
3980:
3979:
3977:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3926:
3925:
3921:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3849:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3841:
3840:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3719:
3713:
3712:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3692:Zhang Chengzhi
3689:
3684:
3682:Yusuf Ma Dexin
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3573:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3558:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3521:
3513:
3505:
3497:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3441:
3440:
3435:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3422:
3421:
3418:Islam in China
3402:
3399:
3266:Bactrian camel
3251:Northern Liang
3174:, near modern
3058:, the various
3046:in Turfan and
2917:Indo-Europeans
2859:Main article:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2817:
2802:
2791:
2786:
2785:
2784:
2778:
2773:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2741:
2736:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2691:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2655:Tibetan Empire
2652:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2536:
2534:Ancient period
2533:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2520:
2519:
2510:
2509:
2502:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2417:Altai Republic
2387:to the south,
2332:
2329:
2127:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2062:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1849:Transcriptions
1842:
1841:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1809:
1799:
1793:
1792:
1791:Transcriptions
1784:
1783:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1740:Mongolian name
1737:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1725:
1716:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1701:
1692:
1691:
1684:
1675:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1587:other Mandarin
1583:
1582:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1558:
1552:
1551:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1443:Transcriptions
1436:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1363:
1354:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1339:
1330:
1329:
1322:
1313:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1258:Yue: Cantonese
1254:
1253:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1198:other Mandarin
1194:
1193:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1068:Transcriptions
1061:
1060:
1059:"New Frontier"
1057:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1013:
1007:
1006:
1002:
1001:
998:
990:
989:
986:
985:
978:
975:
913:East Turkestan
865:Chinese Tajiks
716:
709:
708:
707:
704:
703:
700:Uyghur version
676:
672:
671:
661:
654:
653:
650:
644:
643:
634:
630:
629:
614:
610:
609:
600:
599:
589:lingua francas
585:
578:
577:
575:
574:
571:
565:
558:
556:
538:
537:
533:
532:
527:
523:
522:
519:
515:
514:
509:
505:
504:
501:
497:
496:
492:
491:
488:
484:
483:
480:
476:
475:
470:
466:
465:
462:
458:
457:
453:
452:
449:
448:Representation
441:
440:
435:
427:
426:
421:
417:
416:
411:
407:
406:
401:
394:
393:
390:
386:
385:
380:
376:
375:
371:
370:
364:14 prefectures
360:
358:Township-level
332:
331:
326:
318:
317:
312:
306:
305:
271:
270:
267:
259:
258:
252:
251:
242:
237:
228:
219:
212:
210:
209:
208:
197:
190:
189:
188:
179:
172:
171:
170:
161:
160:
159:
158:
157:
156:
153:
152:
137:
130:
129:
112:
103:
102:
87:
78:
77:
73:
72:
68:
67:
62:
59:
58:
55:
48:
34:East Turkestan
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
29986:
29975:
29974:Western China
29972:
29970:
29967:
29965:
29962:
29960:
29957:
29955:
29952:
29950:
29947:
29945:
29942:
29940:
29937:
29935:
29932:
29931:
29929:
29914:
29913:Greater China
29911:
29909:
29906:
29904:
29901:
29898:
29894:
29891:
29887:
29884:
29883:
29882:
29879:
29877:
29874:
29870:
29867:
29866:
29865:
29862:
29860:
29859:
29855:
29854:
29852:
29848:
29838:
29835:
29833:
29830:
29828:
29825:
29823:
29820:
29816:
29813:
29812:
29811:
29808:
29804:
29801:
29800:
29799:
29796:
29795:
29793:
29791:
29787:
29781:
29778:
29776:
29773:
29771:
29768:
29766:
29763:
29762:
29760:
29758:
29754:
29748:
29747:Northern Yuan
29745:
29743:
29740:
29738:
29735:
29733:
29730:
29728:
29725:
29724:
29722:
29720:
29716:
29710:
29707:
29705:
29702:
29700:
29699:Northern Liao
29697:
29695:
29692:
29691:
29689:
29687:
29683:
29677:
29674:
29672:
29669:
29667:
29664:
29662:
29661:against Tibet
29659:
29657:
29656:Eastern Turks
29653:
29650:
29649:
29647:
29645:
29641:
29633:
29630:
29629:
29628:
29625:
29623:
29620:
29619:
29617:
29615:
29611:
29608:
29606:
29602:
29597:
29587:
29584:
29582:
29579:
29573:
29570:
29569:
29568:
29567:Mongol Empire
29565:
29563:
29562:Khamag Mongol
29560:
29558:
29555:
29554:
29553:
29550:
29548:
29545:
29543:
29540:
29538:
29535:
29533:
29530:
29526:
29523:
29521:
29518:
29516:
29513:
29511:
29508:
29507:
29506:
29503:
29501:
29498:
29496:
29493:
29491:
29488:
29487:
29485:
29483:
29479:
29474:
29467:
29462:
29460:
29455:
29453:
29448:
29447:
29444:
29433:
29429:
29425:
29421:
29417:
29412:
29406:
29405:
29401:
29400:
29398:
29396:
29392:
29386:
29383:
29381:
29378:
29377:
29375:
29373:
29369:
29363:
29360:
29358:
29355:
29353:
29350:
29348:
29345:
29344:
29342:
29340:
29336:
29330:
29327:
29325:
29322:
29320:
29317:
29315:
29312:
29310:
29307:
29306:
29304:
29302:
29298:
29293:
29283:
29280:
29278:
29275:
29273:
29270:
29268:
29265:
29263:
29260:
29258:
29255:
29253:
29250:
29248:
29245:
29243:
29240:
29238:
29235:
29233:
29230:
29228:
29225:
29223:
29220:
29218:
29215:
29213:
29210:
29208:
29205:
29203:
29200:
29198:
29195:
29193:
29190:
29188:
29185:
29183:
29180:
29178:
29175:
29174:
29172:
29170:
29166:
29162:
29155:
29150:
29148:
29143:
29141:
29136:
29135:
29132:
29119:
29116:
29114:
29111:
29109:
29106:
29104:
29101:
29099:
29096:
29094:
29091:
29089:
29086:
29084:
29081:
29079:
29076:
29074:
29071:
29069:
29066:
29064:
29061:
29059:
29056:
29051:
29050:
29043:
29042:
29039:
29028:
29025:
29022:
29019:
29016:
29013:
29010:
29007:
29004:
29001:
28998:
28995:
28992:
28989:
28986:
28983:
28980:
28977:
28974:
28971:
28968:
28965:
28962:
28959:
28958:
28956:
28954:
28950:
28947:
28944:
28940:
28930:
28927:
28925:
28922:
28920:
28917:
28914:
28911:
28910:
28908:
28906:
28902:
28896:
28893:
28891:
28888:
28886:
28885:Luntai County
28883:
28881:
28878:
28876:
28873:
28871:
28868:
28866:
28863:
28861:
28860:Hejing County
28858:
28855:
28852:
28851:
28849:
28847:
28843:
28837:
28834:
28832:
28831:Jinghe County
28829:
28826:
28823:
28820:
28817:
28816:
28814:
28812:
28808:
28802:
28799:
28797:
28796:Hutubi County
28794:
28792:
28791:Jimsar County
28789:
28787:
28784:
28782:
28779:
28776:
28773:
28770:
28767:
28766:
28764:
28762:
28758:
28755:
28753:
28747:
28737:
28734:
28732:
28729:
28727:
28724:
28722:
28719:
28717:
28714:
28712:
28709:
28707:
28704:
28701:
28698:
28697:
28695:
28693:
28689:
28683:
28680:
28678:
28675:
28673:
28670:
28668:
28665:
28663:
28660:
28658:
28655:
28653:
28650:
28648:
28645:
28643:
28640:
28638:
28635:
28633:
28630:
28627:
28624:
28623:
28621:
28619:
28615:
28609:
28606:
28604:
28601:
28599:
28598:Kalpin County
28596:
28594:
28591:
28589:
28586:
28584:
28581:
28579:
28576:
28573:
28570:
28567:
28564:
28563:
28561:
28559:
28555:
28552:
28550:
28546:
28532:
28531:Habahe County
28529:
28527:
28524:
28522:
28521:Burqin County
28519:
28517:
28514:
28512:
28509:
28507:
28506:Qinghe County
28504:
28501:
28498:
28497:
28495:
28493:
28489:
28483:
28480:
28478:
28475:
28473:
28470:
28468:
28465:
28462:
28459:
28456:
28453:
28450:
28447:
28446:
28444:
28442:
28438:
28432:
28429:
28427:
28424:
28422:
28419:
28417:
28416:Zhaosu County
28414:
28412:
28409:
28407:
28404:
28402:
28399:
28397:
28396:Yining County
28394:
28391:
28388:
28385:
28382:
28379:
28376:
28375:
28372:
28369:
28367:
28363:
28360:
28358:
28352:
28342:
28339:
28337:
28334:
28332:
28329:
28328:
28326:
28324:
28320:
28314:
28311:
28309:
28308:Toksun County
28306:
28304:
28301:
28300:
28298:
28296:
28292:
28286:
28285:Orku District
28283:
28281:
28278:
28276:
28273:
28271:
28268:
28267:
28265:
28263:
28259:
28253:
28252:Ürümqi County
28250:
28248:
28245:
28243:
28240:
28238:
28235:
28233:
28230:
28228:
28225:
28223:
28220:
28218:
28215:
28214:
28212:
28210:
28206:
28203:
28201:
28197:
28192:
28188:
28183:
28179:
28176:
28173:
28169:
28162:
28157:
28155:
28150:
28148:
28143:
28142:
28139:
28127:
28126:
28117:
28115:
28114:
28105:
28104:
28101:
28095:
28092:
28090:
28087:
28085:
28082:
28080:
28077:
28075:
28072:
28068:
28065:
28064:
28063:
28060:
28058:
28055:
28053:
28050:
28048:
28045:
28043:
28040:
28038:
28035:
28033:
28032:Uyghur people
28030:
28029:
28027:
28023:
28017:
28014:
28012:
28009:
28007:
28004:
28002:
27999:
27997:
27996:Salih Hudayar
27994:
27992:
27989:
27987:
27984:
27982:
27979:
27977:
27974:
27972:
27969:
27967:
27966:Rebiya Kadeer
27964:
27962:
27959:
27957:
27954:
27952:
27949:
27947:
27944:
27942:
27941:Sabit Damolla
27939:
27937:
27934:
27932:
27929:
27927:
27924:
27922:
27919:
27917:
27914:
27912:
27909:
27907:
27904:
27903:
27901:
27897:
27891:
27888:
27886:
27883:
27881:
27878:
27876:
27873:
27871:
27868:
27866:
27863:
27861:
27858:
27856:
27853:
27851:
27848:
27846:
27843:
27841:
27838:
27836:
27833:
27831:
27828:
27826:
27823:
27821:
27818:
27816:
27813:
27811:
27808:
27806:
27803:
27801:
27798:
27796:
27793:
27791:
27788:
27786:
27783:
27781:
27778:
27776:
27773:
27771:
27768:
27766:
27763:
27761:
27758:
27757:
27755:
27753:
27749:
27743:
27740:
27738:
27735:
27733:
27730:
27728:
27727:Id Kah Mosque
27725:
27723:
27720:
27718:
27715:
27713:
27710:
27708:
27705:
27703:
27700:
27699:
27697:
27693:
27687:
27684:
27682:
27679:
27678:
27676:
27672:
27666:
27663:
27661:
27658:
27656:
27653:
27651:
27648:
27646:
27643:
27641:
27638:
27636:
27633:
27631:
27628:
27626:
27623:
27622:
27620:
27618:
27614:
27608:
27605:
27603:
27600:
27598:
27595:
27593:
27590:
27588:
27585:
27584:
27582:
27580:
27576:
27570:
27567:
27565:
27562:
27560:
27557:
27556:
27554:
27552:
27548:
27542:
27539:
27537:
27534:
27532:
27529:
27527:
27524:
27522:
27519:
27517:
27514:
27512:
27509:
27507:
27506:Kumtag Desert
27504:
27502:
27499:
27496:
27492:
27489:
27486:
27482:
27481:Junggar Basin
27479:
27477:
27474:
27472:
27469:
27468:
27466:
27464:
27460:
27452:
27449:
27448:
27447:
27444:
27440:
27439:Ili Rebellion
27437:
27436:
27435:
27432:
27430:
27427:
27423:
27422:Xinjiang Wars
27420:
27419:
27418:
27415:
27411:
27408:
27406:
27403:
27399:
27396:
27395:
27394:
27391:
27389:
27386:
27384:
27381:
27380:
27379:
27376:
27374:
27373:Kumul Khanate
27371:
27367:
27364:
27362:
27359:
27357:
27354:
27353:
27352:
27349:
27347:
27344:
27342:
27339:
27337:
27334:
27332:
27329:
27327:
27324:
27322:
27319:
27317:
27316:Mongol Empire
27314:
27312:
27309:
27305:
27302:
27301:
27300:
27297:
27295:
27292:
27290:
27287:
27285:
27282:
27278:
27275:
27271:
27268:
27267:
27266:
27263:
27262:
27261:
27258:
27256:
27252:
27248:
27244:
27240:
27237:
27235:
27232:
27230:
27227:
27225:
27222:
27218:
27215:
27213:
27210:
27209:
27208:
27205:
27203:
27200:
27198:
27195:
27193:
27190:
27189:
27187:
27185:
27181:
27176:
27172:
27167:
27162:
27155:
27150:
27148:
27143:
27141:
27136:
27135:
27132:
27118:
27115:
27113:
27110:
27108:
27104:
27092:
27080:
27068:
27057:
27056:
27053:
27046:
27044:
27043:
27040:
27037:
27029:
27020:
27018:
27006:
27002:
26990:
26986:
26974:
26963:
26952:
26942:
26941:
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26803:
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26782:
26779:
26776:
26772:
26768:
26766:at Wiktionary
26765:
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26315:
26309:
26305:
26304:
26298:
26294:
26288:
26284:
26283:
26277:
26273:
26267:
26264:. Routledge.
26263:
26262:
26256:
26252:
26246:
26242:
26241:
26235:
26231:
26225:
26222:. Routledge.
26221:
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26210:
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26200:
26199:
26193:
26189:
26184:
26178:
26174:
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25976:0-231-10787-0
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25640:
25636:
25635:
25629:
25625:
25619:
25615:
25614:
25608:
25604:
25598:
25595:. Routledge.
25594:
25593:
25587:
25583:
25577:
25574:. Routledge.
25573:
25572:
25566:
25562:
25556:
25552:
25551:
25545:
25541:
25535:
25531:
25530:
25524:
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25491:
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25413:
25412:
25406:
25394:
25390:
25386:
25381:
25377:
25371:
25367:
25366:
25365:The Silk Road
25360:
25356:
25355:
25349:
25345:
25339:
25335:
25334:
25328:
25324:
25318:
25315:. Routledge.
25314:
25313:
25307:
25303:
25297:
25293:
25292:
25286:
25282:
25276:
25272:
25271:
25265:
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25188:
25183:
25179:
25173:
25169:
25168:
25162:
25158:
25157:
25151:
25147:
25141:
25138:. Routledge.
25137:
25136:
25130:
25126:
25120:
25116:
25115:
25109:
25105:
25101:
25097:
25091:
25087:
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24845:
24841:
24840:
24834:
24830:
24824:
24820:
24819:
24813:
24809:
24803:
24800:. Routledge.
24799:
24798:
24792:
24788:
24782:
24779:. Routledge.
24778:
24777:
24771:
24759:
24755:
24751:
24746:
24742:
24736:
24732:
24731:
24725:
24721:
24715:
24712:. Routledge.
24711:
24710:
24704:
24700:
24694:
24690:
24689:
24683:
24668:
24661:
24660:
24654:
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24110:news.hebei.cm
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23898:. JISMOR, 8.
23897:
23894:Min Junqing.
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23876:
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23599:
23593:, p. 52.
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22474:. Power Mag.
22473:
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22388:
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22359:
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22319:
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22306:, p. 37.
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21465:Uyghur Nation
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21039:The Economist
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20546:
20545:"中国统计年鉴—2018"
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19957:. 22 May 2014
19956:
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19704:
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19640:, p. 11.
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19424:
19423:Howell (2009)
19419:
19412:
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19348:
19344:
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19313:
19297:
19293:
19292:Axis of Logic
19289:
19285:
19279:
19271:
19265:
19261:
19254:
19246:
19244:9780231204477
19240:
19236:
19232:
19225:
19219:, p. 24.
19218:
19213:
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19187:
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19169:1-57607-516-8
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18906:
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18897:
18890:
18886:
18885:Martin (1847)
18881:
18874:
18870:
18865:
18858:
18854:
18849:
18842:
18836:
18829:
18825:
18820:
18814:, p. 98.
18813:
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18578:9789087284411
18574:
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18450:2-87772-337-2
18447:
18443:
18437:
18429:
18425:
18421:
18417:
18412:
18407:
18402:
18397:
18394:(1): 72–121.
18393:
18389:
18385:
18378:
18370:
18364:
18360:
18353:
18346:
18340:
18334:
18330:
18329:
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18314:
18309:
18305:
18300:
18295:
18291:
18287:
18283:
18279:
18275:
18271:
18267:
18263:
18259:
18252:
18244:
18240:
18235:
18230:
18225:
18220:
18216:
18212:
18208:
18201:
18192:
18186:
18182:
18181:
18180:Globalization
18173:
18166:
18161:
18152:
18146:
18142:
18141:
18133:
18126:
18121:
18117:
18112:
18107:
18103:
18099:
18095:
18091:
18087:
18083:
18079:
18072:
18064:
18060:
18056:
18052:
18047:
18042:
18038:
18034:
18030:
18023:
18016:
18012:
18007:
18000:
17996:
17991:
17984:
17980:
17975:
17968:
17964:
17959:
17952:
17948:
17943:
17936:
17931:
17929:
17920:
17913:
17897:
17893:
17887:
17871:
17867:
17860:
17858:
17850:
17848:
17834:
17830:
17829:
17824:
17818:
17810:
17804:
17800:
17795:
17794:
17788:
17782:
17775:
17770:
17763:
17759:
17754:
17746:
17740:
17730:
17726:
17711:
17696:
17695:
17690:
17683:
17667:
17663:
17659:
17655:
17654:
17649:
17642:
17640:
17638:
17621:
17617:
17613:
17609:
17603:
17587:
17583:
17579:
17572:
17556:
17552:
17551:Asia Sentinel
17548:
17541:
17534:
17529:
17525:
17521:
17520:
17512:
17505:
17501:
17499:1-59084-880-2
17495:
17491:
17487:
17486:
17478:
17470:
17469:
17462:
17455:
17444:
17443:
17438:
17432:
17416:
17412:
17411:
17406:
17400:
17392:
17388:
17387:
17382:
17376:
17374:
17372:
17355:
17350:
17346:
17345:
17340:
17332:
17330:
17313:
17309:
17303:
17295:
17289:
17273:
17272:
17267:
17266:Alastair Lamb
17261:
17252:
17248:
17244:
17240:
17236:
17230:
17226:
17222:
17218:
17214:
17210:
17209:Saul B. Cohen
17204:
17188:
17184:
17178:
17162:
17158:
17154:
17148:
17133:
17129:
17123:
17115:
17114:
17109:
17103:
17095:
17089:
17085:
17078:
17063:
17059:
17053:
17037:
17022:
17007:
17003:
16997:
16981:
16977:
16976:
16971:
16965:
16949:
16945:
16941:
16937:
16931:
16929:
16912:
16908:
16904:
16898:
16883:. 11 May 2021
16882:
16878:
16872:
16857:
16851:
16847:
16846:
16838:
16822:
16818:
16810:
16808:
16803:
16784:
16780:
16776:
16772:
16767:
16758:
16751:
16746:
16738:
16734:
16728:
16723:
16718:
16712:
16676:
16668:
16632:
16625:
16621:
16611:
16608:
16607:
16603:
16592:
16585:
16583:
16579:
16575:
16571:
16566:
16564:
16560:
16556:
16552:
16548:
16544:
16540:
16536:
16532:
16528:
16524:
16520:
16515:
16513:
16512:Junggar Basin
16509:
16505:
16501:
16497:
16493:
16489:
16485:
16481:
16477:
16473:
16469:
16465:
16461:
16457:
16452:
16450:
16446:
16442:
16438:
16428:
16422:
16414:
16408:
16398:
16392:
16384:
16378:
16363:
16360:
16352:
16342:
16338:
16334:
16328:
16327:
16323:
16318:This section
16316:
16312:
16307:
16306:
16298:
16296:
16292:
16290:
16286:
16282:
16277:
16272:
16266:
16262:
16248:
16246:
16245:
16240:
16235:
16233:
16229:
16225:
16221:
16211:
16209:
16205:
16201:
16197:
16193:
16192:Id Kah Mosque
16189:
16185:
16183:
16179:
16175:
16171:
16167:
16163:
16159:
16155:
16150:
16148:
16144:
16139:
16135:
16131:
16121:
16111:
16101:
16091:
16083:
16076:
16072:
16057:
16054:
16051:
16049:
16047:
16045:
16042:
16039:
16038:
16035:
16033:
16030:
16028:
16026:
16024:
16021:
16018:
16017:
16013:
16010:
16007:
16005:
16003:
16001:
15998:
15995:
15994:
15990:
15987:
15984:
15982:
15980:
15978:
15975:
15972:
15971:
15967:
15964:
15961:
15959:
15957:
15955:
15952:
15949:
15948:
15944:
15941:
15938:
15936:
15934:
15932:
15929:
15926:
15925:
15921:
15918:
15915:
15913:
15911:
15909:
15906:
15903:
15902:
15898:
15895:
15892:
15890:
15888:
15886:
15883:
15880:
15879:
15875:
15872:
15869:
15867:
15865:
15863:
15860:
15857:
15856:
15852:
15849:
15846:
15844:
15842:
15840:
15837:
15834:
15833:
15829:
15826:
15823:
15821:
15819:
15817:
15814:
15811:
15810:
15804:
15799:
15794:
15791:
15788:
15785:
15782:
15779:
15778:
15764:
15758:
15754:
15746:
15743:
15741:
15738:
15735:
15732:
15729:
15728:
15724:
15721:
15719:
15716:
15713:
15710:
15707:
15706:
15702:
15699:
15696:
15694:
15691:
15688:
15685:
15684:
15680:
15677:
15675:
15672:
15669:
15666:
15663:
15662:
15658:
15655:
15653:
15650:
15647:
15644:
15641:
15640:
15636:
15634:
15631:
15628:
15625:
15623:
15622:
15617:
15616:
15612:
15609:
15607:
15604:
15601:
15599:
15598:
15593:
15592:
15588:
15585:
15582:
15579:
15577:
15573:
15572:
15568:
15565:
15562:
15559:
15557:
15554:
15553:
15549:
15546:
15543:
15541:
15538:
15536:
15533:
15532:
15528:
15525:
15522:
15520:
15517:
15515:
15512:
15511:
15507:
15504:
15501:
15499:
15496:
15494:
15491:
15490:
15486:
15483:
15480:
15478:
15475:
15473:
15470:
15469:
15465:
15462:
15460:
15457:
15454:
15452:
15449:
15448:
15444:
15441:
15439:
15436:
15433:
15431:
15428:
15427:
15423:
15420:
15418:
15415:
15412:
15410:
15407:
15406:
15402:
15399:
15397:
15394:
15391:
15389:
15386:
15385:
15381:
15378:
15375:
15373:
15370:
15368:
15365:
15364:
15360:
15357:
15355:
15352:
15349:
15346:
15343:
15342:
15338:
15335:
15333:
15330:
15327:
15324:
15321:
15320:
15317:
15314:
15312:
15309:
15307:
15304:
15302:
15299:
15297:
15294:
15293:
15286:
15281:
15278:
15273:
15270:
15265:
15262:
15260:
15259:
15252:
15244:
15241:
15238:
15237:
15233:
15230:
15228:
15225:
15224:
15220:
15217:
15215:
15212:
15211:
15207:
15204:
15202:
15199:
15198:
15194:
15191:
15189:
15186:
15185:
15181:
15178:
15176:
15173:
15172:
15168:
15165:
15163:
15160:
15159:
15155:
15152:
15150:
15147:
15146:
15142:
15139:
15137:
15134:
15133:
15129:
15126:
15124:
15121:
15120:
15116:
15113:
15111:
15108:
15107:
15103:
15100:
15098:
15095:
15094:
15090:
15087:
15085:
15082:
15081:
15078:0.13 percent
15077:
15074:
15072:
15069:
15068:
15065:0.19 percent
15064:
15061:
15059:
15056:
15055:
15052:0.28 percent
15051:
15048:
15046:
15043:
15042:
15039:0.65 percent
15038:
15035:
15033:
15030:
15029:
15026:0.77 percent
15025:
15022:
15020:
15017:
15016:
15013:4.27 percent
15012:
15009:
15007:
15004:
15003:
15000:5.96 percent
14999:
14996:
14994:
14991:
14990:
14986:
14983:
14981:
14978:
14977:
14973:
14970:
14968:
14965:
14964:
14960:
14957:
14955:
14952:
14951:
14944:
14939:
14936:
14934:
14930:
14926:
14922:
14918:
14914:
14910:
14906:
14902:
14898:
14894:
14889:
14886:
14881:
14877:
14875:
14867:
14862:
14858:
14856:
14852:
14847:
14840:
14836:
14830:
14825:
14817:
14813:
14811:
14807:
14803:
14797:
14795:
14791:
14788:), Russians,
14787:
14783:
14779:
14778:ethnic groups
14775:
14771:
14767:
14763:
14759:
14755:
14751:
14746:
14743:
14733:
14730:
14727:
14726:
14722:
14719:
14716:
14715:
14711:
14708:
14705:
14704:
14700:
14697:
14694:
14693:
14689:
14686:
14683:
14682:
14678:
14675:
14672:
14671:
14667:
14664:
14661:
14660:
14656:
14653:
14650:
14649:
14645:
14642:
14639:
14638:
14634:
14631:
14628:
14627:
14623:
14620:
14617:
14616:
14610:
14605:
14602:
14601:
14591:
14586:
14582:
14572:
14570:
14566:
14562:
14557:
14555:
14554:
14549:
14548:Xibe language
14545:
14544:
14538:
14536:
14532:
14528:
14524:
14520:
14517:operates the
14516:
14500:
14497:December 2020
14491:
14487:
14484:This section
14482:
14479:
14475:
14474:
14470:
14466:
14453:
14450:
14447:
14444:
14443:
14440:
14436:
14429:
14426:
14423:
14422:
14416:
14414:
14410:
14408:
14401:Foreign trade
14397:
14393:
14388:
14385:
14380:
14377:
14373:
14368:
14366:
14362:
14358:
14354:
14350:
14345:
14343:
14339:
14335:
14330:
14328:
14319:
14317:
14313:
14309:
14305:
14301:
14296:
14292:
14290:
14286:
14282:
14277:
14275:
14271:
14267:
14263:
14259:
14255:
14253:
14249:
14245:
14241:
14230:
14228:
14224:
14220:
14216:
14210:
14208:
14204:
14200:
14194:
14192:
14191:
14186:
14181:
14178:
14174:
14169:
14159:
14151:
14147:
14139:
14132:
14127:
14120:
14116:
14108:
14100:
14088:
14081:
14080:
14073:
14072:
14065:
14064:
14057:
14056:
14049:
14048:
14041:
14040:
14033:
14019:
14016:
14012:
14008:
14004:
14000:
13995:
13993:
13989:
13985:
13981:
13973:
13968:
13963:
13959:
13949:
13947:
13943:
13939:
13938:
13932:
13927:
13925:
13921:
13916:
13915:
13910:
13906:
13902:
13898:
13893:
13889:
13884:
13882:
13878:
13873:
13867:
13863:
13859:
13849:
13847:
13843:
13839:
13829:
13805:
13804:Erkin Tuniyaz
13801:
13786:
13785:Shohrat Zakir
13782:
13767:
13763:
13748:
13744:
13729:
13725:
13720:تۆمۈر داۋامەت
13710:
13709:Tömür Dawamat
13706:
13691:
13687:
13678:
13674:
13659:
13655:
13646:
13642:
13627:
13623:
13618:بۇرھان شەھىدى
13608:
13604:
13603:
13599:
13598:Erkin Tuniyaz
13595:
13588:
13587:
13586:
13583:
13579:
13570:January 2023
13569:
13566:
13564:January 2023
13563:
13560:
13557:
13556:
13552:
13549:
13546:
13543:
13540:
13539:
13536:
13533:
13531:
13530:Erkin Tuniyaz
13528:
13526:
13523:
13521:
13518:
13515:
13514:
13511:
13509:
13504:
13502:
13499:
13497:
13494:
13492:
13491:
13487:
13484:
13483:
13479:
13475:
13472:
13468:
13465:
13461:
13458:
13454:
13452:
13451:
13437:
13432:
13427:
13417:
13415:
13414:Xinjiang Time
13411:
13407:
13401:
13397:
13396:Xinjiang Time
13387:
13385:
13381:
13377:
13372:
13370:
13366:
13363:
13355:
13344:
13341:
13339:
13336:
13334:
13331:
13329:
13326:
13324:
13321:
13319:
13316:
13314:
13311:
13309:
13306:
13304:
13301:
13299:
13296:
13295:
13290:
13286:
13274:
13273:Kumtag Desert
13271:
13269:
13266:
13264:
13260:
13257:
13256:
13255:
13247:
13245:
13241:
13237:
13233:
13225:
13221:
13217:
13215:
13211:
13207:
13203:
13195:
13191:
13190:Burqin County
13187:
13182:
13176:
13172:
13163:
13161:
13157:
13156:Ürümqi County
13151:
13121:
13117:
13079:
13075:
13071:
13061:
13059:
13055:
13051:
13017:
13014:
13010:
13001:45.2°N 82.6°E
12982:
12980:
12977:
12975:
12972:
12971:
12953:
12950:
12946:
12918:
12916:
12913:
12911:
12908:
12907:
12889:
12886:
12882:
12854:
12852:
12849:
12847:
12844:
12843:
12825:
12822:
12818:
12790:
12788:
12785:
12783:
12780:
12779:
12761:
12758:
12754:
12726:
12724:
12721:
12719:
12716:
12715:
12697:
12694:
12690:
12662:
12660:
12657:
12655:
12652:
12651:
12633:
12630:
12626:
12598:
12596:
12593:
12591:
12588:
12587:
12569:
12566:
12562:
12534:
12532:
12529:
12527:
12524:
12523:
12505:
12502:
12498:
12470:
12468:
12467:Kurumduk Pass
12465:
12463:
12462:Kurumduk Pass
12460:
12459:
12441:
12438:
12434:
12406:
12404:
12401:
12399:
12396:
12395:
12377:
12374:
12370:
12342:
12340:
12337:
12335:
12332:
12331:
12313:
12310:
12306:
12278:
12276:
12273:
12271:
12268:
12267:
12249:
12246:
12242:
12214:
12212:
12211:Buzaygyr Pass
12209:
12207:
12206:Buzaygyr Pass
12204:
12203:
12185:
12182:
12178:
12150:
12148:
12145:
12143:
12140:
12139:
12121:
12118:
12114:
12086:
12084:
12081:
12079:
12076:
12075:
12057:
12054:
12050:
12022:
12020:
12017:
12015:
12012:
12011:
11993:
11990:
11986:
11958:
11956:
11953:
11951:
11948:
11947:
11929:
11926:
11922:
11894:
11892:
11891:Chokolay Pass
11889:
11887:
11886:Chokolay Pass
11884:
11883:
11865:
11862:
11858:
11830:
11828:
11825:
11823:
11820:
11819:
11801:
11798:
11794:
11766:
11764:
11763:Torugart Pass
11761:
11759:
11756:
11755:
11737:
11734:
11730:
11702:
11700:
11697:
11694:
11693:
11675:
11672:
11668:
11640:
11638:
11635:
11633:
11630:
11629:
11611:
11608:
11604:
11576:
11574:
11573:Tuz-Ashu Pass
11571:
11569:
11568:Tuz-Ashu Pass
11566:
11565:
11547:
11544:
11540:
11512:
11510:
11507:
11505:
11502:
11501:
11483:
11480:
11476:
11448:
11446:
11443:
11441:
11438:
11437:
11419:
11416:
11412:
11384:
11382:
11379:
11377:
11374:
11373:
11355:
11352:
11348:
11320:
11318:
11315:
11313:
11310:
11309:
11291:
11288:
11284:
11256:
11254:
11251:
11249:
11246:
11245:
11227:
11224:
11220:
11192:
11190:
11187:
11185:
11182:
11181:
11163:
11160:
11156:
11128:
11126:
11123:
11121:
11118:
11117:
11099:
11096:
11092:
11064:
11062:
11059:
11057:
11054:
11053:
11035:
11032:
11028:
11000:
10998:
10995:
10993:
10990:
10989:
10971:
10968:
10964:
10936:
10934:
10931:
10929:
10926:
10925:
10907:
10904:
10900:
10872:
10870:
10867:
10865:
10862:
10861:
10843:
10840:
10836:
10808:
10806:
10803:
10801:
10798:
10797:
10779:
10776:
10772:
10744:
10742:
10739:
10737:
10734:
10733:
10715:
10712:
10708:
10680:
10678:
10675:
10673:
10670:
10669:
10651:
10648:
10644:
10616:
10614:
10611:
10609:
10606:
10605:
10587:
10584:
10580:
10552:
10550:
10547:
10545:
10542:
10541:
10523:
10520:
10516:
10488:
10486:
10483:
10481:
10478:
10477:
10459:
10456:
10452:
10424:
10422:
10419:
10417:
10414:
10413:
10395:
10392:
10388:
10360:
10358:
10357:Kashetek Pass
10355:
10353:
10352:Kashetek Pass
10350:
10349:
10331:
10328:
10324:
10296:
10294:
10291:
10289:
10284:
10283:
10265:
10262:
10258:
10230:
10228:
10225:
10223:
10220:
10219:
10201:
10198:
10194:
10166:
10164:
10163:Togochar Pass
10161:
10159:
10158:Togochar Pass
10156:
10155:
10137:
10134:
10130:
10102:
10100:
10097:
10095:
10092:
10091:
10073:
10070:
10066:
10038:
10036:
10033:
10031:
10028:
10027:
10009:
10006:
10002:
9974:
9972:
9969:
9967:
9964:
9963:
9945:
9942:
9938:
9910:
9908:
9905:
9903:
9900:
9899:
9881:
9878:
9874:
9846:
9844:
9841:
9839:
9836:
9835:
9817:
9814:
9810:
9782:
9780:
9777:
9775:
9772:
9771:
9753:
9750:
9746:
9718:
9716:
9713:
9711:
9708:
9707:
9689:
9686:
9682:
9654:
9652:
9651:Saritosh Pass
9649:
9647:
9646:Saritosh Pass
9644:
9643:
9625:
9622:
9618:
9590:
9588:
9585:
9583:
9579:
9576:
9575:
9557:
9554:
9550:
9522:
9520:
9517:
9515:
9512:
9511:
9493:
9490:
9486:
9458:
9456:
9455:Nezatash Pass
9453:
9449:
9446:
9445:
9427:
9424:
9420:
9411:37.3°N 75.0°E
9392:
9390:
9387:
9385:
9378:
9377:
9359:
9356:
9352:
9324:
9322:
9319:
9317:
9314:
9313:
9295:
9292:
9288:
9260:
9257:
9254:
9253:
9235:
9232:
9228:
9200:
9197:
9194:
9193:
9175:
9172:
9168:
9140:
9138:
9135:
9133:
9130:
9129:
9111:
9108:
9104:
9076:
9074:
9071:
9069:
9066:
9065:
9047:
9044:
9040:
9012:
9010:
9007:
9005:
9002:
9001:
8983:
8980:
8976:
8948:
8946:
8943:
8941:
8938:
8937:
8919:
8916:
8912:
8884:
8881:
8878:
8877:
8859:
8856:
8852:
8824:
8822:
8819:
8817:
8814:
8813:
8795:
8793:
8789:
8761:
8758:
8755:
8754:
8736:
8733:
8729:
8701:
8699:
8696:
8694:
8691:
8690:
8672:
8669:
8665:
8637:
8635:
8632:
8630:
8627:
8626:
8608:
8605:
8601:
8573:
8571:
8568:
8566:
8563:
8562:
8544:
8542:
8538:
8510:
8508:
8505:
8503:
8500:
8499:
8481:
8478:
8474:
8446:
8444:
8441:
8439:
8436:
8435:
8431:
8428:
8418:
8415:
8414:
8409:
8406:
8398:
8396:
8392:
8388:
8384:
8383:Torugart Pass
8379:
8377:
8372:
8366:
8362:
8358:
8356:
8352:
8348:
8344:
8340:
8332:
8328:
8324:
8320:
8318:
8314:
8313:Lake Balkhash
8310:
8306:
8302:
8287:
8284:
8276:
8266:
8262:
8258:
8252:
8251:
8247:
8242:This section
8240:
8236:
8231:
8230:
8222:
8220:
8216:
8212:
8208:
8200:
8195:
8180:
8179:Jinghe County
8176:
8170:
8163:
8157:
8150:
8144:
8137:
8133:
8129:
8128:Pishan County
8125:
8119:
8112:
8106:
8099:
8093:
8086:
8080:
8073:
8067:
8060:
8054:
8047:
8041:
8034:
8028:
8019:
8010:
8003:
7997:
7993:
7985:
7984:
7978:
7973:
7971:
7968:
7965:
7964:
7960:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7947:
7946:
7942:
7937:
7935:
7932:
7929:
7928:
7924:
7919:
7917:
7914:
7911:
7910:
7906:
7901:
7899:
7896:
7893:
7892:
7888:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7875:
7874:
7870:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7857:
7852:
7851:
7845:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7832:
7831:
7827:
7822:
7820:
7817:
7814:
7813:
7809:
7804:
7802:
7799:
7796:
7791:
7790:
7784:
7781:
7778:
7776:
7773:
7770:
7769:
7765:
7762:
7759:
7757:
7754:
7751:
7750:
7746:
7745:
7739:
7736:
7733:
7731:
7728:
7725:
7724:
7720:
7719:
7713:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7699:
7698:
7694:
7691:
7688:
7686:
7683:
7680:
7679:
7675:
7672:
7669:
7667:
7664:
7661:
7660:
7656:
7655:
7649:
7646:
7643:
7641:
7638:
7635:
7634:
7630:
7629:
7623:
7618:
7616:
7613:
7610:
7605:
7604:
7598:
7595:
7592:
7590:
7587:
7584:
7583:
7579:
7578:
7572:
7569:
7566:
7564:
7561:
7558:
7557:
7553:
7552:
7546:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7532:
7531:
7527:
7524:
7521:
7519:
7516:
7513:
7512:
7508:
7507:
7501:
7496:
7494:
7491:
7488:
7487:
7483:
7482:
7476:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7462:
7461:
7457:
7456:
7450:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7436:
7435:
7431:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7417:
7416:
7412:
7411:
7405:
7402:
7399:
7397:
7394:
7391:
7390:
7386:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7372:
7371:
7367:
7366:
7360:
7357:
7354:
7352:
7349:
7346:
7345:
7341:
7338:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7327:
7326:
7322:
7321:
7315:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7301:
7300:
7296:
7295:
7289:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7275:
7274:
7270:
7267:
7264:
7262:
7261:
7257:
7254:
7253:
7249:
7246:
7243:
7240:
7237:
7236:
7231:
7218:
7211:
7208:
7204:بەيياڭ شەھىرى
7202:
7199:
7196:
7195:
7191:
7184:
7181:
7175:
7172:
7169:
7168:
7165:Húyánghé Shì
7164:
7157:
7154:
7148:
7145:
7142:
7141:
7137:
7130:
7127:
7121:
7118:
7115:
7114:
7111:Kěkèdálā Shì
7110:
7103:
7100:
7094:
7091:
7088:
7087:
7084:Shuānghé Shì
7083:
7076:
7073:
7067:
7064:
7061:
7060:
7056:
7049:
7046:
7040:
7037:
7034:
7033:
7029:
7022:
7020:Bäatün Xäĥiri
7019:
7015:بەيتۈن شەھىرى
7013:
7010:
7007:
7006:
7002:
6995:
6992:
6986:
6983:
6980:
6979:
6975:
6968:
6965:
6961:تۇمشۇق شەھىرى
6959:
6956:
6953:
6952:
6948:
6941:
6938:
6932:
6929:
6926:
6925:
6921:
6914:
6911:
6905:
6902:
6899:
6898:
6894:
6887:
6884:
6878:
6876:
6873:
6872:
6869:Tǎchéng Dìqū
6868:
6861:
6858:
6852:
6850:
6847:
6846:
6842:
6835:
6832:
6826:
6824:
6821:
6820:
6816:
6809:
6806:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6794:
6790:
6783:
6780:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6768:
6764:
6757:
6754:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6742:
6738:
6731:
6728:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6716:
6712:
6705:
6702:
6696:
6694:
6691:
6690:
6686:
6679:
6676:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6664:
6660:
6653:
6650:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6638:
6634:
6627:
6625:K̂umul Xäĥiri
6624:
6618:
6615:
6612:
6611:
6607:
6600:
6598:Turpan Xäĥiri
6597:
6593:تۇرپان شەھىرى
6591:
6588:
6585:
6584:
6581:Kèlāmǎyī Shì
6580:
6573:
6570:
6564:
6561:
6558:
6557:
6554:Wūlǔmùqí Shì
6553:
6546:
6544:Ürümqi Xäĥiri
6543:
6537:
6534:
6531:
6530:
6527:
6524:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6500:
6496:
6493:
6490:
6487:
6484:
6483:
6478:
6471:
6466:
6457:
6448:
6444:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6423:
6420:
6415:
6407:
6405:
6401:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6391:
6388:
6383:
6375:
6373:
6369:
6366:
6363:
6360:
6357:
6354:
6349:
6341:
6339:
6335:
6332:
6329:
6326:
6323:
6320:
6315:
6306:
6303:
6300:
6297:
6294:
6291:
6286:
6277:
6274:
6271:
6268:
6265:
6262:
6257:
6248:
6245:
6242:
6239:
6236:
6233:
6228:
6219:
6217:
6213:
6210:
6207:
6204:
6201:
6198:
6193:
6185:
6184:
6180:
6177:
6174:
6171:
6168:
6165:
6160:
6152:
6151:
6147:
6144:
6141:
6138:
6135:
6132:
6127:
6119:
6118:
6114:
6111:
6108:
6105:
6102:
6099:
6094:
6086:
6085:
6081:
6078:
6075:
6072:
6069:
6066:
6061:
6057:
6049:
6047:
6043:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6029:
6024:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6007:
6004:
6001:
5998:
5995:
5992:
5991:
5987:
5984:
5981:
5976:
5973:
5970:
5967:
5964:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5953:
5950:
5947:
5942:
5939:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5907:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5893:
5892:
5888:
5885:
5882:
5877:
5874:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5860:
5859:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5842:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5828:
5827:
5823:
5818:
5813:
5810:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5796:
5795:
5791:
5788:
5785:
5780:
5777:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5763:
5762:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5745:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5731:
5730:
5726:
5723:
5720:
5715:
5712:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5698:
5697:
5693:
5690:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5677:
5674:
5671:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5645:
5642:
5639:
5636:
5633:
5632:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5614:
5611:
5608:
5605:
5602:
5601:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5582:
5579:
5576:
5573:
5570:
5569:
5565:
5562:
5559:
5556:
5553:
5550:
5547:
5544:
5541:
5538:
5537:
5534:
5529:
5528:Aut. counties
5524:
5519:
5515:
5497:
5496:Division code
5493:
5486:
5483:
5476:
5463:
5456:
5449:
5444:
5437:
5431:
5430:
5419:
5418:
5407:
5406:
5395:
5394:
5383:
5382:
5371:
5370:
5359:
5358:
5347:
5346:
5335:
5334:
5323:
5322:
5311:
5310:
5299:
5298:
5287:
5286:
5278:
5271:
5264:
5257:
5250:
5243:
5236:
5229:
5222:
5215:
5208:
5201:
5199:
5190:
5188:
5179:
5177:
5168:
5166:
5157:
5155:
5146:
5144:
5135:
5133:
5124:
5122:
5113:
5111:
5102:
5099:
5091:
5089:
5080:
5078:
5071:
5069:
5062:
5059:
5051:
5048:
5040:
5037:
5029:
5026:
5018:
5015:
5007:
5004:
4996:
4993:
4985:
4983:
4969:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4955:
4950:
4948:
4944:
4940:
4936:
4932:
4928:
4924:
4917:
4913:
4903:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4888:
4886:
4882:
4878:
4873:
4869:
4865:
4860:
4858:
4854:
4848:
4845:
4841:
4837:
4833:
4830:
4826:
4822:
4818:
4813:
4811:
4807:
4803:
4799:
4795:
4791:
4787:
4783:
4779:
4775:
4771:
4770:Xinjiang raid
4767:
4762:
4760:
4756:
4752:
4751:98 newspapers
4748:
4743:
4741:
4737:
4733:
4728:
4727:petrochemical
4724:
4720:
4714:
4712:
4708:
4703:
4701:
4697:
4696:shuttle trade
4692:
4689:
4688:Deng Xiaoping
4686:
4682:
4677:
4675:
4669:
4667:
4663:
4659:
4655:
4651:
4649:
4643:
4641:
4637:
4633:
4629:
4625:
4621:
4617:
4614:
4605:
4600:
4596:
4586:
4584:
4580:
4579:Ili Rebellion
4576:
4572:
4569:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4541:
4537:
4533:
4529:
4525:
4521:
4517:
4513:
4509:
4505:
4501:
4497:
4493:
4484:
4480:
4478:
4474:
4470:
4466:
4457:
4452:
4448:
4444:
4440:
4430:
4426:
4418:
4409:
4405:
4403:
4399:
4398:caravansareis
4395:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4380:(an Uzbek or
4379:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4358:
4357:Dungan Revolt
4353:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4332:
4328:
4323:
4313:
4310:
4305:
4303:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4287:
4284:rebel of the
4283:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4267:
4265:
4261:
4260:
4255:
4251:
4246:
4244:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4222:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4207:
4200:
4195:
4187:
4179:
4174:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4130:
4125:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4102:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4063:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4049:
4048:Mongol Empire
4044:
4037:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4011:
4004:Mongol period
4001:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3987:
3975:
3970:
3968:
3963:
3961:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3938:
3928:
3927:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3843:
3842:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3779:
3778:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3757:Uyghur Arabic
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3714:
3707:
3706:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3570:Major figures
3567:
3566:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3535:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3514:
3512:
3506:
3504:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3490:
3486:
3485:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3452:
3449:
3445:
3444:
3438:
3433:
3432:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3412:
3407:
3406:
3398:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3343:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3324:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3277:
3273:
3272:
3267:
3263:
3258:
3254:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3227:Western Liáng
3224:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3203:
3195:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3124:Shang dynasty
3120:
3110:
3100:
3090:
3089:
3085:in his work,
3084:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3052:Shule Kingdom
3049:
3045:
3041:
3040:Indo-European
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2973:Tarim mummies
2971:descent. The
2970:
2966:
2962:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2946:West Eurasian
2943:
2942:East Eurasian
2938:
2934:
2930:
2925:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2897:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2875:Shule Kingdom
2872:
2868:
2862:
2850:
2845:
2843:
2838:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2815:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2768:
2767:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2759:Modern period
2756:
2755:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2739:Dungan Revolt
2737:
2735:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2718:Kumul Khanate
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2680:Mongol Empire
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2593:Western Liang
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2521:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2500:
2495:Early history
2487:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2472:
2471:to the west.
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2355:
2345:
2337:
2328:
2326:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2284:
2278:
2274:
2258:
2248:
2244:
2234:
2230:
2225:
2217:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2179:
2174:
2172:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2124:
2118:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2097:Sarikoli name
2095:
2075:
2073:
2069:
2064:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2031:
2024:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1994:
1987:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1929:
1927:
1926:Manchu script
1923:
1918:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1847:
1843:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1789:
1785:
1763:
1761:
1757:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1738:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1710:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1693:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1676:
1673:
1669:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1646:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1588:
1584:
1578:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1545:
1543:
1539:
1531:
1529:
1525:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1411:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1393:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1331:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1301:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1238:
1234:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1189:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1156:
1154:
1150:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1020:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1003:
996:
991:
987:
982:
974:
972:
968:
964:
960:
959:radical Islam
956:
952:
947:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
916:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
849:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
808:. The rugged
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
731:
730:Uyghur script
727:
723:
721:
701:
692:
687:
677:
673:
666:
662:
659:
655:
651:
649:
648:ISO 3166 code
645:
639:
635:
631:
627:
622:
618:
615:
611:
605:
601:
598:
594:
590:
586:
581: •
579:
572:
570:
566:
564:
560:
559:
557:
554:
539:
534:
531:
528:
524:
520:
516:
513:
510:
506:
502:
498:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
474:
471:
467:
463:
459:
454:
450:
447:
444: •
442:
439:
436:
433:
428:
425:
424:Erkin Tuniyaz
422:
418:
415:
412:
408:
405:
402:
400:
399:CCP Secretary
397: •
395:
391:
387:
384:
381:
377:
372:
365:
361:
359:
351:
343:
333:
330:
327:
319:
316:
313:
311:
307:
302:
274:Coordinates:
272:
265:
260:
250:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
232:
229:
227:
223:
220:
218:
214:
213:
201:
194:
183:
176:
165:
154:
149:
143:
138:
133: •
131:
125:
113:
110:
106: •
104:
99:
88:
85:
81: •
79:
74:
69:
65:
60:
53:
47:
43:
39:
35:
30:
19:
29903:China proper
29869:Central Asia
29856:
29704:Eastern Liao
29694:Western Liao
29402:
29328:
29212:Heilongjiang
28945:administered
28895:Yanqi County
28875:Qiemo County
28870:Hoxud County
28786:Manas County
28781:Qitai County
28706:Hotan County
28608:Wushi County
28603:Xinhe County
28583:Xayar County
28526:Fuhai County
28516:Fuyun County
28472:Yumin County
28426:Nilka County
28421:Tekes County
28323:Kumul / Hami
28171:
28123:
28111:
28016:Rahile Dawut
28001:Sattar Sawut
27946:Sheng Shicai
27931:Yang Zengxin
27926:Zuo Zongtang
27732:Karakul Lake
27712:Jiaohe ruins
27378:Qing dynasty
27321:Yuan dynasty
27260:Tang dynasty
27160:
27027:
26784:
26762:
26729:
26706:
26696:
26686:
26666:
26654:. Retrieved
26646:
26627:
26565:. ABC-CLIO.
26561:
26540:
26519:
26504:the original
26499:
26481:the original
26476:
26444:
26438:
26412:
26381:
26347:
26344:Modern China
26343:
26323:
26302:
26281:
26260:
26239:
26218:
26197:
26187:
26173:the original
26168:
26144:
26131:. Retrieved
26127:the original
26111:
26090:
26069:
26048:
26038:
26018:
25997:
25990:. p. 3.
25987:
25955:
25944:
25931:. Retrieved
25927:the original
25911:
25894:. ABC-CLIO.
25890:
25869:
25858:
25837:
25816:
25783:
25779:
25759:
25738:
25717:
25696:
25675:
25654:
25633:
25612:
25591:
25570:
25549:
25528:
25518:
25515:Reprint of:
25499:
25475:
25449:
25423:
25410:
25397:. Retrieved
25393:the original
25388:
25364:
25353:
25332:
25311:
25290:
25269:
25257:the original
25244:
25240:
25210:
25190:
25166:
25155:
25134:
25113:
25084:
25064:
25044:
25023:
25002:
24981:
24960:
24947:. Retrieved
24940:the original
24912:
24901:
24880:
24859:
24838:
24817:
24796:
24775:
24762:. Retrieved
24758:the original
24753:
24729:
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24667:the original
24658:
24637:
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24550:
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24495:
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24462:
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24432:
24421:
24411:
24402:
24382:
24378:
24341:
24337:
24317:
24296:
24267:
24247:
24224:
24203:
24182:
24161:
24141:
24118:. Retrieved
24114:the original
24109:
24100:
24088:. Retrieved
24077:
24066:Su Qingxia (
24061:
24052:
24045:. Retrieved
24043:. Bangladesh
24038:
24028:
24018:26 September
24016:. Retrieved
24005:
23993:
23983:26 September
23981:. Retrieved
23969:The Guardian
23967:
23957:
23947:– via
23931:M. E. Sharpe
23925:
23918:
23910:
23895:
23890:
23866:
23859:
23847:. Retrieved
23844:www.tjcn.org
23843:
23834:
23825:
23820:
23808:. Retrieved
23804:the original
23792:
23780:. Retrieved
23776:
23767:
23740:
23731:
23720:Starr (2004)
23715:
23703:. Retrieved
23697:
23687:
23675:. Retrieved
23671:the original
23656:
23644:. Retrieved
23631:
23622:
23615:Mesny (1899)
23610:
23603:Mesny (1896)
23598:
23586:
23559:
23548:Starr (2004)
23543:
23531:. Retrieved
23515:
23487:
23475:
23463:. Retrieved
23443:
23436:
23424:. Retrieved
23415:
23405:
23386:
23377:
23364:
23350:
23342:the original
23328:
23320:the original
23304:
23296:the original
23280:
23272:the original
23256:
23248:the original
23232:
23224:the original
23208:
23196:. Retrieved
23180:
23168:. Retrieved
23159:1936–37年中国人口
23152:
23140:. Retrieved
23124:
23112:. Retrieved
23096:
23084:. Retrieved
23075:
23065:
23053:. Retrieved
23045:news.163.com
23044:
23033:
23021:. Retrieved
23012:Tianshan Net
23010:
22999:
22987:. Retrieved
22978:
22968:
22956:. Retrieved
22952:the original
22947:
22937:
22925:. Retrieved
22921:the original
22916:
22907:
22895:. Retrieved
22881:
22869:. Retrieved
22855:
22843:. Retrieved
22829:
22817:. Retrieved
22803:
22791:. Retrieved
22777:
22765:. Retrieved
22751:
22739:. Retrieved
22725:
22702:
22696:
22684:. Retrieved
22680:the original
22670:
22658:. Retrieved
22647:
22638:
22607:
22601:
22589:. Retrieved
22585:the original
22578:
22569:
22557:. Retrieved
22553:
22543:
22531:. Retrieved
22526:
22517:
22505:. Retrieved
22501:
22492:
22480:. Retrieved
22465:
22446:
22440:
22428:. Retrieved
22423:
22414:
22407:Mesny (1899)
22402:
22390:. Retrieved
22387:chinadailyhk
22386:
22377:
22358:
22325:
22321:
22311:
22299:
22284:
22256:. Retrieved
22245:
22236:
22224:. Retrieved
22207:The Guardian
22205:
22180:
22153:. Retrieved
22141:
22133:Bao, Yajun.
22128:
22116:. Retrieved
22100:
22088:. Retrieved
22072:
22060:. Retrieved
22056:The Guardian
22054:
22044:
22032:. Retrieved
22026:
22016:
22004:. Retrieved
21998:
21988:
21976:. Retrieved
21970:
21960:
21948:. Retrieved
21938: /
21926:
21903:
21900:Tsang, Steve
21894:
21863:
21840:. Retrieved
21835:
21811:. Retrieved
21797:
21785:. Retrieved
21756:. Retrieved
21745:
21732:
21722:
21703:
21677:
21669:
21662:. Retrieved
21653:
21644:
21636:
21608:
21604:
21594:
21582:. Retrieved
21578:the original
21573:American.edu
21571:
21565:
21558:
21534:
21515:
21495:
21491:
21464:
21455:
21446:
21436:
21426:
21411:
21401:
21390:
21381:
21369:. Retrieved
21363:
21338:. Retrieved
21331:
21322:
21310:. Retrieved
21303:
21294:
21282:. Retrieved
21277:
21268:
21256:. Retrieved
21247:
21237:
21225:. Retrieved
21216:
21206:
21194:. Retrieved
21188:
21163:. Retrieved
21152:
21140:
21128:. Retrieved
21104:
21081:
21056:. Retrieved
21037:
21013:. Retrieved
21009:Asia Society
21007:
20998:
20986:. Retrieved
20982:the original
20975:
20965:
20953:. Retrieved
20944:
20938:
20928:
20920:the original
20910:
20892:
20886:
20874:. Retrieved
20870:The Guardian
20868:
20858:
20846:. Retrieved
20837:
20826:
20814:. Retrieved
20803:
20794:
20765:
20736:
20713:
20710:中国民政统计年鉴2014
20700:
20688:. Retrieved
20683:
20674:
20647:
20637:
20625:. Retrieved
20621:the original
20612:
20602:(in Chinese)
20597:
20585:. Retrieved
20565:
20553:. Retrieved
20539:
20530:
20523:. Retrieved
20516:
20507:
20498:
20488:
20478:
20467:
20458:
20444:
20438:
20430:
20421:
20415:
20402:The Guardian
20400:
20390:
20378:. Retrieved
20371:
20362:
20350:. Retrieved
20346:The Diplomat
20344:
20334:
20322:. Retrieved
20317:
20308:
20300:the original
20275:. Retrieved
20271:The Diplomat
20269:
20259:
20250:
20243:. Retrieved
20231:
20222:
20210:. Retrieved
20201:
20192:
20180:. Retrieved
20169:
20159:
20147:. Retrieved
20141:
20116:. Retrieved
20112:the original
20098:
20086:. Retrieved
20072:
20060:
20051:
20041:
20029:. Retrieved
20015:
20003:. Retrieved
19993:
19981:. Retrieved
19971:
19959:. Retrieved
19954:The Guardian
19952:
19943:
19931:. Retrieved
19926:
19917:
19905:. Retrieved
19901:the original
19896:
19887:
19875:. Retrieved
19869:
19859:
19847:. Retrieved
19840:
19831:
19819:. Retrieved
19815:the original
19808:
19799:
19787:. Retrieved
19778:
19768:
19758:
19739:
19730:
19721:
19709:
19703:the original
19698:
19694:
19678:
19666:. Retrieved
19662:the original
19657:CACI Analyst
19655:
19645:
19633:
19621:
19609:
19597:
19585:
19554:
19535:– via
19513:
19503:
19472:
19466:
19443:
19418:
19402:
19386:
19374:
19362:
19350:. Retrieved
19326:
19322:
19312:
19300:. Retrieved
19291:
19278:
19259:
19253:
19230:
19224:
19212:
19200:. Retrieved
19189:
19144:. Retrieved
19133:
19123:
19100:
19094:
19078:
19066:. Retrieved
19062:the original
19050:
19039:Tyler (2004)
19034:
19029:, p. 5.
19027:Mesny (1905)
19022:
19013:
19004:
18995:
18983:. Retrieved
18969:
18960:
18944:
18928:
18912:
18896:
18880:
18864:
18853:Tyler (2004)
18848:
18840:
18835:
18827:
18819:
18807:
18795:
18783:. Retrieved
18773:
18766:
18757:
18751:
18735:
18719:
18703:
18695:
18691:
18672:
18662:
18643:
18637:
18618:
18612:
18593:
18587:
18564:
18537:. Retrieved
18528:
18518:
18492:
18486:
18465:
18457:
18441:
18436:
18391:
18387:
18377:
18358:
18352:
18327:
18320:
18311:
18265:
18261:
18251:
18214:
18210:
18200:
18179:
18172:
18160:
18139:
18132:
18123:
18085:
18081:
18071:
18036:
18032:
18022:
18006:
17990:
17974:
17958:
17942:
17918:
17912:
17900:. Retrieved
17895:
17886:
17874:. Retrieved
17869:
17846:
17844:
17837:. Retrieved
17833:the original
17826:
17817:
17792:
17781:
17769:
17758:Tyler (2004)
17753:
17728:
17710:
17698:. Retrieved
17692:
17682:
17670:. Retrieved
17651:
17624:. Retrieved
17611:
17602:
17590:. Retrieved
17582:The Diplomat
17581:
17571:
17559:. Retrieved
17555:the original
17540:
17531:
17518:
17511:
17503:
17484:
17477:
17467:
17461:
17453:
17448:24 September
17446:. Retrieved
17440:
17431:
17419:. Retrieved
17408:
17399:
17391:the original
17384:
17358:. Retrieved
17342:
17316:. Retrieved
17311:
17302:
17276:. Retrieved
17270:
17260:
17216:
17213:"Aksai Chin"
17203:
17193:16 September
17191:. Retrieved
17177:
17165:. Retrieved
17161:the original
17156:
17147:
17135:. Retrieved
17131:
17122:
17111:
17102:
17083:
17077:
17067:23 September
17065:. Retrieved
17061:
17052:
17040:. Retrieved
17025:. Retrieved
17010:. Retrieved
17008:. March 2024
16996:
16984:. Retrieved
16973:
16964:
16952:. Retrieved
16939:
16915:. Retrieved
16911:the original
16906:
16897:
16885:. Retrieved
16871:
16859:. Retrieved
16844:
16837:
16825:. Retrieved
16821:the original
16766:
16757:
16730:
16624:
16602:China portal
16567:
16516:
16453:
16434:
16355:
16346:
16331:Please help
16319:
16293:
16273:
16269:
16242:
16236:
16217:
16196:Emin Minaret
16186:
16182:Ismaili Shia
16151:
16127:
16120:Christianity
16081:
15786:Live births
15757:
15739:
15717:
15692:
15673:
15651:
15632:
15619:
15605:
15595:
15575:
15539:
15518:
15497:
15476:
15458:
15437:
15416:
15395:
15371:
15353:
15331:
15315:
15310:
15305:
15300:
15295:
14917:Bayin'gholin
14890:
14882:
14878:
14871:
14848:
14844:
14839:County-level
14798:
14774:Sino-Tibetan
14747:
14739:
14575:Demographics
14558:
14551:
14541:
14539:
14512:
14494:
14490:adding to it
14485:
14411:
14404:
14381:
14369:
14346:
14340:, gold, and
14331:
14325:
14308:Irtysh River
14300:Lake Ulungur
14297:
14293:
14289:tomato paste
14278:
14256:
14236:
14212:
14196:
14188:
14182:
14170:
14135:
13996:
13977:
13935:
13928:
13912:
13885:
13880:
13875:
13835:
13826:
13802:Since 2021:
13796:شۆھرەت زاكىر
13575:
13505:
13500:
13495:
13488:
13403:
13373:
13368:
13364:
13359:
13283:
13280:Major cities
13262:
13253:
13228:
13210:Arctic Ocean
13206:Irtysh River
13199:
13175:Tianchi Lake
13122:
13067:
13054:Kazakhstania
13047:
12915:Bysokiy Pass
12910:Bysokiy Pass
12339:Yerteke Pass
12334:Yerteke Pass
12083:Terekty Pass
12078:Terekty Pass
11125:Kurumdu Pass
11120:Kurumdu Pass
11061:Kyz-Dar Pass
11056:Kyz-Dar Pass
10933:Muzbel' Pass
10928:Muzbel' Pass
10099:Uch-Bel Pass
10094:Uch-Bel Pass
10035:Qarazoq Pass
10030:Qarazoq Pass
9843:Budabel Pass
9838:Budabel Pass
9779:Aromiti Pass
9774:Aromiti Pass
9519:Agachak Pass
9514:Agachak Pass
9137:Wakhjir Pass
9009:Mintaka Pass
8908:36.95; 75.35
8882:Parpik Pass
8879:Parpik Pass
8634:Mustagh Pass
8404:
8389:(KKH) links
8380:
8373:
8369:
8336:
8294:
8279:
8270:
8255:Please help
8243:
8204:
8201:in Xinjiang.
8169:
8156:
8143:
8124:Hotan County
8118:
8105:
8092:
8079:
8066:
8053:
8040:
8027:
8018:
8009:
7996:
7980:
7847:
7786:
7741:
7715:
7651:
7625:
7600:
7574:
7548:
7503:
7478:
7452:
7407:
7362:
7317:
7291:
7258:
7219:BaíYáng Shì
7192:Xīnxīng Shì
7003:Wǔjiāqú Shì
6934:ئارال شەھىرى
6922:Shíhézǐ Shì
6895:Ālètài Dìqū
6817:Hétián Dìqū
6620:قۇمۇل شەھىرى
6608:Tǔlǔfān Shì
6525:
6513:
6502:
6469:
6434:
6402:
6370:
6336:
6214:
6182:
6148:
6115:
6083:
6044:
5545:1,664,900.00
5471:
5459:
5454:
5445:administered
5440:
5435:
5426:
5414:
5402:
5390:
5378:
5366:
5354:
5342:
5330:
5318:
5306:
5294:
5282:
5193:
5182:
5171:
5160:
5149:
5138:
5127:
5116:
5105:
5094:
5083:
5074:
5065:
5054:
5043:
5032:
5021:
5010:
4999:
4988:
4979:
4953:
4951:
4920:
4889:
4864:Sattar Sawut
4861:
4849:
4840:Chen Quanguo
4821:People's War
4814:
4776:flight, the
4764:The ongoing
4763:
4759:immunization
4744:
4715:
4704:
4693:
4678:
4670:
4656:
4652:
4648:ethnogenesis
4644:
4632:Russian SFSR
4610:
4552:Soviet Union
4548:Xinjiang War
4544:Sheng Shicai
4489:
4469:Yang Zengxin
4462:
4427:
4414:
4402:Zuo Zongtang
4354:
4335:
4306:
4268:
4257:
4247:
4223:
4203:
4167:Qing dynasty
4151:invited the
4134:
4103:
4067:Yuan dynasty
4064:
4043:Genghis Khan
4040:
3983:
3827:
3717:Architecture
3667:Shams al-Din
3553:Islamophobia
3401:Islamization
3379:Liao dynasty
3376:
3344:
3325:
3293:began under
3280:
3276:Tang dynasty
3269:
3231:Northern Wei
3215:Former Liang
3209:The Western
3208:
3168:) at Wulei (
3159:Qiang people
3132:
3108:
3098:
3086:
3080:
3013:
2993:
2958:
2933:Y chromosome
2926:
2902:
2793:
2578:Former Liang
2473:
2381:Leh district
2366:
2362:
2358:
2350:
2324:
2308:
2283:Gaitu Guiliu
2281:
2246:
2229:Qing dynasty
2226:
2215:
2209:
2195:
2175:
2169:), meaning "
2160:
2130:
1903:Siril Yëziqi
1855:Latin Yëziqi
1672:Southern Min
1656:Romanization
1633:Romanization
1456:Hanyu Pinyin
1424:Hanyu Pinyin
1310:Southern Min
1244:Romanization
1081:Hanyu Pinyin
1033:Hanyu Pinyin
1005:Chinese name
969:to commit a
948:
920:Qing dynasty
917:
850:
764:. Being the
758:Central Asia
741:
737:
736:
717:
695:(in Chinese)
636:CN¥ 73,774 (
573:12.80% other
536:Demographics
350:County-level
245:Karakul Lake
135:Abbreviation
46:
29:
29676:Tarim Basin
28929:Akto County
28919:Akqi County
28880:Bohu County
28865:Yuli County
28801:Mori County
28761:Changji Hui
28752:prefectures
28593:Awat County
28578:Onsu County
28549:Prefectures
28477:Toli County
28467:Emin County
28336:Yiwu County
27991:Ilham Tohti
27981:Wang Lequan
27737:Kizil Caves
27491:Tarim Basin
27331:Moghulistan
27311:Qara Khitai
27207:Han dynasty
27017:Afghanistan
26973:Osh Regions
26914:Provinces,
26888:Bayan-Ölgii
26647:China Brief
26350:(1): 3–30.
24090:24 February
24079:Tianshannet
23677:6 September
23533:14 November
23426:23 February
23006:新疆互联网业务全面恢复
22989:11 February
22917:Xinhua News
22686:26 November
22660:26 November
22226:27 November
21936:China Daily
21413:Antara News
21227:17 February
20988:14 December
20955:14 December
20876:25 February
20774:. Beijing:
20745:. Beijing:
20587:12 December
19849:4 September
19446:. Seattle:
19284:Amy Goodman
19001:"Yakub Beg"
18951:, pp.
18828:Sheng Wu Ji
18800:Adle (2003)
18539:26 November
18411:1887/139205
18211:BMC Biology
17774:Hill (2009)
17672:16 November
17421:26 November
17405:"Turkestan"
16954:31 December
16827:19 December
16582:to Pakistan
16480:Lianyungang
16276:Sayram Lake
16204:Awat County
16162:Sunni Islam
16043:25,890,000
16022:25,852,000
15999:25,230,000
15976:24,870,000
15953:24,450,000
15930:23,980,000
15907:23,600,000
15884:22,980,000
15861:22,640,000
15838:22,330,000
15815:22,090,000
15807:(per 1000)
15802:(per 1000)
15797:(per 1000)
15783:Population
14961:Percentage
14954:Nationality
14808:, Tianjin,
14543:Qapqal News
14353:Pleistocene
14312:aquaculture
14306:and in the
14304:Lake Bosten
14283:and Turpan
14281:Hami melons
14266:Sericulture
14227:polysilicon
14223:solar panel
14190:China Daily
14185:state media
14121:in Xinjiang
13783:2015–2021:
13764:2007–2015:
13745:2003–2007:
13733:阿不来提·阿不都热西提
13726:1993–2003:
13707:1985–1993:
13690:Ismail Amat
13688:1979–1985:
13675:1978–1979:
13656:1972–1978:
13645:Long Shujin
13643:1968–1972:
13624:1955–1967:
13605:1949–1955:
13525:Zumret Obul
13374:Continuous
13194:sightseeing
13145: /
13103: /
13050:Kunlun Shan
13004: /
12940: /
12876: /
12812: /
12748: /
12684: /
12620: /
12556: /
12492: /
12428: /
12364: /
12300: /
12236: /
12172: /
12108: /
12044: /
12019:Ortosu Pass
12014:Ortosu Pass
11980: /
11916: /
11852: /
11827:Uselek Pass
11822:Uselek Pass
11788: /
11724: /
11699:Borgun Pass
11662: /
11598: /
11534: /
11470: /
11445:Talgyy Pass
11440:Talgyy Pass
11406: /
11342: /
11278: /
11214: /
11150: /
11086: /
11022: /
10958: /
10894: /
10830: /
10766: /
10702: /
10638: /
10613:Il'tyk Pass
10608:Il'tyk Pass
10574: /
10549:Vorota Pass
10544:Vorota Pass
10510: /
10446: /
10382: /
10318: /
10252: /
10188: /
10124: /
10060: /
9996: /
9932: /
9868: /
9804: /
9740: /
9676: /
9612: /
9544: /
9480: /
9414: /
9346: /
9282: /
9222: /
9162: /
9098: /
9034: /
8970: /
8906: /
8846: /
8783: /
8723: /
8659: /
8595: /
8532: /
8468: /
8426:Coordinate
8331:Muztagh Ata
8317:Emin Valley
8136:Qira County
8132:Moyu County
8046:Tachang CLC
7226:Urban areas
7030:Běitún Shì
6949:Ālā'ěr Shì
6939:Aral Xäĥiri
6791:Kāshí Dìqū
6760:克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州
6739:Ākèsū Dìqū
5937:2,848,393 *
5934:56,381.53 *
5503:Area in km
4931:prefectures
4875:attacks in
4700:perestroika
4658:Land reform
4091:Transoxiana
4079:Moghulistan
4056:Ögedei Khan
4052:Qara Khitai
4032:Moghulistan
3762:Xiao'erjing
3752:Sufi orders
3747:Sini script
3592:Hu Songshan
3518:(1895–1896)
3510:(1862–1877)
3502:(1856–1873)
3391:Qara Khitai
3326:During the
3223:Later Liang
3211:Jin dynasty
3032:Han dynasty
2965:South Asian
2694:Moghulistan
2675:Qara Khitai
2588:Later Liang
2514:History of
2457:Afghanistan
2445:Osh Regions
2401:Bayan-Ölgii
2331:Description
2296:Qiandongnan
2227:During the
2206:Gobi Desert
2153:Moghulistan
2141:Tarim Basin
1996:Kyrgyz name
1959:Kazakh name
1950:Möllendorff
1920:Manchu name
1871:Yengi Yeziⱪ
1825:Uyghur name
1806:(Classical)
1713:Eastern Min
1594:Xiao'erjing
1351:Eastern Min
1285:san1 goeng1
1205:Xiao'erjing
1130:Hsin-chiang
873:Han Chinese
861:Tarim Basin
778:Afghanistan
720:Uyghur text
642:US$ 10,469
628:271 billion
553:2020 census
546:composition
451:60 deputies
414:Zumret Obul
367:95 counties
296: /
249:Muztagh Ata
215:Skyline of
29959:Inner Asia
29928:Categories
29908:Sinosphere
29810:Lifan Yuan
29709:Later Liao
29473:Inner Asia
29009:Tiemenguan
28825:Alashankou
28750:Autonomous
28366:Ili Kazakh
27936:Jin Shuren
27742:Niya ruins
27660:Tunurkawab
27192:Tocharians
27001:Tajikistan
26985:Kyrgyzstan
26912:Govi-Altai
26850:Kazakhstan
26133:13 October
25933:13 October
24442:"Contents"
24379:Inner Asia
24338:Inner Asia
24120:9 February
23933:. p.
23810:11 October
23722:, p.
23646:4 December
23550:, p.
23465:13 October
21813:22 October
21758:31 January
21654:www.gov.cn
21340:24 October
21312:24 October
21165:19 January
21130:4 December
21058:19 January
20947:(2): 251.
20816:13 October
20608:深圳统计年鉴2014
20555:28 January
20245:23 October
20182:18 January
20088:8 November
19710:Since the
19668:29 January
19425:, p.
19409:, p.
19393:, p.
19202:13 October
19085:, p.
19041:, p.
18985:22 January
18935:, p.
18919:, p.
18903:, p.
18887:, p.
18871:, p.
18855:, p.
18742:, p.
18726:, p.
18710:, p.
18217:(15): 15.
18165:Betts 2019
18013:, p.
17997:, p.
17981:, p.
17965:, p.
17949:, p.
17902:31 October
17896:wikisource
17839:29 January
17760:, p.
17721:) (1996).
17626:29 October
17592:29 October
17243:2008009181
17132:www.gov.cn
17128:"新疆的历史与发展"
16975:Ethnologue
16793:References
15731:Tiemenguan
15700:< 0.005
15678:< 0.005
15547:< 0.005
15526:< 0.005
15493:Kizilsu AP
15430:Bortala AP
15409:Changji AP
14984:10,920,098
14971:11,624,257
14958:Population
14851:birth rate
14786:Dongxiangs
14731:25,852,345
14720:21,813,334
14709:18,459,511
14698:15,155,778
14687:13,081,681
14529:, Uyghur,
14365:fertilizer
14166:US$ 14,680
14154:US$ 10,191
13999:separatism
13972:Kök Bayraq
13870:See also:
13520:Ma Xingrui
13438:in Kashgar
13436:Mao Zedong
13434:Statue of
13376:permafrost
13240:Lake Manas
13224:Kanas Lake
13133:87°19′52″E
13130:43°40′52″N
13109: (
13006:45.2; 82.6
12979:Alashankou
12928:80°12′36″E
12925:42°04′13″N
12864:80°12′39″E
12861:42°02′58″N
12800:78°24′47″E
12797:41°24′41″N
12787:Bedel Pass
12736:76°38′59″E
12733:40°38′30″N
12672:76°34′11″E
12669:40°33′40″N
12608:76°32′13″E
12605:40°28′41″N
12544:76°30′11″E
12541:40°25′45″N
12480:76°27′33″E
12477:40°24′43″N
12416:76°22′10″E
12413:40°22′55″N
12352:76°19′52″E
12349:40°20′46″N
12288:76°16′55″E
12285:40°24′39″N
12224:76°00′09″E
12221:40°21′59″N
12160:75°57′57″E
12157:40°22′34″N
12096:75°51′18″E
12093:40°18′35″N
12032:75°49′14″E
12029:40°19′34″N
11968:75°43′20″E
11965:40°28′14″N
11904:75°37′20″E
11901:40°35′59″N
11840:75°31′15″E
11837:40°38′01″N
11776:75°23′38″E
11773:40°33′06″N
11712:74°48′51″E
11709:40°28′04″N
11650:74°48′54″E
11647:40°25′15″N
11586:74°39′09″E
11583:40°16′21″N
11522:74°36′59″E
11519:40°16′53″N
11458:74°32′12″E
11455:40°13′11″N
11394:74°05′41″E
11391:40°05′23″N
11330:74°24′58″E
11327:40°08′09″N
11266:74°34′55″E
11263:40°16′09″N
11202:74°16′11″E
11199:40°06′48″N
11138:74°07′43″E
11135:40°06′37″N
11074:74°07′08″E
11071:40°06′23″N
11010:74°03′57″E
11007:40°04′51″N
10946:74°01′08″E
10943:40°05′03″N
10882:73°58′43″E
10879:40°02′41″N
10818:73°58′00″E
10815:40°00′51″N
10754:73°54′38″E
10751:39°54′41″N
10690:73°53′43″E
10687:39°51′55″N
10626:73°50′20″E
10623:39°45′53″N
10562:73°51′42″E
10559:39°45′24″N
10498:73°53′03″E
10495:39°44′45″N
10485:Tupik Pass
10480:Tupik Pass
10434:73°53′30″E
10431:39°44′49″N
10370:73°54′52″E
10367:39°43′42″N
10306:73°58′25″E
10303:39°43′02″N
10240:73°55′27″E
10237:39°35′40″N
10176:73°54′52″E
10173:39°33′52″N
10112:74°56′42″E
10109:37°49′16″N
10048:73°42′43″E
10045:38°51′00″N
9984:73°48′09″E
9981:38°39′14″N
9971:Uzbel-Pass
9920:74°00′00″E
9917:38°32′00″N
9907:Kiyaz-Ashu
9902:Kiyaz-Ashu
9856:74°04′20″E
9853:38°34′32″N
9792:74°29′05″E
9789:38°37′42″N
9728:74°52′02″E
9725:38°25′42″N
9664:74°48′04″E
9661:38°16′37″N
9600:74°48′14″E
9597:38°08′59″N
9587:Kulma Pass
9532:74°56′42″E
9529:37°49′16″N
9468:74°56′10″E
9465:37°35′22″N
9416:37.3; 75.0
9389:Beyik Pass
9334:74°52′28″E
9331:37°13′25″N
9270:74°43′58″E
9267:37°17′02″N
9210:74°36′53″E
9207:37°15′16″N
9150:74°29′05″E
9147:37°05′53″N
9086:74°40′20″E
9083:37°04′45″N
9073:Kilik Pass
9022:74°51′04″E
9019:37°00′14″N
8958:75°17′50″E
8955:36°58′25″N
8834:75°25′40″E
8831:36°51′00″N
8771:76°08′33″E
8768:35°51′12″N
8711:76°09′45″E
8708:35°49′24″N
8647:76°15′00″E
8644:35°50′24″N
8583:76°34′37″E
8580:35°52′23″N
8520:76°51′38″E
8517:35°39′24″N
8456:77°49′23″E
8453:35°30′48″N
7970:Alashankou
7819:Tiemenguan
7271:4,054,369
7138:Kūnyù Shì
7036:Tiemenguan
6238:Tiemenguan
6002:117,699.01
5902:249,146.59
5869:137,578.51
5805:127,144.91
5772:470,954.25
5675:142,094.88
5548:25,852,345
5512:Divisions
5356:Tiemenguan
5198:Prefecture
5187:Prefecture
5165:Prefecture
5154:Prefecture
5132:Prefecture
5119:Bayingolin
4885:Ma Xingrui
4832:Xi Jinping
4800:, and the
4620:Tao Zhiyue
4593:See also:
4496:Jin Shuren
4477:Kuomintang
4437:See also:
4371:and Gansu
4288:suborder,
4279:Naqshbandi
4219:Emin Khoja
4149:Afaq Khoja
4137:Naqshbandi
4028:Four Oirat
4008:See also:
3990:Islamified
3873:Dongxiangs
3687:Wang Daiyu
3672:Su fei-erh
3642:Ma Mingxin
3632:Ma Hualong
3622:Ma Fuxiang
3607:Ma Anliang
3597:Kasim Tuet
3577:Afaq Khoja
3409:Part of a
3219:Former Qin
3149:and Gansu
3143:Zhang Qian
3083:Guan Zhong
3070:, such as
3044:Tocharians
3042:-speaking
3036:Emperor Wu
2913:Bronze Age
2887:Tocharians
2583:Former Qin
2540:Tocharians
2449:Tajikistan
2433:Kyrgyzstan
2421:Kazakhstan
2405:Govi-Altai
2316:Mao Zedong
2033:Oirat name
1512:Wade–Giles
1367:Sĭng-giŏng
1343:Sing-kiang
1213:ثٍڭِیَانْ
1123:Wade–Giles
822:Aksai Chin
806:Tajikistan
790:Kyrgyzstan
786:Kazakhstan
503:25,890,000
495:Population
404:Ma Xingrui
374:Government
29822:Manchuria
29775:Manchuria
29732:Manchuria
29380:Hong Kong
29352:Chongqing
29192:Guangdong
29169:Provinces
28042:Altishahr
27971:Nur Bekri
27956:Wang Zhen
27921:Yaqub Beg
27551:Education
27485:Dzungaria
27476:Tian Shan
27463:Geography
27383:Qing rule
26951:Issyk Kul
26581:715288234
26461:144071415
26372:144587815
26148:. BRILL.
25808:146587527
25484:cite book
25458:cite book
25432:cite book
25253:1653-4212
25104:304941674
24368:ignored (
24300:. Brill.
24287:1759-5290
24186:. Brill.
23978:0261-3077
23187:1947年全国人口
23131:1928年中国人口
23103:1912年中国人口
22948:AsiaMedia
22630:939553543
22591:6 October
22559:6 October
22533:6 October
22507:6 October
22430:6 October
22392:6 October
22362:Guo Yan,
22350:0304-3800
22328:: 28–39.
22258:3 October
22216:0261-3077
22090:2 January
22034:6 October
22000:Bloomberg
21886:939553543
21633:154008693
21625:1067-0564
21438:Detik.com
21258:3 January
21048:0013-0613
21015:2 October
20666:992517929
20500:tourists.
20427:Kompas TV
20277:3 October
20118:23 August
20031:1 January
20005:29 August
19983:29 August
19577:939553543
19347:233974395
19146:19 August
18830:, vol. 4.
18511:162211306
18442:Les Saces
18428:213924514
18420:2212-5884
18290:1476-4687
17662:0362-4331
17524:The Hague
17312:Brookings
17288:cite book
17251:212893637
17167:18 August
17018:see also
17006:China NBS
16816:6-1 自然资源划
16798:Citations
16482:, on the
16476:North Sea
16474:, on the
16472:Rotterdam
16349:June 2023
16320:does not
16285:West Asia
16226:, and to
16208:Nasreddin
15687:Tumushuke
15045:Dongxiang
15010:1,102,928
14997:1,539,636
14766:Sarikolis
14760:; Muslim
14742:Caucasoid
14676:7,270,067
14665:4,873,608
14654:4,047,000
14643:4,360,000
14632:2,552,000
14621:2,098,000
14535:Mongolian
14203:Guangdong
14119:Wind farm
14011:Confucian
13946:Detik.com
13777:نۇر بەكرى
13766:Nur Bekri
13752:司马义·铁力瓦尔地
13677:Wang Feng
13576:Like all
13506:Xinjiang
13443:Structure
13244:potassium
13202:endorheic
13188:river in
13090:86°40.2′E
13087:46°16.8′N
11317:Tata Pass
11312:Tata Pass
10741:Ityk Pass
10736:Ityk Pass
10293:Erkeshtam
8570:Windy Gap
8565:Windy Gap
8432:Appendix
8391:Islamabad
8343:Karakoram
8309:Ili River
8297:تەڭرى تاغ
8273:July 2019
8244:does not
8211:Tian Shan
8197:Close to
8162:Altay CLC
8059:Korla CLC
7268:2,853,398
7265:3,864,136
6708:巴音郭楞蒙古自治州
6682:博尔塔拉蒙古自治州
6635:Hāmì Shì
6404:Huangtian
6041:1,573,931
6038:13,055.57
5971:1,138,638
5968:94,698.18
5905:2,504,718
5872:4,496,377
5837:72,468.08
5808:2,714,422
5775:1,613,979
5740:24,934.33
5710:1,613,585
5707:73,139.75
5643:67,562.91
5583:4,054,369
5580:13,787.90
5533:CL cities
5518:Districts
5500:Division
5176:Kazakh AP
5143:Kyrgyz AP
5121:Mongol AP
5110:Mongol AP
5098:(Changji)
4933:and five
4892:Kompas TV
4827:program.
4815:In 2014,
4707:terrorism
4575:Chongqing
4564:President
4560:Mao Zemin
4378:Yaqub Beg
4373:provinces
4338:Qing rule
4322:Yettishar
4316:Yettishar
4307:The 1765
4211:Bannermen
4199:Altishahr
3918:Ili Turks
3798:Hong Kong
3732:Han Kitab
3637:Ma Laichi
3617:Ma Buqing
3612:Ma Bufang
3582:Du Wenxiu
3383:Manchuria
3368:Manichean
3364:Beshbalik
3297:with the
3264:man on a
3184:Wang Mang
3009:Qäwrighul
2996:Caucasoid
2985:Qäwrighul
2728:Qing rule
2723:Yettishar
2484:Ili River
2437:Issyk-Kul
2320:Tian Shan
2233:Dzungaria
2188:Silk Road
2133:Altishahr
2066:Xibe name
1813:(Khalkha)
1774:ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ
1326:Sin-kiong
1271:Sān'gēung
1250:Sîn-kiông
1173:Shinjiang
1159:Syīnjyāng
1115:Shinjiang
857:Dzungaria
846:Silk Road
818:Tian Shan
810:Karakoram
762:East Asia
682:.xinjiang
583:Languages
335:Divisions
293:41°N 85°E
29934:Xinjiang
29837:Xinjiang
29827:Mongolia
29803:genocide
29737:Mongolia
29572:Chagatai
29505:Göktürks
29357:Shanghai
29329:Xinjiang
29282:Zhejiang
29262:Shandong
29247:Liaoning
29003:Shuanghe
28979:Huyanghe
28172:Xinjiang
28113:Category
27906:Amursana
27717:Gaochang
27650:Pamirdin
27336:Kara Del
27239:Göktürks
27234:Gaochang
27161:Xinjiang
27079:Pakistan
27028:Xinjiang
26924:Mongolia
26781:Xinjiang
26775:Xinjiang
26763:Sinkiang
26750:Xinjiang
26608:(v. 2);
26600:(v. 1);
26413:Xinjiang
26364:20062627
25474:(1905).
25448:(1899).
25422:(1896).
25232:(2007).
25100:ProQuest
24949:17 April
24357:citation
24246:(2009).
24084:Archived
24047:12 March
24012:Archived
23903:Archived
23879:Archived
23824:Source:
23759:54494505
23640:Archived
23524:Archived
23459:Archived
23420:Archived
23394:Archived
23376:(2000).
23192:Archived
23164:Archived
23136:Archived
23108:Archived
23080:Archived
23049:Archived
23017:Archived
22983:Archived
22979:BBC News
22927:13 April
22891:Archived
22865:Archived
22839:Archived
22813:Archived
22787:Archived
22761:Archived
22735:Archived
22654:Archived
22476:Archived
22367:Archived
22291:Archived
22252:Archived
22220:Archived
22155:19 April
22146:Archived
22118:17 April
22112:Archived
22084:Archived
21944:Archived
21807:Archived
21787:23 March
21737:Archived
21711:Archived
21685:Archived
21658:Archived
21543:Archived
21523:Archived
21504:Archived
21443:Archived
21418:Archived
21371:1 August
21278:BBC News
21252:Archived
21221:Archived
21217:BBC News
21196:19 March
21159:Archived
21121:Archived
21119:. 2011.
21052:Archived
20977:LA Times
20949:Archived
20842:Archived
20810:Archived
20581:Archived
20549:Archived
20532:tourism.
20495:Archived
20490:The Star
20407:Archived
20380:10 April
20352:10 April
20239:Archived
20212:4 August
20206:Archived
20176:Archived
20149:15 April
19927:BBC News
19842:BBC News
19789:27 March
19783:Archived
19751:Archived
19731:BBC News
19511:(1985).
19296:Archived
19196:Archived
19140:Archived
19068:16 April
18979:Archived
18824:Wei Yuan
18779:Archived
18533:Archived
18452:, p. 59.
18345:Yanbulaq
18308:34707286
18243:20163704
18120:33789892
18063:28730957
18055:28595347
17919:贵州通志·前事志
17876:19 March
17847:Xinjiang
17789:(2004).
17700:14 March
17666:Archived
17620:Archived
17586:Archived
17561:22 April
17415:Archived
17386:BBC News
17354:Archived
17318:31 March
17278:12 April
17221:New York
17187:Archived
17137:20 March
16980:Archived
16948:Archived
16917:8 August
16745:SASM/GNC
16732:Xīnjiāng
16588:See also
16543:Yengisar
16525:, Aksu,
16500:Huocheng
16158:theology
16100:Buddhism
16065:Religion
15296:Xinjiang
14909:Changjyi
14640:1936–37
14527:Mandarin
14521:and the
14357:Holocene
14349:Lop Lake
14215:minerals
14207:Liaoning
13988:conflict
13920:a report
13905:BBC News
13809:艾尔肯·吐尼亚孜
13790:雪克来提·扎克尔
13714:铁木尔·达瓦买提
13510:Chairman
13501:Chairman
13420:Politics
13236:Lop Lake
8502:图尔吉斯坦拉山口
8355:Pakistan
8175:Bole CLC
8134:, &
8098:Bole CLC
8033:Gaochang
7981:part of
7934:Huyanghe
7880:Shuanghe
7848:part of
7828:104,746
7787:part of
7766:141,065
7742:part of
7716:part of
7695:263,245
7676:693,988
7652:part of
7626:part of
7601:part of
7575:part of
7549:part of
7528:328,241
7504:part of
7479:part of
7453:part of
7432:673,383
7408:part of
7387:498,587
7363:part of
7342:490,348
7318:part of
7292:part of
7144:Huyanghe
7063:Shuanghe
6838:伊犁哈萨克自治州
6520:新疆维吾尔自治区
6372:Gongqing
6359:Huyanghe
6267:Shuanghe
6142:2,003.00
6109:5,266.00
5612:8,654.08
5523:Counties
5404:Huyanghe
5368:Shuanghe
4954:de facto
4740:endogamy
4674:dual-use
4394:Russians
4390:Tashkent
4254:Wei Yuan
4250:smallpox
4234:Amursana
4157:Tibetans
4145:Muhammad
4099:Dzungars
4087:Timurids
4075:khanates
4036:Kara Del
3939:•
3913:Tibetans
3828:Xinjiang
3697:Zheng He
3652:Ma Wanfu
3587:Hu Dahai
3387:Jurchens
3372:Buddhism
3303:Karasahr
3247:Gaochang
3188:Ban Chao
3151:corridor
3054:and the
2921:Iron Age
2879:Shanshan
2598:Gaochang
2516:Xinjiang
2505:a series
2503:Part of
2486:valley.
2465:Pakistan
2397:Mongolia
2304:Zhenning
2298:region,
2292:Zhaotong
2247:Huijiang
2157:Serindia
2103:Sarikoli
2046:ᠱᡅᠨᡓᡅᡕᠠᡊ
1887:SASM/GNC
1797:SASM/GNC
1768:ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ
1472:Bopomofo
1410:新疆維吾爾自治區
1392:新疆维吾尔自治区
1279:Jyutping
1145:Sinjiang
1095:Bopomofo
1087:Xīnjiāng
1051:Sinkiang
1037:Xīnjiāng
984:Xinjiang
942:into an
940:province
901:Tibetans
893:Russians
798:Pakistan
794:Mongolia
768:and the
744:, is an
738:Xinjiang
434:Chairman
91:新疆维吾尔自治区
56:Xinjiang
29881:Tartary
29671:Beiting
29586:Dzungar
29581:Timurid
29532:Tibetan
29495:Xianbei
29490:Xiongnu
29422:by the
29420:claimed
29362:Tianjin
29347:Beijing
29319:Ningxia
29309:Guangxi
29272:Sichuan
29257:Shaanxi
29252:Qinghai
29237:Jiangxi
29232:Jiangsu
29197:Guizhou
29088:Tibetan
29027:Xinxing
29021:Wujiaqu
28997:Shihezi
28985:Kokdala
28967:Baiyang
28769:Changji
28449:Tacheng
28441:Tacheng
28262:Karamay
28191:capital
28125:Commons
28025:Related
27911:Mingrui
27674:Economy
27645:Youtazi
27625:Dapanji
27617:Cuisine
27579:Culture
27251:Eastern
27247:Western
27202:Xiongnu
27184:History
27175:capital
27117:Qinghai
26783:at the
26616:(ebk.).
26592:(set);
25978:(pbk.).
24133:Sources
24054:desert.
23705:22 June
23198:6 March
23170:6 March
23142:6 March
23114:6 March
22897:22 July
22871:22 July
22845:22 July
22819:22 July
22793:22 July
22767:22 July
22741:22 July
22527:Reuters
22330:Bibcode
22028:Reuters
21950:14 July
21842:22 June
21733:Reuters
21584:29 June
21333:Reuters
21305:Reuters
20848:30 June
20690:22 June
20525:7 March
20052:Reuters
19907:4 March
19877:29 July
19352:22 June
19302:20 July
18953:206–207
18785:10 July
18698:, p. 94
18299:8580821
18270:Bibcode
18234:2838831
18111:8011967
18090:Bibcode
17734:四川民族出版社
17042:22 June
17027:12 June
17012:22 June
16970:"China"
16777:DACLC,
16750:Xinjang
16717:Chinese
16504:Khorgos
16445:Lanzhou
16341:removed
16326:sources
16281:Central
16164:of the
15789:Deaths
15709:Wujiaqu
15643:Shihezi
15345:Karamay
15287:others
15280:Kazakhs
15264:Uyghurs
15149:Russian
15110:Tibetan
15036:169,143
15032:Mongols
15023:199,264
15019:Kirghiz
14913:Bortala
14905:Shihezi
14901:Karamay
14893:Kizilsu
14829:Kashgar
14794:Russian
14459:Culture
14413:Vietnam
14285:raisins
14274:peppers
14262:Yarkand
14187:outlet
14091:Source:
14022:Economy
13922:by the
13695:司马义·艾买提
13663:赛福鼎·艾则孜
13631:赛福鼎·艾则孜
13612:包尔汉·沙希迪
13349:Climate
13323:Shihezi
13313:Karamay
13308:Kashgar
13250:Deserts
13074:Eurasia
13044:Geology
13033:Border
12992:82°36′E
12989:45°12′N
10288:伊尔克什坦口岸
9451:奈扎塔什山隘
9402:75°00′E
9399:37°18′N
9379:克克敖吊克达坂
9255:麦曼约里达坂
9173:4837 m
8894:75°21′E
8891:36°57′N
8265:removed
8250:sources
8149:Usu CLC
7961:20,414
7943:29,891
7925:63,487
7907:69,524
7898:Kokdala
7889:54,731
7871:44,700
7862:Xinxing
7810:85,655
7801:Baiyang
7779:105,855
7760:118,893
7756:Wujiaqu
7734:122,447
7730:Tacheng
7708:125,080
7689:128,056
7670:143,456
7647:112,711
7644:147,301
7619:150,317
7596:131,661
7593:156,437
7570:120,138
7567:177,536
7541:224,471
7522:239,647
7497:262,771
7474:119,804
7471:293,056
7448:310,448
7445:392,730
7429:310,500
7426:426,072
7403:303,938
7400:451,234
7396:Changji
7384:313,768
7381:461,663
7377:Shihezi
7358:284,872
7355:470,601
7339:353,299
7336:481,249
7332:Karamay
7313:425,182
7310:490,961
7287:368,813
7284:654,726
7206:
7198:Baiyang
7179:
7171:Xinxing
7152:
7125:
7098:
7090:Kokdala
7071:
7044:
7017:
6990:
6982:Wujiaqu
6963:
6936:
6909:
6901:Shihezi
6882:
6856:
6830:
6804:
6778:
6752:
6726:
6700:
6674:
6656:昌吉回族自治州
6648:
6622:
6595:
6568:
6560:Karamay
6541:
6510:
6497:Pinyin
6494:Chinese
6485:English
6467:cities
6425:Baiyang
6393:Xinxing
6296:Kokdala
6246:104,746
6220:(Altay)
6178:141,065
6170:Wujiaqu
6145:263,245
6112:328,241
6079:498,587
6071:Shihezi
6005:668,587
5975:Tacheng
5840:622,222
5743:488,198
5714:Changji
5678:673,383
5646:693,988
5615:490,348
5607:Karamay
5428:Baiyang
5416:Xinxing
5380:Kokdala
5332:Wujiaqu
5296:Shihezi
5185:Tacheng
5152:Kashgar
5141:Kizilsu
5108:Bortala
5086:Changji
4925:: four
4900:tourism
4755:clinics
4630:in the
4628:Kabansk
4512:Kashgar
4504:Kashgar
4475:of the
4392:to the
4369:Ningxia
4365:Shaanxi
4118:Siberia
4083:Dughlat
3868:Kazakhs
3863:Uyghurs
3853:Ahmadis
3823:Sichuan
3818:Ningxia
3803:Kashgar
3788:Regions
3742:Shrines
3737:Mosques
3722:Cuisine
3710:Culture
3657:Ma Yize
3647:Ma Qixi
3602:Liu Zhi
3542:present
3448:dynasty
3437:History
3355:Chigils
3351:Karluks
3262:Sogdian
3155:Lop Nor
3028:Xiongnu
2702:Yarkent
2649:Beiting
2550:Xiongnu
2490:History
2389:Qinghai
2243:Dzungar
2085:ᡩᠠᠰᠠᡢᡤᠠ
2079:ᠰᡞᠨᡪᠶᠠᡢ
2052:ᡄᡋᡄᠷᡄᡃᠨ
1940:ᡩᠠᠰᠠᠩᡤᠠ
1840:
1699:Peng'im
1696:Teochew
1679:Hokkien
1337:Peng'im
1334:Teochew
1317:Hokkien
1011:Chinese
905:Uyghurs
889:Mongols
881:Kazakhs
869:Pamiris
842:Qinghai
774:borders
748:of the
675:Website
663:0.762 (
593:Chinese
567:42.24%
561:44.96%
321:Capital
310:Country
226:Kashgar
84:Chinese
29552:Mongol
29547:Kyrgyz
29542:Uyghur
29500:Rouran
29416:Taiwan
29404:Taiwan
29277:Yunnan
29267:Shanxi
29202:Hainan
29182:Fujian
29118:Others
29113:Zhuang
29098:Uyghur
29083:Mongol
29073:Manchu
29068:Korean
29015:Tumxuk
28973:Beitun
28913:Artush
28775:Fukang
28461:Shawan
28390:Kuytun
28384:Korgas
28378:Yining
28295:Turpan
28209:Ürümqi
28187:Ürümqi
28175:Uyghur
27976:Li Zhi
27899:People
27635:Sangza
27471:Cities
27255:Second
27197:Yuezhi
27171:Ürümqi
27163:topics
27100:
27091:Ladakh
27088:
27076:
27064:
27014:
26998:
26982:
26921:
26909:
26897:
26885:
26875:Russia
26872:
26860:
26847:
26714:
26674:
26634:
26623:(1944)
26612:
26604:
26596:
26588:
26579:
26569:
26548:
26527:
26459:
26410:about
26389:
26370:
26362:
26331:
26310:
26289:
26268:
26247:
26226:
26205:
26152:
26119:
26098:
26077:
26056:
26026:
26005:
25974:
25963:
25919:
25898:
25877:
25845:
25824:
25806:
25800:312949
25798:
25767:
25746:
25725:
25704:
25683:
25662:
25641:
25620:
25599:
25578:
25557:
25536:
25507:
25399:13 May
25372:
25340:
25319:
25298:
25277:
25251:
25218:
25197:
25174:
25142:
25121:
25102:
25092:
25071:
25052:
25031:
25010:
24989:
24968:
24920:
24888:
24867:
24846:
24825:
24804:
24783:
24764:13 May
24737:
24716:
24695:
24645:
24624:
24590:
24569:
24503:
24325:
24304:
24285:
24275:
24254:
24232:
24211:
24190:
24169:
24148:
23976:
23941:
23849:14 May
23782:12 May
23757:
23747:
23451:
23086:14 May
23055:14 May
23023:14 May
22713:
22628:
22618:
22482:4 July
22453:
22348:
22214:
22062:10 May
22006:10 May
21978:10 May
21940:Xinhua
21914:
21884:
21874:
21664:7 July
21631:
21623:
21479:
21284:30 May
21092:
21046:
20899:
20782:
20753:
20724:
20664:
20654:
20627:29 May
20324:23 May
19961:22 May
19821:7 July
19575:
19565:
19529:
19491:
19454:
19345:
19266:
19241:
19167:
19111:
18826:, 聖武記
18679:
18650:
18625:
18600:
18575:
18509:
18474:
18448:
18426:
18418:
18365:
18335:
18306:
18296:
18288:
18262:Nature
18241:
18231:
18187:
18147:
18118:
18108:
18088:(14).
18061:
18053:
17805:
17741:
17724:塔吉克汉词典
17660:
17496:
17360:27 May
17249:
17241:
17231:
17090:
16986:3 June
16887:11 May
16861:4 June
16852:
16775:Kuitun
16741:شىنجاڭ
16737:Uyghur
16729::
16727:pinyin
16719::
16496:Yining
16486:. The
16460:Jinghe
16289:Europe
16214:Sports
16170:madhab
16166:Hanafi
16118:
16116:
16110:Taoism
16108:
16106:
16098:
16096:
16088:
16086:
15968:11.40
15945:11.08
15922:11.08
15899:11.47
15876:10.92
15853:10.84
15830:10.57
15613:14.43
15589:16.91
15569:14.80
15556:Ili AP
15508:27.44
15466:10.20
15445:11.56
15424:12.49
15339:13.16
15323:Ürümqi
15242:11,764
15175:Zhuang
15140:12,220
15127:12,301
15114:18,276
15101:15,787
15088:20,915
15084:Manchu
15075:34,105
15062:50,238
15058:Tajiks
15049:72,036
14993:Kazakh
14967:Uyghur
14927:) and
14925:Kuitun
14866:Khotan
14806:Shanxi
14770:Wakhis
14758:Uzbeks
14754:Tatars
14734:+18.5%
14723:+18.2%
14712:+21.8%
14701:+15.9%
14690:+79.9%
14679:+49.2%
14668:+20.4%
14646:+70.8%
14635:+21.6%
14618:1912
14531:Kazakh
14361:potash
14258:Cotton
14248:millet
14131:Khotan
14085:1,380
14007:Taoist
13944:, and
13942:Antara
13901:exposé
13864:, and
13771:努尔·白克力
13485:Title
13384:aspect
13362:Köppen
13333:Artush
13318:Ghulja
13303:Turpan
13298:Ürümqi
13186:Irtysh
13184:Black
12951:5435m
12887:5331m
12823:4284m
12759:4091m
12695:4186m
12631:4083m
12567:4091m
12503:3822m
12439:3780m
12375:3780m
12311:3955m
12247:3783m
12183:3667m
12119:3908m
12055:3903m
11991:3820m
11927:3841m
11863:3638m
11799:3752m
11758:吐尔尕特山口
11735:3945m
11695:苏约克山口
11673:3838m
11609:3625m
11545:3581m
11481:3672m
11417:4086m
11353:4036m
11289:3875m
11225:3786m
11161:4369m
11097:4246m
11033:4191m
10969:4507m
10905:4201m
10841:4067m
10777:4133m
10713:3863m
10649:3836m
10585:3604m
10521:3299m
10457:3306m
10393:3120m
10329:3005m
10263:4284m
10199:4361m
10135:5127m
10071:5217m
10007:5540m
9966:乌孜别里山口
9943:4479m
9879:4251m
9815:4703m
9751:4877m
9687:4538m
9623:4362m
9555:5127m
9491:4476m
9448:纳兹塔什山口
9425:4742m
9357:5427m
9316:托克满苏达坂
9293:4937m
9233:5386m
9109:4827m
9045:4709m
8981:5314m
8917:5467m
8857:4693m
8816:红其拉甫口岸
8734:6013m
8670:5422m
8606:6111m
8479:5540m
8438:喀喇昆仑山口
8429:Elev.
8177:&
8002:Yizhou
7974:11,097
7956:13,874
7952:Beitun
7938:24,769
7920:32,591
7902:39,257
7884:43,263
7866:44,700
7841:44,701
7837:Korgas
7823:77,969
7805:85,655
7782:58,427
7763:75,088
7737:75,122
7711:67,598
7704:Fukang
7692:34,808
7685:Tumxuk
7673:89,719
7666:Turpan
7615:Shawan
7544:20,805
7537:Kuytun
7525:65,175
7280:Yining
7260:Ürümqi
7241:Cities
7009:Beitun
6955:Tumxuk
6587:Turpan
6533:Ürümqi
6488:Uyghur
6463:
6461:
6454:
6452:
6421:659012
6389:659011
6367:29,891
6364:677.94
6355:659010
6338:Yuyuan
6333:63,487
6330:687.13
6321:659009
6304:69,524
6301:979.71
6292:659008
6275:54,731
6272:742.18
6263:659007
6243:590.27
6234:659006
6216:Beitun
6211:20,414
6208:910.50
6203:Beitun
6199:659005
6175:742.00
6166:659004
6137:Tumxuk
6133:659003
6100:659002
6076:456.84
6067:659001
6046:Ürümqi
6030:659000
5993:654300
5959:654200
5941:Yining
5926:654000
5894:653200
5861:653100
5829:653000
5797:652900
5764:652800
5732:652700
5699:652300
5666:650500
5638:Turpan
5634:650400
5603:650200
5575:Ürümqi
5571:650100
5552:Ürümqi
5539:650000
5344:Beitun
5320:Tumxuk
5088:Hui AP
5068:Turpan
4982:Ürümqi
4947:Kyrgyz
4943:Kazakh
4939:Mongol
4929:, six
4877:Urumqi
4796:, the
4792:, the
4788:, the
4784:, the
4679:Since
4516:Khotan
4449:; and
4415:After
4361:Muslim
4346:Oirats
4275:Sayyid
4238:Ghulja
4226:Manchu
4141:Khojas
4108:. The
4095:Oirats
4041:After
3903:Tatars
3898:Uzbeks
3893:Tajiks
3888:Bonans
3878:Kyrgyz
3846:Groups
3833:Xunhua
3808:Linxia
3785:Cities
3726:Uyghur
3662:Ma Zhu
3627:Ma Gui
3411:series
3395:Khitan
3336:Yunnan
3271:Sancai
3235:Yutian
3176:Luntai
3128:Khotan
3109:Niúshì
3088:Guanzi
3072:Uralic
3034:under
3016:Yuezhi
3003:, the
3001:Loulan
2979:, the
2977:Loulan
2950:Indian
2891:Sogdia
2889:, and
2698:Turpan
2603:Rouran
2545:Yuezhi
2507:on the
2425:Almaty
2413:Russia
2385:Ladakh
2300:Anshun
2137:Uyghur
2054:ᠴᠠᠰᠠᡍᡇ
2048:ᡇᡕᡅᡎᡇᠷ
2002:Kyrgyz
1965:Kazakh
1831:Uyghur
1776:ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ
1770:ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ
1720:Fuzhou
1612:Dungan
1358:Fuzhou
1229:Щинҗён
1223:Dungan
1047:Postal
903:, and
885:Kyrgyz
814:Kunlun
804:, and
802:Russia
660:(2022)
607:(2023)
597:Uyghur
563:Uyghur
549:
544:
354:
346:
338:
329:Ürümqi
298:41; 85
235:Turpan
217:Ürümqi
109:Uyghur
29832:Tibet
29815:Amban
29780:Tibet
29742:Tibet
29557:Tatar
29430:(see
29385:Macau
29324:Tibet
29242:Jilin
29227:Hunan
29222:Hubei
29217:Henan
29207:Hebei
29187:Gansu
29177:Anhui
29093:Tujia
28991:Kunyu
28854:Korla
28700:Hotan
28500:Altay
28492:Altay
27655:Xurpa
27640:Samsa
27602:Muqam
27592:Music
27294:Qocho
27243:First
27103:India
27039:Gansu
26962:Naryn
26900:Khovd
26656:8 May
26507:(PDF)
26496:(PDF)
26484:(PDF)
26473:(PDF)
26457:S2CID
26368:S2CID
26360:JSTOR
25804:S2CID
25796:JSTOR
25260:(PDF)
25247:(1).
25237:(PDF)
24943:(PDF)
24936:(PDF)
24676:7 May
24670:(PDF)
24663:(PDF)
24401:[
23882:(PDF)
23871:(PDF)
23739:[
23527:(PDF)
23522:: 1.
23518:(1).
23512:(PDF)
22958:8 May
22149:(PDF)
22138:(PDF)
21629:S2CID
21124:(PDF)
21113:(PDF)
20712:[
20646:[
20611:[
19933:1 May
19706:(PDF)
19691:(PDF)
19343:S2CID
18507:S2CID
18424:S2CID
18059:S2CID
17727:[
16616:Notes
16535:Shule
16478:, to
16256:Roads
16174:Shias
16130:Islam
16102:(32%)
16092:(58%)
16090:Islam
16058:0.56
16040:2021
16019:2020
16014:3.69
15996:2019
15991:6.13
15985:10.69
15973:2018
15962:15.88
15950:2017
15939:15.34
15927:2016
15916:15.59
15904:2015
15893:16.44
15881:2014
15870:15.84
15858:2013
15847:15.32
15835:2012
15824:14.99
15812:2011
15780:Year
15747:3.97
15740:95.96
15733:DACLC
15725:3.55
15718:96.29
15711:DACLC
15703:0.78
15697:31.73
15693:67.49
15689:DACLC
15681:4.38
15674:91.96
15667:DACLC
15659:4.15
15652:94.13
15645:DACLC
15637:5.97
15633:52.76
15629:39.85
15610:26.66
15606:54.66
15586:21.57
15583:35.21
15580:26.30
15566:27.16
15563:40.09
15560:17.95
15550:0.19
15540:96.96
15529:1.42
15519:92.56
15498:66.24
15487:1.36
15481:18.56
15477:80.08
15459:53.31
15455:36.38
15442:10.41
15438:63.27
15434:14.76
15421:10.34
15417:72.28
15403:4.46
15400:10.04
15396:65.49
15392:20.01
15382:6.15
15376:16.84
15372:76.96
15361:5.69
15354:74.67
15350:15.59
15332:71.21
15328:12.85
15306:34.41
15301:51.14
15239:Other
15231:3,266
15227:Salar
15218:3,827
15205:5,183
15201:Tatar
15192:5,447
15179:5,727
15166:7,752
15153:8,024
15123:Uzbek
15097:Tujia
14929:Kumul
14810:Hubei
14802:Hunan
14790:Xibes
14782:Daurs
14728:2020
14717:2010
14706:2000
14695:1990
14684:1982
14673:1964
14662:1954
14657:−7.2%
14651:1947
14629:1928
14509:Media
14338:borax
14244:maize
14240:Wheat
14082:2020
14074:2015
14066:2010
14058:2005
14050:2000
14042:1995
14034:Year
14003:Islam
13541:Born
13516:Name
13508:CPPCC
13410:UTC+6
13406:UTC+8
13343:Korla
13328:Hotan
13232:Tarim
13015:291m
12974:阿拉山口市
12782:别迭里山口
9582:阔勒买口岸
9578:卡拉苏口岸
9384:排依克山口
9381:别伊克山口
9132:瓦根基达坂
9068:基里克达坂
9004:明铁盖达坂
8629:木斯塔山口
8349:, an
7916:Kunyu
7775:Artux
7640:Altay
7467:Hotan
7441:Kashi
7306:Korla
7117:Kunyu
7106:可克达拉市
6971:图木舒克市
6890:阿勒泰地区
6734:阿克苏地区
6576:克拉玛依市
6549:乌鲁木齐市
6325:Kunyu
6009:Altay
5909:Hotan
5876:Kashi
5844:Artux
5779:Korla
5672:city
5640:city
5609:city
5577:city
5509:Seat
5480:(see
5475:India
5392:Kunyu
5196:Altay
5163:Hotan
4866:and
4838:with
4723:heavy
4719:light
4382:Tajik
4286:Afaqi
4206:Kumul
4139:Sufi
4060:Kaidu
3908:Utsul
3883:Salar
3813:Macau
3540:1912–
3381:from
3360:Qocha
3332:Tibet
3320:安西都護府
3243:Qiemo
3239:Guizi
3165:西域都護府
3147:Ordos
3099:Yúshì
3064:Qiang
3048:Kucha
3024:Wusun
2954:mtDNA
2441:Naryn
2393:Gansu
2377:India
2325:Uygur
2221:安西都護府
2183:西域都護府
2081:ᡠᡞᡤᡠᠷ
2039:Oirat
1936:ᡠᡳᡤᡠᡵ
1934:ᠵᡝᠴᡝᠨ
1649:Hakka
1237:Hakka
977:Names
838:Gansu
830:India
782:India
652:CN-XJ
432:CPPCC
315:China
139:XJ /
29790:Qing
29757:Ming
29719:Yuan
29686:Liao
29644:Tang
29537:Zubu
29078:Miao
29058:Dong
29029:city
29023:city
29017:city
29011:city
29005:city
28999:city
28993:city
28987:city
28981:city
28975:city
28969:city
28963:city
28961:Aral
28943:XPCC
28915:city
28856:city
28827:city
28821:city
28819:Bole
28777:city
28771:city
28702:city
28628:city
28574:city
28572:Kuqa
28568:city
28566:Aksu
28558:Aksu
28502:city
28463:city
28457:city
28451:city
28392:city
28386:city
28380:city
27253:and
26964:and
26902:and
26836:and
26712:ISBN
26672:ISBN
26658:2020
26632:ISBN
26610:ISBN
26602:ISBN
26594:ISBN
26586:ISBN
26577:OCLC
26567:ISBN
26546:ISBN
26525:ISBN
26387:ISBN
26329:ISBN
26308:ISBN
26287:ISBN
26266:ISBN
26245:ISBN
26224:ISBN
26203:ISBN
26150:ISBN
26135:2015
26117:ISBN
26096:ISBN
26075:ISBN
26054:ISBN
26024:ISBN
26003:ISBN
25972:ISBN
25961:ISBN
25935:2015
25917:ISBN
25896:ISBN
25875:ISBN
25843:ISBN
25822:ISBN
25765:ISBN
25744:ISBN
25723:ISBN
25702:ISBN
25681:ISBN
25660:ISBN
25639:ISBN
25618:ISBN
25597:ISBN
25576:ISBN
25555:ISBN
25534:ISBN
25505:ISBN
25490:link
25464:link
25438:link
25401:2014
25370:ISBN
25338:ISBN
25317:ISBN
25296:ISBN
25275:ISBN
25249:ISSN
25216:ISBN
25195:ISBN
25172:ISBN
25140:ISBN
25119:ISBN
25090:ISBN
25069:ISBN
25050:ISBN
25029:ISBN
25008:ISBN
24987:ISBN
24966:ISBN
24951:2014
24918:ISBN
24886:ISBN
24865:ISBN
24844:ISBN
24823:ISBN
24802:ISBN
24781:ISBN
24766:2014
24735:ISBN
24714:ISBN
24693:ISBN
24678:2014
24643:ISBN
24622:ISBN
24588:ISBN
24567:ISBN
24501:ISBN
24370:help
24323:ISBN
24302:ISBN
24283:ISSN
24273:ISBN
24252:ISBN
24230:ISBN
24209:ISBN
24188:ISBN
24167:ISBN
24146:ISBN
24122:2021
24092:2017
24049:2024
24020:2020
23985:2020
23974:ISSN
23939:ISBN
23851:2022
23812:2021
23784:2023
23755:OCLC
23745:ISBN
23707:2023
23679:2020
23648:2016
23535:2010
23467:2015
23449:ISBN
23428:2017
23200:2014
23172:2014
23144:2014
23116:2014
23088:2010
23057:2010
23025:2010
22991:2010
22960:2009
22929:2009
22899:2010
22873:2010
22847:2010
22821:2010
22795:2010
22769:2010
22743:2010
22711:ISBN
22688:2008
22662:2008
22626:OCLC
22616:ISBN
22593:2021
22561:2021
22535:2021
22509:2021
22484:2016
22451:ISBN
22432:2021
22394:2021
22346:ISSN
22260:2021
22228:2019
22212:ISSN
22157:2019
22120:2017
22092:2018
22064:2021
22036:2021
22008:2021
21980:2021
21952:2010
21912:ISBN
21882:OCLC
21872:ISBN
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