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2000:
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1023:
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3695:; Bathan, Glynda; Bose-O'Reilly, Stephan; Brauer, Michael; Caravanos, Jack; Chiles, Tom; Cohen, Aaron; Corra, Lilian; Cropper, Maureen; Ferraro, Greg; Hanna, Jill; Hanrahan, David; Hu, Howard; Hunter, David; Janata, Gloria; Kupka, Rachael; Lanphear, Bruce; Lichtveld, Maureen; Martin, Keith; Mustapha, Adetoun; Sanchez-Triana, Ernesto; Sandilya, Karti; Schaefli, Laura; Shaw, Joseph; Seddon, Jessica; Suk, William; Téllez-Rojo, Martha María; Yan, Chonghuai (June 2022).
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1795:, is sometimes referred to as pollution, because raised levels of the gas in the atmosphere are affecting the Earth's climate. Disruption of the environment can also highlight the connection between areas of pollution that would normally be classified separately, such as those of water and air. Recent studies have investigated the potential for long-term rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide to cause slight but critical
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the dirt and smoke produced by the steel manufacturing firm. If external costs exist, such as those created by pollution, the manufacturer will choose to produce more of the product than would be produced if the manufacturer were required to pay all associated environmental costs. Because responsibility or consequence for self-directed action lies partly outside the self, an element of
50:
1806:(IPCC), representing the work of 2,500 scientists, economists, and policymakers from more than 120 countries, confirmed that humans have been the primary cause of global warming since 1950. Humans have ways to cut greenhouse gas emissions and avoid the consequences of global warming, a major climate report concluded. But to change the climate, the transition from
2620:, less of the good may be produced than would be the case if the producer were to receive payment for the external benefits to others. Goods and services that involve negative externalities in production, such as those that produce pollution, tend to be overproduced and underpriced since the externality is not being priced into the market.
1546:
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2857:) from air pollution in 2015 at 2.9 years (substantially more than, for example, 0.3 years from all forms of direct violence), it also indicated that a significant fraction of the LLE is unavoidable in terms of current economical-technological feasibility such as aeolian dust and wildfire emission control.
6300:
Akhtar, Muhammad Furqan; Ashraf, Muhammad; Javeed, Aqeel; Anjum, Aftab Ahmad; Sharif, Ali; Saleem, Mohammad; Mustafa, Ghulam; Ashraf, Moneeb; Saleem, Ammara; Akhtar, Bushra (28 February 2018). "Association of textile industry effluent with mutagenicity and its toxic health implications upon acute and
1888:
concluded that energy-related fossil fuel emissions in the United States cause 46,900–59,400 premature deaths each year and PM2.5-related illness and death costs the nation $ 537–$ 678 billion annually. In the US, deaths caused by coal pollution were highest in 1999, but decreased sharply after 2007.
3037:
government brought in its scientists, engineers, and urban planners to not only solve the deficiencies, but to forge Berlin as the world's model city. A British expert in 1906 concluded that Berlin represented "the most complete application of science, order and method of public life," adding "it is
1990:
The health impacts of pollution have both direct and lasting social consequences. A 2021 study found that exposure to pollution causes an increase in violent crime. A 2019 paper linked pollution to adverse school outcomes for children. A number of studies show that pollution has an adverse effect on
1881:
alone because of air pollution. China's high smog levels can damage the human body and cause various diseases. In 2019, air pollution caused 1.67 million deaths in India (17.8% of total deaths nationally). Studies have estimated that the number of people killed annually in the United States could be
1735:
are the source of many chemical substances entering the soil environment (and often groundwater), emanating from the wide variety of refuse accepted, especially substances illegally discarded there, or from pre-1970 landfills that may have been subject to little control in the U.S. or EU. There have
1222:
and now threaten entire ecosystems around the world. Pollutants frequently have outsized impacts on vulnerable populations, such as children and the elderly, and marginalized communities, because polluting industries and toxic waste sites tend to be collocated with populations with less economic and
2611:
in production. A negative externality in production occurs "when a firm's production reduces the well-being of others who are not compensated by the firm." For example, if a laundry firm exists near a polluting steel manufacturing firm, there will be increased costs for the laundry firm because of
1527:
Water pollution, caused by the discharge of industrial wastewater from commercial and industrial waste (intentionally or through spills) into surface waters; discharges of untreated sewage and chemical contaminants, such as chlorine, from treated sewage; and releases of waste and contaminants into
1755:
Plastic pollution is choking our oceans by making plastic gyres, entangling marine animals, poisoning our food and water supply, and ultimately inflicting havoc on the health and well-being of humans and wildlife globally. With the exception of a small amount that has been incinerating, virtually
3023:
Waste-water from the houses collected in the gutters running alongside the curbs and emitted a truly fearsome smell. There were no public toilets in the streets or squares. Visitors, especially women, often became desperate when nature called. In the public buildings the sanitary facilities were
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Chlorinated hydrocarbons (CFH), heavy metals (such as chromium, cadmium – found in rechargeable batteries, and lead – found in lead paint, aviation fuel, and even in certain countries, gasoline), MTBE, zinc, arsenic, and benzene are some of the most frequent soil contaminants. A series of press
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from pollution; otherwise, there would be no incentive to pollute. This utility may come from the consumption of goods and services that inherently create pollution (albeit the level can vary) or lower prices or lower required efforts (or inconvenience) to abandon or substitute these goods and
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defines pollution as "Any substances in water, soil, or air that degrade the natural quality of the environment, offend the senses of sight, taste, or smell, or cause a health hazard. The usefulness of the natural resource is usually impaired by the presence of pollutants and contaminants." In
1238:
Because of the impacts of these chemicals, local and international countries' policy have increasingly sought to regulate pollutants, resulting in increasing air and water quality standards, alongside regulation of specific waste streams. Regional and national policy is typically supervised by
1849:
Pollution affects humans in every part of the world. An
October 2017 study by the Lancet Commission on Pollution and Health found that global pollution, specifically toxic air, water, soil and workplaces, kills nine million people annually, which is triple the number of deaths caused by AIDS,
1751:
Pollution can also occur as a result of natural disasters. Hurricanes, for example, frequently result in sewage contamination and petrochemical spills from burst boats or automobiles. When coastal oil rigs or refineries are involved, larger-scale and environmental damage is not unusual. When
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2777:
which can cause large economic problems. The problem usually occurs when there is no division of ownership rights. This means that the problem of pollution is largely caused because of incomplete information about which company pollutes and at what scale the damage was caused by the
6444:
Behera, Meerambika; Nayak, Jayato; Banerjee, Shirsendu; Chakrabortty, Sankha; Tripathy, Suraj K. (1 August 2021). "A review on the treatment of textile industry waste effluents towards the development of efficient mitigation strategy: An integrated system design approach".
3242:
in 1984 have demonstrated the universality of such events and the scale on which efforts to address them needed to engage. The borderless nature of atmosphere and oceans inevitably resulted in the implication of pollution on a planetary level with the issue of
3259:
among others. Though their effects remain somewhat less well understood owing to a lack of experimental data, they have been detected in various ecological habitats far removed from industrial activity such as the Arctic, demonstrating diffusion and
2623:
Pollution can also create costs for the firms producing the pollution. Sometimes firms choose, or are forced by regulation, to reduce the amount of pollution that they are producing. The associated costs of doing this are called abatement costs, or
2833:
to determine which level of pollution is deemed the social optimum. For economists, pollution is an "external cost and occurs only when one or more individuals suffer a loss of welfare". There is a socially optimal level of pollution at which
2178:
from the adverse effects of pollution, many nations worldwide have enacted legislation to regulate various types of pollution as well as to mitigate the adverse effects of pollution. At the local level, regulation usually is supervised by
3057:
took issue with air pollution caused by coal burning, water pollution caused by bad sanitation, and street pollution caused by the three million horses who worked in
American cities in 1900, generating large quantities of urine and
2872:
intersect gives the socially optimal level of pollution. At this point, the quantity will be lower and the price will be higher in comparison to the free market equilibrium. Therefore, the free market outcome could be considered a
1731:
reports published in 2001, culminating in the publication of the book
Fateful Harvest, revealed a widespread practise of recycling industrial leftovers into fertilizer, resulting in metal poisoning of the soil. Ordinary municipal
2640:, an international non-for-profit organization dedicated to eliminating life-threatening pollution in the developing world, issues an annual list of some of the world's most polluting industries. Below is the list for 2016:
2757:, causing "carcinogenic, mutagenic, genotoxic, cytotoxic and allergenic threats to living organisms". The textile industry uses over 8000 chemicals in its supply chain, also polluting the environment with large amounts of
2202:
The modern environmental regulatory environment has its origins in the United States with the beginning of industrial regulations around Air and Water pollution connected to industry and mining during the 1960s and 1970s.
1214:, having systematic impact on social and economic systems. In 2019, pollution killed approximately nine million people worldwide (about one in six deaths that year); about three-quarters of these deaths were caused by
1543:
3092:
from atomic warfare and testing. Then a non-nuclear event – the Great Smog of 1952 in London – killed at least 4000 people. This prompted some of the first major modern environmental legislation: the
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6545:
1574:, which are capable of killing humans at concentrations of less than 1 part per thousand. Volcanic emissions also include fine and ultrafine particles which may contain toxic chemicals and substances such as
3748:; Bathan, Glynda; Bose-O'Reilly, Stephan; Brauer, Michael; Caravanos, Jack; Chiles, Tom; Cohen, Aaron; Corra, Lilian; Cropper, Maureen; Ferraro, Greg; Hanna, Jill; Hanrahan, David; Hu, Howard (17 May 2022).
1916:. In 2013 over 10 million people in India fell ill with waterborne illnesses in 2013, and 1,535 people died, most of them children. As of 2007, nearly 500 million Chinese lack access to safe drinking water.
10356:
10201:
5240:; Bathan, Glynda; Bose-O'Reilly, Stephan; Brauer, Michael; Caravanos, Jack; Chiles, Tom; Cohen, Aaron; Corra, Lilian; Cropper, Maureen; Ferraro, Greg; Hanna, Jill; Hanrahan, David; Hu, Howard (June 2022).
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form, such as radio and television transmissions, Wi-fi etc. Although there is no demonstrable effect on humans there can be interference with radio-astronomy and effects on safety systems of aircraft and
7317:
1850:
tuberculosis and malaria combined, and 15 times higher than deaths caused by wars and other forms of human violence. The study concluded that "pollution is one of the great existential challenges of the
10314:
10109:
5069:; Mathur, Prashant; Dey, Sagnik; Turkgulu, Burak; Kumar, G Anil; Khare, Mukesh; Beig, Gufran; Gupta, Tarun; Krishnankutty, Rinu P; Causey, Kate; Cohen, Aaron J; Bhargava, Stuti (21 December 2020).
7237:
Falchi, Fabio; Cinzano, Pierantonio; Duriscoe, Dan; Kyba, Christopher C. M.; Elvidge, Christopher D.; Baugh, Kimberly; Portnov, Boris A.; Rybnikova, Nataliya A.; Furgoni, Riccardo (1 June 2016).
3203:, especially in the earlier stages of their development. The toll on the worst-affected populations and the growth since then in understanding about the critical threat to human health posed by
5210:
10221:
9644:
7185:
6250:
Kishor, Roop; Purchase, Diane; Saratale, Ganesh
Dattatraya; Saratale, Rijuta Ganesh; Ferreira, Luiz Fernando Romanholo; Bilal, Muhammad; Chandra, Ram; Bharagava, Ram Naresh (1 April 2021).
1558:, which during eruptions release large quantities of harmful gases into the atmosphere. Volcanic gases include carbon dioxide, which can be fatal in large concentrations and contributes to
10324:
2868:
If the social costs of pollution are higher than the private costs incurred by the firm, then the true supply curve will be higher. The point at which the social marginal cost and market
6223:
Madhav, Sughosh; Ahamad, Arif; Singh, Pardeep; Mishra, Pradeep Kumar (March 2018). "A review of textile industry: Wet processing, environmental impacts, and effluent treatment methods".
4085:
2853:
Moreover, the feasibility of pollution reduction rates could also be a factor of calculating optimal levels. While a study puts the global mean loss of life expectancy (LLE; similar to
1284:
considers pollution to be the "presence of substances and heat in environmental media (air, water, land) whose nature, location, or quantity produces undesirable environmental effects."
9766:
8378:
803:
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8603:
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in 1272, after its smoke became a problem; the fuel was so common in
England that this earliest of names for it was acquired because it could be carted away from some shores by the
982:
10351:
10268:
8598:
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could exist for hundreds or even thousands of years. If plastic production is not circumscribed, plastic pollution will be disastrous and will eventually outweigh fish in oceans.
977:
10403:
10388:
10206:
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that many or most market-driven companies use despite "eco-friendly alternatives". Textile industry wastewater is considered to be one the largest polluters of water and soil
1682:. Agricultural air pollution comes from contemporary practices which include clear felling and burning of natural vegetation as well as spraying of pesticides and herbicides.
1532:
flowing to surface waters (including urban runoff and agricultural runoff, which may contain chemical fertilizers and pesticides, as well as human feces from open defecation).
5300:
3286:
Pollution introduced by light at night is becoming a global problem, more severe in urban centres, but nonetheless contaminating also large territories, far away from towns.
1756:
every piece of plastic that was ever made in the past still exists in one form or another. And since most of the plastics do not biodegrade in any meaningful sense, all that
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5318:
7338:
3062:. As historian Martin Melosi notes, the generation that first saw automobiles replacing the horses saw cars as "miracles of cleanliness". By the 1940s, automobile-caused
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2818:
services. Therefore, it is important that policymakers attempt to balance these indirect benefits with the costs of pollution in order to achieve an efficient outcome.
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were the first two
American cities to enact laws ensuring cleaner air in 1881. Pollution became a major issue in the United States in the early twentieth century, as
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9637:
5127:
4951:
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10176:
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2394:, Germany. The framework includes 28 targets, for example, to "end the use of hazardous pesticides in agriculture where the risks have not been managed" by 2035.
7129:
Friedman, Sharon M. (2011). "Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, and
Fukushima: An analysis of traditional and new media coverage of nuclear accidents and radiation".
2938:" found on ceilings of prehistoric caves provides ample evidence of the high levels of pollution that was associated with inadequate ventilation of open fires."
2191:
about pollution. Historically, polluters will lobby governments in less economically developed areas or countries to maintain lax regulation in order to protect
1912:
is an issue, for example, over 732 million
Indians (56% of the population) and over 92 million Ethiopians (92.9% of the population) do not have access to basic
9500:
5006:
Maji, Kamal Jyoti; Arora, Mohit; Dikshit, Anil Kumar (1 April 2017). "Burden of disease attributed to ambient PM2.5 and PM10 exposure in 190 cities in China".
4498:
3360:
10285:
4267:
Trejos, Erika M.; Silva, Luis F. O.; Hower, James C.; Flores, Eriko M. M.; González, Carlos Mario; Pachón, Jorge E.; Aristizábal, Beatriz H. (1 March 2021).
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1596:, are also a significant source of air pollution. Wildfire smoke contains significant quantities of both carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, which can cause
3663:
9630:
4449:
3920:
3275:. It and other garbage patches contain debris that can trsonport invasive species and that can entangle and be ingested by wildlife. Organizations such as
2984:
It was the
Industrial Revolution that gave birth to environmental pollution as we know it today. London also recorded one of the earlier extreme cases of
1089:
that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of any substance (solid, liquid, or gas) or energy (such as radioactivity, heat, sound, or light).
10181:
10045:
10035:
9653:
6252:"Ecotoxicological and health concerns of persistent coloring pollutants of textile industry wastewater and treatment approaches for environmental safety"
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1810:
like coal and oil needs to occur within decades, according to the final report this year from the UN's
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
4867:
3084:
Air pollution would continue to be a problem in England, especially later during the industrial revolution, and extending into the recent past with the
11386:
10291:
9776:
4378:
Data sources: Markandya & Wilkinson (2007); UNSCEAR (2008; 2018); Sovacool et al. (2016); IPCC AR5 (2014); Pehl et al. (2017); Ember Energy (2021).
5889:
11376:
5545:
Li, Teng; Liu, Haoming; Salvo, Alberto (29 May 2015). "Severe Air Pollution and Labor Productivity". Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network.
2628:
if measured by each additional unit. In 2005 pollution abatement capital expenditures and operating costs in the US amounted to nearly $ 27 billion.
10279:
9678:
9673:
7367:– tracks how much waste US companies release into the water and air. Gives permits for releasing specific quantities of these pollutants each year.
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accidents occur, some pollution sources, such as nuclear power stations or oil ships, can create extensive and potentially catastrophic emissions.
10171:
9756:
8712:
4834:
4390:
2329:, heating, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, transportation and other human activities, whether they accumulate or disperse, will degrade the
2205:
Because many of pollutants have trans-boundary impacts, the UN and other treaty bodies have been used to regulate pollutants that circulate as
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10273:
9791:
9786:
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987:
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7342:
6883:
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Hong, Sungmin; et al. (1996). "History of Ancient Copper Smelting Pollution During Roman and Medieval Times Recorded in Greenland Ice".
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Other cities followed around the country until early in the 20th century, when the short lived Office of Air Pollution was created under the
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10020:
2221:, which banned Ozone depleting chemicals in 1987, with more recent agreements focusing on broader, more widely dispersed chemicals such as
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10393:
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impose health and clean-up costs on the whole of society. A manufacturing activity that causes air pollution is an example of a negative
1065:
753:
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could be developed and enforced to control pollution. A review concluded that there is a lack of attention and action such as work on a
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9967:
9438:
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4648:
4242:
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2701:
8991:
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The burning of coal and wood, and the presence of many horses in concentrated areas made the cities the primary sources of pollution.
10129:
10055:
9728:
8996:
6038:
5155:"Nationwide and Regional PM2.5-Related Air Quality Health Benefits From the Removal of Energy-Related Emissions in the United States"
1803:
4208:
Ahmed, Jebin; Thakur, Abhijeet; Goyal, Arun (2021), Shah, Maulin P (ed.), "CHAPTER 1. Industrial Wastewater and Its Toxic Effects",
3100:
Pollution began to draw major public attention in the United States between the mid-1950s and early 1970s, when Congress passed the
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10050:
9997:
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9913:
9771:
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are generated each year. The United States alone produces about 250 million metric tons. Americans constitute less than 5% of the
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10471:
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Dr A. Shadwell (Industrial Efficiency, London, 1906) describes it as representing "the most complete application of science.... "
4373:
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1854:
era. Pollution endangers the stability of the Earth's support systems and threatens the continuing survival of human societies."
1671:
1276:
3945:
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far exceeded viability of neighborhoods to handle their waste problem. Reformers began to demand sewer systems and clean water.
2741:
world of mostly free market dominated socioeconomic systems. Chemically polluted textile wastewater degrades the quality of the
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10752:
10418:
10413:
10296:
4914:
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unbelievably primitive....As a metropolis, Berlin did not emerge from a state of barbarism into civilization until after 1870.
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pose a lingering specter of public mistrust. Worldwide publicity has been intense on those disasters. Widespread support for
2015:
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Although environmental pollution can be caused by natural events, the word pollution generally implies that the contaminants
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10378:
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10015:
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9761:
9128:
7881:
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246:
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3211:. Though extreme care is practiced in that industry, the potential for disaster suggested by incidents such as those at
2945:
appears to be a key turning point in the creation of significant air pollution levels outside the home. Core samples of
10509:
10263:
10104:
10084:
9600:
8611:
8588:
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7341:– Geographic Information System (GIS) that uses maps of the United States to help users visually explore data from the
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2905:
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323:
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is maximized. This is because consumers derive utility from the good or service manufactured, which will outweigh the
2791:, beyond being a major driver of climate change whereby greenhouse gases are considered per se as a form of pollution
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11025:
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10211:
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9001:
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Nimkar, Ullhas (1 February 2018). "Sustainable chemistry: A solution to the textile industry in a developing world".
4842:
3340:
3113:
823:
728:
38:
17:
6389:"Pollution characteristics and fate of microfibers in the wastewater from textile dyeing wastewater treatment plant"
1884:
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Lelieveld, Jos; Pozzer, Andrea; Pöschl, Ulrich; Fnais, Mohammed; Haines, Andy; Münzel, Thomas (1 September 2020).
4111:
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10770:
10747:
10138:
10119:
9982:
9571:
9505:
9022:
8326:
8063:
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7382:
7373:– Top 20 pollutants, how they affect people, what US industries use them and the products in which they are found
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3298:
2788:
2554:
2529:
1967:
have been shown to cause neurological problems, intellectual disabilities and behavioural problems. Chemical and
1956:
1125:
1097:
1058:
768:
531:
113:
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Growing evidence of local and global pollution and an increasingly informed public over time have given rise to
2787:
Outdoor air pollution attributable to fossil fuel use alone causes ~3.61 million deaths annually, making it one
11597:
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11366:
11178:
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10143:
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says that the meat and dairy industries are poised to surpass the oil industry as the world's worst polluters.
1737:
1715:
1350:
1224:
7322:
1093:, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants.
11609:
11249:
11020:
10134:
9781:
8986:
8661:
8636:
7941:
7326:
5361:
5071:"Health and economic impact of air pollution in the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019"
4871:
3798:
3501:
3159:
3105:
2946:
1878:
1705:
1650:, and Japan are the world leaders in air pollution emissions. Principal stationary pollution sources include
1256:
1003:
453:
11679:
5211:"Particulate pollution from coal associated with double the risk of mortality than PM2.5 from other sources"
3142:
on consumption of its fish in 1974. National news stories in the late 1970s – especially the long-term
2842:
of pollution until a certain point. At this point the damage of one extra unit of pollution to society, the
2771:
to commit to achieving zero discharges of hazardous chemicals by 2020 (global goal) appears to have failed.
1959:. Those with heart or lung disorders are at additional risk. Children and infants are also at serious risk.
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10841:
10373:
10368:
8112:
7861:
7841:
7593:
7119:
Lenssen, "Nuclear Waste: The Problem that Won't Go Away", Worldwatch Institute, Washington, D.C., 1991: 15.
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and the large volume of industrial chemical discharges added to the growing load of untreated human waste.
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2222:
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change in natural water bodies caused by human influence, such as use of water as coolant in a power plant.
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1160:
541:
393:
368:
163:
6168:"A review on the sustainability of textile industries wastewater with and without treatment methodologies"
6120:
Niinimäki, Kirsi; Peters, Greg; Dahlbo, Helena; Perry, Patsy; Rissanen, Timo; Gwilt, Alison (April 2020).
4723:
Beychok, Milton R. (January 1987). "A data base for dioxin and furan emissions from refuse incinerators".
3088:. Awareness of atmospheric pollution spread widely after World War II, with fears triggered by reports of
3041:
The emergence of great factories and consumption of immense quantities of coal gave rise to unprecedented
2880:
This model can be used as a basis to evaluate different methods of internalizing the externality, such as
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10878:
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10775:
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World Resources Institute: August 2008 Monthly Update: Air Pollution's Causes, Consequences and Solutions
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2003:
1501:
1400:: the criminal throwing of inappropriate man-made objects, unremoved, onto public and private properties.
652:
403:
11747:
6539:
Lelieveld, J.; Klingmüller, K.; Pozzer, A.; Burnett, R. T.; Haines, A.; Ramanathan, V. (25 March 2019).
3521:
2761:
and has been identified in one review as the industry sector producing the largest amount of pollution.
11623:
11331:
11256:
11161:
10697:
10243:
10114:
9843:
9708:
9417:
8842:
8775:
8645:
8545:
8468:
7876:
7706:
7536:
3434:
3355:
3212:
2480:
1051:
408:
258:
31:
5781:
4139:"Freshwater Pollution in Some Nigerian Local Communities, Causes, Consequences and Probable Solutions"
3279:
and the Algalita Marine Research Foundation have researched the Great Pacific Garbage Patch and found
11453:
11448:
11316:
11015:
10722:
10680:
10644:
10551:
9685:
9327:
9151:
8940:
8832:
8348:
8306:
8268:
7833:
7627:
4387:
4339:
4138:
3586:
3174:
2330:
2175:
2010:
1469:
1372:
1368:
1192:
1133:
783:
748:
708:
361:
328:
178:
6733:"Loss of life expectancy from air pollution compared to other risk factors: a worldwide perspective"
5571:
4564:
4002:
3038:
a marvel of civic administration, the most modern and most perfectly organized city that there is."
2217:. Early international agreements were successful at addressing Global Environmental issues, such as
11291:
10990:
10702:
10598:
9332:
9121:
8915:
8864:
8859:
8854:
8343:
7866:
7807:
7718:
7346:
7212:
5733:"Low-cost air, noise, and light pollution measuring station with wireless communication and tinyML"
5731:
Botero-Valencia, J.S.; Barrantes-Toro, C.; Marquez-Viloria, D.; Pearce, Joshua M. (December 2023).
4661:
4166:
Englande, A.J.; Krenkel, Peter; Shamas, J. (2015), "Wastewater Treatment &Water Reclamation☆",
3310:
3131:
2502:
2418:
2310:
1769:
1463:
778:
398:
333:
270:
4544:
2821:
2470:
1476:, such as nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons research, manufacture and deployment. (See
11696:
11562:
11489:
11321:
10341:
10253:
10153:
9274:
8827:
8750:
8555:
8321:
7851:
7402:
5905:
4952:"Global pollution is the world's biggest killer and a threat to survival of mankind, study finds"
4784:
3350:
2830:
2768:
2625:
2569:
2559:
2497:
2238:
2092:) that can alter soil and chemical compositions of an environment, often reducing native species
1647:
1640:
1628:
1505:
1451:
808:
763:
383:
2718:
1919:
Acute exposure to certain pollutants can have short and long term effects. Oil spills can cause
1712:, while still far behind based on per capita pollution (ranked 78th among the world's nations).
11585:
11557:
11336:
11060:
10546:
10457:
9807:
9657:
9443:
9401:
9396:
9279:
9156:
8884:
8514:
7904:
6952:
3516:
3294:
2997:
2738:
2242:
1948:
1866:
1644:
1632:
1438:
occurs when chemicals are released by spill or underground leakage. Among the most significant
1228:
1218:. A 2022 literature review found that levels of anthropogenic chemical pollution have exceeded
1117:
1113:
946:
433:
9622:
6788:
Spengler, John D.; Sexton, K. A. (1983). "Indoor Air Pollution: A Public Health Perspective".
6541:"Effects of fossil fuel and total anthropogenic emission removal on public health and climate"
5550:
4030:
1824:
1267:
Various definitions of pollution exist, which may or may not recognize certain types, such as
1159:
in the later half of the 20th century. Sites where historically polluting industries released
11542:
11326:
10861:
10762:
10655:
10504:
10306:
9510:
9374:
9213:
8849:
8721:
8484:
8316:
8192:
8100:
7790:
7683:
7483:
6999:
6094:"Meat and dairy companies to surpass oil industry as world's biggest polluters, report finds"
5558:
5347:
4589:
3531:
3466:
2765:
2750:
2654:
2644:
2492:
2380:
2360:
2093:
1690:
1517:
916:
758:
624:
536:
233:
7081:
6971:. Vol. 03 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 785–791, see page 786.
6879:
5782:"Low cost air pollution monitoring systems: A review of protocols and enabling technologies"
5587:"The Effect of Pollution on Worker Productivity: Evidence from Call Center Workers in China"
4857:(graph on Mongabay website page based on Energy Information Administration's tabulated data)
1836:
11517:
11301:
11166:
11132:
11080:
10905:
10900:
10846:
10802:
10692:
10630:
10519:
10514:
9540:
9495:
9463:
9458:
9384:
9359:
9315:
8837:
8822:
8817:
8291:
7946:
7642:
7364:
7262:
7138:
6844:
6799:
6554:
5697:
5685:
5445:"Does Pollution Drive Achievement? The Effect of Traffic Pollution on Academic Performance"
5237:
5166:
5066:
5015:
4732:
4280:
3872:
3745:
3692:
3571:
3335:
3325:
3320:
3182:
3078:
2949:
indicate increases in pollution associated with Greek, Roman, and Chinese metal production.
2637:
2613:
2546:
2267:
2196:
2184:
2180:
2020:
1909:
1287:
1240:
1219:
1211:
458:
191:
5387:
5153:
Mailloux, Nicholas A.; Abel, David W.; Holloway, Tracey; Patz, Jonathan A. (16 May 2022).
4854:
8:
11730:
11527:
11522:
11296:
11095:
11085:
10920:
10529:
10363:
9611:
9389:
9220:
9171:
9114:
8910:
8735:
8358:
8296:
8263:
8202:
8134:
7999:
7994:
7972:
7546:
6513:
3155:
3089:
2961:
2475:
2060:
1999:
1932:
1862:
1796:
1141:
1086:
793:
738:
703:
629:
556:
506:
501:
486:
143:
7266:
7142:
6848:
6803:
6558:
6064:
5757:
5732:
5701:
5170:
5019:
4736:
4284:
3876:
3636:
Gaur, Nidhi; Sharma, Swati; Yadav, Nitin (2024). "Chapter 2 - Environmental pollution".
11783:
11637:
11149:
10732:
10581:
10094:
9923:
9515:
9453:
9241:
9230:
9208:
9203:
9192:
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8671:
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8540:
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8353:
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8024:
7896:
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7531:
7458:
7395:
7291:
7252:
7238:
7154:
6860:
6765:
6732:
6711:
6661:
6590:
6577:
6540:
6470:
6426:
6334:
6282:
6205:
5666:
5638:
5619:
5522:
5489:
5470:
5425:
5187:
5154:
5103:
5047:
4984:
4814:
4758:
4316:
4194:
4175:
3990:
3893:
3860:
3726:
3645:
3426:
3272:
3216:
3094:
3085:
2413:
2334:
2214:
2117:
1675:
1435:
1326:
1188:
1027:
788:
664:
426:
208:
148:
118:
67:
6957:
5639:"Severe Air Pollution and Labor Productivity: Evidence from Industrial Towns in China"
5258:
5241:
5086:
4369:
3766:
3749:
3713:
3696:
3610:
11311:
11306:
11234:
11183:
10957:
10937:
10925:
10885:
10856:
10824:
10742:
10635:
10603:
10499:
9490:
9364:
9257:
9166:
9077:
8925:
8560:
8420:
8240:
8149:
8117:
8034:
7987:
7914:
7886:
7655:
7650:
7448:
7296:
7278:
7158:
7005:
6864:
6835:
6815:
6790:
6770:
6752:
6699:
6689:
6649:
6639:
6582:
6474:
6462:
6418:
6410:
6369:
6326:
6318:
6286:
6274:
6197:
6189:
6141:
5995:
5985:
5962:
5952:
5826:
5801:
5762:
5713:
5658:
5611:
5546:
5527:
5509:
5474:
5429:
5417:
5271:
5263:
5192:
5108:
5090:
5039:
5031:
4818:
4806:
4744:
4604:
4514:
4504:
4443:
4320:
4308:
4223:
4179:
3976:
3898:
3779:
3771:
3730:
3718:
3551:
3407:
3101:
3001:
2923:
2893:
2742:
2684:
2664:
2368:
2314:
2218:
2192:
2188:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1620:
use (areas of rectangles in chart) greatly exceed those resulting from production of
1612:
1583:
1487:
1425:
1387:
1196:
1184:
1148:
1129:
676:
599:
592:
546:
413:
203:
198:
108:
6594:
6430:
6209:
6121:
5670:
5051:
4911:
1167:
long after the source of the pollution is stopped. Major forms of pollution include
11476:
11229:
11188:
11000:
10975:
10787:
10717:
10561:
10437:
9665:
9566:
9561:
9347:
9342:
9225:
9181:
8970:
8960:
8955:
8945:
8930:
8504:
8405:
8363:
8331:
8225:
8179:
8139:
8046:
8014:
7982:
7967:
7951:
7926:
7711:
7665:
7286:
7270:
7243:
7146:
6852:
6807:
6760:
6744:
6572:
6562:
6454:
6400:
6361:
6338:
6310:
6266:
6232:
6179:
6133:
5793:
5752:
5744:
5705:
5650:
5623:
5601:
5517:
5501:
5460:
5452:
5407:
5399:
5253:
5182:
5174:
5098:
5082:
5023:
4796:
4740:
4679:
Ranking of the world's countries by 2008 per capita fossil-fuel CO2 emission rates.
4298:
4288:
4213:
4189:
4171:
4146:
3888:
3880:
3761:
3708:
3641:
3476:
3315:
3290:
3034:
2909:
2847:
2764:
A campaign of big clothing brands like Nike, Adidas and Puma to voluntarily reform
2734:
2669:
2592:
2535:
2524:
2453:
2338:
2279:
2081:
2030:
1874:
1621:
1593:
1571:
1497:
1439:
1415:
1334:
1204:
1164:
1109:
936:
833:
773:
659:
612:
561:
521:
496:
481:
463:
438:
378:
263:
213:
6387:
Xu, Xia; Hou, Qingtong; Xue, Yingang; Jian, Yun; Wang, LiPing (20 November 2018).
5730:
4930:
4902:
Submitted by Matt Kallman on Wed, 20 August 2008 18:22. Retrieved on 17 April 2009
4624:
4472:
1877:. A 2010 analysis estimated that 1.2 million people died prematurely each year in
11537:
11239:
11042:
11035:
10970:
10910:
10792:
10782:
10712:
10685:
10670:
10625:
10615:
10566:
10248:
10007:
9576:
9337:
8889:
8810:
8740:
8368:
8278:
8244:
8129:
8083:
8009:
7936:
7856:
7759:
7701:
7556:
6856:
6098:
5820:
4937:
4918:
4899:
4838:
4685:
4600:
4551:
4394:
3614:
3561:
3458:
3261:
3239:
3196:
3109:
3054:
2749:. The pollution comes from the type of conduct of chemical treatments used e.g.,
2746:
2679:
2580:
2372:
2326:
2246:
2210:
1901:
1897:
1889:
The number dropped by about 95% by 2020, as coal plants have been closed or have
1686:
1403:
1383:
1318:
1268:
1200:
1180:
1172:
721:
681:
551:
516:
448:
388:
316:
253:
153:
8785:
7102:
Judith A. Layzer, "Love Canal: hazardous waste and politics of fear" in Layzer,
6365:
6166:
Pattnaik, Punyasloka; Dangayach, G. S.; Bhardwaj, Awadhesh Kumar (1 June 2018).
5070:
4678:
4218:
4151:
3033:
The primitive conditions were intolerable for a world national capital, and the
2249:
monitor pollution with an expanding list of low-cost pollution monitoring tools.
1550:
Air pollution produced by ships may alter clouds, affecting global temperatures.
1432:
in the environment that adversely affects wildlife, wildlife habitat, or humans.
1223:
political power. This outsized impact is a core reason for the formation of the
11649:
11224:
11010:
10947:
10932:
10915:
10873:
10675:
10556:
9581:
9032:
9027:
8681:
8415:
8301:
8258:
8252:
8248:
8093:
8078:
8029:
8019:
7931:
7785:
7541:
7512:
6546:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
6458:
6270:
5846:
4361:
3861:"Outside the Safe Operating Space of the Planetary Boundary for Novel Entities"
3556:
3526:
3481:
3412:
3372:
3244:
3151:
2874:
2587:
2541:
2465:
2460:
2295:
2234:
2138:
2134:
2113:
2099:
2075:
2071:
2056:
1960:
1828:
1792:
1788:
1694:
1679:
1651:
1559:
1529:
1473:
1411:
1330:
1322:
1295:
1281:
1272:
1039:
843:
743:
698:
691:
686:
443:
138:
6314:
6137:
5797:
5748:
5386:
Herrnstadt, Evan; Heyes, Anthony; Muehlegger, Erich; Saberian, Soodeh (2021).
5027:
4892:
4801:
4334:
4293:
4268:
3830:"Global pollution kills 9m a year and threatens 'survival of human societies'"
3185:
as the "most polluted spot" on earth – served as a disposal site for the
2860:
In markets with pollution, or other negative externalities in production, the
1841:
1604:
are found within wildfire smoke as well, which pose a health risk to animals.
11777:
11632:
11532:
11411:
11219:
11193:
11070:
11030:
10995:
10985:
10965:
10707:
10665:
10640:
10588:
10576:
10571:
10480:
9320:
9269:
8894:
8755:
8666:
8435:
8336:
8122:
8051:
7823:
7571:
7435:
7282:
7150:
6962:
6756:
6703:
6466:
6414:
6373:
6322:
6278:
6193:
6145:
5999:
5966:
5910:
5877:
Management of Water Discharges: Design and Operations of Oil–Water Separators
5805:
5717:
5662:
5615:
5513:
5421:
5267:
5094:
5035:
4810:
4312:
4123:
3775:
3659:
3581:
3471:
3383:
3280:
3208:
3204:
3178:
3167:
3042:
2985:
2919:
2885:
2843:
2758:
2689:
2659:
2617:
2604:
2438:
2283:
2206:
2038:
1845:
Overview of main health effects on humans from some common types of pollution
1757:
1667:
1663:
1477:
1429:
1407:
1310:
1215:
1168:
1137:
1101:
1022:
858:
348:
343:
338:
96:
7332:
6904:
6811:
6653:
6567:
6184:
6167:
5388:"Air Pollution and Criminal Activity: Microgeographic Evidence from Chicago"
3884:
3177:, which can remain lethally radioactive for hundreds of thousands of years.
3162:
legislation of 1980. The pollution of industrial land gave rise to the name
2390:
aiming to reduce pollution was agreed during an international conference in
2123:
Soil can become infertile and unsuitable for plants. This will affect other
1774:
11552:
10980:
10829:
10819:
10797:
10727:
10620:
10534:
9369:
8950:
8879:
8770:
8456:
8430:
8410:
8234:
8197:
8161:
7797:
7744:
7620:
7576:
7561:
7490:
7300:
7274:
6774:
6586:
6422:
6330:
6201:
5928:
5766:
5531:
5505:
5275:
5196:
5112:
5043:
3902:
3834:
3803:
3783:
3722:
3576:
3366:
3256:
3186:
3135:
3012:
2993:
2517:
2346:
2112:
and haze can reduce the amount of sunlight received by plants to carry out
2085:
2034:
1979:
1928:
1851:
1807:
1659:
1655:
1601:
1521:
1513:
1447:
1391:
1376:
1314:
1303:
1232:
1105:
891:
853:
838:
669:
634:
579:
298:
158:
11713:
7173:
Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Background and Current Developments
6819:
6748:
4931:
Pennsylvania State University > Potential Health Effects of Pesticides.
2965:
2282:, decomposes hazard gases from industrial air streams at a factory in the
11547:
11244:
10942:
10851:
10814:
9822:
9252:
8393:
8388:
8073:
8068:
8039:
8004:
7977:
7507:
7026:
6609:"18.1 Maximizing the Net Benefits of Pollution | Principles of Economics"
6405:
6388:
5654:
5606:
5585:
Neidell, Matthew; Gross, Tal; Graff Zivin, Joshua; Chang, Tom Y. (2019).
5403:
5178:
4921:
By Patricia L. Meinhardt, MD, MPH, MA, Author. Retrieved on 16 April 2009
3546:
3231:
3067:
2989:
2973:
2861:
2839:
2774:
2608:
2512:
2263:
2089:
2043:
1968:
1964:
1858:
1617:
1597:
1567:
1491:
1443:
1346:
1248:
1082:
813:
511:
491:
128:
8690:
5586:
5412:
4269:"Volcanic emissions and atmospheric pollution: A study of nanoparticles"
4243:"Volcanic gases can be harmful to health, vegetation and infrastructure"
3946:"Targeting minority, low-income neighborhoods for hazardous waste sites"
3077:. Extreme smog events were experienced by the cities of Los Angeles and
2290:
2237:
in 1997 which initiated collaboration on addressing greenhouse gases to
1302:
The major forms of pollution are listed below along with the particular
1151:
during the 19th and 20th centuries until the emergence of environmental
11173:
10895:
10066:
9137:
8570:
8187:
7502:
7495:
7478:
7463:
7370:
6236:
5465:
5326:
5319:"Over 1,500 lives lost to diarrhoea in 2013, delay in treatment blamed"
4465:"Top 20 Emitting Countries by Total Fossil-Fuel CO2 Emissions for 2009"
3921:"Chemical pollution has passed safe limit for humanity, say scientists"
3664:"Pollution killing 9 million people a year, Africa hardest hit - study"
3486:
3396:
3163:
3147:
3119:
3050:
2889:
2448:
2443:
2274:
2103:
1972:
1920:
1913:
1459:
1455:
1354:
1252:
1152:
863:
619:
123:
6997:
5709:
4303:
2725:
1678:
factories, metals production factories, plastics factories, and other
11271:
11090:
10541:
9307:
8935:
8805:
8765:
8760:
8499:
8451:
8425:
8373:
8207:
8169:
7919:
7909:
7581:
7443:
4956:
4785:"Pervasive Pollution Problems Caused by Plastics and its Degradation"
4414:
4365:
3536:
2754:
2564:
2403:
2364:
2318:
2142:
1952:
1890:
1861:
can kill many organisms, including humans. Ozone pollution can cause
1563:
1397:
1090:
931:
886:
848:
798:
733:
639:
103:
11764:
5444:
5125:
2825:
A visual comparison of the free market and socially optimal outcomes
2019:
found that levels of anthropogenic chemical pollution have exceeded
11137:
10890:
10524:
10494:
9817:
9379:
9302:
9263:
8144:
8088:
7749:
7598:
7566:
7358:– manages Superfund sites and the pollutants in them (CERCLA). Map
7257:
7107:
5456:
3611:"Pollution – Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary"
3235:
3200:
3016:
2773:
The textile industry also creates a lot of pollution that leads to
2674:
2487:
2299:
2128:
2124:
1732:
1720:
1589:
1509:
303:
5871:
5822:
Sustainable Solid Waste Management: A Systems Engineering Approach
3971:
Schlosberg, David (2002). Light, Andrew; De-Shalit, Avner (eds.).
2864:
equilibrium will not account for the costs of pollution on society
10809:
8874:
8869:
8800:
8745:
8105:
7608:
7586:
7473:
7468:
6538:
6489:"Destination Zero: seven years of Detoxing the clothing industry"
5385:
5235:
3743:
3690:
3418:
List of least polluted cities by particulate matter concentration
3276:
3193:, Russia, is considered the "Most polluted place on the planet".
3046:
2942:
2835:
2814:
2426:
1575:
1555:
1121:
83:
10449:
10269:
Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies
7355:
5847:"New UN framework to protect environment from harmful chemicals"
4518:
1708:
overtook the United States as the world's biggest producer of CO
11104:
10163:
9652:
9284:
8509:
8489:
8383:
8058:
7551:
6638:. Turner, R. Kerry. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
6514:"Greenpeace Calls Out Nike, Adidas and Puma for Toxic Clothing"
6443:
5064:
4912:
waterhealthconnection.org Overview of Waterborne Disease Trends
4398:
4017:
Defining Environmental Justice: Theories, Movements, and Nature
3686:
3684:
3491:
3124:
3059:
3008:
2969:
2881:
2869:
2694:
2650:
2376:
2352:
2303:
2153:
1975:
1905:
1870:
1566:, sulfur dioxides, which are harmful to animals and damage the
1176:
1156:
941:
921:
828:
818:
526:
57:
53:
37:"Environmental pollution" redirects here. For the journal, see
6249:
2258:
11655:
11266:
9106:
8519:
8461:
7802:
7734:
7632:
7524:
6956:
3130:
Severe incidents of pollution helped increase consciousness.
2922:
has always accompanied civilizations. Pollution started from
2705:
2408:
2322:
2009:
Pollution has been found to be present widely in the natural
1724:
1701:
1554:
One of the most significant natural sources of pollution are
1419:
1338:
951:
896:
288:
7387:
6688:. Wells, Robin. (3rd ed.). New York: Worth Publishers.
5584:
4430:. 11 April 2007. Archived from the original on 11 April 2007
4168:
Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences
3681:
2106:
land which can change the species composition of ecosystems.
2063:, the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans as CO
1120:(coming from a highly concentrated specific site, such as a
11392:
Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety
11198:
8494:
7615:
7603:
7519:
7383:
Nieman Reports | Tracking Toxics When the Data Are Polluted
7052:
A Climate of Crisis: America in the Age of Environmentalism
6986:
A Climate of Crisis: America in the Age of Environmentalism
5906:
Freshwater Pollution Costs US At Least $ 4.3 Billion A Year
3252:
3063:
2935:
2927:
2751:
in pretreatment, dyeing, printing, and finishing operations
2391:
2337:
are more desirable than pollution control. In the field of
2230:
2109:
1924:
1579:
1342:
1291:
926:
173:
168:
133:
7213:"Research ship finds the world's oceans are 'plasticized'"
7001:
City, Country, Empire: Landscapes in Environmental History
6730:
6119:
5443:
Heissel, Jennifer; Persico, Claudia; Simon, David (2019).
4868:"Global Warming Can Be Stopped, World Climate Experts Say"
4789:
International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering
4699:"Environmental Pollution | Chemistry Science Fair Project"
3638:
Green Chemistry Approaches to Environmental Sustainability
2729:
Indigo color water pollution in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, 2005
2603:
Pollution has a cost. Manufacturing activities that cause
2538:(Secondary treatment; also used for industrial wastewater)
2088:. Invasive plants can contribute debris and biomolecules (
2041:, becoming exponentially more concentrated in the process.
7236:
6165:
6039:"Pollution Abatement Costs and Expenditures: 2005 Survey"
5686:"Atmospheric Pollution: History, Science, and Regulation"
5488:
Zivin, Joshua Graff; Neidell, Matthew (1 December 2012).
5359:
3207:
has also been a prohibitive complication associated with
3081:, in the late 1940s, serving as another public reminder.
2356:
2333:. In the hierarchy of controls, pollution prevention and
1799:, and the possible effects of this on marine ecosystems.
1100:– that is, a source created by human activities, such as
49:
7239:"The new world atlas of artificial night sky brightness"
5152:
4212:, Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, pp. 1–14,
3264:
after only a relatively brief period of widespread use.
3251:(POP) has come to describe a group of chemicals such as
3227:
has ended almost all nuclear testing in the atmosphere.
2616:
is involved. If there are external benefits, such as in
2321:
into air, water or soil. Without pollution control, the
6299:
6222:
5924:
The human cost of China's untold soil pollution problem
5126:
David; Michael; Caroline, Mindy; Neil Franklin; Vikas.
3975:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. p. 79.
3973:
Moral and Political Reasoning in Environmental Practice
2146:
1317:
into the atmosphere. Common gaseous pollutants include
1136:(coming from a widespread distributed sources, such as
9501:
International Conference on Population and Development
5290:"Out of Order – The State of the World's Toilets 2017"
5065:
Pandey, Anamika; Brauer, Michael; Cropper, Maureen L;
4500:
Aqueous Wastes from Petroleum and Petrochemical Plants
4354:
4266:
3361:
Regulation of greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act
2383:
intervention, influence research, and guide funding".
2187:. Different jurisdictions often have different levels
27:
Introduction of contaminants that cause adverse change
11621:
10286:
Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study
7377:
Chelyabinsk: The Most Contaminated Spot on the Planet
7329:. Reports and studies on how pollutants affect people
6481:
5818:
4980:"Air Pollution Linked to 1.2 Million Deaths in China"
4370:"What are the safest and cleanest sources of energy?"
4165:
2227:
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
2023:
and now threaten entire ecosystems around the world.
1991:
the productivity of both indoor and outdoor workers.
1243:, while international efforts are coordinated by the
3230:
International catastrophes such as the wreck of the
1955:
symptoms. Older people are significantly exposed to
1428:: involves the accumulation of plastic products and
1147:
Many sources of pollution were unregulated parts of
6927:
Dirty Old London: The Victorian Fight Against Filth
6724:
5984:(2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
5979:
5442:
2850:of consuming one more unit of the good or service.
1210:Pollution has widespread consequences on human and
10207:Health expenditure by country by type of financing
7004:. University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. 44–49.
6636:Economics of natural resources and the environment
6354:Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry
5146:
4722:
4496:
6998:Jeffry M. Diefendorf; Kurkpatrick Dorsey (2009).
5637:Salvo, Alberto; Liu, Haoming; He, Jiaxiu (2019).
5348:As China Roars, Pollution Reaches Deadly Extremes
2782:
1719:An industrial area, with a power plant, south of
11775:
10280:Progress in International Reading Literacy Study
7371:Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
5490:"The Impact of Pollution on Worker Productivity"
5005:
4448:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
4207:
1631:are one of the leading causes of air pollution.
3635:
10274:Programme for International Student Assessment
6877:
6787:
5812:
5203:
4554:". Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2009.
3173:The development of nuclear science introduced
3000:soon afterward. Pollution issues escalated as
2152:Organic pollution of watercourses can deplete
1500:, which can refer to the presence of overhead
10465:
9638:
9122:
8706:
7403:
7343:United States Environmental Protection Agency
6884:United States Environmental Protection Agency
6447:Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
6259:Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
6014:"Abatement and Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC)"
5890:The staggering economic cost of air pollution
5879:(1st ed.). American Petroleum Institute.
5786:Journal of Industrial Information Integration
4870:. News.nationalgeographic.com. Archived from
4783:Hassan, Sidra; Haq, Ihsan ul (27 June 2019).
4143:Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies
4137:Aboyeji, Oyebanji Oluseun (1 December 2013).
3402:Atmospheric chemistry observational databases
2930:. According to a 1983 article in the journal
2794:
2345:is a similar technique for the prevention of
1059:
10177:Antiviral medications for pandemic influenza
7379:Documentary Film by Slawomir Grünberg (1996)
6716:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
6666:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
6386:
5951:(4th ed.). New York: Worth Publishers.
5819:Ni-Bin Chang; Ana Pires (18 February 2015).
5643:American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
5594:American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
5487:
5392:American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
5360:World Health Organisation (31 August 2022).
5008:Environmental Science and Pollution Research
4411:State of the Environment, Issue: Air Quality
4360:
3823:
3821:
2262:A litter trap catches floating waste in the
2160:
1472:, resulting from 20th century activities in
9526:United Nations world population conferences
7064:1952: London fog clears after days of chaos
5779:
5683:
4028:
3799:"Pollution killed 9 million people in 2015"
2877:because it "does not maximize efficiency".
2033:describes situations where toxins (such as
1763:
11427:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
10472:
10458:
10222:Total healthcare spending as % of GDP
10202:Percentage suffering from undernourishment
9645:
9631:
9439:Population and housing censuses by country
9129:
9115:
8713:
8699:
7410:
7396:
7075:
6871:
6634:William), Pearce, David W. (David (1990).
5780:Idrees, Zeba; Zheng, Lirong (2020-03-01).
5636:
5544:
4492:
4490:
4009:
3970:
3918:
3827:
3440:List of solid waste treatment technologies
2996:of 1858, which led to construction of the
2702:Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy
1882:over 50,000. A study published in 2022 in
1784:Source: Energy Information Administration.
1066:
1052:
82:
11387:Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
11377:Center for Disease Control and Prevention
8720:
7335:– NIH databases and reports on toxicology
7290:
7256:
6764:
6576:
6566:
6404:
6183:
6122:"The environmental price of fast fashion"
6091:
5946:
5756:
5605:
5521:
5464:
5411:
5257:
5242:"Pollution and health: a progress update"
5186:
5102:
4800:
4782:
4302:
4292:
4217:
4193:
4150:
3892:
3818:
3765:
3750:"Pollution and health: a progress update"
3712:
3697:"Pollution and health: a progress update"
2802:
2278:Air pollution control system, known as a
2084:can outcompete native species and reduce
1985:
1804:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
1693:, but produce roughly 25% of the world's
1353:, or fine dust is characterized by their
10325:Official Development Assistance received
9162:Estimates of historical world population
7128:
7113:
7080:. The Environmental Blog. Archived from
7024:
6951:
6633:
6532:
5130:. Library.thinkquest.org. Archived from
4949:
4662:China overtakes US as world's biggest CO
4170:, Elsevier: B978-0-12-409548-9.09508-7,
3118:
3028:
2951:
2914:
2820:
2724:
2289:
2273:
2257:
2042:
1998:
1840:
1797:increases in the acidity of ocean waters
1773:
1714:
1611:
1540:
1286:
1262:
1227:, and continues to be a core element of
48:
11432:Health departments in the United States
8551:Pollutant release and transfer register
7069:
7018:
6303:Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
6074:. Pure Earth, Green Cross Switzerland.
6065:"2016 World's Worst Pollution Problems"
5316:
4503:(1st ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
4487:
4136:
4029:Environment, U. N. (21 February 2020).
3858:
3346:Pollutant release and transfer register
2737:is one of the largest polluters in the
2026:There are a number of effects of this:
1670:disposal activity, incinerators, large
1277:Environmental Protection Administration
14:
11776:
11437:Council on Education for Public Health
10297:World Intellectual Property Indicators
6897:
6351:
6126:Nature Reviews Earth & Environment
6081:from the original on 23 February 2024.
5825:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 209.
5350:". The New York Times. 26 August 2007.
5236:Fuller, Richard; Landrigan, Philip J;
4594:maps zoom in on greenhouse gas sources
4462:
3919:Carrington, Damian (18 January 2022).
3865:Environmental Science & Technology
3828:Carrington, Damian (20 October 2017).
3744:Fuller, Richard; Landrigan, Philip J;
3691:Fuller, Richard; Landrigan, Philip J;
3658:
3271:is a concentration of plastics in the
2846:of pollution, is exactly equal to the
2789:of the top contributors to human death
2631:
2168:Regulation and monitoring of pollution
2078:which affects ecosystems in many ways.
2016:Environmental Science & Technology
11495:Professional degrees of public health
11402:Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
10453:
10187:Infant and under-five mortality rates
9626:
9110:
8694:
7391:
7210:
7025:Fleming, James R.; Knorr, Bethany R.
6679:
6677:
5942:
5940:
5938:
4841:(Table 1, Report DOE/EIA-0573, 2004,
4388:Environmental Performance Report 2001
4376:from the original on 15 January 2024.
4122:. Concerns about MTBE. Archived from
2102:are removed from the air by rain and
1900:caused 1.4 million premature deaths.
1624:(rectangles barely visible in chart).
11662:
11592:
11485:Bachelor of Science in Public Health
9595:
9065:
8641:
7882:Electromagnetic radiation and health
6832:
5449:National Bureau of Economic Research
4977:
3914:
3912:
3854:
3852:
3796:
3542:Electromagnetic radiation and health
3019:system was built in the late 1870s:
3015:recalled conditions before a modern
3007:In 1870, the sanitary conditions in
2309:Pollution control is a term used in
2156:levels and reduce species diversity.
1825:Soil pollution § Health effects
1700:, and generate approximately 30% of
1241:environmental agencies or ministries
11604:
10753:Workers' right to access the toilet
10594:Human right to water and sanitation
10399:Number of billionaires (US dollars)
10394:Number of millionaires (US dollars)
10217:Total health expenditure per capita
10100:Ethnic and cultural diversity level
9531:Voluntary Human Extinction Movement
9089:
8657:
8649:
7740:Radium and radon in the environment
5684:Oppenheimer, Michael (2003-10-01).
4651:. 31 August 2006. The Boston Globe.
3964:
3859:Persson, Linn; et al. (2022).
2711:
2576:Powdered activated carbon treatment
1837:Air pollution § Health effects
1736:also been some unusual releases of
1674:(dairy cows, pigs, poultry, etc.),
1607:
1592:, which can be caused naturally by
1562:, hydrogen halides which can cause
1345:are created as nitrogen oxides and
1255:is an important part of all of the
294:Radium and radon in the environment
24:
9937:Past and future population density
6683:
6674:
5935:
5873:American Petroleum Institute (API)
4950:Stanglin, Doug (20 October 2017).
4649:Alarm sounds on US population boom
4565:"Solid Waste – The Ultimate Guide"
4176:10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.09508-7
3646:10.1016/B978-0-443-18959-3.00010-0
3445:List of waste management companies
3150:starting in 1947 and uncontrolled
2906:History of environmental pollution
1833:List of pollution-related diseases
1802:In February 2007, a report by the
1782:emissions by country (as of 2005).
1337:and motor vehicles. Photochemical
25:
11800:
11026:Commercial determinants of health
10479:
9423:Population and Development Review
7351:Superfund Basic Research Programs
7311:
7131:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
6880:"London's Historic "Pea-Soupers""
5306:from the original on Dec 7, 2023.
4843:Energy Information Administration
3909:
3849:
3404:– links to freely available data.
3341:Neuroplastic effects of pollution
3114:National Environmental Policy Act
2964:of England banned the burning of
2719:Chemical waste § Textile industry
1957:diseases induced by air pollution
1685:About 400 million metric tons of
1536:
11756:
11739:
11722:
11705:
11688:
11671:
11643:
11631:
11603:
11591:
11580:
11579:
10609:National public health institute
10357:planetary pressures–adjusted HDI
9607:
9606:
9594:
9471:Population concern organizations
9177:Projections of population growth
9088:
9076:
9064:
9046:
9045:
8784:
8675:
8665:
8656:
8648:
8640:
8628:
8627:
7230:
7204:
7178:
7165:
7122:
7096:
7057:
7044:
6991:
6978:
6945:
6932:
6225:Environmental Quality Management
6092:Gabbatiss, Josh (18 July 2018).
5949:Public finance and public policy
5932:, Monday 30 June 2014 11.53 EDT
4668:". Guardian.co.uk. 19 June 2007.
4463:Laboratory, Oak Ridge National.
4031:"A Global response to Pollution"
3797:Beil, Laura (15 November 2017).
3297:, which generally seek to limit
3189:throughout the 1950s and 1960s.
3011:were among the worst in Europe.
2717:This section is an excerpt from
2166:This section is an excerpt from
1116:. Pollution is often classed as
1033:
1021:
11006:Open-source healthcare software
10748:Sociology of health and illness
9572:Human impact on the environment
9506:Population Action International
9023:Human impact on the environment
7454:Atmospheric dispersion modeling
7031:American Meteorological Society
6919:
6826:
6781:
6627:
6601:
6506:
6437:
6380:
6345:
6293:
6243:
6216:
6172:Reviews on Environmental Health
6159:
6113:
6085:
6057:
6031:
6006:
5973:
5917:
5899:
5883:
5865:
5839:
5773:
5724:
5677:
5630:
5578:
5538:
5481:
5436:
5379:
5353:
5340:
5317:Isalkar, Umesh (29 July 2014).
5310:
5282:
5229:
5119:
5058:
4999:
4971:
4943:
4924:
4905:
4886:
4860:
4848:
4825:
4776:
4751:
4716:
4691:
4671:
4654:
4642:
4610:
4582:
4557:
4537:
4525:
4456:
4420:
4404:
4381:
4327:
4260:
4235:
4201:
4159:
4130:
4104:
4078:
4048:
4022:
3938:
3450:List of waste management topics
3299:human impact on the environment
2979:
2555:Industrial wastewater treatment
2116:and leads to the production of
1902:Contamination of drinking water
1818:
1313:: the release of chemicals and
114:Atmospheric dispersion modeling
11367:Caribbean Public Health Agency
11179:Sexually transmitted infection
11076:Statistical hypothesis testing
10837:Occupational safety and health
10738:Sexual and reproductive health
10651:Occupational safety and health
10433:List of international rankings
10259:International Innovation Index
10182:HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate
9521:United Nations Population Fund
9136:
8931:Public transport encouragement
7027:"History of the Clean Air Act"
6878:David Urbinato (Summer 1994).
4855:Carbon dioxide emissions chart
4832:World Carbon Dioxide Emissions
3790:
3737:
3652:
3629:
3603:
3331:Hazardous Substances Data Bank
3199:continued to be tested in the
2813:Society derives some indirect
2809:Right to a healthy environment
2783:Fossil fuel related industries
2313:. It refers to the control of
1994:
1873:inflammation, chest pain, and
1738:polychlorinated dibenzodioxins
1225:environmental justice movement
983:Least polluted cities by PM2.5
13:
1:
11021:Social determinants of health
10292:Tertiary education attainment
7942:Electrical resistance heating
7417:
7327:National Institutes of Health
5259:10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00090-0
5087:10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30298-9
4978:Wong, Edward (1 April 2013).
4247:United States Geologic Survey
3767:10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00090-0
3714:10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00090-0
3596:
3502:Wastewater quality indicators
2956:Air pollution in the US, 1973
2926:, when man created the first
2388:Global Framework on Chemicals
2223:persistent organic pollutants
2189:regulation and policy choices
1616:Deaths caused as a result of
1257:Sustainable Development Goals
454:Electrical resistance heating
11081:Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
10842:Human factors and ergonomics
10404:Percentage living in poverty
10315:Access to financial services
7594:Persistent organic pollutant
6857:10.1126/science.272.5259.246
6393:Water Science and Technology
5980:Kolstad, Charles D. (2011).
4745:10.1016/0004-6981(87)90267-8
4210:Chemistry in the Environment
4060:US EPA: System of Registries
3567:List of environmental issues
3249:persistent organic pollutant
3234:oil tanker off the coast of
2549:(also used for urban runoff)
2536:Activated sludge biotreaters
2397:
2359:and monitoring/transparency/
2051:by jurisdiction (as of 2015)
2013:. A 2022 study published in
1482:actinides in the environment
1098:have an anthropogenic source
164:Persistent organic pollutant
88:Air pollution from a factory
7:
11262:Good manufacturing practice
11066:Randomized controlled trial
9942:Person-to-arable land ratio
9546:World Population Foundation
9536:World Population Conference
9449:World population milestones
8921:Natural resource management
8604:Least polluted cities by PM
7323:National Toxicology Program
7211:Hoare, Rose (22 May 2012).
6938:Cited in David Clay Large,
6366:10.1016/j.cogsc.2017.11.002
5246:The Lancet Planetary Health
5075:The Lancet Planetary Health
4497:Beychok, Milton R. (1967).
4219:10.1039/9781839165399-00001
4152:10.5901/ajis.2013.v2n13p111
4116:Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether
3950:University of Michigan News
3754:The Lancet Planetary Health
3701:The Lancet Planetary Health
3304:
3269:Great Pacific Garbage Patch
2792:
2508:Mechanically aided scrubber
2481:Electrostatic precipitators
2004:Great Pacific garbage patch
1778:Historical and projected CO
1386:: includes light trespass,
10:
11805:
11332:Theory of planned behavior
11257:Good agricultural practice
11162:Public health surveillance
11054:epidemiological statistics
10698:Public health intervention
10244:Bloomberg Innovation Index
10172:Antidepressant consumption
9844:World population estimates
9839:Past and future population
9418:Population and Environment
8546:Pollution haven hypothesis
8469:Brain health and pollution
7707:Ecological light pollution
7537:Internal combustion engine
7190:NOAA Marine Debris Program
6684:R., Krugman, Paul (2013).
6459:10.1016/j.jece.2021.105277
6271:10.1016/j.jece.2020.105012
5947:Jonathan., Gruber (2013).
4019:. Oxford University Press.
4015:Schlosberg, David. (2007)
3435:Environmental soil science
3379:
3356:Pollution haven hypothesis
3075:Department of the Interior
2903:
2899:
2806:
2716:
2432:
2253:
2165:
1927:. Noise pollution induces
1822:
1813:
1767:
1516:), open storage of trash,
1418:as well as high-intensity
1306:relevant to each of them:
36:
32:Pollution (disambiguation)
29:
11575:
11510:
11469:
11454:World Toilet Organization
11449:World Health Organization
11356:
11345:
11282:
11207:
11123:
11051:
11016:Public health informatics
10956:
10761:
10723:Right to rest and leisure
10552:Globalization and disease
10487:
10427:
10389:Share of income of top 1%
10305:
10236:
10162:
10064:
10006:
9950:
9922:
9831:
9800:
9749:
9694:
9686:Demographics of the world
9664:
9590:
9554:
9479:
9431:
9410:
9328:Human population planning
9293:
9239:
9190:
9152:Demographics of the world
9144:
9041:
9015:
8979:
8903:
8833:Environmental engineering
8793:
8782:
8728:
8625:
8579:
8528:
8477:
8444:
8349:Nonpoint source pollution
8277:
8269:War and environmental law
8216:
8178:
8160:
7960:
7895:
7832:
7758:
7727:
7692:
7676:
7641:
7628:Volatile organic compound
7434:
7425:
7318:OEHHA proposition 65 list
7175:(Diane Publishing, 2013.)
6315:10.1007/s10661-018-6569-7
6138:10.1038/s43017-020-0039-9
5798:10.1016/j.jii.2019.100123
5749:10.1016/j.ohx.2023.e00477
5128:"Air Pollution – Effects"
5028:10.1007/s11356-017-8575-7
4802:10.3991/ijoe.v15i10.10873
4759:"Environmental disasters"
4340:World Health Organization
4294:10.1016/j.gsf.2020.08.013
3587:Effects of Climate Change
3247:. Most recently the term
3175:radioactive contamination
3138:resulted in a ban by the
2229:created in 2001, such as
2195:at the cost of human and
2161:Regulation and monitoring
1470:Radioactive contamination
1373:electromagnetic radiation
1369:Electromagnetic pollution
1193:radioactive contamination
1134:nonpoint source pollution
709:War and environmental law
329:Health effects from noise
179:Volatile organic compound
11789:Environmental toxicology
11500:Schools of public health
11292:Diffusion of innovations
10991:Health impact assessment
10703:Public health laboratory
10599:Management of depression
10237:Education and innovation
9333:Compulsory sterilization
8916:Environmental technology
8865:Environmental toxicology
8860:Environmental statistics
8855:Environmental humanities
7808:Marine mammals and sonar
7719:Radio spectrum pollution
7347:Toxics Release Inventory
7151:10.1177/0096340211421587
5494:American Economic Review
5451:. Working Paper Series.
4940:by Eric S. Lorenz. 2007.
4917:5 September 2008 at the
4417:Government website page)
4393:12 November 2007 at the
3367:Pollution is Colonialism
3311:Biological contamination
2626:marginal abatement costs
2560:API oil-water separators
2503:Ejector venturi scrubber
2311:environmental management
2049:carbon dioxide emissions
1770:Greenhouse gas emissions
1764:Greenhouse gas emissions
1744:for simplicity, such as
1464:chlorinated hydrocarbons
1245:UN Environmental Program
334:Marine mammals and sonar
11563:Social hygiene movement
11490:Doctor of Public Health
11322:Social cognitive theory
11124:Infectious and epidemic
10906:Fecal–oral transmission
10342:Human Development Index
10254:Global Innovation Index
10192:Maternal mortality rate
9767:Commonwealth of Nations
9275:Malthusian growth model
8828:Environmental economics
8751:Environmental chemistry
8654:WikiProject Environment
8612:Most polluted countries
8556:Polluter pays principle
8287:Agricultural wastewater
7365:Toxic Release Inventory
6968:Encyclopædia Britannica
6953:Phillips, Walter Alison
6812:10.1126/science.6857273
6737:Cardiovascular Research
6568:10.1073/pnas.1819989116
6301:sub-chronic exposure".
6185:10.1515/reveh-2018-0013
5982:Environmental economics
4725:Atmospheric Environment
3885:10.1021/acs.est.1c04158
3392:Air dispersion modeling
3351:Polluter pays principle
3166:, a term now common in
2831:environmental economics
2598:
2570:Dissolved air flotation
2498:Cyclonic spray scrubber
2466:Dust collection systems
2245:, research groups, and
2239:mitigate climate change
1629:Motor vehicle emissions
1371:: the overabundance of
1229:environmental conflicts
1081:is the introduction of
809:Freshwater salinization
729:Agricultural wastewater
40:Environmental Pollution
11558:Germ theory of disease
11337:Transtheoretical model
10320:Development aid donors
9958:Population growth rate
9402:Zero population growth
9397:Sustainable population
9321:Malthusian catastrophe
9280:Overshoot (population)
9157:Demographic transition
8885:Sustainability science
8672:Environment portal
7905:Agricultural pollution
7275:10.1126/sciadv.1600377
7104:The Environmental Case
7078:"Environmental Issues"
6907:. PBS. 17 January 2003
5566:Cite journal requires
5506:10.1257/aer.102.7.3652
4936:11 August 2013 at the
3517:Alkaline precipitation
3316:Chemical contamination
3295:environmental movement
3127:
3026:
2998:London sewerage system
2957:
2829:It is possible to use
2826:
2803:Socially optimal level
2730:
2588:Vapor recovery systems
2343:low impact development
2306:
2287:
2271:
2181:environmental agencies
2052:
2006:
1986:Socio economic impacts
1949:developmental deficits
1867:cardiovascular disease
1846:
1785:
1727:
1625:
1600:. Large quantities of
1551:
1299:
1231:, particularly in the
1028:Environment portal
60:
11442:Public Health Service
11327:Social norms approach
11317:PRECEDE–PROCEED model
10763:Preventive healthcare
10656:Pharmaceutical policy
10505:Chief Medical Officer
10080:Age at first marriage
9968:Net reproduction rate
9914:Population milestones
9696:Continents/subregions
9658:population statistics
9511:Population Connection
9375:Mere addition paradox
9214:Physiological density
8850:Environmental studies
8722:Environmental science
8327:Industrial wastewater
8193:Clutter (advertising)
8101:Municipal solid waste
7947:Soil guideline values
7791:Sustainable transport
7684:Information pollution
7484:Open burning of waste
5238:Balakrishnan, Kalpana
5067:Balakrishnan, Kalpana
4837:26 March 2008 at the
4372:. Our World in Data.
3746:Balakrishnan, Kalpana
3693:Balakrishnan, Kalpana
3532:Contamination control
3497:Industrial wastewater
3467:Cruise ship pollution
3181: – named by the
3122:
3095:Clean Air Act of 1956
3066:was a major issue in
3055:progressive reformers
3029:20th and 21st century
3021:
2955:
2947:glaciers in Greenland
2915:Prior to 19th century
2904:Further information:
2824:
2728:
2700:A 2018 report by the
2655:extractive metallurgy
2493:Baffle spray scrubber
2439:Air pollution control
2379:interface", e.g. to "
2361:life-cycle assessment
2293:
2277:
2261:
2120:which damages plants.
2046:
2002:
1844:
1823:Further information:
1777:
1718:
1615:
1549:
1518:municipal solid waste
1290:
1263:Definitions and types
1106:extractive industries
769:Industrial wastewater
537:Municipal solid waste
459:Soil guideline values
52:
11518:Sara Josephine Baker
11417:Public Health Agency
11302:Health communication
11167:Disease surveillance
11133:Asymptomatic carrier
11115:Statistical software
10803:Preventive nutrition
10631:Medical anthropology
10520:Environmental health
10130:Number of households
10115:Linguistic diversity
10110:Immigrant population
10056:past life expectancy
9541:World Population Day
9496:Church of Euthanasia
9385:Non-identity problem
9360:Political demography
9316:Human overpopulation
8838:Environmental health
8823:Environmental design
8818:Ecological economics
8599:Most polluted cities
8292:Biological pollution
8203:Overhead power lines
6406:10.2166/wst.2018.476
5655:10.1257/app.20170286
5607:10.1257/app.20160436
5404:10.1257/app.20190091
5179:10.1029/2022GH000603
5165:(5): e2022GH000603.
4703:www.seminarsonly.com
4273:Geoscience Frontiers
4056:"Vocabulary Catalog"
3572:Noise health effects
3492:Municipal wastewater
3326:Environmental racism
3321:Environmental health
3183:Worldwatch Institute
3079:Donora, Pennsylvania
2547:Constructed wetlands
2423:Pollution prevention
2386:In September 2023 a
2197:environmental health
2185:public health system
2021:planetary boundaries
1910:developing countries
1406:: which encompasses
1275:. The United States
1220:planetary boundaries
1212:environmental health
1163:pollutants may have
1112:, transportation or
978:Most polluted cities
630:Overhead power lines
30:For other uses, see
11528:Carl Rogers Darnall
11523:Samuel Jay Crumbine
11297:Health belief model
11150:Notifiable diseases
11086:Regression analysis
10921:Waterborne diseases
10510:Cultural competence
10364:Human Poverty Index
10352:inequality-adjusted
10337:Irrigated land area
10075:Age at childbearing
9998:Past fertility rate
9390:Reproductive rights
9221:Population dynamics
9172:Population momentum
9007:Environment by year
8997:Research institutes
8911:Energy conservation
8736:Atmospheric science
8662:WikiProject Ecology
8359:Ocean acidification
8264:Unexploded ordnance
8135:Post-consumer waste
7995:Foam food container
7973:Biodegradable waste
7547:Global distillation
7267:2016SciA....2E0377F
7143:2011BuAtS..67e..55F
6849:1996Sci...272..246H
6804:1983Sci...221....9S
6749:10.1093/cvr/cvaa025
6559:2019PNAS..116.7192L
5892:By Chelsea Harvey,
5853:. 30 September 2023
5702:2003PhT....56j..65J
5171:2022GHeal...6..603M
5020:2017ESPR...2411559M
5014:(12): 11559–11572.
4737:1987AtmEn..21...29B
4285:2021GeoFr..12..746T
3877:2022EnST...56.1510P
3158: – led to the
3156:Valley of the Drums
3090:radioactive fallout
2968:by proclamation in
2766:their manufacturing
2632:Dirtiest industries
2532:(Primary treatment)
2061:ocean acidification
2037:) may pass through
1947:has been linked to
1933:high blood pressure
1863:respiratory disease
1349:react to sunlight.
1327:chlorofluorocarbons
1142:agricultural runoff
1087:natural environment
794:Ocean acidification
704:Unexploded ordnance
625:Advertising clutter
557:Post-consumer waste
502:Foam food container
487:Biodegradable waste
144:Global distillation
11126:disease prevention
11061:Case–control study
10733:Security of person
10582:Health care reform
10125:Net migration rate
10105:Ethnic composition
9924:Population density
9801:Cities/urban areas
9674:Current population
9654:Lists of countries
9516:Population Matters
9231:Population pyramid
9209:Population density
9204:Population decline
9083:Environment portal
8966:Water purification
8682:Ecology portal
8566:Waste minimisation
8541:Industrial ecology
8536:Cleaner production
8354:Nutrient pollution
8231:Herbicidal warfare
8025:Construction waste
7661:Introduced species
7532:Indoor air quality
7459:Chlorofluorocarbon
7171:Jonathan Medalia,
7110:, 2012) pp. 56–82.
7084:on 11 January 2012
6843:(5259): 246–249 .
6237:10.1002/tqem.21538
5914:, 17 November 2008
5323:The Times of India
4985:The New York Times
4898:1 May 2009 at the
4684:2011-09-27 at the
4599:2020-05-01 at the
4550:2009-10-21 at the
3427:Soil contamination
3273:North Pacific Gyre
3128:
3123:Smog pollution in
3086:Great Smog of 1952
2988:problems with the
2958:
2827:
2731:
2414:Waste minimisation
2371:supported "formal
2335:waste minimization
2307:
2288:
2272:
2247:citizen scientists
2118:tropospheric ozone
2067:becomes dissolved.
2053:
2007:
1847:
1791:, while vital for
1786:
1740:, commonly called
1728:
1691:world's population
1626:
1552:
1436:Soil contamination
1351:Particulate matter
1300:
1189:soil contamination
1040:Ecology portal
665:Herbicidal warfare
209:Introduced species
149:Indoor air quality
119:Chlorofluorocarbon
61:
11619:
11618:
11571:
11570:
11481:Higher education
11312:Positive deviance
11307:Health psychology
11283:Health behavioral
11210:safety management
11184:Social distancing
10958:Population health
10938:Smoking cessation
10886:Pharmacovigilance
10857:Injury prevention
10825:Infection control
10743:Social psychology
10693:Prisoners' rights
10636:Medical sociology
10604:Public health law
10500:Biological hazard
10447:
10446:
10419:Wealth inequality
10414:Unemployment rate
9951:Growth indicators
9813:National capitals
9620:
9619:
9491:7 Billion Actions
9365:Population ethics
9258:Carrying capacity
9167:Population growth
9104:
9103:
8926:Pollution control
8688:
8687:
8561:Pollution control
8241:Nuclear holocaust
8150:Thermal treatment
8118:Plastic pollution
8035:Mercury poisoning
7988:Battery recycling
7887:Radioactive waste
7656:Genetic pollution
7651:Biological hazard
7449:Air quality index
7360:the EPA Superfund
7186:"Garbage Patches"
7054:(2014) pp. 15–21
7011:978-0-8229-7277-8
6743:(11): 1910–1917.
6695:978-1-4292-8342-7
6645:978-0-8018-3987-0
6553:(15): 7192–7197.
6399:(10): 2046–2054.
6072:WorstPolluted.org
5991:978-0-19-973264-7
5958:978-1-4292-7845-4
5896:, 29 January 2016
5875:(February 1990).
5832:978-1-118-96453-8
5710:10.1063/1.1629008
5299:. November 2017.
4605:Purdue University
4534:, R Carlson, 1962
4510:978-0-471-07189-1
4229:978-1-83916-279-4
4185:978-0-12-409548-9
4126:on 5 August 2015.
4066:on 16 August 2022
3952:. 19 January 2016
3594:
3593:
3552:Genetic pollution
3408:Emission standard
3225:test ban treaties
3213:Three Mile Island
3146:contamination at
3102:Noise Control Act
3002:population growth
2924:prehistoric times
2685:Chemical industry
2645:Lead–acid battery
2219:Montreal Protocol
2193:industrialisation
2145:which lowers the
1941:sleep disturbance
1602:fine particulates
1594:lightning strikes
1572:hydrogen sulfides
1547:
1488:Thermal pollution
1440:soil contaminants
1426:Plastic pollution
1388:over-illumination
1294:in the center of
1197:thermal pollution
1185:plastic pollution
1149:industrialization
1130:construction site
1076:
1075:
1011:
1010:
677:Nuclear holocaust
600:Urban heat island
414:Radioactive waste
199:Biological hazard
109:Air quality index
18:Pollution control
16:(Redirected from
11796:
11769:
11761:
11760:
11759:
11752:
11744:
11743:
11742:
11735:
11727:
11726:
11725:
11718:
11710:
11709:
11708:
11701:
11693:
11692:
11691:
11684:
11676:
11675:
11674:
11664:
11648:
11647:
11646:
11636:
11635:
11627:
11607:
11606:
11595:
11594:
11583:
11582:
11477:Health education
11354:
11353:
11208:Food hygiene and
11189:Tropical disease
11001:Infant mortality
10976:Community health
10852:Controlled Drugs
10788:Health promotion
10718:Right to housing
10562:Health economics
10474:
10467:
10460:
10451:
10450:
10438:Lists by country
10149:Urban population
10090:Dependency ratio
9978:Number of deaths
9973:Number of births
9963:Natural increase
9750:Intercontinental
9647:
9640:
9633:
9624:
9623:
9610:
9609:
9598:
9597:
9567:Green Revolution
9348:Two-child policy
9343:One-child policy
9266:
9226:Population model
9182:World population
9131:
9124:
9117:
9108:
9107:
9092:
9091:
9080:
9068:
9067:
9049:
9048:
8971:Waste management
8961:Urban metabolism
8956:Sewage treatment
8946:Renewable energy
8788:
8715:
8708:
8701:
8692:
8691:
8680:
8679:
8678:
8670:
8669:
8660:
8659:
8652:
8651:
8644:
8643:
8631:
8630:
8505:Legacy pollution
8364:Oil exploitation
8226:Chemical warfare
8140:Waste management
8047:Industrial waste
8015:Biomedical waste
7983:Electronic waste
7968:Advertising mail
7952:Phytoremediation
7927:Land degradation
7712:Overillumination
7666:Invasive species
7412:
7405:
7398:
7389:
7388:
7305:
7304:
7294:
7260:
7244:Science Advances
7234:
7228:
7227:
7225:
7223:
7208:
7202:
7201:
7199:
7197:
7182:
7176:
7169:
7163:
7162:
7126:
7120:
7117:
7111:
7100:
7094:
7093:
7091:
7089:
7076:John Tarantino.
7073:
7067:
7061:
7055:
7050:Patrick Allitt,
7048:
7042:
7041:
7039:
7037:
7022:
7016:
7015:
6995:
6989:
6984:Patrick Allitt,
6982:
6976:
6975:
6960:
6949:
6943:
6936:
6930:
6923:
6917:
6916:
6914:
6912:
6901:
6895:
6894:
6892:
6890:
6875:
6869:
6868:
6830:
6824:
6823:
6785:
6779:
6778:
6768:
6728:
6722:
6721:
6715:
6707:
6681:
6672:
6671:
6665:
6657:
6631:
6625:
6624:
6622:
6620:
6613:open.lib.umn.edu
6605:
6599:
6598:
6580:
6570:
6536:
6530:
6529:
6527:
6525:
6510:
6504:
6503:
6501:
6499:
6493:
6485:
6479:
6478:
6441:
6435:
6434:
6408:
6384:
6378:
6377:
6349:
6343:
6342:
6297:
6291:
6290:
6256:
6247:
6241:
6240:
6220:
6214:
6213:
6187:
6163:
6157:
6156:
6154:
6152:
6117:
6111:
6110:
6108:
6106:
6089:
6083:
6082:
6080:
6069:
6061:
6055:
6054:
6052:
6050:
6035:
6029:
6028:
6026:
6024:
6018:www.econport.org
6010:
6004:
6003:
5977:
5971:
5970:
5944:
5933:
5921:
5915:
5903:
5897:
5887:
5881:
5880:
5869:
5863:
5862:
5860:
5858:
5843:
5837:
5836:
5816:
5810:
5809:
5777:
5771:
5770:
5760:
5728:
5722:
5721:
5681:
5675:
5674:
5634:
5628:
5627:
5609:
5591:
5582:
5576:
5575:
5569:
5564:
5562:
5554:
5542:
5536:
5535:
5525:
5500:(7): 3652–3673.
5485:
5479:
5478:
5468:
5440:
5434:
5433:
5415:
5383:
5377:
5376:
5374:
5372:
5362:"Lead poisoning"
5357:
5351:
5344:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5333:
5314:
5308:
5307:
5305:
5294:
5286:
5280:
5279:
5261:
5252:(6): e535–e547.
5233:
5227:
5226:
5224:
5222:
5207:
5201:
5200:
5190:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5139:
5134:on 30 April 2011
5123:
5117:
5116:
5106:
5062:
5056:
5055:
5003:
4997:
4996:
4994:
4992:
4975:
4969:
4968:
4966:
4964:
4947:
4941:
4928:
4922:
4909:
4903:
4890:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4879:
4864:
4858:
4852:
4846:
4829:
4823:
4822:
4804:
4780:
4774:
4773:
4771:
4769:
4763:www.lenntech.com
4755:
4749:
4748:
4720:
4714:
4713:
4711:
4709:
4695:
4689:
4675:
4669:
4658:
4652:
4646:
4640:
4639:
4637:
4635:
4629:
4623:. Archived from
4622:
4614:
4608:
4590:Revolutionary CO
4586:
4580:
4579:
4577:
4575:
4561:
4555:
4541:
4535:
4529:
4523:
4522:
4494:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4480:
4471:. Archived from
4460:
4454:
4453:
4447:
4439:
4437:
4435:
4424:
4418:
4408:
4402:
4385:
4379:
4377:
4358:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4347:
4331:
4325:
4324:
4306:
4296:
4264:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4253:
4239:
4233:
4232:
4221:
4205:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4134:
4128:
4127:
4112:"Drinking Water"
4108:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4097:
4082:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4071:
4062:. Archived from
4052:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4026:
4020:
4013:
4007:
4006:
4000:
3996:
3994:
3986:
3968:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3942:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3931:
3916:
3907:
3906:
3896:
3871:(3): 1510–1521.
3856:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3825:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3811:
3794:
3788:
3787:
3769:
3760:(6): e535–e547.
3741:
3735:
3734:
3716:
3707:(6): e535–e547.
3688:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3656:
3650:
3649:
3633:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3622:
3617:. 13 August 2010
3607:
3477:Marine pollution
3378:
3377:
3291:environmentalism
3238:in 1978 and the
2910:Legacy pollution
2848:marginal benefit
2798:
2735:textile industry
2712:Textile industry
2680:Industrial parks
2670:Artisanal mining
2593:Phytoremediation
2525:Sewage treatment
2454:Thermal oxidizer
2339:land development
2280:thermal oxidizer
2082:Invasive species
2072:greenhouse gases
2070:The emission of
2059:emissions cause
2031:Biomagnification
1951:in children and
1923:irritations and
1687:hazardous wastes
1622:renewable energy
1608:Human generation
1548:
1498:Visual pollution
1416:industrial noise
1273:greenhouse gases
1205:visual pollution
1165:legacy pollution
1110:waste management
1068:
1061:
1054:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1026:
1025:
957:
956:
660:Chemical warfare
562:Waste management
522:Industrial waste
497:Electronic waste
482:Advertising mail
464:Phytoremediation
439:Land degradation
379:Depleted uranium
264:Overillumination
214:Invasive species
86:
63:
62:
56:on the coast of
21:
11804:
11803:
11799:
11798:
11797:
11795:
11794:
11793:
11774:
11773:
11772:
11762:
11757:
11755:
11745:
11740:
11738:
11734:from Wikisource
11728:
11723:
11721:
11711:
11706:
11704:
11694:
11689:
11687:
11683:from Wiktionary
11677:
11672:
11670:
11667:
11663:sister projects
11660:at Knowledge's
11654:
11644:
11642:
11630:
11622:
11620:
11615:
11567:
11538:Margaret Sanger
11506:
11465:
11349:
11347:
11341:
11284:
11278:
11250:Safety scandals
11209:
11203:
11125:
11119:
11053:
11047:
11043:Social medicine
11036:Race and health
10971:Child mortality
10952:
10911:Open defecation
10793:Human nutrition
10783:Family planning
10771:Behavior change
10757:
10713:Right to health
10626:Maternal health
10616:Health politics
10567:Health literacy
10483:
10478:
10448:
10443:
10442:
10423:
10379:Income equality
10332:Employment rate
10301:
10249:Education Index
10232:
10227:Body mass index
10158:
10060:
10008:Life expectancy
10002:
9946:
9932:Current density
9918:
9832:Past and future
9827:
9796:
9745:
9690:
9660:
9651:
9621:
9616:
9586:
9550:
9484:
9482:
9475:
9427:
9406:
9355:Overconsumption
9338:Family planning
9295:
9289:
9262:
9246:
9243:
9235:
9197:
9194:
9186:
9140:
9135:
9105:
9100:
9037:
9011:
8975:
8899:
8890:Systems ecology
8789:
8780:
8741:Biogeochemistry
8724:
8719:
8689:
8684:
8676:
8674:
8664:
8621:
8607:
8575:
8524:
8473:
8440:
8379:Pharmaceuticals
8369:Oil exploration
8273:
8245:Nuclear fallout
8212:
8174:
8156:
8130:Packaging waste
8084:Deep sea mining
8010:Hazardous waste
7956:
7937:Open defecation
7891:
7857:Nuclear fallout
7852:Nuclear fission
7828:
7754:
7723:
7694:Electromagnetic
7688:
7672:
7637:
7557:Ozone depletion
7430:
7421:
7416:
7314:
7309:
7308:
7251:(6): e1600377.
7235:
7231:
7221:
7219:
7209:
7205:
7195:
7193:
7192:. 21 March 2024
7184:
7183:
7179:
7170:
7166:
7127:
7123:
7118:
7114:
7101:
7097:
7087:
7085:
7074:
7070:
7062:
7058:
7049:
7045:
7035:
7033:
7023:
7019:
7012:
6996:
6992:
6983:
6979:
6950:
6946:
6942:(2000) pp 17-18
6937:
6933:
6924:
6920:
6910:
6908:
6903:
6902:
6898:
6888:
6886:
6876:
6872:
6831:
6827:
6798:(4605): 9–17 .
6786:
6782:
6729:
6725:
6709:
6708:
6696:
6682:
6675:
6659:
6658:
6646:
6632:
6628:
6618:
6616:
6607:
6606:
6602:
6537:
6533:
6523:
6521:
6520:. 9 August 2011
6512:
6511:
6507:
6497:
6495:
6491:
6487:
6486:
6482:
6442:
6438:
6385:
6381:
6350:
6346:
6298:
6294:
6254:
6248:
6244:
6221:
6217:
6164:
6160:
6150:
6148:
6118:
6114:
6104:
6102:
6099:The Independent
6090:
6086:
6078:
6067:
6063:
6062:
6058:
6048:
6046:
6045:. 31 March 2016
6037:
6036:
6032:
6022:
6020:
6012:
6011:
6007:
5992:
5978:
5974:
5959:
5945:
5936:
5922:
5918:
5904:
5900:
5894:Washington Post
5888:
5884:
5870:
5866:
5856:
5854:
5845:
5844:
5840:
5833:
5817:
5813:
5778:
5774:
5729:
5725:
5682:
5678:
5635:
5631:
5589:
5583:
5579:
5567:
5565:
5556:
5555:
5543:
5539:
5486:
5482:
5441:
5437:
5384:
5380:
5370:
5368:
5358:
5354:
5345:
5341:
5331:
5329:
5315:
5311:
5303:
5292:
5288:
5287:
5283:
5234:
5230:
5220:
5218:
5209:
5208:
5204:
5151:
5147:
5137:
5135:
5124:
5120:
5063:
5059:
5004:
5000:
4990:
4988:
4976:
4972:
4962:
4960:
4948:
4944:
4938:Wayback Machine
4929:
4925:
4919:Wayback Machine
4910:
4906:
4900:Wayback Machine
4891:
4887:
4877:
4875:
4866:
4865:
4861:
4853:
4849:
4839:Wayback Machine
4830:
4826:
4781:
4777:
4767:
4765:
4757:
4756:
4752:
4721:
4717:
4707:
4705:
4697:
4696:
4692:
4688:". CDIAC. 2008.
4686:Wayback Machine
4676:
4672:
4665:
4659:
4655:
4647:
4643:
4633:
4631:
4627:
4620:
4618:"Waste Watcher"
4616:
4615:
4611:
4607:. 7 April 2008.
4601:Wayback Machine
4593:
4587:
4583:
4573:
4571:
4563:
4562:
4558:
4552:Wayback Machine
4542:
4538:
4530:
4526:
4511:
4495:
4488:
4478:
4476:
4461:
4457:
4441:
4440:
4433:
4431:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4409:
4405:
4395:Wayback Machine
4386:
4382:
4362:Ritchie, Hannah
4359:
4355:
4345:
4343:
4333:
4332:
4328:
4265:
4261:
4251:
4249:
4241:
4240:
4236:
4230:
4206:
4202:
4186:
4164:
4160:
4135:
4131:
4110:
4109:
4105:
4095:
4093:
4084:
4083:
4079:
4069:
4067:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4039:
4037:
4027:
4023:
4014:
4010:
3998:
3997:
3988:
3987:
3983:
3969:
3965:
3955:
3953:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3929:
3927:
3917:
3910:
3857:
3850:
3840:
3838:
3826:
3819:
3809:
3807:
3795:
3791:
3742:
3738:
3689:
3682:
3672:
3670:
3662:(18 May 2022).
3657:
3653:
3634:
3630:
3620:
3618:
3615:Merriam-Webster
3609:
3608:
3604:
3599:
3562:Light pollution
3522:Citizen science
3513:
3463:
3459:Water pollution
3431:
3388:
3307:
3262:bioaccumulation
3240:Bhopal disaster
3197:Nuclear weapons
3134:dumping in the
3110:Clean Water Act
3035:Imperial German
3031:
2982:
2917:
2912:
2902:
2811:
2805:
2785:
2780:
2779:
2722:
2714:
2634:
2614:externalization
2601:
2581:Ultrafiltration
2542:Aerated lagoons
2435:
2400:
2327:overconsumption
2266:, east-central
2256:
2251:
2250:
2241:. Governments,
2215:trade in wastes
2211:water pollution
2183:or the broader
2174:To protect the
2171:
2163:
2139:nitrogen oxides
2100:Nitrogen oxides
2094:competitiveness
2066:
1997:
1988:
1971:substances can
1898:water pollution
1839:
1821:
1816:
1783:
1781:
1772:
1766:
1711:
1698:
1672:livestock farms
1652:chemical plants
1610:
1541:
1539:
1404:Noise pollution
1384:Light pollution
1364:
1360:
1331:nitrogen oxides
1319:carbon monoxide
1269:noise pollution
1265:
1201:light pollution
1181:noise pollution
1173:water pollution
1072:
1034:
1032:
1020:
1013:
1012:
912:
904:
903:
877:
869:
868:
804:Pharmaceuticals
784:Nonpoint source
724:
714:
713:
682:Nuclear fallout
655:
645:
644:
615:
605:
604:
595:
585:
584:
575:
567:
566:
552:Packaging waste
517:Hazardous waste
477:
469:
468:
429:
419:
418:
389:Nuclear fallout
384:Nuclear fission
364:
354:
353:
319:
309:
308:
284:
276:
275:
249:
247:Electromagnetic
239:
238:
229:
221:
220:
194:
184:
183:
154:Ozone depletion
99:
89:
45:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11802:
11792:
11791:
11786:
11771:
11770:
11753:
11751:from Wikibooks
11736:
11719:
11717:from Wikiquote
11702:
11685:
11656:
11653:
11652:
11640:
11617:
11616:
11614:
11613:
11601:
11589:
11576:
11573:
11572:
11569:
11568:
11566:
11565:
11560:
11555:
11550:
11545:
11540:
11535:
11530:
11525:
11520:
11514:
11512:
11508:
11507:
11505:
11504:
11503:
11502:
11497:
11492:
11487:
11479:
11473:
11471:
11467:
11466:
11464:
11463:
11456:
11451:
11446:
11445:
11444:
11439:
11434:
11429:
11421:
11420:
11419:
11414:
11406:
11405:
11404:
11396:
11395:
11394:
11389:
11381:
11380:
11379:
11371:
11370:
11369:
11360:
11358:
11351:
11346:Organizations,
11343:
11342:
11340:
11339:
11334:
11329:
11324:
11319:
11314:
11309:
11304:
11299:
11294:
11288:
11286:
11280:
11279:
11277:
11276:
11275:
11274:
11269:
11259:
11254:
11253:
11252:
11247:
11242:
11237:
11232:
11227:
11222:
11213:
11211:
11205:
11204:
11202:
11201:
11196:
11191:
11186:
11181:
11176:
11171:
11170:
11169:
11159:
11158:
11157:
11147:
11146:
11145:
11135:
11129:
11127:
11121:
11120:
11118:
11117:
11112:
11111:
11110:
11102:
11093:
11088:
11083:
11073:
11068:
11063:
11057:
11055:
11052:Biological and
11049:
11048:
11046:
11045:
11040:
11039:
11038:
11033:
11028:
11018:
11013:
11011:Multimorbidity
11008:
11003:
10998:
10993:
10988:
10983:
10978:
10973:
10968:
10962:
10960:
10954:
10953:
10951:
10950:
10948:Vector control
10945:
10940:
10935:
10933:School hygiene
10930:
10929:
10928:
10923:
10918:
10916:Sanitary sewer
10913:
10908:
10903:
10893:
10888:
10883:
10882:
10881:
10874:Patient safety
10871:
10870:
10869:
10864:
10859:
10854:
10849:
10844:
10834:
10833:
10832:
10827:
10822:
10817:
10807:
10806:
10805:
10800:
10790:
10785:
10780:
10779:
10778:
10767:
10765:
10759:
10758:
10756:
10755:
10750:
10745:
10740:
10735:
10730:
10725:
10720:
10715:
10710:
10705:
10700:
10695:
10690:
10689:
10688:
10683:
10678:
10673:
10668:
10658:
10653:
10648:
10638:
10633:
10628:
10623:
10618:
10613:
10612:
10611:
10606:
10596:
10591:
10586:
10585:
10584:
10579:
10569:
10564:
10559:
10557:Harm reduction
10554:
10549:
10544:
10539:
10538:
10537:
10532:
10522:
10517:
10512:
10507:
10502:
10497:
10491:
10489:
10485:
10484:
10477:
10476:
10469:
10462:
10454:
10445:
10444:
10441:
10440:
10435:
10429:
10428:
10425:
10424:
10422:
10421:
10416:
10411:
10406:
10401:
10396:
10391:
10386:
10381:
10376:
10371:
10366:
10361:
10360:
10359:
10354:
10349:
10339:
10334:
10329:
10328:
10327:
10317:
10311:
10309:
10303:
10302:
10300:
10299:
10294:
10289:
10283:
10277:
10271:
10266:
10261:
10256:
10251:
10246:
10240:
10238:
10234:
10233:
10231:
10230:
10224:
10219:
10214:
10209:
10204:
10199:
10194:
10189:
10184:
10179:
10174:
10168:
10166:
10160:
10159:
10157:
10156:
10151:
10146:
10141:
10132:
10127:
10122:
10117:
10112:
10107:
10102:
10097:
10092:
10087:
10082:
10077:
10071:
10069:
10062:
10061:
10059:
10058:
10053:
10048:
10043:
10038:
10033:
10028:
10023:
10018:
10012:
10010:
10004:
10003:
10001:
10000:
9995:
9993:Fertility rate
9990:
9988:Mortality rate
9985:
9980:
9975:
9970:
9965:
9960:
9954:
9952:
9948:
9947:
9945:
9944:
9939:
9934:
9928:
9926:
9920:
9919:
9917:
9916:
9911:
9906:
9901:
9896:
9891:
9886:
9881:
9876:
9871:
9866:
9861:
9856:
9851:
9846:
9841:
9835:
9833:
9829:
9828:
9826:
9825:
9820:
9815:
9810:
9804:
9802:
9798:
9797:
9795:
9794:
9789:
9784:
9779:
9777:European Union
9774:
9769:
9764:
9759:
9753:
9751:
9747:
9746:
9744:
9743:
9738:
9733:
9732:
9731:
9721:
9716:
9711:
9706:
9700:
9698:
9692:
9691:
9689:
9688:
9683:
9682:
9681:
9679:United Nations
9670:
9668:
9662:
9661:
9650:
9649:
9642:
9635:
9627:
9618:
9617:
9615:
9614:
9604:
9591:
9588:
9587:
9585:
9584:
9582:Sustainability
9579:
9574:
9569:
9564:
9558:
9556:
9555:Related topics
9552:
9551:
9549:
9548:
9543:
9538:
9533:
9528:
9523:
9518:
9513:
9508:
9503:
9498:
9493:
9487:
9485:
9480:
9477:
9476:
9474:
9473:
9468:
9467:
9466:
9461:
9456:
9446:
9444:Largest cities
9441:
9435:
9433:
9429:
9428:
9426:
9425:
9420:
9414:
9412:
9408:
9407:
9405:
9404:
9399:
9394:
9393:
9392:
9387:
9382:
9377:
9372:
9362:
9357:
9352:
9351:
9350:
9345:
9340:
9335:
9325:
9324:
9323:
9313:
9305:
9299:
9297:
9291:
9290:
9288:
9287:
9282:
9277:
9272:
9267:
9264:I = P × A × T
9260:
9255:
9249:
9247:
9240:
9237:
9236:
9234:
9233:
9228:
9223:
9218:
9217:
9216:
9206:
9200:
9198:
9191:
9188:
9187:
9185:
9184:
9179:
9174:
9169:
9164:
9159:
9154:
9148:
9146:
9142:
9141:
9134:
9133:
9126:
9119:
9111:
9102:
9101:
9099:
9098:
9086:
9074:
9062:
9061:
9060:
9042:
9039:
9038:
9036:
9035:
9033:Technogaianism
9030:
9028:Sustainability
9025:
9019:
9017:
9013:
9012:
9010:
9009:
9004:
8999:
8994:
8989:
8983:
8981:
8977:
8976:
8974:
8973:
8968:
8963:
8958:
8953:
8948:
8943:
8938:
8933:
8928:
8923:
8918:
8913:
8907:
8905:
8901:
8900:
8898:
8897:
8892:
8887:
8882:
8877:
8872:
8867:
8862:
8857:
8852:
8847:
8846:
8845:
8835:
8830:
8825:
8820:
8815:
8814:
8813:
8803:
8797:
8795:
8794:Related fields
8791:
8790:
8783:
8781:
8779:
8778:
8773:
8768:
8763:
8758:
8753:
8748:
8743:
8738:
8732:
8730:
8726:
8725:
8718:
8717:
8710:
8703:
8695:
8686:
8685:
8626:
8623:
8622:
8620:
8619:
8614:
8609:
8605:
8601:
8596:
8594:Law by country
8591:
8585:
8583:
8577:
8576:
8574:
8573:
8568:
8563:
8558:
8553:
8548:
8543:
8538:
8532:
8530:
8526:
8525:
8523:
8522:
8517:
8512:
8507:
8502:
8497:
8492:
8487:
8481:
8479:
8475:
8474:
8472:
8471:
8466:
8465:
8464:
8459:
8448:
8446:
8442:
8441:
8439:
8438:
8433:
8428:
8423:
8418:
8416:Surface runoff
8413:
8408:
8403:
8398:
8397:
8396:
8391:
8381:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8361:
8356:
8351:
8346:
8341:
8340:
8339:
8329:
8324:
8319:
8314:
8309:
8304:
8302:Eutrophication
8299:
8294:
8289:
8283:
8281:
8275:
8274:
8272:
8271:
8266:
8261:
8259:Scorched earth
8256:
8253:nuclear winter
8249:nuclear famine
8238:
8228:
8222:
8220:
8214:
8213:
8211:
8210:
8205:
8200:
8195:
8190:
8184:
8182:
8176:
8175:
8173:
8172:
8166:
8164:
8158:
8157:
8155:
8154:
8153:
8152:
8147:
8137:
8132:
8127:
8126:
8125:
8115:
8110:
8109:
8108:
8098:
8097:
8096:
8094:Uranium mining
8091:
8086:
8081:
8079:Surface mining
8076:
8071:
8061:
8056:
8055:
8054:
8044:
8043:
8042:
8037:
8032:
8030:Lead poisoning
8027:
8022:
8020:Chemical waste
8017:
8007:
8002:
7997:
7992:
7991:
7990:
7980:
7975:
7970:
7964:
7962:
7958:
7957:
7955:
7954:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7934:
7932:Bioremediation
7929:
7924:
7923:
7922:
7917:
7912:
7901:
7899:
7893:
7892:
7890:
7889:
7884:
7879:
7874:
7869:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7847:Bioremediation
7844:
7838:
7836:
7830:
7829:
7827:
7826:
7821:
7818:
7815:
7812:
7811:
7810:
7800:
7795:
7794:
7793:
7788:
7783:
7778:
7773:
7768:Transportation
7764:
7762:
7756:
7755:
7753:
7752:
7747:
7742:
7737:
7731:
7729:
7725:
7724:
7722:
7721:
7716:
7715:
7714:
7709:
7698:
7696:
7690:
7689:
7687:
7686:
7680:
7678:
7674:
7673:
7671:
7670:
7669:
7668:
7658:
7653:
7647:
7645:
7639:
7638:
7636:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7624:
7623:
7613:
7612:
7611:
7601:
7596:
7591:
7590:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7559:
7554:
7549:
7544:
7542:Global dimming
7539:
7534:
7529:
7528:
7527:
7517:
7516:
7515:
7513:Diesel exhaust
7505:
7500:
7499:
7498:
7488:
7487:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7471:
7461:
7456:
7451:
7446:
7440:
7438:
7432:
7431:
7426:
7423:
7422:
7415:
7414:
7407:
7400:
7392:
7386:
7385:
7380:
7374:
7368:
7362:
7353:
7336:
7330:
7320:
7313:
7312:External links
7310:
7307:
7306:
7229:
7203:
7177:
7164:
7121:
7112:
7095:
7068:
7056:
7043:
7017:
7010:
6990:
6977:
6963:Chisholm, Hugh
6958:"Berlin"
6944:
6931:
6918:
6896:
6870:
6825:
6780:
6723:
6694:
6686:Microeconomics
6673:
6644:
6626:
6615:. 17 June 2016
6600:
6531:
6505:
6480:
6436:
6379:
6344:
6292:
6242:
6215:
6178:(2): 163–203.
6158:
6132:(4): 189–200.
6112:
6084:
6056:
6030:
6005:
5990:
5972:
5957:
5934:
5916:
5898:
5882:
5864:
5851:United Nations
5838:
5831:
5811:
5772:
5723:
5676:
5649:(1): 173–201.
5629:
5600:(1): 151–172.
5577:
5568:|journal=
5537:
5480:
5457:10.3386/w25489
5435:
5378:
5352:
5339:
5309:
5281:
5228:
5202:
5145:
5118:
5081:(1): e25–e38.
5057:
4998:
4970:
4942:
4923:
4904:
4885:
4859:
4847:
4824:
4775:
4750:
4715:
4690:
4670:
4663:
4653:
4641:
4630:on 10 May 2020
4609:
4591:
4581:
4556:
4536:
4524:
4509:
4486:
4475:on 11 May 2017
4469:Cdiac.ornl.gov
4455:
4419:
4403:
4380:
4353:
4326:
4279:(2): 746–755.
4259:
4234:
4228:
4200:
4184:
4158:
4129:
4103:
4077:
4047:
4035:Beat Pollution
4021:
4008:
3981:
3963:
3937:
3908:
3848:
3817:
3789:
3736:
3680:
3660:Dickie, Gloria
3651:
3628:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3557:Heat pollution
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3527:Climate change
3524:
3519:
3506:
3505:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3482:Ship pollution
3479:
3474:
3469:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3415:
3413:Greenhouse gas
3410:
3405:
3399:
3394:
3376:
3375:
3373:Sacrifice zone
3370:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3336:Overpopulation
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3306:
3303:
3283:in the water.
3245:global warming
3030:
3027:
2981:
2978:
2916:
2913:
2901:
2898:
2875:market failure
2804:
2801:
2784:
2781:
2723:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2648:
2633:
2630:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2567:
2562:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2544:
2539:
2533:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2485:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2463:
2461:Bioremediation
2458:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2429:
2424:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2399:
2396:
2325:products from
2296:dust collector
2255:
2252:
2235:Kyoto Protocol
2172:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2149:value of soil.
2135:Sulfur dioxide
2132:
2121:
2114:photosynthesis
2107:
2097:
2079:
2076:global warming
2068:
2064:
2057:Carbon dioxide
2054:
2039:trophic levels
1996:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1829:Toxic hotspots
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1793:photosynthesis
1789:Carbon dioxide
1779:
1768:Main article:
1765:
1762:
1709:
1696:
1680:heavy industry
1660:oil refineries
1609:
1606:
1560:climate change
1538:
1537:Natural causes
1535:
1534:
1533:
1530:surface runoff
1525:
1495:
1485:
1478:alpha emitters
1474:atomic physics
1467:
1433:
1423:
1412:aircraft noise
1401:
1395:
1381:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1323:sulfur dioxide
1298:in August 2010
1296:Moscow, Russia
1282:United Nations
1280:contrast, the
1264:
1261:
1155:and pollution
1074:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1063:
1056:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1030:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1006:
998:
997:
993:
992:
991:
990:
985:
980:
975:
973:Law by country
970:
962:
961:
955:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
913:
910:
909:
906:
905:
902:
901:
900:
899:
894:
884:
878:
875:
874:
871:
870:
867:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
844:Surface runoff
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
744:Eutrophication
741:
736:
731:
725:
720:
719:
716:
715:
712:
711:
706:
701:
699:Scorched earth
696:
695:
694:
692:Nuclear winter
689:
687:Nuclear famine
684:
674:
673:
672:
662:
656:
651:
650:
647:
646:
643:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
616:
611:
610:
607:
606:
603:
602:
596:
591:
590:
587:
586:
583:
582:
576:
573:
572:
569:
568:
565:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
478:
475:
474:
471:
470:
467:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
444:Bioremediation
441:
436:
430:
425:
424:
421:
420:
417:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
374:Bioremediation
371:
365:
360:
359:
356:
355:
352:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
324:Transportation
320:
315:
314:
311:
310:
307:
306:
301:
296:
291:
285:
282:
281:
278:
277:
274:
273:
271:Radio spectrum
268:
267:
266:
261:
250:
245:
244:
241:
240:
237:
236:
230:
227:
226:
223:
222:
219:
218:
217:
216:
206:
201:
195:
190:
189:
186:
185:
182:
181:
176:
171:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
141:
139:Global dimming
136:
131:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
100:
95:
94:
91:
90:
87:
79:
78:
72:
71:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11801:
11790:
11787:
11785:
11782:
11781:
11779:
11768:from Wikidata
11767:
11766:
11754:
11750:
11749:
11737:
11733:
11732:
11720:
11716:
11715:
11703:
11699:
11698:
11686:
11682:
11681:
11669:
11668:
11665:
11659:
11651:
11641:
11639:
11634:
11629:
11628:
11625:
11612:
11611:
11602:
11600:
11599:
11590:
11588:
11587:
11578:
11577:
11574:
11564:
11561:
11559:
11556:
11554:
11551:
11549:
11546:
11544:
11541:
11539:
11536:
11534:
11533:Joseph Lister
11531:
11529:
11526:
11524:
11521:
11519:
11516:
11515:
11513:
11509:
11501:
11498:
11496:
11493:
11491:
11488:
11486:
11483:
11482:
11480:
11478:
11475:
11474:
11472:
11468:
11461:
11457:
11455:
11452:
11450:
11447:
11443:
11440:
11438:
11435:
11433:
11430:
11428:
11425:
11424:
11422:
11418:
11415:
11413:
11412:Health Canada
11410:
11409:
11407:
11403:
11400:
11399:
11397:
11393:
11390:
11388:
11385:
11384:
11382:
11378:
11375:
11374:
11372:
11368:
11365:
11364:
11362:
11361:
11359:
11357:Organizations
11355:
11352:
11344:
11338:
11335:
11333:
11330:
11328:
11325:
11323:
11320:
11318:
11315:
11313:
11310:
11308:
11305:
11303:
11300:
11298:
11295:
11293:
11290:
11289:
11287:
11281:
11273:
11270:
11268:
11265:
11264:
11263:
11260:
11258:
11255:
11251:
11248:
11246:
11243:
11241:
11238:
11236:
11233:
11231:
11228:
11226:
11223:
11221:
11218:
11217:
11215:
11214:
11212:
11206:
11200:
11197:
11195:
11194:Vaccine trial
11192:
11190:
11187:
11185:
11182:
11180:
11177:
11175:
11172:
11168:
11165:
11164:
11163:
11160:
11156:
11153:
11152:
11151:
11148:
11144:
11141:
11140:
11139:
11136:
11134:
11131:
11130:
11128:
11122:
11116:
11113:
11109:
11107:
11103:
11101:
11099:
11094:
11092:
11089:
11087:
11084:
11082:
11079:
11078:
11077:
11074:
11072:
11071:Relative risk
11069:
11067:
11064:
11062:
11059:
11058:
11056:
11050:
11044:
11041:
11037:
11034:
11032:
11031:Health equity
11029:
11027:
11024:
11023:
11022:
11019:
11017:
11014:
11012:
11009:
11007:
11004:
11002:
10999:
10997:
10996:Health system
10994:
10992:
10989:
10987:
10986:Global health
10984:
10982:
10979:
10977:
10974:
10972:
10969:
10967:
10966:Biostatistics
10964:
10963:
10961:
10959:
10955:
10949:
10946:
10944:
10941:
10939:
10936:
10934:
10931:
10927:
10924:
10922:
10919:
10917:
10914:
10912:
10909:
10907:
10904:
10902:
10899:
10898:
10897:
10894:
10892:
10889:
10887:
10884:
10880:
10877:
10876:
10875:
10872:
10868:
10865:
10863:
10860:
10858:
10855:
10853:
10850:
10848:
10845:
10843:
10840:
10839:
10838:
10835:
10831:
10828:
10826:
10823:
10821:
10818:
10816:
10813:
10812:
10811:
10808:
10804:
10801:
10799:
10796:
10795:
10794:
10791:
10789:
10786:
10784:
10781:
10777:
10774:
10773:
10772:
10769:
10768:
10766:
10764:
10760:
10754:
10751:
10749:
10746:
10744:
10741:
10739:
10736:
10734:
10731:
10729:
10726:
10724:
10721:
10719:
10716:
10714:
10711:
10709:
10708:Right to food
10706:
10704:
10701:
10699:
10696:
10694:
10691:
10687:
10684:
10682:
10679:
10677:
10674:
10672:
10669:
10667:
10664:
10663:
10662:
10659:
10657:
10654:
10652:
10649:
10646:
10642:
10641:Mental health
10639:
10637:
10634:
10632:
10629:
10627:
10624:
10622:
10619:
10617:
10614:
10610:
10607:
10605:
10602:
10601:
10600:
10597:
10595:
10592:
10590:
10589:Housing First
10587:
10583:
10580:
10578:
10577:Health system
10575:
10574:
10573:
10572:Health policy
10570:
10568:
10565:
10563:
10560:
10558:
10555:
10553:
10550:
10548:
10545:
10543:
10540:
10536:
10533:
10531:
10528:
10527:
10526:
10523:
10521:
10518:
10516:
10513:
10511:
10508:
10506:
10503:
10501:
10498:
10496:
10493:
10492:
10490:
10486:
10482:
10481:Public health
10475:
10470:
10468:
10463:
10461:
10456:
10455:
10452:
10439:
10436:
10434:
10431:
10430:
10426:
10420:
10417:
10415:
10412:
10410:
10409:Public sector
10407:
10405:
10402:
10400:
10397:
10395:
10392:
10390:
10387:
10385:
10382:
10380:
10377:
10375:
10372:
10370:
10367:
10365:
10362:
10358:
10355:
10353:
10350:
10348:
10345:
10344:
10343:
10340:
10338:
10335:
10333:
10330:
10326:
10323:
10322:
10321:
10318:
10316:
10313:
10312:
10310:
10308:
10304:
10298:
10295:
10293:
10290:
10287:
10284:
10281:
10278:
10275:
10272:
10270:
10267:
10265:
10264:Literacy rate
10262:
10260:
10257:
10255:
10252:
10250:
10247:
10245:
10242:
10241:
10239:
10235:
10228:
10225:
10223:
10220:
10218:
10215:
10213:
10210:
10208:
10205:
10203:
10200:
10198:
10195:
10193:
10190:
10188:
10185:
10183:
10180:
10178:
10175:
10173:
10170:
10169:
10167:
10165:
10161:
10155:
10152:
10150:
10147:
10145:
10142:
10140:
10136:
10133:
10131:
10128:
10126:
10123:
10121:
10118:
10116:
10113:
10111:
10108:
10106:
10103:
10101:
10098:
10096:
10093:
10091:
10088:
10086:
10085:Age structure
10083:
10081:
10078:
10076:
10073:
10072:
10070:
10068:
10063:
10057:
10054:
10052:
10051:world regions
10049:
10047:
10046:South America
10044:
10042:
10039:
10037:
10036:North America
10034:
10032:
10029:
10027:
10024:
10022:
10019:
10017:
10014:
10013:
10011:
10009:
10005:
9999:
9996:
9994:
9991:
9989:
9986:
9984:
9981:
9979:
9976:
9974:
9971:
9969:
9966:
9964:
9961:
9959:
9956:
9955:
9953:
9949:
9943:
9940:
9938:
9935:
9933:
9930:
9929:
9927:
9925:
9921:
9915:
9912:
9910:
9907:
9905:
9902:
9900:
9897:
9895:
9892:
9890:
9887:
9885:
9882:
9880:
9877:
9875:
9872:
9870:
9867:
9865:
9862:
9860:
9857:
9855:
9852:
9850:
9847:
9845:
9842:
9840:
9837:
9836:
9834:
9830:
9824:
9823:Megalopolises
9821:
9819:
9816:
9814:
9811:
9809:
9806:
9805:
9803:
9799:
9793:
9790:
9788:
9787:Latin America
9785:
9783:
9780:
9778:
9775:
9773:
9770:
9768:
9765:
9763:
9760:
9758:
9755:
9754:
9752:
9748:
9742:
9741:South America
9739:
9737:
9734:
9730:
9727:
9726:
9725:
9724:North America
9722:
9720:
9717:
9715:
9712:
9710:
9707:
9705:
9702:
9701:
9699:
9697:
9693:
9687:
9684:
9680:
9677:
9676:
9675:
9672:
9671:
9669:
9667:
9663:
9659:
9655:
9648:
9643:
9641:
9636:
9634:
9629:
9628:
9625:
9613:
9605:
9603:
9602:
9593:
9592:
9589:
9583:
9580:
9578:
9575:
9573:
9570:
9568:
9565:
9563:
9562:Bennett's law
9560:
9559:
9557:
9553:
9547:
9544:
9542:
9539:
9537:
9534:
9532:
9529:
9527:
9524:
9522:
9519:
9517:
9514:
9512:
9509:
9507:
9504:
9502:
9499:
9497:
9494:
9492:
9489:
9488:
9486:
9483:organizations
9478:
9472:
9469:
9465:
9462:
9460:
9457:
9455:
9452:
9451:
9450:
9447:
9445:
9442:
9440:
9437:
9436:
9434:
9430:
9424:
9421:
9419:
9416:
9415:
9413:
9409:
9403:
9400:
9398:
9395:
9391:
9388:
9386:
9383:
9381:
9378:
9376:
9373:
9371:
9368:
9367:
9366:
9363:
9361:
9358:
9356:
9353:
9349:
9346:
9344:
9341:
9339:
9336:
9334:
9331:
9330:
9329:
9326:
9322:
9319:
9318:
9317:
9314:
9312:
9310:
9306:
9304:
9301:
9300:
9298:
9292:
9286:
9283:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9271:
9270:Kaya identity
9268:
9265:
9261:
9259:
9256:
9254:
9251:
9250:
9248:
9245:
9238:
9232:
9229:
9227:
9224:
9222:
9219:
9215:
9212:
9211:
9210:
9207:
9205:
9202:
9201:
9199:
9196:
9189:
9183:
9180:
9178:
9175:
9173:
9170:
9168:
9165:
9163:
9160:
9158:
9155:
9153:
9150:
9149:
9147:
9143:
9139:
9132:
9127:
9125:
9120:
9118:
9113:
9112:
9109:
9097:
9096:
9087:
9085:
9084:
9079:
9075:
9073:
9072:
9063:
9059:
9056:
9055:
9054:
9053:
9044:
9043:
9040:
9034:
9031:
9029:
9026:
9024:
9021:
9020:
9018:
9014:
9008:
9005:
9003:
9000:
8998:
8995:
8993:
8990:
8988:
8985:
8984:
8982:
8978:
8972:
8969:
8967:
8964:
8962:
8959:
8957:
8954:
8952:
8949:
8947:
8944:
8942:
8939:
8937:
8934:
8932:
8929:
8927:
8924:
8922:
8919:
8917:
8914:
8912:
8909:
8908:
8906:
8902:
8896:
8895:Urban ecology
8893:
8891:
8888:
8886:
8883:
8881:
8878:
8876:
8873:
8871:
8868:
8866:
8863:
8861:
8858:
8856:
8853:
8851:
8848:
8844:
8841:
8840:
8839:
8836:
8834:
8831:
8829:
8826:
8824:
8821:
8819:
8816:
8812:
8809:
8808:
8807:
8804:
8802:
8799:
8798:
8796:
8792:
8787:
8777:
8774:
8772:
8769:
8767:
8764:
8762:
8759:
8757:
8754:
8752:
8749:
8747:
8744:
8742:
8739:
8737:
8734:
8733:
8731:
8727:
8723:
8716:
8711:
8709:
8704:
8702:
8697:
8696:
8693:
8683:
8673:
8668:
8663:
8655:
8647:
8638:
8634:
8624:
8618:
8615:
8613:
8610:
8608:
8602:
8600:
8597:
8595:
8592:
8590:
8587:
8586:
8584:
8582:
8578:
8572:
8569:
8567:
8564:
8562:
8559:
8557:
8554:
8552:
8549:
8547:
8544:
8542:
8539:
8537:
8534:
8533:
8531:
8527:
8521:
8518:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8506:
8503:
8501:
8498:
8496:
8493:
8491:
8488:
8486:
8483:
8482:
8480:
8476:
8470:
8467:
8463:
8460:
8458:
8455:
8454:
8453:
8450:
8449:
8447:
8443:
8437:
8436:Water quality
8434:
8432:
8429:
8427:
8424:
8422:
8419:
8417:
8414:
8412:
8409:
8407:
8404:
8402:
8399:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8386:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8365:
8362:
8360:
8357:
8355:
8352:
8350:
8347:
8345:
8342:
8338:
8335:
8334:
8333:
8330:
8328:
8325:
8323:
8320:
8318:
8315:
8313:
8310:
8308:
8305:
8303:
8300:
8298:
8295:
8293:
8290:
8288:
8285:
8284:
8282:
8280:
8276:
8270:
8267:
8265:
8262:
8260:
8257:
8254:
8250:
8246:
8242:
8239:
8236:
8232:
8229:
8227:
8224:
8223:
8221:
8219:
8215:
8209:
8206:
8204:
8201:
8199:
8198:Traffic signs
8196:
8194:
8191:
8189:
8186:
8185:
8183:
8181:
8177:
8171:
8168:
8167:
8165:
8163:
8159:
8151:
8148:
8146:
8143:
8142:
8141:
8138:
8136:
8133:
8131:
8128:
8124:
8123:Microplastics
8121:
8120:
8119:
8116:
8114:
8113:Nanomaterials
8111:
8107:
8104:
8103:
8102:
8099:
8095:
8092:
8090:
8087:
8085:
8082:
8080:
8077:
8075:
8072:
8070:
8067:
8066:
8065:
8062:
8060:
8057:
8053:
8052:Lead smelting
8050:
8049:
8048:
8045:
8041:
8038:
8036:
8033:
8031:
8028:
8026:
8023:
8021:
8018:
8016:
8013:
8012:
8011:
8008:
8006:
8003:
8001:
7998:
7996:
7993:
7989:
7986:
7985:
7984:
7981:
7979:
7976:
7974:
7971:
7969:
7966:
7965:
7963:
7959:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7935:
7933:
7930:
7928:
7925:
7921:
7918:
7916:
7913:
7911:
7908:
7907:
7906:
7903:
7902:
7900:
7898:
7894:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7872:Radioactivity
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7839:
7837:
7835:
7831:
7825:
7824:Noise control
7822:
7819:
7816:
7813:
7809:
7806:
7805:
7804:
7801:
7799:
7796:
7792:
7789:
7787:
7784:
7782:
7779:
7777:
7774:
7771:
7770:
7769:
7766:
7765:
7763:
7761:
7757:
7751:
7748:
7746:
7743:
7741:
7738:
7736:
7733:
7732:
7730:
7726:
7720:
7717:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
7704:
7703:
7700:
7699:
7697:
7695:
7691:
7685:
7682:
7681:
7679:
7675:
7667:
7664:
7663:
7662:
7659:
7657:
7654:
7652:
7649:
7648:
7646:
7644:
7640:
7634:
7631:
7629:
7626:
7622:
7619:
7618:
7617:
7614:
7610:
7607:
7606:
7605:
7602:
7600:
7597:
7595:
7592:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7572:Metal working
7570:
7568:
7565:
7564:
7563:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7526:
7523:
7522:
7521:
7518:
7514:
7511:
7510:
7509:
7506:
7504:
7501:
7497:
7494:
7493:
7492:
7489:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7466:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7441:
7439:
7437:
7433:
7429:
7424:
7420:
7413:
7408:
7406:
7401:
7399:
7394:
7393:
7390:
7384:
7381:
7378:
7375:
7372:
7369:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7357:
7354:
7352:
7348:
7344:
7340:
7337:
7334:
7331:
7328:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7315:
7302:
7298:
7293:
7288:
7284:
7280:
7276:
7272:
7268:
7264:
7259:
7254:
7250:
7246:
7245:
7240:
7233:
7218:
7214:
7207:
7191:
7187:
7181:
7174:
7168:
7160:
7156:
7152:
7148:
7144:
7140:
7136:
7132:
7125:
7116:
7109:
7105:
7099:
7083:
7079:
7072:
7065:
7060:
7053:
7047:
7032:
7028:
7021:
7013:
7007:
7003:
7002:
6994:
6988:(2014) p 206
6987:
6981:
6974:
6970:
6969:
6964:
6959:
6954:
6948:
6941:
6935:
6928:
6925:Lee Jackson,
6922:
6906:
6905:"Deadly Smog"
6900:
6885:
6881:
6874:
6866:
6862:
6858:
6854:
6850:
6846:
6842:
6838:
6837:
6829:
6821:
6817:
6813:
6809:
6805:
6801:
6797:
6793:
6792:
6784:
6776:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6758:
6754:
6750:
6746:
6742:
6738:
6734:
6727:
6719:
6713:
6705:
6701:
6697:
6691:
6687:
6680:
6678:
6669:
6663:
6655:
6651:
6647:
6641:
6637:
6630:
6614:
6610:
6604:
6596:
6592:
6588:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6560:
6556:
6552:
6548:
6547:
6542:
6535:
6519:
6515:
6509:
6490:
6484:
6476:
6472:
6468:
6464:
6460:
6456:
6453:(4): 105277.
6452:
6448:
6440:
6432:
6428:
6424:
6420:
6416:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6398:
6394:
6390:
6383:
6375:
6371:
6367:
6363:
6359:
6355:
6348:
6340:
6336:
6332:
6328:
6324:
6320:
6316:
6312:
6308:
6304:
6296:
6288:
6284:
6280:
6276:
6272:
6268:
6265:(2): 105012.
6264:
6260:
6253:
6246:
6238:
6234:
6230:
6226:
6219:
6211:
6207:
6203:
6199:
6195:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6177:
6173:
6169:
6162:
6147:
6143:
6139:
6135:
6131:
6127:
6123:
6116:
6101:
6100:
6095:
6088:
6077:
6073:
6066:
6060:
6044:
6040:
6034:
6019:
6015:
6009:
6001:
5997:
5993:
5987:
5983:
5976:
5968:
5964:
5960:
5954:
5950:
5943:
5941:
5939:
5931:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5913:
5912:
5911:Science Daily
5907:
5902:
5895:
5891:
5886:
5878:
5874:
5868:
5852:
5848:
5842:
5834:
5828:
5824:
5823:
5815:
5807:
5803:
5799:
5795:
5791:
5787:
5783:
5776:
5768:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5750:
5746:
5742:
5738:
5734:
5727:
5719:
5715:
5711:
5707:
5703:
5699:
5696:(10): 65–66.
5695:
5691:
5690:Physics Today
5687:
5680:
5672:
5668:
5664:
5660:
5656:
5652:
5648:
5644:
5640:
5633:
5625:
5621:
5617:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5599:
5595:
5588:
5581:
5573:
5560:
5552:
5548:
5541:
5533:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5515:
5511:
5507:
5503:
5499:
5495:
5491:
5484:
5476:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5458:
5454:
5450:
5446:
5439:
5431:
5427:
5423:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5405:
5401:
5398:(4): 70–100.
5397:
5393:
5389:
5382:
5367:
5363:
5356:
5349:
5343:
5328:
5324:
5320:
5313:
5302:
5298:
5291:
5285:
5277:
5273:
5269:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5251:
5247:
5243:
5239:
5232:
5217:. 23 Nov 2023
5216:
5212:
5206:
5198:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5180:
5176:
5172:
5168:
5164:
5160:
5156:
5149:
5133:
5129:
5122:
5114:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5096:
5092:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5076:
5072:
5068:
5061:
5053:
5049:
5045:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5029:
5025:
5021:
5017:
5013:
5009:
5002:
4987:
4986:
4981:
4974:
4959:
4958:
4953:
4946:
4939:
4935:
4932:
4927:
4920:
4916:
4913:
4908:
4901:
4897:
4894:
4889:
4874:on 9 May 2007
4873:
4869:
4863:
4856:
4851:
4844:
4840:
4836:
4833:
4828:
4820:
4816:
4812:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4795:(10): 29–39.
4794:
4790:
4786:
4779:
4764:
4760:
4754:
4746:
4742:
4738:
4734:
4730:
4726:
4719:
4704:
4700:
4694:
4687:
4683:
4680:
4674:
4667:
4657:
4650:
4645:
4626:
4619:
4613:
4606:
4602:
4598:
4595:
4585:
4570:
4566:
4560:
4553:
4549:
4546:
4540:
4533:
4532:Silent Spring
4528:
4520:
4516:
4512:
4506:
4502:
4501:
4493:
4491:
4474:
4470:
4466:
4459:
4451:
4445:
4429:
4423:
4416:
4412:
4407:
4401:website page)
4400:
4396:
4392:
4389:
4384:
4375:
4371:
4367:
4363:
4357:
4342:
4341:
4336:
4330:
4322:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4270:
4263:
4248:
4244:
4238:
4231:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4211:
4204:
4196:
4191:
4187:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4169:
4162:
4153:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4133:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4091:
4087:
4081:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4051:
4036:
4032:
4025:
4018:
4012:
4004:
3992:
3984:
3978:
3974:
3967:
3951:
3947:
3941:
3926:
3922:
3915:
3913:
3904:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3855:
3853:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3824:
3822:
3806:
3805:
3800:
3793:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3740:
3732:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3687:
3685:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3655:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3632:
3616:
3612:
3606:
3602:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3582:Radioactivity
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
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3498:
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3483:
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3475:
3473:
3472:Marine debris
3470:
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3455:
3451:
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3400:
3398:
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3390:
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3386:
3385:
3384:Air pollution
3380:
3374:
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3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
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3329:
3327:
3324:
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3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3302:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3281:microplastics
3278:
3274:
3270:
3265:
3263:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3228:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3209:nuclear power
3206:
3205:radioactivity
3202:
3198:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3179:Lake Karachay
3176:
3171:
3169:
3168:city planning
3165:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3126:
3121:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3106:Clean Air Act
3103:
3098:
3096:
3091:
3087:
3082:
3080:
3076:
3071:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3043:air pollution
3039:
3036:
3025:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3005:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2986:water quality
2977:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2962:King Edward I
2954:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2939:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2920:Air pollution
2911:
2907:
2897:
2895:
2894:cap and trade
2891:
2887:
2886:Pigouvian tax
2883:
2878:
2876:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2858:
2856:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2844:marginal cost
2841:
2837:
2832:
2823:
2819:
2816:
2810:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2776:
2775:externalities
2772:
2770:
2769:supply chains
2767:
2762:
2760:
2759:microplastics
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2727:
2720:
2709:
2707:
2703:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2690:Manufacturing
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2660:Lead smelting
2658:
2656:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2629:
2627:
2621:
2619:
2618:public safety
2615:
2610:
2606:
2605:air pollution
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2553:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2530:Sedimentation
2528:
2527:
2526:
2523:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
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2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2292:
2285:
2284:United States
2281:
2276:
2269:
2265:
2260:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2207:air pollution
2204:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2177:
2169:
2155:
2151:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2005:
2001:
1992:
1983:
1981:
1980:birth defects
1977:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1904:by untreated
1903:
1899:
1894:
1892:
1887:
1886:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1855:
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1843:
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1834:
1830:
1826:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1776:
1771:
1761:
1759:
1758:plastic waste
1753:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1726:
1723:'s downtown,
1722:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1703:
1702:world's waste
1699:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1668:nuclear waste
1665:
1664:petrochemical
1661:
1657:
1654:, coal-fired
1653:
1649:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1637:United States
1634:
1630:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1605:
1603:
1599:
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1591:
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1585:
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1573:
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1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
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1486:
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1479:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1430:microplastics
1427:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1408:roadway noise
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1394:interference.
1393:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1311:Air pollution
1309:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1249:treaty bodies
1246:
1242:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1216:air pollution
1213:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1169:air pollution
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1138:microplastics
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1102:manufacturing
1099:
1094:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1069:
1064:
1062:
1057:
1055:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1031:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1005:
1002:
1001:
1000:
999:
995:
994:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
965:
964:
963:
959:
958:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
914:
908:
907:
898:
895:
893:
890:
889:
888:
885:
883:
880:
879:
873:
872:
865:
862:
860:
859:Water quality
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
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772:
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762:
760:
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750:
747:
745:
742:
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730:
727:
726:
723:
718:
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710:
707:
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683:
680:
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675:
671:
668:
667:
666:
663:
661:
658:
657:
654:
649:
648:
641:
638:
636:
635:Traffic signs
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
617:
614:
609:
608:
601:
598:
597:
594:
589:
588:
581:
578:
577:
571:
570:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
542:Nanomaterials
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
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490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
479:
473:
472:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
431:
428:
423:
422:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
404:Radioactivity
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
366:
363:
358:
357:
350:
349:Soundproofing
347:
345:
344:Noise control
342:
340:
339:Noise barrier
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
321:
318:
313:
312:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
286:
280:
279:
272:
269:
265:
262:
260:
257:
256:
255:
252:
251:
248:
243:
242:
235:
232:
231:
225:
224:
215:
212:
211:
210:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
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193:
188:
187:
180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
130:
127:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
101:
98:
93:
92:
85:
81:
80:
77:
74:
73:
69:
65:
64:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
41:
33:
19:
11763:
11746:
11729:
11712:
11700:from Commons
11695:
11678:
11657:
11608:
11596:
11584:
11553:Radium Girls
11548:Typhoid Mary
11235:Microbiology
11105:
11097:
10981:Epidemiology
10879:Organization
10830:Oral hygiene
10820:Hand washing
10798:Healthy diet
10728:Right to sit
10660:
10621:Labor rights
10384:Labour force
10212:Suicide rate
10197:Obesity rate
10154:Urbanization
10095:Divorce rate
10067:demographics
9808:World cities
9599:
9411:Publications
9370:Antinatalism
9308:
9285:World3 model
9145:Major topics
9093:
9081:
9069:
9050:
8951:Road ecology
8904:Applications
8880:Radioecology
8843:epidemiology
8776:Soil science
8771:Oceanography
8515:Point source
8457:Heavy metals
8431:Urban runoff
8411:Sulfur water
8389:Septic tanks
8235:Agent Orange
8089:Mining waste
7915:Manure waste
7745:Volcanic ash
7621:Black carbon
7577:Oil refining
7562:Particulates
7491:Construction
7418:
7248:
7242:
7232:
7220:. Retrieved
7216:
7206:
7194:. Retrieved
7189:
7180:
7172:
7167:
7137:(5): 55–65.
7134:
7130:
7124:
7115:
7103:
7098:
7086:. Retrieved
7082:the original
7071:
7059:
7051:
7046:
7034:. Retrieved
7020:
7000:
6993:
6985:
6980:
6972:
6966:
6947:
6939:
6934:
6926:
6921:
6909:. Retrieved
6899:
6887:. Retrieved
6873:
6840:
6834:
6828:
6795:
6789:
6783:
6740:
6736:
6726:
6685:
6635:
6629:
6617:. Retrieved
6612:
6603:
6550:
6544:
6534:
6524:30 September
6522:. Retrieved
6517:
6508:
6498:30 September
6496:. Retrieved
6494:. Greenpeace
6483:
6450:
6446:
6439:
6396:
6392:
6382:
6357:
6353:
6347:
6306:
6302:
6295:
6262:
6258:
6245:
6231:(3): 31–41.
6228:
6224:
6218:
6175:
6171:
6161:
6149:. Retrieved
6129:
6125:
6115:
6103:. Retrieved
6097:
6087:
6071:
6059:
6047:. Retrieved
6042:
6033:
6021:. Retrieved
6017:
6008:
5981:
5975:
5948:
5929:The Guardian
5927:
5919:
5909:
5901:
5893:
5885:
5876:
5867:
5855:. Retrieved
5850:
5841:
5821:
5814:
5789:
5785:
5775:
5740:
5736:
5726:
5693:
5689:
5679:
5646:
5642:
5632:
5597:
5593:
5580:
5559:cite journal
5540:
5497:
5493:
5483:
5448:
5438:
5413:10871/122348
5395:
5391:
5381:
5369:. Retrieved
5365:
5355:
5342:
5330:. Retrieved
5322:
5312:
5296:
5284:
5249:
5245:
5231:
5219:. Retrieved
5214:
5205:
5162:
5158:
5148:
5136:. Retrieved
5132:the original
5121:
5078:
5074:
5060:
5011:
5007:
5001:
4989:. Retrieved
4983:
4973:
4961:. Retrieved
4955:
4945:
4926:
4907:
4888:
4876:. Retrieved
4872:the original
4862:
4850:
4827:
4792:
4788:
4778:
4766:. Retrieved
4762:
4753:
4731:(1): 29–36.
4728:
4724:
4718:
4706:. Retrieved
4702:
4693:
4673:
4656:
4644:
4632:. Retrieved
4625:the original
4612:
4584:
4572:. Retrieved
4569:Ppsthane.com
4568:
4559:
4539:
4531:
4527:
4499:
4477:. Retrieved
4473:the original
4468:
4458:
4432:. Retrieved
4422:
4406:
4397:(Transport,
4383:
4356:
4344:. Retrieved
4338:
4329:
4276:
4272:
4262:
4250:. Retrieved
4246:
4237:
4209:
4203:
4167:
4161:
4142:
4132:
4124:the original
4115:
4106:
4094:. Retrieved
4089:
4080:
4068:. Retrieved
4064:the original
4059:
4050:
4038:. Retrieved
4034:
4024:
4016:
4011:
3972:
3966:
3954:. Retrieved
3949:
3940:
3928:. Retrieved
3925:The Guardian
3924:
3868:
3864:
3839:. Retrieved
3835:The Guardian
3833:
3808:. Retrieved
3804:Science News
3802:
3792:
3757:
3753:
3739:
3704:
3700:
3671:. Retrieved
3667:
3654:
3637:
3631:
3619:. Retrieved
3605:
3577:Space debris
3509:
3508:
3457:
3456:
3425:
3424:
3382:
3381:
3365:
3288:
3285:
3266:
3229:
3195:
3187:Soviet Union
3172:
3136:Hudson River
3129:
3099:
3083:
3072:
3040:
3032:
3022:
3013:August Bebel
3006:
2983:
2980:19th century
2959:
2940:
2931:
2918:
2879:
2865:
2859:
2852:
2828:
2812:
2786:
2763:
2732:
2699:
2635:
2622:
2602:
2518:Wet scrubber
2385:
2351:
2347:urban runoff
2308:
2270:, Australia.
2201:
2173:
2086:biodiversity
2035:heavy metals
2025:
2014:
2008:
1989:
1965:heavy metals
1929:hearing loss
1918:
1895:
1883:
1856:
1852:Anthropocene
1848:
1819:Human health
1808:fossil fuels
1801:
1787:
1754:
1750:
1741:
1729:
1684:
1656:power plants
1627:
1588:
1553:
1522:space debris
1514:strip mining
1448:heavy metals
1444:hydrocarbons
1392:astronomical
1377:non-ionizing
1347:hydrocarbons
1333:produced by
1315:particulates
1304:contaminants
1301:
1266:
1251:. Pollution
1237:
1233:Global South
1209:
1146:
1118:point source
1095:
1083:contaminants
1078:
1077:
947:Point source
892:Heavy metals
854:Urban runoff
839:Sulfur water
814:Septic tanks
670:Agent Orange
580:Space debris
434:Agricultural
299:Volcanic ash
159:Particulates
75:
46:
39:
11680:Definitions
11638:Environment
11610:WikiProject
11350:and history
11230:Engineering
10943:Vaccination
10815:Food safety
9792:Middle East
9294:Society and
9253:Biocapacity
9095:WikiProject
8941:Remediation
8756:Geosciences
8729:Main fields
8485:Area source
8394:Pit latrine
8317:Groundwater
8074:Gold mining
8069:Coal mining
8040:Toxic waste
8005:Green waste
7978:Brown waste
7961:Solid waste
7508:Exhaust gas
7088:10 December
7036:14 February
5466:10945/61763
5366:www.who.int
4428:"Pollution"
4335:"Wildfires"
4086:"pollution"
3999:|work=
3547:Externality
3232:Amoco Cadiz
3191:Chelyabinsk
3068:Los Angeles
2990:Great Stink
2974:wheelbarrow
2888:(such as a
2862:free market
2840:social cost
2609:externality
2513:Spray tower
2331:environment
2264:Yarra River
2176:environment
2090:allelopathy
2011:environment
1995:Environment
1969:radioactive
1893:installed.
1859:air quality
1704:. In 2007,
1618:fossil fuel
1598:suffocation
1568:ozone layer
1504:, motorway
1502:power lines
1492:temperature
1329:(CFCs) and
1114:agriculture
917:Area source
759:Groundwater
512:Green waste
492:Brown waste
476:Solid waste
234:Information
129:Exhaust gas
11778:Categories
11714:Quotations
11363:Caribbean
11240:Processing
11174:Quarantine
11096:Student's
10896:Sanitation
10530:History of
10347:by country
10139:Irreligion
10120:Median age
9983:Birth rate
9818:Megacities
9762:Arab world
9709:Antarctica
9481:Events and
9296:population
9242:Population
9193:Population
9138:Population
9058:scientists
8637:by country
8633:Categories
8571:Zero waste
8452:Pollutants
8406:Stagnation
8344:Monitoring
8312:Freshwater
8188:Air travel
8000:Food waste
7920:Pesticides
7910:Herbicides
7814:Industrial
7643:Biological
7503:Demolition
7496:Renovation
7479:Joss paper
7464:Combustion
7325:– from US
7258:1609.01041
7066:(BBC News)
6309:(3): 179.
5857:12 October
5792:: 100123.
5743:: e00477.
5327:Indiatimes
4991:1 December
4963:20 October
4574:1 December
4479:1 December
4434:1 December
4415:Australian
4366:Roser, Max
4304:11323/7574
3982:0262621649
3930:18 January
3841:20 October
3810:1 December
3597:References
3487:Stormwater
3397:Arden Pope
3164:brownfield
3148:Love Canal
3112:, and the
3051:Cincinnati
2890:carbon tax
2807:See also:
2778:pollution.
2755:ecosystems
2739:globalized
2638:Pure Earth
2565:Biofilters
2449:Smog Tower
2444:Green wall
2419:Mitigating
2363:-attached
2233:, and the
2141:can cause
1963:and other
1953:neurologic
1914:sanitation
1875:congestion
1508:, scarred
1506:billboards
1460:pesticides
1456:herbicides
1355:micrometre
1253:mitigation
1247:and other
1161:persistent
1153:regulation
1091:Pollutants
1004:By country
996:Categories
887:Pollutants
864:Wastewater
834:Stagnation
779:Monitoring
754:Freshwater
620:Air travel
507:Food waste
449:Defecation
259:Ecological
192:Biological
124:Combustion
66:Part of a
11784:Pollution
11748:Textbooks
11658:Pollution
11543:John Snow
11470:Education
11460:Full list
11348:education
11272:ISO 22000
11225:Chemistry
11138:Epidemics
11091:ROC curve
10901:Emergency
10681:Radiation
10661:Pollution
10645:Ministers
10542:Euthenics
10144:Sex ratio
9729:Caribbean
9577:Migration
9454:6 billion
8936:Recycling
8806:Chemistry
8766:Limnology
8761:Hydrology
8529:Responses
8500:Garbology
8426:Turbidity
8374:Oil spill
8307:Firewater
8208:Vandalism
8170:Satellite
7867:Poisoning
7862:Plutonium
7842:Actinides
7834:Radiation
7582:Wood dust
7444:Acid rain
7419:Pollution
7283:2375-2548
7159:145396822
6865:176767223
6757:0008-6363
6712:cite book
6704:796082268
6662:cite book
6475:233901225
6467:2213-3437
6415:0273-1223
6374:2452-2236
6360:: 13–17.
6323:1573-2959
6287:233532794
6279:2213-3437
6194:2191-0308
6146:2662-138X
6000:495996799
5967:819816787
5806:2452-414X
5737:HardwareX
5718:0031-9228
5663:1945-7782
5616:1945-7782
5514:0002-8282
5475:135425218
5430:226513602
5422:1945-7782
5268:2542-5196
5159:GeoHealth
5138:26 August
5095:2542-5196
5036:0944-1344
4957:USA Today
4878:26 August
4819:198582480
4811:2626-8493
4634:26 August
4545:Pollution
4321:224936937
4313:1674-9871
4001:ignored (
3991:cite book
3776:2542-5196
3731:248905224
3640:: 23–41.
3621:26 August
3537:Earth Day
3221:Fukushima
3217:Chernobyl
3160:Superfund
2896:systems.
2675:Landfills
2647:recycling
2488:Scrubbers
2471:Baghouses
2404:Recycling
2398:Practices
2365:economics
2319:effluents
2315:emissions
2143:acid rain
2125:organisms
2104:fertilise
2074:leads to
1896:In 2019,
1891:scrubbers
1885:GeoHealth
1733:landfills
1590:Wildfires
1564:acid rain
1556:volcanoes
1512:(as from
1510:landforms
1398:Littering
1375:in their
1085:into the
1079:Pollution
932:Garbology
849:Turbidity
799:Oil spill
749:Firewater
734:Biosolids
640:Vandalism
399:Poisoning
394:Plutonium
369:Actinides
362:Radiation
104:Acid rain
76:Pollution
42:(journal)
11586:Category
11285:sciences
11220:Additive
10891:Safe sex
10862:Medicine
10776:Theories
10547:Genomics
10525:Eugenics
10515:Deviance
10495:Auxology
10307:Economic
10135:Religion
9757:Americas
9612:Category
9380:Natalism
9303:Eugenics
9052:Category
9016:See also
9002:Glossary
8992:Journals
8617:Treaties
8589:Diseases
8401:Shipping
8297:Diseases
8145:Landfill
7820:Abstract
7817:Military
7750:Wildfire
7599:Smelting
7567:Asbestos
7301:27386582
7108:CQ Press
6955:(1911).
6911:2 August
6889:2 August
6775:32123898
6654:20170416
6595:85515425
6587:30910976
6431:58649372
6423:30629532
6331:29492685
6210:44084197
6202:29858909
6076:Archived
5767:37822753
5758:10562912
5671:41838178
5532:26401055
5301:Archived
5297:WaterAid
5276:35594895
5197:35599962
5113:33357500
5052:37640939
5044:28321701
4934:Archived
4915:Archived
4896:Archived
4835:Archived
4682:Archived
4597:Archived
4548:Archived
4519:67019834
4444:cite web
4391:Archived
4374:Archived
4368:(2021).
4120:U.S. EPA
4092:. UNdata
4090:glossary
4040:11 March
3956:11 March
3903:35038861
3784:35594895
3723:35594895
3305:See also
3293:and the
3236:Brittany
3201:Cold War
2966:sea-coal
2932:Science,
2476:Cyclones
2369:globally
2300:Pristina
2268:Victoria
2129:food web
1857:Adverse
1721:Yangzhou
1666:plants,
1335:industry
988:Treaties
968:Diseases
824:Shipping
789:Nutrient
739:Diseases
304:Wildfire
11650:Ecology
11624:Portals
11598:Commons
11511:History
11408:Canada
11383:Europe
10867:Nursing
10847:Hygiene
10810:Hygiene
10535:Liberal
10488:General
10374:Exports
10369:Imports
10288:(TIMSS)
10282:(PIRLS)
10041:Oceania
9782:Islands
9772:Eurasia
9736:Oceania
9601:Commons
9244:ecology
9195:biology
9071:Commons
8987:Degrees
8875:Physics
8870:Geodesy
8801:Biology
8746:Ecology
8646:Commons
8421:Thermal
8322:Hypoxia
8106:Garbage
7877:Uranium
7728:Natural
7677:Digital
7609:Aerosol
7587:Welding
7474:Biomass
7469:Biofuel
7428:History
7356:EPA.gov
7292:4928945
7263:Bibcode
7139:Bibcode
6965:(ed.).
6845:Bibcode
6836:Science
6820:6857273
6800:Bibcode
6791:Science
6766:7449554
6619:7 March
6578:6462052
6555:Bibcode
6518:Reuters
6339:3710964
6105:29 June
6049:7 March
6023:7 March
5698:Bibcode
5624:3329058
5551:2581311
5523:4576916
5332:29 July
5188:9109601
5167:Bibcode
5104:7805008
5016:Bibcode
4733:Bibcode
4666:emitter
4281:Bibcode
4195:7158167
3894:8811958
3873:Bibcode
3673:23 June
3668:Reuters
3277:5 Gyres
3152:dumping
3047:Chicago
2992:on the
2943:forging
2900:History
2882:tariffs
2836:welfare
2815:utility
2665:Tanning
2433:Devices
2427:Compost
2409:Reusing
2373:science
2254:Control
2225:in the
2127:in the
2047:Global
1945:Mercury
1814:Effects
1742:dioxins
1584:mercury
1576:arsenic
1490:, is a
1357:size PM
1122:factory
1108:, poor
882:History
764:Hypoxia
593:Thermal
547:Plastic
409:Uranium
283:Natural
228:Digital
204:Genetic
11398:India
11373:China
11245:Safety
10926:Worker
10276:(PISA)
10164:Health
10065:Other
10031:Europe
10021:Africa
9719:Europe
9704:Africa
9666:Global
9311:genics
8510:Midden
8490:Debris
8445:Topics
8384:Sewage
8337:debris
8332:Marine
8180:Visual
8064:Mining
8059:Litter
7552:Mining
7345:(EPA)
7339:TOXMAP
7333:TOXNET
7299:
7289:
7281:
7222:8 June
7196:8 June
7157:
7008:
6940:Berlin
6929:(2014)
6863:
6818:
6773:
6763:
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6702:
6692:
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6642:
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6585:
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6200:
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6151:8 June
6144:
6043:US EPA
5998:
5988:
5965:
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5829:
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5669:
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5512:
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5428:
5420:
5371:5 July
5274:
5266:
5221:10 Apr
5195:
5185:
5111:
5101:
5093:
5050:
5042:
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4809:
4768:7 June
4708:7 June
4517:
4507:
4399:Canada
4319:
4311:
4226:
4192:
4182:
3979:
3901:
3891:
3782:
3774:
3729:
3721:
3219:, and
3144:dioxin
3125:Taiwan
3108:, the
3104:, the
3060:manure
3009:Berlin
2994:Thames
2970:London
2941:Metal
2892:) and
2870:demand
2695:Dyeing
2651:Mining
2381:inform
2377:policy
2353:Policy
2304:Kosovo
2154:oxygen
1976:cancer
1939:, and
1937:stress
1925:rashes
1906:sewage
1871:throat
1835:, and
1648:Mexico
1641:Russia
1582:, and
1570:, and
1203:, and
1177:litter
1157:policy
1132:), or
942:Midden
937:Legacy
922:Debris
876:Topics
829:Sludge
819:Sewage
774:Marine
613:Visual
532:Mining
527:Litter
68:series
58:Guyana
54:Litter
11731:Texts
11697:Media
11423:U.S.
11267:HACCP
11216:Food
11108:-test
11100:-test
10686:Light
10671:Water
10229:(BMI)
10016:World
9432:Lists
8980:Lists
8811:green
8581:Lists
8520:Waste
8462:Paint
8279:Water
8162:Space
7803:Sonar
7798:Urban
7776:Water
7760:Noise
7735:Ozone
7702:Light
7633:Waste
7525:Smoke
7253:arXiv
7155:S2CID
6961:. In
6861:S2CID
6591:S2CID
6492:(PDF)
6471:S2CID
6427:S2CID
6335:S2CID
6283:S2CID
6255:(PDF)
6206:S2CID
6079:(PDF)
6068:(PDF)
5667:S2CID
5620:S2CID
5590:(PDF)
5471:S2CID
5426:S2CID
5304:(PDF)
5293:(PDF)
5048:S2CID
4815:S2CID
4628:(PDF)
4621:(PDF)
4346:8 May
4317:S2CID
4252:7 May
4096:1 May
4070:1 May
3727:S2CID
3510:Other
3253:PBDEs
3017:sewer
2928:fires
2795:above
2793:(see
2747:water
2706:GRAIN
2572:(DAF)
2323:waste
1973:cause
1879:China
1725:China
1706:China
1645:India
1633:China
1420:sonar
1380:cars.
1361:to PM
1339:ozone
960:Lists
952:Waste
897:Paint
722:Water
574:Space
317:Noise
289:Ozone
254:Light
11765:Data
11199:WASH
11155:List
11143:List
10676:Soil
10026:Asia
9909:2015
9904:2010
9899:2005
9894:2000
9889:1989
9884:1939
9879:1900
9874:1800
9869:1700
9864:1600
9859:1500
9854:1000
9714:Asia
8495:Dust
8478:Misc
7897:Soil
7786:Rail
7772:Land
7616:Soot
7604:Smog
7520:Haze
7349:and
7297:PMID
7279:ISSN
7224:2024
7198:2024
7090:2011
7038:2006
7006:ISBN
6913:2006
6891:2006
6816:PMID
6771:PMID
6753:ISSN
6718:link
6700:OCLC
6690:ISBN
6668:link
6650:OCLC
6640:ISBN
6621:2018
6583:PMID
6526:2020
6500:2020
6463:ISSN
6419:PMID
6411:ISSN
6370:ISSN
6327:PMID
6319:ISSN
6275:ISSN
6198:PMID
6190:ISSN
6153:2024
6142:ISSN
6107:2019
6051:2018
6025:2018
5996:OCLC
5986:ISBN
5963:OCLC
5953:ISBN
5859:2023
5827:ISBN
5802:ISSN
5763:PMID
5714:ISSN
5659:ISSN
5612:ISSN
5572:help
5547:SSRN
5528:PMID
5510:ISSN
5418:ISSN
5373:2023
5334:2014
5272:PMID
5264:ISSN
5223:2024
5215:News
5193:PMID
5140:2010
5109:PMID
5091:ISSN
5040:PMID
5032:ISSN
4993:2017
4965:2017
4880:2010
4807:ISSN
4770:2022
4710:2022
4636:2010
4576:2017
4515:LCCN
4505:ISBN
4481:2017
4450:link
4436:2017
4348:2022
4309:ISSN
4254:2022
4224:ISBN
4180:ISBN
4098:2022
4072:2022
4042:2023
4003:help
3977:ISBN
3958:2023
3932:2022
3899:PMID
3843:2017
3812:2017
3780:PMID
3772:ISSN
3719:PMID
3675:2022
3623:2010
3267:The
3257:PFCs
3255:and
3064:smog
3049:and
2936:soot
2908:and
2884:, a
2855:YPLL
2745:and
2743:soil
2733:The
2704:and
2653:and
2636:The
2599:Cost
2392:Bonn
2317:and
2243:NPOs
2231:PCBs
2137:and
2110:Smog
1978:and
1961:Lead
1921:skin
1746:TCDD
1580:lead
1480:and
1462:and
1452:MTBE
1442:are
1390:and
1343:smog
1341:and
1292:Smog
1126:mine
927:Dust
911:Misc
427:Soil
174:Soot
169:Smog
134:Haze
10666:Air
9656:by
9309:Dys
8606:2.5
8218:War
7781:Air
7436:Air
7287:PMC
7271:doi
7217:CNN
7147:doi
6853:doi
6841:272
6808:doi
6796:221
6761:PMC
6745:doi
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6563:doi
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