2033:
1123:
societies consider sex outside of marriage or "spouse swapping" to be socially acceptable. Some consider a relationship monogamous even if partners separate and move to a new monogamous relationship through death, divorce, or simple dissolution of the relationship, regardless of the length of the relationship (serial monogamy). Anthropologists characterize human beings as “mildly polygynous” or “monogamous with polygynous tendencies.” The average pre-historic man with modern descendants appears to have had children with between 1.5 women (70,000 years ago) to 3.3 women (45,000 years ago), except in East Asia. While the forms of non-monogamy in prehistorical times is unknown, these rates could be consistent with a society that practices serial monogamy. Anthropological observations indicate that even when polygyny is accepted in the community, the majority of relationships in the society are monogamous in practice – while couples remain in the relationship, which may not be lifelong. Thus, in many historical communities, serial monogamy may have been the accepted practice rather than a lifelong monogamous bond. The genetic record indicates that monogamy increased within the last 5,000-10,000 years, a period associated with the development of human agriculture, non-communal land ownership, and inheritance.
1946:
presence at the wedding in Cana (John 2:2). In the Church—the City of God—marriage is a sacrament and may not and cannot be dissolved as long as the spouses live: "But a marriage once for all entered upon in the City of our God, where, even from the first union of the two, the man and the woman, marriage bears a certain sacramental character, can in no way be dissolved but by the death of one of them." In chapter 7, Augustine pointed out that the Roman Empire forbad polygamy, even if the reason of fertility would support it: "For it is in a man's power to put away a wife that is barren, and marry one of whom to have children. And yet it is not allowed; and now indeed in our times, and after the usage of Rome (nostris quidem iam temporibus ac more Romano), neither to marry in addition, so as to have more than one wife living." Further on he notices that the Church's attitude goes much further than the secular law regarding monogamy: It forbids remarrying, considering such to be a form of fornication: "And yet, save in the City of our God, in His Holy Mount, the case is not such with the wife. But, that the laws of the
Gentiles are otherwise, who is there that knows not."
1597:
polyandry (in which women have multiple male partners) was likely in pre-history; it also identified 53 communities studied between 1912 and 2010 with either formal or informal polyandry, indicating that polyandry was more common worldwide than previously believed. The authors found that polyandry was most common in egalitarian societies, and suspected contributors to polyandry included fewer men (due to the existence or threat of high adult male mortality or absence/travel) and higher male contributions towards food production. Polyandry still appears to occur in the minority of societies. Regardless of the type of polygamy, even when polygyny is accepted in the community, the majority of relationships in the society are monogamous in practice – while couples remain in the relationship, which may not be lifelong. In many historical communities, serial monogamy may have been the accepted practice rather than a lifelong monogamous bond. How monogamy is defined when it comes to accepted sexual activity outside of the relationship, however, may differ by society.
1322:
1631:
whole-genome dataset. They found that the
Southern Han Chinese had a male bias (45% female, indicating that women were likely to reproduce with multiple men). This region is known for its lack of a concept of paternity and for a sense of female equality or superiority. The Musharoff study also found a male bias in Europeans (20% female) during an out-of-Africa migration event that may have increased the number of men successfully reproducing with women, perhaps by replenishing the genetic pool in Europe. The study did confirm a more typical female bias in Yorubans (63% female), Europeans (84%), Punjabis (82%), and Peruvians (56%).
1382:
1184:
3636:
2297:
3580:
1627:
with the existence of a "honeymoon period", a period of intense interest in a single sexual partner (with less interest in other women) which may help to keep men invested in staying with the mother of their child for this period. When reciprocated, this "honeymoon period" lasts 18 months to three years in most cases. This would correspond to the period necessary to bring a child to relative independence in the traditionally small, interdependent, communal societies of pre-Neolithic humans, before they settled into agricultural communities.
1601:
reproductive monogamy became more common at that time. This would correspond to the
Neolithic agricultural revolution. During this time, formerly nomadic societies began to claim and settle land for farming, leading to the advent of property ownership and therefore inheritance. Men would therefore seek to ensure that their land would go to direct descendants and had a vested interest in limiting the sexual activities of their reproductive partners. It is possible that the concept of marriage and permanent monogamy evolved at this time.
3347:
partners in polygamous relationships as separate claimants could in some situations mean that polygamous households receive more under
Universal Credit than they do under the current rules for means-tested benefits and tax credits. This is because, as explained above, the amounts which may be paid in respect of additional spouses are lower than those which generally apply to single claimants." There is currently no official statistics data on cohabiting polygamous couples who have arranged marriage in religious ceremonies.
1424:
1166:
3356:
3608:
3172:
12725:
3622:
3594:
66:
223:
3343:). In a written answer to the House of Commons, "In Great Britain, polygamy is only recognized as valid in law in circumstances where the marriage ceremony has been performed in a country whose laws permit polygamy and the parties to the marriage were domiciled there at the time. In addition, immigration rules have generally prevented the formation of polygamous households in this country since 1988."
147:
107:
992:, of 1,231 societies noted between from 1960 to 1980, 588 had frequent polygyny, 453 had occasional polygyny, 186 were monogamous, and 4 had polyandry – although more recent research found some form of polyandry in 53 communities, which is more common than previously thought. In cultures which practice polygamy, its prevalence among that population often correlates with
3243:(ICCPR), citing concerns that the lack of "equality of treatment with regard to the right to marry" meant that polygamy, restricted to polygyny in practice, violates the dignity of women and should be outlawed. Specifically, reports to UN Committees have noted violations of ICCPR due to these inequalities, and reports to the UN General Assembly have recommended it be outlawed.
3070:(or other countries where the practice was not prohibited by their tradition and was not illegal) are not subject to this Israeli law. But Mizrahi Jews are not permitted to enter into new polygamous marriages in Israel. However polygamy may still occur in non-European Jewish communities that exist in countries where it is not forbidden, such as Jewish communities in
1280:, polygyny is common and deeply rooted in the culture, with 11% of the population of sub-Saharan Africa living in such marriages (25% of the Muslim population and 3% of the Christian population, as of 2019). According to Pew, polygamy is widespread in a cluster of countries in West and Central Africa, including Burkina Faso, (36%), Mali (34%) and Nigeria (28%).
2865:, that the husband cannot marry another woman during their marriage. In such a case, the husband cannot marry another woman as long as he is married to his wife. However, other Islamic scholars state that this condition is not allowed. According to traditional Islamic law, each of those wives keeps their property and assets separate; and are paid
1449:
polyandry is related to the scarcity of land; the marriage of all brothers in a family to the same wife allows family land to remain intact and undivided. If every brother married separately and had children, family land would be split into unsustainable small plots. In Europe, this outcome was avoided through the social practice of
3011:. About 1000 CE he called a synod which decided the following particulars: (1) prohibition of polygamy; (2) necessity of obtaining the consent of both parties to a divorce; (3) modification of the rules concerning those who became apostates under compulsion; (4) prohibition against opening correspondence addressed to another. Some
2592:
his father, who attempted to present him with evidence to the contrary. Smith typically responded to such accusations by saying that he was "not positive nor sure that [his father] was innocent", and that if, indeed, the elder Smith had been involved, it was still a false practice. However, many members of the
1844:", a dispensation to take a second wife. The double marriage was to be done in secret, however, to avoid public scandal. Some fifteen years earlier, in a letter to the Saxon Chancellor Gregor Brück, Luther stated that he could not "forbid a person to marry several wives, for it does not contradict Scripture." ("
1304:
are valued both as workers and as child bearers". Goody however, observes that the correlation is imperfect and varied, and also discusses more traditionally male-dominated though relatively extensive farming systems such as those traditionally common in much of West Africa, especially in the West
African
1906:
from His original plan for human marriage. Augustine wrote: "That the good purpose of marriage, however, is better promoted by one husband with one wife, than by a husband with several wives, is shown plainly enough by the very first union of a married pair, which was made by the Divine Being
Himself."
3497:
sustaining the conditions in which freedom can thrive. Polygamy in all its forms is a recipe for social structures that inhibit and ultimately undermine social freedom and democracy. A hard-won lesson of
Western history is that genuine democratic self-rule begins at the hearth of the monogamous family.
1495:, where girls undergo a ritual marriage before puberty, and the first husband is acknowledged as the father of all her children. However, the woman may never cohabit with that man, taking multiple lovers instead; these men must acknowledge the paternity of their children (and hence demonstrate that no
7470:
Since the founding of the Roman empire monogamy has prevailed more extensively than in times previous to that. The founders of that ancient empire were robbers and women stealers, and made laws favoring monogamy in consequence of the scarcity of women among them, and hence this monogamic system which
3459:
Authors such as Alyssa Rower and
Samantha Slark argue that there is a case for legalizing polygamy on the basis of regulation and monitoring of the practice, legally protecting the polygamous partners and allowing them to join mainstream society instead of forcing them to hide from it when any public
2834:
Also ˹forbidden are˺ married women—except ˹female˺ captives in your possession. This is Allah's commandment to you. Lawful to you are all beyond these—as long as you seek them with your wealth in a legal marriage, not in fornication. Give those you have consummated marriage with their due dowries. It
2829:
has the option to remarry without divorce from her previous husband, as her marriage with non-Muslim husband is
Islamically dissolved on her fleeing. A non-Muslim woman captured during war by Muslims, can also remarry, as her marriage with her non-Muslim husband is Islamically dissolved at capture by
2792:
The polygyny that is allowed in the Quran is for special situations. There are strict requirements to marrying more than one woman, as the man must treat them fairly financially and in terms of support given to each wife, according to
Islamic law. However, Islam advises monogamy for a man if he fears
2526:
were unconstitutional, but also allowed Utah to maintain its ban on multiple marriage licenses. Unlawful cohabitation, where prosecutors did not need to prove that a marriage ceremony had taken place (only that a couple had lived together), had been the primary tool used to prosecute polygamy in Utah
2350:
In accordance with what Joseph Smith indicated was a revelation, the practice of plural marriage, the marriage of one man to two or more women, was instituted among members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the early 1840s. Despite Smith's revelation, the 1835 edition of the 101st
2000:
The Conference upholds monogamy as God's plan, as the idea of relationship of love between husband and wife; nevertheless recommends that a polygamist who responds to the Gospel and wishes to join the Anglican Church may be baptized and confirmed with his believing wives and children on the following
1961:
polygamy is not in accord with the moral law. communion is radically contradicted by polygamy; this, in fact, directly negates the plan of God that was revealed from the beginning, because it is contrary to the equal personal dignity of men and women who in matrimony give themselves with a love that
1897:
lists it in paragraph 2387 under the head "Other offenses against the dignity of marriage" and states that it "is not in accord with the moral law." Also in paragraph 1645 under the head "The Goods and Requirements of Conjugal Love" states "The unity of marriage, distinctly recognized by our Lord, is
1878:
concurs when he says to "submit yourselves for the Lord's sake to every authority instituted among men: whether to the king, as the supreme authority, or to governors, who are sent by him to punish those who do wrong and to commend those who do right." (1 Peter 2:13,14) Pro-polygamists argue that, as
1683:
was traditionally common, as was polygyny, and having several wives or husbands was never regarded as having sex with inappropriate partners. Most typically, fraternal polyandry is practiced, but sometimes father and son have a common wife, which is a unique family structure in the world. Other forms
1608:
More recent genetic data has clarified that, in most regions throughout history, a smaller proportion of men contributed to human genetic history compared to women. Assuming an equal number of men and women are born and survive to reproduce, this would indicate that historically, only a subset of men
1604:
Other scientific arguments for monogamy prior to 2003 were based on characteristics of reproductive physiology, such as sperm competition, sexual selection in primates, and body size characteristics. A 2019 synthesis of these and other data found that the weight of the evidence supports a mating bond
1333:
An analysis by James Fenske (2012) found that child mortality and ecologically related economic shocks had a significant association with rates of polygamy in sub-Saharan Africa, rather than female agricultural contributions (which are typically relatively small in the West African savanna and sahel,
1316:
Goody (1973) argues against the female contributions hypothesis. He notes Dorjahn's (1959) comparison of East and West Africa, showing higher female agricultural contributions in East Africa and higher polygyny rates in West Africa, especially the West African savanna, where one finds especially high
7953:
The Community of Christ . . . claims that polygamy was introduced by Brigham Young and his associates and that the revelation on polygamy, which was made public in 1852 by Young in Utah . . . was not in harmony with the original tenets of the church or with the teachings and
3131:
For those who were the most virtuous and pious, he chose out princesses, that all might desire virtue and chastity. He was content with one or two wives for himself, and disapproved of having many children, saying: to have many children is fitting for the populace, but kings and nobles take pride in
2801:
If you fear you might fail to give orphan women their ˹due˺ rights ˹if you were to marry them˺, then marry other women of your choice—two, three, or four. But if you are afraid you will fail to maintain justice, then ˹content yourselves with˺ one or those ˹bondwomen˺ in your possession. This way you
2634:
permit a man to marry women provided that the first wife agree to marry him. Despite its existence, it was most usually practiced by men of higher status. Common people were only allowed a second marriage if the first wife could not bear a son or have some dispute because there is no law for divorce
2591:
throughout his life. For most of his career, Smith denied that his father had been involved in the practice and insisted that it had originated with Brigham Young. Smith served many missions to the western United States, where he met with and interviewed associates and women claiming to be widows of
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of the LDS Church, publicly acknowledged the practice of plural marriage through a sermon he gave. Additional sermons by top Mormon leaders on the virtues of polygamy followed. Controversy followed when polygamy became a social cause, writers began to publish works condemning polygamy. The key plank
1975:
hosted a regional conference in Africa, in which the acceptance of polygamists into full membership by the Lutheran Church in Liberia was defended as being permissible. The Lutheran Church in Liberia, however, does not permit polygamists who have become Christians to marry more wives after they have
1596:
indicated that polygamy was common. A separate 1988 review examined the practices of 849 societies from before Western imperialism and colonization. The review found that 708 of the societies (83%) accepted polygyny. Only 16% were monogamous and 1% polyandrous. Subsequent evidence in 2012 found that
1448:
Polyandry is believed to be more common in societies with scarce environmental resources, as it is believed to limit human population growth and enhance child survival. It is a rare form of marriage that exists not only among poor families, but also the elite. For example, in the Himalayan Mountains
1303:
common in Eurasia and the extensive shifting horticulture found in sub-Saharan Africa. In some of the sparsely-populated regions where shifting cultivation takes place in Africa, women do much of the work. This favours polygamous marriages in which men seek to monopolize the production of women "who
8762:
In the Second Temple period in Palestine, plural marriage seems to have become less common than earlier, although it was not formally outlawed and was more common in Babylonia. It still appeared in the Talmud and was practiced occasionally in early medieval Europe. Gershom Me'or ha-Golah (the Light
2967:
contains a few specific regulations that apply to polygamy, such as Exodus 21:10: "If he take another wife for himself; her food, her clothing, and her duty of marriage, shall he not diminish". Deuteronomy 21:15–17, states that a man must award the inheritance due to a first-born son to the son who
1660:
states that "a man who is not satisfied with one woman and seeks out other women is on the path to decline". Other fragments in the Buddhist scripture seem to treat polygamy unfavorably, leading some authors to conclude that Buddhism generally does not approve of it or alternatively regards it as a
1630:
While genetic evidence typically displays a bias towards a smaller number of men reproducing with more women, some regions or time periods have shown the opposite. In a 2019 investigation, Musharoff et al. applied modern techniques to the 1000 Genomes Project Phase 3 high-coverage Complete Genomics
1617:
Second, it may suggest that some men had either more sex or more reproductive success with multiple women simultaneously; this could be caused by sexual liaisons outside of a lifelong "monogamous" relationship (which may or may not be acceptable in their society), having multiple committed partners
1373:. In such cases, the deceased man's heir may inherit his assets and wife; or, more usually, his brothers may marry the widow. This provides support for the widow and her children (usually also members of the brothers' kin group) and maintains the tie between the husbands' and wives' kin groups. The
3346:
The 2010 UK government decided that Universal Credit (UC), which replaces means-tested benefits and tax credits for working-age people and will not be completely introduced until 2021, will not recognize polygamous marriages. A House of Commons briefing paper states "Treating second and subsequent
3262:
applies throughout the country. It extends the definition of polygamy to having any kind of conjugal union with more than one person at the same time. Also anyone who assists, celebrates, or is a part to a rite, ceremony, or contract that sanctions a polygamist relationship is guilty of polygamy.
1945:
Augustine saw marriage as a covenant between one man and one woman, which may not be broken. It was the Creator who established monogamy: "Therefore, the first natural bond of human society is man and wife." Such marriage was confirmed by the Saviour in the Gospel of Matthew (Mat 19:9) and by His
1941:
As tribal populations grew, fertility was no longer a valid justification of polygamy: it "was lawful among the ancient fathers: whether it be lawful now also, I would not hastily pronounce (utrum et nunc fas sit, non temere dixerim). For there is not now necessity of begetting children, as there
1905:
saw a conflict with Old Testament polygamy. He refrained from judging the patriarchs, but did not deduce from their practice the ongoing acceptability of polygyny. On the contrary, he argued that the polygamy of the Fathers, which was tolerated by the Creator because of fertility, was a diversion
1626:
The serial monogamy interpretation of genetic history would be congruent with other findings, such as the fact that humans form pair bonds (although not necessarily for life) and that human fathers invest in at least the early upbringing of their children. Serial monogamy would also be consistent
1414:
Marriage is the moment at which a new household is formed, but different arrangements may occur depending upon the type of marriage and some polygamous marriages do not result in the formation of a single household. In many polygynous marriages the husband's wives may live in separate households.
3496:
Marriage, as its ultramodern critics would like to say, is indeed about choosing one's partner, and about freedom in a society that values freedom. But that's not the only thing it is about. As the Supreme Court justices who unanimously decided Reynolds in 1878 understood, marriage is also about
3477:
argued that, as a simple matter of equal treatment under the law, polygamy ought to be legal. Acknowledging that underage girls are sometimes coerced into polygamous marriages, Turley replied that "banning polygamy is no more a solution to child abuse than banning marriage would be a solution to
2999:
include, " 'Be thou betrothed to half of me,' she is betrothed; 'Half of thee be betrothed to me,' she is not betrothed" and elsewhere, "A man may marry wives in addition to the first wife; provided only that he possesses the means to maintain them", though another opinion in the Talmud requires
1122:
Outside of the legal sphere, defining polygamy can be difficult because of differences in cultural assumptions regarding monogamy. Some societies believe that monogamy requires limiting sexual activity to a single partner for life. Others accept or endorse pre-marital sex prior to marriage. Some
1613:
The first interpretation is a harem model, where one man will out-compete other men (presumably through acts of violence or power) for exclusive sexual access to a group of women. Groups of women could be related or unrelated. This does not seem to reflect real-world observations in more modern
3561:
to introduce new legislation concerning plural marriage. The argument ran that after the war, 3 to 4 million women would have to remain unmarried due to the great number of soldiers fallen in battle. In order to make it possible for these women to have children, a procedure for application and
3034:
The assembly led by Rabbeinu Gershom instituted a ban on polygamy, but this ban was not well received by the Sephardic communities. In addition to the ban, Gershon also introduced a law called Heter meah rabbanim which allows the men to remarry with the permission from one hundred rabbis from
1621:
Third, it may suggest that some men were more likely than other men to have a series of monogamous relationships that led to children with different women throughout the man's life (serial monogamy). There are a variety of explanations for this that range from the woman's decisions (the man's
6971:
6922:
6899:
1600:
Recent anthropological data suggest that the modern concept of life-long monogamy has been in place for only the last 1,000 years. Genetic evidence has demonstrated that a greater proportion of men began contributing to the genetic pool between 5,000 and 10,000 years ago, which suggests that
3031:), and many other rabbis from Safed, the ban of Rabbeinu Gershom had expired, and therefore even Ashkenazim could marry additional wives. Even in instances where the husband made prenuptial agreements not to marry additional wives, local rabbis found loopholes to allow them to do so anyway.
6986:
6957:
6943:
1909:
Augustine taught that the reason patriarchs had many wives was not because of fornication, but because they wanted more children. He supported his premise by showing that their marriages, in which husband was the head, were arranged according to the rules of good management: those who are
7219:
Three nights public discussion between the Revds. C. W. Cleeve, James Robertson, and Philip Cater, and Elder John Taylor, Of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, At Boulogne-Sur-Mer, France. Chairman, Rev. K. Groves, M.A., Assisted By Charles Townley, LL.D., and Mr. Luddy.
2724:
commonly had more than one wife and are regularly attributed four wives by the scriptures. They were: Mahisi, who was the chief consort, Parivrkti, who had no son, Vaivata, who is considered the favorite wife and the Palagali, who was the daughter of the last of the court officials.
1317:
male agricultural contributions. Goody says, "The reasons behind polygyny are sexual and reproductive rather than economic and productive" (1973:189), arguing that men marry polygynously to maximize their fertility and to obtain large households containing many young dependent males.
1350:, where the co-wives are not related. Polygyny offers husbands the benefit of allowing them to have more children, may provide them with a larger number of productive workers (where workers are family), and allows them to establish politically useful ties with a greater number of
1533:, in which divorce and remarriage occur, as a form of polygamy as it also can establish a series of households that may continue to be tied by shared paternity and shared income. As such, they are similar to the household formations created through divorce and serial monogamy.
1377:
resembles the levirate, in that a widower must marry the sister of his dead wife. The family of the late wife, in other words, must provide a replacement for her, thus maintaining the marriage alliance. Both levirate and sororate may result in a man having multiple wives.
7471:
now prevails throughout Christendom, and which had been so fruitful a source of prostitution and whoredom throughout all the Christian monogamic cities of the Old and New World, until rottenness and decay are at the root of their institutions both national and religious.
3993:
1609:
fathered children and did so with multiple women (and may suggest that many men either did not procreate or did not have children that survived to create modern ancestors). This circumstance could occur for several reasons, but there are three common interpretations:
1536:
Serial monogamy creates a new kind of relative, the "ex-". The "ex-wife", for example, can remain an active part of her "ex-husband's" life, as they may be tied together by legally or informally mandated economic support, which can last for years, including by
1761:, noting that a man and a wife "shall become one flesh". Paul stated in one of his letters that "For the wife does not have authority over her own body, but the husband does. Likewise the husband does not have authority over his own body, but the wife does".
1938:. The Bible often equates worshiping multiple gods, i.e. idolatry to fornication. Augustine relates to that: "On this account there is no True God of souls, save One: but one soul by means of many false gods may commit fornication, but not be made fruitful."
1358:. Wives', especially senior wives', status in a community can increase through the addition of other wives, who add to the family's prosperity or symbolize conspicuous consumption (much as a large house, domestic help, or expensive vacations operate in a
2444:
declared that polygamy was not protected by the Constitution, based on the longstanding legal principle that "laws are made for the government of actions, and while they cannot interfere with mere religious belief and opinions, they may with practices."
1879:
long as polygamists currently do not obtain legal marriage licenses nor seek "common law marriage status" for additional spouses, no enforced laws are being broken any more than when monogamous couples similarly co-habitate without a marriage license.
6907:
6850:
2830:
Muslim soldiers. This permission is given to such women in verse 4:24 of Quran. The verse also emphasizes on transparency, mutual agreement and financial compensation as prerequisites for matrimonial relationship as opposed to prostitution; it says:
6929:
1956:
In modern times a minority of Roman Catholic theologians have argued that polygamy, though not ideal, can be a legitimate form of Christian marriage in certain regions, in particular Africa. The Roman Catholic Church teaches in its Catechism that:
1389:
In monogamous societies, wealthy and powerful men may establish enduring relationships with, and established separate household for, multiple female partners, aside from their legitimate wives; a practice accepted in Imperial China up until the
3445:
Prosecutors in Utah have long had a policy of not pursuing polygamy in the absence of other associated crimes (e.g. fraud, abuse, marriage of underage persons, etc.). There are about 30,000 people living in polygamous communities in Utah.
1655:
affair. Normally Buddhist monks do not participate in it (though in some sects priests and monks do marry). Hence marriage receives no religious sanction. Forms of marriage, in consequence, vary from country to country. The Parabhava
1549:. Bob Simpson, the British social anthropologist, notes that it creates an "extended family" by tying together a number of households, including mobile children. He says that Britons may have ex‑wives or ex‑brothers‑in‑law, but not an
4098:
1863:, has 15 wives. In some instances in recent times, there have been moves for accommodation; in other instances, churches have strongly resisted such moves. African Independent Churches have sometimes referred to those parts of the
6329:
3437:
and other groups, struck down the parts of Utah's bigamy law that criminalized cohabitation, while also acknowledging that the state may still enforce bans on having multiple marriage licenses. This decision was overturned by the
2860:
One reason cited for polygyny is that it allows a man to give financial protection to multiple women, who might otherwise not have any support (e.g. widows). However, some Islamic scholars say the wife can set a condition, in the
1719:
explicitly allowed for polygamy, especially amongst the noble class. Some modern Celtic pagan religions accept the practice of polygamy to varying degrees, though how widespread the practice is within these religions is unknown.
1311:
Anthropologists Douglas R. White and Michael L. Burton discuss and support Jack Goody's observation regarding African male farming systems in "Causes of Polygyny: Ecology, Economy, Kinship, and Warfare" where these authors note:
3022:
Polygamy was common among Jewish communities in the Levant, possibly due to the influence of Muslim society, with 17% of divorce claims by women being due to complaints over husbands taking additional wives. According to R.
3845:
2869:
separately by their husband. Usually the wives have little to no contact with each other and lead separate, individual lives in their own houses, and sometimes in different cities, though they all share the same husband.
3338:
polygamy (having multiple partners at the same time) is not a criminal offence, provided the person does not register more than one marriage at the same time. In the UK, adultery is not a criminal offence (it is only a
1776:" Supporters of polygamy claim that this verse indicates that the term refers to a physical, rather than a spiritual, union. Such a claim also contradicts Paul's statement regarding authority other each other's bodies.
3306:
can only be contracted between a man and a woman, neither of whom is married to someone else. Furthermore, Russia does not recognize polygamous marriages that had been contracted in other countries. Under Russian law,
3523:
Indonesia is the most populous Muslim country. Most polygamous families in the country are of Muslim background; they may also be aristocrats, registered civil servants, Islamic students (santri), and wholesalers.
2995:(11QT LVII 17–18) seems to prohibit polygamy. The rabbinical era, beginning with the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, saw a continuation of some degree of legal acceptance for polygamy. Statements in the
2857:, his first wife, for 25 years, until she died. After her death, he married multiple women. Muhammad had a total of 9 wives at the same time, even though Muslim men were limited to 4 wives. His total wives are 11.
3562:
selection for suitable men (i.e. decorated war heroes) to enter a marital relationship with an additional woman was planned. The privileged position of the first wife was to be secured by awarding her the title
8717:
polygamy was accepted and practiced throughout Israel's history, although to what extent we cannot be sure, since the sources for the most part are derived from and describe the elite ruling and upper classes.
2936:
Countries that allow polygyny typically also require a man to obtain permission from his previous wives before marrying another, and require the man to prove that he can financially support multiple wives. In
2776:
And one of His signs is that He created for you spouses from among yourselves so that you may find comfort in them. And He has placed between you compassion and mercy. Surely in this are signs for people who
2596:
and some of the groups that were previously associated with it are not convinced that Joseph Smith practiced plural marriage and they believe that the evidence which indicates that he practiced it is flawed.
2224:
1787:
Have ye not read, that he which made them at the beginning made them male and female, And said, For this cause shall a man leave father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife: and they twain shall be one
985:
Worldwide, different societies variously encourage, accept or outlaw polygamy. In societies which allow or tolerate polygamy, polygyny is the accepted form in the vast majority of cases. According to the
3442:, thus effectively recriminalizing polygamy as a felony. In 2020, Utah voted to downgrade polygamy from a felony to an infraction, but it remains a felony if force, threats or other abuses are involved.
9513:
2739:
and made polygamy illegal for everyone in India except for Muslims. Prior to 1955, polygamy was permitted for Hindus. Marriage laws in India are dependent upon the religion of the parties in question.
10515:
6190:
1874:
writes "submit to the authorities, not only because of possible punishment but also because of conscience" (Romans 13:5), for "the authorities that exist have been established by God." (Romans 13:1)
9107:
5035:
4026:
2720:) along with the husband. The chief consort had to be of an equal knowledge. If a man married several women from the same knowledgeable, then the eldest wife held the position of the chief consort.
10038:
6560:
2968:
was actually born first, even if he hates that son's mother and likes another wife more; and Deuteronomy 17:17 states that the king shall not have too many wives. Despite its prevalence in the
1949:
The Council of Trent condemns polygamy: "If anyone saith, that it is lawful for Christians to have several wives at the same time, and that this is not prohibited by any divine law; let him be
1898:
made clear in the equal personal dignity which must be accorded to husband and wife in mutual and unreserved affection. Polygamy is contrary to conjugal love which is undivided and exclusive."
2709:
allow marriage to a second wife if the first one is unable to discharge her religious duties or is unable to bear a child or have any dispute because in Hinduism there was no law for divorce.
4095:
10608:
9222:"Originally, Gershom's ban was limited in time to the year 1260", and a man "could marry more than one wife if he obtained the special permission of 100 rabbis in 3 countries". From faqs.org
1441:
Polyandry, the practice of a woman having more than one husband at one time, is much less prevalent than polygyny. It is specifically provided in the legal codes of some countries, such as
1118:
or polygamy Some definitions of serial monogamy consider it to be polygamy, as it can result in evidence of genetic polygamy. It can also be considered polygamy for anthropological reasons.
3246:
ICCPR does not apply to countries that have not signed it, which includes many Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Malaysia, Brunei, Oman, and South Sudan.
8392:
1032:
The term "polygamy" may be referring to one of various relational types, depending upon context. Four overlapping definitions can be adapted from the work of Ulrich Reichard and others:
7198:
2568:
1526:
refers to remarriage after divorce or death of a spouse from a monogamous marriage, i.e. multiple marriages but only one legal spouse at a time (a series of monogamous relationships).
10664:
6529:
3399:
it currently remains a controversial issue that has been subject to legislative battles throughout the years. As of 2020 Utah is the only state where the practice is designated as an
10346:
9350:
9038:
2945:, a man must justify taking an additional wife at a court hearing before he is allowed to do so. In Sudan, the government encouraged polygyny in 2001 to increase the population.
2551:, a dairy farmer excommunicated from the LDS Church in 1924. Several Mormon fundamentalist groups claim lineage through the Council of Friends, including but not limited to, the
7536:
9762:
8646:
The Oxford Companion to the Bible. Bruce M. Metzger and Michael D. Coogan, eds. Oxford University Press 1993. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 19 March 2010.
1742:
alone as normative. Nevertheless, some Christians groups in different periods have practiced, or currently do practice, polygamy. Some Christians actively debate whether the
1618:
at once (polygyny), or simply sexual reproduction with multiple partners entirely outside of committed relationships (i.e., casual sex without relationships or pair-bonding).
10408:
7940:
1942:
then was, when, even when wives bear children, it was allowed, in order to a more numerous posterity, to marry other wives in addition, which now is certainly not lawful."
3972:
10283:
1479:
and part of northern India, in which two or more brothers would marry the same woman. It is most common in societies marked by high male mortality. It is associated with
10251:
9139:
843:
10219:
11703:
11690:
9189:
3390:
3271:
2552:
2139:
2135:
1675:, polyandry was legal in the kingdom of Kandy, but outlawed by British after conquering the kingdom in 1815. When the Buddhist texts were translated into Chinese, the
10455:
7623:– Helping Victims of Domestic Violence and Child Abuse in Polygamous Communities. A joint report from the offices of the Attorneys General of Arizona and Utah. (2006)
7366:
1045:
occurs when an individual has multiple partners that they live with, have sex with, and cooperate with in acquiring basic resources (such as shelter, food and money).
11708:
2345:
2269:
2484:
those who entered into, or performed, new plural marriages. Even so, many plural husbands and wives continued to cohabit until their deaths in the 1940s and 1950s.
7731:
1855:, tensions have frequently erupted between advocates of the Christian insistence on monogamy and advocates of the traditional practice of polygamy. For instance,
2427:
2379:
took multiple wives. Mormon elders who publicly taught that all men were commanded to enter plural marriage were subject to harsh discipline. On 7 June 1844 the
5761:
2583:, known as the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (RLDS Church) prior to 2001, has never sanctioned polygamy since its foundation in 1860.
10127:
8639:
1980:. Evangelical Lutheran missionaries in Maasai also tolerate the practice of polygamy and in Southern Sudan, some polygamists are becoming Lutheran Christians.
10638:
11526:
10068:
1574:-like arrangement where three or more adults live together, all considering themselves partners, sharing finances, children, and household responsibilities.
6552:
6182:
1276:'s impact on the male-to-female sex ratio as a key factor in the emergence and fortification of polygynous practices in regions of Africa. In the region of
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10507:
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9099:
5031:
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4016:
3439:
7457:
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Scientific studies classify humans as "mildly polygynous" or "monogamous with polygynous tendencies." As mentioned above, data from 1960 to 1980 in the
10882:
10034:
9719:
6825:
5619:. For deeper, scholarly analysis, see e.g. David Silverman, "The Construction of 'Delicate' Objects in Counselling", in ed. Margaret Wetherell et al.,
2976:(and others), in contrast, states that "Polygyny continued to be practiced well into the biblical period, and it is attested among Jews as late as the
2091:
7005:
6627:
6337:
3321:-inhabited regions of Russia, men sometimes may have multiple women as wives, one report claims. This sometimes results in households that are openly
12069:
1308:, where more agricultural work is done by men, and where polygyny is desired by men more for the generation of male offspring whose labor is valued.
883:
10484:
9560:
11353:
10612:
10568:
9745:"GENERAL COMMENTS ADOPTED BY THE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITTEE UNDER ARTICLE 40, PARAGRAPH 4, OF THE INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS"
9687:
9405:
7080:
4665:
Dupanloup, Isabelle; Pereira, Luisa; Bertorelle, Giorgio; Calafell, Francesc; Prata, Maria; Amorim, Antonio; Barbujani, Guido; et al. (2003).
4560:
Lippold, Sebastian; Xu, Hongyang; Ko, Albert; Li, Mingkun; Renaud, Gabriel; Butthof, Anne; Schröder, Roland; Stoneking, Mark (24 September 2014).
3883:
3123:
had three wives. Polygamy appears to have been a right of spiritual dignitaries and aristocrats. It is mentioned in foreign writings, such as the
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2285:
2078:
9215:
8400:
7633:
6689:
6268:
9474:
8972:
7966:
7802:
7190:
10920:
9366:
7051:
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9792:
6521:
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3422:(LDS Church). The LDS Church subsequently ended the practice of polygamy around the turn of the twentieth century; however, several smaller
3150:
Each man according to his means contracts many or few marriages, whence their affection, divided as it is among various objects, grows cold.
2972:, some scholars do not believe that polygyny was commonly practiced in the biblical era because it required a significant amount of wealth.
1738:
describes numerous examples of polygamy among devotees to God, most Christian groups have rejected the practice of polygamy and have upheld
11807:
4840:
4185:
Kramer, Karen L.; Russell, Andrew F. (2014). "Kin-selected cooperation without lifetime monogamy: human insights and animal implications".
10336:
9428:"Tzvi Zohar's comprehensive academic research on the subject, Akdamot Journal for Jewish Thought 17, 2003, Beit Morasha Press (in Hebrew)"
7562:
4752:
1772:: "Do you not know that he who is joined to a prostitute becomes one body with her? For, as it is written, 'The two will become one flesh.
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9077:
9030:
8704:
7696:
4948:
3419:
814:
10189:
9288:
8749:
4871:
1684:
of marriage are also present, like group marriage and monogamous marriage. Polyandry (especially fraternal polyandry) is also common in
1362:). For such reasons, senior wives sometimes work hard or contribute from their own resources to enable their husbands to accumulate the
7980:
6802:
4070:
3912:
2587:, the first Prophet-President of the RLDS Church following the reorganization of the Church, was an ardent opponent of the practice of
9434:
9164:
7758:
7528:
4809:
3258:
has argued that polygyny is a violation of International Human Rights Law, as a form of gender discrimination. In Canada, the federal
1321:
970:
recognizes the relationship. In many countries, the law only recognises monogamous marriages (a person can only have one spouse, and
10893:
9766:
7616:
5403:
4119:
3376:
10092:
5276:
12366:
11567:
10991:
8338:
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authorities, the concept of concubines may serve as a practical halachic justification for premarital or non-marital cohabitation.
2261:
10877:
10396:
3000:
divorcing a first wife before taking a second. In practice, polygamy was extremely rare in Jewish society in the Talmudic period.
2011:
that such a polygamist shall not be compelled to put away any of his wives on account of the social deprivation they would suffer.
11961:
11166:
8510:
8255:
2032:
8081:
4168:
10546:
10273:
9821:
9343:
9311:
5883:
Harcourt, A. H.; Harvey, P. H.; Larson, S. G.; Short, RV (1981). "Testis weight, body weight and breeding system in primates".
2355:, written after the doctrine of plural marriage began to be practiced, publicly condemned polygamy. This scripture was used by
1195:
Polygyny, the practice wherein a man has more than one wife at the same time, is by far the most common form of polygamy. Many
10241:
9131:
7485:
2513:
stated in 2005 that there were as many as 37,000 fundamentalists with less than half of them living in polygamous households.
11001:
10861:
10837:
10815:
10785:
10766:
10318:
10211:
9590:
9499:
9071:
8948:
8873:
8819:
8743:
8698:
8671:
8547:
8490:
8457:
7393:
6381:
6316:
6297:
6099:
6060:
5557:
5189:
4510:
4064:
3715:
3236:
2325:
2147:
876:
9181:
8589:
7311:
6066:
4917:
3003:
Later on, the Jewish codices began a process of restricting polygamy in Judaism. Most notable, though more specifically for
2491:
to leave the LDS Church in order to continue the practice of plural marriage. Polygamy among these groups persists today in
1711:
depending on the time period and the area. In some areas this continued even after Christianization began, for instance the
996:
and socioeconomic status. Polygamy (taking the form of polygyny) is most common in a region known as the "polygamy belt" in
11132:
10452:
4786:
3798:
2495:
and neighboring states as well as in the spin-off colonies. Polygamist churches of Mormon origin are often referred to as "
2406:
1870:
The illegality of polygamy in certain areas creates, according to certain Bible passages, additional arguments against it.
826:
9658:
8312:
5840:
Dixson, A. L.; Anderson, M. J. (2002). "Sexual selection, seminal coagulation and copulatory plug formation in primates".
11698:
11560:
7720:
5485:
3777:
2063:
2005:
that the polygamist shall promise not to marry again as long as any of his wives at the time of his conversion are alive;
1039:
occurs when an individual is married to more than one person. The other spouses may or may not be married to one another.
10368:
ROWER, ALYSSA (29 December 2017). "The Legality of Polygamy: Using the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment".
8450:"LES EXPERTS DU CEDAW S'INQUIÈTENT DE LA PERSISTANCE DE STÉRÉOTYPES SEXISTES ET DE LA SITUATION DES MINORITÉS EN SERBIE"
4353:"Are We Monogamous? A Review of the Evolution of Pair-Bonding in Humans and Its Contemporary Variation Cross-Culturally"
12524:
9905:
8614:
8188:
7578:
6480:
5684:
5118:
4710:
3403:
rather than the more serious designation as a crime. However, recognizing polygamous unions is still illegal under the
1051:
refers to individuals who have more than one sexual partner or who have sex partners outside of a primary relationship.
835:
8316:
6499:
6214:"Can a sex-biased human demography account for the reduced effective population size of chromosome X in non-Africans?"
3527:
Constitutionally, Indonesia (basically) only recognizes monogamy. But, government allows polygamy in some conditions:
11769:
11733:
10913:
10736:
10698:
9546:
8846:
8789:
8433:
8375:
8206:
8161:
8134:
8057:
8024:
7174:
7146:
7121:
7066:
7035:
6455:
6430:
5753:
5663:
5628:
5616:
5358:
5078:
4911:
4667:"A recent shift from polygyny to monogamy in humans is suggested by the analysis of worldwide Y-chromosome diversity"
4277:
4253:
3485:
3267:
2230:
2151:
1796:
Now a bishop must be above reproach, married only once, temperate, sensible, respectable, hospitable, an apt teacher,
186:
93:
10109:
9244:
Shifman, P. (29 December 1978). "The English Law of Bigamy in a Multi-Confessional Society: The Israel Experience".
8636:
7416:
3363:
remains a controversial issue that has been subject to legislative battles throughout the years; it is currently an
11800:
10634:
8986:
Lapidoth, Ruth (July 1975). "Israel Yearbook on Human Rights. Edited by Yoram Dinstein and Nitza Shapiro-Libai. ".
8507:"Omar Hassan al-Bashir, has urged Sudanese men to take more than one wife, claiming that this would the population"
7660:
6024:
4562:"Human paternal and maternal demographic histories: insights from high-resolution Y chromosome and mtDNA sequences"
4160:, W. Little, H.W. Fowler, J. Coulson (ed.), C.T. Onions (rev. & ed.,) Oxford 1969, 3rd edition, vol.1, p.1275;
3641:
3062:
prohibits polygamy by law. In practice, however, the law is loosely enforced, primarily to avoid interference with
2411:
2087:
1893:
1769:
869:
10060:
7917:
When challenged this way he typically responded . . . 'I am not positive nor sure that he was innocent'.
5730:
5321:
2397:
was killed by a mob on 27 June 1844, the main body of Latter Day Saints left Nauvoo and followed Brigham Young to
1807:
Periodically, Christian reform movements that have sought to rebuild Christian doctrine based on the Bible alone (
11949:
10851:
9967:
2252:
2059:
1334:
where polygyny rates are higher), finding that polygyny rates decrease significantly with child mortality rates.
11358:
10429:
4628:
12766:
12705:
12297:
11211:
7443:
3434:
3255:
1450:
9933:
3670:
2476:
in 1904, which documented that the LDS Church was still practicing polygamy spurred the LDS Church to issue a
12314:
12292:
11983:
11240:
10582:
10149:
6685:
lists only one manuscript (P46) as source of the verse, while nine other manuscripts have no such verse, cf.
5148:
3841:
3223:
In Nigeria and South Africa, polygamous marriages under customary law and for Muslims are legally recognized.
3058:) discontinued polygyny more recently, after they immigrated to countries where it was forbidden or illegal.
2754:
1800:
See verse 12 regarding deacons having only one wife. Similar counsel is repeated in the first chapter of the
611:
50:
11348:
8865:
The Dead Sea Scrolls on Sexuality: Attitudes Towards Sexuality in Sectarian and Related Literature at Qumran
8763:
of the Exile), an eleventh- century German rabbi, possibly under Christian influence, eventually forbade it.
7028:
The Ratzinger report: an exclusive interview on the state of the Church Pope Benedict XVI, Vittorio Messori"
6829:
5573:
FALEN, DOUGLAS J. (23 October 2009). "Polygamy: a cross-cultural analysis by Zeitzen, Miriam Koktvedgaard".
3407:. Federal legislation to outlaw the practice was endorsed as constitutional in 1878 by the Supreme Court in
11774:
11521:
10906:
9712:
9398:"Kosher Sex Without Marriage, a Jerusalem Post article that discusses Jacob Emden's and Tzvi Zohar's views"
7001:
6686:
6623:
3680:
3515:
of the U.S. Constitution. The case was dismissed with prejudice on 10 February 2016, for lack of standing.
3470:
3430:
2825:, as divorce is legal in Islamic law. A non-Muslim woman who flees from her non-Muslim husband and accepts
2540:
2241:
2131:
1860:
653:
205:
10800:
World Religions and Social Evolution of the Old World Oikumene Civilizations: A Cross-cultural Perspective
6122:
Musharoff, Shaila; Shringarpure, Suyash; Bustamante, Carlos D.; Ramachandran, Sohini (20 September 2019).
3735:
For the extent to which states can and do recognize potentially and actual polygamous forms as valid, see
2988:
46:
12409:
11944:
11793:
11388:
10397:"Are Anti-Polgygamy Laws an Unconstitutional Infringement on the Liberty Interests of Consenting Adults?"
3815:
3766:
2564:
2504:
2419:
2356:
2143:
1846:
Ego sane fateor, me non posse prohibere, si quis plures velit uxores ducere, nec repugnat sacris literis.
700:
10476:
9397:
7077:
3456:
and journalist Jillian Keenan support the freedom for adults to voluntarily enter polygamous marriages.
2499:" churches even though they are not parts of the LDS Church. Such fundamentalists often use a purported
2430:. The LDS Church believed that their religiously based practice of plural marriage was protected by the
12729:
12459:
9680:
7960:
6670:
3878:
3810:
2877:
being the only one where no restrictions are imposed on it. The practice is illegal in Muslim-majority
2431:
1591:
1288:
987:
326:
17:
9748:
7502:
6659:
2835:
is permissible to be mutually gracious regarding the set dowry. Surely Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
2206:
1223:
tradition which allows polygyny. It is derived from the religious precepts of Islam, particularly the
12561:
11671:
11468:
11413:
9629:
9613:
9212:
7784:
7637:
3736:
3409:
2556:
2440:
2318:
2281:
2200:
2123:
2095:
1972:
1196:
1069:
79:
7931:
6648:
6264:
2543:(also known as the Woolley Group and the Priesthood Council) was one of the original expressions of
2418:
was "to prohibit in the territories those twin relics of barbarism, polygamy and slavery". In 1862,
960:
is marriage consisting of only two parties. Like "monogamy", the term "polygamy" is often used in a
12029:
11939:
11666:
11496:
11463:
11305:
11300:
11095:
11064:
10278:
10013:
8295:
7570:
3675:
3166:
2301:
2277:
2265:
2212:
1729:
1553:. According to him, these "unclear families" do not fit the mold of the monogamous nuclear family.
1178:
580:
9788:
9374:
6743:
1614:
polygyny societies, where the majority of individuals seldom have more than one partner at a time.
1354:. Senior wives can benefit as well when the addition of junior wives to the family lightens their
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12386:
12361:
11764:
11203:
11116:
10953:
9891:
9887:
6725:
4848:
3512:
3111:
There is limited information about polygamy in Zoroastrian tradition. There is no passage in the
2423:
2173:
8049:
5147:. Centre for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford. pp. 1–30. Archived from
1605:
that may include polygyny or polyandry, but is most likely to be predominantly serial monogamy.
1080:
in the sense of a lack of sexual or genetic (reproductive) exclusivity. When cultural or social
750:
12581:
12302:
12117:
11686:
11473:
11443:
11398:
11393:
11280:
11069:
11021:
10968:
10825:
7592:
6372:. Translated by Mygind, A.; Hauch, C.; Henry, P. Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions. p.
4756:
3585:
3449:
3382:
3259:
2898:
2854:
2817:
Muslim women are not allowed to marry more than one husband at once. However, in the case of a
2339:
2185:
2024:
1814:
1415:
They can thus be described as a "series of linked nuclear families with a 'father' in common".
676:
533:
246:
10728:
10722:
10721:(1997). "The economics of polygamy". In Grinker, Roy Richard; Steiner, Christopher B. (eds.).
9061:
8836:
8688:
8423:
8365:
8178:
8151:
8124:
8014:
7692:
6760:
6308:
6289:
4940:
3016:
1503:. The women remain in their maternal home, living with their brothers, and property is passed
1381:
1057:
refers to sexual relationships that result in children who have genetic evidence of different
745:
12533:
12034:
11438:
11408:
11310:
11195:
11041:
10179:
10114:
8863:
8733:
8480:
8107:
7789:
7665:
7448:
7429:
a video presentation concerning the history of Mormon polygamy and its modern manifestations.
6363:
6089:
5715:"Rethinking Polygyny: Co-Wives, Codes, and Cultural Systems [and Comments and Reply]"
4879:
3863:
3423:
3386:
3299:
2560:
2544:
2509:
2496:
2394:
2127:
2118:
1622:
perceived attractiveness or ability to produce food) to the man's (social or coercive power).
1496:
1299:, Goody notes that the sexual division of labour varies between the male-dominated intensive
859:
819:
9280:
7719:
6794:
5307:
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5796:
5549:
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3426:
groups across the state (not associated with the mainstream Church) continue the practice.
3404:
3368:
3143:
2680:
This linkage of the number of permitted wives to the varna system is also supported by the
2311:
1664:
1578:
is on a continuum of family-bonds that includes group marriage. The term does not refer to
1292:
1073:
502:
486:
415:
10089:
7613:
5375:
4105:. Monogamy: Mating Strategies and Partnerships in Birds, Humans and Other Mammals:161–176.
3216:
In India, Malaysia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Singapore, polygamy is only legal for
2480:
again claiming that it had ceased performing new plural marriages. By 1910 the LDS Church
1004:, with the countries estimated to have the highest polygamy prevalence in the world being
8:
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6311:: foundations, values, and issues, Brian Peter Harvey, Cambridge University Press, 2000,
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351:
346:
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7167:
The Eye of the Storm: Bishop John William Colenso and the Crisis of Biblical Inspiration
6729:
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5800:
5586:
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4404:
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3266:
In 2017, two Canadian religious leaders were found guilty of practicing polygamy by the
2008:
that the receiving of such a polygamist has the consent of the local Anglican community;
160:
Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the
120:
Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the
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11333:
11267:
11142:
11127:
11054:
11034:
10973:
10807:
10803:
10377:
10184:
10017:
9468:
9261:
9063:
A Separate People: Jewish Women in Palestine, Syria, and Egypt in the Sixteenth Century
9011:
8966:
8396:
8042:
7908:
7892:
7726:
7358:
7342:
7289:
7273:
6882:
6238:
6213:
6158:
6123:
6016:
6000:
5916:
5865:
5822:
5722:
5524:
5477:
5469:
5395:
5004:
4971:
4702:
4609:
4596:
4561:
4442:
4429:
4388:
3964:
3932:
3705:
3340:
3295:
3284:
2732:
2448:
Increasingly harsh anti-polygamy legislation in the US led some Mormons to emigrate to
2435:
2360:
2257:
1993:
1989:
1902:
1852:
1779:
Some Christian theologians argue that in Matthew 19:3–9 and referring to Genesis 2:24,
1680:
1507:. A similar form of matrilineal, de facto polyandry can be found in the institution of
1481:
1300:
1277:
1183:
785:
635:
631:
626:
492:
9886:
Neither bigamy, nor polygamy, nor cohabitation is listed as a crime or offence in the
8506:
8224:
6777:
1396:
1295:
and polygamy in the majority of sub-Saharan African societies. Drawing on the work of
12756:
12478:
12464:
12432:
12394:
12319:
12309:
12167:
12112:
12097:
12010:
11988:
11978:
11916:
11911:
11884:
11835:
11676:
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11610:
11378:
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11290:
11171:
11137:
11111:
11079:
11059:
11049:
11029:
11016:
11011:
10857:
10833:
10811:
10781:
10762:
10732:
10694:
10562:
10119:
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9552:
9542:
9505:
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9067:
9015:
9003:
8954:
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8888:
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8694:
8667:
8553:
8543:
8486:
8429:
8371:
8247:
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8073:
8053:
8020:
7988:
7912:
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7884:
7794:
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7574:
7362:
7350:
7334:
7293:
7281:
7265:
7170:
7142:
7117:
7062:
7031:
6886:
6476:
6451:
6426:
6395:
6387:
6377:
6312:
6293:
6243:
6163:
6145:
6095:
6056:
6008:
5957:
5908:
5857:
5814:
5680:
5659:
5624:
5612:
5590:
5553:
5461:
5427:
The Dynamics of polyandry: kinship, domesticity, and population on the Tibetan border
5354:
5268:
5185:
5074:
5009:
4991:
4907:
4694:
4601:
4583:
4542:
4529:
Scheidel, Walter (2008). "Monogamy and Polygyny in Greece, Rome, and World History".
4506:
4480:
4434:
4416:
4316:
4273:
4249:
4218:
4210:
4165:
4060:
3987:
3956:
3948:
3940:
3503:
3085:
supported the legalisation by the Israeli government of polygamy and the practice of
3008:
2977:
2748:
2736:
2644:, the number of wives one could have is linked to one's social class, referred to as
2488:
1813:) have temporarily accepted polygyny as a Biblical practice. For example, during the
1492:
1374:
1370:
1204:
1200:
1188:
1150:, where the family unit consists of multiple husbands and multiple wives of legal age
1085:
790:
770:
481:
410:
400:
341:
336:
10538:
9843:
9817:
7244:"A Trajectory of Plurality: An Overview of Joseph Smith's Thirty‑three Plural Wives"
6020:
5936:"Genetic evidence for unequal effective population sizes of human females and males"
5920:
5869:
5481:
5300:
4613:
12710:
12700:
12669:
12190:
12147:
12024:
11723:
11423:
11403:
11272:
10986:
10795:
10747:
10341:
9654:
9340:
9319:
9253:
8995:
8922:
8775:
8449:
8239:
8213:
section at general information website on Indian laws by Sudhir Shah and Associates
7874:
7858:
7482:
7326:
7255:
6874:
6233:
6225:
6153:
6135:
5992:
5947:
5900:
5849:
5826:
5804:
5582:
5516:
5453:
5387:
5258:
5248:
5110:
5066:
4999:
4983:
4706:
4686:
4591:
4573:
4534:
4472:
4446:
4424:
4408:
4364:
4306:
4241:
4202:
3968:
3924:
3579:
3558:
3501:
In January 2015, Pastor Neil Patrick Carrick of Detroit, Michigan, brought a case (
3489:
3318:
3142:
It was also written about in the 4th century CE by the Roman soldier and historian
3124:
2984:
2716:, only one wife could rank as the chief consort who performed the religious rites (
2646:
2584:
2548:
2477:
2457:
2381:
2376:
2368:
2155:
2107:
2067:
1871:
1801:
1747:
1508:
775:
575:
570:
550:
396:
281:
54:
10315:
9582:
9491:
The Hymns of Zoroaster: a New Translation of the Most Ancient Sacred Texts of Iran
7390:
6704:
6091:
The Eighteen Stages of Love: Its Natural History, Fragrance, Celebration and Chase
5114:
2772:
the ideal relationship is the comfort that a couple find in each other's embrace:
2615:, a man could have more than one wife. The practice is attested in epics like the
12751:
12637:
12519:
12346:
12214:
12185:
12175:
12055:
11998:
11993:
11899:
11867:
10898:
10887:
10459:
10436:
10322:
10096:
9347:
9219:
8809:
8779:
8643:
8593:
8586:
8210:
7620:
7489:
7397:
7307:
7084:
7057:
6735:
6503:
6403:
6140:
6050:
5976:
5348:
5070:
4901:
4245:
4172:
4102:
3887:
3820:
3710:
3700:
3627:
3564:
3474:
3043:
2728:
Traditional Hindu law allowed polygamy if the first wife could not bear a child.
2588:
2518:
2500:
2236:
2218:
1888:
1833:
1696:
1530:
1523:
1232:
1058:
809:
765:
760:
740:
735:
730:
705:
621:
616:
476:
375:
367:
331:
11759:
8243:
6553:"Idaho Evangelical Christian polygamists use Internet to meet potential spouses"
5981:"Pair-Bonding, Romantic Love, and Evolution: The Curious Case of "Homo sapiens""
4778:
2761:
at the same time, up to a total of four. Muslim women are not permitted to have
12625:
12620:
12376:
12351:
12260:
12180:
12152:
12130:
12122:
12090:
12062:
12003:
11971:
11857:
11845:
11830:
11600:
8453:
6878:
6721:
6046:
5324:. Social Institutions & Gender Index, genderindex.org. 2007. Archived from
5220:
Herlihy, David (1984). McNetting, Robert; Will, Richard; Arnould, Eric (eds.).
5058:
4412:
4206:
4161:
4057:
Monogamy: Mating Strategies and Partnerships in Birds, Humans and Other Mammals
3599:
3554:
3039:
3028:
3004:
2973:
2628:
2473:
2465:
2461:
2415:
2388:
2099:
1809:
1765:
1716:
1700:
1657:
1562:
1468:
1147:
1081:
1001:
967:
715:
565:
497:
456:
451:
251:
8999:
8958:
8911:
7863:"Methods and Motives: Joseph Smith III's Opposition to Polygamy, 1860–90"
5473:
5441:
4690:
3928:
3507:) against the State of Michigan that the state's ban of polygamy violates the
2507:
as the basis for their authority to continue the practice of plural marriage.
1203:
to varying extents both legally and culturally. In several countries, such as
12745:
12678:
12632:
12449:
12399:
12157:
12044:
11921:
11840:
11738:
11605:
11552:
10718:
10539:"CARRICK v. SNYDER | Case No. 15-cv-10108. | By... | 20160211c62| Leagle.com"
10123:
10035:"Polygamy is essentially decriminalized in Utah under a bill signed into law"
9509:
9007:
8557:
8279:
8251:
7904:
7888:
7798:
7674:
7439:
7354:
7338:
7285:
7269:
7061:", edited by David Maxwell with Ingrid Lawrie, p. 345–346, Brill, 2002,
6693:
6149:
5996:
5594:
5465:
5272:
4995:
4587:
4546:
4484:
4420:
4320:
4214:
3952:
3944:
3936:
3806:
3481:
3453:
3051:
3012:
2992:
2640:
2481:
2402:
2372:
2273:
2083:
1864:
1826:
1754:
1743:
1735:
1546:
1542:
1504:
1359:
1296:
1216:
982:
polygamy being allowed without legal recognition for non-official "spouses".
755:
720:
560:
441:
420:
316:
256:
161:
121:
85:
39:
9556:
9031:"Levant: Women in the Jewish Communities after the Ottoman Conquest of 1517"
8606:
7588:
7312:"Nauvoo Roots of Mormon Polygamy, 1841–46: A Preliminary Demographic Report"
6399:
6229:
5952:
5935:
5098:
4369:
4352:
3761:
12695:
11635:
11625:
11516:
10847:
10686:
10661:"Hukum Poligami dan Prosedurnya yang Sah di Indonesia - Klinik Hukumonline"
10246:
9910:
8574:
7239:
6682:
6556:
6525:
6496:
6407:
6359:
6247:
6167:
6121:
6012:
5961:
5861:
5818:
5013:
4987:
4698:
4666:
4605:
4578:
4438:
4222:
3960:
3550:
3317:
Due to the imbalance between urban educated women and men in predominantly
3312:
3082:
3066:
culture, where polygyny is practiced. Pre-existing polygynous unions among
3055:
3047:
2969:
2958:
2918:
2906:
2612:
2523:
2055:
1568:
1391:
1240:
1005:
993:
938:
555:
446:
405:
371:
361:
266:
10505:
9489:
8892:
8203:
5912:
4238:
Cassava and the Makushi: A Shared History of Resiliency and Transformation
1423:
1207:, the law only recognizes polygamous marriages for the Muslim population.
12615:
12437:
12240:
10778:
Polygamy Reconsidered: African Plural Marriage and the Christian Churches
9536:
7410:
6610:
4538:
3774:"Polygamy | Etymology, origin and meaning of polygamy by etymonline"
3685:
3492:, rejects the decriminalization and legalization of polygamy. He stated:
3024:
2623:
2528:
2181:
1841:
1712:
1512:
1402:
1363:
1273:
1269:
1165:
997:
780:
658:
311:
301:
10724:
Perspectives on Africa: a reader in culture, history, and representation
10381:
9100:"Polygamy is rare around the world and mostly confined to a few regions"
8907:
7896:
7678:
7346:
7277:
6687:
http://nttranscripts.uni-muenster.de/AnaServer?NTtranscripts+0+start.anv
6599:
6004:
5980:
5507:
Gough, E. Kathleen (1959). "The Nayars and the Definition of Marriage".
5032:"Polygamy is rare around the world and mostly confined to a few regions"
4463:
Frost, Peter (2008). "Sexual selection and human geographic variation".
4387:
Brown, Gillian R.; Laland, Kevin N.; Mulder, Monique Borgerhoff (2009).
4311:
4294:
3355:
2785:
2464:) announcing that the LDS Church had discontinued new plural marriages.
1291:
demonstrated a historical correlation between the practice of extensive
12371:
12219:
11879:
10749:
After Polygamy Was Made a Sin: The Social History of Christian Polygamy
8662:(1st ed.). New York, Boston: Twelve. Hachette Book Group. p.
8538:(1st ed.). New York, Boston: Twelve. Hachette Book Group. p.
7229:
Greiner & Sherman, Revised Laws of Illinois, 1833, pp. 198–199
5726:
5714:
5528:
5399:
5325:
5263:
5209:(2nd, revised ed.). University of Minnesota Press. pp. 92–93.
4739:
Production and Reproduction: A Comparative Study of the Domestic Domain
4142:
1. The practice or principle of marrying only once. opp. to digamy now
3773:
3613:
3400:
3364:
3291:
3171:
3027:(16th century author of the last great codification of Jewish law, the
2930:
2926:
2922:
2914:
2894:
2843:
2721:
2705:
2682:
2522:
that the portions of Utah's anti-polygamy laws which prohibit multiple
2177:
1856:
1758:
1284:
1252:
900:
725:
710:
425:
12491:
11850:
9959:
9265:
7693:"Utah Polygamy Decision | Mormonism and Polygamy | Polygamy"
5853:
5442:"Why Polyandry Fails: Sources of Instability in Polyandrous Marriages"
4976:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
2810:
12652:
12566:
12356:
12235:
11785:
11620:
11615:
11511:
7879:
7862:
7330:
7260:
7243:
6124:"The inference of sex-biased human demography from whole-genome data"
5904:
5642:
Changing Families: An Ethnographic Approach to Divorce and Separation
4476:
3894:
recording the marital composition of 1231 societies from 1960 to 1980
3665:
3655:
3465:
3415:
3120:
3067:
2762:
2698:
2661:
2159:
1830:
1708:
1676:
1672:
1648:
1575:
1529:
According to Danish scholar Miriam K. Zeitzen, anthropologists treat
1436:
1351:
1141:
1099:
1065:
934:
908:
306:
35:
8425:
Social Assessment and Agricultural Reform in Central Asia and Turkey
5809:
5784:
5520:
5391:
5253:
5222:
Households: Comparative and Historical Studies of the Domestic Group
3607:
3270:. Both of them are former bishops of the Mormon denomination of the
2793:
he cannot deal justly with his wives. This is based on verse 4:3 of
158:
about polygamy in the Eastern (Orthodox, Coptic, Assyrian) churches.
12657:
12607:
12501:
12454:
11904:
11874:
11862:
11754:
11640:
11506:
10150:"Appeals court restores Utah's polygamy law in 'Sister Wives' case"
9257:
8367:
Women, Islam and Everyday Life: Renegotiating Polygamy in Indonesia
7826:(Salt Lake City: Daughters of Utah Pioneers Central Company, 1942).
7755:"'Sister Wives' case: Judge strikes down part of Utah polygamy law"
6781:
6708:
6585:
6581:
5457:
5237:"Critical reflections on polygamy in the African Christian context"
4970:
Henrich, Joseph; Boyd, Robert; Richerson, Peter J. (5 March 2012).
4903:
Many Wives, Many Powers: Authority and Power in Polygynous Families
3650:
3621:
3303:
3116:
3106:
3086:
2954:
2938:
2850:
2758:
2757:, under reasonable and warranted conditions, a Muslim man may have
2617:
2606:
2569:
Righteous Branch of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
2364:
1950:
1875:
1837:
1739:
1704:
1644:
1571:
1485:, the cultural belief that a child can have more than one father.
1355:
1160:
1135:
1103:
975:
962:
957:
933:
is married to more than one husband at the same time, it is called
926:
914:
291:
286:
271:
261:
31:
4664:
3593:
2821:
or their husbands' death they can remarry after the completion of
1248:
1088:
use the term polygamy, the meaning is social or marital polygamy.
12553:
12250:
9991:
9541:(3rd impression, with corrections ed.). Leiden: E.J. Brill.
7191:"Polygamy (Plural Marriage) | LDS Church Perspective on Polygamy"
6183:"The kingdom of women: the society where a man is never the boss"
5654:"Polyamory", in Robert T. Francoeur and Raymond J. Noonan, eds.,
4629:"More women than men have added their DNA to the human gene pool"
4151:
3695:
3263:
Polygamy is an offence punishable by up to five years in prison.
3094:
3075:
3063:
2942:
2886:
2882:
2840:
2818:
2807:
2713:
2667:
2655:
2426:
which clarified that the practice of polygamy was illegal in all
1977:
1836:, who, for many years, had been living "constantly in a state of
1652:
1538:
1500:
1305:
1021:
942:
276:
214:
10007:"House of Commons Library Briefing Paper Number 05051: Polygamy"
6391:
5713:
White, Douglas; Betzig, Laura; Mulder, Monique (1 August 1988).
2658:
may take many wives in the direct order of the (four) knowledge;
1287:'s comparative study of marriage around the world utilizing the
1114:, marriage with only one other person at a time, in contrast to
925:
is married to more than one wife at the same time, it is called
146:
106:
12642:
12325:
12196:
12016:
11595:
11540:
9132:"In defiance of Israeli law, polygamy sanctioned by top rabbis"
8422:
Kudat, Ay?e; Peabody, Stan; Keyder, Ça?lar (29 December 2017).
6302:
5609:
Is Monogamy Dead?: Rethinking Relationships in the 21st Century
4147:
3660:
3217:
3112:
3059:
3038:
In the modern day, polygamy is generally not condoned by Jews.
2996:
2910:
2902:
2890:
2878:
2874:
2782:
2673:
2453:
2449:
1579:
1326:
1265:
1244:
1228:
1208:
1115:
1013:
971:
950:
918:
241:
222:
10506:
Oralandar Brand-Williams, The Detroit News (13 January 2015).
9494:. With Introduction and Commentary by M.L. West. I.B. Tauris.
8180:
Religion and Personal law in secular India: A call to judgment
7056:
Christianity and the African imagination: essays in honour of
5974:
5656:
The Continuum Complete International Encyclopedia of Sexuality
4146:
2. The condition, rule or custom of being married to only one
3089:(the keeping of concubines). Tzvi Zohar, a professor from the
2516:
On 13 December 2013, US Federal Judge Clark Waddoups ruled in
1996:
ruled that polygamy was permissible in certain circumstances:
1325:
Chinese immigrant with his three wives and fourteen children,
12444:
12204:
9844:"Family Code of the Russian Federation, Articles 12 & 14"
9791:. Department of Justice, Government of Canada. 11 July 2006.
8927:
Hasidot umordot: Nashim yehudiyot be-europa biymey habeinayim
8735:
Unmarriages: Women, Men, and Sexual Unions in the Middle Ages
5677:
Group Marriage: A Study of Contemporary Multilateral Marriage
5224:. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 393–395.
4906:. Evanston: Northwestern University Press. 1970. p. 17.
3799:
3240:
2964:
2862:
2826:
2822:
2794:
2769:
1926:) were multiple. He gave two examples of such relationships:
1780:
1685:
1476:
1472:
1465:
1442:
1224:
1220:
1017:
930:
903:
321:
8941:
The Routledge Companion to Jewish History and Historiography
8577:. Trans. Fisch. Jerusalem: Koren Publishers Jerusalem, 1980.
8013:
MacDonell, Arthur Anthony; Keith, Arthur Berriedale (1995).
7785:"Laws on Mormon polygamists lead to win for plural marriage"
6865:
Marcus, Joel (April 2006). "Idolatry in the New Testament".
5509:
Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
5099:"Causes of Polygyny: Ecology, Economy, Kinship, and Warfare"
3989:
Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality Studies
3541:
There are other requirements for registered civil servants.
2389:
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church)
1679:
of others were added to the list of inappropriate partners.
1585:
1582:
as no claim to being married in formal legal terms is made.
1491:
occurs when the wives' husbands are unrelated, as among the
1091:
In contrast, marital monogamy may be distinguished between:
12209:
10110:"Federal judge declared Utah polygamy law unconstitutional"
9789:"POLYGYNY AS A VIOLATION OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW"
3534:
The wife has a physical disability or an incurable disease.
3396:
3360:
3198: Polygamy is illegal, but not criminalised in practice
3093:, recently suggested that based on the opinions of leading
3071:
2866:
2492:
2469:
2398:
1257:
1102:, remain sexually exclusive their entire lives, and become
1009:
356:
10609:"Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan Dan Perlindungan Anak"
8838:
Wealth in the Dead Sea Scrolls and in the Qumran Community
5785:"Sperm competition: motility and the midpiece in primates"
5092:
5090:
4295:"Functions and Limitations of Alaskan Eskimo Wife Trading"
3391:
Current state of polygamy in the Latter Day Saint movement
3272:
Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
3254:
Canada has taken a strong stand against polygamy, and the
2991:
forbade polygamy before and during the first century. The
2873:
In most Muslim-majority countries, polygyny is legal with
2553:
Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
2401:
where the practice of plural marriage continued. In 1852,
913:, "state of marriage to many spouses") is the practice of
10508:"Minister sues Mich. for right to marry same-sex couples"
7529:"FindLaw's United States Supreme Court case and opinions"
7444:"Personality of God – His Attributes – Eternal Life, etc"
6446:
McLeod, Neil (2005). "Brehon law". In Duffy, Seán (ed.).
5882:
2346:
List of Latter Day Saint practitioners of plural marriage
922:
10274:"Polygamists may not face jail time under new Utah bill"
5934:
Wilder, Jason; Mobasher, Zahra; Hammer, Michael (2004).
5207:
Family Structure and Interaction: A Comparative Analysis
4471:(4). American Psychological Association (APA): 169–191.
4465:
Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology
4164:. March 2010. Oxford University Press. 23 Jun. 2010 Cf.
10824:
10446:
5205:
Lee, Gary R. (1982). "Structural Variety in Marriage".
5087:
1634:
1261:, which refers to its human scholarly interpretations.
10180:"Utah Lowers Penalty for Polygamy, No Longer a Felony"
6795:"Law of the Land – Exegesis – Biblical Polygamy . com"
3204: Polygamy is illegal and criminalised in practice
2371:
era when several top Mormon leaders, including Smith,
9747:. United Nations Human Rights Website. Archived from
9461:
The Position of Zoroastrian Women in Remote Antiquity
8016:
Vedic Index of Names and Subjects, Volume 1; Volume 5
7824:
Religious Sects, and Cults That Sprang from Mormonism
7139:
Polygamy in Northern Malawi: A Christian Reassessment
4154:
The habit of living in pairs, or having only one mate
4055:. In Reichard, Ulrich H.; Boesch, Christophe (eds.).
3395:
Polygamy is illegal in all 50 states in the U.S.; in
1098:, "a single relationship between people who marry as
1027:
10242:"'Sister Wives' family to challenge Utah bigamy law"
9866:"Family Code of the Russian Federation, Article 158"
9686:. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.
8687:
Metzger, Bruce M.; Coogan, Michael D., eds. (2001).
7002:"PapalEncyclicals: Council of Trenty, 24th Sessions"
6522:"Cleric: Christian men can marry more than one wife"
6259:
6257:
5933:
4969:
4096:
Ecological and social complexities in human monogamy
3575:
3531:
The wife cannot carry out her obligations as a wife.
3440:
United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
3241:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
9995:. United Kingdom: House of Commons. col. 755W.
8690:
The Oxford Guide to Ideas & Issues of the Bible
8129:. Adam Publishers & Distributors. p. 301.
8039:
7929:Promeet, Dutta; Chauhan, Yamini (6 October 2013) .
7114:
Plural Marriage for Our Times: A Reinvented Option?
6826:"Understanding The Scriptural Teaching on Polygamy"
6052:
Love and Limerence: the Experience of Being in Love
5975:Fletcher, Garth; Simpson, Jeffry; Campbell, Lorne;
3367:; and recognition of polygamy is illegal under the
3192: Polygamy is legal in some regions (Indonesia)
1867:that describe polygamy in defense of the practice.
1783:explicitly states a man should have only one wife:
1453:, under which most siblings would be disinherited.
10928:
10756:
8421:
8041:
7930:
6283:
6039:
5322:"Gender Equality and Social Institutions in Gabon"
5299:
4572:(1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 13.
4267:
3906:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3544:
1199:and some countries with sizable Muslim minorities
1144:, where a woman has multiple simultaneous husbands
7112:Kilbride, Philip Leroy; Page, Douglas R. (2012).
7105:
6254:
6211:
6134:(9). Public Library of Science (PLoS): e1008293.
5712:
5607:For a popular press angle, see e.g. Rosie Wilby,
5097:White, Douglas; Burton, Michael (December 1988).
4878:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from
4816:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from
4755:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from
4386:
4140:, R.C. Preble (ed.), Oxford-London 1962, p. 1275:
4046:
4044:
3910:
2487:Enforcement of the 1890 Manifesto caused various
12743:
10745:
10727:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Blackwell. pp.
10635:"Poligami Dalam Sistem Hukum Republik Indonesia"
10305:Korol, Bruce (2009). "Polygamy is a (al)right".
10090:ACLU of Utah to Join Polygamists in Bigamy Fight
9657:. University of Minnesota Human Rights Library.
8738:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 14.
8341:. ahlalhdeeth. 12 September 2013. Archived from
8232:Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
8225:"Interfaith marriage in comparative perspective"
8109:Life in North-eastern India in Pre-Mauryan times
7556:
7554:
6497:Céard is Sinnsreachd Ann? (What Is Sinnsreachd?)
5703:. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press
5065:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 175–190.
4807:
4150:at a time (opp. to polygamy or bigamy) 1708. 3.
4117:
3911:Starkweather, Katherine; Hames, Raymond (2012).
1817:, in a document which was simply referred to as
10775:
10212:"Brown v. Buhman, No. 14-4117 (10th Cir. 2016)"
8393:"Tunisia: Protecting Ben Ali's Feminist Legacy"
8390:
8156:. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 114.
8019:. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. p. 478.
6423:Cauldron of the Gods: A manual of Celtic magick
4660:
4658:
4656:
4654:
4382:
4380:
3897:
2286:Timeline of civil marriage in the United States
1918:) in their society were always singular, while
1499:prohibitions have been breached) by paying the
11582:
10894:5 Things I Learned as a Mormon Polygamous Wife
9988:
8803:
8801:
8727:
8725:
8012:
7928:
7492:from the Independence Hall Association website
7160:
7158:
6088:Leggett, John C.; Malm, Suzanne (March 1995).
5839:
5782:
4041:
1699:were known to practice polygamy, although the
1385:Village chief and his wives in Guinea, c. 1910
1369:Polygyny may also result from the practice of
949:in a broad sense to mean any form of multiple
11801:
11568:
11534:Kurdish-controlled areas criminalize polygamy
10914:
9903:
8686:
8044:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N–Z
8040:James g. Lochtefeld, PhD (15 December 2001).
7551:
6595:
6593:
6475:. New York, NY: Checkmark Books. p. 17.
4845:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics
4559:
4351:Schacht, Ryan; Kramer, Karen (19 July 2019).
4350:
4240:, Bloomsbury, T&T Clark, pp. 15–30,
4184:
4059:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 3–25.
2319:
1138:, where a man has multiple simultaneous wives
877:
10567:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
9906:"Half a good man is better than none at all"
9534:
9182:"New Jewish group wants to restore polygamy"
7922:
7851:
7232:
7111:
6714:
6205:
6115:
5927:
5535:
5306:. Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin Books. p.
5204:
4876:The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World
4651:
4553:
4377:
4305:(1). The Arctic Institute of North America.
4268:Beckerman, Stephen; Valentine, Paul (2002).
4090:
4088:
2363:. Polygamy was made illegal in the state of
2016:
1962:is total and therefore unique and exclusive.
1422:
1164:
9812:
9810:
8855:
8828:
8798:
8768:
8722:
8525:
8048:. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. p.
7391:Times and Seasons, vol. 5, p. 423
7155:
6624:"Monogamy: God's Creational Marriage Ideal"
6544:
6352:
6087:
5674:
5096:
4524:
4522:
3420:Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
2359:in 1850 to quash Mormon polygamy rumors in
1661:tolerated, but subordinate, marital model.
1268:than on any other continent, especially in
815:Matrilineal / matrilocal societies
94:Learn how and when to remove these messages
11808:
11794:
11575:
11561:
10921:
10907:
9655:"Equality of Rights Between Men and Women"
9473:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
9369:Polygamy's Practice Stirs Debate in Israel
8971:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
8902:
8900:
8811:The Dead Sea Scrolls and the New Testament
8564:
7965:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
7636:. Mormonfundamentalism.com. Archived from
7300:
7130:
6590:
6321:
5706:
5439:
5175:
5173:
5171:
5169:
4389:"Bateman's principles and human sex roles"
4346:
4344:
4342:
4340:
4338:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4330:
3858:
2765:at the same time under any circumstances.
2468:waned, as did opposition to statehood for
2326:
2312:
1342:Polygynous marriages fall into two types:
978:is not illegal, leading to a situation of
884:
870:
10794:
10337:"Legalize Polygamy! No. I am not kidding"
9154:
8478:
8183:. Indiana University Press. p. 153.
8008:
8006:
7878:
7259:
6734:. Bohn's Standard Library. Translated by
6513:
6237:
6157:
6139:
5951:
5808:
5373:
5340:
5262:
5252:
5059:"Polygyny, Economy and the Role of Women"
5003:
4847:. Oxford University Press. Archived from
4745:
4595:
4577:
4428:
4368:
4310:
4085:
3377:Legality of polygamy in the United States
3334:Bigamy is illegal in the United Kingdom.
3146:, writing about Zoroastrian communities.
2547:, having its origins in the teachings of
1586:Scientific and prehistorical perspectives
1409:
1346:, in which the co-wives are sisters, and
1131:Polygamy exists in three specific forms:
187:Learn how and when to remove this message
10679:
10430:"Polygamy laws expose our own hypocrisy"
10102:
9932:reporter, Daily Express (31 July 2012).
9931:
9807:
8985:
8693:. Oxford University Press. p. 339.
8571:The Jerusalem Bible: The Holy Scriptures
8122:
7721:"A Law Prohibiting Polygamy is Weakened"
7717:
7503:"Free Exercise Clause – First Amendment"
6720:
5440:Levine, Nancy E.; Silk, Joan B. (1997).
5376:"Pahari and Tibetan Polyandry Revisited"
4741:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4732:
4730:
4728:
4528:
4519:
4458:
4456:
4113:
4111:
4050:
3985:
3354:
3180: Polygamy is legal only for Muslims
3170:
2534:
1930:– master-servant (in older translation:
1882:
1394:(1644–1912). This constitutes a form of
1380:
1320:
1182:
10832:(2nd ed.). Utah: Signature Books.
10717:
9999:
9459:Sanjana, Darab Datsur Peshotan (1982).
9458:
9246:The American Journal of Comparative Law
9243:
8897:
8814:. Fortress Press. pp. 4, 100–101.
8659:God and Sex: What the Bible Really Says
8649:
8535:God and Sex: What the Bible Really Says
8472:
8363:
8149:
8101:
8099:
7857:
7685:
7238:
7101:. Gudina Tumsa Foundation. p. 350.
7096:
6550:
6510:, 7 March 2007. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
6450:. New York: Routledge. pp. 42–45.
6358:
5783:Anderson, M. J.; Dixson, A. F. (2002).
5639:
5621:Discourse Theory and Practice: A Reader
5429:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
5219:
5179:
5166:
5025:
5023:
4327:
4292:
4235:
3975:from the original on 25 September 2015.
966:sense, applied regardless of whether a
47:Animal sexual behaviour § Polygamy
45:For polygamy in non-human animals, see
14:
12744:
11815:
10846:
10549:from the original on 16 September 2018
10334:
9713:"Report of the Human Rights Committee"
9278:
9179:
9129:
9059:
8882:
8861:
8834:
8807:
8774:
8731:
8655:
8531:
8479:Reference, Marshall Cavendish (2010).
8222:
8176:
8003:
7835:
7483:GOP Convention of 1856 in Philadelphia
7164:
7136:
6864:
6621:
6495:Fox, Martin and O'Ciarrai, Breandan. "
6445:
6327:
6045:
5751:
5541:
5424:
5234:
5139:
5029:
4951:from the original on 18 September 2019
4938:
4872:"Law. Legal Thought and Jurisprudence"
4869:
4626:
4496:
4494:
4014:
2574:
2385:criticized Smith for plural marriage.
11789:
11556:
10902:
10759:Polygamy, Bigamy and Human Rights Law
10752:. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
10667:from the original on 24 November 2022
10641:from the original on 24 November 2022
10589:from the original on 24 November 2022
10394:
10367:
10304:
10071:from the original on 15 November 2020
9970:from the original on 5 September 2017
9940:from the original on 24 February 2016
9934:"Polygamous marriage not legal in UK"
9395:
9192:from the original on 6 September 2021
9167:from the original on 6 September 2021
9142:from the original on 6 September 2021
8617:from the original on 6 September 2021
8513:from the original on 15 February 2008
8261:from the original on 12 November 2020
8105:
7779:
7752:
7658:
7560:
7438:
7419:from the original on 23 December 2009
7306:
7030:, p. 195, Ignatius Press, 1985,
6731:The Life of Luther Written by Himself
6630:from the original on 29 November 2021
6563:from the original on 25 December 2020
6519:
6470:
6420:
6330:"Buddhist Sexual Ethics: Main Issues"
6292:, Shundō Tachibana, Routledge, 1992,
6180:
5985:Perspectives on Psychological Science
5658:(London: A&C Black, 2004), 1205.
5572:
5506:
5500:
5346:
5180:Zeitzen, Miriam Koktvedgaard (2008).
5121:from the original on 3 September 2019
5056:
5030:Kramer, Stephanie (7 December 2020).
4838:
4753:"British & World English: sharia"
4736:
4725:
4462:
4453:
4158:The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary
4108:
4015:Kramer, Stephanie (7 December 2020).
3913:"A Survey of Non‑Classical Polyandry"
3848:from the original on 1 February 2016.
3753:
3716:List of people with the most children
3237:United Nations Human Rights Committee
1983:
10685:
10325:by Wendy McElroy at wendymcelroy.com
10286:from the original on 27 January 2022
10254:from the original on 27 January 2022
10192:from the original on 21 January 2022
10160:from the original on 27 January 2022
10041:from the original on 27 January 2022
9824:from the original on 9 November 2020
9725:from the original on 2 November 2021
9593:from the original on 30 January 2022
9563:from the original on 5 February 2021
9487:
9309:
8938:
8150:Barnett, Lionel D. (30 April 1999).
8096:
7761:from the original on 12 January 2014
7734:from the original on 12 January 2014
7718:Schwartz, John (14 September 2013).
7460:from the original on 29 October 2013
7372:from the original on 13 October 2018
7165:Draper, Jonathan A. (1 April 2003).
6823:
6328:Berzin, Alexander (7 October 2010).
5611:(Cardiff: Accent Press, 2017), 107.
5142:"African polygamy: past and present"
5020:
4941:"African polygamy: Past and present"
4293:Hennigh, Lawrence (1 January 1970).
4138:Britannica World Language Dictionary
4130:
3872:
3780:from the original on 1 February 2016
3414:despite the religious objections of
3294:marriages are not recognized in the
3239:reported that polygamy violates the
3230:
3046:'s ban since the 11th century. Some
2802:are less likely to commit injustice.
1690:
1635:Religious attitudes towards polygamy
1337:
1109:
827:Sex and Repression in Savage Society
140:
100:
59:
10222:from the original on 27 August 2021
9989:James Plaskitt (20 February 2008).
9818:"Canadian polygamists found guilty"
9718:. United Nations General Assembly.
9440:from the original on 24 August 2011
8391:Maike Voorhoeve (31 January 2013).
8084:from the original on 4 January 2015
7634:"An 1886 Revelation to John Taylor"
6805:from the original on 31 August 2005
6551:Mamdani, Zehra (28 February 2008).
5587:10.1111/j.1469-8676.2009.00088_20.x
5406:from the original on 26 August 2021
5297:
5198:
5182:Polygamy: A Cross-Cultural Analysis
4972:"The puzzle of monogamous marriage"
4801:
4500:
4491:
4017:"Polygamy is rare around the world"
3838:Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek
2064:Origin of Latter Day Saint polygamy
1667:was legally recognized until 1935.
24:
10583:"Angka Poligami dari Masa ke Masa"
9763:"United Nations Treaty Collection"
9516:from the original on 15 April 2022
9408:from the original on 4 August 2011
9028:
8485:. Marshall Cavendish. p. 35.
7805:from the original on 6 August 2017
7539:from the original on 29 April 2006
7008:from the original on 14 April 2019
6761:Essays, Historical and Theological
6309:An introduction to Buddhist ethics
6271:from the original on 18 March 2022
6069:from the original on 27 March 2023
4771:
3986:Golomski, Casey (6 January 2016).
3759:
3019:were known to have several wives.
2676:means cleaning knowledge, one only
2225:Late Corp. of the LDS Church v. US
1966:
1518:
1464:was traditionally practiced among
1028:Biological and social distinctions
836:Social Bonding and Nurture Kinship
25:
12778:
10871:
10537:Judge, JUDITH E. LEVY, District.
10536:
10401:Journal of Law and Family Studies
10335:Keenan, Jillian (15 April 2013).
10130:from the original on 4 March 2017
9904:Mira Katbamna (26 October 2009).
9693:from the original on 7 March 2022
9661:from the original on 2 April 2022
9611:
9396:Navon, Emmanuel (16 March 2006).
9291:from the original on 27 July 2021
9110:from the original on 7 April 2022
9080:from the original on 4 April 2023
8752:from the original on 5 April 2023
8707:from the original on 4 April 2023
8460:from the original on 24 June 2017
8319:from the original on 28 July 2020
7943:from the original on 28 July 2020
7699:from the original on 6 March 2016
7509:from the original on 28 June 2011
7201:from the original on 28 July 2020
7137:Mlenga, Moses (13 January 2016).
7048:Morality: The Case for Polygamy",
6532:from the original on 4 April 2018
6520:Nyami, Faith (11 February 2018).
6448:Medieval Ireland: An encyclopedia
6425:. Oxford: Mandrake. p. 192.
6193:from the original on 22 June 2023
6027:from the original on 28 June 2023
5764:from the original on 28 June 2023
5733:from the original on 28 June 2023
5279:from the original on 27 July 2021
5235:Baloyi, Elijah M. (August 2013).
5038:from the original on 7 April 2022
4939:Fenske, James (9 November 2013).
4920:from the original on 4 April 2023
4639:from the original on 30 June 2023
4627:Sample, Ian (24 September 2014).
4393:Trends in Ecology & Evolution
4187:Trends in Ecology & Evolution
4118:Sheff, Elisabeth (22 July 2014).
4029:from the original on 7 April 2022
3996:from the original on 28 July 2020
3890:derived from George P. Murdock's
3329:
3315:in and of itself is not a crime.
3268:Supreme Court of British Columbia
3100:
3050:Jewish communities (particularly
2460:issued a public declaration (the
2092:Late-19th century Mormon polygamy
1556:
327:Parallel / cross cousins
75:This article has multiple issues.
12724:
12723:
11248:Hong Kong (performed until 1971)
10653:
10627:
10601:
10575:
10530:
10518:from the original on 10 May 2019
10499:
10487:from the original on 10 May 2019
10469:
10423:
10411:from the original on 11 May 2021
10388:
10361:
10349:from the original on 10 May 2019
10328:
10298:
10266:
10234:
10204:
10172:
10142:
10083:
10053:
10027:
10016:. 6 January 2016. Archived from
9982:
9952:
9925:
9897:
9880:
9858:
9836:
9795:from the original on 13 May 2013
9781:
9755:
9737:
9705:
9673:
9647:
9622:
9605:
9575:
9528:
9481:
9452:
9420:
9389:
9359:
9334:
9303:
9281:"Israel 2008: State of Polygamy"
9279:Eglash, Ruth (30 October 2008).
9272:
9237:
9232:Penal Law Amendment (Bigamy) Law
9225:
9206:
9122:
9092:
9053:
9041:from the original on 15 May 2021
9022:
8979:
8932:
8916:
8680:
8656:Coogan, Michael (October 2010).
8629:
8599:
8580:
8532:Coogan, Michael (October 2010).
8499:
8442:
8415:
8384:
8357:
8331:
8305:
8289:
8273:
8216:
8197:
8170:
8143:
8116:
8066:
8033:
7973:
7829:
7817:
7773:
7753:Mears, Bill (14 December 2013).
7746:
7711:
7652:
7626:
7607:
7521:
7495:
7476:
7432:
7403:
7384:
7223:
7213:
7183:
7099:The Ministry of the Whole Person
7090:
7071:
7040:
7020:
6994:
6979:
6965:
6622:Wilber, David (26 August 2021).
5488:from the original on 30 May 2023
4713:from the original on 28 May 2023
4501:Low, Bobbi S. (4 January 2015).
4073:from the original on 3 June 2016
3642:Latter Day Saint movement portal
3634:
3620:
3606:
3592:
3578:
3350:
3283:This section is an excerpt from
3119:. However, tradition holds that
2456:. In 1890, LDS Church president
2295:
2031:
1894:Catechism of the Catholic Church
221:
145:
105:
64:
27:Marriage to more than one spouse
10853:Sociobiology: The New Synthesis
10711:
10693:. Verlag Ulstein. p. 686.
9992:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
8943:. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon.
8868:. Wm. B. Eerdmans. p. 45.
7659:Adams, Brooke (9 August 2005).
7565:. In Powell, Allan Kent (ed.).
7141:. Mzuni Press. pp. 41–42.
7078:Catholic Cathechism, para. 2387
6951:
6937:
6915:
6893:
6858:
6844:
6817:
6787:
6770:
6750:
6698:
6675:
6664:
6653:
6642:
6615:
6604:
6575:
6489:
6464:
6439:
6414:
6174:
6081:
5968:
5876:
5833:
5776:
5745:
5693:
5668:
5648:
5633:
5601:
5566:
5433:
5418:
5367:
5314:
5291:
5228:
5213:
5140:Fenske, James (November 2012).
5133:
5050:
4963:
4932:
4894:
4863:
4843:. In Emad El-Din Shahin (ed.).
4832:
4789:from the original on 3 May 2020
4620:
4286:
4272:. University Press of Florida.
4261:
4229:
4178:
3545:Nazi plans for post-war Germany
3160:
3132:the smallness of their families
2664:means warrior knowledge, three;
1723:
1264:Polygyny is more widespread in
83:or discuss these issues on the
12706:Marriage in pre-Islamic Arabia
10878:History of Polygamy in Judaism
8364:Nurmila, Nina (10 June 2009).
8300:Mohammed and the Rise of Islam
7981:"Joseph Smith Fought Polygamy"
7839:(September 1943). "Factions".
7169:. A&C Black. p. 304.
6824:Ugwu, Kelvin (28 April 2022).
6181:Booth, Hannah (1 April 2017).
5754:"Monogamy and Human Evolution"
5752:Zimmer, Carl (2 August 2013).
5675:Constantine, Larry L. (1974).
5623:(London: Sage, 2001), 123–27.
4814:The Oxford Dictionary of Islam
4808:John L. Esposito, ed. (2014).
4505:. Princeton University Press.
4008:
3979:
3868:(in Greek). Lexicology Centre.
3852:
3826:
3792:
3729:
3537:The wife cannot bear children.
3435:American Civil Liberties Union
3256:Canadian Department of Justice
2670:means business knowledge, two;
2434:, however, the unanimous 1878
1647:does not regard marriage as a
1430:
1106:upon the death of the partner"
49:. For polygamy in plants, see
13:
1:
12315:Ghost marriage in South Sudan
10883:"LIFE with Polygamists", 1944
10099:, 16 July 1999 press release.
8835:Murphy, Catherine M. (2002).
8315:. IslamWeb. 7 February 2002.
8177:Larson, Gerald James (2001).
7661:"LDS splinter groups growing"
7087:5 April 2009, Vatican website
6931:On Marriage and Concupiscence
6909:On Marriage and Concupiscence
6852:On Marriage and Concupiscence
6828:. Pen Shuttle. Archived from
6726:"Chapter III: 1536–1545"
5548:. Ballantine Books. pp.
5374:Goldstein, Melvyn C. (1978).
5115:10.1525/aa.1988.90.4.02a00060
4874:. In John L. Esposito (ed.).
4175:in Merriam-Webster Dictionary
4120:"Seven Forms of Non-Monogamy"
3842:Center for the Greek Language
3746:
3463:In an October 2004 op-ed for
2755:Islamic marital jurisprudence
2262:Freedom of religion in the US
1757:, Jesus recalled the earlier
469:Household forms and residence
51:Plant reproductive morphology
11775:Terminology within polyamory
11527:Marriage practice by country
10481:Justia Dockets & Filings
8781:Post-Biblical Jewish Studies
8509:. BBC News. 15 August 2001.
8223:Çiğdem, Recep (March 2015).
8126:The world wakes up to Islam!
7415:. Main Street Church. 2007.
7412:Lifting the Veil of Polygamy
7050:Time Magazine, 10 May 1968,
6141:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008293
6094:. Rowman & Littlefield.
5071:10.1017/CBO9780511621697.014
4270:Cultures of Multiple Fathers
4246:10.5040/9781350042162.ch-001
4193:(11). Elsevier BV: 600–606.
4053:"Monogamy: past and present"
4051:Reichard, Ulrich H. (2003).
3681:List of polygamy court cases
3518:
3471:George Washington University
3418:'s largest denomination the
2853:was monogamously married to
2302:Latter Day Saints portal
2242:List of polygamy court cases
1750:allows or forbids polygamy.
1418:
1272:, and some scholars see the
1172:
909:
534:Classificatory terminologies
7:
10757:Chapman, Samuel A. (2001).
9538:A history of Zoroastrianism
9157:"Polygamous cult uncovered"
9066:. BRILL. pp. 139–157.
8939:Bell, Dean Phillip (2019).
8428:. World Bank Publications.
8244:10.1556/AOrient.68.2015.1.4
8106:Singh, Madan Mohan (1967).
4399:(6). Elsevier BV: 297–304.
3880:Ethnographic Atlas Codebook
3767:Online Etymology Dictionary
3571:
3081:Late Sephardic chief rabbi
2735:was enacted in 1955 by the
2600:
2565:Latter Day Church of Christ
1639:
1593:Ethnographic Atlas Codebook
1154:
989:Ethnographic Atlas Codebook
10:
12783:
11583:Close plural relationships
10830:Mormon Polygamy: A History
9820:. BBC News. 25 July 2017.
8808:Brooke, George J. (2005).
8732:Karras, Ruth Mazo (2012).
7505:. Caselaw.lp.findlaw.com.
6879:10.1177/002096430606000203
6473:A brief history of Ireland
6212:Keinan A, Reich D (2010).
4413:10.1016/j.tree.2009.02.005
4207:10.1016/j.tree.2014.09.001
3865:Dictionary of Modern Greek
3862:(2002). "s.v. πολυγαμία".
3800:
3380:
3374:
3282:
3210: Legal status unknown
3164:
3104:
2987:show that several smaller
2952:
2948:
2746:
2432:United States Constitution
2343:
2337:
2038:A Mormon "Saint" and Wives
1976:received the sacrament of
1727:
1560:
1434:
1176:
1158:
1070:biological anthropologists
904:
118:about polygamy in history.
44:
29:
12719:
12688:
12668:
12605:
12552:
12500:
12477:
12425:
12385:
12339:
12280:
12271:
12228:
12166:
12140:
11932:
11823:
11747:
11685:
11672:Polygamy in North America
11654:
11588:
11492:
11324:
11223:
11184:
11151:
10946:
10937:
10780:. New York: Orbis Books.
10746:Cairncross, John (1974).
10477:"Carrick v. Snyder et al"
10466:. Published: 5 June 2006.
10458:17 September 2015 at the
9463:. Bombay. pp. 40–43.
9155:Rosenberg, David (2016).
9000:10.1017/s0021223700005355
8438:– via Google Books.
8380:– via Google Books.
7567:Utah History Encyclopedia
7561:Embry, Jessie L. (1994).
7116:. ABC-CLIO. p. 188.
7083:10 September 2002 at the
6776:Letter to the Chancellor
6705:Letter to Philip of Hesse
4691:10.1007/s00239-003-2458-x
4236:Schacht, Ryan N. (2013),
4004:– via ResearchGate.
3929:10.1007/s12110-012-9144-x
3737:Conflict of marriage laws
3671:Conflict of marriage laws
3553:, there was an effort by
3410:Reynolds v. United States
3277:
3249:
3042:have continued to follow
2611:mentions that during the
2557:Apostolic United Brethren
2441:Reynolds v. United States
2282:Polygamy in North America
2136:Current state of polygamy
2096:Mormon colonies in Mexico
2017:Latter Day Saint movement
1973:Lutheran World Federation
1823:"The Confessional Advice"
1671:was outlawed in 2015. In
1197:Muslim-majority countries
956:In contrast to polygamy,
53:. For the racehorse, see
11667:Polygamy in Christianity
10776:Hillman, Eugene (1975).
10453:"Polygamy vs. Democracy"
10395:Slark, Samantha (2004).
10061:"Official Declaration 1"
10014:House of Commons Library
9960:"Get a divorce – GOV.UK"
8862:Loader, William (2009).
8296:David Samuel Margoliouth
8209:1 September 2005 at the
7985:restorationbookstore.org
7571:University of Utah Press
7569:. Salt Lake City, Utah:
6764:1:403–404 Excerpts from
6502:31 December 2014 at the
6364:"The Judicial Framework"
5997:10.1177/1745691614561683
5063:The Character of Kinship
4156:; The same text repeats
3886:18 November 2012 at the
3722:
3676:Legal status of polygamy
3167:Legal status of polygamy
3115:that favors polygamy or
3068:Jews from Arab countries
2768:Based on verse 30:21 of
2742:
2278:Polygamy in Christianity
2266:Legal status of polygamy
1730:Polygamy in Christianity
1456:
1400:polygyny referred to as
1179:Legal status of polygamy
1126:
30:Not to be confused with
11765:New relationship energy
10826:Van Wagoner, Richard S.
10095:18 October 2009 at the
10065:churchofjesuschrist.org
9892:Offences Code of Russia
9888:Criminal Code of Russia
8482:Modern Muslim societies
8123:Siddiqui, Moid (2009).
7937:Encyclopædia Britannica
7488:10 October 2007 at the
7195:ChurchofJesusChrist.org
7097:Deressa, Yonas (1973).
6988:On the Good of Marriage
6973:On the Good of Marriage
6959:On the Good of Marriage
6945:On the Good of Marriage
6924:On the Good of Marriage
6902:On the Good of Marriage
6471:State, Paul F. (2009).
6267:. Accesstoinsight.org.
5701:Atlas of World Cultures
5103:American Anthropologist
4870:Calder, Norman (2009).
4839:Vikør, Knut S. (2014).
4531:SSRN Electronic Journal
4370:10.3389/fevo.2019.00230
3816:A Greek–English Lexicon
3513:Equal Protection Clause
3429:On 13 December 2013, a
3186: Polygamy is legal
2959:Polygyny § Judaism
2424:Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act
2174:Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act
1891:condemns polygamy; the
1489:Non-fraternal polyandry
1255:and is contrasted with
12303:Chinese ghost marriage
9630:"Ammianus Marcellinus"
9180:Mandel, Jonah (2011).
9130:Sedley, David (2016).
9035:Jewish Women's Archive
8841:. Brill. p. 380.
8592:3 October 2006 at the
6290:The Ethics of Buddhism
5542:Fisher, Helen (2000).
5425:Levine, Nancy (1998).
4988:10.1098/rstb.2011.0290
4579:10.1186/2041-2223-5-13
4566:Investigative Genetics
3586:Human sexuality portal
3499:
3452:and advocates such as
3450:Individualist feminism
3383:Mormonism and polygamy
3372:
3227:
3158:
3140:
2978:second century CE
2899:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2848:
2815:
2790:
2678:
2353:Doctrine and Covenants
2340:Mormonism and polygamy
2088:Wives of Brigham Young
2040:by Charles Weitfle (c.
2025:Mormonism and polygamy
2014:
1964:
1815:Protestant Reformation
1798:
1792:1 Timothy 3:2 states:
1790:
1764:However, some look to
1451:impartible inheritance
1427:
1410:Household organization
1386:
1330:
1319:
1192:
1169:
844:"The Traffic in Women"
677:Coming of Age in Samoa
156:is missing information
116:is missing information
12767:Religion and politics
11770:Primary and secondary
11709:List of practitioners
10321:6 August 2020 at the
10115:The Salt Lake Tribune
9634:penelope.uchicago.edu
9535:Boyce, Mary. (1996).
9341:"Victims of polygamy"
9312:"Victims of polygamy"
9213:Judaism and Polygamy:
8784:. Brill. p. 76.
8596:from mechon-mamre.org
7932:"Community of Christ"
7790:The Salt Lake Tribune
7781:Stack, Peggy Fletcher
7666:The Salt Lake Tribune
7449:Journal of Discourses
7396:7 August 2007 at the
6711:-Seidemann, 6:238–244
6265:"Accesstoinsight.org"
6230:10.1093/molbev/msq117
6055:. Scarborough House.
5953:10.1093/molbev/msh214
5640:Simpson, Bob (1998).
5347:Stone, Linda (2006).
3807:Liddell, Henry George
3494:
3424:fundamentalist Mormon
3387:Mormon fundamentalism
3375:Further information:
3358:
3311:polygamy or multiple
3300:Family Code of Russia
3174:
3148:
3129:
3035:different countries.
2832:
2799:
2774:
2763:more than one husband
2691:Paraskara Grihyasutra
2652:
2585:Joseph Smith III
2561:Centennial Park group
2545:Mormon fundamentalism
2535:Mormon fundamentalism
2510:The Salt Lake Tribune
2497:Mormon fundamentalist
2466:Anti-Mormon sentiment
2270:List of practitioners
2128:Centennial Park group
2119:Mormon fundamentalism
2060:Wives of Joseph Smith
1998:
1959:
1883:Roman Catholic Church
1794:
1785:
1426:
1384:
1324:
1314:
1293:shifting horticulture
1186:
1168:
1074:behavioral ecologists
860:Cultural anthropology
820:Feminist anthropology
612:Australian Aboriginal
11646:Relationship anarchy
11539:Regions governed by
11215:(2008; welfare only)
10637:. 15 November 2021.
10435:23 June 2021 at the
10370:Family Law Quarterly
10118:. 13 December 2013.
10023:on 13 November 2018.
9615:The Letter of Tansar
9488:West, M. L. (2010).
9161:Israel National News
9060:Lamdān, Rût (2000).
8642:28 July 2020 at the
8587:Deuteronomy 21:15–17
8153:Antiquities of India
7783:(14 December 2013).
7640:on 21 September 2011
7619:19 July 2007 at the
7004:. 11 November 1563.
6799:biblicalpolygamy.com
6757:James Bowling Mozley
6740:George Bell and Sons
6707:, 10 December 1539,
5719:Current Anthropology
5446:Current Anthropology
5302:Kinship and Marriage
5154:on 22 September 2017
5057:Goody, Jack (1974).
4737:Goody, Jack (1976).
4539:10.2139/ssrn.1214729
3860:Babiniotis, Georgios
3405:Constitution of Utah
3369:Constitution of Utah
3155:Ammianus Marcellinus
3144:Ammianus Marcellinus
1703:wavered between it,
1665:Polygamy in Thailand
1567:Group marriage is a
1493:Nayar tribe of India
1219:forming part of the
751:Bronisław Malinowski
12544:Royal intermarriage
12246:Mystery of Crowning
11655:History and culture
11522:Polygamy by country
10930:Polygamous marriage
10856:. Harvard Univ Pr.
10615:on 24 November 2022
10464:The Weekly Standard
10439:. Jonathan Turley,
9589:. 24 January 2012.
9346:5 July 2021 at the
9218:12 May 2008 at the
9106:. 7 December 2020.
9104:Pew Research Center
8906:Babylonian Talmud,
8607:"Deuteronomy 17:17"
8345:on 14 December 2013
8284:Dictionary of Islam
7991:on 18 February 2015
7954:practices of Smith.
7681:on 13 January 2014.
6780:, 13 January 1524,
6421:Fries, Jan (2003).
5897:1981Natur.293...55H
5801:2002Natur.416..496A
5575:Social Anthropology
5298:Fox, Robin (1967).
4683:2003JMolE..57...85D
4405:2009TEcoE..24..297B
4312:10.14430/arctic3151
4199:2014TEcoE..29..600K
4022:Pew Research Center
3091:Bar-Ilan University
3017:Abraham David Taroç
3007:, was the synod of
2594:Community of Christ
2581:Community of Christ
2575:Community of Christ
2555:(FLDS Church), the
2367:during the 1839–44
2104:Reed Smoot hearings
1768:'s writings to the
1695:Some pre-Christian
1669:Polygamy in Myanmar
1462:Fraternal polyandry
1366:for an extra wife.
856:Social anthropology
746:Claude Lévi-Strauss
529:Kinship terminology
352:Joking relationship
347:Posthumous marriage
12410:Marriage allowance
12040:Widow conservation
11817:Types of marriages
11729:Placement marriage
11714:Celestial marriage
10808:Edwin Mellen Press
10804:Lewiston, New York
10802:(First ed.).
10307:Arts & Opinion
10185:The New York Times
9402:The Jerusalem Post
9285:The Jerusalem Post
9186:The Jerusalem Post
8403:on 23 January 2015
8397:Think Africa Press
8204:Marriages-Divorces
7727:The New York Times
6611:1 Corinthians 6:16
6508:Tuath na Ciarraide
6369:Women of the Celts
6340:on 30 January 2016
5979:(1 January 2015).
5758:The New York Times
5699:Murdock GP (1981)
5350:Kinship and Gender
4785:. 20 August 2019.
4759:on 8 December 2015
4171:2015-06-23 at the
4136:Cf. "Monogamy" in
4101:2018-07-13 at the
3892:Ethnographic Atlas
3706:Types of marriages
3460:situation arises.
3373:
3341:ground for divorce
3296:Russian Federation
3285:Polygamy in Russia
3228:
2759:more than one wife
2733:Hindu Marriage Act
2541:Council of Friends
2361:Liverpool, England
2284: •
2280: •
2276: •
2272: •
2268: •
2264: •
2260: •
2258:Celestial marriage
2240: •
2234: •
2228: •
2222: •
2216: •
2210: •
2204: •
2186:Edmunds–Tucker Act
2184: •
2180: •
2176: •
2158: •
2154: •
2150: •
2146: •
2142: •
2138: •
2134: •
2132:Council of Friends
2130: •
2126: •
2106: •
2102: •
2098: •
2094: •
2090: •
2086: •
2066: •
2062: •
2058: •
1994:Anglican Communion
1990:Lambeth Conference
1984:Anglican Communion
1853:Sub-Saharan Africa
1681:Polyandry in Tibet
1482:partible paternity
1428:
1387:
1331:
1301:plough-agriculture
1289:Ethnographic Atlas
1278:sub-Saharan Africa
1193:
1191:and favorite wives
1170:
1096:classical monogamy
945:, researchers use
786:David M. Schneider
632:Polyandry in Tibet
12739:
12738:
12473:
12472:
12460:Mixed-orientation
12310:Widow inheritance
11989:Marriage in Islam
11979:Clerical marriage
11783:
11782:
11677:Polygyny in Islam
11662:Combined marriage
11611:Open relationship
11550:
11549:
11241:Equatorial Guinea
11180:
11179:
10863:978-0-674-00235-7
10839:978-0-941214-79-7
10817:978-0-7734-6310-3
10796:Korotayev, Andrey
10787:978-0-88344-391-0
10768:978-1-4010-1244-1
10156:. 11 April 2016.
10037:. 29 March 2020.
9587:iranicaonline.org
9501:978-1-84885-505-2
9310:Aburabia, Sarab.
9136:timesofisrael.com
9073:978-90-04-11747-1
8988:Israel Law Review
8950:978-0-429-45892-7
8889:Babylonian Talmud
8875:978-0-8028-6391-1
8821:978-1-4514-0844-7
8745:978-0-8122-0641-8
8700:978-0-19-514917-3
8673:978-0-446-54525-9
8549:978-0-446-54525-9
8492:978-0-7614-7927-7
8112:. pp. 39–40.
7961:cite encyclopedia
7859:Launius, Roger D.
7837:Musser, Joseph W.
7400:, 1 February 1844
6600:1 Corinthians 7:4
6383:978-0-89281-150-2
6317:978-0-521-55640-8
6298:978-0-7007-0230-5
6101:978-1-882289-33-2
6062:978-0-8128-6286-7
5854:10.1159/000064784
5679:. Collier Books.
5559:978-0-449-91260-7
5191:978-1-84520-220-0
4982:(1589): 657–669.
4512:978-0-691-16388-8
4357:Front. Ecol. Evol
4066:978-0-521-52577-0
3760:Harper, Douglas.
3504:Carrick v. Snyder
3433:, spurred by the
3231:International law
2863:marriage contract
2749:Polygyny in Islam
2737:Indian Parliament
2638:According to the
2336:
2335:
2170:Antipolygamy laws
2079:Latter-day Saints
1916:quae principantur
1691:Celtic traditions
1651:; it is purely a
1371:levirate marriage
1338:Types of polygyny
1189:Manga Ndumbe Bell
1086:social scientists
974:is illegal), but
894:
893:
791:Marilyn Strathern
771:Stephen O. Murray
685:
684:
592:
591:
510:
509:
464:
463:
197:
196:
189:
179:
178:
139:
138:
98:
16:(Redirected from
12774:
12727:
12726:
12701:Mail-order bride
12278:
12277:
12148:Marriageable age
11962:Eastern Orthodox
11810:
11803:
11796:
11787:
11786:
11724:Spiritual wifery
11577:
11570:
11563:
11554:
11553:
11543:
11535:
11224:Recognized under
11216:
11208:
11200:
10944:
10943:
10923:
10916:
10909:
10900:
10899:
10867:
10843:
10821:
10791:
10772:
10761:. Xlibris Corp.
10753:
10742:
10705:
10704:
10687:Fest, Joachim C.
10683:
10677:
10676:
10674:
10672:
10657:
10651:
10650:
10648:
10646:
10631:
10625:
10624:
10622:
10620:
10611:. Archived from
10605:
10599:
10598:
10596:
10594:
10585:. 25 June 2019.
10579:
10573:
10572:
10566:
10558:
10556:
10554:
10534:
10528:
10527:
10525:
10523:
10512:The Detroit News
10503:
10497:
10496:
10494:
10492:
10473:
10467:
10450:
10444:
10427:
10421:
10420:
10418:
10416:
10392:
10386:
10385:
10365:
10359:
10358:
10356:
10354:
10332:
10326:
10314:
10302:
10296:
10295:
10293:
10291:
10270:
10264:
10263:
10261:
10259:
10250:. 12 July 2011.
10238:
10232:
10231:
10229:
10227:
10208:
10202:
10201:
10199:
10197:
10176:
10170:
10169:
10167:
10165:
10146:
10140:
10139:
10137:
10135:
10106:
10100:
10087:
10081:
10080:
10078:
10076:
10057:
10051:
10050:
10048:
10046:
10031:
10025:
10024:
10022:
10011:
10003:
9997:
9996:
9986:
9980:
9979:
9977:
9975:
9956:
9950:
9949:
9947:
9945:
9929:
9923:
9922:
9920:
9918:
9901:
9895:
9884:
9878:
9877:
9875:
9873:
9862:
9856:
9855:
9853:
9851:
9840:
9834:
9833:
9831:
9829:
9814:
9805:
9804:
9802:
9800:
9785:
9779:
9778:
9776:
9774:
9765:. Archived from
9759:
9753:
9752:
9751:on 30 June 2013.
9741:
9735:
9734:
9732:
9730:
9724:
9717:
9709:
9703:
9702:
9700:
9698:
9692:
9685:
9677:
9671:
9670:
9668:
9666:
9651:
9645:
9644:
9642:
9640:
9626:
9620:
9619:
9609:
9603:
9602:
9600:
9598:
9579:
9573:
9572:
9570:
9568:
9532:
9526:
9525:
9523:
9521:
9485:
9479:
9478:
9472:
9464:
9456:
9450:
9449:
9447:
9445:
9439:
9432:
9424:
9418:
9417:
9415:
9413:
9393:
9387:
9386:
9384:
9382:
9377:on 14 April 2008
9373:. Archived from
9363:
9357:
9338:
9332:
9331:
9329:
9327:
9318:. Archived from
9307:
9301:
9300:
9298:
9296:
9276:
9270:
9269:
9241:
9235:
9229:
9223:
9210:
9204:
9201:
9199:
9197:
9176:
9174:
9172:
9151:
9149:
9147:
9126:
9120:
9119:
9117:
9115:
9096:
9090:
9089:
9087:
9085:
9057:
9051:
9050:
9048:
9046:
9026:
9020:
9019:
8983:
8977:
8976:
8970:
8962:
8936:
8930:
8923:Avraham Grossman
8920:
8914:
8904:
8895:
8886:
8880:
8879:
8859:
8853:
8852:
8832:
8826:
8825:
8805:
8796:
8795:
8772:
8766:
8765:
8759:
8757:
8729:
8720:
8719:
8714:
8712:
8684:
8678:
8677:
8653:
8647:
8633:
8627:
8626:
8624:
8622:
8603:
8597:
8584:
8578:
8568:
8562:
8561:
8529:
8523:
8522:
8520:
8518:
8503:
8497:
8496:
8476:
8470:
8469:
8467:
8465:
8446:
8440:
8439:
8419:
8413:
8412:
8410:
8408:
8399:. Archived from
8388:
8382:
8381:
8361:
8355:
8354:
8352:
8350:
8335:
8329:
8328:
8326:
8324:
8309:
8303:
8293:
8287:
8277:
8271:
8270:
8268:
8266:
8260:
8229:
8220:
8214:
8201:
8195:
8194:
8174:
8168:
8167:
8147:
8141:
8140:
8120:
8114:
8113:
8103:
8094:
8093:
8091:
8089:
8078:sacred-texts.com
8070:
8064:
8063:
8047:
8037:
8031:
8030:
8010:
8001:
8000:
7998:
7996:
7987:. Archived from
7977:
7971:
7970:
7964:
7956:
7950:
7948:
7934:
7926:
7920:
7919:
7882:
7880:10.2307/45228113
7855:
7849:
7848:
7833:
7827:
7821:
7815:
7814:
7812:
7810:
7777:
7771:
7770:
7768:
7766:
7750:
7744:
7743:
7741:
7739:
7723:
7715:
7709:
7708:
7706:
7704:
7689:
7683:
7682:
7677:. Archived from
7656:
7650:
7649:
7647:
7645:
7630:
7624:
7611:
7605:
7604:
7602:
7600:
7595:on 17 April 2017
7591:. Archived from
7558:
7549:
7548:
7546:
7544:
7525:
7519:
7518:
7516:
7514:
7499:
7493:
7480:
7474:
7473:
7467:
7465:
7442:(18 June 1865).
7436:
7430:
7428:
7426:
7424:
7407:
7401:
7388:
7382:
7381:
7379:
7377:
7371:
7331:10.2307/45228320
7316:
7304:
7298:
7297:
7263:
7261:10.2307/45226184
7236:
7230:
7227:
7221:
7217:
7211:
7210:
7208:
7206:
7187:
7181:
7180:
7162:
7153:
7152:
7134:
7128:
7127:
7109:
7103:
7102:
7094:
7088:
7075:
7069:
7044:
7038:
7024:
7018:
7017:
7015:
7013:
6998:
6992:
6983:
6977:
6969:
6963:
6955:
6949:
6941:
6935:
6919:
6913:
6897:
6891:
6890:
6862:
6856:
6848:
6842:
6841:
6839:
6837:
6832:on 28 April 2022
6821:
6815:
6814:
6812:
6810:
6791:
6785:
6774:
6768:
6754:
6748:
6747:
6736:Hazlitt, William
6718:
6712:
6702:
6696:
6679:
6673:
6668:
6662:
6657:
6651:
6646:
6640:
6639:
6637:
6635:
6619:
6613:
6608:
6602:
6597:
6588:
6579:
6573:
6572:
6570:
6568:
6548:
6542:
6541:
6539:
6537:
6517:
6511:
6493:
6487:
6486:
6468:
6462:
6461:
6443:
6437:
6436:
6418:
6412:
6411:
6356:
6350:
6349:
6347:
6345:
6336:. Archived from
6325:
6319:
6306:
6300:
6287:
6281:
6280:
6278:
6276:
6261:
6252:
6251:
6241:
6209:
6203:
6202:
6200:
6198:
6178:
6172:
6171:
6161:
6143:
6119:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6108:
6085:
6079:
6078:
6076:
6074:
6043:
6037:
6036:
6034:
6032:
5977:Overall, Nickola
5972:
5966:
5965:
5955:
5931:
5925:
5924:
5905:10.1038/293055a0
5880:
5874:
5873:
5837:
5831:
5830:
5812:
5780:
5774:
5773:
5771:
5769:
5749:
5743:
5742:
5740:
5738:
5710:
5704:
5697:
5691:
5690:
5672:
5666:
5652:
5646:
5645:
5637:
5631:
5605:
5599:
5598:
5570:
5564:
5563:
5539:
5533:
5532:
5504:
5498:
5497:
5495:
5493:
5437:
5431:
5430:
5422:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5411:
5371:
5365:
5364:
5344:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5333:
5318:
5312:
5311:
5305:
5295:
5289:
5288:
5286:
5284:
5266:
5256:
5232:
5226:
5225:
5217:
5211:
5210:
5202:
5196:
5195:
5184:. Oxford: Berg.
5177:
5164:
5163:
5161:
5159:
5153:
5146:
5137:
5131:
5130:
5128:
5126:
5094:
5085:
5084:
5054:
5048:
5047:
5045:
5043:
5027:
5018:
5017:
5007:
4967:
4961:
4960:
4958:
4956:
4936:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4925:
4898:
4892:
4891:
4889:
4887:
4867:
4861:
4860:
4858:
4856:
4836:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4825:
4820:on 31 March 2019
4805:
4799:
4798:
4796:
4794:
4775:
4769:
4768:
4766:
4764:
4749:
4743:
4742:
4734:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4662:
4649:
4648:
4646:
4644:
4624:
4618:
4617:
4599:
4581:
4557:
4551:
4550:
4526:
4517:
4516:
4498:
4489:
4488:
4477:10.1037/h0099346
4460:
4451:
4450:
4432:
4384:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4348:
4325:
4324:
4314:
4290:
4284:
4283:
4265:
4259:
4258:
4233:
4227:
4226:
4182:
4176:
4134:
4128:
4127:
4124:Psychology Today
4115:
4106:
4094:Low B.S. (2003)
4092:
4083:
4082:
4080:
4078:
4048:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4034:
4012:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4001:
3983:
3977:
3976:
3908:
3895:
3876:
3870:
3869:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3830:
3824:
3803:
3802:
3796:
3790:
3789:
3787:
3785:
3771:
3757:
3740:
3733:
3644:
3639:
3638:
3637:
3630:
3625:
3624:
3616:
3611:
3610:
3602:
3597:
3596:
3588:
3583:
3582:
3559:Heinrich Himmler
3490:Hudson Institute
3478:spousal abuse".
3209:
3203:
3197:
3191:
3185:
3179:
3156:
3138:
3125:letter of Tansar
3009:Rabbeinu Gershom
2985:Dead Sea Scrolls
2846:
2813:
2788:
2549:Lorin C. Woolley
2478:Second Manifesto
2458:Wilford Woodruff
2412:Republican Party
2382:Nauvoo Expositor
2377:Heber C. Kimball
2328:
2321:
2314:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2253:Related articles
2156:Short Creek raid
2068:Spiritual wifery
2043:
2035:
2021:
2020:
1872:Paul the Apostle
1861:king of Eswatini
1859:, the Christian
1802:Epistle to Titus
1775:
1748:Christian ethics
1515:tribe of China.
1509:walking marriage
1344:sororal polygyny
1055:Genetic polygamy
1037:Marital polygamy
912:
907:
906:
886:
879:
872:
804:Related articles
776:Michelle Rosaldo
605:
604:
523:
522:
391:
390:
378:
236:
235:
225:
213:Anthropology of
201:
200:
192:
185:
174:
171:
165:
149:
141:
134:
131:
125:
109:
101:
90:
68:
67:
60:
55:Polygamy (horse)
21:
12782:
12781:
12777:
12776:
12775:
12773:
12772:
12771:
12742:
12741:
12740:
12735:
12715:
12684:
12664:
12601:
12548:
12496:
12469:
12421:
12381:
12335:
12273:
12267:
12224:
12176:Sister exchange
12162:
12136:
11928:
11868:Serial monogamy
11824:Legal scenarios
11819:
11814:
11784:
11779:
11743:
11681:
11650:
11584:
11581:
11551:
11546:
11538:
11533:
11488:
11389:Iraqi Kurdistan
11326:
11325:Other countries
11320:
11225:
11219:
11214:
11206:
11198:
11188:
11186:
11176:
11147:
10939:
10933:
10927:
10874:
10864:
10840:
10818:
10788:
10769:
10739:
10714:
10709:
10708:
10701:
10684:
10680:
10670:
10668:
10663:. 7 July 2018.
10659:
10658:
10654:
10644:
10642:
10633:
10632:
10628:
10618:
10616:
10607:
10606:
10602:
10592:
10590:
10581:
10580:
10576:
10560:
10559:
10552:
10550:
10535:
10531:
10521:
10519:
10504:
10500:
10490:
10488:
10475:
10474:
10470:
10460:Wayback Machine
10451:
10447:
10437:Wayback Machine
10428:
10424:
10414:
10412:
10393:
10389:
10366:
10362:
10352:
10350:
10333:
10329:
10323:Wayback Machine
10303:
10299:
10289:
10287:
10272:
10271:
10267:
10257:
10255:
10240:
10239:
10235:
10225:
10223:
10210:
10209:
10205:
10195:
10193:
10188:. 13 May 2020.
10178:
10177:
10173:
10163:
10161:
10148:
10147:
10143:
10133:
10131:
10108:
10107:
10103:
10097:Wayback Machine
10088:
10084:
10074:
10072:
10059:
10058:
10054:
10044:
10042:
10033:
10032:
10028:
10020:
10009:
10005:
10004:
10000:
9987:
9983:
9973:
9971:
9958:
9957:
9953:
9943:
9941:
9930:
9926:
9916:
9914:
9902:
9898:
9885:
9881:
9871:
9869:
9864:
9863:
9859:
9849:
9847:
9842:
9841:
9837:
9827:
9825:
9816:
9815:
9808:
9798:
9796:
9787:
9786:
9782:
9772:
9770:
9769:on 8 April 2017
9761:
9760:
9756:
9743:
9742:
9738:
9728:
9726:
9722:
9715:
9711:
9710:
9706:
9696:
9694:
9690:
9683:
9679:
9678:
9674:
9664:
9662:
9653:
9652:
9648:
9638:
9636:
9628:
9627:
9623:
9610:
9606:
9596:
9594:
9581:
9580:
9576:
9566:
9564:
9549:
9533:
9529:
9519:
9517:
9502:
9486:
9482:
9466:
9465:
9457:
9453:
9443:
9441:
9437:
9430:
9426:
9425:
9421:
9411:
9409:
9394:
9390:
9380:
9378:
9365:
9364:
9360:
9348:Wayback Machine
9339:
9335:
9325:
9323:
9308:
9304:
9294:
9292:
9277:
9273:
9242:
9238:
9230:
9226:
9220:Wayback Machine
9211:
9207:
9195:
9193:
9170:
9168:
9145:
9143:
9127:
9123:
9113:
9111:
9098:
9097:
9093:
9083:
9081:
9074:
9058:
9054:
9044:
9042:
9027:
9023:
8984:
8980:
8964:
8963:
8951:
8937:
8933:
8921:
8917:
8905:
8898:
8887:
8883:
8876:
8860:
8856:
8849:
8833:
8829:
8822:
8806:
8799:
8792:
8773:
8769:
8755:
8753:
8746:
8730:
8723:
8710:
8708:
8701:
8685:
8681:
8674:
8654:
8650:
8644:Wayback Machine
8634:
8630:
8620:
8618:
8605:
8604:
8600:
8594:Wayback Machine
8585:
8581:
8569:
8565:
8550:
8530:
8526:
8516:
8514:
8505:
8504:
8500:
8493:
8477:
8473:
8463:
8461:
8456:. 16 May 2007.
8448:
8447:
8443:
8436:
8420:
8416:
8406:
8404:
8389:
8385:
8378:
8362:
8358:
8348:
8346:
8337:
8336:
8332:
8322:
8320:
8311:
8310:
8306:
8302:, p.407, p.461.
8294:
8290:
8278:
8274:
8264:
8262:
8258:
8227:
8221:
8217:
8211:Wayback Machine
8202:
8198:
8191:
8175:
8171:
8164:
8148:
8144:
8137:
8121:
8117:
8104:
8097:
8087:
8085:
8072:
8071:
8067:
8060:
8038:
8034:
8027:
8011:
8004:
7994:
7992:
7979:
7978:
7974:
7958:
7957:
7946:
7944:
7927:
7923:
7856:
7852:
7834:
7830:
7822:
7818:
7808:
7806:
7778:
7774:
7764:
7762:
7751:
7747:
7737:
7735:
7716:
7712:
7702:
7700:
7691:
7690:
7686:
7657:
7653:
7643:
7641:
7632:
7631:
7627:
7621:Wayback Machine
7612:
7608:
7598:
7596:
7581:
7559:
7552:
7542:
7540:
7527:
7526:
7522:
7512:
7510:
7501:
7500:
7496:
7490:Wayback Machine
7481:
7477:
7463:
7461:
7437:
7433:
7422:
7420:
7409:
7408:
7404:
7398:Wayback Machine
7389:
7385:
7375:
7373:
7369:
7314:
7308:Smith, George D
7305:
7301:
7237:
7233:
7228:
7224:
7218:
7214:
7204:
7202:
7189:
7188:
7184:
7177:
7163:
7156:
7149:
7135:
7131:
7124:
7110:
7106:
7095:
7091:
7085:Wayback Machine
7076:
7072:
7058:Adrian Hastings
7045:
7041:
7025:
7021:
7011:
7009:
7000:
6999:
6995:
6984:
6980:
6970:
6966:
6956:
6952:
6942:
6938:
6920:
6916:
6898:
6894:
6863:
6859:
6849:
6845:
6835:
6833:
6822:
6818:
6808:
6806:
6793:
6792:
6788:
6775:
6771:
6755:
6751:
6719:
6715:
6703:
6699:
6692:30 May 2012 at
6680:
6676:
6669:
6665:
6658:
6654:
6647:
6643:
6633:
6631:
6620:
6616:
6609:
6605:
6598:
6591:
6580:
6576:
6566:
6564:
6549:
6545:
6535:
6533:
6518:
6514:
6504:Wayback Machine
6494:
6490:
6483:
6469:
6465:
6458:
6444:
6440:
6433:
6419:
6415:
6384:
6357:
6353:
6343:
6341:
6326:
6322:
6307:
6303:
6288:
6284:
6274:
6272:
6263:
6262:
6255:
6224:(10): 2312–21.
6210:
6206:
6196:
6194:
6179:
6175:
6120:
6116:
6106:
6104:
6102:
6086:
6082:
6072:
6070:
6063:
6047:Tennov, Dorothy
6044:
6040:
6030:
6028:
5973:
5969:
5946:(11): 2047–57.
5932:
5928:
5891:(5827): 55–57.
5881:
5877:
5838:
5834:
5810:10.1038/416496a
5781:
5777:
5767:
5765:
5750:
5746:
5736:
5734:
5711:
5707:
5698:
5694:
5687:
5673:
5669:
5653:
5649:
5644:. Oxford: Berg.
5638:
5634:
5606:
5602:
5571:
5567:
5560:
5540:
5536:
5521:10.2307/2844434
5505:
5501:
5491:
5489:
5438:
5434:
5423:
5419:
5409:
5407:
5392:10.2307/3773200
5372:
5368:
5361:
5345:
5341:
5331:
5329:
5328:on 19 June 2010
5320:
5319:
5315:
5296:
5292:
5282:
5280:
5254:10.7832/41-2-12
5233:
5229:
5218:
5214:
5203:
5199:
5192:
5178:
5167:
5157:
5155:
5151:
5144:
5138:
5134:
5124:
5122:
5095:
5088:
5081:
5055:
5051:
5041:
5039:
5028:
5021:
4968:
4964:
4954:
4952:
4937:
4933:
4923:
4921:
4914:
4900:
4899:
4895:
4885:
4883:
4882:on 31 July 2017
4868:
4864:
4854:
4852:
4837:
4833:
4823:
4821:
4806:
4802:
4792:
4790:
4777:
4776:
4772:
4762:
4760:
4751:
4750:
4746:
4735:
4726:
4716:
4714:
4663:
4652:
4642:
4640:
4625:
4621:
4558:
4554:
4533:. Elsevier BV.
4527:
4520:
4513:
4503:Why Sex Matters
4499:
4492:
4461:
4454:
4385:
4378:
4349:
4328:
4291:
4287:
4280:
4266:
4262:
4256:
4234:
4230:
4183:
4179:
4173:Wayback Machine
4135:
4131:
4116:
4109:
4103:Wayback Machine
4093:
4086:
4076:
4074:
4067:
4049:
4042:
4032:
4030:
4013:
4009:
3999:
3997:
3984:
3980:
3909:
3898:
3888:Wayback Machine
3877:
3873:
3857:
3853:
3832:
3831:
3827:
3821:Perseus Project
3797:
3793:
3783:
3781:
3772:
3758:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3743:
3734:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3711:Unicorn hunting
3701:Serial monogamy
3640:
3635:
3633:
3628:Religion portal
3626:
3619:
3612:
3605:
3598:
3591:
3584:
3577:
3574:
3547:
3521:
3475:Jonathan Turley
3393:
3379:
3353:
3332:
3327:
3326:
3288:
3280:
3252:
3233:
3226:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3205:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3193:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3181:
3177:
3169:
3163:
3157:
3154:
3139:
3136:
3109:
3103:
3044:Rabbenu Gershom
2961:
2951:
2847:
2839:
2814:
2806:
2789:
2781:
2751:
2745:
2671:
2665:
2659:
2603:
2589:plural marriage
2577:
2537:
2527:since the 1882
2519:Brown v. Buhman
2501:1886 revelation
2489:splinter groups
2391:
2351:Section of the
2348:
2342:
2332:
2296:
2294:
2289:
2288:
2255:
2245:
2244:
2237:Brown v. Buhman
2231:Cleveland v. US
2219:Davis v. Beason
2197:
2189:
2188:
2171:
2163:
2162:
2148:List of leaders
2121:
2111:
2110:
2081:
2071:
2070:
2053:
2052:Early Mormonism
2045:
2041:
2019:
1986:
1969:
1967:Lutheran Church
1889:Catholic Church
1885:
1834:Philip of Hesse
1819:"Der Beichtrat"
1773:
1732:
1726:
1693:
1642:
1637:
1588:
1565:
1559:
1531:serial monogamy
1524:Serial monogamy
1521:
1519:Serial monogamy
1459:
1439:
1433:
1421:
1412:
1360:western country
1340:
1283:Anthropologist
1201:accept polygyny
1181:
1175:
1163:
1157:
1129:
1111:serial monogamy
1082:anthropologists
1049:Sexual polygamy
1043:Social polygamy
1030:
890:
858:
850:
849:
846:
839:
830:
810:Alliance theory
805:
797:
796:
795:
766:Lewis H. Morgan
761:Henrietta Moore
741:Eleanor Leacock
736:Louise Lamphere
731:Roger Lancaster
706:Tom Boellstorff
695:
694:Major theorists
687:
686:
663:
640:
602:
594:
593:
588:
581:Dravidian
520:
512:
511:
491:
376:Nurture kinship
366:
332:Cousin marriage
233:
193:
182:
181:
180:
175:
169:
166:
159:
150:
135:
129:
126:
119:
110:
69:
65:
58:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
12780:
12770:
12769:
12764:
12762:Mating systems
12759:
12754:
12737:
12736:
12734:
12733:
12720:
12717:
12716:
12714:
12713:
12708:
12703:
12698:
12692:
12690:
12686:
12685:
12683:
12682:
12674:
12672:
12666:
12665:
12663:
12662:
12661:
12660:
12655:
12650:
12645:
12635:
12630:
12629:
12628:
12618:
12612:
12610:
12603:
12602:
12600:
12599:
12594:
12589:
12584:
12579:
12574:
12569:
12564:
12558:
12556:
12550:
12549:
12547:
12546:
12541:
12536:
12531:
12530:
12529:
12528:
12527:
12525:Middle Eastern
12517:
12506:
12504:
12498:
12497:
12495:
12494:
12489:
12483:
12481:
12475:
12474:
12471:
12470:
12468:
12467:
12462:
12457:
12452:
12447:
12442:
12441:
12440:
12429:
12427:
12423:
12422:
12420:
12419:
12418:
12417:
12412:
12407:
12397:
12391:
12389:
12383:
12382:
12380:
12379:
12374:
12369:
12364:
12359:
12354:
12349:
12343:
12341:
12337:
12336:
12334:
12333:
12332:
12331:
12330:
12329:
12317:
12307:
12306:
12305:
12300:
12295:
12284:
12282:
12275:
12272:Circumstantial
12269:
12268:
12266:
12265:
12264:
12263:
12258:
12248:
12243:
12238:
12232:
12230:
12226:
12225:
12223:
12222:
12217:
12212:
12207:
12202:
12201:
12200:
12193:
12183:
12178:
12172:
12170:
12164:
12163:
12161:
12160:
12155:
12150:
12144:
12142:
12138:
12137:
12135:
12134:
12127:
12126:
12125:
12120:
12115:
12110:
12109:
12108:
12101:
12094:
12087:
12080:
12073:
12066:
12059:
12042:
12037:
12032:
12027:
12022:
12021:
12020:
12008:
12007:
12006:
12001:
11996:
11991:
11981:
11976:
11975:
11974:
11969:
11964:
11959:
11958:
11957:
11942:
11936:
11934:
11930:
11929:
11927:
11926:
11925:
11924:
11919:
11909:
11908:
11907:
11902:
11897:
11887:
11882:
11877:
11872:
11871:
11870:
11860:
11855:
11854:
11853:
11848:
11838:
11833:
11827:
11825:
11821:
11820:
11813:
11812:
11805:
11798:
11790:
11781:
11780:
11778:
11777:
11772:
11767:
11762:
11757:
11751:
11749:
11745:
11744:
11742:
11741:
11736:
11731:
11726:
11721:
11716:
11711:
11706:
11701:
11695:
11693:
11683:
11682:
11680:
11679:
11674:
11669:
11664:
11658:
11656:
11652:
11651:
11649:
11648:
11643:
11638:
11633:
11628:
11623:
11618:
11613:
11608:
11603:
11601:Group marriage
11598:
11592:
11590:
11586:
11585:
11580:
11579:
11572:
11565:
11557:
11548:
11547:
11545:
11544:
11536:
11530:
11529:
11524:
11519:
11514:
11509:
11504:
11499:
11493:
11490:
11489:
11487:
11486:
11481:
11476:
11471:
11466:
11461:
11456:
11451:
11446:
11441:
11436:
11431:
11426:
11421:
11416:
11411:
11406:
11401:
11396:
11391:
11386:
11381:
11376:
11371:
11366:
11361:
11356:
11351:
11346:
11341:
11336:
11330:
11328:
11322:
11321:
11319:
11318:
11313:
11308:
11303:
11298:
11293:
11288:
11283:
11278:
11275:
11270:
11265:
11260:
11255:
11252:
11249:
11246:
11243:
11238:
11235:
11229:
11227:
11221:
11220:
11218:
11217:
11212:United Kingdom
11209:
11201:
11192:
11190:
11189:legally abroad
11182:
11181:
11178:
11177:
11175:
11174:
11169:
11164:
11159:
11155:
11153:
11149:
11148:
11146:
11145:
11140:
11135:
11130:
11125:
11122:
11119:
11114:
11109:
11104:
11101:
11098:
11093:
11090:
11085:
11082:
11077:
11072:
11067:
11062:
11057:
11052:
11047:
11044:
11039:
11038:
11037:
11032:
11024:
11019:
11014:
11009:
11004:
10999:
10994:
10989:
10984:
10979:
10976:
10971:
10966:
10961:
10956:
10950:
10948:
10941:
10935:
10934:
10926:
10925:
10918:
10911:
10903:
10897:
10896:
10891:
10885:—slideshow by
10880:
10873:
10872:External links
10870:
10869:
10868:
10862:
10844:
10838:
10822:
10816:
10792:
10786:
10773:
10767:
10754:
10743:
10737:
10719:Boserup, Ester
10713:
10710:
10707:
10706:
10699:
10678:
10652:
10626:
10600:
10574:
10529:
10498:
10468:
10445:
10443:(3 March 2004)
10422:
10387:
10376:(3): 711–731.
10360:
10327:
10297:
10265:
10233:
10203:
10171:
10141:
10101:
10082:
10052:
10026:
9998:
9981:
9951:
9924:
9896:
9879:
9857:
9835:
9806:
9780:
9754:
9736:
9704:
9681:"OHCHR report"
9672:
9646:
9621:
9604:
9574:
9547:
9527:
9500:
9480:
9451:
9419:
9388:
9358:
9333:
9322:on 5 July 2021
9302:
9271:
9258:10.2307/839776
9236:
9224:
9205:
9203:
9202:
9177:
9121:
9091:
9072:
9052:
9029:Lamdan, Ruth.
9021:
8994:(3): 408–412.
8978:
8949:
8931:
8915:
8896:
8881:
8874:
8854:
8847:
8827:
8820:
8797:
8790:
8767:
8744:
8721:
8699:
8679:
8672:
8648:
8628:
8598:
8579:
8563:
8548:
8524:
8498:
8491:
8471:
8454:United Nations
8441:
8434:
8414:
8383:
8376:
8356:
8330:
8304:
8288:
8272:
8215:
8196:
8190:978-0253214805
8189:
8169:
8162:
8142:
8135:
8115:
8095:
8065:
8058:
8032:
8025:
8002:
7972:
7921:
7850:
7828:
7816:
7772:
7745:
7710:
7684:
7651:
7625:
7606:
7580:978-0874804256
7579:
7550:
7520:
7494:
7475:
7440:Young, Brigham
7431:
7402:
7383:
7299:
7231:
7222:
7212:
7182:
7175:
7154:
7147:
7129:
7122:
7104:
7089:
7070:
7039:
7019:
6993:
6978:
6964:
6950:
6936:
6914:
6892:
6873:(2): 152–164.
6867:Interpretation
6857:
6843:
6816:
6786:
6769:
6749:
6724:, ed. (1904).
6713:
6697:
6674:
6663:
6660:Matthew 19:3–9
6652:
6641:
6614:
6603:
6589:
6586:Matthew 19:3–6
6574:
6543:
6512:
6488:
6482:978-0816075171
6481:
6463:
6456:
6438:
6431:
6413:
6382:
6351:
6334:Study Buddhism
6320:
6301:
6282:
6253:
6204:
6173:
6114:
6100:
6080:
6061:
6038:
5967:
5926:
5875:
5848:(2–3): 63–69.
5842:Folia Primatol
5832:
5775:
5744:
5705:
5692:
5686:978-0020759102
5685:
5667:
5647:
5632:
5600:
5581:(4): 510–511.
5565:
5558:
5534:
5499:
5474:10.1086/204624
5458:10.1086/204624
5452:(3): 375–398.
5432:
5417:
5386:(3): 325–337.
5366:
5359:
5339:
5313:
5290:
5247:(2): 164–181.
5227:
5212:
5197:
5190:
5165:
5132:
5109:(4): 871–887.
5086:
5079:
5049:
5019:
4962:
4931:
4912:
4893:
4862:
4851:on 4 June 2014
4831:
4800:
4770:
4744:
4724:
4650:
4619:
4552:
4518:
4511:
4490:
4452:
4376:
4326:
4285:
4278:
4260:
4254:
4228:
4177:
4129:
4107:
4084:
4065:
4040:
4007:
3978:
3896:
3871:
3851:
3825:
3791:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3691:Ménage à trois
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3647:
3646:
3645:
3631:
3617:
3603:
3600:Society portal
3589:
3573:
3570:
3555:Martin Bormann
3546:
3543:
3539:
3538:
3535:
3532:
3520:
3517:
3488:fellow at the
3473:law professor
3352:
3349:
3331:
3330:United Kingdom
3328:
3302:states that a
3289:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3251:
3248:
3232:
3229:
3225:
3224:
3221:
3213:
3206:
3200:
3194:
3188:
3182:
3176:
3175:
3162:
3159:
3152:
3134:
3102:
3101:Zoroastrianism
3099:
3040:Ashkenazi Jews
3029:Shulchan Aruch
3013:Sephardic Jews
3005:Ashkenazi Jews
2974:Michael Coogan
2950:
2947:
2837:
2804:
2779:
2747:Main article:
2744:
2741:
2602:
2599:
2576:
2573:
2536:
2533:
2482:excommunicated
2474:Smoot Hearings
2428:US territories
2390:
2387:
2338:Main article:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2323:
2316:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2291:
2290:
2256:
2251:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2201:Reynolds v. US
2198:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2144:Kingston Group
2122:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2112:
2108:1904 Manifesto
2100:1890 Manifesto
2082:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2036:
2028:
2027:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2006:
1985:
1982:
1968:
1965:
1928:dominus-servus
1884:
1881:
1810:sola scriptura
1728:Main article:
1725:
1722:
1717:Gaelic Ireland
1701:Celtic peoples
1692:
1689:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1587:
1584:
1569:non-monogamous
1563:Group marriage
1561:Main article:
1558:
1557:Group marriage
1555:
1520:
1517:
1458:
1455:
1435:Main article:
1432:
1429:
1420:
1417:
1411:
1408:
1339:
1336:
1177:Main article:
1174:
1171:
1159:Main article:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1148:Group marriage
1145:
1139:
1128:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1107:
1063:
1062:
1052:
1046:
1040:
1029:
1026:
1002:Central Africa
892:
891:
889:
888:
881:
874:
866:
863:
862:
852:
851:
848:
847:
842:
840:
833:
831:
824:
822:
817:
812:
806:
803:
802:
799:
798:
794:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
716:W. D. Hamilton
713:
708:
703:
697:
696:
693:
692:
689:
688:
683:
682:
681:
680:
670:
669:
665:
664:
662:
661:
656:
650:
647:
646:
642:
641:
639:
638:
629:
624:
619:
614:
608:
603:
600:
599:
596:
595:
590:
589:
587:
586:
578:
573:
568:
566:Eskimo (Inuit)
563:
558:
553:
547:
544:
543:
539:
538:
537:
536:
531:
521:
518:
517:
514:
513:
508:
507:
506:
505:
500:
495:
489:
484:
479:
471:
470:
466:
465:
462:
461:
460:
459:
457:Patrilineality
454:
452:Matrilineality
449:
444:
436:
435:
431:
430:
429:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
387:
386:
382:
381:
380:
379:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
234:
232:Basic concepts
231:
230:
227:
226:
218:
217:
210:
209:
195:
194:
177:
176:
153:
151:
144:
137:
136:
113:
111:
104:
99:
73:
72:
70:
63:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
12779:
12768:
12765:
12763:
12760:
12758:
12755:
12753:
12750:
12749:
12747:
12732:
12731:
12722:
12721:
12718:
12712:
12709:
12707:
12704:
12702:
12699:
12697:
12694:
12693:
12691:
12687:
12681:
12680:
12679:Mariage blanc
12676:
12675:
12673:
12671:
12667:
12659:
12656:
12654:
12651:
12649:
12646:
12644:
12641:
12640:
12639:
12636:
12634:
12631:
12627:
12624:
12623:
12622:
12619:
12617:
12614:
12613:
12611:
12609:
12604:
12598:
12595:
12593:
12590:
12588:
12585:
12583:
12582:International
12580:
12578:
12575:
12573:
12570:
12568:
12565:
12563:
12560:
12559:
12557:
12555:
12551:
12545:
12542:
12540:
12537:
12535:
12532:
12526:
12523:
12522:
12521:
12518:
12516:
12513:
12512:
12511:
12508:
12507:
12505:
12503:
12499:
12493:
12490:
12488:
12485:
12484:
12482:
12480:
12476:
12466:
12463:
12461:
12458:
12456:
12453:
12451:
12448:
12446:
12443:
12439:
12436:
12435:
12434:
12431:
12430:
12428:
12424:
12416:
12413:
12411:
12408:
12406:
12403:
12402:
12401:
12398:
12396:
12393:
12392:
12390:
12388:
12384:
12378:
12375:
12373:
12370:
12368:
12365:
12363:
12360:
12358:
12355:
12353:
12350:
12348:
12345:
12344:
12342:
12338:
12328:
12327:
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11997:
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11992:
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11768:
11766:
11763:
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11753:
11752:
11750:
11746:
11740:
11739:Polygamy czar
11737:
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11732:
11730:
11727:
11725:
11722:
11720:
11717:
11715:
11712:
11710:
11707:
11705:
11704:Current state
11702:
11700:
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11678:
11675:
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11670:
11668:
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11634:
11632:
11629:
11627:
11624:
11622:
11619:
11617:
11614:
11612:
11609:
11607:
11606:Open marriage
11604:
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11599:
11597:
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11587:
11578:
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11469:United States
11467:
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11380:
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11360:
11359:Côte d'Ivoire
11357:
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11340:
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11245:Guinea-Bissau
11244:
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11230:
11228:
11226:customary law
11222:
11213:
11210:
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11202:
11197:
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11185:Recognized if
11183:
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10848:Wilson, E. O.
10845:
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10738:9781557866868
10734:
10730:
10726:
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10700:0-15-602754-2
10696:
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9650:
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9625:
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9616:
9612:Boyce, Mary.
9608:
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9550:
9548:90-04-10474-7
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8968:
8960:
8956:
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8946:
8942:
8935:
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8924:
8919:
8913:
8910:; compare to
8909:
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8858:
8850:
8848:90-04-11934-5
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8791:90-04-04160-5
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8435:9780821346785
8431:
8427:
8426:
8418:
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8394:
8387:
8379:
8377:9781134033706
8373:
8370:. Routledge.
8369:
8368:
8360:
8344:
8340:
8339:"ahlalhdeeth"
8334:
8318:
8314:
8308:
8301:
8297:
8292:
8285:
8281:
8280:Thomas Hughes
8276:
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8219:
8212:
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8163:9788171564422
8159:
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8059:9780823931804
8055:
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7267:
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7245:
7241:
7240:Compton, Todd
7235:
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7216:
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7176:9780826470904
7172:
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7148:9789996045097
7144:
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7123:9780313384783
7119:
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7068:
7067:90-04-11668-0
7064:
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7049:
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7036:0-89870-080-9
7033:
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6921:St. Augustin
6918:
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6804:
6800:
6796:
6790:
6783:
6779:
6773:
6767:
6766:Der Beichtrat
6763:
6762:
6758:
6753:
6745:
6741:
6737:
6733:
6732:
6727:
6723:
6717:
6710:
6706:
6701:
6695:
6694:archive.today
6691:
6688:
6684:
6678:
6672:
6671:1 Timothy 3:2
6667:
6661:
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6645:
6629:
6625:
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6596:
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6509:
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6498:
6492:
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6474:
6467:
6459:
6457:0-415-94052-4
6453:
6449:
6442:
6434:
6432:9781869928612
6428:
6424:
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6409:
6405:
6401:
6397:
6393:
6389:
6385:
6379:
6375:
6371:
6370:
6365:
6361:
6360:Markale, Jean
6355:
6339:
6335:
6331:
6324:
6318:
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6299:
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6266:
6260:
6258:
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6223:
6219:
6218:Mol Biol Evol
6215:
6208:
6192:
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6184:
6177:
6169:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6151:
6147:
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6128:PLOS Genetics
6125:
6118:
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6097:
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5990:
5986:
5982:
5978:
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5963:
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5945:
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5940:Mol Biol Evol
5937:
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5922:
5918:
5914:
5910:
5906:
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5836:
5828:
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5811:
5806:
5802:
5798:
5795:(6880): 496.
5794:
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5763:
5759:
5755:
5748:
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5724:
5720:
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5664:9780826414885
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5545:The First Sex
5538:
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5076:
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3923:(2): 149–72.
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3509:Free Exercise
3506:
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3498:
3493:
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3487:
3483:
3482:Stanley Kurtz
3479:
3476:
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3468:
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3454:Wendy McElroy
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3431:federal judge
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3351:United States
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3260:Criminal Code
3257:
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3235:In 2000, the
3222:
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3052:Yemenite Jews
3049:
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2993:Temple Scroll
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2841:Surah An-Nisa
2836:
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2808:Surah An-Nisa
2803:
2798:
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2648:
2643:
2642:
2641:Vishnu Smriti
2636:
2635:in Hinduism.
2633:
2631:
2630:Dharmashastra
2626:
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2437:
2436:Supreme Court
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2408:
2405:, the second
2404:
2403:Brigham Young
2400:
2396:
2386:
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2383:
2378:
2374:
2373:Brigham Young
2370:
2366:
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2274:Polygamy czar
2271:
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2243:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2232:
2227:
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2220:
2215:
2214:
2213:Clawson v. US
2209:
2208:
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2202:
2193:
2192:
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2183:
2179:
2175:
2167:
2166:
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2125:
2120:
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2084:Brigham Young
2080:
2075:
2074:
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2061:
2057:
2049:
2048:
2039:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2010:
2007:
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2002:
2001:conditions:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1981:
1979:
1974:
1963:
1958:
1954:
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1947:
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1937:
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1913:
1907:
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1880:
1877:
1873:
1868:
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1865:Old Testament
1862:
1858:
1854:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1827:Martin Luther
1824:
1820:
1816:
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1805:
1803:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1784:
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1777:
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1762:
1760:
1756:
1755:New Testament
1751:
1749:
1745:
1744:New Testament
1741:
1737:
1736:Old Testament
1734:Although the
1731:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1697:Celtic pagans
1688:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
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1659:
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1573:
1570:
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1554:
1552:
1548:
1547:joint custody
1544:
1543:child support
1540:
1534:
1532:
1527:
1525:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1505:matrilineally
1502:
1498:
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1416:
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1404:
1399:
1398:
1397:de facto
1393:
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1302:
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1297:Ester Boserup
1294:
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1262:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1250:
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1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1217:religious law
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1167:
1162:
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1041:
1038:
1035:
1034:
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1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
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990:
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969:
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952:
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832:
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808:
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800:
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789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
756:Margaret Mead
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
721:Gilbert Herdt
719:
717:
714:
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707:
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702:
699:
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691:
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478:
475:
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468:
467:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
442:Ambilineality
440:
439:
438:
437:
433:
432:
427:
424:
422:
421:House society
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
398:
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389:
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350:
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343:
340:
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335:
333:
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328:
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323:
320:
318:
317:Bride service
315:
313:
310:
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305:
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300:
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290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
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257:Consanguinity
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188:
173:
163:
157:
154:This article
152:
148:
143:
142:
133:
130:December 2015
123:
117:
114:This article
112:
108:
103:
102:
97:
95:
88:
87:
82:
81:
76:
71:
62:
61:
56:
52:
48:
41:
40:Polysexuality
37:
33:
19:
12728:
12696:Dishu system
12677:
12647:
12562:Human–animal
12534:Same-surname
12324:
12195:
12129:
12103:
12096:
12089:
12082:
12075:
12068:
12061:
12054:
12035:Self-uniting
12015:
11999:Nikah mut'ah
11900:Nikah mut'ah
11636:Polygynandry
11630:
11626:Polyfidelity
11517:Non-monogamy
11501:
11497:Legal status
11464:Turkmenistan
11306:South Africa
11301:Sierra Leone
11237:Burkina Faso
11096:Saudi Arabia
10929:
10886:
10852:
10829:
10799:
10777:
10758:
10748:
10723:
10712:Bibliography
10690:
10681:
10669:. Retrieved
10655:
10643:. Retrieved
10629:
10617:. Retrieved
10613:the original
10603:
10591:. Retrieved
10577:
10551:. Retrieved
10542:
10532:
10520:. Retrieved
10511:
10501:
10489:. Retrieved
10480:
10471:
10463:
10448:
10440:
10425:
10413:. Retrieved
10404:
10400:
10390:
10373:
10369:
10363:
10351:. Retrieved
10340:
10330:
10310:
10306:
10300:
10288:. Retrieved
10277:
10268:
10256:. Retrieved
10247:Deseret News
10245:
10236:
10224:. Retrieved
10215:
10206:
10194:. Retrieved
10183:
10174:
10162:. Retrieved
10153:
10144:
10132:. Retrieved
10113:
10104:
10085:
10073:. Retrieved
10064:
10055:
10043:. Retrieved
10029:
10018:the original
10001:
9990:
9984:
9972:. Retrieved
9963:
9954:
9942:. Retrieved
9927:
9915:. Retrieved
9911:The Guardian
9909:
9899:
9882:
9870:. Retrieved
9868:(in Russian)
9860:
9848:. Retrieved
9846:(in Russian)
9838:
9826:. Retrieved
9797:. Retrieved
9783:
9771:. Retrieved
9767:the original
9757:
9749:the original
9739:
9727:. Retrieved
9707:
9695:. Retrieved
9675:
9663:. Retrieved
9649:
9637:. Retrieved
9633:
9624:
9614:
9607:
9595:. Retrieved
9586:
9583:"Family Law"
9577:
9565:. Retrieved
9537:
9530:
9518:. Retrieved
9490:
9483:
9460:
9454:
9444:13 September
9442:. Retrieved
9422:
9412:13 September
9410:. Retrieved
9401:
9391:
9379:. Retrieved
9375:the original
9368:
9361:
9354:
9336:
9326:13 September
9324:. Retrieved
9320:the original
9315:
9305:
9295:13 September
9293:. Retrieved
9284:
9274:
9252:(1): 79–89.
9249:
9245:
9239:
9234:, 5719-1959.
9231:
9227:
9208:
9194:. Retrieved
9185:
9169:. Retrieved
9160:
9144:. Retrieved
9135:
9124:
9112:. Retrieved
9103:
9094:
9082:. Retrieved
9062:
9055:
9043:. Retrieved
9034:
9024:
8991:
8987:
8981:
8940:
8934:
8926:
8918:
8912:Exodus 21:10
8893:Kiddushin 7a
8884:
8864:
8857:
8837:
8830:
8810:
8780:
8776:Vermès, Géza
8770:
8761:
8754:. Retrieved
8734:
8716:
8709:. Retrieved
8689:
8682:
8658:
8651:
8635:Gene McAfee
8631:
8619:. Retrieved
8610:
8601:
8582:
8575:Harold Fisch
8570:
8566:
8534:
8527:
8517:13 September
8515:. Retrieved
8501:
8481:
8474:
8462:. Retrieved
8444:
8424:
8417:
8405:. Retrieved
8401:the original
8386:
8366:
8359:
8349:13 September
8347:. Retrieved
8343:the original
8333:
8323:13 September
8321:. Retrieved
8307:
8299:
8291:
8283:
8275:
8263:. Retrieved
8238:(1): 59–86.
8235:
8231:
8218:
8199:
8179:
8172:
8152:
8145:
8125:
8118:
8108:
8086:. Retrieved
8077:
8068:
8043:
8035:
8015:
7993:. Retrieved
7989:the original
7984:
7975:
7952:
7945:. Retrieved
7936:
7924:
7916:
7870:
7866:
7853:
7847:(24): 94–96.
7844:
7840:
7831:
7823:
7819:
7807:. Retrieved
7788:
7775:
7763:. Retrieved
7748:
7736:. Retrieved
7725:
7713:
7701:. Retrieved
7687:
7679:the original
7664:
7654:
7644:13 September
7642:. Retrieved
7638:the original
7628:
7614:"The Primer"
7609:
7597:. Retrieved
7593:the original
7566:
7541:. Retrieved
7532:
7523:
7513:13 September
7511:. Retrieved
7497:
7478:
7469:
7462:. Retrieved
7453:
7447:
7434:
7421:. Retrieved
7411:
7405:
7386:
7374:. Retrieved
7322:
7318:
7302:
7251:
7247:
7234:
7225:
7220:pp. 8–9
7215:
7203:. Retrieved
7194:
7185:
7166:
7138:
7132:
7113:
7107:
7098:
7092:
7073:
7055:
7047:
7042:
7027:
7022:
7010:. Retrieved
6996:
6987:
6981:
6972:
6967:
6958:
6953:
6944:
6939:
6930:
6923:
6917:
6908:
6901:
6895:
6870:
6866:
6860:
6851:
6846:
6834:. Retrieved
6830:the original
6819:
6807:. Retrieved
6798:
6789:
6778:Gregor Brück
6772:
6765:
6759:
6752:
6730:
6716:
6700:
6683:Nestle-Aland
6681:The Digital
6677:
6666:
6655:
6649:Genesis 2:24
6644:
6632:. Retrieved
6617:
6606:
6582:Genesis 2:24
6577:
6565:. Retrieved
6557:Deseret News
6546:
6534:. Retrieved
6526:Daily Nation
6515:
6507:
6491:
6472:
6466:
6447:
6441:
6422:
6416:
6368:
6354:
6342:. Retrieved
6338:the original
6333:
6323:
6304:
6285:
6275:13 September
6273:. Retrieved
6221:
6217:
6207:
6195:. Retrieved
6187:The Guardian
6186:
6176:
6131:
6127:
6117:
6105:. Retrieved
6090:
6083:
6071:. Retrieved
6051:
6041:
6029:. Retrieved
5991:(1): 20–36.
5988:
5984:
5970:
5943:
5939:
5929:
5888:
5884:
5878:
5845:
5841:
5835:
5792:
5788:
5778:
5766:. Retrieved
5760:. New York.
5757:
5747:
5735:. Retrieved
5718:
5708:
5700:
5695:
5676:
5670:
5655:
5650:
5641:
5635:
5620:
5608:
5603:
5578:
5574:
5568:
5544:
5537:
5515:(1): 23–34.
5512:
5508:
5502:
5490:. Retrieved
5449:
5445:
5435:
5426:
5420:
5408:. Retrieved
5383:
5379:
5369:
5353:. Westview.
5349:
5342:
5330:. Retrieved
5326:the original
5316:
5301:
5293:
5281:. Retrieved
5244:
5240:
5230:
5221:
5215:
5206:
5200:
5181:
5158:27 September
5156:. Retrieved
5149:the original
5135:
5123:. Retrieved
5106:
5102:
5062:
5052:
5040:. Retrieved
4979:
4975:
4965:
4953:. Retrieved
4944:
4934:
4922:. Retrieved
4902:
4896:
4884:. Retrieved
4880:the original
4875:
4865:
4853:. Retrieved
4849:the original
4844:
4834:
4822:. Retrieved
4818:the original
4813:
4803:
4791:. Retrieved
4782:
4773:
4761:. Retrieved
4757:the original
4747:
4738:
4715:. Retrieved
4677:(1): 85–97.
4674:
4670:
4641:. Retrieved
4633:the Guardian
4632:
4622:
4569:
4565:
4555:
4530:
4502:
4468:
4464:
4396:
4392:
4360:
4356:
4302:
4298:
4288:
4269:
4263:
4237:
4231:
4190:
4186:
4180:
4157:
4145:
4141:
4137:
4132:
4123:
4075:. Retrieved
4056:
4031:. Retrieved
4020:
4010:
3998:. Retrieved
3988:
3981:
3920:
3917:Human Nature
3916:
3891:
3879:
3874:
3864:
3854:
3840:(in Greek).
3837:
3828:
3814:
3794:
3782:. Retrieved
3765:
3755:
3731:
3563:
3551:Nazi Germany
3548:
3540:
3526:
3522:
3502:
3500:
3495:
3486:conservative
3480:
3464:
3462:
3458:
3448:
3444:
3428:
3408:
3394:
3359:Polygamy in
3345:
3335:
3333:
3322:
3313:cohabitation
3308:
3290:
3265:
3253:
3245:
3234:
3161:Legal status
3149:
3141:
3130:
3110:
3083:Ovadia Yosef
3080:
3056:Persian Jews
3037:
3033:
3021:
3002:
2989:Jewish sects
2982:
2970:Hebrew Bible
2962:
2935:
2919:Turkmenistan
2907:Sierra Leone
2872:
2859:
2849:
2833:
2816:
2800:
2797:which says:
2791:
2783:Surah Ar-Rum
2775:
2767:
2752:
2730:
2727:
2718:dharma-patni
2717:
2711:
2704:
2697:
2695:
2690:
2686:
2681:
2679:
2653:
2645:
2639:
2637:
2629:
2622:
2616:
2613:Vedic period
2607:
2604:
2578:
2538:
2524:cohabitation
2517:
2515:
2508:
2486:
2447:
2439:
2395:Joseph Smith
2392:
2380:
2352:
2349:
2235:
2229:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2207:Cannon v. US
2205:
2199:
2056:Joseph Smith
2037:
1999:
1987:
1978:Holy Baptism
1970:
1960:
1955:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1920:subordinates
1919:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1900:
1892:
1886:
1869:
1850:
1845:
1829:granted the
1822:
1818:
1808:
1806:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1786:
1778:
1763:
1752:
1733:
1724:Christianity
1694:
1663:
1643:
1629:
1625:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1592:
1589:
1566:
1550:
1535:
1528:
1522:
1488:
1487:
1480:
1461:
1460:
1447:
1440:
1413:
1401:
1395:
1392:Qing dynasty
1388:
1368:
1347:
1343:
1341:
1332:
1315:
1310:
1282:
1263:
1256:
1251:) immutable
1236:
1212:
1194:
1130:
1121:
1110:
1095:
1090:
1077:
1064:
1054:
1048:
1042:
1036:
1031:
1006:Burkina Faso
994:social class
988:
984:
979:
961:
955:
946:
939:sociobiology
896:
895:
834:
825:
675:
634: /
601:Case studies
582:
447:Unilineality
406:Matrilateral
399: /
374: /
370: /
362:Cohabitation
296:
267:Incest taboo
198:
183:
167:
155:
127:
115:
91:
84:
78:
77:Please help
74:
12616:Concubinage
12587:Interracial
12577:Interethnic
12572:Inter-caste
12510:Consanguine
12438:Watta satta
12387:Convenience
12241:Handfasting
12030:Scientology
12004:Nikah 'urfi
11846:Nikah 'urfi
11327:and regions
11204:New Zealand
11117:South Sudan
10954:Afghanistan
10671:24 November
10645:24 November
10619:24 November
10593:24 November
10553:8 September
10522:17 February
10491:17 February
10407:: 451–460.
10353:15 November
10258:14 February
10196:14 February
10134:14 December
9974:4 September
9944:15 February
9773:15 February
9196:6 September
9171:6 September
9146:6 September
9114:6 September
9045:6 September
8908:Yevamot 65a
8621:6 September
8611:sefaria.org
7703:8 September
7456:: 119–128.
7325:(1): 1–72.
7254:(2): 1–38.
6985:Augustine,
6900:Augustine,
6634:29 November
5550:271–72, 276
5264:10500/29386
5241:Missionalia
5125:12 December
5042:6 September
4033:14 February
4000:17 February
3834:"πολυγαμία"
3686:More danico
3325:polygamous.
3025:Joseph Karo
2923:Kyrgyzstan
2722:Hindu kings
2701:Dharmasutra
2687:Dharmasutra
2624:Mahabharata
2529:Edmunds Act
2505:John Taylor
2422:issued the
2357:John Taylor
2182:Edmunds Act
2140:FLDS Church
1842:fornication
1770:Corinthians
1713:Brehon Laws
1475:, parts of
1403:concubinage
1364:bride price
1348:non-sororal
1274:slave trade
1270:West Africa
1235:, the term
1209:Islamic law
998:West Africa
781:Gayle Rubin
519:Terminology
434:Linealities
312:Bride price
302:Concubinage
12746:Categories
12608:monogamous
12597:Morganatic
12592:Interfaith
12515:Avunculate
12487:Common-law
12405:Green card
12372:Tongyangxi
12288:Posthumous
12229:Ceremonial
12220:Tongyangxi
12077:Prajapatya
11880:Remarriage
11760:Compersion
11474:Uzbekistan
11444:Tajikistan
11399:Kyrgyzstan
11394:Kazakhstan
11281:Mozambique
11070:Mauritania
11022:The Gambia
10969:Bangladesh
10947:Nationwide
10932:by country
10290:27 January
10216:Justia Law
10164:27 January
10045:27 January
9639:27 January
9597:27 January
9567:27 January
9520:27 January
8959:1055160815
8464:3 February
8407:23 January
8313:"IslamWeb"
8088:20 January
7947:1 February
7939:. London.
7873:(4): 112.
7809:13 January
7765:13 January
7738:13 January
7599:30 October
7563:"Polygamy"
7464:24 October
7423:11 October
6742:. p.
6738:. London:
5492:7 December
4886:9 February
4855:9 February
4841:"Sharīʿah"
4824:29 January
4793:24 January
4763:4 December
4671:J Mol Evol
4162:OED Online
3784:1 February
3762:"polygamy"
3747:References
3614:Law portal
3401:infraction
3381:See also:
3365:infraction
3292:Polygamous
3165:See also:
3105:See also:
2953:See also:
2931:Tajikistan
2927:Uzbekistan
2915:Kazakhstan
2895:Azerbaijan
2706:Manusmriti
2683:Baudhayana
2567:, and the
2344:See also:
2178:Poland Act
2044:1878–1885)
1912:in command
1887:The Roman
1857:Mswati III
1759:scriptures
1677:concubines
1511:among the
1352:kin groups
1285:Jack Goody
1253:divine law
1239:refers to
1084:and other
1076:often use
1066:Biologists
901:Late Greek
726:Don Kulick
711:Jack Goody
701:Diane Bell
627:Philippine
503:Patrilocal
487:Matrilocal
482:Matrifocal
426:Avunculate
416:Collateral
80:improve it
18:Polygamist
12653:Polyandry
12567:Hypergamy
12415:Predatory
12357:Hypergamy
12340:Financial
12256:Las Vegas
12236:Betrothal
12191:Abduction
12113:Ayyavazhi
12105:Paishacha
12084:Gandharva
11955:Josephite
11945:Christian
11933:Religious
11895:Hollywood
11890:Temporary
11841:Customary
11734:Lost boys
11621:Polyandry
11616:Polyamory
11512:Polyandry
11439:Sri Lanka
11409:Mauritius
11311:Swaziland
11196:Australia
11187:performed
11167:Palestine
11152:Statewide
11103:Singapore
11042:Indonesia
11035:Polyandry
10938:Performed
10441:USA Today
10415:5 January
10316:Reprinted
10226:27 August
10124:0746-3502
10075:27 August
9510:816830360
9469:cite book
9016:150208678
9008:0021-2237
8967:cite book
8558:505927356
8265:26 August
8252:0001-6446
7913:254387866
7905:365871238
7889:0012-2157
7799:0746-3502
7675:0746-3502
7363:254329894
7355:367616792
7339:0012-2157
7294:254388739
7286:929467668
7270:0012-2157
6887:170288252
6567:9 October
6536:9 October
6362:(1986) .
6150:1553-7404
5595:0964-0282
5466:0011-3204
5410:26 August
5380:Ethnology
5283:26 August
5273:0256-9507
4996:0962-8436
4945:VoxEU.org
4717:28 August
4588:2041-2223
4547:1556-5068
4485:1933-5377
4421:0169-5347
4321:1923-1245
4215:0169-5347
4077:5 January
3953:879353439
3945:1045-6767
3937:1936-4776
3801:πολυγαμία
3666:Polyamory
3656:Polyandry
3519:Indonesia
3466:USA Today
3416:Mormonism
3121:Zoroaster
2699:Apastamba
2662:Kshatriya
2462:Manifesto
2438:decision
2407:president
2160:YFZ Ranch
2152:Lost boys
1988:The 1988
1903:Augustine
1831:Landgrave
1709:polyandry
1673:Sri Lanka
1649:sacrament
1576:Polyamory
1437:Polyandry
1431:Incidence
1419:Polyandry
1173:Incidence
1142:Polyandry
1059:paternity
935:polyandry
929:. When a
921:. When a
917:multiple
910:polygamía
905:πολυγαμία
668:Sexuality
583:(debated)
401:Bilateral
307:Polyandry
170:July 2020
162:talk page
122:talk page
86:talk page
36:Polyamory
12757:Polygamy
12730:Category
12658:Polygyny
12648:Polygamy
12539:Homogamy
12502:Endogamy
12479:De facto
12465:Sororate
12455:Sologamy
12433:Exchange
12395:Lavender
12320:Levirate
12168:Arranged
12098:Rakshasa
12011:Levirate
11950:Catholic
11917:Putative
11912:Voidable
11905:Wedlease
11885:Same-sex
11875:Marriage
11863:Monogamy
11836:Covenant
11755:Polycule
11641:Polygyny
11631:Polygamy
11507:Polygyny
11502:Polygamy
11484:Malaysia
11449:Thailand
11419:Mongolia
11369:Ethiopia
11354:DR Congo
11316:Zimbabwe
11277:Malaysia
11233:Botswana
11121:Tanzania
11088:Pakistan
11065:Maldives
11030:Polygyny
11007:Djibouti
10982:Cameroon
10850:(2000).
10828:(1992).
10798:(2004).
10689:(1973).
10665:Archived
10639:Archived
10587:Archived
10563:cite web
10547:Archived
10516:Archived
10485:Archived
10456:Archived
10433:Archived
10409:Archived
10382:25740483
10347:Archived
10319:Archived
10284:Archived
10279:ABC News
10252:Archived
10220:Archived
10190:Archived
10158:Archived
10128:Archived
10093:Archived
10069:Archived
10039:Archived
9968:Archived
9938:Archived
9917:6 August
9872:6 August
9850:6 August
9822:Archived
9793:Archived
9720:Archived
9688:Archived
9659:Archived
9591:Archived
9561:Archived
9557:33664728
9514:Archived
9435:Archived
9406:Archived
9351:archived
9344:Archived
9289:Archived
9216:Archived
9190:Archived
9165:Archived
9140:Archived
9108:Archived
9084:23 March
9078:Archived
9039:Archived
8929:, p. 119
8778:(1975).
8756:23 March
8750:Archived
8711:23 March
8705:Archived
8640:Archived
8615:Archived
8590:Archived
8511:Archived
8458:Archived
8317:Archived
8298:(1905),
8282:(1855),
8256:Archived
8207:Archived
8082:Archived
7941:Archived
7897:45228113
7867:Dialogue
7861:(1987).
7803:Archived
7759:Archived
7732:Archived
7697:Archived
7617:Archived
7589:30473917
7537:Archived
7507:Archived
7486:Archived
7458:Archived
7417:Archived
7394:Archived
7367:Archived
7347:45228320
7319:Dialogue
7310:(1994).
7278:45226184
7248:Dialogue
7242:(1996).
7205:18 April
7199:Archived
7081:Archived
7052:time.com
7012:14 April
7006:Archived
6904:, ch. 20
6836:28 April
6803:Archived
6782:De Wette
6722:Michelet
6709:De Wette
6690:Archived
6628:Archived
6561:Archived
6530:Archived
6500:Archived
6408:2726337M
6400:14069840
6392:86-20128
6269:Archived
6248:20453016
6191:Archived
6168:31539367
6107:12 March
6073:12 March
6067:Archived
6049:(1999).
6025:Archived
6021:16530399
6013:25910380
6005:44281912
5962:15317874
5921:22902112
5870:46804812
5862:12207054
5819:11932733
5762:Archived
5731:Archived
5486:Archived
5482:17048791
5404:Archived
5332:27 April
5277:Archived
5119:Archived
5036:Archived
5014:22271782
4949:Archived
4924:23 March
4918:Archived
4787:Archived
4711:Archived
4699:12962309
4637:Archived
4614:16464327
4606:25254093
4439:19403194
4223:25267298
4169:Archived
4166:Monogamy
4099:Archived
4071:Archived
4027:Archived
3994:Archived
3973:Archived
3961:22688804
3884:Archived
3846:Archived
3778:Archived
3651:Polygyny
3572:See also
3336:De facto
3323:de facto
3309:de facto
3304:marriage
3274:(FLDS).
3153:—
3135:—
3117:monogamy
3107:Xwedodah
3095:halachic
3087:pilegesh
3015:such as
2955:Pilegesh
2939:Malaysia
2851:Muhammad
2838:—
2805:—
2780:—
2777:reflect.
2714:Brahmana
2703:and the
2689:and the
2656:Brāhmaṇa
2621:and the
2618:Ramayana
2601:Hinduism
2420:Congress
2416:platform
2414:'s 1856
2365:Illinois
2196:Case law
1951:anathema
1936:God-soul
1924:subiecta
1876:St Peter
1838:adultery
1740:monogamy
1705:monogamy
1645:Buddhism
1640:Buddhism
1572:marriage
1551:ex‑child
1469:Tibetans
1375:sororate
1356:workload
1237:sharīʿah
1227:and the
1161:Polygyny
1155:Polygyny
1136:Polygyny
1104:celibate
1078:polygamy
980:de facto
976:adultery
963:de facto
958:monogamy
947:polygamy
927:polygyny
915:marrying
897:Polygamy
645:Feminist
636:in India
576:Sudanese
571:Hawaiian
551:Iroquois
542:By group
493:Neolocal
477:Extended
397:Cognatic
342:Sororate
337:Levirate
297:Polygamy
292:Polygyny
287:Monogamy
272:Endogamy
262:Marriage
252:Affinity
206:a series
204:Part of
32:Polygyny
12711:Walking
12670:Sexless
12554:Exogamy
12492:Plaçage
12298:Germany
12251:Wedding
12215:Shotgun
12050:Vivaaha
12025:Natural
11984:Islamic
11851:Plaçage
11719:Sealing
11589:By type
11479:Vietnam
11454:Tunisia
11364:Eritrea
11344:Burundi
11296:Nigeria
11286:Namibia
11263:Liberia
11258:Lesotho
11254:Lebanon
11162:Nigeria
11107:Somalia
11100:Senegal
11080:Myanmar
11075:Morocco
10997:Comoros
10964:Bahrain
10959:Algeria
10940:legally
10729:506–517
10154:Reuters
9890:or the
9828:20 July
9381:11 June
9355:Haaretz
9316:Haaretz
8286:, p.59.
7757:. CNN.
7533:Findlaw
7376:22 June
6990:, ch. 7
6933:, I,9.8
6926:, ch.17
6344:20 June
6239:2944028
6197:28 June
6159:6774570
6031:28 June
5913:7266658
5893:Bibcode
5827:4388134
5797:Bibcode
5768:28 June
5737:28 June
5727:2743506
5529:2844434
5400:3773200
5005:3260845
4783:HISTORY
4779:"Islam"
4707:2673314
4679:Bibcode
4643:30 June
4597:4174254
4447:5935377
4430:3096780
4401:Bibcode
4195:Bibcode
3969:2008559
3819:at the
3696:Polyday
3218:Muslims
3076:Morocco
3064:Bedouin
3048:Mizrahi
2949:Judaism
2943:Morocco
2887:Albania
2883:Tunisia
2855:Khadija
2819:divorce
2668:Vaishya
2608:Rigveda
2410:of the
1992:of the
1753:In the
1653:secular
1539:alimony
1501:midwife
1466:nomadic
1306:savanna
1247:: الله
1221:Islamic
1187:Prince
1100:virgins
1022:Nigeria
943:zoology
919:spouses
654:Chambri
622:Chinese
617:Burmese
498:Nuclear
385:Descent
368:Fictive
277:Exogamy
247:Lineage
215:kinship
12752:Crimes
12643:Bigamy
12638:Plural
12520:Cousin
12347:Boston
12326:Yibbum
12293:France
12197:Raptio
12186:Forced
12056:Brahma
12017:Yibbum
11994:Misyar
11972:Quaker
11967:Mormon
11940:Jewish
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