6549:
5287:
3191:
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368:, Sergius ordered both men to be strangled in prison some time in early 904. That both men were murdered during Sergius' pontificate appears probable, although other accounts state that Christopher at least was allowed to retire to a monastery. Given where the real power lay, it seems more likely that either Theophylact gave the orders directly, or that he directed Sergius to give the orders. For the remainder of his pontificate, Sergius
6561:
5276:
733:
747:
680:, writing in the 16th century, and basing himself on Liutprand, was particularly scathing, describing Sergius as: "a wretch, worthy of the rope and of fire... flames could not have caused this execrable monster to suffer the punishments which he merited. It is impossible to believe that such a pope was a lawful one." The reality is that when Sergius was forcibly exiled by
719:
615:
in 909. The question of whether
Theophylact and Theodora needed to tie Sergius to them by such means, particularly when Sergius was already deeply indebted to them for his elevation to the papacy, as well as wasting Marozia in a relationship when, as the daughter of an important house, she would have
706:
could say of him was: "That
Sergius, who remained Pope throughout the storms of seven years, was at least a man of energy must be admitted, although apostolic virtues are scarcely to be looked for in a character such as his". James S. Packer described him as malignant and ferocious, slaughtering his
694:
states the following concerning the alleged illicit relationship of Pope
Sergius III with Marozia: "that he put his two predecessors to death, and by illicit relations with Marozia had a son, who was afterwards John XI, must be regarded as highly doubtful. These assertions are only made by bitter or
388:
ordained by
Formosus to be reordained. It was alleged that Sergius managed to get the consent of the Roman clergy at the synod by threatening them with exile, violence or through the use of bribery. The decision to require reordination was very unpopular, and those affected at sees distant from Rome
346:
in 902. Putting himself at the head of a faction of the nobility, Theophylact revolted against
Christopher and asked Sergius to return to Rome to become pope. Sergius accepted, and with the armed backing of Adalbert II, he entered Rome, by which stage Christopher had already been cast into prison by
213:
Sergius III today is largely seen as an unscrupulous character as contemporary records had included a number of accusations against him; Sergius III had reputedly ordered the murder of his two immediate predecessors, Leo V and
Christopher, and allegedly fathered an illegitimate son who later became
567:
to
Constantinople, who confirmed the pope's ruling in favour of the emperor, on the grounds that fourth marriages had not been condemned by the Church as a whole. Nicholas' refusal to accept this ruling saw him deposed by Leo VI, upon which he too appealed to Sergius, claiming his deposition was
356:, the principal official at the top of papal patronage in control of the disbursements, and thus of patronage. All real power now devolved onto Theophylact, and Sergius essentially became his puppet. Perhaps the first clear sign of this shift in power was the fate of Sergius' two predecessors,
277:) in 893, apparently in order to remove him from Rome. Sergius ceased to act as Bishop of Caere with the death of Formosus in 896, as all of the ordinations conferred by Formosus were declared null and void, although Formosus' ordination of Sergius was later reconfirmed by
456:, which had been shattered by an earthquake in 896, and then stripped of its treasures by the Antipope Christopher. Sergius refurbished it with objects, images and crucifixes, and decorated its newly built walls with frescos. In 905 he provided funds to the
408:
on
Stephen VI's tombstone. For centuries it was believed that Sergius then had the much-abused corpse of Formosus exhumed once more, tried, found guilty again, and beheaded, thus in effect conducting a second Cadaver Synod. However, the source for this was
432:
and
Adalbert II of Tuscany, both of whom had been supporters of Sergius, but were unhappy with his decision to support Berengar. Nevertheless, Berengar's unwillingness to control his vassals also contributed to the papal reluctance; when Albuinus, the
520:
are still vigorous in the East, errors which teach that the Holy Spirit proceeds not from the Son but from the Father only we exhort you venerable brethren, together with us, in accordance with the admonition of the ruler of the
389:
not only ignored the synod's instructions but wrote letters both condemning the revoking of ordinations and justifying the validity of the original ordinations. The ruling was subsequently reversed again after his death.
616:
been a valuable tool to link via marriage to another noble house, is open to debate. The birth of the future John XI in 910, after her marriage to
Alberic, would seem to indicate that Sergius was not the father.
600:, both of whom were exact contemporaries of Sergius, and both of whom were hostile towards Sergius for his attacks on Formosus, mention this allegation at all. The highly reliable chronicler
656:, or dark century. Similarly 19th-century Protestant historians saw this period as a "pornocracy", or "rule of the harlots", a reversal of the natural order as they saw it, according to
3963:
3800:
230:
Sergius was the son of Benedictus, and traditionally was believed descended from a noble Roman family, although it has been speculated that he was in fact related to the family of
449:
in 910, making it clear that: "he would never bestow the (imperial) crown on Berenger till he promised to take the (Istrian) March from Albuinus, and give it to some better man."
6337:
181:. Sergius' reign was subsequently marked by Theophylact's influence. As pope, Sergius continued many ecclesiastical controversies of his predecessors, including conflict over
707:
enemies with a private army, while Walter Ullmann described Sergius as a typical representative of the House of Theophylact, concerned with power and sexual liaisons.
457:
6226:
3555:
525:, after a careful study of the works of the Fathers, to draw from the quiver of Holy Writ arrows sharp enough to slay the monster which is again springing into life.
5323:
4970:
684:, all the official records were destroyed; consequently, most of the surviving documentation about Sergius comes from his pro-Formosan opponents who had fled to
6533:
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3585:
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Much of Sergius' pontificate has been maligned throughout history, principally through the reporting of his character and the state of Rome at the time by
576:
Sergius' ties with the family of Theophylact were made even closer, at least according to rumour, by Sergius' supposed affair with Theophylact's daughter,
3988:
5877:
5357:
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3139:
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With the death of Theodore in 898, Sergius, with a small following of Roman nobility led by his father Benedictus, attempted to have himself elected
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304:(898–900), was also elected. With Lambert's support, John was successfully installed as pope, and one of his first acts was to convene a
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5128:
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controversy with eastern patriarchs. His pontificate was similarly marked by temporal conflicts, with Sergius' refusal to crown
5739:
5681:
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534:
5107:
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666:, whom Liutprand characterized as a "shameless whore... exercised power on the Roman citizenry like a man" and her daughter
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4744:
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169:, when warring aristocratic factions sought to use the material and military resources of the papacy. At the behest of
5581:
4727:
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1224:
445:, in 907, Sergius had written to Albuinus asking for him to desist. When Sergius was ignored, the pope wrote to the
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702:, "Sergius was, unfortunately, a pronounced party-man, and anxious for the supremacy of his party". The best that
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and a later chronicler who was also biased against Sergius III. This "pornocracy" was an age with women in power:
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424:. On the one occasion that Sergius agreed to crown Berengar in around 906, Berengar was prevented from reaching
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135:
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Sergius III owed his rise to the power of his new patron Theophylact, and rewarded him with the position of
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1409:
The Lives of the Popes in the Early Middle Ages, Vol. IV: The Popes in the Days of Feudal Anarchy, 891–999
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ill-informed adversaries, and are inconsistent with what is said of him by respectable contemporaries."
611:
The affair, while not an impossibility, would certainly not have persisted beyond Marozia's marriage to
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5420:
5070:
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4174:
4140:
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5467:
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4877:
4827:
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231:
170:
413:, who mistakenly placed the cadaver synod in the pontificate of Sergius III, instead of Stephen VI.
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that presented itself during Sergius' pontificate was the question over the fourth marriage of the
1384:
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and members of his aristocratic party to positions of authority and prominence within the church.
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The Lives of the Popes From The Time Of Our Saviour Jesus Christ to the Accession of Gregory VII
899:
The Lives of the Popes From The Time Of Our Saviour Jesus Christ to the Accession of Gregory VII
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1389:
A Complete History of the Popes of Rome, from Saint Peter, the First Bishop to Pius the Ninth
703:
690:
646:
628:. He was buried in the Church of St. Peter, between the Silver gate and the gate of Ravenna.
501:
442:
392:
Confirming his continued support of the anti-Formosus faction, Sergius honoured the murdered
262:
6322:
496:, which was at odds with the position of the eastern church. Papal legates who attended the
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6358:
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612:
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329:
174:
8:
6606:
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6277:
6267:
6216:
6074:
6060:
5920:
5662:
5425:
5178:
5080:
4873:
4857:
4377:
4287:
3738:
3682:
3630:
3531:
3493:
2848:
2231:
1513:
1490:
897:
738:
663:
625:
581:
421:
416:
Although neither Sergius nor Theophylact supported the continued nominal rule of Emperor
266:
192:
698:
Nevertheless, most modern opinions about Sergius' pontificate remain poor. According to
512:
As the Holy Apostolic See has made known to us that the blasphemous errors of a certain
420:, they were somewhat unwilling to grant the imperial title to the only other contender,
222:
has been variously described as "dismal and disgraceful", and "efficient and ruthless".
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5822:
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5628:
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5198:
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3309:
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3127:
3121:
3016:
2868:
2863:
2828:
2697:
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2597:
2496:
2471:
2461:
2361:
2346:
1870:
1598:
1591:
893:
681:
658:
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593:
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365:
312:
Sergius and his followers. Sergius was then forcibly exiled by Lambert, fleeing to his
259:
196:
6131:
6511:
6416:
6191:
6177:
6151:
6136:
6040:
6025:
5955:
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5647:
5611:
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5158:
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Almost a century later, this decision led to the removal of Sergius's name from the
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2727:
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2592:
2587:
2582:
2532:
2491:
2441:
2436:
2426:
2406:
2396:
2356:
2301:
2276:
2251:
2216:
2206:
2191:
2090:
2070:
2060:
2025:
1960:
1955:
1935:
1895:
1835:
1774:
1759:
1754:
1689:
1674:
1649:
1639:
724:
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and reputed to be the mistress of Sergius III, largely upon a remark by Liutprand.
552:
469:
338:
4260:
342:
Theophylact of Tusculum, who had been stationed at Rome by the retreating Emperor
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6126:
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2522:
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2156:
2141:
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1985:
1970:
1965:
1930:
1920:
1905:
1865:
1855:
1840:
1830:
1820:
1684:
1629:
1533:
1464:
868:
677:
641:
548:
465:
417:
393:
343:
297:
293:
270:
203:
47:
1345:
Saints, Sinners, and Christian History: The Contradictions of the Christian Past
1267:
Unzipped: The Popes Bare All: A Frank Study of Sex and Corruption in the Vatican
640:. His recounting of the period has led sixteenth-century cardinal and historian
265:, who was the opponent of Formosus and the pope's preferred imperial candidate,
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3430:
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3195:
3151:
3133:
3102:
3096:
3088:
3082:
3076:
2908:
2838:
2772:
2722:
2712:
2692:
2667:
2612:
2607:
2577:
2552:
2481:
2466:
2451:
2386:
2331:
2321:
2296:
2181:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2055:
2040:
1975:
1940:
1910:
1880:
1875:
1860:
1794:
1769:
1744:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1714:
1634:
1624:
1506:
1498:
752:
541:
453:
446:
251:
243:
207:
154:
83:
37:
5715:
6580:
6406:
6332:
6298:
6282:
6242:
5925:
5900:
5676:
5586:
5571:
5493:
5065:
5025:
4910:
4832:
4817:
4666:
4627:
4433:
4317:
4114:
3783:
3498:
2943:
2923:
2898:
2767:
2732:
2707:
2662:
2642:
2567:
2562:
2542:
2416:
2351:
2311:
2291:
2281:
2186:
2095:
2050:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1945:
1925:
1915:
1890:
1850:
1799:
1789:
1784:
1764:
1719:
1679:
1664:
1644:
1586:
1544:
1440:
1308:
1159:
760:
564:
401:
397:
313:
309:
282:
255:
182:
166:
25:
6516:
6391:
6247:
6211:
5950:
5872:
5716:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5440:
5040:
4975:
4905:
4895:
4822:
4722:
4691:
4467:
4416:
4184:
4126:
4023:
3794:
3711:
3667:
3662:
3652:
3463:
3390:
3157:
2973:
2953:
2938:
2918:
2903:
2893:
2752:
2747:
2687:
2682:
2632:
2316:
2261:
2256:
2211:
2201:
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2075:
2045:
1980:
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1825:
1739:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1654:
671:
585:
493:
477:
473:
301:
215:
158:
110:
592:, writing some 50 years after the events of Sergius' pontificate. Neither
6317:
6146:
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6096:
6069:
6056:
5965:
5867:
5554:
5236:
5092:
4965:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4920:
4222:
4157:
4013:
3938:
3916:
3764:
3526:
3488:
2928:
2808:
2803:
2757:
2381:
2246:
2241:
2146:
2085:
2030:
2020:
2015:
1885:
1709:
1659:
1614:
438:
352:
333:
219:
472:, and finally he granted privileges to some monasteries and churches in
6101:
5686:
4930:
4925:
4749:
4676:
4292:
4212:
3843:
3042:
2717:
2236:
2221:
2035:
2010:
1845:
1749:
1669:
1619:
1561:
1473:
517:
381:
357:
178:
73:
5035:
5030:
5000:
4696:
4459:
4443:
4428:
4272:
4162:
4040:
4030:
3898:
3677:
1779:
1244:
522:
274:
247:
239:
1450:
Lindsay Brook, "Popes and pornocrats: Rome in the Early Middle Ages"
588:(931–935). The only source of this alleged affair is the chronicler
584:, and the result of this affair was a male child who in time became
258:(891–896), he was a member of the party of nobles who supported the
6560:
5915:
5669:
5657:
5275:
5183:
5010:
4109:
3478:
1581:
1188:
The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, with Notes
601:
489:
369:
361:
316:
at Caere, where he placed himself under the protection of Margrave
235:
187:
185:' legacy, annulling all ordinations made by the late pope, and the
3219:
347:
Theophylact. Sergius was then consecrated pope on 29 January 904.
336:
by force, circumstances had changed at Rome, with the rise of the
6172:
5786:
5408:
4980:
3818:
3692:
3635:
902:. Vol. I. London: Griffith Farran & Co. pp. 243–244
732:
667:
577:
530:
513:
461:
405:
6338:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
5781:
5691:
5596:
5133:
4438:
4423:
4367:
4334:
1239:
Paolo Squatriti, "Pornocracy", in Christopher Kleinhenz (ed.),
685:
605:
385:
1456:
Opera Omnia by Migne Patrologia Latina with analytical indexes
1391:. Vol. 1. Philadelphia: James L. Gihon. pp. 281–283.
5231:
4399:
4363:
305:
300:. Although Sergius was actually elected, a rival candidate,
206:'s fourth marriage. Sergius also saw the restoration of the
4404:
4123:
1529:
1480:
1385:"Sergius the third, the one hundred and twenty-fourth pope"
504:
position, which the synod then condemned in the fourteenth
425:
289:
162:
106:
6227:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
1212:
Church history: twenty centuries of Catholic Christianity
380:
Pope Sergius III convoked a synod which annulled all the
1036:
Mann, pgs. 114–116; & 138; Gregorovius, pgs. 252–254
488:
Sergius, like his predecessors, continued to defend the
624:
Sergius III died on 14 April 911, and was succeeded by
1376:
Keepers of the Keys of Heaven: A History of the Papacy
580:. This relationship was promoted by Marozia's mother,
6258:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
1264:
714:
1168:. Vol. XIII. New York: Robert Appleton Company
862:"The Cadaver Synod: The Strangest Trial in History"
5331:
1406:
400:" that had condemned and mutilated the corpse of
6578:
6328:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
1528:
1358:A Short History of the Papacy in the Middle Ages
483:
281:. He also actively participated in the farcical
1398:History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages
1208:
571:
5317:
3235:
1514:
1103:Mann, pgs. 134–136; Gregorovius, pgs. 245–246
608:was often heavily biased against the papacy.
396:(896–897), who had been responsible for the "
6622:People excommunicated by the Catholic Church
840:A History of the Byzantine State and Society
464:raid. He also helped with the rebuilding of
285:that condemned the pontificate of Formosus.
165:during a period of violence and disorder in
1395:
1382:
1054:Mann, pgs. 122–125; DeCormenin pgs. 282–283
834:
832:
364:Christopher. According to the pro-Formosan
16:Head of the Catholic Church from 904 to 911
6343:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
6293:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
5324:
5310:
5164:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
3242:
3228:
1521:
1507:
822:
820:
810:
808:
798:
796:
786:
784:
1269:. Austin, Texas: American Atheist Press.
1233:
161:from 29 January 904 to his death. He was
1139:Gregorovius, pgs. 244–245; Mann, pg. 137
829:
551:. Both the emperor, who wanted to marry
225:
1452:offers some more specific documentation
1417:
1373:
1258:
1215:. Mahwah, USA.: Paulist Press. p.
892:
817:
805:
793:
781:
173:, Sergius seized the papal throne from
6579:
3623:
535:Patriarch Sergius II of Constantinople
468:, which had suffered attacks from the
246:, followed by his being raised to the
5305:
3223:
1502:
563:, appealed to Sergius; the pope sent
1404:
1157:
375:
6197:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
3249:
437:, began taking papal territory off
13:
5752:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
790:Mann, pg. 113; DeCormenin, pg. 281
269:. Formosus consecrated Sergius as
14:
6638:
1428:
1383:De Cormenin, Louis Marie (1857).
460:, which had been devastated by a
6559:
6547:
5878:Fourth Council of Constantinople
5833:Second Council of Constantinople
5286:
5285:
5274:
5242:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
4790:Criticism of the Catholic Church
3201:
3190:
3189:
745:
731:
717:
6627:Roman Catholic Clergy sexuality
6612:Burials at St. Peter's Basilica
5848:Third Council of Constantinople
5772:First Council of Constantinople
3409:First seven ecumenical councils
1396:Gregorovius, Ferdinand (1895).
1350:
1337:
1328:
1319:
1301:
1292:
1283:
1243:, Vol. 2 (New York and London:
1241:Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia
1202:
1193:
1186:Gibbon, Edward, Milman, H. H.,
1180:
1151:
1142:
1133:
1124:
1115:
1106:
1097:
1088:
1079:
1066:
1057:
1048:
1039:
1030:
1021:
1008:
999:
990:
981:
972:
959:
950:
941:
932:
923:
914:
886:
6087:Dissolution of the monasteries
5353:History of the Catholic Church
3984:Separation of church and state
1265:Ide, Arthur Frederick (1987).
877:
854:
845:
772:
688:. Horace Mann, writing in the
540:However, the major issue with
332:(903–904) seized the chair of
323:
1:
5961:Fourth Council of the Lateran
5936:Second Council of the Lateran
5545:Apostles in the New Testament
1418:Norwich, John Julius (2011).
1366:
484:Relations with Constantinople
384:of Formosus and required all
147:
98:
6075:Catholic Counter-Reformation
5941:Third Council of the Lateran
5931:First Council of the Lateran
5387:Catholic ecumenical councils
1158:Mann, Horace Kinder (1912).
292:, contrary to the wishes of
254:. During the pontificate of
7:
710:
572:Alleged affair with Marozia
557:patriarch of Constantinople
10:
6643:
5421:History of the Roman Curia
5281:Catholic Church portal
860:Wilkes. 31 October 2001. "
177:, who in turn had deposed
136:Other popes named Sergius
6542:
6442:
6308:
6235:
6170:
6157:European wars of religion
6054:
5989:
5891:
5813:
5704:
5627:
5487:
5476:
5468:Eastern Catholic Churches
5343:
5269:
5207:Aid to the Church in Need
5197:
5054:
4867:
4828:Vatican Television Center
4803:
4713:
4603:
4473:Eastern Catholic Churches
4454:
4343:
4236:
4183:
4108:
4079:
4004:
3929:
3864:
3809:
3728:
3598:
3512:
3444:
3389:
3308:
3285:
3257:
3185:
3112:
3052:
2991:
2982:
2796:
2510:
2109:
1813:
1607:
1540:
1487:
1478:
1470:
1463:
1165:The Catholic Encyclopedia
1045:Gregorovius, pgs. 243–244
631:
500:in June 909 attacked the
404:, by writing a laudatory
353:sacri palatii vestararius
232:Theophylact I of Tusculum
171:Theophylact I of Tusculum
157:and nominal ruler of the
134:
117:
94:
89:
79:
69:
61:
53:
43:
36:
23:
6288:Mary of the Divine Heart
5911:Clash against the empire
5863:Second Council of Nicaea
5757:Old St. Peter's Basilica
5149:Communion and Liberation
4613:Eastern Catholic liturgy
3778:Mystici Corporis Christi
3706:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
1405:Mann, Horace K. (1910).
766:
619:
153:− 14 April 911) was the
6597:9th-century archbishops
6554:Vatican City portal
5906:Investiture Controversy
5762:First Council of Nicaea
3964:Philosophy of canon law
3894:Mariology of the saints
3474:Investiture Controversy
3003:During the Roman Empire
1374:Collins, Roger (2010).
1209:Dwyer, John C. (1998).
1063:Mann, pgs. 83 & 121
947:Mann, pgs. 81 & 120
492:interpolation into the
458:Church of Silva Candida
6566:Catholicism portal
6377:Second Vatican Council
6263:Our Lady of La Salette
6070:Protestant Reformation
6057:Protestant Reformation
5976:Second Council of Lyon
5365:Ecclesiastical history
5217:Catholic Charities USA
4851:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
4839:Vatican Polyglot Press
3889:Mariology of the popes
3527:Protestant Reformation
3208:Catholic Church Portal
3068:Conflicts with the HRE
1465:Catholic Church titles
1190:Vol. 3 (1841), pg. 518
1076:Vol. I (1888), pg. 243
527:
318:Adalbert II of Tuscany
6273:First Vatican Council
5971:First Council of Lyon
5735:Constantine the Great
5431:Christian monasticism
4971:Good Shepherd Sisters
4813:Holy See Press Office
4051:Doctors of the Church
3884:Immaculate Conception
3839:Anointing of the Sick
3374:History of the papacy
2984:History of the papacy
1442:Catholic Encyclopedia
1311:Catholic Encyclopedia
1247:, 2004), pp. 926–27.
1072:Platina, Bartolomeo,
778:Collins, pgs. 174–175
704:Ferdinand Gregorovius
691:Catholic Encyclopedia
647:Annales Ecclesiastici
510:
443:archbishop of Ravenna
226:Early life and career
199:, and his support of
6450:Sexual abuse scandal
6359:Mit brennender Sorge
6202:Age of Enlightenment
5981:Bernard of Clairvaux
5858:Byzantine Iconoclasm
5797:Council of Chalcedon
5577:Council of Jerusalem
5446:Role in civilization
5426:Religious institutes
5358:By country or region
4844:L'Osservatore Romano
4782:Role in civilisation
4508:Croatian and Serbian
4256:Episcopal conference
4218:St. Peter's Basilica
3576:Sexual abuse scandal
3532:Catholic Reformation
3146:Revolutionary Papacy
3140:Age of Enlightenment
1420:The Popes: A History
1334:Gregorovius, pg. 245
1027:Gregorovius, pg. 243
1014:Eugenius Vulgarius,
967:The Popes: A History
638:Liutprand of Cremona
613:Alberic I of Spoleto
590:Liutprand of Cremona
452:Sergius rebuilt the
430:Alberic I of Spoleto
411:Liutprand of Cremona
330:Antipope Christopher
175:Antipope Christopher
6278:Papal infallibility
6268:Our Lady of Lourdes
6217:Shimabara Rebellion
6061:Counter-Reformation
5179:Neocatechumenal Way
5144:Charismatic Renewal
4858:Annuario Pontificio
4456:Particular churches
4132:Ecumenical councils
3904:Perpetual virginity
3739:Communitas perfecta
3683:Sermon on the Mount
2993:Antiquity and Early
2797:17th–21st centuries
2511:13th–16th centuries
1313:: Pope Sergius III"
1289:DeCormenin, pg. 282
1016:De Causa Formosiana
894:Platina, Bartolomeo
867:10 May 2007 at the
739:Christianity portal
626:Pope Anastasius III
422:Berengar I of Italy
370:promoted his family
267:Arnulf of Carinthia
193:Berengar I of Italy
6617:10th-century popes
6323:Our Lady of Fátima
6112:Ignatius of Loyola
6036:Catherine of Siena
6004:Pope Boniface VIII
5823:Benedict of Nursia
5792:Council of Ephesus
5629:Ante-Nicene period
5582:Split with Judaism
5416:Crusading movement
5016:Premonstratensians
3399:Ante-Nicene period
3277:Lists of Catholics
3128:Reformation Papacy
3122:Renaissance Papacy
3064:(1012–1044 / 1048)
3017:Ostrogothic Papacy
2110:9th–12th centuries
1437:: Pope Sergius III
1435:Catholic Forum.com
1343:Packer, James, S.
1199:Mann, pgs. 141–142
1148:Mann, pgs. 137–139
1130:Mann, pgs. 130–131
1121:Mann, pgs. 128–129
1112:Mann, pgs. 127–128
1094:Mann, pgs. 126–127
965:Norwich, John J.,
938:Mann, pgs. 119–120
851:Mann, pgs. 134–136
838:Treadgold, Warren
682:Lambert of Spoleto
659:Liber pontificalis
598:Eugenius Vulgarius
594:Auxilius of Naples
435:margrave of Istria
366:Eugenius Vulgarius
197:Holy Roman Emperor
130:Rome, Papal States
6574:
6573:
6534:COVID-19 pandemic
6512:Pope Benedict XVI
6417:Pope John Paul II
6192:Pope Benedict XIV
6178:French Revolution
6162:Thirty Years' War
6152:Robert Bellarmine
6137:John of the Cross
6041:Pope Alexander VI
6026:Council of Vienne
5956:Francis of Assisi
5946:Pope Innocent III
5815:Early Middle Ages
5809:
5808:
5805:
5804:
5747:Arian controversy
5700:
5699:
5648:Apostolic Fathers
5299:
5298:
4709:
4708:
4102:
3925:
3924:
3617:
3594:
3593:
3586:COVID-19 pandemic
3556:French Revolution
3546:Thirty Years' War
3454:Islamic conquests
3367:Apostolic fathers
3302:
3217:
3216:
3181:
3180:
3073:Wandering Papacy
3036:Saeculum obscurum
3009:Under Constantine
1814:5th–8th centuries
1608:1st–4th centuries
1592:papal resignation
1497:
1496:
1488:Succeeded by
1356:Ullmann, Walter,
1253:978-1-1380-6331-0
872:Flagpole Magazine
653:Saeculum obscurum
561:Nicholas Mystikos
546:Byzantine Emperor
428:by the forces of
376:Activity in Italy
201:Byzantine Emperor
141:
140:
6634:
6564:
6563:
6552:
6551:
6550:
6529:Patriarch Kirill
6402:Pope John Paul I
6207:Anti-clericalism
6187:Pope Innocent XI
6107:Society of Jesus
6092:Council of Trent
6046:Age of Discovery
5991:Late Middle Ages
5893:High Middle Ages
5883:East–West Schism
5767:Pope Sylvester I
5713:
5712:
5702:
5701:
5612:General epistles
5607:Pauline epistles
5540:John the Baptist
5523:Great Commission
5485:
5484:
5436:Catholic culture
5326:
5319:
5312:
5303:
5302:
5289:
5288:
5279:
5278:
5021:Redemptoristines
4869:Religious orders
4795:Anti-Catholicism
4745:Church buildings
4605:Catholic liturgy
4345:Consecrated life
4203:Apostolic Palace
4170:Synod of Bishops
4106:
4105:
4082:
3688:Ten Commandments
3621:
3620:
3603:
3504:Age of Discovery
3338:Great Commission
3306:
3305:
3290:
3244:
3237:
3230:
3221:
3220:
3205:
3193:
3192:
3113:Early Modern and
3023:Byzantine Papacy
2989:
2988:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1500:
1499:
1471:Preceded by
1461:
1460:
1446:Pope Sergius III
1423:
1414:
1412:
1401:
1400:. Vol. III.
1392:
1379:
1361:
1354:
1348:
1341:
1335:
1332:
1326:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1305:
1299:
1298:Collins, pg. 174
1296:
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1287:
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1034:
1028:
1025:
1019:
1012:
1006:
1003:
997:
994:
988:
985:
979:
978:Mann, pgs. 92–93
976:
970:
963:
957:
954:
948:
945:
939:
936:
930:
929:Mann, pgs. 51–53
927:
921:
918:
912:
911:
909:
907:
890:
884:
883:Collins, pg. 175
881:
875:
858:
852:
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800:
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749:
748:
741:
736:
735:
727:
725:Biography portal
722:
721:
720:
670:, the mother of
553:Zoe Karbonopsina
339:magister militum
328:By the time the
152:
149:
144:Pope Sergius III
127:
125:
103:
100:
90:Personal details
21:
20:
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6641:
6637:
6636:
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6633:
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6577:
6576:
6575:
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6558:
6548:
6546:
6538:
6460:World Youth Day
6438:
6427:World Youth Day
6371:Pacem in terris
6365:Pope John XXIII
6304:
6231:
6222:Edict of Nantes
6180:
6176:
6166:
6132:Teresa of Ávila
6127:Tridentine Mass
6063:
6059:
6050:
6031:Knights Templar
5985:
5887:
5843:Gregorian chant
5801:
5727:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5708:
5696:
5623:
5492:
5480:
5472:
5339:
5337:Catholic Church
5330:
5300:
5295:
5273:
5265:
5244:
5227:Relief Services
5193:
5139:Catholic Action
5129:Military orders
5066:Confraternities
5058:of the faithful
5057:
5050:
4872:
4863:
4799:
4705:
4599:
4458:
4450:
4383:Prior, Prioress
4339:
4232:
4228:Vatican Museums
4179:
4112:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4086:
4081:
4075:
4000:
3954:Social teaching
3921:
3860:
3805:
3760:One true church
3724:
3701:Sixtine Vulgate
3697:Official Bible
3611:
3607:
3602:
3590:
3508:
3440:
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3355:Petrine primacy
3298:
3294:
3289:
3281:
3253:
3251:Catholic Church
3248:
3218:
3213:
3177:
3160:(1929–present)
3114:
3108:
3062:Tusculan Papacy
3054:
3048:
3029:Frankish Papacy
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2792:
2506:
2105:
1809:
1603:
1536:
1534:Catholic Church
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1369:
1364:
1360:(2003), pg. 113
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1347:(2008), pg. 162
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869:Wayback Machine
859:
855:
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846:
842:(1997), pg. 468
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746:
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723:
718:
716:
713:
678:Caesar Baronius
650:to call it the
642:Caesar Baronius
634:
622:
574:
549:Leo VI the Wise
498:Synod of Trosle
486:
466:Nonantola Abbey
418:Louis the Blind
394:Pope Stephen VI
378:
344:Louis the Blind
326:
298:duke of Spoleto
296:, who was also
294:Emperor Lambert
271:Bishop of Caere
228:
204:Leo VI the Wise
150:
129:
123:
121:
113:
104:
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48:Catholic Church
32:
29:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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6362:
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6348:Lateran Treaty
6345:
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6312:
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6173:Baroque period
6171:
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6164:
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6154:
6149:
6144:
6142:Peter Canisius
6139:
6134:
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6117:Francis Xavier
6114:
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6081:Exsurge Domine
6077:
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6064:
6055:
6052:
6051:
6049:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6021:Pope Clement V
6018:
6017:
6016:
6014:Avignon Papacy
6009:Western Schism
6006:
6001:
5999:Thomas Aquinas
5995:
5993:
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5853:Saint Boniface
5850:
5845:
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5838:Pope Gregory I
5835:
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5810:
5807:
5806:
5803:
5802:
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5794:
5789:
5784:
5779:
5777:Biblical canon
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5743:
5742:
5731:
5729:
5710:
5706:Late antiquity
5698:
5697:
5695:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5673:
5672:
5667:
5666:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5653:Pope Clement I
5643:Church Fathers
5640:
5634:
5632:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5621:
5620:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5568:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5526:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5499:
5497:
5482:
5474:
5473:
5471:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5449:
5448:
5443:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5412:
5411:
5406:
5404:Biblical canon
5399:Catholic Bible
5396:
5395:
5394:
5384:
5383:
5382:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5361:
5360:
5349:
5347:
5341:
5340:
5329:
5328:
5321:
5314:
5306:
5297:
5296:
5294:
5293:
5283:
5270:
5267:
5266:
5264:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5245:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5203:
5201:
5195:
5194:
5192:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5174:Legion of Mary
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5125:
5124:
5123:
5122:
5112:
5111:
5110:
5103:Lay Carmelites
5100:
5090:
5089:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5062:
5060:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4951:Conceptionists
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4886:Assumptionists
4882:
4880:
4865:
4864:
4862:
4861:
4854:
4847:
4840:
4837:
4836:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4815:
4809:
4807:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4753:
4752:
4742:
4737:
4732:
4731:
4730:
4719:
4717:
4711:
4710:
4707:
4706:
4704:
4703:
4702:
4701:
4700:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4654:
4653:
4652:
4651:
4650:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4609:
4607:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4596:
4595:
4590:
4588:Syro-Malankara
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4538:Italo-Albanian
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4470:
4464:
4462:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4447:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4426:
4421:
4420:
4419:
4409:
4408:
4407:
4402:
4392:
4387:
4386:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4356:
4349:
4347:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4321:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4265:
4264:
4263:
4258:
4247:
4245:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4208:Lateran Treaty
4205:
4200:
4195:
4189:
4187:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4166:
4165:
4155:
4154:
4153:
4148:
4134:
4129:
4120:
4118:
4103:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4021:
4010:
4008:
4002:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3997:
3996:
3991:
3981:
3980:
3979:
3969:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3944:Moral theology
3941:
3935:
3933:
3927:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3914:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3870:
3868:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3847:
3846:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3815:
3813:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3798:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3774:
3769:
3768:
3767:
3762:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3734:
3732:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3708:
3703:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3638:
3627:
3625:
3618:
3596:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3542:
3541:
3540:
3539:
3529:
3518:
3516:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3459:Pope Gregory I
3456:
3450:
3448:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3433:
3431:Biblical canon
3428:
3426:Late antiquity
3423:
3422:
3421:
3416:
3406:
3401:
3395:
3393:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3371:
3370:
3369:
3362:Church fathers
3359:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3314:
3312:
3303:
3296:Ecclesiastical
3283:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3247:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3224:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3199:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3167:
3155:
3152:Roman Question
3149:
3143:
3142:(c. 1640–1740)
3137:
3134:Baroque Papacy
3131:
3125:
3118:
3116:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3103:Western Schism
3100:
3097:Avignon Papacy
3094:
3093:
3092:
3086:
3080:
3071:
3065:
3058:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3043:Crescentii era
3040:
3032:
3026:
3020:
3014:
3013:
3012:
2999:
2997:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2849:Alexander VIII
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2232:Anastasius III
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1584:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1564:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1552:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1526:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1503:
1495:
1494:
1491:Anastasius III
1489:
1486:
1477:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1459:
1458:
1453:
1447:
1438:
1430:
1429:External links
1427:
1425:
1424:
1415:
1402:
1393:
1380:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1349:
1336:
1327:
1318:
1300:
1291:
1282:
1275:
1257:
1232:
1225:
1201:
1192:
1179:
1150:
1141:
1132:
1123:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1087:
1078:
1065:
1056:
1047:
1038:
1029:
1020:
1007:
998:
989:
980:
971:
969:(2011), pg. 74
958:
949:
940:
931:
922:
913:
885:
876:
853:
844:
828:
816:
804:
792:
780:
770:
768:
765:
764:
763:
757:
756:
753:History portal
742:
728:
712:
709:
700:Horace K. Mann
633:
630:
621:
618:
573:
570:
542:Constantinople
485:
482:
454:Lateran Palace
447:bishop of Pola
377:
374:
325:
322:
310:excommunicated
252:Pope Stephen V
244:Pope Marinus I
227:
224:
208:Lateran Palace
155:bishop of Rome
139:
138:
132:
131:
119:
115:
114:
105:
96:
92:
91:
87:
86:
84:Anastasius III
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
57:29 January 904
55:
51:
50:
45:
41:
40:
38:Bishop of Rome
34:
33:
30:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6639:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6592:Italian popes
6590:
6588:
6585:
6584:
6582:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6555:
6545:
6544:
6541:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6524:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6462:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6447:
6445:
6441:
6433:
6430:
6429:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6407:Mother Teresa
6405:
6403:
6400:
6397:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6372:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6360:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6333:Pope Pius XII
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6315:
6313:
6311:
6307:
6301:
6300:
6299:Rerum novarum
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6283:Pope Leo XIII
6281:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6253:United States
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6243:Pope Pius VII
6241:
6240:
6238:
6234:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6082:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6058:
6053:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6015:
6012:
6011:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5996:
5994:
5992:
5988:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5926:Scholasticism
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5901:Pope Urban II
5899:
5898:
5896:
5894:
5890:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5826:
5824:
5821:
5820:
5818:
5816:
5812:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5745:
5741:
5738:
5737:
5736:
5733:
5732:
5730:
5726:
5718:
5714:
5711:
5707:
5703:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5677:Justin Martyr
5675:
5671:
5668:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5650:
5649:
5646:
5645:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5626:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5589:
5588:
5587:New Testament
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5550:Commissioning
5548:
5547:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5504:
5501:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5494:Apostolic Age
5490:
5486:
5483:
5479:
5475:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5438:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5401:
5400:
5397:
5393:
5390:
5389:
5388:
5385:
5381:
5380:Papal primacy
5378:
5377:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5359:
5356:
5355:
5354:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5346:
5342:
5338:
5334:
5327:
5322:
5320:
5315:
5313:
5308:
5307:
5304:
5292:
5284:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5271:
5268:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5246:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5222:Home Missions
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5204:
5202:
5200:
5196:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5121:
5118:
5117:
5116:
5115:Saint Francis
5113:
5109:
5106:
5105:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5098:Saint Dominic
5096:
5095:
5094:
5091:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5068:
5067:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5059:
5053:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4911:Bethlehemites
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4879:
4875:
4870:
4866:
4860:
4859:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4848:
4846:
4845:
4841:
4838:
4834:
4833:Vatican Radio
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4820:
4819:
4818:Vatican Media
4816:
4814:
4811:
4810:
4808:
4806:
4802:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4751:
4748:
4747:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4729:
4726:
4725:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4716:
4712:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4679:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4658:
4655:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4614:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4606:
4602:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4461:
4457:
4453:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4431:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4413:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4397:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4360:
4357:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4346:
4342:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4270:
4269:
4266:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4239:
4235:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4186:
4182:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4164:
4161:
4160:
4159:
4156:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4143:
4142:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4122:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4115:List of popes
4111:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4089:
4085:
4078:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4009:
4007:
4003:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3982:
3978:
3975:
3974:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3932:
3928:
3918:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3899:Mother of God
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3867:
3863:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3808:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3784:People of God
3782:
3780:
3779:
3775:
3773:
3772:Infallibility
3770:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3714:
3713:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3648:Body and soul
3646:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3622:
3619:
3616:
3615:
3610:
3606:
3601:
3597:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3551:Enlightenment
3549:
3547:
3544:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3523:
3522:Protestantism
3520:
3519:
3517:
3515:
3511:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3499:Scholasticism
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3484:Schism (1378)
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3469:Schism (1054)
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3375:
3372:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3363:
3360:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3307:
3304:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3288:
3284:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3256:
3252:
3245:
3240:
3238:
3233:
3231:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3210:
3209:
3204:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3188:
3187:
3184:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3111:
3104:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3053:High and Late
3051:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3037:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2981:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2869:Benedict XIII
2867:
2865:
2864:Innocent XIII
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2829:Alexander VII
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2698:Innocent VIII
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2678:Callixtus III
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2598:Boniface VIII
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2497:Celestine III
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2472:Alexander III
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2462:Anastasius IV
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2362:Sylvester III
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2347:Benedict VIII
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1871:Anastasius II
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1606:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1587:Pope emeritus
1585:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1546:
1545:List of popes
1543:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1524:
1519:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1482:
1475:
1469:
1466:
1462:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1410:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1372:
1371:
1359:
1353:
1346:
1340:
1331:
1325:Mann, pg. 140
1322:
1314:
1312:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1278:
1276:0-910309-43-4
1272:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1236:
1228:
1226:0-8091-3830-1
1222:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1205:
1196:
1189:
1183:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1160:"Sergius III"
1154:
1145:
1136:
1127:
1118:
1109:
1100:
1091:
1082:
1075:
1069:
1060:
1051:
1042:
1033:
1024:
1017:
1011:
1005:Mann, pg. 121
1002:
996:Mann, pg. 120
993:
984:
975:
968:
962:
953:
944:
935:
926:
920:Mann, pg. 119
917:
901:
900:
895:
889:
880:
873:
870:
866:
863:
857:
848:
841:
835:
833:
826:Mann, pg. 127
823:
821:
814:Mann, pg. 130
811:
809:
802:Mann, pg. 122
799:
797:
787:
785:
775:
771:
762:
761:List of popes
759:
758:
754:
743:
740:
734:
729:
726:
715:
708:
705:
701:
696:
693:
692:
687:
683:
679:
675:
673:
669:
665:
661:
660:
655:
654:
649:
648:
643:
639:
629:
627:
617:
614:
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
569:
568:unjustified.
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
547:
543:
538:
536:
532:
526:
524:
519:
515:
509:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
481:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
450:
448:
444:
440:
436:
431:
427:
423:
419:
414:
412:
407:
403:
402:Pope Formosus
399:
398:Cadaver Synod
395:
390:
387:
383:
373:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
354:
348:
345:
341:
340:
335:
331:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
286:
284:
283:Cadaver synod
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
261:
257:
256:Pope Formosus
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
223:
221:
217:
211:
209:
205:
202:
198:
194:
190:
189:
184:
183:Pope Formosus
180:
176:
172:
168:
167:central Italy
164:
160:
156:
145:
137:
133:
120:
116:
112:
108:
97:
93:
88:
85:
82:
78:
75:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
49:
46:
42:
39:
35:
27:
22:
19:
6521:
6517:Pope Francis
6443:21st century
6392:Pope Paul VI
6369:
6357:
6310:20th century
6297:
6248:Pope Pius IX
6236:19th century
6212:Pope Pius VI
6079:
5951:Latin Empire
5921:Universities
5873:Pope Leo III
5740:Christianity
5725:state church
5717:Great Church
5518:Resurrection
5481:(30–325/476)
5478:Early Church
5463:Latin Church
5458:Papal States
5453:Vatican City
5261:Universities
5093:Third orders
5056:Associations
5046:Visitandines
5041:Trinitarians
4991:Mercedarians
4976:Hieronymites
4921:Camaldoleses
4906:Benedictines
4896:Augustinians
4856:
4849:
4842:
4823:Vatican News
4777:Distinctions
4583:Syro-Malabar
4468:Latin Church
4390:Grand master
4288:Metropolitan
4185:Vatican City
4080:Organisation
3959:Philosophers
3824:Confirmation
3801:In canon law
3795:Subsistit in
3793:
3789:Three states
3776:
3737:
3730:Ecclesiology
3712:Nova Vulgata
3710:
3668:Original sin
3663:Nicene Creed
3653:Divine grace
3612:
3494:Universities
3464:Papal States
3391:Great Church
3333:Resurrection
3310:Early Church
3206:
3194:
3164:World War II
3158:Vatican City
3034:
3005:(until 493)
2969:Benedict XVI
2964:John Paul II
2884:Clement XIII
2879:Benedict XIV
2854:Innocent XII
2788:Clement VIII
2763:Gregory XIII
2743:Marcellus II
2703:Alexander VI
2653:Innocent VII
2618:Benedict XII
2573:Nicholas III
2538:Alexander IV
2528:Celestine IV
2518:Honorius III
2502:Innocent III
2487:Gregory VIII
2447:Celestine II
2432:Callixtus II
2402:Alexander II
2327:Sylvester II
2307:Benedict VII
2267:Stephen VIII
2226:
2152:Benedict III
2006:Adeodatus II
1951:Boniface III
1805:Anastasius I
1479:
1441:
1419:
1408:
1397:
1388:
1375:
1357:
1352:
1344:
1339:
1330:
1321:
1310:
1303:
1294:
1285:
1266:
1260:
1240:
1235:
1211:
1204:
1195:
1187:
1182:
1170:. Retrieved
1163:
1153:
1144:
1135:
1126:
1117:
1108:
1099:
1090:
1085:Mann, pg. 83
1081:
1073:
1068:
1059:
1050:
1041:
1032:
1023:
1015:
1010:
1001:
992:
987:Mann, pg. 93
983:
974:
966:
961:
956:Mann, pg. 88
952:
943:
934:
925:
916:
904:. Retrieved
898:
888:
879:
871:
856:
847:
839:
774:
697:
689:
676:
672:Pope John XI
657:
651:
645:
635:
623:
610:
586:Pope John XI
575:
539:
528:
516:against the
511:
494:Nicene Creed
487:
478:East Francia
451:
415:
391:
379:
351:
349:
337:
327:
302:Pope John IX
287:
229:
212:
186:
159:Papal States
143:
142:
128:14 April 911
111:Papal States
65:14 April 911
62:Papacy ended
54:Papacy began
18:
6602:860s births
6523:Laudato si'
6318:Pope Pius X
6147:Philip Neri
6122:Pope Pius V
6097:Thomas More
5966:Inquisition
5868:Charlemagne
5828:Monasticism
5638:Persecution
5530:Holy Spirit
5513:Crucifixion
5392:First seven
5251:Health care
5237:Pax Christi
5189:Schoenstatt
5154:Sant'Egidio
4986:Legionaries
4966:Franciscans
4941:Cistercians
4936:Carthusians
4891:Annonciades
4750:Altarpieces
4643:West Syriac
4638:East Syriac
4618:Alexandrian
4242:Holy orders
4223:Swiss Guard
4163:Dicasteries
4158:Roman Curia
4056:Evangelists
4014:Holy Family
3949:Personalism
3939:Natural law
3917:Josephology
3851:Holy orders
3489:Inquisition
3446:Middle Ages
3436:Monasticism
3404:Constantine
3328:Crucifixion
3172:(1945–1991)
3166:(1939–1945)
3154:(1870–1929)
3148:(1775–1848)
3136:(1585–1689)
3130:(1534–1585)
3124:(1417–1534)
3105:(1378–1417)
3099:(1309–1378)
3091:, 1228–1304
3085:, 1262–1297
3079:, 1257–1281
3070:(1048–1257)
3055:Middle Ages
2995:Middle Ages
2959:John Paul I
2934:Benedict XV
2914:Gregory XVI
2889:Clement XIV
2874:Clement XII
2844:Innocent XI
2783:Innocent IX
2778:Gregory XIV
2728:Clement VII
2658:Gregory XII
2648:Boniface IX
2628:Innocent VI
2603:Benedict XI
2593:Celestine V
2588:Nicholas IV
2583:Honorius IV
2533:Innocent IV
2492:Clement III
2442:Innocent II
2437:Honorius II
2427:Gelasius II
2407:Gregory VII
2397:Nicholas II
2357:Benedict IX
2302:Benedict VI
2277:Agapetus II
2252:Stephen VII
2227:Sergius III
2217:Benedict IV
2207:Theodore II
2192:Boniface VI
2091:Stephen III
2071:Gregory III
2061:Constantine
2026:Benedict II
1961:Adeodatus I
1956:Boniface IV
1936:Pelagius II
1896:Boniface II
1836:Celestine I
1775:Sylvester I
1760:Marcellus I
1755:Marcellinus
1690:Callixtus I
1675:Eleutherius
1650:Telesphorus
1640:Alexander I
1562:Papal names
382:ordinations
334:Saint Peter
324:Papal reign
279:Theodore II
220:pontificate
70:Predecessor
31:Sergius III
6607:911 deaths
6581:Categories
6396:coronation
6102:Pope Leo X
5687:Tertullian
5617:Revelation
5592:Background
5006:Oratorians
4961:Dominicans
4931:Carmelites
4926:Camillians
4874:institutes
4687:Tridentine
4623:Antiochian
4543:Macedonian
4488:Belarusian
4378:Provincial
4293:Archbishop
4213:Roman Rota
4175:Properties
4100:By country
4096:Precedence
4061:Confessors
4041:Archangels
4031:Patriarchs
3931:Philosophy
3909:Veneration
3874:Assumption
3844:Last rites
3811:Sacraments
3755:Four marks
3566:Vatican II
3514:Modern era
3350:Succession
3115:Modern Era
3045:(974–1012)
2949:John XXIII
2859:Clement XI
2834:Clement IX
2824:Innocent X
2819:Urban VIII
2814:Gregory XV
2738:Julius III
2673:Nicholas V
2638:Gregory XI
2623:Clement VI
2558:Innocent V
2548:Clement IV
2523:Gregory IX
2477:Lucius III
2457:Eugene III
2422:Paschal II
2412:Victor III
2392:Stephen IX
2377:Damasus II
2372:Clement II
2367:Gregory VI
2342:Sergius IV
2337:John XVIII
2287:Benedict V
2272:Marinus II
2197:Stephen VI
2177:Adrian III
2157:Nicholas I
2142:Sergius II
2137:Gregory IV
2117:Stephen IV
2081:Stephen II
2066:Gregory II
1986:Theodore I
1971:Honorius I
1966:Boniface V
1931:Benedict I
1921:Pelagius I
1906:Agapetus I
1866:Gelasius I
1856:Simplicius
1841:Sixtus III
1831:Boniface I
1821:Innocent I
1685:Zephyrinus
1599:Pope-elect
1575:non-extant
1367:References
555:, and the
518:Holy Ghost
358:Pope Leo V
179:Pope Leo V
151: 860
124:0911-04-14
102: 860
6412:Communism
6382:Ecumenism
5728:(380–451)
5720:(180–451)
5709:(313–476)
5631:(100–325)
5247:See also:
5199:Charities
5108:Discalced
5036:Trappists
5031:Theatines
5001:Olivetans
4946:Clarisses
4916:Blue nuns
4901:Basilians
4878:societies
4786:See also:
4672:Mozarabic
4662:Ambrosian
4648:Malankara
4633:Byzantine
4593:Ukrainian
4568:Ruthenian
4533:Hungarian
4518:Ethiopian
4493:Bulgarian
4460:sui iuris
4444:Postulant
4353:Religious
4308:Auxiliary
4303:Coadjutor
4273:Patriarch
4141:Cardinals
4088:Canon law
4084:Hierarchy
4066:Disciples
3989:Relations
3977:Evolution
3968:See also:
3913:See also:
3866:Mariology
3856:Matrimony
3829:Eucharist
3750:Ecumenism
3678:Salvation
3614:Catechism
3609:Tradition
3571:Communism
3419:Chalcedon
3039:(904–964)
3031:(756–857)
3025:(537–752)
3019:(493–537)
3011:(312–337)
2909:Pius VIII
2839:Clement X
2773:Urban VII
2723:Adrian VI
2713:Julius II
2693:Sixtus IV
2668:Eugene IV
2613:John XXII
2608:Clement V
2578:Martin IV
2553:Gregory X
2482:Urban III
2467:Adrian IV
2452:Lucius II
2387:Victor II
2332:John XVII
2322:Gregory V
2297:John XIII
2182:Stephen V
2172:Marinus I
2167:John VIII
2162:Adrian II
2132:Valentine
2127:Eugene II
2122:Paschal I
2056:Sisinnius
2041:Sergius I
1976:Severinus
1941:Gregory I
1911:Silverius
1881:Hormisdas
1876:Symmachus
1861:Felix III
1795:Damasus I
1770:Miltiades
1745:Eutychian
1735:Dionysius
1730:Sixtus II
1725:Stephen I
1715:Cornelius
1635:Evaristus
1630:Clement I
1625:Anacletus
1555:canonised
1550:graphical
1245:Routledge
1172:6 January
523:Roman See
502:Byzantine
275:Cerveteri
248:diaconate
240:subdeacon
234:. He was
80:Successor
6422:HIV/AIDS
5916:Crusades
5670:Irenaeus
5663:Ignatius
5658:Polycarp
5508:Ministry
5496:(30–100)
5370:Timeline
5291:Category
5184:Opus Dei
5169:Scouting
5159:Focolare
5026:Servites
5011:Piarists
4956:Crosiers
4692:Anglican
4628:Armenian
4558:Romanian
4548:Maronite
4523:Georgian
4513:Eritrean
4498:Chaldean
4483:Armenian
4478:Albanian
4359:Superior
4318:Emeritus
4298:Diocesan
4151:Advisers
4110:Holy See
4036:Prophets
3994:Politics
3765:Catholic
3745:Councils
3600:Theology
3479:Crusades
3414:Nicaea I
3345:Apostles
3323:Ministry
3292:Timeline
3272:Glossary
3196:Category
3170:Cold War
2944:Pius XII
2924:Leo XIII
2899:Pius VII
2768:Sixtus V
2733:Paul III
2708:Pius III
2663:Martin V
2643:Urban VI
2568:John XXI
2563:Adrian V
2543:Urban IV
2417:Urban II
2352:John XIX
2312:John XIV
2292:Leo VIII
2282:John XII
2187:Formosus
2096:Adrian I
2051:John VII
2001:Vitalian
1996:Eugene I
1991:Martin I
1946:Sabinian
1926:John III
1916:Vigilius
1891:Felix IV
1851:Hilarius
1800:Siricius
1790:Liberius
1785:Julius I
1765:Eusebius
1720:Lucius I
1680:Victor I
1665:Anicetus
1645:Sixtus I
1582:Antipope
1485:904–911
906:25 April
896:(1479).
865:Archived
711:See also
664:Theodora
602:Flodoard
582:Theodora
531:Diptychs
490:Filioque
362:Antipope
360:and the
236:ordained
188:filioque
6387:Judaism
5787:Vulgate
5597:Gospels
5572:Stephen
5489:Origins
5409:Vulgate
5345:General
5335:of the
5333:History
5256:Schools
5212:Caritas
5120:Secular
5086:Workers
4981:Jesuits
4767:Museums
4762:Library
4740:Writers
4735:Artists
4715:Culture
4682:Paul VI
4563:Russian
4553:Melkite
4395:Brother
4373:General
4313:Titular
4283:Primate
4261:Eparchy
4251:Diocese
4198:Outline
4137:College
4127:Francis
4071:Virgins
4046:Martyrs
3972:Science
3879:History
3834:Penance
3819:Baptism
3720:Worship
3693:Vulgate
3641:Kingdom
3636:Trinity
3624:General
3379:Primacy
3287:History
3267:Outline
3089:Perugia
3083:Orvieto
3077:Viterbo
2974:Francis
2954:Paul VI
2939:Pius XI
2919:Pius IX
2904:Leo XII
2894:Pius VI
2753:Pius IV
2748:Paul IV
2688:Paul II
2683:Pius II
2633:Urban V
2317:John XV
2262:Leo VII
2257:John XI
2212:John IX
2202:Romanus
2101:Leo III
2076:Zachary
2046:John VI
1981:John IV
1901:John II
1826:Zosimus
1740:Felix I
1705:Anterus
1700:Pontian
1695:Urban I
1655:Hyginus
1532:of the
874:. p. 8.
668:Marozia
644:in his
578:Marozia
565:legates
514:Photius
470:Magyars
462:Saracen
406:epitaph
386:bishops
308:which
263:Lambert
260:Emperor
216:John XI
6353:Nazism
6175:to the
5782:Jerome
5692:Origen
5375:Papacy
5134:Fimcap
5076:Marian
4996:Minims
4728:Marian
4578:Syriac
4573:Slovak
4503:Coptic
4439:Oblate
4434:Master
4429:Novice
4424:Hermit
4412:Sister
4368:Abbess
4335:Deacon
4330:Priest
4325:Parish
4268:Bishop
4238:Polity
4024:Joseph
4006:Saints
3673:Saints
3561:Nazism
2929:Pius X
2809:Paul V
2804:Leo XI
2758:Pius V
2382:Leo IX
2247:Leo VI
2242:John X
2147:Leo IV
2086:Paul I
2031:John V
2021:Leo II
2016:Agatho
1886:John I
1710:Fabian
1660:Pius I
1570:extant
1566:Tombs
1273:
1251:
1223:
1018:, xiv.
686:Naples
632:Legacy
606:Otto I
441:, the
218:. His
214:pope,
44:Church
6587:Popes
6455:Islam
5723:Roman
5682:Canon
5555:Peter
5503:Jesus
5232:CIDSE
5081:Youth
4805:Media
4772:Music
4697:Zaire
4677:Roman
4667:Braga
4657:Latin
4528:Greek
4400:Friar
4364:Abbot
4278:Major
4193:Index
4092:Laity
3658:Dogma
3605:Bible
3581:Islam
3537:Trent
3318:Jesus
3300:Legal
3262:Index
2718:Leo X
2237:Lando
2222:Leo V
2036:Conon
2011:Donus
1846:Leo I
1750:Caius
1670:Soter
1620:Linus
1615:Peter
1530:Popes
1474:Leo V
767:Notes
620:Death
506:canon
306:synod
238:as a
74:Leo V
6505:2023
6500:2019
6495:2016
6490:2013
6485:2011
6480:2008
6475:2005
6470:2002
6465:2000
6432:1995
5602:Acts
5565:Paul
5560:John
5535:Mary
4757:Folk
4405:Monk
4146:List
4124:Pope
4019:Mary
1780:Mark
1481:Pope
1271:ISBN
1249:ISBN
1221:ISBN
1174:2008
908:2013
596:nor
476:and
474:West
439:John
426:Rome
290:pope
163:pope
118:Died
107:Rome
95:Born
26:Pope
5491:and
5441:Art
5071:Lay
4723:Art
4417:Nun
4139:of
3631:God
1217:155
533:by
314:see
250:by
242:by
195:as
6583::
4876:,
4366:,
1387:.
1219:.
1162:.
831:^
819:^
807:^
795:^
783:^
559:,
537:.
508::
480:.
320:.
210:.
148:c.
109:,
99:c.
6398:)
6394:(
5325:e
5318:t
5311:v
4871:,
4355::
4244:)
4240:(
4117:)
4113:(
3243:e
3236:t
3229:v
1522:e
1515:t
1508:v
1444::
1422:.
1413:.
1378:.
1315:.
1309:"
1279:.
1255:.
1229:.
1176:.
910:.
273:(
146:(
126:)
122:(
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