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530:(r. 730–742), who was consecrated 45th Coptic Patriarch and Pope during Egypt's Umayyad Period (658–750). Tawadros II said, from the monastery at Wadi Natrun, " will start by organising the house from within. It is a responsibility. Most important is ... that the church, as an institution, serves the community". Bishop Raphael, who came first in the election stage of papal selection, was appointed general secretary of the
827:
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1337:تم اختيار نيافته سكرتيرًا للمجمع المقدس عام 2012 م. وذلك في بداية حبرية قداسة البابا تواضروس الثاني. حيث سيستمر "سكرتير المجمع" لمدة ثلاثة سنوات، وبعدها يتم اختيار آخر.. وهكذا.. ولكن الأنبا بيشوي قضى في هذه الوظيفة من عام 1985 م. حتى اختيار أنبا رافائيل، وذلك لأن مثلث الرحمات قداسة البابا شنوده الثالث كان يريد نوعًا من الاستقرار في الكنيسة.. وكان الأنبا يوأنس في هذه المهمة قبل الأنبا بيشوي.
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The papal selection process began several weeks before the 18 November/9 Hathor selection. About 2,400 clergymen and others shortlisted three candidates: Bishop
Tawadros, former aide to Metropolitan Pachomios; Bishop Raphael, General Bishop in Downtown Cairo; and Father Raphael Ava Mina, a monk in a
770:
In
September 2017, Pope Tawadros II visited Sydney, Australia for the first time as Pope. On 10 September 2017 (8 Mesori 1733), Pope Tawadros II visited Melbourne to officially open Eporo Tower in the diocese of Melbourne and Affiliated Regions.
620:
Pope
Tawadros II started his papacy amid multiple changes in Egypt, saying that the Orthodox Church is committed to keeping Article 2 of Egypt's draft constitution intact, as it was in the old constitution.
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was a turning point in the Coptic Church's relations with its youth. Amongst his first tasks is the issue of Egypt's changing political landscape, given the new
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Pope of
Alexandria & Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy Apostolic See of Saint Mark the Evangelist of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria
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in 1,500 years. The last visit of a Coptic pope to the
Vatican occurred on 10 May 1973 (2 Pashons 1689) when then-Pope Shenouda III met with then-
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where they signed an important
Christological declaration with the ambition to initiate ecumenical dialogue between the two ancient churches.
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520:. He told the congregation to "pray that God will choose the good shepherd", and a blindfolded boy took a slip—Tawadros—from the chalice.
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for two years. In 1988, he was formally tonsured a monk by Pope
Shenouda III and given the name “Theodore Anba-Bishoy." He was
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1078:. Although the site is mostly in Arabic, the Papal Residence is briefly mentioned in English at the bottom of the Home Page.
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formally announced that the sixty-year-old Bishop
Tawadros was to be the 118th Pope, and would be Pope Tawadros II, after
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since 1832 (1548–1549), especially controversial as Pope
Shenouda III had boycotted Jerusalem for four decades over the
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of the Church, put slips bearing the candidates' names in a sealed chalice which was set upon the altar, then led the
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In a short televised speech in July 2013 (Paoni 1729), Pope
Tawadros II supported the removal of Egyptian president
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691:. This was the first meeting of the two recently elected church leaders and only the second gathering of popes in
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733:. The purpose of the visit was the funeral of Archbishop Anba Abraham, rather than to formally end the boycott.
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On 10 May (2 Pashons), Pope Tawadros II and Pope Francis held a shared prayer followed by a reception with the
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3614:*Markianos is considered Mark II on the Greek side of the subsequent schism, hence this numbering of Mark III.
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and more independent-minded congregants who seek their demands outside the church in dealing with the state.
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1899:"الأنبا خريستوذولوس مطران الحبشة (الأنبا سلامة) ورئيس دير السريان، وادي النطرون، مصر | St-Takla.org"
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On 15 June 1997 (8 Paoni 1713), he was consecrated as a general bishop by his predecessor pope
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On 27 November 2015 (17 Hathor 1732), Pope Tawadros II made the first Coptic papal visit to
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1799:"الأنبا بطرس مطران جرجا وأخميم، سوهاج | رئيس دير السريان، وادي النطرون، مصر | St-Takla.org"
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in 1975. After a few years of managing a state-owned pharmaceutical factory, he joined the
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Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the
508:
The ceremony to choose the pope from the three consensus candidates was held at Cairo's
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Bishop Isak, Bishop of Bahnasa, Fayoum and El-Giza, ordained bishop before 1842 by:
757:
715:
636:, killing at least 87 people and injuring at least 329. The pope escaped unharmed.
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and institution of a transitional government dominated by the president of the
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660:
1378:"Egypt Declares State of Emergency, as Attacks Undercut Promise of Security"
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1995:
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Bishop Khristotholos, Metropolitan of Ethiopia, ordained bishop in 1665 by:
877:
Bishop Athanasious, Metropolitan of Bany Sweif, ordained bishop in 1925 by:
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Bishop Boutrous, Metropolitan of Gerga and Akhmim, ordained in 1751 by:
779:
On 21 February 2015 (Meshir 14, 1731), Pope Tawadros II announced that
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at about noon, with a marked police presence. Metropolitan Pachomios,
1296:"Child's Ballot Will Determine November Election—Of Next Coptic Pope"
1244:"H.H. Pope Tawadros II is the 118th Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria"
726:
453:
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Pope Tawadros II of Alexandria, ordained bishop on 15 June 1997 by:
628:
in 2017, Pope Tawadros II celebrated the Divine Liturgy mass at the
448:
408:
404:
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380:
37:, using the A.M. (Anno Martyrum) calendar era, in addition to the
1955:
937:
27:. "Tawadros II" redirects here; for the emperor of Ethiopia, see
1351:"Coptic Pope Warns of Extremism In Egypt's Constituent Assembly"
1349:
Khalil, Imad; Chmais, Yasser; Kassem, Hamdi (13 November 2012).
826:
1724:"الأنبا إيساك أسقف البهنسا والفيوم والجيزة، مصر | St-Takla.org"
1118:"Tawadros II | Biography, Alexandria, & Facts | Britannica"
798:
794:
791:
745:
736:
On 4 September 2016 (29 Mesori 1732), Pope Tawadros II visited
280:
1749:"البابا بطرس السابع الجاولي - البطريرك رقم 109 | St-Takla.org"
70:
1951:
1774:"البابا البابا مرقس الثامن - البطريرك رقم 108 | St-Takla.org"
1674:"الأنبا أثناسيوس مطران بني سويف والبهنسا، مصر | St-Takla.org"
1527:"Pope Tawadros to MECC: "Hand in hand with moderate Muslims""
752:
on 6–8 September (1–3 Pi Kogi Enavot). The pope also visited
741:
692:
459:
225:
1849:"الأنبا أثناسيوس أسقف أورشليم | كرسي القيامة | St-Takla.org"
1602:"Coptic Church Recognizes Martyrdom of 21 Coptic Christians"
1576:
1068:
910:
Bishop Athanasius, Bishop of Jerusalem, ordained in 1720 by:
679:
On 8 May 2013 (30 Parmouti 1729), Pope Tawadros II met with
719:
1624:"البابا تواضروس الثاني - البطريرك رقم 118 | St-Takla.org"
1504:"Jerusalem visit of Egypt's Coptic pope stirs divisions"
1924:"البابا متاؤس الرابع - البطريرك رقم 102 | St-Takla.org"
1699:"البابا كيرلس الخامس - البطريرك رقم 112 | St-Takla.org"
1473:
1092:"Bishop Tawadros new pope of Egypt's Coptic Christians"
340:
Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark
1874:"البابا بطرس السادس - البطريرك رقم 104 | St-Takla.org"
1824:"البابا مرقس السابع - البطريرك رقم 106 | St-Takla.org"
1525:
Gadallah, Nevine; Barsoum, Marina (7 September 2016).
1043:"L'évêque Tawadros, nouveau patriarche copte d'Egypte"
1577:"Introducing Eporo Tower – La Trobe Street Melbourne"
1482:"Egypt's Coptic Pope makes historic visit to Israel"
933:
379:) on 4 November 1952 (25 Paopi 1668) in the city of
317:
1552:"Coptic Christian Pope dedicates Drumcondra church"
981:"Egypt's Copts choose new pope for uncertain times"
809:). The commemoration falls on the feast day of the
1348:
1166:
1164:
1143:"Tawadros II: The 118th pope of the Coptic Church"
718:. Additionally, Pope Tawadros II visited Copts in
1321:"الأنبا رافائيل أسقف عام لكنائس وسط القاهرة، مصر"
710:. Pope Tawadros II also visited the tombs of the
33:This article uses dates and years written in the
3669:21st-century Coptic Orthodox popes of Alexandria
3635:
704:Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity
671:who acted as a temporary president at the time.
1524:
1161:
748:, before attending the general assembly of the
21:Patriarch Theodore II of Alexandria (Coadjutor)
497:monastery near Alexandria and disciple of the
2011:
1594:
1376:Samaan, Magdy; Walsh, Declan (9 April 2017).
1037:
1035:
1033:
476:. He was assigned to serve in the Eparchy of
2025:
1375:
2018:
2004:
1030:
868:, ordained bishop on 30 September 1962 by:
69:
3679:Recipients of the Order of Sankt Ignatios
1456:"Pope Francis receives Pope Tawadros II"
1248:St Shenouda Monastery, Sydney, Australia
883:, ordained bishop on 1 November 1874 by:
532:Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Church
350:. He took office on 18 November 2012 (9
3327:Cristoforo Guidalotti Ciocchi del Monte
1453:
1218:"The New Pope Will Be from These 3 Men"
916:, ordained bishop on 21 August 1718 by:
898:, ordained bishop on 2 October 1796 by:
838:about the people who did the ordaining.
376:[waˈɡiːhˈsˤobħiˈbæːʔiseleˈmæːn]
354:1729), two weeks after being selected.
291:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
3636:
1506:. Al Jazeera English. 28 November 2015
1479:
1403:"Pope Tawadros II Supports Revolution"
1293:
1145:. Egypt Independent. 4 November 2012.
1017:Coptic Orthodox Diocese of Los Angeles
816:
447:
423:, with the Arabized Greco-Coptic name
374:
3390:Gregorio Giuseppe Gaetani de Aragonia
1999:
1429:"Pope Francis and Pope Tawadros meet"
665:Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt
648:Pope Tawadros II has stated that the
246:Coptic Orthodox Patriarchal Residence
1149:from the original on 6 November 2012
1086:
1084:
975:
973:
971:
969:
925:, ordained bishop on 6 December 1660
874:, ordained bishop on 10 May 1959 by:
820:
640:took responsibility for the attack.
348:Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria
101:Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria
16:Head of the Coptic Church since 2012
3314:Guido Ascanio Sforza di Santa Fiora
993:from the original on 19 August 2022
811:Presentation of Jesus at the Temple
763:In 2017, Pope Tawadros visited the
643:
432:
371:
327:
25:Patriarch Theodore II of Alexandria
13:
1294:Casper, Jayson (2 November 2012).
781:20 Copts and one Ghanaian murdered
491:
14:
3690:
1945:
1357:. Translated by El-Khoury, Joelle
1135:
1081:
966:
1480:Soffer, Ari (26 November 2015).
950:
936:
825:
391:, where he received a degree in
267:
1916:
1891:
1866:
1841:
1816:
1791:
1766:
1741:
1716:
1691:
1666:
1641:
1616:
1569:
1544:
1518:
1496:
1447:
1421:
1395:
1369:
1342:
1313:
1287:
1270:"His Holiness Pope Tawadros II"
1262:
1236:
1210:
1013:"His Holiness Pope Tawadros II"
866:Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria
750:Middle East Council of Churches
595:Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria
1952:Pope Tawadros II of Alexandria
1454:El-Dabh, Basil (10 May 2013).
1274:St John Coptic Orthodox Church
1185:
1110:
1061:
1005:
632:in Alexandria just before the
551:Pope Tawadros II of Alexandria
411:a priest in 1989 (1705–1706).
41:, using the A.D. calendar era.
1:
3206:Humbert II, Dauphin of Vienne
929:
923:Pope Matthew IV of Alexandria
907:, ordained on 30 May 1745 by:
892:, ordained bishop in 1809 by:
706:and other dicasteries of the
357:
311:Ⲡⲁⲡⲁ Ⲁⲃⲃⲁ Ⲑⲉⲟ́ⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲙⲁϩ ⲃ̅'
3664:Alexandria University alumni
1391:– via www.nytimes.com.
896:Pope Mark VIII of Alexandria
890:Pope Peter VII of Alexandria
454:
318:
111:Alexandria and all of Africa
88:Ⲡⲁⲡⲁ Ⲁⲃⲃⲁ Ⲑⲉⲟ́ⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲙⲁϩ ⲃ̅
7:
3674:People from Mansoura, Egypt
3303:Alonso de Fonseca y Acevedo
3241:Johannes Walteri von Sinten
914:Pope Peter VI of Alexandria
905:Pope Mark VII of Alexandria
872:Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria
452:), the equivalent of Greek
338:) is the 118th and current
10:
3695:
3402:Giuseppe Antonio Davanzati
881:Pope Cyril V of Alexandria
674:
460:
440:
330:; born on 4 November 1952
310:
32:
18:
3610:
3565:
3440:
3405:Lodovico Agnello Anastasi
3393:Carlo Ambrosio Mezzabarba
3295:Pedro González de Mendoza
3201:Egidio da Ferrara (Giles)
3187:
2668:
2180:
2033:
1987:
1978:
1970:
1963:
1069:http://www.copticpope.org
790:would be commemorated as
774:
612:
600:
590:
583:
575:
568:
561:
557:
544:
537:
469:
449:[tæˈ(w)odo(ː)ros]
414:
397:Monastery of Saint Pishoy
251:
241:
236:Coptic Orthodox Christian
231:
221:
192:Wagih Subhi Baqi Sulayman
187:
182:
167:
157:
152:
142:
132:
124:
116:
106:
96:
80:
68:
61:
48:
3517:Gregory II Youssef-Sayur
3432:Luca Ermenegildo Pasetto
3348:Giovanni Battista Albani
3299:Diego Hurtado de Mendoza
3288:Arnaldo Rogerii de Palas
3219:Arnaud Bernard du Pouget
2027:Patriarchs of Alexandria
1965:Oriental Orthodox titles
756:and the baptism site of
650:2011 Egyptian revolution
389:University of Alexandria
364:Wagih Sobhi Baki Soliman
362:Tawadros II was born as
258:University of Alexandria
19:Not to be confused with
3659:Oriental Orthodox monks
3358:Séraphin Olivier-Razali
3262:Pietro Amaury di Lordat
740:at the Royal Palace in
738:King Abdullah of Jordan
3417:Paolo Angelo Ballerini
3319:Ottaviano Maria Sforza
3253:Pietro Amely di Brunac
3236:Pietro Amely di Brunac
1484:. Israel National News
1407:www.ecumenicalnews.com
836:is missing information
585:Episcopal consecration
524:Metropolitan Pachomius
486:Metropolitan Pachomius
342:, succeeding the late
319:Papa Abba Theódōros II
275:This article contains
3587:Stéphanos I Sidarouss
3386:Petrus Draghi Bartoli
3265:Lancelotus de Navarra
3198:Atanasio (Athanasius)
2050:Mark I the Evangelist
1649:"البابا شنوده الثالث"
744:, his first visit to
731:Arab–Israeli conflict
685:Roman Catholic Church
630:Cathedral of St. Mark
547:Ordination history of
445:Coptic pronunciation:
372:وجيه صبحى باقى سليمان
328:البابا تواضروس الثانى
194:وجيه صبحى باقى سليمان
91:البابا تواضروس الثانى
3654:Egyptian pharmacists
3602:Ibrahim Isaac Sidrak
3592:Stéphanos II Ghattas
3472:Athanasius IV Jawhar
3457:Athanasius IV Jawhar
3422:Domenico Marinangeli
3376:Allesandro Crescenzi
3363:Alessandro di Sangro
3278:Giovanni Vitelleschi
2672:Popes and Patriarchs
2184:Popes and Patriarchs
1433:Catholic Star Herald
1074:9 March 2018 at the
986:Times Union (Albany)
805:(15 February of the
634:cathedral was bombed
510:St. Mark's Cathedral
480:in the northwestern
387:. He studied at the
336:: 25 Paopi 1668]
3537:Cyril IX Moghabghab
3507:Maximos III Mazloum
3487:Ignatius IV Sarrouf
3396:Filippo Carlo Spada
3381:Aloysius Bevilacqua
3215:Guillaume de Chanac
2040:Chalcedonian schism
1222:Egyptian Chronicles
989:. 2 December 2012.
944:Christianity portal
817:Episcopal genealogy
570:Priestly ordination
484:as an auxiliary to
3522:Peter IV Geraigiry
3492:Athanasius V Matar
3467:Theodosius V Dahan
3274:Vitalis di Mauléon
3268:Giovanni Contarini
3231:Jean de Cardaillac
1604:. 21 February 2015
1382:The New York Times
1300:Christianity Today
1193:"Pope Tawadros II"
1172:"Pope Tawadros II"
1122:www.britannica.com
807:Gregorian calendar
39:Gregorian calendar
3631:
3630:
3597:Antonios I Naguib
3582:Kyrillos Makarios
3552:Gregory III Laham
3542:Maximos IV Sayegh
3502:Ignatius V Qattan
3497:Macarius IV Tawil
3371:Federico Borromeo
3367:Honoratus Caetani
3338:Alessandro Riario
3307:Bernardino Carafa
1994:
1993:
1250:. 5 November 2012
1224:. 30 October 2012
1098:. 4 November 2012
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3058:Gerasimus II
3053:Parthenius I
2968:Nicholas III
2887:Alexander II
2822:Sophronius I
2752:Apollinarius
2732:Theodosius I
2722:Dioscorus II
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2654:Shenouda III
2639:Macarius III
2624:Demetrius II
2554:Gabriel VIII
2279:Alexander II
2229:Theodosius I
2219:Dioscorus II
2162:Theophilus I
2147:Athanasius I
2037:prior to the
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1974:Shenouda III
1933:22 September
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1928:st-takla.org
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1628:st-takla.org
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1354:
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1331:19 September
1329:. Retrieved
1325:St-Takla.org
1324:
1315:
1305:19 September
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1200:. Retrieved
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984:
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847:
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762:
735:
724:
716:Apostle Paul
701:
697:Pope Paul VI
689:Vatican City
681:Pope Francis
678:
669:Adly Mansour
658:
654:constitution
647:
623:
619:
604:15 June 1997
522:
514:locum tenens
507:
495:
473:
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421:Shenouda III
418:
363:
361:
302:
298:
297:
274:
232:Denomination
177:Shenouda III
171:15 June 1997
168:Consecration
147:Shenouda III
133:Papacy began
51:His Holiness
43:
3649:1952 births
3259:Ugo Roberti
3211:Juan (John)
3192:(1276–1954)
3178:Theodore II
3163:Nicholas VI
3148:Meletius II
3033:Metrophanes
3028:Gerasimus I
2978:Nicholas IV
2953:Gregory III
2938:Nicholas II
2917:Eleutherius
2692:Timothy III
2659:Tawadros II
2569:Matthew III
2544:Gabriel VII
2479:Benjamin II
2454:Gabriel III
2409:Macarius II
2389:Shenouda II
2344:Michael III
2224:Timothy III
2172:Dioscorus I
2142:Alexander I
2107:Demetrius I
1981:Coptic Pope
1608:21 February
1581:Eporo Tower
1556:Irish Times
1488:11 December
1361:12 December
1327:(in Arabic)
1177:20 December
1047:Le Parisien
708:Roman Curia
626:Palm Sunday
401:Wadi Natrun
303:Theodore II
222:Nationality
163:(1705–1706)
143:Predecessor
107:Archdiocese
85:Tawadros II
81:Native name
29:Tewodros II
3638:Categories
3153:Nicholas V
3118:Callinicus
3073:Cosmas III
3043:Joannicius
3038:Nicephorus
2993:Philotheus
2973:Gregory IV
2948:Gregory II
2928:Nicholas I
2832:Michael II
2807:Politianus
2767:Theodore I
2727:Timothy IV
2687:Timothy II
2604:John XVIII
2579:Matthew IV
2529:Michael VI
2524:Gabriel VI
2519:Matthew II
2499:Gabriel IV
2414:Gabriel II
2404:Michael IV
2379:Philotheos
2359:Macarius I
2354:Cosmas III
2339:Shenouda I
2329:Michael II
2289:Theodore I
2254:Benjamin I
2249:Andronicus
2244:Anastasius
2194:Timothy II
2097:Agrippinus
2035:Patriarchs
1561:26 October
1413:16 October
1387:26 October
1355:Al-Monitor
1153:5 November
1102:4 November
1053:5 November
1022:30 January
930:References
754:Mount Nebo
499:116th pope
358:Early life
253:Alma mater
200:1952-11-04
158:Ordination
128:Alexandria
120:Alexandria
3180:(current)
3173:Peter VII
3068:Cosmas II
3023:Cyril III
3013:Silvester
3008:Joachim I
3003:Gregory V
2933:Gregory I
2877:George II
2842:Eutychius
2827:Michael I
2812:Eustatius
2702:Peter III
2682:Proterius
2661:(current)
2644:Joseph II
2614:Peter VII
2609:Mark VIII
2594:John XVII
2539:John XIII
2509:Gabriel V
2504:Matthew I
2469:John VIII
2439:Cyril III
2419:Michael V
2384:Zacharias
2349:Gabriel I
2334:Cosmas II
2319:Simeon II
2294:Michael I
2199:Peter III
2157:Timothy I
2117:Dionysius
2086:Markianos
2052:(founder)
1989:Incumbent
1202:9 January
1127:9 January
997:19 August
842:talk page
727:Jerusalem
455:Theódōros
441:Ⲑⲉⲟ́ⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ
403:to study
242:Residence
3618:Category
3108:Artemius
2922:Mark III
2912:Elias II
2897:Cyril II
2882:Leontius
2867:Arsenius
2802:Cosmas I
2797:Peter VI
2787:Peter IV
2777:George I
2762:Eulogius
2717:John III
2649:Cyril VI
2634:John XIX
2619:Cyril IV
2599:Mark VII
2589:Peter VI
2584:John XVI
2549:John XIV
2534:John XII
2459:John VII
2449:John VII
2429:Mark III
2399:Cyril II
2324:Joseph I
2284:Cosmas I
2274:Simeon I
2264:John III
2234:Peter IV
2152:Peter II
2137:Achillas
2112:Heraclas
2092:Celadion
2081:Eumenius
2066:Kedronos
2043:(43–451)
1228:14 March
1147:Archived
1096:BBC News
1072:Archived
991:Archived
788:in Libya
714:and the
503:Cyril VI
474:Theodore
461:Θεόδωρος
425:Tawadros
409:ordained
405:theology
393:pharmacy
381:Mansoura
322: ;
226:Egyptian
211:Mansoura
175:by
117:Province
3623:Commons
3334:Tommaso
3143:Photius
3128:Nicanor
3083:Cyprian
3078:Matthew
3048:Paisius
2998:Mark VI
2963:Mark IV
2892:John VI
2862:Elias I
2792:Peter V
2757:John IV
2737:Gaianus
2712:John II
2629:Cyril V
2574:Mark VI
2564:John XV
2514:John XI
2489:Mark IV
2484:Peter V
2474:John IX
2434:John VI
2374:Abraham
2369:Mina II
2309:Mark II
2304:John IV
2259:Agathon
2214:John II
2167:Cyril I
2132:Peter I
2127:Theonas
2122:Maximus
2061:Avilius
2056:Anianus
1956:Twitter
801:of the
783:by the
683:of the
675:Travels
563:History
466:Amharic
433:تواضروس
3271:Pietro
3063:Samuel
2988:Mark V
2958:Niphon
2902:Sabbas
2772:John V
2747:Zoilus
2697:John I
2559:Mark V
2494:John X
2424:John V
2299:Mina I
2239:Damian
2209:John I
2102:Julian
2076:Justus
2071:Primus
1586:11 May
1531:Watani
1067:Link:
799:Meshir
795:saints
792:martyr
775:Saints
746:Jordan
538:Papacy
478:Behira
437:Coptic
429:Arabic
415:Bishop
368:Arabic
352:Hathor
324:Arabic
307:Coptic
281:Arabic
277:Coptic
153:Orders
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2852:Isaac
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1179:2020
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1104:2012
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720:Rome
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601:Date
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