200:
31:
3810:
3842:
47:
2601:
4176:
290:
103:
282:. Institutions that derive the portcullis from these arms include a school, a chamber of commerce, and a rugby club. Other (around 30) South African coats of arms that include a portcullis are not necessarily related to either
1995:
324:
on 16 October 1834; he conceptualized the new palace as a "legislative castle", and the symbol of a castle gate—i.e., a portcullis—fit well with the scheme.
358:
all include a portcullis, symbolizing the agency's role as His
Majesty's agents responsible for the border services of Canada. A portcullis was previously found on the
144:
would be used. The one closer to the inside would be closed first, and then the one farther away. This was used to trap the enemy, and often, burning
262:, the portcullis has found its way into several South African coats of arms. Somerset established several towns during his governorship at the then-
414:
430:
137:. Portcullises had an advantage over standard gates in that they could be closed immediately at a time of crisis by a single guard.
708:
367:
2866:
557:
528:
409:
Gules, a portcullis or studded sable, chained Argent, ensigned with an ancient crown of the second, all within an orle of bezants
125:. Every portcullis was mounted in vertical grooves in the walls of the castle and could be raised or lowered quickly by means of
3208:
1811:
599:
328:
283:
3172:
259:
2405:
2100:
2638:
2220:
2005:
677:
335:". During the 20th century, use of the portcullis as a symbol of Parliament spread beyond Britain and to the other
313:
2430:
156:, however, was not commonly used in this manner, contrary to popular belief, since oil was extremely expensive.
2924:
400:
4185:
355:
4208:
3446:
3441:
1653:
1191:
701:
374:
in the United
Kingdom and still appears in the rank insignia for the various grades of commissioner in the
359:
17:
1990:
1071:
500:
3311:
439:...five castles triple towered in saltire argent masoned proper the portcullis of each part-raised or...
1586:
390:
638:
4213:
2035:
418:
363:
153:
1660:
4005:
3501:
3028:
2532:
1610:
404:
340:
4218:
4168:
4130:
3522:
3461:
3401:
2788:
2733:
2698:
2579:
2354:
2060:
2055:
1975:
1772:
1719:
1689:
1446:
1376:
1320:
897:
694:
434:
386:
375:
348:
267:
220:
77:
4023:
3972:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
2904:
2881:
2837:
2776:
2631:
2604:
2420:
2010:
1907:
1792:
976:
327:
Since then, the portcullis has become the primary symbol of
Parliament; an office building for
87:
51:
3800:
591:
584:
2909:
2859:
2854:
2832:
2716:
2557:
2395:
2177:
1930:
1667:
1490:
819:
371:
321:
309:
301:
294:
255:
236:
91:
94:
made of wood and/or metal, which slides down grooves inset within each jamb of the gateway.
4028:
2815:
2781:
2673:
2542:
2070:
1696:
1495:
1461:
861:
743:
212:
199:
8:
3886:
3684:
3666:
3456:
3039:
2991:
2966:
2668:
2359:
2095:
1451:
829:
263:
228:
71:
30:
4080:
4053:
3381:
3326:
3276:
3187:
3177:
3114:
3089:
3024:
2999:
2971:
2871:
2658:
2481:
2090:
2065:
2050:
2045:
1895:
1875:
1672:
1233:
1100:
844:
620:
459:
336:
107:
3997:
3928:
3919:
3813:
3542:
3147:
3019:
2958:
2936:
2914:
2798:
2750:
2624:
2537:
2496:
2471:
2344:
2025:
1865:
1712:
1298:
1176:
854:
797:
673:
595:
441:; though these do not appear in gateways of castles unless the blazon specifies them.
208:
445:
It is often shown with chains attached, even when the blazon does not mention them.
395:
Ermine, a portcullis chained or, a bordure gules charged with eight fleurs-de-lys or
3809:
3765:
3753:
3674:
3476:
3281:
3228:
3223:
3157:
3142:
3084:
3049:
2899:
2894:
2827:
2793:
2721:
2511:
2486:
2415:
2339:
1940:
1935:
1870:
1421:
1225:
804:
553:
524:
344:
332:
188:
4180:
4092:
3777:
3622:
3607:
3602:
3537:
3218:
3182:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3009:
2981:
2755:
2678:
2400:
2252:
2225:
2165:
2135:
2020:
1985:
1965:
1950:
1505:
1500:
1468:
1229:
1171:
1159:
1141:
1008:
989:
915:
892:
305:
244:
240:
184:
172:
39:
3841:
347:, preserving a connection between the British Parliament at Westminster and the
235:, especially that heraldry dating from the Tudor period. The heraldic office of
4104:
4070:
4063:
3617:
3582:
3374:
3301:
3286:
3266:
3004:
2849:
2844:
2738:
2726:
2569:
2564:
2230:
2215:
2150:
2140:
2015:
2000:
1900:
1890:
1855:
1729:
1522:
1219:
1186:
1150:
966:
824:
788:
312:
until 1530, the current use of the portcullis as a symbol of the palace and of
224:
215:, who was of matrilineal Beaufort descent, adapted both the portcullis and the
495:
4202:
4152:
4087:
4058:
3718:
3642:
3574:
2663:
2574:
2527:
2435:
2425:
2379:
2349:
2334:
2303:
2284:
2145:
2085:
2040:
1955:
1914:
1724:
1357:
1352:
1085:
1048:
1033:
984:
929:
908:
717:
464:
317:
279:
275:
271:
46:
3527:
4165:
Non-traditional, regional, or rarely used (sometimes considered unheraldic)
4142:
4120:
4075:
3953:
3612:
3517:
3152:
3079:
3044:
2889:
2822:
2745:
2683:
2552:
2410:
2374:
2329:
2313:
2241:
2194:
2170:
2160:
2155:
1970:
1787:
1648:
1615:
1480:
1416:
1391:
1303:
1277:
1245:
1239:
1181:
1120:
1090:
938:
180:
3554:
3271:
3250:
670:
The
Medieval Fortress: Castles, Forts and Walled Cities of the Middle Ages
316:
does not date from that time. Rather, the symbol was developed as part of
4147:
3989:
3486:
3466:
3334:
3213:
2976:
2451:
2308:
2277:
2259:
2247:
2189:
2184:
2125:
2120:
2080:
1980:
1945:
1841:
1744:
1515:
1485:
1475:
1381:
1270:
887:
834:
149:
3962:
3559:
3034:
1078:
27:
Heavy vertically-closing gate typically found in medieval fortifications
3647:
3637:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3532:
3406:
3364:
3344:
3316:
3306:
2693:
2476:
2296:
2268:
2199:
2075:
2030:
1960:
1880:
1777:
1682:
1622:
1581:
1559:
1510:
1456:
1401:
1386:
1345:
1293:
1251:
1196:
1038:
954:
624:
469:
454:
216:
3981:
2456:
1001:
4048:
3652:
3632:
3627:
3436:
3421:
3238:
2943:
1885:
1816:
1643:
1638:
1571:
1212:
1125:
1055:
1013:
839:
809:
770:
736:
157:
3291:
3167:
429:
in the gateways of castles, fully lowered or part raised, as in the
289:
4137:
3679:
3564:
3491:
3471:
3416:
3359:
3354:
3349:
2919:
2647:
2369:
2364:
2289:
2130:
1848:
1823:
1806:
1736:
1677:
1605:
1598:
1441:
1329:
1203:
1023:
1018:
994:
922:
902:
882:
849:
232:
176:
165:
115:
59:
55:
3898:
3850:
3789:
3547:
3481:
3451:
3431:
3426:
3411:
3391:
3245:
3233:
3203:
3162:
3126:
3059:
3014:
2810:
2771:
2501:
2466:
2461:
1799:
1782:
1767:
1751:
1703:
1631:
1576:
1566:
1534:
1436:
1411:
1396:
1166:
1110:
1028:
875:
868:
814:
686:
161:
148:
or fire-heated sand would be dropped onto them from the roof or
4125:
4099:
3874:
3706:
3496:
3386:
3369:
3339:
3119:
3074:
3064:
2805:
2688:
2506:
1860:
1426:
1364:
1308:
1286:
1263:
1256:
1132:
1115:
947:
779:
761:
731:
248:
118:
102:
3741:
3396:
3069:
2948:
2931:
2547:
2491:
2235:
1760:
1591:
1431:
752:
286:
Charles
Somerset or any of the towns named after and by him.
134:
126:
122:
35:
667:
121:, securely closing off the castle during times of attack or
3845:
3054:
2616:
1529:
1371:
1338:
1313:
1105:
1095:
1064:
1043:
474:
145:
141:
130:
83:
615:
Quinault, Roland (1992). "Westminster and the
Victorian".
227:. Since then, the portcullis has been a moderately common
399:
with nail heads shown in a contrasting colour, as in the
82: 'sliding gate') is a heavy, vertically closing
590:. London: British Broadcasting Corporation. p.
366:; this has since been replaced by a section of the
583:
552:
523:
4200:
171:In England, working portcullises survive at the
958:
413:with spikes of a contrasting colour, as in the
1520:
1466:
1284:
1130:
2632:
2175:
1905:
1734:
1710:
1327:
1318:
1275:
999:
795:
786:
702:
266:and named them for his family. These include
207:The portcullis was the heraldic badge of the
114:Portcullises fortified the entrances to many
2294:
2275:
2266:
2257:
1846:
1821:
1797:
1758:
1749:
1701:
1687:
1658:
1629:
1620:
1596:
1557:
1362:
1343:
1261:
1210:
1201:
1157:
1148:
1139:
1076:
1062:
1053:
936:
913:
617:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
945:
927:
873:
859:
777:
768:
759:
750:
741:
645:. The Government of Canada. 21 January 2015
423:...a portcullis or, nailed and spiked azure
2639:
2625:
709:
695:
370:. It was also featured in the now-defunct
187:. In Scotland, a working portcullis is at
586:The Great Palace: The Story of Parliament
508:
354:The badge, coat of arms, and flag of the
237:Portcullis Pursuivant of Arms in Ordinary
614:
385:as a charge in its own right, as in the
288:
198:
168:to kill the trapped group of attackers.
101:
45:
29:
668:Kaufmann, J.E.; Kaufmann, H.W. (2001).
203:Beaufort Portcullis badge of the Tudors
14:
4201:
320:'s plans for the rebuilt palace after
183:in Kent, and at the hotel conversion,
2620:
690:
581:
562:Research records (formerly PastScape)
533:Research records (formerly PastScape)
619:. Royal Historical Society: 79–104.
140:Often, two portcullises to the main
2101:Weapons Storage and Security System
24:
716:
493:
160:in the sides of the walls enabled
25:
4230:
331:(MPs), opened in 2001, is named "
4174:
3840:
3808:
2600:
2599:
368:Royal Arms of the United Kingdom
661:
643:Canadian Border Services Agency
639:"About the CBSA: CBSA Heraldry"
631:
608:
575:
546:
517:
514:Kaufmann & Kaufmann, p. 61
487:
34:Portcullis at Desmond Castle,
13:
1:
3296:
1996:British "hedgehog" road block
480:
356:Canada Border Services Agency
343:features a portcullis in its
3931:(metal in the United States)
2646:
211:, and the first Tudor king,
50:The inner portcullis of the
7:
2406:Cities with defensive walls
1991:Defensive fighting position
1906:
1711:
1521:
1467:
1328:
1319:
1285:
1276:
1131:
582:Jones, Christopher (1983).
501:Online Etymology Dictionary
448:
381:The portcullis may appear:
351:to which Canberra is home.
194:
106:Double portcullis gates at
90:, consisting of a latticed
10:
4235:
391:London Borough of Richmond
251:, dates from this period.
4161:
4113:
4041:
4014:
3938:
3907:
3861:
3799:
3728:
3693:
3665:
3573:
3510:
3325:
3259:
3196:
3135:
2990:
2957:
2880:
2764:
2709:
2654:
2590:
2520:
2444:
2388:
2322:
2208:
2113:
2036:Hardened aircraft shelter
2011:Entry control point (ECP)
1923:
1834:
1550:
1543:
975:
724:
419:Tendring District Council
2533:Continuity of government
529:"Hever Castle (407172)"
364:predecimal thrupenny bit
341:coat of arms of Canberra
322:the original burned down
260:The 5th Duke of Beaufort
133:attached to an internal
97:
4169:List of oldest heraldry
2355:Motte-and-bailey castle
2061:Missile launch facility
2056:Main line of resistance
751:
435:Winchester City Council
376:Australian Border Force
308:for both Henry VII and
304:served as the official
88:medieval fortifications
76:
2431:Military installations
2295:
2276:
2267:
2258:
2176:
1847:
1822:
1798:
1788:Scarp and Counterscarp
1759:
1750:
1735:
1702:
1688:
1659:
1630:
1621:
1597:
1558:
1363:
1344:
1262:
1211:
1202:
1158:
1149:
1140:
1077:
1063:
1054:
1000:
959:
946:
937:
928:
914:
874:
860:
796:
787:
778:
769:
760:
742:
360:British one-penny coin
297:
204:
111:
63:
43:
2200:Floating water castle
1931:Admiralty scaffolding
1224:Fortified buildings (
372:HM Customs and Excise
349:Australian Parliament
329:Members of Parliament
302:Palace of Westminster
295:HM Customs and Excise
292:
256:Lord Charles Somerset
202:
105:
49:
33:
2543:Subterranean warfare
1496:Viking ring fortress
558:"Monk Bar (536761)"
339:; for instance, the
4209:Castle architecture
4181:Heraldry portal
3608:Hastings/Hungerford
2895:Crowns and coronets
2867:National traditions
2360:Quadrangular castle
2096:Weapon storage area
1452:Quadrangular castle
672:. Greenhill Books.
337:Commonwealth realms
86:typically found in
52:Torre dell'Elefante
3565:Waterlily/Seeblatt
2789:Ancient and modern
2091:Underground hangar
1876:Fire control tower
1673:Gunpowder magazine
1101:Butter-churn tower
460:Hoarding (castles)
298:
205:
112:
108:Petersberg Citadel
64:
44:
4196:
4195:
4037:
4036:
3975:(color in Canada)
3661:
3660:
2614:
2613:
2538:Military urbanism
2472:Fortified gateway
2345:Concentric castle
2109:
2108:
2026:Fire support base
1866:Coastal artillery
1741:(Spanish America)
1335:
1177:Concentric castle
601:978-0-563-20178-6
494:Harper, Douglas.
318:Sir Charles Barry
209:House of Beaufort
16:(Redirected from
4226:
4214:Heraldic charges
4179:
4178:
4177:
4017:
4004:
3996:
3988:
3980:
3970:
3960:
3952:
3949:
3941:
3926:
3918:
3910:
3897:
3894:
3885:
3882:
3873:
3870:
3844:
3812:
3788:
3785:
3776:
3773:
3764:
3761:
3752:
3749:
3740:
3737:
3717:
3714:
3705:
3702:
3691:
3690:
3675:Rule of tincture
3392:Griffin/Keythong
2988:
2987:
2679:Officers of arms
2641:
2634:
2627:
2618:
2617:
2603:
2602:
2596:
2487:National redoubt
2416:Fortified estate
2340:Circular rampart
2300:
2281:
2272:
2263:
2181:
1941:Anti-tank trench
1936:Air raid shelter
1911:
1871:Disappearing gun
1852:
1827:
1803:
1764:
1755:
1740:
1716:
1707:
1693:
1664:
1635:
1626:
1602:
1563:
1548:
1547:
1526:
1506:Bailey (or ward)
1472:
1377:Motte-and-bailey
1368:
1349:
1333:
1325:
1324:
1290:
1281:
1267:
1216:
1207:
1163:
1154:
1145:
1136:
1082:
1068:
1059:
1005:
962:
951:
942:
933:
919:
879:
865:
805:Circular rampart
801:
792:
783:
774:
765:
756:
747:
711:
704:
697:
688:
687:
683:
655:
654:
652:
650:
635:
629:
628:
612:
606:
605:
589:
579:
573:
572:
570:
568:
554:Historic England
550:
544:
543:
541:
539:
525:Historic England
521:
515:
512:
506:
505:
491:
333:Portcullis House
189:Edinburgh Castle
21:
4234:
4233:
4229:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4224:
4223:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4192:
4175:
4173:
4157:
4109:
4033:
4015:
4010:
4002:
3994:
3986:
3978:
3968:
3958:
3950:
3947:
3939:
3934:
3924:
3916:
3908:
3903:
3895:
3892:
3883:
3880:
3871:
3868:
3857:
3795:
3786:
3783:
3774:
3771:
3762:
3759:
3750:
3747:
3738:
3735:
3724:
3715:
3712:
3703:
3700:
3689:
3657:
3623:Hungerford knot
3593:Cavendish/Savoy
3569:
3506:
3321:
3255:
3192:
3131:
2986:
2953:
2876:
2760:
2705:
2650:
2645:
2615:
2610:
2594:
2586:
2516:
2440:
2384:
2318:
2253:Imperial castle
2226:Coercion castle
2221:Coastal defence
2204:
2166:Promontory fort
2136:Hillside castle
2105:
2021:Fallout shelter
1986:Concertina wire
1966:Border security
1919:
1830:
1539:
1172:Coercion castle
1160:Cheval de frise
1142:Chemin de ronde
990:Albarrana tower
971:
916:Schwedenschanze
893:Promontory fort
720:
715:
680:
664:
659:
658:
648:
646:
637:
636:
632:
613:
609:
602:
580:
576:
566:
564:
551:
547:
537:
535:
522:
518:
513:
509:
492:
488:
483:
451:
306:royal residence
245:College of Arms
241:officer of arms
197:
185:Amberley Castle
173:Tower of London
100:
40:County Limerick
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4232:
4222:
4221:
4219:Types of gates
4216:
4211:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4171:
4166:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4134:
4133:
4123:
4117:
4115:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4107:
4105:Trophy of arms
4102:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4085:
4084:
4083:
4073:
4068:
4067:
4066:
4064:banner of arms
4056:
4051:
4045:
4043:
4039:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4026:
4020:
4018:
4012:
4011:
4009:
4008:
4000:
3992:
3984:
3976:
3966:
3956:
3944:
3942:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3932:
3922:
3913:
3911:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3890:
3878:
3865:
3863:
3859:
3858:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3853:
3838:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3805:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3793:
3781:
3769:
3757:
3745:
3732:
3730:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3710:
3697:
3695:
3688:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3671:
3669:
3663:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3655:
3650:
3648:Tristram/Bowen
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3579:
3577:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3551:
3550:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3514:
3512:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3331:
3329:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3263:
3261:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3242:
3241:
3236:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2996:
2994:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2963:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2940:
2939:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2886:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2857:
2847:
2842:
2841:
2840:
2835:
2825:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2808:
2803:
2802:
2801:
2791:
2786:
2785:
2784:
2774:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2734:Ecclesiastical
2731:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2713:
2711:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2644:
2643:
2636:
2629:
2621:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2572:
2570:Trench warfare
2567:
2565:Tunnel warfare
2562:
2561:
2560:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2421:Fortifications
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2392:
2390:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2273:
2264:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2238:
2233:
2231:Counter-castle
2228:
2223:
2218:
2216:Border barrier
2212:
2210:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2151:Lowland castle
2148:
2143:
2141:Hilltop castle
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2117:
2115:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2016:Electric fence
2013:
2008:
2006:Dragon's teeth
2003:
2001:Czech hedgehog
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1915:Wire obstacles
1912:
1903:
1901:Polygonal fort
1898:
1893:
1891:Martello tower
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1856:Border outpost
1853:
1844:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1756:
1747:
1742:
1732:
1730:Polygonal fort
1727:
1722:
1717:
1708:
1699:
1694:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1627:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1554:
1552:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1341:
1336:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1282:
1273:
1268:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1242:
1237:
1222:
1220:Flanking tower
1217:
1208:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1187:Counter-castle
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1155:
1146:
1137:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1074:
1069:
1060:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
997:
992:
987:
981:
979:
977:Post-classical
973:
972:
970:
969:
967:Vitrified fort
964:
952:
943:
934:
925:
920:
911:
906:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
871:
866:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
825:Defensive wall
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
793:
784:
775:
766:
757:
748:
739:
734:
728:
726:
722:
721:
718:Fortifications
714:
713:
706:
699:
691:
685:
684:
678:
663:
660:
657:
656:
630:
607:
600:
574:
545:
516:
507:
485:
484:
482:
479:
478:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
450:
447:
443:
442:
427:
426:
425:
411:
407:Town Council:
293:The ensign of
225:House of Tudor
196:
193:
99:
96:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4231:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4182:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4160:
4154:
4153:Sigillography
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4112:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4089:
4086:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4040:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4013:
4007:
4001:
3999:
3993:
3991:
3985:
3983:
3977:
3974:
3967:
3964:
3957:
3955:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3937:
3930:
3923:
3921:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3906:
3900:
3891:
3888:
3879:
3876:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3860:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3791:
3782:
3779:
3770:
3767:
3758:
3755:
3746:
3743:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3720:
3711:
3708:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3692:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3670:
3668:
3664:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3523:Laurel wreath
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3509:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3328:
3324:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2664:Grant of arms
2662:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2649:
2642:
2637:
2635:
2630:
2628:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2607:
2606:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2575:Urban warfare
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2528:Civil defense
2526:
2525:
2523:
2519:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2396:Bastion forts
2394:
2393:
2391:
2387:
2381:
2380:Z-plan castle
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2350:L-plan castle
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2335:Bridge castle
2333:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2304:Refuge castle
2302:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2285:Military base
2283:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2248:Hunting lodge
2246:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2207:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2161:Moated castle
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2146:Island castle
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2114:By topography
2112:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2086:Submarine pen
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2041:Hesco bastion
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1956:Blast shelter
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1833:
1826:
1825:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
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1725:Place-of-arms
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1358:Machicolation
1356:
1354:
1353:L-plan castle
1351:
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1086:Bridge castle
1084:
1081:
1080:
1075:
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1067:
1066:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1050:
1049:Bent entrance
1047:
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1035:
1034:Battery tower
1032:
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1017:
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985:Advanced work
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909:Refuge castle
907:
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679:1-85367-455-9
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497:
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476:
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468:
466:
465:Machicolation
463:
461:
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440:
436:
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428:
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323:
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315:
311:
307:
303:
300:Although the
296:
291:
287:
285:
281:
280:Beaufort West
277:
276:Fort Beaufort
273:
272:Somerset West
269:
265:
261:
257:
252:
250:
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242:
238:
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230:
226:
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117:
109:
104:
95:
93:
89:
85:
81:
80:
79:
78:porte coleice
73:
69:
61:
57:
53:
48:
41:
37:
32:
19:
4143:Phaleristics
4076:Roll of arms
4042:Applications
3954:Bleu celeste
3940:Rare colours
3633:Ormonde/Wake
3518:Fleur-de-lis
3080:Inescutcheon
3045:Crozier head
2890:Coat of arms
2777:Augmentation
2684:King of Arms
2598:
2553:Siege engine
2521:Other topics
2445:Related word
2411:Defense line
2375:Tower castle
2330:Bastion fort
2314:Urban castle
2242:Ganerbenburg
2240:
2195:Water castle
2171:Ridge castle
2156:Marsh castle
1971:Bomb shelter
1951:Belgian gate
1924:20th century
1835:19th century
1773:Retrenchment
1745:Punji sticks
1654:Entrenchment
1649:Device Forts
1616:Counterguard
1551:Early modern
1481:Tower castle
1417:Powder tower
1406:
1392:Outer bailey
1304:Inner bailey
1278:Gulyay-gorod
1246:Ganerbenburg
1244:
1240:Fujian tulou
1182:Corner tower
1121:Chamber gate
1091:Bridge tower
939:Trou de loup
669:
662:Bibliography
647:. Retrieved
642:
633:
616:
610:
585:
577:
565:. Retrieved
561:
548:
536:. Retrieved
532:
519:
510:
499:
496:"portcullis"
489:
444:
438:
422:
408:
394:
380:
353:
326:
299:
253:
221:Royal badges
206:
181:Hever Castle
170:
150:murder-holes
139:
113:
75:
67:
65:
18:Portcullises
4148:Vexillology
3909:Rare metals
3889:(blood red)
3487:Winged lion
3467:Sea-griffin
3402:Hippocampus
3335:Allocamelus
2977:Fimbriation
2905:Compartment
2882:Achievement
2850:Marshalling
2816:distinction
2674:Law of arms
2659:Authorities
2452:Castle town
2309:Toll castle
2278:Lustschloss
2260:Kaiserpfalz
2190:Spur castle
2185:Rock castle
2126:Hill castle
2121:Cave castle
2081:Spider hole
1981:Bremer wall
1946:Barbed tape
1842:Barbed wire
1516:Witch tower
1486:Tower house
1476:Toll castle
1462:Shield wall
1382:Murder hole
1271:Guard tower
888:Pincer gate
835:Faussebraye
405:Wallingford
362:and on the
264:Cape Colony
239:, a junior
231:of English
166:crossbowmen
4203:Categories
4093:equestrian
3877:(mulberry)
3603:Harrington
3533:Quatrefoil
3462:Salamander
3407:Hippogriff
3365:Cockatrice
3345:Amphiptere
3317:Wolfsangel
3297:Portcullis
3209:Black swan
3163:Camelopard
2992:Ordinaries
2910:Escutcheon
2860:impalement
2855:quartering
2838:variations
2756:Attributed
2694:pursuivant
2477:Gatekeeper
2297:Ordensburg
2269:Landesburg
2076:Sentry gun
2031:Flak tower
1961:Blast wall
1881:Gun turret
1778:Sally port
1683:Kotta mara
1623:Couvreface
1587:Breastwork
1582:Blockhouse
1560:Abwurfdach
1511:Watchtower
1501:Wall tower
1457:Shell keep
1407:Portcullis
1402:Peel tower
1387:Neck ditch
1346:Landesburg
1294:Half tower
1252:Gate tower
1197:Drawbridge
1039:Battlement
955:Wagon fort
798:Chengqiang
481:References
470:Sally port
455:Drawbridge
314:Parliament
310:Henry VIII
217:Tudor rose
158:Arrowslits
72:Old French
70:(from
68:portcullis
4186:resources
4131:socialist
4054:Hatchment
4049:Bookplate
4029:Carnation
4016:Realistic
3829:Erminites
3667:Tinctures
3618:Hinckaert
3583:Bourchier
3437:Ouroboros
3422:Manticore
3327:Legendary
3302:Reremouse
3239:Przepaska
3168:Hind/stag
3158:Dog/hound
2967:Attitudes
2944:Supporter
2872:Societies
2833:divisions
2782:abatement
2580:Guerrilla
2323:By design
2071:Revetment
1886:Land mine
1817:Star fort
1644:Crownwork
1639:Covertway
1572:Barricade
1213:Embrasure
1126:Chartaque
1056:Bergfried
1014:Arrowslit
840:Gatehouse
810:City gate
771:Castellum
737:Acropolis
268:Worcester
258:, son of
213:Henry VII
179:in York,
42:, Ireland
4138:Logotype
4081:Illyrian
3963:Brunâtre
3887:Sanguine
3824:Erminois
3792:(purple)
3685:Hatching
3680:Tricking
3643:Stafford
3543:Shamrock
3492:Woodwose
3472:Sea-lion
3442:Pantheon
3417:Lindworm
3360:Chollima
3355:Biscione
3350:Basilisk
3272:Crapaudy
3173:Kangaroo
3035:Componée
3029:Łękawica
2925:pavilion
2920:Mantling
2799:courtesy
2794:Alliance
2722:dominion
2717:National
2648:Heraldry
2605:Category
2595:See also
2482:Loophole
2370:Ringwork
2365:Ringfort
2290:Obstacle
2131:Hillfort
2051:Loophole
1849:Barbette
1824:Tenaille
1807:Sea fort
1737:Presidio
1697:Magazine
1678:Hornwork
1611:Cavalier
1606:Casemate
1599:Caponier
1442:Ringwork
1330:Detinets
1299:Hoarding
1204:Enceinte
1079:Bretèche
1024:Bartizan
1019:Barbican
995:Alcazaba
923:Stockade
903:Ringfort
883:Palisade
855:Landwehr
850:Hillfort
449:See also
254:Through
233:heraldry
195:Heraldry
177:Monk Bar
142:entrance
116:medieval
110:, Erfurt
60:Sardinia
56:Cagliari
4114:Related
3982:Cendrée
3965:(brown)
3819:Ermines
3790:Purpure
3780:(green)
3756:(black)
3729:Colours
3709:(white)
3613:Heneage
3555:Thistle
3548:Trefoil
3482:Unicorn
3457:Phoenix
3452:Pegasus
3447:Panther
3432:Musimon
3427:Mermaid
3412:Lampago
3382:Enfield
3375:Chinese
3312:Serpent
3307:Scallop
3277:Dolphin
3251:Pelican
3246:Martlet
3234:Szaszor
3204:Alerion
3178:Leopard
3153:Bull/ox
3127:Saltire
3115:Roundel
3090:Lozenge
3060:Flaunch
3025:Chevron
3015:Bordure
3000:Annulet
2972:Erasure
2959:Charges
2823:Canting
2811:Cadency
2772:Armiger
2746:Burgher
2699:private
2669:History
2512:Vedette
2502:Schloss
2467:Festung
2462:Dungeon
2457:Château
2401:Castles
2209:By role
2066:Pillbox
1896:Outpost
1812:Station
1800:Schanze
1783:Sandbag
1768:Redoubt
1752:Ravelin
1720:Palanka
1704:Orillon
1690:Lunette
1632:Coupure
1577:Bastion
1567:Arsenal
1535:Zwinger
1447:Roundel
1437:Ricetto
1412:Postern
1397:Outwork
1321:Kremlin
1192:Curtain
1167:Citadel
1151:Chemise
1111:Caltrop
1029:Bastion
1002:Alcázar
898:Rampart
876:Oppidum
869:Nuraghe
815:Crannog
789:Castros
725:Ancient
625:3679100
389:of the
243:in the
223:of the
162:archers
154:Hot oil
119:castles
62:, Italy
4126:Emblem
4100:Tabard
4024:Proper
4003:
3998:Orange
3995:
3987:
3979:
3971:
3969:
3961:
3959:
3951:
3948:
3927:
3925:
3920:Copper
3917:
3896:
3893:
3884:
3881:
3875:Murrey
3872:
3869:
3862:Stains
3851:Potent
3814:Ermine
3787:
3784:
3775:
3772:
3768:(blue)
3763:
3760:
3751:
3748:
3739:
3736:
3721:(gold)
3716:
3713:
3707:Argent
3704:
3701:
3694:Metals
3560:Turnip
3511:Plants
3497:Wyvern
3387:Garuda
3370:Dragon
3340:Alphyn
3136:Beasts
3120:Bezant
3075:Hamade
3065:Goutte
3020:Canton
2937:slogan
2915:Helmet
2806:Blazon
2765:Topics
2689:herald
2507:Trench
2497:Picket
1908:Sangar
1861:Bunker
1793:Sconce
1713:Ostrog
1661:Flèche
1544:Modern
1523:Yagura
1491:Turret
1427:Reduit
1365:Merlon
1309:Kasbah
1287:Gusuku
1264:Glacis
1257:Gabion
1226:church
1133:Chashi
1116:Castle
960:Laager
948:Vallum
905:(Rath)
780:Castra
762:Burgus
732:Abatis
676:
649:1 June
623:
598:
567:4 July
538:4 July
278:, and
249:London
127:chains
92:grille
4071:Badge
3990:Ochre
3899:Tenné
3766:Azure
3754:Sable
3744:(red)
3742:Gules
3638:Savoy
3598:Dacre
3588:Bowen
3575:Knots
3477:Tyger
3397:Harpy
3282:Emmet
3260:Other
3229:Eagle
3197:Birds
3085:Label
3070:Gyron
3050:Chief
3040:Cross
2982:Lines
2949:Torse
2932:Motto
2900:Crest
2845:Fraud
2828:Field
2751:Women
2739:papal
2727:civic
2710:Types
2548:Siege
2492:Palas
2436:Walls
2426:Forts
2389:Lists
2236:Fence
2178:Rocca
2046:Kabal
1761:Redan
1668:Gorge
1592:Canal
1469:Shiro
1432:Ribat
1422:Qalat
1234:Dzong
1230:house
930:Sudis
862:Limes
820:Ditch
753:Broch
744:Agger
621:JSTOR
415:crest
345:crest
229:motif
219:into
135:winch
131:ropes
123:siege
98:Usage
74:
36:Adare
4088:Seal
4059:Flag
4006:Rose
3973:Buff
3929:Buff
3846:Vair
3834:Pean
3801:Furs
3778:Vert
3653:Wake
3628:Lacy
3538:Rose
3502:Yale
3292:Lucy
3224:Dove
3219:Crow
3214:Cock
3188:Wolf
3183:Lion
3148:Boar
3143:Bear
3110:Pile
3105:Pall
3100:Pale
3095:Orle
3055:Fess
3010:Bend
2558:list
1976:Buoy
1530:Yett
1372:Moat
1339:Ksar
1314:Keep
1106:Caer
1096:Burh
1072:Boom
1065:Berm
1044:Bawn
1009:Amba
845:Gord
674:ISBN
651:2020
596:ISBN
569:2011
540:2011
475:Yett
431:arms
401:arms
387:arms
284:Lord
164:and
146:wood
84:gate
4121:Mon
3528:Oak
3287:Ged
3267:Bee
3005:Bar
830:Dun
592:113
433:of
417:of
403:of
247:at
129:or
54:in
4205::
3719:Or
2597::
1232:,
1228:,
641:.
594:.
560:.
556:.
531:.
527:.
498:.
437::
421::
393::
378:.
274:,
270:,
191:.
175:,
152:.
66:A
58:,
38:,
3031:)
3027:(
2640:e
2633:t
2626:v
1334:)
1326:(
1236:)
963:)
957:(
710:e
703:t
696:v
682:.
653:.
627:.
604:.
571:.
542:.
504:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
