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These differences help explain certain irregular childcare options. Compared to Latino immigrant groups, Asians are more likely than
Latinos to enroll their children in pre-kindergarten programs due to the inclusion of academics. The focus of pre-academic, school readiness is important to Asian parents. Latino immigrant parents by contrast generally opt for more informal childcare options, such as parental, relative or non-relative in-home care. This is due in part to the opinion that academic skills are to be taught through formal instruction after children enter primary school. While Latino families value the acquisition of academic skills, the in-home childcare choice is a reflection of the importance of cultural and linguistic values and traditional family dynamics. Parents with limited English proficiency are more likely to choose parental or in-home care instead of pre-kindergarten programs.
682:(NICHD), low-income immigrant families are less likely to use center-based childcare, such as pre-kindergarten, than children of non-immigrants. While some Latino families prefer in-home childcare, many report wanting to enroll their children in a pre-kindergarten program. Interviews with immigrant mothers revealed common motivations for seeking pre-kindergarten placements for their children, including maternal employment, opportunity to learn English and social and emotional development. Obstacles immigrant mothers reported facing included high cost, long wait-lists, a need to provide documentation (especially for illegal aliens and those who lacked English-language proficiency) and a lack of information regarding eligibility for subsidized programs. On average, immigrants tend to experience higher poverty rates due to low wages, less education and a lack of English proficiency.
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randomized control found that children randomly assigned to undertake full-day pre-K had substantially greater outcomes in cognition, literacy, math, and physical development, at the end of pre-K, than their peers who were randomly assigned to undertake half-day pre-K. A longitudinal randomized control study of 2,990 low-income children in
Tennessee found that "children randomly assigned to attend pre-K had lower state achievement test scores in third through sixth grades than control children, with the strongest negative effects in sixth grade. A negative effect was also found for disciplinary infractions, attendance, and receipt of special education services, with null effects on retention."
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cognitive and language skills. Pre-K's focus on cognitive, social, emotional and physical development would address these skills and reduce the inequalities in school readiness between children from immigrant and non-immigrant families. Educators must be sensitive to sensitivities of immigrant groups regarding the acquisition of the
English language versus their native-language. Pre-K could help children build either or both skills. For most US students, English fluency is essential.
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and residency requirement. In the 2013-14 school year, 80% of VPK programs were housed at private centers, 18% were housed at public schools, 1% were housed at family daycares, and 1% were housed at private schools. The program resulted in an increase in pre-k participation, which was about 80% in 2014. The program has suffered a decline in funding; in 2019, the
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amendment requiring that the state establish a free voluntary pre-kindergarten (VPK) program for all four-year-old children by fall 2005. Florida's program is the largest state-level preschool program in the nation. It is universal, meaning that all children are eligible so long as they meet the age
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Funding for Pre-K has proven a substantial obstacle for creating and expanding programs. The issue produced multiple approaches. Several governors and mayors targeted existing budgets. San
Antonio increased sales taxes, while Virginia and Maine look to gambling. In Oregon, currently 20% of kids have
647:
The Perry
Preschool Project was a study on the impact of pre-kindergarten programs on outcomes for disadvantaged youth. The availability of high-quality pre-kindergarten education was found to have a statistically significant association with higher high school graduation rates, lower crime rates,
665:
Children of immigrants represent the fastest growing US population. Asians and
Latinos are the two largest racial groups. Like all families, immigrants have choices when pursuing childcare options. Cultural differences shape childcare choices, such as attitudes towards early academic development.
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as among the leaders in public program quality and fraction of enrolled children. Florida had the highest enrollment in 2012 — almost four-fifths of all four-year-olds. About 84 percent were in private, religion-based or family centers. That state's preschool programs did not fare well on quality
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While many children benefit from pre-kindergarten and early childhood education, immigrant children, particularly those from lower socio-economic households, stand to benefit the most. Studies indicate that first and second generation immigrants lag behind children of non-immigrant families in
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reports that the percentage of U.S. three-, four-, and five-year-olds enrolled in pre-primary programs (including kindergarten and preschool programs) has stayed roughly stable from 2000 to 2017. U.S. participation rates in 2017 were 40% for three-year-olds, 68% for four-year-olds, and 86% for
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found in Italy that pre-kindergarten "increased mothers' participation in the labor market and lowered the reservation wage of the unemployed, thus increasing their likelihood of finding a job" but "did not affect children's cognitive development, irrespective of their family background." A
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was elected on a pledge of Pre-K for all city children. A poll conducted in 2014 for an early education nonprofit advocate found that 60 percent of registered
Republicans and 84 percent of Democrats supported expanding public preschool by raising the federal
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Miller, Portia; Votruba-Drzal, Elizabeth; Coley, Rebekah Levine (2013). "Predictors of early care and education type among preschool-aged children in immigrant families: The role of region of origin and characteristics of the immigrant experience".
467:" more accurately approximates the name "pre-kindergarten", for both focus on harvesting the same four child development areas in subject-directed fashion. The term "preschool" often refers to such schools that are owned and operated as private or
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140:. The reason given is: Needs to reflect the history of the subject, as well as more recent developments pertaining to the structure and prevalence of pre-kindergarten programs, particularly subsidized programs..
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The US Census Bureau forecast that the foreign-born population in the United States would make up 19% of the US population by 2060 (up from 13% in 2014). Children of immigrant families face special challenges.
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De Feyter, Jessica
Johnson; Winsler, Adam (2009). "The early developmental competencies and school readiness of low-income, immigrant children: Influences of generation, race/ethnicity, and national origins".
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Vesely, Colleen K. (2013). "Low-income
African and Latina immigrant mothers' selection of early childhood care and education (ECCE): Considering the complexity of cultural and structural influences".
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Harris, Angel L.; Jamison, Kenneth M.; Trujillo, Monica H. (2008). "Disparities in the
Educational Success of Immigrants: An Assessment of the Immigrant Effect for Asians and Latinos".
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program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967. This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.
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access to publicly funded Pre-K of any kind, and a 2016 campaign is working to fully fund Pre-K to 12 education, for all kids whose parents want them to have the option of Pre-K.
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Colby, S. & Ortman, J. (2014). Projections of the Size and Composition of the U.S. Population: 2014 to 2060. Current Population Reports, P25-1143. U.S. Census Bureau.
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development. They commonly follow a set of organization-created teaching standards in shaping curriculum and instructional activities and goals. The term "
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under the supervision of a public school administrator and funded completely by state or federally allocated funds, and private donations.
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Carta, Francesca; Rizzica, Lucia (2018). "Early kindergarten, maternal labor supply and children's outcomes: Evidence from Italy".
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Brandon, Peter D. (2004). "The Child Care Arrangements of Preschool-Age Children in Immigrant Families in the United States".
904:, EdPolicyWorks Report, University of Virginia Curry School of Education/Frank Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy].
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Crosnoe, Robert (2018). "Early Child Care and the School Readiness of Children from Mexican Immigrant Families".
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Florida's Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten Program: An Overview of the Largest State Pre-School Program in the Nation
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976:"Effects of a statewide pre-kindergarten program on children's achievement and behavior through sixth grade"
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The Effects of Full-day Pre-kindergarten: Experimental Evidence of Impacts on Children's School Readiness
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measures. Other states with more than 50 percent enrollment included Wisconsin, Iowa, Texas and Vermont.
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Editorial: Pre-K failures are a sign of the Florida Legislature’s contempt for citizen initiatives
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program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada, Turkey and Greece (when
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440:. They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations. The U.S.
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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1253:"Family Socioeconomic Status, Immigration, and Children's Transitions into School"
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786:"Public and private prekindergarten programs: A comparison of student readiness"
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471:. Pre-kindergartens refer to such school classrooms that function within a
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629:"has neglected the pre-K program almost since it was approved by voters."
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809:, National Center for Education Statistics (last updated February 2019).
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A 2012 review by the National Institute for Early Education Research at
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lower teen pregnancy rates, and better economic outcomes in adulthood.
495:, provide at least some state funding for pre-K programs. Nine states (
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Pre-kindergartens differentiate themselves from other child care by
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Daphna Bassok, Luke C. Miller, Eva Galdo, & Amanda J. Johnson,
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The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
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Durkin, Kelley; Lipsey, Mark; Farran, Dale; Wiesen, Sarah (2022).
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State Pre-K Funding 2016-17 Fiscal Year: Trends and Opportunities
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The SAGE Encyclopedia of Contemporary Early Childhood Education
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578:, enacted or expanded pre-K programs. In New York City, Mayor
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National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
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Couchenour, Donna; Chrisman, J. Kent (16 August 2016).
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Pérez-Peña, Richard; Rich, Motoko (February 3, 2014).
1304:
Child Care & Early Education Research Connections
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825:, Education Commission of the States (January 2017).
963:(Thesis). Annenberg Institute at Brown University.
784:Andrews, Shirley P.; Slate, John R. (March 2002).
756:
821:Louisa Diffey, Emily Parker, and Bruce Atchison,
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16:School program for children before kindergarten
5514:Early childhood education in the United States
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718:—a related type of establishment found in the
491:As of 2016–17, a total of 44 states, plus the
436:. Pre-kindergartens play an important role in
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740:"At What Age Can You Start Pre-K in Georgia?"
386:
73:The examples and perspective in this article
5437:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
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842:"Preschool Push Moving Ahead in Many States"
783:
531:) plus D.C. include pre-K funding in their
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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676:Survey of Income and Program Participation
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535:. Conversely, as of 2016-17, six states (
165:Learn how and when to remove this message
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
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485:National Center for Education Statistics
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428:starts). It may be delivered through a
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1366:Educational years in the United States
1251:Crosnoe, Robert; Ansari, Arya (2016).
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1043:The High/Scope Perry Preschool Project
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559:) provide no state funding for pre-K.
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1048:(Report). U.S. Department of Justice.
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807:Preschool and Kindergarten Enrollment
661:Cultural values and childcare options
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2588:Ancient higher-learning institutions
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455:development, physical development,
13:
1226:Early Childhood Research Quarterly
1198:Early Childhood Research Quarterly
1074:Children and Youth Services Review
674:According to information from the
614:In 2002, Florida voters enacted a
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34:This article has multiple issues.
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5001:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
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4043:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
3813:Democratic Republic of the Congo
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1183:10.1111/j.0020-7985.2004.00274.x
1113:10.1111/j.1747-7379.2007.00060.x
1086:10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.04.024
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625:editorial board wrote that the
451:focusing on building a child's
42:or discuss these issues on the
5158:Federated States of Micronesia
4453:British Indian Ocean Territory
1101:International Migration Review
957:Wong, Vivian C. (2019-06-07).
907:
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790:Educational Research Quarterly
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432:or within a reception year in
1:
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944:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2017.12.012
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184:A pre-kindergarten playground
5126:United States Virgin Islands
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1994:University technical college
1238:10.1016/j.ecresq.2009.07.004
1210:10.1016/j.ecresq.2013.02.001
7:
4888:Education in North America
932:Journal of Public Economics
867:"Fully Fund Oregon Schools"
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685:
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640:Journal of Public Economics
87:, discuss the issue on the
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5333:Education in South America
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1923:College-preparatory school
301:Institutions and standards
5519:Early childhood education
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1933:Comprehensive high school
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1509:Early childhood education
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1024:"Perry Preschool Project"
773:– via Google Books.
711:Transitional kindergarten
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438:early childhood education
268:Early childhood education
136:This article needs to be
5304:Northern Mariana Islands
5121:Turks and Caicos Islands
4202:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
3798:Central African Republic
2290:State-integrated school
2164:By funding / eligibility
1943:Continuation high school
1148:10.1177/0002716208322765
980:Developmental Psychology
5269:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
4463:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
2703:Educational institution
2323:Anarchistic free school
2069:Institute of technology
1171:International Migration
533:school funding formulas
347:Child Online Protection
5051:British Virgin Islands
4565:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2533:Compensatory education
2285:State or public school
2111:Upper division college
744:Education - Seattle PI
652:Children of immigrants
185:
5252:and other territories
4991:Saint Kitts and Nevis
3958:São Tomé and Príncipe
3818:Republic of the Congo
2189:Comprehensive school
2116:Vocational university
763:. SAGE Publications.
183:
5140:Education in Oceania
4516:Education in Europe
4377:United Arab Emirates
3744:Education in Africa
2967:Instructional design
2652:in the United States
2543:Continuing education
2538:Compulsory education
2382:Free school movement
2350:Single-sex education
2335:International school
2318:Democratic education
2197:For-profit education
2184:Community day school
2079:Liberal arts college
1938:Comprehensive school
1928:Collegiate institute
873:on February 16, 2015
716:Pre-school playgroup
637:A 2018 study in the
616:state constitutional
493:District of Columbia
260:Educational settings
252:Pre-school playgroup
93:create a new article
85:improve this article
75:may not represent a
5006:Trinidad and Tobago
4901:Antigua and Barbuda
4781:States with limited
4404:limited recognition
4033:States with limited
3732:Education by region
3458:Secondary education
3370:Teaching philosophy
3273:Pedagogical pattern
3216:21st century skills
3195:Religious education
2838:Aims and objectives
2661:Informal or illegal
2615:Medieval university
2558:Inclusive education
2528:College preparatory
2089:Residential college
2084:Research university
2021:Professional school
1896:/ Elementary school
1519:Secondary education
706:Forest kindergarten
627:Florida Legislature
5524:Educational stages
5467:Schools portal
4941:Dominican Republic
4136:Education in Asia
3463:Tertiary education
3401:Learning resources
2892:Education sciences
2723:Schools portal
2628:indigenous peoples
2625:Schools imposed on
2563:Remedial education
2497:Distance education
2313:Alternative school
2302:By style / purpose
2277:Specialist school
2136:All-through school
1984:Sixth form college
1524:Tertiary education
1269:10.1111/fare.12171
992:10.1037/dev0001301
846:The New York Times
596:Rutgers University
576:San Antonio, Texas
574:, and the city of
186:
5529:Educational years
5496:
5495:
5450:
5449:
5446:
5445:
5418:other territories
5327:
5326:
5319:Wallis and Futuna
5227:Associated states
5134:
5133:
5023:other territories
4882:
4881:
4509:
4508:
4446:other territories
4129:
4128:
4060:other territories
3833:Equatorial Guinea
3722:
3721:
3697:
3696:
3693:
3692:
3688:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3678:
3616:
3615:
3611:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3601:
3557:
3556:
3552:
3551:
3548:
3547:
3543:
3542:
3500:
3499:
3495:
3494:
3453:Primary education
3424:
3423:
3313:Dialogic learning
3283:Teacher retention
3236:Critical thinking
3231:Class arrangement
3200:Special education
2875:Standardized test
2858:Course evaluation
2751:
2750:
2686:
2685:
2568:Special education
2548:Further education
2475:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2410:
2409:
2397:Montessori school
2392:Laboratory school
2355:Specialist school
2293:
2280:
2225:UK private school
2210:
2192:
2174:
2159:
2158:
2124:
2123:
2059:Community college
2031:Vocational school
1913:Adult high school
1827:educational stage
1783:
1782:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1677:
1676:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1514:Primary education
1458:
1457:
1334:
1333:
1325:Succeeded by
1319:Pre-kindergarten
469:parochial schools
459:development, and
434:elementary school
416:) is a voluntary
403:
402:
175:
174:
167:
157:
156:
121:
120:
113:
95:, as appropriate.
57:
5546:
5486:
5485:
5476:
5475:
5465:
5464:
5463:
5438:
5426:Falkland Islands
5340:Sovereign states
5329:
5328:
5309:Pitcairn Islands
5279:French Polynesia
5264:Christmas Island
5193:Papua New Guinea
5173:Marshall Islands
5146:Sovereign states
5136:
5135:
5091:Saint Barthélemy
5021:Dependencies and
4894:Sovereign states
4884:
4883:
4819:Dependencies and
4523:Sovereign states
4511:
4510:
4499:
4489:
4488:
4458:Christmas Island
4144:Sovereign states
4131:
4130:
4121:
4120:(United Kingdom)
4116:Tristan da Cunha
4112:Ascension Island
4104:
4091:
4082:
4058:Dependencies and
3751:Sovereign states
3739:
3738:
3728:
3727:
3711:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3653:
3629:Higher education
3625:
3624:
3620:
3619:
3584:
3583:
3579:
3578:
3570:Secondary school
3566:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3521:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3503:
3475:
3474:
3470:
3469:
3444:
3443:
3430:
3429:
3358:Student-centered
3343:Phenomenon-based
3333:Peer instruction
3298:Blended learning
3221:Bloom's taxonomy
3185:Gifted education
3180:Education reform
3012:Computer science
2793:
2792:
2778:
2771:
2764:
2755:
2754:
2741:
2740:
2731:
2730:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2610:Cathedral school
2593:Platonic Academy
2581:
2580:
2553:Gifted education
2507:Prison education
2453:Parochial school
2438:Christian school
2421:
2420:
2387:Folk high school
2375:
2374:
2306:
2305:
2291:
2279:(United Kingdom)
2278:
2262:Selective school
2208:
2190:
2172:
2026:Technical school
2014:
2013:
1978:Secondary school
1882:Global influence
1849:Pre-kindergarten
1832:
1831:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1787:
1786:
1772:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1690:Higher education
1686:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1631:Secondary school
1627:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1582:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1564:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1530:
1505:
1504:
1485:
1478:
1471:
1462:
1461:
1450:Thirteenth grade
1376:Pre-kindergarten
1360:
1353:
1346:
1337:
1336:
1312:Preceded by
1309:
1308:
1291:
1290:
1280:
1257:Family Relations
1248:
1242:
1241:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1080:(9): 1342–1355.
1068:
1059:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1003:
971:
965:
964:
954:
948:
947:
927:
921:
918:Orlando Sentinel
911:
905:
898:
883:
882:
880:
878:
869:. Archived from
863:
857:
856:
854:
852:
837:
826:
819:
810:
804:
798:
797:
781:
775:
774:
754:
748:
747:
736:
622:Orlando Sentinel
488:five-year-olds.
406:Pre-kindergarten
395:
388:
381:
315:In loco parentis
309:Child protection
278:Pre-kindergarten
239:Outside the home
188:
187:
170:
163:
152:
149:
143:
131:
130:
123:
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
68:
67:
60:
49:
27:
26:
19:
5554:
5553:
5549:
5548:
5547:
5545:
5544:
5543:
5499:
5498:
5497:
5492:
5461:
5459:
5442:
5436:
5419:
5417:
5407:
5334:
5323:
5251:
5245:
5228:
5222:
5203:Solomon Islands
5141:
5130:
5024:
5022:
5015:
4889:
4878:
4862:
4820:
4814:
4800:Northern Cyprus
4782:
4776:
4697:North Macedonia
4518:
4505:
4477:
4445:
4436:
4417:Northern Cyprus
4403:
4396:
4138:
4125:
4124:
4119:
4102:
4089:
4080:
4061:
4059:
4052:
4036:
4034:
4027:
3746:
3733:
3718:
3717:
3698:
3689:
3680:
3672:
3665:
3643:
3631:
3612:
3603:
3595:
3590:
3572:
3553:
3544:
3536:
3531:
3515:
3496:
3488:
3481:
3437:
3420:
3374:
3293:Active learning
3288:Teaching method
3263:Learning theory
3204:
3170:Autodidacticism
3165:Adult education
3151:
3092:Performing arts
2973:
2880:Teacher quality
2870:Standards-based
2826:
2798:
2787:
2782:
2752:
2747:
2717:
2715:
2707:
2682:
2656:
2647:in South Africa
2630:
2626:
2619:
2605:Monastic school
2572:
2516:
2487:Boarding school
2467:
2443:Female seminary
2433:Catholic school
2406:
2364:
2297:
2267:Separate school
2155:
2146:One-room school
2120:
2064:Graduate school
2035:
2003:
1899:
1858:
1836:Early childhood
1820:
1814:
1784:
1779:
1778:
1759:
1750:
1741:
1733:
1726:
1704:
1692:
1673:
1664:
1656:
1651:
1633:
1614:
1605:
1597:
1592:
1576:
1557:
1549:
1542:
1498:
1489:
1459:
1454:
1367:
1364:
1330:
1321:
1315:
1300:
1295:
1294:
1249:
1245:
1221:
1217:
1194:
1190:
1167:
1163:
1132:
1128:
1097:
1093:
1069:
1062:
1057:
1053:
1045:
1039:
1035:
1022:
1021:
1017:
972:
968:
955:
951:
928:
924:
920:(May 28, 2019).
912:
908:
899:
886:
876:
874:
865:
864:
860:
850:
848:
838:
829:
820:
813:
805:
801:
782:
778:
771:
755:
751:
738:
737:
733:
728:
697:
688:
678:(SIPP) and the
672:
663:
654:
635:
481:
399:
211:Extended family
177:
171:
160:
159:
158:
153:
147:
144:
141:
132:
128:
117:
106:
100:
97:
82:
69:
65:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5552:
5542:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5494:
5493:
5491:
5490:
5480:
5470:
5455:
5452:
5451:
5448:
5447:
5444:
5443:
5441:
5440:
5433:
5428:
5422:
5420:
5412:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5344:
5342:
5336:
5335:
5325:
5324:
5322:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5299:Norfolk Island
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5259:American Samoa
5255:
5253:
5247:
5246:
5244:
5243:
5238:
5232:
5230:
5229:of New Zealand
5224:
5223:
5221:
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5149:
5147:
5143:
5142:
5132:
5131:
5129:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5111:Sint Eustatius
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5056:Cayman Islands
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5027:
5025:
5020:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4897:
4895:
4891:
4890:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4876:
4874:European Union
4870:
4868:
4867:Other entities
4864:
4863:
4861:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4824:
4822:
4821:other entities
4816:
4815:
4813:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4786:
4784:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4772:United Kingdom
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4585:Czech Republic
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4526:
4524:
4520:
4519:
4507:
4506:
4504:
4503:
4493:
4482:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4449:
4447:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4408:
4406:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4148:
4146:
4140:
4139:
4127:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4105:
4092:
4083:
4069:Canary Islands
4065:
4064:
4062:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4050:
4045:
4039:
4037:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3754:
3752:
3748:
3747:
3735:
3734:
3724:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3716:
3715:
3704:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3695:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3686:
3685:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3675:
3674:
3667:
3657:
3650:
3649:
3638:
3633:
3623:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3604:
3600:
3598:
3597:
3592:
3582:
3575:
3574:
3564:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3533:
3525:
3518:
3517:
3513:Primary school
3507:
3501:
3498:
3497:
3493:
3491:
3490:
3483:
3473:
3466:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3426:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3366:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3259:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3226:Cognitive load
3223:
3218:
3212:
3210:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3161:
3159:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2983:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2969:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2897:Evidence-based
2894:
2889:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2861:
2860:
2845:
2840:
2834:
2832:
2831:By perspective
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2808:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2789:
2788:
2781:
2780:
2773:
2766:
2758:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2735:
2725:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2694:
2692:
2691:Related topics
2688:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2680:
2678:in South Tyrol
2675:
2670:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2642:in New Zealand
2639:
2633:
2631:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2601:
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2220:Private school
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2199:
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2179:Charter school
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2028:
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2017:
2011:
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1996:
1991:
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1981:
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1973:Minor seminary
1970:
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1960:
1955:
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1948:Grammar school
1945:
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1930:
1925:
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1894:Primary school
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1298:External links
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1232:(4): 411–431.
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3663:Undergraduate
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3308:Demonstration
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3303:Contemplative
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3190:Homeschooling
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3037:Environmental
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2428:Bible college
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2340:Magnet school
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2292:(New Zealand)
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2198:
2195:
2193:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2141:Middle school
2139:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
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2080:
2077:
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2024:
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2019:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1995:
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1990:
1989:Studio school
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:/ High school
1979:
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1969:
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1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1918:Cadet college
1916:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1889:Junior school
1887:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1877:Infant school
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1865:
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1855:
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1724:Undergraduate
1722:
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1716:
1713:
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1708:
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1700:
1698:
1695:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1679:
1660:
1654:
1650:
1649:Middle school
1647:
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1632:
1629:
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1451:
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1445:Twelfth grade
1443:
1441:
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1426:
1423:
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1420:Seventh grade
1418:
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1411:
1408:
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1398:
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1095:
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1065:
1055:
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1037:
1029:
1025:
1019:
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1007:
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985:
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962:
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895:
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612:
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608:West Virginia
605:
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592:
588:
586:
581:
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573:
569:
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560:
558:
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545:New Hampshire
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525:West Virginia
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
489:
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479:United States
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473:public school
470:
466:
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458:
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408:(also called
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101:February 2021
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62:
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56:
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47:
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30:
21:
20:
5539:Kindergarten
5534:School types
5458:
5414:Dependencies
5250:Dependencies
5236:Cook Islands
5116:Sint Maarten
5096:Saint Martin
4810:Transnistria
4442:Dependencies
4372:Turkmenistan
4337:Saudi Arabia
4108:Saint Helena
4079:
3983:South Africa
3973:Sierra Leone
3778:Burkina Faso
3670:Postgraduate
3486:Kindergarten
3338:Personalized
3318:Experiential
3278:Teacher look
2987:Agricultural
2843:Anthropology
2360:Vocal school
2345:Music school
2207:Free school
2151:Ranch school
1999:Upper school
1968:Maths school
1872:First school
1854:Kindergarten
1848:
1731:Postgraduate
1547:Kindergarten
1425:Eighth grade
1405:Fourth grade
1395:Second grade
1385:Kindergarten
1375:
1328:Kindergarten
1318:
1263:(1): 73–84.
1260:
1256:
1246:
1229:
1225:
1218:
1201:
1197:
1191:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1139:
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1129:
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1094:
1077:
1073:
1054:
1041:Greg Parks.
1036:
1027:
1018:
983:
979:
969:
959:
952:
935:
931:
925:
917:
909:
875:. Retrieved
871:the original
861:
849:. Retrieved
845:
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793:
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759:
752:
743:
734:
689:
673:
664:
655:
646:
638:
636:
620:
613:
593:
589:
561:
553:North Dakota
549:South Dakota
490:
482:
448:
446:
426:kindergarten
413:
409:
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404:
313:
288:Kindergarten
277:
176:
161:
145:
137:
107:
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74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
5488:WikiProject
5183:New Zealand
5086:Puerto Rico
4996:Saint Lucia
4946:El Salvador
4848:Isle of Man
4783:recognition
4757:Switzerland
4692:Netherlands
4501:Asia portal
4402:States with
4322:Philippines
4262:South Korea
4257:North Korea
4152:Afghanistan
4035:recognition
3988:South Sudan
3878:Ivory Coast
3594:High school
3391:Definitions
3268:Lesson plan
3157:Alternative
3062:Mathematics
3032:Engineering
2480:By location
2370:Progressive
2272:Sink school
2241:University
2230:preparatory
1958:Hauptschule
1655:High school
1435:Tenth grade
1430:Ninth grade
1415:Sixth grade
1410:Fifth grade
1400:Third grade
1390:First grade
1107:: 152–181.
851:October 14,
796:(3): 59–73.
598:identified
585:tobacco tax
337:Child abuse
5503:Categories
5081:Montserrat
5076:Martinique
5071:Guadeloupe
4926:Costa Rica
4727:San Marino
4687:Montenegro
4667:Luxembourg
4647:Kazakhstan
4550:Azerbaijan
4382:Uzbekistan
4357:Tajikistan
4272:Kyrgyzstan
4252:Kazakhstan
4172:Bangladesh
4162:Azerbaijan
4090:(Portugal)
4048:Somaliland
3968:Seychelles
3933:Mozambique
3918:Mauritania
3903:Madagascar
3858:The Gambia
3793:Cape Verde
3646:Continuing
3636:Vocational
3241:Curriculum
3175:Democratic
3147:Vocational
3137:Technology
3097:Philosophy
2979:By subject
2957:Technology
2937:Psychology
2922:Philosophy
2912:Leadership
2853:Evaluation
2848:Assessment
2668:in Ireland
2577:Historical
2492:Day school
2104:Collegiate
2099:University
1707:Continuing
1697:Vocational
1494:of formal
1142:: 90–114.
938:: 79–102.
726:References
442:Head Start
352:Family law
221:Babysitter
39:improve it
5509:Childhood
5403:Venezuela
5348:Argentina
5153:Australia
5066:Greenland
4981:Nicaragua
4956:Guatemala
4838:Gibraltar
4662:Lithuania
4468:Hong Kong
4422:Palestine
4347:Sri Lanka
4342:Singapore
4222:Indonesia
3923:Mauritius
3479:Preschool
3379:Wikimedia
3117:Religious
3042:Euthenics
3027:Economics
3007:Chemistry
2997:Bilingual
2952:Sociology
2907:Inclusion
2887:Economics
2785:Education
2673:in Greece
2637:in Canada
2416:Religious
2215:Institute
2209:(England)
2191:(British)
2173:(England)
1953:Gymnasium
1905:Secondary
1844:Preschool
1540:Preschool
1496:education
1380:Preschool
1177:: 65–87.
1156:144186529
1121:146434326
1028:youth.gov
572:Minnesota
562:In 2013,
529:Wisconsin
465:preschool
461:cognitive
457:emotional
430:preschool
422:preschool
418:classroom
367:Parenting
362:Orphanage
283:Preschool
226:Governess
192:Childcare
148:July 2024
89:talk page
45:talk page
5478:Category
5393:Suriname
5383:Paraguay
5368:Colombia
5168:Kiribati
5031:Anguilla
4966:Honduras
4936:Dominica
4911:Barbados
4858:Svalbard
4843:Guernsey
4790:Abkhazia
4742:Slovenia
4737:Slovakia
4712:Portugal
4570:Bulgaria
4491:Category
4412:Abkhazia
4362:Thailand
4317:Pakistan
4297:Mongolia
4292:Maldives
4287:Malaysia
4187:Cambodia
4114: /
4110: /
4103:(France)
4097: /
4075: /
4071: /
4023:Zimbabwe
3998:Tanzania
3848:Ethiopia
3843:Eswatini
3823:Djibouti
3788:Cameroon
3773:Botswana
3363:Socratic
3323:Feedback
3209:Concepts
3102:Physical
3072:Military
3052:Language
3002:Business
2942:Research
2932:Politics
2917:Pedagogy
2812:Glossary
2797:Overview
2733:Category
2521:By scope
2448:Gurukula
2171:Academy
2129:Combined
2094:Seminary
2009:Tertiary
1287:30853737
1010:35007113
877:March 6,
695:See also
686:Benefits
670:Barriers
600:Oklahoma
568:Michigan
513:Oklahoma
505:Kentucky
497:Colorado
83:You may
5398:Uruguay
5373:Ecuador
5353:Bolivia
5314:Tokelau
5218:Vanuatu
5061:Curaçao
5046:Bonaire
5041:Bermuda
4971:Jamaica
4951:Grenada
4906:Bahamas
4767:Ukraine
4717:Romania
4677:Moldova
4635:Ireland
4630:Iceland
4625:Hungary
4615:Germany
4610:Georgia
4600:Finland
4595:Estonia
4590:Denmark
4575:Croatia
4560:Belgium
4555:Belarus
4545:Austria
4540:Armenia
4535:Andorra
4530:Albania
4387:Vietnam
4302:Myanmar
4282:Lebanon
4212:Georgia
4167:Bahrain
4157:Armenia
4099:Réunion
4095:Mayotte
4086:Madeira
4081:(Spain)
4077:Melilla
4008:Tunisia
3978:Somalia
3963:Senegal
3948:Nigeria
3938:Namibia
3928:Morocco
3893:Liberia
3888:Lesotho
3838:Eritrea
3808:Comoros
3783:Burundi
3758:Algeria
3666:→
3641:Further
3596:→
3591:→
3573:→
3537:→
3532:→
3516:→
3489:→
3482:→
3328:Passive
3251:Studies
3132:Teacher
3122:Science
3112:Reading
3107:Physics
3082:Nursing
3067:Medical
2902:History
2822:Outline
2804:General
2743:Commons
2463:Yeshiva
2458:Madrasa
2245:private
2054:College
2049:Academy
1864:Primary
1727:→
1702:Further
1657:→
1652:→
1634:→
1598:→
1593:→
1577:→
1550:→
1543:→
1278:6405210
1001:9716729
701:Balwadi
604:Georgia
564:Alabama
557:Wyoming
541:Montana
521:Vermont
449:equally
420:-based
329:Related
247:Daycare
216:Au pair
206:Parents
198:At home
138:updated
5378:Guyana
5358:Brazil
5289:Hawaii
5213:Tuvalu
4986:Panama
4976:Mexico
4921:Canada
4916:Belize
4853:Jersey
4795:Kosovo
4762:Turkey
4752:Sweden
4732:Serbia
4722:Russia
4707:Poland
4702:Norway
4682:Monaco
4652:Latvia
4620:Greece
4605:France
4580:Cyprus
4432:Taiwan
4367:Turkey
4332:Russia
4267:Kuwait
4247:Jordan
4237:Israel
4197:Cyprus
4182:Brunei
4177:Bhutan
4118:
4101:
4088:
4018:Zambia
4013:Uganda
3953:Rwanda
3908:Malawi
3868:Guinea
3763:Angola
3713:Portal
3673:
3632:
3535:Junior
3530:Infant
3435:Stages
3411:Quotes
3396:Images
3256:Theory
3246:Hidden
3142:Values
3047:Health
3022:Design
2947:Rights
2927:Policy
2598:Lyceum
2250:public
2235:public
2041:Higher
1963:Lyceum
1817:School
1774:Portal
1734:
1693:
1596:Junior
1591:Infant
1492:Stages
1285:
1275:
1154:
1119:
1008:
998:
767:
633:Impact
555:, and
527:, and
453:social
5363:Chile
5208:Tonga
5198:Samoa
5188:Palau
5178:Nauru
5036:Aruba
4961:Haiti
4828:Åland
4747:Spain
4672:Malta
4642:Italy
4473:Macau
4392:Yemen
4352:Syria
4327:Qatar
4307:Nepal
4242:Japan
4217:India
4207:Egypt
4192:China
4073:Ceuta
3993:Sudan
3943:Niger
3898:Libya
3883:Kenya
3863:Ghana
3853:Gabon
3828:Egypt
3768:Benin
3416:Texts
3386:Books
3087:Peace
3077:Music
3057:Legal
3017:Death
2817:Index
1819:types
1152:S2CID
1117:S2CID
1046:(PDF)
537:Idaho
517:Texas
509:Maine
410:Pre-K
321:Minor
231:Nanny
91:, or
5388:Peru
5284:Guam
5241:Niue
5163:Fiji
5106:Saba
4931:Cuba
4312:Oman
4277:Laos
4232:Iraq
4227:Iran
4003:Togo
3913:Mali
3803:Chad
3406:News
2698:K–12
1322:4–5
1283:PMID
1006:PMID
879:2015
853:2018
765:ISBN
606:and
501:Iowa
483:The
5416:and
4444:and
3127:Sex
2992:Art
1825:By
1314:n/a
1273:PMC
1265:doi
1234:doi
1206:doi
1179:doi
1144:doi
1140:620
1109:doi
1082:doi
996:PMC
988:doi
940:doi
936:158
412:or
5505::
1378:/
1281:.
1271:.
1261:65
1259:.
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1230:24
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1105:41
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1026:.
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