35:
20:
2263:
235:
ensemble, but the hall where Fort’s dance was to be staged had no room for a percussion group. The only instrument available was a single grand piano. After some consideration, Cage said that he realized it was possible "to place in the hands of a single pianist the equivalent of an entire percussion
325:
has developed his own take on prepared piano in his work, initially on
Mission of Burma's single "Trem II". Miller has since released many albums (on labels including Ace of Hearts, SST, New Alliance, Atavistic and Matador) incorporating this technique. His concert hall compositions since 2009 have
248:
were an
American piano duo who produced over a hundred albums of light classical and popular "easy listening" in their long careers (1947–1992). Between 1950 and 1980 they included partially prepared pianos on a number of their tunes to add percussive
115:
When a properly prepared piano has been "unprepared", it should be impossible for anyone to tell that it had ever been prepared. Changes causing less easily reversible damage can be served by permanently dedicating an instrument, such as the
460:). Speakers are built into the bottom of the instrument, redirecting its own amplified sound back onto the sounding board, with strings and magnetic pickups creating an amplitude intensity loop, which in turn drives and vibrates suspended
381:, utilizes piano prepared with glass rods. The combination of the glass rods, as well as a spoon scraped over the strings, work to create a dissonant "fingernails on chalkboard," setting the scene of Odysseus in the underworld.
140:", involving reaching inside the piano and plucking, sweeping, scraping, thumping, and otherwise manipulating the strings directly, rather than using the keyboard. He developed these techniques in numerous pieces such as
287:
performs on what he has dubbed 'hyperpiano', which "involves stopping, sliding, bowing, plucking, striking and strumming the strings with copper bars, aluminum bowls, rubber blocks, plastic boxes and other household
74:(1946–48) is that each key of the piano has its own characteristic timbre, and that the original pitch of the string will not necessarily be recognizable. Further variety is available with use of the
433:
Although the tacks can be removed from the hammers, inserting them causes permanent damage to the felt; for this and other reasons, the use of tacks is generally discouraged by piano technicians.
50:
that has had its sounds temporarily altered by placing bolts, screws, mutes, rubber erasers, and/or other objects on or between the strings. Its invention is usually traced to
1015:
Sweet, Jonathan C., "JOHN MACKEY’S WINE-DARK SEA: SYMPHONY FOR BAND A DISCOURSE AND ANALYSIS OF JOHN MACKEY’S SYMPHONY FOR BAND" (2019). Theses and
Dissertations--Music. 148.
387:, while on tour under the moniker Lingua Ignota, has performed on a piano prepared with forks, clothes pins, fishing wire with heavy rosin, bells, chains, and a clamp lamp.
1033:"I am here in New York at @lprnyc for the first of two sold out shows! They have provided me with cheezits, cheezit socks, and I have prepared the piano. All is well"
236:
orchestra ... With just one musician, you can really do an unlimited number of things on the inside of the piano if you have at your disposal an exploded keyboard".
1059:"For those curious, the piano has been prepared with: forks, clothes pins, fishing wire (with heavy rosin), bells from the record, chains, and a clamp lamp"
1283:
679:
96:
have developed their own ways of using prepared piano in their musical albums. Additionally, notable contributors to the subsequent repertoire include
572:
543:
452:
strings. It was built as part of a graduate thesis project at
California State University Dominguez Hills by Bob Fenger (1983), a student of
1769:
2299:
661:
599:
Nicholls, David (1991 ). American
Experimental Music 1890–1940. Cambridge, New York, and Melbourne: Cambridge University Press. (p. 523)
464:(assemblages of vibration sensitive materials). Secondary control parameters allow extraction of vibration and sound phenomena from the
228:
56:
2016:
683:
668:
649:
2698:
2266:
1276:
763:
1207:
by
Andreas Busk. Site includes free downloadable prepared piano sampler for Ableton Live, NI's Kontakt and Logic's EXS Sampler
1191:
1176:
1153:
556:
202:
68:, involving strings within a piano being manipulated instead of the keyboard. Typical of Cage's practice as summed up in the
60:(1940), created for a performance in a Seattle venue that lacked sufficient space for a percussion ensemble. Cage has cited
1726:
444:
is an electroacoustic musical instrument built from a small grand piano with built-in speakers, magnetic guitar pickups,
1731:
1269:
870:
84:
between 1950 and 1980 used partially prepared pianos for some of their tunes in their albums. Other musicians, such as
738:
708:
604:
148:(1925). Pieces of paper were called for in several early 20c works, the buzzing effect reminiscent of the parchment
1762:
1228:
258:
253:
1004:
185:
2292:
1665:
844:
1736:
645:
281:
prepared a piano by laying copper strips across the strings to give the song "Blues Roots" a honky-tonk sound.
1710:
615:
BartĂłk, Peter, Moses Asch, Marian
Distler, and Sidney Cowell; revised by Sorrel Hays (1993 ): Liner notes to
2688:
1302:
322:
93:
1925:
1755:
538:
480:
and stages of the construction process, including an underbody view of the speaker system configuration.
294:
pioneered many inside piano techniques during the 1980s and recorded his first prepared piano solo album
1112:
690:
article cites this work in Edwin M. Ripin, revised by Hugh Davies and Thomas J. Kernan: "Prepared piano"
2285:
2116:
976:
566:
393:, an American composer and producer makes extensive use of prepared piano techniques on her 2017 album
109:
34:
1968:
23:
928:
2578:
2205:
1216:
133:
817:
636:
and David
Hesmondhalgh. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, p. 107.
2618:
2346:
2008:
1486:
1222:
489:
628:
Pasler, Jann (2000). "Race, Orientalism, and
Distinction in the Wake of the 'Yellow Peril'." In
166:
in the second line of the bass clef to dampen the sound, imitating the sound of an Indian drum.
1973:
390:
374:
70:
2058:
2514:
2154:
1336:
1319:
245:
81:
2481:
2162:
1930:
1792:
1670:
1141:
1062:
1036:
548:
453:
1058:
1032:
533:
Ripin, Edwin M., revised by Hugh Davies and Thomas J. Kernan (2013). "Prepared piano". In
8:
2486:
2476:
2366:
2312:
2068:
1905:
1822:
1577:
789:
445:
331:
65:
2041:
149:
2646:
2091:
1910:
1842:
1812:
1695:
1591:
1542:
1434:
1292:
822:
176:
767:
720:
Huey, Steve; Rovi. "Ferrante & Teicher
Biography". CMT. Retrieved 28 October 2010.
2605:
2588:
2225:
1983:
1817:
1778:
1680:
1660:
1444:
1402:
1326:
1187:
1172:
1161:
1149:
734:
704:
630:
Western Music and Its Others: Difference, Representation, and Appropriation in Music
600:
552:
395:
311:
2491:
1221:
essay by Kyle Gann, includes video performance of preparation by Margaret Leng Tan (
2542:
2506:
2331:
2308:
2277:
2220:
2021:
1920:
1867:
1862:
1852:
1567:
1562:
1439:
1397:
1358:
1341:
101:
1210:
1098:
2593:
2573:
2445:
2126:
2026:
1897:
1802:
1700:
1619:
1604:
1314:
952:
504:
75:
1252:
171:
132:(1897–1965) as the primary inspiration for the prepared piano. Cowell pioneered
2693:
2651:
2613:
2557:
2519:
2438:
2356:
2197:
2111:
2106:
2101:
1877:
1827:
1614:
1609:
1552:
1054:
1028:
1005:
https://www.johnmackey.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Wine-Dark_Sea-perusal.pdf
660:"Mettre des papiers entre les cordes" at figure 48, a passage doubled by harp.
384:
344:
284:
157:
85:
19:
2682:
2628:
2552:
2433:
2416:
2401:
2396:
2326:
2144:
1940:
1690:
1532:
1353:
1080:
633:
534:
509:
180:
1247:
1016:
2623:
2534:
2496:
2376:
2231:
2182:
2172:
1993:
1872:
1368:
514:
472:(piezo-electric contact mics). An article by the inventor was published in
339:
employed prepared piano on the track "Little Fishes". He also played it on
303:
278:
239:
224:
137:
129:
105:
97:
61:
215:. Cage first prepared a piano when he was commissioned to write music for
2524:
2455:
2381:
2215:
2167:
2096:
2086:
2053:
1935:
1847:
1807:
1797:
1634:
1537:
1363:
1331:
813:
353:, aka Volker Bertelmann, employed prepared piano techniques in his album
340:
179:
instructs the 2nd pianist to insert pieces of paper between the strings
2583:
2547:
2411:
2406:
2371:
2351:
2210:
2121:
1998:
1945:
1915:
1705:
1629:
1599:
1527:
1496:
1469:
1424:
1419:
1407:
1346:
494:
414:
361:
307:
291:
267:
232:
120:. Other techniques related to prepared piano include the Acoustisizer.
117:
89:
1978:
499:
190:
2460:
2361:
2177:
2048:
2036:
2031:
1857:
1832:
1747:
1685:
1572:
1547:
1479:
1474:
1454:
1449:
1414:
1261:
336:
263:
231:). For some time previously, Cage had been writing exclusively for a
212:
51:
2391:
2336:
2063:
1950:
1837:
1650:
1557:
1522:
1517:
1459:
1429:
350:
160:(1879–1961) calls for a piece of cardboard to be placed under the B
2248:
156:(1912–22), based on the classical music of India, French composer
2423:
2341:
2187:
1887:
1882:
1512:
1491:
1464:
1148:(1981 ed.). Colorado Springs: Colorado College Music Press.
1066:
1040:
27:
2450:
2386:
2078:
1675:
1204:
901:
In 'Little Fishes,' Eno plays prepared piano and Farfisa organ.
419:
Strictly speaking, a tack piano is not a prepared piano, since
366:
1248:
Prepared piano demonstration and performance by Richard Bunger
2428:
1960:
1234:
1116:
476:
April 1991, Nicasio, California. It includes pictures of the
220:
47:
845:"Fuse Feature: M2 — 'At Land's Edge' Album Review/Interview"
701:
For The Birds: John Cage in Conversation with Daniel Charles
2136:
1655:
1237:- By Dr. Stefan Bilbao, ported to Max/MSP by Thomas Resch
790:"7 CC in 10 - Cor Fuhler | Songs, Reviews, Credits"
240:
Other composers, arrangers, performers, and compositions
1211:
The Sound Collector - The Prepared Piano of John Cage
426:
The strings' original pitches remain perceptible; and
2307:
897:
Brian Eno: His Music and the Vertical Color of Sound
731:
Sedition and Alchemy : A Biography of John Cale
1101:, Nicasio, California, volume 6, no. 6, April 1991.
1160:The foreword by John Cage evolved into the essay "
915:Ashes to Ashes The Songs of David Bowie, 1976-2016
871:"The Mush Race of Boston: The SICPP 2013 Iditarod"
753:(1968) by Gerry Mulligan and the Dave Brubeck Trio
619:(Smithsonian Folkways 40801). p. 12 (unpaginated)
423:No objects are inserted into or onto the strings;
2680:
1184:John Cage's Prepared Piano: The Nuts & Bolts
764:"Philadelphia FRINGE Festival 2000 - Hyperpiano"
590:. Colorado Springs: Colorado College Music Press
1205:'Are You Prepared' 17-key Online Prepared Piano
544:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1053:
1027:
468:through a series of proximity microphones and
2293:
1763:
1277:
193:, but allows piano with paper to substitute.
88:use prepared piano for performances, whereas
571:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
912:
2300:
2286:
2017:Bowed string instrument extended technique
1770:
1756:
1284:
1270:
1255:performed by Margaret Leng Tan, featuring
868:
1017:https://uknowledge.uky.edu/music_etds/148
929:"Hauschka | Album Discography | AllMusic"
684:International Music Score Library Project
669:International Music Score Library Project
650:International Music Score Library Project
474:Experimental Musical Instruments Magazine
1231:- By Tom Gersic. Some free, others cheap
1003:, (San Francisco, Osti Music, 2014), 3,
429:The preparation is not fully reversible.
123:
33:
18:
2267:Category:Musical performance techniques
812:
699:Cage, John, and Daniel Charles (1981).
207:The invention of the "prepared piano",
64:as an inspiration for developing piano
2681:
1777:
1291:
1140:
2281:
1751:
1265:
1169:Das präparierte Klavier des John Cage
842:
532:
403:
203:Works for prepared piano by John Cage
1727:List of experimental music festivals
894:
1128:Joshua Tree, California, April 1991
266:prepared his piano with a chain of
175:, a 1925 work for large orchestra,
13:
1732:List of electronic music festivals
1134:
298:on GeestGronden in 1995; recorded
14:
2710:
1198:
1171:. Gustav Bose Verlag Regensburg.
1162:How the Piano Came to be Prepared
869:Gottschalk, Jennie (2013-07-02).
364:compositions from the 2001 album
259:The Velvet Underground & Nico
2262:
2261:
1218:If you build it, they will come!
1167:FĂĽrst-Heidtmann, Monika (1979).
1110:Fenger, Bob, "The Acoustisizer"
30:are placed between piano strings
1666:Experimental musical instrument
1104:
1091:
1073:
1047:
1021:
1009:
993:
969:
945:
921:
906:
888:
862:
836:
806:
782:
756:
743:
723:
714:
436:
229:variously given as 1938 or 1940
38:Phillip Zoubek's prepared piano
2699:Musical performance techniques
1737:List of experimental musicians
899:. Da Capo Press. p. 127.
843:Burke, Kathleen (2012-06-19).
693:
673:
654:
639:
622:
609:
593:
580:
526:
326:often utilized prepared piano.
26:preparations, where pieces of
1:
1711:Electroacoustic improvisation
1235:Prepared Piano Max/MSP-Object
520:
408:
318:on the French label Potlatch.
152:of early fortepianos. In his
1257:In the Name of the Holocaust
1241:
196:
7:
1113:"Piano Bob-UJAM MAN !"
483:
370:make use of prepared piano.
10:
2715:
1186:. Mutasis Books Victoria.
1081:"RagPiano.com - Site Help"
412:
314:; and in 2007 he released
200:
186:L'enfant et les sortilèges
2660:
2639:
2604:
2566:
2533:
2505:
2469:
2319:
2257:
2241:
2196:
2153:
2135:
2077:
2007:
1969:Piano extended techniques
1959:
1896:
1785:
1719:
1643:
1590:
1505:
1390:
1379:
1299:
1229:Prepared Piano Sample Set
617:Henry Cowell: Piano Music
490:The Finchcocks collection
134:piano extended techniques
2206:Extended vocal technique
2009:Bowed string instruments
1182:Dianova, Tzenka (2008).
703:. Marion Boyers London.
586:Bunger, Richard (1973).
547:(2nd ed.). London:
2619:Piano Technicians Guild
1487:Intelligent dance music
1253:Epitonic.com: John Cage
1146:The Well-Prepared Piano
913:O'Leary, Chris (2019).
749:Liner notes from album
588:The Well-Prepared Piano
300:The Hands of Caravaggio
211:, is usually traced to
648:: 1915 edition at the
373:The third movement of
254:All Tomorrow's Parties
246:Ferrante & Teicher
189:(1920-1925) calls for
128:Cage frequently cited
82:Ferrante & Teicher
71:Sonatas and Interludes
39:
31:
1085:www.perfessorbill.com
818:"Music: Roger Miller"
124:Historical precedents
37:
22:
2640:Amplifiers, speakers
2482:Generalized keyboard
2313:keyboard instruments
2163:Snare drum technique
1984:Three-hand technique
1671:Experimental luthier
1381:Experimental popular
682:: piano part at the
549:Macmillan Publishers
136:for what he dubbed "
2689:Extended techniques
2487:Isomorphic keyboard
2477:Enharmonic keyboard
2367:Electronic keyboard
1931:Harmonica technique
1906:Saxophone technique
1823:Finger substitution
1592:Extended techniques
895:Tamm, Eric (1995).
478:kinetic oscillators
466:kinetic oscillators
462:kinetic oscillators
458:Well Prepared Piano
332:Another Green World
66:extended techniques
54:'s dance music for
2647:Keyboard amplifier
2567:Piano construction
1911:Circular breathing
1813:Extended technique
1779:Musical techniques
1696:Sound installation
1543:Free improvisation
1435:Deconstructed club
1293:Experimental music
1099:"The Acoustisizer"
1097:Fenger, Bob Icon.
823:The New York Times
404:Related techniques
355:The Prepared Piano
329:On his 1975 album
273:On his 1968 album
177:Heitor Villa-Lobos
40:
32:
16:Musical instrument
2676:
2675:
2275:
2274:
1745:
1744:
1681:Progressive music
1661:Data sonification
1586:
1585:
1445:Experimental rock
1403:Avant-garde metal
1192:978-0-9809657-0-4
1177:978-3-7649-2183-5
1155:978-0-94061-200-6
567:cite encyclopedia
558:978-1-56159-239-5
312:Erstwhile Records
310:on the USA label
2706:
2302:
2295:
2288:
2279:
2278:
2265:
2264:
2242:Related articles
2221:Overtone singing
2022:Violin technique
1921:Flutter-tonguing
1898:Wind instruments
1772:
1765:
1758:
1749:
1748:
1720:Events and lists
1644:Related concepts
1568:Progressive jazz
1440:Experimental pop
1398:Avant-garde jazz
1388:
1387:
1359:Musique concrete
1342:Acousmatic music
1286:
1279:
1272:
1263:
1262:
1159:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1115:. Archived from
1108:
1102:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1057:(May 12, 2022).
1051:
1045:
1044:
1031:(May 7, 2022).
1025:
1019:
1013:
1007:
997:
991:
990:
988:
987:
973:
967:
966:
964:
963:
949:
943:
942:
940:
939:
925:
919:
918:
917:. Watkins Media.
910:
904:
903:
892:
886:
885:
883:
882:
866:
860:
859:
857:
856:
840:
834:
833:
831:
830:
810:
804:
803:
801:
800:
786:
780:
778:
776:
775:
766:. Archived from
760:
754:
747:
741:
727:
721:
718:
712:
697:
691:
677:
671:
667:: Scores at the
658:
652:
643:
637:
626:
620:
613:
607:
597:
591:
584:
578:
576:
570:
562:
530:
442:The Acoustisizer
165:
164:
102:Pauline Oliveros
24:Andrea Neumann's
2714:
2713:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2672:
2656:
2635:
2600:
2562:
2529:
2520:Manual keyboard
2501:
2465:
2446:Piano accordion
2315:
2306:
2276:
2271:
2253:
2237:
2192:
2149:
2131:
2127:Prepared guitar
2073:
2027:Cello technique
2003:
1955:
1892:
1781:
1776:
1746:
1741:
1715:
1701:Sound sculpture
1639:
1620:Prepared guitar
1605:Circuit bending
1582:
1501:
1384:
1382:
1375:
1337:Electroacoustic
1308:
1305:classical music
1304:
1295:
1290:
1244:
1201:
1156:
1142:Bunger, Richard
1137:
1135:Further reading
1132:
1122:
1120:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1096:
1092:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1055:Kristin Hayter
1052:
1048:
1029:Kristin Hayter
1026:
1022:
1014:
1010:
998:
994:
985:
983:
975:
974:
970:
961:
959:
951:
950:
946:
937:
935:
927:
926:
922:
911:
907:
893:
889:
880:
878:
877:. New Music USA
875:NewMusicBox.org
867:
863:
854:
852:
851:. The Arts Fuse
841:
837:
828:
826:
811:
807:
798:
796:
788:
787:
783:
773:
771:
762:
761:
757:
748:
744:
728:
724:
719:
715:
698:
694:
678:
674:
659:
655:
644:
640:
627:
623:
614:
610:
598:
594:
585:
581:
564:
563:
559:
531:
527:
523:
505:Prepared guitar
486:
456:(author of the
439:
417:
411:
406:
377:wind symphony,
242:
205:
199:
162:
161:
150:'bassoon' pedal
126:
110:Christian Wolff
76:una corda pedal
17:
12:
11:
5:
2712:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2668:Prepared piano
2664:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2652:Leslie speaker
2649:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2621:
2616:
2610:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2596:
2591:
2581:
2576:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2558:Pedal keyboard
2555:
2550:
2545:
2539:
2537:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2511:
2509:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2492:JankĂł keyboard
2489:
2484:
2479:
2473:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2439:Electric piano
2436:
2426:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2357:Clavicytherium
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2323:
2321:
2317:
2316:
2305:
2304:
2297:
2290:
2282:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2202:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2159:
2157:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2147:
2141:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2112:String bending
2109:
2107:Hybrid picking
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2083:
2081:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2013:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1989:Prepared piano
1986:
1981:
1976:
1974:Finger tapping
1971:
1965:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1902:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1878:Thumb position
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1828:Finger vibrato
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1789:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1775:
1774:
1767:
1760:
1752:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1625:Prepared piano
1622:
1617:
1615:Plunderphonics
1612:
1610:Frippertronics
1607:
1602:
1596:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1411:
1410:
1400:
1394:
1392:
1385:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1344:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1311:
1309:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1274:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1250:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1232:
1226:
1214:
1208:
1200:
1199:External links
1197:
1196:
1195:
1180:
1165:
1154:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1103:
1090:
1072:
1065:) – via
1046:
1039:) – via
1020:
1008:
992:
968:
944:
920:
905:
887:
861:
835:
816:(1987-06-05).
805:
781:
755:
742:
729:Mitchell, Tim
722:
713:
692:
680:Prepared piano
672:
653:
646:Prepared piano
638:
621:
608:
592:
579:
557:
535:Sadie, Stanley
524:
522:
519:
518:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
485:
482:
454:Richard Bunger
450:prepared piano
438:
435:
431:
430:
427:
424:
413:Main article:
410:
407:
405:
402:
401:
400:
388:
385:Kristin Hayter
382:
371:
358:
348:
327:
319:
289:
285:Denman Maroney
282:
271:
250:
241:
238:
198:
195:
158:Maurice Delage
125:
122:
86:Denman Maroney
44:prepared piano
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2711:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2661:Miscellaneous
2659:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2434:Digital piano
2432:
2431:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2418:
2417:Theatre organ
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2402:Hammond organ
2400:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2327:Bowed clavier
2325:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2303:
2298:
2296:
2291:
2289:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2268:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2146:
2145:Prepared harp
2143:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1941:Slap tonguing
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1773:
1768:
1766:
1761:
1759:
1754:
1753:
1750:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1691:Sound collage
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1386:
1378:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1320:indeterminacy
1318:
1317:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1298:
1294:
1287:
1282:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1213:by Tim Ovens.
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1157:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1119:on 2013-12-02
1118:
1114:
1107:
1100:
1094:
1086:
1082:
1076:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1018:
1012:
1006:
1002:
1001:Wine-Dark Sea
999:John Mackey,
996:
982:
978:
972:
958:
954:
948:
934:
930:
924:
916:
909:
902:
898:
891:
876:
872:
865:
850:
846:
839:
825:
824:
819:
815:
809:
795:
791:
785:
770:on 2007-12-31
769:
765:
759:
752:
746:
740:
739:0-7206-1132-6
736:
732:
726:
717:
710:
709:0-7145-2690-8
706:
702:
696:
689:
685:
681:
676:
670:
666:
665:(Villa-Lobos)
664:
657:
651:
647:
642:
635:
634:Georgina Born
631:
625:
618:
612:
606:
605:0-521-42464-X
602:
596:
589:
583:
574:
568:
560:
554:
550:
546:
545:
540:
539:Tyrrell, John
536:
529:
525:
516:
513:
511:
510:Prepared harp
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
487:
481:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
434:
428:
425:
422:
421:
420:
416:
398:
397:
392:
389:
386:
383:
380:
379:Wine-Dark Sea
376:
375:John Mackey's
372:
369:
368:
363:
359:
356:
352:
349:
347:(1979) album.
346:
342:
338:
334:
333:
328:
324:
320:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
290:
286:
283:
280:
276:
272:
269:
265:
261:
260:
255:
251:
247:
244:
243:
237:
234:
230:
227:(its date is
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
204:
194:
192:
188:
187:
182:
181:Maurice Ravel
178:
174:
173:
167:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
121:
119:
113:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
77:
73:
72:
67:
63:
59:
58:
53:
49:
45:
36:
29:
25:
21:
2667:
2497:Short octave
2377:Harmonichord
2232:Sprechgesang
2230:
2183:Stevens grip
2173:Cymbal choke
2122:Third bridge
2042:BartĂłk pizz.
1994:String piano
1988:
1873:Stopped note
1793:Articulation
1624:
1383:music genres
1303:contemporary
1256:
1217:
1183:
1168:
1145:
1121:. Retrieved
1117:the original
1106:
1093:
1084:
1075:
1049:
1023:
1011:
1000:
995:
984:. Retrieved
980:
971:
960:. Retrieved
956:
947:
936:. Retrieved
932:
923:
914:
908:
900:
896:
890:
879:. Retrieved
874:
864:
853:. Retrieved
849:ArtsFuse.org
848:
838:
827:. Retrieved
821:
814:Pareles, Jon
808:
797:. Retrieved
794:allmusic.com
793:
784:
772:. Retrieved
768:the original
758:
750:
745:
730:
725:
716:
700:
695:
687:
675:
663:ChĂ´ros No. 8
662:
656:
641:
629:
624:
616:
611:
595:
587:
582:
542:
528:
515:String piano
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
449:
441:
440:
437:Acoustisizer
432:
418:
394:
378:
365:
354:
330:
323:Roger Miller
321:Since 1982,
315:
304:John Tilbury
299:
295:
279:Dave Brubeck
274:
257:
225:Syvilla Fort
216:
208:
206:
184:
172:ChĂ´ros No. 8
170:
168:
153:
145:
142:Aeolian Harp
141:
138:string piano
130:Henry Cowell
127:
114:
106:James Tenney
98:Lou Harrison
94:Roger Miller
80:
69:
62:Henry Cowell
55:
43:
41:
2606:Maintenance
2579:Innovations
2525:Split sharp
2515:Frequencies
2456:Synthesizer
2382:Harpsichord
2320:Instruments
2216:Death growl
2198:Human voice
2168:Burton grip
2097:Flatpicking
2092:Fingerstyle
2087:Downpicking
2054:Free bowing
1936:Overblowing
1848:Multiphonic
1808:Double stop
1635:Turntablism
1578:Witch house
1538:Drone metal
1327:Avant-garde
751:Blues Roots
391:Kelly Moran
341:David Bowie
335:, composer
275:Blues Roots
268:paper clips
146:The Banshee
144:(1923) and
2683:Categories
2543:Expression
2412:Reed organ
2407:Pipe organ
2372:Fortepiano
2352:Clavichord
2211:Beatboxing
2155:Percussion
1999:Tack piano
1946:Split tone
1916:Embouchure
1843:Intonation
1706:Soundscape
1630:Scordatura
1600:3rd bridge
1563:Industrial
1528:Avant-funk
1470:noise rock
1425:Avant-punk
1420:Avant-prog
1408:Post-metal
1347:Tape music
1123:2013-08-19
986:2018-03-15
962:2017-07-14
953:"Hauschka"
938:2017-07-14
881:2014-02-15
855:2014-02-15
829:2014-02-15
799:2018-08-09
774:2005-12-23
521:References
495:Fortepiano
415:Tack piano
409:Tack piano
362:Aphex Twin
308:M.I.M.E.O.
292:Cor Fuhler
233:percussion
217:Bacchanale
201:See also:
154:Ragamalika
118:tack piano
90:Cor Fuhler
57:Bacchanale
2574:Acoustics
2362:Claviharp
2226:Screaming
2178:Drum roll
2049:Col legno
2037:Pizzicato
2032:Bariolage
1858:Pizzicato
1838:Harmonics
1833:Glissando
1818:Fingering
1686:Sound art
1573:Punk jazz
1548:Free jazz
1480:post-rock
1475:post-punk
1455:math rock
1450:krautrock
1415:Avant-pop
1315:Aleatoric
1242:Listening
733:, 2003,
688:New Grove
396:Bloodroot
337:Brian Eno
296:7CC IN IO
288:objects."
264:John Cale
213:John Cage
197:John Cage
52:John Cage
2461:Virginal
2392:Melodica
2337:Carillon
2332:Calliope
2069:Two bows
2064:Spiccato
1951:Tonguing
1926:Growling
1868:Slapping
1863:Position
1853:Phrasing
1651:Cymatics
1558:Hyperpop
1523:Art rock
1518:Art punk
1460:neo-prog
1430:Biomusic
1391:By style
1301:Related
1144:(1973).
981:warp.net
933:AllMusic
541:(eds.).
484:See also
360:Several
357:in 2005.
351:Hauschka
262:(1967),
249:effects.
163:♭
2589:Aliquot
2553:Sustain
2470:Layouts
2424:Orphica
2342:Celesta
2309:Musical
2188:Rimshot
2117:Tambour
2102:Picking
2059:Martelé
1979:Luthéal
1888:Vibrato
1883:Tremolo
1803:Damping
1786:General
1533:Ambient
1513:Art pop
1506:Related
1492:Neofolk
1465:no wave
1354:Minimal
1067:Twitter
1041:Twitter
957:Discogs
500:Luthéal
316:Stengam
256:" from
191:Luthéal
169:In his
28:cutlery
2629:Wrench
2624:Tuning
2614:Action
2584:Wiring
2535:Pedals
2451:Spinet
2387:Keytar
2079:Guitar
1798:Bowing
1676:Fluxus
1553:Glitch
1369:Danger
1307:genres
1190:
1175:
1152:
977:"WARP"
737:
707:
686:. the
632:, ed.
603:
555:
448:, and
367:Drukqs
345:Lodger
209:per se
108:, and
2694:Piano
2594:Cross
2429:Piano
2397:Organ
2347:Chime
2249:Étude
1961:Piano
1364:Noise
1332:Drone
1063:Tweet
1037:Tweet
302:with
221:dance
48:piano
46:is a
2548:Soft
2507:Keys
2311:and
2137:Harp
1656:Dada
1497:Wave
1223:here
1188:ISBN
1173:ISBN
1150:ISBN
735:ISBN
705:ISBN
601:ISBN
573:link
553:ISBN
470:PZMs
446:PZMs
306:and
252:On "
219:, a
92:and
343:'s
223:by
183:'s
2685::
1225:).
1164:".
1083:.
979:.
955:.
931:.
873:.
847:.
820:.
792:.
569:}}
565:{{
551:.
537:;
277:,
112:.
104:,
100:,
78:.
42:A
2301:e
2294:t
2287:v
1771:e
1764:t
1757:v
1285:e
1278:t
1271:v
1194:.
1179:.
1158:.
1126:.
1087:.
1069:.
1061:(
1043:.
1035:(
989:.
965:.
941:.
884:.
858:.
832:.
802:.
779:.
777:.
711:.
577:‎
575:)
561:.
399:.
270:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
