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departments and service providers, researchers concluded that a number of principles—such as judicial monitoring and linking offenders to services—could be transferable. The study, conducted in cooperation with the
Collaborative Justice Courts Advisory Committee of the Judicial Council of California, was the first of its kind in the country. In 2005,
188:
Judges in problem-solving courts need other skills beyond a knowledge of the law; they also must sometimes function as a social worker, therapist, and accountant. Law schools have only recently begun to provide courses on problem-solving justice, and New York Judge Fern Fisher commented that not all
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noted that because judges have total discretion, the results can be inconsistent. When that situation existed in the criminal justice system, mandatory sentencing guidelines were instituted. Legal scholars have warned that judges may also force their values upon defendants from different cultures.
165:
Problem-solving courts look just like traditional courts, but defendants are referred to as "clients" and the judge has extensive knowledge about the client and talks with them directly. A client placed in a treatment program is monitored by the judge for months or years, and will return to court
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tasked with proving the concept and providing guidelines to state court systems that seek to implement a program. The BJA identified ten projects and provided funding to demonstrate the theories in practice and document their results. They also provide hands-on assistance for any judicial entity
68:
Center for Court
Innovation researchers explored whether problem-solving justice always requires a specialized court or if core principles and practices from these specialized courts are transferable to conventional courts. After interviewing judges, attorneys and representatives from probation
184:
Some public defenders have criticized the use of problem-solving courts because accused persons who accept intervention are implicitly treated as guilty; the courts do not allow an accused person to receive a determination of innocence or guilt. New York
Supreme Court Judge James A. Yates has
34:. That same concept began to be applied to difficult situations where legal, social and human problems mesh. There were over 2,800 problem-solving courts in 2008, intended to provide a method of resolving the problem in order to reduce
93:
had more than 25,000 members working in 2,663 drug courts and 1,219 other problem-solving courts as of late 2011. Their annual conference offers education and training from experts for problem-solving professionals world-wide.
166:
periodically to assess progress and/or problems. The judge can order the client to serve jail time as a punishment while in a treatment program, and the judge decides when the client is to be released from the program.
81:
features profiles of Center demonstration projects. The book is being used in law schools and public policy schools, due in part to a law school course on problem-solving justice that the Center piloted at
26:. In 1989, a judge in Miami began to take a hands-on approach to drug addicts, ordering them into treatment, rather than perpetuating the revolving door of court and prison. The result was creation of
57:
from 1993 to 2008 where she was most responsible for implementing court reform utilizing problem-solving courts in her state, one of the first in the nation. She also co-founded the
65:
headquartered in New York that helps courts and criminal justice agencies decrease crime, provide aid to victims and increase the public's confidence in the justice system.
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between legal officials (judges/prosecutors/attorneys/probation officers), social service providers, victim groups and schools will keep everyone focused on the goal.
520:
90:
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According to the Center for Court
Innovation, there are six principles required for problem-solving courts to be effective. There must be
893:
694:
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Those critical of the system say many treatment programs are unnecessarily harsh, and any deviation from the rules is punished.
22:(PSC) address the underlying problems that contribute to criminal behavior and are a current trend in the legal system of the
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links offenders to the services they need and provides services for victims to aid in their recovery. Offenders must be held
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Good Courts: The Case For
Problem-solving Justice (9781565849730): Greg Berman, John Feinblatt, Sarah Glazer: Books
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with the public will encourage cooperation of witnesses, jurors, and community watch groups, and foster trust.
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available to the staff through training, and comprehensive defendant information for justice officials.
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need to be analyzed for cost versus benefit, and to provide continuous improvement of the process.
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characterized their use as a trend toward "an inquisitorial system of justice".
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greatly improved the outcomes of most cases. Programs have been established for
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521:"The Battle on the Home Front: Special Courts Turn to Vets to Help Other Vets"
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316:"A Decade of Change: The First 10 Years of the Center for Court Innovation"
77:. The first book to describe the problem-solving court movement in detail,
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333:"Applying the problem-solving model outside of problem-solving courts"
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A Problem-Solving
Revolution: Making Change Happen in State Courts
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Specialty courts designed to address offenders' criminogenic needs
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judges have the patience and attitude necessary to be effective.
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with compliance monitoring and consequences for non-compliance.
498:"Sex Offense Courts: The Next Step in Community Management?"
400:"Research/Good Courts: The Case for Problem-Solving Justice"
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National
Association of Drug Court Professionals website
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Documenting
Results: Research on Problem-Solving Justice
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Personal
Stories: Narratives from Across New York State
646:, published by Center for Court Innovation in 2007
632:, published by Center for Court Innovation in 2005
618:, published by Center for Court Innovation in 1997
610:, Berman, Greg; Rempel, Michael; Wolf, Robert V.,
604:; published by Center for Court Innovation in 1994
622:Good Courts: The Case For Problem-solving Justice
239:"In Problem-Solving Court, Judges Turn Therapist"
237:Kaufman, Leslie; Eaton, Leslie (April 26, 2005).
75:Good Courts: The Case for Problem-Solving Justice
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624:, Berman, Greg; Feinblatt, John; Glazer, Sarah,
91:National Association of Drug Court Professionals
425:"Problem-Solving Justice: A Law School Course"
402:. Center for Court Innovation. 16 October 2007
206:seeking to establish a problem-solving court.
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350:"California's Collaborative Justice Courts"
97:Both problem-solving courts and the use of
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519:McMichael, William H. (November 1, 2011).
518:
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658:The Center for Court Innovation website
547:"Principles of Problem Solving Justice"
449:"NADCP 18th Annual Training Conference"
296:. Courtinnovation.org. October 28, 2009
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294:"The Center for Court Innovation"
894:United States criminal procedure
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472:"Reentry Courts: Looking Ahead"
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263:Wolf, Robert V. (Summer 2009).
549:. Bureau of Justice Assistance
477:. Bureau of Justice Assistance
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321:. Center for Court Innovation.
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571:. Center for Court Innovation
500:. Center for Court Innovation
265:"A New Way of doing Business"
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199:Bureau of Justice Assistance
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889:Courts in the United States
272:Journal of Court Innovation
201:(BJA) is the branch of the
59:Center for Court Innovation
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203:U.S. Department of Justice
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569:"Problem-Solving Justice"
99:therapeutic jurisprudence
843:Human rights commission
833:Domestic violence court
115:domestic violence court
746:Problem-solving courts
174:A 2005 article in the
147:Individualized Justice
20:Problem-solving courts
451:. Policy Options, Inc
374:Berman, Greg (2005).
117:, sex offense court,
139:Community engagement
782:Mental health court
638:, Kaye, Judith S.,
119:mental health court
863:Small claims court
496:Herman, Kristine.
355:. Courtinfo.ca.gov
135:better information
109:, re-entry court,
84:Fordham Law School
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32:diversion program
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777:Labor court
525:ABA Journal
161:Differences
151:accountable
79:Good Courts
51:Chief Judge
47:Judith Kaye
878:Categories
848:Land court
838:Drug court
811:or dispute
809:By offense
795:Teen court
731:High Court
433:January 6,
385:1565849736
210:References
129:Principles
103:teen court
73:published
63:think tank
36:recidivism
28:drug court
823:DWI court
790:(defunct)
300:April 10,
170:Criticism
107:DWI court
755:By party
575:16 March
553:28 March
530:16 March
504:28 March
481:10 April
455:30 March
278:11 April
248:10 April
155:Outcomes
55:New York
359:May 21,
42:Efforts
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406:10 May
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121:, and
475:(PDF)
428:(PDF)
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577:2012
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