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2014:), is one of the most beloved flowers in China and has been frequently depicted in Chinese art and poetry for centuries. The plum blossom is seen as a symbol of winter and a harbinger of spring. The blossoms are so beloved because they are viewed as blooming most vibrantly amidst the winter snow, exuding an ethereal elegance, while their fragrance is noticed to still subtly pervade the air at even the coldest times of the year. Therefore, the plum blossom came to symbolize perseverance and hope, as well as beauty, purity, and the transitoriness of life. In
716:
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617:. It can grow to 4–10 m (13–33 ft) tall. The flowers are 2–2.5 cm (0.79–0.98 in) in diameter and have a strong fragrant scent. They have colors in varying shades of white, pink, and red. The leaves appear shortly after the petals fall, are oval-shaped with a pointed tip, and are 4–8 cm long and 2.5–5 cm wide. The fruit ripens in early summer, around June and July in East Asia, and coincides with the
677:
2157:), was resting under the eaves of Hanzhang Palace near the plum trees after wandering in the gardens, a plum blossom drifted down onto her fair face, leaving a floral imprint on her forehead that enhanced her beauty further. The court ladies were said to be so impressed that they started decorating their own foreheads with a small delicate plum blossom design. This is also the mythical origin of the floral fashion,
689:
1922:
54:
1715:
1294:
1731:
1514:
1394:
2029:" of flowers in Chinese art, together with the orchid, chrysanthemum, and bamboo. It is one of the "Flowers of the Four Seasons", which consist of the orchid (spring), the lotus (summer), the chrysanthemum (autumn) and the plum blossom (winter). These groupings are seen repeatedly in the Chinese aesthetic of art, painting, literature, and garden design.
2054:, China. According to stories, he loved plum blossoms and cranes so much that he considered the plum blossom of Solitary Hill at West Lake as his wife and the cranes of the lake as his children, thus he could live peacefully in solitude. One of his most famous poems is "Little Plum Blossom of Hill Garden" (
4010:
For example, the
Huadian or forehead decoration was said to have originated in the South Dynasty, when the Shouyang Princess was taking a walk in the palace in early spring and a light breeze brought a plum blossom onto her forehead. The plum blossom for some reason could not be washed off or removed
3151:
Zhang, Qixiang; Zhang, He; Sun, Lidan; Fan, Guangyi; Ye, Meixia; Jiang, Libo; Liu, Xin; Ma, Kaifeng; Shi, Chengcheng; Bao, Fei; Guan, Rui; Han, Yu; Fu, Yuanyuan; Pan, Huitang; Chen, Zhaozhe; Li, Liangwei; Wang, Jia; Lv, Meiqi; Zheng, Tangchun; Yuan, Cunquan; Zhou, Yuzhen; Lee, Simon Ming-Yuen; Yan,
1809:
are harvested in late May or early June, while they are ripe enough in yellow, and layered with much salt. They are weighed down with a heavy stone (or some more modern implement) until late August. They are then dried in the sun on bamboo mats for several days (they are returned to the salt at
2446:
and royal official flower. Since ancient times, plum blossom has been filled with meaning and mystery. Plum blossoms bloom at the end of the winter, and because of this, they are called the herald of spring. They also symbolize perseverance because of how they can possibly bloom during the cold
4011:
in any way. Fortunately, it looked beautiful on her, and all of a sudden became all the rage among the girls of the commoners. It is therefore called the "Shouyang makeup" or the "plum blossom makeup." This makeup was popular among women for a long time in the Tang and Song
Dynasties.
2740:
Yingsakmongkon, Sangchai; Miyamoto, Daisei; Sriwilaijaroen, Nongluk; Fujita, Kimie; Matsumoto, Kosai; Jampangern, Wipawee; Hiramatsu, Hiroaki; Guo, Chao-Tan; Sawada, Toshihiko; Takahashi, Tadanobu; Hidari, Kazuya; Suzuki, Takashi; Ito, Morihiro; Ito, Yasuhiko; Suzuki, Yasuo (2008).
1611:; "plum wine"), is marketed under various brand names, including Mae hwa soo, Matchsoon, and Seoljungmae. Both the Japanese and Korean varieties of plum liquor are available with whole plum fruits contained in the bottle. In China, plum wine is called
2447:
winter. Since they are considered the first flower of the year, they also represent purity and renewal. Plum flowers have five petals which are believed to carry 5 different blessings such as: wealth, health, virtue, peaceful and natural death.
2212:. For this reason, there are classical pavilions for the tradition of viewing plum blossoms by the moonlight. The flowers are viewed and enjoyed by many as annual plum blossom festivals take place in the blooming seasons of the
2344:
on July 21, 1964. The plum blossom is the symbol for resilience and perseverance in the face of adversity during the harsh winter. The triple grouping of stamens (three stamens per petal) on the national emblem represents
1172:. It is a tree 35–40 m (110–130 ft) tall, preferring to grow at 700–1,000 m (2,300–3,300 ft) above sea level. The yellow fruit is delectable and aside from its height, it is indistinguishable from
791:) in Chinese, which came to be translated as "plum blossom" or sometimes as "flowering plum". The term "winter plum" may be used too, specifically with regard to the depiction of the flower with its early blooming in
1921:
2111:
As with the literary culture amongst the educated of the time, Lin Bu's poems were discussed in several Song dynasty era commentaries on poetry. Wang
Junqing remarked after quoting the third and fourth line:
633:
is 2–3 cm (0.79–1.18 in) in diameter with a groove running from the stalk to the tip. The skin turns yellow, sometimes with a red blush, as it ripens, and the flesh becomes yellow. The tree is
2295:
started in urban areas rather than rural areas, that
Japanese people initially admired plum blossoms like the Chinese rather than cherry blossoms, and that classic Japanese poetry does not associate
2504:
is traditionally planted in the northeast of the garden, the direction from which evil is believed to come. The eating of the pickled fruit for breakfast is also supposed to stave off misfortune.
598:. It can be found in sparse forests, stream sides, forested slopes along trails, and mountains, sometimes at altitudes up to 1,700–3,100 m (5,600–10,200 ft), and regions of cultivation.
2922:
1801:) are pickled and dried plums. They are a Japanese specialty. Pickled with coarse salt, they are quite salty and sour, and therefore eaten sparingly. They are often red in colour when purple
743:
2018:, the plum blossom stands for the principles and values of virtue. More recently, it has also been used as a metaphor to symbolize revolutionary struggle since the turn of the 20th century.
2391:
4702:
522:. This distinct tree species is related to both the plum and apricot trees. Although generally referred to as a plum in English, it is more closely related to the apricot. In
3013:
Fang, J; Twito, T; Zhang, Z; Chao, CT (October 2006). "Genetic relationships among fruiting-mei (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) cultivars evaluated with AFLP and SNP markers".
2133:
1787:) are Chinese preserved plums and refer to Chinese plums pickled in sugar, salt, and herbs. There are two general varieties: a dried variety, and a wet (pickled) variety.
2291:
custom of enjoying poetry and wine underneath plum blossom trees while viewing their flowers, that was replicated by
Japanese elites. This is supported by the fact that
1928:
3039:
The results demonstrate that mei cultivars from Japan are clustered with cultivars from China, and support the hypothesis that mei in Japan were introduced from China.
518:. The flower, long a beloved subject in the traditional painting and poetry of Sinospheric countries (including China, Korea, Vietnam, and Japan), is usually called
2248:(literally "plum vase"). These vases can hold single branches of plum blossoms and have been traditionally used to display the blossoms in a home since the early
762:
The scientific name combines the Latin prūnus (“plum tree”) and the obsolete
Japanese 梅 (mume, “plum”). The plant is known by a number of different names in
1380:
In Japan, a similar drink is made from green plums and tastes sweet and tangy, is considered a cold, refreshing drink, and is often enjoyed in the summer.
1679:
4660:
2208:
and in it, he described the plum tree as the "beautiful woman of the forest and moon". The appreciation of nature at night plays an important role in
1340:. It ranges from light pinkish-orange to purplish black in colour and often has a smoky and slightly salty taste. It is traditionally flavoured with
4205:
4710:
3903:
4292:
2175:(960–1279) dynasties. The markings of plum blossom designs on the foreheads of court ladies were usually made with paintlike materials such as
4941:
3526:
5228:
1915:
Plum blossoms have been well-loved and celebrated across the East Asian cultural sphere, which includes China, Vietnam, Korea, and Japan.
2420:. Maebyong are plum vases derived from the Chinese meiping and are traditionally used to hold branches of plum blossoms in Korea. Korean
1765:
1721:
700:
3966:
4990:
4372:
2556:. Bạch Mai is also a long and old street in Hanoi. All these places are located in the south part of Hanoi, where, in the past, many
2114:
This is from Lin Hejing's plum blossom poem. Yet these lines might just as well be applied to the flowering apricot, peach, or pear.
5135:
4850:
2321:
2303:
4346:
2743:"In Vitro Inhibition of Human Influenza a Virus Infection by Fruit-Juice Concentrate of Japanese Plum (Prunus mume SIEB. Et ZUCC)"
1450:", is also made from the plums, along with other ingredients such as sugar, vinegar, salt, ginger, chili, and garlic. Similar to
5148:
4902:
4863:
1497:
together, and then leaving them for about 100 days. To make syrup, the ratio of sugar to plum should be at least 1:1 to prevent
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715:
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4559:
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4485:
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4003:
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3236:
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586:
in southern China and was cultivated domestically for both its ornamental beauty and its fruit. It was later introduced to
664:
5273:
3089:
2382:
904:
4271:
2266:
uses a red plum flower blossom as its symbol. The plum blossoms are featured on one of the four flowers that appear on
1775:; "sour plum fruits"), and have an intensely sour and salty flavour. They are generally made from unripe plum fruits.
5308:
4085:
3743:
2795:
2724:
2693:
2191:, and other tint substances. Princess Shouyang is celebrated as the goddess of the plum blossom in Chinese culture.
4946:
4501:
3382:
1505:. The plums can be removed after 100 days, and the syrup can be consumed right away, or mature for a year or more.
1234:
stock. Among yabai trees, Nankoume is a very popular variety in Japan, and whose fruits are mainly used for making
105:
5313:
5161:
4889:
3416:
731:
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5192:
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Well, yes, they might. But I'm afraid the flowers of those other trees wouldn't presume to accept such praise.
2416:
In Korea, the plum blossom is a symbol for spring. It is a popular flower motif, amongst other flowers, for
3786:
3595:"The Three Friends of Winter: Paintings of Pine, Plum, and Bamboo from the Museum Collection (Introduction)"
3467:
2742:
5127:
5114:
4842:
4664:
3062:
1904:
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and two hybrids) in branches, type of branches in groups, and characteristics of flowers in several forms:
5088:
3495:
5083:
5016:
4777:
4772:
4209:
4137:
Julfār, an
Arabian port: Its settlement and Far Eastern ceramic trade from the 14th to the 18th centuries
3320:
5153:
4475:
1861:
In Korea, there is 'maesil-jangajji' which is similar to 'umeboshi'. It is a common side dish in Korea.
5187:
5003:
4868:
2948:
Bao, Fei; Ding, Anqi; Zhang, Tengxun; Luo, Le; Wang, Jia; Cheng, Tangren; Zhang, Qixiang (2019-02-01).
2822:
2658:
2629:
Botanic
Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) & IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2019).
5293:
5283:
5268:
4956:
4928:
3911:
2353:, while the five petals symbolize the five branches of the government. It also serves as the logo of
271:
4289:
2950:"Expansion of PmBEAT genes in the Prunus mume genome induces characteristic floral scent production"
5318:
5263:
5238:
3542:
275:
652:
5288:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5122:
4995:
4803:
3523:
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2199:
2022:
1940:
1336:). The plum juice is extracted by boiling smoked plums in water and sweetened with sugar to make
618:
4077:
4055:
5258:
5109:
4920:
4837:
4725:
4110:
3272:
2443:
2425:
2148:
5179:
4452:
3869:
3204:) is an ornamental woody plant that has been domesticated in East Asia for thousands of years.
549:
The tree's flowering in late winter and early spring is highly regarded as a seasonal symbol.
4763:
4688:
4310:"The Three Friends of Winter: Paintings of Pine, Plum, and Bamboo from the Museum Collection"
4238:
4232:
4032:
3970:
3069:. Missouri Botanical Garden (St. Louis, MO) & Harvard University Herbaria (Cambridge, MA)
2716:
2710:
2541:
2474:
2032:
An example of the plum blossom's literary significance is found in the life and work of poet
254:
4969:
4693:
2549:
2116:"—a comparison of the flowers with the plum blossom to which the renowned Song dynasty poet
4811:
4161:
3165:
2961:
2851:
2204:
1889:
1675:
In
Vietnam, ripe plums are macerated in sticky rice liquor. The resulting liquor is called
1549:; "plum blossom pancake"), the pancake dish is usually sweet, with honey as an ingredient.
20:
4376:
1409:
1144:
613:
tree that starts to flower in mid-winter, typically around
January until late February in
8:
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875:
211:
70:
34:
27:
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as is common today. The specific custom of viewing plum blossoms in Japan is now called
2141:
Legend has it that once on the 7th day of the 1st lunar month, while Princess Shouyang (
2046:(960–1279). For much of his later life, Lin Bu lived in quiet reclusion on a cottage by
5042:
4350:
4103:
4070:
3500:
3265:
3186:
3153:
3138:"Prunus mume (Japanese Apricot) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox"
2990:
2949:
2589:
2164:
1881:
920:
539:
523:
283:
100:
3439:
Leung's encyclopedia of common natural ingredients: used in food, drugs, and cosmetics
2137:
Princess Shouyang, who is prominently featured in a Chinese legend about plum blossoms
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2417:
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2341:
2159:
1970:
1936:
892:
819:
676:
2021:
Because it blossoms in the cold winter, the plum blossom is regarded as one of the "
5047:
4790:
4613:
3354:
3181:
3173:
3022:
2985:
2969:
2887:
2754:
2579:
2329:
2267:
2233:
1490:
1185:
1157:
799:
792:
763:
531:
5101:
3676:
Intellectuals in revolutionary China, 1921-1949: leaders, heroes and sophisticates
3312:
3137:
2924:
Chinese History and Culture: Sixth Century B.C.E. to Seventeenth Century, Volume 1
2662:
1996:
1814:
pigment in shiso leaves gives them their distinctive colour and a richer flavour.
688:
561:, a related species also grown in China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. Another tree,
5233:
5074:
5021:
4426:
4399:
4296:
4135:
3993:
3839:
3825:
Red Pine. Poems of the Masters. Port Townsend, Copper Canyon Press, 2003, p. 453.
3800:
3760:
3733:
3706:
3674:
3647:
3620:
3530:
3437:
3222:
3111:
2846:
2812:
2595:
2574:
2456:
2209:
2025:", along with pine, and bamboo. The plum blossom is also regarded as one of the "
1753:
1664:
1341:
1223:
1168:. It is found in the Fujian province of China. It is only known from one county,
912:
843:
835:
563:
557:
527:
143:
3802:
Harmony Garden: the life, literary criticism, and poetry of Yuan Mei (1716-1799)
1746:
1277:
861:
849:
831:
815:
626:
4977:
3177:
2584:
2569:
2512:
2354:
2337:
2313:
2296:
2232:, amongst other places). Plum blossoms are often used as decoration during the
2225:
2026:
1885:
1698:
1478:
1207:
1169:
867:
535:
130:
4552:
Sashiko: Easy & elegant Japanese designs for decorative machine embroidery
3152:
Xiaolan; Xu, Xun; Wu, Rongling; Chen, Wenbin; Cheng, Tangren (27 April 2018).
2973:
5222:
5174:
4915:
4748:
3948:
3498:[What's the difference between cheong(syrup) and fermented liquor?].
3472:
2981:
2818:
2606:
2439:
1979:
1595:; "plum wine") is a Japanese alcoholic drink made by steeping green plums in
1467:
1416:
1373:
583:
90:
85:
2308:
5205:
5034:
3359:
3195:
3034:
2999:
2768:
2490:
2478:
2400:
2249:
2195:
2172:
2168:
2043:
2015:
1932:
1638:; "smoked plum liquor"), which is made by mixing two types of plum liquor,
1498:
940:
4140:. London: Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. p. 28.
3154:"The genetic architecture of floral traits in the woody plant Prunus mume"
2901:
2739:
1599:(clear liquor). It is sweet and smooth. A similar liquor in Korea, called
4876:
4757:
4183:
3904:"Flower deities mark the lunar months with stories of Love & Tragedy"
2486:
2421:
2346:
1777:
1705:
1596:
1539:
1518:
1323:
1312:
1268:
635:
542:), the fruit of the tree is used in juices, as a flavouring for alcohol,
504:
4261:
2909:
had its origin in South China around the Yangtze River (Kyotani, 1989b).
2548:("the scent of plum"), situated in Hồng Mai (pink plum blossom) street.
1963:
5140:
4855:
2759:
1823:
1451:
1447:
1400:
1361:
1349:
1300:
1284:
4881:
2892:
2871:
2473:
or season word for early spring. The blossoms are associated with the
1628:, a popular 1950s innovation over the Japanese-style plum wine is the
1562:
827:
807:
766:, including Chinese plum and Japanese apricot. An alternative name is
4824:
3762:
Herself an author: gender, agency, and writing in late Imperial China
2686:
Plant magic: auspicious and inauspicious plants from around the world
2601:
2260:
2241:
2217:
2117:
2047:
1986:
1850:
paste), often in conjunction with green shiso leaves. A byproduct of
1811:
1601:
1583:, is popular in both Japan and Korea, and is also produced in China.
1580:
1502:
1486:
1455:
614:
610:
4719:
3026:
2459:
as a symbol of spring, as well as elegance and purity. When used in
2000:
Manual of Plum Blossom Painting, by Song Dynasty painter Song Boren.
1359:; "plum blossom tea") is made by infusing the flowers in hot water.
567:, is also a separate species despite having a Latin name similar to
5200:
5068:
5029:
4742:
4527:
Pattern sourcebook: Nature 2: 250 patterns for projects and designs
2482:
2429:
2236:
and remain popular in the miniature gardening plants of the art of
2221:
2051:
1791:
1763:
In Chinese cuisine, plums pickled with vinegar and salt are called
1737:
1482:
1459:
1235:
1231:
1191:
932:
543:
189:
156:
33:"Plum blossom" redirects here. For the 2000 South Korean film, see
5166:
4894:
4829:
4290:
Government Information Office, Republic of China - National Flower
3910:. Government Information Office, Republic of China. Archived from
3343:"New combinations of Rosaceae, Urticaceae and Fagaceae from China"
1261:
4798:
4424:
2787:
2533:
2432:
2403:
2263:
2256:
2245:
2237:
2229:
2176:
1831:
1527:
595:
227:
179:
3387:
Scop. species in China based on thirty morphological characters"
2876:
as revealed by restriction fragment analysis of chloroplast DNA"
2485:(Japanese playing cards). Plum blossoms were favored during the
1347:
In Korea, both the flowers and the fruits are used to make tea.
4816:
4589:"「梅見月」って何月のこと？梅から始まる江戸の花見を、美しい錦絵とともに紹介！ ｜ 和樂web 美の国ニッポンをもっと知る！"
2508:
2407:
2358:
2163:(梅花妝; literally "plum blossom makeup"), that originated in the
2033:
1669:
1625:
1585:
1569:
923:, and for cut blossoming branches used in flower arrangements.
643:
495:
199:
169:
4638:
2870:
Uematsu, Chiyomi; Sasakuma, Tetsuo; Ogihara, Yasunari (1991).
2540:
is used to name girls. The largest hospital in Hanoi is named
53:
3522:
Taiwan Tobacco and Liquor Corporation - Department of Liquor
2553:
2464:
2460:
2288:
2184:
1819:
1802:
1714:
1513:
1494:
1293:
855:
639:
630:
622:
591:
587:
491:
117:
3381:王, 家琼; 吴, 保欢; 崔, 大方; 羊, 海军; 黄, 峥; 齐, 安民 (14 November 2016).
3012:
2784:
Treatises of the Supervisor and Guardian of the Cinnamon Sea
1730:
1393:
3116:. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. p. 251.
2469:
2188:
2180:
1835:
1537:; "flower pancake") can be made with plum blossoms. Called
4529:(1. publ. ed.). Beverly, Mass.: Rockport Publishing.
2633:
2019: e.T136775345A136775347. Downloaded on 24 March 2019.
2536:, due to the beauty of the tree and its flowers, the word
2216:. The festivals take place throughout China (for example,
546:, and in sauces. It is also used in traditional medicine.
3735:
Gardens of Eden: Among the World's Most Beautiful Gardens
3625:. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 210–311.
2544:(white plum blossom), another hospital in Hanoi is named
1884:. The best fruit for this are from the forest around the
1458:
for various Chinese dishes, including poultry dishes and
4425:
Lee, Kyung-ja; Hong, Na-young; Chang, Sook-hwan (2007).
4312:. Taipei: National Palace Museum (國立故宮博物院). January 2003
2872:"Phylogenetic relationships in the stone fruit group of
2511:
was originally performed with plum blossoms rather than
2324:(Taiwan) was officially designated as the plum blossom (
2060:). The Chinese text, as well as a translation, follows:
4100:
3435:
3262:
2688:. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Editions. p. 142.
2493:(794–1185), in which the cherry blossom was preferred.
1214:
trees are also grown for fruit and are hybrids between
1147:, Prunus cerasifera 'Pissardii' × Prunus mume Alphandii
4431:. Folkestone, Kent, UK: Global Oriental. p. 125.
2869:
4480:. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 415.
4262:
Hannes Palang; Helen Sooväli; Anu Printsmann (2007).
3998:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 32.
2500:
functions as a protective charm against evil, so the
2280:) is usually simply translated as "plum" in English.
870:, in which the pronunciation is thought to have been
26:"Meihua" redirects here. For the Taiwanese film, see
4663:. Mai Huong Day Psychiatric Hospital. Archived from
4031:. Berkeley: University of California Press. p.
3874:. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 295.
3837:
2631:
Prunus mume. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2283:
It has been suggested that the Japanese practice of
2093:
Their scattered shadows fall lightly on clear water,
1838:. Makizushi made with plums may be made with either
1344:
flowers, and is enjoyed chilled, usually in summer.
4056:
Int'l Plum Blossom Festival draws crowds in Nanjing
2552:(yellow plum blossom) is the name of a district in
2202:wrote his definitive garden architecture monograph
2167:(420–589) and became popular amongst ladies in the
4102:
4069:
4024:
3264:
3216:
3214:
3212:
2240:. Branches of plum blossoms are often arranged in
4105:Chinese art: a guide to motifs and visual imagery
3700:
3698:
3696:
3267:Chinese art: a guide to motifs and visual imagery
3090:"Prunus mume: A bridge between winter and spring"
2130:" Plum blossoms inspired many people of the era.
2089:When everything has faded they alone shine forth,
1822:(boxed lunch), although they may also be used in
5220:
4264:Seasonal Landscapes Volume 7 of Landscape Series
3150:
1874:
1866:
1677:
3468:"A taste of Korea with three regional delights"
3271:. North Clarendon: Tuttle Publishing. pp.
3209:
2947:
2477:and are depicted together on one of the twelve
1377:(plum syrup) and is served either hot or cold.
908:Phylogenetic tree and ten representative traits
4109:. North Clarendon: Tuttle Publishing. p.
3871:How to read Chinese poetry: A guided anthology
3693:
3622:How to read Chinese poetry: A guided anthology
3113:Global climates since the last glacial maximum
2790:: University of Washington Press. p. LV.
2708:
1796:
1688:
1590:
3679:. Oxfordshire: Routledge. pp. 103, 110.
3565:
3436:Khan, Ikhlas A.; Abourashed, Ehab A. (2008).
3109:
2613:form of the Chinese word for the plum blossom
2275:
2152:
2142:
2121:
2095:their subtle scent pervades the moonlit dusk.
2091:encroaching on the charms of smaller gardens.
2055:
2037:
2009:
1782:
1770:
1657:
1643:
1633:
1616:
1441:
1431:
1331:
1317:
1137:
1121:
1105:
1094:
1085:
1076:
1067:
1058:
1042:
1031:
1022:
1013:
1004:
995:
986:
977:
968:
952:
919:have been cultivated for planting in various
866:). The Japanese and Korean terms derive from
786:
4554:. Asheville, N.C.: Lark Books. p. 132.
4375:. New Taipei City Government. Archived from
4067:
3867:
3833:
3831:
3589:
3587:
1606:
1544:
1532:
1493:. It can be made by simply mixing plums and
1472:
1366:
1354:
1164:) is a separate species or conspecific with
859:
847:
486:is a Chinese tree species classified in the
4502:"Plum Blossoms, its Symbolism and Meanings"
4404:. Folkestone: Global Oriental. p. 18.
3645:
2101:Thankfully, I can flirt in whispered verse,
1818:are generally eaten with rice as part of a
1685:. A brand selling plum liquor is Sơn Tinh.
1371:; "plum tea") is made by mixing water with
3931:
3929:
3765:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 58.
3220:
2428:incorporates the blossom into many of his
2103:I don't need a sounding board or winecup.
79:
52:
19:"Ume" redirects here. For other uses, see
4689:China Online Museum: Chinese Plum Blossom
4234:The book of mahjong: An illustrated guide
3960:
3958:
3897:
3895:
3893:
3891:
3828:
3584:
3358:
3185:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3047:
2989:
2891:
2758:
2099:butterflies would faint if they but knew.
1903:is a common fruit in Asia and is used in
4524:
3704:
3614:
3612:
3431:
3429:
3258:
3256:
3254:
3252:
3250:
3248:
2747:Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin
2645:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2322:National Flower of the Republic of China
2307:
2304:National Flower of the Republic of China
2132:
2004:The plum blossom, which is known as the
1995:
1910:
1864:A very similar variety of pickled plum,
1805:leaves are used. Plums used for making
1512:
903:
4397:
4302:
4133:
4094:
4022:
3926:
3798:
3731:
3725:
3646:Bartók, Mira; Ronan, Christine (1994).
3340:
2683:
1895:
1830:are also used as a popular filling for
1226:and most of them have red flowers. The
5221:
4549:
4453:"Vase (Maebyeong) with Lotus Blossoms"
4401:Symbolism in Korean ink brush painting
4285:
4283:
4237:. Boston: Tuttle Publishing. pp.
4068:Harper, Damian; Fallon, Steve (2005).
3985:
3955:
3888:
3863:
3861:
3597:. National Palace Museum. January 2003
3442:(3rd ed.). Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.
3307:
3305:
3044:
2097:Snowbirds look again before they land,
1931:"Clustering Chinese Plum Blossoms" by
931:In China, there are over 300 recorded
4724:
4723:
4574:Rowthorn, Chris and Florence, Mason.
4473:
4329:
4327:
3838:Dudbridge, Glen; Berg, Daria (2007).
3711:. Curriculum Press. pp. 28, 80.
3609:
3461:
3459:
3426:
3245:
2810:
2709:Kuitert, Wybe; Peterse, Arie (1999).
2684:Tan, Hugh T.W.; Giam, Xingli (2008).
2636:
2489:(710–794) until the emergence of the
2455:Plum blossoms are often mentioned in
1179:
4957:10ea8275-ac1c-4eb8-a046-7a829fce34fe
3937:"Taiwan periodicals_West & East"
3758:
3738:. The Miegunyah Press. p. 104.
3465:
3380:
3006:
2062:
1501:, by which the liquid may turn into
1426:A thick, sweet Chinese sauce called
926:
582:originated in the region around the
5229:IUCN Red List least concern species
4280:
3991:
3858:
3618:
3570:. New York: Springer. p. 273.
3493:
3302:
2781:
13:
4568:
4324:
4230:
3805:. London: Routledge. p. 641.
3672:
3456:
3087:
3063:"Armeniaca mume in Flora of China"
2920:
2863:
2715:. Portland: Timber Press. p.
2496:Japanese tradition holds that the
2365:). The flower is featured on some
2234:Spring Festival (Chinese New Year)
1858:vinegar, a salty, sour condiment.
1322:; "sour plum juice") is made from
344:(Siebold) H. Ohba & S. Akiyama
14:
5330:
5193:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2901821-4
4682:
4373:"Current New Taiwan Dollar Coins"
3844:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 56–58.
3566:Liu, Zhanwen; Liu, Liang (2009).
3466:Baek, Jong-hyun (23 April 2016).
3341:Tong, Yihua; Xia, Nianhe (2016).
2814:Oh garden of fresh possibilities!
2609:, various typhoons named for the
2522:
2198:(1368–1644), the garden designer
1985:"Blossoming plum" by the painter
1508:
5009:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:730000-1
4349:. China Airlines. Archived from
4334:National Flag, Anthem and Flower
4101:Patricia Bjaaland Welch (2008).
3901:
3263:Patricia Bjaaland Welch (2008).
2880:The Japanese Journal of Genetics
2442:period, the plum blossom became
2390:
2381:
1978:
1962:
1920:
1745:
1729:
1713:
1697:
1561:
1408:
1392:
1292:
1276:
1260:
742:
730:
714:
699:
687:
675:
663:
651:
104:
4653:
4631:
4606:
4581:
4543:
4518:
4494:
4467:
4445:
4418:
4391:
4365:
4339:
4255:
4224:
4198:
4176:
4154:
4127:
4061:
4049:
4016:
3964:
3819:
3792:
3779:
3752:
3666:
3652:. Good Year Books. p. 13.
3639:
3559:
3535:
3516:
3487:
3409:
3374:
3334:
3289:
3224:Gifts from the Gardens of China
3144:
3130:
3103:
3081:
2941:
2914:
1969:"Plum Blossoms" by the painter
1246:
774:. Another alternative name is
4208:. Musée Guimet. Archived from
3568:Essentials of Chinese medicine
3297:Kurashi no kotoba: Gogen Jiten
3110:Herbert Edgar, Wright (1993).
2839:
2804:
2775:
2733:
2702:
2677:
2623:
2351:Three Principles of the People
2244:or ceramic vases, such as the
1783:
1442:
1432:
1332:
1318:
860:
848:
601:
1:
4023:Thacker, Christopher (1985).
3969:. China Today. Archived from
2927:. Columbia University Press.
2617:
2527:
2287:may have originated from the
890:refers to a different plant,
4455:. Philadelphia Museum of Art
3799:Schmidt, Jerry Dean (2003).
2921:Yü, Ying-shih (2016-09-20).
1948:
1905:traditional Chinese medicine
1383:
921:gardens throughout East Asia
899:
555:should not be confused with
7:
3494:Han, Dongha (1 June 2016).
3321:Chinese Academy of Sciences
3299:", page 103. Kodansha, 1998
2712:Japanese flowering cherries
2563:
2450:
1689:Pickled and preserved plums
1579:Plum liquor, also known as
1251:
915:varieties and cultivars of
781:The flower is known as the
368:Masam. ex Kudô & Masam.
332:C. Z. Qiao & H. M. Shen
10:
5335:
5274:Fruits originating in Asia
4525:Nakamura, Shigeki (2009).
4428:Traditional Korean costume
4336:. Retrieved 9 August 2011.
4299:. Retrieved 9 August 2011.
4058:. Retrieved 9 August 2011.
3868:Cai, Zong-qi, ed. (2008).
3789:. Retrieved 9 August 2011.
3178:10.1038/s41467-018-04093-z
2823:David R. Godine, Publisher
2659:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2357:, the national carrier of
2301:
1953:
1446:), usually translated as "
939:. These are classified by
810:) and the fruit is called
737:Weeping plum tree cultivar
32:
25:
18:
5058:
4732:
4474:Smith, Judith G. (1998).
4398:Mullany, Francis (2006).
4266:. Springer. p. 223.
4164:. Encyclopædia Britannica
4076:. Lonely Planet. p.
3787:"Gu Shan (Solitary Hill)"
3221:Kilpatrick, Jane (2007).
2974:10.1038/s41438-018-0104-4
2372:
2333:
2312:Plum blossoms painted on
2276:
2153:
2143:
2122:
2056:
2038:
2010:
1797:
1771:
1658:
1644:
1634:
1617:
1607:
1591:
1552:
1545:
1533:
1485:ripe plums, is used as a
1473:
1367:
1355:
1161:
1138:
1122:
1106:
1095:
1086:
1077:
1068:
1059:
1043:
1032:
1023:
1014:
1005:
996:
987:
978:
969:
953:
787:
574:
289:
282:
260:
253:
101:Scientific classification
99:
77:
68:
60:
51:
44:
5309:Plants described in 1830
4550:Parker, Mary S. (1999).
4186:. Saint Louis Art Museum
3705:Heinrich, Sally (2007).
3317:Science Museums of China
2066:
896:, in southern Vietnam).
757:
4711:USDA Plant Profile for
4703:NDSU: A good history –
4184:"Prunus Vase (meiping)"
3759:Fong, Grace S. (2008).
3732:Forsyth, Holly (2010).
3417:"日本国政府農林水産省近畿農政局農林水産統計"
2786:(Translated ed.).
2023:Three Friends of Winter
1941:Hunan Provincial Museum
1241:
1230:trees are also used as
1152:It is disputed whether
709:"Peggy Clarke" blossoms
670:Washed and stemmed plum
619:East Asian rainy season
16:East Asian tree species
5314:Endemic flora of China
4639:"Bach Mai - Trang chủ"
4134:Hansman, John (1985).
4027:The history of gardens
3360:10.17520/biods.2016071
2317:
2224:and scenic spots near
2149:Emperor Wu of Liu Song
2138:
2087:
2001:
1875:
1867:
1678:
1522:
909:
373:Prunus mume microcarpa
5299:Plants used in bonsai
5279:Garden plants of Asia
4576:Lonely Planet: Kyoto
3967:"Ancient Cosmetology"
3673:Ip, Hung-yok (2005).
3619:Cai, Zong-qi (2008).
3496:"청(淸)과 발효액은 어떻게 다를까?"
3295:Yamaguchi, Y., ed.: "
3158:Nature Communications
2954:Horticulture Research
2782:Fan, Chengda (2010).
2475:Japanese bush warbler
2311:
2136:
1999:
1911:Cultural significance
1834:(onigiri) wrapped in
1516:
1093:Guhong Chuizhi Xing (
1075:Canxue Chuizhi Xing (
1057:Fenhua Chuizhi Xing (
907:
460:(L. H. Bailey) Rehder
365:Prunus mume formosana
4661:"Mai Huong Hospital"
4593:和樂web 美の国ニッポンをもっと知る！
4212:on 30 September 2011
3941:West & East 中美月刊
3785:China Travel Guide.
3543:"昔ながらの保存食！梅干し：農林水産省"
3473:Korea JoongAng Daily
3383:"Taxonomic study on
3347:Biodiversity Science
2519:(梅見, plum-viewing).
1896:Traditional medicine
1477:, "plum syrup"), an
1194:are classified into
1084:Baibi Chuizhi Xing (
1066:Wubao Chuizhi Xing (
629:, "plum rain"). The
21:Ume (disambiguation)
4641:. Bach Mai Hospital
3229:Frances Lincoln Ltd
3170:2018NatCo...9.1702Z
2966:2019HorR....6...24B
2811:Smith, Kim (2009).
2665:on November 9, 2011
1154:Prunus zhengheensis
721:Cross section of a
71:Conservation status
35:Plum Blossom (film)
28:Victory (1976 film)
4715:(Japanese apricot)
4295:2011-08-05 at the
3943:. 36–37: 9. 1991.
3529:2008-01-20 at the
3501:Kyunghyang Shinmun
3231:. pp. 16–17.
2760:10.1248/bpb.31.511
2590:Vietnamese cuisine
2560:trees were grown.
2318:
2165:Southern Dynasties
2139:
2002:
1882:Vietnamese cuisine
1523:
1454:, it is used as a
1180:Japanese varieties
910:
658:Unripe plum fruits
540:Vietnamese cuisine
524:East Asian cuisine
357:Prunus makinoensis
5216:
5215:
4965:Open Tree of Life
4726:Taxon identifiers
4561:978-1-57990-132-5
4536:978-1-59253-559-0
4487:978-0-87099-850-8
4438:978-1-905246-04-5
4411:978-1-901903-89-8
4353:on 17 August 2011
4248:978-0-8048-3302-8
4147:978-0-947593-01-8
4120:978-0-8048-3864-1
4042:978-0-520-05629-9
4005:978-0-521-18689-6
3992:Mei, Hua (2011).
3881:978-0-231-13941-0
3851:978-90-04-15483-4
3812:978-0-7007-1525-1
3772:978-0-8248-3186-8
3718:978-1-86366-697-8
3686:978-0-415-35165-2
3659:978-0-673-36180-6
3632:978-0-231-13941-0
3577:978-1-84882-111-8
3449:978-0-471-46743-4
3282:978-0-8048-3864-1
3238:978-0-7112-2630-2
3123:978-0-8166-2145-3
2934:978-0-231-54201-2
2893:10.1266/jjg.66.59
2832:978-1-56792-330-8
2507:The tradition of
2444:the imperial seal
2418:Korean embroidery
2367:New Taiwan dollar
2363:Republic of China
2342:Republic of China
2268:mahjong tile sets
2109:
2108:
1218:and apricot. The
1145:Prunus × blireana
1003:Huangxiang Xing (
927:Chinese varieties
893:Ochna integerrima
479:
478:
473:
472:(Carrière) Rehder
461:
458:
449:
448:(Carrière) Rehder
437:
425:
413:
401:
389:
377:
369:
361:
353:
345:
333:
321:
309:
297:
94:
5326:
5294:Ornamental trees
5284:Japanese cuisine
5269:Trees of Vietnam
5209:
5208:
5196:
5195:
5183:
5182:
5170:
5169:
5157:
5156:
5144:
5143:
5131:
5130:
5118:
5117:
5105:
5104:
5092:
5091:
5079:
5078:
5077:
5051:
5050:
5038:
5037:
5025:
5024:
5012:
5011:
4999:
4998:
4986:
4985:
4973:
4972:
4960:
4959:
4950:
4949:
4937:
4936:
4924:
4923:
4911:
4910:
4898:
4897:
4885:
4884:
4872:
4871:
4859:
4858:
4846:
4845:
4833:
4832:
4820:
4819:
4807:
4806:
4794:
4793:
4781:
4780:
4768:
4767:
4766:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4721:
4720:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4672:
4657:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4646:
4635:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4610:
4604:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4585:
4579:
4578:. 2001, page 21.
4572:
4566:
4565:
4547:
4541:
4540:
4522:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4512:
4498:
4492:
4491:
4471:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4460:
4449:
4443:
4442:
4422:
4416:
4415:
4395:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4384:
4379:on 31 March 2012
4369:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4358:
4343:
4337:
4331:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4317:
4306:
4300:
4287:
4278:
4277:
4259:
4253:
4252:
4231:Lo, Amy (2001).
4228:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4217:
4202:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4191:
4180:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4158:
4152:
4151:
4131:
4125:
4124:
4108:
4098:
4092:
4091:
4075:
4065:
4059:
4053:
4047:
4046:
4030:
4020:
4014:
4013:
3995:Chinese clothing
3989:
3983:
3982:
3980:
3978:
3962:
3953:
3952:
3933:
3924:
3923:
3921:
3919:
3899:
3886:
3885:
3865:
3856:
3855:
3835:
3826:
3823:
3817:
3816:
3796:
3790:
3783:
3777:
3776:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3729:
3723:
3722:
3702:
3691:
3690:
3670:
3664:
3663:
3643:
3637:
3636:
3616:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3591:
3582:
3581:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3553:
3539:
3533:
3520:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3509:
3491:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3480:
3463:
3454:
3453:
3433:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3378:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3362:
3338:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3309:
3300:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3270:
3260:
3243:
3242:
3218:
3207:
3206:
3189:
3148:
3142:
3141:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3107:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3096:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3074:
3059:
3042:
3041:
3010:
3004:
3003:
2993:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2895:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2762:
2737:
2731:
2730:
2706:
2700:
2699:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2661:. Archived from
2647:
2634:
2627:
2580:Japanese cuisine
2394:
2385:
2335:
2299:with merriness.
2279:
2278:
2156:
2155:
2146:
2145:
2125:
2124:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2041:
2040:
2013:
2012:
1982:
1966:
1924:
1878:
1870:
1826:(rolled sushi).
1800:
1799:
1786:
1785:
1774:
1773:
1749:
1733:
1717:
1701:
1683:
1661:
1660:
1647:
1646:
1637:
1636:
1620:
1619:
1610:
1609:
1594:
1593:
1565:
1548:
1547:
1536:
1535:
1491:sugar substitute
1476:
1475:
1445:
1444:
1435:
1434:
1412:
1396:
1370:
1369:
1358:
1357:
1335:
1334:
1321:
1320:
1296:
1280:
1264:
1163:
1141:
1140:
1125:
1124:
1109:
1108:
1104:Longyoumei Lei (
1098:
1097:
1089:
1088:
1080:
1079:
1071:
1070:
1062:
1061:
1046:
1045:
1041:Chuizhimei Lei (
1035:
1034:
1026:
1025:
1017:
1016:
1008:
1007:
999:
998:
990:
989:
981:
980:
972:
971:
956:
955:
865:
864:
853:
852:
793:Chinese painting
790:
789:
746:
734:
718:
703:
691:
679:
667:
655:
516:Japanese apricot
471:
459:
456:
447:
435:
423:
411:
399:
387:
375:
367:
359:
351:
343:
331:
319:
307:
295:
274:) Siebold &
266:
232:
216:
109:
108:
88:
83:
82:
56:
42:
41:
5334:
5333:
5329:
5328:
5327:
5325:
5324:
5323:
5319:Flora of Fujian
5264:Trees of Taiwan
5239:Chinese culture
5219:
5218:
5217:
5212:
5204:
5199:
5191:
5186:
5178:
5173:
5165:
5160:
5152:
5147:
5139:
5134:
5126:
5121:
5113:
5108:
5100:
5095:
5087:
5082:
5073:
5072:
5067:
5054:
5046:
5041:
5033:
5028:
5020:
5015:
5007:
5002:
4994:
4989:
4981:
4976:
4968:
4963:
4955:
4953:
4945:
4940:
4932:
4927:
4919:
4914:
4906:
4901:
4893:
4888:
4880:
4875:
4867:
4862:
4854:
4849:
4841:
4836:
4828:
4823:
4815:
4810:
4802:
4797:
4789:
4784:
4776:
4771:
4762:
4761:
4756:
4747:
4746:
4741:
4728:
4685:
4680:
4670:
4668:
4667:on 26 July 2011
4659:
4658:
4654:
4644:
4642:
4637:
4636:
4632:
4623:
4621:
4614:"梅見月 うめみづき｜暦生活"
4612:
4611:
4607:
4598:
4596:
4587:
4586:
4582:
4573:
4569:
4562:
4548:
4544:
4537:
4523:
4519:
4510:
4508:
4500:
4499:
4495:
4488:
4472:
4468:
4458:
4456:
4451:
4450:
4446:
4439:
4423:
4419:
4412:
4396:
4392:
4382:
4380:
4371:
4370:
4366:
4356:
4354:
4345:
4344:
4340:
4332:
4325:
4315:
4313:
4308:
4307:
4303:
4297:Wayback Machine
4288:
4281:
4274:
4260:
4256:
4249:
4229:
4225:
4215:
4213:
4204:
4203:
4199:
4189:
4187:
4182:
4181:
4177:
4167:
4165:
4160:
4159:
4155:
4148:
4132:
4128:
4121:
4099:
4095:
4088:
4066:
4062:
4054:
4050:
4043:
4021:
4017:
4006:
3990:
3986:
3976:
3974:
3965:Huo, Jianying.
3963:
3956:
3935:
3934:
3927:
3917:
3915:
3900:
3889:
3882:
3866:
3859:
3852:
3836:
3829:
3824:
3820:
3813:
3797:
3793:
3784:
3780:
3773:
3757:
3753:
3746:
3730:
3726:
3719:
3703:
3694:
3687:
3671:
3667:
3660:
3644:
3640:
3633:
3617:
3610:
3600:
3598:
3593:
3592:
3585:
3578:
3564:
3560:
3551:
3549:
3541:
3540:
3536:
3531:Wayback Machine
3521:
3517:
3507:
3505:
3492:
3488:
3478:
3476:
3464:
3457:
3450:
3434:
3427:
3419:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3400:
3398:
3379:
3375:
3365:
3363:
3339:
3335:
3325:
3323:
3311:
3310:
3303:
3294:
3290:
3283:
3261:
3246:
3239:
3219:
3210:
3149:
3145:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3124:
3108:
3104:
3094:
3092:
3086:
3082:
3072:
3070:
3061:
3060:
3045:
3027:10.1139/g06-097
3021:(10): 1256–64.
3011:
3007:
2946:
2942:
2935:
2919:
2915:
2868:
2864:
2845:
2844:
2840:
2833:
2809:
2805:
2798:
2780:
2776:
2738:
2734:
2727:
2707:
2703:
2696:
2682:
2678:
2668:
2666:
2649:
2648:
2637:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2596:Prunus salicina
2575:Chinese cuisine
2566:
2530:
2525:
2513:cherry blossoms
2457:Japanese poetry
2453:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2397:
2396:
2395:
2387:
2386:
2375:
2316:aircraft tails.
2306:
2297:cherry blossoms
2210:Chinese gardens
2147:), daughter of
2105:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2069:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1983:
1975:
1974:
1967:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1945:
1944:
1930:
1925:
1913:
1898:
1890:Hà Tây Province
1761:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1754:Maesil-jangajji
1750:
1742:
1741:
1734:
1726:
1725:
1718:
1710:
1709:
1702:
1691:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1566:
1555:
1511:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1413:
1405:
1404:
1397:
1386:
1342:sweet osmanthus
1308:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1297:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1273:
1272:
1265:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1222:trees have red
1182:
1136:Yinglimei Lei (
976:Jiangmei Xing (
967:Pinzimei Xing (
951:Zhizhimei Lei (
929:
913:Ornamental tree
902:
802:, it is called
760:
753:
747:
738:
735:
726:
719:
710:
704:
695:
692:
683:
680:
671:
668:
659:
656:
604:
577:
571:s common name.
564:Prunus japonica
558:Prunus salicina
490:section of the
352:(Siebold) André
278:
268:
262:
249:
230:
214:
103:
95:
84:
80:
73:
38:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5332:
5322:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5289:Japanese fruit
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5254:Trees of Korea
5251:
5249:Trees of Japan
5246:
5244:Trees of China
5241:
5236:
5231:
5214:
5213:
5211:
5210:
5197:
5184:
5171:
5158:
5145:
5132:
5119:
5106:
5093:
5080:
5064:
5062:
5060:Armeniaca mume
5056:
5055:
5053:
5052:
5048:wfo-0001017317
5039:
5026:
5013:
5000:
4987:
4974:
4961:
4951:
4938:
4925:
4912:
4899:
4886:
4873:
4860:
4847:
4834:
4821:
4808:
4795:
4782:
4769:
4754:
4738:
4736:
4730:
4729:
4718:
4717:
4708:
4700:
4691:
4684:
4683:External links
4681:
4679:
4678:
4652:
4630:
4605:
4580:
4567:
4560:
4542:
4535:
4517:
4493:
4486:
4466:
4444:
4437:
4417:
4410:
4390:
4364:
4347:"Looking back"
4338:
4323:
4301:
4279:
4273:978-1402049903
4272:
4254:
4247:
4223:
4197:
4175:
4153:
4146:
4126:
4119:
4093:
4086:
4060:
4048:
4041:
4015:
4004:
3984:
3954:
3925:
3914:on 25 May 2012
3887:
3880:
3857:
3850:
3827:
3818:
3811:
3791:
3778:
3771:
3751:
3744:
3724:
3717:
3708:Key into China
3692:
3685:
3665:
3658:
3638:
3631:
3608:
3583:
3576:
3558:
3547:www.maff.go.jp
3534:
3515:
3486:
3455:
3448:
3425:
3408:
3373:
3353:(6): 714–718.
3333:
3301:
3288:
3281:
3244:
3237:
3208:
3143:
3129:
3122:
3102:
3088:Wessel, Mark.
3080:
3043:
3005:
2940:
2933:
2913:
2862:
2838:
2831:
2825:. p. 38.
2803:
2796:
2774:
2753:(3): 511–515.
2732:
2725:
2701:
2694:
2676:
2635:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2604:
2599:
2592:
2587:
2585:Korean cuisine
2582:
2577:
2572:
2570:Chinese garden
2565:
2562:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2523:Southeast Asia
2521:
2452:
2449:
2399:
2398:
2389:
2388:
2380:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2355:China Airlines
2338:Executive Yuan
2314:China Airlines
2302:Main article:
2226:Zijin Mountain
2171:(618–907) and
2107:
2106:
2085:
2027:Four Gentlemen
1984:
1977:
1976:
1968:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1927:
1926:
1919:
1918:
1917:
1912:
1909:
1897:
1894:
1854:production is
1751:
1744:
1743:
1735:
1728:
1727:
1719:
1712:
1711:
1703:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1567:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1510:
1509:Flower pancake
1507:
1481:syrup made by
1479:anti-microbial
1414:
1407:
1406:
1398:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1298:
1291:
1290:
1282:
1275:
1274:
1266:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1208:Bungo Province
1181:
1178:
1150:
1149:
1134:
1118:
1102:
1101:
1100:
1091:
1082:
1073:
1064:
1039:
1038:
1037:
1028:
1019:
1010:
1001:
992:
985:Gongfen Xing (
983:
974:
928:
925:
901:
898:
868:Middle Chinese
759:
756:
755:
754:
748:
741:
739:
736:
729:
727:
720:
713:
711:
705:
698:
696:
693:
686:
684:
681:
674:
672:
669:
662:
660:
657:
650:
603:
600:
576:
573:
477:
476:
475:
474:
462:
450:
438:
426:
414:
402:
390:
378:
370:
362:
354:
349:Prunopsis mume
346:
337:Armeniaca mume
334:
325:Armeniaca mume
322:
313:Armeniaca mume
310:
301:Armeniaca mume
298:
293:Armeniaca mume
287:
286:
280:
279:
269:
258:
257:
251:
250:
243:
241:
237:
236:
225:
221:
220:
209:
205:
204:
197:
193:
192:
187:
183:
182:
177:
173:
172:
167:
160:
159:
154:
147:
146:
141:
134:
133:
128:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
97:
96:
78:
75:
74:
69:
66:
65:
58:
57:
49:
48:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5331:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5259:Trees of Laos
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5226:
5224:
5207:
5202:
5198:
5194:
5189:
5185:
5181:
5176:
5172:
5168:
5163:
5159:
5155:
5150:
5146:
5142:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5124:
5120:
5116:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5098:
5094:
5090:
5085:
5081:
5076:
5070:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5061:
5057:
5049:
5044:
5040:
5036:
5031:
5027:
5023:
5018:
5014:
5010:
5005:
5001:
4997:
4992:
4988:
4984:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4966:
4962:
4958:
4952:
4948:
4943:
4939:
4935:
4930:
4926:
4922:
4917:
4913:
4909:
4904:
4900:
4896:
4891:
4887:
4883:
4878:
4874:
4870:
4865:
4861:
4857:
4852:
4848:
4844:
4839:
4835:
4831:
4826:
4822:
4818:
4813:
4809:
4805:
4800:
4796:
4792:
4787:
4783:
4779:
4774:
4770:
4765:
4759:
4755:
4750:
4744:
4740:
4739:
4737:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4722:
4716:
4714:
4709:
4707:
4706:
4701:
4699:
4697:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4686:
4666:
4662:
4656:
4640:
4634:
4620:(in Japanese)
4619:
4615:
4609:
4595:(in Japanese)
4594:
4590:
4584:
4577:
4571:
4563:
4557:
4553:
4546:
4538:
4532:
4528:
4521:
4507:
4503:
4497:
4489:
4483:
4479:
4478:
4477:Arts of Korea
4470:
4454:
4448:
4440:
4434:
4430:
4429:
4421:
4413:
4407:
4403:
4402:
4394:
4378:
4374:
4368:
4352:
4348:
4342:
4335:
4330:
4328:
4311:
4305:
4298:
4294:
4291:
4286:
4284:
4275:
4269:
4265:
4258:
4250:
4244:
4240:
4236:
4235:
4227:
4211:
4207:
4201:
4185:
4179:
4163:
4157:
4149:
4143:
4139:
4138:
4130:
4122:
4116:
4112:
4107:
4106:
4097:
4089:
4087:9781740596879
4083:
4079:
4074:
4073:
4064:
4057:
4052:
4044:
4038:
4034:
4029:
4028:
4019:
4012:
4007:
4001:
3997:
3996:
3988:
3973:on 9 May 2012
3972:
3968:
3961:
3959:
3950:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3932:
3930:
3913:
3909:
3908:Taiwan Review
3905:
3902:Wang, Betty.
3898:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3883:
3877:
3873:
3872:
3864:
3862:
3853:
3847:
3843:
3842:
3841:Reading China
3834:
3832:
3822:
3814:
3808:
3804:
3803:
3795:
3788:
3782:
3774:
3768:
3764:
3763:
3755:
3747:
3745:9780522857764
3741:
3737:
3736:
3728:
3720:
3714:
3710:
3709:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3688:
3682:
3678:
3677:
3669:
3661:
3655:
3651:
3650:
3649:Ancient China
3642:
3634:
3628:
3624:
3623:
3615:
3613:
3596:
3590:
3588:
3579:
3573:
3569:
3562:
3548:
3544:
3538:
3532:
3528:
3525:
3519:
3503:
3502:
3497:
3490:
3475:
3474:
3469:
3462:
3460:
3451:
3445:
3441:
3440:
3432:
3430:
3418:
3412:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3386:
3377:
3361:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3337:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3308:
3306:
3298:
3292:
3284:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3268:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3253:
3251:
3249:
3240:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3225:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3205:
3203:
3197:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3147:
3139:
3133:
3125:
3119:
3115:
3114:
3106:
3091:
3084:
3068:
3064:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3009:
3001:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2944:
2936:
2930:
2926:
2925:
2917:
2910:
2908:
2903:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2875:
2866:
2858:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2842:
2834:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2819:New Hampshire
2816:
2815:
2807:
2799:
2797:9780295990798
2793:
2789:
2785:
2778:
2770:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2736:
2728:
2726:9780881924688
2722:
2718:
2714:
2713:
2705:
2697:
2695:9789812614278
2691:
2687:
2680:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2654:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2632:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2608:
2607:Typhoon Muifa
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
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2471:
2467:, they are a
2466:
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2440:Korean Empire
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2436:
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2166:
2162:
2161:
2160:meihua chuang
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2104:
2086:
2083:
2065:
2064:
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2053:
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2019:
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1965:
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1480:
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1469:
1468:maesil-cheong
1463:
1461:
1457:
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1418:
1417:Maesil-cheong
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1374:maesil-cheong
1364:
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1209:
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1120:Xingmei Lei (
1119:
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1103:
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1030:Zhusha Xing (
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1002:
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965:
964:
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942:
941:phylogenetics
938:
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922:
918:
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895:
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833:
829:
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769:
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745:
740:
733:
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724:
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708:
702:
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694:Plum blossoms
690:
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682:Plum blossoms
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649:
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584:Yangtze River
581:
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559:
554:
550:
547:
545:
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537:
533:
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521:
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512:Japanese plum
510:
509:Chinese plum,
506:
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255:Binomial name
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131:Tracheophytes
129:
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107:
102:
98:
92:
87:
86:Least Concern
76:
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50:
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4695:
4694:NPGS/GRIN –
4669:. Retrieved
4665:the original
4655:
4643:. Retrieved
4633:
4622:. Retrieved
4617:
4608:
4597:. Retrieved
4592:
4583:
4575:
4570:
4551:
4545:
4526:
4520:
4509:. Retrieved
4505:
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4447:
4427:
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4381:. Retrieved
4377:the original
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4355:. Retrieved
4351:the original
4341:
4314:. Retrieved
4304:
4263:
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4233:
4226:
4214:. Retrieved
4210:the original
4200:
4188:. Retrieved
4178:
4166:. Retrieved
4156:
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4063:
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3821:
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3599:. Retrieved
3567:
3561:
3550:. Retrieved
3546:
3537:
3518:
3506:. Retrieved
3499:
3489:
3477:. Retrieved
3471:
3438:
3411:
3401:18 September
3399:. Retrieved
3397:(3): 103–111
3394:
3390:
3384:
3376:
3366:18 September
3364:. Retrieved
3350:
3346:
3336:
3324:. Retrieved
3316:
3296:
3291:
3266:
3223:
3201:
3199:
3161:
3157:
3146:
3132:
3112:
3105:
3093:. Retrieved
3083:
3071:. Retrieved
3066:
3038:
3018:
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3008:
2957:
2953:
2943:
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2856:
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2663:the original
2652:
2630:
2625:
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2557:
2537:
2531:
2516:
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2501:
2497:
2495:
2491:Heian period
2468:
2454:
2437:
2415:
2325:
2319:
2292:
2284:
2282:
2271:
2254:
2252:(960–1279).
2250:Song dynasty
2213:
2203:
2196:Ming dynasty
2193:
2158:
2140:
2127:
2126:) replied, "
2113:
2110:
2088:
2067:
2044:Song dynasty
2031:
2020:
2016:Confucianism
2005:
2003:
1914:
1900:
1899:
1886:Hương Pagoda
1873:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1827:
1815:
1810:night). The
1806:
1790:
1789:
1776:
1764:
1762:
1752:
1736:
1720:
1704:
1676:
1674:
1672:tea liquor.
1663:
1653:
1649:
1639:
1629:
1623:
1612:
1600:
1584:
1578:
1568:
1538:
1526:
1524:
1517:
1499:fermentation
1466:
1464:
1437:
1427:
1425:
1415:
1399:
1379:
1372:
1360:
1348:
1346:
1337:
1327:
1324:smoked plums
1311:
1309:
1299:
1283:
1267:
1247:Culinary use
1227:
1219:
1215:
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1195:
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1183:
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994:Yudie Xing (
962:
958:
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891:
887:
883:
879:
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839:
830:; hiragana:
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780:
775:
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767:
761:
750:
722:
706:
606:
605:
579:
578:
569:Prunus mume'
568:
562:
556:
552:
551:
548:
520:plum blossom
519:
515:
511:
508:
505:common names
500:
494:
487:
482:
481:
480:
468:
464:
452:
444:
440:
432:
428:
420:
416:
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396:
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388:L. H. Bailey
384:
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372:
364:
356:
348:
340:
336:
328:
324:
316:
312:
304:
300:
292:
263:
261:
246:P. mume
245:
244:
228:
212:
200:
163:
150:
137:
124:
61:
45:
39:
4877:iNaturalist
4764:Prunus mume
4758:Wikispecies
4734:Prunus mume
4713:Prunus mume
4705:Prunus mume
4698:information
4696:Prunus mume
3918:20 November
3508:18 December
3504:(in Korean)
3479:17 December
3202:Prunus mume
3164:(1): 1702.
2847:"Gardening"
2653:Prunus mume
2487:Nara period
2426:Kim Se-yong
2347:Sun Yat-sen
2259:lineage of
2194:During the
1901:Prunus mume
1880:is used in
1706:Li hing mui
1665:P. salicina
1662:), made of
1540:maehwa-jeon
1519:Maehwa-jeon
1338:suanmeitang
1313:suanmeitang
1269:Suanmeitang
1216:Prunus mume
1202:(red), and
1189:Prunus mume
1166:Prunus mume
1128:Prunus mume
1112:Prunus mume
1049:Prunus mume
1012:Lü'e Xing (
959:Prunus mume
937:Prunus mume
858::
846::
751:Prunus mume
749:A grove of
723:Prunus mume
707:Prunus mume
607:Prunus mume
602:Description
580:Prunus mume
553:Prunus mume
544:as a pickle
483:Prunus mume
465:Prunus mume
453:Prunus mume
441:Prunus mume
429:Prunus mume
417:Prunus mume
405:Prunus mume
393:Prunus mume
381:Prunus mume
329:pubicaulina
264:Prunus mume
144:Angiosperms
62:Prunus mume
46:Prunus mume
5223:Categories
4978:Plant List
4624:2024-02-21
4599:2024-02-21
4511:2023-05-19
3552:2020-05-30
3227:. London:
2852:The Garden
2618:References
2528:Vietnamese
2326:Prunus Mei
1943:collection
1832:rice balls
1648:) made of
1525:In Korea,
1465:In Korea,
1452:duck sauce
1448:plum sauce
1438:meizijiang
1401:Meizijiang
1362:Maesil-cha
1350:Maehwa-cha
1310:In China,
1301:Maehwa-cha
1285:Maesil-cha
1186:ornamental
1184:In Japan,
886:(although
876:Vietnamese
636:cultivated
208:Subgenus:
5128:200010631
5115:200010631
5075:Q15532926
4921:136775345
4843:242341580
4671:27 August
4645:27 August
4506:Lotus Fun
4459:22 August
4383:21 August
4357:21 August
4216:18 August
4206:"Meiping"
4190:17 August
4168:17 August
4162:"meiping"
3977:8 October
3949:0043-3047
3601:10 August
3391:植物资源与环境学报
3385:Armeniaca
3326:28 August
3095:21 August
3073:21 August
2982:2052-7276
2960:(1): 24.
2886:(1): 60.
2669:August 9,
2602:Greengage
2550:Hoàng Mai
2546:Mai Hương
2336:) by the
2261:Wing Chun
2242:porcelain
2218:West Lake
2118:Su Dongpo
2082:不須檀板共金樽。
2048:West Lake
2042:) of the
1987:Wang Mian
1949:East Asia
1824:makizushi
1812:flavonoid
1766:suanmeizi
1722:Suanmeizi
1602:maesil-ju
1581:plum wine
1503:plum wine
1487:condiment
1460:egg rolls
1456:condiment
1384:Condiment
1326:, called
1224:heartwood
1192:cultivars
933:cultivars
900:Varieties
615:East Asia
611:deciduous
499:subgenus
488:Armeniaca
469:alphandii
457:alboplena
397:laciniata
385:alboplena
317:alphandii
240:Species:
233:Armeniaca
224:Section:
114:Kingdom:
64:blossoms
5304:Apricots
5206:27805590
5201:Tropicos
5180:50026548
5167:721646-1
5069:Wikidata
5035:27803569
5030:Tropicos
4983:rjp-7972
4895:730000-1
4743:Wikidata
4293:Archived
3527:Archived
3313:"梅和梅的品种"
3196:29703940
3035:17213907
3000:30729014
2769:18310920
2611:Macanese
2564:See also
2542:Bạch Mai
2483:hanafuda
2451:Japanese
2430:openwork
2422:ceramist
2410:maebyong
2270:, where
2222:Hangzhou
2200:Ji Cheng
2183:powder,
2179:powder,
2080:幸有微吟可相狎，
2078:粉蝶如知合斷魂。
2076:霜禽欲下先偷眼，
2074:暗香浮動月黃昏。
2072:疏影橫斜水清淺，
2070:占斷風情向小園。
2068:眾芳搖落獨暄妍，
2052:Hangzhou
1935:painter
1856:umeboshi
1852:umeboshi
1848:umeboshi
1840:umeboshi
1828:Umeboshi
1816:Umeboshi
1807:umeboshi
1792:Umeboshi
1738:Umeboshi
1630:wumeijiu
1608:매실주, 梅實酒
1546:매화전, 梅花煎
1483:sugaring
1474:매실청, 梅實淸
1428:meijiang
1368:매실차, 梅實茶
1356:매화차, 梅花茶
1252:Beverage
1236:Umeboshi
1232:grafting
1198:(wild),
1116:tortuosa
888:mai vàng
878:name is
838:name is
826:(kanji:
822:name is
820:Japanese
638:for its
532:Japanese
507:include
320:Carrière
308:Carrière
284:Synonyms
190:Rosaceae
186:Family:
157:Eudicots
91:IUCN 3.1
5141:5369448
5089:1142534
4929:MoBotPF
4856:3021046
4799:Ecocrop
4749:Q157763
4316:31 July
3187:5923208
3166:Bibcode
3067:eFloras
2991:6355818
2962:Bibcode
2907:P. mume
2902:1676591
2788:Seattle
2655:(mume)"
2558:P. mume
2534:Vietnam
2435:vases.
2433:celadon
2424:Master
2404:meiping
2369:coins.
2340:of the
2330:Chinese
2289:Chinese
2264:kung fu
2257:Moy Yat
2246:meiping
2238:penjing
2230:Nanjing
2177:sorghum
1971:Chen Lu
1954:Chinese
1937:Chen Lu
1868:xí muội
1844:bainiku
1680:rượu mơ
1650:P. mume
1528:hwajeon
1174:P. mume
1170:Zhenghe
1158:Chinese
1053:pendula
945:P. mume
917:P. mume
818:). The
800:Chinese
764:English
644:flowers
596:Vietnam
528:Chinese
412:Siebold
409:pendula
341:pendula
296:Siebold
272:Siebold
229:Prunus
213:Prunus
196:Genus:
180:Rosales
176:Order:
118:Plantae
89: (
5234:Prunus
5154:406530
4991:PLANTS
4970:426562
4954:NZOR:
4947:102107
4934:286543
4908:506231
4882:357447
4817:628584
4778:367985
4558:
4533:
4484:
4435:
4408:
4270:
4245:
4144:
4117:
4084:
4039:
4002:
3947:
3878:
3848:
3809:
3769:
3742:
3715:
3683:
3656:
3629:
3574:
3446:
3279:
3235:
3194:
3184:
3120:
3033:
3015:Genome
2998:
2988:
2980:
2931:
2900:
2874:Prunus
2829:
2794:
2767:
2723:
2692:
2509:hanami
2408:Goryeo
2373:Korean
2359:Taiwan
2332::
2293:hanami
2285:hanami
2214:meihua
2205:Yuanye
2034:Lin Bu
2006:meihua
1778:Huamei
1670:oolong
1668:, and
1640:meijiu
1626:Taiwan
1613:méijiǔ
1597:shōchū
1586:Umeshu
1570:Umeshu
1553:Liquor
1534:화전, 花煎
1160::
963:typica
874:. The
854:;
844:Korean
840:maesil
836:Korean
783:meihua
621:, the
594:, and
575:Origin
536:Korean
514:, and
503:. Its
501:Prunus
496:Prunus
436:Rehder
424:Ingram
400:Maxim.
376:Makino
217:Prunus
201:Prunus
170:Rosids
5022:25783
4996:PRMU5
4869:30048
4830:PRNMM
4791:4N926
4239:47–48
4072:China
3420:(PDF)
3200:Mei (
2554:Hanoi
2517:umemi
2479:suits
2465:renga
2461:haiku
2361:(the
2185:paper
1876:ô mai
1820:bento
1803:shiso
1654:lijiu
1495:sugar
1436:) or
1328:wumei
1228:yabai
1220:hibai
1212:bungo
1204:bungo
1200:hibai
1196:yabai
1132:bungo
1130:var.
1114:var.
1096:骨紅垂枝型
1087:白碧垂枝型
1078:殘雪垂枝型
1069:五寶垂枝型
1060:粉花垂枝型
1051:var.
961:var.
856:Hanja
812:meizi
758:Names
725:trunk
640:fruit
631:drupe
623:meiyu
609:is a
592:Korea
588:Japan
492:genus
433:tonsa
431:var.
421:rosea
419:var.
407:var.
395:var.
383:var.
327:var.
315:var.
303:var.
276:Zucc.
231:sect.
215:subg.
164:Clade
151:Clade
138:Clade
125:Clade
5188:POWO
5175:IUCN
5162:IPNI
5149:GRIN
5136:GBIF
5102:GS3K
5084:BOLD
5004:POWO
4942:NCBI
4916:IUCN
4903:ITIS
4890:IPNI
4864:GRIN
4851:GBIF
4825:EPPO
4804:8983
4773:BOLD
4673:2011
4647:2011
4556:ISBN
4531:ISBN
4482:ISBN
4461:2011
4433:ISBN
4406:ISBN
4385:2011
4359:2011
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4243:ISBN
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4192:2011
4170:2011
4142:ISBN
4115:ISBN
4082:ISBN
4037:ISBN
4000:ISBN
3979:2011
3945:ISSN
3920:2011
3876:ISBN
3846:ISBN
3807:ISBN
3767:ISBN
3740:ISBN
3713:ISBN
3681:ISBN
3654:ISBN
3627:ISBN
3603:2011
3572:ISBN
3510:2016
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3444:ISBN
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3395:2016
3368:2018
3328:2011
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3275:–9.
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2898:PMID
2827:ISBN
2792:ISBN
2765:PMID
2721:ISBN
2690:ISBN
2671:2011
2470:kigo
2406:and
2401:Song
2320:The
2255:The
2189:jade
2181:gold
2173:Song
2169:Tang
2154:劉宋武帝
2144:壽陽公主
2057:山園小梅
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538:and
445:alba
360:Lév.
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4838:FNA
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4618:暦生活
4078:228
3524:烏梅酒
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2970:doi
2888:doi
2857:112
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1443:梅子醬
1319:酸梅湯
1162:政和杏
1123:杏梅類
1033:硃砂型
1024:灑金型
1015:綠萼型
1006:黃香型
997:玉蝶型
988:宮粉型
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