670:
502:
great majority of cases it is not possible to establish the point of origin by a simple interrogation of the patient, however thoroughly it may be carried out. This is in part because what is in question is often some experience which the patient dislikes discussing; but principally because he is genuinely unable to recollect it and often has no suspicion of the causal connection between the precipitating event and the pathological phenomenon. As a rule it is necessary to hypnotize the patient and to arouse his memories under hypnosis of the time at which the symptom made its first appearance; when this has been done, it becomes possible to demonstrate the connection in the clearest and most convincing fashion...
2209:
1338:
nomenclature, a psychoneurotic reaction may be defined as one in which the personality, in its struggle for adjustment to internal and external stresses, utilizes the mechanisms listed above to handle the anxiety created. The qualifying phrase, x.2 with neurotic reaction, may be used to amplify the diagnosis when, in the presence of another psychiatric disturbance, a symptomatic clinical picture appears which might be diagnosed under
Psychoneurotic Disorders in this nomenclature. A specific example may be seen in an episode of acute anxiety occurring in a homosexual.
1889:
415:
2261:. The first phase identifies the individual's specific reaction to stressors and how they manifest into symptoms. The second phase helps teach techniques to regulate these symptoms using relaxation methods. The third phase deals with specific coping strategies and positive cognitions to work through the stressors. Finally, the fourth phase exposes the client to imagined and real-life situations related to the traumatic event. This training helps to shape the response to future triggers to diminish impairment in daily life.
1936:, stated that an event will not be perceived as stressful when it is appraised as consistent, under some personal control of the outcome, and balanced between underload and overload. Someone resistant to stress will see potential stressors as instead being "meaningful, predictable, and ordered." Antonovsky proposed that stress and a lack of an individual's "resistance resources" (to stressors) may be the main underlying causes of illness and disease, not just mental neuroses. This book established the field of
2443:... anxiety, sadness or depression, anger, irritability, mental confusion, low sense of self-worth, etc., behavioral symptoms such as phobic avoidance, vigilance, impulsive and compulsive acts, lethargy, etc., cognitive problems such as unpleasant or disturbing thoughts, repetition of thoughts and obsession, habitual fantasizing, negativity and cynicism, etc. Interpersonally, neurosis involves dependency, aggressiveness, perfectionism, schizoid isolation, socio-culturally inappropriate behaviors, etc.
357:. His illness was a turning point in her life. While sitting up at night at his sickbed she was suddenly tormented by hallucinations and a state of anxiety. At first the family did not react to these symptoms, but in November 1880, Breuer, a friend of the family, began to treat her. He encouraged her, sometimes under light hypnosis, to narrate stories, which led to partial improvement of the clinical picture, although her overall condition continued to deteriorate.
1091:
486:
177:
587:
what they also have in common is the occurrence of more transitory, peculiar manifestations of illness, sometimes in the physical, sometimes in the psychic area. These attacks of fluctuations in mental balance are therefore not independent illnesses, but only the occasional increase in a persistent illness... It seems useful to me, for the time being, to distinguish between two main forms of general neuroses,
718:. This began at Harvard University in 1908. PMR involves learning to relieve the tension in specific muscle groups by first tensing and then relaxing each muscle group. When the muscle tension is released, attention is directed towards the differences felt during tension and relaxation so that the patient learns to recognize the contrast between the states. This reduces anxiety and the effect of phobias.
2651:... is blind to the fact that, with all his rationality and efficiency, he is possessed by 'powers' that are beyond his control. His gods and demons have not disappeared at all; they have merely got new names. They keep him on the run with restlessness, vague apprehensions, psychological complications, an insatiable need for pills, alcohol, tobacco, food — and, above all, a large array of neuroses.
277:. After the publication of his third paper on the topic in 1817, morphine became more widely known, and used to treat neuroses and other kinds of mental distress. After becoming addicted to this highly addictive substance, he warned "I consider it my duty to attract attention to the terrible effects of this new substance I called morphium in order that calamity may be averted."
2630:
1304:
individual, parts of himself which have been termed unconscious, or repressed, or denied to awareness, become blocked off so that they no longer communicate themselves to the conscious or managing part of himself... The task of psychotherapy is to help the person achieve, through a special relationship with the therapist, good communication within himself.
2760:, a state of being in which the person responds to the world with the full depth of their spontaneous feelings, rather than with anxiety-driven compulsion. Thus, the person grows to actualize their inborn potentialities. Horney compares this process to an acorn that grows and becomes a tree: the acorn has had the potential for a tree inside it all along.
361:
recovered since that time" were the words with which Breuer concluded his case report. Accounts differ on the success of
Pappenheim's treatment by Breuer. She did not speak about this episode in her later life, and vehemently opposed any attempts at psychoanalytic treatment of people in her care. Breuer was not quick to publish about this case.
2711:
to begin with, his particular "solution" of his basic conflict: compliance becomes goodness, love, saintliness; aggressiveness becomes strength, leadership, heroism, omnipotence; aloofness becomes wisdom, self-sufficiency, independence. What—according to his particular solution—appear as shortcomings or flaws are always dimmed out or retouched.
2290:. PMR involves learning to relieve the tension in specific muscle groups by first tensing and then relaxing each muscle group. When the muscle tension is released, attention is directed towards the differences felt during tension and relaxation so that the patient learns to recognize the contrast between the states. This reduces anxiety.
331:
1384:". This was defined as a normal personality using established patterns of reaction to deal with overwhelming fear as a response to conditions of great stress. The diagnosis included language which relates the condition to combat as well as to "civilian catastrophe". The other situational disorders were "
2647:. Jung claims to have "frequently seen people become neurotic when they content themselves with inadequate or wrong answers to the questions of life". Accordingly, the majority of his patients "consisted not of believers but of those who had lost their faith". A contemporary person, according to Jung,
2688:
of neurosis. In her theory, neurosis is a distorted way of looking at the world and at oneself, which is determined by compulsive needs rather than by a genuine interest in the world as it is. Horney proposes that neurosis is transmitted to a child from their early environment and that there are many
1303:
The emotionally maladjusted person, the "neurotic", is in difficulty first because communication within himself has broken down, and second because as a result of this his communication with others has been damaged. If this sounds somewhat strange, then let me put it in other terms. In the "neurotic"
2715:
Once they identify themselves with their idealized image, a number of effects follow. They will make claims on others and on life based on the prestige they feel entitled to because of their idealized self-image. They will impose a rigorous set of standards upon themselves in order to try to measure
444:
Quite recently male hysteria has been studied by Messrs. Putnam and Walton in
America, principally as it occurs after injuries, and especially after railway accidents. They have recognised, like Mr. Page, who in England has also paid attention to this subject, that many of those nervous accidents
2710:
Each person builds up his personal idealized image from the materials of his own special experiences, his earlier fantasies, his particular needs, and also his given faculties. If it were not for the personal character of the image, he would not attain a feeling of identity and unity. He idealizes,
2352:
People who feel that they have urgent work or a work situation where the reward is perceived as small in relation to the effort develops more symptoms of depression and exhaustion disorder than others. This also applies to those who experience insecurity in the employment, for example concerns that
688:
in 1904, which was translated into
English as "Psychic Treatment of Nervous Disorders (The Psychoneuroses and Their Moral Treatment)" in 1905. Dubois believed that neurosis could be successfully treated by listening carefully to patients, and rationally convincing them of the truth — what he called
321:
for non-psychotic mental disorders in 1875. His 1877 book "Fat and Blood: and how to make them" gave a fuller explanation. The cure originally involved women being isolated in bed, only communicating with a nurse trained to talk about unchallenging topics, a fattening diet of milk, plus massage and
862:
While recognizing that each individual case of war neurosis must be treated on its merits, the
Committee are of opinion that good results will be obtained in the majority by the simplest forms of psycho-therapy, i.e., explanation, persuasion and suggestion, aided by such physical methods as baths,
586:
In the following presentation we want to summarize a group of disease states as general neuroses, which are accompanied by more or less pronounced nervous dysfunctions. What is common to these manifestations of insanity is that we are constantly dealing with the morbid processing of vital stimuli;
505:
It is of course obvious that in cases of 'traumatic' hysteria what provokes the symptoms is the accident. The causal connection is equally evident in hysterical attacks when it is possible to gather from the patient's utterances that in each attack he is hallucinating the same event which provoked
1621:
In 1966, psychologists began to observe large numbers of children of
Holocaust survivors seeking mental help in clinics in Canada. The grandchildren of Holocaust survivors were overrepresented by 300% among the referrals to psychiatry clinics in comparison with their representation in the general
509:
Our experiences have shown us, however, that the most various symptoms, which are ostensibly spontaneous and, as one might say, idiopathic products of hysteria, are just as strictly related to the precipitating trauma as the phenomena to which we have just alluded and which exhibit the connection
2348:
People who experience a lack of compassionate support in the work environment develop more symptoms of depression and exhaustion disorder than others. Those who experience bullying or conflict in their work develop more depressive symptoms than others, but it is not possible to determine whether
2043:
remained, and was defined separately. Its time-of-life based subtypes were abolished, replaced with combinations with co-morbid syndromes (such as "Adjustment
Disorder with Depressed Mood" and "Adjustment Disorder with Anxious Mood"). Adjustment disorder returned to being a short-term condition.
501:
A chance observation has led us, over a number of years, to investigate a great variety of different forms and symptoms of hysteria, with a view to discovering their precipitating cause the event which provoked the first occurrence, often many years earlier, of the phenomenon in question. In the
700:
Meanwhile, Freud developed a number of different theories of neurosis. The most impactful one was that it referred to mental disorders caused by the brain's defence against past psychological trauma. This redefined the general understanding and use of the word. It came to replace the concept of
1337:
Grouped as
Psychoneurotic Disorders are those disturbances in which "anxiety" is a chief characteristic, directly felt and expressed, or automatically controlled by such defenses as depression, conversion, dissociation, displacement, phobia formation, or repetitive thoughts and acts. For this
828:
The symptom develops as a substitution for something else that has remained suppressed. Certain psychological experiences should normally have become so far elaborated that consciousness would have attained knowledge of them. This did not take place, however, but out of these interrupted and
360:
According to Breuer, the slow and laborious progress of her "remembering work" in which she recalled individual symptoms after they had occurred, thus "dissolving" them, came to a conclusion on 7 June 1882 after she had reconstructed the first night of hallucinations in Ischl. "She has fully
2693:
When summarized, they all boil down to the fact that the people in the environment are too wrapped up in their own neuroses to be able to love the child, or even to conceive of him as the particular individual he is; their attitudes toward him are determined by their own neurotic needs and
1268:" to refer to someone whose "constitution may leave them liable to break down with the slightest provocation". The book outlines a two-factor theory of personality, with neuroticism as one of those two factors. This book would be greatly influential on future personality theory.
866:
The committee are of opinion that the production of deep hypnotic sleep, while beneficial as a means of conveying suggestions or eliciting forgotten experiences are useful in selected cases, but in the majority they are unnecessary and may even aggravate the symptoms for a time.
496:
Breuer came to mentor Freud. The pair released the paper "Ueber den psychischen
Mechanismus hysterischer Phänomene. (Vorläufige Mittheilung.)" (known in English as "On the physical mechanism of hysterical phenomena: preliminary communication") in January 1893. It opens
1947:
published a well-cited working definition of "emotional processing", aiming to define the "certain psychological experiences" Freud had mentioned in his 1923 book (and had earlier referred to). It included lists of things likely to improve or retard such processing.
1151:
By 1939, some 120,000 British ex-servicemen had received final awards for primary psychiatric disability or were still drawing pensions – about 15% of all pensioned disabilities – and another 44,000 or so were getting pensions for "soldier's heart" or
1761:
of adult life", a condition covering mild to strong reactions. Other adjustment disorders for other times-of-life were also included. (Also, the category "transient situational personality disorders" was renamed "transient situational disturbances.")
1441:
in 1950. It reviewed the existing research on the subject. It found that some anxiety was a simple reaction to related stimuli, while other anxiety had a more complicated and neurotic beginning. A revised edition of the book was published in 1977.
911:
which included a revised theory of mental functioning, now considering that repression was only one of many defence mechanisms, and that it occurred to reduce anxiety. Hence, Freud characterised repression as both a cause and a result of anxiety.
1810:
pain of childhood trauma. Janov argued that repressed pain can be sequentially brought to conscious awareness for resolution through re-experiencing specific incidents and fully expressing the resulting pain during therapy. Janov criticizes the
2659:
finds expression primarily through an individual's inferior psychological function, whether it is thinking, feeling, sensation, or intuition. The characteristic effects of a neurosis on the dominant and inferior functions are discussed in his
2315:
found that resilience could be improved in an individual by the 1) reduction of risk impact, 2) reduction of negative chain reactions, 3) establishment and maintenance of self-esteem and self-efficacy, and 4) opening up of opportunities.
2356:
In some work environments, people have less trouble. People who experience good opportunities for control in their own work and those who feel that they are treated fairly develop less symptoms of depression and exhaustion disorder than
6055:
1516:(REBT). Ellis believed that people's erroneous beliefs about their adversities was a major cause of neurosis, and his therapy aimed to dissolve these neuroses by correcting people's understandings. Ellis published the first REBT book,
1617:
The "Hopkins
Symptom Checklist" (HSCL) is a self-report symptom inventory that was developed in the mid-1960s from earlier checklists. It measures somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety and depression.
884:
was a book released by British psychiatrist Thomas Arthur Ross in 1923, to instruct medical doctors in general. (A second edition was published in 1937, which was subsequently reprinted many times). He also followed the practice of
1428:
to be a non-drowsy tranquiliser. Launched as "Miltown" in 1955, it rapidly became the first blockbuster psychotropic drug in American history, becoming popular in Hollywood and gaining fame for its effects. It is highly addictive.
1171:(1939-1945). It was assumed to be a temporary response of healthy individuals to witnessing or experiencing traumatic events. Symptoms included depression, anxiety, withdrawal, confusion, paranoia, and sympathetic hyperactivity.
928:(1924) focused more on people's choices, rather than Freud's focus on drives. He believed in the idea of psychotherapy as opposed to psychoanalysis — that understanding someone's neuroses wasn't sufficient for effective therapy.
824:
The meaning of neurotic symptoms was first discovered by J. Breuer in the study and felicitous cure of a case of hysteria which has since become famous (1880–82). It is true that P. Janet independently reached the same result...
322:
the application of electricity. Eventually, the cure advocated by the Mitchell family had less strict isolation and diet, and was followed by men as well as women. "Fat and Blood" was revised and reprinted for many decades.
1534:. Barton believed that many of the mental health symptoms had by people living in mental hospitals and similar institutions were caused by being in those environments, rather than other causes. Barton was a leader in the
4011:
Ibáñez-Tarín C, Manzanera-Escartí R (September 2012). "Técnicas cognitivo-conductuales de fácil aplicación en atención primaria (I)" [Easily implemented cognitive behaviour techniques in Primary Care (part 1)].
6056:
American Psychiatric Association. Task Force on Nomenclature and Statistics, American Psychiatric Association. Committee on Nomenclature and Statistics. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (1980).
1116:
proposed that there were many people with conditions that fitted between the definitions of psychoneurosis and psychosis, and called them the "border line group of neuroses". This group would later become known as
2334:
6936:
611:. Hysterias induced such symptoms as anaesthesia, visual field narrowing, paralyses, and unconscious acts. Psychasthenias involved the ability to adjust to one's surroundings, similar to the later concepts of
2069:
The American "National Membership Committee on Psychoanalysis in Clinical Social Work" was established in May 1980. (It became the "American Association for Psychoanalysis in Clinical Social Work" in 2007).
2716:
up to that image. They will cultivate pride, and with that will come the vulnerabilities associated with pride that lacks any foundation. Finally, they will despise themselves for all their limitations.
2326:, which controls sympathetic response, can be administered to patients to help them unwind and enable better sleep. It is unclear how it functions in this situation. Following a traumatic experience,
836:
Freud added to this with his paper "Aus der Geschichte einer infantilen Neurose" (From the History of an Infantile Neurosis) published in 1918, which is a detailed case study of his treatment of the "
1689:
and various other psychological mechanisms. Generally, these mechanisms produce symptoms experienced as subjective distress from which the patient desires relief. The neuroses, as contrasted to the
877:
are of great importance. If the patient is unfit for further military service, it is considered that every endeavor should be made to obtain for him suitable employment on his return to active life.
6595:
4306:
5862:
Andersen J, Kristensen AS, Bang-Andersen B, Strømgaard K (2009). "Recent advances in the understanding of the interaction of antidepressant drugs with serotonin and norepinephrine transporters".
471:(Psychological automatism) in 1889, its third chapter detailing his understanding of hypnosis and the unconscious. At this time, he claimed that the main aspect of psychological trauma is
4328:
1288:
proposed the existence of the condition of "abandonment neurosis". It also detailed all the forms of treatment Geux had found effective in treating it. (It was published in English as
6701:
6476:
1211:
935:(Inhibition, Symptom and Anxiety) in 1926, in reaction to Rank's book. It detailed his further developed understanding of neurosis and anxiety. (The book was published in English as
774:" (CSR). Other terms for the condition include "combat fatigue", "battle fatigue", "battle neurosis", "shell shock" and "operational stress reaction". The general psychological term
832:
Our therapy does its work by means of changing the unconscious into the conscious, and is effective only in so far as it has the opportunity of bringing about this transformation...
1962:. It did this because of a decision by its editors to provide descriptions of behavior rather than descriptions of hidden psychological mechanisms. This change was controversial.
247:(1798) was greatly inspired by Cullen. It divided medical conditions into five categories, with one being "neurosis". This was divided into four basic types of mental disorder:
453:
Charcot documented around two dozen cases where psychological trauma appears to have caused hysteria. In some cases, the results are described like the modern concept of PTSD.
3877:"The psychic treatment of nervous disorders : (The psychoneuroses and their moral treatment) / by Paul Dubois ... ; translated and edited by Smith Ely Jelliffe ..."
2375:
721:
Freud published the detailed case study "Bemerkungen über einen Fall von Zwangsneurose" (Notes Upon a Case of Obsessional Neurosis) in 1909, documenting his treatment of "
622:
Janet founded the French "Société de psychologie" in 1901. This later became the "Société française de psychologie", and continues today as France's main psychology body.
460:
was a student of Charcot in 1885–6. In 1893 Freud credited Charcot with being the source of "all the modern advances made in the understanding and knowledge of hysteria."
6051:
6049:
2698:
The child's initial reality is then distorted by their parents' needs and pretenses. Growing up with neurotic caretakers, the child quickly becomes insecure and develops
1402:(TCAs) were developed for the treatment of neurosis and other conditions from the early 1950s. Because of their undesirable adverse-effect profile and high potential for
648:
was brought to market in 1912 under the name "Luminal". Barbiturates became popular drugs in many countries to reduce neurotic anxiety and displaced the use of bromides.
2756:
all fall under her basic scheme of neurosis as variations in the degree of severity and in the individual dynamics. The opposite of neurosis is a condition Horney calls
666:
According to Janet, one cause of neurosis is when the mental force of a traumatic event is stronger than what someone can counter using their normal coping mechanisms.
155:
of being prone to anxiousness and mental collapse. The term "neuroticism" is also no longer used for DSM or ICD conditions; however, it is a common name for one of the
6046:
1124:
By 1937, the concept of "occupational neuroses" was known by many American health practitioners. It referred to neuroses caused by any aspect of someone's employment.
1490:
2303:
compiled lists of factors that promote or impede "emotional processing" in 1980, the former reducing the development of neurosis, the latter making it more likely.
2100:
was released, separating out the "trauma and stress-related disorders" (Freud's etiology for neuroses) from the "anxiety disorders". The former category includes:
669:
6417:
1148:, continued to discuss the concept of neurosis after Freud's death in 1939. The term continues to be used in the Freudian sense in psychology and philosophy.
5354:
Mora G, Lopez Pinero GM (July 1966). "Origenes historicos del concepto de neurosis; Valencia, Catedra e Instituto de Historia de la Medicina, 1963, p. 206".
1326:
128:
1826:
Chinese-American psychiatrist William WK Zung released his "Anxiety Status Inventory" (ASI) and patient "Self-rating Anxiety Scale" (SAS) in November 1971.
807:
Freud's most explanatory work on neurosis was his lectures later grouped together as "General Theory of the Neuroses" (1916–17), forming part 3 of the book
449:, and which according to them would be better described as Railway-brain, are in fact, whether occurring in man or woman, simply manifestations of hysteria.
804:
in 1917, dealing primarily with what was considered was the best treatment for hysteria. His recommendations were broadly adopted in the US armed forces.
1479:
1789:
and others, and first published in 1970. It provides separate "state" and "trait" measures of a person's anxiety. A revised form was released in 1983.
1681:
Anxiety is the chief characteristic of the neuroses. It may be felt and expressed directly, or it may be controlled unconsciously and automatically by
1656:
1652:
1644:
was also released in 1966. As with Eysenck and Rachman's book, it aimed to connect neuroses with behaviourism. It was edited by American psychologist
1160:
notes, "There is, though, much that statistics do not show, because in terms of psychiatric effects, pensioners were just the tip of a huge iceberg."
1001:
in 1933, the first widely accepted such nomenclature in the United States. By the second edition of 1935, its category of "psychoneuroses" included:
2345:
People who experience a work situation with little opportunity to influence, in combination with too high demands, develop more depressive symptoms.
6368:"Pharmacological prevention and early treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
1548:
are a class of highly addictive sedative drugs that reduce anxiety by depressing function in certain parts of the brain. The first of these drugs,
5555:
Derogatis LR, Lipman RS, Rickels K, Uhlenhuth EH, Covi L (January 1974). "The Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL): a self-report symptom inventory".
2723:
Eventually, as they grow to adulthood, a particular "solution" to all the inner conflicts and vulnerabilities will solidify. They will be either:
2374:
The term "neurosis" is no longer used in a professional diagnostic sense, it having been eliminated from the DSM in 1980 with the publication of
976:. It explained the benefits of relaxation for addressing neuroses and other mental conditions. He followed this with the more publicly-oriented
759:
299:
in 1857. Over the coming decades, this and other bromides were used in great quantities to calm people with neuroses. This led to many cases of
4396:
Progressive relaxation; a physiological and clinical investigation of muscular states and their significance in psychology and medical practice
2276:, with clinically meaningful outcomes at six-month follow-up consultations. Supportive counseling was outperformed by a regimen of relaxation,
1581:
to help the neurotic. It was founded in Washington, D.C. by American psychologist Grover Boydston, and has since spread through the Americas.
2399:
1309:
2280:, imaginal exposure, and in-vivo exposure. Programs based on mindfulness-based stress reduction also seem to be useful at managing stress.
5532:
The Causes and Cures of Neurosis: An Introduction to Modern Behaviour Therapy Based on Learning Theory and the Principles of Conditioning
1604:
The causes and cures of neurosis; an introduction to modern behaviour therapy based on learning theory and the principles of conditioning
843:
729:
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5367:
5217:
Hilton C (3 July 2018). "Dr Russell Barton, Belsen concentration camp and 1960s psychiatric hospitals in England: the controversy".
736:
to be its first president. This organisation chose to only provide both psychoanalytic training and recognition to medical doctors.
353:
was treated for a variety of symptoms that began when her father suddenly fell seriously ill in mid-1880 during a family holiday in
1739:
118:
1523:
Albert Ellis and others founded "The Institute for Rational Living" in April 1959, which later became the Albert Ellis Institute.
1228:
The post-World War II boom in the number of patient-treating psychologists in the United States led to a major restructure of the
5416:
A history and status report of Neurotics Anonymous, an organization offering self-help for the mentally and emotionally disturbed
2436:
2178:
2109:
1858:(1973) argued that the repression of the fear of death had a number of advantages, and that this was a major source of neurosis.
3163:, as well as from her medical records found by Albrecht Hirschmüller in the papers of Bellevue Sanatorium and published in his
1711:
1299:
presented a paper in which he described the relationship between neurosis and his understanding of effective therapy. He wrote:
1178:
4611:
Jacobson K (2006). "The interpersonal expression of human spatiality: a phenomenological interpretation of anorexia nervosa".
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2466:, though the two concepts are not synonymous. Defense mechanisms are a normal way of developing and maintaining a consistent
1851:
1207:(1945) set the post-war Freudian orthodoxy on the subject. It has been heavily cited by academic papers in the years since.
4075:
747:, with the support of Freud. It followed the IPA's practice of only supporting psychoanalysis provided by medical doctors.
4214:. University of California Libraries. New York City, War Work Committee of the National Committee for Mental Hygiene, Inc.
3004:
2081:
740:
6284:
1667:
After Freudian thinking became less prominent in psychology, the term "neurosis" came to be used as a near synonym for "
2717:
1596:
1592:. The book argues that developing and resolving psychoneurosis is a necessary part of healthy personality development.
1493:
was founded in 1956, for psychiatrists to discuss psychoanalysis in ways that deviated from the orthodoxy of the time.
1463:
Expectancy – ensure that everyone had the expectation of their return to the front after a rest and replenishment.
1229:
2330:(cortisol) has demonstrated some promise as an early prophylactic intervention, frequently slowing the onset of PTSD.
1693:, manifest neither gross distortion or misinterpretation of external reality, nor gross personality disorganization...
6980:
6849:
6827:
6731:
6710:
6685:
6666:
6658:
6513:
6485:
6245:"Mindfulness-based stress reduction as a stress management intervention for healthy individuals: a systematic review"
5152:
4595:
3907:
Sletvold J (3 July 2016). "Freud's Three Theories of Neurosis: Towards a Contemporary Theory of Trauma and Defense".
2643:
found his approach particularly effective for patients who are well adjusted by social standards but are troubled by
2589:
2393:
2019:
1513:
1380:
The DSM-I also included a category of "transient situational personality disorders". This included the diagnosis of "
1366:
1046:
889:, and believed "Freudian analysis" was only necessary for the most difficult cases. Ross would later write the books
364:(Subsequent research has suggested Pappenheim may have had one of a number of neurological illnesses. This includes
4908:
4635:
1321:
379:
123:
6866:
2414:
2309:
stated that a resilient person is more likely to appraise a situation as "meaningful, predictable, and ordered."
1118:
694:
314:
224:. Physical features, however, were almost inevitably present, and physical diagnostic tests, such as exaggerated
5303:
5133:
6975:
4755:
3016:
Kesteven WB (July 1869). "Remarks on the use of the Bromides in the treatment of Epilepsy and other Neuroses".
2544:
2273:
2114:
2025:
1966:
1956:
The DSM replaced its "neurosis" category with an "anxiety disorders" category in 1980, with the release of the
1381:
1351:
1217:
developed the psychoanalytic understanding of neurosis through a series of books and by establishing a journal.
939:
in 1936.) This book expressed his new view that anxiety created repression, rather than the other way around.
813:
17:
5656:
2745:
2666:. Jung also found collective neuroses in politics: "Our world is, so to speak, dissociated like a neurotic."
2283:
2208:
1831:
Psychoneurosis Is Not An Illness: Neuroses And Psychoneuroses From The Perspective Of Positive Disintegration
1782:
1723:
1468:
797:
711:
6207:
4529:
Stern A (October 1938). "Psychoanalytic Investigation of and Therapy in the Border Line Group of Neuroses".
2360:
Women and men with similar working conditions develop symptoms of depression as much as exhaustion disorder.
1417:
was one of the first psychiatrists to spark interest in treating psychiatric problems as behavioral issues.
475:(a disconnection of the conscious mind from reality). (Freud would later claim Janet as a major influence.)
2888:"Ueber das Morphium, eine neue salzfähige Grundlage, und die Mekonsäure, als Hauptbestandtheile des Opiums"
2624:
2269:
2258:
2104:
2014:
1137:
994:
947:
690:
2066:(a neurosis that caused otherwise unexplainable fatigue) was loosely mapped to a mild form of depression.
2927:"Über das Morphium, eine neue salzfähige Grundlage, und die Mekonsäure, als Hauptbestandteile des Opiums"
2238:
1395:
1245:
1102:
285:
156:
106:
3387:
1757:
What was previously "gross stress reaction" and "adult situational reaction" was combined into the new "
2732:
2476:). However, only those thoughts and behaviors that produce difficulties in one's life should be called
1862:
3887:
3662:
6536:
4937:
2676:
2492:
2225:
2051:
1728:
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1371:
1273:
837:
472:
376:. Whatever the nature of her condition, she went on to run an orphanage, and then found and lead the
113:
6885:
4324:
3876:
220:
Cullen used the term to describe various nervous disorders and symptoms that could not be explained
4713:
2779:
2404:
2203:
1819:
and higher-reasoning areas and do not access the source of Pain within the more basic parts of the
1807:
1623:
1399:
1157:
782:
281:
233:
109:. In recent history, the term has been used to refer to anxiety-related conditions more generally.
3105:
2257:
used in PTSD treatment. The therapy is divided into four phases and is based on the principles of
1969:" for the first time. This was similar in definition to the "gross stress reaction" of the DSM-I.
516:
4145:
2277:
2246:
2084:
was founded in January 1992, and became the largest organisation devoted to the psychotherapy of
1193:
307:
4137:
2836:
Knoff WF (July 1970). "A history of the concept of neurosis, with a memoir of William Cullen".
2389:
According to the "anxiety" concept of the term, there were many different neuroses, including:
1914:
became popular, soon becoming the most popular form of CBT and often being known by that name.
1820:
1539:
1535:
1530:" was coined by British psychiatrist Russell Barton, and explained in his well-cited 1959 book
1527:
1433:
1164:
983:
851:
786:
771:
568:
400:
369:
365:
5897:
4667:
4211:
The care and treatment of mental diseases and war neuroses ("shell shock") in the British army
1585:
1552:(Librium), was made available for sale in 1960. (It was discovered by Polish-American chemist
802:
The care and treatment of mental diseases and war neuroses ("shell shock") in the British army
603:(Neuroses and Fixations) in 1898. According to Janet, neuroses could be usefully divided into
274:
5608:
5591:
5175:
4613:
3418:
The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques
2784:
2487:, which are manifested in various physical or mental illnesses; the definitive symptom being
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2119:
1460:
Immediacy – treat them without delay and not wait until the wounded were all dealt with.
1450:
1172:
1133:
962:
793:
775:
98:
6366:
Astill Wright L, Sijbrandij M, Sinnerton R, Lewis C, Roberts NP, Bisson JI (December 2019).
3513:
3461:
3143:
The details of her illness are taken from the case history published by Freud and Breuer in
3082:
6018:
Wilson M (March 1993). "DSM-III and the transformation of American psychiatry: a history".
4863:
4738:
2938:
2899:
2753:
2496:
2338:
2319:
The use of pharmaceuticals to mitigate the consequences of ASD has made some progress. The
2047:
874:
564:
160:
3106:"Fat and blood: and how to make them - Digital Collections - National Library of Medicine"
2491:. Neurotic tendencies are common and may manifest themselves as acute or chronic anxiety,
2337:(SBU) found that a number of work environment factors could affect the risk of developing
1457:
Proximity – treat the casualties close to the front and within sound of the fighting.
770:(1914–18) lead to many cases of strong short-term psychological symptoms, known today as "
8:
6904:
6722:
6653:
6131:
Meichenbaum D (2009). "Stress inoculation training.". In O'Donohue WT, Fisher JE (eds.).
5928:
5419:
4760:. The History of Psychoanalysis Series. Translated by Douglass PD. London: Karnac Books.
3772:
3180:
Hirschmüller A (1978). "Physiologie und Psychoanalvse im Leben und Werk Josef Breuers.".
3165:
Hirschmüller A (1978). "Physiologie und Psychoanalvse im Leben und Werk Josef Breuers.".
2774:
2662:
2537:
2530:
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1505:
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1013:
920:
886:
681:
673:
616:
612:
552:
426:
418:
78:
4867:
4854:
Andreasen NC (October 2010). "Posttraumatic stress disorder: a history and a critique".
4209:
3306:
Kaplan R (March 2004). "O Anna: being Bertha Pappenheim--historiography and biography".
2942:
2903:
6767:
6742:
6394:
6367:
6311:
6184:
6159:
5234:
5146:
5109:
5084:
5004:
Ludwig BJ, Piech E (1951). "Some anticonvulsant agents derived from 1, 3-propanediol".
4887:
4847:
4790:
4302:
4270:
4245:
4229:
4185:
4160:
3924:
3839:
3815:
3798:
3728:
3596:
3443:
3414:"Jean-Martin Charcot's contributions to the interface between neurology and psychiatry"
3370:
3331:
3235:
3083:"The Project Gutenberg eBook of Fat And Blood:, by S. Weir Mitchell, M.D., LL.D. Harv."
3064:
2986:
2805:
2644:
2242:
2199:
906:
6631:
The loss of sadness: how psychiatry transformed normal sorrow into depressive disorder
6447:
5832:
5815:
4394:
2378:, and having the last remnants of being removed from the ICD with the enacting of the
1895:
advanced cognitive behavioral therapy, and developed a cognitive theory of depression.
1888:
6845:
6823:
6801:
6798:
Psychoanalytic Diagnosis: Understanding Personality Structure in the Clinical Process
6772:
6727:
6706:
6681:
6662:
6634:
6541:
6509:
6481:
6399:
6342:
6315:
6266:
6189:
6138:
6134:
General principles and empirically supported techniques of cognitive behavior therapy
6108:
6035:
5998:
5975:
5971:
5935:
5903:
5875:
5837:
5800:
5767:
5729:
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5535:
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3319:
3286:
3258:
3227:
3152:
3068:
3060:
2853:
2811:
2463:
2297:
shortly after a traumatic experience prevents the development of PTSD in some cases.
2195:
2163:
2135:
2055:
1911:
1812:
1482:
was founded in 1955. It is the predominant organisation devoted to the psychology of
1312:
was established in 1952, becoming the predominant society of its cause in the world.
1051:
849:
In response to stress injuries from World War I, the British government produced the
641:
525:
350:
292:
229:
69:
6058:
5490:
4891:
3732:
3630:
3489:
3335:
3239:
1806:
as a treatment for neurosis. It is based on the idea that neurosis is caused by the
1175:'s battle neurosis principles were adopted by the U.S. forces during this conflict.
655:(The Obsessions and the Psychasthenias) in 1903. Janet followed this with the books
514:
This paper was reprinted and supplemented with case studies in the pair's 1895 book
414:
213:(-ωσις, 'diseased' or 'abnormal condition'). It was first used in print in Cullen's
6793:
6762:
6754:
6540:(Reissued with a new foreword ed.). New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc.
6389:
6379:
6307:
6256:
6179:
6171:
6027:
5967:
5867:
5827:
5796:
5603:
5564:
5427:
5386:
5363:
5226:
5193:
5104:
5096:
5085:"War & military mental health: the US psychiatric response in the 20th century"
5065:
5013:
4871:
4618:
4565:
4542:
4538:
4265:
4257:
4180:
4172:
4109:
4083:
4021:
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3916:
3883:
3810:
3712:
3569:
3447:
3425:
3315:
3219:
3056:
3025:
2946:
2907:
2845:
2656:
2579:
2564:
2517:
2484:
2432:
2409:
2306:
2254:
1976:
1929:
1549:
1410:
1346:
1008:
676:
developed "rational psychotherapy", an early form of cognitive behavioural therapy.
408:
288:
in 1824, in a discussion of unconscious ideas competing to get into consciousness.
6078:"AAPCSW History | American Association for Psychoanalysis in Clinical Social Work"
5230:
4966:(6th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 568–600.
4488:
4446:
3920:
2502:
Freud's typology of neuroses in "Introduction to Psychoanalysis" (1923) included:
582:'s popular psychiatry textbook in 1896 gave "neuroses" a well-accepted definition:
199:
to refer to "disorders of sense and motion" caused by a "general affection of the
6426:
Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services
6102:
5713:
5328:
5179:
5032:
4978:
4367:
4025:
3998:
Jacobson, E. (1938). Progressive relaxation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
3946:
Jacobson, E. (1929). Progressive relaxation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
3563:
3350:
3146:
2968:
2569:
2335:
Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services
2320:
2300:
2287:
2213:
2173:
2059:
1944:
1816:
1778:
was a popular textbook released by American psychologist Elton B McNeil in 1970.
1769:
1745:
1634:
1607:
1153:
1071:
969:
715:
524:
Of the book's five case studies, the most famous became that of Breuer's patient
404:
392:
337:
discovered the psychoanalytic technique of treating neurosis, and mentored Freud.
225:
33:
6945:
6696:
6471:
6132:
3972:
3960:
3841:
The Major Symptoms of Hysteria: Fifteen Lectures Given in the Medical School ...
3687:
1453:'s battle neurosis treatment practices became summarised as the PIE principles:
492:
established psychoanalysis as the dominant treatment for many mental conditions.
6880:
6600:
6334:
6077:
5449:
5423:
4320:
4312:
3611:
3573:
3223:
2685:
2453:
2327:
2312:
2229:
2009:
2003:
1803:
1794:
1545:
579:
529:
346:
296:
240:
200:
196:
180:
6953:
6949:
6384:
5034:
The Age of Anxiety: A History of America's Turbulent Affair with Tranquilizers
4656:. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association. pp. 3–40, 87–134.
4113:
3430:
3413:
3210:
Orr-Andrawes A (1987). "The case of Anna O.: a neuropsychiatric perspective".
3029:
112:
The term "neurosis" is no longer used in condition names or categories by the
6969:
6590:
6578:
6566:
6287:(Press release). NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre. 3 April 2017.
6261:
6244:
5390:
5100:
4420:
4316:
4261:
4176:
3581:
2950:
2911:
2769:
2741:
and compulsively compliant, displaying symptoms of neediness or codependence.
2738:
2699:
2549:
2467:
2241:
was developed to reduce anxiety in doctors during times of intense stress by
2217:
2140:
2085:
1996:
1991:
1937:
1918:
1847:
1606:
was published in 1965 by Hans Eysenck and South African-British psychologist
1553:
1281:
1240:
1200:
1145:
1081:
645:
608:
506:
the first one. The situation is more obscure in the case of other phenomena.
489:
482:, which covered a wide range of physical and mental developmental conditions.
457:
446:
5452:(1969). "Chapter 9. Mental patients: are they their brothers' therapists?".
5435:
3703:
Pitman RK (1984-12-01). "Janet's Obsessions and Psychasthenia: a synopsis".
3635:. Lamar Soutter Library Univ. of Mass Medical School. Leipzig: J. A. Barth.
407:
spectrums (a combination of symptoms that would soon become better known as
245:
Nosographie philosophique ou La méthode de l'analyse appliquée à la médecine
6896:
6776:
6758:
6608:
6403:
6346:
6298:
Rutter M (July 1987). "Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms".
6270:
6193:
5879:
5617:
5506:
5368:
10.1002/1520-6696(196607)2:3<276::AID-JHBS2300020313>3.0.CO;2-Z
5118:
4915:. American Psychiatric Association Mental Hospital Service. p. 326.3.
4883:
4622:
4194:
4033:
3824:
3372:
Lectures on the Diseases of the Nervous System: Delivered at La Salpêtrière
3327:
2681:
2559:
2063:
1899:
1799:
1733:
1497:
1421:
1414:
1261:
1214:
1168:
1141:
1113:
1066:
954:
863:
electricity and massage. Rest of mind and body is essential in all cases.
744:
637:
548:
536:
464:
373:
342:
334:
152:
6319:
6039:
6031:
5979:
5841:
5576:
5568:
4808:
3724:
3439:
3231:
2857:
2702:. To deal with this anxiety, the child's imagination creates an idealized
2145:
697:'s rest cure, though with a broad fattening diet and other modifications.
6837:
6820:
Human experience: philosophy, neurosis, and the elements of everyday life
6815:
6596:
The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud
6418:"Arbetsmiljöns betydelse för symtom på depression och utmattningssyndrom"
5861:
5733:
5475:
5059:
4588:
Human Experience: Philosophy, Neurosis, and the Elements of Everyday Life
4583:
3799:"The history of barbiturates a century after their clinical introduction"
2849:
2595:
2574:
2233:
2150:
1982:
1882:
1873:, and patented in 1966. It was introduced for medical use in 1974. TeCAs
1866:
1839:
is a well-cited series of two books released in 1972, and were edited by
1611:
1500:
publicly read his first paper on his methodology "rational psychotherapy"
1425:
1296:
1265:
1250:
1233:
1185:
829:
disturbed processes, imprisoned in the unconscious, the symptom arose...
767:
625:
248:
147:
44:
5631:
5166:
Ellis A (May 1957). "Rational Psychotherapy and Individual Psychology".
5017:
4794:
2349:
there is a corresponding connection for symptoms of exhaustion disorder.
1768:
was a popular mass-market book released in 1968 by British psychologist
1504:(He took inspiration from, and used the same name as the methodology of
1413:
for neuroses began in the 1950s in South Africa. South African-American
950:) in 1926, in which he endorsed non-doctors performing psychoanalysis.
6063:. Internet Archive. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association.
4556:
Harms E (June 1937). "The Social Background of Occupational Neuroses".
4052:
Encyclopedia & dictionary of medicine, nursing, & allied health
3716:
3613:
2728:
2703:
2600:
1903:
1892:
1870:
1446:
1106:
1094:
750:
Jung gave a speech explaining his understanding of Freud's work called
429:
came to believe that psychological trauma was a cause of some cases of
221:
74:
6928:
5069:
4781:
Rogers CR (1952). "Communication: Its Blocking and Its Facilitation".
4654:
Acute Stress Disorder: A Handbook Of Theory, Assessment, And Treatment
1330:(DSM-I) in 1952 included a category named "Psychoneurotic Disorders".
1105:(GAS) theory of stress was developed by Austro-Hungarian physiologist
1090:
6648:
6365:
6230:
Bergin and Garfield's Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavioral Change
6175:
5871:
3961:"From Therapeutic Relaxation to Mindfulness in the Twentieth Century"
2640:
2633:
1878:
1874:
1690:
1599:'s Division 25, a group of psychologists interested in behaviourism.
1509:
1483:
1438:
916:
733:
644:
and was first marketed as "Veronal" in 1904. The similar barbiturate
485:
330:
318:
145:, which refers to a loss of touch with reality. Its descendant term,
141:
40:
3044:
2926:
2887:
2386:
it was used in section F48.8 to describe certain minor conditions.)
1210:
714:(PMR) was first developed by American psychiatrist and physiologist
528:(given the pseudonym "Anna O."). This book established the field of
399:. He describes a condition that covers what is today considered the
5764:
Prisoners of Pain: Unlocking the Power of the Mind to End Suffering
5330:
Before Prozac: The Troubled History of Mood Disorders in Psychiatry
4838:
4343:
The letters of Sigmund Freud & Otto Rank: inside psychoanalysis
2970:
Lectures on some points in the treatment and management of neuroses
2606:
2584:
2512:
2323:
2062:(all previously considered neuroses) were also treated separately.
1557:
1403:
705:
633:
629:
604:
592:
588:
560:
556:
544:
430:
266:
256:
6249:
Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine
4106:
Collected Works of C.G. Jung, Volume 4: Freud & Psychoanalysis
3663:"Pierre Janet, 1859-1947 philosophe devenu médecin et psychologue"
1923:
Freud's early psychology of the neuroses: a historical perspective
6788:. Translated by Berrios D. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3565:
The Neuroses of Development: Being the Morrison Lectures for 1890
2488:
2158:
2073:
American psychiatrist George F. Drinka released the history book
1957:
1668:
722:
300:
176:
102:
4907:
852:
Report of the War Office Committee of Inquiry into "Shell-Shock"
421:
believed some hysteria was caused by trauma, and mentored Freud.
159:. A similar concept is included in the ICD-11 as the condition "
136:
of 2007, the term is "no longer used in psychiatric diagnosis".
32:
This article is about the term in psychology. For the band, see
6940:
6720:
Jung CG, Von Franz ML, Henderson JL, Jacobi J, Jaffé A (1964).
6622:
Neurosis and human growth: The struggle toward self-realization
6537:
Neurosis and Human Growth: The Struggle Toward Self-Realization
6160:"A Clinician's Guide to PTSD Treatments for Returning Veterans"
5747:
Spielberger C, Gorssuch R, Lushene P, Vagg P, Jacobs G (1983).
5554:
4130:
2523:
2425:
2383:
2379:
2294:
1718:
1673:
1361:
1056:
572:
325:
205:
5746:
5688:
1622:
population. Further study lead to the better understanding of
5689:"Psychologist McNeil Dies At 50 | Ann Arbor District Library"
4010:
2168:
2097:
1610:. It aimed to replace the Freudian approach to neurosis with
1333:
Regarding the definition of this category, the Manual stated:
875:
re-education and suitable occupation of an interesting nature
870:
They do not recommend psycho-analysis in the Freudian sense.
354:
270:
260:
252:
6719:
6422:
Statens beredning för medicinsk och social utvärdering (SBU)
5787:
Blazer DG (August 1992). "William W.K. Zung, MDiv, MS, MD".
3612:
Oulmont P, Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (1894).
1538:
movement. (This form of neurosis later came to be known as "
1424:(Czech-American) and chemist Bernard John Ludwig engineered
6680:(2nd ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
5592:"Family approach with grandchildren of Holocaust survivors"
3490:"On the Psychical Mechanism of Hysterical Phenomena (1893)"
1097:
devised the general adaptation syndrome to describe stress.
4399:. Internet Archive. Chicago University of Chicago Press.
3796:
1965:
This edition of the book also included a condition named "
5590:
Fossion P, Rejas MC, Servais L, Pelc I, Hirsch S (2003).
4976:
3746:
2875:(1st ed.). Bristol: J. Wright and Sons. p. 208.
2629:
1475:
in 1953. It measures anxiousness as a personality trait.
439:
Clinical Lectures on the Diseases of the Nervous System):
3541:. Freud Library. Vol. 11. UK: Penguin. p. 52.
2807:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
2752:
In Horney's view, mild anxiety disorders and full-blown
1902:' work was expanded on by fellow American, psychiatrist
1823:. (A second edition of the book was published in 1999).
1392:". These referred to short-term reactions to stressors.
882:
The common neuroses and their treatment by psychotherapy
6285:"Tetris used to prevent post-traumatic stress symptoms"
6104:
The Birth of Neurosis: Myth, Malady, and the Victorians
5589:
4743:. Internet Archive. routledge & kegan paul limited.
4476:. New York: W. W. Norton and Company. pp. 177–201.
2369:
1277:(1950) further expanded the understanding of neuroses.
1163:
Approximately 20% of U.S. troops displayed symptoms of
4970:
4640:
A War of Nerves: Soldiers and Psychiatrists, 1914–1994
3797:
López-Muñoz F, Ucha-Udabe R, Alamo C (December 2005).
2129:
Other specified trauma- and stressor-related disorder
1906:. In 1975, Beck released the greatly influential book
1563:
Spanish history writer Jose M. Lopez Pinero published
1560:(Valium) in 1963. These drugs soon displaced Miltown.
1223:
Our Inner Conflicts: A Constructive Theory of Neurosis
704:
He held the First Congress for Freudian Psychology in
543:(Therapy of neuroses), he lists the neuroses as being
6633:. Oxford New York Auckland: Oxford University Press.
6060:
Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
4980:
Exposure Therapy for Anxiety: Principles and Practice
4692:
3692:. University of Ottawa. Paris: Librairie Félix Alcan.
3283:
Why Freud Was Wrong: Sin, Science, And Psychoanalysis
2483:
A neurotic person experiences emotional distress and
1556:
in 1955.) Librium was followed with the more popular
1512:). This and later works defined what is now known as
1327:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
708:
in April 1908. Subsequent Congresses continue today.
129:
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
6918:
6126:
6124:
5902:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 836–.
4862:(Psychiatric and Neurologic Aspects of War): 67–71.
2885:
2873:
Demonstrations of physical signs in clinical surgery
1795:
Primal Scream. Primal Therapy: The Cure for Neurosis
3856:"Pierre Janet: French Neurologist and Psychologist"
3632:
Psychiatrie: ein Lehrbuch für Studirende und Aerzte
2447:
2075:
Birth of Neurosis: Myth, Malady, and the Victorians
1653:
Association for Advancement of Behavioral Therapies
1508:. He claimed additional inspiration from Freud and
763:was established in 1913, and continued until 1941.
6822:. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
6072:
6070:
5927:
3488:
3212:Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
2984:Offit P (March–April 2017). "God's Own Medicine".
2031:Post-traumatic stress disorder, chronic or delayed
1657:Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies
1480:International Association of Analytical Psychology
6121:
5442:
5356:Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences
5270:
4451:. Internet Archive. New York : McGraw-Hill.
3203:
2720:will operate to strengthen all of these effects.
2185:Unspecified trauma- and stressor-related disorder
6967:
6740:
6628:
6137:. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 627–630.
5992:
5958:Rachman S (1980-01-01). "Emotional processing".
5857:
5855:
5853:
5851:
5353:
4054:(7th Revised ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders.
3844:University of California. The Macmillan company.
3656:
3654:
3652:
1595:The year 1964 also saw the establishment of the
972:publishing of the professional instruction book
778:was first used for this condition at this time.
171:
27:Class of mental disorders caused by past anxiety
6529:
6527:
6525:
6341:. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.
6157:
6067:
5895:
4977:Abramowitz JS, Deacon BJ, Whiteside PH (2010).
4832:
4830:
4828:
4340:
3364:
3362:
2333:In a systematic literature review in 2014, the
1697:Included in this category were the conditions:
809:Vorlesungen zur Einführung in die Psychoanalyse
754:in New York in 1912. It was published in 1916.
6164:Professional Psychology, Research and Practice
5529:
4813:North American Society for Adlerian Psychology
4508:(2nd Canadian ed.). McGraw-Hill Ryerson.
4161:"Thomas W. Salmon: advocate of mental hygiene"
4142:Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear, and rage
3246:
2636:developed psychoanalytic theories of neurosis.
2245:. It is a combination of techniques including
1837:Anxiety: Current Trends in Theory and Research
959:Problems of Neurosis: A Book of Case-Histories
858:Its recommended course of treatment included:
97:) is a term mainly used today by followers of
6786:Historical Origins of the Concept of Neurosis
6499:
6497:
6465:
6463:
5848:
5583:
5383:Historical Origins of the Concept of Neurosis
4961:
4604:
4345:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins university press.
4223:
4221:
3900:
3649:
3407:
3405:
2962:
2960:
2684:lays out a complete theory of the origin and
1908:Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders
1655:was founded in 1966. (In 2005, it became the
1569:Historical Origins of the Concept of Neurosis
1437:was a book released by American psychiatrist
1310:North American Society of Adlerian Psychology
785:was first described by American physiologist
689:"rational psychotherapy". This was a form of
636:, was synthesized in 1902 by German chemists
6783:
6522:
6011:
5986:
5891:
5889:
5749:Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
5454:Odd man in; societies of deviants in America
5407:
5380:
4825:
4754:Guex G (2015). Kahr B, Rudnytski PL (eds.).
4668:"PTSD from Armistice Day to DSM-5 - VA News"
4651:
4503:
3539:Metapsychology: The Theory Of Psychoanalysis
3495:The International Journal of Psycho-Analysis
3375:. unknown library. The New Sydenham Society.
3359:
3299:
3209:
3179:
3164:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2212:Transactional Model of Stress and Coping of
1829:Dąbrowski expanded on his earlier book with
1565:Origenes historicos del concepto de neurosis
1388:" and a variety of time-of-life delineated "
1295:In October 1951, the now highly influential
1249:(1946) launched the psychotherapy school of
999:Standard Classified Nomenclature of Diseases
990:popularised the concept of fight-or-flight.
900:In April 1923 Freud published his monograph
760:Internationale Zeitschrift für Psychoanalyse
377:
326:Breuer, Freud and contemporaries (1880-1939)
101:to describe mental disorders caused by past
6661:. Vol. 6. Princeton University Press.
6439:
6130:
5816:"A Rating Instrument For Anxiety Disorders"
5755:
5281:. Oxford University Press. pp. 41–42.
5003:
4935:
4645:
4576:
4490:Standard classified nomenclature of disease
4049:
3568:. Morison lectures ;1890. Oliver and Boyd.
3486:
3144:
2132:Adjustment-like disorders with a late onset
1631:Psychological stress and the coping process
844:The International Journal of Psychoanalysis
796:(the chief consultant in psychiatry in the
686:Les psychonévroses et leur traitement moral
599:Pierre Janet published the two volume work
437:, (1885-1887) (and published in English as
203:". The term is derived from the Greek word
6792:
6705:(rev. ed.). New York: Vintage Books.
6589:
6494:
6480:(rev. ed.). New York: Vintage Books.
6460:
6242:
6151:
5925:
5495:. Internet Archive. Boston, Little, Brown.
4856:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
4291:(2nd ed.). Edward Arnold And Company.
4218:
3402:
2957:
1881:(Asendin) followed shortly thereafter and
730:International Psychoanalytical Association
539:was mentored by Charcot. In his 1894 book
435:Leçons sur les maladies du système nerveux
6766:
6741:Ladell RM, Hargreaves TH (October 1947).
6694:
6571:Neurosis and Treatment: A Holistic Theory
6469:
6393:
6383:
6332:
6260:
6183:
6158:Sharpless BA, Barber JP (February 2011).
5886:
5831:
5718:. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
5607:
5488:
5108:
4853:
4558:The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
4269:
4184:
3814:
3628:
3601:. Universal Digital Library. Basic Books.
3514:"The Dissociation Theory of Pierre Janet"
3511:
3468:. Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). 1998
3466:A Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries
3429:
3252:
3049:The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
2924:
2918:
2824:
2400:obsessive–compulsive personality disorder
895:An enquiry into prognosis in the neuroses
743:was founded in 1911 by Welsh neurologist
578:The fifth edition of German psychiatrist
6577:
5609:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.2003.57.4.519
5413:
4964:Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry
4903:
4901:
4629:
4610:
4493:. Chicago: American Medical Association.
4444:
4392:
4231:A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis
3906:
3764:
3660:
3561:
3348:
3276:
3274:
3015:
3005:xxii Introduction to Studies on Hysteria
2628:
2439:, the symptoms of neurosis may involve:
2207:
1887:
1567:in 1963. It was published in English as
1225:(1945) was a popular book on the topic.
1209:
1112:In 1937, Austrian-American psychiatrist
1089:
891:Introduction to analytical psychotherapy
814:A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis
668:
484:
413:
329:
310:used exposure therapy to treat phobias.
175:
119:International Classification of Diseases
6836:
6236:
6227:
5957:
5654:
5448:
5326:
5276:
5082:
5031:Tone A (2009). "The Fashionable Pill".
4836:
4736:
3594:
3454:
3368:
3280:
3194:
2864:
2255:real-life exposure to feared situations
2179:Persistent complex bereavement disorder
2110:Disinhibited social engagement disorder
2091:
1972:The anxiety disorders were defined as:
14:
6968:
6814:
6619:
6607:
6565:
6533:
6445:
6297:
6100:
6017:
5953:
5951:
5921:
5919:
5789:Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
5786:
5711:
5460:: Quadrangle Books. pp. 210–232.
5251:
5216:
4780:
4590:. State University of New York Press.
4582:
4471:
4465:
4207:
4136:
4045:
4043:
3967:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 71–80.
3958:
3954:
3952:
3803:Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
3702:
3385:
3305:
3042:
2966:
2870:
2268:(ASD) have been found to benefit from
1951:
1712:Hysterical neurosis, dissociative type
1633:was released by American psychologist
1179:The American Journal of Psychoanalysis
811:(1917), later published in English as
295:were noted publicly by British doctor
6895:
6583:The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis
6569:(1965). Hanfmann E, Jones RM (eds.).
5761:
5301:
5295:
5279:A Historical Dictionary of Psychiatry
5277:Shorter E (2005). "Benzodiazepines".
5165:
5141:. American Psychological Association.
5131:
4929:
4898:
4555:
4528:
4486:
4365:
4227:
4158:
4006:
4004:
3994:
3992:
3942:
3940:
3938:
3837:
3685:
3536:
3411:
3271:
3128:
2983:
2835:
1928:American-Israeli medical sociologist
1885:(Remeron) being introduced later on.
1802:was released in 1970. It established
1677:) in 1968 described neuroses thusly:
1662:
1471:was created by American psychologist
1342:Conditions in the category included:
1205:The psychoanalytic theory of neurosis
1181:was founded by Karen Horney in 1941.
846:was founded by Ernest Jones in 1920.
732:(IPA) in March 1910. He arranged for
6675:
6647:
6503:
5813:
5030:
4955:
4938:"A brief history of antidepressants"
4753:
4693:"American Journal of Psychoanalysis"
4284:
4076:"APsaA Mission & Vision | APsaA"
3770:
3352:Clinical Lectures on Mental Diseases
2886:Sertürner FW, Trommsdorff S (1817).
2370:Historic versions of the DSM and ICD
1917:American psychiatrist and historian
1707:Hysterical neurosis, conversion type
1496:Also in 1956, American psychologist
1315:
919:was a close ally of Freud. His book
397:Clinical Lectures on Mental Diseases
391:was coined by Scottish psychiatrist
217:, first published in Latin in 1769.
134:American Heritage Medical Dictionary
6678:Two essays on analytical psychology
6300:American Journal of Orthopsychiatry
6291:
5948:
5916:
5057:
4295:
4234:. Harvard University. H. Liveright.
4040:
3949:
3255:Freud Evaluated - The Completed Arc
2797:
2082:World Association of Psychoanalysis
1043:Psychasthenia or compulsive states
741:American Psychoanalytic Association
478:In 1891, Thomas Clouston published
236:, were used into the 20th century.
90:
24:
6312:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1987.tb03541.x
6243:Sharma M, Rush SE (October 2014).
6020:The American Journal of Psychiatry
5715:Neuroses and Personality Disorders
5064:. New York: Ronald Press Company.
4001:
3989:
3935:
3512:Hart OV, Horst R (14 April 1989).
2838:The American Journal of Psychiatry
2810:. HarperCollins Publishers. 2022.
2727:expansive, displaying symptoms of
2669:
2353:the workplace will be closed down.
2022:(or obsessive compulsive neuroses)
1776:Neuroses and Personality Disorders
1671:". The second edition of the DSM (
1597:American Psychological Association
1584:Also in 1964, Polish psychiatrist
1491:American Academy of Psychoanalysis
1230:American Psychological Association
1192:, which established his school of
653:Les Obsessions et la Psychasthénie
317:first published an account of his
25:
6997:
6860:
6659:The Collected Works of C. G. Jung
6629:Horwitz AV, Wakefield JC (2007).
6448:"A Bio-Social Theory of Neurosis"
5993:Horwitz AV, Wakefield JC (2007).
5751:. Consulting Psychologists Press.
5596:American Journal of Psychotherapy
5089:American Journal of Public Health
4913:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
4421:"The man who invented relaxation"
4369:Inhibitions, Symptoms and Anxiety
4165:American Journal of Public Health
3199:. Congregation Solel. p. 15.
3197:Bertha Pappenheim: Freud's Anna O
3145:Freud S, Breuer J (August 2020).
2618:
1988:Agoraphobia without panic attacks
1514:rational emotive behavior therapy
209:(νεῦρον, 'nerve') and the suffix
64:Psychoneurosis, neurotic disorder
6800:(2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
6702:Memories, Dreams and Reflections
6477:Memories, Dreams and Reflections
6410:
6359:
6326:
6277:
6221:
6200:
6094:
5807:
5801:10.1097/00004714-199208000-00003
5780:
5762:Janov A (1980). "Introduction".
5740:
5705:
5681:
5648:
5624:
5548:
5523:
5499:
5482:
5168:Journal of Individual Psychology
4909:American Psychiatric Association
4876:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05699.x
4642:. London: Jonathan Cape, 2000.
4570:10.1097/00005053-193706000-00004
3320:10.1046/j.1039-8562.2003.02062.x
3131:Five Lectures on Psycho-Analysis
3061:10.1097/00005053-187707000-00002
2462:, neuroses may be rooted in ego
2448:Psychoanalytic (Freudian) theory
1815:as they deal primarily with the
1322:American Psychiatric Association
628:are a class of highly addictive
349:to treat hysteria in 1880–1882.
291:The tranquilising properties of
124:American Psychiatric Association
6558:
5374:
5347:
5320:
5245:
5210:
5186:
5159:
5125:
5083:Pols H, Oak S (December 2007).
5076:
5051:
5024:
4997:
4801:
4774:
4747:
4730:
4706:
4685:
4660:
4549:
4522:
4497:
4480:
4438:
4413:
4386:
4359:
4341:Lieberman EJ, Kramer R (2012).
4334:
4278:
4238:
4201:
4152:
4104:"Psychoanalysis and Neurosis".
4097:
4068:
3869:
3848:
3831:
3790:
3739:
3696:
3679:
3622:
3605:
3588:
3555:
3530:
3505:
3480:
3379:
3342:
3188:
3184:. Bern: Hans Huber. p. 35.
3173:
3137:
3122:
3098:
3075:
3045:"The Abuse and Use of Bromides"
3036:
2415:histrionic personality disorder
1184:1942 saw American psychologist
1119:borderline personality disorder
1038:Mixed hysterical psychoneurosis
953:In 1929, Austrian psychiatrist
873:In the state of convalescence,
855:, which was published in 1922.
820:In that work, Freud noted that:
792:American military psychiatrist
139:Neurosis is distinguished from
6428:] (in Swedish). 2014-02-19
5960:Behaviour Research and Therapy
5530:Eysenck HJ, Rachman S (2014).
4962:Lemke TL, Williams DA (2008).
4543:10.1080/21674086.1938.11925367
3009:
2998:
2977:
2879:
2689:ways in which this can occur:
2026:Post-traumatic stress disorder
1967:post-traumatic stress disorder
1376:Psychoneurotic reaction, other
1260:, German-British psychologist
1236:became its president in 1947.
942:Freud also published the book
657:The Major Symptoms of Hysteria
632:drugs. The first barbiturate,
195:was coined by Scottish doctor
13:
1:
6208:"Stress Inoculation Training"
5833:10.1016/S0033-3182(71)71479-0
5661:. Routledge & CRC Press.
5507:"Behavior Analysis (Div. 25)"
5231:10.1080/13619462.2018.1477597
5151:: CS1 maint: date and year (
4331:via University of Notre Dame.
4256:(4185): 463–464. 1941-03-22.
3921:10.1080/10481885.2016.1190611
2790:
2394:obsessive–compulsive disorder
2284:Progressive muscle relaxation
2189:
2115:Posttraumatic stress disorder
2020:Obsessive compulsive disorder
1783:State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
1724:Obsessive compulsive neurosis
1577:began in February 1964, as a
1469:Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale
1367:Obsessive compulsive reaction
712:Progressive muscle relaxation
691:cognitive behavioural therapy
172:A broad condition (1769–1879)
6986:Psychopathological syndromes
6886:Resources in other libraries
5972:10.1016/0005-7967(80)90069-8
5219:Contemporary British History
4936:Fitzpatrick L (2010-01-07).
4531:The Psychoanalytic Quarterly
4026:10.1016/j.semerg.2011.07.019
3133:. Penguin. pp. 1–2, 10.
2270:cognitive behavioral therapy
2259:cognitive behavioral therapy
2251:negative thought suppression
2105:Reactive attachment disorder
2015:Generalised anxiety disorder
1869:(Ludiomil) was developed by
1742:(depersonalization syndrome)
1518:How to live with a neurotic,
1420:In May 1950, pharmacologist
1396:Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
1190:Counseling and Psychotherapy
1127:
995:American Medical Association
965:he had established in 1912.
948:The Question of Lay Analysis
798:American Expeditionary Force
766:The battlefield stresses of
445:described under the name of
7:
5333:. Oxford University Press.
5304:"Valium had many ancestors"
4652:Bryant R, Harvey A (2000).
4504:Taylor S, Sirois F (2012).
3973:10.1007/978-3-319-45264-7_9
2763:
2364:
2239:Stress inoculation training
1863:tetracyclic anti-depressant
1103:general adaptation syndrome
961:, furthering the school of
915:Austrian literary theorist
752:Psychoanalysis and Neurosis
469:L'automatisme psychologique
273:in 1805, by German chemist
157:Big Five personality traits
10:
7002:
6726:. Garden City: Doubleday.
6624:. WW Norton & Company.
6615:. WW Norton & Company.
6508:. Garden City: Doubleday.
5934:. Jossey-Bass Publishers.
5930:Health, Stress, and Coping
5766:. Anchor Press/Doubleday.
4108:. 2014. pp. 243–251.
3661:Tremblay JM (2005-02-02).
3615:Thérapeutique des névroses
3487:Breuer J, Freud S (1956).
3224:10.1177/000306518703500205
3182:Jahrbuch der Psychoanalyse
3167:Jahrbuch der Psychoanalyse
2622:
2451:
2223:
2193:
1740:Depersonalization neurosis
1386:adult situational reaction
1280:French-Swiss psychologist
1203:'s encyclopaedic textbook
944:Die Frage der Laienanalyse
933:Hemmung, Symptom und Angst
541:Thérapeutique des névroses
166:
38:
31:
6922:
6881:Resources in your library
6385:10.1038/s41398-019-0673-5
6333:Fanai M, Khan MA (2021).
5814:Zung WW (November 1971).
5256:. Butterworth-Heinemann.
5194:"Our Mission and History"
5037:. New York: Basic Books.
4740:dimensions of personality
4114:10.1515/9781400850938.243
3705:The Psychiatric Quarterly
3431:10.1017/S0317167100021909
3030:10.1192/S0368315X00233008
3018:Journal of Mental Science
2677:Neurosis and Human Growth
2625:Jung's theory of neurosis
2226:Human resource management
2036:Atypical anxiety disorder
1934:Stress, Health and Coping
1798:by American psychologist
1406:, their use was limited.
1400:tricyclic antidepressants
1320:The first edition of the
1274:Neurosis and Human Growth
1258:Dimensions of Personality
1052:Compulsive tics or spasms
904:(published in English as
651:Janet published the book
114:World Health Organization
68:
60:
55:
6981:Stress-related disorders
6784:López-Piñero JM (1983).
6743:"The extent of neurosis"
6372:Translational Psychiatry
6262:10.1177/2156587214543143
6228:Lambert MJ, ed. (2004).
5896:Richard C. Dart (2004).
5391:10.1017/CBO9780511753510
5381:López Pinero JM (1983).
5327:Shorter E (2008-10-28).
5101:10.2105/AJPH.2006.090910
4757:The Abandonment Neurosis
4301:Freud, Sigmund. 1955 . "
4262:10.1136/bmj.1.4185.463-a
4177:10.2105/AJPH.2006.095794
4159:Parry M (October 2006).
4050:O'Toole MT, ed. (2005).
3909:Psychoanalytic Dialogues
3412:White MB (August 1997).
2951:10.1002/andp.18170550104
2912:10.1002/andp.18170550104
2435:, professor emeritus at
2405:impulse control disorder
2341:or depressive symptoms:
2204:Psychological resilience
1846:American anthropologist
1785:(STAI) was developed by
1746:Hypochondriacal neurosis
1624:transgenerational trauma
1290:The Abandonment Neurosis
1246:Man's Search for Meaning
931:Freud released his book
783:fight-or-flight response
663:(The Neuroses) in 1909.
282:Johann Friedrich Herbart
269:was first isolated from
132:(DSM). According to the
39:Not to be confused with
6747:British Medical Journal
6335:"Acute Stress Disorder"
5492:Positive disintegration
4714:"Former APA Presidents"
4250:British Medical Journal
4146:Appleton-Century-Crofts
3965:The Restless Compendium
3888:2027/mdp.39015045682518
3689:Névroses et idées fixes
3388:"Two Cases of Hysteria"
3308:Australasian Psychiatry
3110:collections.nlm.nih.gov
3043:Seguin EC (July 1877).
2437:Shippensburg University
2286:(PMR) was developed by
2278:cognitive restructuring
1925:was published in 1978.
1590:Positive Disintegration
1194:person-centered therapy
1061:Mixed compulsive states
680:The Swiss psychiatrist
601:Névroses et Idées Fixes
480:Neuroses of Development
433:. He wrote in his book
308:Henri Legrand du Saulle
6842:Encyclopedia Neurotica
6759:10.1136/bmj.2.4526.548
6107:. Simon and Schuster.
5302:Conis E (2008-02-18).
5254:Institutional Neurosis
5198:Albert Ellis Institute
5135:Rational Psychotherapy
5132:Ellis A (1956-08-31).
5061:The meaning of anxiety
4623:10.5840/chiasmi2006824
4474:The Wisdom of the Body
4325:JSTOR Daily Roundtable
2713:
2696:
2653:
2637:
2509:Transference neuroses
2495:, OCD, a phobia, or a
2445:
2221:
2006:(or anxiety neuroses)
1896:
1821:central nervous system
1695:
1540:institutional syndrome
1536:deinstitutionalisation
1532:Institutional Neurosis
1528:institutional neurosis
1434:The Meaning of Anxiety
1340:
1306:
1239:Austrian psychiatrist
1218:
1199:Austrian psychiatrist
1165:combat stress reaction
1098:
988:The Wisdom of the Body
984:Walter Bradford Cannon
974:Progressive Relaxation
937:The Problem of Anxiety
879:
834:
787:Walter Bradford Cannon
772:combat stress reaction
728:Freud established the
677:
597:
512:
493:
456:Austrian psychiatrist
451:
422:
378:
370:tuberculous meningitis
366:temporal lobe epilepsy
341:Austrian psychiatrist
338:
188:
105:, often that has been
6976:Psychoanalytic theory
6032:10.1176/ajp.150.3.399
5926:Antonovsky A (1979).
5569:10.1002/bs.3830190102
4614:Chiasmi International
3462:"Jean-Martin Charcot"
3148:Studien über Hysterie
2925:Sertürner FW (1817).
2785:Post-traumatic growth
2754:personality disorders
2744:resigned, displaying
2708:
2691:
2649:
2645:existential questions
2632:
2550:Narcissistic neuroses
2460:psychoanalytic theory
2441:
2420:dissociative disorder
2266:acute stress disorder
2211:
2120:Acute stress disorder
1979:(or phobic neuroses)
1891:
1734:Neurasthenic neurosis
1679:
1642:Anxiety and Behaviour
1602:The popular textbook
1382:gross stress reaction
1352:Dissociative reaction
1335:
1301:
1243:'s best selling book
1213:
1188:publish the handbook
1132:Followers of Freud's
1093:
963:individual psychology
860:
822:
776:acute stress disorder
672:
584:
517:Studien über Hysterie
499:
488:
442:
417:
333:
179:
6147:– via PsycNET.
5658:Anxiety and Neurosis
5511:www.apadivisions.org
5489:Dąbrowski K (1964).
4319:. Lay summaries via
3629:Kraepelin E (1899).
3562:Clouston TS (1891).
3392:Archives of Medicine
3349:Clouston TS (1897).
3253:Macmillan M (1990).
2850:10.1176/ajp.127.1.80
2735:, or vindictiveness.
2655:Jung found that the
2497:personality disorder
2485:unconscious conflict
2125:Adjustment disorders
2092:DSM-5 (2013–current)
2048:Somatoform disorders
1766:Anxiety and Neurosis
1753:Unspecified neurosis
1640:The well-cited book
1390:adjustment reactions
1286:La névrose d'abandon
1156:. British historian
1086:Mixed psychoneurosis
800:) released the book
520:(Studies on Hysteria
463:French psychiatrist
380:Jüdischer Frauenbund
306:French psychiatrist
280:German psychologist
239:French psychiatrist
161:negative affectivity
6723:Man and His Symbols
6654:Psychological Types
6613:The Collected Works
6585:. New York: Norton.
6506:Man and his symbols
5995:The Loss of Sadness
5414:Boydston G (1974).
5018:10.1021/ja01156a086
4868:2010NYASA1208...67A
4737:Eysenck HJ (1950).
4445:Jacobson E (1976).
4393:Jacobson E (1974).
4288:The Common Neuroses
3598:Studies On Hysteria
3595:Breuer J, Freud S.
3574:2027/wu.89051300259
3369:Charcot JM (1889).
3169:. Bern: Hans Huber.
2943:1817AnP....55...56S
2904:1817AnP....55...56S
2775:Treatments for PTSD
2674:In her final book,
2663:Psychological Types
2538:Compulsion neuroses
2531:Conversion hysteria
2424:a great variety of
2339:exhaustion disorder
2041:Adjustment disorder
1952:DSM-III (1980–1994)
1856:The Denial of Death
1841:Charles Spielberger
1787:Charles Spielberger
1759:adjustment disorder
1729:Depressive neurosis
1702:Hysterical neurosis
1646:Charles Spielberger
1586:Kazimierz Dąbrowski
1579:twelve-step program
1575:Neurotics Anonymous
1506:Paul Charles Dubois
1372:Depressive reaction
1357:Conversion reaction
1256:For his 1947 book,
1077:Reactive depression
1014:Conversion hysteria
957:published the book
887:Paul Charles Dubois
693:. He also followed
684:published the book
682:Paul Charles Dubois
674:Paul Charles Dubois
617:executive functions
613:adjustment disorder
569:Parkinson's disease
553:exophthalmic goitre
535:French neurologist
427:Jean-Martin Charcot
425:French neurologist
419:Jean-Martin Charcot
384:for twenty years.)
275:Friedrich Sertürner
79:clinical psychology
6603:. London: Hogarth.
6446:Boeree CG (2002).
6232:. New York: Wiley.
6101:Drinka GF (1984).
5899:Medical Toxicology
5712:McNeil EB (1970).
5655:Rycroft C (1968).
5557:Behavioral Science
4983:. Guilford Press.
4472:Cannon WB (1932).
4303:The Ego and the Id
4208:Salmon TW (1917).
3717:10.1007/BF01064475
3386:Walton GL (1883).
3281:Webster R (1996).
3195:Edinger D (1968).
2987:Skeptical Inquirer
2967:Seguin EC (1890).
2931:Annalen der Physik
2892:Annalen der Physik
2638:
2464:defense mechanisms
2243:Donald Meichenbaum
2222:
2200:Traumatic memories
1985:with panic attacks
1897:
1663:DSM-II (1968–1980)
1588:released his book
1409:The use of modern
1264:created the term "
1219:
1136:thinking, such as
1099:
907:The Ego and the Id
902:Das Ich und das Es
678:
494:
467:released his book
423:
395:for his 1883 book
339:
215:System of Nosology
189:
6963:
6962:
6867:Library resources
6807:978-1-60918-494-0
6753:(4526): 548–549.
6640:978-0-19-531304-8
6620:Horney K (1950).
6547:978-0-393-30775-7
6534:Horney K (1991).
6144:978-0-470-22777-0
6114:978-0-671-44999-5
6004:978-0-19-531304-8
5941:978-0-87589-412-6
5909:978-0-7817-2845-4
5773:978-0-385-15791-9
5725:978-0-13-611509-0
5668:978-0-946439-52-2
5632:"ISTSS - History"
5541:978-0-415-84101-6
5467:978-0-531-06344-6
5458:Chicago, Illinois
5400:978-0-521-24972-0
5340:978-0-19-970933-5
5308:Los Angeles Times
5288:978-0-19-517668-1
5263:978-1-4831-8341-1
5252:Barton R (2013).
5095:(12): 2132–2142.
5070:10.1037/10760-000
5044:978-0-465-08658-0
5012:(12): 5779–5781.
4990:978-1-60918-016-4
4922:978-0-89042-017-1
4767:978-1-78220-191-5
4515:978-0-07-031979-0
4506:Health Psychology
4487:Logie HB (1938).
4458:978-0-07-032182-3
4406:978-0-226-39059-8
4379:978-0-393-00874-6
4352:978-1-4214-0354-0
4321:Simply Psychology
4123:978-1-4008-5093-8
4061:978-1-4160-2604-4
3982:978-3-319-45263-0
3959:Nathoo A (2016).
3642:978-0-405-07442-4
3618:. Paris: O. Doin.
3548:978-0-14-021740-7
3292:978-0-465-09128-7
3264:978-0-08-086729-8
3158:978-80-268-2615-6
3086:www.gutenberg.org
2871:Bailey H (1927).
2817:978-0-618-82435-9
2382:in 2022. (In the
2196:Stress management
2164:Shenjing shuairuo
2136:Ataque de nervios
1943:In January 1980,
1932:in his 1979 book
1912:cognitive therapy
1813:talking therapies
1316:DSM-I (1952–1968)
1024:Hyperkinetic type
642:Joseph von Mering
565:Sydenham's chorea
526:Bertha Pappenheim
351:Bertha Pappenheim
293:potassium bromide
153:personality trait
99:Freudian thinking
84:
83:
50:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
6993:
6920:
6919:
6915:
6913:
6912:
6903:. Archived from
6855:
6833:
6811:
6789:
6780:
6770:
6737:
6716:
6691:
6676:Jung CG (1972).
6672:
6644:
6625:
6616:
6604:
6599:. Translated by
6586:
6574:
6552:
6551:
6531:
6520:
6519:
6504:Jung CG (1964).
6501:
6492:
6491:
6467:
6458:
6457:
6455:
6454:
6443:
6437:
6436:
6434:
6433:
6414:
6408:
6407:
6397:
6387:
6363:
6357:
6356:
6354:
6353:
6330:
6324:
6323:
6295:
6289:
6288:
6281:
6275:
6274:
6264:
6240:
6234:
6233:
6225:
6219:
6218:
6212:
6204:
6198:
6197:
6187:
6176:10.1037/a0022351
6155:
6149:
6148:
6128:
6119:
6118:
6098:
6092:
6091:
6089:
6088:
6074:
6065:
6064:
6053:
6044:
6043:
6015:
6009:
6008:
5990:
5984:
5983:
5955:
5946:
5945:
5933:
5923:
5914:
5913:
5893:
5884:
5883:
5872:10.1039/b903035m
5859:
5846:
5845:
5835:
5811:
5805:
5804:
5784:
5778:
5777:
5759:
5753:
5752:
5744:
5738:
5737:
5709:
5703:
5702:
5700:
5699:
5685:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5675:
5652:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5642:
5628:
5622:
5621:
5611:
5587:
5581:
5580:
5552:
5546:
5545:
5527:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5517:
5503:
5497:
5496:
5486:
5480:
5479:
5446:
5440:
5439:
5428:Barry University
5411:
5405:
5404:
5378:
5372:
5371:
5351:
5345:
5344:
5324:
5318:
5317:
5315:
5314:
5299:
5293:
5292:
5274:
5268:
5267:
5249:
5243:
5242:
5214:
5208:
5207:
5205:
5204:
5190:
5184:
5183:
5163:
5157:
5156:
5150:
5142:
5140:
5129:
5123:
5122:
5112:
5080:
5074:
5073:
5055:
5049:
5048:
5028:
5022:
5021:
5001:
4995:
4994:
4974:
4968:
4967:
4959:
4953:
4952:
4950:
4948:
4933:
4927:
4926:
4905:
4896:
4895:
4851:
4845:
4844:
4837:US Army (1952).
4834:
4823:
4822:
4820:
4819:
4805:
4799:
4798:
4778:
4772:
4771:
4751:
4745:
4744:
4734:
4728:
4727:
4725:
4724:
4710:
4704:
4703:
4701:
4700:
4689:
4683:
4682:
4680:
4679:
4664:
4658:
4657:
4649:
4643:
4633:
4627:
4626:
4608:
4602:
4601:
4580:
4574:
4573:
4553:
4547:
4546:
4526:
4520:
4519:
4501:
4495:
4494:
4484:
4478:
4477:
4469:
4463:
4462:
4442:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4432:
4417:
4411:
4410:
4390:
4384:
4383:
4366:Freud S (1977).
4363:
4357:
4356:
4338:
4332:
4308:Standard Edition
4299:
4293:
4292:
4285:Ross TA (1949).
4282:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4242:
4236:
4235:
4228:Freud S (1920).
4225:
4216:
4215:
4205:
4199:
4198:
4188:
4156:
4150:
4149:
4134:
4128:
4127:
4101:
4095:
4094:
4092:
4091:
4082:. Archived from
4072:
4066:
4065:
4047:
4038:
4037:
4008:
3999:
3996:
3987:
3986:
3956:
3947:
3944:
3933:
3932:
3904:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3873:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3863:
3852:
3846:
3845:
3838:Janet P (1907).
3835:
3829:
3828:
3818:
3794:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3784:
3768:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3758:
3743:
3737:
3736:
3700:
3694:
3693:
3686:Janet P (1914).
3683:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3658:
3647:
3646:
3626:
3620:
3619:
3609:
3603:
3602:
3592:
3586:
3585:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3537:Freud S (1984).
3534:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3523:
3518:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3492:
3484:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3473:
3458:
3452:
3451:
3433:
3409:
3400:
3399:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3366:
3357:
3356:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3303:
3297:
3296:
3278:
3269:
3268:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3207:
3201:
3200:
3192:
3186:
3185:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3162:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3129:Freud S (1995).
3126:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3102:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3040:
3034:
3033:
3013:
3007:
3002:
2996:
2995:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2964:
2955:
2954:
2922:
2916:
2915:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2833:
2822:
2821:
2801:
2758:self-realization
2580:Dementia praecox
2565:Anxiety neurosis
2518:Anxiety hysteria
2433:C. George Boeree
2410:anxiety disorder
2307:Aaron Antonovsky
1977:Phobic disorders
1930:Aaron Antonovsky
1852:Pulitzer-winning
1550:chlordiazepoxide
1526:The concept of "
1451:Thomas W. Salmon
1411:exposure therapy
1347:Anxiety reaction
1173:Thomas W. Salmon
1027:Paresthetic type
1009:Anxiety hysteria
794:Thomas W. Salmon
409:dementia praecox
383:
313:American doctor
183:coined the term
92:
53:
52:
21:
7001:
7000:
6996:
6995:
6994:
6992:
6991:
6990:
6966:
6965:
6964:
6959:
6958:
6931:
6910:
6908:
6892:
6891:
6890:
6875:
6874:
6870:
6863:
6858:
6852:
6830:
6808:
6734:
6713:
6688:
6669:
6641:
6561:
6556:
6555:
6548:
6532:
6523:
6516:
6502:
6495:
6488:
6468:
6461:
6452:
6450:
6444:
6440:
6431:
6429:
6416:
6415:
6411:
6364:
6360:
6351:
6349:
6331:
6327:
6296:
6292:
6283:
6282:
6278:
6241:
6237:
6226:
6222:
6210:
6206:
6205:
6201:
6156:
6152:
6145:
6129:
6122:
6115:
6099:
6095:
6086:
6084:
6076:
6075:
6068:
6054:
6047:
6016:
6012:
6005:
5991:
5987:
5956:
5949:
5942:
5924:
5917:
5910:
5894:
5887:
5866:(25): 3677–92.
5860:
5849:
5812:
5808:
5785:
5781:
5774:
5760:
5756:
5745:
5741:
5726:
5710:
5706:
5697:
5695:
5687:
5686:
5682:
5673:
5671:
5669:
5653:
5649:
5640:
5638:
5630:
5629:
5625:
5588:
5584:
5553:
5549:
5542:
5528:
5524:
5515:
5513:
5505:
5504:
5500:
5487:
5483:
5468:
5447:
5443:
5412:
5408:
5401:
5379:
5375:
5352:
5348:
5341:
5325:
5321:
5312:
5310:
5300:
5296:
5289:
5275:
5271:
5264:
5250:
5246:
5215:
5211:
5202:
5200:
5192:
5191:
5187:
5164:
5160:
5144:
5143:
5138:
5130:
5126:
5081:
5077:
5056:
5052:
5045:
5029:
5025:
5002:
4998:
4991:
4975:
4971:
4960:
4956:
4946:
4944:
4934:
4930:
4923:
4906:
4899:
4852:
4848:
4835:
4826:
4817:
4815:
4807:
4806:
4802:
4779:
4775:
4768:
4752:
4748:
4735:
4731:
4722:
4720:
4712:
4711:
4707:
4698:
4696:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4677:
4675:
4666:
4665:
4661:
4650:
4646:
4634:
4630:
4609:
4605:
4598:
4581:
4577:
4554:
4550:
4527:
4523:
4516:
4502:
4498:
4485:
4481:
4470:
4466:
4459:
4443:
4439:
4430:
4428:
4419:
4418:
4414:
4407:
4391:
4387:
4380:
4364:
4360:
4353:
4339:
4335:
4300:
4296:
4283:
4279:
4244:
4243:
4239:
4226:
4219:
4206:
4202:
4157:
4153:
4135:
4131:
4124:
4103:
4102:
4098:
4089:
4087:
4074:
4073:
4069:
4062:
4048:
4041:
4009:
4002:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3957:
3950:
3945:
3936:
3905:
3901:
3892:
3890:
3875:
3874:
3870:
3861:
3859:
3854:
3853:
3849:
3836:
3832:
3795:
3791:
3782:
3780:
3769:
3765:
3756:
3754:
3745:
3744:
3740:
3701:
3697:
3684:
3680:
3671:
3669:
3659:
3650:
3643:
3627:
3623:
3610:
3606:
3593:
3589:
3560:
3556:
3549:
3535:
3531:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3510:
3506:
3485:
3481:
3471:
3469:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3410:
3403:
3384:
3380:
3367:
3360:
3355:. Lea Brothers.
3347:
3343:
3304:
3300:
3293:
3285:. Basic Books.
3279:
3272:
3265:
3251:
3247:
3208:
3204:
3193:
3189:
3178:
3174:
3159:
3142:
3138:
3127:
3123:
3114:
3112:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3090:
3088:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3041:
3037:
3024:(70): 205–213.
3014:
3010:
3003:
2999:
2982:
2978:
2965:
2958:
2923:
2919:
2884:
2880:
2869:
2865:
2834:
2825:
2818:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2793:
2766:
2718:Vicious circles
2672:
2670:Horney's theory
2627:
2621:
2545:Trauma neuroses
2506:Psychoneuroses
2456:
2450:
2372:
2367:
2321:Alpha-1 blocker
2301:Stanley Rachman
2288:Edmund Jacobson
2236:
2214:Richard Lazarus
2206:
2194:Main articles:
2192:
2174:Taijin kyofusho
2094:
1954:
1945:Stanley Rachman
1817:cerebral cortex
1770:Charles Rycroft
1719:Phobic neurosis
1665:
1635:Richard Lazarus
1629:The noted book
1608:Stanley Rachman
1546:Benzodiazepines
1362:Phobic reaction
1318:
1271:Karen Horney's
1221:Karen Horney's
1154:effort syndrome
1130:
1072:Hypochondriasis
1018:Anesthenic type
970:Edmund Jacobson
925:Trauma of Birth
716:Edmund Jacobson
393:Thomas Clouston
328:
241:Phillipe Pinnel
222:physiologically
174:
169:
51:
48:
37:
34:Neurosis (band)
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6999:
6989:
6988:
6983:
6978:
6961:
6960:
6957:
6956:
6932:
6927:
6926:
6924:
6923:Classification
6917:
6916:
6889:
6888:
6883:
6877:
6876:
6865:
6864:
6862:
6861:External links
6859:
6857:
6856:
6850:
6834:
6828:
6812:
6806:
6790:
6781:
6738:
6732:
6717:
6711:
6692:
6686:
6673:
6667:
6645:
6639:
6626:
6617:
6605:
6587:
6575:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6554:
6553:
6546:
6521:
6514:
6493:
6486:
6459:
6438:
6409:
6358:
6325:
6306:(3): 316–331.
6290:
6276:
6255:(4): 271–286.
6235:
6220:
6199:
6150:
6143:
6120:
6113:
6093:
6082:www.aapcsw.org
6066:
6045:
6026:(3): 399–410.
6010:
6003:
5985:
5947:
5940:
5915:
5908:
5885:
5847:
5826:(6): 371–379.
5820:Psychosomatics
5806:
5779:
5772:
5754:
5739:
5724:
5704:
5680:
5667:
5647:
5623:
5602:(4): 519–527.
5582:
5547:
5540:
5522:
5498:
5481:
5466:
5441:
5424:Miami, Florida
5406:
5399:
5373:
5362:(3): 276–278.
5346:
5339:
5319:
5294:
5287:
5269:
5262:
5244:
5225:(3): 307–335.
5209:
5185:
5158:
5124:
5075:
5058:May R (1950).
5050:
5043:
5023:
4996:
4989:
4969:
4954:
4928:
4921:
4897:
4846:
4840:DSM-1 Full PDF
4824:
4800:
4773:
4766:
4746:
4729:
4705:
4684:
4659:
4644:
4628:
4603:
4596:
4575:
4564:(6): 689–695.
4548:
4537:(4): 467–489.
4521:
4514:
4496:
4479:
4464:
4457:
4448:You must relax
4437:
4412:
4405:
4385:
4378:
4358:
4351:
4333:
4311:19, edited by
4294:
4277:
4237:
4217:
4200:
4151:
4148:. p. 211.
4129:
4122:
4096:
4067:
4060:
4039:
4020:(6): 377–387.
4016:(in Spanish).
4000:
3988:
3981:
3948:
3934:
3915:(4): 460–475.
3899:
3868:
3847:
3830:
3809:(4): 329–343.
3789:
3777:FranceArchives
3773:"Pierre Janet"
3763:
3738:
3711:(4): 291–314.
3695:
3678:
3648:
3641:
3621:
3604:
3587:
3554:
3547:
3529:
3504:
3479:
3453:
3424:(3): 254–260.
3401:
3378:
3358:
3341:
3298:
3291:
3270:
3263:
3245:
3218:(2): 387–419.
3202:
3187:
3172:
3157:
3136:
3121:
3097:
3074:
3055:(3): 445–462.
3035:
3008:
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2863:
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2795:
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2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2765:
2762:
2750:
2749:
2742:
2736:
2671:
2668:
2623:Main article:
2620:
2619:Jungian theory
2617:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2603:
2598:
2592:
2582:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2556:True neuroses
2554:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2454:Psychoanalysis
2452:Main article:
2449:
2446:
2429:
2428:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2361:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2328:hydrocortisone
2313:Michael Rutter
2272:in preventing
2264:Patients with
2230:Family therapy
2191:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2093:
2090:
2052:disassociation
2038:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2023:
2017:
2012:
2010:Panic disorder
2004:Anxiety states
2001:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1986:
1953:
1950:
1804:primal therapy
1755:
1754:
1751:
1750:Other neurosis
1748:
1743:
1737:
1736:(neurasthenia)
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1664:
1661:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1378:
1377:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1317:
1314:
1134:psychoanalytic
1129:
1126:
1088:
1087:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1030:Autonomic type
1028:
1025:
1022:
1021:Paralytic type
1019:
1011:
978:You Must Relax
968:1929 also saw
609:psychasthenias
580:Emil Kraepelin
530:psychoanalysis
510:quite clearly.
389:psychoneurosis
347:psychoanalysis
327:
324:
297:Charles Locock
284:used the term
234:dermatographia
228:, loss of the
201:nervous system
197:William Cullen
181:William Cullen
173:
170:
168:
165:
151:, refers to a
82:
81:
72:
66:
65:
62:
58:
57:
49:
26:
18:Psychoneurosis
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6998:
6987:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6973:
6971:
6955:
6951:
6947:
6943:
6942:
6938:
6934:
6933:
6930:
6925:
6921:
6907:on 2020-11-23
6906:
6902:
6898:
6894:
6893:
6887:
6884:
6882:
6879:
6878:
6873:
6868:
6853:
6851:0-312-32501-0
6847:
6844:. Macmillan.
6843:
6839:
6835:
6831:
6829:0-7914-5754-0
6825:
6821:
6817:
6813:
6809:
6803:
6799:
6795:
6791:
6787:
6782:
6778:
6774:
6769:
6764:
6760:
6756:
6752:
6748:
6744:
6739:
6735:
6733:0-385-05221-9
6729:
6725:
6724:
6718:
6714:
6712:0-679-72395-1
6708:
6704:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6689:
6687:0-691-01782-4
6683:
6679:
6674:
6670:
6668:0-691-01813-8
6664:
6660:
6656:
6655:
6650:
6646:
6642:
6636:
6632:
6627:
6623:
6618:
6614:
6610:
6606:
6602:
6598:
6597:
6593:(1953–1974).
6592:
6588:
6584:
6580:
6576:
6572:
6568:
6564:
6563:
6549:
6543:
6539:
6538:
6530:
6528:
6526:
6517:
6515:0-385-05221-9
6511:
6507:
6500:
6498:
6489:
6487:0-679-72395-1
6483:
6479:
6478:
6473:
6466:
6464:
6449:
6442:
6427:
6423:
6419:
6413:
6405:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6377:
6373:
6369:
6362:
6348:
6344:
6340:
6336:
6329:
6321:
6317:
6313:
6309:
6305:
6301:
6294:
6286:
6280:
6272:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6254:
6250:
6246:
6239:
6231:
6224:
6216:
6209:
6203:
6195:
6191:
6186:
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6177:
6173:
6169:
6165:
6161:
6154:
6146:
6140:
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6135:
6127:
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6116:
6110:
6106:
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6097:
6083:
6079:
6073:
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6041:
6037:
6033:
6029:
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6014:
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5989:
5981:
5977:
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5969:
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5954:
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5943:
5937:
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5920:
5911:
5905:
5901:
5900:
5892:
5890:
5881:
5877:
5873:
5869:
5865:
5864:Chem. Commun.
5858:
5856:
5854:
5852:
5843:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5825:
5821:
5817:
5810:
5802:
5798:
5794:
5790:
5783:
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5769:
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5708:
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5627:
5619:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5601:
5597:
5593:
5586:
5578:
5574:
5570:
5566:
5562:
5558:
5551:
5543:
5537:
5534:. Routledge.
5533:
5526:
5512:
5508:
5502:
5494:
5493:
5485:
5477:
5473:
5469:
5463:
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5128:
5120:
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5106:
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5086:
5079:
5071:
5067:
5063:
5062:
5054:
5046:
5040:
5036:
5035:
5027:
5019:
5015:
5011:
5007:
5006:J Am Chem Soc
5000:
4992:
4986:
4982:
4981:
4973:
4965:
4958:
4943:
4939:
4932:
4924:
4918:
4914:
4910:
4904:
4902:
4893:
4889:
4885:
4881:
4877:
4873:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4857:
4850:
4842:
4841:
4833:
4831:
4829:
4814:
4810:
4809:"About NASAP"
4804:
4796:
4792:
4788:
4784:
4777:
4769:
4763:
4759:
4758:
4750:
4742:
4741:
4733:
4719:
4715:
4709:
4694:
4688:
4673:
4669:
4663:
4655:
4648:
4641:
4637:
4636:Shephard, Ben
4632:
4624:
4620:
4616:
4615:
4607:
4599:
4597:0-7914-5754-0
4593:
4589:
4585:
4579:
4571:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4552:
4544:
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4532:
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4507:
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4454:
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4426:
4422:
4416:
4408:
4402:
4398:
4397:
4389:
4381:
4375:
4371:
4370:
4362:
4354:
4348:
4344:
4337:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4318:
4317:Hogarth Press
4314:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4298:
4290:
4289:
4281:
4272:
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4259:
4255:
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4204:
4196:
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4162:
4155:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4133:
4125:
4119:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4100:
4086:on 2022-09-12
4085:
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4027:
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3918:
3914:
3910:
3903:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3878:
3872:
3857:
3851:
3843:
3842:
3834:
3826:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3793:
3778:
3774:
3767:
3752:
3748:
3747:"Accueil SFP"
3742:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3699:
3691:
3690:
3682:
3668:
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3657:
3655:
3653:
3644:
3638:
3634:
3633:
3625:
3617:
3616:
3608:
3600:
3599:
3591:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3566:
3558:
3550:
3544:
3540:
3533:
3515:
3508:
3500:
3496:
3491:
3483:
3467:
3463:
3457:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3408:
3406:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3382:
3374:
3373:
3365:
3363:
3354:
3353:
3345:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3302:
3294:
3288:
3284:
3277:
3275:
3266:
3260:
3256:
3249:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3206:
3198:
3191:
3183:
3176:
3168:
3160:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3140:
3132:
3125:
3111:
3107:
3101:
3087:
3084:
3078:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
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3046:
3039:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3012:
3006:
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2993:
2989:
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2972:
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2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2921:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2894:(in German).
2893:
2889:
2882:
2874:
2867:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2819:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2800:
2796:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2770:Individuation
2768:
2767:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2747:
2743:
2740:
2739:self-effacing
2737:
2734:
2733:perfectionism
2730:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2712:
2707:
2705:
2701:
2700:basic anxiety
2695:
2690:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2667:
2665:
2664:
2658:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2635:
2631:
2626:
2608:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2532:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2468:sense of self
2465:
2461:
2458:According to
2455:
2444:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2431:According to
2427:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2331:
2329:
2325:
2322:
2317:
2314:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2296:
2291:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2219:
2218:Susan Folkman
2215:
2210:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2141:Dhat syndrome
2139:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2096:In 2013, the
2089:
2087:
2086:Jacques Lacan
2083:
2078:
2076:
2071:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2042:
2035:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2002:
1998:
1997:Simple phobia
1995:
1993:
1992:Social phobia
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1949:
1946:
1941:
1939:
1938:salutogenesis
1935:
1931:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1919:Kenneth Levin
1915:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1884:
1880:
1877:(Tolvon) and
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1844:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1832:
1827:
1824:
1822:
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1814:
1809:
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1801:
1797:
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1700:
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1678:
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1675:
1670:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1649:
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1643:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1625:
1619:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1559:
1555:
1554:Leo Sternbach
1551:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1492:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1449:(1950-1953),
1448:
1443:
1440:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1427:
1423:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1397:
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1391:
1387:
1383:
1375:
1373:
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1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
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1355:
1353:
1350:
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1343:
1339:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1313:
1311:
1305:
1300:
1298:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1284:'s 1950 book
1283:
1282:Germaine Guex
1278:
1276:
1275:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1241:Viktor Frankl
1237:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1224:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1201:Otto Fenichel
1197:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1147:
1146:Jacques Lacan
1143:
1139:
1135:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1096:
1092:
1085:
1083:
1082:Anxiety state
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1003:
1002:
1000:
997:released its
996:
991:
989:
986:'s 1932 book
985:
981:
979:
975:
971:
966:
964:
960:
956:
951:
949:
945:
940:
938:
934:
929:
927:
926:
923:
918:
913:
910:
908:
903:
898:
896:
892:
888:
883:
878:
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868:
864:
859:
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847:
845:
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839:
833:
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826:
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816:
815:
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805:
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790:
788:
784:
779:
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773:
769:
764:
762:
761:
755:
753:
748:
746:
742:
737:
735:
731:
726:
724:
719:
717:
713:
709:
707:
702:
698:
696:
695:Weir Mitchell
692:
687:
683:
675:
671:
667:
664:
662:
659:in 1907, and
658:
654:
649:
647:
646:phenobarbital
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
620:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
596:
594:
590:
583:
581:
576:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
518:
511:
507:
503:
498:
491:
490:Sigmund Freud
487:
483:
481:
476:
474:
470:
466:
461:
459:
458:Sigmund Freud
454:
450:
448:
447:Railway-spine
441:
440:
436:
432:
428:
420:
416:
412:
410:
406:
402:
401:schizophrenia
398:
394:
390:
385:
382:
381:
375:
371:
367:
362:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
336:
332:
323:
320:
316:
315:Weir Mitchell
311:
309:
304:
302:
298:
294:
289:
287:
283:
278:
276:
272:
268:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
237:
235:
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223:
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208:
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202:
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186:
182:
178:
164:
162:
158:
154:
150:
149:
144:
143:
137:
135:
131:
130:
125:
122:(ICD) or the
121:
120:
115:
110:
108:
104:
100:
96:
88:
80:
76:
73:
71:
67:
63:
59:
54:
46:
42:
35:
30:
19:
6935:
6909:. Retrieved
6905:the original
6871:
6841:
6819:
6797:
6794:McWilliams N
6785:
6750:
6746:
6721:
6700:
6677:
6652:
6630:
6621:
6612:
6594:
6582:
6570:
6559:Bibliography
6535:
6505:
6475:
6451:. Retrieved
6441:
6430:. Retrieved
6425:
6421:
6412:
6375:
6371:
6361:
6350:. Retrieved
6338:
6328:
6303:
6299:
6293:
6279:
6252:
6248:
6238:
6229:
6223:
6214:
6202:
6167:
6163:
6153:
6133:
6103:
6096:
6085:. Retrieved
6081:
6059:
6023:
6019:
6013:
5994:
5988:
5966:(1): 51–60.
5963:
5959:
5929:
5898:
5863:
5823:
5819:
5809:
5792:
5788:
5782:
5763:
5757:
5748:
5742:
5714:
5707:
5696:. Retrieved
5692:
5683:
5672:. Retrieved
5657:
5650:
5639:. Retrieved
5635:
5626:
5599:
5595:
5585:
5560:
5556:
5550:
5531:
5525:
5514:. Retrieved
5510:
5501:
5491:
5484:
5453:
5444:
5415:
5409:
5382:
5376:
5359:
5355:
5349:
5329:
5322:
5311:. Retrieved
5307:
5297:
5278:
5272:
5253:
5247:
5222:
5218:
5212:
5201:. Retrieved
5197:
5188:
5174:(1): 38–44.
5171:
5167:
5161:
5134:
5127:
5092:
5088:
5078:
5060:
5053:
5033:
5026:
5009:
5005:
4999:
4979:
4972:
4963:
4957:
4945:. Retrieved
4941:
4931:
4912:
4859:
4855:
4849:
4839:
4816:. Retrieved
4812:
4803:
4789:(2): 83–88.
4786:
4782:
4776:
4756:
4749:
4739:
4732:
4721:. Retrieved
4717:
4708:
4697:. Retrieved
4695:. 2018-02-26
4687:
4676:. Retrieved
4674:. 2013-11-07
4671:
4662:
4653:
4647:
4639:
4631:
4612:
4606:
4587:
4578:
4561:
4557:
4551:
4534:
4530:
4524:
4505:
4499:
4489:
4482:
4473:
4467:
4447:
4440:
4429:. Retrieved
4427:. 2015-11-04
4424:
4415:
4395:
4388:
4368:
4361:
4342:
4336:
4307:
4297:
4287:
4280:
4253:
4249:
4240:
4230:
4210:
4203:
4171:(10): 1741.
4168:
4164:
4154:
4144:. New York:
4141:
4132:
4105:
4099:
4088:. Retrieved
4084:the original
4080:www.apsa.org
4079:
4070:
4051:
4017:
4013:
3964:
3912:
3908:
3902:
3891:. Retrieved
3879:
3871:
3860:. Retrieved
3858:. 2022-11-03
3850:
3840:
3833:
3806:
3802:
3792:
3781:. Retrieved
3776:
3771:Isabelle S.
3766:
3755:. Retrieved
3750:
3741:
3708:
3704:
3698:
3688:
3681:
3670:. Retrieved
3666:
3631:
3624:
3614:
3607:
3597:
3590:
3564:
3557:
3538:
3532:
3520:. Retrieved
3507:
3498:
3494:
3482:
3470:. Retrieved
3465:
3456:
3421:
3417:
3395:
3391:
3381:
3371:
3351:
3344:
3311:
3307:
3301:
3282:
3257:. Elsevier.
3254:
3248:
3215:
3211:
3205:
3196:
3190:
3181:
3175:
3166:
3151:. e-artnow.
3147:
3139:
3130:
3124:
3113:. Retrieved
3109:
3100:
3089:. Retrieved
3085:
3077:
3052:
3048:
3038:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3000:
2991:
2985:
2979:
2969:
2937:(1): 56–90.
2934:
2930:
2920:
2898:(1): 56–89.
2895:
2891:
2881:
2872:
2866:
2844:(1): 80–84.
2841:
2837:
2806:
2804:"Neurosis".
2799:
2757:
2751:
2722:
2714:
2709:
2697:
2692:
2682:Karen Horney
2675:
2673:
2661:
2654:
2650:
2639:
2570:Hypochondria
2560:Neurasthenia
2501:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2457:
2442:
2430:
2388:
2373:
2332:
2318:
2311:
2305:
2299:
2292:
2282:
2263:
2237:
2095:
2079:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2064:Neurasthenia
2060:hypochondria
2046:
2039:
1971:
1964:
1958:
1955:
1942:
1933:
1927:
1922:
1916:
1907:
1900:Albert Ellis
1898:
1860:
1848:Ernst Becker
1845:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1800:Arthur Janov
1793:
1791:
1780:
1775:
1774:
1765:
1764:
1756:
1696:
1687:displacement
1680:
1672:
1666:
1650:
1641:
1639:
1630:
1628:
1620:
1616:
1603:
1601:
1594:
1589:
1583:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1562:
1544:
1531:
1525:
1522:
1517:
1501:
1498:Albert Ellis
1495:
1488:
1477:
1473:Janet Taylor
1466:
1444:
1432:
1431:
1422:Frank Berger
1419:
1415:Joseph Wolpe
1408:
1398:(MAOIs) and
1394:
1379:
1341:
1336:
1332:
1325:
1319:
1307:
1302:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1279:
1272:
1270:
1262:Hans Eysenck
1257:
1255:
1244:
1238:
1227:
1222:
1220:
1215:Karen Horney
1204:
1198:
1189:
1183:
1177:
1162:
1158:Ben Shephard
1150:
1142:Karen Horney
1131:
1123:
1114:Adolph Stern
1111:
1100:
1067:Neurasthenia
1033:Amnesic type
998:
992:
987:
982:
977:
973:
967:
958:
955:Alfred Adler
952:
943:
941:
936:
932:
930:
924:
921:
914:
905:
901:
899:
894:
890:
881:
880:
872:
869:
865:
861:
857:
850:
848:
842:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
812:
808:
806:
801:
791:
780:
765:
758:
757:The journal
756:
751:
749:
745:Ernest Jones
738:
727:
720:
710:
703:
701:"hysteria".
699:
685:
679:
665:
661:Les Névroses
660:
656:
652:
650:
638:Emil Fischer
626:Barbiturates
624:
621:
600:
598:
585:
577:
549:neurasthenia
540:
537:Paul Oulmont
534:
521:
515:
513:
508:
504:
500:
495:
479:
477:
473:dissociation
468:
465:Pierre Janet
462:
455:
452:
443:
438:
434:
424:
396:
388:
386:
374:encephalitis
363:
359:
343:Josef Breuer
340:
335:Josef Breuer
312:
305:
290:
279:
265:
244:
238:
219:
214:
210:
204:
192:
190:
184:
146:
140:
138:
133:
127:
117:
111:
94:
86:
85:
29:
6170:(1): 8–15.
5563:(1): 1–15.
4718:www.apa.org
4672:news.va.gov
4617:: 157–174.
4313:J. Strachey
3779:(in French)
3753:(in French)
3314:(1): 62–8.
2973:. Appleton.
2780:Sublimation
2748:tendencies.
2657:unconscious
2596:persecution
2590:Megalomania
2575:Paraphrenia
2234:Social work
2155:Maladi moun
2151:Kufungisisa
1983:Agoraphobia
1883:mirtazapine
1867:maprotiline
1612:behaviorism
1426:meprobamate
1297:Carl Rogers
1266:neuroticism
1251:logotherapy
1234:Carl Rogers
1186:Carl Rogers
893:(1932) and
768:World War I
345:first used
249:melancholia
148:neuroticism
61:Other names
45:Neuroticism
6970:Categories
6911:2009-04-21
6901:"Neurosis"
6601:Strachey J
6579:Fenichel O
6453:2009-04-21
6432:2022-07-15
6378:(1): 334.
6352:2021-03-14
6339:StatPearls
6087:2023-06-29
5997:. Oxford.
5795:(4): 234.
5698:2023-04-14
5674:2023-04-14
5641:2023-04-14
5516:2023-07-15
5313:2023-04-15
5203:2023-04-15
5180:1303440303
4947:19 October
4818:2023-04-14
4723:2023-07-08
4699:2023-04-14
4678:2023-04-21
4431:2023-12-16
4372:. Norton.
4315:. London:
4246:"OBITUARY"
4090:2018-10-01
3893:2024-04-22
3880:HathiTrust
3862:2023-04-21
3783:2023-07-08
3757:2023-07-08
3672:2023-04-13
3472:13 October
3115:2024-04-22
3091:2024-04-22
2791:References
2729:narcissism
2704:self-image
2694:responses.
2601:Erotomania
2493:depression
2470:(i.e., an
2247:relaxation
2224:See also:
2190:Prevention
2056:depression
1904:Aaron Beck
1893:Aaron Beck
1861:The first
1683:conversion
1520:in 1957.
1447:Korean War
1445:After the
1292:in 2015).
1107:Hans Selye
1095:Hans Seyle
593:hysterical
286:repression
230:gag reflex
226:knee-jerks
75:Psychiatry
6838:Winokur J
6816:Russon JE
6695:Jung CG,
6651:(1971) .
6470:Jung CG,
5636:istss.org
5450:Sagarin E
5422:thesis).
5239:149881128
5147:cite book
4138:Cannon WB
3929:151623430
3582:609217760
3522:23 August
3069:145482861
2641:Carl Jung
2634:Carl Jung
2605:Mania of
2594:Mania of
2146:Khyâl cap
2077:in 1984.
1910:. Beck's
1879:amoxapine
1875:mianserin
1833:in 1972.
1808:repressed
1792:The book
1691:psychoses
1637:in 1966.
1571:in 1983.
1484:Carl Jung
1439:Rollo May
1232:in 1945.
1138:Carl Jung
1128:1939–1952
1109:in 1936.
1047:Obsession
1005:Hysteria
980:in 1934.
917:Otto Rank
789:in 1915.
734:Carl Jung
605:hysterias
595:insanity.
589:epileptic
387:The term
319:rest cure
191:The term
142:psychosis
107:repressed
70:Specialty
41:Psychosis
6899:(1991).
6872:Neurosis
6840:(2006).
6818:(2003).
6796:(2011).
6777:20267012
6699:(1989).
6611:(1945).
6609:Horney K
6581:(1945).
6567:Angyal A
6474:(1989).
6404:31819037
6347:32809650
6271:25053754
6194:21475611
5880:19557250
5693:aadl.org
5618:14735877
5436:14126024
5176:ProQuest
5119:17971561
4911:(1952).
4892:42645212
4884:20955327
4795:42581028
4586:(2003).
4584:Russon J
4425:BBC News
4329:Glossary
4195:17008565
4140:(1915).
4034:22935834
4014:Semergen
3825:18568113
3733:23032117
3398:: 88–95.
3336:33384890
3328:15715742
3240:32184483
2994:(2): 44.
2764:See also
2746:schizoid
2686:dynamics
2607:jealousy
2585:Paranoia
2522:Various
2513:Hysteria
2478:neuroses
2365:Etiology
2324:Prazosin
2293:Playing
1558:diazepam
1510:Epicetus
1404:toxicity
897:(1936).
817:(1920).
706:Salzburg
634:barbital
630:sedative
561:migraine
557:epilepsy
545:hysteria
431:hysteria
267:Morphine
261:idiotism
257:dementia
193:neurosis
185:neurosis
95:neuroses
87:Neurosis
56:Neurosis
6946:F40-F48
6897:Janov A
6768:2055884
6697:Jaffé A
6649:Jung CG
6591:Freud S
6472:Jaffé A
6395:6901463
6320:3303954
6215:VA PTSD
6185:3070301
6040:8434655
5980:7369988
5842:5172928
5577:4808738
5110:2089086
4864:Bibcode
4271:2161727
4186:1586146
3816:2424120
3725:6399751
3501:: 8–13.
3448:7364585
3440:9276114
3232:3294985
2939:Bibcode
2900:Bibcode
2858:4913140
2524:phobias
2489:anxiety
2426:phobias
2376:DSM III
2357:others.
2159:Nervios
2028:, acute
1959:DSM-III
1865:(TeCA)
1850:in his
1669:anxiety
1167:during
838:Wolfman
723:Rat Man
301:bromism
167:History
103:anxiety
6869:about
6848:
6826:
6804:
6775:
6765:
6730:
6709:
6684:
6665:
6637:
6544:
6512:
6484:
6402:
6392:
6345:
6318:
6269:
6192:
6182:
6141:
6111:
6038:
6001:
5978:
5938:
5906:
5878:
5840:
5770:
5732:
5722:
5665:
5616:
5575:
5538:
5474:
5464:
5434:
5397:
5337:
5285:
5260:
5237:
5178:
5117:
5107:
5041:
4987:
4919:
4890:
4882:
4793:
4764:
4594:
4512:
4455:
4403:
4376:
4349:
4305:." In
4268:
4193:
4183:
4120:
4058:
4032:
3979:
3927:
3823:
3813:
3731:
3723:
3639:
3580:
3545:
3446:
3438:
3334:
3326:
3289:
3261:
3238:
3230:
3155:
3067:
2856:
2814:
2384:ICD-10
2380:ICD-11
2295:Tetris
2253:, and
2232:, and
2202:, and
1674:DSM-II
1144:, and
1057:Phobia
573:tetany
405:autism
372:, and
259:, and
206:neuron
6954:F68.0
6950:F60.9
6424:[
6211:(PDF)
5734:97389
5476:34435
5235:S2CID
5139:(PDF)
4888:S2CID
4791:JSTOR
3925:S2CID
3729:S2CID
3667:texte
3517:(PDF)
3444:S2CID
3332:S2CID
3236:S2CID
3065:S2CID
2396:(OCD)
2169:Susto
2098:DSM-5
1854:book
497:with:
355:Ischl
271:opium
253:mania
211:-osis
6846:ISBN
6824:ISBN
6802:ISBN
6773:PMID
6728:ISBN
6707:ISBN
6682:ISBN
6663:ISBN
6635:ISBN
6542:ISBN
6510:ISBN
6482:ISBN
6400:PMID
6343:PMID
6316:PMID
6267:PMID
6190:PMID
6139:ISBN
6109:ISBN
6036:PMID
5999:ISBN
5976:PMID
5936:ISBN
5904:ISBN
5876:PMID
5838:PMID
5768:ISBN
5730:OCLC
5720:ISBN
5663:ISBN
5614:PMID
5573:PMID
5536:ISBN
5472:OCLC
5462:ISBN
5432:OCLC
5420:Ed.M
5395:ISBN
5335:ISBN
5283:ISBN
5258:ISBN
5153:link
5115:PMID
5039:ISBN
4985:ISBN
4949:2014
4942:Time
4917:ISBN
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