473:, to govern in his own right and establish his own dynasty. The city of Telmessos, prior to being under Ptolemaic rule was previously under the kingship of Ptolemy's late father Lysimachus, thus Ptolemy would become a client monarch and have a client kingdom to rule under the Ptolemaic Kingdom. A surviving inscription from Telmessos dated from 258 BC, reveals an arms-length accord that Ptolemy reached with the Egyptian government and indicates that Ptolemy II made Ptolemy a Ptolemaic official in the area and was given a large estate in the area by the Pharaoh. Ptolemy ruled as a Ptolemaic Client King of Telmessos from late 258 BC until his death in February 240 BC.
378:
150:
477:
433:’s war crown, which is suggested that Ptolemy is playing an active role in court life and later in military affairs. His portrait on the Mendes Stela is dated from 264/3 BC. The wearing of this crown reveals and gives a significant statement; as it was used as a symbol of coronation and legitimate pharaonic succession. According to the surviving evidence, Ptolemy was to be the intended heir and successor of Ptolemy II.
268:
401:. At an unknown date between after 279 BC-274/3 BC, Ptolemy's mother arrived in Egypt. Probably at the instigation of Arsinoe II, charges of conspiring to assassinate Ptolemy II were soon brought against Arsinoe I. Ptolemy II had convicted Arsinoe I of plotting against him. He ended his marriage to Arsinoe I and divorced her. Ptolemy II had exiled Arsinoe I to
326:
II, Ptolemy
Keraunos’ political position would be strengthened. As Ptolemy's uncle-stepfather was becoming too powerful, Arsinoe II conspired with her sons against him, while he was away on a campaign. Ptolemy Keraunos quickly retaliated by capturing Cassandreia and killing Ptolemy's brothers Lysimachus and Philip. Arsinoe II and Ptolemy were able to escape.
527:
Ptolemy had an extraordinary degree of autonomy and was loosely under the authority of the
Ptolemaic Pharaohs. Ptolemy had achieved substantial influence in Telmessos and in the surrounding local cities in the region. He established himself in Telmessos to the extent that he was mentioned in a decree
507:
He appeared to have caused the
Telmessians to issue coinage with types borrowed from the coinages of his father Lysimachus and with a monogram (ΠΤ) representing his own name, and to have made other internal dispensations in Telmessian institutions without apparent reference to his Ptolemaic suzerain.
408:
Ptolemy's mother married her brother, Ptolemy II. Arsinoe II died at an unknown date between July 270 BC-260 BC. Ptolemy II at some point after his mother's death had his children legally declared as the children of
Arsinoe II and had the sons of Arsinoe II legally declared as the children of Ptolemy
342:
who conducted a series of mass raids on mainland Greece. Ptolemy by then was the oldest and only surviving son of
Lysimachus. As the son and heir of the great Lysimachus, he seemed to be destined to be something more than a mere regional dynast after the assassination of half-brother Agathocles. His
412:
Ptolemy
Epigonos disappears from the historical records from the time of his failed attempt to reclaim the Macedonian throne till the death of Arsinoe II. According to surviving portraits, inscriptions, coinage and papyri, Ptolemy was made co-regent of the Ptolemaic Kingdom by Ptolemy II. There may
325:
The union between
Arsinoe II and Ptolemy Keraunos was purely political as they both claimed the Macedonian, Thracian thrones and by the time of Ptolemy father's death his power extended to southern Greece. Arsinoe II's marriage to her half-brother wasn't a happy one. Through his marriage to Arsinoe
484:
In his co-regency with
Ptolemy II and in particular his rule of Telmessos, Ptolemy re-established and continued the rule of the Lysimachid dynasty, which is also known as the Ptolemaic/Lysimachid dynasty in Lycia. The evidence below reveals that Ptolemy was in a semi-autonomous position typical of
543:
or levies on beams, grain, millet, pulse, sesame, wheat and other crops in
Telmessos. He levied orchard crops and the use of pasture land, taxies typical of Ptolemaic practices in Egypt. It is unknown how much time these agricultural levies lasted for and through Ptolemy's taxation reforms he was
464:
After the revolt had ended in 258 BC, Ptolemy II could have reconciled with
Ptolemy and probably may have forgiven him due to his fear of the growing power of the Seleucid Empire. Ptolemy II terminated Ptolemy's co-regency with him and made him renounce any claims he had to Egyptian throne. After
449:
was in charge of that city. For unknown reasons, Ptolemy with Timarchus led a revolt against Ptolemy II in 259/258 BC. It is possible that Ptolemy may have revolted against Ptolemy II because Ptolemy II may have wanted Ptolemy to hand over his command in Asia Minor to him. Ptolemy and Timarchus’
555:(the Sibling-loving Gods). At the death of Ptolemy, he was the last surviving child of the Diadoch Lysimachus. At an unknown date, perhaps during his co-regency with Ptolemy II or in his rule over Telmessos, Ptolemy married an unnamed Greek aristocratic woman by whom he had two sons:
424:
dated from November 267 BC, while the last dated reference from his co-regency is September 10, 259 BC. There is a possibility Ptolemy may have been betrothed to his maternal cousin-paternal niece-adopted sister Berenice. Ptolemy is shown as an adult on the
343:
new position as the heir apparent as one of the great empires of the early Hellenistic period didn't last long after the deaths of his father, Lysimachus, and uncle and stepfather, Ptolemy Keraunos, which lead to the complete dissolutions of their kingdoms.
318:, who was his mother's older paternal half-brother. Ptolemy Keraunos lived in his father Lysimachus' kingdom as a political exile and prior to marrying his mother had murdered Seleucus I in order to gain the power of his former protector and then rushed to
544:
honored with a decree. The taxation reforms for Telmessos was out of the ordinary for the citizens of the city and was a big shift from a complicated system of taxation and rents imposed by the Ptolemies that was elsewhere known in Asia Minor.
413:
have been several reasons why Ptolemy II made Ptolemy his co-regent: to relieve him of some of his duties; to have the remaining living child of Arsinoe II to have as a help rather than a burden and support for the
287:
after his mother. In 282 BC, his mother accused his half-brother Agathocles of treason and his father ordered the execution of Agathocles. After the death of his half-brother, Agathocles’ cousin-wife
606:. This also reveals his succession status and relations to the Ptolemaic Kingdom, the kingdom of his late father and being the brief heir to the kingdom of his mother and his uncle Ptolemy Keraunos.
354:, Ptolemy Epigonos tried unsuccessfully to recover Macedonia and again probably in 278 BC without success. He is mentioned as one of the claimants in the period of anarchy following the reign of
334:
Arsinoe II fled to Egypt to Ptolemy II for protection against Ptolemy Keraunos. Ptolemy Keraunos' brief reign ended in 279 BC as he was captured and killed during the
612:
or Ptolemy ‘the Son’, which he was known during his co-regency with Ptolemy II as he was the adopted son and supposed first intended heir of Ptolemy II.
1033:
994:
943:
868:
843:
818:
723:
346:
In the aftermath of the death of Ptolemy Keraunos chaos was brought to the Greek mainland. In this period 279 BC-277 BC, Ptolemy Epigonos fled to the
2450:
1100:
1058:
547:
Before he died in 240 BC, Ptolemy III honored Ptolemy in another decree in the city assuring the city still recognised the authority of the King in
461:
which was between the Ptolemaic Kingdom and the Seleucid Empire which resulted in war losses including Miletus being captured by Antiochus II.
2707:
571:
The identity of Ptolemy is perhaps the most confusing and controversial of Ptolemaic genealogy. Ptolemy is also identified as the following:
1514:
314:. In order to protect, secure Arsinoe II and her son's sovereignty and his father's kingdom, Ptolemy's mother married his maternal uncle
389:
to live with his relatives. Ptolemy II then was married to his only remaining paternal half-sister, Arsinoe I, by whom he had two sons,
2971:
221:
1394:
753:
1418:
898:
1406:
259:. Ptolemy was the namesake of his maternal grandfather and was the first grandchild born to Ptolemy I and his wife, Berenice I.
208:
and his paternal grandmother was an unnamed woman perhaps named Arsinoe. From his father's previous marriages and from an
2951:
369:
in 277 BC. After his victory, Antigonus II was recognised as Macedonian King and his power extended to southern Greece.
551:
and to Ptolemy's good care of the city. When Ptolemy died an honorific surviving inscription dedicated to him reads:
2946:
1507:
2631:
2523:
822:
335:
213:
170:
2712:
1135:
1104:
1062:
2772:
2758:
2626:
2611:
1766:
217:
154:
1438:
2956:
2916:
2621:
2606:
2581:
2558:
2538:
1037:
998:
947:
872:
847:
727:
1365:
1354:
1343:
1320:
1213:
1146:
706:
692:
681:
450:
revolt didn't help Ptolemy II's strategic planning in Asia Minor as in 258 BC, Timarchus was slain by the
239:
who married his father as his third wife and married him as her first husband. She was a daughter born to
2961:
2820:
2805:
2616:
2601:
2586:
2571:
2528:
2500:
1711:
1500:
303:
in 281 BC, Seleucus I defeated Lysimachus. Seleucus I added Asia Minor and part of Thrace to his empire.
299:. Seleucus I used this bitter dynastic succession feud as an opportunity to expand his dominions. In the
2636:
2591:
2566:
2543:
2513:
2334:
174:
1428:
2976:
2548:
2533:
2436:
2393:
2219:
1972:
1616:
398:
2966:
2863:
2795:
2781:
2776:
2767:
2753:
2739:
2729:
2596:
2518:
2446:
2431:
2398:
2388:
2264:
1977:
445:
in Asia Minor, to represent the Pharaoh in reporting political conditions back to him. The tyrant
2936:
2843:
2810:
2763:
2749:
2641:
2508:
2455:
2421:
2413:
2362:
2357:
2043:
1867:
1746:
1680:
1588:
1555:
1124:
556:
272:
248:
71:
2941:
2878:
2744:
2576:
2465:
2460:
2426:
2383:
2352:
2224:
2149:
2086:
2063:
1982:
1967:
1957:
1952:
1937:
1877:
1872:
1857:
1726:
1631:
1621:
1583:
794:
2904:
2899:
2883:
2853:
2719:
2485:
2441:
2378:
2174:
2164:
2111:
2106:
1962:
1942:
1932:
1927:
1912:
1902:
1862:
1741:
1736:
1716:
1706:
1690:
1685:
1550:
1184:
560:
420:
The earliest attested date for his co-regency with his maternal uncle-adopted father is from
390:
310:
part of his father's kingdom. After the death of his father, Arsinoe II and her sons fled to
75:
1021:
806:
385:
After his failed attempted to regain the Macedonian Kingdom, Ptolemy eventually went to the
2889:
2868:
2671:
2490:
2342:
1917:
1897:
1814:
1804:
1771:
1721:
1626:
1598:
1578:
1540:
446:
362:
359:
355:
300:
205:
1391:
757:
8:
2838:
2790:
2785:
2676:
2480:
2373:
2367:
2229:
1947:
1882:
1824:
1751:
1731:
1695:
1641:
1636:
1545:
1415:
902:
595:
394:
366:
319:
244:
201:
185:
1403:
377:
2858:
2289:
2141:
1852:
1842:
1809:
1646:
1565:
1523:
486:
454:
426:
292:
149:
2894:
2873:
2828:
2475:
2403:
2249:
1887:
1847:
1662:
1608:
1593:
386:
236:
197:
134:
66:
2981:
2651:
2470:
2121:
1907:
1700:
1675:
414:
315:
251:. Ptolemy I was another of the Diadochi who later founded the Ptolemaic dynasty of
229:
209:
2347:
2304:
2239:
2199:
2015:
1892:
1834:
1799:
1791:
1670:
1422:
1410:
1398:
451:
240:
536:
of Ptolemy, which was mentioned as one of the motivating factors in the decree.
2724:
2294:
2234:
1922:
1532:
107:
559:
who later succeeded him as the second Ptolemaic client ruler of Telmessos and
512:
at the head of the city government instead of the previous three and making a
2930:
2692:
2681:
2179:
2169:
2126:
2091:
1819:
252:
2734:
2697:
2661:
2314:
2299:
2214:
2154:
2116:
2096:
2081:
1756:
2274:
2269:
2209:
2194:
2131:
2076:
2053:
2048:
2023:
1761:
458:
311:
59:
2833:
2800:
2666:
2324:
2184:
2071:
2038:
2000:
1992:
640:
548:
307:
228:
and perhaps another unnamed sister who may have been the first wife of
166:
162:
95:
85:
1468:
Griechische Geschichte von den Anfängen bis in die römische Kaiserzeit
2702:
2686:
2319:
2309:
2284:
2254:
2159:
2101:
2033:
2028:
1781:
1776:
1651:
1573:
1492:
466:
256:
225:
2279:
2204:
2189:
591:
465:
this occurred, Ptolemy II gave Ptolemy a city in Asia Minor called
351:
288:
193:
181:
138:
130:
476:
2848:
2244:
442:
430:
421:
347:
339:
296:
280:
271:
Coin of Arsinoe II (struck under the rule of her husband-brother
37:
590:, he is known from an inscription at Telmessos. The sons of the
528:
honoring a certain Leimon son of Antipater, who is said to be a
2259:
1439:"Ptolemy 'the Son' Reconsidered_ Are there too many Ptolemies?"
517:
513:
509:
189:
126:
1459:
The administration of the Ptolemaic possessions outside Egypt
523:
After he died, Ptolemy had descendants ruling over Telmessos.
470:
493:
He remained subordinate loyal to Ptolemy II and Ptolemy III.
322:
where he had himself acclaimed king by the Macedonian army.
267:
16:
3rd century BCE Greek prince, son of the Diadochi Lysamachus
1185:
Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy "the Son", Footnotes 3 & 4
539:
Ptolemy changed the payment to the tenth of the produce on
402:
329:
255:
and Berenice I was the great-niece of the powerful regent
553:
Ptolemy son of Ptolemy and Arsinoe the Theoi Philadelphoi
819:"Ptolemaic Genealogy: Unknown wife of Ptolemy Ceraunus"
1477:
Kings and colonists: aspects of Macedonian imperialism
1059:"Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy II, Footnotes 8 & 9"
982:
Kings and colonists: aspects of Macedonian imperialism
969:
Kings and colonists: aspects of Macedonian imperialism
844:"Ptolemaic Genealogy: Arsinoe II, Footnotes 4 & 5"
663:
Kings and colonists: aspects of Macedonian imperialism
441:
In 262/261 BC, Ptolemy II sent Ptolemy to the city of
372:
1355:
Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy "the Son", Footnote 10.1
504:, for honors and altered the tax burden of Telmessos.
1136:
Ptolemy Genealogy: Berenice Phernophorus, Footnote 3
1321:
Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy "the Son", Footnote 12
707:
Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy "the Son", Footnote 11
1344:Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy "the Son", Footnote 1
1214:Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy "the Son", Footnote 4
1147:Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy "the Son", Footnote 3
693:Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy "the Son", Footnote 6
682:Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy "the Son", Footnote 9
436:
169:. Ptolemy had two younger full-blooded brothers:
2928:
657:
655:
417:which began at the beginning of the co-regency.
212:, Ptolemy had two older paternal half-brothers:
381:Coin of Ptolemy II Philadelphus and Arsinoe II.
1241:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1034:"Ptolemaic Genealogy: Arsinoe II, Footnote 15"
618:, refers to his relationship with Ptolemy III.
1508:
1292:
1290:
1101:"Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy II, Footnote 8"
995:"Ptolemaic Genealogy: Arsinoe II, Footnote 8"
944:"Ptolemaic Genealogy: Arsinoe II, Footnote 7"
724:"Ptolemaic Genealogy: Arsinoe II, Footnote 6"
652:
624:, this was his title when he ruled Telmessos.
1156:
1154:
1017:
1015:
204:, a nobleman who was a contemporary to King
1230:
1125:Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy II, Footnote 9
1515:
1501:
1446:Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik
1287:
1194:
1192:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1022:Britannica Online Encyclopedia – Arsinoe I
778:
776:
774:
1151:
1012:
938:
936:
893:
891:
889:
1465:
1209:
1207:
782:
748:
746:
744:
718:
716:
714:
702:
700:
475:
376:
330:Attempted claim of the Macedonian throne
266:
148:
1474:
1456:
1376:
1331:
1308:
1296:
1281:
1269:
1245:
1224:
1189:
1076:
923:
921:
919:
771:
677:
675:
673:
671:
480:Hellenistic rock-cut tombs at Telmessus
2929:
1522:
1366:Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy "the Son"
933:
886:
630:or simply, Ptolemy, son of Lysimachus.
125:, 299/298 BC – February 240 BC) was a
2447:Mithridates IV Philopator Philadephos
1496:
1483:
1436:
1257:
1204:
1198:
1172:
1160:
1087:
927:
807:Ptolemaic Genealogy: Ptolemy Ceraunus
741:
711:
697:
578:, also known as Ptolemy the Epigone,
220:and two older paternal half-sisters:
2915:Hellenistic rulers were preceded by
916:
899:"Arsinoe II's article at Livius.org"
668:
306:His mother only held control of the
144:
754:"Lysimachus' article at Livius.org"
429:, where he is depicted wearing the
373:Co-regency of the Ptolemaic Kingdom
13:
1416:Arsinoe II’s article at Livius.org
1404:Berenice I's article at Livius.org
520:magistracy instead of the archons.
180:His father Lysimachus, one of the
161:Ptolemy was the first son born to
14:
2993:
2972:Pharaohs of the Ptolemaic dynasty
1486:A History of the Ptolemaic Empire
1392:Lysimachus’ article at Livius.org
869:"Ptolemaic Genealogy: Arsinoe II"
247:and was a sister to the Pharaoh
1385:
1370:
1359:
1348:
1337:
1325:
1314:
1302:
1275:
1263:
1251:
1218:
1178:
1166:
1140:
1129:
1118:
1093:
1051:
1026:
987:
974:
961:
861:
836:
811:
598:were widely referred to as the
566:
283:, which was renamed for a time
279:Ptolemy was born and raised in
200:. His paternal grandfather was
800:
788:
686:
437:Revolt and rule over Telmessos
350:. With the help of their King
336:Gallic invasion of the Balkans
1:
2919:in most of their territories.
1717:Cleopatra II Philometor Soter
646:
262:
235:His mother Arsinoe II, was a
155:Ephesus Archaeological Museum
48:
32:
1437:Tunny, Jennifer Ann (2000).
291:with their children fled to
7:
1712:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
634:
10:
2998:
2952:3rd-century BC Macedonians
153:Bust of Lysimachus at the
2913:
2819:
2650:
2557:
2499:
2412:
2333:
2140:
2062:
2014:
1991:
1833:
1790:
1661:
1617:Antigonus I Monophthalmus
1607:
1564:
1531:
457:during the course of the
358:. The chaos lasted until
111:
91:
81:
65:
55:
43:
28:
21:
1978:Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
1777:Cleopatra VII Philopator
2947:3rd-century BC pharaohs
2775:'s attempted rule with
2456:Mithridates V Euergetes
1868:Antiochus III the Great
1681:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
1622:Demetrius I Poliorcetes
1546:Alexander III the Great
1272:, pp. 109, 228–229
1227:, p. 103 & 229
557:Lysimachus of Telmessos
273:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
249:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
2559:Monarchs of Cappadocia
2461:Mithridates VI Eupator
1983:Philip II Philoromaeus
1968:Antiochus XII Dionysus
1958:Demetrius III Eucaerus
1953:Antiochus XI Epiphanes
1938:Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
1878:Antiochus IV Epiphanes
1873:Seleucus IV Philopator
1858:Seleucus II Callinicus
1757:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
1632:Demetrius II Aetolicus
1475:Billows, R.A. (1995).
1457:Bagnall, R.S. (1976).
481:
382:
276:
158:
2501:Monarchs of Commagene
2422:Mithridates I Ctistes
1963:Philip I Philadelphus
1943:Seleucus VI Epiphanes
1933:Antiochus VIII Grypus
1928:Seleucus V Philometor
1913:Antiochus VII Sidetes
1903:Antiochus VI Dionysus
1863:Seleucus III Ceraunus
1762:Berenice IV Epiphanea
1707:Ptolemy VI Philometor
1691:Ptolemy IV Philopator
1686:Ptolemy III Euergetes
1551:Philip III Arrhidaeus
1466:Bengtson, H. (1977).
1427:Christopher Bennett,
628:Ptolemaios Lysimachou
616:Ptolemy ‘the Brother’
561:Epigonos of Telmessos
479:
391:Ptolemy III Euergetes
380:
270:
152:
112:Πτολεμαίος ὁ Έπίγονος
24:Πτολεμαίος ὁ Έπίγονος
2335:Monarchs of Bithynia
1918:Alexander II Zabinas
1898:Demetrius II Nicator
1815:Ptolemy VIII Physcon
1782:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
1747:Ptolemy XI Alexander
1722:Ptolemy VIII Physcon
1627:Antigonus II Gonatas
622:Ptolemy of Telmessos
360:Antigonus II Gonatas
301:Battle of Corupedium
206:Philip II of Macedon
2957:Ancient Thessalians
2917:Hellenistic satraps
1948:Antiochus X Eusebes
1883:Antiochus V Eupator
1825:Cleopatra Selene II
1752:Ptolemy XII Auletes
1737:Ptolemy X Alexander
1732:Ptolemy IX Lathyros
1696:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
1637:Antigonus III Doson
1430:Ptolemaic Genealogy
596:Alexander the Great
487:Hellenistic dynasts
405:in southern Egypt.
245:Berenice I of Egypt
202:Agathocles of Pella
186:Alexander the Great
115:Ptolemaios Epigonos
2962:Hellenistic Thrace
2821:Monarchs of Epirus
2654:Cimmerian Bosporus
2414:Monarchs of Pontus
1973:Cleopatra Selene I
1853:Antiochus II Theos
1843:Seleucus I Nicator
1810:Demetrius the Fair
1792:Monarchs of Cyrene
1484:Hölbl, G. (2001).
1421:2016-04-20 at the
1409:2016-03-17 at the
1397:2014-04-23 at the
1311:, pp. 106–107
1248:, pp. 101–102
482:
455:Antiochus II Theos
427:Great Mendes Stela
397:, and a daughter,
383:
367:Lysimachia, Thrace
363:defeated the Gauls
293:Seleucus I Nicator
277:
237:Ptolemaic princess
210:Odrysian concubine
159:
2924:
2923:
2404:Socrates Chrestus
1893:Alexander I Balas
1888:Demetrius I Soter
1848:Antiochus I Soter
1594:Antipater Etesias
496:He recommended a
459:Second Syrian War
387:Ptolemaic Kingdom
145:Family background
101:
100:
22:Ptolemy Epigonos
2989:
2977:Anatolian Greeks
2716:
2632:Ariobarzanes III
2006:Ptolemy Epigonos
1908:Diodotus Tryphon
1701:Cleopatra I Syra
1676:Ptolemy Keraunos
1517:
1510:
1503:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1480:
1471:
1462:
1453:
1443:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1363:
1357:
1352:
1346:
1341:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1318:
1312:
1306:
1300:
1294:
1285:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1243:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1211:
1202:
1196:
1187:
1182:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1163:, pp. 89–90
1158:
1149:
1144:
1138:
1133:
1127:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1103:. Archived from
1097:
1091:
1085:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1061:. Archived from
1055:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1036:. Archived from
1030:
1024:
1019:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1006:
997:. Archived from
991:
985:
978:
972:
965:
959:
958:
956:
955:
946:. Archived from
940:
931:
930:, pp. 35–36
925:
914:
913:
911:
910:
901:. Archived from
895:
884:
883:
881:
880:
871:. Archived from
865:
859:
858:
856:
855:
846:. Archived from
840:
834:
833:
831:
830:
821:. Archived from
815:
809:
804:
798:
792:
786:
780:
769:
768:
766:
765:
756:. Archived from
750:
739:
738:
736:
735:
726:. Archived from
720:
709:
704:
695:
690:
684:
679:
666:
659:
415:Chremonidean War
348:Illyrian Kingdom
316:Ptolemy Keraunos
230:Ptolemy Keraunos
113:
104:Ptolemy Epigonos
50:
34:
19:
18:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2967:Ptolemaic court
2927:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2909:
2815:
2806:Mithridates III
2710:
2653:
2652:Monarchs of the
2646:
2627:Ariobarzanes II
2612:Ariarathes VIII
2553:
2539:Mithridates III
2495:
2437:Mithridates III
2408:
2329:
2136:
2064:Greco-Bactrians
2058:
2010:
1987:
1829:
1786:
1671:Ptolemy I Soter
1657:
1603:
1560:
1527:
1521:
1441:
1423:Wayback Machine
1411:Wayback Machine
1399:Wayback Machine
1388:
1383:
1375:
1371:
1364:
1360:
1353:
1349:
1342:
1338:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1315:
1307:
1303:
1295:
1288:
1280:
1276:
1268:
1264:
1256:
1252:
1244:
1231:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1205:
1197:
1190:
1183:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1141:
1134:
1130:
1123:
1119:
1110:
1108:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1086:
1077:
1068:
1066:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1043:
1041:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1020:
1013:
1004:
1002:
993:
992:
988:
979:
975:
966:
962:
953:
951:
942:
941:
934:
926:
917:
908:
906:
897:
896:
887:
878:
876:
867:
866:
862:
853:
851:
842:
841:
837:
828:
826:
817:
816:
812:
805:
801:
793:
789:
781:
772:
763:
761:
752:
751:
742:
733:
731:
722:
721:
712:
705:
698:
691:
687:
680:
669:
660:
653:
649:
637:
576:Ptolemy Epigone
569:
439:
375:
365:in battle near
332:
265:
241:Ptolemy I Soter
147:
74:
36:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2995:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2937:290s BC births
2922:
2921:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2864:Neoptolemus II
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2825:
2823:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2779:
2770:
2761:
2759:Mithridates II
2756:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2725:Paerisades III
2722:
2717:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2658:
2656:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2622:Ariobarzanes I
2619:
2614:
2609:
2607:Ariarathes VII
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2582:Ariarathes III
2579:
2574:
2569:
2563:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2529:Mithridates II
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2505:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2432:Mithridates II
2429:
2424:
2418:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2339:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2295:Apollodotus II
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2146:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2068:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2020:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1923:Cleopatra Thea
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1839:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1796:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1667:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1613:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1570:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1537:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1520:
1519:
1512:
1505:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1481:
1472:
1463:
1454:
1434:
1425:
1413:
1401:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1381:
1369:
1358:
1347:
1336:
1324:
1313:
1301:
1286:
1274:
1262:
1250:
1229:
1217:
1203:
1188:
1177:
1165:
1150:
1139:
1128:
1117:
1092:
1075:
1050:
1025:
1011:
986:
973:
960:
932:
915:
885:
860:
835:
810:
799:
787:
770:
740:
710:
696:
685:
667:
650:
648:
645:
644:
643:
636:
633:
632:
631:
625:
619:
613:
607:
568:
565:
525:
524:
521:
505:
494:
438:
435:
374:
371:
331:
328:
264:
261:
188:, was King of
146:
143:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
69:
63:
62:
57:
53:
52:
45:
41:
40:
30:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2994:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2942:240 BC deaths
2940:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2918:
2912:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2844:Neoptolemus I
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2818:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2740:Mithridates I
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2730:Paerisades IV
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2714:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2693:Paerisades II
2691:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2682:Spartokos III
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2649:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2617:Ariarathes IX
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2602:Ariarathes VI
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2587:Ariarathes IV
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2572:Ariarathes II
2570:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2544:Antiochus III
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2519:Mithridates I
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2394:Nicomedes III
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2225:Demetrius III
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2180:Antimachus II
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2170:Apollodotus I
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2139:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2127:Eucratides II
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2092:Euthydemus II
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2013:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1820:Ptolemy Apion
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1727:Cleopatra III
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1606:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1518:
1513:
1511:
1506:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1440:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1379:, p. 101
1378:
1373:
1367:
1362:
1356:
1351:
1345:
1340:
1334:, p. 110
1333:
1328:
1322:
1317:
1310:
1305:
1299:, p. 109
1298:
1293:
1291:
1284:, p. 229
1283:
1278:
1271:
1266:
1259:
1254:
1247:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1226:
1221:
1215:
1210:
1208:
1200:
1195:
1193:
1186:
1181:
1174:
1169:
1162:
1157:
1155:
1148:
1143:
1137:
1132:
1126:
1121:
1107:on 2021-03-02
1106:
1102:
1096:
1089:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1065:on 2021-03-02
1064:
1060:
1054:
1040:on 2021-01-26
1039:
1035:
1029:
1023:
1018:
1016:
1001:on 2021-01-26
1000:
996:
990:
983:
977:
970:
964:
950:on 2021-01-26
949:
945:
939:
937:
929:
924:
922:
920:
905:on 2016-04-20
904:
900:
894:
892:
890:
875:on 2021-01-26
874:
870:
864:
850:on 2021-01-26
849:
845:
839:
825:on 2019-10-29
824:
820:
814:
808:
803:
796:
791:
785:, p. 569
784:
783:Bengtson 1977
779:
777:
775:
760:on 2014-04-23
759:
755:
749:
747:
745:
730:on 2021-01-26
729:
725:
719:
717:
715:
708:
703:
701:
694:
689:
683:
678:
676:
674:
672:
664:
658:
656:
651:
642:
639:
638:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
608:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
574:
573:
572:
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
545:
542:
537:
535:
531:
522:
519:
515:
511:
506:
503:
499:
495:
492:
491:
490:
488:
478:
474:
472:
468:
462:
460:
456:
453:
452:Seleucid King
448:
444:
434:
432:
428:
423:
418:
416:
410:
406:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
379:
370:
368:
364:
361:
357:
353:
349:
344:
341:
337:
327:
323:
321:
317:
313:
309:
304:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
274:
269:
260:
258:
254:
253:Ancient Egypt
250:
246:
242:
238:
233:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
178:
176:
172:
168:
164:
156:
151:
142:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
109:
105:
97:
94:
90:
87:
84:
80:
77:
73:
70:
68:
64:
61:
58:
54:
47:240 BC (aged
46:
42:
39:
31:
27:
20:
2879:Alexander II
2735:Paerisades V
2698:Spartokos IV
2662:Paerisades I
2637:Ariarathes X
2592:Ariarathes V
2567:Ariarathes I
2549:Antiochus IV
2534:Antiochus II
2466:Pharnaces II
2427:Ariobarzanes
2399:Nicomedes IV
2389:Nicomedes II
2315:Apollophanes
2300:Hippostratos
2215:Heliokles II
2175:Demetrius II
2155:Antimachus I
2117:Eucratides I
2112:Demetrius II
2097:Antimachus I
2082:Euthydemus I
2005:
1767:Ptolemy XIII
1742:Berenice III
1589:Antipater II
1556:Alexander IV
1488:. Routledge.
1485:
1476:
1467:
1458:
1449:
1445:
1429:
1386:Bibliography
1377:Bagnall 1976
1372:
1361:
1350:
1339:
1332:Bagnall 1976
1327:
1316:
1309:Bagnall 1976
1304:
1297:Bagnall 1976
1282:Bagnall 1976
1277:
1270:Bagnall 1976
1265:
1260:, p. 88
1253:
1246:Billows 1995
1225:Billows 1995
1220:
1201:, p. 87
1180:
1175:, p. 86
1168:
1142:
1131:
1120:
1109:. Retrieved
1105:the original
1095:
1090:, p. 84
1067:. Retrieved
1063:the original
1053:
1042:. Retrieved
1038:the original
1028:
1003:. Retrieved
999:the original
989:
981:
976:
968:
963:
952:. Retrieved
948:the original
907:. Retrieved
903:the original
877:. Retrieved
873:the original
863:
852:. Retrieved
848:the original
838:
827:. Retrieved
823:the original
813:
802:
790:
762:. Retrieved
758:the original
732:. Retrieved
728:the original
688:
662:
627:
621:
615:
610:Ptolemy Nios
609:
603:
599:
587:
583:
579:
575:
570:
567:His identity
552:
546:
540:
538:
533:
529:
526:
508:He made one
501:
497:
483:
463:
440:
419:
411:
407:
384:
345:
333:
324:
305:
284:
278:
234:
179:
160:
129:Prince from
122:
118:
114:
103:
102:
2900:Pyrrhus III
2884:Olympias II
2854:Alexander I
2711: [
2708:Spartokos V
2577:Ariamnes II
2524:Antiochus I
2486:Pythodorida
2442:Pharnaces I
2363:Zipoetes II
2358:Nicomedes I
2275:Artemidoros
2270:Menander II
2210:Antialcidas
2195:Agathokleia
2150:Demetrius I
2142:Indo-Greeks
2132:Heliocles I
2087:Demetrius I
2077:Diodotus II
2054:Eumenes III
2049:Attalus III
2024:Philetaerus
1993:Lysimachids
1805:Berenice II
1772:Ptolemy XIV
1654:(pretender)
1584:Alexander V
1566:Antipatrids
1524:Hellenistic
1470:. C.H.Beck.
1433:(2001-2013)
586:) i.e. the
312:Cassandreia
133:who was of
60:Agesistrata
2931:Categories
2890:Pyrrhus II
2869:Alcetas II
2834:Tharrhypas
2801:Gepaepyris
2773:Scribonius
2667:Satyros II
2597:Orophernes
2509:Ptolemaeus
2491:Polemon II
2384:Prusias II
2353:Zipoetes I
2325:Strato III
2250:Theophilos
2230:Philoxenus
2185:Menander I
2165:Agathocles
2107:Agathocles
2072:Diodotus I
2044:Attalus II
2039:Eumenes II
2001:Lysimachus
1609:Antigonids
1258:Tunny 2000
1199:Tunny 2000
1173:Tunny 2000
1161:Tunny 2000
1111:2019-10-21
1088:Tunny 2000
1069:2019-10-21
1044:2019-10-21
1005:2019-10-21
954:2019-10-21
928:Hölbl 2001
909:2020-03-26
879:2019-10-21
854:2019-10-21
829:2019-10-21
764:2020-03-26
734:2019-10-21
647:References
641:Aristander
549:Alexandria
395:Lysimachus
320:Lysimachia
263:Early life
214:Agathocles
194:Asia Minor
171:Lysimachus
167:Arsinoe II
163:Lysimachus
139:Thessalian
135:Macedonian
131:Asia Minor
96:Arsinoe II
86:Lysimachus
72:Lysimachus
2874:Pyrrhus I
2839:Alcetas I
2745:Pharnaces
2720:Kamasarye
2703:Leukon II
2687:Hygiainon
2642:Archelaus
2481:Polemon I
2379:Prusias I
2320:Strato II
2310:Zoilos II
2305:Dionysios
2285:Archebius
2255:Peukolaos
2220:Polyxenos
2160:Pantaleon
2102:Pantaleon
2034:Attalus I
2029:Eumenes I
1835:Seleucids
1663:Ptolemies
1652:Philip VI
1599:Sosthenes
1579:Philip IV
1574:Cassander
1541:Philip II
980:Billows,
967:Billows,
795:Pausanias
661:Billows,
604:the heirs
518:eponymous
467:Telmessos
447:Timarchus
356:Sosthenes
257:Antipater
226:Arsinoe I
218:Alexander
198:Macedonia
141:descent.
121:i.e. the
2905:Deidamia
2886:(regent)
2859:Aeacides
2796:Aspurgus
2689:(regent)
2672:Prytanis
2514:Sames II
2370:(regent)
2343:Boteiras
2290:Telephos
2280:Hermaeus
2235:Diomedes
2205:Strato I
2190:Zoilos I
2016:Attalids
1703:(regent)
1642:Philip V
1479:. Brill.
1461:. Brill.
1452:: 83–92.
1419:Archived
1407:Archived
1395:Archived
635:See also
600:Epigonoi
592:Diadochi
584:Epigonos
541:apomeira
399:Berenice
352:Monunios
289:Lysandra
285:Arsinoea
222:Eurydice
182:Diadochi
119:Epigonos
76:Epigonus
2982:Lycians
2895:Ptolemy
2849:Arybbas
2829:Admetus
2811:Cotys I
2791:Polemon
2786:Polemon
2782:Dynamis
2777:Dynamis
2768:Dynamis
2764:Asander
2754:Dynamis
2750:Asander
2677:Eumelos
2476:Arsaces
2451:Laodice
2374:Ziaelas
2368:Etazeta
2245:Epander
2240:Amyntas
1647:Perseus
1533:Argeads
984:, p.101
971:, p.100
665:, p.110
580:Epigone
514:hiereus
443:Miletus
431:pharaoh
340:Bolgios
338:led by
297:Babylon
281:Ephesus
38:Ephesus
2471:Darius
2265:Nicias
2260:Thraso
2200:Lysias
1526:rulers
797:1.10.4
534:friend
530:philos
510:archon
502:friend
498:philos
422:papyri
403:Coptos
308:Aegean
190:Thrace
175:Philip
92:Mother
82:Father
56:Spouse
35:299 BC
2784:with
2766:with
2752:with
2715:]
2449:with
2122:Plato
1800:Magas
1442:(PDF)
471:Lycia
127:Greek
108:Greek
67:Issue
588:heir
516:the
489::
485:the
409:II.
393:and
243:and
196:and
173:and
165:and
137:and
123:heir
44:Died
29:Born
2348:Bas
1450:131
602:or
594:of
532:or
500:or
469:in
295:in
184:of
51:59)
2933::
2713:ru
1448:.
1444:.
1289:^
1232:^
1206:^
1191:^
1153:^
1078:^
1014:^
935:^
918:^
888:^
773:^
743:^
713:^
699:^
670:^
654:^
563:.
232:.
224:,
216:,
192:,
177:.
117:,
110::
49:c.
33:c.
1516:e
1509:t
1502:v
1114:.
1072:.
1047:.
1008:.
957:.
912:.
882:.
857:.
832:.
767:.
737:.
582:(
275:)
157:.
106:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
