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Public Schools Athletic League

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league, and also solicited contributions from prominent benefactors. The league was organized into 22 districts (expanded to 25 by 1910), in which each district league administered athletic programs for elementary and high schools within their district. One member of each district league served on the Elementary Games committee and one member of each district league served on the High School Games committee. These committees governed all general matters pertaining to the league. Championships were held at the district, borough, and city levels. By 1914, the Board of Education was fully funding the PSAL.
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leagues continued to run the football championships for a couple or so years. In the fall of 1905, the New York newspapers began crowning schools with the titular "Greater New York" championship in football. This procedure lasted until about the fall of 1913, when the number of football contenders made it impossible to schedule sufficient games to decide on one champion. Finally, the PSAL began sponsoring football competition by boroughs in the fall of 1919, but no official championships were recognized. The newspapers crowned the borough champions in football.
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which rivaled Clinton in basketball, swimming, and track and field, and Commerce, which rivaled Clinton in basketball and football. Townsend Harris produced more than its share of swimming championships. In Brooklyn, Manual Training succeeded Long Island League alumnus Brooklyn Boys' as the borough's power. Another Long Island League alumnus, Erasmus Hall, emerged as a football and swimming power. In the 1920s, New Utrecht take most of the indoor and outdoor titles.
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field championship, won by Brooklyn Boys. Each year thereafter the high school league expanded by adding citywide championships in additional sports. In the school year of 1906–07, cross country and soccer was added, and the 1907–08 school year saw the addition of rifle marksmanship, swimming, tennis, and baseball. The expanded activity of the PSAL served to kill off all the previous leagues by 1908.
122:. It was founded in 1903 to provide and maintain a sports program for students enrolled in New York City public schools. It is the oldest and largest sports league in the United States. The PSAL serves both boys and girls. The PSAL holds competitions in a wide range of indoor and outdoor sports in fall, winter and spring seasons. In 2007, the league included 185 schools involving nearly 2,400 teams. 204:
there was much unsportsmanlike conduct and dishonesty on the playing fields. Only a small percentage of actual students participated in athletics. He saw a serious need for reform and devised a grandiose plan to form a new league—the PSAL—that would involve most of the student population, grade school and high school, and working with two influential New Yorkers—General
635:, claiming that the NYCDOE provided inadequate opportunities for female high school sports compared to those for males. The complaint alleged many public high schools in the city did not offer any girls teams in several sports, a violation of Title IX. Other urban school districts involved in the suit included those of 227:
Rowing was added in the spring of 1907, and several schools, mainly Commerce and Clinton, competed each Memorial Day in the Harlem Regatta. The schools had difficulty getting the use of shells, however, and in 1915 the PSAL withdrew sponsorship. In the 1909–10, lacrosse was added and, after World War
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against the PSAL, alleging that they were in violation of Title XI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The complaint included dozens of charts that illustrated students who attend schools with the highest percentages of students of color had the fewest opportunities to participate in PSAL sports, while
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as director of physical training for the New York public school system. Compared to other major cities, the athletics program for the New York boroughs were backwards, underdeveloped, and rife with corruption. Gulick found "semi-truant" boys playing baseball for schools they did not attend, and that
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The premier athletic powers in the league were spread over the boroughs and in the different sports. In the Bronx one of the premier powers was DeWitt Clinton, which took more than its share of trophies in the basketball, swimming, track and field, tennis, and football. In Manhattan was Stuyvesant,
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on December 26, 1903. It involved 1,040 boys, mostly elementary school students, in basketball and track and field events. Among the high schools, Commerce won the track and field meet and Flushing won the basketball tournament. In the spring, the league held its first outdoor high school track and
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Queens produced Jamaica (in ice hockey and rifle marksmanship), Richmond Hill (in golf), and Flushing (in cross country and track and field). Besides Clinton, the Bronx could boast of Morris, which dominated rifle marksmanship early on and took several national championships, and also did well in
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Football was not a part of the league's program in its early years. The PSAL chose not to sponsor football, because the intent of the league was to involve the average athlete in athletics, and football was considered a sport for athletic elites. The Long Island, Metropolitan, and various borough
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released a report titled "Making the Team: Gender Inequality in New York City PSAL Sports Teams." The report stated "all types of high schools favored boys sport teams opportunities" and that "the PSAL sports schedule discriminated against girls." It also stated that several women's sports were
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Although the PSAL received sanction by the board of education, it was set up as a private corporation that would not receive public tax money. The founders of the league recruited the businessmen of New York City to serve on the league's board of directors and also become paying members of the
1453:"Suit says city's puny girls' sports programs violate law: National Women's Law Center charges that New York City schools fail to provide adequate opportunities for girls to play sports, in violation of federal Title IX regulations" 664:
At a May 28, 2014, City Council budget hearing, 100 students wearing jerseys inside out presented Deputy Chancellor Grimm with thousands of petitions demanding equitable access to the PSAL for students of color.
212:(secretary of the Amateur Athletic Union)—presented it in October 1903 to the superintendent of schools, William H. Maxwell. He, with the concurrence of the school board, approved of Gulick's plan. 672:
alleging that the PSAL continued to violate Title XI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 by not providing students of color with equitable access to a diverse range of PSAL sports teams.
643:. In 2015, the ensuing federal investigation concluded that the NYCDOE violated Title IX by failing to provide an equal opportunity for female students to participate in sports. 240:
soccer and tennis. Evander Childs did well in golf, rifle, swimming, and tennis. On Staten Island (Richmond Borough), Curtis became a power in cross country, golf, and soccer.
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scheduled during the "off-season" of that sport, while the men's counterparts played during the traditional season. The report alleged that the PSAL was in violation of
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During the 2014–15 school year, the PSAL distributed approximately $ 27 million to fund over 45,000 student-athletes at hundreds of New York City schools.
1565: 619:. In 2009 the PSAL moved girls' soccer from the spring to the fall season, lining up with the boys' soccer season, after the threat of a lawsuit from the 1678: 1452: 1933: 1546: 1289: 160: 1257: 727: 1480: 2174: 1423: 1703: 1657: 1622: 1175: 2159: 2032: 2004: 1693: 1683: 1642: 1688: 1723: 1104: 963: 917: 824: 1698: 1662: 1093: 840: 776: 1631: 1380: 651: 632: 1834: 1816: 1040: 1788: 1481:"New York City Schools to Add Girls' Sports Teams: Federal investigation finds city public schools violated Title IX" 1361: 1347: 1025: 899: 186: 168: 1848: 1508: 1938: 1747: 1615: 2101: 1948: 1943: 1770: 1400: 624: 620: 244: 164: 1928: 1062: 604: 2048: 1742: 742: 676: 1964: 845: 1999: 1608: 1230: 1182: 975: 812: 1188: 199:
The genesis of the Public Schools Athletic League (PSAL) came from the appointment in early 1903 of
1314: 616: 149: 1396:"NYCLU Agreement: New York City Agrees to End Discrimination and Move Girls Soccer Season to Fall" 628: 153: 926:(1948) – former college basketball player, banned by the NBA for his involvement in fixing games 2111: 1798: 1577:
Set Back by Hardship, a Student Athlete Runs Up Against an Age Restriction - The New York Times
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In Schools Where Sports May Be Most Vital, New York City Offers Least Help - The New York Times
1237: 1123: 1086: 938:(1959) – former NBA player, has the longest game winning shot in a professional basketball game 923: 768: 669: 668:
In November 2014, Garcia-Rosen filed a second complaint with the US Department of Education's
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Listed below are PSAL students who are/were involved in professional or college athletics.
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In May 2014, the founder of the Small Schools Athletic League, David Garcia-Rosen, filed a
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http://www.nyc.gov/html/records/pdf/govpub/2730making_the_team_psal_report_august_2006.pdf
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In the late 1920s and early 1930s, new athletic powers came, such as Jefferson, Textile,
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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The following is a list of the sports that the PSAL currently runs under its program.
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of the 1930s cut somewhat into the PSAL program, and some sports were discontinued.
2137: 1868: 1652: 1428: 929: 466: 342: 248: 1874: 247:, Monroe, and Madison. Handball and fencing were added to the league program. The 26: 2131: 1327: 1300: 1281: 1144: 947: 908: 883: 750: 1898: 1880: 1856: 1265: 1222: 1203: 1114: 1110: 1100: 1054: 1048: 987: 959: 953: 935: 871: 830: 759:(1989) – professional pool player, No. 1 ranked female pool player in the world 543: 1277: 118:, is an organization that promotes student athletics in the public schools of 2153: 1826: 1708: 1296: 1243: 1197: 1119: 1070: 913: 820: 805: 797: 607: 569: 538: 396: 119: 81: 932:(1950) – former MLB player, first Dominican to play in Major League Baseball 2096: 1886: 1249: 1209: 1155: 1134: 1082: 1076: 1032: 1017: 981: 969: 904: 889: 855: 836: 756: 647: 512: 506: 501: 347: 332: 1073:(1981) – former MLB player, 6× MLB All Star and 1987 World Series Champion 1566:
Sports system neglects poor, minority students: complaint - NY Daily News
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called the PSAL's response to this complaint a "statistical delusion."
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the schools with the most white students had as many as 44 PSAL teams.
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I, golf, handball, fall rifle marksmanship, and ice hockey were added.
1137:(1962) – former MLB player, 1× All Star and 1969 World Series Champion 1904: 1780: 1734: 993: 762: 679:, alleging that the PSAL's age rules are "arbitrary and capricious." 579: 527: 337: 278: 996:(1974) – former NBA player, first Puerto Rican player in NBA history 675:
On November 20, 2014, student-athlete Jason Puello sued the PSAL in
138: 1757: 1547:"In the Biggest City, A Fight over Sports for the Smallest Schools" 1305: 1299:(1946) – former college basketball player, first round pick by the 612: 574: 564: 391: 361: 1308:(1948) – former college basketball player, banned for life by the 1509:"Feds Find Discrimination Against Female Athletes in NYC Schools" 1424:"Study finds BK girls getting shortchanged in high school sports" 852:, first black basketball player to be selected as an All American 640: 636: 548: 532: 436: 366: 298: 283: 1051:(1980) – former MLB player, joined the NYPD after his MLB career 1808: 1551: 1217: 461: 456: 401: 308: 1213: 584: 1014:(1999) – professional track athlete, Olympic Silver Medalist 944:(1960) – professional weightlifter and shot-putter, Olympian 1513: 1085:(2006) – former MLB player, represented Puerto Rico at the 553: 451: 376: 1268:(dropped out in 1947) – former MLB player, 9× MLB All Star 1035:(1925) – former NFL player, shortest player in NFL history 874:(1934) – professional basketball player, 1942 ABL Champion 1630: 1376: 1374: 1309: 1348:"Money game: How much do high schools spend on sports?" 219:
The league began with an athletic extravaganza held at
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Money game: How much do high schools spend on sports?
868:, member of the New York City Basketball Hall of Fame 1794:
HS for Math, Science and Engineering at City College
1057:(1984) – former NBA player and current college coach 880:(1935) – former MLB player, 5× World Series Champion 2165:
High school sports associations in New York (state)
1385: 1246:(1935) – former NBL and ABL player, 2× ABL Champion 978:(1969) – former NBA player, Olympic Silver Medalist 839:(1919) – former basketball player and coach of the 1934:Council of School Supervisors & Administrators 1326:(1979) – former basketball player, drafted by the 1280:(2000) – former basketball player, Drafted by the 984:(1971) – former NBA player, 1st Round Pick in 1975 990:(1973) – former NBA player, Olympic Gold Medalist 2151: 1079:(1983) – former NFL player and current NFL coach 1131:(1952) – former NBA player, 1957 NCAA Champion 956:(1964) – former ABA player, 1966 NCAA Champion 737:(1981) – former NBA player, 1985 NCAA Champion 208:(a member of the City Board of Education) and 1616: 1212:(2007) – former basketball player, played in 1240:(1905) – former MLB player and college coach 1200:(2000) – former Arena Football League player 598: 2170:Sports organizations based in New York City 1658:New York City School Construction Authority 1317:– former basketball player, drafted by the 1274:(1967) – former MLB player, 3× MLB All Star 167:. 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Stevenson High School 621:New York Civil Liberties Union 245:Brooklyn Technical High School 112:Public Schools Athletic League 20:Public Schools Athletic League 1: 1929:United Federation of Teachers 1333: 1225:(2007) – former soccer player 1063:Herbert H. Lehman High School 962:(1966) – former NBA player, 605:New York City Public Advocate 1643:Panel for Educational Policy 1103:(1929) – former MLB player, 916:(1945) – former NBA player, 743:Bronx High School of Science 677:New York State Supreme Court 114:, known by the abbreviation 47:; 121 years ago 7: 1965:New York City Parents Union 1176:John F. Kennedy High School 625:National Women's Law Center 10: 2191: 1817:Queens HS for the Sciences 1206:(2007) – former NFL player 1185:(1977) – former NBA player 1164:(1984) – former NFL player 1158:(1967) – former NFL player 972:(1966) – former NBA player 950:(1964) – former ABA player 886:(1937) – former NBA player 833:(1918) – former NFL player 753:(1947) – chess grandmaster 2124: 2089: 2073: 2066: 2041: 2025: 2018: 1977: 1957: 1921: 1914: 1847: 1825: 1807: 1779: 1756: 1733: 1722: 1671: 1638: 700:This section needs to be 627:filed a lawsuit with the 599:Equitable access disputes 96: 88: 75: 67: 59: 41: 33: 24: 1789:Fiorello H. 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1116: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1102: 1099: 1098: 1097: 1096: 1095: 1088: 1084: 1081: 1078: 1075: 1072: 1071:Bobby Bonilla 1069: 1068: 1067: 1065: 1064: 1056: 1053: 1050: 1047: 1046: 1045: 1044: 1042: 1034: 1031: 1030: 1029: 1028: 1027: 1019: 1016: 1013: 1010: 1007: 1004: 1001: 998: 995: 992: 989: 986: 983: 980: 977: 976:Tom Henderson 974: 971: 968: 965: 961: 958: 955: 952: 949: 946: 943: 940: 937: 934: 931: 928: 925: 922: 919: 915: 914:Dolph Schayes 912: 910: 906: 903: 901: 897: 894: 891: 888: 885: 882: 879: 876: 873: 870: 867: 863: 860: 857: 854: 851: 847: 844: 842: 838: 835: 832: 829: 826: 822: 821:Barney Sedran 819: 818: 817: 816: 814: 807: 806:New York Mets 803: 799: 798:Johnny Monell 796: 794: 790: 786: 783: 782: 781: 780: 778: 770: 767: 764: 761: 758: 755: 752: 749: 748: 747: 745: 744: 736: 733: 732: 731: 730: 729: 724: 715: 703: 698: 689: 688: 680: 678: 673: 671: 666: 662: 660: 659: 653: 649: 644: 642: 638: 634: 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 609: 608:Betsy Gotbaum 606: 591: 586: 583: 581: 578: 576: 573: 571: 570:Outdoor Track 568: 566: 563: 561: 558: 555: 552: 550: 547: 545: 542: 540: 539:Flag Football 537: 534: 531: 529: 526: 525: 522:Spring Sports 521: 520: 519: 514: 510: 508: 505: 503: 500: 498: 495: 493: 490: 489: 486:Winter Sports 485: 484: 483: 479: 475: 473: 470: 468: 465: 463: 460: 458: 455: 453: 450: 448: 447:Cross Country 445: 442: 438: 435: 434: 430: 429: 428: 427: 413: 408: 405: 403: 400: 398: 397:Outdoor Track 395: 393: 390: 388: 385: 382: 378: 375: 372: 368: 365: 363: 360: 359: 356:Spring Sports 355: 354: 353: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 324: 321: 320: 317:Winter Sports 316: 315: 314: 310: 307: 305: 302: 300: 297: 295: 294:Cross Country 292: 289: 285: 282: 280: 277: 276: 272: 271: 270: 269: 260: 252: 250: 246: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 222: 217: 213: 211: 207: 202: 191: 188: 180: 177:February 2015 170: 166: 162: 156: 155: 151: 146:This section 144: 140: 135: 134: 129:Early history 126: 123: 121: 120:New York City 117: 113: 103: 99: 95: 91: 87: 83: 82:New York City 80: 74: 70: 66: 62: 58: 44: 40: 36: 32: 28: 23: 2136: 2097:Delaney card 2067:Systems used 1922:Labor unions 1887:Cathie Black 1726:high schools 1647: 1572: 1561: 1550: 1541: 1530: 1518:. Retrieved 1512: 1502: 1490:. Retrieved 1484: 1474: 1462:. Retrieved 1456: 1446: 1434:. Retrieved 1427: 1418: 1406:. Retrieved 1399: 1365: 1356: 1342: 1288: 1287: 1256: 1255: 1250:Chris Eubank 1229: 1228: 1210:Dwight Hardy 1174: 1173: 1156:Wilbur Young 1135:Ed Kranepool 1092: 1091: 1083:T. J. Rivera 1077:Doug Marrone 1061: 1060: 1041:Harry Truman 1039: 1038: 1033:Jack Shapiro 1024: 1023: 1018:Ramon Guzman 982:Ricky Sobers 970:Luther Green 905:Leo Gottlieb 890:Ben Auerbach 856:George Kojac 837:Tubby Raskin 811: 810: 775: 774: 757:Jeanette Lee 741: 740: 726: 725: 722: 709: 701: 674: 667: 663: 656: 648:civil rights 645: 602: 589: 513:Table Tennis 507:Table Tennis 502:Indoor Track 411: 348:Table Tennis 333:Indoor Track 258: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 218: 214: 198: 183: 174: 159:Please help 147: 124: 115: 111: 109: 77:Area served 34:Abbreviation 1978:Legal cases 1907:(1995–1999) 1901:(2000–2002) 1895:(2002–2010) 1883:(2011–2013) 1877:(2014–2018) 1871:(2018–2021) 1849:Chancellors 1724:Specialized 1324:Artie Green 1315:Joe Hammond 1278:Sammy Mejía 1272:Ben Oglivie 1238:Jack Coffey 1012:Sanjay Ayre 942:Gary Gubner 878:Eddie Lopat 785:Izzy Molina 746:Wolverines 735:Ed Pinckney 431:Fall Sports 273:Fall Sports 2154:Categories 1893:Joel Klein 1334:References 1141:Dan Monzon 1006:Sam Garnes 862:Lou Bender 497:Gymnastics 492:Basketball 478:Volleyball 472:Volleyball 407:Volleyball 328:Gymnastics 323:Basketball 2026:Sponsored 1905:Rudy Crew 1781:Manhattan 1735:The Bronx 994:Butch Lee 924:Ed Warner 815:Governors 779:Explorers 763:Wolf Wigo 580:Wrestling 528:Badminton 338:Wrestling 279:Badminton 148:does not 1758:Brooklyn 1306:Ed Roman 1043:Mustangs 712:May 2024 613:Title IX 575:Softball 565:Lacrosse 560:Handball 467:Swimming 392:Lacrosse 387:Handball 362:Baseball 343:Swimming 304:Football 102:psal.org 89:Services 1672:Schools 1520:13 June 1492:13 June 1464:13 June 1436:13 June 1408:13 June 1284:in 2007 702:updated 641:Houston 637:Chicago 631:of the 615:of the 556:(Co-Ed) 549:Fencing 535:(Co-Ed) 533:Cricket 515:(Co-Ed) 437:Bowling 367:Cricket 299:Fencing 284:Bowling 169:removed 154:sources 97:Website 68:Purpose 60:Founder 50: ( 42:Founded 2019:Events 1915:Unions 1889:(2011) 1865:(2021) 1809:Queens 1552:Forbes 1218:Turkey 1107:Member 1066:Lions 966:Member 920:member 827:Member 590: 462:Soccer 457:Tennis 412: 402:Tennis 309:Soccer 84:, U.S. 2054:Sing! 1214:Italy 585:Stunt 544:Rugby 441:Co-Ed 421:Girls 381:Co-Ed 371:Co-Ed 288:Co-Ed 1522:2018 1514:WNYC 1494:2018 1466:2018 1438:2018 1410:2018 1216:and 804:and 791:and 639:and 554:Golf 511:MPL 452:Golf 377:Golf 263:Boys 152:any 150:cite 116:PSAL 110:The 52:1903 45:1903 37:PSAL 1364:". 1310:NBA 163:by 2156:: 1549:. 1511:. 1483:. 1455:. 1426:. 1398:. 1387:^ 1373:^ 1624:e 1617:t 1610:v 1555:. 1524:. 1496:. 1468:. 1440:. 1412:. 1360:" 714:) 710:( 704:. 443:) 439:( 383:) 379:( 373:) 369:( 290:) 286:( 190:) 184:( 179:) 175:( 171:. 157:. 54:)

Index


New York City
psal.org
New York City

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Luther Halsey Gulick
George W. Wingate
James E. Sullivan
Madison Square Garden
Brooklyn Technical High School
Great Depression
Badminton
Bowling
Co-Ed
Cross Country
Fencing
Football
Soccer
Basketball
Gymnastics
Indoor Track
Wrestling
Swimming
Table Tennis

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