Puerto Rico - Knowledge

6273: 4778: 2881:, as well as Commonwealth of Puerto Rico income taxes. All federal employees, those who do business with the federal government, Puerto Rico-based corporations that intend to send funds to the U.S., and some others, such as Puerto Rican residents that are members of the U.S. military, and Puerto Rico residents who earned income from sources outside Puerto Rico also pay federal income taxes. In addition, because the cutoff point for income taxation is lower than that of the U.S. IRS code, and because the per-capita income in Puerto Rico is much lower than the average per-capita income on the mainland, more Puerto Rico residents pay income taxes to the local taxation authority than if the IRS code were applied to the island. This occurs because "the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico government has a wider set of responsibilities than do U.S. State and local governments." 5964: 1917: 3886: 111: 3954: 248: 1858: 5136: 126: 19362: 4146: 6116: 2710: 3547: 1757:, establishing a Control Board over the Puerto Rican government. This board will have a significant degree of federal control involved in its establishment and operations. In particular, the authority to establish the control board derives from the federal government's constitutional power to "make all needful rules and regulations" regarding U.S. territories; The president would appoint all seven voting members of the board; and the board would have broad sovereign powers to effectively overrule decisions by Puerto Rico's legislature, governor, and other public authorities. 3787: 6217: 3162: 4741: 3270: 5671: 3981: 6985: 1601: 3831:

Year 2018 with its managed care organizations will be threatened, thereby putting at risk beginning July 1, 2017 the health care of up to 900,000 poor U.S. citizens living in Puerto Rico", according to a letter sent to Congress by the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Health and Human Services. They also said that "Congress must enact measures recommended by both Republicans and Democrats that fix Puerto Rico's inequitable health care financing structure and promote sustained economic growth."

2842:. Puerto Rico lacks "the full sovereignty of an independent nation", for example, the power to manage its "external relations with other nations", which is held by the U.S. federal government. The U.S. Supreme Court has indicated that once the U.S. Constitution has been extended to an area (by Congress or the courts), its coverage is irrevocable. To hold that the political branches may switch the Constitution on or off at will would lead to a regime in which they, not this Court, say "what the law is". 2962: 20489: 2811: 20609: 3700: 100: 4060: 266: 19205: 20501: 2083: 1545: 6242:, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This style of Puerto Rican buildings is found predominantly in residential homes in Ponce that developed between 1895 and 1920. Ponce Creole architecture borrows heavily from the traditions of France, Spain and the Caribbean vernacular to create houses that were especially built to withstand the hot and dry climate of the region, and to take advantage of the sun and sea breezes characteristic of the southern Puerto Rico's 20477: 18929: 1791: 20441: 17223: 4768: 6860: 7165: 20592: 20513: 4731: 20575: 20626: 20558: 6197:". Strict remodeling codes were implemented to prevent new constructions from affecting the common colonial Spanish architectural themes of the old city. When a project proposal suggested that the old Carmelite Convent in San Juan be demolished to erect a new hotel, the Institute had the building declared as a historic building, and then asked that it be converted to a hotel in a renewed facility. This was what became the 17213: 1582: 925: 906: 873: 854: 20541: 20451: 2312: 6755:(Spanish for "four"). The cuatro is a local instrument that was made by the "Jibaro" or people from the mountains. Originally, the Cuatro consisted of four steel strings, hence its name, but currently the Cuatro consists of five double steel strings. It is easily confused with a guitar, even by locals. When held upright, from right to left, the strings are G, D, A, E, B. 6473:. Puerto Rican literature continued to flourish, and many Puerto Ricans have since distinguished themselves as authors, journalists, poets, novelists, playwrights, essayists, and screenwriters. The influence of Puerto Rican literature has transcended the boundaries of the island to the U.S. and the rest of the world. Over the past fifty years, significant writers include 6363: 1651:. The decree was printed in Spanish, English and French in order to attract Europeans, with the hope that the independence movements would lose their popularity and strength with the arrival of new settlers. Free land was offered to those who wanted to populate the islands on the condition that they swear their loyalty to the Spanish Crown and allegiance to the 2849:. U.S. citizens residing in Puerto Rico cannot vote in U.S. presidential elections, though both major parties, Republican and Democratic, hold primary elections in Puerto Rico to choose delegates to vote on the parties' presidential candidates. Since Puerto Rico is an unincorporated territory and not a U.S. state, the U.S. Constitution does not fully 1739:

The first question, voted on in August, asked voters whether they wanted to maintain the current status under the territorial clause of the U.S. Constitution. 54% voted against the status quo, effectively approving the second question to be voted on in November. The second question posed three alternate status options: statehood, independence, or

2041:. It caused extensive property damage and widespread losses, damaging infrastructure, especially bridges. It resulted in an estimated 116 deaths and $ 4 million in property damage. The failure of the government to move rapidly to provide for the general welfare contributed to political activism by opponents and eventually to the rise of the 3811:

part, returned to normal. By October 2019, nearly all of the popular amenities for tourists, in the major destinations such as San Juan, Ponce and Arecibo, were in operation on the island and tourism was rebounding. This was important for the economy, since tourism provides up to 10% of Puerto Rico's GDP, according to Discover Puerto Rico.

11642:– That where the Constitution has been once formally extended by Congress to territories, neither Congress nor the territorial legislature can enact laws inconsistent therewith. The Constitution grants Congress and the President the power to acquire, dispose of, and govern territory, not the power to decide when and where its terms apply. 11638:, 182 U.S. 244, 261 (1901), commenting on an earlier Supreme Court decision, Loughborough v. Blake, 18 U.S. (5 Wheat.) 317 (1820); Rasmussen v. United States, 197 U.S. 516, 529–530, 536 (1905)(concurring opinions of Justices Harlan and Brown), that once the Constitution has been extended to an area, its coverage is irrevocable; 6818: 8516: 6703: 5097:. The commonwealth's population peaked in 2000, when it was 3,808,610, before declining (for the first time in census history) to 3,725,789 in 2010. Emigration due to economic difficulties and natural disasters, coupled with a low birth rate, have caused the population decline to continue in recent years. 5358:. Dominicans represent 53% of non-Puerto Rican Hispanics, about 1.8% of Puerto Rico's population. Some illegal immigrants, particularly from Haiti, Dominican Republic, and Cuba, use Puerto Rico as a temporary stop-over point to get to the U.S. mainland. Other major sources of recent immigrants include 12153:

OSD, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (DIOR); "Atlas/Data Abstract for the United States and Selected Areas – Fiscal Year 1997;" Department of Defense; 1998. Note: The count of 25 military installations included the branch component of the Roosevelt

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Morning Update for Puerto Rico - January 7, 2020: On Jan. 7, a magnitude 6.4 earthquake struck the region at 4:24 am local time (08:24:26 UTC). Significant damage is possible. Over the past several weeks, hundreds of small earthquakes have occurred in the Puerto Rico region, beginning in earnest with

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Bauzá (2013; in Spanish) "La realidad de nuestra situación económica y fiscal es resultado de años de falta de acción. Al Gobierno le faltó creatividad, innovación y rapidez en la creación de un nuevo modelo económico que sustentara nuestra economía. Tras la eliminación de la Sección 936, debimos ser

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Statistics used for cost of living sometimes do not take into account certain costs, such as the high cost of electricity, which has hovered in the 24¢ to 30¢ range per kilowatt-hour, two to three times the national average, increased travel costs for longer flights, additional shipping fees, and the

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of the U.S. Constitution and is thus restricted on how it can engage with other nations, sharing the opportunities and limitations that state governments have albeit not being one. As is the case with state governments, it has established several trade agreements with other nations, particularly with

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issued a memorandum to heads of executive departments and agencies establishing the current administrative relationship between the federal government and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. This memorandum directs all federal departments, agencies, and officials to treat Puerto Rico administratively as

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The difference between the incumbent party, the PPD, and its opponent, the PNP, was a mere 0.6% in the last election. This difference is common as the political landscape experiences political cycles between both parties, with the PPD ruling all branches of government for 36 of the past 64 years. The

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Walsh (2013) "In each of the last six years, Puerto Rico sold hundreds of millions of dollars of new bonds just to meet payments on its older, outstanding bonds – a red flag. It also sold $ 2.5 billion worth of bonds to raise cash for its troubled pension system – a risky practice – and it sold

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stretch for 1,812 m² (4,692 km²). The island of Vieques has a total land area of 51 m² (132 km²), Mona has 22 m² (56 km²), Culebra has 12 m² (31 km²), Caja de Muertos has 0.62 m² (1.62 km²), and Desecheo has 0.56 m² (1.45 km²). In total, the entire archipelago of Puerto Rico has a land area of about

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Education in Puerto Rico is divided in three levels—Primary (elementary school grades 1–6), Secondary (intermediate and high school grades 7–12), and Higher Level (undergraduate and graduate studies). As of 2002, the literacy rate of the Puerto Rican population was 94.1%; by gender, it was 93.9% for

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for U.S. corporations that settled in Puerto Rico and allowed their insular subsidiaries to send their earnings to the parent corporation at any time, without paying federal tax on corporate income. Puerto Rico has been able to maintain a relatively low inflation in the past decade while maintaining

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was registered that same year. The party claims that it seeks to address the islands' problems from a status-neutral platform. But it ceased to remain as a registered party when it failed to obtain the required number of votes in the 2008 general election. Four years later, the 2012 election saw the

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approved a draft resolution calling on the U.S. government to expedite a process that would allow the Puerto Rican people to exercise fully their inalienable right to self-determination and independence. In November 2012, a two-question referendum took place, simultaneous with the general elections.

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Puerto Rican Indigenous Communities Seek Recognition, Return of Their Ancestral Lands: The Jíbaro and Taíno indigenous communities are not recognized by the Puerto Rican government. But two organizations dedicated to preserving their respective history and traditions are working to gain recognition

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Millán Rodriguez (2013; in Spanish) "Los representantes del Pueblo en la Junta de Gobierno de la Autoridad de Energía Eléctrica denunciaron ayer que la propuesta del Gobernador para hacer cambios en la composición del organismo institucionaliza la intervención político partidista en la corporación

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under the American federal constitution and adjudications are applied to Puerto Ricans. Various other U.S. Supreme Court decisions have held which rights apply in Puerto Rico and which ones do not. Puerto Ricans have a long history of service in the U.S. Armed Forces and, since 1917, they have been

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FRBNY (2011) "...home values vary considerably across municipios: for the metro area overall, the median value of owner-occupied homes was estimated at $ 126,000 (based on data for 2007–09), but these medians ranged from $ 214,000 in Guaynabo to around $ 100,000 in some of the outlying municipios.

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was annexed. With its abundance of shops, historic places, museums, open air cafés, restaurants, gracious homes, tree-shaded plazas, and its old beauty and architectonical peculiarity, Old San Juan is a main spot for local and internal tourism. The district is also characterized by numerous public

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In Puerto Rico, public school instruction is conducted almost entirely in Spanish. There have been pilot programs in about a dozen of the over 1,400 public schools aimed at conducting instruction in English only. Objections from teaching staff are common, perhaps because many of them are not fully

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the new operator of the energy distribution and transmission infrastructure, as well as other areas of PREPA's operations, in effect partially privatizing the Puerto Rican power grid. The takeover was set for 1 June 2021, amidst protests and uncertainty from the point of view of the general public

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The Commonwealth had been defaulting on many debts, including bonds, since 2015. With debt payments due, the governor was facing the risk of a government shutdown and failure to fund the managed health care system. "Without action before April, Puerto Rico's ability to execute contracts for Fiscal

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outlines the role of the U.S. Code to U.S. territories and insular areas such as Puerto Rico. After the U.S. government assumed control of Puerto Rico in 1901, it initiated legal reforms resulting in the adoption of codes of criminal law, criminal procedure, and civil procedure modeled after those

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municipality at 10:15 UTC (6:15 am local time) as a high-end Category 4 hurricane with sustained winds of 155 mph (249 km/h), powerful rains and widespread flooding causing tremendous destruction, including the electrical grid, which would remain out for 4–6 months in many

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The bipartisan, seven-member oversight board was created under the federal Puerto Rico rescue law known as PROMESA, passed by the U.S. Congress last year. It is charged with helping the island manage its finances and navigate its way out of the economic jam, including by negotiating restructuring

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have been rediscovered/reinvented to a degree by a handful of advocates. Similarly, some aspects of African religious traditions have been kept by some adherents. African slaves brought and maintained various ethnic African religious practices associated with different peoples; in particular, the

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after Puerto Rico's general obligation bonds were downgraded to speculative non-investment grade ("junk status") by three credit-rating agencies. In terms of financial control, almost 9.6%—or about $ 1.5 billion—of Puerto Rico's central government budget expenses for FY2014 is expected to be

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to deliver a fiscal turnaround plan by 28 January. Just before that deadline, the control board gave the Commonwealth government until 28 February to present a fiscal plan (including negotiations with creditors for restructuring debt) to solve the problems. A moratorium on lawsuits by debtors was

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Though the Commonwealth government has its own tax laws, residents of Puerto Rico, contrary to a popular misconception, do pay U.S. federal taxes: customs taxes (which are subsequently returned to the Puerto Rico Treasury), import/export taxes, federal commodity taxes, social security taxes, etc.

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In 1593, Portuguese soldiers, sent from Lisbon by order of Phillip II, composed the first garrison of the San Felipe del Morro fortress in Puerto Rico. Some brought their wives, while others married Puerto Rican women, and today there are many Puerto Rican families with Portuguese last names. The

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Pollster Pablo Ramos stated in 1998 that the population was 38% Roman Catholic, 28% Pentecostal, and 18% were members of independent churches, which would give a Protestant percentage of 46% if the last two populations are combined. Protestants collectively added up to almost two million people.

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of the executive branch of government of Puerto Rico are Spanish and English, with Spanish being the primary language. Spanish is, and has been, the only official language of the entire Commonwealth judiciary system, despite a 1902 English-only language law. However, all official business of the

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The critical aspects come from the sale of bonds, which comprise 7% of the consolidated budget – a ratio that increased annually due to the government's inability to prepare a balanced budget in addition to being incapable of generating enough income to cover all its expenses. In particular, the

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of about U.S.$ 9.8 billion with expenses at about $ 10.4 billion, creating a structural deficit of $ 775 million (about 7.9% of the budget). The practice of approving budgets with a structural deficit has been done for 24 consecutive years starting in 2000. Throughout those years,

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caused severe damage to the island and its infrastructure, disrupting tourism for many months. The damage was estimated at $ 100 billion. An April 2019 report indicated that by that time, only a few hotels were still closed, that life for tourists in and around the capital had, for the most

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members and civilian employees. The size of the overall military-related community is estimated to be 100,000, including retired personnel. Fort Buchanan has about 4,000 military and civilian personnel. In addition, approximately 17,000 people are members of the Puerto Rico Army and Air National

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Both the Naval Forces Caribbean (NFC) and the Fleet Air Caribbean (FAIR) were formerly based at the Roosevelt Roads Naval Station. The NFC had authority over all U.S. Naval activity in the waters of the Caribbean while FAIR had authority over all U.S. military flights and air operations over the

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and are the main cause of the variations in the temperature and rainfall that occur over very short distances. The mountains can also cause wide variation in local wind speed and direction due to their sheltering and channeling effects, adding to the climatic variation. Daily temperature changes

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Much of Puerto Rican culture centers on the influence of music and has been shaped by other cultures combining with local and traditional rhythms. Early in the history of Puerto Rican music, the influences of Spanish and African traditions were most noticeable. The cultural movements across the

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In early August 2017, the island's financial oversight board (created by PROMESA) planned to institute two days off without pay per month for government employees, down from the original plan of four days per month; the latter had been expected to achieve $ 218 million in savings. Governor

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In the southwest, the Guánica State Forest and Biosphere Reserve contain over 600 uncommon species of plants and animals, including 48 endangered species and 16 that are endemic to Puerto Rico, and is considered a prime example of the Puerto Rican dry forest ecoregion and the best-preserved dry

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Pueblo v. Tribunal Superior, 92 D.P.R. 596 (1965). Translation taken from the English text, 92 P.R.R. 580 (1965), pp. 588–89. See also LOPEZ-BARALT NEGRON, "Pueblo v. Tribunal Superior: Espanol: Idioma del proceso judicial", 36 Revista Juridica de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. 396 (1967), and

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The household median income is stated as $ 19,350 and the mean income as $ 30,463 in the U.S. Census Bureau's 2015 update. The report also indicates that 45.5% of individuals are below the poverty level. The median home value in Puerto Rico ranges from U.S.$ 100,000 to U.S.$ 214,000, while the

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Puerto Rico's authority to enact a criminal code derives from Congress and not from local sovereignty as with the states. Thus, individuals committing a crime can only be tried in federal or territorial court, otherwise it would constitute double jeopardy and is constitutionally impermissible.

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Brief power outages still hit occasionally as the government prepares to privatize an aging and poorly maintained grid that was destroyed by the hurricane, and water shortages have hit parts of Puerto Rico's north coast since 30 percent of the island is experiencing a moderate drought that is

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The music of Puerto Rico has evolved as a heterogeneous and dynamic product of diverse cultural resources. The most conspicuous musical sources have been Spain and West Africa, although many aspects of Puerto Rican music reflect origins elsewhere in Europe and the Caribbean and, over the last

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reports that 85% of the population of Puerto Rico identifies as Roman Catholic, while 15% identify as Protestant and Other. Neither a date or a source for that information is provided and may not be recent. A 2013 Pew Research survey found that only about 45% of Puerto Rican adults identified

3945:(CAGR) of 9% while GDP remained stagnant. This has not always provided a long-term solution. In early July 2017 for example, the PREPA power authority was effectively bankrupt after defaulting in a plan to restructure $ 9 billion in bond debt; the agency planned to seek Court protection. 3341:

and Puerto Rico National Guard facilities, there are only two remaining military installations in Puerto Rico: the U.S. Army's small Ft. Buchanan (supporting local veterans and reserve units) and the PRANG (Puerto Rico Air National Guard) Muñiz Air Base (the C-130 Fleet). In recent years, the

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elected by Puerto Ricans to represent them before the federal government, including the U.S. Congress, sits in the U.S. House of Representatives, serves and votes on congressional committees, and functions in every respect as a legislator except being denied a vote on the final disposition of

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published a report which concluded that "repealing or amending the Jones Act cabotage law might cut Puerto Rico shipping costs" and that "shippers believed that opening the trade to non-U.S.-flag competition could lower costs". Ultimately, the report concluded that " effects of modifying the

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Puerto Ricans in this statistical profile are people who self-identified as Hispanics of Puerto Rican origin; this means either they themselves were born in Puerto Rico1 or they were born in the 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia or elsewhere, but trace their family ancestry to Puerto

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Both budgets contrast each other drastically, with the consolidated budget being usually thrice the size of the general budget; currently $ 29B and $ 9.0B respectively. Almost one out of every four dollars in the consolidated budget comes from U.S. federal subsidies while government-owned

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In the late 19th century, with the arrival of the first printing press and the founding of the Royal Academy of Belles Letters, Puerto Rican literature began to flourish. The first writers to express their political views in regard to Spanish colonial rule of the island were journalists.

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Academically, most of Puerto Rico's economic woes stem from federal regulations that expired, have been repealed, or no longer apply to Puerto Rico; its inability to become self-sufficient and self-sustainable throughout history; its highly politicized public policy which tends to change

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coming back, as many Puerto Ricans engage in 'circular migration'. Small numbers of non-Puerto Rican Hispanics in Puerto Rico are actually American-born migrants from the mainland U.S. and not recent immigrants. Most recent immigrants settle in and around the San Juan metropolitan area.

1647:, Puerto Rico and Cuba were the last two Spanish colonies in the New World; they served as Spain's final outposts in a strategy to regain control of the American continents. Realizing that it was in danger of losing its two remaining Caribbean territories, the Spanish Crown revived the 2122:, which significantly modify cooler air moving in from the north and northwest. Coastal water temperatures during the year are about 75 °F (24 °C) in February and 85 °F (29 °C) in August. The highest temperature ever recorded was 110 °F (43 °C) at 235: 234: 7893:

pr.gov (in Spanish) "Algunas de las industrias más destacadas dentro del sector de la manufactura son: las farmacéuticas, los textiles, los petroquímicos, las computadoras, la electrónica y las compañías dedicadas a la manufactura de instrumentos médicos y científicos, entre

3847:. An internal survey conducted by the Puerto Rican Economists Association revealed that the majority of Puerto Rican economists reject the policy recommendations of the Board and the Rosselló government, with more than 80% of economists arguing in favor of auditing the debt. 6376:

to its present-day status. Written works by the native islanders of Puerto Rico were prohibited and repressed by the Spanish colonial government. Only those who were commissioned by the Spanish Crown to document the chronological history of the island were allowed to write.

4320:(FCC). As of 2007, there were 30 TV stations, 125 radio stations and roughly 1 million TV sets on the island. Cable TV subscription services are available, and the U.S. Armed Forces Radio and Television Service also broadcast on the island. Puerto Rico also has its own 236: 13061:

Turner, Rebecca M.; Brockerhoff, Eckehard G.; Bertelsmeier, Cleo; Blake, Rachael E.; Caton, Barney; James, Alex; MacLeod, Alan; Nahrung, Helen F.; Pawson, Stephen M.; Plank, Michael J.; Pureswaran, Deepa S.; Seebens, Hanno; Yamanaka, Takehiko; Liebhold, Andrew M. (2021).

8508: 11654:. By Sanford Levinson and Bartholomew H. Sparrow. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. 2005. pp. 166, 178. "U.S. citizenship was extended to residents of Puerto Rico by virtue of the Jones Act, chap. 190, 39 Stat. 951 (1971)(codified at 48 U.S.C. § 731 (1987)") 3219:(LANTCOM after 1993 USACOM), which had authority over all U.S. military operations that took place throughout the Atlantic. Puerto Rico had been seen as crucial in supporting LANTCOM's mission until 1999, when U.S. Atlantic Command was renamed and given a new mission as 3061:. Such agreements require permission from the U.S. Department of State; most are simply allowed by existing laws or trade treaties between the U.S. and other nations which supersede trade agreements pursued by Puerto Rico and different U.S. states. Puerto Rico hosts 2936:

similar to that of a U.S. state, there is also a U.S. federal district court in Puerto Rico, and Puerto Ricans have served as judges in that Court and in other federal courts on the U.S. mainland regardless of their residency status at the time of their appointment.

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Quintero (2013; in Spanish) "Los indicadores de una economía débil son muchos, y la economía en Puerto Rico está sumamente debilitada, según lo evidencian la tasa de desempleo (13.5%), los altos niveles de pobreza (41.7%), los altos niveles de quiebra y la pérdida

5615:, which was suppressed under the Spanish Catholic regime, has reemerged under U.S. rule, making contemporary Puerto Rico more interconfessional than in previous centuries, although Catholicism continues to be the dominant religion. The first Protestant church, 2355:

system, located in the northeast of the island. It was previously known as the Caribbean National Forest. El Yunque is home to more than 240 plants, 26 of which are endemic to the island. It is also home to 50 bird species, including the critically endangered

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helped the population of Puerto Rico grow from 155,426 in 1800 to almost a million by the close of the 19th century. A census conducted by royal decree on 30 September 1858, gave the following totals of the Puerto Rican population at that time: 341,015 were

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loss of promotional participation opportunities for customers "outside the continental United States". While some online stores do offer free shipping on orders to Puerto Rico, many merchants exclude Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto Rico and other U.S. territories.

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A tourism campaign was launched by Discover Puerto Rico in 2018 intended to highlight the island's culture and history, branding it distinct, and different from other Caribbean destinations. In 2019, Discover Puerto Rico planned to continue that campaign.

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on 6 September 2017, as it passed about 60 mi (97 km) north of Puerto Rico, but high winds caused a loss of electrical power to some one million residents. Almost 50% of hospitals were operating with power provided by generators. The Category 4

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Puerto Rico experienced a recession from 2006 to 2011, interrupted by four quarters of economic growth, and entered into recession again in 2013, following growing fiscal imbalance and the expiration of the IRS Section 936 corporate incentives that the

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for the District of Puerto Rico is conducted in English. English is the primary language of less than 10% of the population. Spanish is the dominant language of business, education and daily life on the island, spoken by nearly 95% of the population.

5456:, the number of Puerto Ricans living outside of Puerto Rico in the U.S. is almost twice as many as those living in Puerto Rico. As those who leave tend to be better educated than those who remain, this accentuates the drain on Puerto Rico's economy. 2056:, the largest and deepest trench in the Atlantic, is located about 71 mi (114 km) north of Puerto Rico at the boundary between the Caribbean and North American plates. It is 170 mi (270 km) long. At its deepest point, named the 5692:

community, the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos / St. Spyridon's Church is located in Trujillo Alto, and serves the small Orthodox community in the area. In 2017, the church entered communion with the Roman Catholic Church, becoming the first

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6.4-magnitude quake strikes Puerto Rico, killing at least 1 amid heavy seismic activity: "We've never been exposed to this kind of emergency in 102 years," Gov. Wanda Vázquez said as the island grapples with ongoing aftershocks and assesses the

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Soler-Figueroa, Brenda María; Otero, Ernesto (1 January 2015). "The Influence of Rain Regimes and Nutrient Loading on the Abundance of Two Dinoflagellate Species in a Tropical Bioluminescent Bay, Bahía Fosforescente, La Parguera, Puerto Rico".

8855:"Documenting a Puerto Rican Identity | In Search of a National Identity: Nineteenth and Early-Twentieth-Century Puerto Rico | Articles and Essays | Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age: Nineteenth- and Early-Twentieth-Century Perspectives" 3878:

including present time, all budgets contemplated issuing bonds to cover these projected deficits rather than making structural adjustments. This practice increased Puerto Rico's cumulative debt, as the government had already been issuing bonds

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Caribbean. With the closing of the Roosevelt Roads and Vieques Island training facilities, the U.S. Navy has basically exited from Puerto Rico, except for the ships that steam by, and the only significant military presence in the island is the

5441:", with some migrants returning to the island. In recent years, the population has declined markedly, falling nearly 1% in 2012 and an additional 1% (36,000 people) in 2013 due to a falling birthrate and emigration. The impact of hurricanes 6709: 6707: 6704: 6312:

vary in size, with the smallest examples around eight inches tall and the largest about twenty inches tall. Traditionally, santos were seen as messengers between the earth and Heaven. As such, they occupied a special place on household

3258:– which performs missions equivalent to those of the Army National Guards of different U.S. states, including ground defense, disaster relief, and control of civil unrest. The local National Guard also incorporates a branch of the U.S. 4301:

in Puerto Rico. It is the only entity authorized to conduct such business in Puerto Rico, effectively making it a government monopoly. Its existence is designated by Law No. 40 of 1 May 1945, including the corresponding amendments.

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themselves as Catholic, 29% as Protestant and 20% as unaffiliated with a religion. The people surveyed by Pew consisted of Puerto Ricans living in the 50 states and DC and may not be indicative of those living in the Commonwealth.

3215:. The Adjutant General, in turn, delegates the authority over the State Guard to another officer but retains the authority over the Puerto Rico National Guard as a whole. U.S. military installations in Puerto Rico were part of the 2900:

funding it would receive if it were a U.S. state. Also, Medicare providers receive less-than-full state-like reimbursements for services rendered to beneficiaries in Puerto Rico, even though the latter paid fully into the system.

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Early, Regan; Bradley, Bethany A.; Dukes, Jeffrey S.; Lawler, Joshua J.; Olden, Julian D.; Blumenthal, Dana M.; Gonzalez, Patrick; Grosholz, Edwin D.; Ibañez, Ines; Miller, Luke P.; Sorte, Cascade J. B.; Tatem, Andrew J. (2016).

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government-owned corporations add a heavy burden to the overall budget and public debt, as none is self-sufficient. For example, in FY2011 the government-owned corporations reported aggregated losses of more than $ 1.3B with the

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Both entities frequently assist the Department of State of Puerto Rico in engaging with Washington, D.C.-based ambassadors and federal agencies that handle Puerto Rico's foreign affairs, such as the U.S. Department of State, the

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In 1898, during the Spanish–American War, Puerto Rico was invaded and subsequently became a possession of the U.S. The first years of the 20th century were marked by the struggle to obtain greater democratic rights from the U.S.

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religion and the vast majority of their cultural and moral values and traditions. The United States added English-language influence, the university system and the adoption of some holidays and practices. On 12 March 1903, the

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The homicide rate of 19.2 per 100,000 inhabitants was significantly higher than any U.S. state in 2014. Most homicide victims are gang members and drug traffickers with about 80% of homicides in Puerto Rico being drug related.

9783: 6833:', the Spanish Governor's Palace. The first free election for governor of the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico was honored on 27 April 1949, at San Juan, Puerto Rico. 'Inauguration' on the 3-cent stamp refers to the election of 5647:. David Stoll calculates that if we extrapolate the growth rates of evangelical churches from 1960 to 1985 for another twenty-five years Puerto Rico will become 75 percent evangelical. (Ana Adams: "Brincando el Charco..." in 8975:

General Accounting Office publication number GAO-06-541. US Gen. Acctg. Office, Washington, DC. 19 May 2006. Public Release: 23 June 2006. (Note: All residents of Puerto Rico pay federal taxes, with the exception of federal

8561: 4340:). Amateur radio operators (also known as ham radio operators) are a well-known group in the island and can obtain special vehicle license plates with their callsign on them. They have been a key element in disaster relief. 3851:

Rossello rejected this plan as unjustified and unnecessary. Pension reforms were also discussed including a proposal for a 10% reduction in benefits to begin addressing the $ 50 billion in unfunded pension liabilities.

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Puerto Rico, by virtue of its long political association with the United States, is the most Protestant of Latin American countries, with a Protestant population of approximately 33 to 38 percent, the majority of whom are

3940:

Losses by government-owned corporations have been defrayed through the issuance of bonds compounding more than 40% of Puerto Rico's entire public debt today. Holistically, from FY2000–FY2010 Puerto Rico's debt grew at a

3527:

a federal crime and rates decreased per statistics, but as of 2019, the problem continued in municipalities like Guaynabo and others. From 1 January 2019 to 14 March 2019, thirty carjackings had occurred on the island.

14534: 14371: 1865:

The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico has an area of 5,320 square miles (13,800 km), of which 3,420 sq mi (8,900 km) is land and 1,900 sq mi (4,900 km) is water. Puerto Rico is larger than

8151: 13012:

Aukema, Juliann E.; McCullough, Deborah G.; Von Holle, Betsy; Liebhold, Andrew M.; Britton, Kerry; Frankel, Susan J. (2010). "Historical Accumulation of Nonindigenous Forest Pests in the Continental United States".

12664:

McCullough, Deborah G.; Work, Timothy T.; Cavey, Joseph F.; Liebhold, Andrew M.; Marshall, David (2006). "Interceptions of nonindigenous plant pests at US ports of entry and border crossings over a 17-year period".

7753:

Los españoles le cambiaron el nombre de Borikén a San Juan Bautista y a la capital le llamaron Ciudad de Puerto Rico. Con los años, Ciudad de Puerto Rico pasó a ser San Juan, y San Juan Bautista pasó a ser Puerto

4016:

cannot stop in Puerto Rico, offload Puerto Rico-bound goods, load mainland-bound Puerto Rico-manufactured goods, and continue to U.S. ports. Instead, they must proceed directly to U.S. ports, where distributors

3100:, manages all its intergovernmental affairs before entities of or in the U.S. (including the federal government of the U.S., local and state governments of the U.S., and public or private entities in the U.S.). 1494:("Rich Port City"). Eventually traders and other maritime visitors came to refer to the entire island as Puerto Rico, while San Juan became the name used for the main trading/shipping port and the capital city. 13443: 15943: 6148: 4169:

is the largest in Puerto Rico, and the busiest port in the Caribbean and the 10th busiest in the United States in terms of commercial activity and cargo movement, respectively. The second largest port is the

11314: 1643:, Puerto Rico was a stepping-stone in the passage from Europe to Cuba, Mexico, Central America, and the northern territories of South America. Throughout most of the 19th century until the conclusion of the 16442: 11626:

U.S. Const. art. IV, § 3, cl. 2 ("The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States ...").

7923:

Vera Rosa (2013; in Spanish) "Aunque Puerto Rico mueve entre el sector público y privado $ 15 billones en el área de salud, las deficiencias en el sistema todavía no alcanzan un nivel de eficiencia óptimo."

7903:

Torrech San Inocencio (2011; in Spanish) "Con los más de $ 1,500 millones anuales que recibimos en asistencia federal para alimentos podríamos desarrollar una industria alimentaria autosuficiente en Puerto

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has considered their deactivations, but these have been opposed by diverse public and private entities in Puerto Rico – such as retired military who rely on Ft. Buchanan for the services available there.

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and 3.4% were Hispanic of non-Puerto Rican origins. Only 1.1% of the population was non-Hispanic. The population of Puerto Rico according to the 2020 census was 3,285,874, an 11.8% decrease since the

6837:, the first democratically elected governor of Puerto Rico. San Juan, Puerto Rico was commemorated with an 8-cent stamp on its 450th anniversary issued 12 September 1971, featuring a sentry box from 15163: 12956:

Liebhold, Andrew M; Brockerhoff, Eckehard G; Garrett, Lynn J; Parke, Jennifer L; Britton, Kerry O (2012). "Live plant imports: the major pathway for forest insect and pathogen invasions of the US".

9065: 6418:

as a springboard to reflect on Caribbean identity. After this first novel, Hostos abandoned fiction in favor of the essay which he saw as offering greater possibilities for inspiring social change.

17039: 16987: 13981: 1628:. The Taíno people's numbers went dangerously low during the later half of the 16th century because of new infectious diseases carried by Europeans, exploitation by Spanish settlers, and warfare. 20702: 10704: 7565: 2068:

between Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic, is another prominent oceanic landform with steep walls measuring between 1.25 and 2.17 miles (2.01 and 3.49 km) in height from bottom to top.

233: 15665: 13660: 13533: 10142: 15047: 2462: 1878:. The maximum length of the main island from east to west is 110 mi (180 km), and the maximum width from north to south is 40 mi (64 km). Puerto Rico is the smallest of the 14841: 13702: 13407: 2162:. A cyclone of tropical storm strength passes near Puerto Rico, on average, every five years. A hurricane passes in the vicinity of the island, on average, every seven years. Since 1851, the 13486:

Almost all of Puerto Rico's hotels are open for business. The beaches are ready for swimming and sunbathing, and even remote places to visit like El Yunque rainforest are receiving visitors.

9357: 7213:, held annually in San Juan, has been ranked among the 20 most competitive races globally. The "Puerto Rico All Stars" team, which has won twelve world championships in unicycle basketball. 1893:

The topography of the island is mostly mountainous with large flat areas in the northern and southern coasts. The main mountain range that crosses the island from east to west is called the

13896: 11452: 15238: 14810: 14764: 6096:

The architecture of Puerto Rico demonstrates a broad variety of traditions, styles and national influences accumulated over four centuries of Spanish rule, and a century of American rule.

5889:

males and 94.4% for females. According to the 2000 Census, 60.0% of the population attained a high school degree or higher level of education, and 18.3% has a bachelor's degree or higher.

3827:

posed serious problems for the government which was saddled with outstanding bond debt that had climbed to $ 70 billion. The debt had been increasing during a decade-long recession.

2262:. Local initiatives are working toward mitigation and adaptation goals, and international aid programs support reconstruction after extreme weather events and encourage disaster planning. 14454: 13629: 4777: 18974: 14491: 3113: 10764: 8854: 7818:

article from 1899, after which the spelling was kept by many agencies and entities because of the ethnic and linguistic pride of the English-speaking citizens of the American mainland.

3247:. Protests over the noise of bombing practice forced the closure of the naval base. This resulted in a loss of 6,000 jobs and an annual decrease in local income of $ 300 million. 17047: 12529: 8476: 5217:

included a racial self-identification question in Puerto Rico. According to the census, most Puerto Ricans identified as white and Latino; few identified as black or some other race.

5210:), which allowed European Catholics to settle in the island with land allotments in the interior of the island, provided they paid taxes and continued to support the Catholic Church. 5100:

Censuses of Puerto Rico were completed by Spain in 1765, 1775, 1800, 1815, 1832, 1846 and 1857, yet some of the data remained untabulated and was not considered reliable according to

1822:. Of these five, only Culebra and Vieques are inhabited year-round. Mona, which has played a key role in maritime history, is uninhabited most of the year except for employees of the 12504: 10678: 20644: 8573: 2691:

in 1692. Increased settlement in the 18th century saw 30 more communities established, following 34 in the 19th century. Six were founded in the 20th century, the most recent being

11336: 11275: 10795: 10296: 9036: 6272: 13558: 6308:

depict figures of saints and other religious icons and are made from native wood, clay, and stone. After shaping simple, they are often finished by painting them in vivid colors.

2333:, recognized as of 1998. Most of these (234, 12 and 33 respectively) are found on the main island. The most recognizable endemic species and a symbol of Puerto Rican pride is the 13164:, July 2012. Accessed on 19 August 2012. Note: GDP per capita data are "PPP Converted GDP Per Capita, average GEKS-CPDW, at current prices (in I$ )", labeled as variable "cgdp2". 12132: 17086: 15185: 12629: 4324:, which differ from those of the contiguous United States in that there are two letter before the number. The most well-known prefix is KP4, but others separated for use on the 2618: 2237:

The Puerto Rico Climate Change Council (PRCCC) noted severe changes in seven categories: air temperature, precipitation, extreme weather events, tropical storms and hurricanes,

1823: 9839: 8086: 15729: 14524: 14378: 10621: 9645:

Roselló, Pedro Luis Perea (April–June 1963). Santiago, Maria García; Vega, Pedro Malavey; González, José M. Novoa; Goyco, Edwin Toro (eds.). "Res communes omnium". Doctrina.

7941:

González (2012; in Spanish) " al analizarse la deuda pública de la Isla contra el Producto Interno Bruto (PIB), se ubicaría en una relación deuda/PIB de 68% aproximadamente."

3037:

It has also established trade promotion offices in many foreign countries, all Spanish-speaking, and within the U.S. itself, which now include Spain, the Dominican Republic,

16397: 11780: 15419: 11398:"U.S. Department of State. Foreign Affairs Manual: Volume 7 – Consular Affairs (7 FAM 1120), 'Acquisition of U.S. Nationality in U.S. Territories and Possessions', pp. 1–3" 18890: 6193:

During the 1940s, sections of Old San Juan fell into disrepair, and many renovation plans were suggested. There was even a strong push to develop Old San Juan as a "small

5685:, indicated that only 56% of Puerto Ricans were Catholic, 33% were Protestant, and 8% were unaffiliated; this survey was completed between October 2013 and February 2014. 4041:

and the military preparedness of the U.S. A 2018 study by economists at Boston-based Reeve & Associates and Puerto Rico-based Estudios Tecnicos has concluded that the

3494: 19132: 18219: 15912: 6705: 20175: 19402: 15374: 9658: 16752: 2807:. Specifically, the basic question is whether Puerto Rico should remain an unincorporated territory of the U.S., become a U.S. state, or become an independent country. 20772: 19861: 15272: 13439: 12303: 8914: 15937: 13932: 11919: 16956: 15548: 13502: 5777:, hired its first rabbi in 1954. Puerto Rico has the largest Jewish community in the Caribbean, numbering 3000 people, and is the only Caribbean island in which the 5498:

fluent in English. English is taught as a second language and is a compulsory subject from elementary levels to high school. The languages of the deaf community are

1631:

Located in the northeastern Caribbean, Puerto Rico formed a key part of the Spanish Empire from the early years of the exploration, conquest and colonization of the

15846: 15389: 14863: 14321: 11306: 11199:

Alberts, Allison; Lemm, Jeffrey; Grant, Tandora; Jackintell, Lori (2004), "Testing the Utility of Headstarting as a Conservation Strategy for West Indian Iguanas",

10583: 6645: 20278: 18055: 18017: 16428: 3143:, mostly but not exclusively in Latin America. For example, Maricarmen Aponte, a Puerto Rican and now an acting assistant secretary of state, previously served as 821: 13310: 12237:

Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense, Reserve Affairs; "Official Guard and Reserve Manpower Strengths and Statistics – Summary End Fiscal Year 1996;" 1996

11690: 8947: 7561: 6001:

companies, rather than employing government-owned hospitals and emergency centers. The Reform is administered by the Puerto Rico Health Insurance Administration.

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into returning to the church, while tribal Africans used them as protection from the evil spirits they represented. True to their historic origins, Puerto Rican

5513:

has evolved into having many idiosyncrasies in vocabulary and syntax that differentiate it from the Spanish spoken elsewhere. Puerto Rican Spanish utilizes many

3634: 3337:

The former U.S. Navy facilities at Roosevelt Roads, Vieques, and Sabana Seca have been deactivated and partially turned over to the local government. Other than

3294:

At different times in the 20th century, the U.S. had about 25 military or naval installations in Puerto Rico. The largest of these installations were the former

3144: 14123: 10429: 10278: 6576: 5878: 5674: 1635:. The island was a major military post during many wars between Spain and other European powers for control of the region in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. 20151: 16272: 14169: 14052: 12667: 7343: 6031:), African, and, more recently, some North American and many South Americans. Many Cubans and Dominicans have relocated to the island in the past few decades. 3731:

throughout time. Puerto Rico currently has a public debt of $ 72.204 billion (equivalent to 103% of GNP), and a government deficit of $ 2.5 billion.

3117: 3077: 3020: 2579: 2118:

Between the dry and wet seasons, there is a temperature change of around 6 °F (3.3 °C). This change is due mainly to the warm waters of the tropical

15470: 15444: 15129: 10726: 10168: 9941: 9813: 8116: 3072:

At the local level, Puerto Rico established by law that the international relations which states and territories are allowed to engage must be handled by the

15492: 13798: 12075: 8026:

JOC (2013) "The GAO report said its interviews with shippers indicated they believed that opening the trade to non-U.S.-flag competition could lower costs."

7932:

Vera Rosado (2013; in Spanish) "Para mejorar la calidad de servicio, que se impacta principalmente por deficiencias administrativas y no por falta de dinero"

7832: 6584: 5590: 4316:

Telecommunications in Puerto Rico includes radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the Internet. Broadcasting in Puerto Rico is regulated by the

2098:. Temperatures are warm to hot year round, averaging near 85 °F (29 °C) in lower elevations and 70 °F (21 °C) in the mountains. Easterly 1683: 1318: 15816: 14251: 14097: 12080:

She noted that her campaign to become resident commissioner garnered more votes in 2016 than any other candidate for office in the unincorporated territory.

10229: 8696:

Pueblo v. Tribunal Superior, 92 D.P.R. 596 (1965). Translation taken from the English text, 92 P.R.R. 580 (1965), pp. 588–89. See also López-Baralt Negrón,

6829:

Puerto Rico has been commemorated on four U.S. postal stamps. Insular Territories were commemorated in 1937, the third stamp honored Puerto Rico featuring '

18965: 15544:

Tesauro de datos historicos: indice compendioso de la literatura histórica de Puerto Rico, incluyendo algunos datos inéditos, periodísticos y cartográficos

15160: 13244: 12452: 11803:"Puerto Rico Manufacturers Association, CEO Summit, Federal and Local Incentives: Where we are, Where We Want to be. Amaya Iraolagoitia, Partner, Tax Dept" 10313: 9061: 6332:. Similar masks signifying evil spirits were used in both Spain and Africa, though for different purposes. The Spanish used their masks to frighten lapsed 4254:) was signed. This law authorized PREPA to sell infrastructure and services to other providers. As a result, a contract was signed on 22 June 2020, making 4218: 3910: 2458: 1729: 19886: 17051: 14284: 13970: 12478: 10817: 9092: 20762: 20752: 19418: 6201:

in Old San Juan. The paradigm to reconstruct and renovate the old city and revitalize it has been followed by other cities in the Americas, particularly

5449:

in 2017, combined with the unincorporated territory's worsening economy, led to its greatest population decline since the U.S. acquired the archipelago.

3734:

By American standards, Puerto Rico is underdeveloped: It is poorer than Mississippi, the poorest state of the U.S., with 41% of its population below the

3630: 16991: 12585: 10700: 20454: 18861: 18249: 18178: 16178: 16047: 15657: 15242: 13652: 13525: 10146: 7782:. It had been using the former spelling in its legislative and judicial records since it acquired the archipelago. Patricia Gherovici states that both 5892:

Instruction at the primary school level is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 18. As of 2010, there are 1539 public schools and 806 private schools.

5841:

for example having a branch in San Juan. There are several atheist activist and educational organizations, and an atheistic parody religion called the

4941: 4905: 4887: 4869: 4851: 4815: 4797: 4758: 2409: 354: 16615: 15039: 13874: 13473: 13381: 9293: 5170:

and numerous Spanish loyalists from Spain's former colonies in South America. Settlers from outside Spain also arrived in the islands, including from

3770:

and electricity generation, as well as its dependency on food imports and raw materials, makes Puerto Rico volatile and highly reactive to changes in

19815: 14833: 11840:

An Overview of the Special Tax Rules Related to Puerto Rico and an Analysis of the Tax and Economic Policy Implications of Recent Legislative Options

7206: 3926: 2595: 1205: 13733: 13710: 13417: 8008:

Santiago (2021) "Local detractors of the Jones Act for many years have unsuccessfully tried to have Puerto Rico excluded from the law's provisions"

6043:

was officially founded, branching out from the "Escuela Normal Industrial", a smaller organization that was founded in Fajardo three years earlier.

5529:

were adopted in the contexts of foods, music, and dances, particularly in coastal towns with concentrations of descendants of Sub-Saharan Africans.

2892:. Residents of Puerto Rico pay into Social Security, and are thus eligible for Social Security benefits upon retirement. They are excluded from the 2166:(also known as the San Felipe Segundo hurricane in Puerto Rico) of September 1928 is the only hurricane to make landfall as a Category 5 hurricane. 19805: 16466:

for the fiscal year ended on 31 December 2005, pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, accessed on 4 November 2006.

12342: 12002: 9749: 9731: 9349: 8379: 6387:("Description of the Island and City of Puerto Rico"). This historical book was the first to make a detailed geographic description of the island. 2348: 797: 14650: 13907: 12425: 11445: 5429:, poverty, cheap airfares, and promotion by the island government caused waves of Puerto Ricans to move to the U.S. mainland, particularly to the 20712: 20697: 20198: 19395: 16242: 14806: 14756: 10648: 10455: 10261: 10199: 7142: 5846: 5810: 3603: 2537: 13277: 11130: 19854: 16016: 14465: 13621: 2831: 1529: 15894: 14902: 12563: 11753: 10359: 10333: 9710: 5659:

article in March 2014 stated that "more than 70 percent of whom identify themselves as Catholic" but provided no source for this information.

5525:

are most often used in the context of vegetation, natural phenomena, and native musical instruments. Similarly, words attributed to primarily

5406:. In fact, non-hispanic people represent 1.1% and majority of them are from the U.S. mainland. Smaller numbers of U.S. citizens come from the 2198:

became the third hurricane in three years to hit Puerto Rico. The recovering infrastructure from the 2017 hurricanes, as well as new governor

20747: 18022: 11151:

Ewel, J.L. & J.L. Whitmore. 1973. The ecological life zones of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. USDA For. Serv. Res. Pap. ITF-18.

11093: 10756: 5355: 929: 18244: 15987: 15763: 13585: 8465: 7989:

MRGI (2008) "Many female migrants leave their families behind due to the risk of illegal travel and the high cost of living in Puerto Rico."

3653:, and for pathogens in plant parts in baggage and cargo. Pathogen interceptions were dramatically (17%) higher 1999–2000 than in 1985–1986. 2746:

free from U.S. authority. In terms of party strength, the PPD and PNP usually hold about 47% of the vote each while the PIP holds about 5%.

20181: 18070: 17326: 16791: 16069: 15695: 15570: 15077: 10670: 10038: 8642: 7557: 5946: 5241:

Puerto Rico has a life expectancy of approximately 82.1 years according to the CIA World Factbook, an improvement from 78.7 years in 2010.

4142:

in Aguadilla, and 27 local airports. The Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport is the largest aerial transportation hub in the Caribbean.

3905:

For practical reasons the budget is divided into two aspects: a "general budget" which comprises the assignments funded exclusively by the

3447:

Puerto Rico is the only current U.S. jurisdiction whose legal system operates primarily in a language other than American English: namely,

974: 300: 16121: 12042: 5437:. This trend continued even as Puerto Rico's economy improved and its birth rate declined. Puerto Ricans continue to follow a pattern of " 20732: 14941: 14733: 13830: 12373: 11343: 11283: 10787: 10289: 7107: 6724:

century, from the U.S. Puerto Rican music culture today comprises a wide and rich variety of genres, ranging from indigenous genres like

4127: 13208: 12123: 11802: 9028: 2714:

PNP, on the other hand, has ruled both the executive and legislative branch concurrently for 16 years. The other 12 years experienced a

2250:

Surveys have shown climate change is a matter of concern for most Puerto Ricans. The territory has enacted laws and policies concerning

1764:

during the 3 November 2020 general elections; the ballot asked one question: "Should Puerto Rico be admitted immediately into the Union

19891: 19388: 17289: 17075: 16562: 15170:

Universe: Foreign-born population in Puerto Rico excluding population born at sea. 2010–2014 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates

15107: 13125: 11572: 9684: 4666: 4278: 4272: 4109:('Urban Train'). Other forms of Puerto Rican public transport include seaborne ferries that serve Puerto Rico's archipelago as well as 3934: 3093: 1667: 1369: 138: 110: 15181: 14984: 12621: 10094: 9251:"¡Adelante Hermanas de la Raza!, Josefina Silva de Cintron and Puerto Rican Women's Feminismo. – The New York's World Fair: 1939–1940" 8664: 6841:. In the "Flags of our nation series" 2008–2012, of the fifty-five, five territorial flags were featured. Forever stamps included the 6112:, and many other architectural forms are visible throughout the island. From town to town, there are also many regional distinctions. 5697:

in Puerto Rico. This affiliation accounted for under 1% of the population in 2010 according to the Pew Research report. There are two

2150:, similar to the rest of the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean. On average, a quarter of its annual rainfall is contributed from 1509:

in Italian, French, and Portuguese). The name was changed back to Puerto Rico in 1931 by a joint resolution in Congress introduced by

20722: 20444: 20034: 19847: 18838: 18224: 18131: 17407: 17339: 13157: 13028: 9835: 8925: 8078: 7790:

were used interchangeably in the news media and documentation before, during, and after the U.S. conquest of the island in 1898. The

7276: 7268: 6996: 6789:. In 1907, Paoli was the first operatic artist in world history to record an entire opera – when he participated in a performance of 5702: 2794: 2629: 1725: 1346: 1252: 877: 16336: 15721: 10120: 7295: 7286:

Puerto Rican athletes have won ten medals in Olympic competition (two gold, two silver, six bronze), the first one in 1948 by boxer

5398:. Additionally, there are many non-Puerto Rican U.S. citizens settling in Puerto Rico from the U.S. mainland, majority of which are 4139: 1928:, most of which originate in the Cordillera Central. Rivers in the northern region of the island are typically longer and of higher 18958: 18720: 17860: 12958: 10613: 10393: 6988: 6158:

The oldest parts of the district of Old San Juan remain partly enclosed by massive walls. Several defensive structures and notable

5928: 2949:

of the U.S. Supreme Court. Puerto Ricans have also been frequently appointed to high-level federal positions, including serving as

2778: 2774: 2659:; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the U.S. government. Municipalities are subdivided into wards or 319: 16405: 15414: 11776: 7220:

has gathered some exposition, with teams like "Puerto Rico Street Ball" competing against established organizations including the

6054:

has been made official by the Government of Puerto Rico. Other popular, traditional, or unofficial symbols of Puerto Rico are the

3902:

spent on debt service. Harsher budget cuts are expected as Puerto Rico must now repay larger chunks of debts in the coming years.

20777: 16516: 15014: 14079: 13837: 12100: 11428: 10843: 7436:, but the term is not considered offensive by Puerto Ricans. It has been most famously used by Puerto Rican musicians, including 6079: 3914: 3864: 3716: 2715: 2704: 2567: 1365: 1338: 654: 166: 12189: 11569:"Special committee on decolonization approves text calling on United States to expedite Puerto Rican self-determination process" 9327: 9200: 8965:

PUERTO RICO: Fiscal Relations with the Federal Government and Economic Trends during the Phaseout of the Possessions Tax Credit.

2363:

In addition to El Yunque National Forest, the Puerto Rican moist forest ecoregion is represented by protected areas such as the

1372:, launched a series of economic projects to develop Puerto Rico into an industrial high-income economy. It is classified by the 20298: 18171: 16772: 15916: 13175: 11977: 11174: 8538: 5713: 4233:

in Puerto Rico. PREPA was, by law, the only entity authorized to conduct such business in Puerto Rico, effectively making it a

2925: 2800: 2723: 2571: 2433: 1393: 125: 14702: 11668: 7812:

caused the name of the island to be officially misspelled". However, Gervasio Luis Garcia traces the Anglicized spelling to a

5597:

in 1511. In 1512, priests were established for the parochial churches. By 1759, there was a priest for each church. One Pope,

16769: 16749: 16726: 16693: 16599: 15971: 14978: 14935: 12287: 12256: 11372: 11208: 10928: 10909: 10451: 9927: 9505: 9466: 9398: 9262: 9237: 9131: 8838: 8811: 8784: 8751: 8609: 7307: 7161:

acts as the top-level professional basketball league in Puerto Rico and has experienced success since its beginning in 1930.

6155:. It also houses the oldest Catholic school for elementary education in Puerto Rico, the Colegio de Párvulos, built in 1865. 5938: 5916: 5043: 3906: 3879: 3008: 2404:

being the first focus for the reintroduction of the highly endangered Puerto Rican parrot outside of the Sierra de Luquillo.

2248:

Climate change also affects Puerto Rico's population, the economy, human health, and the number of people forced to migrate.

1288: 427: 15295: 15264: 13347: 11777:"The Heritage Foundation, 11 March 2009. "D.C. Voting Rights: No Representation? No Taxation!", By Robert A. Book, PhD" 11397: 10009: 9557: 9511: 9472: 9404: 8911: 8895: 5773:; this religion accounts for under 1% of the population in 2010 according to the Pew Research report. The synagogue, called 2965:

A map of Puerto Rico showing its 78 municipalities; the islands of Vieques and Culebra have their own municipal governments.

20328: 19739: 18725: 17877: 17835: 17724: 17670: 16807:"Flags of our nation series 2008–2012, Arago: people, postage & the post", National Postal Museum. Viewed 7 March 2014. 14494:[AEE Employees Protest Against LUMA at the Federal Courthouse and Fiscal Oversight Management Board Headquarters]. 13943: 12322: 7264: 7260: 7126: 6047:

Caribbean and North America have played a vital role in the more recent musical influences which have reached Puerto Rico.

4202: 4196: 4094: 4037:

application of the Jones Act for Puerto Rico are highly uncertain" for both Puerto Rico and the U.S., particularly for the

3930: 3124: 3105: 3097: 2839: 2743: 2652: 2610: 1671: 1519: 1334: 1240: 682: 17244: 16964: 14350:"GAO-13-260, Puerto Rico: Characteristics of the Island's Maritime Trade and Potential Effects of Modifying the Jones Act" 14014: 13498: 12399: 11893: 10591: 6763: 6167: 3843:

extended to 31 May. It is essential for Puerto Rico to reach restructuring deals to avoid a bankruptcy-like process under

3594:(primarily pharmaceuticals, textiles, petrochemicals and electronics) followed by services (primarily finance, insurance, 20529: 18951: 17845: 17825: 17455: 17437: 15850: 15215: 14871: 14010: 8923:

GREGORIO IGARTÚA, ET AL., Plaintiffs, Appellants, v. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, ET AL., Defendants, Appellees. No. 09-2186

7519:), a direct reference to the island's size in nautical miles. Various Puerto Rican singers have used the term, including 7130: 6469:

With the Puerto Rican diaspora of the 1940s, Puerto Rican literature was greatly influenced by a phenomenon known as the

6016: 5963: 5902: 5494:

Out of people aged five and older, 94.3% speak only Spanish at home, 5.5% speak English, and 0.2% speak other languages.

3824: 3490: 3414: 2921: 2750: 2727: 2587: 2559: 2552: 2230:, Puerto Rico is the most affected by climate change. The territory's energy consumption is mainly derived from imported 2046: 1761: 1735: 692: 624: 604: 581: 557: 12216: 9609: 8326: 5616: 247: 17475: 17450: 17417: 17387: 16475:

Giovannetti, Jorge L. "Popular Music and Culture in Puerto Rico: Jamaican and Rap Music as Cross-Cultural Symbols", in

15613: 13766: 13320: 11694: 10859:"An assessment of the impacts of climate change on Puerto Rico's Cultural Heritage with a case study on sea-level rise" 10064: 9003: 8941: 7175: 7091: 7026: 6992: 6665: 5932: 4616: 3898: 3860: 3541: 3462: 3073: 2735: 2633: 2632:. Residents of Puerto Rico, including other U.S. citizens, cannot vote in U.S. presidential elections, but can vote in 2521: 2413: 1697:

applied within its territory and that any domestic Puerto Rican laws which did not conflict with it remained in force.

1590: 1280: 910: 17040:"Who is Mónica Puig the Puerto Rico player who won the gold medal in the Rio 2016 Olympic Games women's tennis final?" 16539: 11720: 11484: 11060: 7477:

area is 3,513 m² (9,100 km²), with land covering 3,424 m² (8,868 km²) and internal costal waters 89 m² (232 km²). Its

2226:

has had large impacts on the ecosystems and landscapes of the US territory Puerto Rico. According to a 2019 report by

1916: 19188: 18164: 17946: 17692: 17548: 17465: 17460: 16463: 16362: 16099: 14406: 14056: 11602: 11512: 10419: 10272: 7655: 7369: 6024: 6020: 5195: 4610: 4317: 4082: 3649:

and other plant parts – both in terms of number of problems and diversity of species – for insects in plant parts in

3326:

in San Juan, the former U.S. Air Force's Ramey Air Force Base in Aguadilla, and the Puerto Rico Air National Guard's

3139:

Many Puerto Ricans have served as U.S. ambassadors to different nations and international organizations, such as the

3128: 3081: 2916:

Many federal executive branch agencies have significant presence in Puerto Rico, just as in any state, including the

2417: 2371: 1693: (1906), involving the Foraker Act and referring to the island as "the acquired country", soon affirmed that the 571: 16264: 14173: 11542: 9982:

Esterrich, Carmelo (2009). "Edenes insostenibles: El campo de la ciudad en la intentona cultural de los cincuenta".

8968: 6870:

Puerto Rican cuisine has its roots in the cooking traditions and practices of Europe (Spain), Africa and the native

20727: 20250: 20204: 19870: 19701: 19101: 18793: 18187: 18027: 17470: 17412: 17319: 17290:"Special Committee on Decolonization Calls Upon United States to Expedite Puerto Rico's Self-Determination Process" 15466: 15436: 15416:

Puerto Rico Governor Luis Fortuño Proposes Plan For Island's Public Schools To Teach In English Instead Of Spanish.

15136: 14586: 14356: 14225: 10172: 9148: 8714: 7544: 6028: 5463:, the population of the Commonwealth had declined by 532,095 people since the 2010 Census data had been tabulated. 5187: 4033: 3933:(PREPA; the government monopoly that controls all electricity on the island) reporting losses of $ 272M, while the 3602:); agriculture represents less than 1% of GNP. In recent years, it has also become a popular destination for MICE ( 3136:, a Republican, elected in 2016. She received more votes than any other official elected in Puerto Rico that year. 3084:, who also serves as the unincorporated territory's lieutenant governor. It is also charged to liaise with general 2648: 2425: 2421: 1894: 1713: 1605: 1133: 1125: 1038: 1033: 537: 281: 63: 16310: 16152: 15330: 13808: 12066: 8438: 8301: 8250: 7378:) reads: "The term 'Commonwealth' does not describe or provide for any specific political status or relationship." 3327: 2994: 2091: 20737: 20187: 18912: 17975: 17865: 17714: 17427: 17422: 15824: 14258: 14101: 11914: 10233: 9434: 7738: 7146: 6187: 6131: 5993:('The Reform') – is a government-run program which provides medical and health care services to the indigent and 5838: 5476: 4135: 4063: 3660: 3622: 3255: 3140: 2917: 2874: 2790: 2731: 2382: 2297: 2086:

Köppen climate types in Puerto Rico indicating that the island primarily has rainforest and monsoon climate types

1358: 1232: 696: 561: 384: 177: 16489: 14556: 13254: 11026: 10548: 10523: 10307: 6344:, coconut shells and fine metal screening are sometimes used as well. Red and black were the typical colors for 6015:

Modern Puerto Rican culture is a unique mix of cultural antecedents: including European (predominantly Spanish,

3470:. Although Puerto Rico has since followed the federal example of transferring criminal and civil procedure from 2756: 20310: 20304: 18907: 18813: 18667: 18100: 18060: 18007: 17870: 17709: 17570: 17526: 17392: 16204: 15793: 14590: 14294: 9100: 7814: 7483: 7323: 5825:

represented about 0.70% of the population, with 324 congregations. Buddhism in Puerto Rico is represented with

5582: 5207: 3474:

to rules promulgated by the judiciary, several portions of its criminal law still reflect the influence of the

3455:

operates primarily in English, all Puerto Rican attorneys must be bilingual in order to litigate in English in

3263: 3216: 2929: 2770: 2739: 2533: 2528:

subject to the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United States. All governmental powers are delegated by the

2429: 2388: 2170: 2042: 1785: 1648: 1401: 858: 527: 17140: 12904:

Liebhold, Andrew M.; Tobin, Patrick C. (2008). "Population Ecology of Insect Invasions and Their Management".

11936: 8225: 1712:

and its approval by Congress and Puerto Rican voters in 1952. However, the political status of Puerto Rico, a

18264: 18211: 17956: 17629: 17602: 17402: 13081: 12971: 12596: 10566: 10524:"Contribution of Tropical Cyclones to the North Atlantic Climatological Rainfall as Observed from Satellites" 8803:

Subject People and Colonial Discourses: Economic Transformation and Social Disorder in Puerto Rico, 1898–1947

6838: 6097: 5602: 5105: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4636: 4311: 4086: 4054: 4038: 3767: 3676: 3295: 3287: 3173:

As it is an unincorporated U.S. territory, the defense of Puerto Rico is provided by the U.S. as part of the

2970: 2762: 2656: 2609:

Puerto Rico is represented in the U.S. Congress by a nonvoting delegate to the House of Representatives, the

2216: 1326: 1306: 1181: 1082: 591: 449: 18602: 18234: 16623: 16182: 16039: 11837: 10727:"Pittsburgh Army Corps teams in Puerto Rico, Florida ahead of Dorian's mainland arrival | TribLIVE.com" 4923: 4674: 3937:(PRASA; the government monopoly that controls all water utilities on the island) reported losses of $ 112M. 2022: 20757: 20230: 19901: 19729: 19347: 19254: 18902: 17926: 17887: 17697: 17397: 17216: 13866: 13469: 13370: 9627: 9289: 9275: 8599: 7158: 7133:

in 1957. Since then, it has won more than 30 medals in international competitions, including gold in three

6171: 5612: 3996:, which prevents foreign-flagged ships from carrying cargo between two American ports, a practice known as 3645:

due to PR's position as an intermediary on the way to the mainland. This is one of the worst locations for

3591: 3514: 3205: 2893: 2352: 1819: 1389: 1153: 1023: 666: 41: 17172: 16835:

Yined Ramírez-Hendrix. El Nuevo Herald (Miami, Florida). 27 July 2011. Page D12. Accessed 24 January 2021.

15960:

Eduardo Giorgetti Y Su Mundo: La Aparente Paradoja De Un Millonario Genio Empresarial Y Su Noble Humanismo

12154:

Roads Naval facility on the island of Vieques, as distinct from the Roosevelt Roads Naval station in Cieba

9217: 9173:

H. B. Grose, Advance in the Antilles: the new era in Cuba and Porto Rico, Presbyterian Home Missions, 1910

8047: 3885: 3109: 1510: 1279:. By the late 19th century, a distinct Puerto Rican identity began to emerge, centered around a fusion of 1215:

Puerto Rico was settled by a succession of peoples beginning 2,000 to 4,000 years ago; these included the

18873: 18851: 18045: 17997: 17820: 17312: 15325: 13743: 12906: 12852: 12774:"Global threats from invasive alien species in the twenty-first century and national response capacities" 8512: 8472: 8434: 7007: 6276:

María de los Dolores Gutiérrez del Mazo, in colonial Puerto Rico, in 1796, by the mulatto Rococo painter

6091: 5818: 5139: 4606: 4230: 4226: 4179: 4042: 4021:

and send Puerto Rico-bound manufactured goods to Puerto Rico across the ocean by U.S.-flagged ships. The

3993: 3989: 3958: 3942: 3567: 3427: 3279: 3266:– which performs missions equivalent to those of the Air National Guards of each one of the U.S. states. 2990: 2975:

Unlike the vast majority of U.S. states, Puerto Rico has no first-order administrative divisions akin to

2625: 2203: 1740: 1709: 1373: 1350: 784: 115: 33: 17: 12505:"Arrests of Elvin Manuel Otero Tarzia, Sebastian Angelo Saldana, Kevin Rivera Ruiz, and a Male Juvenile" 12350: 12012: 9753: 9726: 8466:"Table 2. Resident Population for the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico: 2020 Census" 5213:

Between 1960 and 1990, the census questionnaire in Puerto Rico did not ask about race or ethnicity. The

1743:. 61.16% voted for statehood, 33.34% for a sovereign free-associated state, and 5.49% for independence. 20467: 18622: 18577: 18012: 17936: 17913: 17014: 16929: 14496: 13161: 13153: 12915: 12861: 12728: 12715: 7507:) and 65 kilometers wide (40 statute miles; 35 nautical miles). Boricuas often refer to Puerto Rico as 7134: 6592: 5729: 5503: 5430: 5058: 4090: 3894: 3868: 3724: 3664: 3595: 3323: 3236: 3182: 2470: 2290: 2282: 1925: 37: 18587: 18572: 18482: 18462: 17163: 16234: 10858: 10644: 10254: 10207: 9269:

Note: The phase "The Island of Enchantment" has been traced back to a travel guide by that title that

6405: 6366: 5709: 5585:

was brought by Spanish colonists and gradually became the dominant religion in Puerto Rico. The first

3663:

are both determining factors for its economic prosperity, primarily due to its relatively small size;

3489:, which is the only appellate court required by the Constitution. All other courts are created by the 2400:

country of Puerto Rico is also home to one of the remaining rainforest tracts in the island, with the

2049:

since 1918, estimated at magnitude 6.4. Economic losses were estimated to be more than $ 3.1 billion.

20717: 20707: 19823: 19259: 18868: 18607: 18562: 18317: 18287: 18229: 17812: 17558: 16849:

Viviana Caraballo. El Nuevo Herald (Miami, Florida). 6 January 1999. p. 19. Accessed 24 January 2021.

15365:

VIENTOS-GASTON, "Informe del Procurador General sobre el idioma", 36 Rev. Col. Ab. (P.R.) 843 (1975).

13287: 11118: 9096: 7187: 6391: 6246:

coast. It is a blend of wood and masonry, incorporating architectural elements of other styles, from

6163: 6040: 5984: 5896: 5526: 5214: 5094: 4646: 4584: 4569: 4554: 4539: 4524: 4509: 4494: 4479: 4464: 4449: 4434: 4419: 4404: 4389: 4374: 4294: 4022: 3720: 3486: 3220: 2507: 2444: 2344: 2301: 2255: 2251: 2163: 2147: 1910: 1705: 1209: 1115: 18342: 16012: 15950:

Coraly Cruz Mejias. Global Press Journal. Washington, DC. 14 October 2019. Accessed 23 October 2020.

15379:

Muniz-Arguelles, Luis. University of Puerto Rico. c. 1988. Page 466. Retrieved 4 December 2012.

13470:"Nearly two years after Hurricane Maria devastation, Puerto Rico welcomes record number of tourists" 13440:"Nearly two years after Hurricane Maria devastation, Puerto Rico welcomes record number of tourists" 7342:

Despite being under the sovereignty of the United States since 1898, Puerto Rico has not been fully

6415: 5821:, and reported having a membership of approximately 23,000 in the commonwealth. In 2015, the 25,832 2599: 2401: 20236: 19719: 19326: 18770: 18597: 18487: 18442: 18312: 18002: 17779: 17702: 17639: 17553: 17489: 17146: 15898: 14894: 14676: 12555: 11889: 11745: 10355: 10329: 9705: 7487: 7287: 6822: 6423: 6109: 5952: 5862: 5605:

in Puerto Rico have at least one Catholic church, most of which are located at the town center, or

3656: 3437: 3407: 3363: 2933: 2878: 2591: 2286: 1932:

than those of the south, since the south receives less rain than the central and northern regions.

1777: 1644: 1310: 1292: 1121: 704: 661: 202: 18552: 18517: 17634: 17607: 17270: 13594: 11571:(Press release). Department of Public Information, United Nations General Assembly. 13 June 2006. 11082: 8017:

JOC (2013) "Repealing or amending the Jones Act cabotage law might cut Puerto Rico shipping costs"

6288:

Puerto Rican art reflects many influences, much from its ethnically diverse background. A form of

5733: 4740: 3953: 1556: 99: 20598: 18878: 18803: 18422: 18254: 18239: 18085: 17987: 17941: 17850: 17830: 17800: 17563: 16565:[Do we or do we not have a national bird?] (in Spanish). La Perla del Sur. Archived from 15983: 15755: 14326: 14252:"Impact of the Coastwise Trade Laws on the Transportation System of the United States of America" 13068: 13024: 12848:"Emerald Ash Borer Invasion of North America: History, Biology, Ecology, Impacts, and Management" 10203: 8141: 7317: 7202: 6554: 6515: 6494: 6357: 6183: 5698: 5694: 5415: 5135: 4833: 4670: 4627:, economic migration, and Puerto Rico's status as unincorporated territory of the United States. 3909:, and the "consolidated budget" which comprises the assignments funded by the general budget, by 3693: 3607: 3579: 3452: 3315: 3201: 3190: 3156: 3085: 3062: 2548: 2544: 2511: 2368: 2315: 2030: 1502: 1385: 1354: 1322: 957: 835: 547: 500: 18412: 18382: 18322: 16788: 16375: 16073: 15687: 15635: 15069: 14633: 14492:"Empleados de la AEE se manifiestan contra LUMA en el Tribunal federal y en la sede de la Junta" 10034: 9903: 8638: 7095: 6067: 4650: 3913:, by revenue expected from loans, by the sale of government bonds, by subsidies extended by the 2305: 2199: 20564: 20389: 19311: 18885: 18856: 18846: 18675: 18637: 18632: 18537: 18327: 18282: 18124: 18037: 17961: 17951: 17901: 17575: 17501: 17445: 17382: 17347: 17158: 16641: 16125: 12034: 9599:

Secretaría de Cultura y Turismo. Gobierno Municipal de Ponce. Ponce, Puerto Rico. 2003. p. 141.

9382:

America's colony: the political and cultural conflict between the United States and Puerto Rico

7795: 7374: 7312: 7256: 7194: 7141:

8 August 2004, became a landmark date for the team when it became the first team to defeat the

7050: 7038: 6658:, among others. Several television channels provide local content in the island. These include 6378: 6255: 6055: 6010: 5822: 5721: 5517:

words, as well as English words. The largest influence on the Spanish spoken in Puerto Rico is

5499: 4222: 4214: 3803: 3798: 3739: 3728: 3704: 3599: 3551: 3537: 3379: 3174: 2976: 2846: 2815: 2709: 2529: 2438: 2077: 1902: 1781: 1576: 1405: 1296: 885: 829: 673: 289: 193: 18943: 18567: 18502: 18352: 18297: 16589: 15542: 14925: 14792: 14432: 13841: 13063: 9776:"Puerto Rico votes on whether to change relationship with US, elects governor and legislators" 9458: 9390: 9250: 7499:

Puerto Rico, the main island of the archipelago of the same name, is 178 kilometers long (110

2498:. However, tourism, pollution, and hurricanes have highly threatened these unique ecosystems. 1857: 1802:

Puerto Rico consists of the main island of Puerto Rico and various smaller islands, including

19926: 19156: 19091: 18647: 18617: 18612: 18592: 18547: 18542: 18497: 18427: 18347: 18292: 18272: 18201: 18105: 18065: 17882: 17617: 17297: 15526: 14729: 14221: 13218: 12778: 12711:"Trade, transport and trouble: managing invasive species pathways in an era of globalization" 11809: 9386: 9270: 8275: 7836: 7168: 7046: 7030: 7011: 6979: 6834: 6812: 6786: 6456:

and talked about the harsh life in the remote and mountainous coffee regions in Puerto Rico.

6435: 6051: 5717: 5028: 4810: 4772: 4753: 4735: 4665:. Of the ten most populous cities on the island, eight are located within what is considered 4654: 4642: 4242: 4131: 4123: 3684: 3587: 3475: 3331: 3224: 2668: 2664: 2563: 2408:

forest in the Caribbean. Other protected dry forests in Puerto Rico can be formed within the

2339:, a small frog easily identified by the sound of its call, from which it gets its name. Most 2179: 2131: 2127: 1897:(also known as the Central Mountain Range in English). The highest elevation in Puerto Rico, 1795: 1687: 1652: 1189: 639: 409: 313: 18492: 16821:

York Daily Record (York, Pennsylvania). 15 December 2003. Page 35. Accessed 24 January 2021.

16566: 15574: 15099: 14964: 14146: 13064:"Worldwide border interceptions provide a window into human-mediated global insect movement" 11568: 11173:. USDA Forest Service Institute of Tropical Forestry. Forest Service Research Paper ITF-18. 10757:"Puerto Rico is in Dorian's bull's-eye: Three things to know as island braces for the storm" 10086: 9680: 8741: 7852: 7098:, who holds a silver medal, and three boxers who finished in third place, José Luis Vellón, 6447: 6362: 6152: 4145: 3687:

had applied to Puerto Rico. This IRS section was critical to the economy, as it established

3546: 3370:(1746–1786). They continue to be disproportionately represented in present-day conflicts in 3367: 3133: 2614: 2543:

The government of Puerto Rico is composed of three branches. The executive is headed by the

2126:, while the lowest temperature ever recorded was 40 °F (4 °C) in the mountains at 1244: 688: 20692: 20493: 20111: 20054: 20040: 19938: 19477: 19380: 19366: 18897: 18760: 18690: 18652: 18642: 18582: 18532: 18527: 18512: 18507: 18452: 18447: 18437: 18417: 18407: 18402: 18392: 18387: 18302: 18140: 18095: 18090: 18075: 17992: 17918: 17680: 14968: 13377: 13085: 12975: 12791: 12732: 12680: 11233: 10535: 10494: 9806:"H.R. 5278, Puerto Rico Oversight, Management and Economic Stability Act of 2016 (PROMESA)" 8672: 8146: 7237: 7150: 7019: 6854: 6842: 6796: 6697: 6528: 6178:, acted as the primary defenses of the settlement which was subjected to numerous attacks. 6115: 6101: 5922: 5910: 5510: 5472: 5121: 5109: 5101: 4333: 4329: 4237:

until 2018. The Authority is ruled by a governing board appointed by the governor with the

4171: 3791: 3575: 3510: 3311: 3273: 2734:(PIP). The three parties stand for different political status. The PPD, for example, seeks 2692: 2525: 2494: 2482: 2466: 2364: 2276: 2272: 2135: 2123: 1994: 1970:

topography on the island occurs in the northern region. The oldest rocks are approximately

1929: 1807: 1803: 1690: 1617: 1236: 1169: 1165: 984: 379: 86: 12923: 11746:"Reuters, 'Puerto Rico hopes to gain from U.S. healthcare reform', 24 September 2009" 8922: 7884:

pr.gov (in Spanish) "La manufactura es el sector principal de la economía de Puerto Rico."

7018:

for several series in 2003 and 2004 before they moved to Washington, D.C., and became the

5806: 3590:

per capita in Puerto Rico in 2020 was $ 21,740. Puerto Rico's economy is mainly driven by

2913:

if it were a state, insofar as doing so would not disrupt federal programs or operations.

577: 8: 20292: 20137: 20123: 20025: 20007: 19944: 19920: 19914: 19828: 19213: 19106: 19001: 18627: 18467: 18457: 18432: 18397: 18367: 18332: 18307: 18277: 18080: 17931: 17771: 17763: 17732: 17274: 16332: 15963: 12676: 11883:"Table 5. Internal Revenue Gross Collections, by Type of Tax and State, Fiscal year 2009" 10424: 10116: 8700:, 36, Revista Jurídica de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. 396 (1967), and Vientós-Gastón, 7210: 6752: 6725: 6715: 6542: 6457: 6235: 6210: 5814: 5725: 5638:

Another researcher gave a more conservative assessment of the proportion of Protestants:

5487: 5407: 5399: 5226: 5146:

During the 19th century, hundreds of families arrived in Puerto Rico, primarily from the

5013: 4983: 4662: 4234: 4074: 3893:

Projected deficits added substantial burdens to an already indebted nation which accrued

3743: 3559: 3456: 3387: 3351: 3251: 3186: 3166: 2684: 2393: 2357: 2238: 2095: 1417: 1381: 1272: 514: 508: 433: 415: 104: 20407: 19249: 15426:

Danica Coto. Huffington Latino Voices. 05/08/12 (8 May 2012). Retrieved 4 December 2012.

13089: 12979: 12795: 12736: 12684: 11596:"Political Status of Puerto Rico: Background, Options, and Issues in the 109th Congress" 11237: 10539: 10498: 10382: 9534: 9171: 7843: 7808:

that same year. Nancy Morris clarifies that "a curious oversight in the drafting of the

7347: 6770:

takes place annually in San Juan, drawing in classical musicians from around the world.

3839: 3742:

per capita in Latin America. Puerto Rico's main trading partners are the United States,

2583: 2575: 1271:, Puerto Rico played a secondary but strategic role compared to wealthier colonies like 20742: 20481: 20286: 20117: 20078: 20066: 19999: 19993: 19972: 19960: 19954: 19948: 19797: 19662: 19041: 18933: 18657: 18557: 18477: 18472: 18377: 18372: 18362: 18357: 18337: 18145: 17855: 17840: 17745: 17624: 17612: 17372: 17081: 16438: 15658:"Catholic Church and Puerto Rico officials at odds in widening sex abuse investigation" 14289: 13976: 13771: 13117: 13048: 12999: 12943: 12891: 12870: 12847: 12833: 12820: 12773: 12758: 12696: 11639: 11257: 11003: 10968: 10886: 9919: 9738:

John Marino. Caribbean Business. Released on 4 October 2011. Retrieved 8 December 2011.

9654: 8052: 7861: 7804: 7478: 7272: 7252: 6902: 6894:, vegetables, meat and poultry, seafood and shellfish, and fruits. Main dishes include 6863: 6510: 6470: 6239: 6224: 6216: 5968: 5663: 5623: 5460: 5438: 4998: 4828: 4782: 4658: 4238: 3431: 3299: 3259: 3197: 3178: 3030: 2827: 2688: 2603: 2474: 2450: 2053: 1906: 1839: 1701: 1675: 1433: 1201: 1145: 1005: 421: 18823: 17644: 14617: 12092: 8997:"Puerto Rico's Political Status and the 2012 Plebiscite: Background and Key Questions" 7119: 6404:, a collection of verses whose main themes were the poor Puerto Rican country farmer. 6348:

but their palette has expanded to include a wide variety of bright hues and patterns.

6144: 5132:. A census in 1887 found a population of around 800,000, of which 320,000 were black. 4081:

maintained by the Highways and Transportation Authority under the jurisdiction of the

3786: 3161: 20324: 20224: 20131: 20102: 20096: 19978: 19966: 19932: 19896: 19244: 18522: 16732: 16722: 16699: 16689: 16595: 16358: 15967: 15520: 14974: 14931: 14780: 13121: 13109: 13101: 13040: 12991: 12935: 12927: 12895: 12883: 12875: 12825: 12807: 12750: 12745: 12710: 12283: 12181: 12038: 11635: 11425: 11249: 11204: 11008: 10990: 10890: 10878: 9933: 9923: 9884: 9662: 9501: 9462: 9394: 9315: 9258: 9233: 9194: 9156: 9127: 8834: 8807: 8780: 8757: 8747: 8605: 7229: 7087: 6733: 6486: 6341: 6247: 5899:(UPR) with 11 campuses. The largest private university systems on the island are the 5826: 5778: 5737: 5547: 5482: 5403: 3735: 3240: 2946: 2909: 2857: 2322: 1959: 1811: 1694: 1377: 1046: 610: 18778: 17509: 17195: 13185: 13052: 13003: 12947: 12700: 11966: 11478:"2008 Presidential Primary Dates and Candidates Filling Datelines for Ballot Access" 11261: 11165: 10943: 10295:

Nicole Acevedo and Ben Kesslen. NBC News. 7 January 2020. Accessed 7 February 2022.

9649:. Printed in Spain: Imprenta vda. de Daniel Cochs—Cros. 23.—Barcelona (in Spanish). 7437: 7115: 7083: 6317:, where people prayed to them, asked for help, or tried to summon their protection. 6138:

of San Juan from 1864 to 1951, at which time the former independent municipality of

5514: 4767: 3988:

One of the most cited contributors to the high cost of living in Puerto Rico is the

2110:

stretching from December to March. The mountains of the Cordillera Central create a

1505:. The anglicized name was used by the U.S. government and private enterprises (also 20547: 20505: 20084: 20072: 20060: 20019: 19987: 19839: 19693: 19687: 19587: 18050: 17755: 17531: 13093: 13077: 13032: 12983: 12967: 12919: 12865: 12837: 12815: 12799: 12787: 12762: 12740: 12724: 12688: 11664: 11241: 10998: 10980: 10870: 10543: 10502: 9915: 9874: 9356:. Office of the Historian and the Clerk of the House's Office of Art and Archives. 8142:"2020 Census Illuminates Racial and Ethnic Composition of the Country: Puerto Rico" 7678: 7585: 7512: 7233: 7221: 7057: 7034: 6984: 6629: 6550: 6498: 6395: 6267: 6220: 5998: 5834: 5689: 5656: 5518: 5453: 5167: 5116: 4282: 4206: 4018: 3980: 3874: 3611: 3448: 3338: 3244: 3046: 2950: 2862: 2835: 2799:

The nature of Puerto Rico's political relationship with the U.S. is the subject of

2641: 2617:. Current congressional rules have removed the commissioner's power to vote in the 2376: 2374:. These areas are home to endangered endemic species such as the Puerto Rican boa ( 2259: 2195: 2151: 2018: 1879: 1851: 1640: 1613: 1594: 1525: 1485: 1284: 1216: 1197: 1193: 1149: 1103: 937: 471: 220: 154: 18730: 16637: 12248: 11368: 10459: 7445: 6506: 6482: 6277: 5670: 4730: 3212: 3165:

U.S. military installations and other federal lands in Puerto Rico (including the

2838:

apply to Puerto Rico as well, regardless of its political status. Their residents

2586:. The governor and legislators are elected by popular vote every four years, with 1267:, vastly changed the cultural and demographic landscape of the island. Within the 211: 20615: 20341: 20090: 18986: 18788: 18695: 17580: 17227: 16795: 16776: 16756: 16646: 15947: 15423: 15167: 12167: 11923: 11717:"Internal Revenue Service. ', Topic 903 – Federal Employment Tax in Puerto Rico'" 11432: 11401: 10874: 10570: 10001: 9860: 9735: 9717:

Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico. 28 December 2011. Retrieved 10 January 2012.

9714: 9681:"Members Hear Petitioners Speak up for Independence, Statehood, Free Association" 9580: 9551: 9495: 9452: 9380: 9323: 8972: 8951: 8929: 8918: 8899: 8892: 8828: 8801: 8173: 7980:

PRGDB "Financial Information and Operating Data Report to 18 October 2013" p. 142

7474: 7421: 7248: 7244: 6767: 6759: 6373: 6281: 6251: 6075: 6059: 5881:

was to be constructed. The school was free of charge and the courses taught were

5746: 5442: 5163: 4337: 4001: 3807: 3708: 3498: 3413:

A significant number of Puerto Ricans serve in the U.S. Armed Forces, largely as

3089: 3026: 2938: 2478: 2183: 2182:, as expected, veered away from Puerto Rico. A short time later, the devastating 1990: 1815: 1600: 1157: 553: 258: 18818: 17737: 17514: 14007:"World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples – Puerto Rico: Dominicans" 13803: 13343: 13315: 13282: 13180: 12343:"Latin American Herald Tribune – 80% of Puerto Rico Murders Called Drug-Related" 12007: 8665:"7 fam 1120 acquisition of u.s. nationality in u.s. territories and possessions" 7263:. Puerto Rico hosted the Pan Am Games in 1979 (officially in San Juan), and The 7010:

serves as the only active professional league, operating as a winter league. No

6560: 6466:

the cultural survival of the Puerto Rican identity after the American invasion.

5765:. Some aspects were absorbed into syncretic Christianity. In 1952, a handful of 5741: 5229:

survey indicated an adult literacy rate of 90.4% in 2012 based on data from the

2845:

Puerto Ricans "were collectively made U.S. citizens" in 1917 as a result of the

1457:

are commonly used to identify someone of Puerto Rican heritage, and derive from

20517: 20395: 20377: 20371: 20267: 20218: 20048: 20013: 19777: 19762: 19752: 19709: 19627: 19592: 19316: 19171: 18808: 18783: 18735: 18710: 18705: 17595: 17585: 17541: 17367: 16859: 15207: 14006: 13160:, Center for International Comparisons of Production, Income and Prices at the 12067:"She's Puerto Rico's Only Link to Washington. She Could Be Its Future Governor" 11882: 10383:"Morphology, Structure, and Tectonic Evolution of the Mona Canyon, Puerto Rico" 8354: 7694: 7540: 7243:

Puerto Rico has representation in all international competitions including the

7138: 7065: 7061: 7015: 6966: 6942: 6538: 6427: 6426:, also known as the Father of Puerto Rican Literature, ushered in a new age of 5627: 5594: 5446: 5230: 5199: 5147: 4620: 4009: 3966: 3771: 3672: 3350:

Puerto Ricans have participated in many U.S. military conflicts, including the

3269: 3193:, which by local law is under the authority of the Puerto Rico National Guard. 2823: 2804: 2490: 2397: 2242: 2223: 2174: 2119: 2057: 1979: 1901:

4,390 feet (1,340 m), is located in this range. Another important peak is

1898: 1835: 1268: 1260: 1248: 1228: 1137: 186: 20581: 18156: 17251: 16844: 16816: 16736: 15940:

as indigenous groups, as well as unrestricted access to their ancestral lands.

14640:, U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 9 December 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2014. 12692: 11245: 10309:

Analyst says earthquakes could cost Puerto Rico's economy up to $ 3.1 billion.

9628:"Teoría, Crítica e Historia: La abolición de la esclavitud y el mundo hispano" 8761: 7006:

was one of the first sports to gain widespread popularity in Puerto Rico. The

6928: 6139: 5798: 3629:

traffic that between 1984–2000 the San Juan PPQ station recorded 7.74% of all

2766:(English: Working People's Party) but none obtained more than 1% of the vote. 2667:

and a municipal legislature elected for a four-year term. The municipality of

1251:, but remained a Spanish possession for the next four centuries. An influx of 20686: 20660: 20646: 20413: 20365: 20347: 20254: 19782: 19757: 19667: 19572: 19532: 19204: 19183: 19166: 19111: 18978: 18745: 18740: 18700: 17231: 16903: 16881: 16830: 16703: 15006: 14369: 13105: 13044: 13036: 12995: 12931: 12879: 12811: 12754: 12212: 11253: 10994: 10882: 9888: 9666: 8996: 8404: 7771: 7767: 7504: 7425: 7294:

won the first gold medal for Puerto Rico in the Olympic Games by winning the

7099: 6817: 6778: 6243: 5786: 5766: 5557: 5351: 5090: 4959: 4936: 4321: 4290: 4166: 4098: 4026: 4005: 3688: 3638: 3571: 3482: 3471: 3403: 3343: 3307: 3209: 2889: 1983: 1831: 1397: 1342: 1330: 1302: 1177: 1129: 1072: 1067: 467: 334: 321: 271: 15609: 11337:"Constitution of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Article I, Section 2" 10985: 10060: 9963:

Helmer, Etienne (2011). "La ciudad contemporanea, una polis sin politica?".

9533:

Secretary's, Puerto Rico; Office, Puerto Rico Secretary's (1 January 1903).

8777:

Constructing a Colonial People: Puerto Rico and the United States, 1898–1932

8718: 7524: 7432:

to refer to Puerto Ricans or Puerto Rico. It is occasionally mistaken for a

7407:

are male-specific when ending in «o» and female-specific when ending in «a».

6637: 6398:, the first Puerto Rican writer of notable importance. In 1849 he published 4045:

has no impact on either retail prices or the cost of living on Puerto Rico.

3897:

of $ 71B or about 70% of Puerto Rico's gross domestic product. This sparked

3699: 2672: 1439:

name, which is popularly said to mean "Land of the Valiant Lord". The terms

20425: 20401: 20383: 20359: 20353: 19772: 19767: 19747: 19632: 19622: 19617: 19597: 19285: 18828: 18715: 18680: 17750: 17590: 17519: 16542:[Debate for the National Bird (first part)] (in Spanish). CienciaPR 16477:

Musical Migrations: Transnationalism and Cultural Hybridity in the Americas

14349: 13408:"Las estadísticas hablan: Puerto Rico camino a ser el "Detroit del Caribe"" 13113: 12939: 12887: 12829: 12327: 11716: 11477: 11307:"After Hurricane Maria, Puerto Rico's rare bioluminescent bays may go dark" 11083:"Iguaca Aviary Techniques used in the Puerto Rican Parrot Recovery Program" 11052: 11012: 10197: 9937: 9879: 9862: 8204:

Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española: Diccionario de Americanismos

7429: 7364: 7198: 7111: 7103: 7054: 6948: 6937: 6917: 6830: 6800: 6502: 6390:

Some of Puerto Rico's earliest writers were influenced by the teachings of

6340:

always bear at least several horns and fangs. While usually constructed of

6301: 6231: 6179: 6175: 6135: 6120: 5994: 5874: 5762: 5758: 5631: 5598: 5426: 5125: 4298: 3395: 2980: 2436:. Examples of endemic species found in this ecoregion are the higo chumbo ( 2231: 2065: 1871: 1847: 1843: 1747: 1185: 1173: 511: 394: 16095: 14410: 11595: 11520: 8893:

8 U.S. Code § 1402 – Persons born in Puerto Rico on or after 11 April 1899

8669:

U.S. Department of State Foreign Affairs Manual Volume 7- Consular Affairs

7014:

franchise or affiliate plays in Puerto Rico; however, San Juan hosted the

5425:

is a major part of contemporary Puerto Rican history. Starting soon after

5350:

The vast majority of recent immigrants, both legal and illegal, come from

4289:)—is a water company and the government-owned corporation responsible for 4059: 2961: 2082: 1768:?" The results showed that 52 percent of Puerto Rico voters answered yes. 20419: 20170: 19881: 19787: 19547: 19462: 19096: 19046: 19006: 18685: 17377: 16719:

Defending Their Own in the Cold: The Cultural Turns of U.S. Puerto Ricans

15443:. International Association for Language Education Policy Studies. 2013. 13149: 12249:"Research Guides: Commonwealth Caribbean Law Research Guide: Puerto Rico" 11967:"Opinión del Tribunal emitida por el Juez Asociado señor Martínez Torres" 11546: 11369:"U.S. Department of State. Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty" 10522:

Rodgers, Edward B.; Adler, Robert F.; Pierce, Harold F. (November 2001).

8963: 8334:

Gobierno de Puerto Rico: Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales

8109:"P. Rico Senate declares Spanish over English as first official language" 7809: 7469:

The area of the main island of Puerto Rico is 5,325 m² (13,792 km²). The

7291: 7049:

hosted the opening round as well as the second round of the newly formed

6782: 6741: 6490: 5842: 5805:; most Muslims are of Palestinian and Jordanian descent. There is also a 5782: 5732:

in the Island and serves a small growing community in the area. In 1940,

5644: 5573: 4328:(including Desecheo and Mona) are: KP3/KP4/NP3/NP4/WP3/WP4 (Puerto Rico, 4325: 4260: 4255: 4152: 4104: 4069:

Cities and towns in Puerto Rico are interconnected by a system of roads,

3646: 3391: 3375: 2870: 2850: 2810: 2227: 2111: 2099: 2061: 2002: 1875: 1663: 648: 633: 17175:[Data and Statistics about Puerto Rico and Its Municipalities]. 15236: 12803: 10701:"The entire island of Puerto Rico may be without electricity for months" 10420:"Historic heat is roasting Puerto Rico, where it feels like 125 degrees" 9316:"Treaty of Peace Between the United States and Spain; December 10, 1898" 8562:"Human Development Index Trends and Inequality in Puerto Rico 2010–2015" 8199: 7280: 7149:

players. Winning the inaugural game with scores of 92–73 as part of the

6960: 5750: 4918: 4029:

to exclude Puerto Rico from the Jones Act restrictions without success.

1544: 19582: 19577: 19452: 19321: 19149: 19144: 19026: 18750: 17304: 17141:

U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Puerto Rico

17117: 17076:"Monica Puig, Puerto Rico's Favorite Daughter (and Only Gold Medalist)" 16306: 16156: 15320: 14703:"Ham radio operators are saving Puerto Rico one transmission at a time" 14124:"MIDA concluye alto costo de vida es la preocupación mayor del boricua" 13015: 10200:"Late Cretaceous Siliceous Sponges From El Rayo Formation, Puerto Rico" 9438: 8704:, 36 Revista del Colegio de Abogados de PuertO Rico. (P.R.) 843 (1975). 8430: 7999:

The median value in the San Juan municipio was estimated at $ 170,000."

7433: 7217: 7079: 7075: 6546: 6534: 6333: 5705: 5422: 4116: 3583: 3563: 3524: 3467: 3441: 3399: 3319: 3054: 2637: 2107: 2103: 1936: 1887: 1790: 1765: 1314: 505: 19280: 16662: 16519:[Between laws and multiple pardons] (in Spanish). Primera Hora 13653:"Puerto Rico oversight board favors more time for restructuring talks" 13526:"Puerto Rico oversight board favors more time for restructuring talks" 10969:"An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm" 9863:"Ciencia y economía del guano: La isla mona en puerto rico, siglo XIX" 9750:"Fortuño calls for status, legislative reform votes on 12 August 2012" 4792: 4745: 2159: 2155: 2037:, several kilometers off the northern coast, and was accompanied by a 19672: 19637: 19542: 19517: 19228: 19178: 19081: 19056: 16493: 16433: 15534: 15296:"Eight Hispanic Groups Each Had a Million or More Population in 2020" 14564: 14529: 13831:"Financial Information and Operating Data Report to October 18, 2013" 13738: 13686:"Economistas se Oponen a las Reformas para 'estimular la economía'". 13249: 13238: 13236: 13213: 13097: 11167:

The Ecological Life Zones of Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands

11161: 11030: 10257:

a M 4.7 earthquake late on December 28 and a M 5.0 event a few hours.

7453: 6954: 6913: 6859: 6791: 6745: 6568: 6297: 6194: 5770: 5411: 5371: 5202:. This immigration from non-Hispanic countries was the result of the 5155: 5151: 5089:

Puerto Rico was 98.9% Hispanic or Latino in 2020, of that 95.5% were

3759: 3751: 3642: 3232: 3132:

legislation on the House floor. The current resident commissioner is

3049:, New York City and Florida, and has included in the past offices in 2984: 2942: 2556: 2326: 2034: 2014: 1998: 1955: 1951: 1632: 1621: 1276: 1264: 1256: 1118: 1001: 996: 533: 17296:. Press release. U.N. General Assembly. 14 June 2007. Archived from 16212: 15872: 15785: 10507: 10482: 10330:"Explorations: Puerto Rico Trench 2003 – Cruise Summary and Results" 10277:

Cheryl Magness. Reporter. 8 January 2020. Accessed 9 February 2022.

8954:

Robin Ortiz. ABC News. 17 February 2019. Accessed 24 September 2019.

8830:

A History of Afro-Hispanic Language: Five Centuries, Five Continents

6443: 6381:

was allowed to circumvent this strict prohibition and in 1647 wrote

2311: 1982:

in the southwest part of the island. They may represent part of the

1625: 1593:

in which their remains were discovered in 1975, in the aftermath of

19657: 19607: 19562: 19552: 19537: 19527: 19512: 19492: 19467: 19457: 19447: 19301: 19127: 19066: 19036: 19011: 18798: 17536: 16686:

Dream Nation: Puerto Rican Culture and the Fictions of Independence

16098:. Institute of Islamic Information and Education. 8 February 2006. 14585: 13725: 12987: 11940: 10260:

Puerto Rico Earthquakes. 7 January 2020. Accessed 9 February 2022.

9904:"Marine Managed Areas and Associated Fisheries in the US Caribbean" 9867:

Memorias: Revista Digital de Historia y Arqueología Desde el Caribe

9861:

Cortés Zavala; María Teresa & José Alfredo Uribe Salas (2014).

9216:

Diccionario de la Real Academia Española. Accessed 9 February 2022.

8633: 8631: 8629: 8627: 8625: 8623: 8621: 7870: 7687: 7346:

into the country for constitutional purposes. See the page for the

7183: 7164: 7110:

and it is the global leader in champions per capita. These include

7003: 6908: 6621: 6329: 6289: 6105: 6035: 5620: 5586: 5522: 5379: 5363: 5191: 5183: 5159: 4900: 4864: 3997: 3120:

also from the NPP and a member of the Republican Party of the U.S.

3066: 3042: 2897: 2517: 2486: 1975: 1947: 1943: 1867: 1220: 1059: 988: 20632: 17362: 17048:

Rio 2016 Organising Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Games

15208:"Puerto Rico's population swap: The middle class for millionaires" 14527:[More Protests Are Organized to Demand LUMA's Departure]. 14196:"Puerto Rico 2012–2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates" 13233: 13060: 12556:"GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$ ) - Puerto Rico | Data" 11657: 11276:"Bioluminescent Bay, Puerto Rico - Unique Places around the World" 10810: 10563: 9550:

Van Deusen, Richard James; Van Deusen, Elizabeth Kneipple (1931).

8597: 8079:"Puerto Rico 2015-2019 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates" 6871: 6071: 6063: 5793:

in Puerto Rico, representing about 0.13% of the population. Eight

4174:

in Ponce, currently under expansion to increase cargo capacity to

4000:. Because of the Jones Act, foreign ships inbound with goods from 2722:

Since 1952, Puerto Rico has had three main political parties: the

2671:

is the oldest, founded in 1521; the next earliest settlements are

2602:. Members of the judiciary are appointed by the governor with the 2335: 2186:

made landfall on Puerto Rico on Wednesday, 20 September, near the

2138:. The average yearly precipitation is 66 in (1,676 mm). 1586: 1436: 1224: 20512: 19677: 19652: 19557: 19497: 19472: 19442: 19432: 19306: 19161: 19071: 19051: 15519: 13412: 13011: 11848: 10935: 10850: 10835: 8698:

Pueblo v. Tribunal Superior: Español: Idioma del proceso judicial

8020: 7520: 7236:, who became the first Puerto Rican born athlete to play for the 7033:

winning one gold (1951), four silver and four bronze medals, the

6896: 6685: 6681: 6671: 6659: 6474: 6034:

From the Spanish, Puerto Rico received the Spanish language, the

5850: 5790: 5434: 5395: 5387: 5179: 5171: 4882: 4624: 4078: 4070: 3844: 3835: 3775: 3650: 3459:, and litigate federal preemption issues in Puerto Rican courts. 3303: 3007:

and a municipal legislature elected for four-year terms, per the

2680: 2540:, Puerto Rico lacks full protection under the U.S. Constitution. 2330: 2187: 2038: 2010: 2006: 1963: 1890:

and 8% of the size of Cuba, the largest of the Greater Antilles.

1883: 1753: 1141: 480: 462: 17126: 15540: 13971:"Puerto Rico's Power Authority Effectively Files for Bankruptcy" 13586:"New Puerto Rico governor seeks amicable debt crisis resolution" 10788:"Tropical Storm Karen's Squalls Hit Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands" 10785: 10671:"Hurricane Maria cuts all electricity as it crushes Puerto Rico" 10312:

Kate Trafecante. CNN. 7 January 2020. Accessed 9 February 2022.

8618: 8604:. Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 130. 8601:

Portuguese-Spanish Interfaces: Diachrony, synchrony, and contact

7971:

still more long-term bonds to cover its yearly budget deficits."

5853:, with two preaching centers in the San Juan metropolitan area. 3386:

from the original Taíno name of the island (Borinquen). The all-

2749:

After 2007, other parties emerged on the island. The first, the

2202:, were put to the test against a potential humanitarian crisis. 1581: 1353:

in 1952, allowing U.S. citizens residing on the island to elect

1341:; as it is not a state, Puerto Rico does not have a vote in the 49:

Organized and Unincorporated U.S. territory in the United States

32:"Porto Rico" and "Borinquen" redirect here. For other uses, see 20703:

Countries and territories where English is an official language

19612: 19567: 19507: 19482: 19437: 19139: 19086: 19076: 19021: 19016: 18973: 17199: 17180: 15294:

Peña, Jessica; Lowe, Ricardo Henrique Jr. (23 September 2023).

13703:"Puerto Rico to furlough workers, proposes pension plan reform" 12955: 9211: 9155:(2nd ed.). Ediciones Latinoamericanas, S.A. Archived from 8539:"Socioeconomic Indicators - Puerto Rico | Market Forecast" 8178:

Diccionario de la Lengua Española por la Real Academia Española

7154: 7071: 6879: 6202: 5802: 5797:

are located throughout the island, with most Muslims living in

5794: 5789:

movements all are represented. In 2007, there were about 5,000

5383: 5367: 5175: 5129: 4846: 4013: 3969:

in Puerto Rico is high and has increased over the past decade.

3921:

corporations compose more than 31% of the consolidated budget.

3763: 3668: 3359: 3058: 3038: 2999: 2736:

to maintain the island's status with the U.S. as a commonwealth

2660: 2294: 2001:

stresses caused by their interaction. These stresses may cause

1940: 1846:. The latter is the only inhabited islet with communities like 1827: 1469:

respectively. The island is also popularly known in Spanish as

1161: 16235:"San Juan Puerto Rico Temple | ChurchofJesusChristTemples.org" 15547:(in Spanish). Impr. del Gobierno de Puerto Rico. p. 306. 12374:"After Carjacking Surge, Puerto Rico Is Wary Behind the Wheel" 11119:"View of News of the Rio Abajo Aviary for Puerto Rican Parrot" 7632: 7611: 7106:. In the professional circuit, Puerto Rico has the third-most 5885:, literature, history, science, art, philosophy and theology. 5754: 2115:

seasonally are quite small in the lowlands and coastal areas.

20523: 19642: 19522: 19487: 19275: 19061: 15722:"Hispanics of Puerto Rican Origin in the United States, 2013" 15182:"Dominican People Smugglers Trafficked Cubans to Puerto Rico" 15161:

PLACE OF BIRTH FOR THE FOREIGN-BORN POPULATION IN PUERTO RICO

14370:

Reeve & Associates; Estudios Técnicos, Inc. (June 2018).

13622:"Secretary Lew Sends Letter to 115th Congress on Puerto Rico" 11964: 10481:

Daly, Christopher; Helmer, Eileen H.; Quiñonez, Maya (2003).

9901: 9602: 8509:"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (PR)" 8431:"Quick Facts Puerto Rico: Population Estimates, July 1, 2023" 7209:

are the largest wrestling promotions in the main island. The

6922: 6891: 6887: 6875: 6774: 6737: 6729: 6618:

Newspapers distributed on a weekly or regional basis include

6314: 5882: 5720:. Both have services in English and Spanish.There is a small 5606: 5391: 5375: 3755: 3747: 3626: 3050: 3004: 2676: 1967: 1325:. In common with four other territories, Puerto Rico sends a 19410: 17282: 17245:"Application of the U.S. Constitution in U.S. Insular Areas" 16798:

Arago: people, postage & the post. Viewed 17 March 2014.

13499:"Culture Is Central in Puerto Rico's New Marketing Campaign" 12479:"Mujer víctima de carjacking a punta de pistola en Guaynabo" 11392: 11390: 10198:

Andrzej Pisera; Michael Martínez; Hernan Santos (May 2006).

9255:

Exploring the Decolonial Imaginary: Four Transnational Lives

8011: 7594: 5626:

in 1872. It was the first non-Catholic church in the entire

1612:

The history of Puerto Rico began with the settlement of the

20164: 19714: 19647: 19602: 19502: 19031: 17018: 16779:

Arago: people, postage & the post. Viewed 4 March 2014.

16762: 16759:

Arago: people, postage & the post. Viewed 4 March 2014.

14834:"Profile of general population and housing characteristics" 13341: 12663: 11446:"Help America Vote Act (HAVA) 2018 ELECTION SECURITY GRANT" 10584:"A look at the damage from Hurricane Irma in the Caribbean" 10549:

10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<1785:COTCTT>2.0.CO;2

9659:

Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico School of Law

8883:. New Haven, CT; London: Yale University Press, 1999. p. 4. 7647: 7638: 7617: 7600: 7500: 7470: 7225: 7179: 6883: 6206: 6159: 5359: 4162: 3618: 3371: 3355: 2293:. Puerto Rico has two biosphere reserves recognized by the 1309:

since 1917, and can move freely between the island and the

17133: 16429:"Puerto Rico's health system 'on life support' after blow" 16239:

Temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

14838:

Decennial Census, DEC Demographic Profile, Table DP1, 2020

14525:"Se organizan más protestas para exigir la salida de LUMA" 13311:"García Padilla insiste en que heredó un país "en cantos"" 11198: 9087: 9085: 9083: 8671:. U.S. Department of State. 3 January 2013. Archived from 6781:

was so celebrated, that he performed private recitals for

4969:

Racial and Ethnic Composition in Puerto Rico (2020 Census)

3302:, the Atlantic Fleet Weapons Training Facility (AFWTF) on 3114:

director of the Puerto Rico Federal Affairs Administration

3014: 16464:

Triple-S Management Corporation Annual Report (Form 10-K)

15849:. Parish.orthodoxtheologicalinstitute.org. Archived from 15817:"Puerto Rico Welcomes First-Ever Eastern Catholic Parish" 14807:"Puerto Rico Population Declined 11.8% from 2010 to 2020" 14757:"Puerto Rico Population Declined 11.8% From 2010 to 2020" 14707: 14455:"Ley de la Autoridad de Energía Eléctrica de Puerto Rico" 14195: 12400:"Sacan familia de auto para hacer carjacking en Guaynabo" 12179: 11387: 10966: 10857:

Ezcurra, Paula; Rivera-Collazo, Isabel C. (1 July 2018).

10483:"Mapping the Climate of Puerto Rico, Vieques and Culebra" 10090: 8881:

Puerto Rico: The Trials of the Oldest Colony in the World

8115:. San Juan, Puerto Rico. 4 September 2015. Archived from 6182:

continues to serve also as the executive mansion for the

5830: 4615:

The population of Puerto Rico has been shaped by initial

1624:

in 1493, the dominant indigenous culture was that of the

1136:. Located about 1,000 miles (1,600 km) southeast of 1087: 16357:

Nicolas Kanellos, "Hispanic Firsts", Visible Ink Press (

13245:"Ineficiencia arropa a los recursos económicos de salud" 11652:

The Louisiana Purchase and American Expansion: 1803–1898

11451:. Puerto Rico State Elections Commission. 25 July 2018. 9683:. General Assembly of the United Nations. 15 June 2009. 8226:"State Area Measurements and Internal Point Coordinates" 6438:

was another Puerto Rican historian and writer. His work

5266:

Mixed (mainly biracial white European and black African)

4251:

Ley para Transformar el Sistema Eléctrico de Puerto Rico

16688:. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. 16479:, ed. Frances R. Aparicio and Cándida F. Jáquez, 81–98. 16265:"Statistics and Church Facts | Total Church Membership" 15382: 14627: 14147:"Puerto Rico's Economic Slump Weighs Hard on Consumers" 14055:. Huffingtonpost.com. 29 September 2013. Archived from 12770: 12182:"Participation of Hispanics in the American Revolution" 12124:"After Closing of Navy Base, Hard Times in Puerto Rico" 9080: 7547:

mountain range is the highest elevation in Puerto Rico.

7186:. In 2008, the archipelago's first unified league, the 5895:

The largest and oldest university system is the public

3223:. Puerto Rico is currently under the responsibility of 2060:, it is almost 27,600 ft (8,400 m) deep. The 1986:

and are believed to come from the Pacific Ocean realm.

17173:"Datos y Estadisticas de Puerto Rico y sus Municipios" 17105: 17015:"Melendez adds a new country to Globetrotters' resume" 16642:"Doña María de los Dolores Gutiérrez del Mazo y Pérez" 16398:"Perfil del Sistema Educativo – Año Escolar 2010–2011" 15154: 14701:

Murphy, Paul P.; Krupa, Michelle (27 September 2017).

13173: 12166:

Meléndez, Edwin; Meléndez, Edgardo; Colonial Dilemma;

11916:

Puerto Rico hopes to gain from U.S. healthcare reform.

10786:

Barbara Campbell, Paolo Ziaclita (24 September 2019).

9984:

CENTRO: Journal of the Center for Puerto Rican Studies

9747: 9582:

Scientific survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands

9199:

Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Accessed 9 February 2022.

7914:

pública y la convierte en una agencia del Ejecutivo.."

5927:. Other private universities include the multi-campus 3034:

Latin American countries such as Colombia and Panamá.

3021:

Foreign and intergovernmental relations of Puerto Rico

2840:

do not have voting representation in the U.S. Congress

2325:

to the archipelago number 239 plants, 16 birds and 39

1924:

Puerto Rico has 17 lakes, all man-made, and more than

1608:

of Puerto Rico during Spanish provincial times (1886).

1361:

has consistently been a matter of significant debate.

20465: 15599:

Page 165. Ponce, Puerto Rico: Imprenta Fortuño. 1963.

14927:

General Censuses and Vital Statistics in the Americas

14677:"Ley de Vehículos y Tránsito de Puerto Rico del 2000" 13734:"La Estadidad es una, única, uniforme e irreversible" 12035:"Relaciones comerciales entre Colombia y Puerto Rico" 11740: 11738: 10856: 9638: 9532: 9433:, S.J. Res 36, 72nd Congress, enacted 1932. (47 9146: 9056: 9054: 8380:"Catches by Taxon in the waters of Puerto Rico (USA)" 8327:"Plan de Manejo Reserva Natural Isla Caja de Muertos" 7656: 7629: 7623: 7614: 7588: 5951:. Puerto Rico has four schools of Medicine and three 3696:

per capita higher than 80% of the rest of the world.

2281:

Puerto Rico is home to three terrestrial ecoregions:

2173:, Puerto Rico avoided a direct hit by the Category 5 2102:

pass across the island year round. Puerto Rico has a

2021:

in the island and in the northeastern Caribbean. The

1854:, which are connected to the main island by bridges. 1528:

of Puerto Rico"), while its official English name is

1247:

in 1508. Puerto Rico was contested by other European

19869: 14591:"Ley de Acueductos y Alcantarillados de Puerto Rico" 14407:"Aeropuertos Internacionales y Regionales (Spanish)" 13565:. Scottsbluff, ME. Associated Press. 29 January 2017 12622:"Puerto Rico's tourism industry continues to expand" 10960: 10916: 10897: 9549: 7644: 7635: 7626: 7608: 7597: 7591: 6751:

Puerto Rico has some national instruments, like the

2896:, and the island receives a smaller fraction of the 2029:, 1918 and had an estimated magnitude of 7.5 on the 1913:, with an elevation of 3,494 ft (1,065 m). 1164:

main island and numerous smaller islands, including

16930:"Olympics 2004 – Basketball – Shock defeat for USA" 16616:"National Geographic Traveler Article: Puerto Rico" 14930:. United States Bureau of the Census. p. 147. 13799:"¿Cómo Puerto Rico llegó a tener crédito chatarra?" 12426:"Video: Carjacking en centro comercial de Guaynabo" 12323:"Gun homicides and gun ownership listed by country" 11960: 11958: 11926:

Reuters. 24 September 2009. Retrieved 19 July 2012.

11872:

Members of the military must pay federal income tax

11222: 10941: 10332:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 10274:

Puerto Rico hit by largest earthquake in 100 years.

9902:Schärer-Umpierre, Michelle T.; et al. (2014). 9126:. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Publishing. p. 47. 9124:

Key Terms in Latino/a Cultural and Literary Studies

8566:

Ceteris Paribus: Journal of Socio-Economic Research

7605: 5683:

Widespread Change in a Historically Catholic Region

5681:By 2014, a Pew Research report, with the sub-title 3806:is also an important part of the economy. In 2017, 3570:. It is considered the most competitive economy in 17074: 16860:"Baseball Hall of Fame entry for Roberto Clemente" 16122:"Percent Puerto Rican population that are Muslims" 15355:, Ed. Tom McArthur, Oxford University Press, 1998. 15070:"The World Factbook: Central America: Puerto Rico" 14893:Cheatham, Amelia; Roy, Diana (29 September 2022). 14831: 14401: 14399: 14316: 14314: 14312: 14170:"Life in Puerto Rico becomes costlier amid crisis" 13969: 13593: 13174:Torrcech San Inocencio, Rafael (7 December 2011). 12122: 12065: 11735: 10521: 10480: 10143:"Caribbean National Forest – El Yunque Trail # 15" 9981: 9450: 9051: 8739: 8598:Amaral, Patrícia & Ana Maria Carvalho (2014). 8460: 8458: 8456: 7145:in an Olympic tournament since the integration of 7068:, enshrined in 1973, 1999, and 2011 respectively. 6866:, widely regarded as "Puerto Rico's national dish" 6186:. Many of the historic fortifications are part of 6151:, which contains the tomb of the Spanish explorer 3675:and trading restrictions, particularly concerning 3112:from the New Progressive Party, while the current 3003:, and those into sectors. Each municipality has a 2698: 2663:, and those into sectors. Each municipality has a 2454:), the largest land animal native to Puerto Rico. 2410:Caribbean Islands National Wildlife Refuge complex 2106:, which stretches from April into November, and a 1736:United Nations Special Committee on Decolonization 20773:1898 disestablishments in the Spanish West Indies 16954: 13457:affecting 791,000 of its 3.2 million inhabitants. 12846:Herms, Daniel A.; McCullough, Deborah G. (2014). 12655: 12653: 12651: 12649: 12647: 12450: 9610:"How Europeans Brought Sickness to the New World" 8912:Igartúa–de la Rosa v. United States (Igartúa III) 6766:and the Orquesta Filarmónica de Puerto Rico. The 5975:In 2017, there were 69 hospitals in Puerto Rico. 5649:Power, Politics and Pentecostals in Latin America 3927:Puerto Rico Highways and Transportation Authority 2818:, home of the Legislative Assembly in Puerto Rico 2596:chief justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico 2485:. These are unique bodies of water surrounded by 1388:. The major sectors of Puerto Rico's economy are 20684: 20253:and other inhabited territories governed by the 18018:Puerto Ricans in the United States Space Program 16904:"Baseball Hall of Fame entry for Roberto Alomar" 16882:"Baseball Hall of Fame entry for Orlando Cepeda" 16560: 16096:"Number of Muslims and Percentage in Puero Rico" 15353:Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language 15265:"Economy and Crime Spur New Puerto Rican Exodus" 15011:Kalgoorlie Western Argus (WA : 1896 - 1916) 14100:. Elnuevodia.com. 31 August 2013. Archived from 14080:"Economy and Crime Spur New Puerto Rican Exodus" 14042:. Department of Defense. Retrieved 17 June 2014. 14001: 13999: 13823: 13206: 12530:"Alarmante la cifra de "carjackings" en la Isla" 11955: 11507: 11505: 10053: 9378: 9002:. Congressional Research Service. 25 June 2013. 8733: 8136: 8134: 6821:San Juan 450th 1971 issue, depicting one of the 6372:Puerto Rican literature evolved from the art of 4669:, while the other two are located in the south ( 4165:in different cities across the main island. The 3889:The 2012 Budget of the government of Puerto Rico 3108:, and others. The current secretary of state is 2822:Constitutionally, Puerto Rico is subject to the 2570:as its lower chamber; the Senate is headed by a 2206:also caused impacts to Puerto Rico during 2019. 1585:A 20th-century reconstruction of an 8th-century 1313:. However, Puerto Ricans who do not reside in a 18186: 17134:Department of Economic Development and Commerce 16514: 14522: 14396: 14342: 14309: 12845: 11965:Martínez Torres, Juez (Judge) (20 March 2015). 11426:Rules of the House of Representatives. Rule III 11329: 11203:, University of California Press, p. 210, 10456:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 9962: 8943:The trauma of Puerto Rico's 'Maria Generation' 8799: 8559: 8453: 5873:(Grammar School). It was established by Bishop 5811:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 4641:The most populous municipality is the capital, 3961:merchant marine shipping routes for Puerto Rico 3633:, #4 in the country, #2 for insects and #3 for 3604:meetings, incentives, conferencing, exhibitions 1666:of 1900 established a civil government, ending 20768:1493 establishments in the Spanish West Indies 17012: 16587: 15875:(in Spanish). Misión Ortodoxa San Juan Clímaco 15390:"U.S. Census Annual Population Estimates 2007" 15237:Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). 14598:Biblioteca Virtual del Gobierno de Puerto Rico 14357:United States Government Accountability Office 12644: 10029: 10027: 9838:. elecciones2020.ceepur.org. 5 November 2020. 9176:. Literature Dept., Presbyterian Home Missions 8702:Informe del Procurador General sobre el idioma 7728:'Free Associated State of Puerto Rico' 7358: 7356: 6555:U.S. Armed Forces Radio and Television Service 6384:Descripción de la Ciudad e Isla de Puerto Rico 4287:Autoridad de Acueductos y Alcantarillados, AAA 3977:national median home value sits at $ 119,600. 2621:, but the commissioner can vote in committee. 1730:President's Task Force on Puerto Rico's Status 1516:The official name of the entity in Spanish is 19855: 19396: 18959: 18172: 17320: 16636: 16013:"The Virtual Jewish History Tour Puerto Rico" 15179: 14962: 14409:. Puerto Rico Ports Authority. Archived from 14285:"Jones Act requirement comes under new light" 14245: 14243: 13996: 13873:. Center for a New Economy. 31 January 2013. 13807:(in Spanish). 4 February 2014. Archived from 13767:"Worsening Debt Crisis Threatens Puerto Rico" 13371:"The Global Competitiveness Report 2013–2014" 13362: 12903: 11502: 10614:"Jose remains dangerous Category 4 hurricane" 9232:The University of Alabama Press. 2004. p.92. 8131: 7751: 6675: 6663: 6651: 6643: 6635: 6627: 6619: 6610: 6604: 6598: 6590: 6582: 6574: 6566: 6558: 6461: 6451: 6409: 6399: 6382: 5988: 5978: 5944: 5936: 5920: 5908: 5900: 5868: 5740:, the first religion of Puerto Rican origin. 5244: 5154:, but also from other parts of Spain such as 5104:, an American demographer who worked for the 4249: 4150: 4110: 4102: 3834:Initially, the oversight board created under 2989:as the secondary unit of administration; for 2836:Laws enacted at the federal level in the U.S. 2457:Puerto Rico has three of the seven year-long 2154:, which are more prevalent during periods of 2045:. On 7 January 2020, the country experienced 1989:Puerto Rico lies at the boundary between the 1517: 1489: 1479: 1470: 1452: 1446: 1440: 1421: 1095: 208: 146: 80: 16561:Sánchez Martínez, Héctor (20 January 2017). 16540:"Debate por el Ave Nacional (primera parte)" 16537: 16040:"The Jewish Palate: The Jews of Puerto Rico" 16037: 15708:Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant and other 15% 11160: 10636: 10035:"The World Factbook – Puerto Rico#Geography" 8857:. Digital Collections, Library of Congress. 8503: 8501: 8499: 8497: 8048:"U.S. Territories - Developments in the Law" 6762:, the island hosts two main orchestras, the 5967:Old Hospital Doctor Pila in Barrio Primero, 5540:Religious affiliation in Puerto Rico (2014) 2993:purposes, the municipalities are considered 2932:, and others. While Puerto Rico has its own 2760:(English: Sovereign Union Movement) and the 2300:: Luquillo Biosphere Reserve represented by 1716:controlled by the U.S., remains an anomaly. 17237: 16683: 16515:López Maldonado, Cesiach (21 August 2019). 16072:. Luxner.com. 3 August 2004. Archived from 15895:"Iglesia Ortodoxa Patriarcado de Antioquia" 14892: 14700: 14372:Impact of the U.S. Jones Act on Puerto Rico 13242: 11691:"Puerto Ricans pay federal commodity taxes" 10392:. University of North Carolina Wilmington. 10024: 9707:Ley Numero 283 del 28 de diciembre de 2011. 9494:Historian, Office of the (1 January 2013). 9149:"Taino Indigenous Peoples of the Caribbean" 8372: 8347: 8319: 8294: 8268: 8243: 7723: 7702: 7353: 7090:have won their respective divisions at the 6050:Puerto Rico has many symbols, but only the 5601:, visited Puerto Rico in October 1984. All 4248:On 20 July 2018, Puerto Rico Law 120-2018 ( 4219:government-owned corporation of Puerto Rico 3911:Puerto Rico's government-owned corporations 3254:is stationed in Puerto Rico – known as the 3069:and Europe, with most located in San Juan. 2956: 2803:in Puerto Rico, the U.S. Congress, and the 2624:Puerto Rican elections are governed by the 1861:NOAA Bathymetry Image of Puerto Rico (2020) 1824:Puerto Rico Department of Natural Resources 1464: 1458: 1427: 174: 64:Organized and Unincorporated U.S. territory 20763:States and territories established in 1898 20753:Spanish-speaking countries and territories 19862: 19848: 19403: 19389: 18966: 18952: 18179: 18165: 17327: 17313: 15517: 15437:"Language Education Policy in Puerto Rico" 14240: 13867:"San Juan 2023 o la decadencia de un País" 13650: 13615: 13613: 13523: 13207:Millán Rodríguez, Yamilet (4 April 2013). 12180:Maryland General Assembly (8 April 1997). 12011:(in Spanish). 20 July 2013. Archived from 11535: 10841: 10222: 9728:Fortuño calls for status vote next August. 8921:, 417 F.3d 145 (1st Cir. 2005) (en banc), 8833:. Cambridge University Press. p. 37. 8397: 6296:evolved from the Catholic Church's use of 5059:Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 4630: 4279:Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority 4273:Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority 3935:Puerto Rico Aqueducts and Sewers Authority 3306:, the National Guard training facility at 3094:Puerto Rico Federal Affairs Administration 2636:. Puerto Ricans who become residents of a 2501: 1370:Puerto Rico Industrial Development Company 355:San Juan–Caguas–Guaynabo metropolitan area 17283:United Nations Declaration on Puerto Rico 17072: 16988:"AND1 & PR Streetball Put on a Show!" 16985: 16832:El Gusto Boricua en el Sur de la Florida. 16716: 16457: 15762:. Pew Research Center. 13 November 2014. 15541:Puerto Rico. Office of Historian (1949). 15034: 15032: 14895:"Puerto Rico: A U.S. Territory in Crisis" 14144: 14053:"Puerto Rico's Cost of Living Skyrockets" 13731: 13344:"World Bank Indicators 2012: Puerto Rico" 13029:American Institute of Biological Sciences 12869: 12819: 12744: 11693:. Stanford.wellsphere.com. Archived from 11593: 11543:"LinktoPR.com – Fundación de los Pueblos" 11002: 10984: 10547: 10506: 10474: 10356:"NOAA Ocean Explorer: Puerto Rico Trench" 10327: 10323: 10321: 9878: 9752:. Caribbeanbusinesspr.com. Archived from 9748:casiano communications (4 October 2011). 9497:Hispanic Americans in Congress, 1822–2012 9493: 9248: 8986:residents of Puerto Rico must still pay). 8494: 8218: 6557:. Newspapers with daily distribution are 6549:, the majority of which are conducted in 6442:is valuable in understanding the way the 5651:, Edward Cleary, ed., 1997. p. 164). 5115:Continuous European immigration and high 2795:Proposed political status for Puerto Rico 2769:Other non-registered parties include the 2630:State Elections Commission of Puerto Rico 1726:Proposed political status for Puerto Rico 1347:Puerto Rico Federal Relations Act of 1950 19411:Political divisions of the United States 17334: 15814: 15293: 14917: 14624:, 23 May 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2014. 14523:Rivera Clemente, Yaritza (4 June 2021). 14322:"GAO's Jones Act Report Is Inconclusive" 14282: 14188: 13553: 13551: 13405: 13275: 12959:Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 12210: 12057: 11304: 11192: 10444: 10417: 10380: 10232:. U.S. Geological Survey. Archived from 9597:Ponce En Su Historia Moderna: 1945–2002. 9578: 9230:Languages of the Pre-Columbian Antilles. 9121: 7794:spelling, for instance, was used in the 7372:policy (as codified in the department's 7296:Women's Tennis singles title in Rio 2016 7163: 7053:. Puerto Rican baseball players include 6989:2013 World Baseball Classic championship 6983: 6858: 6816: 6701: 6361: 6271: 6215: 6114: 5962: 5867:The first school in Puerto Rico was the 5669: 5134: 4144: 4058: 3979: 3952: 3929:(PRHTA) reporting losses of $ 409M, the 3884: 3785: 3698: 3545: 3268: 3160: 2960: 2809: 2779:Hostosian National Independence Movement 2708: 2380:), the Puerto Rican sharp-shinned hawk ( 2310: 2081: 1915: 1856: 1789: 1599: 1580: 1416:Puerto Rico is Spanish for "rich port". 16492:. Puerto Rican Music TV. Archived from 16007: 16005: 15610:"La presencia Germanica en Puerto Rico" 15392:. Factfinder.census.gov. Archived from 15376:The Status of Languages in Puerto Rico. 14923: 14077: 13838:Puerto Rico Government Development Bank 13610: 12371: 12320: 12280:The U.S. Justice System An Encyclopedia 12003:"Colombia y Puerto Rico se dan la mano" 11832: 11830: 10927:sfn error: no target: CITEREFPCCC2022 ( 10908:sfn error: no target: CITEREFPCCC2022 ( 9644: 8740:Stacy Taus-Bolstad (1 September 2004). 7082:are considered popular sports as well. 6553:. There are also three stations of the 6300:to convert indigenous Puerto Ricans to 4245:, and is run by an executive director. 3915:federal government of the United States 3865:Budget of the Government of Puerto Rico 3721:its highly inefficient local government 3436:The insular legal system is a blend of 3410:for its heroism during the Korean War. 3015:Foreign and intergovernmental relations 2853:U.S. citizens residing in Puerto Rico. 2705:Political party strength in Puerto Rico 2588:the last election held in November 2020 2434:Mona and Monito Islands Nature Reserves 2386:), the Puerto Rican broad-winged hawk ( 2017:, represent some of the most dangerous 1475:, meaning "the island of enchantment". 1364:Beginning in the mid-20th century, the 14: 20713:Dependent territories in the Caribbean 20698:Caribbean islands of the United States 20685: 20299:Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands 16538:Pérez Rivera, Raúl (2 December 2015). 16426: 16181:. Saudiaramcoworld.com. Archived from 16102:from the original on 27 September 2011 15915:. Webpub.allegheny.edu. Archived from 15815:Barillas, Martin (10 September 2017). 15100:"The Other Border: Puerto Rico's Seas" 15029: 14999: 14017:from the original on 17 September 2013 13619: 13387:from the original on 20 September 2018 13368: 13243:Vera Rosado, Ileanexis (17 May 2013). 12398:Rico, Metro Puerto (8 February 2018). 12277: 12162: 12160: 11976:. El Tribunal Supremo de Puerto Rico. 11608:from the original on 28 September 2019 10967:Dinerstein, Eric; et al. (2017). 10822:U.S. Energy Information Administration 10818:"Puerto Rico Territory Energy Profile" 10707:from the original on 28 September 2017 10681:from the original on 21 September 2017 10651:from the original on 21 September 2017 10624:from the original on 10 September 2017 10562:Aurelio Mercado and Harry Justiniano. 10407:– via Journal of Marine Geology. 10318: 9699: 9620: 9579:Sciences, New York Academy of (1922). 8826: 7839:339, 342 (1906) is available from: 7686: 7493: 6603:is distributed free of charge, as are 6227:, a former fire station built in 1882. 5939:Universidad Politécnica de Puerto Rico 5839:New York Padmasambhava Buddhist Center 4692:Largest cities or towns in Puerto Rico 4367: 4318:U.S. Federal Communications Commission 4140:Rafael Hernández International Airport 4128:Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport 3766:. Puerto Rico's dependency on oil for 3717:whenever a political party gains power 3495:Federal District Court for Puerto Rico 3177:with the president of the U.S. as its 2926:Transportation Security Administration 2744:to make Puerto Rico a sovereign nation 1319:disenfranchised from federal elections 1176:. With approximately 3.2 million 716:13,792 km (5,325 sq mi) 19843: 19384: 18947: 18160: 18023:Puerto Rican scientists and inventors 17308: 16955:Jesús Omar Rivera (29 October 2008). 16846:Sofrito, imprescindible para latinos. 16663:"Puerto Rico in the Great Depression" 16333:"Iglesia Pastafariana de Puerto Rico" 16179:"Muslims concentrated in Rio Piedras" 16050:from the original on 23 December 2016 16019:from the original on 26 December 2015 15719: 15668:from the original on 18 February 2017 15597:Album Histórico de Ponce (1692–1963). 15447:from the original on 22 February 2017 14864:"Wall Street eyes PR population loss" 14856: 14489: 14249: 13967: 13933:"Reporte General sobre Deuda Pública" 13764: 13700: 13663:from the original on 17 February 2017 13632:from the original on 17 February 2017 13583: 13548: 13536:from the original on 17 February 2017 13505:from the original on 27 November 2019 13476:from the original on 27 November 2019 13446:from the original on 27 November 2019 13406:Quintero, Laura (14 September 2013). 13350:from the original on 15 February 2020 13308: 13209:"Denuncian politización de Junta AEE" 12924:10.1146/annurev.ento.52.110405.091401 12708: 12566:from the original on 12 December 2021 12063: 11756:from the original on 30 November 2020 11671:from the original on 11 December 2008 11361: 11317:from the original on 27 February 2020 11154: 10067:from the original on 24 December 2018 9836:"2020 Puerto Rican status referendum" 9228:Julian Granberry and Gary Vescelius. 9169: 8774: 8519:from the original on 20 November 2023 7770:officially back-corrected the former 7677: 7534: 7391:is gender-neutral, whereas the terms 7308:Index of Puerto Rico-related articles 6432:The Historical Library of Puerto Rico 5459:Based on 1 July 2019 estimate by the 4305: 3907:Department of Treasury of Puerto Rico 3554:per capita development of Puerto Rico 3481:The judicial branch is headed by the 3366:in 1779 under the command of General 3009:Autonomous Municipalities Act of 1991 2997:. Municipalities are subdivided into 1106:for 'rich port'; abbreviated 736:4,924 km (1,901 sq mi) 726:8,868 km (3,424 sq mi) 20748:Spanish colonization of the Americas 20530: 20450: 17089:from the original on 26 August 2016. 16990:. BoricuaBallers.com. Archived from 16294:2016 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses 16002: 15796:from the original on 7 November 2020 15732:from the original on 10 October 2018 15720:López, Gustavo (15 September 2015). 15551:from the original on 11 January 2024 15530:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 15188:from the original on 21 October 2014 14905:from the original on 3 November 2023 14813:from the original on 1 December 2021 14767:from the original on 1 December 2021 14283:Santiago, Jaime (29 November 2012). 14167: 14078:Alvarez, Lizette (8 February 2014). 13968:Walsh, Mary Williams (2 July 2017). 13779:from the original on 2 November 2013 13276:González, Jenisabel (13 June 2012). 13128:from the original on 22 October 2022 12397: 12259:from the original on 19 January 2024 12231: 12192:from the original on 5 November 2011 12147: 11983:from the original on 22 January 2016 11939:. PRFAA. 6 July 2009. Archived from 11827: 11774: 11561: 11490:from the original on 28 October 2011 11419: 11216: 11099:from the original on 8 December 2022 10922: 10903: 10798:from the original on 1 February 2021 10642: 10487:International Journal of Climatology 10452:"NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data" 10432:from the original on 17 October 2023 10411: 10123:from the original on 2 December 2021 10097:from the original on 11 January 2021 9842:from the original on 3 November 2020 9560:from the original on 8 February 2024 9514:from the original on 8 February 2024 9475:from the original on 8 February 2024 9425:To change the name of the island of 9407:from the original on 8 February 2024 8746:. Lerner Publications. pp. 7–. 8560:Fuentes-Ramírez, Ricardo R. (2017). 8154:from the original on 21 October 2021 8073: 8071: 7719:Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico 7463: 7265:Central American and Caribbean Games 7261:Central American and Caribbean Games 7127:Puerto Rico national basketball team 4953: 4203:Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority 4197:Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority 3931:Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority 3882:for four decades beginning in 1973. 3418:Guards, or the U.S. Reserve forces. 3354:, when volunteers from Puerto Rico, 3125:resident commissioner of Puerto Rico 3106:Agency for International Development 2644:can vote in presidential elections. 1826:. There are many other even smaller 1708:, paved the way for the drafting of 1539: 1520:Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico 1184:, of which the most populous is the 82:Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico 76:Free Associated State of Puerto Rico 17294:Special Committee on Decolonization 17073:Waldstein, David (25 August 2016). 16655: 16445:from the original on 14 August 2021 16062: 15953: 15698:from the original on 5 January 2021 15664:. Associated Press. 12 March 2014. 15080:from the original on 5 January 2021 14844:from the original on 4 October 2023 14587:Asamblea Legislativa de Puerto Rico 14145:Dougherty, Conor (14 August 2007). 14126:. Primerahora.com. 13 February 2013 14011:Minority Rights Group International 13342:World Bank Indicators; World Bank. 12453:"Investigan carjacking en Guaynabo" 12451:Nicole Candelaria (26 March 2018). 12157: 12135:from the original on 3 October 2017 12078:from the original on 26 July 2019. 12045:from the original on 2 October 2013 11665:"Constitutional Topic: Citizenship" 11180:from the original on 20 August 2023 11133:from the original on 20 August 2023 10767:from the original on 28 August 2019 10737:from the original on 28 August 2019 10399:from the original on 20 August 2023 10230:"Earthquake History of Puerto Rico" 10041:from the original on 5 January 2021 9965:Boletin Cientifico Sapiens Research 9360:from the original on 19 August 2016 9147:Cayetano Coll y Toste, ed. (1972). 9039:from the original on 27 August 2017 8800:Santiago-Valles, Kelvin A. (1994). 8645:from the original on 5 January 2021 8355:"Desecheo National Wildlife Refuge" 7750:Proyecto Salón Hogar (in Spanish) " 7568:country or dependency in the world. 7550: 7207:International Wrestling Association 7131:International Basketball Federation 6845:illustrated by a bird issued 2011. 6777:, the legendary Puerto Rican tenor 6280:. Painting currently housed in the 5903:Sistema Universitario Ana G. Mendez 4645:, with 342,259 people based on the 4266: 4211:Autoridad de Energía Eléctrica, AEE 4025:has requested several times to the 3825:Puerto Rican government-debt crisis 3637:. Most species are originally from 3491:Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico 3204:who delegates his authority to the 3098:Office of the Resident Commissioner 3065:from 41 countries, mainly from the 2922:Federal Emergency Management Agency 2832:Article IV of the U.S. Constitution 2784: 2751:Puerto Ricans for Puerto Rico Party 2578:, while the House is headed by the 2532:, with the head of state being the 1488:, while the capital city was named 1359:current and future political status 605:Secretary of Justice of Puerto Rico 24: 20733:Insular areas of the United States 19887:Organized incorporated territories 17418:Tibes Indigenous Ceremonial Center 17013:Joshua Hammann (14 October 2008). 16517:"Entre leyes y múltiples indultos" 16313:from the original on 12 March 2011 15766:from the original on 30 March 2022 15499:from the original on 30 March 2022 15473:from the original on 27 March 2023 15333:from the original on 30 March 2021 15046:. Pew Research, DC. January 2017. 14944:from the original on 24 March 2023 14870:. 14 December 2012. Archived from 14754: 14736:from the original on 17 April 2021 14168:Coto, Danica (29 September 2013). 13877:from the original on 29 April 2014 13278:"Debemos más de lo que producimos" 12871:10.1146/annurev-ento-011613-162051 12632:from the original on 28 April 2017 12536:. Redacción Digital. 14 March 2019 12246: 11783:from the original on 29 April 2012 11601:. Congressional Research Service. 11063:from the original on 30 March 2023 10643:Berg, Robbie (20 September 2017). 9920:10.1016/B978-0-12-800214-8.00004-9 9908:Marine Managed Areas and Fisheries 9782:. Associated Press. Archived from 9296:from the original on 30 April 2014 8902:(1941) Retrieved: 14 January 2015. 8861:from the original on 11 April 2020 8639:"CIA World Factbook – Puerto Rico" 8482:from the original on 26 April 2021 8441:from the original on 30 March 2021 8409:Sistemas de Información Geográfica 7668:-tə -⁠, -⁠toh -⁠ 7092:World Amateur Boxing Championships 7027:Puerto Rico national baseball team 5997:, by means of contracting private 5619:, was established in Ponce by the 5410:. There are also large numbers of 5236: 4357: 3861:Puerto Rico government-debt crisis 3854: 3838:called for Puerto Rico's governor 3542:Puerto Rico government-debt crisis 3463:Title 48 of the United States Code 3378:. The most notable example is the 3074:Department of State of Puerto Rico 2943:New Yorker of Puerto Rican descent 2442:), the Puerto Rican crested toad ( 2090:The climate of Puerto Rico in the 1704:of 1917, which made Puerto Ricans 25: 20789: 17097: 16339:from the original on 28 July 2020 16245:from the original on 3 April 2023 15616:from the original on 17 July 2018 15573:. Episcopalpr.org. Archived from 15518:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). 15441:Language Education Policy Studies 15275:from the original on 27 June 2017 15218:from the original on 23 June 2015 15110:from the original on 24 July 2015 15017:from the original on 28 July 2020 14655:Federal Communications Commission 14537:from the original on 10 June 2021 14504:from the original on 10 June 2021 14490:Pagán, José Karlo (18 May 2021). 13840:. 18 October 2013. Archived from 12219:from the original on 13 July 2014 11575:from the original on 9 April 2020 11458:from the original on 29 July 2021 11375:from the original on 21 June 2022 11201:Iguanas: Biology and Conservation 11029:. Islands.unep.ch. Archived from 10844:"Climate Change Knowledge Portal" 10362:from the original on 24 July 2013 10336:from the original on 24 July 2013 10185:(archived from on 29 June 2007). 9944:from the original on 28 July 2020 9687:from the original on 9 April 2020 9647:Revista de Derecho Puertorriqueño 9068:from the original on 17 June 2019 9009:from the original on 3 March 2016 8068: 7037:(winning fourteen times) and the 6764:Orquesta Sinfónica de Puerto Rico 4611:Cultural diversity in Puerto Rico 4259:and the former-PREPA workers and 4083:U.S. Department of Transportation 4048: 3948: 3899:an ongoing government-debt crisis 3750:, with most products coming from 3243:and Air National Guards, and the 3082:secretary of state of Puerto Rico 2426:Vieques National Wildlife Refuges 2209: 2033:. It originated off the coast of 1497:The island's name was changed to 1291:elements. In 1898, following the 820:361.4/km (936.0/sq mi) ( 572:Secretary of State of Puerto Rico 20723:Former colonies in North America 20624: 20607: 20590: 20573: 20556: 20539: 20511: 20499: 20487: 20475: 20449: 20440: 20439: 20251:United Nations trust territories 19871:Territories of the United States 19360: 19203: 19102:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 18927: 17221: 17211: 17066: 17050:. 14 August 2016. Archived from 17032: 17006: 16979: 16948: 16922: 16896: 16874: 16852: 16838: 16824: 16810: 16801: 16782: 16743: 16721:. University of Illinois Press. 16710: 16677: 16630: 16608: 16581: 16563:"¿Tenemos o no un ave nacional?" 16554: 16531: 16508: 16482: 16469: 16420: 16390: 16368: 16351: 16325: 16299: 16287: 16275:from the original on 17 May 2023 16269:newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org 16257: 16227: 16197: 16171: 16145: 16114: 16088: 16031: 15990:from the original on 11 May 2011 15976: 15931: 15905: 15887: 15865: 15839: 15808: 15778: 15748: 15713: 15688:"Puerto Rico People and Society" 15680: 15650: 15628: 15602: 15589: 15563: 15511: 15485: 15467:"Key findings about Puerto Rico" 15459: 15429: 15408: 15368: 15358: 15345: 15313: 15287: 15257: 15230: 15200: 15173: 15122: 15092: 15062: 15050:from the original on 11 May 2019 14956: 14886: 14825: 14799: 14748: 14722: 14694: 14669: 14643: 14611: 14579: 14549: 14516: 14483: 14447: 14435:. Port of the Americas Authority 14425: 14363: 14276: 14226:Federal Reserve Bank of New York 14214: 14161: 14138: 14116: 14090: 14071: 14045: 14029: 13984:from the original on 3 July 2017 13961: 13925: 13889: 13859: 13791: 13758: 13732:Castrodad, José (7 April 2014). 13694: 13679: 13644: 13577: 13517: 13491: 13462: 13432: 13399: 13335: 13309:Bauzá, Nydia (2 December 2013). 13302: 13269: 13200: 13176:"La autosuficiencia alimentaria" 13167: 13143: 12746:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01600.x 12614: 12578: 12548: 12522: 12497: 12471: 12444: 12418: 12391: 12372:Navarro, Mireya (31 July 1994). 12365: 12335: 12314: 12296: 12271: 12240: 12204: 12173: 12115: 12103:from the original on 21 May 2018 12085: 12027: 11995: 11929: 11908: 11896:from the original on 9 July 2017 11875: 11866: 11795: 11768: 11723:from the original on 3 July 2017 11709: 11683: 11645: 11629: 11620: 11587: 11470: 11438: 11298: 11268: 11145: 11123:Journal of Caribbean Ornithology 11111: 11075: 11045: 11019: 10779: 10749: 10719: 10693: 10663: 10606: 10576: 10556: 10515: 10374: 10012:from the original on 9 July 2017 9330:from the original on 8 July 2012 8359:U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service 8302:"Culebra Municipio, Puerto Rico" 8251:"Vieques Municipio, Puerto Rico" 8089:from the original on 9 July 2021 8085:. Department of Commerce. 2019. 8002: 7992: 7983: 7974: 7964: 7954: 7944: 7935: 7926: 7917: 7907: 7897: 7887: 7878: 7584: 7486:of 68,605 m² (177,327 km²). See 5617:Iglesia de la Santísima Trinidad 4776: 4766: 4739: 4729: 4034:Government Accountability Office 2740:to make Puerto Rico a U.S. state 2241:, sea surface temperatures, and 2215:This section is an excerpt from 1543: 924: 923: 905: 904: 872: 871: 853: 852: 282:Captaincy General of Puerto Rico 264: 246: 229: 124: 109: 98: 20305:American Concession in Shanghai 18220:Aguadilla–Isabela–San Sebastián 17408:1950s Nationalist Party revolts 17250:. November 1997. Archived from 16427:Dorell, Oren (5 October 2017). 15966:; Publisher: Ediciones Puerto; 15239:"American FactFinder – Results" 15180:James Bargent (27 March 2017). 14987:from the original on 7 May 2008 14730:"Population History, 1765–2010" 14172:. Nbclatino.com. Archived from 13701:Bases, Daniel (4 August 2017). 13620:Watson, Dan (17 January 2017). 13584:Platt, Eric (19 January 2017). 12064:Wines, Michael (26 July 2019). 11090:US Fish & Wildlife Services 10564:Coastal Hazards of Puerto Rico. 10348: 10301: 10283: 10266: 10248: 10191: 10161: 10135: 10109: 10079: 9994: 9975: 9956: 9895: 9854: 9828: 9798: 9768: 9741: 9720: 9673: 9589: 9585:. New York Academy of Sciences. 9572: 9543: 9526: 9487: 9444: 9419: 9372: 9342: 9308: 9282: 9249:Schechter, Patricia A. (2012). 9242: 9222: 9205: 9188: 9170:Grose, Howard Benjamin (1910). 9163: 9140: 9115: 9021: 8989: 8957: 8935: 8905: 8886: 8873: 8847: 8820: 8793: 8768: 8707: 8690: 8657: 8591: 8553: 8531: 8423: 8192: 7821: 7760: 7744: 7739:Political status of Puerto Rico 7731: 7711: 7571: 7147:National Basketball Association 6509:(Eccentric Neighborhoods). and 6188:San Juan National Historic Site 6126:Old San Juan is one of the two 6085: 5980:Reforma de Salud de Puerto Rico 5947:Universidad del Sagrado Corazón 5877:in 1513, in the area where the 5849:temple in Gurabo is devoted to 5769:established the island's first 5477:English language in Puerto Rico 4599:1765–2020 (*1899 shown as 1900) 4343: 4136:Mercedita International Airport 4064:Puerto Rico interstate highways 4023:local government of Puerto Rico 3558:Puerto Rico is classified as a 3256:Puerto Rico Army National Guard 3141:Organization of American States 2918:Federal Bureau of Investigation 2826:of the U.S. Congress under the 2791:Political status of Puerto Rico 2732:Puerto Rican Independence Party 2699:Political parties and elections 2448:), and the Mona ground iguana ( 2392:) and the elfin woods warbler ( 2343:species (13 of 17) live in the 2298:Man and the Biosphere Programme 2266: 1886:, just over 18% of the size of 1719: 1501:by the United States after the 1400:, and electronics) followed by 1212:, though Spanish predominates. 20778:Small Island Developing States 20311:American concession of Tianjin 19419:List of states and territories 17217:Wikimedia Atlas of Puerto Rico 17205: 16957:"Boricuas lucíos en una rueda" 16594:. Lonely Planet. p. 225. 15913:"Latin American issues Vol. 3" 14433:"About the Project – Overview" 14202:. Department of Commerce. 2016 13871:Centro Para Una Nueva Economía 13765:Walsh, Mary (7 October 2013). 13651:Nick Brown (18 January 2017). 13524:Nick Brown (18 January 2017). 12321:Chalabi, Mona (22 July 2012). 11838:"Joint Committee on Taxation. 10528:Journal of Applied Meteorology 10087:"The World Factbook – Jamaica" 9910:. Advances in Marine Biology. 9500:. Government Printing Office. 8779:. Westview Press. p. 10. 8166: 8101: 8040: 7688:[ˈpweltoˈχiko,-ˈʀ̥iko] 7410: 7381: 7336: 7324:List of islands of Puerto Rico 6537:in Puerto Rico includes local 6149:Cathedral of San Juan Bautista 6143:plazas and churches including 5933:Pontifical Catholic University 5677:, built between 1535 and 1802. 5208:Royal Decree of Graces of 1815 5204:Real Cédula de Gracias de 1815 4190: 3818: 3738:. However, it has the highest 3406:; in 2014, it was awarded the 3264:Puerto Rico Air National Guard 3145:U.S. ambassador to El Salvador 3025:Puerto Rico is subject to the 2930:Social Security Administration 2771:Puerto Rican Nationalist Party 2534:president of the United States 2171:2017 Atlantic hurricane season 2043:Puerto Rican Nationalist Party 1786:List of islands of Puerto Rico 1649:Royal Decree of Graces of 1815 1616:before 430 BC. At the time of 27:Territory of the United States 13: 1: 17271:"Puerto Rico: Resource Guide" 16153:"Muslim mosques in Pto. Rico" 16038:Dennis Wasko (11 July 2011). 15986:. Prairieschooltraveler.com. 14634:"Communications: Puerto Rico" 13082:Ecological Society of America 12972:Ecological Society of America 12485:(in Spanish). 19 January 2019 11719:. Irs.gov. 18 December 2009. 10647:. National Hurricane Center. 10573:Retrieved on 23 January 2008. 10418:Stillman, Dan (7 June 2023). 9812:. 6 June 2016. Archived from 9457:. Other Press, LLC. pp. 8033: 7741:article for more information. 6839:Castillo San Felipe del Morro 6440:The Indo-Antillano Vocabulary 6351: 6098:Spanish colonial architecture 5106:Office of Population Research 4716:Metropolitan Statistical Area 4649:. Other major cities include 4637:List of cities in Puerto Rico 4312:Communications in Puerto Rico 4087:Puerto Rico Police Department 4055:Transportation in Puerto Rico 3667:and subsequent dependence on 3328:Muñiz Air National Guard Base 3296:Roosevelt Roads Naval Station 3288:Roosevelt Roads Naval Station 3169:) throughout the 20th century 2971:Municipalities of Puerto Rico 2763:Partido del Pueblo Trabajador 2518:republican form of government 2389:Buteo platypterus brunnescens 2217:Climate change in Puerto Rico 2141: 2092:Köppen climate classification 1997:and is being deformed by the 1345:, which governs it under the 1297:acquired by the United States 1259:settlers, primarily from the 592:Chief of Staff of Puerto Rico 160:('The Island of Enchantment') 19902:U.S. territorial sovereignty 19348:United States Virgin Islands 17179:(in Spanish). Archived from 16963:(in Spanish). Archived from 16015:. Jewishvirtuallibrary.org. 15636:"Protestants in Puerto Rico" 14963:Van Middeldyk, R. A (1975). 14899:Council on Foreign Relations 14036:"Fort Buchanan, Puerto Rico" 13559:"Puerto Rico Gets More Time" 13416:(in Spanish). Archived from 13319:(in Spanish). Archived from 13286:(in Spanish). Archived from 13253:(in Spanish). Archived from 13217:(in Spanish). Archived from 13184:(in Spanish). Archived from 13158:Penn World Table Version 7.1 11667:. U.S. Constitution Online. 10944:"Puerto Rico Revolving Fund" 10875:10.1016/j.culher.2018.01.016 10863:Journal of Cultural Heritage 10381:Mondziel, Steven A. (2007). 9553:Porto Rico: A Caribbean Isle 7951:proactivos, y no lo fuimos." 7482:3,510 m² (9,090 km²) and an 7159:Baloncesto Superior Nacional 6874:. Basic ingredients include 6806: 6172:El Palacio de Santa Catalina 5856: 5466: 4667:San Juan's metropolitan area 4185: 3880:to balance its actual budget 3671:; and vulnerability to U.S. 3617:Responsibility for San Juan 3523:In 1992, the FBI made armed 3515:Illegal drugs in Puerto Rico 3382:of the U.S. Army, nicknamed 3206:Puerto Rico adjutant general 3200:of both local forces is the 2934:Commonwealth judicial system 2894:Supplemental Security Income 2865:when it has been in effect. 2757:Movimiento Unión Soberanista 2146:Puerto Rico experiences the 1905:, one of the highest in the 1771: 1411: 779:1,338 m (4,390 ft) 667:Supreme Court of Puerto Rico 454:1.1% non-Hispanic or Latino 42:Puerto Rico (disambiguation) 7: 20672:Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 19806:List of Indian reservations 17772:Puerto Rican crested anole 17226:Geographic data related to 16684:Acosta Cruz, María (2014). 16591:Puerto Rico, a Travel Guide 15756:"Religion in Latin America" 15728:. Pew Research Center, DC. 15493:"Religion in Latin America" 15326:United States Census Bureau 15300:United States Census Bureau 15074:Central Intelligence Agency 14832:U.S. Census Bureau (2020). 14732:. Welcome to Puerto Rico!. 14651:"Amateur Call Sign Systems" 13442:. USA Today. 2 April 2019. 12907:Annual Review of Entomology 12853:Annual Review of Entomology 10893:– via Science Direct. 10117:"The World Factbook – Cuba" 9451:Patricia Gherovici (2003). 9354:History, Art & Archives 8513:International Monetary Fund 8473:United States Census Bureau 8435:United States Census Bureau 8230:United States Census Bureau 7301: 7135:FIBA Americas Championships 7008:Puerto Rico Baseball League 6092:Architecture of Puerto Rico 5987:) – locally referred to as 5589:in the Americas, including 5532: 5220: 4607:Demographics of Puerto Rico 3990:Merchant Marine Act of 1920 3943:compound annual growth rate 3625:. So high is the volume of 3568:International Monetary Fund 3428:Constitution of Puerto Rico 3280:ballistic missile submarine 3150: 2742:. Meanwhile, the PIP seeks 2653:40 representative districts 2626:Federal Election Commission 2566:as its upper chamber and a 1950:rocks, overlain by younger 1935:Puerto Rico is composed of 1882:. It is 80% of the size of 1530:Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 1374:International Monetary Fund 1112:Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 72:Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 34:Porto Rico (disambiguation) 10: 20794: 20152:Unincorporated territories 19133:San Andrés and Providencia 18975:Countries and dependencies 18721:Isla de Ratones, Cabo Rojo 16986:Raul Sosa (27 July 2012). 16770:Puerto Rico Election Issue 16620:www.nationalgeographic.com 16155:. Pupr.edu. Archived from 15040:"Demography – Puerto Rico" 14970:The History of Puerto Rico 14924:Taeuber, Irene B. (1943). 13626:Department of the Treasury 13592:. New York. Archived from 13162:University of Pennsylvania 12729:British Ecological Society 12716:Journal of Applied Ecology 12432:(in Spanish). 9 March 2017 12278:Wilson, Steven H. (2021). 11164:; Whitmore, J. L. (1973). 11129:(3): 4. 18 December 1990. 10358:. Oceanexplorer.noaa.gov. 10169:"Los Lagos de Puerto Rico" 10145:. GORP.com. Archived from 9539:. Office of the Secretary. 9292:. Proyectosalonhogar.com. 8806:. SUNY Press. p. ix. 8405:"Geografía de Puerto Rico" 7234:Orlando "El Gato" Meléndez 7094:. Other medalists include 6977: 6852: 6848: 6810: 6713:A dancer performs typical 6695: 6526: 6411:La peregrinación de Bayoán 6355: 6265: 6089: 6008: 6004: 5860: 5845:Church of Puerto Rico. An 5714:Antiochian Orthodox Church 5519:that of the Canary Islands 5504:Puerto Rican Sign Language 5470: 5354:, over half come from the 5245:Immigration and emigration 4957: 4765: 4728: 4683: 4634: 4604: 4309: 4270: 4194: 4091:San Juan metropolitan area 4052: 3869:public debt of Puerto Rico 3858: 3796: 3781: 3685:U.S. Internal Revenue Code 3608:convention center district 3535: 3531: 3508: 3425: 3181:. Puerto Rico has its own 3154: 3092:based in Puerto Rico. The 3018: 2968: 2884:In 2009, Puerto Rico paid 2788: 2775:Socialist Workers Movement 2702: 2649:eight senatorial districts 2505: 2489:that are inhabited by the 2383:Accipiter striatus venator 2291:Greater Antilles mangroves 2283:Puerto Rican moist forests 2270: 2214: 2075: 2071: 2023:1918 San Fermín earthquake 1798:, in southeast Puerto Rico 1775: 1723: 1710:Puerto Rico's Constitution 1574: 1535: 1478:Columbus named the island 38:Borinquen (disambiguation) 31: 20435: 20337: 20320: 20263: 20246: 20160: 20147: 19910: 19877: 19816:International concessions 19814: 19796: 19738: 19700: 19686: 19425: 19416: 19356: 19335: 19294: 19268: 19237: 19221: 19212: 19201: 19120: 18994: 18985: 18923: 18837: 18769: 18666: 18263: 18210: 18198: 18118: 18036: 17983: 17974: 17909: 17900: 17808: 17799: 17723: 17688: 17679: 17666: 17659: 17559:El Yunque National Forest 17497: 17488: 17436: 17355: 17346: 15638:. english.turkcebilgi.com 13472:. ViaHero. 2 April 2019. 12709:Hulme, Philip E. (2009). 12693:10.1007/s10530-005-1798-4 11594:Keith Bea (25 May 2005). 11246:10.1007/s12237-014-9827-0 11053:"Coquí in the Rainforest" 10942:Gobierno de Puerto Rico. 10061:"Welcome to Puerto Rico!" 10002:"Bathymetric Data Viewer" 9454:The Puerto Rican syndrome 9379:Pedro A. Malavet (2004). 9290:"Historia de Puerto Rico" 9097:Government of Puerto Rico 8950:24 September 2019 at the 7564:island in the world, and 7560:island in the Caribbean, 7188:Puerto Rico Soccer League 6973: 6932:. Desserts include flan, 6164:Fort San Felipe del Morro 6162:, such as the emblematic 6041:University of Puerto Rico 5985:Puerto Rico Health Reform 5958: 5945: 5937: 5929:Inter American University 5921: 5909: 5901: 5897:University of Puerto Rico 5742:Taíno religious practices 5699:Eastern Orthodox Churches 5402:and a smaller number are 5251: 5215:2000 United States Census 5095:2010 United States Census 5080: 5072: 5067: 5057: 5052: 5042: 5037: 5027: 5022: 5012: 5007: 4997: 4992: 4982: 4978: 4973: 4968: 4598: 4583: 4568: 4553: 4538: 4523: 4508: 4493: 4478: 4463: 4448: 4433: 4418: 4403: 4388: 4373: 4366: 4361: 4356: 4353: 4095:public bus transit system 3665:lack of natural resources 3487:Puerto Rico Supreme Court 3390:regiment participated in 3221:U.S. Joint Forces Command 3110:Larry Seilhamer Rodríguez 2730:(PNP in Spanish) and the 2508:Government of Puerto Rico 2345:El Yunque National Forest 2306:Guánica Biosphere Reserve 2302:El Yunque National Forest 2252:climate change mitigation 2164:Lake Okeechobee Hurricane 2148:Atlantic hurricane season 1911:El Yunque National Forest 1834:, located near Mona, and 1668:rule by American generals 1321:and generally do not pay 1132:under the designation of 1096: 1081: 1058: 1044: 1032: 1022: 1012: 995: 980: 956: 936: 917: 898: 884: 865: 846: 828: 814: 804: 790: 783: 775: 765: 761:178 km (111 mi) 755: 750: 740: 730: 720: 710: 703: 679: 672: 660: 645: 630: 620: 616: 601: 588: 568: 544: 524: 520: 499: 461: 393: 372: 360: 350: 309: 299: 287: 277: 257: 245: 226:("The Song of Borinquen") 209: 201: 175: 165: 147: 137: 94: 70: 61: 54: 20237:Northern Mariana Islands 19720:Northern Mariana Islands 19367:North America portal 19327:Turks and Caicos Islands 18250:San Juan–Caguas–Guaynabo 18056:Buildings and structures 17238:United States government 16750:3-cent Puerto Rico Issue 16717:Zimmerman, Marc (2020). 16402:estadisticas.gobierno.pr 15790:www.orthodoxchurchpr.org 15321:"QuickFacts Puerto Rico" 14377:(Report). Archived from 13501:. Skift. 24 April 2019. 13037:10.1525/bio.2010.60.11.5 12586:"PUERTO RICO FACT SHEET" 12457:El Vocero de Puerto Rico 11890:Internal Revenue Service 9734:24 November 2011 at the 8928:5 September 2018 at the 8827:Lipski, John M. (2005). 8775:Caban, Pedro A. (2009). 8743:Puerto Ricans in America 7684:locally (in rural areas) 7488:Geography of Puerto Rico 7329: 7288:Juan Evangelista Venegas 7122:and Gómez among others. 7029:has participated in the 6691: 6522: 6460:, described in his work 6430:with the publication of 6424:Alejandro Tapia y Rivera 5863:Education in Puerto Rico 4942:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4906:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4888:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4870:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4852:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4816:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4798:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4759:San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo 4178:twenty-foot containers ( 4157:train at Bayamón Station 3578:and ranks highly on the 3504: 3408:Congressional Gold Medal 3134:Jenniffer González-Colón 2957:Administrative divisions 2724:Popular Democratic Party 2568:House of Representatives 2538:unincorporated territory 2287:Puerto Rican dry forests 2191:portions of the island. 1778:Geography of Puerto Rico 1589:village, located at the 1327:nonvoting representative 1126:unincorporated territory 655:House of Representatives 20728:Former Spanish colonies 19260:St. Pierre and Miquelon 17564:Toro Negro State Forest 17164:Encyclopædia Britannica 16588:Randall Peffer (2002). 16490:"Puerto Rican Music TV" 15946:23 October 2020 at the 15130:"Portadilla de Revista" 14557:"Inicio - Acueductospr" 14462:Presupuesto.gobierno.pr 14327:The Journal of Commerce 13069:Ecological Applications 13025:Oxford University Press 12213:"Special Announcements" 11922:16 October 2015 at the 10204:Journal of Paleontology 9595:Carmelo Rosario Natal. 9257:. New York: MacMillan. 9153:Clásicos de Puerto Rico 9122:Allatson, Paul (2007). 7703: 7698: 7484:exclusive economic zone 7318:Stateside Puerto Ricans 7203:World Wrestling Council 6744:to recent hybrids like 6516:When I was Puerto Rican 6495:Down These Mean Streets 6406:Eugenio María de Hostos 6367:Eugenio María de Hostos 6358:Puerto Rican literature 6261: 6184:governor of Puerto Rico 6080:jíbaro culture monument 5955:-approved Law Schools. 5917:Metropolitan University 5728:which is also the only 5708:Saint John Climacus in 5695:Eastern Catholic Church 5502:and its local variant, 5416:stateside Puerto Ricans 5142:of Puerto Rico in 2020. 4631:Population distribution 4085:, and patrolled by the 3694:purchasing power parity 3657:Puerto Rico's geography 3580:Human Development Index 3453:U.S. federal government 3202:governor of Puerto Rico 3191:Puerto Rico State Guard 3157:Military of Puerto Rico 2549:Pedro Pierluisi Urrutia 2512:Politics of Puerto Rico 2502:Government and politics 2258:, including the use of 1794:Beach and coastline at 1503:Treaty of Paris of 1898 1465: 1459: 1428: 1386:Human Development Index 1384:; it ranks 40th on the 909:$ 117.515 billion ( 857:$ 132.052 billion ( 806:• 2020 census 771:65 km (40 mi) 252:Location of Puerto Rico 20738:Islands of Puerto Rico 19312:British Virgin Islands 18934:Puerto Rico portal 18726:Isla de Ratones, Ponce 16209:Bahá'ís of Puerto Rico 15595:Luis Fortuño Janeiro. 15422:31 August 2012 at the 14040:Military Installations 13897:"SERVICIO DE LA DEUDA" 13369:Schwab, Klaus (2013). 11431:5 October 2015 at the 10569:6 October 2011 at the 9880:10.14482/memor.22.5948 9536:Register of Porto Rico 9385:. NYU Press. pp. 9350:"Crafting an Identity" 7778:into the Spanish name 7752: 7718: 7679:[ˈpweɾtoˈriko] 7475:internal coastal water 7375:Foreign Affairs Manual 7313:Outline of Puerto Rico 7257:Caribbean World Series 7195:professional wrestling 7172: 7108:boxing world champions 7051:World Baseball Classic 7039:World Baseball Classic 7000: 6867: 6826: 6720: 6676: 6670:, Univision affiliate 6664: 6652: 6644: 6636: 6628: 6620: 6611: 6605: 6599: 6591: 6583: 6575: 6567: 6559: 6462: 6452: 6416:Bartolomé de las Casas 6410: 6400: 6383: 6379:Diego de Torres Vargas 6369: 6328:are masks worn during 6285: 6228: 6123: 6119:Street-lined homes in 6056:Puerto Rican spindalis 6011:Culture of Puerto Rico 5989: 5979: 5972: 5911:Universidad del Turabo 5869: 5701:in the territory; the 5678: 5653: 5527:West African languages 5511:Spanish of Puerto Rico 5500:American Sign Language 5143: 5140:Population age pyramid 4322:amateur radio prefixes 4286: 4250: 4223:electricity generation 4215:electric power company 4210: 4158: 4151: 4124:international airports 4122:Puerto Rico has three 4111: 4103: 4066: 4039:U.S. shipping industry 3985: 3962: 3917:, and by other funds. 3890: 3804:Tourism in Puerto Rico 3799:Tourism in Puerto Rico 3794: 3729:gross domestic product 3711: 3621:inspections lies with 3555: 3538:Economy of Puerto Rico 3421: 3380:65th Infantry Regiment 3291: 3170: 2966: 2869:Residents pay federal 2819: 2816:Capitol of Puerto Rico 2738:, while the PNP seeks 2726:(PPD in Spanish), the 2719: 2619:Committee of the Whole 2600:Maite Oronoz Rodríguez 2530:United States Congress 2439:Harrisia portoricensis 2402:Río Abajo State Forest 2377:Chilabothrus inornatus 2318: 2087: 2078:Climate of Puerto Rico 2047:its largest earthquake 1921: 1862: 1842:, both located on the 1799: 1782:Geology of Puerto Rico 1609: 1597: 1577:History of Puerto Rico 1518: 1490: 1480: 1471: 1453: 1447: 1441: 1422: 1420:often call the island 1378:developed jurisdiction 1339:presidential primaries 1337:, and participates in 1122:archipelago and island 776:Highest elevation 674:United States Congress 475: 178:Joannes est nomen ejus 81: 19892:Territorial evolution 19157:Caribbean Netherlands 19092:Saint Kitts and Nevis 17932:Operation "Bootstrap" 17883:Shadow representation 17878:Resident Commissioner 17836:Independence movement 17780:Unexpected snake eel 17393:Migration to New York 17388:Immigration to Hawaii 16908:Baseball Hall of Fame 16794:17 March 2014 at the 16755:17 March 2014 at the 15901:on 11 September 2023. 15527:Catholic Encyclopedia 15351:"Official Language", 14618:"Puerto Rico profile" 14098:"Home – El Nuevo Día" 13674:deals with creditors. 12779:Nature Communications 12626:Business Destinations 11752:. 24 September 2009. 11305:Yancey-Bragg, N'dea. 10986:10.1093/biosci/bix014 10703:. 23 September 2017. 10677:. 21 September 2017. 9713:12 April 2019 at the 9271:Theodore Roosevelt Jr 8917:16 March 2012 at the 7370:U.S. State Department 7350:for more information. 7193:Other sports include 7171:fans at a soccer game 7169:Puerto Rico Islanders 7167: 7047:Hiram Bithorn Stadium 7031:World Cup of Baseball 7012:Major League Baseball 6987: 6980:Sports in Puerto Rico 6920:). Beverages include 6862: 6820: 6813:Puerto Rico on stamps 6787:Nicholas II of Russia 6712: 6654:La Estrella del Norte 6436:Cayetano Coll y Toste 6365: 6275: 6219: 6118: 5966: 5879:Cathedral of San Juan 5734:Juanita García Peraza 5712:and the Saint George 5675:Cathedral of San Juan 5673: 5640: 5593:, were authorized by 5138: 4621:European colonization 4617:Amerindian settlement 4349:Historical population 4243:Senate of Puerto Rico 4161:Puerto Rico has nine 4148: 4062: 3983: 3956: 3888: 3789: 3702: 3677:its shipping industry 3588:gross national income 3549: 3476:California Penal Code 3272: 3250:A branch of the U.S. 3225:U.S. Northern Command 3217:U.S. Atlantic Command 3164: 2964: 2861:included in the U.S. 2813: 2728:New Progressive Party 2712: 2611:resident commissioner 2314: 2085: 1995:North American Plates 1978:) and are located at 1919: 1860: 1840:La Isleta de San Juan 1793: 1760:Puerto Rico held its 1724:Further information: 1653:Roman Catholic Church 1603: 1584: 1491:Ciudad de Puerto Rico 1335:Resident Commissioner 1180:, it is divided into 1160:, it consists of the 742:• Water (%) 683:Resident Commissioner 361:Common languages 148:"La Isla del Encanto" 19189:Federal Dependencies 18245:San Germán–Cabo Rojo 17846:Legislative Assembly 17764:Puerto Rican amazon 17300:on 26 December 2007. 16818:Reporter's Notebook. 16775:28 July 2020 at the 16128:on 27 September 2007 15786:"Orthodox Church PR" 15495:. 13 November 2014. 15166:19 July 2018 at the 14471:on 24 September 2015 13378:World Economic Forum 12668:Biological Invasions 12093:"Mari Carmen Aponte" 11226:Estuaries and Coasts 11057:Discover Puerto Rico 10620:. 9 September 2017. 10594:on 10 September 2017 10063:. topuertorico.org. 9062:"Advanced economies" 9017:– via fas.org. 8971:26 July 2011 at the 8721:on 12 September 2015 8147:United States Census 7566:136th most populated 7320:, living on mainland 7238:Harlem Globetrotters 7222:Capitanes de Arecibo 7178:is also a member of 7151:2004 Summer Olympics 7020:Washington Nationals 6855:Puerto Rican cuisine 6797:Ruggiero Leoncavallo 6698:Music of Puerto Rico 6529:Media in Puerto Rico 6414:in 1863, which used 5923:Universidad del Este 5870:Escuela de Gramática 5809:community. In 2023, 5473:Puerto Rican Spanish 5110:Princeton University 5102:Irene Barnes Taeuber 4172:Port of the Americas 3992:, also known as the 3984:Flying into San Juan 3727:equal to 68% of its 3723:which has accrued a 3641:or elsewhere in the 3576:World Economic Forum 3511:Crime in Puerto Rico 3118:Jennifer M. Stopiran 3078:executive department 2580:speaker of the House 2560:Legislative Assembly 2526:separation of powers 2495:Pyrodinium bahamense 2277:Flora of Puerto Rico 2273:Fauna of Puerto Rico 2204:Tropical Storm Karen 2200:Wanda Vázquez Garced 1762:statehood referendum 1645:Spanish–American War 1618:Christopher Columbus 1511:Félix Córdova Dávila 1484:, in honor of Saint 1368:, together with the 1351:a local constitution 1349:. Congress approved 1293:Spanish–American War 1237:Christopher Columbus 1227:. It was claimed by 985:United States dollar 792:• 2023 estimate 625:Legislative Assembly 301:Current constitution 20758:Spanish West Indies 20656: / 20329:uninhabited islands 20231:U.S. Virgin Islands 19798:Indian reservations 19730:U.S. Virgin Islands 19107:Trinidad and Tobago 19002:Antigua and Barbuda 17733:Elfin woods warbler 17257:on 29 February 2020 16441:. pp. 1B, 2B. 15964:Delma S. Arrigoitia 15271:. 9 February 2014. 15245:on 12 February 2020 14755:Bureau, US Census. 14657:. 28 September 2016 13690:. 20 February 2017. 13598:on 10 December 2022 13090:2021EcoAp..31E2412T 13059: • 13010: • 12980:2012FrEE...10..135L 12954: • 12902: • 12844: • 12804:10.1038/ncomms12485 12796:2016NatCo...712485E 12769: • 12737:2009JApEc..46...10H 12707: • 12685:2006BiInv...8..611M 12662: • 12353:on 23 November 2016 11854:on 3 September 2009 11515:Link to Puerto Rico 11407:on 22 December 2015 11349:on 29 December 2009 11286:on 15 February 2020 11238:2015EstCo..38...84S 11033:on 7 September 2006 10842:World Bank (2023). 10540:2001JApMe..40.1785R 10499:2003IJCli..23.1359D 10425:The Washington Post 10175:on 25 December 2004 9756:on 24 November 2011 9159:on 13 October 2007. 8898:8 July 2017 at the 8678:on 22 December 2015 8515:. 10 October 2023. 7815:National Geographic 7562:27th most populated 7556:Puerto Rico is the 7190:, was established. 6890:, starchy tropical 6543:television stations 6458:Antonio S. Pedreira 6236:architectural style 6211:Cartagena de Indias 6134:, that made up the 5907:which operates the 5823:Jehovah's Witnesses 5724:Orthodox church in 5595:Pope Julius II 5591:that of Puerto Rico 5488:U.S. District Court 5431:northeastern states 5408:U.S. Virgin Islands 4350: 4336:) and KP5/NP5/WP5 ( 4235:government monopoly 3873:Puerto Rico has an 3823:In early 2017, the 3560:high income economy 3457:U.S. federal courts 3352:American Revolution 3252:Army National Guard 3187:state defense force 3167:U.S. Virgin Islands 2908:In 1992, President 2459:bioluminescent bays 2358:Puerto Rican amazon 2353:U.S. Forest Service 2349:tropical rainforest 2239:ocean acidification 2096:tropical rainforest 2013:events, along with 1746:In 2016, President 1472:La Isla del Encanto 1382:high-income economy 1154:U.S. Virgin Islands 331: / 130:Seal of Puerto Rico 19042:Dominican Republic 18794:Cordillera Central 18736:Isleta de San Juan 18212:Metropolitan areas 17947:Telecommunications 17871:Statehood movement 17746:Mona ground iguana 17625:Puerto Rico Trench 17596:Isleta de San Juan 17383:Jones–Shafroth Act 17373:Intentona de Yauco 17183:on 9 February 2014 17082:The New York Times 16994:on 16 October 2015 16910:. Baseballhall.org 16884:. Baseballhall.org 16862:. Baseballhall.org 16665:. Newdeal.feri.org 16439:Melbourne, Florida 16076:on 7 November 2005 16044:The Jerusalem Post 15919:on 2 December 2010 15521:"Porto Rico" 15269:The New York Times 14874:on 5 November 2013 14868:Caribbean Business 14791:has generic name ( 14589:(2 October 2020). 14384:on 21 January 2021 14290:Caribbean Business 14250:Gutierrez, Elías. 14104:on 8 February 2014 14084:The New York Times 13977:The New York Times 13772:The New York Times 13420:on 1 February 2014 13323:on 4 December 2013 13290:on 6 November 2013 13257:on 4 November 2013 13221:on 4 November 2013 13188:on 6 November 2013 13156:and Bettina Aten, 12560:data.worldbank.org 12378:The New York Times 12253:guides.law.fsu.edu 12129:The New York Times 11937:"News & Media" 11640:Boumediene v. Bush 11027:"Island Directory" 10763:. 28 August 2019. 10733:. 28 August 2019. 10006:maps.ngdc.noaa.gov 9786:on 14 January 2012 9655:Ponce, Puerto Rico 9614:www.sciencemag.org 9320:The Avalon Project 9276:House & Garden 8932:(24 November 2010) 8879:José Trías Monge. 8282:. 28 February 2016 8119:on 1 November 2020 8053:Harvard Law Review 7805:The New York Times 7558:4th most populated 7545:Cordillera Central 7479:territorial waters 7362:The definition of 7253:Pan American Games 7173: 7001: 6997:Dominican Republic 6903:arroz con gandules 6868: 6864:Arroz con gandules 6827: 6721: 6511:Esmeralda Santiago 6471:Nuyorican Movement 6448:Manuel Zeno Gandía 6394:. Among these was 6374:oral story telling 6370: 6286: 6240:Ponce, Puerto Rico 6229: 6168:Fort San Cristóbal 6153:Juan Ponce de León 6124: 5973: 5679: 5664:CIA World Factbook 5624:Diocese of Antigua 5483:official languages 5461:U.S. Census Bureau 5439:circular migration 5356:Dominican Republic 5332:68.9% (2,201,460) 5309:75.8% (2,824,148) 5286:80.5% (3,064,862) 5144: 5128:; and 41,736 were 4348: 4306:Telecommunications 4239:advice and consent 4231:power distribution 4227:power transmission 4159: 4138:in Ponce, and the 4117:private mini buses 4067: 3986: 3963: 3891: 3795: 3712: 3556: 3493:. There is also a 3466:then in effect in 3432:Law of Puerto Rico 3384:The Borinqueneers, 3368:Bernardo de Gálvez 3292: 3260:Air National Guard 3198:commander-in-chief 3179:commander-in-chief 3171: 3031:Territorial Clause 2995:county equivalents 2967: 2953:to other nations. 2858:fundamental rights 2847:Jones–Shafroth Act 2828:territorial clause 2820: 2720: 2716:divided government 2615:Jenniffer González 2604:advice and consent 2553:legislative branch 2516:Puerto Rico has a 2461:in the Caribbean: 2451:Cyclura stejnegeri 2319: 2088: 2054:Puerto Rico Trench 1922: 1907:Sierra de Luquillo 1895:Cordillera Central 1863: 1800: 1676:U.S. Supreme Court 1620:'s arrival in the 1610: 1598: 1555:. You can help by 1426:, a derivation of 1408:and hospitality). 1380:with an advanced, 1323:federal income tax 1295:, Puerto Rico was 1245:Juan Ponce de León 1202:official languages 1146:Dominican Republic 1110:), officially the 1039:+1 (787), +1 (939) 894:2023 estimate 842:2023 estimate 689:Jenniffer González 450:Hispanic or Latino 395:Ethnic groups 373:Official languages 290:Cession from Spain 20463: 20462: 20327:claims and other 20325:Guano Islands Act 20225:Panama Canal Zone 19897:Thirteen Colonies 19837: 19836: 19378: 19377: 19374: 19373: 19245:Clipperton Island 19199: 19198: 18941: 18940: 18862:Per capita income 18154: 18153: 18114: 18113: 17970: 17969: 17896: 17895: 17861:Political parties 17795: 17794: 17791: 17790: 17756:Opalescent grunt 17655: 17654: 17635:Grande de Arecibo 17484: 17483: 17167:. 24 August 2023. 17054:on 26 August 2016 16728:978-0-252-08558-1 16695:978-1-4619-5820-8 16601:978-1-74059-274-1 16309:. Buddhanet.net. 16159:on 2 October 2011 15972:978-0-942347-52-4 15469:. 29 March 2017. 15106:. 28 March 2014. 15013:. 28 April 1898. 14980:978-0-405-06241-4 14937:978-0-87917-036-3 14413:on 7 October 2009 14264:on 2 October 2013 12289:978-1-59884-305-7 12215:. Valerosos.com. 12039:Universidad ICESI 12015:on 24 August 2013 11775:Schaefer, Brett. 11636:Downes v. Bidwell 11210:978-0-520-23854-1 10645:"Hurricane Maria" 10534:(11): 1785–1800. 10462:on 9 October 2011 10210:on 5 January 2009 10149:on 18 August 2010 9929:978-0-12-800214-8 9816:on 19 August 2016 9507:978-0-16-092068-4 9468:978-1-892746-75-7 9400:978-0-8147-5680-5 9279:magazine in 1938. 9264:978-1-137-01284-5 9238:978-0-8173-8191-2 9133:978-1-4051-0250-6 9103:on 2 October 2013 9035:. 18 April 2017. 8980:taxes which only 8840:978-1-107-32037-6 8813:978-0-7914-1589-4 8786:978-0-7867-4817-4 8753:978-0-8225-3953-7 8611:978-90-272-5800-7 8475:. 26 April 2021. 8280:Earth Observatory 7727: 7230:Mixtape Tour Team 7088:McWilliams Arroyo 6740:and the popular 6710: 6248:Classical revival 6199:Hotel El Convento 6130:, in addition to 5738:Mita Congregation 5730:Oriental Orthodox 5599:John Paul II 5548:Roman Catholicism 5452:According to the 5427:World War II 5348: 5347: 5085: 5084: 5029:Two or more races 4954:Population makeup 4950: 4949: 4677:) of the island. 4603: 4602: 3772:the world economy 3606:), with a modern 3241:Puerto Rican Army 3096:, along with the 2947:associate justice 2910:George H. W. Bush 2754:emergence of the 2657:78 municipalities 2594:is headed by the 2445:Peltophryne lemur 2394:Setophaga angelae 2152:tropical cyclones 2064:, located in the 1960:sedimentary rocks 1874:but smaller than 1695:U.S. Constitution 1672:Department of War 1573: 1572: 1481:San Juan Bautista 1182:78 municipalities 1093: 1092: 1047:USPS abbreviation 919:• Per capita 867:• Per capita 611:Domingo Emanuelli 578:Omar Marrero Díaz 476:puertorriqueño -a 335:18.450°N 66.100°W 278:Before annexation 237: 16:(Redirected from 20785: 20718:Greater Antilles 20708:Island countries 20680: 20679: 20677: 20676: 20675: 20673: 20668: 20667: 20662: 20657: 20654: 20653: 20652: 20649: 20637: 20629: 20628: 20627: 20620: 20612: 20611: 20610: 20603: 20595: 20594: 20593: 20586: 20578: 20577: 20576: 20569: 20561: 20560: 20559: 20552: 20544: 20543: 20542: 20532: 20516: 20515: 20504: 20503: 20502: 20492: 20491: 20490: 20480: 20479: 20478: 20471: 20453: 20452: 20443: 20442: 20408:Quita Sueño Bank 19988:Indian Territory 19864: 19857: 19850: 19841: 19840: 19740:Outlying islands 19694:Washington, D.C. 19688:Federal district 19405: 19398: 19391: 19382: 19381: 19365: 19364: 19363: 19219: 19218: 19207: 18992: 18991: 18987:Sovereign states 18968: 18961: 18954: 18945: 18944: 18932: 18931: 18930: 18181: 18174: 18167: 18158: 18157: 18134: 18127: 17981: 17980: 17922: 17907: 17906: 17866:Political status 17816: 17806: 17805: 17783: 17775: 17767: 17759: 17741: 17686: 17685: 17664: 17663: 17495: 17494: 17423:Military history 17353: 17352: 17329: 17322: 17315: 17306: 17305: 17301: 17278: 17266: 17264: 17262: 17256: 17249: 17225: 17224: 17215: 17214: 17192: 17190: 17188: 17168: 17154: 17151:Country profiles 17130: 17129: 17121: 17120: 17112: 17109: 17108: 17106:Official website 17091: 17090: 17078: 17070: 17064: 17063: 17061: 17059: 17036: 17030: 17029: 17027: 17025: 17010: 17004: 17003: 17001: 16999: 16983: 16977: 16976: 16974: 16972: 16952: 16946: 16945: 16943: 16941: 16936:. 15 August 2004 16926: 16920: 16919: 16917: 16915: 16900: 16894: 16893: 16891: 16889: 16878: 16872: 16871: 16869: 16867: 16856: 16850: 16842: 16836: 16828: 16822: 16814: 16808: 16805: 16799: 16786: 16780: 16766: 16760: 16747: 16741: 16740: 16714: 16708: 16707: 16681: 16675: 16674: 16672: 16670: 16659: 16653: 16652: 16634: 16628: 16627: 16626:on 2 March 2010. 16622:. Archived from 16612: 16606: 16605: 16585: 16579: 16578: 16576: 16574: 16558: 16552: 16551: 16549: 16547: 16535: 16529: 16528: 16526: 16524: 16512: 16506: 16505: 16503: 16501: 16486: 16480: 16473: 16467: 16461: 16455: 16454: 16452: 16450: 16424: 16418: 16417: 16415: 16413: 16404:. Archived from 16394: 16388: 16387: 16385: 16383: 16372: 16366: 16355: 16349: 16348: 16346: 16344: 16329: 16323: 16322: 16320: 16318: 16303: 16297: 16291: 16285: 16284: 16282: 16280: 16261: 16255: 16254: 16252: 16250: 16231: 16225: 16224: 16222: 16220: 16211:. Archived from 16201: 16195: 16194: 16192: 16190: 16175: 16169: 16168: 16166: 16164: 16149: 16143: 16141: 16137: 16135: 16133: 16124:. Archived from 16118: 16112: 16111: 16109: 16107: 16092: 16086: 16085: 16083: 16081: 16066: 16060: 16059: 16057: 16055: 16035: 16029: 16028: 16026: 16024: 16009: 16000: 15999: 15997: 15995: 15980: 15974: 15957: 15951: 15935: 15929: 15928: 15926: 15924: 15909: 15903: 15902: 15897:. Archived from 15891: 15885: 15884: 15882: 15880: 15869: 15863: 15862: 15860: 15858: 15843: 15837: 15836: 15834: 15832: 15823:. Archived from 15812: 15806: 15805: 15803: 15801: 15782: 15776: 15775: 15773: 15771: 15752: 15746: 15745: 15739: 15737: 15717: 15711: 15710: 15705: 15703: 15684: 15678: 15677: 15675: 15673: 15654: 15648: 15647: 15645: 15643: 15632: 15626: 15625: 15623: 15621: 15606: 15600: 15593: 15587: 15586: 15584: 15582: 15577:on 17 March 2010 15571:"Sobre Nosotros" 15567: 15561: 15560: 15558: 15556: 15538: 15532: 15531: 15523: 15515: 15509: 15508: 15506: 15504: 15489: 15483: 15482: 15480: 15478: 15463: 15457: 15456: 15454: 15452: 15433: 15427: 15412: 15406: 15405: 15403: 15401: 15386: 15380: 15372: 15366: 15362: 15356: 15349: 15343: 15342: 15340: 15338: 15317: 15311: 15310: 15308: 15306: 15291: 15285: 15284: 15282: 15280: 15261: 15255: 15254: 15252: 15250: 15241:. Archived from 15234: 15228: 15227: 15225: 15223: 15204: 15198: 15197: 15195: 15193: 15177: 15171: 15158: 15152: 15151: 15149: 15147: 15141: 15135:. Archived from 15134: 15126: 15120: 15119: 15117: 15115: 15096: 15090: 15089: 15087: 15085: 15066: 15060: 15059: 15057: 15055: 15036: 15027: 15026: 15024: 15022: 15003: 14997: 14996: 14994: 14992: 14960: 14954: 14953: 14951: 14949: 14921: 14915: 14914: 14912: 14910: 14890: 14884: 14883: 14881: 14879: 14860: 14854: 14853: 14851: 14849: 14829: 14823: 14822: 14820: 14818: 14803: 14797: 14796: 14790: 14786: 14784: 14776: 14774: 14772: 14752: 14746: 14745: 14743: 14741: 14726: 14720: 14719: 14717: 14715: 14698: 14692: 14691: 14689: 14687: 14681:www.lexjuris.com 14673: 14667: 14666: 14664: 14662: 14647: 14641: 14631: 14625: 14615: 14609: 14608: 14606: 14604: 14595: 14583: 14577: 14576: 14574: 14572: 14563:. Archived from 14561:acueductospr.com 14553: 14547: 14546: 14544: 14542: 14520: 14514: 14513: 14511: 14509: 14487: 14481: 14480: 14478: 14476: 14470: 14464:. Archived from 14459: 14451: 14445: 14444: 14442: 14440: 14429: 14423: 14422: 14420: 14418: 14403: 14394: 14393: 14391: 14389: 14383: 14376: 14367: 14361: 14360: 14354: 14346: 14340: 14339: 14337: 14335: 14318: 14307: 14306: 14304: 14302: 14293:. Archived from 14280: 14274: 14273: 14271: 14269: 14263: 14257:. Archived from 14256: 14247: 14238: 14237: 14235: 14233: 14218: 14212: 14211: 14209: 14207: 14192: 14186: 14185: 14183: 14181: 14176:on 13 April 2014 14165: 14159: 14158: 14156: 14154: 14149:. Online.wsj.com 14142: 14136: 14135: 14133: 14131: 14120: 14114: 14113: 14111: 14109: 14094: 14088: 14087: 14075: 14069: 14068: 14066: 14064: 14059:on 13 March 2014 14049: 14043: 14033: 14027: 14026: 14024: 14022: 14003: 13994: 13993: 13991: 13989: 13973: 13965: 13959: 13958: 13956: 13954: 13948: 13942:. Archived from 13937: 13929: 13923: 13922: 13920: 13918: 13912: 13906:. Archived from 13901: 13893: 13887: 13886: 13884: 13882: 13863: 13857: 13856: 13854: 13852: 13847:on 22 April 2014 13846: 13835: 13827: 13821: 13820: 13818: 13816: 13795: 13789: 13788: 13786: 13784: 13762: 13756: 13755: 13753: 13751: 13742:. Archived from 13729: 13723: 13722: 13720: 13718: 13713:on 6 August 2017 13709:. Archived from 13698: 13692: 13691: 13683: 13677: 13676: 13670: 13668: 13657:The Fiscal Times 13648: 13642: 13641: 13639: 13637: 13617: 13608: 13607: 13605: 13603: 13597: 13581: 13575: 13574: 13572: 13570: 13555: 13546: 13545: 13543: 13541: 13530:The Fiscal Times 13521: 13515: 13514: 13512: 13510: 13495: 13489: 13488: 13483: 13481: 13466: 13460: 13459: 13453: 13451: 13436: 13430: 13429: 13427: 13425: 13403: 13397: 13396: 13394: 13392: 13386: 13375: 13366: 13360: 13359: 13357: 13355: 13339: 13333: 13332: 13330: 13328: 13306: 13300: 13299: 13297: 13295: 13273: 13267: 13266: 13264: 13262: 13240: 13231: 13230: 13228: 13226: 13204: 13198: 13197: 13195: 13193: 13171: 13165: 13147: 13141: 13137: 13135: 13133: 13098:10.1002/eap.2412 13078:Wiley Publishing 13056: 13007: 12968:Wiley Publishing 12951: 12899: 12873: 12841: 12823: 12788:Nature Portfolio 12766: 12748: 12725:Wiley Publishing 12704: 12657: 12642: 12641: 12639: 12637: 12618: 12612: 12611: 12609: 12607: 12601: 12595:. Archived from 12590: 12582: 12576: 12575: 12573: 12571: 12552: 12546: 12545: 12543: 12541: 12526: 12520: 12519: 12517: 12515: 12501: 12495: 12494: 12492: 12490: 12475: 12469: 12468: 12466: 12464: 12448: 12442: 12441: 12439: 12437: 12422: 12416: 12415: 12413: 12411: 12395: 12389: 12388: 12386: 12384: 12369: 12363: 12362: 12360: 12358: 12349:. Archived from 12339: 12333: 12332: 12318: 12312: 12311: 12300: 12294: 12293: 12275: 12269: 12268: 12266: 12264: 12244: 12238: 12235: 12229: 12228: 12226: 12224: 12208: 12202: 12201: 12199: 12197: 12177: 12171: 12164: 12155: 12151: 12145: 12144: 12142: 12140: 12131:. 3 April 2005. 12126: 12119: 12113: 12112: 12110: 12108: 12089: 12083: 12082: 12069: 12061: 12055: 12054: 12052: 12050: 12041:. 23 July 2013. 12031: 12025: 12024: 12022: 12020: 11999: 11993: 11992: 11990: 11988: 11982: 11971: 11962: 11953: 11952: 11950: 11948: 11933: 11927: 11912: 11906: 11905: 11903: 11901: 11887: 11879: 11873: 11870: 11864: 11863: 11861: 11859: 11853: 11847:. Archived from 11846: 11834: 11825: 11824: 11822: 11820: 11814: 11808:. Archived from 11807: 11799: 11793: 11792: 11790: 11788: 11779:. Heritage.org. 11772: 11766: 11765: 11763: 11761: 11742: 11733: 11732: 11730: 11728: 11713: 11707: 11706: 11704: 11702: 11687: 11681: 11680: 11678: 11676: 11661: 11655: 11649: 11643: 11633: 11627: 11624: 11618: 11617: 11615: 11613: 11607: 11600: 11591: 11585: 11584: 11582: 11580: 11565: 11559: 11558: 11556: 11554: 11549:on 21 April 2004 11545:. Archived from 11539: 11533: 11532: 11530: 11528: 11523:on 11 April 2004 11519:. Archived from 11509: 11500: 11499: 11497: 11495: 11489: 11482: 11474: 11468: 11467: 11465: 11463: 11457: 11450: 11442: 11436: 11423: 11417: 11416: 11414: 11412: 11406: 11400:. Archived from 11394: 11385: 11384: 11382: 11380: 11365: 11359: 11358: 11356: 11354: 11348: 11342:. Archived from 11341: 11333: 11327: 11326: 11324: 11322: 11302: 11296: 11295: 11293: 11291: 11282:. Archived from 11272: 11266: 11265: 11220: 11214: 11213: 11196: 11190: 11189: 11187: 11185: 11179: 11172: 11158: 11152: 11149: 11143: 11142: 11140: 11138: 11115: 11109: 11108: 11106: 11104: 11098: 11087: 11079: 11073: 11072: 11070: 11068: 11049: 11043: 11042: 11040: 11038: 11023: 11017: 11016: 11006: 10988: 10964: 10958: 10957: 10955: 10953: 10948: 10939: 10933: 10932: 10920: 10914: 10913: 10901: 10895: 10894: 10854: 10848: 10847: 10839: 10833: 10832: 10830: 10828: 10814: 10808: 10807: 10805: 10803: 10783: 10777: 10776: 10774: 10772: 10753: 10747: 10746: 10744: 10742: 10723: 10717: 10716: 10714: 10712: 10697: 10691: 10690: 10688: 10686: 10667: 10661: 10660: 10658: 10656: 10640: 10634: 10633: 10631: 10629: 10610: 10604: 10603: 10601: 10599: 10590:. Archived from 10580: 10574: 10560: 10554: 10553: 10551: 10519: 10513: 10512: 10510: 10478: 10472: 10471: 10469: 10467: 10458:. Archived from 10448: 10442: 10441: 10439: 10437: 10415: 10409: 10408: 10406: 10404: 10398: 10387: 10378: 10372: 10371: 10369: 10367: 10352: 10346: 10345: 10343: 10341: 10325: 10316: 10305: 10299: 10287: 10281: 10270: 10264: 10252: 10246: 10245: 10243: 10241: 10226: 10220: 10219: 10217: 10215: 10206:. Archived from 10195: 10189: 10188: 10184: 10182: 10180: 10171:. Archived from 10165: 10159: 10158: 10156: 10154: 10139: 10133: 10132: 10130: 10128: 10113: 10107: 10106: 10104: 10102: 10083: 10077: 10076: 10074: 10072: 10057: 10051: 10050: 10048: 10046: 10031: 10022: 10021: 10019: 10017: 9998: 9992: 9991: 9979: 9973: 9972: 9960: 9954: 9953: 9951: 9949: 9899: 9893: 9892: 9882: 9858: 9852: 9851: 9849: 9847: 9832: 9826: 9825: 9823: 9821: 9810:Policy.house.gov 9802: 9796: 9795: 9793: 9791: 9772: 9766: 9765: 9763: 9761: 9745: 9739: 9724: 9718: 9703: 9697: 9696: 9694: 9692: 9677: 9671: 9670: 9642: 9636: 9635: 9624: 9618: 9617: 9606: 9600: 9593: 9587: 9586: 9576: 9570: 9569: 9567: 9565: 9547: 9541: 9540: 9530: 9524: 9523: 9521: 9519: 9491: 9485: 9484: 9482: 9480: 9448: 9442: 9423: 9417: 9416: 9414: 9412: 9376: 9370: 9369: 9367: 9365: 9346: 9340: 9339: 9337: 9335: 9312: 9306: 9305: 9303: 9301: 9286: 9280: 9268: 9246: 9240: 9226: 9220: 9209: 9203: 9192: 9186: 9185: 9183: 9181: 9167: 9161: 9160: 9144: 9138: 9137: 9119: 9113: 9112: 9110: 9108: 9099:. Archived from 9089: 9078: 9077: 9075: 9073: 9058: 9049: 9048: 9046: 9044: 9025: 9019: 9018: 9016: 9014: 9008: 9001: 8993: 8987: 8961: 8955: 8939: 8933: 8909: 8903: 8890: 8884: 8877: 8871: 8870: 8868: 8866: 8851: 8845: 8844: 8824: 8818: 8817: 8797: 8791: 8790: 8772: 8766: 8765: 8737: 8731: 8730: 8728: 8726: 8717:. Archived from 8711: 8705: 8694: 8688: 8687: 8685: 8683: 8677: 8661: 8655: 8654: 8652: 8650: 8635: 8616: 8615: 8595: 8589: 8588: 8586: 8584: 8578: 8572:. Archived from 8557: 8551: 8550: 8548: 8546: 8535: 8529: 8528: 8526: 8524: 8505: 8492: 8491: 8489: 8487: 8481: 8470: 8462: 8451: 8450: 8448: 8446: 8427: 8421: 8420: 8418: 8416: 8401: 8395: 8394: 8392: 8390: 8376: 8370: 8369: 8367: 8365: 8351: 8345: 8344: 8342: 8340: 8331: 8323: 8317: 8316: 8314: 8312: 8306:US Census Bureau 8298: 8292: 8291: 8289: 8287: 8272: 8266: 8265: 8263: 8261: 8255:US Census Bureau 8247: 8241: 8240: 8238: 8236: 8222: 8216: 8215: 8213: 8211: 8196: 8190: 8189: 8187: 8185: 8174:"puertorriqueño" 8170: 8164: 8163: 8161: 8159: 8138: 8129: 8128: 8126: 8124: 8105: 8099: 8098: 8096: 8094: 8075: 8066: 8065: 8063: 8061: 8044: 8027: 8024: 8018: 8015: 8009: 8006: 8000: 7996: 7990: 7987: 7981: 7978: 7972: 7968: 7962: 7958: 7952: 7948: 7942: 7939: 7933: 7930: 7924: 7921: 7915: 7911: 7905: 7901: 7895: 7891: 7885: 7882: 7876: 7875: 7869: 7866: 7860: 7857: 7851: 7848: 7842: 7825: 7819: 7764: 7758: 7756: 7748: 7742: 7735: 7729: 7725: 7722: 7715: 7709: 7706: 7690: 7685: 7681: 7676: 7667: 7663: 7659: 7654: 7653: 7650: 7649: 7646: 7641: 7640: 7637: 7634: 7631: 7628: 7625: 7620: 7619: 7616: 7613: 7610: 7607: 7603: 7602: 7599: 7596: 7593: 7590: 7583: 7575: 7569: 7554: 7548: 7538: 7532: 7497: 7491: 7467: 7461: 7414: 7408: 7385: 7379: 7360: 7351: 7340: 7211:World's Best 10K 7058:Roberto Clemente 7044: 7035:Caribbean Series 6843:Puerto Rico Flag 6835:Luis Muñoz Marín 6773:With respect to 6758:In the realm of 6711: 6679: 6669: 6657: 6649: 6641: 6633: 6630:La Perla del Sur 6625: 6614: 6608: 6602: 6596: 6588: 6580: 6572: 6564: 6499:Giannina Braschi 6465: 6455: 6413: 6403: 6396:Manuel A. Alonso 6386: 6268:Puerto Rican art 6223:, a landmark of 6221:Parque de Bombas 6174:, also known as 5999:health insurance 5992: 5982: 5950: 5949: 5942: 5941: 5926: 5925: 5914: 5913: 5906: 5905: 5872: 5835:Tibetan Buddhism 5703:Russian Orthodox 5690:Eastern Orthodox 5657:Associated Press 5571: 5566: Other (3%) 5565: 5555: 5545: 5454:2020 U.S. census 5315:12.4% (461,998) 5312:11.1% (413,563) 5289:11.0% (418,426) 5249: 5248: 5168:Balearic Islands 5117:natural increase 4966: 4965: 4780: 4770: 4743: 4733: 4693: 4681: 4680: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4351: 4347: 4267:Water and sewage 4253: 4221:responsible for 4177: 4156: 4114: 4108: 3875:operating budget 3840:Ricardo Rosselló 3661:political status 3612:Port of San Juan 3610:overlooking the 3339:U.S. Coast Guard 3245:U.S. Coast Guard 3090:honorary consuls 3080:, headed by the 3047:Washington, D.C. 2951:U.S. ambassadors 2887: 2863:compulsory draft 2785:Political status 2647:Puerto Rico has 2642:Washington, D.C. 2584:Tatito Hernández 2576:José Luis Dalmau 2555:consists of the 2260:renewable energy 2196:Hurricane Dorian 2028: 2019:geologic hazards 1973: 1954:and more recent 1930:water flow rates 1880:Greater Antilles 1852:Puerta de Tierra 1750:signed into law 1741:free association 1641:Greater Antilles 1639:smallest of the 1614:Ortoiroid people 1595:Hurricane Eloise 1568: 1565: 1547: 1540: 1526:Associated State 1523: 1493: 1486:John the Baptist 1483: 1474: 1468: 1462: 1456: 1450: 1444: 1431: 1425: 1357:. Puerto Rico's 1206:executive branch 1188:municipality of 1150:Greater Antilles 1124:organized as an 1101: 1100: 1049: 972: 971: 963: 952: 951: 943: 927: 926: 908: 907: 891: 875: 874: 856: 855: 839: 346: 345: 343: 342: 341: 336: 332: 329: 328: 327: 324: 295:10 December 1898 292: 270: 268: 267: 250: 239: 238: 224: 216: 215: 190: 182: 181: 158: 150: 149: 128: 113: 102: 90: 84: 77: 73: 52: 51: 21: 20793: 20792: 20788: 20787: 20786: 20784: 20783: 20782: 20683: 20682: 20671: 20669: 20665: 20663: 20659: 20658: 20655: 20650: 20647: 20645: 20643: 20642: 20640: 20630: 20625: 20623: 20619:from Wikivoyage 20613: 20608: 20606: 20602:from Wikisource 20596: 20591: 20589: 20579: 20574: 20572: 20562: 20557: 20555: 20545: 20540: 20538: 20535: 20531:sister projects 20528:at Knowledge's 20522: 20510: 20500: 20498: 20488: 20486: 20476: 20474: 20466: 20464: 20459: 20431: 20342:Phoenix Islands 20333: 20316: 20293:Volcano Islands 20259: 20242: 20156: 20143: 19906: 19873: 19868: 19838: 19833: 19810: 19792: 19734: 19696: 19682: 19421: 19412: 19409: 19379: 19370: 19361: 19359: 19352: 19331: 19290: 19264: 19233: 19208: 19195: 19116: 18981: 18972: 18942: 18937: 18928: 18926: 18919: 18891:Historic places 18833: 18824:Portugués River 18789:Cerro Maravilla 18765: 18676:Caja de Muertos 18662: 18259: 18206: 18194: 18185: 18155: 18150: 18137: 18130: 18123: 18110: 18101:Public holidays 18032: 17966: 17920: 17892: 17814: 17787: 17781: 17773: 17765: 17757: 17739: 17719: 17675: 17651: 17640:Grande de Loiza 17576:Caja de Muertos 17480: 17432: 17428:Women's history 17342: 17333: 17288: 17285: 17269: 17260: 17258: 17254: 17247: 17243: 17240: 17222: 17212: 17208: 17186: 17184: 17171: 17157: 17145: 17125: 17124: 17116: 17115: 17110: 17104: 17103: 17100: 17095: 17094: 17071: 17067: 17057: 17055: 17038: 17037: 17033: 17023: 17021: 17011: 17007: 16997: 16995: 16984: 16980: 16970: 16968: 16953: 16949: 16939: 16937: 16928: 16927: 16923: 16913: 16911: 16902: 16901: 16897: 16887: 16885: 16880: 16879: 16875: 16865: 16863: 16858: 16857: 16853: 16843: 16839: 16829: 16825: 16815: 16811: 16806: 16802: 16796:Wayback Machine 16787: 16783: 16777:Wayback Machine 16768:Rod, Steven J. 16767: 16763: 16757:Wayback Machine 16748: 16744: 16729: 16715: 16711: 16696: 16682: 16678: 16668: 16666: 16661: 16660: 16656: 16647:Brooklyn Museum 16635: 16631: 16614: 16613: 16609: 16602: 16586: 16582: 16572: 16570: 16559: 16555: 16545: 16543: 16536: 16532: 16522: 16520: 16513: 16509: 16499: 16497: 16496:on 22 July 2010 16488: 16487: 16483: 16474: 16470: 16462: 16458: 16448: 16446: 16425: 16421: 16411: 16409: 16408:on 4 March 2016 16396: 16395: 16391: 16381: 16379: 16374: 16373: 16369: 16356: 16352: 16342: 16340: 16331: 16330: 16326: 16316: 16314: 16305: 16304: 16300: 16292: 16288: 16278: 16276: 16263: 16262: 16258: 16248: 16246: 16233: 16232: 16228: 16218: 16216: 16203: 16202: 16198: 16188: 16186: 16177: 16176: 16172: 16162: 16160: 16151: 16150: 16146: 16139: 16131: 16129: 16120: 16119: 16115: 16105: 16103: 16094: 16093: 16089: 16079: 16077: 16068: 16067: 16063: 16053: 16051: 16036: 16032: 16022: 16020: 16011: 16010: 16003: 15993: 15991: 15982: 15981: 15977: 15958: 15954: 15948:Wayback Machine 15936: 15932: 15922: 15920: 15911: 15910: 15906: 15893: 15892: 15888: 15878: 15876: 15873:"¡Bienvenidos!" 15871: 15870: 15866: 15856: 15854: 15853:on 4 March 2011 15845: 15844: 15840: 15830: 15828: 15827:on 6 April 2023 15813: 15809: 15799: 15797: 15784: 15783: 15779: 15769: 15767: 15754: 15753: 15749: 15735: 15733: 15718: 15714: 15701: 15699: 15686: 15685: 15681: 15671: 15669: 15656: 15655: 15651: 15641: 15639: 15634: 15633: 15629: 15619: 15617: 15608: 15607: 15603: 15594: 15590: 15580: 15578: 15569: 15568: 15564: 15554: 15552: 15539: 15535: 15516: 15512: 15502: 15500: 15491: 15490: 15486: 15476: 15474: 15465: 15464: 15460: 15450: 15448: 15435: 15434: 15430: 15424:Wayback Machine 15413: 15409: 15399: 15397: 15388: 15387: 15383: 15373: 15369: 15363: 15359: 15350: 15346: 15336: 15334: 15319: 15318: 15314: 15304: 15302: 15292: 15288: 15278: 15276: 15263: 15262: 15258: 15248: 15246: 15235: 15231: 15221: 15219: 15206: 15205: 15201: 15191: 15189: 15178: 15174: 15168:Wayback Machine 15159: 15155: 15145: 15143: 15139: 15132: 15128: 15127: 15123: 15113: 15111: 15098: 15097: 15093: 15083: 15081: 15068: 15067: 15063: 15053: 15051: 15038: 15037: 15030: 15020: 15018: 15005: 15004: 15000: 14990: 14988: 14981: 14961: 14957: 14947: 14945: 14938: 14922: 14918: 14908: 14906: 14891: 14887: 14877: 14875: 14862: 14861: 14857: 14847: 14845: 14830: 14826: 14816: 14814: 14805: 14804: 14800: 14788: 14787: 14778: 14777: 14770: 14768: 14753: 14749: 14739: 14737: 14728: 14727: 14723: 14713: 14711: 14699: 14695: 14685: 14683: 14675: 14674: 14670: 14660: 14658: 14649: 14648: 14644: 14632: 14628: 14616: 14612: 14602: 14600: 14593: 14584: 14580: 14570: 14568: 14555: 14554: 14550: 14540: 14538: 14521: 14517: 14507: 14505: 14488: 14484: 14474: 14472: 14468: 14457: 14453: 14452: 14448: 14438: 14436: 14431: 14430: 14426: 14416: 14414: 14405: 14404: 14397: 14387: 14385: 14381: 14374: 14368: 14364: 14352: 14348: 14347: 14343: 14333: 14331: 14330:. 20 March 2013 14320: 14319: 14310: 14300: 14298: 14297:on 8 March 2014 14281: 14277: 14267: 14265: 14261: 14254: 14248: 14241: 14231: 14229: 14220: 14219: 14215: 14205: 14203: 14194: 14193: 14189: 14179: 14177: 14166: 14162: 14152: 14150: 14143: 14139: 14129: 14127: 14122: 14121: 14117: 14107: 14105: 14096: 14095: 14091: 14076: 14072: 14062: 14060: 14051: 14050: 14046: 14034: 14030: 14020: 14018: 14005: 14004: 13997: 13987: 13985: 13966: 13962: 13952: 13950: 13946: 13935: 13931: 13930: 13926: 13916: 13914: 13910: 13899: 13895: 13894: 13890: 13880: 13878: 13865: 13864: 13860: 13850: 13848: 13844: 13833: 13829: 13828: 13824: 13814: 13812: 13811:on 2 March 2014 13797: 13796: 13792: 13782: 13780: 13763: 13759: 13749: 13747: 13746:on 9 April 2014 13730: 13726: 13716: 13714: 13699: 13695: 13685: 13684: 13680: 13666: 13664: 13649: 13645: 13635: 13633: 13618: 13611: 13601: 13599: 13590:Financial Times 13582: 13578: 13568: 13566: 13557: 13556: 13549: 13539: 13537: 13522: 13518: 13508: 13506: 13497: 13496: 13492: 13479: 13477: 13468: 13467: 13463: 13449: 13447: 13438: 13437: 13433: 13423: 13421: 13404: 13400: 13390: 13388: 13384: 13373: 13367: 13363: 13353: 13351: 13340: 13336: 13326: 13324: 13307: 13303: 13293: 13291: 13274: 13270: 13260: 13258: 13241: 13234: 13224: 13222: 13205: 13201: 13191: 13189: 13172: 13168: 13148: 13144: 13140: 13131: 13129: 12658: 12645: 12635: 12633: 12620: 12619: 12615: 12605: 12603: 12599: 12588: 12584: 12583: 12579: 12569: 12567: 12554: 12553: 12549: 12539: 12537: 12534:UNO Radio Group 12528: 12527: 12523: 12513: 12511: 12503: 12502: 12498: 12488: 12486: 12477: 12476: 12472: 12462: 12460: 12449: 12445: 12435: 12433: 12424: 12423: 12419: 12409: 12407: 12396: 12392: 12382: 12380: 12370: 12366: 12356: 12354: 12341: 12340: 12336: 12319: 12315: 12302: 12301: 12297: 12290: 12276: 12272: 12262: 12260: 12247:Hunter, Britt. 12245: 12241: 12236: 12232: 12222: 12220: 12209: 12205: 12195: 12193: 12178: 12174: 12168:South End Press 12165: 12158: 12152: 12148: 12138: 12136: 12121: 12120: 12116: 12106: 12104: 12091: 12090: 12086: 12062: 12058: 12048: 12046: 12033: 12032: 12028: 12018: 12016: 12001: 12000: 11996: 11986: 11984: 11980: 11969: 11963: 11956: 11946: 11944: 11935: 11934: 11930: 11924:Wayback Machine 11913: 11909: 11899: 11897: 11885: 11881: 11880: 11876: 11871: 11867: 11857: 11855: 11851: 11844: 11836: 11835: 11828: 11818: 11816: 11812: 11805: 11801: 11800: 11796: 11786: 11784: 11773: 11769: 11759: 11757: 11744: 11743: 11736: 11726: 11724: 11715: 11714: 11710: 11700: 11698: 11697:on 1 April 2010 11689: 11688: 11684: 11674: 11672: 11663: 11662: 11658: 11650: 11646: 11634: 11630: 11625: 11621: 11611: 11609: 11605: 11598: 11592: 11588: 11578: 11576: 11567: 11566: 11562: 11552: 11550: 11541: 11540: 11536: 11526: 11524: 11511: 11510: 11503: 11493: 11491: 11487: 11480: 11476: 11475: 11471: 11461: 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10508:10.1002/joc.937 10493:(11): 1359–81. 10479: 10475: 10465: 10463: 10450: 10449: 10445: 10435: 10433: 10416: 10412: 10402: 10400: 10396: 10385: 10379: 10375: 10365: 10363: 10354: 10353: 10349: 10339: 10337: 10328:Uri ten Brink. 10326: 10319: 10306: 10302: 10288: 10284: 10271: 10267: 10253: 10249: 10239: 10237: 10236:on 14 July 2007 10228: 10227: 10223: 10213: 10211: 10196: 10192: 10186: 10178: 10176: 10167: 10166: 10162: 10152: 10150: 10141: 10140: 10136: 10126: 10124: 10115: 10114: 10110: 10100: 10098: 10085: 10084: 10080: 10070: 10068: 10059: 10058: 10054: 10044: 10042: 10033: 10032: 10025: 10015: 10013: 10000: 9999: 9995: 9980: 9976: 9961: 9957: 9947: 9945: 9930: 9900: 9896: 9859: 9855: 9845: 9843: 9834: 9833: 9829: 9819: 9817: 9804: 9803: 9799: 9789: 9787: 9780:Washington Post 9774: 9773: 9769: 9759: 9757: 9746: 9742: 9736:Wayback Machine 9725: 9721: 9715:Wayback Machine 9704: 9700: 9690: 9688: 9679: 9678: 9674: 9643: 9639: 9626: 9625: 9621: 9608: 9607: 9603: 9594: 9590: 9577: 9573: 9563: 9561: 9548: 9544: 9531: 9527: 9517: 9515: 9508: 9492: 9488: 9478: 9476: 9469: 9449: 9445: 9424: 9420: 9410: 9408: 9401: 9377: 9373: 9363: 9361: 9348: 9347: 9343: 9333: 9331: 9324:Yale Law School 9314: 9313: 9309: 9299: 9297: 9288: 9287: 9283: 9265: 9247: 9243: 9227: 9223: 9210: 9206: 9193: 9189: 9179: 9177: 9168: 9164: 9145: 9141: 9134: 9120: 9116: 9106: 9104: 9091: 9090: 9081: 9071: 9069: 9060: 9059: 9052: 9042: 9040: 9027: 9026: 9022: 9012: 9010: 9006: 8999: 8995: 8994: 8990: 8973:Wayback Machine 8962: 8958: 8952:Wayback Machine 8940: 8936: 8930:Wayback Machine 8919:Wayback Machine 8910: 8906: 8900:Wayback Machine 8891: 8887: 8878: 8874: 8864: 8862: 8853: 8852: 8848: 8841: 8825: 8821: 8814: 8798: 8794: 8787: 8773: 8769: 8754: 8738: 8734: 8724: 8722: 8713: 8712: 8708: 8695: 8691: 8681: 8679: 8675: 8663: 8662: 8658: 8648: 8646: 8637: 8636: 8619: 8612: 8596: 8592: 8582: 8580: 8576: 8558: 8554: 8544: 8542: 8537: 8536: 8532: 8522: 8520: 8507: 8506: 8495: 8485: 8483: 8479: 8468: 8464: 8463: 8454: 8444: 8442: 8437:. 1 July 2023. 8429: 8428: 8424: 8414: 8412: 8403: 8402: 8398: 8388: 8386: 8378: 8377: 8373: 8363: 8361: 8353: 8352: 8348: 8338: 8336: 8329: 8325: 8324: 8320: 8310: 8308: 8300: 8299: 8295: 8285: 8283: 8274: 8273: 8269: 8259: 8257: 8249: 8248: 8244: 8234: 8232: 8224: 8223: 8219: 8209: 8207: 8198: 8197: 8193: 8183: 8181: 8172: 8171: 8167: 8157: 8155: 8140: 8139: 8132: 8122: 8120: 8107: 8106: 8102: 8092: 8090: 8077: 8076: 8069: 8059: 8057: 8056:. 10 April 2017 8046: 8045: 8041: 8036: 8031: 8030: 8025: 8021: 8016: 8012: 8007: 8003: 7997: 7993: 7988: 7984: 7979: 7975: 7969: 7965: 7959: 7955: 7949: 7945: 7940: 7936: 7931: 7927: 7922: 7918: 7912: 7908: 7902: 7898: 7892: 7888: 7883: 7879: 7873: 7867: 7864: 7858: 7855: 7849: 7846: 7840: 7826: 7822: 7796:Treaty of Paris 7765: 7761: 7749: 7745: 7736: 7732: 7716: 7712: 7683: 7674: 7665: 7661: 7657: 7643: 7622: 7604: 7587: 7581: 7580: 7577:Pronunciation: 7576: 7572: 7555: 7551: 7539: 7535: 7498: 7494: 7468: 7464: 7450:En Mi Puertorro 7415: 7411: 7386: 7382: 7361: 7354: 7341: 7337: 7332: 7304: 7267:were hosted in 7249:Winter Olympics 7120:Wilfred Benítez 7042: 6999:, 20 March 2013 6982: 6976: 6934:arroz con dulce 6857: 6851: 6815: 6809: 6768:Casals Festival 6760:classical music 6702: 6700: 6694: 6531: 6525: 6360: 6354: 6282:Brooklyn Museum 6270: 6264: 6252:Spanish Revival 6145:San José Church 6094: 6088: 6076:Cerro Las Tetas 6013: 6007: 5961: 5865: 5859: 5787:Orthodox Jewish 5580: 5579: 5578: 5577: 5569: 5567: 5563: 5561: 5553: 5551: 5543: 5535: 5479: 5471:Main articles: 5469: 5404:Black Americans 5400:White Americans 5338:9.8% (313,125) 5292:8.0% (302,933) 5247: 5239: 5237:Life expectancy 5223: 5124:; 300,430 were 5087: 5086: 5078: 5065: 5050: 5044:American Indian 5035: 5020: 5005: 4990: 4962: 4956: 4951: 4781: 4775: 4771: 4744: 4738: 4734: 4698: 4697: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4639: 4633: 4613: 4605:Main articles: 4362: 4346: 4338:Desecheo Island 4314: 4308: 4277:Similarly, the 4275: 4269: 4199: 4193: 4188: 4175: 4112:carros públicos 4093:is served by a 4089:. The island's 4057: 4051: 3951: 3871: 3859:Main articles: 3857: 3855:Public finances 3821: 3808:Hurricane Maria 3801: 3790:Beach in Coto, 3784: 3709:economic sector 3582:. According to 3544: 3536:Main articles: 3534: 3517: 3509:Main articles: 3507: 3499:double jeopardy 3434: 3426:Main articles: 3424: 3262:– known as the 3175:Treaty of Paris 3159: 3153: 3023: 3017: 2973: 2959: 2945:, serves as an 2939:Sonia Sotomayor 2886:$ 3.742 billion 2885: 2875:Social Security 2797: 2789:Main articles: 2787: 2707: 2701: 2606:of the Senate. 2592:judicial branch 2562:, made up of a 2514: 2506:Main articles: 2504: 2479:Puerto Mosquito 2430:Caja de Muertos 2279: 2271:Main articles: 2269: 2264: 2263: 2220: 2212: 2184:Hurricane Maria 2144: 2080: 2074: 2026: 1971: 1820:Caja de Muertos 1788: 1776:Main articles: 1774: 1732: 1722: 1579: 1569: 1563: 1560: 1553:needs expansion 1538: 1414: 1394:pharmaceuticals 1366:U.S. government 1158:Lesser Antilles 1077: 1054: 1045: 1017: 969: 968: 967: 961: 949: 948: 947: 941: 920: 901: 889: 868: 849: 833: 817: 807: 796:3,205,691 ( 793: 768: 758: 743: 733: 723: 713: 685: 651: 636: 607: 594: 574: 554:Pedro Pierluisi 550: 530: 492: 488: 484: 479: 457: 441: 428:Native American 399: 389: 367: 365: 340:18.450; -66.100 339: 337: 333: 330: 325: 322: 320: 318: 317: 316: 288: 265: 263: 259:Sovereign state 253: 241: 240: 230: 225: 218: 197: 191: 184: 161: 159: 152: 133: 132: 131: 129: 120: 119: 118: 114: 107: 103: 79: 78: 75: 74: 71: 66: 57: 50: 45: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 20791: 20781: 20780: 20775: 20770: 20765: 20760: 20755: 20750: 20745: 20740: 20735: 20730: 20725: 20720: 20715: 20710: 20705: 20700: 20695: 20639: 20638: 20621: 20604: 20587: 20585:from Wikiquote 20570: 20553: 20524: 20521: 20520: 20508: 20496: 20484: 20461: 20460: 20458: 20457: 20447: 20436: 20433: 20432: 20430: 20429: 20423: 20422:(1899–present) 20417: 20416:(1898–present) 20411: 20405: 20404:(1867–present) 20399: 20398:(1867–present) 20396:Howland Island 20393: 20387: 20386:(1860–present) 20381: 20380:(1858–present) 20378:Navassa Island 20375: 20374:(1858–present) 20372:Johnston Atoll 20369: 20368:(1858–present) 20363: 20362:(1857–present) 20357: 20351: 20345: 20338: 20335: 20334: 20332: 20331: 20321: 20318: 20317: 20315: 20314: 20308: 20302: 20296: 20290: 20284: 20283: 20282: 20276: 20268:Ryukyu Islands 20264: 20261: 20260: 20258: 20257: 20247: 20244: 20243: 20241: 20240: 20239:(1986–present) 20234: 20233:(1917–present) 20228: 20222: 20221:(1899–present) 20219:American Samoa 20216: 20215: 20214: 20208: 20202: 20193: 20192: 20191: 20185: 20179: 20168: 20167:(1898–present) 20161: 20158: 20157: 20155: 20154: 20148: 20145: 20144: 20142: 20141: 20135: 20129: 20128: 20127: 20121: 20115: 20106: 20100: 20094: 20088: 20082: 20076: 20070: 20064: 20058: 20052: 20046: 20045: 20044: 20038: 20029: 20023: 20017: 20011: 20005: 20004: 20003: 19997: 19991: 19982: 19976: 19970: 19964: 19958: 19952: 19942: 19936: 19930: 19924: 19918: 19911: 19908: 19907: 19905: 19904: 19899: 19894: 19889: 19884: 19878: 19875: 19874: 19867: 19866: 19859: 19852: 19844: 19835: 19834: 19832: 19831: 19826: 19824:Guantanamo Bay 19820: 19818: 19812: 19811: 19809: 19808: 19802: 19800: 19794: 19793: 19791: 19790: 19785: 19780: 19778:Navassa Island 19775: 19770: 19765: 19763:Johnston Atoll 19760: 19755: 19753:Howland Island 19750: 19744: 19742: 19736: 19735: 19733: 19732: 19727: 19722: 19717: 19712: 19710:American Samoa 19706: 19704: 19698: 19697: 19692: 19690: 19684: 19683: 19681: 19680: 19675: 19670: 19665: 19660: 19655: 19650: 19645: 19640: 19635: 19630: 19628:South Carolina 19625: 19620: 19615: 19610: 19605: 19600: 19595: 19593:North Carolina 19590: 19585: 19580: 19575: 19570: 19565: 19560: 19555: 19550: 19545: 19540: 19535: 19530: 19525: 19520: 19515: 19510: 19505: 19500: 19495: 19490: 19485: 19480: 19475: 19470: 19465: 19460: 19455: 19450: 19445: 19440: 19435: 19429: 19427: 19423: 19422: 19417: 19414: 19413: 19408: 19407: 19400: 19393: 19385: 19376: 19375: 19372: 19371: 19357: 19354: 19353: 19351: 19350: 19345: 19339: 19337: 19333: 19332: 19330: 19329: 19324: 19319: 19317:Cayman Islands 19314: 19309: 19304: 19298: 19296: 19295:United Kingdom 19292: 19291: 19289: 19288: 19283: 19278: 19272: 19270: 19266: 19265: 19263: 19262: 19257: 19252: 19250:St. Barthélemy 19247: 19241: 19239: 19235: 19234: 19232: 19231: 19225: 19223: 19216: 19210: 19209: 19202: 19200: 19197: 19196: 19194: 19193: 19192: 19191: 19186: 19176: 19175: 19174: 19172:Sint Eustatius 19169: 19164: 19154: 19153: 19152: 19147: 19137: 19136: 19135: 19124: 19122: 19118: 19117: 19115: 19114: 19109: 19104: 19099: 19094: 19089: 19084: 19079: 19074: 19069: 19064: 19059: 19054: 19049: 19044: 19039: 19034: 19029: 19024: 19019: 19014: 19009: 19004: 18998: 18996: 18989: 18983: 18982: 18971: 18970: 18963: 18956: 18948: 18939: 18938: 18924: 18921: 18920: 18918: 18917: 18916: 18915: 18910: 18905: 18895: 18894: 18893: 18883: 18882: 18881: 18876: 18866: 18865: 18864: 18854: 18849: 18843: 18841: 18835: 18834: 18832: 18831: 18826: 18821: 18816: 18811: 18809:Flamenco Beach 18806: 18801: 18796: 18791: 18786: 18784:Cerro de Punta 18781: 18779:Bahía de Ponce 18775: 18773: 18767: 18766: 18764: 18763: 18758: 18753: 18748: 18743: 18738: 18733: 18728: 18723: 18718: 18713: 18711:Isla de Jueyes 18708: 18706:Isla de Cabras 18703: 18698: 18693: 18688: 18683: 18678: 18672: 18670: 18664: 18663: 18661: 18660: 18655: 18650: 18645: 18640: 18635: 18630: 18625: 18620: 18615: 18610: 18605: 18600: 18595: 18590: 18585: 18580: 18575: 18570: 18565: 18560: 18555: 18550: 18545: 18540: 18535: 18530: 18525: 18520: 18515: 18510: 18505: 18500: 18495: 18490: 18485: 18480: 18475: 18470: 18465: 18460: 18455: 18450: 18445: 18440: 18435: 18430: 18425: 18420: 18415: 18410: 18405: 18400: 18395: 18390: 18385: 18380: 18375: 18370: 18365: 18360: 18355: 18350: 18345: 18340: 18335: 18330: 18325: 18320: 18315: 18310: 18305: 18300: 18295: 18290: 18285: 18280: 18275: 18269: 18267: 18265:Municipalities 18261: 18260: 18258: 18257: 18252: 18247: 18242: 18237: 18232: 18227: 18222: 18216: 18214: 18208: 18207: 18199: 18196: 18195: 18184: 18183: 18176: 18169: 18161: 18152: 18151: 18149: 18148: 18143: 18136: 18135: 18128: 18120: 18119: 18116: 18115: 18112: 18111: 18109: 18108: 18103: 18098: 18093: 18088: 18083: 18078: 18073: 18071:Colloquialisms 18068: 18063: 18058: 18053: 18048: 18042: 18040: 18034: 18033: 18031: 18030: 18025: 18020: 18015: 18010: 18005: 18000: 17995: 17990: 17984: 17978: 17972: 17971: 17968: 17967: 17965: 17964: 17959: 17954: 17949: 17944: 17939: 17934: 17929: 17924: 17916: 17910: 17904: 17898: 17897: 17894: 17893: 17891: 17890: 17885: 17880: 17875: 17874: 17873: 17863: 17858: 17853: 17848: 17843: 17838: 17833: 17828: 17823: 17818: 17809: 17803: 17797: 17796: 17793: 17792: 17789: 17788: 17786: 17785: 17777: 17769: 17761: 17753: 17748: 17743: 17735: 17729: 17727: 17721: 17720: 17718: 17717: 17712: 17707: 17706: 17705: 17695: 17689: 17683: 17677: 17676: 17674: 17673: 17667: 17661: 17657: 17656: 17653: 17652: 17650: 17649: 17648: 17647: 17642: 17637: 17627: 17622: 17621: 17620: 17615: 17610: 17603:Municipalities 17600: 17599: 17598: 17593: 17588: 17586:Isla de Cabras 17583: 17578: 17568: 17567: 17566: 17561: 17556: 17546: 17545: 17544: 17539: 17534: 17524: 17523: 17522: 17517: 17512: 17510:Bahía de Ponce 17504: 17498: 17492: 17486: 17485: 17482: 17481: 17479: 17478: 17473: 17468: 17463: 17458: 17453: 17448: 17442: 17440: 17434: 17433: 17431: 17430: 17425: 17420: 17415: 17410: 17405: 17400: 17395: 17390: 17385: 17380: 17375: 17370: 17368:Grito de Lares 17365: 17359: 17357: 17350: 17344: 17343: 17332: 17331: 17324: 17317: 17309: 17303: 17302: 17284: 17281: 17280: 17279: 17267: 17239: 17236: 17235: 17234: 17219: 17207: 17204: 17203: 17202: 17193: 17169: 17155: 17143: 17138: 17137: 17136: 17131: 17122: 17099: 17098:External links 17096: 17093: 17092: 17065: 17031: 17005: 16978: 16967:on 14 May 2011 16947: 16921: 16895: 16873: 16851: 16837: 16823: 16809: 16800: 16789:San Juan Issue 16781: 16761: 16742: 16727: 16709: 16694: 16676: 16654: 16629: 16607: 16600: 16580: 16553: 16530: 16507: 16481: 16468: 16456: 16419: 16389: 16376:"CIA FactBook" 16367: 16350: 16324: 16298: 16286: 16256: 16226: 16215:on 7 July 2020 16196: 16170: 16144: 16113: 16087: 16061: 16030: 16001: 15984:"Korber House" 15975: 15952: 15930: 15904: 15886: 15864: 15838: 15807: 15777: 15747: 15712: 15679: 15649: 15627: 15601: 15588: 15562: 15533: 15510: 15484: 15458: 15428: 15407: 15396:on 24 May 2017 15381: 15367: 15357: 15344: 15312: 15286: 15256: 15229: 15214:. 5 May 2015. 15199: 15172: 15153: 15142:on 25 May 2017 15121: 15091: 15061: 15028: 14998: 14979: 14973:. Arno Press. 14955: 14936: 14916: 14885: 14855: 14840:(data table). 14824: 14798: 14747: 14721: 14693: 14668: 14642: 14638:World Factbook 14626: 14610: 14578: 14567:on 17 May 2021 14548: 14533:(in Spanish). 14515: 14500:(in Spanish). 14482: 14446: 14424: 14395: 14362: 14341: 14308: 14275: 14239: 14213: 14187: 14160: 14137: 14115: 14089: 14070: 14044: 14028: 13995: 13960: 13949:on 25 May 2017 13924: 13913:on 25 May 2017 13888: 13858: 13822: 13790: 13757: 13724: 13693: 13678: 13643: 13609: 13576: 13547: 13516: 13490: 13461: 13431: 13398: 13361: 13334: 13301: 13268: 13232: 13199: 13166: 13154:Robert Summers 13142: 13139: 13138: 13057: 13008: 12988:10.1890/110198 12952: 12916:Annual Reviews 12900: 12862:Annual Reviews 12842: 12767: 12705: 12659: 12643: 12613: 12602:on 25 May 2017 12577: 12547: 12521: 12496: 12470: 12443: 12417: 12390: 12364: 12334: 12313: 12295: 12288: 12270: 12239: 12230: 12211:Danny Nieves. 12203: 12172: 12170:; Boston; 1993 12156: 12146: 12114: 12084: 12072:New York Times 12056: 12037:(in Spanish). 12026: 11994: 11974:Legal Document 11954: 11943:on 11 May 2011 11928: 11907: 11874: 11865: 11826: 11815:on 15 May 2011 11794: 11767: 11734: 11708: 11682: 11656: 11644: 11628: 11619: 11586: 11560: 11534: 11501: 11469: 11437: 11418: 11386: 11360: 11328: 11297: 11267: 11215: 11209: 11191: 11153: 11144: 11110: 11074: 11044: 11018: 10979:(6): 534–545. 10959: 10934: 10925:, p. 104. 10915: 10906:, p. 106. 10896: 10849: 10834: 10809: 10778: 10748: 10718: 10692: 10662: 10635: 10605: 10575: 10555: 10514: 10473: 10443: 10410: 10373: 10347: 10317: 10300: 10282: 10265: 10247: 10221: 10190: 10160: 10134: 10108: 10078: 10052: 10023: 9993: 9974: 9955: 9928: 9894: 9873:(22): 81–106. 9853: 9827: 9797: 9767: 9740: 9719: 9698: 9672: 9637: 9619: 9616:. 3 June 2015. 9601: 9588: 9571: 9556:. Henry Holt. 9542: 9525: 9506: 9486: 9467: 9443: 9418: 9399: 9371: 9341: 9307: 9281: 9263: 9241: 9221: 9204: 9187: 9162: 9139: 9132: 9114: 9095:(in Spanish). 9079: 9050: 9033:Elnuevodia.com 9029:"El Nuevo Día" 9020: 8988: 8956: 8934: 8904: 8885: 8872: 8846: 8839: 8819: 8812: 8792: 8785: 8767: 8752: 8732: 8706: 8689: 8656: 8617: 8610: 8590: 8579:on 25 May 2017 8552: 8530: 8493: 8452: 8422: 8396: 8371: 8346: 8318: 8293: 8267: 8242: 8217: 8191: 8165: 8130: 8100: 8067: 8038: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8029: 8028: 8019: 8010: 8001: 7991: 7982: 7973: 7963: 7953: 7943: 7934: 7925: 7916: 7906: 7896: 7886: 7877: 7829:Ortega v. Lara 7820: 7759: 7743: 7730: 7710: 7708: 7707: 7692: 7672: 7570: 7549: 7541:Cerro de Punta 7533: 7527:in their song 7505:nautical miles 7492: 7462: 7438:Bobby Valentín 7409: 7393:puertorriqueño 7380: 7352: 7334: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7327: 7326: 7321: 7315: 7310: 7303: 7300: 7139:Goodwill Games 7116:Félix Trinidad 7084:Wilfredo Gómez 7066:Roberto Alomar 7062:Orlando Cepeda 7055:Hall of Famers 7016:Montreal Expos 6978:Main article: 6975: 6972: 6967:dulce de leche 6853:Main article: 6850: 6847: 6811:Main article: 6808: 6805: 6696:Main article: 6693: 6690: 6539:radio stations 6527:Main article: 6524: 6521: 6507:Rosario Ferrer 6450:in 1894 wrote 6428:historiography 6392:Rafael Cordero 6356:Main article: 6353: 6350: 6320:Also popular, 6266:Main article: 6263: 6260: 6090:Main article: 6087: 6084: 6009:Main article: 6006: 6003: 5960: 5957: 5883:Latin language 5861:Main article: 5858: 5855: 5775:Sha'are Zedeck 5628:Spanish Empire 5603:municipalities 5568: 5562: 5552: 5542: 5538: 5537: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5468: 5465: 5346: 5345: 5344:0.8% (25,561) 5342: 5339: 5336: 5333: 5330: 5327: 5323: 5322: 5321:0.6% (22,355) 5319: 5316: 5313: 5310: 5307: 5304: 5300: 5299: 5298:0.4% (14,429) 5296: 5293: 5290: 5287: 5284: 5281: 5277: 5276: 5273: 5270: 5267: 5264: 5261: 5258: 5254: 5253: 5252:Racial groups 5246: 5243: 5238: 5235: 5231:United Nations 5222: 5219: 5148:Canary Islands 5083: 5082: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5070: 5069: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5055: 5054: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5040: 5039: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5025: 5024: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5010: 5009: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4995: 4994: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4980: 4979: 4977: 4975: 4971: 4970: 4964: 4963: 4958:Main article: 4955: 4952: 4948: 4947: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4930: 4929: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4912: 4911: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4894: 4893: 4890: 4885: 4880: 4876: 4875: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4858: 4857: 4854: 4849: 4844: 4840: 4839: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4822: 4821: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4804: 4803: 4800: 4795: 4790: 4786: 4785: 4764: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4748: 4726: 4725: 4723: 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4700: 4699: 4695: 4690: 4687: 4684: 4679: 4635:Main article: 4632: 4629: 4601: 4600: 4596: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4587: 4581: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4566: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4551: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4536: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4521: 4520: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4506: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4491: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4476: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4467: 4461: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4446: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4431: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4416: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4401: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4386: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4371: 4370: 4365: 4360: 4355: 4345: 4342: 4310:Main article: 4307: 4304: 4271:Main article: 4268: 4265: 4195:Main article: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4053:Main article: 4050: 4049:Transportation 4047: 4043:1920 Jones Act 4010:Western Europe 3967:cost of living 3950: 3949:Cost of living 3947: 3856: 3853: 3820: 3817: 3797:Main article: 3783: 3780: 3768:transportation 3703:Puerto Rico's 3689:tax exemptions 3673:foreign policy 3533: 3530: 3506: 3503: 3451:. Because the 3423: 3420: 3415:National Guard 3185:, and its own 3183:National Guard 3155:Main article: 3152: 3149: 3019:Main article: 3016: 3013: 2981:municipalities 2969:Main article: 2958: 2955: 2824:plenary powers 2805:United Nations 2801:ongoing debate 2786: 2783: 2703:Main article: 2700: 2697: 2522:American model 2503: 2500: 2491:dinoflagellate 2398:Northern Karst 2268: 2265: 2243:sea level rise 2224:Climate change 2221: 2213: 2211: 2210:Climate change 2208: 2180:Hurricane Jose 2175:Hurricane Irma 2143: 2140: 2120:Atlantic Ocean 2076:Main article: 2073: 2070: 2058:Milwaukee Deep 1980:Sierra Bermeja 1962:. Most of the 1899:Cerro de Punta 1836:Isla de Cabras 1773: 1770: 1721: 1718: 1680:Ortega v. Lara 1575:Main article: 1571: 1570: 1564:September 2024 1550: 1548: 1537: 1534: 1413: 1410: 1398:petrochemicals 1269:Spanish Empire 1261:Canary Islands 1253:African slaves 1231:following the 1144:, between the 1116:self-governing 1091: 1090: 1085: 1079: 1078: 1076: 1075: 1070: 1064: 1062: 1056: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1042: 1041: 1036: 1030: 1029: 1026: 1020: 1019: 1014: 1010: 1009: 999: 993: 992: 982: 978: 977: 964: 954: 953: 944: 934: 933: 928:$ 37,093 ( 921: 918: 915: 914: 902: 899: 896: 895: 892: 882: 881: 876:$ 41,682 ( 869: 866: 863: 862: 850: 847: 844: 843: 840: 826: 825: 818: 816:• Density 815: 812: 811: 808: 805: 802: 801: 794: 791: 788: 787: 781: 780: 777: 773: 772: 769: 766: 763: 762: 759: 756: 753: 752: 748: 747: 744: 741: 738: 737: 734: 731: 728: 727: 724: 721: 718: 717: 714: 711: 708: 707: 701: 700: 686: 680: 677: 676: 670: 669: 664: 658: 657: 652: 646: 643: 642: 637: 631: 628: 627: 622: 618: 617: 614: 613: 608: 602: 599: 598: 595: 589: 586: 585: 575: 569: 566: 565: 551: 545: 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20507: 20497: 20495: 20494:United States 20485: 20483: 20473: 20472: 20469: 20456: 20448: 20446: 20438: 20437: 20434: 20427: 20424: 20421: 20418: 20415: 20414:Palmyra Atoll 20412: 20409: 20406: 20403: 20400: 20397: 20394: 20391: 20388: 20385: 20382: 20379: 20376: 20373: 20370: 20367: 20366:Jarvis Island 20364: 20361: 20358: 20355: 20352: 20349: 20348:Roncador Bank 20346: 20343: 20340: 20339: 20336: 20330: 20326: 20323: 20322: 20319: 20312: 20309: 20306: 20303: 20300: 20297: 20294: 20291: 20288: 20287:Bonin Islands 20285: 20280: 20277: 20274: 20271: 20270: 20269: 20266: 20265: 20262: 20256: 20255:United States 20252: 20249: 20248: 20245: 20238: 20235: 20232: 20229: 20226: 20223: 20220: 20217: 20212: 20209: 20206: 20203: 20200: 20197: 20196: 20194: 20189: 20186: 20183: 20180: 20177: 20174: 20173: 20172: 20169: 20166: 20163: 20162: 20159: 20153: 20150: 20149: 20146: 20139: 20136: 20133: 20130: 20125: 20122: 20119: 20116: 20113: 20110: 20109: 20107: 20104: 20101: 20098: 20095: 20092: 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19679: 19676: 19674: 19671: 19669: 19668:West Virginia 19666: 19664: 19661: 19659: 19656: 19654: 19651: 19649: 19646: 19644: 19641: 19639: 19636: 19634: 19631: 19629: 19626: 19624: 19621: 19619: 19616: 19614: 19611: 19609: 19606: 19604: 19601: 19599: 19596: 19594: 19591: 19589: 19586: 19584: 19581: 19579: 19576: 19574: 19573:New Hampshire 19571: 19569: 19566: 19564: 19561: 19559: 19556: 19554: 19551: 19549: 19546: 19544: 19541: 19539: 19536: 19534: 19533:Massachusetts 19531: 19529: 19526: 19524: 19521: 19519: 19516: 19514: 19511: 19509: 19506: 19504: 19501: 19499: 19496: 19494: 19491: 19489: 19486: 19484: 19481: 19479: 19476: 19474: 19471: 19469: 19466: 19464: 19461: 19459: 19456: 19454: 19451: 19449: 19446: 19444: 19441: 19439: 19436: 19434: 19431: 19430: 19428: 19424: 19420: 19415: 19406: 19401: 19399: 19394: 19392: 19387: 19386: 19383: 19369: 19368: 19355: 19349: 19346: 19344: 19341: 19340: 19338: 19336:United States 19334: 19328: 19325: 19323: 19320: 19318: 19315: 19313: 19310: 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18909: 18906: 18904: 18901: 18900: 18899: 18896: 18892: 18889: 18888: 18887: 18884: 18880: 18877: 18875: 18872: 18871: 18870: 18867: 18863: 18860: 18859: 18858: 18855: 18853: 18850: 18848: 18845: 18844: 18842: 18840: 18836: 18830: 18827: 18825: 18822: 18820: 18817: 18815: 18812: 18810: 18807: 18805: 18802: 18800: 18797: 18795: 18792: 18790: 18787: 18785: 18782: 18780: 18777: 18776: 18774: 18772: 18768: 18762: 18759: 18757: 18754: 18752: 18749: 18747: 18744: 18742: 18739: 18737: 18734: 18732: 18731:Isla del Frío 18729: 18727: 18724: 18722: 18719: 18717: 18714: 18712: 18709: 18707: 18704: 18702: 18699: 18697: 18694: 18692: 18689: 18687: 18684: 18682: 18679: 18677: 18674: 18673: 18671: 18669: 18665: 18659: 18656: 18654: 18651: 18649: 18646: 18644: 18641: 18639: 18636: 18634: 18631: 18629: 18626: 18624: 18623:Trujillo Alto 18621: 18619: 18616: 18614: 18611: 18609: 18606: 18604: 18603:San Sebastián 18601: 18599: 18596: 18594: 18591: 18589: 18586: 18584: 18581: 18579: 18578:Sabana Grande 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17813:Commonwealth 17811: 17810: 17807: 17804: 17802: 17798: 17784: 17778: 17776: 17770: 17768: 17762: 17760: 17754: 17752: 17749: 17747: 17744: 17742: 17738:Golden coquí 17736: 17734: 17731: 17730: 17728: 17726: 17722: 17716: 17713: 17711: 17708: 17704: 17701: 17700: 17699: 17696: 17694: 17691: 17690: 17687: 17684: 17682: 17678: 17672: 17671:Endemic flora 17669: 17668: 17665: 17662: 17658: 17646: 17643: 17641: 17638: 17636: 17633: 17632: 17631: 17628: 17626: 17623: 17619: 17616: 17614: 17611: 17609: 17606: 17605: 17604: 17601: 17597: 17594: 17592: 17589: 17587: 17584: 17582: 17579: 17577: 17574: 17573: 17572: 17569: 17565: 17562: 17560: 17557: 17555: 17552: 17551: 17550: 17547: 17543: 17540: 17538: 17535: 17533: 17530: 17529: 17528: 17525: 17521: 17518: 17516: 17513: 17511: 17508: 17507: 17505: 17503: 17500: 17499: 17496: 17493: 17491: 17487: 17477: 17474: 17472: 17469: 17467: 17464: 17462: 17459: 17457: 17454: 17452: 17449: 17447: 17444: 17443: 17441: 17439: 17435: 17429: 17426: 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16774: 16771: 16765: 16758: 16754: 16751: 16746: 16738: 16734: 16730: 16724: 16720: 16713: 16705: 16701: 16697: 16691: 16687: 16680: 16664: 16658: 16650: 16648: 16643: 16639: 16638:José Campeche 16633: 16625: 16621: 16617: 16611: 16603: 16597: 16593: 16592: 16584: 16569:on 5 May 2022 16568: 16564: 16557: 16541: 16534: 16518: 16511: 16495: 16491: 16485: 16478: 16472: 16465: 16460: 16444: 16440: 16436: 16435: 16430: 16423: 16407: 16403: 16399: 16393: 16377: 16371: 16364: 16363:0-7876-0519-0 16360: 16354: 16338: 16334: 16328: 16312: 16308: 16302: 16295: 16290: 16274: 16270: 16266: 16260: 16244: 16240: 16236: 16230: 16214: 16210: 16206: 16200: 16185:on 5 May 2012 16184: 16180: 16174: 16158: 16154: 16148: 16127: 16123: 16117: 16101: 16097: 16091: 16075: 16071: 16070:"Luxner News" 16065: 16049: 16045: 16041: 16034: 16018: 16014: 16008: 16006: 15989: 15985: 15979: 15973: 15969: 15965: 15961: 15956: 15949: 15945: 15942: 15941: 15934: 15918: 15914: 15908: 15900: 15896: 15890: 15874: 15868: 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CIA. 2015. 15693: 15689: 15683: 15667: 15663: 15659: 15653: 15637: 15631: 15615: 15611: 15605: 15598: 15592: 15576: 15572: 15566: 15550: 15546: 15545: 15537: 15529: 15528: 15522: 15514: 15498: 15494: 15488: 15472: 15468: 15462: 15446: 15442: 15438: 15432: 15425: 15421: 15418: 15417: 15411: 15395: 15391: 15385: 15378: 15377: 15371: 15361: 15354: 15348: 15332: 15328: 15327: 15322: 15316: 15301: 15297: 15290: 15274: 15270: 15266: 15260: 15244: 15240: 15233: 15217: 15213: 15209: 15203: 15187: 15183: 15176: 15169: 15165: 15162: 15157: 15138: 15131: 15125: 15109: 15105: 15101: 15095: 15079: 15075: 15071: 15065: 15049: 15045: 15041: 15035: 15033: 15016: 15012: 15008: 15007:"Puerto Rico" 15002: 14986: 14982: 14976: 14972: 14971: 14966: 14959: 14943: 14939: 14933: 14929: 14928: 14920: 14904: 14900: 14896: 14889: 14873: 14869: 14865: 14859: 14843: 14839: 14835: 14828: 14812: 14808: 14802: 14794: 14782: 14766: 14762: 14758: 14751: 14735: 14731: 14725: 14710: 14709: 14704: 14697: 14682: 14678: 14672: 14656: 14652: 14646: 14639: 14635: 14630: 14623: 14619: 14614: 14599: 14592: 14588: 14582: 14566: 14562: 14558: 14552: 14536: 14532: 14531: 14526: 14519: 14503: 14499: 14498: 14493: 14486: 14467: 14463: 14456: 14450: 14434: 14428: 14412: 14408: 14402: 14400: 14380: 14373: 14366: 14359:. March 2013. 14358: 14351: 14345: 14329: 14328: 14323: 14317: 14315: 14313: 14296: 14292: 14291: 14286: 14279: 14260: 14253: 14246: 14244: 14228:. August 2011 14227: 14223: 14222:"Puerto Rico" 14217: 14201: 14197: 14191: 14175: 14171: 14164: 14148: 14141: 14125: 14119: 14103: 14099: 14093: 14085: 14081: 14074: 14058: 14054: 14048: 14041: 14037: 14032: 14016: 14012: 14008: 14002: 14000: 13983: 13979: 13978: 13972: 13964: 13945: 13941: 13934: 13928: 13909: 13905: 13898: 13892: 13876: 13872: 13868: 13862: 13843: 13839: 13832: 13826: 13810: 13806: 13805: 13800: 13794: 13778: 13774: 13773: 13768: 13761: 13745: 13741: 13740: 13735: 13728: 13712: 13708: 13704: 13697: 13689: 13682: 13675: 13662: 13658: 13654: 13647: 13631: 13627: 13623: 13616: 13614: 13596: 13591: 13587: 13580: 13564: 13560: 13554: 13552: 13535: 13531: 13527: 13520: 13504: 13500: 13494: 13487: 13475: 13471: 13465: 13458: 13445: 13441: 13435: 13419: 13415: 13414: 13409: 13402: 13383: 13379: 13372: 13365: 13349: 13345: 13338: 13322: 13318: 13317: 13312: 13305: 13289: 13285: 13284: 13279: 13272: 13256: 13252: 13251: 13246: 13239: 13237: 13220: 13216: 13215: 13210: 13203: 13187: 13183: 13182: 13177: 13170: 13163: 13159: 13155: 13151: 13146: 13127: 13123: 13119: 13115: 13111: 13107: 13103: 13099: 13095: 13091: 13087: 13083: 13079: 13075: 13071: 13070: 13065: 13058: 13054: 13050: 13046: 13042: 13038: 13034: 13030: 13026: 13022: 13018: 13017: 13009: 13005: 13001: 12997: 12993: 12989: 12985: 12981: 12977: 12973: 12969: 12965: 12961: 12960: 12953: 12949: 12945: 12941: 12937: 12933: 12929: 12925: 12921: 12917: 12913: 12909: 12908: 12901: 12897: 12893: 12889: 12885: 12881: 12877: 12872: 12867: 12863: 12859: 12855: 12854: 12849: 12843: 12839: 12835: 12831: 12827: 12822: 12817: 12813: 12809: 12805: 12801: 12797: 12793: 12789: 12785: 12781: 12780: 12775: 12768: 12764: 12760: 12756: 12752: 12747: 12742: 12738: 12734: 12730: 12726: 12722: 12718: 12717: 12712: 12706: 12702: 12698: 12694: 12690: 12686: 12682: 12678: 12674: 12670: 12669: 12661: 12660: 12656: 12654: 12652: 12650: 12648: 12631: 12627: 12623: 12617: 12598: 12594: 12587: 12581: 12565: 12561: 12557: 12551: 12535: 12531: 12525: 12510: 12506: 12500: 12484: 12480: 12474: 12458: 12454: 12447: 12431: 12427: 12421: 12405: 12401: 12394: 12379: 12375: 12368: 12352: 12348: 12344: 12338: 12330: 12329: 12324: 12317: 12309: 12305: 12299: 12291: 12285: 12281: 12274: 12258: 12254: 12250: 12243: 12234: 12218: 12214: 12207: 12191: 12187: 12183: 12176: 12169: 12163: 12161: 12150: 12134: 12130: 12125: 12118: 12102: 12098: 12094: 12088: 12081: 12077: 12073: 12068: 12060: 12044: 12040: 12036: 12030: 12014: 12010: 12009: 12004: 11998: 11979: 11975: 11968: 11961: 11959: 11942: 11938: 11932: 11925: 11921: 11918: 11917: 11911: 11895: 11891: 11884: 11878: 11869: 11850: 11843: 11841: 11833: 11831: 11811: 11804: 11798: 11782: 11778: 11771: 11755: 11751: 11747: 11741: 11739: 11722: 11718: 11712: 11696: 11692: 11686: 11670: 11666: 11660: 11653: 11648: 11641: 11637: 11632: 11623: 11604: 11597: 11590: 11574: 11570: 11564: 11548: 11544: 11538: 11522: 11518: 11516: 11513:"Consulados. 11508: 11506: 11486: 11479: 11473: 11454: 11447: 11441: 11434: 11430: 11427: 11422: 11403: 11399: 11393: 11391: 11374: 11371:. State.gov. 11370: 11364: 11345: 11338: 11332: 11316: 11312: 11308: 11301: 11285: 11281: 11277: 11271: 11263: 11259: 11255: 11251: 11247: 11243: 11239: 11235: 11231: 11227: 11219: 11212: 11206: 11202: 11195: 11176: 11169: 11168: 11163: 11157: 11148: 11132: 11128: 11124: 11120: 11114: 11095: 11091: 11084: 11078: 11062: 11058: 11054: 11048: 11032: 11028: 11022: 11014: 11010: 11005: 11000: 10996: 10992: 10987: 10982: 10978: 10974: 10970: 10963: 10945: 10938: 10930: 10924: 10919: 10911: 10905: 10900: 10892: 10888: 10884: 10880: 10876: 10872: 10868: 10864: 10860: 10853: 10845: 10838: 10823: 10819: 10813: 10797: 10793: 10789: 10782: 10766: 10762: 10758: 10752: 10736: 10732: 10728: 10722: 10706: 10702: 10696: 10680: 10676: 10672: 10666: 10650: 10646: 10639: 10623: 10619: 10615: 10609: 10593: 10589: 10585: 10579: 10572: 10568: 10565: 10559: 10550: 10545: 10541: 10537: 10533: 10529: 10525: 10518: 10509: 10504: 10500: 10496: 10492: 10488: 10484: 10477: 10461: 10457: 10453: 10447: 10431: 10427: 10426: 10421: 10414: 10395: 10391: 10384: 10377: 10361: 10357: 10351: 10335: 10331: 10324: 10322: 10315: 10311: 10310: 10304: 10298: 10294: 10293: 10286: 10280: 10276: 10275: 10269: 10263: 10259: 10258: 10251: 10235: 10231: 10225: 10209: 10205: 10201: 10194: 10174: 10170: 10164: 10148: 10144: 10138: 10122: 10118: 10112: 10096: 10092: 10088: 10082: 10066: 10062: 10056: 10040: 10036: 10030: 10028: 10011: 10007: 10003: 9997: 9989: 9985: 9978: 9970: 9966: 9959: 9943: 9939: 9935: 9931: 9925: 9921: 9917: 9913: 9909: 9905: 9898: 9890: 9886: 9881: 9876: 9872: 9868: 9864: 9857: 9841: 9837: 9831: 9815: 9811: 9807: 9801: 9785: 9781: 9777: 9771: 9755: 9751: 9744: 9737: 9733: 9730: 9729: 9723: 9716: 9712: 9709: 9708: 9702: 9686: 9682: 9676: 9668: 9664: 9660: 9656: 9652: 9648: 9641: 9633: 9629: 9623: 9615: 9611: 9605: 9598: 9592: 9584: 9583: 9575: 9559: 9555: 9554: 9546: 9538: 9537: 9529: 9513: 9509: 9503: 9499: 9498: 9490: 9474: 9470: 9464: 9460: 9456: 9455: 9447: 9440: 9436: 9432: 9428: 9422: 9406: 9402: 9396: 9392: 9388: 9384: 9383: 9375: 9359: 9355: 9351: 9345: 9329: 9325: 9321: 9317: 9311: 9295: 9291: 9285: 9278: 9277: 9273:. offered in 9272: 9266: 9260: 9256: 9252: 9245: 9239: 9235: 9231: 9225: 9219: 9215: 9214: 9208: 9202: 9198: 9197: 9191: 9175: 9174: 9166: 9158: 9154: 9150: 9143: 9135: 9129: 9125: 9118: 9102: 9098: 9094: 9093:"Manufactura" 9088: 9086: 9084: 9067: 9063: 9057: 9055: 9038: 9034: 9030: 9024: 9005: 8998: 8992: 8985: 8984: 8979: 8974: 8970: 8967: 8966: 8960: 8953: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8938: 8931: 8927: 8924: 8920: 8916: 8913: 8908: 8901: 8897: 8894: 8889: 8882: 8876: 8860: 8856: 8850: 8842: 8836: 8832: 8831: 8823: 8815: 8809: 8805: 8804: 8796: 8788: 8782: 8778: 8771: 8763: 8759: 8755: 8749: 8745: 8744: 8736: 8720: 8716: 8715:"Puerto Rico" 8710: 8703: 8699: 8693: 8674: 8670: 8666: 8660: 8644: 8640: 8634: 8632: 8630: 8628: 8626: 8624: 8622: 8613: 8607: 8603: 8602: 8594: 8575: 8571: 8567: 8563: 8556: 8541:. August 2024 8540: 8534: 8518: 8514: 8510: 8504: 8502: 8500: 8498: 8478: 8474: 8467: 8461: 8459: 8457: 8440: 8436: 8432: 8426: 8410: 8406: 8400: 8385: 8384:Sea Around Us 8381: 8375: 8360: 8356: 8350: 8335: 8328: 8322: 8307: 8303: 8297: 8281: 8277: 8276:"Mona Island" 8271: 8256: 8252: 8246: 8231: 8227: 8221: 8205: 8201: 8195: 8179: 8175: 8169: 8153: 8149: 8148: 8143: 8137: 8135: 8118: 8114: 8110: 8104: 8088: 8084: 8080: 8074: 8072: 8055: 8054: 8049: 8043: 8039: 8023: 8014: 8005: 7995: 7986: 7977: 7967: 7961:poblacional." 7957: 7947: 7938: 7929: 7920: 7910: 7900: 7890: 7881: 7872: 7863: 7854: 7845: 7838: 7834: 7830: 7824: 7817: 7816: 7811: 7807: 7806: 7801: 7797: 7793: 7789: 7785: 7781: 7777: 7773: 7772:Anglicization 7769: 7768:U.S. Congress 7766:In 1932, the 7763: 7755: 7747: 7740: 7734: 7720: 7714: 7705: 7700: 7696: 7693: 7689: 7680: 7673: 7670: 7669: 7652: 7579: 7578: 7574: 7567: 7563: 7559: 7553: 7546: 7542: 7537: 7530: 7526: 7522: 7518: 7514: 7510: 7506: 7502: 7501:statute miles 7496: 7489: 7485: 7480: 7476: 7472: 7466: 7459: 7455: 7451: 7447: 7446:Andy Montañez 7443: 7439: 7435: 7431: 7427: 7426:spontaneously 7423: 7419: 7413: 7406: 7402: 7398: 7394: 7390: 7384: 7377: 7376: 7371: 7368:according to 7367: 7366: 7359: 7357: 7349: 7348:Insular Cases 7345: 7339: 7335: 7325: 7322: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7309: 7306: 7305: 7299: 7297: 7293: 7289: 7284: 7282: 7278: 7274: 7270: 7266: 7262: 7258: 7254: 7250: 7246: 7241: 7239: 7235: 7231: 7227: 7223: 7219: 7214: 7212: 7208: 7204: 7200: 7196: 7191: 7189: 7185: 7181: 7177: 7170: 7166: 7162: 7160: 7156: 7153:organized in 7152: 7148: 7144: 7143:United States 7140: 7137:and the 1994 7136: 7132: 7128: 7123: 7121: 7117: 7113: 7109: 7105: 7101: 7100:Nelson Dieppa 7097: 7093: 7089: 7085: 7081: 7077: 7073: 7069: 7067: 7063: 7059: 7056: 7052: 7048: 7045:, San Juan's 7040: 7036: 7032: 7028: 7023: 7021: 7017: 7013: 7009: 7005: 6998: 6994: 6990: 6986: 6981: 6971: 6969: 6968: 6963: 6962: 6957: 6956: 6951: 6950: 6949:brazo gitanos 6945: 6944: 6939: 6935: 6931: 6930: 6925: 6924: 6919: 6915: 6911: 6910: 6905: 6904: 6899: 6898: 6893: 6889: 6885: 6881: 6877: 6873: 6865: 6861: 6856: 6846: 6844: 6840: 6836: 6832: 6824: 6819: 6814: 6804: 6802: 6798: 6794: 6793: 6788: 6784: 6780: 6779:Antonio Paoli 6776: 6771: 6769: 6765: 6761: 6756: 6754: 6749: 6747: 6743: 6739: 6735: 6731: 6727: 6719:choreography. 6718: 6717: 6699: 6689: 6687: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6668: 6667: 6661: 6656: 6655: 6648: 6647: 6640: 6639: 6632: 6631: 6624: 6623: 6616: 6613: 6607: 6601: 6595: 6594: 6587: 6586: 6579: 6578: 6571: 6570: 6563: 6562: 6556: 6552: 6548: 6544: 6540: 6536: 6530: 6520: 6519: 6517: 6512: 6508: 6504: 6500: 6496: 6492: 6488: 6484: 6483:Miguel Piñero 6480: 6479:Omaha Bigelow 6476: 6472: 6467: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6445: 6441: 6437: 6433: 6429: 6425: 6419: 6417: 6412: 6407: 6402: 6397: 6393: 6388: 6385: 6380: 6375: 6368: 6364: 6359: 6349: 6347: 6343: 6339: 6335: 6331: 6327: 6323: 6318: 6316: 6311: 6307: 6303: 6299: 6295: 6291: 6283: 6279: 6278:José Campeche 6274: 6269: 6259: 6257: 6253: 6249: 6245: 6244:Caribbean Sea 6241: 6237: 6233: 6226: 6222: 6218: 6214: 6212: 6208: 6204: 6200: 6196: 6191: 6189: 6185: 6181: 6177: 6173: 6169: 6165: 6161: 6156: 6154: 6150: 6146: 6141: 6137: 6133: 6129: 6122: 6117: 6113: 6111: 6107: 6103: 6102:Ibero-Islamic 6099: 6093: 6083: 6081: 6077: 6073: 6069: 6065: 6061: 6057: 6053: 6048: 6044: 6042: 6037: 6032: 6030: 6026: 6022: 6018: 6012: 6002: 6000: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5981: 5976: 5970: 5965: 5956: 5954: 5948: 5940: 5934: 5930: 5924: 5918: 5912: 5904: 5898: 5893: 5890: 5886: 5884: 5880: 5876: 5871: 5864: 5854: 5852: 5848: 5844: 5840: 5836: 5832: 5828: 5824: 5820: 5816: 5812: 5808: 5804: 5800: 5796: 5792: 5788: 5784: 5780: 5776: 5772: 5768: 5767:American Jews 5764: 5760: 5756: 5752: 5748: 5743: 5739: 5735: 5731: 5727: 5723: 5719: 5715: 5711: 5707: 5704: 5700: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5684: 5676: 5672: 5668: 5665: 5660: 5658: 5652: 5650: 5646: 5639: 5635: 5633: 5629: 5625: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5613:Protestantism 5610: 5608: 5604: 5600: 5596: 5592: 5588: 5584: 5575: 5559: 5558:Protestantism 5549: 5541: 5530: 5528: 5524: 5520: 5516: 5512: 5507: 5505: 5501: 5495: 5492: 5489: 5484: 5478: 5474: 5464: 5462: 5457: 5455: 5450: 5448: 5444: 5440: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5424: 5420: 5417: 5413: 5409: 5405: 5401: 5397: 5393: 5389: 5385: 5381: 5377: 5373: 5369: 5365: 5361: 5357: 5353: 5352:Latin America 5343: 5341:0.2% (6,390) 5340: 5337: 5334: 5331: 5328: 5325: 5324: 5320: 5318:0.2% (7,452) 5317: 5314: 5311: 5308: 5305: 5302: 5301: 5297: 5295:0.2% (7,960) 5294: 5291: 5288: 5285: 5282: 5279: 5278: 5274: 5271: 5268: 5265: 5262: 5259: 5256: 5255: 5250: 5242: 5234: 5232: 5228: 5218: 5216: 5211: 5209: 5205: 5201: 5197: 5193: 5189: 5185: 5181: 5177: 5173: 5169: 5165: 5161: 5157: 5153: 5149: 5141: 5137: 5133: 5131: 5127: 5123: 5118: 5113: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5098: 5096: 5092: 5075: 5071: 5062: 5060: 5056: 5047: 5045: 5041: 5032: 5030: 5026: 5017: 5015: 5011: 5002: 5000: 4996: 4987: 4985: 4981: 4976: 4972: 4967: 4961: 4960:Puerto Ricans 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4937:Trujillo Alto 4935: 4932: 4931: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4914: 4913: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4896: 4895: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4878: 4877: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4860: 4859: 4855: 4853: 4850: 4848: 4845: 4842: 4841: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4824: 4823: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4806: 4805: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4794: 4791: 4788: 4787: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4769: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4755: 4752: 4749: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4724: 4722: 4719: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4701: 4682: 4678: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4660: 4656: 4652: 4648: 4644: 4638: 4628: 4626: 4622: 4618: 4612: 4608: 4597: 4593: 4591: 4588: 4586: 4582: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4571: 4567: 4563: 4561: 4558: 4556: 4552: 4548: 4546: 4543: 4541: 4537: 4533: 4531: 4528: 4526: 4522: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4492: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4447: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4432: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4387: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4372: 4352: 4341: 4339: 4335: 4331: 4327: 4323: 4319: 4313: 4303: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4291:water quality 4288: 4284: 4280: 4274: 4264: 4262: 4261:union members 4257: 4252: 4246: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4216: 4212: 4208: 4204: 4198: 4183: 4181: 4173: 4168: 4167:San Juan Port 4164: 4155: 4154: 4147: 4143: 4141: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4125: 4120: 4118: 4113: 4107: 4106: 4100: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4084: 4080: 4076: 4072: 4065: 4061: 4056: 4046: 4044: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4028: 4027:U.S. Congress 4024: 4020: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4006:South America 4003: 3999: 3995: 3991: 3982: 3978: 3974: 3970: 3968: 3960: 3957:A map of the 3955: 3946: 3944: 3938: 3936: 3932: 3928: 3922: 3918: 3916: 3912: 3908: 3903: 3900: 3896: 3895:a public debt 3887: 3883: 3881: 3876: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3852: 3848: 3846: 3841: 3837: 3832: 3828: 3826: 3816: 3812: 3809: 3805: 3800: 3793: 3788: 3779: 3777: 3773: 3769: 3765: 3761: 3757: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3741: 3737: 3732: 3730: 3726: 3722: 3719:; as well as 3718: 3710: 3706: 3701: 3697: 3695: 3690: 3686: 3680: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3640: 3639:South America 3636: 3632: 3631:interceptions 3628: 3624: 3620: 3615: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3592:manufacturing 3589: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3572:Latin America 3569: 3565: 3561: 3553: 3548: 3543: 3539: 3529: 3526: 3521: 3516: 3512: 3502: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3483:chief justice 3479: 3477: 3473: 3472:statutory law 3469: 3464: 3460: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3445: 3443: 3439: 3433: 3429: 3419: 3416: 3411: 3409: 3405: 3404:War on Terror 3401: 3397: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3348: 3345: 3344:U.S. Congress 3340: 3335: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3324:Fort Buchanan 3322:, the Army's 3321: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3308:Camp Santiago 3305: 3301: 3297: 3289: 3285: 3281: 3278: 3276: 3271: 3267: 3265: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3248: 3246: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3228: 3226: 3222: 3218: 3214: 3213:José J. 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Retrieved 8051: 8042: 8022: 8013: 8004: 7994: 7985: 7976: 7966: 7956: 7946: 7937: 7928: 7919: 7909: 7899: 7889: 7880: 7828: 7823: 7813: 7803: 7802:was used by 7799: 7791: 7787: 7783: 7779: 7775: 7762: 7746: 7733: 7713: 7573: 7552: 7536: 7528: 7516: 7508: 7495: 7465: 7457: 7452:(2006), and 7449: 7441: 7440:in his song 7418:puertorro -a 7417: 7412: 7404: 7400: 7396: 7392: 7388: 7383: 7373: 7365:Commonwealth 7363: 7344:incorporated 7338: 7285: 7242: 7215: 7199:road running 7192: 7174: 7124: 7112:Miguel Cotto 7104:McJoe Arroyo 7096:José Pedraza 7070: 7024: 7002: 6965: 6959: 6953: 6947: 6941: 6938:rice pudding 6933: 6927: 6921: 6907: 6901: 6895: 6869: 6831:La Fortaleza 6828: 6801:Milan, Italy 6790: 6772: 6757: 6750: 6722: 6714: 6617: 6593:Primera Hora 6561:El Nuevo Día 6532: 6514: 6503:Yo-Yo Boing! 6468: 6439: 6431: 6420: 6389: 6371: 6345: 6342:papier-mâché 6337: 6325: 6321: 6319: 6309: 6305: 6302:Christianity 6293: 6287: 6234:is a unique 6232:Ponce Creole 6230: 6198: 6192: 6180:La Fortaleza 6176:La Fortaleza 6157: 6136:municipality 6127: 6125: 6121:Old San Juan 6095: 6086:Architecture 6072:Taíno Indian 6052:Flor de Maga 6049: 6045: 6033: 6014: 5995:impoverished 5977: 5974: 5894: 5891: 5887: 5875:Alonso Manso 5866: 5813:dedicated a 5779:Conservative 5774: 5763:Palo Mayombe 5736:founded the 5687: 5682: 5680: 5661: 5654: 5648: 5641: 5636: 5632:the Americas 5611: 5581: 5539: 5508: 5496: 5493: 5480: 5458: 5451: 5421: 5349: 5240: 5227:Pew Research 5224: 5212: 5203: 5145: 5122:free colored 5114: 5099: 5091:Puerto Rican 5088: 4673:) and west ( 4640: 4614: 4344:Demographics 4315: 4276: 4247: 4200: 4182:) per year. 4160: 4121: 4099:metro system 4068: 4032:In 2013 the 4031: 3987: 3975: 3971: 3964: 3939: 3923: 3919: 3904: 3892: 3872: 3849: 3833: 3829: 3822: 3813: 3802: 3736:poverty line 3733: 3713: 3681: 3655: 3616: 3557: 3522: 3518: 3480: 3461: 3446: 3435: 3412: 3396:World War II 3388:Puerto Rican 3383: 3349: 3336: 3293: 3283: 3274: 3249: 3229: 3208:, currently 3195: 3172: 3138: 3122: 3102: 3071: 3036: 3024: 2998: 2985: 2974: 2915: 2907: 2903: 2883: 2867: 2855: 2844: 2821: 2798: 2768: 2761: 2755: 2748: 2721: 2687:in 1692 and 2646: 2623: 2613:, currently 2608: 2598:, currently 2582:, currently 2574:, currently 2547:, currently 2542: 2515: 2493: 2456: 2449: 2443: 2437: 2406: 2387: 2381: 2375: 2362: 2340: 2334: 2320: 2316:Common coquí 2280: 2267:Biodiversity 2247: 2236: 2232:fossil fuels 2222: 2193: 2169:In the busy 2168: 2145: 2117: 2104:rainy season 2089: 2066:Mona Passage 2051: 2025:occurred on 1988: 1934: 1923: 1920:Map by USGIS 1892: 1872:Rhode Island 1864: 1848:Old San Juan 1844:San Juan Bay 1801: 1759: 1751: 1748:Barack Obama 1745: 1733: 1720:21st century 1714:Commonwealth 1699: 1679: 1661: 1657: 1637: 1630: 1611: 1561: 1557:adding to it 1552: 1515: 1506: 1498: 1496: 1477: 1415: 1363: 1301: 1241:colonization 1239:in 1493 and 1214: 1134:commonwealth 1111: 1107: 1097: 1094: 1083:Internet TLD 1034:Calling code 1024:Driving side 900:• Total 848:• Total 767:• Width 732:• Water 712:• Total 509:presidential 494:puertorro -a 493: 490:borincano -a 489: 485: 468:Puerto Rican 443: 403: 366:5.5% English 351:Largest city 305:25 July 1952 203: 167: 139: 116:Coat of arms 46: 29: 20693:Puerto Rico 20666:18.2; -66.5 20664: / 20526:Puerto Rico 20482:Puerto Rico 20428:(1914–1971) 20420:Wake Island 20410:(1869–1981) 20392:(1863–1972) 20356:(1856–1981) 20350:(1856–1981) 20344:(1856–1979) 20313:(1860–1901) 20307:(1848–1863) 20301:(1947–1994) 20295:(1945–1968) 20289:(1945–1968) 20227:(1903–1979) 20171:Philippines 20140:(1900–1959) 20134:(1868–1890) 20105:(1864–1889) 20099:(1863–1912) 20093:(1863–1890) 20087:(1861–1889) 20081:(1861–1876) 20075:(1861–1864) 20069:(1854–1867) 20063:(1854–1861) 20057:(1853–1889) 20051:(1850–1896) 20035:Provisional 20031:New Mexico 20028:(1849–1858) 20022:(1848–1859) 20016:(1838–1846) 20010:(1836–1848) 19981:(1822–1845) 19975:(1819–1836) 19969:(1817–1819) 19963:(1809–1818) 19957:(1805–1837) 19951:(1805–1821) 19941:(1804–1812) 19935:(1800–1816) 19929:(1798–1817) 19927:Mississippi 19923:(1790–1796) 19917:(1787–1803) 19882:Organic act 19788:Wake Island 19702:Territories 19548:Mississippi 19463:Connecticut 19343:Puerto Rico 19269:Netherlands 19097:Saint Lucia 19047:El Salvador 19007:The Bahamas 18814:Las Salinas 18756:Puerto Rico 18686:Cayo Icacos 18598:San Lorenzo 18488:Las Piedras 18443:Hormigueros 18313:Barceloneta 18192:Puerto Rico 18013:LGBT rights 17937:Real estate 17914:Agriculture 17826:Debt crisis 17554:Dry forests 17438:Immigration 17413:Vietnam War 17398:World War I 17378:Foraker Act 17336:Puerto Rico 17228:Puerto Rico 17196:Puerto Rico 17044:Rio2016.com 16651:. New York. 16307:"BuddhaNet" 16132:14 February 16054:18 February 15857:25 November 15770:21 February 15736:17 February 15702:17 February 15692:CIA Library 15672:17 February 15451:21 February 15279:12 February 15084:28 December 15054:18 February 14878:14 December 14817:29 November 14789:|last= 14771:29 November 14740:7 September 14334:6 September 14301:6 September 14268:6 September 14232:6 September 14021:6 September 13667:16 February 13659:. Reuters. 13636:16 February 13602:17 February 13569:16 February 13563:Star Herald 13540:16 February 13532:. Reuters. 13509:27 November 13450:27 November 13391:7 September 13150:Alan Heston 13084:): e02412. 12918:: 387–408. 12679:: 611–630. 12593:Gdb-pur.com 12570:12 December 12357:22 November 11411:13 December 11290:15 February 11162:Ewel, J. J. 10869:: 198–209. 10340:20 November 10071:30 December 10037:. Cia.gov. 10016:23 February 9948:10 December 9431:Puerto Rico 9391:181 note 76 9107:7 September 8682:13 December 8415:24 February 8389:24 February 8364:24 February 8339:24 February 8311:24 February 8286:24 February 8260:24 February 8235:24 February 8200:"puertorro" 8113:Agencia EFE 7810:Foraker Act 7788:Puerto Rico 7780:Puerto Rico 7442:Soy Boricua 7292:Monica Puig 7176:Puerto Rico 7129:joined the 6993:Puerto Rico 6929:piña colada 6825:of El Morro 6783:Pope Pius X 6491:Piri Thomas 6463:Insularismo 6238:created in 6140:Río Piedras 6110:post-modern 5843:Pastafarian 5837:, with the 5799:Río Piedras 5749:beliefs of 5645:Pentecostal 5583:Catholicism 5574:Irreligious 5433:and nearby 5073:Other races 4696:2020 Census 4647:2020 Census 4326:archipelago 4256:LUMA Energy 4191:Electricity 4176:1.5 million 4153:Tren Urbano 4105:Tren Urbano 4075:expressways 3819:Fiscal debt 3725:public debt 3647:cut flowers 3596:real estate 3392:World War I 3376:Afghanistan 3362:fought the 3237:Ft Buchanan 2991:U.S. Census 2851:enfranchise 2471:La Parguera 2347:, the only 2228:Germanwatch 2112:rain shadow 2100:trade winds 2062:Mona Canyon 2003:earthquakes 1974:years old ( 1972:190 million 1876:Connecticut 1752:H.R. 5278: 1664:Foraker Act 1606:departments 1604:Map of the 1392:(primarily 1333:, called a 1098:Puerto Rico 1013:Date format 722:• Land 649:Lower house 634:Upper house 621:Legislature 438:25.5% Other 410:Multiracial 338: / 140:Nickname(s) 56:Puerto Rico 18:Puerto Rica 20687:Categories 20670: ( 20582:Quotations 20112:Department 20055:Washington 19663:Washington 19583:New Mexico 19578:New Jersey 19453:California 19322:Montserrat 19255:St. Martin 19150:Martinique 19145:Guadeloupe 19027:Costa Rica 18869:Government 18751:Morrillito 18588:San Germán 18573:Río Grande 18483:Las Marías 18463:Juana Díaz 18423:Guayanilla 18086:Literature 17921:(currency) 17693:Amphibians 17532:Crash Boat 17356:Chronology 17118:Investment 17024:7 November 16971:16 October 16940:30 October 16914:30 October 16888:30 October 16866:30 October 16737:1142708953 16382:6 February 16317:6 February 16189:6 February 16163:30 October 16138:Retrieved 16106:30 October 16080:6 February 16023:6 February 15994:6 February 15923:6 February 15831:1 November 15800:1 November 15620:6 February 15581:6 February 15192:12 October 15146:17 January 15114:12 October 15104:Latino USA 15021:29 October 14848:5 November 14761:Census.gov 14417:6 February 13480:16 October 13424:22 January 13354:5 February 13327:2 December 13016:BioScience 12731:): 10–18. 12263:19 January 12139:31 October 11987:7 February 11947:30 October 11787:16 October 11701:30 October 11527:3 February 11494:30 October 11462:30 October 11280:WorldAtlas 11037:30 October 10973:BioScience 10802:28 January 10466:27 October 10045:30 October 9846:6 November 9790:6 November 9760:30 October 9632:Ensayistas 9479:18 October 9427:Porto Rico 9411:18 October 9213:Borincano. 9180:6 February 9013:17 January 8762:1245779085 8523:13 October 8210:19 January 8184:19 January 8123:7 February 8034:References 7871:OpenJurist 7784:Porto Rico 7776:Porto Rico 7525:Pedro Capó 7434:pejorative 7397:borinqueño 7259:, and the 7218:Streetball 7216:Organized 7157:, Greece. 7080:volleyball 7076:basketball 7043:March 2006 6961:polvorones 6638:La Opinión 6547:newspapers 6535:mass media 6487:Short Eyes 6352:Literature 6334:Christians 6326:vejigantes 6298:sculptures 6064:coquí frog 6060:kapok tree 5990:La Reforma 5943:, and the 5757:, and the 5710:San German 5423:Emigration 5414:and other 5412:Nuyoricans 5335:n/a (n/a) 5329:3,195,153 5306:3,725,789 5283:3,808,610 5260:Population 4295:management 4019:break bulk 3584:World Bank 3564:World Bank 3525:carjacking 3468:California 3442:common law 3402:, and the 3400:Korean War 3320:Juana Diaz 3316:Fort Allen 3063:consulates 3055:Costa Rica 2986:municipios 2873:, such as 2777:, and the 2673:San Germán 2638:U.S. state 2369:Toro Negro 2327:amphibians 2256:adaptation 2142:Hurricanes 2108:dry season 2094:is mostly 2027:11 October 2015:landslides 1958:and other 1956:carbonates 1937:Cretaceous 1888:Hispaniola 1766:as a State 1499:Porto Rico 1448:borinqueño 1434:indigenous 1355:a governor 1315:U.S. state 1305:have been 1281:indigenous 1210:government 1018:mm/dd/yyyy 1016:dd/mm/yyyy 785:Population 751:Dimensions 515:dependency 501:Government 463:Demonym(s) 444:By origin: 368:0.2% other 20743:New Spain 20506:Caribbean 20281:1950–1972 20275:1945–1950 20207:1900–1952 20201:1898–1900 20190:1935–1946 20184:1901–1935 20178:1898–1901 20126:1912–1959 20124:Territory 20120:1884–1912 20114:1867–1884 20043:1850–1912 20041:Territory 20037:1846–1850 20026:Minnesota 20008:Wisconsin 20002:1890–1907 20000:Territory 19996:1850–1890 19994:Panhandle 19990:1834–1907 19984:Oklahoma 19945:Louisiana 19921:Southwest 19915:Northwest 19673:Wisconsin 19638:Tennessee 19543:Minnesota 19518:Louisiana 19229:Greenland 19179:Venezuela 19082:Nicaragua 19057:Guatemala 18804:El Yunque 18771:Geography 18638:Vega Baja 18633:Vega Alta 18538:Naranjito 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15445:Archived 15420:Archived 15400:18 April 15337:20 April 15331:Archived 15273:Archived 15216:Archived 15186:Archived 15164:Archived 15108:Archived 15078:Archived 15048:Archived 15015:Archived 14985:Archived 14965:"Part 4" 14948:24 March 14942:Archived 14909:27 March 14903:Archived 14842:Archived 14811:Archived 14781:cite web 14765:Archived 14734:Archived 14622:BBC News 14535:Archived 14502:Archived 14180:14 April 14153:14 April 14130:14 April 14108:14 April 14063:14 April 14015:Archived 14013:. 2008. 13982:Archived 13940:".pr.gov 13904:".pr.gov 13881:28 April 13875:Archived 13777:Archived 13707:Cnbc.com 13661:Archived 13630:Archived 13534:Archived 13503:Archived 13474:Archived 13444:Archived 13382:Archived 13348:Archived 13126:Archived 13114:34255404 13053:28154739 13004:86218354 12948:11688227 12940:17877456 12888:24112110 12830:27549569 12701:23684940 12677:Springer 12636:27 April 12630:Archived 12564:Archived 12347:Laht.com 12257:Archived 12223:18 April 12217:Archived 12196:9 August 12190:Archived 12133:Archived 12101:Archived 12076:Archived 12043:Archived 11978:Archived 11920:Archived 11894:Archived 11781:Archived 11754:Archived 11721:Archived 11669:Archived 11603:Archived 11573:Archived 11553:21 April 11485:Archived 11453:Archived 11429:Archived 11373:Archived 11315:Archived 11262:85305359 11175:Archived 11131:Archived 11094:Archived 11067:30 March 11061:Archived 11013:28608869 10796:Archived 10765:Archived 10761:NBC News 10735:Archived 10705:Archived 10679:Archived 10675:NBC News 10649:Archived 10622:Archived 10588:ABC News 10567:Archived 10430:Archived 10394:Archived 10390:uncg.edu 10360:Archived 10334:Archived 10127:24 April 10121:Archived 10101:24 April 10095:Archived 10065:Archived 10039:Archived 10010:Archived 9971:(2): 88. 9942:Archived 9938:25358299 9840:Archived 9732:Archived 9711:Archived 9685:Archived 9661:: 7–24. 9558:Archived 9512:Archived 9473:Archived 9405:Archived 9358:Archived 9328:Archived 9300:14 April 9294:Archived 9196:Boricua. 9072:1 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