1429:
1590:
1451:'s chief engineer for field operations in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, examined the repair records for a number of refinery and chemical plants to obtain meaningful reliability data for centrifugal pumps. A total of 15 operating plants having nearly 15,000 pumps were included in the survey. The smallest of these plants had about 100 pumps; several plants had over 2000. All facilities were located in the United States. In addition, considered as "new", others as "renewed" and still others as "established". Many of these plants—but not all—had an alliance arrangement with John Crane. In some cases, the alliance contract included having a John Crane Inc. technician or engineer on-site to coordinate various aspects of the program.
1233:
763:
1225:
305:
1400:
having valves. In fact, many fluid-dynamical systems in nature and engineering more or less rely upon valveless pumping to transport the working fluids therein. For instance, blood circulation in the cardiovascular system is maintained to some extent even when the heart's valves fail. Meanwhile, the embryonic vertebrate heart begins pumping blood long before the development of discernible chambers and valves. Similar to blood circulation in one direction,
1574:
730:
507:
1212:. The fluid is pushed outward or inward to move fluid axially. They operate at much lower pressures and higher flow rates than radial-flow (centrifugal) pumps. Axial-flow pumps cannot be run up to speed without special precaution. If at a low flow rate, the total head rise and high torque associated with this pipe would mean that the starting torque would have to become a function of acceleration for the whole mass of liquid in the pipe system.
35:
499:
294:
2030:
1002:
792:
27:
1103:
1995:
to increase with flow rate up to a point midway through the operating range (peak efficiency or Best
Efficiency Point (BEP) ) and then declines as flow rates rise further. Pump performance data such as this is usually supplied by the manufacturer before pump selection. Pump efficiencies tend to decline over time due to wear (e.g. increasing clearances as impellers reduce in size).
1307:, they are commonly applied to volatile, hot, or cryogenic fluid transport. However, as tolerances are typically tight, they are vulnerable to solids or particles causing jamming or rapid wear. Efficiency is typically low, and pressure and power consumption typically decrease with flow. Additionally, pumping direction can be reversed by reversing direction of spin.
950:, or ripple graph of a pump transducer. The dynamic relationship of the high-pressure fluid and plunger generally requires high-quality plunger seals. Plunger pumps with a larger number of plungers have the benefit of increased flow, or smoother flow without a pulsation damper. The increase in moving parts and crankshaft load is one drawback.
928:
out of the discharge valve. Efficiency and common problems: With only one cylinder in plunger pumps, the fluid flow varies between maximum flow when the plunger moves through the middle positions, and zero flow when the plunger is at the end positions. A lot of energy is wasted when the fluid is accelerated in the piping system. Vibration and
1300:(fluid in the cavity outside of the blades) through the pressure port. In a regenerative turbine pump, as fluid spirals repeatedly from a vane into the side channel and back to the next vane, kinetic energy is imparted to the periphery, thus pressure builds with each spiral, in a manner similar to a regenerative blower.
1558:
1444:(MTBF) is of great importance to responsible and conscientious pump users. In view of that fact, the preface to the 2006 Pump User's Handbook alludes to "pump failure" statistics. For the sake of convenience, these failure statistics often are translated into MTBF (in this case, installed life before failure).
429:
479:, these have an eccentric cylindrical rotor encased in a circular housing. As the rotor orbits, it traps fluid between the rotor and the casing, drawing the fluid through the pump. It is used for highly viscous fluids like petroleum-derived products, and it can also support high pressures of up to 290 psi.
1994:
Pump efficiency is defined as the ratio of the power imparted on the fluid by the pump in relation to the power supplied to drive the pump. Its value is not fixed for a given pump, efficiency is a function of the discharge and therefore also operating head. For centrifugal pumps, the efficiency tends
1643:
protecting the water source from contaminated buckets. Pumps such as the
Afridev pump are designed to be cheap to build and install, and easy to maintain with simple parts. However, scarcity of spare parts for these type of pumps in some regions of Africa has diminished their utility for these areas.
1066:
Instead of a gas accumulation and releasing cycle, the pressure can be created by burning of hydrocarbons. Such combustion driven pumps directly transmit the impulse from a combustion event through the actuation membrane to the pump fluid. In order to allow this direct transmission, the pump needs to
747:
is a more complicated type of rotary pump that uses two or three screws with opposing thread — e.g., one screw turns clockwise and the other counterclockwise. The screws are mounted on parallel shafts that have gears that mesh so the shafts turn together and everything stays in place. The screws turn
318:
Some positive-displacement pumps use an expanding cavity on the suction side and a decreasing cavity on the discharge side. Liquid flows into the pump as the cavity on the suction side expands and the liquid flows out of the discharge as the cavity collapses. The volume is constant through each cycle
2017:
Most large pumps have a minimum flow requirement below which the pump may be damaged by overheating, impeller wear, vibration, seal failure, drive shaft damage or poor performance. A minimum flow protection system ensures that the pump is not operated below the minimum flow rate. The system protects
1458:
Unscheduled maintenance is often one of the most significant costs of ownership, and failures of mechanical seals and bearings are among the major causes. Keep in mind the potential value of selecting pumps that cost more initially, but last much longer between repairs. The MTBF of a better pump may
1390:
irrigation in developing countries. Previously small steam engines have not been viable because of escalating inefficiencies as vapour engines decrease in size. However the use of modern engineering materials coupled with alternative engine configurations has meant that these types of system are now
1093:
The hydraulic ram is sometimes used in remote areas, where there is both a source of low-head hydropower, and a need for pumping water to a destination higher in elevation than the source. In this situation, the ram is often useful, since it requires no outside source of power other than the kinetic
927:
These consist of a cylinder with a reciprocating plunger. The suction and discharge valves are mounted in the head of the cylinder. In the suction stroke, the plunger retracts and the suction valves open causing suction of fluid into the cylinder. In the forward stroke, the plunger pushes the liquid
450:
The nature of the pump requires very close clearances between the rotating pump and the outer edge, making it rotate at a slow, steady speed. If rotary pumps are operated at high speeds, the fluids cause erosion, which eventually causes enlarged clearances that liquid can pass through, which reduces
1642:
Modern hand-operated community pumps are considered the most sustainable low-cost option for safe water supply in resource-poor settings, often in rural areas in developing countries. A hand pump opens access to deeper groundwater that is often not polluted and also improves the safety of a well by
1399:
Valveless pumping assists in fluid transport in various biomedical and engineering systems. In a valveless pumping system, no valves (or physical occlusions) are present to regulate the flow direction. The fluid pumping efficiency of a valveless system, however, is not necessarily lower than that
957:
Triplex pumps with shorter lifetimes are commonplace to the home user. A person who uses a home pressure washer for 10 hours a year may be satisfied with a pump that lasts 100 hours between rebuilds. Industrial-grade or continuous duty triplex pumps on the other end of the quality spectrum may run
809:
displaces the fluid trapped between two long helical rotors, each fitted into the other when perpendicular at 90°, rotating inside a triangular shaped sealing line configuration, both at the point of suction and at the point of discharge. This design produces a continuous flow with equal volume and
346:
on the discharge side of the positive-displacement pump is therefore necessary. The relief valve can be internal or external. The pump manufacturer normally has the option to supply internal relief or safety valves. The internal valve is usually used only as a safety precaution. An external relief
953:
Car washes often use these triplex-style plunger pumps (perhaps without pulsation dampers). In 1968, William
Bruggeman reduced the size of the triplex pump and increased the lifespan so that car washes could use equipment with smaller footprints. Durable high-pressure seals, low-pressure seals and
1215:
Mixed-flow pumps function as a compromise between radial and axial-flow pumps. The fluid experiences both radial acceleration and lift and exits the impeller somewhere between 0 and 90 degrees from the axial direction. As a consequence mixed-flow pumps operate at higher pressures than axial-flow
1651:
Multiphase pumping applications, also referred to as tri-phase, have grown due to increased oil drilling activity. In addition, the economics of multiphase production is attractive to upstream operations as it leads to simpler, smaller in-field installations, reduced equipment costs and improved
564:
These positive-displacement pumps have an expanding cavity on the suction side and a decreasing cavity on the discharge side. Liquid flows into the pumps as the cavity on the suction side expands and the liquid flows out of the discharge as the cavity collapses. The volume is constant given each
548:
with suction and discharge in both directions. The pumps can be powered manually, by air or steam, or by a belt driven by an engine. This type of pump was used extensively in the 19th century—in the early days of steam propulsion—as boiler feed water pumps. Now reciprocating pumps typically pump
1752:
is crucial for pump performance. It has two key aspects: 1) NPSHr (Required): The Head required for the pump to operate without cavitation issues. 2) NPSHa (Available): The actual pressure provided by the system (e.g., from an overhead tank). For optimal pump operation, NPSHa must always exceed
1466:
As has been noted, a typical pump failure, based on actual year 2002 reports, costs US$ 5,000 on average. This includes costs for material, parts, labor and overhead. Extending a pump's MTBF from 12 to 18 months would save US$ 1,667 per year — which might be greater than the cost to upgrade the
1454:
Not all plants are refineries, however, and different results occur elsewhere. In chemical plants, pumps have historically been "throw-away" items as chemical attack limits life. Things have improved in recent years, but the somewhat restricted space available in "old" DIN and ASME-standardized
338:
A positive-displacement pump must not operate against a closed valve on the discharge side of the pump, because it has no shutoff head like centrifugal pumps. A positive-displacement pump operating against a closed discharge valve continues to produce flow and the pressure in the discharge line
1531:
the pump. Loss of prime is usually due to ingestion of air into the pump. The clearances and displacement ratios in pumps for liquids, whether thin or more viscous, usually cannot displace air due to its compressibility. This is the case with most velocity (rotodynamic) pumps — for example,
716:
This is the simplest form of rotary positive-displacement pumps. It consists of two meshed gears that rotate in a closely fitted casing. The tooth spaces trap fluid and force it around the outer periphery. The fluid does not travel back on the meshed part, because the teeth mesh closely in the
2052:
of the pump increases the temperature of the fluid. For many pumps this added heat energy is dissipated through the pipework. However, for large industrial pumps, such as oil pipeline pumps, a recycle cooler is provided in the recycle line to cool the fluids to the normal suction temperature.
1767:
The power imparted into a fluid increases the energy of the fluid per unit volume. Thus the power relationship is between the conversion of the mechanical energy of the pump mechanism and the fluid elements within the pump. In general, this is governed by a series of simultaneous differential
1689:
When the pumping application is not suited to a centrifugal pump, a progressive cavity pump is used instead. Progressive cavity pumps are single-screw types typically used in shallow wells or at the surface. This pump is mainly used on surface applications where the pumped fluid may contain a
520:
Reciprocating pumps move the fluid using one or more oscillating pistons, plungers, or membranes (diaphragms), while valves restrict fluid motion to the desired direction. In order for suction to take place, the pump must first pull the plunger in an outward motion to decrease pressure in the
1712:
As the name indicates, multiphase pumps and their mechanical seals can encounter a large variation in service conditions such as changing process fluid composition, temperature variations, high and low operating pressures and exposure to abrasive/erosive media. The challenge is selecting the
1162:
A practical difference between dynamic and positive-displacement pumps is how they operate under closed valve conditions. Positive-displacement pumps physically displace fluid, so closing a valve downstream of a positive-displacement pump produces a continual pressure build up that can cause
1125:
is added to the fluid by increasing the flow velocity. This increase in energy is converted to a gain in potential energy (pressure) when the velocity is reduced prior to or as the flow exits the pump into the discharge pipe. This conversion of kinetic energy to pressure is explained by the
1455:
stuffing boxes places limits on the type of seal that fits. Unless the pump user upgrades the seal chamber, the pump only accommodates more compact and simple versions. Without this upgrading, lifetimes in chemical installations are generally around 50 to 60 percent of the refinery values.
1019:
over 1000 years ago, these pumps can be made from very simple materials: A rope, a wheel and a pipe are sufficient to make a simple rope pump. Rope pump efficiency has been studied by grassroots organizations and the techniques for making and running them have been continuously improved.
1526:
Typically, a liquid pump cannot simply draw air. The feed line of the pump and the internal body surrounding the pumping mechanism must first be filled with the liquid that requires pumping: An operator must introduce liquid into the system to initiate the pumping. This is called
1476:
856:
703:
1680:
The twin-screw pump is constructed of two inter-meshing screws that move the pumped fluid. Twin screw pumps are often used when pumping conditions contain high gas volume fractions and fluctuating inlet conditions. Four mechanical seals are required to seal the two shafts.
983:
Run on compressed air, these pumps are intrinsically safe by design, although all manufacturers offer ATEX-certified models to comply with industry regulation. These pumps are relatively inexpensive and can perform a wide variety of duties, from pumping water out of
1532:
centrifugal pumps. For such pumps, the position of the pump should always be lower than the suction point, if not the pump should be manually filled with liquid or a secondary pump should be used until all air is removed from the suction line and the pump casing.
622:, the piston is forced forward while energized, and is retracted by the spring during the other half cycle. Due to their inefficiency, vibratory pumps typically cannot be operated for more than one minute without overheating, so are limited to intermittent duty.
1652:
production rates. In essence, the multiphase pump can accommodate all fluid stream properties with one piece of equipment, which has a smaller footprint. Often, two smaller multiphase pumps are installed in series rather than having just one massive pump.
1973:
992:
from secure storage (dependent on how the pump is manufactured – elastomers / body construction). These double-diaphragm pumps can handle viscous fluids and abrasive materials with a gentle pumping process ideal for transporting shear-sensitive media.
1630:
Because water from pitcher pumps is drawn directly from the soil, it is more prone to contamination. If such water is not filtered and purified, consumption of it might lead to gastrointestinal or other water-borne diseases. A notorious case is the
1843:
simulation (i.e. solutions to the Navier–Stokes for the particular pump geometry), or by testing. The efficiency of the pump depends upon the pump's configuration and operating conditions (such as rotational speed, fluid density and viscosity etc.)
770:
Widely used for pumping difficult materials, such as sewage sludge contaminated with large particles, a progressing cavity pump consists of a helical rotor, about ten times as long as its width. This can be visualized as a central core of diameter
521:
chamber. Once the plunger pushes back, it will increase the chamber pressure and the inward pressure of the plunger will then open the discharge valve and release the fluid into the delivery pipe at constant flow rate and increased pressure.
1028:
Impulse pumps use pressure created by gas (usually air). In some impulse pumps the gas trapped in the liquid (usually water), is released and accumulated somewhere in the pump, creating a pressure that can push part of the liquid upwards.
1193:
of flow comes by means of multiple whirls, which are excited by the impeller in the working channel of the pump. Generally, a radial-flow pump operates at higher pressures and lower flow rates than an axial- or a mixed-flow pump.
1517:
Because of the wide variety of applications, pumps have a plethora of shapes and sizes: from very large to very small, from handling gas to handling liquid, from high pressure to low pressure, and from high volume to low volume.
1839:(going up or down hill), change in velocity, or change in static pressure. η is the pump efficiency, and may be given by the manufacturer's information, such as in the form of a pump curve, and is typically derived from either
954:
oil seals, hardened crankshafts, hardened connecting rods, thick ceramic plungers and heavier duty ball and roller bearings improve reliability in triplex pumps. Triplex pumps now are in a myriad of markets across the world.
2571:
C.M. Schumacher, M. Loepfe, R. Fuhrer, R.N. Grass, and W.J. Stark, "3D printed lost-wax casted soft silicone monoblocks enable heart-inspired pumping by internal combustion," RSC Advances, Vol. 4, pp. 16039–16042,
2025:
sized to allow the pump minimum flow to pass. The arrangement ensures that the minimum flow is maintained, although it is wasteful as it recycles fluid even when the flow through the pump exceeds the minimum flow.
1698:
These pumps are basically multistage centrifugal pumps and are widely used in oil well applications as a method for artificial lift. These pumps are usually specified when the pumped fluid is mainly liquid.
1982:), the work is negative. Power required to drive the pump is determined by dividing the output power by the pump efficiency. Furthermore, this definition encompasses pumps with no moving parts, such as a
1246:
horsepower (0.25 kW). 85-millimetre (3.3 in) diameter impeller rotates counter-clockwise. Left: inlet, right: outlet. 0.4 mm (0.016 in) thick vanes on 4 mm (0.16 in) centers
1287:
The pump has an impeller with a number of vanes or paddles which spins in a cavity. The suction port and pressure ports are located at the perimeter of the cavity and are isolated by a barrier called a
485:
have rollers which pinch a section of flexible tubing, forcing the liquid ahead as the rollers advance. Because they are very easy to keep clean, these are popular for dispensing food, medicine, and
969:, which cools the drill bit and carries the cuttings back to the surface. Drillers use triplex or even quintuplex pumps to inject water and solvents deep into shale in the extraction process called
3076:
1459:
be one to four years longer than that of its non-upgraded counterpart. Consider that published average values of avoided pump failures range from US$ 2600 to US$ 12,000. This does not include lost
934:
may be a serious problem. In general, the problems are compensated for by using two or more cylinders not working in phase with each other. Centrifugal pumps are also susceptible to water hammer.
2045:(FCV) in the recycle line. If the measured flow exceeds the minimum flow then the FCV is closed. If the measured flow falls below the minimum flow the FCV opens to maintain the minimum flowrate.
585:– similar to plunger pumps, where the plunger pressurizes hydraulic oil which is used to flex a diaphragm in the pumping cylinder. Diaphragm valves are used to pump hazardous and toxic fluids.
2041:
A more sophisticated, but more costly, system (see diagram) comprises a flow measuring device (FE) in the pump discharge which provides a signal into a flow controller (FIC) which actuates a
946:
Triplex plunger pumps use three plungers, which reduces the pulsation relative to single reciprocating plunger pumps. Adding a pulsation dampener on the pump outlet can further smooth the
1818:
1071:). Hence, the combustion causes the membrane to expand and thereby pumps the fluid out of the adjacent pumping chamber. The first combustion-driven soft pump was developed by ETH Zurich.
1216:
pumps while delivering higher discharges than radial-flow pumps. The exit angle of the flow dictates the pressure head-discharge characteristic in relation to radial and mixed-flow.
1690:
considerable amount of solids such as sand and dirt. The volumetric efficiency and mechanical efficiency of a progressive cavity pump increases as the viscosity of the liquid does.
873:
is a type of positive-displacement pump. It contains fluid within a flexible tube fitted inside a circular pump casing (though linear peristaltic pumps have been made). A number of
214:
pumps. In centrifugal pumps the direction of flow of the fluid changes by ninety degrees as it flows over an impeller, while in axial flow pumps the direction of flow is unchanged.
1850:
2735:
2140:
2764:
1535:
Positive–displacement pumps, however, tend to have sufficiently tight sealing between the moving parts and the casing or housing of the pump that they can be described as
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718:
268:
is set at right angles to the direction the liquid moves in, and a current is passed through it. This causes an electromagnetic force that moves the liquid.
1163:
mechanical failure of pipeline or pump. Dynamic pumps differ in that they can be safely operated under closed valve conditions (for short periods of time).
3024:
1416:
principle also use valveless pumping. The pump chamber is emptied through the printing jet due to reduced flow impedance in that direction and refilled by
1428:
748:
on the shafts and drive fluid through the pump. As with other forms of rotary pumps, the clearance between moving parts and the pump's casing is minimal.
1185:. Another type of radial-flow pump is a vortex pump. The liquid in them moves in tangential direction around the working wheel. The conversion from the
549:
highly viscous fluids like concrete and heavy oils, and serve in special applications that demand low flow rates against high resistance. Reciprocating
1086:
It takes in water at relatively low pressure and high flow-rate and outputs water at a higher hydraulic-head and lower flow-rate. The device uses the
121:, pumps are used for biochemical processes in developing and manufacturing medicine, and as artificial replacements for body parts, in particular the
2516:
1978:
For a typical "pumping" configuration, the work is imparted on the fluid, and is thus positive. For the fluid imparting the work on the pump (i.e. a
331:, can theoretically produce the same flow at a given rotational speed no matter what the discharge pressure. Thus, positive-displacement pumps are
935:
2323:
2165:
1737:
in suction feet (or metres) of head. The head can be simplified as the number of feet or metres the pump can raise or lower a column of water at
1177:. The fluid enters along the axis or center, is accelerated by the impeller and exits at right angles to the shaft (radially); an example is the
779:, though in reality it is manufactured in a single casting. This shaft fits inside a heavy-duty rubber sleeve, of wall thickness also typically
315:
A positive-displacement pump makes a fluid move by trapping a fixed amount and forcing (displacing) that trapped volume into the discharge pipe.
1668:
A rotodynamic pump with one single shaft that requires two mechanical seals, this pump uses an open-type axial impeller. It is often called a
3222:, February 1919, pages 83–84. Article about how a homeowner can easily build a pressurized home water system that does not use electricity.
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2191:
1827:
between the inlet and outlet (in Pa), and Q, the volume flow-rate of the fluid is given in m/s. The total pressure may have gravitational,
1749:
1333:
This uses a jet, often of steam, to create a low pressure. This low pressure sucks in fluid and propels it into a higher-pressure region.
783:. As the shaft rotates, the rotor gradually forces fluid up the rubber sleeve. Such pumps can develop very high pressure at low volumes.
2901:
1090:
effect to develop pressure that lifts a portion of the input water that powers the pump to a point higher than where the water started.
3041:
John Crane Seal
Sentinel – John Crane Increases Production Capabilities with Machine that Streamlines Four Machining Functions into One
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1412:
have been fabricated, and are expected to be particularly suitable for handling sensitive biofluids. Ink jet printers operating on the
2021:
The simplest minimum flow system is a pipe running from the pump discharge line back to the suction line. This line is fitted with an
2628:
2109:
893:), forcing the fluid through the tube. Additionally, when the tube opens to its natural state after the passing of the cam it draws (
114:
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2611:
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1612:
One sort of pump once common worldwide was a hand-powered water pump, or 'pitcher pump'. It was commonly installed over community
565:
cycle of operation and the pump's volumetric efficiency can be achieved through routine maintenance and inspection of its valves.
254:
1709:. The buffer tank breaks the energy of the liquid slug, smooths any fluctuations in the incoming flow and acts as a sand trap.
2083:
444:
Rotary pumps are very efficient because they can handle highly viscous fluids with higher flow rates as viscosity increases.
595:– usually simple devices for pumping small amounts of liquid or gel manually. The common hand soap dispenser is such a pump.
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2533:
1589:
132:
When a pump contains two or more pump mechanisms with fluid being directed to flow through them in series, it is called a
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1713:
appropriate mechanical seal arrangement and support system to ensure maximized seal life and its overall effectiveness.
3247:
3117:
2277:"M Pompe | Hollow Oscillating Disk Pumps | self priming pumps | reversible pumps | low-speed pumps"
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suspected contaminated water and had the handle of the public pump he suspected removed; the outbreak then subsided.
607:
Vibratory pump or vibration pump – a particularly low-cost form of plunger pump, popular in low-cost
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2454:
1782:
3159:
1543:, so-called when they are used to fulfill that need for other pumps in lieu of action taken by a human operator.
1367:
Steam pumps have been for a long time mainly of historical interest. They include any type of pump powered by a
616:
144:
may be used to specifically describe the number of stages. A pump that does not fit this description is simply a
3021:
1463:. One pump fire occurs per 1000 failures. Having fewer pump failures means having fewer destructive pump fires.
335:. However, a slight increase in internal leakage as the pressure increases prevents a truly constant flow rate.
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2709:
2436:
438:
These pumps move fluid using a rotating mechanism that creates a vacuum that captures and draws in the liquid.
1968:{\displaystyle \Delta p={(v_{2}^{2}-v_{1}^{2}) \over 2}+\Delta zg+{\Delta p_{\mathrm {static} } \over \rho }}
577:– a reciprocating plunger pushes the fluid through one or two open valves, closed by suction on the way back.
467:– the shape of the internals of this pump is usually two screws turning against each other to pump the liquid
347:
valve in the discharge line, with a return line back to the suction line or supply tank, provides increased
2867:
Wasser, Goodenberger, Jim and Bob (November 1993). "Extended Life, Zero
Emissions Seal for Process Pumps".
2998:
2513:
1490:
Pumps are used throughout society for a variety of purposes. Early applications includes the use of the
359:
A positive-displacement pump can be further classified according to the mechanism used to move the fluid:
3696:
1769:
1128:
3410:
3387:
2258:
2006:
1441:
1359:
is also sometimes called a gravity pump. In a gravity pump the fluid is lifted by gravitational force.
1141:
Dynamic pumps can be further subdivided according to the means in which the velocity gain is achieved.
839:
832:
2562:
blog – example of grassroots researcher telling about his study and work with the rope pump in Africa.
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280:
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2018:
the pump even if it is shut-in or dead-headed, that is, if the discharge line is completely closed.
1134:
2667:
889:
compress the flexible tube. As the rotor turns, the part of the tube under compression closes (or
1824:
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1762:
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that operates at high head pressures, typically 4–20 bars (400–2,000 kPa; 58–290 psi).
800:
757:
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2240:
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475:
Hollow disc pumps (also known as eccentric disc pumps or hollow rotary disc pumps), similar to
2898:
2422:
2226:
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NPSHr. This ensures the pump has enough pressure to prevent cavitation, a damaging condition.
1401:
3634:
3213:
2881:
2514:"Stimulation and Fracturing pumps: Reciprocating, Quintuplex Stimulation and Fracturing Pump"
1772:. However a more simple equation relating only the different energies in the fluid, known as
1636:
1597:
1413:
1380:
1043:
961:
The oil and gas drilling industry uses massive semi-trailer-transported triplex pumps called
20:
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to identify the most suitable pump type for a particular combination of flow rate and head.
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Recently there has been a resurgence of interest in low-power solar steam pumps for use in
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39:
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66:, by mechanical action, typically converted from electrical energy into hydraulic energy.
8:
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Alternatively the recycled fluids may be returned to upstream of the export cooler in an
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619:
2668:"Design optimisation of a regenerative pump using numerical and experimental techniques"
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with the pump so that it operates at or close to the point of its maximum efficiency.
1672:, and can be described as a cross between an axial compressor and a centrifugal pump.
604: – a form of hydraulic pump where pistons extend in a radial direction.
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3233:
3199:
3179:
3164:
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2214:
1998:
When a system includes a centrifugal pump, an important design issue is matching the
1623:. Though such community pumps are no longer common, people still used the expression
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1062:– run on air inserted into pipe, which pushes the water up when bubbles move upward
1042:– kinetic energy of a low-head water supply is stored temporarily in an air-bubble
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A buffer tank is often installed upstream of the pump suction nozzle in case of a
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pump air in one direction in rigid lungs, but without any physiological valve. In
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with suction during one direction of piston motion and discharge on the other, or
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2905:
2854:
2615:
2559:
2520:
2305:
1828:
1372:
1203:
1178:
1158:
Conversion of increased velocity (kinetic energy) to an increase in pressure head
1068:
886:
461:– a simple type of rotary pump where the liquid is pushed around a pair of gears.
211:
98:
74:
70:
2801:
1744:
From an initial design point of view, engineers often use a quantity termed the
3691:
3499:
3340:
3325:
3297:
3272:
3264:
2501:
2381:
2049:
1840:
1832:
1745:
1409:
1182:
1152:
1122:
822:
670:
655:
581:
404:
276:
265:
126:
94:
82:
2686:
510:
Antique "pitcher" pump (c. 1924) at the
Colored School in Alapaha, Georgia, US
3685:
3649:
3494:
3489:
3428:
3362:
3189:
2022:
2005:
Pump efficiency is an important aspect and pumps should be regularly tested.
1507:
1433:
1405:
1376:
1355:
1080:
1037:
486:
110:
90:
3105:(12 ed.). Tulsa: GPSA. pp. Chapter 7 Pumps and hydraulic turbines.
1627:
to describe a place or forum where matters of local interest are discussed.
304:
3484:
3395:
3330:
3315:
3163:, 3rd edition. Canberra: Australian Pump Manufacturers' Association, 1987.
2497:
2062:
2058:
2054:
1387:
1368:
1087:
1058:
966:
930:
916:
573:
554:
400:
343:
242:
86:
1635:. At the time it was not known how cholera was transmitted, but physician
1557:
151:
In biology, many different types of chemical and biomechanical pumps have
3644:
3560:
3552:
3474:
3418:
3377:
2894:
1050:
899:
650:
589:
396:
246:
218:
199:
106:
43:
717:
center. Gear pumps see wide use in car engine oil pumps and in various
428:
339:
increases until the line bursts, the pump is severely damaged, or both.
3603:
3565:
3479:
3451:
2736:"CFD Analysis of Domestic Centrifugal Pump for Performance Enhancement"
1722:
1613:
1605:
1593:
1573:
1304:
1296:(fluid between the blades) to recirculate, and forces any fluid in the
1016:
744:
738:
729:
660:
558:
464:
417:
371:
156:
811:
506:
3580:
1835:
components; i.e. energy is distributed between change in the fluid's
1706:
1566:
1552:
1495:
1010:
814:
rates, and offers gentle performance that some applications require.
806:
711:
685:
665:
645:
635:
611:. The only moving part is a spring-loaded piston, the armature of a
550:
458:
413:
375:
367:
308:
297:
34:
3100:
2675:
International
Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow
3585:
3575:
3504:
3357:
1730:
1499:
1491:
1480:
1111:
971:
962:
3595:
3514:
3466:
3256:
2166:"The Volumetric Efficiency of Rotary Positive Displacement Pumps"
1979:
1734:
1582:
985:
938:, a specialized study, helps evaluate this risk in such systems.
855:
322:
2324:"3P PRINZ - Hollow rotary disk pumps - Pompe 3P - Made in Italy"
1102:
775:
with, typically, a curved spiral wound around of thickness half
206:. There are three basic types of pumps: positive-displacement,
3532:
3372:
3282:
2029:
1983:
1578:
1562:
1511:
1343:
978:
498:
348:
272:
159:
is sometimes used in developing new types of mechanical pumps.
69:
Mechanical pumps serve in a wide range of applications such as
63:
55:
2107:
1475:
454:
Rotary positive-displacement pumps fall into five main types:
293:
3624:
3619:
3570:
3307:
3277:
1684:
1319:
pump has a suction disk, an impeller, and a discharge disk.
791:
532:(four) cylinders, or more. Many reciprocating-type pumps are
250:
178:
Pumps can be classified by their method of displacement into
16:
Device that imparts energy to the fluids by mechanical action
2857:. Mt-online.com 1 October 2008. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
2740:
International
Research Journal of Engineering and Technology
2565:
1001:
702:
631:
The positive-displacement principle applies in these pumps:
493:
3527:
3522:
3225:
78:
26:
1646:
2891:
1658:
386:, helical twisted roots (e.g. the Wendelkolben pump) and
59:
2951:
A History of
Engineering in Classical and Medieval Times
1776:
can be used. Hence the power, P, required by the pump:
1498:
to pump water. Today, the pump is used for irrigation,
1121:(or dynamic pumps) are a type of velocity pump in which
2437:"FAQs and Favorites – Espresso Machines"
2141:"Understanding positive displacement pumps | PumpScout"
1144:
These types of pumps have a number of characteristics:
3118:"Four methods for maintaining minimum flow conditions"
2884:, "Mechanical Engineering in the Medieval Near East",
626:
2923:"The Origin of the Suction Pump: al-Jazari 1206 A.D."
2665:
2534:"Advantages of an Air Operated Double Diaphragm Pump"
1853:
1785:
1693:
1675:
1596:
is underway by pump-enabled extraction directly from
1054:– run with natural resources, by kinetic energy only.
805:
Named after the Roots brothers who invented it, this
423:
2866:
2192:"Positive Displacement Pumps - LobePro Rotary Pumps"
2636:
Institution of
Diploma Marine Engineers, Bangladesh
2585:
Biofuels: Securing the Planet's Future Energy Needs
1619:In parts of the British Isles, it was often called
903:and is used in many biological systems such as the
2473:"Definitive Guide: Pumps Used in Pressure Washers"
2110:"Radial, mixed and axial flow pumps. Introduction"
1967:
1812:
1510:(usually called a compressor), chemical movement,
553:were widely used to pump water from wells. Common
3062:. Engineeringnews.co.za. Retrieved on 2011-05-25.
2086:. Engineeringnews.co.za. Retrieved on 2011-05-25.
1546:
1280:pumps, regenerative turbine pumps are a class of
3683:
2843:
2841:
2734:Rajmane, M. Satish; Kallurkar, S.P. (May 2015).
2733:
3022:Sealing Multiphase Pumping Applications | Seals
2794:"Regenerative Turbine Pump vs Centrifugal Pump"
1514:movement, flood control, marine services, etc.
1432:Derelict windmill connected to water pump with
924:are reciprocating positive-displacement pumps.
183:
3188:
3070:
3068:
2917:
2765:"Regenerative turbine pumps: product brochure"
2666:Quail F, Scanlon T, Stickland M (2011-01-11).
2455:"The Pump: The Heart of Your Espresso Machine"
1067:be almost entirely made of an elastomer (e.g.
897:) fluid into the pump. This process is called
354:
323:Positive-displacement pump behavior and safety
288:
3241:
3115:
3101:Gas Processors Suppliers Association (2004).
3074:
3015:
2838:
1663:
1236:Regenerative turbine pump rotor and housing,
941:
366:positive displacement: internal and external
3157:Australian Pump Manufacturers' Association.
3050:. Sealsentinel.com. Retrieved on 2011-05-25.
2079:
2077:
1813:{\displaystyle P={\frac {\Delta pQ}{\eta }}}
1303:As regenerative turbine pumps cannot become
1219:
1046:, then used to drive water to a higher head.
979:Compressed-air-powered double-diaphragm pump
279:machines, pumping liquid-metal coolant, and
3065:
2661:
2659:
2037:of pump minimum flow protection arrangement
171:in the fluid they are pumping or be placed
3248:
3234:
2993:
2991:
2012:
1685:Progressive cavity (positive-displacement)
1151:Conversion of added energy to increase in
751:
3174:Hicks, Tyler G. and Theodore W. Edwards.
3031:. Pump-zone.com. Retrieved on 2011-05-25.
2759:
2757:
2588:. Springer Science & Business Media.
2074:
1616:in the days before piped water supplies.
494:Reciprocating positive-displacement pumps
179:
115:heating, ventilation and air conditioning
19:For other uses of "pump" or "pumps", see
2786:
2656:
2581:
2028:
1588:
1572:
1556:
1474:
1427:
1231:
1223:
1181:, which is commonly used to implement a
1101:
1000:
854:
790:
761:
728:
701:
505:
497:
427:
303:
292:
33:
25:
2988:
2848:Pump Statistics Should Shape Strategies
2704:
2702:
2108:Engineering Sciences Data Unit (2007).
2084:Submersible slurry pumps in high demand
1647:Sealing multiphase pumping applications
1083:is a water pump powered by hydropower.
223:
3684:
2999:"When to use Progressive Cavity Pumps"
2754:
1659:Types and features of multiphase pumps
528:, with one cylinder, to in some cases
38:A large, electrically driven pump for
3229:
2875:
2618:. Pumps.org. Retrieved on 2011-05-25.
1171:Such a pump is also referred to as a
1074:
540:(three) cylinder. They can be either
2947:
2699:
2629:"Radial, mixed and axial flow pumps"
1310:
1032:Conventional impulse pumps include:
838:A brand of civil defense siren, the
327:Positive-displacement pumps, unlike
271:Applications include pumping molten
203:
3116:Pump Industry (30 September 2020).
2098:. Fao.org. Retrieved on 2011-05-25.
1733:in metres (or feet) of head, inlet
1322:
1228:Regenerative turbine pump animation
1166:
958:for as much as 2,080 hours a year.
850:
627:Various positive-displacement pumps
191:
13:
3160:Australian Pump Technical Handbook
3151:
2954:. London: Routledge. p. 143.
2609:Welcome to the Hydraulic Institute
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1929:
1914:
1854:
1795:
1694:Electric submersible (centrifugal)
1676:Twin-screw (positive-displacement)
1633:1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak
1440:Examining pump repair records and
1394:
1197:
786:
524:Pumps in this category range from
424:Rotary positive-displacement pumps
195:
187:
30:A small, electrically powered pump
14:
3708:
3214:"Homemade Water Pressure Systems"
3178:. McGraw-Hill Book Company.1971.
2976:"Online Dictionary – Parish Pump"
2096:TAXONOMY OF PUMPS AND WATER LIFTS
1716:
1521:
1097:
568:Typical reciprocating pumps are:
2397:"What Is Volumetric Efficiency?"
2395:Inc., Triangle Pump Components.
2394:
2189:
1756:
1750:Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH)
1539:. Such pumps can also serve as
1467:centrifugal pump's reliability.
1336:
910:
229:This section is an excerpt from
3135:
3109:
3094:
3053:
3034:
2968:
2948:Hill, Donald Routledge (1996).
2941:
2911:
2860:
2816:
2727:
2621:
2602:
2575:
2546:
2526:
2507:
2491:
2465:
2447:
2429:
2388:
2374:
2345:
2316:
2298:
2048:As the fluids are recycled the
1470:
1423:
1023:
54:is a device that moves fluids (
2824:"What is a Side Channel Pump?"
2582:Demirbas, Ayhan (2008-11-14).
2269:
2251:
2233:
2183:
2158:
2133:
2101:
2089:
1902:
1866:
1837:gravitational potential energy
1577:First European depiction of a
1547:Pumps as public water supplies
1391:a cost-effective opportunity.
1208:These are also referred to as
810:no vortex. It can work at low
380:flexible vane and sliding vane
1:
2068:
2000:head loss-flow characteristic
1989:
1600:, seen in the background, in
1362:
724:
3255:
3176:Pump Application Engineering
3060:Vacuum pump new on SA market
1721:Pumps are commonly rated by
1447:In early 2005, Gordon Buck,
996:
697:
7:
3411:Internal combustion engines
3388:External combustion engines
3198:(4 ed.). McGraw Hill.
2869:John Crane Technical Report
2710:"Regenerative Turbine Pump"
2638:. June 2003. Archived from
1129:First law of thermodynamics
833:internal combustion engines
355:Positive-displacement types
289:Positive-displacement pumps
184:positive-displacement pumps
10:
3713:
3103:GPSA Engineering Data Book
3077:"minimum flow bypass line"
2382:"Hollow Rotary Disc Pumps"
2259:"Hollow Disc Rotary Pumps"
2007:Thermodynamic pump testing
1823:where Δp is the change in
1760:
1664:Helico-axial (centrifugal)
1550:
1442:mean time between failures
1341:Gravity pumps include the
1326:
1220:Regenerative turbine pump
1201:
1132:, or more specifically by
1008:
942:Triplex-style plunger pump
914:
862:
840:Federal Signal Corporation
823:industrial air compressors
798:
755:
736:
709:
561:use reciprocating action.
513:
382:, circumferential piston,
228:
216:
18:
3663:
3612:
3594:
3551:
3513:
3465:
3442:
3409:
3386:
3339:
3306:
3265:Classical simple machines
3263:
2826:. Michael Smith Engineers
2687:10.1108/09615531111095094
2477:The Pressure Washr Review
1094:energy of flowing water.
281:magnetohydrodynamic drive
2904:25 December 2007 at the
2774:. pp. 3-4-7
1768:equations, known as the
1414:piezoelectric transducer
1402:bird respiratory systems
1292:, which allows only the
1114:with backward-swept arms
167:Mechanical pumps may be
162:
113:and other components of
71:pumping water from wells
3650:Check weighing machines
2871:. Routledge. TRP 28017.
2190:inc., elyk innovation.
2170:www.pumpsandsystems.com
2013:Minimum flow protection
1770:Navier–Stokes equations
801:Roots-type supercharger
766:Progressing cavity pump
758:Progressing cavity pump
752:Progressing cavity pump
641:Progressing cavity pump
412:positive displacement:
395:positive displacement:
255:electrically conductive
3003:www.libertyprocess.com
2899:Mechanical Engineering
2890:, May 1991, pp. 64-9 (
2241:"Eccentric Disc Pumps"
2038:
1969:
1814:
1609:
1586:
1570:
1561:Arabic depiction of a
1487:
1437:
1436:tank in the foreground
1247:
1229:
1155:(increase in velocity)
1115:
1006:
905:gastrointestinal tract
860:
817:Applications include:
796:
767:
734:
707:
511:
503:
435:
333:constant flow machines
312:
301:
47:
31:
3635:Seed-counting machine
2882:Donald Routledge Hill
2798:Dyna Flow Engineering
2063:offshore installation
2032:
1970:
1815:
1592:
1576:
1560:
1478:
1431:
1381:Pulsometer steam pump
1235:
1227:
1135:Bernoulli's principle
1105:
1044:hydraulic accumulator
1004:
859:360° peristaltic pump
858:
794:
765:
732:
719:hydraulic power packs
705:
509:
501:
431:
307:
296:
241:is a pump that moves
180:electromagnetic pumps
37:
29:
21:Pump (disambiguation)
3434:Nutating disc engine
3424:Reciprocating engine
3143:Shearwater P&IDs
2441:www.home-barista.com
2035:process flow diagram
1851:
1783:
1774:Bernoulli's equation
1763:Bernoulli's equation
1739:atmospheric pressure
1727:volumetric flow rate
1179:centrifugal fan
1015:Devised in China as
239:electromagnetic pump
231:Electromagnetic pump
224:Electromagnetic pump
3075:Crane Engineering.
2929:on 26 February 2008
2887:Scientific American
2443:. 21 November 2014.
2384:. November 4, 2014.
2306:"Hollow disc pumps"
1901:
1883:
1502:, gasoline supply,
1005:Rope pump schematic
829:Roots superchargers
620:alternating current
617:half-wave rectified
557:and foot pumps for
3697:Ancient inventions
3457:Peaucellier-Lipkin
3046:2010-11-27 at the
3027:2009-09-03 at the
2919:Ahmad Y. al-Hassan
2853:2016-03-04 at the
2614:2011-07-27 at the
2558:2012-03-31 at the
2519:2014-02-22 at the
2421:has generic name (
2353:"Hollow Disc Pump"
2310:Pump Supplier Bedu
2225:has generic name (
2043:flow control valve
2039:
1965:
1887:
1869:
1810:
1610:
1587:
1571:
1488:
1479:Metering pump for
1438:
1248:
1230:
1189:of motor into the
1116:
1075:Hydraulic ram pump
1007:
861:
797:
768:
735:
708:
601:Radial piston pump
593:displacement pumps
516:Reciprocating pump
512:
504:
477:scroll compressors
436:
393:Reciprocating-type
313:
302:
75:aquarium filtering
48:
32:
3679:
3678:
3655:Riveting machines
3353:Archimedes' screw
3081:Crane Engineering
2523:. Gardner Denver.
2357:magnatexpumps.com
1963:
1909:
1808:
1461:opportunity costs
1311:Side-channel pump
1187:mechanical energy
1148:Continuous energy
1119:Rotodynamic pumps
990:hydrochloric acid
795:A Roots lobe pump
691:Flexible impeller
609:espresso machines
483:Peristaltic pumps
471:Rotary vane pumps
388:liquid-ring pumps
384:flexible impeller
378:, shuttle block,
146:single-stage pump
127:penile prosthesis
117:systems. In the
109:or for operating
3704:
3358:Eductor-jet pump
3250:
3243:
3236:
3227:
3226:
3209:
3146:
3139:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3098:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3072:
3063:
3057:
3051:
3038:
3032:
3019:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
2995:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2972:
2966:
2965:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2915:
2909:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2864:
2858:
2845:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2804:on 30 April 2021
2800:. Archived from
2790:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2772:PSG Dover: Ebsra
2769:
2761:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2706:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2672:
2663:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2650:
2644:
2633:
2625:
2619:
2606:
2600:
2599:
2579:
2573:
2569:
2563:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2530:
2524:
2511:
2505:
2498:"Drilling Pumps"
2495:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2479:. 13 August 2015
2469:
2463:
2462:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2420:
2416:
2414:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2378:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2359:. Archived from
2349:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2330:. Archived from
2320:
2314:
2313:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2283:. Archived from
2273:
2267:
2266:
2255:
2249:
2248:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2224:
2220:
2218:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2198:. Archived from
2187:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2143:. Archived from
2137:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2121:
2115:. Archived from
2114:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2087:
2081:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1964:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1956:
1927:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1882:
1877:
1864:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1809:
1804:
1793:
1504:air conditioning
1418:capillary action
1373:pistonless pumps
1350:Heron's fountain
1329:Eductor-jet pump
1323:Eductor-jet pump
1282:rotodynamic pump
1261:liquid-ring pump
1245:
1244:
1240:
1191:potential energy
1174:centrifugal pump
1167:Radial-flow pump
1108:centrifugal pump
871:peristaltic pump
865:Peristaltic pump
851:Peristaltic pump
681:Peristaltic pump
676:Rotary vane pump
646:Rotary gear pump
636:Rotary lobe pump
502:Simple hand pump
433:Rotary vane pump
259:electromagnetism
136:. Terms such as
134:multi-stage pump
123:artificial heart
119:medical industry
62:), or sometimes
3712:
3711:
3707:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3701:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3675:
3671:Spring (device)
3659:
3640:Vending machine
3608:
3590:
3547:
3509:
3461:
3438:
3405:
3401:Stirling engine
3382:
3335:
3302:
3259:
3254:
3219:Popular Science
3212:Robbins, L. B.
3206:
3154:
3152:Further reading
3149:
3140:
3136:
3126:
3124:
3114:
3110:
3099:
3095:
3085:
3083:
3073:
3066:
3058:
3054:
3048:Wayback Machine
3039:
3035:
3029:Wayback Machine
3020:
3016:
3007:
3005:
2997:
2996:
2989:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2973:
2969:
2962:
2946:
2942:
2932:
2930:
2916:
2912:
2906:Wayback Machine
2880:
2876:
2865:
2861:
2855:Wayback Machine
2846:
2839:
2829:
2827:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2807:
2805:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2777:
2775:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2755:
2745:
2743:
2732:
2728:
2718:
2716:
2708:
2707:
2700:
2691:
2689:
2670:
2664:
2657:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2631:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2616:Wayback Machine
2607:
2603:
2596:
2580:
2576:
2570:
2566:
2560:Wayback Machine
2551:
2547:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2521:Wayback Machine
2512:
2508:
2496:
2492:
2482:
2480:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2453:
2452:
2448:
2435:
2434:
2430:
2418:
2417:
2408:
2407:
2401:
2399:
2393:
2389:
2380:
2379:
2375:
2366:
2364:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2337:
2335:
2328:www.3pprinz.com
2322:
2321:
2317:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2290:
2288:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2257:
2256:
2252:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2222:
2221:
2212:
2211:
2205:
2203:
2196:www.lobepro.com
2188:
2184:
2175:
2173:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2150:
2148:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2112:
2106:
2102:
2094:
2090:
2082:
2075:
2071:
2015:
2009:is one method.
1992:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1926:
1896:
1891:
1878:
1873:
1865:
1863:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1829:static pressure
1794:
1792:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1765:
1759:
1719:
1696:
1687:
1678:
1666:
1661:
1655:
1649:
1621:the parish pump
1555:
1549:
1524:
1473:
1449:John Crane Inc.
1426:
1410:impedance pumps
1397:
1395:Valveless pumps
1365:
1339:
1331:
1325:
1313:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1222:
1210:all-fluid pumps
1206:
1204:Axial-flow pump
1200:
1198:Axial-flow pump
1169:
1100:
1077:
1069:silicone rubber
1026:
1013:
999:
981:
944:
919:
913:
867:
853:
803:
789:
787:Roots-type pump
760:
754:
741:
727:
714:
700:
629:
518:
496:
426:
405:diaphragm pumps
357:
325:
291:
286:
285:
234:
226:
221:
204:valveless pumps
165:
99:energy industry
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3710:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3667:
3665:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3616:
3614:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3606:
3600:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3557:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3519:
3517:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3507:
3502:
3500:Wind generator
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3471:
3469:
3463:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3448:
3446:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3415:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3403:
3398:
3392:
3390:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3349:
3347:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3326:Pendulum clock
3323:
3318:
3312:
3310:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3298:Wheel and axle
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3273:Inclined plane
3269:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3253:
3252:
3245:
3238:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3210:
3204:
3192:, ed. (2007).
3190:Karassik, Igor
3186:
3172:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3134:
3108:
3093:
3064:
3052:
3033:
3014:
2987:
2967:
2960:
2940:
2925:Archived from
2910:
2874:
2859:
2837:
2815:
2785:
2753:
2726:
2698:
2655:
2620:
2601:
2594:
2574:
2564:
2553:Tanzania water
2545:
2525:
2506:
2502:Gardner Denver
2490:
2464:
2446:
2428:
2387:
2373:
2344:
2315:
2297:
2281:www.mpompe.com
2268:
2263:APEX Equipment
2250:
2232:
2182:
2157:
2132:
2100:
2088:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2050:kinetic energy
2014:
2011:
1991:
1988:
1976:
1975:
1962:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1908:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1841:fluid dynamics
1833:kinetic energy
1825:total pressure
1821:
1820:
1807:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1761:Main article:
1758:
1755:
1746:specific speed
1718:
1717:Specifications
1715:
1695:
1692:
1686:
1683:
1677:
1674:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1648:
1645:
1551:Main article:
1548:
1545:
1523:
1522:Priming a pump
1520:
1472:
1469:
1425:
1422:
1396:
1393:
1364:
1361:
1338:
1335:
1327:Main article:
1324:
1321:
1312:
1309:
1250:Also known as
1221:
1218:
1202:Main article:
1199:
1196:
1183:vacuum cleaner
1168:
1165:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1153:kinetic energy
1149:
1123:kinetic energy
1099:
1098:Velocity pumps
1096:
1076:
1073:
1064:
1063:
1055:
1047:
1025:
1022:
1009:Main article:
998:
995:
980:
977:
943:
940:
936:Surge analysis
915:Main article:
912:
909:
885:attached to a
863:Main article:
852:
849:
848:
847:
836:
826:
821:High capacity
799:Main article:
788:
785:
756:Main article:
753:
750:
737:Main article:
726:
723:
710:Main article:
699:
696:
695:
694:
688:
683:
678:
673:
671:Hydraulic pump
668:
663:
658:
656:Diaphragm pump
653:
648:
643:
638:
628:
625:
624:
623:
605:
597:
586:
582:Diaphragm pump
578:
495:
492:
491:
490:
480:
473:
468:
462:
425:
422:
421:
420:
407:
390:
356:
353:
324:
321:
319:of operation.
290:
287:
277:wave soldering
266:magnetic field
235:
227:
225:
222:
192:velocity pumps
175:to the fluid.
164:
161:
111:cooling towers
95:fuel injection
81:filtering and
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3709:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3613:Miscellaneous
3611:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3597:
3593:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3512:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3495:Water turbine
3493:
3491:
3490:Steam turbine
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3441:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3429:Rotary engine
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3412:
3408:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3363:Hydraulic ram
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3251:
3246:
3244:
3239:
3237:
3232:
3231:
3228:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3205:9780071460446
3201:
3197:
3196:
3195:Pump Handbook
3191:
3187:
3185:
3184:0-07-028741-4
3181:
3177:
3173:
3170:
3169:0-7316-7043-4
3166:
3162:
3161:
3156:
3155:
3144:
3138:
3123:
3122:Pump Industry
3119:
3112:
3104:
3097:
3082:
3078:
3071:
3069:
3061:
3056:
3049:
3045:
3042:
3037:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3018:
3004:
3000:
2994:
2992:
2977:
2971:
2963:
2961:0-415-15291-7
2957:
2953:
2952:
2944:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2914:
2907:
2903:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2889:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2870:
2863:
2856:
2852:
2849:
2844:
2842:
2825:
2819:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2773:
2766:
2760:
2758:
2741:
2737:
2730:
2715:
2711:
2705:
2703:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2660:
2645:on 2014-03-08
2641:
2637:
2630:
2624:
2617:
2613:
2610:
2605:
2597:
2595:9781848820111
2591:
2587:
2586:
2578:
2568:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2549:
2535:
2529:
2522:
2518:
2515:
2510:
2503:
2499:
2494:
2478:
2474:
2468:
2460:
2456:
2450:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2424:
2412:
2398:
2391:
2383:
2377:
2363:on 2020-08-06
2362:
2358:
2354:
2348:
2334:on 2020-08-06
2333:
2329:
2325:
2319:
2311:
2307:
2301:
2287:on 2020-02-06
2286:
2282:
2278:
2272:
2264:
2260:
2254:
2246:
2242:
2236:
2228:
2216:
2202:on 2018-01-04
2201:
2197:
2193:
2186:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2147:on 2018-01-04
2146:
2142:
2136:
2122:on 2014-03-08
2118:
2111:
2104:
2097:
2092:
2085:
2080:
2078:
2073:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2044:
2036:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2023:orifice plate
2019:
2010:
2008:
2003:
2001:
1996:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1960:
1933:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1911:
1906:
1897:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1870:
1860:
1857:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1805:
1801:
1798:
1789:
1786:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1771:
1764:
1757:Pumping power
1754:
1751:
1747:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1714:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1691:
1682:
1673:
1671:
1670:Poseidon pump
1656:
1653:
1644:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1584:
1580:
1575:
1568:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1544:
1542:
1541:priming pumps
1538:
1533:
1530:
1519:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1508:refrigeration
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1486:
1482:
1477:
1468:
1464:
1462:
1456:
1452:
1450:
1445:
1443:
1435:
1434:water storage
1430:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1406:microfluidics
1403:
1392:
1389:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1377:Thomas Savery
1374:
1370:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1356:hydraulic ram
1352:
1351:
1346:
1345:
1337:Gravity pumps
1334:
1330:
1320:
1318:
1308:
1306:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1234:
1226:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1205:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1164:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1130:
1124:
1120:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1095:
1091:
1089:
1084:
1082:
1081:hydraulic ram
1072:
1070:
1061:
1060:
1059:Airlift pumps
1056:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1039:
1038:Hydraulic ram
1035:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1021:
1018:
1012:
1003:
994:
991:
987:
976:
974:
973:
968:
964:
959:
955:
951:
949:
939:
937:
933:
932:
925:
923:
922:Plunger pumps
918:
911:Plunger pumps
908:
906:
902:
901:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
866:
857:
845:
841:
837:
834:
830:
827:
824:
820:
819:
818:
815:
813:
808:
802:
793:
784:
782:
778:
774:
764:
759:
749:
746:
740:
731:
722:
720:
713:
704:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
634:
633:
632:
621:
618:
615:. Driven by
614:
610:
606:
603:
602:
598:
596:
592:
591:
587:
584:
583:
579:
576:
575:
571:
570:
569:
566:
562:
560:
556:
555:bicycle pumps
552:
547:
546:double-acting
543:
542:single-acting
539:
535:
531:
527:
522:
517:
508:
500:
488:
484:
481:
478:
474:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
456:
455:
452:
449:
445:
443:
439:
434:
430:
419:
415:
411:
408:
406:
402:
401:plunger pumps
398:
394:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
362:
361:
360:
352:
350:
345:
340:
336:
334:
330:
320:
316:
310:
306:
299:
295:
284:
282:
278:
274:
269:
267:
262:
260:
257:liquid using
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
232:
220:
215:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
196:gravity pumps
193:
189:
188:impulse pumps
185:
181:
176:
174:
170:
160:
158:
154:
149:
148:in contrast.
147:
143:
139:
135:
130:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
91:water-cooling
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
67:
65:
61:
57:
53:
45:
41:
36:
28:
22:
3630:Agricultural
3485:Quasiturbine
3396:Steam engine
3367:
3344:
3331:Quartz clock
3316:Atomic clock
3217:
3194:
3175:
3158:
3142:
3137:
3125:. Retrieved
3121:
3111:
3102:
3096:
3084:. Retrieved
3080:
3055:
3036:
3017:
3006:. Retrieved
3002:
2979:. Retrieved
2970:
2950:
2943:
2931:. Retrieved
2927:the original
2913:
2885:
2877:
2868:
2862:
2830:December 24,
2828:. Retrieved
2818:
2806:. Retrieved
2802:the original
2797:
2788:
2776:. Retrieved
2771:
2744:. Retrieved
2739:
2729:
2717:. Retrieved
2714:rothpump.com
2713:
2690:. Retrieved
2678:
2674:
2647:. Retrieved
2640:the original
2635:
2623:
2604:
2584:
2577:
2567:
2548:
2537:. Retrieved
2528:
2509:
2493:
2481:. Retrieved
2476:
2467:
2459:Clive Coffee
2458:
2449:
2440:
2431:
2400:. Retrieved
2390:
2376:
2365:. Retrieved
2361:the original
2356:
2347:
2336:. Retrieved
2332:the original
2327:
2318:
2309:
2300:
2289:. Retrieved
2285:the original
2280:
2271:
2262:
2253:
2244:
2235:
2204:. Retrieved
2200:the original
2195:
2185:
2174:. Retrieved
2172:. 2015-05-21
2169:
2160:
2149:. Retrieved
2145:the original
2135:
2124:. Retrieved
2117:the original
2103:
2091:
2059:oil terminal
2055:oil refinery
2047:
2040:
2020:
2016:
2004:
1999:
1997:
1993:
1977:
1822:
1766:
1743:
1720:
1711:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1688:
1679:
1669:
1667:
1654:
1650:
1641:
1629:
1624:
1620:
1618:
1611:
1540:
1537:self-priming
1536:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1516:
1500:water supply
1489:
1471:Applications
1465:
1457:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1424:Pump repairs
1408:, valveless
1398:
1385:
1369:steam engine
1366:
1354:
1348:
1342:
1340:
1332:
1317:side-channel
1316:
1314:
1305:vapor locked
1302:
1298:side channel
1297:
1293:
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1251:
1249:
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1143:
1140:
1133:
1127:
1117:
1092:
1088:water hammer
1085:
1078:
1065:
1057:
1051:Pulser pumps
1049:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1024:Impulse pump
1014:
982:
970:
967:drilling mud
960:
956:
952:
947:
945:
931:water hammer
929:
926:
921:
920:
917:Plunger pump
898:
894:
890:
882:
878:
874:
870:
868:
816:
804:
780:
776:
772:
769:
742:
715:
630:
599:
594:
588:
580:
574:Plunger pump
572:
567:
563:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
523:
519:
453:
451:efficiency.
447:
446:
441:
440:
437:
409:
397:piston pumps
392:
363:
358:
344:safety valve
342:A relief or
341:
337:
332:
326:
317:
314:
270:
263:
243:liquid metal
236:
177:
172:
168:
166:
150:
145:
142:double-stage
141:
137:
133:
131:
87:car industry
68:
51:
49:
3645:Wind tunnel
3561:Vacuum tube
3553:Electronics
3475:Gas turbine
3419:Gas turbine
3378:Vacuum pump
3341:Compressors
3321:Chronometer
2895:Donald Hill
2419:|last=
2223:|last=
1703:Buffer tank
1625:parish pump
1614:water wells
1388:smallholder
1294:tip channel
1017:chain pumps
988:to pumping
948:pump ripple
900:peristalsis
895:restitution
844:Thunderbolt
651:Piston pump
590:Piston pump
465:Screw pumps
442:Advantages:
418:chain pumps
410:Linear-type
364:Rotary-type
329:centrifugal
253:, or other
247:molten salt
219:Vacuum pump
208:centrifugal
200:steam pumps
107:natural gas
103:pumping oil
44:Hengsteysee
3686:Categories
3604:Automobile
3566:Transistor
3480:Jet engine
3452:Pantograph
3145:dated 1997
3127:25 January
3086:25 January
3008:2017-08-18
2981:2010-11-22
2742:. 02 / #02
2692:2021-07-21
2681:: 95–111.
2649:2017-08-18
2539:2018-01-03
2402:2018-01-03
2367:2019-12-20
2338:2019-12-20
2291:2019-12-20
2206:2018-01-03
2176:2019-03-27
2151:2018-01-03
2126:2017-08-18
2069:References
2033:Part of a
1990:Efficiency
1723:horsepower
1606:Bangladesh
1594:Irrigation
1379:'s or the
1363:Steam pump
1274:turbulence
1266:peripheral
745:screw pump
739:Screw pump
733:Screw pump
725:Screw pump
693: pump
661:Screw pump
551:hand pumps
514:See also:
459:Gear pumps
448:Drawbacks:
414:rope pumps
372:screw pump
217:See also:
212:axial-flow
157:biomimicry
40:waterworks
3581:Capacitor
3543:Propeller
2411:cite news
1961:ρ
1930:Δ
1915:Δ
1885:−
1855:Δ
1806:η
1796:Δ
1729:, outlet
1707:slug flow
1637:John Snow
1598:the Gumti
1585:, c. 1450
1581:pump, by
1569:, c. 1206
1567:Al-Jazari
1565:pump, by
1553:Hand pump
1506:systems,
1496:watermill
1485:additives
1371:and also
1011:Rope pump
997:Rope pump
963:mud pumps
812:pulsation
807:lobe pump
712:Gear pump
706:Gear pump
698:Gear pump
686:Rope pump
666:Gear pump
559:inflation
536:(two) or
376:lobe pump
368:gear pump
311:internals
309:Lobe pump
300:internals
298:Lobe pump
169:submerged
138:two-stage
97:, in the
85:, in the
46:, Germany
42:near the
3596:Vehicles
3586:Inductor
3576:Resistor
3515:Aerofoil
3505:Windmill
3444:Linkages
3257:Machines
3044:Archived
3025:Archived
2902:Archived
2851:Archived
2808:30 April
2778:30 April
2746:30 April
2719:30 April
2612:Archived
2556:Archived
2517:Archived
2215:cite web
1731:pressure
1492:windmill
1481:gasoline
1375:such as
1290:stripper
1270:traction
1256:friction
1112:impeller
1110:uses an
972:fracking
965:to pump
891:occludes
613:solenoid
487:concrete
275:in many
173:external
83:aeration
64:slurries
3664:Springs
3467:Turbine
3141:Shell,
2933:16 July
2483:May 14,
1980:turbine
1735:suction
1602:Comilla
1583:Taccola
1529:priming
1241:⁄
875:rollers
538:triplex
526:simplex
153:evolved
56:liquids
3533:Rudder
3373:Trompe
3308:Clocks
3283:Pulley
3202:
3182:
3167:
2958:
2592:
1984:siphon
1579:piston
1563:piston
1512:sewage
1353:. The
1344:syphon
1278:vortex
883:wipers
534:duplex
349:safety
273:solder
3692:Pumps
3625:Robot
3620:Mecha
3571:Diode
3345:pumps
3293:Wedge
3288:Screw
3278:Lever
2768:(PDF)
2671:(PDF)
2643:(PDF)
2632:(PDF)
2572:2014.
2120:(PDF)
2113:(PDF)
2061:, or
1276:, or
1040:pumps
986:bunds
887:rotor
881:, or
879:shoes
251:brine
163:Types
89:for
60:gases
3538:Flap
3528:Wing
3523:Sail
3368:Pump
3343:and
3200:ISBN
3180:ISBN
3165:ISBN
3129:2021
3088:2021
2956:ISBN
2935:2008
2832:2022
2810:2021
2780:2021
2748:2021
2721:2021
2590:ISBN
2485:2016
2423:help
2227:help
1831:and
1483:and
1347:and
1252:drag
530:quad
416:and
403:and
210:and
202:and
125:and
105:and
101:for
93:and
79:pond
52:pump
2892:cf.
2683:doi
2245:PSG
1494:or
842:'s
831:on
237:An
140:or
58:or
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1948:t
1945:a
1942:t
1939:s
1934:p
1924:+
1921:g
1918:z
1912:+
1907:2
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1898:2
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1861:=
1858:p
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