525:
517:
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414:, which was formed in April 1916, under the command of Major (later Brigadier-General) Thomas Higgins. As the enemy threat moved from airships to aircraft, better aircraft were introduced to counter them. The BE12, Sopwith 1½ Strutter, Sopwith Pup, FE2, Bristol Fighter, SE5a and Sopwith Camel all operated from Sutton's Farm at some stage, some with more success than others. 39 Squadron moved to North Weald in September 1917 and was replaced by 78 Squadron, under the command of Major Cuthbert Rowden, a 20-year-old veteran of the air war in France and subsequent winner of the
28:
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never to squadrons serving overseas. On his return to Sutton's Farm, William Leefe
Robinson's CO ordered him to keep quiet about it as it was thought the propaganda value for the enemy would be invaluable should it leak out, even though the Germans had already broken the terms of the convention by using gas in 1915. Later in the war the use of incendiary ammunition became officially recognised.
376:
605:. In the programme, several of the defences were examined. One of the Tett Turrets was excavated, the backfill of which contained a pair of 1940 RAF pilot's goggles along with material from the hospital. The fire trench, a partially buried pillbox and an E pen were excavated, while the gun emplacement on the northern end of the site was cleared of vegetation.
712:
Paddy Byrne were placed under arrest upon their return to
Hornchurch. Freeborn had been the squadron adjutant and had distributed orders that single engined aircraft should not be engaged as it was assumed that enemy fighters would not have the fuel to be able to fly a return sortie from Germany and,
648:
Although
Robinson was awarded the Victoria Cross for shooting down Schütte-Lanz SL11 in 1916, it wasn't celebrated in all quarters, particularly by serving pilots in France. Home Defence was viewed as a relatively easy role and Robinson had trouble earning the respect of his fellow pilots when he was
456:
Following the decision in the early 1920s to expand the Royal Air Force, former First World War airfields were inspected to ascertain their suitability for use. Although small, Suttons Farm was ideally located to be able to defend the north-eastern approaches to London. After protracted negotiations,
425:
on the very day he arrived at Sutton's Farm, 13 October 1915. The attack had to be aborted as the airship disappeared into the cloud and he had to break off the engagement. The first victory in
Britain was not recorded until nearly a year later, on 2 September 1916 and was attributed to a pilot from
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for their roles in the destruction of
Zeppelins. Tempest's actions were particularly notable; even though his fuel pump was broken and he had to pump fuel manually whilst flying the aircraft with his other hand, he still managed to engage and destroy an enemy airship and then find his way home in
52:
662:
Although effective in destroying enemy airships, the use of incendiary ammunition was banned under the terms of the Hague
Convention of 1899 and pilots using it had to have signed orders from their commanding officer. This type of ammunition was issued only to squadrons in Home Defence roles and
452:
Soon after the war ended it was decided that
Suttons Farm was surplus to requirements and the airfield was decommissioned, although it was retained on "List C" (stations temporarily retained for Service purposes) until 27 February 1920. The land was returned, most of the buildings demolished and
653:
shortly after arriving in France. The awarding of the VC was, undoubtedly, partly politically motivated, although it must be remembered that any form of flying was inherently dangerous in 1916, particularly at night and at these tremendous heights without oxygen. Robinson also managed to
460:
The new airfield took four years to build and opened, as RAF Sutton's Farm, in April 1928. Two months later the name was changed to RAF Hornchurch and the first unit to take up residency was No. 111 Squadron, led by
Squadron Leader Keith Park, who also became the first station commander.
698:. Further aircraft from North Weald were scrambled to intercept their comrades, but they too were misidentified through a combination of miscommunication, inexperience and over-enthusiasm. A tragic, but inevitable mistake was now just minutes away; Spitfires from 74 Squadron, led by
633:
716:
A court-martial was held on 7 October 1939, at which, Freeborn later claimed, that Malan said he never gave the order to attack. All three were acquitted, with the judge claiming that the case should never have been brought to trial. The proceedings have never been made public.
438:
mixed incendiary ammunition, which had been adapted for this task. For this action Leefe
Robinson was awarded the Victoria Cross and became a National hero. Two other Sutton's Farm pilots from the First World War, Lt. Frederick Sowrey and Lt. Wulstan Tempest, were awarded the
3366:
504:
A balloon unit was retained until closure for parachute training of military personnel, when on the 14 May 1961, CSM Albert E. Small of 10 Para Regt (TA), who was a balloon cage dispatcher, won the George Medal for gallantry due to a deflating balloon at 800 ft.
560:
Square). The former
Officers' Mess is now a medical centre in Astra Close. The Officers' Mess (Astra House), Officers' Quarters (Astra Court East, West & North) and WO Quarters (89–99 (odd numbers) Wood Lane) are included in the RAF Hornchurch Conservation Area.
364:
350:
Although the airfield closed shortly after the end of the war, the land was requisitioned in 1923 because of the expansion of the Royal Air Force and it re-opened as a much larger fighter station in 1928. The airfield was ideal to cover both London and the
608:
The Good Intent pub, formerly with a large concrete, planetarium-like dome next door (used for training airgunners), still exists on the Southend Road, was popular with the aircrews, and has an interesting collection of photos of the Station.
395:(LADA) was established and airfields were built around London to defend the capital from the growing threat from German airships. Sutton's Farm, along with its neighbour Hainault Farm (just east of what became the Second World War airfield of
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incorrectly identified a friendly aircraft crossing the Essex coast. A message was relayed to HQ 11 Group, which ordered Hurricanes from North Weald to investigate. They were subsequently misidentified as hostile aircraft themselves by the
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in England, still exist within the boundaries of the former airfield and can be seen on the Eastern edge of the country park. RAF Hornchurch artefacts and memorabilia are housed in the Purfleet Heritage & Military Centre.
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399:), 8 miles (12.9 km) to the north-east, were selected due to their location covering the eastern approaches to London. They were named Landing Grounds Nos. II and III respectively and joined the existing airfields of
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1648:
497:, author of "The Last Enemy," was shot down after taking off from here on 3 September 1940. Following the war, Hornchurch was home to Flying Training Command's Aircrew Selection Centre for 10 years before it moved to
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1947:
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2002:
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1973:
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584:, flying with the Royal Air Force at the time, had an engine failure on take-off and stayed at his controls to ensure his aircraft didn't crash on the building, which was full of children at the time.
3211:
4655:
708:
Montague Hulton-Harrop was killed whilst the other pilot, Pilot Officer Tommy Rose, bailed out and landed safely. The two pilots responsible for the attack, Pilot Officer John Freeborn and
624:, later St Georges Hospital. The hospital was commandeered by the Air Ministry for use by RAF personnel during the Second World War. An official opening event was held on 23 September 2021.
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2705:
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2109:
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The RAF Hornchurch Heritage Centre was opened in June 2021 by the Hornchurch Aerodrome Historical Trust. It opened in Suttons House on Suttons Lane, on the grounds of the former
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2414:
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The first aircraft to be shot down by the British in the Second World War, the circumstances surrounding which later came to be known as 'friendly fire' incidents, were two
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343:, when it occupied 90 acres (360,000 m) of the farm of the same name. It was used for the protection of London, being 14 miles (22.5 km) east north-east of
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1049:
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1254:
894:
572:, and a large monument to this effect, with wreaths placed on Remembrance Day, is within the school railings. Another local school (Suttons School) was renamed
4277:
3834:
Hornchurch Scramble: The Definitive Account of the RAF Fighter Airfield, Its Pilots, Groundcrew and Staff. Volume One: 1915 to the End of the Battle of Britain
1528:
1509:
1489:
1068:
932:
1566:
1297:
1216:
836:
592:
3819:
Hornchurch Offensive: The Definitive Account of the RAF Fighter Airfield, its Pilots, Groundcrew and Staff. Volume Two: 1941 to the Airfield's Final Closure
4013:
540:, were levelled in the 1960s and the area is now a housing estate. The names of the streets of the estate commemorate the airfield and its pilots (such as
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4023:
3012:
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4069:
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779:
4229:
4018:
855:
817:
103:
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Dates refer to the period Hornchurch was the squadron's base station and does not include rest periods and short postings to other airfields
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single-handedly lift the spirit of a nation that had suffered the new terror of aerial bombardment from the apparently invincible airships.
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Following a period of gravel extraction and infilling with rubbish in the 1970s, the airfield was extensively landscaped to create
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corridor from German air attacks. It was a key air force installation between both wars and into the jet age, closing in 1962.
56:
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3548:
3396:
3200:
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4407:
4038:
4003:
3970:
4583:
4501:
3903:
3725:
RAF Squadrons: A comprehensive record of the movement and equipment of all RAF squadrons and their antecedents since 1912
3495:
3080:
3075:
536:, with work commencing in 1980. Most of the former administrative and technical areas, including the two Type-A and one
421:
The first recorded interception of an enemy airship over Britain was made by Lt. (later Marshal of the Royal Air Force)
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4059:
3993:
2974:
241:
435:
4588:
4430:
4397:
4359:
4028:
759:
3665:
Combat Codes: A full explanation and listing of British, Commonwealth and Allied air force unit codes since 1938
4425:
4162:
3998:
3244:
3035:
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and Joyce Green. Suttons Farm airfield became operational on 3 October 1915, initially with two BE2c aircraft.
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4234:
4177:
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3511:
3491:
Conversion from Blenheim to Beaufighter commenced in September 1940 and was completed in early 1941. Source:
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subsequently posted to France. These views were compounded when Robinson was shot down by an aircraft led by
493:) was unpopular with the Hornchurch crews sent there from time to time because of the canvas accommodation.
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the original land was re-purchased, together with some further land to the south of the original airfield.
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thick fog. These pilots, together with many others, are commemorated by street names in South Hornchurch.
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4241:
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2687:
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As the number of aircraft increased at the airfields around London, it was decided to organise them into
3804:
Hornchurch Eagles: The Life Stories of Eight of the Airfield's Distinguished World War II Fighter Pilots
4675:
4670:
4182:
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3849:
Second To None: A Pictorial History of Hornchuch Aerodrome through Two World Wars and Beyond, 1915–1962
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2408:
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418:. 78 Squadron was later joined by 189 Night Fighter Training Squadron with Sopwith Pups and Camels.
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1946:
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2001:
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549:
400:
261:
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277:
8:
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3878:
3740:
On a Wing and a Prayer: The Untold Story of the Pioneering Aviation Heroes of World War I
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2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
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2797:
2593:
2511:
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1937:
1813:
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1022:
685:. On 6 September 1939, three days after the declaration of war, a searchlight battery on
682:
621:
601:
516:
478:
411:
183:
27:
4619:
702:, took off from Hornchurch and quickly engaged two Hurricanes, shooting them both down.
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1993:
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2984:
2494:
2201:
2009:
1392:
612:
A DVD about RAF Hornchurch was produced by Mike Jones for Streets Ahead Productions.
482:
3908:
4137:
4132:
2483:
2292:
2173:
1980:
1189:
874:
678:
591:, command bunkers and gun positions, together with the largest number of surviving
335:
in Greater London), located to the southeast of Romford. The airfield was known as
4267:
4117:
3961:
3499:
3336:
2989:
2979:
2372:
1954:
1793:
1007:
494:
384:
324:
173:
431:
4516:
4511:
4506:
3753:
Quill, Jeffrey. "Spitfire: a Test Pilot's Story". Air Data Publications, 1996.
2782:
2582:
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709:
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545:
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415:
380:
3492:
4639:
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2330:
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2044:
1924:
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1839:
1727:
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705:
686:
599:
RAF Hornchurch was the subject of one of the programmes in the BBC TV series
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537:
344:
118:
105:
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2681:
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2146:
1804:
1412:
699:
557:
490:
470:
422:
352:
159:
3776:. London: Macdonald and Jane's (Publishers) ltd., 1976, (Reprinted 1978).
4604:
998:
340:
237:
3347:
Ralph Barker, A Brief History of the Royal Flying Corps in World War One
1930:
1899:
1775:
964:
691:
588:
328:
51:
37:
481:'s 11 Group, covering London and the south east of England during the
4456:
3893:
1609:
During its relatively short life, RAF Hornchurch became home to many
3789:"First Things First": RAF Hornchurch and RAF Suttons Farm, 1915–1962
3925:
695:
245:
3930:
3695:
The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force & Commonwealth, 1918–1988
3408:
Smith, Richard C. Hornchurch Scramble, London: Grub Street, 2000.
632:
486:
396:
3464:
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press
3139:
4656:
Royal Air Force stations of World War II in the United Kingdom
371:
similar to those that flew from Sutton's Farm in 1915 and 1916
3873:
1269:
520:
Astra House, the former Officers Mess, now a doctors' surgery
41:
3697:. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd., 1988.
1208:
3864:
Grant, Andy: romfordrecorder.co.uk: CSM Albert E Small GM
3601:
Aviation Enthusiasts' Guide To London & The South-East
713:
therefore, any single engined aircraft would be friendly.
434:, one of a 16-strong raiding force over London, using new
3899:
Google Community map showing location of airfield remains
363:
3541:
A Brief History of the Royal Flying Corps in World War I
489:, and a satellite station (an advanced attack outpost;
2792:
The following squadrons were also here at some point:
636:
Contemporary postcard illustrating the destruction of
3121:
3791:. Romford, Essex, UK: Ian Henry Publications, 1992.
3245:"East London's new military museum – RAF Hornchurch"
1100:
Chief, British Military Air Mission to Marshal Tito
3915:
Aerial View of the airfield today (various formats)
3727:. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife, 1988, 2nd edition 2001.
1898:Sqn Ldrs HRL 'Robin' Hood DFC, Robert Lister &
508:The RAF station at Hornchurch closed in July 1962.
2970:No. 11 Group Anti-Aircraft Co-operation Flight RAF
2965:No. 1 Civilian Anti-Aircraft Co-operation Unit RAF
978:AOC No 11 Gp, C in C, Air Command South East Asia
3297:"RAF Hornchurch Heritage Centre officially opens"
615:
576:in 1973, after an American pilot, Flying Officer
568:School, was named after the man who designed the
485:in 1940. By this time, its command centre was in
4637:
16:Former Royal Air Force station in Essex, England
3774:Fighter Squadrons of the RAF and their aircraft
657:
3603:, Cambridge, UK: Patrick Stephens Ltd., 1982.
3573:. Cambridge, UK: Patrick Stephens Ltd., 1979.
2933:No. 504 (County of Nottingham) Squadron RAuxAF
666:
528:Astra Court East, the former Officers Quarters
4472:
3946:
3569:Bowyer, Michael J.F. and Rawlings, John D.R.
3391:Bishop, Patrick. Fighter Boys. Harper, 2003.
2898:No. 340 (GC IV/2 'IIe de France) Squadron RAF
1062:Returned 06/10/39 as Group Captain Nicholas
2555:No. 603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron RAuxAF
1182:Commonwealth Air Forces of Occupation Japan
4568:List of aircraft of the Royal Flying Corps
4479:
4465:
3953:
3939:
3761:. (Republished by Crécy Publishing, 1998.
3320:Joshua Levine, On a Wing and a Prayer p290
3271:"Museum dedicated to RAF Hornchurch opens"
3041:No. 4012 Anti-Aircraft Flight RAF Regiment
3017:No. 412 (Polish) Repair & Salvage Unit
4661:History of the London Borough of Havering
3452:Who Was Who 2008, Oxford University Press
3242:
2943:No. 611 (West Lancashire) Squadron RAuxAF
643:
3851:. London: Grub Street Publishing, 2004.
3836:. London: Grub Street Publishing, 2000.
3821:. London: Grub Street Publishing, 2001.
3806:. London: Grub Street Publishing, 2002.
3644:
3482:Wartime identification shown in brackets
3127:
3026:No. 1959 Air Observation Post Flight RAF
2737:
2659:
2597:
2472:
2469:No. 600 (City of London) Squadron RAuxAF
2344:
1941:
1817:
631:
523:
515:
387:, both of whom shot down enemy airships.
374:
362:
3516:Airfields of Britain Conservation Trust
3086:List of former Royal Air Force stations
2863:No. 154 (Motor Industries) Squadron RAF
4638:
4486:
4324:Commandant-General of the RAF Regiment
3584:Cole, Christopher and Cheeseman, E.F.
3460:
3458:
3448:
3446:
3444:
3294:
3268:
1291:Assistant Chief of Air Staff (Policy)
1229:Commandant School of Land/Air Warfare
76:
4460:
4247:List of equipment of the RAF Regiment
3934:
3874:Hornchurch Aerodrome Historical Trust
3586:The Air Defence of Britain, 1914–1918
3478:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3193:The Air Defence of Britain, 1914–1918
3191:Christopher Cole and E.F. Cheeseman,
2858:No. 132 (City of Bombay) Squadron RAF
888:AOC in Chief Flying Training Command
720:
4441:
3647:RAF Fighter Airfields of World War 2
3504:
2994:No. 33 Personnel Despatch Centre RAF
2522:No. 264 (Madras Presidency) Squadron
4148:Princess Mary's RAF Nursing Service
3960:
3904:Aerial View of the airfield in 1947
3455:
3441:
3081:List of Battle of Britain squadrons
3076:List of Battle of Britain airfields
3048:Aviation Candidates Selection Board
464:
13:
4646:Royal Air Force stations in London
4388:Combined Cadet Force (RAF section)
3879:The RAF Hornchurch Project website
3663:Flintham, Vic and Thomas, Andrew.
3467:
3295:Ferris, Mick (23 September 2021).
3182:Robinson's official post-op report
3105:
2283:
2255:
2192:
2164:
2137:
2000:
1971:
1945:
1784:
1753:
1718:
1683:
1646:
1248:AOC, RAAF Land/Air Warfare School
447:
215:3 October 1915 – 31 December 1919,
14:
4692:
4651:Royal Air Force stations in Essex
3867:
3667:. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife, 2003.
3633:. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife, 1994.
3269:Corner, Sam (23 September 2021).
3243:Mansfield, Ian (19 August 2021).
3151:Worcestershire Regimental history
3059:Officers Advanced Training School
2868:No. 167 (Gold Coast) Squadron RAF
544:Walk, Kirton Close, Tempest Way,
4620:Imperial German Army Air Service
4535:
4440:
4304:Assistant Chief of the Air Staff
3884:RAF Hornchurch Conservation Area
3769:and reprinted 2001, 2005, 2008).
3682:. London: Atlantic Books, 2006.
3330:Yale Law School: The Laws of War
3055:Home Counties Gliding Centre RAF
2985:No. 25 (Base Defence) Sector RAF
2975:No. 17 Reserve Flying School RAF
2843:No. 114 (Hong Kong) Squadron RAF
2838:No. 92 (East India) Squadron RAF
2764:
2741:
2698:
2663:
2628:
2601:
2562:
2529:
2504:
2476:
2440:
2407:
2379:
2348:
2312:
2220:
2102:
2078:
2054:
2026:
1906:
1877:
1849:
1821:
327:sector station in the parish of
242:European theatre of World War II
75:
68:
50:
26:
4398:RAF Centre of Aviation Medicine
4278:List of serving senior officers
3921:The R J Mitchell Primary School
3532:
3485:
3430:
3419:
3402:
3385:
3359:
3350:
3341:
3323:
3314:
3288:
3262:
3236:
2656:No. 313 (Czechoslovak) Squadron
1763:Armstrong Whitworth Siskin IIIA
1426:AOC in Chief Transport Command
3227:
3216:
3205:
3185:
3176:
3155:
3144:
3133:
3106:
3036:No. 2726 Squadron RAF Regiment
3031:No. 2718 Squadron RAF Regiment
2990:No. 25 (Base) Defence Wing RAF
2908:No. 350 (Belgian) Squadron RAF
2903:No. 349 (Belgian) Squadron RAF
627:
616:RAF Hornchurch Heritage Centre
1:
3909:Ordnance Survey map from 1945
3543:. Robinson Publishing, 2002.
3091:
2853:No. 129 (Mysore) Squadron RAF
1656:Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2c
369:Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2c
4666:Royal Flying Corps airfields
4625:Anti-aircraft Warfare in WWI
4552:Royal Flying Corps airfields
3886:– London Borough of Havering
3649:. UK: Ian Allan Publishing.
3223:London Gazette, 2 March 1920
3115:
2558:
2525:
2436:
2308:
2280:
2252:
2216:
2188:
2161:
2134:
2131:No. 65 (East India) Squadron
1781:
1750:
1715:
1680:
1643:
1604:
658:Use of incendiary ammunition
7:
4584:Royal Flying Corps generals
4173:RAF Mountain Rescue Service
4168:RAF Search and Rescue Force
3512:"Hornchurch (Suttons Farm)"
3064:
2609:Supermarine Spitfire Mk IIa
2433:No. 266 (Rhodesia) Squadron
2062:Supermarine Spitfire Mk IIa
1914:Supermarine Spitfire Mk IIa
1160:Duty Air Commodore HQ ADGB
667:The Battle of Barking Creek
453:farming resumed once more.
89:Shown within Greater London
10:
4697:
4329:Warrant Officer of the RAF
4024:Operational Training units
3710:Czechs in the RAF in Focus
3631:The Source Book of the RAF
3588:. Hungry Minds Inc, 1984.
3437:list of Station Commanders
3195:, 1984, Hungry Minds Inc,
3165:, p10, Grub Street, 2004,
3021:No. 614 Gliding School RAF
3008:No. 146 Gliding School RAF
3003:No. 142 Gliding School RAF
2772:Supermarine Spitfire Mk IX
2762:
2749:Supermarine Spitfire Mk Vc
2731:
2706:Supermarine Spitfire Mk Vc
2696:
2671:Supermarine Spitfire Mk Vb
2653:
2636:Supermarine Spitfire Mk Vb
2626:
2591:
2552:
2519:
2502:
2466:
2430:
2415:Supermarine Spitfire Mk IX
2405:
2387:Supermarine Spitfire Mk IX
2377:
2338:
2307:
2279:
2249:No. 74 (Trinidad) Squadron
2246:
2215:
2187:
2160:
2128:
2110:Supermarine Spitfire Mk Vb
2100:
2086:Supermarine Spitfire Mk Va
2076:
2052:
2024:
1998:
1969:
1935:
1904:
1875:
1847:
1811:
1780:
1744:
1709:
1674:
1637:
1582:
1563:
1544:
1525:
1506:
1503:AOC No 61 Group(Southern)
1486:
1467:
1448:
1429:
1409:
1406:AOC in Chief Home Command
1389:
1370:
1351:
1332:
1313:
1294:
1274:
1251:
1232:
1213:
1186:
1163:
1144:
1126:
1103:
1084:
1065:
1046:
1027:
1004:
981:
961:
948:
929:
910:
891:
871:
852:
833:
814:
795:
776:
756:
743:
670:
428:Lt. William Leefe Robinson
412:39 (Home Defence) Squadron
358:
333:London Borough of Havering
317:Royal Air Force Hornchurch
219:1 April 1928 – 1 July 1962
4597:
4576:
4560:
4544:
4533:
4494:
4421:
4373:
4337:
4291:
4273:List of notable personnel
4255:
4217:
4204:Royal Auxiliary Air Force
4196:
4108:
4078:
4070:Satellite Landing Grounds
4052:
3986:
3977:
3968:
3926:The Sanders Draper School
3233:Pollard & Oliver 2002
3051:Combined Selection Centre
2980:No. 20 (Fighter) Wing RAF
2734:No. 122 (Bombay) Squadron
2732:
2654:
2592:
2512:Bristol Beaufighter Mk 1F
2498:
2493:
2490:
2467:
2448:Supermarine Spitfire Mk I
2402:Sqn Ldr E J F Harrington
2356:Supermarine Spitfire Mk I
2339:
2320:Supermarine Spitfire Mk I
2247:
2228:Supermarine Spitfire Mk I
2129:
2034:Supermarine Spitfire Mk I
1936:
1885:Supermarine Spitfire Mk I
1872:Sqn Ldr HRL 'Robin' Hood
1857:Supermarine Spitfire Mk I
1844:Sqn Ldr HRL 'Robin' Hood
1829:Supermarine Spitfire Mk I
1812:
1745:
1630:
1624:
281:
276:
271:
267:
256:
251:
233:
211:
195:
190:
179:
165:
155:
150:
142:
134:
97:
63:
49:
35:
23:
4589:List of British WWI aces
4408:RAF Football Association
4309:Air Member for Personnel
4029:Schools / Training units
3890:Detailed historic record
3498:10 February 2008 at the
3096:
3045:Aircrew Selection Centre
2406:
2378:
2347:
2341:No. 222 (Natal) Squadron
2282:
2254:
2191:
2163:
2136:
2073:Sqn Ldr F.P.R. Dunworth
1783:
1752:
1717:
1682:
1645:
1627:
736:
733:
511:
4615:Royal Naval Air Service
4610:Aviation in World War I
4522:London Air Defence Area
4319:Air Member for Materiel
3680:Spitfire, The Biography
2570:Supermarine Spitfire Mk
2335:Sqn Ldr Donald Brookes
2304:Sqn Ldr Donald Brookes
2276:Sqn Ldr Donald Brookes
2049:Sqn Ldr James Leathart
1268:Director of Air Policy
673:Battle of Barking Creek
534:Hornchurch Country Park
430:. Robinson shot down a
393:London Air Defence Area
260:18 metres (59 ft)
138:Royal Air Force station
3571:Squadron Codes 1937–56
2953:765 Naval Air Squadron
2928:No. 485 Squadron RNZAF
2721:Sqn Ldr Karel Mrázek,
2686:Sqn Ldr Karel Mrázek,
2463:Sqn Ldr R L Wilkinson
2288:
2260:
2197:
2169:
2142:
2005:
1976:
1950:
1789:
1758:
1723:
1688:
1651:
651:Manfred von Richthofen
644:William Leefe Robinson
640:
529:
521:
388:
381:William Leefe Robinson
372:
4209:RAF Volunteer Reserve
3140:Rowden Family history
2923:No. 453 Squadron RAAF
2918:No. 411 Squadron RCAF
2913:No. 403 Squadron RCAF
2287:
2259:
2196:
2168:
2141:
2004:
1975:
1966:Sqn Ldr W E G Bryant
1949:
1788:
1757:
1722:
1687:
1650:
635:
574:Sanders Draper School
527:
519:
378:
366:
4242:List of RAF missiles
4225:List of RAF aircraft
4143:RAF Medical Services
4128:RAF Chaplains Branch
3772:Rawlings, John D.R.
3645:Falconer, J (1998).
2998:No. 135 Airfield RAF
2948:No. 661 Squadron RAF
2938:No. 567 Squadron RAF
2893:No. 287 Squadron RAF
2888:No. 278 Squadron RAF
2883:No. 274 Squadron RAF
2878:No. 239 Squadron RAF
2873:No. 229 Squadron RAF
2848:No. 116 Squadron RAF
2537:Boulton Paul Defiant
2499:Sqn Ldr David Clark
2243:Sqn Ldr A L Holland
2021:Sqn Ldr H M Pearson
1706:Maj Cuthbert Rowden
1207:, Managing Director
1190:Sir Harry Broadhurst
1001:Dec 1940 – Jun 1941
564:A local school, The
252:Airfield information
119:51.53861°N 0.20472°E
4403:RAF Benevolent Fund
4338:symbols and uniform
3971:Ministry of Defence
3678:Glancey, Jonathan.
3599:Cooksley, Peter G.
3335:16 May 2008 at the
2833:No. 81 Squadron RAF
2828:No. 80 Squadron RAF
2823:No. 66 Squadron RAF
2818:No. 51 Squadron RAF
2813:No. 46 Squadron RAF
2808:No. 23 Squadron RAF
2803:No. 19 Squadron RAF
2798:No. 13 Squadron RAF
1955:Bristol Bulldog IIA
1794:Bristol Bulldog IIA
1671:Maj Thomas Higgins
1634:Commanding Officer
622:Suttons Institution
602:Two Men in a Trench
479:RAF Fighter Command
229:(As RAF Hornchurch)
217:(As Sutton's Farm),
184:RAF Fighter Command
115: /
4488:Royal Flying Corps
4383:Air Training Corps
4299:Chief of Air Staff
4163:RAF Music Services
3847:Smith, Richard C.
3832:Smith, Richard C.
3817:Smith, Richard C.
3802:Smith, Richard C.
3712:. Red Kite, 2004.
2959:Additional units:
2289:
2261:
2198:
2170:
2143:
2006:
1977:
1951:
1790:
1759:
1724:
1689:
1652:
1278:F D S Scott-Malden
1188:Air Chief Marshal
1167:Sir Cecil Bouchier
997:Station Commander
963:Air Chief Marshal
721:Station commanders
641:
530:
522:
473:the station was a
389:
373:
282:Length and surface
180:Controlled by
170:Royal Flying Corps
4676:Defence of London
4671:Battle of Britain
4633:
4632:
4495:Command structure
4454:
4453:
4283:Personnel numbers
4178:RAF Marine Branch
4158:RAF ground trades
4104:
4103:
3748:978-0-00-726945-7
3742:. Collins, 2008.
3718:978-0-9538061-9-5
3693:Halley, James J.
3688:978-1-84354-528-6
3624:978-0-907579-82-3
3618:. Goodall, 1999.
3594:978-0-370-30538-7
3564:978-0-00-653204-0
3554:Bishop, Patrick.
3549:978-1-84119-470-7
3397:978-0-00-653204-0
3373:on 30 August 2009
3301:Yellow Advertiser
3201:978-0-370-30538-7
3161:Richard C Smith,
3071:Battle of Britain
2790:
2789:
2202:Gloster Gladiator
2097:Sqn Ldr R F Boyd
2010:Gloster Gladiator
1602:
1601:
1488:Air Vice Marshal
1276:Air Vice Marshal
1215:Air Vice Marshal
1165:Air Vice Marshal
1105:Air Vice-Marshal
1086:Air Vice-Marshal
1043:AOC No 223 Group
745:RFC SUTTONS FARM
679:Hawker Hurricanes
638:Schütte-Lanz SL11
483:Battle of Britain
436:Brock and Pomeroy
432:Schütte-Lanz SL11
331:, Essex (now the
319:, or more simply
314:
313:
310:
309:
124:51.53861; 0.20472
4688:
4539:
4481:
4474:
4467:
4458:
4457:
4444:
4443:
4374:associated civil
4138:RAF Legal Branch
4133:RAF Intelligence
4019:Conversion units
3984:
3983:
3955:
3948:
3941:
3932:
3931:
3917:
3738:Levine, Joshua.
3660:
3558:. Harper, 2003.
3527:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3508:
3502:
3489:
3483:
3480:
3465:
3462:
3453:
3450:
3439:
3434:
3428:
3426:The People's War
3423:
3417:
3406:
3400:
3389:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3378:
3369:. Archived from
3363:
3357:
3354:
3348:
3345:
3339:
3327:
3321:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3266:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3240:
3234:
3231:
3225:
3220:
3214:
3212:www.Multimap.com
3209:
3203:
3189:
3183:
3180:
3174:
3159:
3153:
3148:
3142:
3137:
3131:
3125:
3110:
3013:No. 160 Wing RAF
2768:
2745:
2702:
2667:
2632:
2605:
2566:
2533:
2508:
2484:Bristol Blenheim
2480:
2444:
2411:
2383:
2352:
2316:
2293:Gloster Gauntlet
2224:
2174:Gloster Gauntlet
2125:Sqn Ldr N Orton
2106:
2082:
2058:
2030:
1981:Gloster Gauntlet
1931:Donald O. Finlay
1910:
1881:
1853:
1825:
1747:No. 111 Squadron
1712:No. 189 Squadron
1616:
1615:
1411:Air Marshal Sir
1334:Squadron Leader
1315:Squadron Leader
1209:A V Roe & Co
1120:AOC Training HQ
1107:Sir Matthew Frew
1067:Squadron Leader
1006:Air Marshal Sir
873:Air Marshal Sir
773:AOC No 10 Group
725:
724:
582:) Sanders Draper
471:Second world War
465:Second World War
269:
268:
226:
224:
206:
204:
151:Site information
130:
129:
127:
126:
125:
120:
116:
113:
112:
111:
108:
79:
78:
72:
54:
45:
30:
21:
20:
4696:
4695:
4691:
4690:
4689:
4687:
4686:
4685:
4636:
4635:
4634:
4629:
4593:
4572:
4556:
4540:
4531:
4490:
4485:
4455:
4450:
4417:
4393:RAF Association
4375:
4369:
4365:Heraldic badges
4333:
4287:
4251:
4213:
4192:
4118:Air Force Board
4110:
4100:
4074:
4048:
3979:
3973:
3964:
3962:Royal Air Force
3959:
3913:
3870:
3862:
3657:
3614:Deere, Alan C.
3539:Barker, Ralph.
3535:
3530:
3520:
3518:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3500:Wayback Machine
3490:
3486:
3481:
3468:
3463:
3456:
3451:
3442:
3435:
3431:
3424:
3420:
3407:
3403:
3390:
3386:
3376:
3374:
3365:
3364:
3360:
3356:Great War Forum
3355:
3351:
3346:
3342:
3337:Wayback Machine
3328:
3324:
3319:
3315:
3305:
3303:
3293:
3289:
3279:
3277:
3267:
3263:
3253:
3251:
3241:
3237:
3232:
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3160:
3156:
3149:
3145:
3138:
3134:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3099:
3094:
3067:
3062:
2957:
2594:No. 64 Squadron
2373:John Hamar Hill
1938:No. 54 Squadron
1814:No. 41 Squadron
1741:Maj H S Powell
1677:No. 78 Squadron
1640:No. 39 Squadron
1622:Squadron codes
1607:
1584:Wing Commander
1565:Wing Commander
1546:Wing Commander
1508:Wing Commander
1372:Wing Commander
1353:Wing Commander
1296:Wing Commander
1023:Coastal Command
1008:Leonard Slatter
950:RAF HORNCHURCH
780:W C H Mansfield
723:
675:
669:
660:
646:
630:
618:
514:
499:RAF Biggin Hill
495:Richard Hillary
475:Sector Airfield
467:
450:
448:Inter-war years
426:Sutton's Farm,
385:Wulstan Tempest
383:(left) and Lt.
361:
341:First World War
325:Royal Air Force
244:
240:
238:First World War
228:
222:
220:
218:
216:
202:
200:
174:Royal Air Force
172:
123:
121:
117:
114:
109:
106:
104:
102:
101:
93:
92:
91:
90:
87:
86:
85:
84:
80:
59:
44:in England
36:
31:
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12:
11:
5:
4694:
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4678:
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4663:
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4237:
4232:
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4219:
4215:
4214:
4212:
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4206:
4200:
4198:
4197:reserve forces
4194:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4185:
4183:RAF Air Cadets
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
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3869:
3868:External links
3866:
3861:
3860:
3845:
3830:
3815:
3800:
3785:
3770:
3751:
3736:
3723:Jefford, C.G.
3721:
3708:Hurt, Zdenek.
3706:
3691:
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3163:Second To None
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2717:Church Stanton
2714:
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2695:
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2682:Church Stanton
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2017:
2015:
2012:
2007:
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1994:Cecil Bouchier
1990:
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1234:Air Commodore
1231:
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1219:
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1128:Group Captain
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710:Flying Officer
700:"Sailor" Malan
671:Main article:
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629:
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566:R. J. Mitchell
538:Type-C hangars
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416:Military Cross
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323:, is a former
321:RAF Hornchurch
312:
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47:
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33:
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25:
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3857:1-904010-78-4
3854:
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3846:
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3842:1-902304-62-4
3839:
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3827:1-902304-79-9
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3812:1-904010-00-8
3809:
3805:
3801:
3798:
3797:0-86025-498-4
3794:
3790:
3787:Smith, Eric.
3786:
3783:
3782:0-354-01028-X
3779:
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3767:0-947554-72-6
3764:
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3759:0-85979-093-2
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3367:"RAF Website"
3362:
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3168:
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3130:, p. 47.
3129:
3128:Falconer 1998
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769:
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760:T C R Higgins
757:
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749:
747:
744:
740:Later career
739:
730:
727:
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718:
714:
711:
707:
706:Pilot Officer
703:
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687:Mersea Island
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345:Charing Cross
342:
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337:Sutton's Farm
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57:Station badge
53:
48:
43:
39:
34:
29:
22:
19:
4292:appointments
4123:RAF Regiment
4109:branches and
4039:Glider units
3863:
3848:
3833:
3818:
3803:
3788:
3773:
3739:
3724:
3709:
3694:
3679:
3664:
3646:
3630:
3629:Delve, Ken.
3615:
3600:
3585:
3570:
3556:Fighter Boys
3555:
3540:
3533:Bibliography
3519:. Retrieved
3506:
3487:
3432:
3421:
3404:
3387:
3375:. Retrieved
3371:the original
3361:
3352:
3343:
3325:
3316:
3304:. Retrieved
3300:
3290:
3278:. Retrieved
3274:
3264:
3252:. Retrieved
3248:
3238:
3229:
3218:
3207:
3192:
3187:
3178:
3162:
3157:
3146:
3135:
3123:
3107:
3102:
2958:
2791:
2583:G.L. Denholm
2265:Hawker Demon
2147:Hawker Demon
1608:
1490:E J Corbally
1433:F C Sturgiss
1391:Air Marshal
1180:AOC British
1148:C H Nicholas
1050:C H Nicholas
856:W H D Acland
818:R G H Murray
715:
704:
676:
661:
647:
619:
611:
607:
600:
598:
593:Tett Turrets
587:A number of
586:
579:
563:
531:
507:
503:
491:RAF Rochford
468:
459:
455:
451:
423:John Slessor
420:
409:
391:In 1915 the
390:
349:
336:
320:
316:
315:
234:Battles/wars
191:Site history
160:Air Ministry
18:
4605:World War I
4598:World War I
4512:Second Wing
4268:Other ranks
4034:Ferry units
3493:RAF Website
3306:23 December
3280:23 December
3254:23 December
1667:North Weald
1548:C A R Crews
1393:D Macfadyen
1255:H L Maxwell
1031:E R Manning
999:Biggin Hill
875:P Babington
837:J C Halahan
731:Rank as CO
683:56 Squadron
628:Controversy
469:During the
401:North Weald
339:during the
306: Grass
298: Grass
290: Grass
212:In use
122: /
110:000°12′17″E
98:Coordinates
4681:Hornchurch
4640:Categories
4517:Fifth Wing
4507:First Wing
4413:RAF Museum
4188:Operations
4153:RAF Police
4111:components
4044:Misc units
3978:formations
3616:Nine Lives
3092:References
2783:Eastchurch
2367:Coltishall
2121:Castletown
1900:Don Finlay
1776:Keith Park
1738:Disbanded
1703:Disbanded
1625:Equipment
1452:H L Parker
1317:R S Davies
1236:A G Adnams
933:C J Truran
895:C R Rowden
799:A H Morton
692:Chain Home
329:Hornchurch
207:& 1928
107:51°32′19″N
38:Hornchurch
4577:Personnel
4545:Airfields
4527:Squadrons
4256:personnel
4218:equipment
4091:Squadrons
4009:Squadrons
3980:and units
3894:PastScape
3249:ianVisits
3116:Citations
2779:18/05/43
2776:03/10/42
2753:01/04/42
2713:08/06/42
2710:15/12/41
2678:08/06/42
2675:15/12/41
2647:Turnhouse
2643:28/03/43
2640:16/11/41
2620:Turnhouse
2616:16/05/41
2613:11/11/40
2574:27/08/40
2544:28/08/40
2541:22/08/40
2516:01/09/40
2491:15/09/40
2488:22/08/40
2459:Wittering
2455:21/08/40
2452:14/08/40
2422:04/04/44
2419:10/03/44
2394:30/12/43
2391:29/04/43
2363:11/11/40
2360:30/08/40
2331:Wittering
2327:14/08/40
2324:13/02/39
2269:21/09/36
2239:Turnhouse
2235:27/08/40
2232:21/03/39
2151:12/07/34
2117:17/11/41
2066:23/02/41
2045:Catterick
2041:03/09/40
2038:03/03/39
1959:15/01/30
1925:Catterick
1921:23/02/41
1918:24/10/40
1892:24/10/40
1889:03/09/40
1868:Catterick
1864:08/08/40
1861:26/07/40
1840:Catterick
1836:08/06/40
1833:28/05/40
1801:12/07/34
1767:01/04/28
1735:01/03/19
1700:31/12/19
1660:15/04/16
1619:Squadron
1605:Squadrons
1596:09/04/62
1593:30/10/57
1577:30/10/57
1574:09/05/55
1567:A N Jones
1558:09/05/55
1555:04/12/54
1539:04/12/54
1536:08/03/54
1529:W G Devas
1520:08/03/54
1517:18/01/54
1510:A J Hicks
1500:18/01/54
1497:21/07/53
1481:21/07/53
1478:02/07/51
1462:02/07/51
1459:02/04/51
1443:02/04/51
1440:12/10/48
1423:12/10/48
1420:17/12/47
1403:17/12/47
1400:28/07/47
1384:28/07/47
1381:03/12/46
1365:03/12/46
1362:14/07/46
1346:14/07/46
1343:01/12/44
1327:01/12/44
1324:20/04/44
1308:20/04/44
1305:06/02/44
1288:06/02/44
1285:28/10/43
1265:28/10/43
1262:20/07/43
1243:05/01/43
1224:14/05/42
1200:12/05/42
1197:20/12/40
1177:21/12/40
1174:20/12/39
1155:06/10/39
1137:27/07/38
1117:27/07/38
1114:02/04/37
1095:22/12/35
1088:A S G Lee
1079:22/12/35
1076:04/12/35
1057:22/07/33
1038:04/04/30
1018:01/04/30
1015:25/10/29
992:08/03/29
985:F O Soden
975:16/03/29
972:01/04/28
943:31/12/19
940:12/08/18
924:12/08/18
921:26/04/18
905:26/04/18
902:01/09/17
885:01/09/17
882:30/08/17
866:30/08/17
863:09/08/17
847:09/08/17
844:07/07/17
828:07/07/17
825:20/03/17
809:20/03/17
806:26/07/16
790:26/07/16
787:13/06/16
770:13/06/16
767:19/04/16
694:Radar at
589:pillboxes
578:Raimund (
278:Direction
257:Elevation
4561:Aircraft
4502:Brigades
4431:timeline
4355:Roundels
4079:Regiment
4053:stations
3994:Commands
3521:22 April
3496:Archived
3377:13 April
3333:Archived
3065:See also
2738:WM (MT)
2598:XQ (SH)
2581:Sqn Ldr
2547:Duxford
2398:Woodvale
2371:Sqn Ldr
1992:Sqn Ldr
1942:DL (KL)
1929:Sqn Ldr
1805:Northolt
1774:Sqn Ldr
1475:Gp Capt
1456:Gp Capt
1437:Gp Capt
1374:S H Page
1340:Sqn Ldr
1321:Sqn Ldr
1302:Sqn Ldr
1259:Gp Capt
1240:Gp Capt
1221:Gp Capt
1217:C G Lott
1152:Gp Capt
1069:W V Hyde
1012:Sqn Ldr
989:Sqn Ldr
969:Sqn Ldr
696:Canewdon
570:Spitfire
556:Way and
546:Robinson
542:Bouchier
405:Rochford
246:Cold War
166:Operator
4446:commons
4426:history
4360:Uniform
4230:current
4096:Flights
4014:Flights
2495:Redhill
2425:Selsey
2309:JH, ZP
2217:FZ, YT
1590:Wg Cdr
1571:Wg Cdr
1552:Wg Cdr
1533:Wg Cdr
1514:Wg Cdr
1494:A/Cdre
1417:A/Cdre
1413:A McKee
1397:A/Cdre
1378:Wg Cdr
1359:Wg Cdr
1355:G W Day
1282:Wg Cdr
1194:Wg Cdr
1171:Wg Cdr
1134:Wg Cdr
1111:Wg Cdr
1092:Wg Cdr
1073:Wg Cdr
1054:Wg Cdr
1035:Wg Cdr
914:G Allen
548:Close,
487:Romford
397:Fairlop
359:History
272:Runways
221: (
201: (
186:1928–44
4436:future
4345:Ensign
4235:future
4065:Former
4060:Active
3999:Groups
3855:
3840:
3825:
3810:
3795:
3780:
3765:
3757:
3746:
3731:
3716:
3701:
3686:
3671:
3653:
3637:
3622:
3607:
3592:
3577:
3562:
3547:
3412:
3395:
3199:
3169:
2297:04/37
2206:04/37
2178:09/36
2114:07/41
2090:05/41
2014:05/37
1985:09/36
1798:01/31
1697:09/17
1663:09/17
937:Major
931:Major
918:Major
912:Major
899:Major
893:Major
879:Major
860:Major
854:Major
841:Major
835:Major
822:Major
816:Major
803:Major
797:Major
784:Major
778:Major
764:Major
580:Smudge
552:Road,
353:Thames
4350:Badge
4086:Wings
4004:Wings
3987:units
3097:Notes
1732:4/18
1628:From
1270:SHAPE
734:From
728:Name
558:Malan
554:Bader
512:Today
303:10/28
295:12/30
287:02/20
196:Built
156:Owner
42:Essex
3853:ISBN
3838:ISBN
3823:ISBN
3808:ISBN
3793:ISBN
3778:ISBN
3763:ISBN
3755:ISBN
3744:ISBN
3729:ISBN
3714:ISBN
3699:ISBN
3684:ISBN
3669:ISBN
3651:ISBN
3635:ISBN
3620:ISBN
3605:ISBN
3590:ISBN
3575:ISBN
3560:ISBN
3545:ISBN
3523:2022
3410:ISBN
3393:ISBN
3379:2019
3308:2023
3282:2023
3256:2023
3197:ISBN
3167:ISBN
1895:N/A
1203:AOC
1122:SAAF
1021:AOC
550:Tuck
379:Lt.
262:AMSL
223:1962
203:1915
199:1915
143:Code
135:Type
3892:at
2727:DFC
2723:DSO
2692:DFC
2688:DSO
2660:RY
2587:DFC
2559:XT
2526:PS
2473:BQ
2437:UO
2345:ZD
2189:FZ
1818:EB
1631:To
737:To
681:of
477:of
441:DSO
4642::
3514:.
3469:^
3457:^
3443:^
3299:.
3273:.
3247:.
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3690:.
3675:.
3659:.
3641:.
3626:.
3611:.
3596:.
3581:.
3566:.
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3258:.
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3103:a
227:,
225:)
205:)
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