394:
326:
402:
410:
334:
314:
386:
148:
174:
217:
initially called the
Mazhabi & Ramdasia Sikh Regiment. Despite unwillingness among some policy makers, the British had to abandon their traditional distinction between martial and non-martial races during the Second World War. This was necessitated by the need for more recruits than could be supplied by those communities upon which they usually relied, such as the Jat Sikhs,
225:. In addition, indiscipline among Jat Sikhs caused by their concerns regarding a post-war division of India was another reason to prefer recruitment of new classes. While recruitment from the pre-war martial classes was still pre-eminent, that from newly recognised classes such as the Ramdasias and Mazhabis became significant.
216:
regiment (SLI) after its formation in 1941. The Sikh Light
Infantry has always been a "single class" regiment in the parlance adopted from the British Raj era. This means that it recruits only from one demographic, which in this instance means the Ramdasia Sikhs and Mazhabi Sikhs. Indeed, the SLI was
381:
Ramdasia Sikh diaspora alongside
Ravidassia from doaba emigrated from India and Pakistan is significant. Emigration from the Punjab began before and after the 19th century, with many Ravidasia/Ramdasia Sikhs settling in Europe, and also a large Ravidasia/Ramdasia Sikhs population in North America
233:
When India became independent in 1947, the
British Indian Army became the Indian Army. This, like its predecessor, relies on the martial race theory for much of its recruitment and thus there is a grossly disproportionate number of Sikhs within its ranks. The Ramdasias Sikhs and Mazhabi Sikhs
373:. As of 2011, there were 212,032 Ramdasia in Jammu and Kashmir, comprising 209,512 Hindus, 2,486 Sikhs and 34 Buddhists, 2,429,137 lived in Haryana (2,390,403 Hindu, 37,191 Sikh and 1,543 Buddhists) and 458,838 resided in Himachal Pradesh (453,871 Hindu, 4,887 Sikh and 80 Buddhists)
155:
Ramdasia Sikhs are enlisted as scheduled caste by
Department of Social justice, Empowerment and Minorities- Government of Punjab. On Department's list of Scheduled Caste, this caste is listed on serial number 9 along with other Chamar caste synonymous such as Ravidasia,
357:
Chamar and 2,078,132 declared themselves as
Ramdasia/Ravidasia Chamar. According to this Census, during the same year the population of Sikh Ramdasia/Ravidasia and Hindu Ramdasia/Ravidasia in Punjab was 1,443,079 and 629,157 respectively.
290:, these Ramdasia were involved in Leather/Sports Goods Business. After migrating in Jalandhar they established their own Tanneries and Sports Goods manufacturing Units. For This purpose
2359:
337:
735:
1211:
234:
continued their service with the SLI in the new army. The SLI has served in almost all of the post-1947 conflicts involving India, including the wars with
Pakistan in
298:
and they follow Dera Swami
Gurdeep Giri ji, Pathankot. According to Department of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India Ramdasias are listed as
1966:
2352:
1880:
1784:
1712:
1662:
1587:
1612:
1526:
1451:
1764:"Religions and Development Research Programme New Forms of Religious Transnationalism and Development Initiatives: A Case Study of Dera Sant Sarwan"
2345:
1687:
2119:
2144:
1930:
1302:
2762:
1737:
3290:
1834:
939:
2190:
2505:
923:
896:
869:
840:
813:
692:
682:
1544:
3315:
362:
303:
294:
helped them by providing liberal loans and allotting sites for their
Factories Hindu Ramdasia's are staunch follower of
2215:
1405:
719:
361:
Most of the Hindu
Ramdasias (Counted along with other Chamar Caste Synonyms such as Ravidasia and Jatav) living in the
2018:
1993:
1078:
1054:
1030:
1006:
2316:
1354:
1138:
1128:
1112:
968:
382:
mainly in United States and the Canada. There is sizeable population of Ravidasia/Ramdasia Sikhs in Oceania as well.
958:
774:
3305:
1253:
3310:
1637:
1166:
1905:
1562:
1183:
2165:
2093:
2337:
201:
Pioneer Regiments – were expanded to comprise three battalions each. These units served in Egypt, Europe,
2068:
291:
2145:"History of ABAT: Ambedkarite Buddhist Association of Texas – Ambedkarite Buddhist Association of Texas"
1379:
3325:
1102:
3285:
2599:
994:
983:
762:
243:
239:
235:
3300:
1906:"SHRI GURU RAVIDASS COMMUNITY GLASGOW CIC overview - Find and update company information - GOV.UK"
1406:"AMRIT BANI RAVIDASSIA COMMUNITY CENTRE LTD people - Find and update company information - GOV.UK"
857:
247:
886:
3140:
830:
803:
105:
709:
393:
325:
1476:
1316:
1239:
1031:"SC-14 Scheduled Caste Population By Religious Community (States/UTs) – Jammu and Kashmir"
401:
8:
3295:
2563:
1079:"SC-14 Scheduled Caste Population By Religious Community (States/UTs) – Himachal Pradesh"
628:
409:
333:
213:
178:
1954:
1225:
1153:
1967:"What California's Ravidassia community believes and why they want caste bias outlawed"
1859:
1335:"Guru Ravidass Ji Temple Wolverhampton, UK | Guru Ravidass Ji Temple Wolverhampton, UK"
740:
313:
258:, where the 1st, 7th, 13th and 14th Battalions have contributed towards peace-keeping.
206:
198:
194:
190:
2241:
943:
385:
3320:
1134:
1108:
964:
919:
892:
865:
836:
809:
715:
688:
147:
3185:
3175:
3039:
3034:
3024:
2851:
2707:
2652:
2637:
2495:
2452:
2429:
2266:
684:
Combating Social Exclusion: Intersectionalities of Caste, Class, Gender and Regions
366:
307:
279:
80:
50:
1663:"SHRI GURU RAVIDASS CULTURAL ASSOCIATION OF ERITH AND BELVEDERE - Charity 1161771"
3145:
2961:
2767:
2657:
2487:
913:
251:
222:
1055:"SC-14 Scheduled Caste Population By Religious Community (States/UTs) – Haryana"
912:
Roy, Kaushik (2015). "Indian Society and the Soldier". In Pant, Harsh V. (ed.).
862:
Recruiting, Drafting, and Enlisting: Two Sides of the Raising of Military Forces
209:
and performed well. The 1/34th Sikh Pioneers were awarded the title of "Royal".
3264:
3102:
3064:
3006:
2981:
2901:
2782:
2712:
2702:
2672:
1007:"SC-14 Scheduled Caste Population By Religious Community (States/UTs) – Punjab"
189:
the single-battalion regiments of the Mazhabi and Ramdasia Sikh Pioneers – the
137:
84:
58:
3279:
3229:
2896:
2581:
2543:
1881:"SHRI GURU RAVIDASS SABHA AND WELFARE CULTURAL ASSOCIATION - Charity 1000629"
1197:
318:
295:
125:
1501:
376:
3254:
3097:
2971:
2936:
2916:
2818:
2538:
2419:
2372:
2368:
2367:
212:
The Ramdasia Sikhs, together with the Majhabi Sikhs, were recruited to the
132:
are also used inter changeably while these also have regional context. In
3165:
3125:
2717:
2553:
2467:
2462:
2424:
1809:
423:
Guru Ravidass Gurdwara (Nasinu Sikh Temple), Nasinu (Established in 1939)
202:
186:
120:
Ramdasia is a term used in general for Sikhs whose ancestors belonged to
2291:
353:
in the Indian state of Punjab, of whom 1,017,192 declared themselves as
2742:
2619:
2472:
2444:
778:
433:
Guru Ravidass Sikh Temple, Bombay Hills, Auckland (Established in 1991)
40:
1688:"RAVIDASSIA COMMUNITY CENTRE LETCHWORTH AND HITCHIN - Charity 1050939"
1257:
173:
3072:
2991:
2911:
2647:
2513:
832:
Army and Nation: The Military and Indian Democracy Since Independence
805:
Army and Nation: The Military and Indian Democracy Since Independence
643:
618:
449:
Guru Ravidas Gurdwara, Campbellfield, Melbourne (Established in 1996)
354:
283:
271:
255:
129:
1763:
1527:"SHRI GURU RAVIDASS CULTURAL ASSOCIATION DARLASTON - Charity 514570"
1167:"Punjabis in New Zealand: A History of Punjabi Migration, 1890-1940"
140:, largely Ramdasia is used while Ravidasia is predominantly used in
3224:
3092:
3082:
2951:
2941:
2931:
2886:
2831:
2777:
2722:
2662:
2380:
960:
Entrepreneurial Growth and Development Programmes in Northern India
915:
Handbook of Indian Defence Policy: Themes, Structures and Doctrines
653:
267:
36:
1588:"SHRI GURU RAVIDASS TEMPLE AND COMMUNITY CENTRE - Charity 1081483"
1545:"Guru Ravidass Community Centre on Community Directory Derbyshire"
1334:
995:
http://socialjustice.gov.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/Scan-0030.jpg
984:
http://socialjustice.gov.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/Scan-0006.jpg
763:
http://socialjustice.gov.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/Scan-0015.jpg
489:
Gurdwara Shri Guru Ravidass Maharaj Ji, Thornbury Street, Bradford
3193:
3077:
2921:
2866:
2826:
2697:
2573:
2523:
2477:
2388:
1430:
1303:"Handsworth Wood Girls School to be turned into community centre"
658:
648:
638:
370:
350:
287:
72:
32:
1613:"SHRI GURU RAVIDASS DHARMIK SABHA (WILLENHALL) - Charity 513849"
3259:
3244:
3239:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3135:
3120:
3112:
3044:
3029:
3001:
2986:
2976:
2966:
2956:
2926:
2906:
2891:
2881:
2876:
2861:
2856:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2810:
2800:
2792:
2732:
2727:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2642:
2627:
2609:
2591:
2548:
2533:
2528:
2518:
2414:
2396:
1835:"SHRI GURU RAVIDASS SANGAT LUTON BEDFORDSHIRE - Charity 275993"
623:
299:
218:
121:
109:
68:
439:
Gurdwara Begampura Sikh Temple, Papakura (Established in 2008)
181:
march past during the Republic day parade in New Delhi, India.
3249:
3234:
3219:
3214:
3198:
3130:
3054:
3049:
3016:
3011:
2996:
2946:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2737:
2632:
2604:
2434:
2406:
2376:
2043:
2019:"Gurdwara Guru Ravidass Sabha, Union City - World Gurudwaras"
1104:
British Untouchables: A Study of Dalit Identity and Education
888:
Phoenix from the Ashes: The Indian Army in the Burma Campaign
736:"Punjab's dalit conundrum: A look into Sikhs' caste identity"
633:
275:
157:
141:
133:
128:
who belongs to Chamar community. Both the words Ramdasia and
101:
76:
54:
2120:"New York City road intersection co-named after BR Ambedkar"
1713:"SHRI GURU RAVIDASS SABHA (NEWHAM-LONDON) - Charity 1083139"
1317:"Sikh temple to be demolished to make way for a replacement"
711:
British Untouchables A Study of Dalit Identity and Education
3170:
3087:
2871:
2772:
2667:
2457:
2317:"Guru Ravidass Community Centre Calgary - World Gurudwaras"
1738:"THE RAVIDASSIA COMMUNITY OF NORTHAMPTON - Charity 1138134"
97:
2191:"SRI GURU RAVIDASS SABHA BRAMPTON (CANADA) — Charity Data"
1130:
Sikhs in Europe: Migration, Identities and Representations
1785:"SHRI GURU RAVIDASS GURDWARA GRAVESEND - Charity 1127008"
1212:"Gold dome from India completes Hastings Ravidass temple"
516:
Shri Guru Ravidass Gurdwara and Community Centre- Hitchin
377:
Ramdasia Diaspora and Guru Ravidass Temples and Gurdwaras
1084:. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
1060:. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
1036:. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
1012:. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
1638:"Guru Ravidass Temple - Sikh Temple | Walsall Council"
1955:
https://ambedkartimes.com/AT-25-June%2028,%202023.pdf
1931:"SHRI GURU RAVIDAS MISSION(LONDON) - Charity 1084917"
1452:"SHRI GURU RAVIDASS SABHA, BRADFORD - Charity 517411"
1184:"Guru Ravidass Gurudwara - Nasinu - World Gurudwaras"
1154:
https://ambedkartimes.com/AT-25-June%2028,%202023.pdf
891:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 218–220, 236.
2166:"Guru Ravidas Sabha - Burlington - World Gurudwaras"
1278:
608:
Guru Ravidass Gurdwara and Community Centre, Calgary
486:
Shri Guru Ravidass Temple, Rebecca Street, Bradford
397:
Gurdwara Guru Ravidass Temple, Pittsburg, California
286:. Hindu Ramdasia migrated from Pakistan and back in
1563:"Shri Guru Ravidass Sabha Derby - World Gurudwaras"
676:
674:
525:
Dera Baba Gobind Dass, Guru Ravidass Sabha, Bilston
436:
Guru Ravidas Temple, Hastings (Established in 2007)
2216:"SHRI GURU RAVIDASS SABHA, ONTARIO — Charity Data"
1910:find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk
1410:find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk
471:Shri Guru Ravidass Community Centre, Wolverhampton
2094:"Guru Ravidass Temple Houston - World Gurudwaras"
950:
3277:
1355:"Shri Guru Ravidass Sabha Temple - Faith groups"
671:
556:Guru Ravidass Sikh Temple, Pittsburg, California
2069:"Guru Ravidass Temple Selma - World Gurudwaras"
1994:"24th annual Rio Linda Sikh Parade takes place"
465:Shri Guru Ravidass Community Centre, Handsworth
1935:register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk
1885:register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk
1839:register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk
1789:register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk
1742:register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk
1717:register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk
1692:register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk
1667:register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk
1617:register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk
1592:register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk
1531:register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk
1456:register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk
228:
2353:
477:Shri Guru Ravidass Community Centre, Coventry
1071:
1047:
1023:
999:
835:. Harvard University Press. pp. 39–41.
2292:"HOME - Shri Guru Ravidass Sabha Vancouver"
797:
795:
714:. Ashgate Publishing, Limited. p. iX.
537:Shri Guru Ravidass Gurdwara- Strood, Medway
519:Shri Guru Ravidass Gurdwara- Newham, London
498:Guru Ravidass Sabha Community Centre, Derby
108:of leather tanners and shoemakers known as
2360:
2346:
828:
801:
546:Shri Guru Ravidass Mission Temple, London
540:Shri Guru Ravidass Gurdwara - Southampton
504:Shri Guru Ravidass Sikh Temple, Leicester
329:Gurdwara Guru Ravidass Bhavan, Birmingham
1502:"Home | Sri Guru Ravidass Sabha-Bedford"
808:. Harvard University Press. p. 11.
792:
513:Shri Guru Ravidass Gurdwara - Erith Kent
468:Shri Guru Ravidass Temple, Wolverhampton
408:
400:
392:
384:
349:As of 2011 Census, there were 3,095,324
332:
324:
312:
172:
146:
124:caste. Originally they are followers of
1549:www.communitydirectoryderbyshire.org.uk
1431:"Shri Guru Ravidass Temple (Foleshill)"
884:
680:
528:Shri Guru Ravidass Gurdwara - Gravesend
405:Gurdwara Guru Ravidass Temple, Auckland
3278:
2239:
1761:
1164:
956:
707:
531:Shri Guru Ravi Dass Sabha - Letchworth
507:Shri Guru Ravidass Temple - Willenhall
501:Shri Guru Ravidass Sikh Temple - Derby
413:Gurdwara Guru Ravidass Sabha, Oostende
266:This sect of Ramdasia having faith in
2341:
2117:
1860:"Sri Guru Ravidass Ji Sabha – Medway"
1178:
1176:
855:
565:Guru Ravidass Sikh Temple, Union City
495:Shri Guru Ravidass Temple - Darlaston
492:Shri Guru Ravidass Gurdwara - Bedford
1991:
963:. Abhinav Publications. p. 67.
605:Guru Ravidass Sikh Temple, Vancouver
568:Guru Ravidass Sikh Temple, Yuba City
562:Guru Ravidass Sikh Temple, Rio linda
483:Shri Guru Ravidas Temple - Foleshill
459:Shri Guru Ravidas Bhavan, Birmingham
302:Caste on serial number 4 and 14 for
1254:"Shri Guru Ravidass Bhawan Website"
911:
599:Guru Ravidass Sikh Temple, Montreal
596:Guru Ravidas Temple, Ariss, Toronto
577:Guru Ravidass Sikh Temple, New York
510:Shri Guru Ravidass Temple - Walsall
474:Shri Guru Ravidas Temple - Coventry
462:Shri Guru Ravidass Temple, Southall
389:Shri Guru Ravidass Temple in the UK
163:
104:sub-group that originated from the
13:
2240:Spolia, Monika (1 November 2015).
1810:"Shri Guru Ravi Dass Sabha Temple"
1762:Singh, Gurharpal; Tatla, Darshan.
1279:"Shri Guru Ravi Dass Sabha Temple"
1173:
940:"Story of The Sikh Light Infantry"
728:
590:Guru Ravidass Gurdwara, Burlington
574:Guru Ravidass Sikh Temple, Houston
543:Shri Guru Ravidass Temple, Glasgow
480:Shri Guru Ravidass Temple, Hockley
321:, Nasinu, Fiji Established in 1939
151:List of Scheduled Castes in Punjab
14:
3337:
942:. The Sikh Review. Archived from
559:Guru Ravidass Sikh Temple, Fresno
534:Shri Guru Ravidass Bhavan - Luton
261:
2118:Staff, T. N. M. (28 June 2023).
1992:Hope, Brittany (11 March 2024).
1506:www.gururavidasssabhabedford.com
550:
522:Guru Ravidass Sabha, Northampton
2309:
2284:
2259:
2233:
2208:
2183:
2158:
2137:
2111:
2086:
2061:
2036:
2011:
1985:
1959:
1948:
1923:
1898:
1873:
1852:
1827:
1802:
1777:
1755:
1730:
1705:
1680:
1655:
1630:
1605:
1580:
1555:
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1519:
1494:
1469:
1444:
1423:
1398:
1372:
1347:
1327:
1309:
1295:
1271:
1246:
1232:
1226:"Shri Begampura Gurdwara Sahib"
1218:
1204:
1190:
1158:
1147:
1121:
1095:
988:
977:
932:
905:
580:Guru Ravidass Sabha, DFW, Texas
344:
3291:Social groups of Punjab, India
2267:"Welcome to ambedkartimes.com"
878:
849:
822:
767:
756:
701:
427:
168:
115:
1:
2242:"Greater Montreal Gurudwaras"
1380:"Ravidassia Community Centre"
918:. Routledge. pp. 66–67.
829:Wilkinson, Steven I. (2015).
802:Wilkinson, Steven I. (2015).
687:. Studera Press. p. 64.
681:Chander, Rajesh K I. (2019).
664:
602:Guru Ravidass Sabha, Edmonton
593:Guru Ravidass Sabha, Brampton
571:Guru Ravidass Gurdwara, Selma
2296:www.shrigururavidasssabha.ca
1107:. Ashgate Publishing. 2011.
777:. 2009-04-15. Archived from
443:
338:Gurdwara Guru Ravidass Sabha
270:and they mostly residing in
7:
2044:"Shri Guru Ravidass Temple"
957:Sharma, Krishan L. (1980).
860:. In Karsten, Peter (ed.).
612:
292:Government of Punjab, India
229:After independence of India
10:
3342:
3316:Nirguna worship traditions
1481:Guru Gobind Singh Gurdwara
1477:"Other Bradford Gurdwaras"
864:. Routledge. p. 170.
453:
252:Chinese aggression in 1962
3207:
3184:
3111:
3063:
2809:
2791:
2618:
2590:
2572:
2504:
2486:
2443:
2405:
2387:
1240:"Gurudwaras in Melbourne"
1133:. Routledge. April 2016.
858:"The Untouchable Soldier"
708:Ghuman, Paul (May 2011).
584:
64:
46:
28:
23:
885:Marston, Daniel (2003).
254:. It has also served in
2321:www.worldgurudwaras.com
2170:www.worldgurudwaras.com
2098:www.worldgurudwaras.com
2073:www.worldgurudwaras.com
2023:www.worldgurudwaras.com
1567:www.worldgurudwaras.com
856:Cohen, Stephen (2013).
417:
248:Hyderabad Police Action
3306:Bhakti-era Hindu sects
1384:Coventry City of Peace
1165:McLeod, W. H. (1986).
414:
406:
398:
390:
341:
330:
322:
182:
152:
3311:Contemporary Sant Mat
2271:www.ambedkartimes.com
1359:Coventry City Council
412:
404:
396:
388:
336:
328:
316:
176:
150:
96:were historically a
16:Dalit caste of India
1814:www.gururavidas.org
744:. 30 September 2021
629:Sikh Light Infantry
214:Sikh Light Infantry
179:Sikh Light Infantry
2220:www.charitydata.ca
2195:www.charitydata.ca
741:The Times of India
415:
407:
399:
391:
342:
331:
323:
183:
153:
3326:Dalit communities
3273:
3272:
2600:Gurjara-Pratihara
1642:go.walsall.gov.uk
1214:. 8 October 2023.
925:978-1-31738-009-2
898:978-0-27598-003-0
871:978-1-13566-150-2
842:978-0-67472-880-6
815:978-0-67472-880-6
694:978-93-85883-58-3
363:Jammu and Kashmir
304:Jammu and Kashmir
223:Punjabi Musalmans
90:
89:
3333:
3286:Sikh communities
2506:Scheduled Castes
2453:Yaduvanshi Ahirs
2362:
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2015:
2009:
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1989:
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1893:
1891:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1759:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1498:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1323:. 6 August 2023.
1313:
1307:
1306:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1289:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1256:. Archived from
1250:
1244:
1243:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1180:
1171:
1170:
1162:
1156:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1089:
1083:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1059:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1035:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1011:
1003:
997:
992:
986:
981:
975:
974:
954:
948:
947:
936:
930:
929:
909:
903:
902:
882:
876:
875:
853:
847:
846:
826:
820:
819:
799:
790:
789:
787:
786:
771:
765:
760:
754:
753:
751:
749:
732:
726:
725:
705:
699:
698:
678:
367:Himachal Pradesh
308:Himachal Pradesh
280:Himachal Pradesh
250:of 1948 and the
164:Military service
81:Himachal Pradesh
65:Populated states
21:
20:
3341:
3340:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3301:Bhakti movement
3276:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3203:
3180:
3107:
3059:
2805:
2787:
2614:
2586:
2568:
2500:
2482:
2439:
2401:
2383:
2366:
2336:
2335:
2325:
2323:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2300:
2298:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2275:
2273:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2250:
2248:
2238:
2234:
2224:
2222:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2199:
2197:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2174:
2172:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2128:
2126:
2124:The News Minute
2116:
2112:
2102:
2100:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2077:
2075:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2052:
2050:
2048:Ravidass Temple
2042:
2041:
2037:
2027:
2025:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2002:
2000:
1990:
1986:
1976:
1974:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1914:
1912:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1889:
1887:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1843:
1841:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1818:
1816:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1793:
1791:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1768:
1766:
1760:
1756:
1746:
1744:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1721:
1719:
1711:
1710:
1706:
1696:
1694:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1671:
1669:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1646:
1644:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1621:
1619:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1596:
1594:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1571:
1569:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1510:
1508:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1485:
1483:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1460:
1458:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1435:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1414:
1412:
1404:
1403:
1399:
1389:
1387:
1386:. 3 August 2019
1378:
1377:
1373:
1363:
1361:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1287:
1285:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1263:
1261:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1182:
1181:
1174:
1163:
1159:
1152:
1148:
1141:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1115:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1004:
1000:
993:
989:
982:
978:
971:
955:
951:
938:
937:
933:
926:
910:
906:
899:
883:
879:
872:
854:
850:
843:
827:
823:
816:
800:
793:
784:
782:
773:
772:
768:
761:
757:
747:
745:
734:
733:
729:
722:
706:
702:
695:
679:
672:
667:
615:
587:
553:
456:
446:
430:
420:
379:
347:
264:
231:
171:
166:
118:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3339:
3329:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3190:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3117:
3115:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3069:
3067:
3065:Mohyal Brahmin
3061:
3060:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2821:
2815:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2797:
2795:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2624:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2596:
2594:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2578:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2510:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2492:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2449:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2411:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2393:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2365:
2364:
2357:
2350:
2342:
2334:
2333:
2308:
2283:
2258:
2232:
2207:
2182:
2157:
2136:
2110:
2085:
2060:
2035:
2010:
1984:
1958:
1947:
1922:
1897:
1872:
1851:
1826:
1801:
1776:
1754:
1729:
1704:
1679:
1654:
1629:
1604:
1579:
1554:
1536:
1518:
1493:
1468:
1443:
1422:
1397:
1371:
1346:
1326:
1308:
1294:
1270:
1245:
1231:
1217:
1203:
1189:
1172:
1157:
1146:
1139:
1120:
1113:
1094:
1070:
1046:
1022:
998:
987:
976:
969:
949:
946:on 2002-05-31.
931:
924:
904:
897:
877:
870:
848:
841:
821:
814:
791:
766:
755:
727:
721:978-0754648772
720:
700:
693:
669:
668:
666:
663:
662:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
614:
611:
610:
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
586:
583:
582:
581:
578:
575:
572:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
552:
549:
548:
547:
544:
541:
538:
535:
532:
529:
526:
523:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
505:
502:
499:
496:
493:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
455:
452:
451:
450:
445:
442:
441:
440:
437:
434:
429:
426:
425:
424:
419:
416:
378:
375:
346:
343:
310:respectively.
263:
262:Hindu Ramdasia
260:
230:
227:
170:
167:
165:
162:
117:
114:
88:
87:
85:Madhya pradesh
66:
62:
61:
48:
44:
43:
30:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3338:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3206:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2589:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2559:Ramdasia Sikh
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2373:social groups
2370:
2369:Ethnic groups
2363:
2358:
2356:
2351:
2349:
2344:
2343:
2340:
2322:
2318:
2312:
2297:
2293:
2287:
2272:
2268:
2262:
2247:
2243:
2236:
2221:
2217:
2211:
2196:
2192:
2186:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2146:
2140:
2125:
2121:
2114:
2099:
2095:
2089:
2074:
2070:
2064:
2049:
2045:
2039:
2024:
2020:
2014:
1999:
1995:
1988:
1973:. 29 May 2023
1972:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1951:
1936:
1932:
1926:
1911:
1907:
1901:
1886:
1882:
1876:
1861:
1855:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1790:
1786:
1780:
1765:
1758:
1743:
1739:
1733:
1718:
1714:
1708:
1693:
1689:
1683:
1668:
1664:
1658:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1618:
1614:
1608:
1593:
1589:
1583:
1568:
1564:
1558:
1550:
1546:
1540:
1532:
1528:
1522:
1507:
1503:
1497:
1482:
1478:
1472:
1457:
1453:
1447:
1432:
1426:
1411:
1407:
1401:
1385:
1381:
1375:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1336:
1330:
1322:
1318:
1312:
1305:. 5 May 2010.
1304:
1298:
1284:
1280:
1274:
1260:on 2023-01-29
1259:
1255:
1249:
1241:
1235:
1227:
1221:
1213:
1207:
1199:
1193:
1185:
1179:
1177:
1168:
1161:
1155:
1150:
1142:
1140:9781317055051
1136:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1116:
1114:9780754689683
1110:
1106:
1105:
1098:
1080:
1074:
1056:
1050:
1032:
1026:
1008:
1002:
996:
991:
985:
980:
972:
970:9780836406498
966:
962:
961:
953:
945:
941:
935:
927:
921:
917:
916:
908:
900:
894:
890:
889:
881:
873:
867:
863:
859:
852:
844:
838:
834:
833:
825:
817:
811:
807:
806:
798:
796:
781:on 2009-04-15
780:
776:
770:
764:
759:
743:
742:
737:
731:
723:
717:
713:
712:
704:
696:
690:
686:
685:
677:
675:
670:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
616:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
588:
579:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
554:
551:United States
545:
542:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
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