944:
220:
505:
317:
under one ruling house. Historians consider this arrangement the political masterstroke of the
Hispanic Middle Ages. Both realms gained greater strength and security and Aragon got its much needed outlet to the sea. On the other hand, formation of a new political entity in the north-east at the time
312:
The treaty between Ramon
Berenguer and his father-in-law, Ramiro II, stipulated that their descendants would rule jointly over both realms, and that even if Petronilla died before the marriage could be consummated, Ramon Berenguer's heirs would still inherit the Kingdom of Aragon. Both realms would
585:
Ramiro delivered the kingdom of Aragon to Ramon
Berenguer IV, who promised to respect the laws and privileges of the people. In deference to his father-in-law and in acknowledgment of his own status as a prince-consort, he did not assume the royal title, but called himself simply Prince of
519:
said he was, " man of particularly great nobility, prudence, and probity, of lively temperament, high counsel, great bravery, and steady intellect, who displayed great temperance in all his actions. He was handsome in appearance, with a large body and very well-proportioned limbs."
619:
Shortly after the marriage, Ramiro retired to a monastery and Ramon
Berenguer acknowledged his status in Aragón not as king but as prince-consort. Due to her youth, however, Petronila ruled more in name than in fact (she and Ramon were not formally married until
484:, Italy. He was succeeded by Petronilla and then by his eldest surviving son, Ramon Berenguer, who also inherited the Kingdom of Aragon upon Petronilla's abdication in 1164. He changed his name to Alfonso as a nod to his Aragonese lineage, and became
304:
In effect becoming ruler of Aragon, although Ramon
Berenguer was never king himself in acknowledgment of his own status as a consort, instead commonly using the titles "Count of the Barcelonans and Prince of the Aragonians"
365:
after a six-month siege with the help of
Southern French, Anglo-Norman and Genoese crusaders. When Moors later tried to recapture Tortosa, the women put up such a spirited defense that Ramon Berenger created for them the
421:. The treaty defined the zones of conquest in Andalusia as an attempt to prevent the two rulers from coming into conflict. Also in 1151, Ramon Berenguer founded and endowed the royal monastery of
322:
in the west gave more balance to the
Christian kingdoms of the peninsula. Ramon Berenguer successfully pulled Aragon out of its pledged submission to Castile, aided no doubt by his sister
289:. He inherited the county of Barcelona from his father Ramon Berenguer III on 19 August 1131. On 11 August 1137, at the age of about 24, he was betrothed to the infant
1152:
864:
928:
913:
17:
683:("The Donation of Ramiro II of Aragon to Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona in 1137, and the Institution of In-House Marriage"), published in
676:
1142:
1137:
817:
799:
Villegas-Aristizabal, Lucas (2009), "Anglo-Norman involvement in the conquest of
Tortosa and Settlement of Tortosa, 1148-1180",
198:
58:
857:
455:
168:
612:
578:
402:
1015:
985:
980:
398:
445:
158:
673:
La donación de Ramiro II de Aragón a Ramón
Berenguer IV de Barcelona, de 1137, y la institución del "casamiento en casa"
1005:
995:
960:
548:
418:
898:
850:
873:
282:
258:
970:
509:
208:
1127:
538:
1147:
301:, withdrew from public life on 13 November 1137, leaving his kingdom to Petronilla and Ramon Berenguer.
465:
178:
1132:
173:
1058:
362:
323:
334:
In the middle years of his rule, Ramon
Berenguer turned his attention to campaigns against the
184:
1050:
568:
313:
preserve their laws, institutions and autonomy, remaining legally distinct but federated in a
309:), and occasionally those of "Marquis of Lleida and Tortosa" (after conquering these cities).
1117:
1073:
602:
122:
671:
1122:
1096:
1000:
965:
893:
834:
485:
450:
367:
290:
219:
163:
145:
68:
426:
414:
8:
755:
Benito, Pere (2017). "An Intense but Stymied Occitan Campaign". In Sabaté, Flocel (ed.).
354:
298:
294:
286:
262:
1025:
1040:
975:
952:
903:
824:
477:
406:
254:
135:
106:
40:
885:
409:. During the minority of Ramon Berenguer II, the count of Barcelona also acted as the
319:
1088:
1020:
877:
608:
574:
544:
266:
1068:
923:
1078:
1063:
1010:
990:
918:
908:
481:
236:
110:
943:
680:
460:
270:
326:, wife of Alfonso VII, who was well known in her time for her beauty and charm.
1030:
339:
314:
1111:
1035:
842:
504:
433:, thus uniting that small principality with the growing Aragonese state.
383:
488:. Ramon Berenguer IV's younger son Pere (Peter) inherited the county of
379:
343:
347:
241:
93:
493:
489:
430:
394:
130:
722:
720:
690:
775:
Prelude to Empire: Portugal Overseas Before Henry the Navigator
717:
604:
The King's Other Body: Maria of Castile and the Crown of Aragon
422:
413:
of Provence (between 1144 and 1157). In 1151, Ramon signed the
410:
375:
358:
625:
371:
350:
335:
387:
429:
in return for the Bearnese nobles rendering him homage at
784:
The Southern French Nobility and the Albigensian Crusade
707:
705:
654:
652:
757:
The Crown of Aragon: A Singular Mediterranean Empire
732:
702:
649:
637:
293:, aged one at the time. Petronilla's father, King
1153:12th-century people from the County of Barcelona
1109:
607:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 25.
281:Ramon Berenguer was born 1114, the son of Count
790:
696:
631:
566:
540:Key Figures in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia
858:
872:
781:
726:
476:Ramon Berenguer IV died on 6 August 1162 in
766:Medieval France and her Pyrenean Neighbours
499:
496:, and changed his name to Ramon Berenguer.
307:Comes Barcinonensis et Princeps Aragonensis
865:
851:
600:
596:
594:
562:
560:
297:, who sought Barcelona's aid against King
573:. Cornell University Press. p. 224.
536:
503:
436:
591:
557:
199:Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona
14:
1110:
772:
763:
754:
738:
711:
664:
658:
643:
456:Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Provence
425:. In 1154, he accepted the regency of
169:Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Provence
846:
567:O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (2013-04-15).
235:
104:6 August 1162 (aged 48–49)
329:
27:Count of Barcelona from 1131 to 1162
393:Ramon Berenguer also campaigned in
346:. He then invaded the lands of the
261:who brought about the union of the
24:
601:Earenfight, Theresa (2012-02-24).
338:. In October 1147, as part of the
25:
1164:
1143:Burials at Santa Maria de Ripoll
1138:Christians of the Second Crusade
942:
517:Chronicle of San Juan de la Peña
508:Statue of Ramon Berenguer IV in
283:Ramon Berenguer III of Barcelona
218:
934:Ramon Berengeur IV of Barcelona
791:O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (1975).
777:. University of Nebraska Press.
748:
419:Alfonso VII of León and Castile
342:, he helped Castile to conquer
18:Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona
773:Diffie, Bailey Wallys (1960).
530:
510:Parque del Buen Retiro, Madrid
276:
50:19 August 1131 – 6 August 1162
13:
1:
782:Graham-Leigh, Elaine (2005).
687:, #270, Madrid, 1998, p. 710.
537:Emmerson, Richard K. (2013).
523:
209:Douce I, Countess of Provence
85:
7:
795:. Cornell University Press.
793:A History of Medieval Spain
570:A History of Medieval Spain
318:when Portugal seceded from
240:; c. 1114 – 6 August 1162,
10:
1169:
764:Bisson, Thomas N. (1989).
543:. Routledge. p. 553.
441:Ramon and Petronilla had:
1087:
1049:
951:
940:
884:
831:
822:
814:
809:
759:. Brill. pp. 92–124.
466:Sancho, Count of Provence
390:rivers fell to his army.
382:in the confluence of the
214:
204:
194:
179:Sancho, Count of Provence
151:
141:
129:
117:
100:
81:
74:
64:
54:
46:
39:
32:
500:Appearance and character
471:
461:Dulce, Queen of Portugal
237:[rəˈmombəɾəŋˈɡe]
174:Dulce, Queen of Portugal
1059:Eleanor of Alburquerque
492:and lands north of the
361:. In December 1148, he
768:. The Hambledon Press.
512:
401:and his infant nephew
397:, helping his brother
233:Catalan pronunciation:
185:Archbishop of Narbonne
1074:Isabella I of Castile
507:
437:Marriage and children
123:Santa Maria de Ripoll
1097:Isabella of Portugal
1001:Elisenda of Montcada
966:Maria of Montpellier
894:Ermesinda of Bigorre
786:. The Boydell Press.
486:Alfonso II of Aragon
451:Alfonso II of Aragon
368:Order of the Hatchet
291:Petronilla of Aragon
247:), sometimes called
164:Alfonso II of Aragon
146:Petronilla of Aragon
1128:Counts of Barcelona
1051:House of Trastámara
1016:Eleanor of Portugal
986:Isabella of Castile
981:Constance of Sicily
818:Ramon Berenguer III
803:8, pp. 63–129.
670:See Serrano Daura,
299:Alfonso VII of Leon
295:Ramiro II of Aragon
287:Douce I of Provence
263:County of Barcelona
245:Raymond Berengar IV
59:Ramon Berenguer III
1148:House of Barcelona
1041:Margaret of Prades
1006:Eleanor of Castile
976:Violant of Hungary
971:Eleanor of Castile
953:House of Barcelona
929:Agnes of Aquitaine
914:Agnes of Aquitaine
904:Isabella of Urgell
825:Count of Barcelona
729:, p. table 9.
699:, p. 231-232.
679:2011-07-06 at the
513:
478:Borgo San Dalmazzo
407:counts of Toulouse
403:Ramon Berenguer II
255:count of Barcelona
229:Ramon Berenguer IV
107:Borgo San Dalmazzo
41:Count of Barcelona
34:Ramon Berenguer IV
1105:
1104:
1089:House of Habsburg
1021:Eleanor of Sicily
996:Marie of Lusignan
961:Sancha of Castile
841:
840:
832:Succeeded by
727:Graham-Leigh 2005
614:978-0-8122-0183-3
580:978-0-8014-6872-8
427:Gaston V of Béarn
415:Treaty of Tudilén
370:. The next year,
330:Crusades and wars
267:Kingdom of Aragon
259:consort of Aragon
226:
225:
16:(Redirected from
1160:
1079:Germaine of Foix
1064:Maria of Castile
1026:Sibila de Fortià
1011:Maria of Navarre
991:Blanche of Anjou
946:
909:Felicia of Roucy
886:House of Jiménez
867:
860:
853:
844:
843:
815:Preceded by
807:
806:
796:
787:
778:
769:
760:
742:
736:
730:
724:
715:
709:
700:
697:O'Callaghan 1975
694:
688:
668:
662:
656:
647:
641:
635:
632:O'Callaghan 1975
629:
623:
622:
598:
589:
588:
564:
555:
554:
534:
363:captured Tortosa
239:
234:
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125:
96:
90:
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77:
30:
29:
21:
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1133:Spanish princes
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681:Wayback Machine
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279:
271:Crown of Aragon
232:
190:
121:
105:
92:
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1069:Juana Enríquez
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1031:Violant of Bar
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978:
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924:Urraca of León
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874:Royal consorts
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810:Regnal titles
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714:, p. 131.
701:
689:
663:
661:, p. 240.
648:
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634:, p. 680.
624:
613:
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556:
550:978-1136775192
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340:Second Crusade
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1039:
1037:
1036:Maria de Luna
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1022:
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808:
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789:
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752:
741:, p. 24.
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735:
728:
723:
721:
713:
708:
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698:
693:
686:
682:
678:
675:
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646:, p. 98.
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446:Infante Peter
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285:and Countess
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42:
38:
31:
19:
1118:1110s births
933:
823:
800:
792:
783:
774:
765:
756:
749:Bibliography
734:
692:
684:
672:
666:
639:
627:
618:
603:
584:
569:
539:
532:
516:
514:
475:
440:
405:against the
392:
353:kingdoms of
333:
311:
306:
303:
280:
269:to form the
249:
248:
244:
228:
227:
131:Noble family
1123:1162 deaths
739:Diffie 1960
712:Bisson 1989
659:Bisson 1989
644:Benito 2017
277:Early reign
89: 1114
55:Predecessor
1112:Categories
829:1131–1162
524:References
380:Mequinenza
324:Berengaria
253:, was the
242:Anglicized
685:Hidalguía
348:Almoravid
265:with the
250:the Saint
215:Signature
142:Spouse(s)
136:Barcelona
94:Barcelona
69:Alfonso I
65:Successor
801:Crusades
677:Archived
494:Pyrenees
490:Cerdanya
482:Piedmont
431:Canfranc
395:Provence
355:Valencia
257:and the
111:Piedmont
835:Alfonso
586:Aragon.
344:Almería
183:Ramon,
113:, Italy
919:Bertha
878:Aragon
620:1150).
611:
577:
547:
423:Poblet
411:regent
376:Lleida
359:Murcia
205:Mother
195:Father
187:(ill.)
118:Buried
899:Agnes
472:Death
417:with
384:Segre
372:Fraga
351:taifa
336:Moors
159:Peter
152:Issue
76:
47:Reign
609:ISBN
575:ISBN
545:ISBN
515:The
388:Ebro
386:and
378:and
357:and
320:León
101:Died
82:Born
876:of
1114::
719:^
704:^
651:^
617:.
593:^
583:.
559:^
480:,
374:,
273:.
109:,
86:c.
866:e
859:t
852:v
553:.
305:(
231:(
20:)
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