1254:
1714:
9398:
1164:, invaded Egypt by land and sea. Ramesses III defeated them in two great land and sea battles. First, he defeated them on land in the Battle of Djahy on the Egyptian Empire's easternmost frontier in Djahy or modern-day southern Lebanon. The second one was the Battle of the Delta, in which Ramesses enticed the Sea Peoples and their ships into the mouth of the Nile, where he had assembled a fleet in ambush. Although the Egyptians had a reputation as poor seamen, they fought tenaciously. Rameses lined the shores with ranks of archers who kept up a continuous volley of arrows into the enemy ships when they attempted to land on the banks of the Nile. Then, the Egyptian navy attacked using grappling hooks to haul in the enemy ships. In the brutal hand-to-hand fighting which ensued, the Sea Peoples were utterly defeated. The
8835:
1788:
7975:
6607:
1327:, seven royal butlers (a respectable state office), two Treasury overseers, two Army standard bearers, two royal scribes and a herald. There is little doubt that all of the main conspirators were executed: some of the condemned were given the option of committing suicide (possibly by poison) rather than being put to death. According to the surviving trial transcripts, a total of three separate trials were started, while 38 people were sentenced to death. The tombs of Tiye and her son Pentaweret were robbed and their names erased to prevent them from enjoying an afterlife. The Egyptians did such a thorough job of this that the only references to them are the trial documents and what remains of their tombs.
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1110:
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45:
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disaster. This implies that the king's reign would have ended just three to four years later, around 1156 or 1155 BC. A rival date of "2900 BP" (950 BC) has since been proposed by scientists based on a re-examination of the volcanic layer. Given that no
Egyptologist dates Ramesses III's reign to as late as 1000 BC, this would mean that the Hekla 3 eruption presumably occurred well after Ramesses III's reign. A 2002 study, using high-precision radiocarbon dating of a peat deposit containing ash layers, put this eruption in the range 1087â1006 BC.
1450:
8149:
1122:
7017:
11404:
6642:
8420:
7227:
1690:
1354:
1560:
10276:
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1207:) prevented much sunlight from reaching the ground and also arrested global tree growth for almost two full decades until 1140 BC. The result in Egypt was a substantial increase in grain prices under the later reigns of Ramesses VI-VII, whereas the prices for fowl and slaves remained constant. Thus the cooldown affected Ramesses III's final years and impaired his ability to provide a constant supply of grain rations to the workmen of the Deir el-Medina community.
8489:
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728:
667:
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231:
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1713:
1494:' Africans in one affinity analysis". However, Keita cautioned that this does not mean that the royal mummies âlacked other affiliationsâ which he argued had been obscured in typological thinking. Keita further added that different âdata and algorithms might give different resultsâ which reflects the complexity of biological heritage and the associated interpretation.
1490:(STR) data published as part of these studies by Hawass et al, using an algorithm that only has three choices: Eurasians, sub-Saharan Africans, and East Asians. Using these three options, Keita concluded that the majority of the samples, which included the genetic remains of Rameses III and Tutankhamun had a population "affinity with '
1420:
prosthesis-like object made of linen in place of the amputated toe. The embalmers placed six amulets around both feet and ankles for magical healing of the wound for the life after. This additional injury of the foot supports the assassination of the
Pharaoh, likely by the hands of multiple assailants using different weapons.
1787:
1554:
I sent my emissaries to the land of Atika, to the great copper mines which are there. Their ships carried them along and others went overland on their donkeys. It had not been heard of since the king. Their mines were found and yielded copper which was loaded by tens of thousands into their ships,
1194:
The heavy cost of these battles slowly exhausted Egypt's treasury and contributed to the gradual decline of the
Egyptian Empire in Asia. The severity of these difficulties is stressed by the fact that the first known labour strike in recorded history occurred during Year 29 of Ramesses III's reign,
1185:
and he may have campaigned further north into Syria. Ramesses III was also compelled to fight invading Libyan tribesmen in two major campaigns in Egypt's
Western Delta in his Year 5 and Year 11 respectively. By the early 12th century, Egypt claimed overlordship of Cyrenaican tribes. At one point a
1172:
As for those who reached my frontier, their seed is not, their heart and their soul are finished forever and ever. As for those who came forward together on the seas, the full flame was in front of them at the Nile mouths, while a stockade of lances surrounded them on the shore, prostrated on the
1677:
with supplies in his 29th Year, this dating of Hekla 3 might connect his 28th or 29th regnal year to c. 1159 BC. A minor discrepancy of one year is possible since Egypt's granaries could have had reserves to cope with at least a single bad year of crop harvests following the onset of the
1485:
Family
Project. The objectives included attempting to determine familial relationships among 11 royal mummies of the New Kingdom, as well to research for pathological features including potential inherited disorders and infectious diseases. In 2012, Hawass et al undertook an anthropological,
1469:
The Zink unit determined that the mummy of an unknown man buried with
Ramesses was, because of the proven genetic relationship and a mummification process that suggested punishment, a good candidate for the pharaoh's son, Pentawere, who was the only son to revolt against his father. It was
1419:
A subsequent study of the CT scan of the mummy of
Ramesses III's body by Sahar Saleem revealed that the left big toe was likely chopped by a heavy sharp object like an ax. There were no signs of bone healing so this injury must have happened shortly before death. The embalmers placed a
1238:
is amongst the largest and best-preserved in Egypt; however, the uncertainty of
Ramesses' times is apparent from the massive fortifications which were built to enclose the latter. No temple in the heart of Egypt prior to Ramesses' reign had ever needed to be protected in such a manner.
960:
However, his successful defense was able to slow down the decline, although it still meant that his successors would have a weaker military. He has also been described as a "warrior
Pharaoh" due to his strong military strategies. He led the way by defeating the invaders known as "the
1211:
1423:
Before this discovery it had been speculated that
Ramesses III had been killed by means that would not have left a mark on the body. Among the conspirators were practitioners of magic, who might well have used poison. Some had put forth a hypothesis that a snakebite from a
1381:, revealed that beneath the bandages was a deep knife wound across the throat, deep enough to reach the vertebrae. According to the documentary narrator, "It was a wound no one could have survived." The CT scan revealed that his throat was cut to the bone, severing the
1181:. Their presence in Canaan may have contributed to the formation of new states in this region such as Philistia after the collapse of the Egyptian Empire in Asia. During the reign of Ramses III, Egyptian presence in the Levant is still attested as far as
1666:, generally assumed to correspond to the settlement of Sea Peoples there at the 8th year of Ramesses III. Radiocarbon dates and other external evidence permit this transition to be as late as 1100 BC, compared to the conventional dating of c. 1179 BC.
956:
His long reign saw the decline of Egyptian political and economic power, linked to a series of invasions and internal economic problems that also plagued pharaohs before him. This coincided with a decline in the cultural sphere of Ancient Egypt.
2548:
Hawass, Zahi; Gad, Yehia Z.; Ismail, Somaia; Khairat, Rabab; Fathalla, Dina; Hasan, Naglaa; Ahmed, Amal; Elleithy, Hisham; Ball, Markus; Gaballah, Fawzi; Wasef, Sally; Fateen, Mohamed; Amer, Hany; Gostner, Paul; Selim, Ashraf (2010-02-17).
1609:
conducted a series of X-ray examinations on New Kingdom Pharaohs crania and skeletal remains, which included the mummified remains of Ramesses III. The analysis in general found strong similarities between the New Kingdom rulers of the
2247:
1345:
Ramesses IV, the king's designated successor, assumed the throne upon his death rather than Pentaweret, who was intended to be the main beneficiary of the palace conspiracy. Moreover, Ramesses III died in his 32nd year before the
1432:
to protect Ramesses III in the afterlife from snakes. The servant in charge of his food and drink were also among the listed conspirators, but there were also other conspirators who were called the snake and the lord of snakes.
2248:
Zahi Hawass, Somaia Ismail, Ashraf Selim, Sahar N. Saleem, Dina Fathalla, Sally Wasef, Ahmed Zakaria Gad, Rama Saad, Suzan Fares, Hany Amer, Paul Gostner, Yehia Z. Gad, Carsten M. Pusch, Albert R. Zink (December 17, 2012).
2597:
1436:
In one respect the conspirators certainly failed. The crown passed to the king's designated successor: Ramesses IV. Ramesses III may have been doubtful as to the latter's chances of succeeding him, given that, in the
2105:
Frank J. Yurco, "End of the Late Bronze Age and Other Crisis Periods: A Volcanic Cause" in Gold of Praise: Studies on Ancient Egypt in Honor of Edward F. Wente, ed: Emily Teeter & John Larson, (SAOC 58) 1999.
1622:
Nubian samples. The authors also noted affinities with modern Mediterranean populations of Levantine origin. Harris and Wente suggested this represented admixture as the Rammessides were of northern origin.
9397:
2407:
1253:
2843:
Van Den Bogaard, C.; Dörfler, W.; Glos, R.; Nadeau, M. J. E.; Grootes, P. M.; Erlenkeuser, H. (2002). "Two Tephra Layers Bracketing Late Holocene Paleoecological Changes in Northern Germany".
2379:
2437:
1991:
Hasel, Michael G. "Merenptah's Inscription and Reliefs and the Origin of Israel" in The Near East in the Southwest: Essays in Honor of William G. Dever" edited by Beth Albprt Hakhai
44:
2222:
2598:"Ideas about "Race" in Nile Valley Histories: A Consideration of "Racial" Paradigms in Recent Presentations on Nile Valley Africa, from "Black Pharaohs" to Mummy Genomest"
1759:
1330:
Some of the accused harem women tried to seduce the members of the judiciary who tried them but were caught in the act. Judges who were involved were severely punished.
1775:
6483:
1486:
forensic, radiological, and genetic study of the 20th dynasty mummies of Ramesses III and an unknown man which were found together. In 2022, S.O.Y. Keita analysed 8
1361:
Although it was long believed that Ramesses III's body showed no obvious wounds, an examination of the mummy by a German forensic team, televised in the documentary
2397:
2778:
1701:
7930:
1399:, the former head of the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquity, and his Egyptian team, as well as Albert Zink from the Institute for Mummies and the Iceman of
1141:) and experienced the beginnings of increasing economic difficulties and internal strife which would eventually lead to the collapse of the Twentieth Dynasty.
11618:
6397:
1948:., United with Eternity: A Concise Guide to the Monuments of Medinet Habu, p. 38, Oriental Institute, Chicago / American University in Cairo Press, 1980.
8059:
7935:
250:
8352:
2318:
10691:
7974:
1594:
of Ramesses III was discovered by antiquarians in 1886 and is regarded as the prototypical Egyptian Mummy in numerous Hollywood movies. His tomb (
7790:
1747:
1218:
These difficult realities are completely ignored in Ramesses' official monuments, many of which seek to emulate those of his famous predecessor,
1913:
8730:
8451:
8362:
8051:
7766:
7708:
7704:
6476:
2429:
2815:
8008:
8004:
7712:
2695:
2826:
11417:
8455:
8262:
7833:
7796:
7762:
7337:
7333:
6666:
491:
2376:
1415:
The cut is ... very deep and quite large, it really goes down almost down to the bone (spine) â it must have been a lethal injury.
11648:
11061:
7620:
7464:
7329:
7325:
6606:
1669:
Some scientists have tried to establish a chronological point for this pharaoh's reign at 1159 BC, based on a 1999 dating of the
8348:
8344:
8258:
8055:
6812:
6412:
6407:
1673:
of the Hekla volcano in Iceland. Since contemporary records show that the king experienced difficulties provisioning his workmen at
8459:
7716:
6469:
2219:
1631:
588:
562:
541:
6387:
6382:
705:
699:
559:
1068:
day 15. Some scholars estimate a reign of 31 years, 1 month and 19 days. Alternative dates for his reign are 1187â1156 BC.
691:
644:
531:
456:
453:
445:
342:
339:
331:
328:
326:
301:
203:
200:
197:
191:
7862:
7616:
7596:
6392:
1060:
Ramesses III is believed to have reigned from March 1186 to April 1155 BC. This is based on his known accession date of I
814:
702:
568:
565:
377:
194:
7569:
7278:
696:
694:
573:
571:
556:
11571:
11524:
11494:
6372:
2341:
1969:
965:", who had caused destruction in other civilizations and empires. He was able to save Egypt from collapsing at the time when
688:
647:
536:
450:
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448:
420:
336:
333:
208:
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around his Year 12. He decorated the walls of his Medinet Habu temple with scenes of his naval and land battles against the
538:
533:
120:
11658:
6402:
6377:
2833:, Martin P. Kirkbride & Andrew J. Dugmore, Geological Society, London, Special Publications; 2005; v. 242; p. 145-155.
9818:
7313:
7165:
7022:
6367:
4147:
3935:
1929:& C.C. Van Siclen, "A Chronology of the New Kingdom" in Studies in Honor of George R. Hughes, (SAOC 39) 1976, p.235,
1646:
There is uncertainty regarding the exact dates of the reign of Ramesses III. This uncertainty affects the dating of the
1510:, chronicles this king's vast donations of land, gold statues and monumental construction to Egypt's various temples at
11643:
10488:
8167:
6356:
5117:
4833:
3701:
2961:
2935:
2486:"Revisiting the harem conspiracy and death of Ramesses III: anthropological, forensic, radiological, and genetic study"
2359:
2296:
2251:"Revisiting the harem conspiracy and death of Ramesses III: anthropological, forensic, radiological, and genetic study"
1897:
1550:
and quarried the copper mines of Timna in southern Canaan. Papyrus Harris I records some of Ramesses III's activities:
11653:
11623:
11613:
2748:
2067:
1934:
781:
8834:
949:. Some scholars date his reign from 26 March 1186 to 15 April 1155 BC, and he is considered the last pharaoh of the
6422:
2063:
1411:, which stated that conspirators murdered Ramesses III by cutting his throat. Zink observed in an interview that:
10482:
5609:
605:
111:
10555:
10102:
10026:
5659:
5386:
5242:
2678:
2191:
1627:
1481:
In 2010 Hawass et al undertook detailed anthropological, radiological, and genetic studies as part of the King
1350:
were composed, but the same year that the trial documents record the trial and execution of the conspirators.
1109:
11407:
11387:
10669:
10576:
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10399:
10269:
10070:
9769:
9454:
6838:
5955:
5745:
5677:
5542:
5409:
5319:
5132:
3250:
2896:
1277:
804:
1999:. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 12. Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.
1722:: Inlay figures, faience and glass, of "the traditional enemies of Ancient Egypt" from Medinet Habu, at the
11208:
11017:
10993:
10393:
9373:
5527:
5464:
4747:
2096:
William F. Edgerton, The Strikes in Ramses III's Twenty-Ninth Year, JNES 10, No. 3 (July 1951), pp. 137-145
1815:
1214:
Osirid statues of Ramses III at his temple in Karnak (in the first courtyard of the Great Temple of Amun).
10630:
9669:
9468:
9015:
9009:
7256:
6612:
5888:
4997:
4909:
4394:
4171:
4162:
1723:
1719:
1689:
1611:
1104:
1315:
The trial documents show that many individuals were implicated in the plot. Chief among them were Queen
11257:
11113:
10876:
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10377:
9723:
9385:
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7554:
5717:
5050:
4787:
4614:
4546:
3128:
1635:
1615:
1515:
1033:
942:
926:
624:
17:
2908:
2618:, Aris & Phillips Ltd, 1994. p.32 Atika has long been equated with Timna, see here B. Rothenburg,
1012:) two main names transliterate as wsr-mêąÊżt-rÊżâmry-á»mn rÊż-ms-sâáž„ážłêą-á»wnw. They are normally realised as
11394:
11002:
10888:
10870:
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10382:
10246:
9947:
9762:
8659:
6238:
4009:
1347:
1273:
1072:
828:
1333:
1195:
when the food rations for the favoured and elite royal tomb-builders and artisans in the village of
11380:
11025:
11022:
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10858:
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8389:
8173:
7016:
4083:
3854:
3716:
1647:
1130:
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1546:
and various cities in Nubia. It also records that the king dispatched a trading expedition to the
1186:
ruler chosen by Egypt was set up (briefly) over the combined tribes of Meshwesh, Libu, and Soped.
632:
11638:
11633:
11040:
10968:
10942:
10918:
10912:
10897:
10809:
10745:
10710:
10654:
10603:
10176:
8653:
8434:
8179:
7487:
6945:
5923:
5838:
5815:
4132:
3994:
3931:
3720:
3520:
3336:
2812:
1391:
1285:
838:
791:
988:. This would ultimately cause a succession crisis which would further accelerate the decline of
11203:
11193:
10983:
10978:
10973:
10933:
10924:
10867:
10847:
10841:
10835:
10832:
10823:
10751:
10748:
10739:
10639:
10618:
10232:
10006:
9938:
9848:
9592:
9586:
9067:
8522:
8381:
7946:
7727:
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7201:
6844:
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5965:
5944:
5863:
4777:
4637:
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3841:
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3265:
2928:
2823:
11514:
7820:
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1959:
1222:, and which present an image of continuity and stability. He built important additions to the
11608:
11563:
Israel and the Aramaeans of Damascus: A Study in Archaeological Illumination of Bible History
11484:
11447:
11369:
11246:
10906:
10882:
10838:
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10772:
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10742:
10707:
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5913:
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4410:
4314:
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2312:
2011:
The levantine war-records of Ramesses III : changing attitudes, past, present and future
1580:
1304:), over whose son would inherit the throne. Tyti's son, Ramesses Amenherkhepshef (the future
1289:
1235:
1065:
1061:
916:
11561:
11413:
7226:
11628:
10814:
10763:
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10666:
10636:
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10191:
10179:
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9944:
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9285:
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7960:
7481:
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4829:
4682:
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4384:
4379:
4232:
3658:
3446:
3325:
2852:
2798:
Frank J. Yurco, "End of the Late Bronze Age and Other Crisis Periods: A Volcanic Cause" in
2760:
1257:
Fragment of the "Journal of the Necropolis" concerning the change of reign Ramesses III to
950:
10275:
2157:
Joyce Tyldesley, Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt, Thames & Hudson October 2006, p.170
1177:
Ramesses III incorporated the Sea Peoples as subject peoples and settled them in southern
1079:
were said to be "dispatched to the four corners of the horizon to confirm that the living
972:
Rameses III constructed one of the largest mortuary temples of western Thebes, now called
8:
11319:
11174:
10879:
10829:
10754:
10704:
10657:
10642:
10621:
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10127:
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9783:
9547:
9220:
9060:
8779:
8584:
8401:
8214:
7530:
6741:
5928:
5903:
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5805:
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5155:
4359:
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2402:
2336:(Hardback ed.). New York: The American University in Cairo Press. pp. 181â182.
1599:
1389:, and blood vessels, which would have been rapidly fatal. The December 2012 issue of the
1316:
1293:
1100:
981:
764:
77:
2856:
2822:, Stefan WastegÇrd, XVI INQUA Congress, Paper No. 41-13, Saturday, July 26, 2003. Also:
2764:
1859:"Ramses III and the Sea Peoples: A Structural Analysis of the Medinet Habu Inscriptions"
1470:
impossible to determine his cause of death. Both mummies were predicted by Whit Athey's
1365:
on the Science Channel in 2011, showed excessive bandages around the neck. A subsequent
11545:
11359:
11236:
10797:
10736:
10730:
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10222:
10135:
10116:
10012:
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9962:
9928:
9925:
9880:
9571:
9556:
9541:
9217:
9214:
9205:
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8139:
7867:
7140:
6993:
6910:
6713:
6218:
6205:
5782:
4792:
4364:
4339:
3406:
3181:
2868:
2729:
2523:
2288:
1945:
1907:
1870:
1663:
1449:
1338:
1308:), was the eldest and the successor chosen by Ramesses III in preference to Tiye's son
1114:
10015:
1587:. This monument stands today as one of the best-preserved temples of the New Kingdom.
11567:
11520:
11490:
10783:
10757:
10733:
10715:
10515:
10436:
10344:
10213:
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10000:
9968:
9959:
9901:
9898:
9895:
9883:
9871:
9786:
9707:
9559:
9553:
9520:
9514:
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8822:
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7739:
7284:
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3870:
3673:
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2921:
2872:
2674:
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2527:
2515:
2485:
2337:
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2187:
1965:
1930:
1893:
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1121:
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11301:
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11012:
10800:
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2631:
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2505:
2497:
2270:
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1670:
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1555:
they being sent in their care to Egypt, and arriving safely. (P. Harris I, 78, 1â4)
1543:
1503:
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1281:
1248:
1204:
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50:
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9523:
9502:
9421:
9325:
9322:
9296:
9211:
9190:
9178:
9145:
9139:
9109:
9031:
8841:
8193:
8148:
8102:
8096:
8086:
7876:
6976:
6954:
6721:
6224:
6194:
6153:
6089:
5833:
5763:
5633:
4972:
4627:
4349:
3743:
3381:
3349:
3188:
2830:
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2383:
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2226:
1926:
1820:
1606:
1462:
1458:
1223:
1096:
11403:
6641:
3930:
11262:
10806:
10699:
10588:
10541:
10502:
10445:
10347:
10283:
10201:
10160:
10154:
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9916:
9904:
9892:
9812:
9701:
9655:
9565:
9535:
9499:
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9208:
9187:
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9124:
9094:
9076:
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8808:
8679:
8530:
8392:
8386:
8289:
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8217:
8190:
8154:
7987:
7754:
7751:
7652:
7060:
6825:
6731:
6708:
6600:
6320:
6118:
6079:
5797:
5753:
5622:
4706:
4632:
4462:
4334:
4294:
4042:
3894:
3859:
3849:
3783:
3738:
3620:
3615:
3195:
3174:
3140:
2696:"22 Ancient Pharaohs Have Been Carried Across Cairo in an Epic 'Golden Parade'"
1810:
1674:
1519:
1478:
and 50% of their genetic material, which pointed to a father-son relationship.
1471:
1438:
1400:
1200:
1165:
2773:
2622:(1972), pp.201â203 where he also notes the probable port at Jezirat al-Faroun.
1957:
1129:
During his long tenure in the midst of the surrounding political chaos of the
11602:
11557:
11480:
11465:
11337:
11269:
11149:
10794:
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10544:
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8071:
7957:
7871:
7681:
7632:
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6990:
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6919:
6880:
6821:
6792:
6517:
5999:
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5730:
5700:
5376:
5231:
5088:
4957:
4797:
4772:
4722:
4329:
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4319:
4309:
4116:
4047:
4037:
3899:
3653:
3401:
3344:
3297:
3134:
3093:
2574:
2356:
1997:
Historical Records of Ramses III, the Texts in Medinet Habu, Volumes I and II
1961:
Wisdom, Gods and Literature: Studies in Assyriology in Honour of W.G. Lambert
1576:
1535:
1353:
1138:
989:
946:
902:
843:
8419:
1559:
11510:
11307:
11185:
11119:
11037:
11028:
10959:
10885:
10788:
10532:
10433:
10356:
10210:
10166:
10046:
9971:
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9862:
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9744:
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8858:
8664:
8576:
8473:
8410:
8358:
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7912:
7847:
7837:
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7345:
7209:
7069:
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7002:
6961:
6748:
6703:
6552:
6537:
6084:
5918:
5908:
5883:
5735:
5685:
5644:
5370:
5282:
5170:
5083:
4982:
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4942:
4828:
4767:
4477:
4299:
4289:
4252:
4207:
4121:
4111:
4101:
4017:
3733:
3610:
3419:
3360:
3220:
3167:
3072:
2864:
2749:"Testing the Limits: Radiocarbon dating and the end of the Late Bronze Age"
2582:
2519:
2284:
2250:
1794:
1547:
1487:
1370:
1262:
1227:
1049:
973:
872:
269:
2720:
Mazar, Amihai (1985). "The emergence of the Philistine material culture".
2566:
661:
408:
289:
148:
11322:
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11168:
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9544:
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9443:
9440:
9302:
9277:
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8977:
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8725:
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8414:
8266:
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8129:
8108:
8018:
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7535:
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7455:
7448:
7418:
7404:
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7217:
7126:
7041:
7011:
6997:
6766:
6752:
6697:
6632:
6562:
6532:
6188:
6133:
5984:
5933:
5853:
5725:
5617:
5599:
5557:
5468:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5303:
5287:
5260:
5225:
5215:
5150:
5103:
5093:
5078:
5068:
5015:
4977:
4952:
4932:
4922:
4688:
4672:
4647:
4642:
4442:
4369:
4279:
4262:
4217:
4192:
4126:
4106:
4091:
4073:
3803:
3798:
3605:
3432:
3412:
3226:
3160:
3151:
3035:
2165:
2163:
1659:
1584:
1507:
1482:
1396:
1305:
1258:
1219:
1145:
1134:
993:
962:
905:
848:
809:
786:
102:
8488:
2733:
2550:
2334:
Scanning the Pharaohs : CT Imaging of the New Kingdom Royal Mummies
2053:
Nicolas Grimal, A History of Ancient Egypt, Blackwell Books, 1992. p.271
1874:
1858:
1083:, Ramses III, is (still) in possession of his throne, that the order of
11331:
11328:
11310:
11287:
11272:
11266:
11146:
11143:
11101:
11089:
11083:
11068:
10939:
10930:
10927:
10921:
10903:
10873:
10681:
10606:
10547:
10413:
10353:
10216:
10110:
10081:
10078:
10075:
10063:
10055:
10043:
10031:
9777:
9753:
9738:
9674:
9636:
9613:
9607:
9511:
9250:
9082:
8980:
8939:
8929:
8923:
8885:
8882:
8879:
8873:
8861:
8849:
8846:
8816:
8762:
8759:
8572:
8551:
8527:
8503:
8332:
8223:
8220:
8211:
8202:
8121:
8012:
7898:
7853:
7841:
7685:
7523:
7519:
7468:
7289:
7197:
7123:
7119:
6863:
6736:
6686:
6680:
6305:
6259:
6212:
6167:
6139:
5960:
5843:
5768:
5695:
5584:
5399:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5309:
5297:
5277:
5250:
5220:
5200:
5145:
5098:
5073:
5005:
4967:
4937:
4927:
4667:
4467:
4457:
4227:
4222:
4187:
4096:
4068:
3889:
3793:
3788:
3773:
3758:
3566:
3560:
3474:
3202:
3020:
2957:
2824:
Late Holocene solifluction history reconstructed using tephrochronology
2510:
2275:
1731:
1634:
along with those of 17 other kings and 4 queens in an event termed the
1619:
1527:
1491:
1444:
1324:
1320:
1309:
9482:
2501:
2430:"Pharaoh Ramesses III Killed by Multiple Assailants, Radiologist Says"
2266:
2160:
2078:(3). University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
1395:
quoted the conclusion of the study of the team of researchers, led by
11340:
11283:
11140:
11110:
11104:
11095:
11080:
11074:
11056:
11031:
10909:
10891:
10678:
10675:
10535:
10462:
10448:
10419:
10407:
10329:
10300:
10040:
10034:
9799:
9729:
9686:
9683:
9632:
9415:
9332:
9318:
9315:
9271:
9265:
9247:
9169:
9160:
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9127:
9118:
9100:
9097:
8935:
8932:
8796:
8792:
8768:
8716:
8703:
8673:
8568:
8564:
8442:
8302:
8039:
8034:
8030:
7999:
7916:
7893:
7857:
7742:
7665:
7588:
7580:
7547:
7444:
7428:
7400:
7363:
7232:
7190:
7007:
6886:
6772:
6245:
6160:
6123:
6049:
6043:
5970:
5950:
5667:
5649:
5594:
5574:
5437:
5272:
5255:
5205:
5058:
5025:
5020:
4962:
4761:
4582:
4535:
4487:
4447:
4424:
4197:
4063:
4032:
3686:
3600:
3426:
3307:
3044:
1995:
Vol. 58 2003, quoting from Edgerton, W. F., and Wilson, John A. 1936
1511:
1425:
1386:
1374:
1045:
985:
862:
833:
92:
2800:
Gold of Praise: Studies on Ancient Egypt in Honor of Edward F. Wente
1461:(right) blessing Ramesses in this statute, currently located in the
1337:
Red granite sarcophagus of Ramesses III (Louvre). The Lid is in the
11290:
11116:
11077:
11071:
10948:
10529:
10526:
10471:
10468:
10410:
10341:
10291:
10254:
10107:
9649:
9508:
9490:
9473:
9411:
9338:
9312:
9259:
9241:
9151:
9026:
8917:
8908:
8896:
8864:
8828:
8804:
8754:
8722:
8698:
8670:
8640:
8628:
8621:
8607:
8601:
8536:
8446:
8428:
8340:
8318:
8314:
8199:
8125:
7954:
7908:
7885:
7880:
7811:
7806:
7775:
7592:
7516:
7512:
7505:
7383:
7304:
7149:
6981:
6971:
6966:
6957:
6893:
6876:
6647:
6594:
6315:
6310:
6299:
6266:
6181:
6174:
6128:
6100:
6094:
6059:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
5639:
5579:
5422:
5394:
4987:
4917:
4729:
4715:
4695:
4657:
4569:
4514:
4472:
4304:
4274:
4237:
4182:
4027:
3904:
3809:
3753:
3648:
3555:
3549:
3538:
3504:
3388:
3374:
3367:
3354:
3318:
3058:
2893:(University of Michigan Press; 2012) 560 pages; essays by scholars.
1739:
1523:
1157:
1153:
1017:
11519:. Penguin Books Limited. pp. 532â534 (Chronological Tables).
10508:
1707:
Finely painted reliefs from Ramesses III's Khonsu temple at Karnak
11343:
11171:
11152:
11137:
11131:
11125:
10459:
10404:
10297:
10294:
10242:
10093:
9835:
9774:
9695:
9689:
9430:
9424:
9196:
9166:
9021:
8911:
8876:
8667:
8610:
8511:
8480:
8184:
7733:
7676:
7605:
7500:
7492:
7357:
7292:
7099:
7096:
7081:
7077:
6889:
6883:
6867:
6745:
6292:
6231:
6074:
5758:
5569:
5563:
5551:
5432:
5427:
5364:
5343:
5188:
5140:
5040:
5030:
4755:
4652:
4622:
4604:
4593:
4576:
4528:
4521:
4452:
4374:
4022:
3830:
3816:
3728:
3679:
3585:
3528:
3479:
3312:
3302:
3282:
3215:
3065:
2944:
2184:
Thebes in Egypt A Guide to the Tombs and Temples of Ancient Luxor
2041:
The Historical Background of a Topographical List of Ramesses III
1766:
1735:
1727:
1404:
1382:
1366:
1270:
1161:
938:
277:
63:
8596:
2956:
2842:
2811:
At first, scholars tried to redate the event to "3000 BP":
2802:, ed: Emily Teeter & John Larson, (SAOC 58) 1999, pp.456-458
2673:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1980. pp. 207â208.
1203:), could not be provisioned. Something in the air (possibly the
11134:
11128:
11086:
10997:
10465:
10416:
9991:
Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Babylonian dynasties ("Period of Chaos")
9789:
9692:
9677:
9661:
9406:
9391:
9256:
9163:
9154:
9088:
9045:
8914:
8905:
8902:
8899:
8800:
8772:
8713:
8604:
8499:
8326:
8205:
8117:
8105:
7736:
7693:
7658:
7639:
7611:
7508:
7440:
7378:
7321:
7273:
7182:
7153:
7109:
7106:
7056:
6986:
6904:
6857:
6807:
6782:
6777:
6756:
6573:
6547:
6522:
6199:
6069:
5706:
5589:
5194:
5165:
5035:
5010:
4802:
4736:
4562:
4555:
4482:
4437:
4431:
4257:
4177:
3763:
3590:
3543:
3497:
3469:
3395:
3273:
3232:
3114:
3079:
3051:
2638:, ed. Ian Shaw, Oxford University Press paperback, (2002) p.305
1806:
1651:
1572:
1539:
1531:
1429:
1231:
1182:
1178:
1149:
1133:, Egypt was beset by foreign invaders (including the so-called
54:
8591:
8143:
7815:
7413:
7408:
7236:
7221:
969:; however, the damage of the invasions took a toll on Egypt.
11334:
11316:
9831:
9437:
9418:
8484:
8395:
8366:
8293:
8025:
7689:
7576:
7495:
7423:
7300:
7296:
7178:
7116:
7112:
7073:
6860:
6802:
6797:
6787:
6760:
6542:
6285:
6064:
6054:
6032:
5690:
4599:
4587:
4500:
4417:
4268:
4202:
3864:
3533:
3491:
3485:
3277:
3236:
3107:
3100:
3086:
2377:
Study reveals that Pharaohâs throat was cut during royal coup
1591:
1454:
1408:
1210:
1080:
8708:
7670:
10288:
10052:
9979:
9823:
9579:
8690:
8545:
8467:
8308:
8236:
8065:
7951:
7782:
7757:
7645:
7626:
7395:
7353:
7308:
7248:
7186:
7133:
7102:
7031:
6931:
6873:
6870:
6817:
6661:
6653:
6623:
6583:
6567:
6557:
6527:
6037:
6027:
5417:
5292:
4493:
3823:
3643:
3625:
3510:
3292:
3287:
3121:
2913:
1958:
Wilfred G. Lambert; A. R. George; Irving L. Finkel (2000).
1798:
1595:
1297:
1084:
1076:
1025:
898:
756:
672:
518:
510:
431:
396:
312:
273:
173:
1276:(dated to Ramesses III), it is now known that there was a
8285:
4242:
1892:(Second ed.). Chichester, West Sussex. p. 237.
1802:
1506:, which was commissioned by his son and chosen successor
1428:
was the cause of the king's death. His mummy includes an
27:
Egyptian pharaoh 1186â1155 BCE, New Kingdom, 20th Dynasty
11454:. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. pp. 48â49.
5463:
1781:
Medinet Habu â the severed hands of the defeated enemies
1234:, and his funerary temple and administrative complex at
7922:
6578:
1993:
The Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research
1029:
1021:
992:. He was succeeded by his son and designated successor
514:
11433:
Rulers with names in italics are considered fictional.
2547:
8954:
Ilum-gamil Anam of Uruk Irdanene Rim-Anum Nabi-iliĆĄu
2891:
Ramesses III: The Life and Times of Egypt's Last Hero
2551:"Ancestry and Pathology in King Tutankhamun's Family"
2357:
King Ramesses III's throat was slit, analysis reveals
2220:
Egyptologist: Ramses III assassinated in coup attempt
2026:
Ramesses III: The Life and Times of Egypt's Last Hero
8022:
Anbu, Anba, Bazi, Zizi of Mari, Limer, Sharrum-iter
1445:
DNA and possible relationship with his son Pentaware
1173:
beach, slain, and made into heaps from head to tail.
996:, although many of his other sons would rule later.
6491:
2634:, 'The Amarna Period and the later New Kingdom' in
1144:In Year 8 of his reign, the Sea Peoples, including
1125:
Ramses III offering incense, wall painting in KV11.
7825:(King of Lagash, Sumer, Akkad, conqueror of Elam)
2398:"Pharaoh's murder riddle solved after 3,000 years"
2181:
1769:at Ramesses III's mortuary temple at Medinet Habu.
1654:. This transition is defined by the appearance of
967:many other empires fell during the Late Bronze Age
1474:-predictor to share the Y chromosomal haplogroup
1296:, one of his three known wives (the others being
11600:
1951:
1753:Ramesses III's mortuary temple at Medinet Habu.
1441:, he implored Amun to ensure his son's rights.
2813:TOWARDS A HOLOCENE TEPHROCHRONOLOGY FOR SWEDEN
2062:
1887:
6477:
2929:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2114:
2112:
1575:from the foundations of an earlier temple of
11468:. cdli.ox.ac.uk. University of Oxford, CNRS.
11442:
8946:: Alila-hadum Sumu-binasa Naram-Sin of Uruk
7539:"King of Ur and Kish", victorious over Uruk
2602:Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections
2483:
2331:
2317:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2175:
11478:
10695:Seleukos I Nikator Tetradrachm from Babylon
2836:
2422:
2182:Strudwick, Nigel; Strudwick, Helen (1999).
2028:. University of Michigan Press. p. 14.
1626:In April 2021 his mummy was moved from the
1369:that was done in Egypt by Ashraf Selim and
1292:1155 BCE. The conspiracy was instigated by
11619:Pharaohs of the Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt
6484:
6470:
2936:
2922:
2620:Timna, Valley of the Biblical Copper Mines
2236:
2109:
1912:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1563:Medinet Habu temple relief of Ramesses III
11395:Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia and Persia
7991:"King of the four quarters of the world"
2909:Timna: Valley of the Ancient Copper Mines
2772:
2509:
2274:
2186:. Cornell University Press. p. 113.
1567:Ramesses began the reconstruction of the
1090:
11566:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 5.
6346:
2172:, Cambridge University Press 2000, p.247
1813:, c. 1150 BC. Image taken from the book
1641:
1632:National Museum of Egyptian Civilization
1558:
1448:
1352:
1332:
1280:against his life as a result of a royal
1252:
1209:
1120:
1108:
11411:
2889:Eric H. Cline and David O'Connor, eds.
2693:
2687:
2332:Hawass, Zahi; Saleem, Sahar N. (2016).
2023:
170:
14:
11601:
11540:
11538:
11536:
11276:
10506:
10304:
8084:
8075:(Governor of Umma, King of all Sumer)
7979:
6903:
5493:
4858:
3960:
2986:
2746:
1856:
395:The golden falcon, rich in years like
11556:
11401:
11368:
11363:
11354:
11306:
11245:
11240:
11231:
11226:
11217:
11207:
11202:
11197:
11192:
11183:
11049:
11021:
11016:
11011:
11001:
10992:
10982:
10977:
10966:
10957:
10851:
10586:
10493:
10391:
10381:
10267:
10115:
10024:
9846:
9839:
9797:
9721:
9699:
9667:
9653:
9622:
9606:
9480:
9452:
9428:
9383:
9344:
9289:
9225:
9058:
9043:
9020:
9007:
8970:
8820:
8777:
8651:
8627:
8619:
8582:
8520:
8509:
8479:
8463:
8432:
8399:
8379:
8357:
8324:
8233:
8165:
8153:
8112:
8024:
8016:
7944:
7725:
7479:
7472:
7434:
7361:
7343:
7312:
7265:
7231:
7216:
7208:
7195:
7176:
7164:
7147:
7131:
7094:
7047:
7021:
6943:
6908:
6836:
6660:
6629:
6622:
6611:
6592:
6465:
6345:
5462:
4827:
3929:
2955:
2917:
2719:
2595:
2299:from the original on February 2, 2013
2008:
1087:prevails in the cosmos and society".
11509:
5998:
2038:
1809:. The âGreat Harris Papyrusâ at the
1064:day 26 and his death on Year 32 III
1014:Usermaatre-Meryamun Rameses-Heqaiunu
953:to have wielded substantial power.
11533:
2671:An X-ray atlas of the royal mummies
2636:The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
2410:from the original on April 21, 2013
2395:
2350:
2068:"Expedition Magazine - Penn Museum"
1189:
1052:who wrote her name in a cartouche.
138:Strong bull, whose royalty is great
24:
11489:. Getty Publications. p. 14.
11408:Chronology of the Neolithic period
11060:
10690:
10507:
10489:First Achaemenid conquest of Egypt
10274:
10165:
9481:
9453:
9396:
9226:
8833:
8487:
6848:
2883:
2694:Parisse, Emmanuel (5 April 2021).
2596:Keita, S. O. Y. (September 2022).
2484:Hawass, Zahi; et al. (2012).
1841:
1662:) pottery in the coastal plain of
1323:, Ramesses' chief of the chamber,
25:
11670:
11649:12th-century BC murdered monarchs
11065:Coin of Ardashir I, Hamadan mint.
9401:Pharaoh Ahmose I slaying a Hyksos
7212:("made the land of Elam submit")
2902:
49:Relief from the sanctuary of the
11486:Mesopotamia: Civilization Begins
11412:
11402:
8707:
8595:
8590:
8418:
8147:
8142:
7973:
7819:
7814:
7669:
7568:
7499:
7412:
7407:
7277:
7240:
7235:
7225:
7220:
7015:
6665:
6652:
6640:
6605:
1786:
1774:
1758:
1746:
1712:
1700:
1688:
1242:
935:Usermaatre Meryamun Ramesses III
726:
665:
229:
43:
11550:
11503:
11472:
11458:
11436:
11427:
10483:Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt
2805:
2792:
2781:from the original on 2017-03-17
2740:
2713:
2663:
2650:
2641:
2625:
2608:
2589:
2541:
2477:
2464:
2451:
2440:from the original on 2018-02-27
2389:
2369:
2325:
2213:
2200:
2151:
2138:
2125:
2099:
2090:
2056:
2047:
2032:
1648:Late Bronze/Iron Age transition
1598:) is one of the largest in the
623:Ra has fashioned him, ruler of
11418:Rulers of Ancient Central Asia
10556:Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt
10103:Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt
10027:Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt
8589:"Kings of Ur, Sumer and Akkad"
2660:, Checkmark Books, 1998. p.154
2017:
2002:
1985:
1964:. Eisenbrauns. pp. 384â.
1939:
1920:
1881:
1850:
1835:
1793:Ramesses III talking with the
1628:Museum of Egyptian Antiquities
1113:Statue of Ramesses III at the
1039:
13:
1:
11388:Muslim conquest of the Levant
10634:Cleopatra II Philometor Soter
10577:Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt
10562:Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt
10400:Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt
10270:Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt
10071:Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt
9770:Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt
5956:Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator
2897:Conspiracies in ancient Egypt
1888:Van de Mieroop, Marc (2021).
1828:
976:. He was assassinated in the
612:
498:
384:
257:
127:
9937:Fourth Babylonian dynasty ("
6671:(Uruk influence or control)
2943:
1816:The Search for Ancient Egypt
1579:and completed the Temple of
1502:The Great Harris Papyrus or
1363:Ramesses: Mummy King Mystery
1055:
1044:Ramesses III was the son of
7:
11659:Deaths by stabbing in Egypt
10631:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
9670:Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt
9469:Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt
9016:Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt
9010:Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt
8270:(Vassals of the Akkadians)
7257:Indus-Mesopotamia relations
6658:(Anonymous "King-priests")
6613:Egypt-Mesopotamia relations
5889:Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator
2658:The Encyclopedia of Mummies
2386:, Monday, December 17, 2012
1724:Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
1720:Ramesses III prisoner tiles
1357:Cartouches of Ramesses III.
1269:Thanks to the discovery of
1105:Ramesses III prisoner tiles
10:
11675:
11423:
11258:Sasanian conquest of Egypt
10685:
10568:Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt
10452:
10426:
10378:Assyrian conquest of Egypt
9724:Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt
9489:Third Babylonian dynasty (
9386:Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt
9348:Second Intermediate Period
8158:(vassal of the Akkadians)
7546:
6691:Early or legendary kings:
4788:Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef
4172:Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep
3936:Second Intermediate Period
2722:Israel Exploration Journal
1890:A history of ancient Egypt
1681:
1605:In 1980, James Harris and
1348:summaries of the sentences
1246:
1094:
980:led by his secondary wife
717:
680:
675:
636:
523:
492:Prenomen (Praenomen)
466:
437:
434:
412:
352:
318:
315:
293:
220:
181:
176:
152:
11644:Ancient murdered monarchs
11392:
11385:
11378:
11349:
11299:
11296:
11255:
11214:
11180:
11161:
11003:Parthamaspates of Parthia
10989:
10954:
10813:
10781:
10574:
10553:
10480:
10477:
10383:Assyrian conquest of Elam
10376:
10264:
10230:
10164:
10125:
9989:
9978:
9935:
9763:Third Intermediate Period
9578:
9449:
9293:Second Babylonian dynasty
9238:("Old Babylonian Period")
9004:
8956:
8720:
8688:
8660:Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt
8632:
8616:
8563:
8560:
8543:
8465:
8450:
8409:
8376:
8322:
8306:
8280:
8272:
8243:
8168:First Intermediate Period
8162:
8138:
8094:
8079:
8063:
8038:
8029:
8003:
7998:
7810:
7789:
7770:
7761:
7722:
7697:
7680:
7656:
7643:
7638:
7624:
7609:
7600:
7552:
7528:
7453:
7393:
7376:
7341:
7320:
7314:Early Dynastic Period III
7262:
7246:
7174:
7172:
7161:
7088:
7039:
7029:
6940:
6917:
6833:
6764:
6695:
6678:
6675:
6616:
6589:
6516:
6500:
6450:
6352:
6341:
6239:Lucius Mussius Aemilianus
5983:
5929:Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos
5824:
5796:
5781:
5744:
5716:
5676:
5658:
5608:
5541:
5526:
5484:
5480:
5458:
5408:
5385:
5318:
5241:
5179:
5131:
5116:
5049:
4996:
4908:
4893:
4849:
4845:
4834:Third Intermediate Period
4823:
4746:
4705:
4613:
4545:
4393:
4161:
4146:
4082:
4056:
4008:
3993:
3951:
3947:
3925:
3880:
3840:
3715:
3700:
3634:
3576:
3519:
3460:
3445:
3335:
3264:
3249:
3150:
3034:
3019:
2977:
2973:
2962:First Intermediate Period
2951:
2774:10.1017/S0033822200035414
2396:AFP (December 18, 2012).
2375:British Medical Journal,
2170:Cambridge Ancient History
1497:
1197:Set Maat her imenty Waset
922:
912:
894:
886:
878:
868:
858:
770:
752:
679:
611:
604:
497:
490:
436:
383:
376:
317:
256:
249:
180:
126:
119:
108:
98:
88:
76:
69:
62:
42:
37:
32:
11654:Late Bronze Age collapse
11624:Ancient Egyptian mummies
11614:12th-century BC pharaohs
11381:Muslim conquest of Egypt
10845:Antiochus XIII Asiaticus
10676:Cleopatra VII Philopator
10173:Eight Babylonian Dynasty
9235:First Babylonian dynasty
8973:Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt
8477:(vassal of the Gutians)
8174:Seventh Dynasty of Egypt
7166:Early Dynastic Period II
5951:Cleopatra VII Philopator
4208:Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI
2966: (<3150â2040 BC)
2616:The Reign of Ramesses IV
2472:Ancient Records of Egypt
2459:Ancient Records of Egypt
2208:Ancient Records of Egypt
2146:Ancient Records of Egypt
2133:Ancient Records of Egypt
2120:Ancient Records of Egypt
1857:Cifola, Barbara (1988).
1844:The Art of Ancient Egypt
1288:On day 15 of month 2 of
1284:during a celebration at
1131:Late Bronze Age collapse
1075:from Medinet Habu, four
1071:In a description of his
11466:"Rulers of Mesopotamia"
11209:Province of Mesopotamia
11018:Province of Mesopotamia
10994:Province of Mesopotamia
10969:Roman conquest of Egypt
10810:Antigonus II Mattathias
10604:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
10177:Ninurta-kudurri-usur II
8654:Middle Kingdom of Egypt
8180:Eighth Dynasty of Egypt
7488:Fourth Dynasty of Egypt
7023:Early Dynastic Period I
6946:Second Dynasty of Egypt
5924:Ptolemy XI Alexander II
5839:Ptolemy II Philadelphus
4133:Seankhibtawy Seankhibra
2747:Hagens, Graham (2006).
2366:. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
2255:British Medical Journal
1636:Pharaohs' Golden Parade
1392:British Medical Journal
1004:Ramesses (also written
999:
38:Ramses III, Rameses III
11066:
10848:Philip II Philoromaeus
10842:Antiochus XII Dionysus
10836:Demetrius III Eucaerus
10833:Antiochus XI Epiphanes
10824:Antiochus IX Cyzicenus
10696:
10664:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
10619:Arsinoe III Philopator
10512:
10280:
10170:
10007:Ninurta-kudurri-usur I
9939:Second Dynasty of Isin
9486:
9459:
9402:
9231:
9114:(Non-dynastic usurpers
8838:
8523:Tenth Dynasty of Egypt
8492:
8382:Ninth Dynasty of Egypt
7947:Sixth Dynasty of Egypt
7728:Fifth Dynasty of Egypt
7555:Second kingdom of Mari
7268:Third Dynasty of Egypt
7202:Dumuzid, the Fisherman
6854:
6845:First Dynasty of Egypt
5966:Ptolemy XIV Philopator
5945:Cleopatra VI Tryphaena
5939:Berenice IV Epiphaneia
5894:Ptolemy VIII Euergetes
5864:Arsinoe III Philopator
4778:Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef
4248:Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw
4188:Sekhemkare Amenemhat V
3779:Neferkare VI Pepiseneb
2865:10.1006/qres.2002.2325
2148:, Part Four, §§446-450
2135:, Part Four, §§416-417
2122:, Part Four, §§423-456
2024:Kitchen, K.A. (2012).
1564:
1557:
1466:
1417:
1358:
1342:
1266:
1215:
1175:
1126:
1118:
1091:Tenure of constant war
1024:is strong, Beloved of
261:Werhabused mi Tatenen
57:depicting Ramesses III
11452:The Ancient Near East
11370:Byzantine Mesopotamia
11284:Province of Asoristan
11247:Byzantine Mesopotamia
11064:
11057:Province of Asoristan
10839:Philip I Philadelphus
10827:Seleucus VI Epiphanes
10821:Antiochus VIII Grypus
10818:Seleucus V Philometor
10773:Antiochus VII Sidetes
10767:Antiochus VI Dionysus
10694:
10667:Berenice IV Epiphanea
10628:Ptolemy VI Philometor
10616:Ptolemy IV Philopator
10613:Berenice II Euergetis
10610:Ptolemy III Euergetes
10511:
10429:Neo-Babylonian Empire
10339:Marduk-apla-iddina II
10336:Marduk-zakir-shumi II
10327:Marduk-apla-iddina II
10278:
10233:Humban-Tahrid dynasty
10169:
9890:Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur
9580:Middle Elamite period
9485:
9457:
9400:
9230:
8837:
8491:
8246:Third kingdom of Mari
7967:Merenre Nemtyemsaf II
7042:First kingdom of Mari
6852:
6839:Early Dynastic Period
6681:Proto-Dynastic period
5914:Ptolemy X Alexander I
5879:Ptolemy VI Philometor
5859:Ptolemy IV Philopator
5854:Berenice II Euergetes
5849:Ptolemy III Euergetes
5811:Philip III Arrhidaeus
4320:Khahotepre Sobekhotep
4315:Merhotepre Sobekhotep
3669:Merenre Nemtyemsaf II
2567:10.1001/jama.2010.121
2009:James, Peter (2017),
1765:A painted ceiling of
1642:Chronological dispute
1562:
1552:
1452:
1413:
1356:
1336:
1256:
1213:
1170:
1124:
1112:
1095:Further information:
901:; Mummy found in the
264:Wr-áž„Ëb.w-sd-mj-T3-áčŻnn
10815:Alexander II Zabinas
10679:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
10655:Ptolemy XI Alexander
10637:Ptolemy VIII Physcon
10192:Marduk-zakir-shumi I
10180:Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina
10004:Eulmash-shakin-shumi
9945:Marduk-kabit-ahheshu
9569:Marduk-apla-iddina I
9463:New Kingdom of Egypt
9286:Early Kassite rulers
8580:(Vassals of Ur III)
8561:(Vassals of UR III)
7961:Merenre Nemtyemsaf I
7931:Mesh-ki-ang-Nanna II
7482:Old Kingdom of Egypt
6347:Dynastic genealogies
5971:Ptolemy XV Caesarion
5267:Tutkheperre Shoshenq
5181:High Priests of Amun
4683:Merankhre Mentuhotep
4385:Seheqenre Sankhptahi
4380:Sewadjare Mentuhotep
4233:Khaankhre Sobekhotep
3940: (2040â1550 BC)
3659:Merenre Nemtyemsaf I
1695:Ramesses III's mummy
1439:Great Harris Papyrus
890:1155 BC (aged 61-62)
798:By Isis Ta-Hemdjert:
502:Usermaatre Meriamun
11320:Shapur-i Shahrvaraz
10830:Antiochus X Eusebes
10658:Ptolemy XII Auletes
10649:Ptolemy X Alexander
10643:Ptolemy IX Lathyros
10622:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
10307:Neo-Assyrian Empire
10195:Marduk-balassu-iqbi
10128:Neo-Assyrian Empire
9951:Ninurta-nadin-shumi
9842:Syro-Hittite states
9548:Shagarakti-Shuriash
9221:Ashur-nadin-ahhe II
8215:Neferkare Pepiseneb
8114:Akkadian Governors:
6618:Pre-Dynastic period
5869:Ptolemy V Epiphanes
5806:Alexander the Great
4838: (1550â664 BC)
4360:Mershepsesre Ini II
4355:Merkawre Sobekhotep
3749:Neferkare IV Khendu
2857:2002QuRes..57..314V
2845:Quaternary Research
2765:2006Radcb..48...83H
2403:The Daily Telegraph
2233:, December 17, 2012
2144:James H. Breasted,
2131:James H. Breasted,
1600:Valley of the Kings
1101:Battle of the Delta
984:and her eldest son
908:(Theban Necropolis)
505:Wsr-m3Ët-RË-mrj-Jmn
388:Userrenput mi Atum
11546:Sumerian King List
11360:Palaestina Secunda
11237:Palaestina Secunda
11067:
10798:Alexander Jannaeus
10697:
10687:Hellenistic Period
10513:
10281:
10259:Humban-haltash III
10223:Nabu-shuma-ukin II
10171:
10136:Tukulti-Ninurta II
10117:Kingdom of Samaria
10013:Mar-biti-apla-usur
10010:Shirikti-shuqamuna
9980:Neo-Elamite period
9963:Marduk-shapik-zeri
9948:Itti-Marduk-balatu
9929:Tiglath-Pileser II
9926:Ashur-resh-ishi II
9881:Enlil-kudurri-usur
9572:Zababa-shuma-iddin
9557:Kadashman-Harbe II
9542:Kadashman-Enlil II
9487:
9460:
9403:
9232:
9218:Ashur-rim-nisheshu
9215:Ashur-bel-nisheshu
9206:Ashur-nadin-ahhe I
8965:Siwe-Palar-Khuppak
8839:
8493:
7868:Lugal-kinishe-dudu
7249:Old Elamite period
7141:Mesh-ki-ang-gasher
6994:Sekhemib-Perenmaat
6911:Jemdet Nasr period
6855:
6206:Trebonianus Gallus
4793:Senakhtenre Ahmose
4411:Ya'ammu Nubwoserre
4365:Sewahenre Senebmiu
4340:Sankhenre Sewadjtu
3769:Neferkare V Tereru
3739:Neferkare III Neby
3407:Sekhemib-Perenmaat
2829:2008-12-01 at the
2818:2009-04-07 at the
2382:2019-05-18 at the
2362:2018-05-04 at the
2225:2018-03-02 at the
2043:, pp. 161â168
1565:
1467:
1359:
1343:
1339:Fitzwilliam Museum
1267:
1216:
1127:
1119:
1115:Rockefeller Museum
619:RË msj sw áž„q3 Jwnw
11596:
11595:
11590:
11589:
11586:
11585:
11573:978-1-62564-606-4
11558:Unger, Merrill F.
11526:978-0-14-193825-7
11496:978-1-60606-649-2
11263:Province of Egypt
11194:Province of Egypt
10974:Province of Egypt
10716:Antigonid dynasty
10516:Achaemenid Empire
10437:Nebuchadnezzar II
10345:Ashur-nadin-shumi
10214:Nabu-shuma-ishkun
10186:Nabu-shuma-ukin I
10001:Kashshu-nadin-ahi
9969:Marduk-ahhe-eriba
9960:Marduk-nadin-ahhe
9902:Asharid-apal-Ekur
9899:Tiglath-Pileser I
9896:Ashur-resh-ishi I
9884:Ninurta-apal-Ekur
9872:Tukulti-Ninurta I
9819:Kingdom of Israel
9787:Osorkon the Elder
9708:Shutrukid dynasty
9593:Igehalkid dynasty
9560:Adad-shuma-iddina
9554:Enlil-nadin-shumi
9521:Kadashman-Enlil I
9515:Kadashman-harbe I
8959:Sukkalmah dynasty
8823:Isin-Larsa period
8645:Shimashki Dynasty
8371:Puzur-Inshushinak
7970:Netjerkare Siptah
7740:Neferirkare Kakai
7285:Egyptian pyramids
6494:Ancient Near East
6459:
6458:
6446:
6445:
6337:
6336:
6333:
6332:
6329:
6328:
6253:Claudius Gothicus
6147:Severus Alexander
6114:Septimius Severus
5979:
5978:
5777:
5776:
5522:
5521:
5454:
5453:
5450:
5449:
5446:
5445:
5161:Osorkon the Elder
5112:
5111:
4889:
4888:
4819:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4811:
4810:
4783:Nubkheperre Intef
4663:Sekhemre Shedwast
4285:Sehetepkare Intef
4213:Semenkare Nebnuni
4142:
4141:
3989:
3988:
3921:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3696:
3695:
3674:Netjerkare Siptah
3596:Neferirkare Kakai
3441:
3440:
3245:
3244:
3015:
3014:
2502:10.1136/bmj.e8268
2474:, Part Four, §246
2343:978-977-416-673-0
2267:10.1136/bmj.e8268
2039:Kahn, D. (2016),
1971:978-1-57506-004-0
1616:20th Dynasty
1612:19th Dynasty
1488:Short Tandem loci
1274:trial transcripts
943:Twentieth Dynasty
932:
931:
927:20th Dynasty
746:
745:
742:
741:
738:
737:
734:
733:
721:
720:
713:
712:
709:
708:
656:
655:
652:
651:
616:Ramesisu Heqaiunu
600:
599:
596:
595:
592:
591:
585:
584:
577:
576:
486:
485:
482:
481:
478:
477:
470:
469:
464:
463:
460:
459:
428:
427:
424:
423:
391:Wsr-rnp.wt-mj-Jtm
372:
371:
368:
367:
364:
363:
356:
355:
350:
349:
346:
345:
309:
308:
305:
304:
245:
244:
241:
240:
237:
236:
224:
223:
216:
215:
212:
211:
168:
167:
164:
163:
16:(Redirected from
11666:
11578:
11577:
11554:
11548:
11542:
11531:
11530:
11507:
11501:
11500:
11479:Thomas, Ariane;
11476:
11470:
11469:
11462:
11456:
11455:
11440:
11434:
11431:
11416:
11406:
11356:Palaestina Prima
11302:Byzantine Empire
11233:Palaestina Prima
11220:Byzantine Empire
11199:Syria Palaestina
11164:Palmyrene Empire
11150:Bahram VI Chobin
11013:Syria Palaestina
10801:Salome Alexandra
10784:Kingdom of Judea
10770:Diodotus Tryphon
10625:Cleopatra I Syra
10601:Ptolemy Keraunos
10369:Ashur-uballit II
10366:Sin-shumu-lishir
10360:Ashur-etil-ilani
10315:Sargonid dynasty
10208:Marduk-apla-usur
10189:Nabu-apla-iddina
10183:Shamash-mudammiq
10139:Ashurnasirpal II
10122:Kingdom of Judah
9966:Adad-apla-iddina
9957:Enlil-nadin-apli
9954:Nebuchadnezzar I
9878:Ashur-nirari III
9875:Ashur-nadin-apli
9713:Shutruk-Nakhunte
9598:Untash-Napirisha
9587:Kidinuid dynasty
9185:Shamshi-Adad III
8893:Dynasty of Larsa
8711:
8599:
8594:
8422:
8275:Shar-Kali-Sharri
8209:Neferkare Tereru
8197:Neferkare Khendu
8151:
8146:
7977:
7936:Kiku-siwe-tempti
7823:
7818:
7673:
7602:Kish III dynasty
7572:
7503:
7416:
7411:
7316:(2600â2340 BCE)
7281:
7244:
7239:
7229:
7224:
7168:(2700â2600 BCE)
7025:(2900â2700 BCE)
7019:
6936:(3100â2700 BCE)
6915:(3100â2900 BCE)
6669:
6656:
6644:
6620:(4000â2900 BCE)
6609:
6508:
6507:
6504:
6503:
6486:
6479:
6472:
6463:
6462:
6453:List of pharaohs
6343:
6342:
6108:Pescennius Niger
5996:
5995:
5992:
5991:
5904:Ptolemy IX Soter
5874:Cleopatra I Syra
5794:
5793:
5790:
5789:
5539:
5538:
5535:
5534:
5491:
5490:
5482:
5481:
5475:
5474:
5460:
5459:
5211:Djedkhonsuefankh
5129:
5128:
5125:
5124:
4906:
4905:
4902:
4901:
4876:
4871:
4856:
4855:
4847:
4846:
4840:
4839:
4825:
4824:
4418:Qareh Khawoserre
4404:Yakbim Sekhaenre
4345:Mersekhemre Ined
4159:
4158:
4155:
4154:
4006:
4005:
4002:
4001:
3958:
3957:
3949:
3948:
3942:
3941:
3927:
3926:
3713:
3712:
3709:
3708:
3458:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3262:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3032:
3031:
3028:
3027:
2984:
2983:
2975:
2974:
2968:
2967:
2953:
2952:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2915:
2914:
2877:
2876:
2840:
2834:
2809:
2803:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2776:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2667:
2661:
2654:
2648:
2645:
2639:
2632:Jacobus Van Dijk
2629:
2623:
2612:
2606:
2605:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2513:
2496:(e8268): e8268.
2481:
2475:
2470:J. H. Breasted,
2468:
2462:
2457:J. H. Breasted,
2455:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2393:
2387:
2373:
2367:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2316:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2278:
2245:
2234:
2217:
2211:
2206:J. H. Breasted,
2204:
2198:
2197:
2179:
2173:
2167:
2158:
2155:
2149:
2142:
2136:
2129:
2123:
2118:J. H. Breasted,
2116:
2107:
2103:
2097:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2060:
2054:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2006:
2000:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1924:
1918:
1917:
1911:
1903:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1839:
1819:(p. 91) by
1790:
1778:
1762:
1750:
1716:
1704:
1692:
1671:Hekla 3 eruption
1569:Temple of Khonsu
1504:Papyrus Harris I
1379:Cairo University
1373:, professors of
1302:Iset Ta-Hemdjert
1282:harem conspiracy
1249:Harem conspiracy
1205:Hekla 3 eruption
1190:Economic turmoil
1160:of the sea, and
978:Harem conspiracy
815:Montuherkhopshef
782:Amenherkhepeshef
761:Isis Ta-Hemdjert
730:
729:
685:
684:
681:
673:
669:
668:
662:
641:
640:
637:
633:
613:
553:
552:
545:
544:
528:
527:
524:
499:
442:
441:
438:
432:
417:
416:
413:
409:
405:
404:
385:
323:
322:
319:
313:
298:
297:
294:
290:
286:
285:
258:
233:
232:
186:
185:
182:
174:
157:
156:
153:
149:
145:
144:
128:
117:
116:
51:Temple of Khonsu
47:
30:
29:
21:
11674:
11673:
11669:
11668:
11667:
11665:
11664:
11663:
11599:
11598:
11597:
11592:
11591:
11582:
11581:
11574:
11555:
11551:
11543:
11534:
11527:
11508:
11504:
11497:
11477:
11473:
11464:
11463:
11459:
11441:
11437:
11432:
11428:
11365:Byzantine Syria
11351:Byzantine Egypt
11326:Farrukh Hormizd
11286:
11282:
11279:Sasanian Empire
11265:
11261:
11242:Byzantine Syria
11228:Byzantine Egypt
11167:
11059:
11055:
11052:Sasanian Empire
10972:
10877:Mithridates III
10857:
10854:Parthian Empire
10787:
10726:Seleucid Empire
10723:
10713:
10689:
10598:Ptolemy I Soter
10596:
10593:Ptolemaic Egypt
10565:
10559:
10519:
10501:
10497:
10495:Kings of Byblos
10486:
10458:
10432:
10403:
10397:
10371:
10351:Mushezib-Marduk
10321:Tiglath-Pileser
10319:
10310:
10287:
10273:
10257:
10253:
10249:
10245:
10241:
10237:
10236:
10228:
10226:Nabu-mukin-zeri
10220:Nabu-nadin-zeri
10205:Marduk-bel-zeri
10198:Baba-aha-iddina
10175:
10152:Adad-nirari III
10142:Shalmaneser III
10131:
10120:
10119:
10106:
10100:
10099:
10097:Menkheperre Ini
10074:
10067:
10066:
10030:
10016:NabĂ»-mukin-apli
9993:
9982:(1100â540 BCE)
9975:Nabu-shum-libur
9943:
9920:Ashur-nirari IV
9914:Ashurnasirpal I
9911:Shamshi-Adad IV
9857:Ashur-uballit I
9852:
9834:
9830:
9826:
9822:
9816:
9815:
9811:
9807:
9805:Kings of Byblos
9803:
9773:
9766:
9760:
9759:
9728:
9727:
9711:
9705:
9673:
9660:
9659:
9641:Neferneferuaten
9601:
9600:
9596:
9590:
9584:
9583:(1500â1100 BCE)
9575:Enlil-nadin-ahi
9563:Adad-shuma-usur
9551:Kashtiliashu IV
9539:Kadashman-Turgu
9524:Burnaburiash II
9503:Kashtiliash III
9495:
9472:
9466:
9436:
9435:(1600â1260 BCE)
9434:
9404:
9395:
9389:
9377:
9371:
9367:
9361:
9357:
9351:
9331:
9326:Peshgaldaramesh
9321:
9311:
9301:
9297:Sealand Dynasty
9294:
9291:
9290:
9284:
9283:
9246:
9239:
9237:
9212:Ashur-nirari II
9191:Puzur-Ashur III
9179:Shamshi-Adad II
9150:
9148:
9146:Adaside dynasty
9143:
9142:
9117:
9115:
9113:
9112:
9075:
9073:
9071:
9064:
9055:
9049:
9038:
9034:
9032:Kings of Byblos
9030:
9024:
9013:
8976:
8963:
8962:
8944:Uruk VI dynasty
8942:
8891:
8842:Dynasty of Isin
8832:
8826:
8815:
8811:
8807:
8803:
8799:
8795:
8791:
8787:
8783:
8758:
8752:
8745:
8741:
8740:
8739:
8737:
8733:
8729:
8712:
8706:
8702:
8696:
8693:
8663:
8657:
8639:
8600:
8588:
8579:
8575:
8571:
8567:
8550:
8540:
8526:
8510:
8502:
8498:
8494:
8483:
8476:
8472:
8458:
8454:
8445:
8441:
8440:
8438:
8427:
8423:
8417:
8413:
8404:(2150â2000 BCE)
8385:
8369:
8365:
8361:
8355:
8351:
8347:
8343:
8339:
8335:
8331:
8317:
8313:
8301:
8297:
8273:
8269:
8265:
8261:
8257:
8256:
8254:
8249:
8239:
8194:Djedkare Shemai
8183:
8177:
8171:
8157:
8128:
8124:
8120:
8116:
8103:Sargon of Akkad
8101:
8100:
8097:Akkadian Empire
8089:(2340â2150 BCE)
8087:Akkadian Period
8074:
8070:
8058:
8054:
8033:
8021:
8011:
8007:
7990:
7986:
7972:
7950:
7929:
7927:
7915:
7911:
7907:
7896:
7892:
7888:
7879:
7870:
7856:
7852:
7840:
7836:
7824:
7795:
7792:
7786:
7774:
7765:
7732:
7731:
7715:
7711:
7707:
7703:
7692:
7688:
7684:
7675:
7674:
7668:
7664:
7663:
7651:
7650:
7634:
7631:
7619:
7615:
7604:
7595:
7591:
7587:
7583:
7579:
7575:
7574:
7573:
7567:
7563:
7559:
7558:
7550:(2500-539 BCE)
7538:
7534:
7504:
7498:
7491:
7485:
7467:
7463:
7459:
7447:
7443:
7439:
7427:
7421:
7417:
7403:
7399:
7389:
7386:
7382:
7370:
7366:
7356:
7352:
7350:
7336:
7332:
7328:
7324:
7288:
7282:
7276:
7272:
7271:
7255:
7254:
7253:(2700â1500 BCE)
7252:
7200:
7189:
7152:("conqueror of
7138:
7122:
7115:
7105:
7091:
7072:
7068:
7063:
7054:
7045:
7037:
7034:
7014:
6950:
6949:
6935:
6929:
6923:
6914:
6856:
6842:
6829:
6770:
6701:
6690:
6684:
6670:
6664:
6657:
6651:
6645:
6639:
6638:
6637:(4000â3100 BCE)
6636:
6630:
6604:
6598:
6570:
6551:
6541:
6514:
6512:
6496:
6490:
6460:
6455:
6442:
6348:
6325:
6225:Macrianus Minor
6154:Maximinus Thrax
6090:Marcus Aurelius
5989:
5988:
5987:
5975:
5834:Ptolemy I Soter
5820:
5787:
5786:
5785:
5773:
5740:
5712:
5672:
5654:
5634:Psammetichus IV
5604:
5532:
5531:
5530:
5518:
5496:
5487:
5476:
5473:(664 BCâ313 AD)
5472:
5471:
5442:
5404:
5381:
5377:Menkheperre Ini
5314:
5237:
5175:
5122:
5121:
5120:
5108:
5045:
4992:
4973:Neferneferuaten
4899:
4898:
4897:
4885:
4884:
4874:
4869:
4868:Pharaohs
4861:
4852:
4841:
4837:
4836:
4807:
4742:
4701:
4628:Sobekhotep VIII
4609:
4541:
4389:
4350:Sewadjkare Hori
4152:
4151:
4150:
4138:
4078:
4052:
3999:
3998:
3997:
3985:
3963:
3954:
3943:
3939:
3938:
3909:
3876:
3836:
3744:Djedkare Shemai
3706:
3705:
3704:
3692:
3630:
3572:
3515:
3451:
3450:
3449:
3437:
3331:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3241:
3146:
3025:
3024:
3023:
3011:
2989:
2980:
2969:
2965:
2964:
2947:
2942:
2905:
2886:
2884:Further reading
2881:
2880:
2841:
2837:
2831:Wayback Machine
2820:Wayback Machine
2810:
2806:
2797:
2793:
2784:
2782:
2745:
2741:
2728:(2/3): 95â107.
2718:
2714:
2704:
2702:
2692:
2688:
2681:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2655:
2651:
2647:Van Dijk, p.305
2646:
2642:
2630:
2626:
2613:
2609:
2594:
2590:
2546:
2542:
2532:
2530:
2482:
2478:
2469:
2465:
2456:
2452:
2443:
2441:
2428:
2427:
2423:
2413:
2411:
2394:
2390:
2384:Wayback Machine
2374:
2370:
2364:Wayback Machine
2355:
2351:
2344:
2330:
2326:
2310:
2309:
2302:
2300:
2246:
2237:
2229:, Dan Vergano,
2227:Wayback Machine
2218:
2214:
2205:
2201:
2194:
2180:
2176:
2168:
2161:
2156:
2152:
2143:
2139:
2130:
2126:
2117:
2110:
2104:
2100:
2095:
2091:
2081:
2079:
2072:www.penn.museum
2061:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2037:
2033:
2022:
2018:
2007:
2003:
1990:
1986:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1956:
1952:
1944:
1940:
1925:
1921:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1886:
1882:
1855:
1851:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1824:
1821:Jean Vercoutter
1791:
1782:
1779:
1770:
1763:
1754:
1751:
1742:
1726:. From left: 2
1717:
1708:
1705:
1696:
1693:
1684:
1644:
1607:Edward F. Wente
1500:
1463:Egyptian Museum
1447:
1251:
1245:
1192:
1107:
1097:Battle of Djahy
1093:
1058:
1042:
1016:, meaning "The
1002:
937:was the second
854:
851:(only daughter)
824:
820:
819:
777:
748:
747:
727:
695:
666:
648:
621:
617:
572:
537:
532:
522:
507:
503:
393:
389:
332:
327:
266:
262:
230:
207:
190:
136:
132:
131:Kanakht Aanisut
114:
83:
82:32 regnal years
72:
58:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11672:
11662:
11661:
11656:
11651:
11646:
11641:
11639:1155 BC deaths
11636:
11634:1217 BC births
11631:
11626:
11621:
11616:
11611:
11594:
11593:
11588:
11587:
11584:
11583:
11580:
11579:
11572:
11549:
11532:
11525:
11502:
11495:
11481:Potts, Timothy
11471:
11457:
11435:
11425:
11424:
11421:
11420:
11410:
11399:
11398:
11391:
11384:
11377:
11373:
11372:
11367:
11362:
11353:
11347:
11346:
11305:
11298:
11294:
11293:
11275:
11254:
11250:
11249:
11244:
11239:
11230:
11224:
11223:
11216:
11212:
11211:
11206:
11201:
11196:
11190:
11189:
11182:
11178:
11177:
11160:
11156:
11155:
11048:
11044:
11043:
11020:
11015:
11010:
11006:
11005:
11000:
10991:
10987:
10986:
10981:
10976:
10964:
10963:
10956:
10955:30 BCEâ116 CE
10952:
10951:
10889:Mithridates IV
10871:Mithridates II
10850:
10812:
10807:Aristobulus II
10780:
10776:
10775:
10700:Argead dynasty
10684:
10589:Argead dynasty
10585:
10581:
10580:
10572:
10571:
10551:
10550:
10542:Artaxerxes III
10505:
10503:Kings of Sidon
10492:
10479:
10475:
10474:
10451:
10446:Labashi-Marduk
10425:
10390:
10386:
10385:
10380:
10374:
10373:
10348:Nergal-ushezib
10303:
10284:Black Pharaohs
10266:
10262:
10261:
10229:
10202:Ninurta-apla-X
10163:
10161:Ashur-nirari V
10155:Shalmaneser IV
10145:Shamshi-Adad V
10133:Adad-nirari II
10124:
10114:
10023:
10019:
10018:
9988:
9984:
9983:
9977:
9934:
9917:Shalmaneser II
9905:Ashur-bel-kala
9893:Mutakkil-Nusku
9849:Middle Assyria
9845:
9838:
9813:Kings of Sidon
9796:
9720:
9719:1155â1025 BCE
9716:
9715:
9702:Elamite Empire
9698:
9665:
9664:
9656:Hittite Empire
9652:
9620:
9619:
9604:
9603:
9577:
9566:Meli-Shipak II
9536:Nazi-Maruttash
9500:Burnaburiash I
9479:
9451:
9450:1531â1155 BCE
9447:
9446:
9427:
9382:
9342:
9341:
9288:
9224:
9209:Enlil-Nasir II
9188:Ashur-nirari I
9182:Ishme-Dagan II
9173:Sharma-Adad II
9125:Ashur-apla-idi
9116:1735â1701 BCE)
9095:Ashur-apla-idi
9077:Shamshi-Adad I
9072:1808â1736 BCE)
9057:
9052:Yamhad dynasty
9042:
9040:Kings of Sidon
9019:
9006:
9005:1800â1595 BCE
9002:
9001:
8968:
8967:
8955:
8819:
8809:Puzur-Ashur II
8776:
8719:
8686:
8685:
8680:Mentuhotep III
8649:
8648:
8631:
8626:
8618:
8617:2025-1763 BCE
8614:
8613:
8585:Ur III dynasty
8581:
8562:
8559:
8555:
8554:
8542:
8531:Neferkare VIII
8519:
8515:
8514:
8507:
8506:
8478:
8464:
8462:
8449:
8435:Gutian dynasty
8431:
8407:
8406:
8398:
8393:Nebkaure Khety
8387:Meryibre Khety
8378:
8374:
8373:
8356:
8323:
8321:
8305:
8278:
8277:
8271:
8242:
8232:
8218:Neferkamin Anu
8191:Neferkare Neby
8164:
8160:
8159:
8155:Lugal-ushumgal
8152:
8137:
8133:
8132:
8111:
8092:
8091:
8083:
8081:
8077:
8076:
8062:
8049:
8047:
8043:
8042:
8037:
8028:
8023:
8015:
8002:
7997:
7993:
7992:
7988:Lugalannemundu
7978:
7943:
7939:
7938:
7933:
7919:
7902:
7883:
7874:
7865:
7860:
7844:
7831:
7827:
7826:
7809:
7804:
7800:
7799:
7788:
7779:
7778:
7769:
7760:
7755:Djedkare Isesi
7752:Menkauhor Kaiu
7724:
7720:
7719:
7696:
7679:
7655:
7653:Pabilgagaltuku
7642:
7637:
7623:
7612:Akshak dynasty
7608:
7599:
7551:
7545:
7541:
7540:
7527:
7478:
7474:
7473:
7471:
7452:
7437:Enun-dara-anna
7432:
7431:
7392:
7375:
7360:
7342:
7340:
7318:
7317:
7311:
7264:
7260:
7259:
7245:
7230:
7214:
7213:
7206:
7205:
7194:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7169:
7163:
7159:
7158:
7145:
7144:
7130:
7093:
7086:
7085:
7061:Kullassina-bel
7046:
7038:
7027:
7026:
7020:
6942:
6938:
6937:
6916:
6907:
6902:
6853:Narmer Palette
6835:
6834:3100â2900 BCE
6831:
6830:
6763:
6693:
6692:
6677:
6676:3200â3100 BCE
6673:
6672:
6659:
6627:
6626:
6621:
6615:
6610:
6591:
6590:4000â3200 BCE
6587:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6565:
6560:
6555:
6545:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6502:
6501:
6498:
6497:
6492:Rulers of the
6489:
6488:
6481:
6474:
6466:
6457:
6456:
6451:
6448:
6447:
6444:
6443:
6441:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6362:
6359:
6353:
6350:
6349:
6339:
6338:
6335:
6334:
6331:
6330:
6327:
6326:
6324:
6323:
6321:Maximinus Daza
6318:
6313:
6308:
6303:
6296:
6289:
6282:
6277:
6270:
6263:
6256:
6249:
6242:
6235:
6228:
6221:
6216:
6209:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6185:
6178:
6171:
6164:
6157:
6150:
6143:
6136:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6111:
6104:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6080:Antoninus Pius
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6004:
6002:
5993:
5990:(30 BCâ313 AD)
5981:
5980:
5977:
5976:
5974:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5830:
5828:
5822:
5821:
5819:
5818:
5813:
5808:
5802:
5800:
5791:
5779:
5778:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5754:Artaxerxes III
5750:
5748:
5742:
5741:
5739:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5722:
5720:
5714:
5713:
5711:
5710:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5682:
5680:
5674:
5673:
5671:
5670:
5664:
5662:
5656:
5655:
5653:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5630:
5625:
5623:Petubastis III
5620:
5614:
5612:
5606:
5605:
5603:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5560:
5555:
5547:
5545:
5536:
5524:
5523:
5520:
5519:
5517:
5516:
5511:
5510:
5509:
5506:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5488:
5485:
5478:
5477:
5456:
5455:
5452:
5451:
5448:
5447:
5444:
5443:
5441:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5414:
5412:
5406:
5405:
5403:
5402:
5397:
5391:
5389:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5379:
5374:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5324:
5322:
5316:
5315:
5313:
5312:
5307:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5247:
5245:
5239:
5238:
5236:
5235:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5191:
5185:
5183:
5177:
5176:
5174:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5137:
5135:
5126:
5118:3 Intermediate
5114:
5113:
5110:
5109:
5107:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5055:
5053:
5047:
5046:
5044:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5002:
5000:
4994:
4993:
4991:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4914:
4912:
4903:
4900:(1550â1070 BC)
4891:
4890:
4887:
4886:
4883:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4865:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4853:
4850:
4843:
4842:
4821:
4820:
4817:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4809:
4808:
4806:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4758:
4752:
4750:
4744:
4743:
4741:
4740:
4733:
4726:
4719:
4711:
4709:
4703:
4702:
4700:
4699:
4692:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4633:Neferhotep III
4630:
4625:
4619:
4617:
4611:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4573:
4566:
4559:
4551:
4549:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4532:
4525:
4518:
4511:
4504:
4497:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4463:Sewadjkare III
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4432:Maaibre Sheshi
4428:
4425:'Ammu Ahotepre
4421:
4414:
4407:
4399:
4397:
4391:
4390:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4335:Merhotepre Ini
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4295:Sobekhotep III
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4167:
4165:
4156:
4153:(1802â1550 BC)
4148:2 Intermediate
4144:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4136:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4088:
4086:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4060:
4058:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4050:
4045:
4043:Mentuhotep III
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4014:
4012:
4003:
4000:(2040â1802 BC)
3995:Middle Kingdom
3991:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3978:
3977:
3976:
3973:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3955:
3952:
3945:
3944:
3932:Middle Kingdom
3923:
3922:
3919:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3908:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3895:Neferkare VIII
3892:
3886:
3884:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3867:
3862:
3860:Nebkaure Khety
3857:
3852:
3850:Meryibre Khety
3846:
3844:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3834:
3827:
3820:
3813:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3784:Neferkamin Anu
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3725:
3723:
3710:
3707:(2181â2040 BC)
3702:1 Intermediate
3698:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3640:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3623:
3621:Djedkare Isesi
3618:
3616:Menkauhor Kaiu
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3582:
3580:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3570:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3525:
3523:
3517:
3516:
3514:
3513:
3508:
3501:
3494:
3489:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3466:
3464:
3455:
3452:(2686â2181 BC)
3443:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3430:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3392:
3385:
3378:
3371:
3364:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3341:
3339:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3322:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3270:
3268:
3259:
3256:(3150â2686 BC)
3251:Early Dynastic
3247:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3239:
3230:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3206:
3199:
3192:
3185:
3178:
3171:
3164:
3156:
3154:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3144:
3137:
3132:
3125:
3118:
3111:
3104:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3069:
3062:
3055:
3048:
3040:
3038:
3029:
3017:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3004:
3003:
3002:
2999:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2981:
2978:
2971:
2970:
2949:
2948:
2941:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2904:
2903:External links
2901:
2900:
2899:
2894:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2835:
2804:
2791:
2739:
2712:
2686:
2679:
2662:
2649:
2640:
2624:
2607:
2588:
2561:(7): 638â647.
2540:
2476:
2463:
2450:
2421:
2388:
2368:
2349:
2342:
2324:
2235:
2212:
2199:
2192:
2174:
2159:
2150:
2137:
2124:
2108:
2098:
2089:
2064:David O'Connor
2055:
2046:
2031:
2016:
2001:
1984:
1970:
1950:
1938:
1919:
1899:978-1119620877
1898:
1880:
1869:(3): 275â306.
1849:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1825:
1811:British Museum
1792:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1773:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1745:
1743:
1718:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1687:
1683:
1680:
1675:Deir el-Medina
1643:
1640:
1499:
1496:
1446:
1443:
1401:Eurac Research
1247:Main article:
1244:
1241:
1201:Deir el-Medina
1199:(now known as
1191:
1188:
1166:Harris Papyrus
1092:
1089:
1057:
1054:
1041:
1038:
1001:
998:
930:
929:
924:
920:
919:
914:
910:
909:
896:
892:
891:
888:
884:
883:
880:
876:
875:
870:
866:
865:
860:
856:
855:
853:
852:
846:
841:
836:
831:
825:
818:
817:
812:
807:
805:Pareherwenemef
801:
795:
794:
789:
784:
778:
772:
768:
767:
754:
750:
749:
744:
743:
740:
739:
736:
735:
732:
731:
724:
722:
719:
718:
715:
714:
711:
710:
707:
706:
703:
700:
697:
692:
689:
677:
676:
670:
659:
657:
654:
653:
650:
649:
645:
629:
628:
609:
608:
602:
601:
598:
597:
594:
593:
590:
589:
586:
583:
582:
579:
578:
575:
574:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
549:
548:
542:
539:
534:
509:Strong is the
495:
494:
488:
487:
484:
483:
480:
479:
476:
475:
473:
471:
468:
467:
465:
462:
461:
458:
457:
454:
451:
446:
435:
429:
426:
425:
422:
421:
401:
400:
381:
380:
374:
373:
370:
369:
366:
365:
362:
361:
359:
357:
354:
353:
351:
348:
347:
344:
343:
340:
337:
334:
329:
316:
310:
307:
306:
303:
302:
282:
281:
254:
253:
247:
246:
243:
242:
239:
238:
235:
234:
227:
225:
222:
221:
218:
217:
214:
213:
210:
209:
204:
201:
198:
195:
192:
178:
177:
171:
169:
166:
165:
162:
161:
141:
140:
134:K3-náž«t-Ë3-nsyt
124:
123:
115:
112:Royal titulary
110:
109:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
80:
74:
73:
70:
67:
66:
60:
59:
48:
40:
39:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11671:
11660:
11657:
11655:
11652:
11650:
11647:
11645:
11642:
11640:
11637:
11635:
11632:
11630:
11627:
11625:
11622:
11620:
11617:
11615:
11612:
11610:
11607:
11606:
11604:
11575:
11569:
11565:
11564:
11559:
11553:
11547:
11541:
11539:
11537:
11528:
11522:
11518:
11517:
11512:
11511:Roux, Georges
11506:
11498:
11492:
11488:
11487:
11482:
11475:
11467:
11461:
11453:
11449:
11445:
11439:
11430:
11426:
11422:
11419:
11415:
11409:
11405:
11400:
11397:
11396:
11390:
11389:
11383:
11382:
11375:
11374:
11371:
11366:
11361:
11357:
11352:
11348:
11345:
11342:
11339:
11338:Yazdegerd III
11336:
11333:
11330:
11327:
11324:
11321:
11318:
11315:
11312:
11309:
11304:
11303:
11295:
11292:
11289:
11285:
11281:
11280:
11274:
11271:
11270:Sahralanyozan
11268:
11264:
11259:
11252:
11251:
11248:
11243:
11238:
11234:
11229:
11225:
11222:
11221:
11213:
11210:
11205:
11200:
11195:
11191:
11188:
11187:
11179:
11176:
11173:
11170:
11166:
11165:
11158:
11157:
11154:
11151:
11148:
11145:
11142:
11139:
11136:
11133:
11130:
11127:
11124:
11121:
11118:
11115:
11112:
11109:
11106:
11103:
11100:
11097:
11094:
11091:
11088:
11085:
11082:
11079:
11076:
11073:
11070:
11063:
11058:
11054:
11053:
11046:
11045:
11042:
11039:
11036:
11033:
11030:
11027:
11026:Mithridates V
11024:
11023:Sinatruces II
11019:
11014:
11008:
11007:
11004:
10999:
10995:
10988:
10985:
10980:
10975:
10970:
10965:
10962:
10961:
10953:
10950:
10947:
10946:Artabanus III
10944:
10941:
10938:
10935:
10932:
10929:
10926:
10923:
10920:
10917:
10916:Tiridates III
10914:
10911:
10908:
10905:
10902:
10899:
10896:
10893:
10890:
10887:
10884:
10881:
10878:
10875:
10872:
10869:
10866:
10863:
10860:
10859:Mithridates I
10856:
10855:
10849:
10846:
10843:
10840:
10837:
10834:
10831:
10828:
10825:
10822:
10819:
10816:
10811:
10808:
10805:
10802:
10799:
10796:
10795:Aristobulus I
10793:
10792:John Hyrcanus
10790:
10786:
10785:
10778:
10777:
10774:
10771:
10768:
10765:
10762:
10761:Alexander III
10759:
10756:
10753:
10750:
10747:
10746:Antiochus III
10744:
10741:
10738:
10735:
10732:
10728:
10727:
10722:
10718:
10717:
10712:
10709:
10706:
10705:Alexander III
10702:
10701:
10693:
10688:
10683:
10680:
10677:
10674:
10671:
10668:
10665:
10662:
10659:
10656:
10653:
10650:
10647:
10644:
10641:
10640:Cleopatra III
10638:
10635:
10632:
10629:
10626:
10623:
10620:
10617:
10614:
10611:
10608:
10605:
10602:
10599:
10595:
10594:
10590:
10583:
10582:
10579:
10578:
10573:
10570:
10569:
10564:
10563:
10558:
10557:
10552:
10549:
10546:
10545:Artaxerxes IV
10543:
10540:
10539:Artaxerxes II
10537:
10534:
10531:
10528:
10525:
10522:
10518:
10517:
10510:
10504:
10500:
10499:Kings of Tyre
10496:
10490:
10485:
10484:
10476:
10473:
10470:
10467:
10464:
10461:
10457:
10456:
10455:Median Empire
10450:
10447:
10444:
10441:
10438:
10435:
10431:
10430:
10424:
10421:
10418:
10415:
10412:
10409:
10406:
10402:
10401:
10396:
10395:
10388:
10387:
10384:
10379:
10375:
10372:
10370:
10367:
10364:
10363:Sinsharishkun
10361:
10358:
10355:
10352:
10349:
10346:
10343:
10340:
10337:
10334:
10331:
10328:
10325:
10322:
10318:
10316:
10309:
10308:
10302:
10299:
10296:
10293:
10290:
10285:
10277:
10272:
10271:
10263:
10260:
10256:
10252:
10248:
10244:
10240:
10235:
10234:
10227:
10224:
10221:
10218:
10215:
10212:
10209:
10206:
10203:
10200:(five kings)
10199:
10196:
10193:
10190:
10187:
10184:
10181:
10178:
10174:
10168:
10162:
10159:
10158:Ashur-Dan III
10156:
10153:
10149:
10146:
10143:
10140:
10137:
10134:
10130:
10129:
10123:
10118:
10113:
10112:
10109:
10105:
10104:
10098:
10095:
10092:
10089:
10086:
10083:
10080:
10077:
10073:
10072:
10065:
10062:
10061:
10057:
10054:
10051:
10048:
10045:
10042:
10039:
10036:
10033:
10029:
10028:
10021:
10020:
10017:
10014:
10011:
10008:
10005:
10002:
9999:
9998:Ea-mukin-zeri
9996:
9995:Simbar-shipak
9992:
9987:1025â934 BCE
9986:
9985:
9981:
9976:
9973:
9970:
9967:
9964:
9961:
9958:
9955:
9952:
9949:
9946:
9942:
9940:
9933:
9930:
9927:
9924:
9923:Ashur-rabi II
9921:
9918:
9915:
9912:
9909:
9908:Eriba-Adad II
9906:
9903:
9900:
9897:
9894:
9891:
9888:
9885:
9882:
9879:
9876:
9873:
9870:
9869:Shalmaneser I
9867:
9866:Adad-nirari I
9864:
9861:
9858:
9855:
9851:
9850:
9844:
9843:
9837:
9833:
9829:
9825:
9821:
9820:
9814:
9810:
9809:Kings of Tyre
9806:
9802:
9801:
9795:
9794:
9791:
9788:
9785:
9782:
9779:
9776:
9772:
9771:
9765:
9764:
9758:
9755:
9752:
9749:
9748:Ramesses VIII
9746:
9743:
9740:
9737:
9734:
9731:
9726:
9725:
9718:
9717:
9714:
9710:
9709:
9704:
9703:
9697:
9694:
9691:
9688:
9685:
9682:
9679:
9676:
9672:
9671:
9666:
9663:
9658:
9657:
9651:
9648:
9645:
9642:
9639:
9638:
9634:
9631:
9630:Amenhotep III
9628:
9625:
9621:
9618:
9615:
9612:
9609:
9605:
9602:
9599:
9595:
9594:
9589:
9588:
9581:
9576:
9573:
9570:
9567:
9564:
9561:
9558:
9555:
9552:
9549:
9546:
9543:
9540:
9537:
9534:
9531:
9528:
9525:
9522:
9519:
9516:
9513:
9510:
9507:
9504:
9501:
9498:
9494:
9492:
9484:
9478:
9475:
9471:
9470:
9465:
9464:
9456:
9448:
9445:
9442:
9439:
9433:
9432:
9426:
9423:
9420:
9417:
9414:
9413:
9409:
9408:
9399:
9393:
9388:
9387:
9381:
9380:
9376:
9375:
9370:
9366:
9365:
9360:
9356:
9355:
9350:
9349:
9343:
9340:
9337:
9336:Melamkurkurra
9334:
9330:
9329:Ayadaragalama
9327:
9324:
9320:
9317:
9314:
9310:
9307:
9306:Itti-ili-nibi
9304:
9300:
9298:
9287:
9282:
9279:
9276:
9273:
9270:
9267:
9264:
9261:
9258:
9255:
9252:
9249:
9245:
9243:
9236:
9229:
9223:
9222:
9219:
9216:
9213:
9210:
9207:
9204:
9201:
9200:Ashur-shaduni
9198:
9195:
9194:Enlil-nasir I
9192:
9189:
9186:
9183:
9180:
9177:
9174:
9171:
9168:
9165:
9162:
9159:
9158:Sharma-Adad I
9156:
9153:
9149:1700â722 BCE)
9147:
9141:
9138:
9135:
9132:
9129:
9126:
9123:
9120:
9111:
9108:
9105:
9102:
9099:
9096:
9093:
9090:
9087:
9084:
9081:
9080:Ishme-Dagan I
9078:
9069:
9063:
9062:
9053:
9048:
9047:
9041:
9037:
9036:Kings of Tyre
9033:
9028:
9023:
9018:
9017:
9012:
9011:
9003:
9000:
8997:
8994:
8993:Amenemhat III
8991:
8988:
8985:
8982:
8979:
8975:
8974:
8969:
8966:
8961:
8960:
8953:
8949:
8945:
8941:
8937:
8934:
8931:
8928:
8925:
8922:
8919:
8916:
8913:
8910:
8907:
8904:
8901:
8898:
8894:
8890:
8887:
8884:
8881:
8878:
8875:
8872:
8869:
8866:
8863:
8860:
8857:
8854:
8851:
8848:
8844:
8843:
8836:
8830:
8825:
8824:
8818:
8814:
8810:
8806:
8802:
8798:
8794:
8790:
8786:
8785:Puzur-Ashur I
8782:
8781:
8774:
8770:
8767:
8764:
8761:
8756:
8751:
8750:
8744:
8736:
8732:
8727:
8724:
8718:
8715:
8710:
8705:
8700:
8695:
8692:
8691:Third Eblaite
8687:
8684:
8683:Mentuhotep IV
8681:
8678:
8677:Mentuhotep II
8675:
8672:
8669:
8666:
8662:
8661:
8656:
8655:
8650:
8646:
8642:
8638:
8636:
8630:
8625:
8623:
8615:
8612:
8609:
8606:
8603:
8598:
8593:
8587:
8586:
8578:
8574:
8570:
8566:
8557:
8556:
8553:
8549:
8547:
8541:
8538:
8535:
8534:Wahkare Khety
8532:
8529:
8525:
8524:
8517:
8516:
8513:
8508:
8505:
8501:
8497:
8490:
8486:
8482:
8475:
8471:
8469:
8461:
8457:
8453:
8448:
8444:
8437:
8436:
8430:
8426:
8421:
8416:
8412:
8408:
8405:
8403:
8402:Ur III period
8397:
8394:
8391:
8390:Neferkare VII
8388:
8384:
8383:
8375:
8372:
8368:
8364:
8360:
8354:
8350:
8346:
8342:
8338:
8337:Ur-Ningirsu I
8334:
8330:
8328:
8320:
8316:
8312:
8310:
8304:
8300:
8295:
8291:
8287:
8283:
8279:
8276:
8268:
8264:
8260:
8253:
8248:
8247:
8241:
8238:
8231:
8228:
8225:
8222:
8219:
8216:
8213:
8210:
8207:
8204:
8201:
8198:
8195:
8192:
8189:
8186:
8182:
8181:
8176:
8175:
8170:
8169:
8161:
8156:
8150:
8145:
8141:
8135:
8134:
8131:
8127:
8123:
8119:
8115:
8110:
8107:
8104:
8099:
8098:
8093:
8090:
8088:
8082:
8078:
8073:
8069:
8067:
8061:
8057:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8045:
8044:
8041:
8036:
8032:
8027:
8020:
8014:
8010:
8006:
8001:
7995:
7994:
7989:
7985:
7983:
7976:
7971:
7968:
7965:
7962:
7959:
7956:
7953:
7949:
7948:
7941:
7940:
7937:
7934:
7932:
7926:
7924:
7920:
7918:
7914:
7910:
7906:
7903:
7900:
7895:
7891:
7887:
7884:
7882:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7872:Lugal-kisalsi
7869:
7866:
7864:
7861:
7859:
7855:
7851:
7849:
7845:
7843:
7839:
7835:
7832:
7829:
7828:
7822:
7817:
7813:
7808:
7805:
7802:
7801:
7798:
7794:
7784:
7781:
7780:
7777:
7773:
7768:
7764:
7759:
7756:
7753:
7750:
7747:
7744:
7741:
7738:
7735:
7730:
7729:
7721:
7718:
7714:
7710:
7706:
7702:
7701:
7695:
7691:
7687:
7683:
7678:
7672:
7667:
7662:
7660:
7654:
7649:
7647:
7641:
7636:
7630:
7628:
7622:
7618:
7614:
7613:
7607:
7603:
7598:
7594:
7590:
7586:
7582:
7578:
7571:
7566:
7562:
7557:
7556:
7549:
7543:
7542:
7537:
7533:
7532:
7526:
7525:
7521:
7518:
7515:
7514:
7510:
7507:
7502:
7497:
7494:
7490:
7489:
7484:
7483:
7476:
7475:
7470:
7466:
7462:
7458:
7457:
7451:
7450:
7446:
7442:
7438:
7433:
7430:
7425:
7420:
7415:
7410:
7406:
7402:
7398:
7397:
7391:
7385:
7381:
7380:
7374:
7373:
7369:
7365:
7359:
7355:
7349:
7347:
7339:
7335:
7331:
7327:
7323:
7319:
7315:
7310:
7307:
7306:
7302:
7299:
7298:
7294:
7291:
7286:
7280:
7275:
7270:
7269:
7261:
7258:
7251:
7250:
7243:
7238:
7234:
7228:
7223:
7219:
7215:
7211:
7207:
7204:
7203:
7199:
7193:
7192:
7188:
7184:
7180:
7171:
7167:
7160:
7157:
7155:
7151:
7146:
7143:
7142:
7137:
7135:
7129:
7128:
7125:
7121:
7118:
7114:
7111:
7108:
7104:
7101:
7098:
7092:
7087:
7084:
7083:
7079:
7075:
7071:
7066:
7065:Nangishlishma
7062:
7058:
7053:
7051:
7044:
7043:
7036:
7033:
7032:First Eblaite
7028:
7024:
7018:
7013:
7010:
7009:
7005:
7004:
7000:
6999:
6995:
6992:
6991:Seth-Peribsen
6989:
6988:
6984:
6983:
6979:
6978:
6974:
6973:
6969:
6968:
6964:
6963:
6959:
6956:
6953:
6952:Hotepsekhemwy
6948:
6947:
6939:
6933:
6928:
6927:
6922:
6921:
6920:Proto-Elamite
6913:
6912:
6906:
6901:
6900:
6896:
6895:
6891:
6888:
6885:
6882:
6878:
6875:
6872:
6869:
6865:
6862:
6859:
6851:
6847:
6846:
6841:
6840:
6832:
6828:
6827:
6823:
6822:Double Falcon
6820:
6819:
6815:
6814:
6810:
6809:
6805:
6804:
6800:
6799:
6795:
6794:
6790:
6789:
6785:
6784:
6780:
6779:
6775:
6774:
6769:
6768:
6762:
6758:
6755:
6754:
6750:
6747:
6744:
6743:
6739:
6738:
6734:
6733:
6729:
6728:
6724:
6723:
6719:
6716:
6715:
6711:
6710:
6706:
6705:
6700:
6699:
6694:
6688:
6683:
6682:
6674:
6668:
6663:
6655:
6649:
6643:
6635:
6634:
6628:
6625:
6619:
6614:
6608:
6603:
6602:
6597:
6596:
6588:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6510:
6509:
6506:
6505:
6499:
6495:
6487:
6482:
6480:
6475:
6473:
6468:
6467:
6464:
6454:
6449:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6354:
6351:
6344:
6340:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6301:
6297:
6295:
6294:
6290:
6288:
6287:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6275:
6271:
6269:
6268:
6264:
6262:
6261:
6257:
6255:
6254:
6250:
6248:
6247:
6243:
6241:
6240:
6236:
6234:
6233:
6229:
6227:
6226:
6222:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6214:
6210:
6208:
6207:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6190:
6186:
6184:
6183:
6179:
6177:
6176:
6172:
6170:
6169:
6165:
6163:
6162:
6158:
6156:
6155:
6151:
6149:
6148:
6144:
6142:
6141:
6137:
6135:
6132:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6110:
6109:
6105:
6103:
6102:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6045:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6005:
6003:
6001:
5997:
5994:
5986:
5982:
5972:
5969:
5967:
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5946:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5899:Cleopatra III
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5831:
5829:
5827:
5823:
5817:
5814:
5812:
5809:
5807:
5804:
5803:
5801:
5799:
5795:
5792:
5784:
5780:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5751:
5749:
5747:
5743:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5723:
5721:
5719:
5715:
5709:
5708:
5704:
5702:
5701:Nepherites II
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5679:
5675:
5669:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5661:
5657:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5635:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5615:
5613:
5611:
5607:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5565:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5553:
5549:
5548:
5546:
5544:
5540:
5537:
5529:
5525:
5515:
5512:
5507:
5504:
5503:
5501:
5500:
5498:
5492:
5489:
5483:
5479:
5470:
5466:
5461:
5457:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5411:
5407:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5392:
5390:
5388:
5384:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5372:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5345:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5323:
5321:
5317:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5305:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5268:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5248:
5246:
5244:
5240:
5234:
5233:
5232:Psusennes III
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5196:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5186:
5184:
5182:
5178:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5138:
5136:
5134:
5130:
5127:
5123:(1069â664 BC)
5119:
5115:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5089:Ramesses VIII
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5056:
5054:
5052:
5048:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5003:
5001:
4999:
4995:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4958:Amenhotep III
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4915:
4913:
4911:
4907:
4904:
4896:
4892:
4881:
4878:
4873:
4867:
4866:
4863:
4857:
4854:
4848:
4844:
4835:
4831:
4826:
4822:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4798:Seqenenre Tao
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4773:Sobekemsaf II
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4763:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4753:
4751:
4749:
4745:
4739:
4738:
4734:
4732:
4731:
4727:
4725:
4724:
4723:Wepwawetemsaf
4720:
4718:
4717:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4708:
4704:
4698:
4697:
4693:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4616:
4612:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4595:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4578:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4567:
4565:
4564:
4560:
4558:
4557:
4553:
4552:
4550:
4548:
4544:
4538:
4537:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4519:
4517:
4516:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4505:
4503:
4502:
4498:
4496:
4495:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4433:
4429:
4427:
4426:
4422:
4420:
4419:
4415:
4413:
4412:
4408:
4406:
4405:
4401:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4330:Merneferre Ay
4328:
4326:
4325:Wahibre Ibiau
4323:
4321:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4310:Sobekhotep IV
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4173:
4169:
4168:
4166:
4164:
4160:
4157:
4149:
4145:
4135:
4134:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4117:Amenemhat III
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4085:
4081:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4055:
4049:
4048:Mentuhotep IV
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4038:Mentuhotep II
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4004:
3996:
3992:
3982:
3979:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3959:
3956:
3950:
3946:
3937:
3933:
3928:
3924:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3900:Wahkare Khety
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3873:
3872:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3855:Neferkare VII
3853:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3843:
3839:
3833:
3832:
3828:
3826:
3825:
3821:
3819:
3818:
3814:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3711:
3703:
3699:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3637:
3633:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3575:
3569:
3568:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3551:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3518:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3506:
3502:
3500:
3499:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3456:
3448:
3444:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3402:Seth-Peribsen
3400:
3398:
3397:
3393:
3391:
3390:
3386:
3384:
3383:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3345:Hotepsekhemwy
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3267:
3263:
3260:
3252:
3248:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3136:
3135:Double Falcon
3133:
3131:
3130:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3096:
3095:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3030:
3026:(pre-3150 BC)
3022:
3021:Protodynastic
3018:
3008:
3005:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2985:
2982:
2976:
2972:
2963:
2959:
2958:Protodynastic
2954:
2950:
2946:
2939:
2934:
2932:
2927:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2916:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2887:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2839:
2832:
2828:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2814:
2808:
2801:
2795:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2759:(1): 83â100.
2758:
2754:
2750:
2743:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2716:
2701:
2697:
2690:
2682:
2676:
2672:
2666:
2659:
2653:
2644:
2637:
2633:
2628:
2621:
2617:
2614:A. J. Peden,
2611:
2603:
2599:
2592:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2544:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2480:
2473:
2467:
2460:
2454:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2425:
2409:
2405:
2404:
2399:
2392:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2372:
2365:
2361:
2358:
2353:
2345:
2339:
2335:
2328:
2320:
2314:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2216:
2209:
2203:
2195:
2189:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2166:
2164:
2154:
2147:
2141:
2134:
2128:
2121:
2115:
2113:
2102:
2093:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2059:
2050:
2042:
2035:
2027:
2020:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1994:
1988:
1973:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1954:
1947:
1946:Murnane, W. J
1942:
1936:
1935:0-918986-01-X
1932:
1928:
1923:
1915:
1909:
1901:
1895:
1891:
1884:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1853:
1845:
1842:Robins, Gay.
1838:
1834:
1822:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1789:
1784:
1777:
1772:
1768:
1761:
1756:
1749:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1710:
1703:
1698:
1691:
1686:
1685:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1624:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1577:Amenhotep III
1574:
1570:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1451:
1442:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1427:
1421:
1416:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1355:
1351:
1349:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1243:Assassination
1240:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1212:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1187:
1184:
1180:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1123:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
997:
995:
991:
990:Ancient Egypt
987:
983:
979:
975:
970:
968:
964:
958:
954:
952:
948:
947:Ancient Egypt
944:
940:
936:
928:
925:
921:
918:
915:
911:
907:
904:
903:Deir el-Bahri
900:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
874:
871:
867:
864:
861:
857:
850:
847:
845:
844:Ramesses VIII
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
826:
823:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
800:
799:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
779:
776:
773:
769:
766:
762:
758:
755:
751:
725:
723:
716:
704:
701:
698:
693:
690:
687:
686:
683:
682:
678:
674:
671:
664:
663:
660:
658:
646:
643:
642:
639:
638:
635:
634:
631:
630:
627:
626:
620:
615:
614:
610:
607:
603:
587:
581:
580:
570:
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
554:
551:
550:
547:
546:
543:
540:
535:
530:
529:
526:
525:
521:
520:
517:, beloved of
516:
512:
506:
501:
500:
496:
493:
489:
474:
472:
455:
452:
447:
444:
443:
440:
439:
433:
430:
419:
418:
415:
414:
411:
410:
407:
406:
403:
402:
399:
398:
392:
387:
386:
382:
379:
375:
360:
358:
341:
338:
335:
330:
325:
324:
321:
320:
314:
311:
300:
299:
296:
295:
292:
291:
288:
287:
284:
283:
280:
279:
275:
271:
265:
260:
259:
255:
252:
248:
228:
226:
219:
205:
202:
199:
196:
193:
188:
187:
184:
183:
179:
175:
172:
159:
158:
155:
154:
151:
150:
147:
146:
143:
142:
139:
135:
130:
129:
125:
122:
118:
113:
107:
104:
101:
97:
94:
91:
87:
81:
79:
75:
68:
65:
61:
56:
52:
46:
41:
36:
31:
19:
11609:Ramesses III
11562:
11552:
11516:Ancient Iraq
11515:
11505:
11485:
11474:
11460:
11451:
11438:
11429:
11393:
11386:
11379:
11308:Ardashir III
11300:
11277:
11218:
11186:Roman Empire
11184:
11162:
11120:Yazdegerd II
11050:
11041:Artabanus IV
11038:Vologases VI
11029:Vologases IV
10960:Roman Empire
10958:
10943:Vologases II
10919:Artabanus II
10913:Artabanus II
10898:Tiridates II
10886:Phraates III
10852:
10789:Simon Thassi
10782:
10764:Demetrius II
10752:Antiochus IV
10743:Seleucus III
10737:Antiochus II
10724:
10714:
10711:Alexander IV
10698:
10686:
10670:Ptolemy XIII
10652:Berenice III
10646:Cleopatra IV
10587:
10584:331â141 BCE
10575:
10566:
10560:
10554:
10533:Artaxerxes I
10514:
10481:
10478:539â331 BCE
10453:
10434:Nabopolassar
10427:
10398:
10392:
10389:626â539 BCE
10357:Ashurbanipal
10312:
10311:
10305:
10268:
10265:745â609 BCE
10231:
10211:Eriba-Marduk
10172:
10126:
10101:
10069:
10068:
10058:
10047:Shoshenq III
10025:
10022:911â745 BCE
9990:
9972:Marduk-zer-X
9936:
9932:Ashur-dan II
9863:Arik-den-ili
9860:Enlil-nirari
9854:Eriba-Adad I
9847:
9840:
9817:
9798:
9793:Psusennes II
9768:
9767:
9761:
9745:Ramesses VII
9733:Ramesses III
9732:
9722:
9706:
9700:
9668:
9654:
9635:
9624:Amenhotep II
9617:Thutmose III
9591:
9585:
9582:
9533:Kurigalzu II
9527:Kara-hardash
9497:Agum-Kakrime
9488:
9467:
9461:
9429:
9412:'Aper-'Anati
9410:
9405:
9384:
9378:
9372:
9368:
9362:
9358:
9352:
9346:
9345:
9309:Damqi-ilishu
9292:
9281:Samsu-Ditana
9263:Sin-muballit
9254:Sin-muballit
9233:
9203:Ashur-rabi I
9068:Shamshi-Adad
9065:
9059:
9044:
9014:
9008:
8996:Amenemhat IV
8990:Senusret III
8984:Amenemhat II
8971:
8957:
8943:
8892:
8889:Damiq-ilishu
8859:Lipit-Eshtar
8840:
8821:
8778:
8746:
8742:
8726:Shakkanakkus
8689:
8665:Mentuhotep I
8658:
8652:
8633:
8620:
8583:
8577:Puzur-Ishtar
8544:
8539:
8521:
8474:Lugalannatum
8466:
8433:
8400:
8380:
8359:Hishep-Ratep
8325:
8307:
8244:
8234:
8188:Neferkare II
8178:
8172:
8166:
8113:
8095:
8085:
8064:
8017:Invasion by
7980:
7945:
7921:
7913:Enannatum II
7877:E-iginimpa'e
7846:
7838:Igrish-Halam
7749:Nyuserre Ini
7726:
7700:Awan dynasty
7698:
7657:
7644:
7625:
7610:
7601:
7585:Ishtup-Ishar
7565:Iku-Shamagan
7561:Ikun-Shamash
7553:
7531:Ur I dynasty
7529:
7522:
7511:
7486:
7480:
7454:
7435:
7394:
7377:
7362:
7344:
7303:
7295:
7266:
7247:
7210:Enmebaragesi
7196:
7177:
7148:
7139:
7132:
7095:
7090:
7070:En-tarah-ana
7055:
7048:
7040:
7030:
7006:
7003:Neferkasokar
7001:
6996:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6970:
6965:
6960:
6944:
6924:
6918:
6909:
6897:
6892:
6843:
6837:
6824:
6816:
6811:
6806:
6801:
6796:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6771:
6765:
6751:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6704:Finger Snail
6702:
6696:
6679:
6648:Anu Ziggurat
6631:
6599:
6593:
6511:Territories/
6298:
6291:
6284:
6272:
6265:
6258:
6251:
6244:
6237:
6230:
6223:
6211:
6204:
6187:
6180:
6173:
6166:
6159:
6152:
6145:
6138:
6106:
6099:
6085:Lucius Verus
6042:
5943:
5919:Berenice III
5909:Cleopatra IV
5884:Cleopatra II
5816:Alexander IV
5736:Nectanebo II
5705:
5686:Nepherites I
5645:Artaxerxes I
5632:
5562:
5550:
5533:(664â332 BC)
5513:
5469:Roman Period
5371:Shoshenq VII
5369:
5342:
5302:
5283:Shoshenq III
5265:
5230:
5193:
5171:Psusennes II
5084:Ramesses VII
5064:Ramesses III
5063:
4948:Amenhotep II
4943:Thutmose III
4879:
4768:Sobekemsaf I
4760:
4735:
4728:
4721:
4714:
4694:
4687:
4592:
4575:
4570:'Aper-'Anati
4568:
4561:
4554:
4534:
4527:
4520:
4513:
4506:
4499:
4492:
4478:Sekheperenre
4430:
4423:
4416:
4409:
4402:
4300:Neferhotep I
4290:Seth Meribre
4267:
4253:Djedkheperew
4170:
4131:
4122:Amenemhat IV
4112:Senusret III
4102:Amenemhat II
4018:Mentuhotep I
3980:
3869:
3829:
3822:
3815:
3808:
3734:Neferkare II
3685:
3678:
3611:Nyuserre Ini
3565:
3548:
3503:
3496:
3484:
3425:
3420:Neferkasokar
3418:
3411:
3394:
3387:
3380:
3373:
3366:
3359:
3324:
3317:
3225:
3208:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3173:
3168:Finger Snail
3166:
3159:
3139:
3127:
3120:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3085:
3078:
3071:
3064:
3057:
3050:
3043:
3006:
2890:
2848:
2844:
2838:
2807:
2799:
2794:
2783:. Retrieved
2756:
2752:
2742:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2703:. Retrieved
2700:ScienceAlert
2699:
2689:
2670:
2665:
2657:
2652:
2643:
2635:
2627:
2619:
2615:
2610:
2601:
2591:
2558:
2554:
2543:
2531:. Retrieved
2493:
2489:
2479:
2471:
2466:
2461:, pp.454-456
2458:
2453:
2442:. Retrieved
2434:Live Science
2433:
2424:
2414:December 18,
2412:. Retrieved
2401:
2391:
2371:
2352:
2333:
2327:
2313:cite journal
2303:December 19,
2301:. Retrieved
2258:
2254:
2230:
2215:
2207:
2202:
2183:
2177:
2169:
2153:
2145:
2140:
2132:
2127:
2119:
2101:
2092:
2080:. Retrieved
2075:
2071:
2058:
2049:
2040:
2034:
2025:
2019:
2013:, p. 71
2010:
2004:
1996:
1992:
1987:
1975:. Retrieved
1960:
1953:
1941:
1922:
1889:
1883:
1866:
1862:
1852:
1843:
1837:
1814:
1795:Theban Triad
1668:
1658:LH IIIC:1b (
1645:
1625:
1604:
1589:
1581:Medinet Habu
1566:
1553:
1548:Land of Punt
1501:
1480:
1468:
1435:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1390:
1371:Sahar Saleem
1362:
1360:
1344:
1329:
1319:and her son
1314:
1286:Medinet Habu
1268:
1263:Museo Egizio
1236:Medinet-Habu
1217:
1196:
1193:
1176:
1171:
1143:
1128:
1070:
1059:
1050:Tiy-Merenese
1043:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1003:
974:Medinet Habu
971:
959:
955:
934:
933:
917:Medinet Habu
873:Tiy-Merenese
821:
797:
796:
774:
622:
618:
508:
504:
394:
390:
378:Golden Horus
267:
263:
137:
133:
84:1186â1155 BC
33:Ramesses III
11629:Sea Peoples
11448:Simpson, W.
11376:639â651 CE
11323:Azarmidokht
11314:Khosrow III
11297:628â641 CE
11253:618â628 CE
11215:395â618 CE
11181:273â395 CE
11169:Vaballathus
11159:270â273 CE
11123:Hormizd III
11108:Yazdegerd I
11099:Ardashir II
11093:Adur Narseh
11047:224â270 CE
11035:Vologases V
11009:117â224 CE
10990:116â117 CE
10937:Vardanes II
10934:Vologases I
10925:Gotarzes II
10895:Phraates IV
10865:Hyspaosines
10804:Hyrcanus II
10779:141â30 BCE
10758:Demetrius I
10755:Antiochus V
10749:Seleucus IV
10740:Seleucus II
10734:Antiochus I
10721:Antigonus I
10673:Ptolemy XIV
10661:Cleopatra V
10443:Neriglissar
10440:Amel-Marduk
10423:Psamtik III
10394:Late Period
10333:Sennacherib
10324:Shalmaneser
10251:Tammaritu I
10148:Shammuramat
10091:Takelot III
10088:Osorkon III
10085:Shoshenq VI
10060:Pedubast II
10050:Shoshenq IV
10038:Shoshenq II
9887:Ashur-dan I
9828:Ish-bosheth
9781:Psusennes I
9757:Ramesses XI
9751:Ramesses IX
9742:Ramesses VI
9736:Ramesses IV
9681:Ramesses II
9644:Tutankhamun
9627:Thutmose IV
9611:Thutmose II
9545:Kudur-Enlil
9530:Nazi-Bugash
9518:Kurigalzu I
9506:Ulamburiash
9477:Amenhotep I
9458:Tutankhamun
9444:Parshatatar
9441:Shuttarna I
9374:Seventeenth
9303:Ilum-ma-ili
9278:Ammi-saduqa
9275:Ammi-ditana
9269:Samsu-iluna
9176:Erishum III
9137:Adad-salulu
9134:Ipqi-Ishtar
9122:Ashur-dugul
9107:Adad-salulu
9104:Ipqi-Ishtar
9092:Ashur-dugul
9061:Old Assyria
9056:(Amorites)
8999:Sobekneferu
8987:Senusret II
8978:Amenemhat I
8950:SĂźn-iribam
8927:Sin-Iqisham
8921:Sin-Iddinam
8871:Erra-imitti
8868:Lipit-Enlil
8856:Ishme-Dagan
8853:Iddin-Dagan
8789:Shalim-ahum
8780:Old Assyria
8766:Yasmah-Adad
8743:Lim Dynasty
8735:Hanun-Dagan
8731:Hitial-Erra
8496:Ur-Ningirsu
8452:Kuda (Uruk)
8425:Ishgum-Addu
8415:Ishtup-Ilum
8267:Ishma-Dagan
8252:Shakkanakku
8230:Neferirkare
8227:Neferkauhor
8130:Ili-ishmani
8109:Manishtushu
8072:Lugalzagesi
8068:III dynasty
8052:Puzur-Nirah
7767:Ishar-Malik
7746:Shepseskare
7536:Mesannepada
7461:Nin-kisalsi
7449:Lugal-kitun
7419:Meskalamdug
7405:Ur-Pabilsag
7218:Aga of Kish
7127:Barsal-nuna
7012:Khasekhemwy
6998:Neferkara I
6977:Weneg-Nebty
6955:Nebra/Raneb
6767:Lower Egypt
6753:Scorpion II
6698:Upper Egypt
6650:, 4000 BCE)
6633:Uruk period
6189:Gordian III
6134:Diadumenian
5934:Cleopatra V
5788:(332â30 BC)
5783:Hellenistic
5726:Nectanebo I
5618:Cambyses II
5600:Psamtik III
5558:Tefnakht II
5360:Takelot III
5355:Osorkon III
5350:Shoshenq VI
5304:Pedubast II
5288:Shoshenq IV
5261:Shoshenq II
5226:Pinedjem II
5216:Menkheperre
5151:Psusennes I
5104:Ramesses XI
5094:Ramesses IX
5079:Ramesses VI
5069:Ramesses IV
5016:Ramesses II
4978:Tutankhamun
4953:Thutmose IV
4933:Thutmose II
4923:Amenhotep I
4895:New Kingdom
4830:New Kingdom
4689:Senusret IV
4673:Dedumose II
4648:Nebiriau II
4643:Nebiryraw I
4638:Mentuhotepi
4443:Khakherewre
4370:Merkheperre
4280:Imyremeshaw
4263:Sedjefakare
4218:Sehetepibre
4193:Ameny Qemau
4127:Sobekneferu
4107:Senusret II
4092:Amenemhat I
4074:Iyibkhentre
3804:Neferirkare
3799:Neferkauhor
3606:Shepseskare
3447:Old Kingdom
3433:Khasekhemwy
3413:Neferkara I
3382:Weneg-Nebty
3227:Scorpion II
2753:Radiocarbon
2656:Bob Brier,
2511:10072/62081
2276:10072/62081
1585:Sea Peoples
1508:Ramesses IV
1492:sub-Saharan
1483:Tutankhamun
1457:(left) and
1397:Zahi Hawass
1306:Ramesses IV
1259:Ramesses IV
1220:Ramesses II
1135:Sea Peoples
1117:, Jerusalem
1040:Early Years
1032:, Ruler of
994:Ramesses IV
963:Sea Peoples
951:New Kingdom
906:royal cache
849:Duatentopet
810:Ramesses VI
787:Ramesses IV
103:Ramesses IV
89:Predecessor
11603:Categories
11332:Khosrow IV
11329:Hormizd VI
11311:Shahrbaraz
11288:Khosrow II
11273:Shahrbaraz
11267:Shahrbaraz
11147:Khosrow II
11144:Hormizd IV
11102:Shapur III
11090:Hormizd II
11084:Bahram III
11069:Ardashir I
10940:Pacorus II
10931:Vonones II
10928:Meherdates
10922:Vardanes I
10907:Orodes III
10904:Phraates V
10883:Sinatruces
10731:Seleucus I
10708:Philip III
10682:Arsinoe IV
10607:Arsinoe II
10548:Darius III
10414:Psamtik II
10354:Esarhaddon
10247:Ummanigash
10217:Nabonassar
10111:Bakenranef
10082:Pedubast I
10079:Takelot II
10076:Harsiese A
10064:Osorkon IV
10056:Shoshenq V
10044:Osorkon II
10032:Shoshenq I
9778:Amenemnisu
9754:Ramesses X
9739:Ramesses V
9687:Amenmesses
9675:Ramesses I
9637:Smenkhkare
9614:Hatshepsut
9608:Thutmose I
9512:Karaindash
9251:Sumu-la-El
9083:Mut-Ashkur
9074:(Amorites)
8981:Senusret I
8940:Rim-Sin II
8930:Silli-Adad
8924:Sin-Eribam
8886:Suen-magir
8883:Ur-du-kuga
8880:Iter-pisha
8874:Enlil-bani
8862:Ur-Ninurta
8850:Shu-Ilishu
8847:Ishbi-Erra
8817:Erishum II
8763:Yahdun-Lim
8760:Yaggid-Lim
8573:Tura-Dagan
8552:Utu-hengal
8528:Meryhathor
8504:Nam-mahani
8470:II dynasty
8439:(21 kings)
8333:Puzer-Mama
8329:II dynasty
8311:IV dynasty
8224:Neferkaure
8221:Qakare Ibi
8212:Neferkahor
8203:Neferkamin
8122:Ilshu-rabi
8013:Ishqi-Mari
8009:Ikun-Ishar
8005:Enna-Dagan
7925:II dynasty
7899:Bara-irnun
7854:Puzur-Suen
7850:IV dynasty
7842:Irkab-Damu
7787:(3 kings)
7713:Ukkutahesh
7686:Meskiagnun
7682:A'annepada
7629:II dynasty
7524:Thamphthis
7520:Shepseskaf
7469:Lugal-dalu
7368:Udulkalama
7348:II dynasty
7290:Sekhemkhet
7198:Lugalbanda
7124:Melem-Kish
7120:En-me-nuna
6905:Canaanites
6899:Horus Bird
6864:Neithhotep
6737:Scorpion I
6687:Naqada III
6306:Diocletian
6260:Quintillus
6213:Aemilianus
6168:Gordian II
6140:Elagabalus
5961:Arsinoe IV
5844:Arsinoe II
5769:Darius III
5696:Psammuthes
5585:Psamtik II
5400:Bakenranef
5338:Pedubast I
5333:Takelot II
5328:Harsiese A
5310:Osorkon IV
5298:Shoshenq V
5278:Osorkon II
5251:Shoshenq I
5221:Smendes II
5201:Pinedjem I
5146:Amenemnisu
5099:Ramesses X
5074:Ramesses V
5026:Amenmesses
5006:Ramesses I
4968:Smenkhkare
4938:Hatshepsut
4928:Thutmose I
4678:Montuemsaf
4668:Dedumose I
4468:Nebdjefare
4458:Merdjefare
4228:Nedjemibre
4223:Sewadjkare
4097:Senusret I
4069:Qakare Ini
3890:Meryhathor
3794:Neferkaure
3789:Qakare Iby
3774:Neferkahor
3759:Neferkamin
3567:Thamphthis
3561:Shepseskaf
3475:Sekhemkhet
3326:Horus Bird
3203:Scorpion I
2851:(3): 314.
2785:2014-10-16
2680:0226317455
2444:2018-02-26
2193:0801436931
1927:E.F. Wente
1863:Orientalia
1829:References
1738:, Syrian,
1732:Philistine
1660:Philistine
1620:Mesolithic
1528:Hermopolis
1516:Heliopolis
1325:Pebekkamen
1321:Pentaweret
1310:Pentaweret
1073:coronation
1034:Heliopolis
1028:, Born of
829:Khaemwaset
625:Heliopolis
251:Nebty name
121:Horus name
18:Ramses III
11444:Hallo, W.
11341:Peroz III
11175:Antiochus
11141:Khosrow I
11111:Shapur IV
11105:Bahram IV
11096:Shapur II
11081:Bahram II
11075:Hormizd I
11032:Osroes II
10910:Vonones I
10892:Orodes II
10868:Artabanus
10536:Darius II
10463:Phraortes
10449:Nabonidus
10420:Ahmose II
10408:Psamtik I
10301:Tanutamun
10150:(regent)
10041:Takelot I
10035:Osorkon I
9800:Phoenicia
9784:Amenemope
9730:Setnakhte
9684:Merneptah
9633:Akhenaten
9416:Sakir-Har
9354:Sixteenth
9333:Akurduana
9319:Gulkishar
9316:Shushushi
9272:Abi-eshuh
9266:Hammurabi
9248:Sumu-abum
9170:Shu-Ninua
9161:Iptar-Sin
9131:Sin-namir
9128:Nasir-Sin
9119:Puzur-Sin
9101:Sin-namir
9098:Nasir-Sin
8952:SĂźn-gÄmil
8948:SĂźn-kÄĆĄid
8936:Rim-Sin I
8933:Warad-Sin
8813:Naram-Sin
8797:Erishum I
8793:Ilu-shuma
8769:Zimri-Lim
8717:Indilimma
8704:Ibbit-Lim
8674:Intef III
8637:invasions
8624:invasions
8569:Ili-Ishar
8565:Iddi-ilum
8558:2100 BCE
8548:V dynasty
8518:2125 BCE
8456:Puzur-ili
8443:La-erabum
8377:2150 BCE
8303:Shu-turul
8296:(3 years)
8263:Shu-Dagan
8163:2200 BCE
8140:Naram-Sin
8136:2250 BCE
8080:2340 BCE
8046:2350 BCE
8040:Luh-ishan
8035:Urukagina
8031:Lugalanda
8000:Isar-Damu
7996:2370 BCE
7942:2380 BCE
7917:Enentarzi
7905:Enannatum
7894:Gishakidu
7858:Ur-Zababa
7834:Adub-Damu
7830:2400 BCE
7803:2425 BCE
7797:Napilhush
7785:invasions
7763:Enar-Damu
7743:Neferefre
7723:2450 BCE
7666:Ur-Nanshe
7661:I dynasty
7648:I dynasty
7589:Ikun-Mari
7548:Phoenicia
7544:2500 BCE
7477:2575 BCE
7445:Melamanna
7429:Akalamdug
7401:A-Imdugud
7364:Ur-Nungal
7351:(5 kings)
7338:Baba-Damu
7334:Ibbi-Damu
7263:2600 BCE
7233:Gilgamesh
7191:Iltasadum
7162:2700 BCE
7136:I dynasty
7089:2800 BCE
7052:I dynasty
7008:Hudjefa I
6941:2900 BCE
6887:Semerkhet
6879:(regent)
6866:(regent)
6773:Hedju Hor
6601:Naqada II
6438:Ptolemaic
6246:Gallienus
6161:Gordian I
6124:Caracalla
6050:Vespasian
6044:Vitellius
5826:Ptolemaic
5668:Amyrtaeus
5650:Darius II
5595:Ahmose II
5575:Psamtik I
5514:uncertain
5502:Pharaohs
5438:Tanutamun
5273:Takelot I
5256:Osorkon I
5206:Masaharta
5156:Amenemope
5059:Setnakhte
5021:Merneptah
4963:Akhenaten
4880:uncertain
4762:Nebmaatre
4583:Sakir-Har
4536:Yaqub-Har
4448:Nebefawre
4198:Hotepibre
4064:Segerseni
4033:Intef III
3981:uncertain
3969:Pharaohs
3601:Neferefre
3427:Hudjefa I
3308:Semerkhet
3045:Hedju Hor
3007:uncertain
2995:Pharaohs
2873:140611931
2575:0098-7484
2533:6 January
2528:206896841
2293:206896841
2261:: e8268.
2231:USA Today
1977:18 August
1908:cite book
1664:Palestine
1656:Mycenaean
1512:Piramesse
1476:E1b1a-V38
1453:The gods
1387:esophagus
1375:radiology
1056:Accession
1046:Setnakhte
986:Pentawere
913:Monuments
863:Setnakhte
834:Pentawere
268:Great of
99:Successor
93:Setnakhte
11560:(2014).
11513:(1992).
11483:(2020).
11450:(1971).
11291:Kavad II
11117:Bahram V
11078:Bahram I
11072:Shapur I
10949:Osroes I
10880:Orodes I
10874:Gotarzes
10862:Phraates
10527:Darius I
10524:Cambyses
10472:Astyages
10469:Cyaxares
10411:Necho II
10342:Bel-ibni
10292:Shebitku
10255:Indabibi
10108:Tefnakht
9650:Horemheb
9509:Agum III
9491:Kassites
9474:Ahmose I
9339:Ea-gamil
9323:DIĆ +U-EN
9313:Ishkibal
9260:Apil-Sin
9242:Amorites
9152:Bel-bani
9027:Biblical
8918:Nur-Adad
8909:Gungunum
8897:Naplanum
8865:Bur-Suen
8829:Amorites
8805:Sargon I
8755:Amorites
8699:Amorites
8671:Intef II
8641:Kindattu
8629:Ibbi-Sin
8608:Amar-Sin
8602:Ur-Nammu
8537:Merykare
8429:Apil-kin
8341:Pirig-me
8319:Ur-gigir
8315:Ur-nigin
8255:dynasty)
8200:Merenhor
8126:Epirmupi
7955:Userkare
7909:Entemena
7886:Ur-Lumma
7881:Meskigal
7812:Eannatum
7807:Kun-Damu
7791:Shushun-
7776:Enakalle
7635:kushanna
7621:Undalulu
7593:Iblul-Il
7517:Menkaure
7513:Bikheris
7506:Djedefre
7465:Me-durba
7390:shaengur
7384:En-hegal
7372:Labashum
7330:Agur-lim
7326:Abur-lim
7305:Qahedjet
7150:Enmerkar
6982:Wadjenes
6972:Horus Sa
6967:Nubnefer
6958:Nynetjer
6932:Susa III
6894:Sneferka
6877:Merneith
6595:Naqada I
6398:21 to 23
6316:Galerius
6311:Maximian
6300:Numerian
6267:Aurelian
6219:Valerian
6182:Balbinus
6175:Pupienus
6129:Macrinus
6101:Pertinax
6095:Commodus
6060:Domitian
6023:Claudius
6018:Caligula
6013:Tiberius
6008:Augustus
5628:Darius I
5580:Necho II
5423:Shebitku
5395:Tefnakht
4988:Horemheb
4918:Ahmose I
4730:Pantjeny
4716:Senebkay
4696:Pepi III
4658:Bebiankh
4515:Shenshek
4473:Nebsenre
4305:Sihathor
4275:Khendjer
4238:Renseneb
4183:Nerikare
4028:Intef II
3905:Merykare
3810:Wadjkare
3754:Merenhor
3649:Userkare
3556:Menkaure
3550:Bikheris
3539:Djedefre
3505:Qahedjet
3389:Wadjenes
3375:Horus Sa
3368:Nubnefer
3355:Nynetjer
3319:Sneferka
3059:Ni-Neith
2945:Pharaohs
2827:Archived
2816:Archived
2779:Archived
2734:27925978
2583:20159872
2520:23247979
2438:Archived
2408:Archived
2380:Archived
2360:Archived
2297:Archived
2285:23247979
2223:Archived
2082:4 August
1875:43077586
1524:Athribis
1265:, Turin.
1168:states:
1158:Meshwesh
1154:Shardana
1137:and the
839:Meryatum
822:By Tiye:
792:Meryamun
775:By Tyti:
771:Children
11344:Narsieh
11172:Zenobia
11153:Vistahm
11138:Kavad I
11132:Kavad I
11126:Peroz I
11114:Khosrow
10460:Deioces
10417:Wahibre
10405:Necho I
10298:Taharqa
10295:Shabaka
10279:Taharqa
10243:Teumman
10094:Rudamun
9836:Solomon
9775:Smendes
9696:Twosret
9690:Seti II
9431:Mitanni
9425:Khamudi
9379:Dynasty
9369:Dynasty
9359:Dynasty
9197:Nur-ili
9167:Lullaya
9070:dynasty
9022:Abraham
8912:Abisare
8877:Zambiya
8771:(Queen
8723:Amorite
8694:Kingdom
8668:Intef I
8635:Elamite
8622:Amorite
8611:Shu-Sin
8512:Tirigan
8481:Ur-Baba
8411:NĂ»r-MĂȘr
8349:Lu-gula
8345:Lu-Baba
8259:Ididish
8240:Kingdom
8237:Eblaite
8235:Second
8185:Menkare
8060:Shu-Sin
8056:Ishu-Il
7984:dynasty
7964:Pepi II
7897:(Queen
7783:Elamite
7734:Userkaf
7677:Akurgal
7606:Ku-Baba
7422:(Queen
7358:Mesilim
7293:Sanakht
7283:(First
7100:Zuqaqip
7097:Kalumum
7082:Kalibum
7078:Puannum
7035:Kingdom
6884:Anedjib
6868:Hor-Aha
6813:Nat-Hor
6746:Iry-Hor
6742:Shendjw
6714:Pen-Abu
6662:Susa II
6293:Carinus
6274:Tacitus
6232:Quietus
6075:Hadrian
5759:Khabash
5590:Wahibre
5570:Necho I
5564:Nekauba
5552:Ammeris
5495:Dynasty
5433:Taharqa
5428:Shabaka
5365:Rudamun
5344:Iuput I
5189:Herihor
5141:Smendes
5041:Twosret
5031:Seti II
4875:female)
4860:Dynasty
4756:Rahotep
4653:Semenre
4623:Djehuti
4605:Khamudi
4594:Yanassi
4577:Salitis
4529:Yakareb
4522:Khamure
4453:Sehebre
4375:Merkare
4023:Intef I
3962:Dynasty
3871:Imhotep
3831:Iytjenu
3817:Khuiqer
3729:Menkare
3680:Neferka
3664:Pepi II
3586:Userkaf
3480:Sanakht
3303:Anedjib
3283:Hor-Aha
3216:Iry-Hor
3210:Shendjw
3182:Pen-Abu
3066:Hat-Hor
2988:Dynasty
2853:Bibcode
2761:Bibcode
2705:5 April
2210:, p.418
1767:Nekhbet
1740:Hittite
1736:Amorite
1728:Nubians
1682:Gallery
1650:in the
1630:to the
1520:Memphis
1405:Bolzano
1383:trachea
1367:CT scan
1271:papyrus
1224:temples
1162:Tjekker
1146:Peleset
1139:Libyans
1010:Rameses
941:of the
939:Pharaoh
923:Dynasty
882:1217 BC
753:Consort
278:Tatenen
71:Pharaoh
64:Pharaoh
11570:
11523:
11493:
11135:Jamasp
11129:Balash
11087:Narseh
10998:Trajan
10996:under
10530:Xerxes
10466:Madyes
10330:Sargon
9790:Siamun
9693:Siptah
9678:Seti I
9662:Ugarit
9407:Semqen
9392:Hyksos
9364:Abydos
9257:Sabium
9164:Bazaya
9155:Libaya
9089:Asinum
9086:Rimush
9046:Yamhad
8938:(...)
8915:Sumuel
8906:Zabaia
8903:Samium
8900:Emisum
8801:Ikunum
8773:Shibtu
8714:Immeya
8605:Shulgi
8500:Ur-gar
8460:Ur-Utu
8327:Lagash
8206:Nikare
8118:Eshpum
8106:Rimush
7958:Pepi I
7793:tarana
7737:Sahure
7717:Hishur
7694:Balulu
7659:Lagash
7640:Mug-si
7633:Ensha-
7581:Sa'umu
7509:Khafre
7493:Snefru
7441:Mes-he
7388:Lugal-
7379:Lagash
7322:Sagisu
7274:Djoser
7183:Tizqar
7154:Aratta
7110:Arwium
7107:Mashda
7057:Jushur
6987:Senedj
6926:period
6858:Narmer
6808:Wazner
6783:Hsekiu
6778:Ny-Hor
6757:Narmer
6727:Canide
6718:Animal
6624:Susa I
6574:Lagash
6548:Akshak
6523:Canaan
6433:Argead
6280:Probus
6200:Decius
6195:Philip
6070:Trajan
5798:Argead
5707:Muthis
5660:XXVIII
5640:Xerxes
5508:female
5486:Period
5195:Piankh
5166:Siamun
5036:Siptah
5011:Seti I
4851:Period
4803:Kamose
4737:Snaaib
4707:Abydos
4563:Semqen
4556:Sharek
4508:Sheneh
4488:'Apepi
4483:Bebnum
4438:Nehesy
4258:Sebkay
4178:Sonbef
3975:female
3953:Period
3764:Nikare
3654:Pepi I
3591:Sahure
3544:Khafre
3529:Snefru
3498:Sedjes
3470:Djoser
3396:Senedj
3274:Narmer
3233:Narmer
3115:Wazner
3080:Hsekiu
3052:Ny-Hor
3001:female
2979:Period
2871:
2732:
2677:
2581:
2573:
2526:
2518:
2340:
2291:
2283:
2190:
1968:
1933:
1896:
1873:
1807:Khonsu
1652:Levant
1573:Karnak
1544:El Kab
1540:Coptos
1536:Abydos
1498:Legacy
1430:amulet
1232:Karnak
1183:Byblos
1179:Canaan
1150:Denyen
1103:, and
1006:Ramses
895:Burial
869:Mother
859:Father
270:Hebsed
55:Karnak
11335:Boran
11317:Boran
11204:Syria
10984:Syria
10979:Judea
10521:Cyrus
10239:Urtak
9832:David
9438:Kirta
9422:Apepi
9419:Khyan
9140:Adasi
9110:Adasi
8738:(...)
8485:Gudea
8447:Si'um
8396:Setut
8367:Khita
8353:Ka-ku
8294:Ilulu
8290:Nanum
8282:Igigi
8026:Ukush
7928:Nanni
7690:Elulu
7577:Ansud
7496:Khufu
7424:Puabi
7301:Khaba
7297:Nebka
7179:Zamug
7117:Balih
7113:Etana
7074:Babum
6861:Menes
6803:Neheb
6798:Thesh
6788:Khayu
6761:Menes
6722:Stork
6553:Akkad
6543:Assur
6518:Egypt
6513:dates
6286:Carus
6065:Nerva
6055:Titus
6033:Galba
6000:XXXIV
5985:Roman
5764:Arses
5691:Hakor
5610:XXVII
5320:XXIII
4910:XVIII
4870:(male
4600:Apepi
4588:Khyan
4501:Wazad
4269:Wegaf
4203:Iufni
4057:Nubia
3865:Setut
3687:Nefer
3534:Khufu
3492:Khaba
3486:Nebka
3350:Nebra
3278:Menes
3237:Menes
3189:Stork
3152:Upper
3108:Neheb
3101:Thesh
3087:Khayu
3036:Lower
2869:S2CID
2730:JSTOR
2524:S2CID
2289:S2CID
2106:p.456
1871:JSTOR
1618:with
1592:mummy
1455:Horus
1426:viper
1409:Italy
1290:Shemu
1228:Luxor
1081:Horus
1077:doves
1066:Shemu
1062:Shemu
1018:Ma'at
606:Nomen
272:like
78:Reign
11568:ISBN
11544:Per
11521:ISBN
11491:ISBN
10901:Musa
10591:and
10289:Piye
10053:Pami
9824:Saul
8749:Mari
8546:Uruk
8468:Umma
8363:Helu
8309:Uruk
8299:Dudu
8066:Uruk
8019:Mari
7982:Adab
7952:Teti
7863:Urur
7848:Kish
7758:Unas
7709:Tata
7705:Peli
7646:Umma
7627:Uruk
7617:Unzi
7597:Nizi
7456:Adab
7354:Uhub
7346:Kish
7309:Huni
7187:Ilku
7134:Uruk
7103:Atab
7050:Kish
6890:Qa'a
6874:Djet
6871:Djer
6826:Wash
6818:Mekh
6732:Bull
6709:Fish
6584:Elam
6568:Umma
6563:Adab
6558:Uruk
6538:Kish
6533:Mari
6528:Ebla
6119:Geta
6038:Otho
6028:Nero
5746:XXXI
5731:Teos
5678:XXIX
5543:XXVI
5528:Late
5505:male
5465:Late
5418:Piye
5387:XXIV
5293:Pami
5243:XXII
4832:and
4748:XVII
4494:Nuya
4163:XIII
3972:male
3934:and
3824:Khui
3721:VIII
3644:Teti
3626:Unas
3511:Huni
3313:Qa'a
3293:Djet
3288:Djer
3196:Bull
3175:Fish
3141:Wash
3122:Mekh
2998:male
2707:2021
2675:ISBN
2579:PMID
2571:ISSN
2555:JAMA
2535:2018
2516:PMID
2416:2012
2338:ISBN
2319:link
2305:2012
2281:PMID
2188:ISBN
2084:2022
1979:2012
1966:ISBN
1931:ISBN
1914:link
1894:ISBN
1805:and
1799:Amun
1614:and
1596:KV11
1590:The
1532:This
1317:Tiye
1300:and
1298:Tyti
1294:Tiye
1278:plot
1230:and
1085:Maat
1048:and
1026:Amun
1008:and
1000:Name
982:Tiye
899:KV11
887:Died
879:Born
765:Tiye
757:Tyti
519:Amun
511:Maat
397:Atum
274:Ptah
8747:of
8286:Imi
7772:Ush
6881:Den
6793:Tiu
5718:XXX
5467:to
5410:XXV
5133:XXI
4998:XIX
4615:XVI
4395:XIV
4243:Hor
4084:XII
3717:VII
3462:III
3298:Den
3094:Tiu
2960:to
2861:doi
2769:doi
2563:doi
2559:303
2506:hdl
2498:doi
2494:345
2490:BMJ
2271:hdl
2263:doi
2259:345
1803:Mut
1571:at
1472:STR
1459:Set
1403:in
1377:at
1226:at
1036:".
1020:of
945:in
513:of
53:at
11605::
11535:^
11446:;
11358:,
11235:,
10729::
10719::
10703::
10491:)
10286:")
10282:("
9941:")
9647:Ay
9394:")
9390:("
9299:")
9295:("
8895::
8845::
8775:)
8647:)
8292:,
8288:,
8284:,
7923:Ur
7901:)
7890:Il
7396:Ur
7185:,
7181:,
7156:")
7080:,
7076:,
7059:,
6962:Ba
6759:/
6749:Ka
6579:Ur
6428:31
6423:30
6418:27
6413:26
6408:25
6403:24
6393:20
6388:19
6383:18
6378:12
6373:11
5051:XX
4983:Ay
4547:XV
4010:XI
3842:IX
3636:VI
3521:IV
3361:Ba
3337:II
3276:/
3235:/
3221:Ka
3073:Pu
2867:.
2859:.
2849:57
2847:.
2777:.
2767:.
2757:48
2755:.
2751:.
2726:35
2724:.
2698:.
2600:.
2577:.
2569:.
2557:.
2553:.
2522:.
2514:.
2504:.
2492:.
2488:.
2436:.
2432:.
2406:.
2400:.
2315:}}
2311:{{
2295:.
2287:.
2279:.
2269:.
2257:.
2253:.
2238:^
2162:^
2111:^
2076:29
2074:.
2070:.
2066:.
1910:}}
1906:{{
1867:57
1865:.
1861:.
1801:,
1797::
1734:,
1730:,
1638:.
1602:.
1542:,
1538:,
1534:,
1530:,
1526:,
1522:,
1518:,
1514:,
1407:,
1385:,
1341:.
1312:.
1261:.
1156:,
1152:,
1148:,
1099:,
1030:Ra
1022:Ra
763:,
759:,
515:Ra
11576:.
11529:.
11499:.
11260:)
11256:(
10971:)
10967:(
10487:(
10317:)
10313:(
9493:)
9244:)
9240:(
9144:(
9066:(
9054:)
9050:(
9029:)
9025:(
8831:)
8827:(
8757:)
8753:(
8728:)
8721:(
8701:)
8697:(
8643:(
8250:(
7426:)
7287:)
7067:,
6934:)
6930:(
6689:)
6685:(
6646:(
6550:/
6540:/
6485:e
6478:t
6471:v
6368:4
6364:3
6361:2
6357:1
3882:X
3719:/
3578:V
3266:I
3161:A
3129:A
2937:e
2930:t
2923:v
2875:.
2863::
2855::
2788:.
2771::
2763::
2736:.
2709:.
2683:.
2604:.
2585:.
2565::
2537:.
2508::
2500::
2447:.
2418:.
2346:.
2321:)
2307:.
2273::
2265::
2196:.
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1916:)
1902:.
1877:.
1846:.
1823:.
1465:.
276:-
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