Rashtrakutas - Knowledge

2762: 2899: 1330:) who possessed the mightiest of armies and whose domains extended from Konkan to Sind." Some historians have called these times an "Age of Imperial Kannauj". Since the Rashtrakutas successfully captured Kannauj, levied tribute on its rulers and presented themselves as masters of North India, the era could also be called the "Age of Imperial Karnataka". During their political expansion into central and northern India in the 8th to the 10th centuries, the Rashtrakutas or their relatives created several kingdoms that either ruled during the reign of the parent empire or continued to rule for centuries after its fall or came to power much later. Well known among these were the Rashtrakutas of 2938: 816: 2911: 3194::"The community of the land tillers or agriculturists was known as Vokkaligas. The importance given to the cultivation of land is amply demonstrated by the fact that numerous tanks were dug and irrigation facilities were provided at various places. Some of the Rashtrakuta inscriptions found in the Banavasi province have the depiction of a plow. It is viewed that the Rashtrakutas were originally prosperous cultivators who later dominated the political scene. Some of the inscriptions refer to them as "Kutumbinah" which is interpreted as cultivators." 2301: 1763: 1922:(village head). Land taxes were varied, based on type of land, its produce and situation and ranged from 8% to 16%. A Banavasi inscription of 941 mentions reassessment of land tax due to the drying up of an old irrigation canal in the region. The land tax may have been as high as 20% to pay for expenses of a military frequently at war. In most of the kingdom, land taxes were paid in goods and services and rarely was cash accepted. A portion of all taxes earned by the government (usually 15%) was returned to the villages for maintenance. 40: 6850: 2444: 2286:) was made for the favourite hound of the feudatory Western Ganga King Butuga II that died fighting a wild boar in a hunt. There are records of game preserves for hunting by royalty. Astronomy and astrology were well developed as subjects of study, and there were many superstitious beliefs such as catching a snake alive proved a woman's chastity. Old persons suffering from incurable diseases preferred to end their lives by drowning in the sacred waters of a pilgrim site or by a ritual burning. 1326:(944) and Ibn Khurdadba (912) wrote that their empire was the largest in contemporary India and Sulaiman further called it one among the four great contemporary empires of the world. According to the travelogues of the Arabs Al Masudi and Ibn Khordidbih of the 10th century, "most of the kings of Hindustan turned their faces towards the Rashtrakuta king while they were praying, and they prostrated themselves before his ambassadors. The Rashtrakuta king was known as the "King of kings" ( 2575: 2642: 9025: 8166: 8978: 1926:

empire did not claim sole ownership of mines, implying that private mineral prospecting and the quarrying business may have been active. The state claimed all such properties whose deceased legal owner had no immediate family to make an inheritance claim. Other miscellaneous taxes included ferry and house taxes. Only Brahmins and their temple institutions were taxed at a lower rate.

1399: 1097:, to the throne heralded an era of success like never before. There is uncertainty about the location of the early capital of the Rashtrakutas at this time. During his rule there was a three way conflict between the Rashtrakutas, the Palas and the Pratiharas for control over the Gangetic plains. Describing his victories over the Pratihara Emperor Nagabhatta II and the 2257:) was practiced but the few examples noted in inscriptions were mostly in the royal families. The system of shaving the heads of widows was infrequent as epigraphs note that widows were allowed to grow their hair but decorating it was discouraged. The remarriage of a widow was rare among the upper castes and more accepted among the lower castes. 2229:

punishment, although widespread, was not given to the royal Kshatriya sub-castes or to Brahmins found guilty of heinous crimes (as the killing of a Brahmin in medieval Hindu India was itself considered a heinous crime). As an alternate punishment to enforce the law a Brahmin's right hand and left foot was severed, leaving that person disabled.

1194:. His rule was not as militant as that of Govinda III as he preferred to maintain friendly relations with his neighbours, the Gangas, the Eastern Chalukyas and the Pallavas with whom he also cultivated marital ties. His era was an enriching one for the arts, literature and religion. Widely seen as the most famous of the Rashtrakuta Emperors, 2244:

Joint families were the norm but legal separations between brothers and even father and son have been recorded in inscriptions. Women and daughters had rights over property and land as there are inscriptions recording the sale of land by women. The arranged marriage system followed a strict policy of

1913:

The government's income came from five principal sources: regular taxes, occasional taxes, fines, income taxes, miscellaneous taxes and tributes from feudatories. An emergency tax was imposed occasionally and were applicable when the kingdom was under duress, such as when it faced natural calamities,

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Inscriptions and other literary records indicate the Rashtrakutas selected the crown prince based on heredity. The crown did not always pass on to the eldest son. Abilities were considered more important than age and chronology of birth, as exemplified by the crowning of Govinda III who was the third

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Sooloobunjun near Ellora (Couseris in Altekar 1934, p48). Perhaps Elichpur remained the capital until Amoghavarsha I built Manyakheta. From the Wani-Dmdori, Radhanpur and Kadba plates, Morkhand in Maharashtra was only a military encampment, from the Dhulia and Pimpen plates it seems Nasik was only a

1909:

inscription refers to an assemblage of all the people of a district headed by the guilds of the region. Some guilds were considered superior to others, just as some corporations were, and received royal charters determining their powers and privileges. Inscriptions suggest these guilds had their own

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Contemporaneous literature and inscriptions show that Kannada was not only popular in the modern Karnataka region but had spread further north into present day southern Maharashtra and to the northern Deccan by the 8th century. Kavirajamarga, the work on poetics, refers to the entire region between

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in Karnataka. According to art historian Vincent Smith, the achievement at the Kailasanath temple is considered an architectural consummation of the monolithic rock-cut temple and deserves to be considered one of the wonders of the world. According to art historian Percy Brown, as an accomplishment

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became more prominent as a literary language during the Rashtrakuta rule with its script and literature showing remarkable growth, dignity and productivity. This period effectively marked the end of the classical Prakrit and Sanskrit era. Court poets and royalty created eminent works in Kannada and

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The Rashtrakuta empire controlled most of the western sea board of the subcontinent which facilitated its maritime trade. The Gujarat branch of the empire earned a significant income from the port of Bharoch, one of the most prominent ports in the world at that time. The empire's chief exports were

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Taxes were levied on artisans such as potters, sheep herders, weavers, oilmen, shopkeepers, stall owners, brewers and gardeners. Taxes on perishable items such as fish, meat, honey, medicine, fruits and essentials like fuel was as high as 16%. Taxes on salt and minerals were mandatory although the

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castes were not allowed. Landownership by people of all castes is recorded in inscriptions Intercaste marriages in the higher castes were only between highly placed Kshatriya girls and Brahmin boys, but was relatively frequent among other castes. Intercaste functions were rare and dining together

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showed their Vaishnava leanings. Their flag had the sign of the Ganges and Yamuna rivers, perhaps copied from the Badami Chalukyas. The famous Kailasnatha temple at Ellora and other rock-cut caves attributed to them show that the Hinduism was flourishing. Their family deity was a goddess by name

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and the expanding Sanskritic culture. Inscriptions, including those that were bilingual, demonstrate the use of Kannada as the primary administrative language in conjunction with Sanskrit. Government archives used Kannada for recording pragmatic information relating to grants of land. The local

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The careers of Brahmins usually related to education, the judiciary, astrology, mathematics, poetry and philosophy or the occupation of hereditary administrative posts. Also Brahmins increasingly practiced non-Brahminical professions (agriculture, trade in betel nuts and martial posts). Capital

2100:) who took the form of a falcon to save the kingdom. They built temples with icons and ornamentation that satisfied the needs of different faiths. The temple at Salotgi was meant for followers of Shiva and Vishnu and the temple at Kargudri was meant for worshipers of Shiva, Vishnu and Bhaskara ( 1921:

The king determined the tax levels based on need and circumstances in the kingdom while ensuring that an undue burden was not placed on the peasants. The land owner or tenant paid a variety of taxes, including land taxes, produce taxes and payment of the overhead for maintenance of the Gavunda

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The Rashtrakutas contributed much to the architectural heritage of the Deccan. Art historian Adam Hardy categorizes their building activity into three schools: Ellora, around Badami, Aihole and Pattadakal, and at Sirval near Gulbarga. The Rashtrakuta contributions to art and architecture are

1709:) in the regal capital of Manyakheta. Large armies were also maintained by the feudatory kings who were expected to contribute to the defense of the empire in case of war. Chieftains and all the officials also served as commanders whose postings were transferable if the need arose. 2805:) taught in Sanskrit, the language of the learned Brahmins, while Kannada increasingly became the speech of personal expression of devotional closeness of a worshipper to a private deity. The patronage Kannada received from rich and literate Jains eventually led to its use in the 3876:

From the Tirukkalukkunram inscription – Kanchi and Tanjore were annexed by Krishna III. From the Deoli inscription – Krishna III had feudatories from Himalayas to Ceylon. From the Laksmeshwar inscription – Krishna III was an incarnation of death for the Chola Dynasty (Reu 1933,

1894:, gold and silver coins, singing boys and girls (for the entertainment of the royalty) from other lands. Trading in horses was an important and profitable business, monopolised by the Arabs and some local merchants. The Rashtrakuta government levied a shipping tax of one golden 2783:

in northern India in the early 6th century, major changes began taking place in the Deccan south of the Vindyas and in the southern regions of India. These changes were not only political but also linguistic and cultural. The royal courts of peninsular India (outside of

623:, and the connection between the several Rashtrakuta dynasties that ruled small kingdoms in northern and central India and the Deccan between the 6th and 7th centuries. The relationship of these medieval Rashtrakutas to the most famous later dynasty, the Rashtrakutas of 1918:, wasteland, specific types of trees considered valuable to the economy, mines, salt, treasures unearthed by prospectors. Additionally, customary presents were given to the king or royal officers on such festive occasions as marriage or the birth of a son. 2863:(classical) style of writing was popular. The awareness of the merits and defects in inscriptions by the archivists indicates that even they, though mediocre poets, had studied standard classical literature in Sanskrit. An inscription in Kannada by King 1980:. Scholars have suggested that Jainism was a principal religion at the very heart of the empire, modern Karnataka, accounting for more than 30% of the population and dominating the culture of the region. King Amoghavarsha I was a disciple of the Jain 1939:

The Rashtrakuta kings supported the popular religions of the day in the traditional spirit of religious tolerance. Scholars have offered various arguments regarding which specific religion the Rashtrakutas favoured, basing their evidence on

2680:. The latter, a three faced bust of Lord Shiva, is 25 feet (8 m) tall and considered one of the finest pieces of sculpture in India. It is said that, in the world of sculpture, few works of art depicting a divinity are as balanced. 4451:

A 16th-century Buddhist work by Lama Taranatha speaks disparagingly of Shankaracharya as close parallels in some beliefs of Shankaracharya with Buddhist philosophy was not viewed favourably by Buddhist writers (Thapar 2003, pp 349–350,

2003:, "The subjects under Amoghavarsha are happy and the land yields plenty of grain. May the kingdom of King Nripatunga Amoghavarsha, follower of Jainism ever increase far and wide." Amoghavarsha may have taken up Jainism in his old age. 1206:

in Sanskrit is a writing of high merit and was later translated into the Tibetan language. Because of his religious temperament, his interest in the arts and literature and his peace-loving nature, he has been compared to the emperor

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and Jan Houben claim they are mostly in Kannada), and the rulers encouraged literature in both languages. The earliest existing Kannada literary writings are credited to their court poets and royalty. Though these Rashtrakutas were

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It is most likely that they were Kannada-speaking military aristocrats settled at a strategic point in modern-day Maharasthra by the Chalukyas or some other powerful group, perhaps to keep an eye on trade routes and various tribal

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and the Kongu Cheras of Karur all paid him tribute. As one historian puts it, the drums of the Deccan were heard from the Himalayan caves to the shores of the Malabar Coast. The Rashtrakutas empire now spread over the areas from

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Harsha attacked the empire and plundered Manyakheta, the capital of the Rashtrakutas. This seriously undermined the reputation of the Rastrakuta Empire and consequently led to its downfall. The final decline was sudden as

2413:(a Rashtrakuta feudatory), comparing the king's virtues favorably to those of Arjuna. Pampa demonstrates such a command of classical Kannada that scholars over the centuries have written many interpretations of his work. 1177:

his capital and ruled a large empire. Manyakheta remained the Rashtrakutas' regal capital until the end of the empire. He came to the throne in 814 but it was not until 821 that he had suppressed revolts from

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caste consisted of communities specialising in dance and acrobatics. People in the professions of sailing, hunting, weaving, cobblery, basket making and fishing belonged to specific castes or subcastes. The

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The Rashtrakuta economy was sustained by its natural and agricultural produce, its manufacturing revenues and moneys gained from its conquests. Cotton was the chief crop of the regions of southern Gujarat,

670:), the names of princes and princesses of the dynasty, and clues from relics such as coins. Scholars debate over which ethnic/linguistic groups can claim the early Rashtrakutas. Possibilities include the 615:

The origin of the Rashtrakuta dynasty has been a controversial topic of Indian history. These issues pertain to the origin of the earliest ancestors of the Rashtrakutas during the time of Emperor

2270:, a practice that spread to the masses much later. Dancing was a popular entertainment and inscriptions speak of royal women being charmed by dancers, both male and female, in the king's palace. 1315:. The former feudatories of the Rashtrakutas in western Deccan were brought under control of the Chalukyas, and the hitherto-suppressed Cholas of Tanjore became their arch enemies in the south. 2606:, a splendid achievement confirming the "Balhara" status as "one among the four principal Kings of the world". The walls of the temple have marvellous sculptures from Hindu mythology including 2245:

early marriage for women. Among Brahmins, boys married at or below 16 years of age and the brides chosen for them were 12 or younger. This age policy was not strictly followed by other castes.

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Artists and craftsman operated as corporations (guilds) rather than as individual business. Inscriptions mention guilds of weavers, oilmen, artisans, basket and mat makers and fruit sellers. A

658:—Lunar line), the native region and the ancestral home have been proposed, based on information gleaned from inscriptions, royal emblems, the ancient clan names such as "Rashtrika", epithets ( 1866:; the capital Manyakheta and Devagiri were important diamond and jewellery trading centres. The leather industry and tanning flourished in Gujarat and some regions of northern Maharashtra. 2343:

is the earliest available book on rhetoric and poetics in Kannada, though it is evident from this book that native styles of Kannada composition had already existed in previous centuries.

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World Heritage site. Other well-known temples are the Parameshwara temple at Konnur, Brahmadeva temple at Savadi, the Settavva, Kontigudi II, Jadaragudi and Ambigeragudi temples at

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annexed Manyakheta and made it their capital until 1015 and built an impressive empire in the Rashtrakuta heartland during the 11th century. The focus of dominance shifted to the

2274:(girls were "married" to a deity or temple) were often present in temples. Other recreational activities included attending animal fights of the same or different species. The 1366:'s conquest of the island of Ceylon in the early 11th century CE led to the fall of four kings there. According to historian K. Pillay, one of them, King Madavarajah of the 1593:) whose position came with five insignia commensurate with his position namely, a flag, a conch, a fan, a white umbrella, a large drum and five musical instruments called 2621:

The Kailasanath Temple project was commissioned by King Krishna I after the Rashtrakuta rule had spread into South India from the Deccan. The architectural style used is

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From the Siddalingamadam record of 944 – Krishna III captured Kanchi and Tanjore as well and had full control over northern Tamil regions (Aiyer in Kamath 2001, pp82–83)

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from the Cambay and Sangli records. The Bagumra record claims that Amoghavarsha saved the "Ratta" kingdom which was drowned in an "ocean of Chalukyas" (Kamath 2001, p78)

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in the south, a fruitful time of political expansion, architectural achievements and famous literary contributions. The early kings of this dynasty were influenced by

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from the standpoint of Jain morals in a clear and pithy manner. Ugraditya, a Jain ascetic from Hanasoge in the modern Mysore district wrote a medical treatise called

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The Rashtrakutas And Their Times; being a political, administrative, religious, social, economic and literary history of the Deccan during C. 750 A.D. to C. 1000 A.D

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detailing their rule from Manapur, a city in Central or West India. Other ruling Rashtrakuta clans from the same period mentioned in inscriptions were the kings of

9767: 1690:(or Nadugavunda); sometimes there were two such officials, one assuming the position through heredity and another appointed centrally. The lowest division was a 2594:

The Rashtrakutas renovated these Buddhist caves and re-dedicated the rock-cut shrines. Amoghavarsha I espoused Jainism and there are five Jain cave temples at

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Perumāḷs of Kerala: Brahmin Oligarchy and Ritual Monarchy: Political and Social Conditions of Kerala Under the Cēra Perumāḷs of Makōtai (c. AD 800 – AD 1124).

2587:. The Ellora site was originally part of a complex of 34 Buddhist caves probably created in the first half of the 6th century whose structural details show 9042: 6866: 8040: 5799: 5072: 1705:

The Rashtrakuta army consisted of large contingents of infantry, horsemen, and elephants. A standing army was always ready for war in a cantonment (

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of art, the Kailasanath temple is considered an unrivalled work of rock architecture, a monument that has always excited and astonished travellers.

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By the 9th century, kings from all the four castes had occupied the highest seat in the monarchical system in Hindu India. Admitting Kshatriyas to

3704:"The victorious march of his armies had literally embraced all the territory between the Himalayas and Cape Comorin" (Altekar in Kamath 2001, p77) 8820: 5699: 4721:"Mathematical Achievements of Pre-modern Indian Mathematicians", Putta Swamy T.K., 2012, chapter=Mahavira, p.231, Elsevier Publications, London, 2146:

existed in the Rashtrakuta empire by the 10th century and many Muslims lived and mosques flourished on the coasts, specifically in towns such as

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seat of a viceroy, and the Paithan plates of Govinda III indicate that neither Latur nor Paithan was the early capital.(Altekar, 1934, pp47–48)

1084: 6773: 1613:), all of whom were usually associated with one of the feudatory kings and must have held a position in government equivalent to a premier. A 1105:, the Sanjan inscription states the horses of Govinda III drank from the icy waters of the Himalayan streams and his war elephants tasted the 8772: 3584: 2221:

caste provided many menial services to the wealthy. Brahmins enjoyed the highest status in Rashtrakuta society; only those Kshatriyas in the

9747: 8959: 8116: 2123:, although it had declined significantly by this time. The decline of Buddhism in South India began in the 8th century with the spread of 8954: 2937: 2175: 1757: 1575: 9552: 6839: 3379:

Rashtrakutas are described as Kannadigas from Lattaluru who encouraged the Kannada language (Chopra, Ravindran, Subrahmanian 2003, p87)

1546: 1541: 717:, an area which the Rashtrakutas ruled for over two centuries. The Samangadh copper plate grant (753) confirms that the feudatory King 2898: 815: 9661: 8805: 8767: 1299:. With the fall of the Rashtrakutas, their feudatories and related clans in the Deccan and northern India declared independence. The 8810: 7665: 7503: 2583:

reflected in the splendid rock-cut cave temples at Ellora and Elephanta, areas also occupied by Jain monks, located in present-day

9712: 9671: 9575: 8121: 6040: 5998: 2548:). These writings are named after their patron king who was also called Athishayadhavala. Other contributions from Jinasena were 1910:

militia to protect goods in transit and, like village assemblies, they operated banks that lent money to traders and businesses.

1413: 517:, each of these three empires annexing the seat of power at Kannauj for short periods of time. At their peak the Rashtrakutas of 2467:, who belonged to the Karnataka mathematical tradition and was patronised by King Amoghavarsha I. His greatest contribution was 1621:) and possessed military training. There were cases where women supervised significant areas as when Revakanimaddi, daughter of 1222:

and Gujarat. Krishna II ended the independent status of the Gujarat branch and brought it under direct control from Manyakheta.

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The Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta gained control over Kannauj for a brief period during the early 10th century (Thapar 2003, p333)

2505:. He delivered a discourse in the court of Amoghavarsha I encouraging abstinence from animal products and alcohol in medicine. 1242:

rivers. He also defeated the dynasty's traditional enemies, the Pratiharas and the Palas, while maintaining his influence over

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S.K. Ramachandra Rao, (1985), Encyclopedia of Indian Medicine: Historical perspective, pp100-101, Popular Prakashan, Mumbai,

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of King Dantidurga (753) shows an image of god Shiva and the coins of his successor, King Krishna I (768), bear the legend

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were an important source of income and played an important role in the economy. Diamonds were mined in Cudappah, Bellary,

451:. Several controversies exist regarding the origin of these early Rashtrakutas, their native homeland and their language. 9013: 8815: 8759: 8402: 8106: 8020: 2749:. One of the richest traditions in Indian architecture took shape in the Deccan during this time which Adam Hardy calls 1878:, coconuts, sandal, teak, timber, sesame oil and ivory. Its major imports were pearls, gold, dates from Arabia, slaves, 1842:

The Deccan was rich in minerals, though its soil was not as fertile as that of the Gangetic plains. The copper mines of

1218:, the empire faced a revolt from the Eastern Chalukyas and its size decreased to the area including most of the Western 8111: 8025: 7714: 7641: 4479:

From the notes of Magasthenesis and Strabo from Greece and Ibn Khurdadba and Al Idrisi from Arabia (Altekar 1934, p317)

2761: 1529: 1246:. The effect of his victories in Kannauj lasted several years according to the 930 copper plate inscription of Emperor 2737:. Archeological study of these temples show some have the stellar (multigonal) plan later to be used profusely by the 9421: 9406: 9396: 8991: 8964: 8374: 5785: 5679: 5640: 5602: 5583: 5564: 5545: 5512: 5493: 5474: 5452: 5431: 5403: 5333: 5314: 5295: 5267: 5122: 5045: 5017: 4980: 4952: 4879: 4840: 1250:. After a succession of weak kings during whose reigns the empire lost control of territories in the north and east, 602: 9595: 9580: 9557: 9248: 8800: 8795: 8030: 7651: 2428:(supreme poet in two languages) for his command over both Kannada and Sanskrit. His other writings in Kannada were 2351:) that aims to standardize these various styles. The book refers to early Kannada prose and poetry writers such as 2319:

Sanskrit that spanned such literary forms as prose, poetry, rhetoric, the Hindu epics and the life history of Jain

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In the general population men wore two simple pieces of cloth, a loose garment on top and a garment worn like a

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contact with South India began as early as the 7th century, a result of trade between the Southern kingdoms and

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who took control in 780, the kingdom expanded into an empire that encompassed all of the territory between the

1835:, produced such woods as sandal, timber, teak and ebony. Incense and perfumes were exported from the ports of 1617:

was a feudatory or higher ranking regal officer. All cabinet ministers were well versed in political science (

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excel in beauty and craftsmanship even that of the Ellora sculptures. Famous sculptures at Elephanta include

2328: 2035: 1382: 4373:"Wide and sympathetic tolerance" in general characterised the Rashtrakuta rule (Altekar in Kamath 2001, p92) 2879:, shows that the study of poetry was popular in the Deccan during this time. Trivikrama's Sanskrit writing, 804:

under his control. According to Altekar and Sen, the Rashtrakutas became a pan-India power during his rule.

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are Vimala, Udaya, Nagarjuna, Jayabhandu for Kannada prose and Kavisvara, Pandita, Chandra and Lokapala in

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was ruled by a Rashtrapathi who on occasion was the emperor himself. Amoghavarsha I's empire had sixteen

1534: 1291:, declared himself independent by taking advantage of this defeat. Indra IV, the last emperor, committed 1288: 590: 6612: 3322:

During the rule of the Rashtrakutas, literature in Kannada and Sanskrit flowered (Kamath 2001, pp 88–90)

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Indian Temple Architecture: Form and Transformation-The Karnata Dravida Tradition 7th to 13th Centuries

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in 753 and took control of the northern regions of the Chalukya empire. He then helped his son-in-law,

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and included the northern Tamil country (Tondaimandalam) while levying tribute on the king of Ceylon.

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was prolific during this era as well. Important mathematical theories and axioms were postulated by

784:. He led successful expeditions to Kannauj, the seat of northern Indian power where he defeated the 689:

Scholars however concur that the rulers of the imperial dynasty in the 8th to 10th century made the

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The province of Tardavadi in the very heart of the Rashtrakuta empire was given to Tailapa II as a

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son of king Dhruva Dharavarsha. The most important position under the king was the Chief Minister (

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writing was to propagate Jain tenets and ethics. The second writing reviews the subject matter of

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Hinduism. In: Joseph Kitagawa, "The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture"

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of Dhanop, Rashtraudha dynasty of Mayuragiri in modern Maharashtra and Rashtrakutas of Kannauj.

585:. Other important contributions are the Kashivishvanatha temple and the Jain Narayana temple at 9635: 9112: 9087: 8530: 8520: 8445: 7777: 7686: 7480: 7106: 7043: 7018: 7013: 7008: 5238: 2916: 2891: 2664:, others claim that it was built during the Rashtrakuta period. Some of the sculptures such as 2295: 1500: 1418: 574: 570: 4758:

may have been co-authored by Amoghavarsha I and court poet Sri Vijaya (Sastri 1955, pp355–356)

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than the four commonly known castes in the Hindu social system, some as many as seven castes.

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The Language of the Gods in the World of Men: Sanskrit, Culture, and Power in Premodern India

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as important as Sanskrit. Rashtrakuta inscriptions use both Kannada and Sanskrit (historians

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Even royalty of the empire took part in poetic and literary activities – Thapar (2003), p334

1964:

were Jains. The Rashtrakutas built well-known Jain temples at locations such as Lokapura in

1342:(875–1230) in modern Karnataka, the Gahadavalas of Kannauj (1068–1223), the Rashtrakutas of 569:, a landmark literary work in the Kannada language. Architecture reached a milestone in the 9509: 9459: 9338: 9273: 9134: 9102: 9082: 9072: 8356: 8332: 8162: 8068: 7992: 7935: 7805: 7436: 7287: 7023: 7003: 5462: 4298:

From the Davangere inscription of Santivarma of Banavasi-12000 province (Altekar 1934, p234

4132: 3534: 3239: 2806: 1480: 1390: 1102: 3939: 8: 9373: 9363: 9343: 9328: 9313: 9283: 9263: 9228: 9165: 8928: 8858: 8505: 8415: 8348: 8292: 8147: 7955: 7925: 7393: 7375: 7312: 7292: 7216: 7191: 7038: 6892: 6658: 6596: 6048: 5843: 4364:

From the Hebbal inscriptions and Torkhede inscriptions of Govinda III (Altekar 1934, p232

3050: 2424:, his account of the life of Shantinatha, the 16th Jain tirthankara. He earned the title 2389: 1941: 1470: 1450: 1114: 1008: 863: 635: 628: 514: 510: 436: 432: 278: 2034:

inscriptions tell of King Amoghavarsha I sacrificing a finger from his left hand at the

631:, Karnataka state), who ruled between the 8th and 10th centuries has also been debated. 9358: 9323: 9258: 9195: 9150: 8999: 8888: 8843: 8440: 8425: 8420: 8364: 8093: 7865: 7707: 7659: 7269: 7028: 6970: 6407: 6234: 6178: 6134: 5522: 5442: 3722:

Which could put to shame even the capital of gods-From Karda plates (Altekar 1934, p47)

2275: 2073: 1944:, coins and contemporary literature. Some claim the Rashtrakutas were inclined towards 988: 792:

of Bengal, gaining him fame and vast booty but not more territory. He also brought the

773: 606: 440: 311: 9021: 5326:

Ideology and Status of Sanskrit: Contributions to the History of the Sanskrit language

3523:

The Rashtrakutas interfered effectively in the politics of Kannauj (Thapar 2003), p333

2300: 1762: 9368: 9353: 9348: 9308: 9213: 9185: 9067: 8918: 8878: 8515: 8495: 8460: 8435: 8073: 7910: 7621: 7340: 7335: 7327: 7307: 7171: 7156: 6993: 6646: 6642: 6600: 6589: 6567: 6535: 6521: 6206: 5675: 5655: 5636: 5617: 5598: 5579: 5560: 5541: 5508: 5489: 5470: 5448: 5427: 5399: 5382: 5365: 5357: 5329: 5310: 5291: 5263: 5246: 4875: 4836: 4722: 4136: 4038: 3919: 3631: 3555: 3396: 3130: 3006: 2965: 2734: 2598:

ascribed to his period. The most extensive and sumptuous of the Rashtrakuta works at

1965: 1658:(district) overseen by a Vishayapathi. Trusted ministers sometimes ruled more than a 1495: 1485: 1475: 1363: 1300: 1187: 1125:. Having conquered Kannauj, he travelled south, took firm hold over Gujarat, Kosala ( 1032: 883: 793: 5724: 5614:

A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India:From the Stone Age to the 12th Century

1678:

included: Kunduru (500), Belvola (300), Puligere (300) and Kundarge (70). Below the

9630: 9416: 9268: 9243: 9238: 9180: 9175: 9160: 8913: 8893: 8868: 8500: 8485: 8475: 8470: 8465: 8430: 8083: 8063: 8058: 7930: 7571: 7441: 7403: 7383: 7350: 7302: 7231: 7166: 7126: 7101: 7096: 6948: 6930: 6531: 6516: 6512: 6465: 6461: 6421: 6387: 6383: 6202: 2980: 2789: 2742: 2315: 2031: 1973: 1914:

or was preparing for war or overcoming war's ravages. Income tax included taxes on

1827:. The Konkan region, ruled by the feudatory Silharas, produced large quantities of 1812: 1800: 1445: 1346:(known as Rajputana) and ruling from Hastikundi or Hathundi (893–996), Dahal (near 1296: 1275: 1227: 1019: 730: 690: 502:

were gaining force in eastern and northwestern India respectively. An Arabic text,

459: 367: 229: 76: 1831:

leaves, coconut and rice while the lush forests of Mysore, ruled by the feudatory

9318: 9298: 9107: 8908: 8898: 8873: 8848: 8535: 8455: 8340: 8300: 8218: 8048: 7835: 7810: 7721: 7518: 7461: 7456: 7451: 7446: 7423: 7413: 7398: 7355: 7241: 7236: 7161: 7146: 6769: 6650: 6608: 6604: 6571: 6543: 6539: 6485: 6391: 6323: 6285: 6091: 5652:

History of Mediaeval Hindu India (Being a History of India from 600 to 1200 A.D.)

3154: 3000: 2657: 2508:

Trivikrama was a noted scholar in the court of King Indra III. His classics were

2250: 2246: 1879: 1725: 1490: 1465: 1436: 1359: 1351: 930: 894: 874: 694: 351: 729:

in Maharashtra), defeated the great Karnatic army (referring to the army of the

39: 9288: 9092: 8853: 8706: 8591: 8450: 8387: 8253: 8175: 8140: 8101: 7950: 7940: 7875: 7870: 7601: 7466: 7388: 7365: 7360: 7297: 7226: 7141: 7033: 6983: 6939: 6912: 6505: 6378: 6275: 5876: 3588: 2876: 2872: 2818: 2533: 2340: 2236:

schools along with Brahmins was customary, but the children of the Vaishya and

1663: 1622: 1505: 1367: 1308: 1219: 1195: 1170: 939: 832: 742: 722: 714: 560: 506:(851), called the Rashtrakutas one of the four principal empires of the world. 467: 5925: 9691: 9124: 8736: 8651: 8558: 8223: 7825: 7820: 7795: 7626: 7616: 7581: 7556: 7538: 7201: 7186: 7071: 6988: 6960: 6921: 6654: 6457: 6417: 6318: 6301: 6254: 6239: 6225: 6198: 6194: 6154: 6139: 6128: 6080: 4140: 3828: 2780: 2725: 2448: 2384: 2363: 2335: 2163: 2147: 1335: 1304: 1255: 1186:

by giving them his two daughters in marriage, and then defeated the invading

1106: 968: 912: 903: 781: 683: 654: 565: 5354:

A concise history of Karnataka : from pre-historic times to the present

5288:

Dictionary of Languages: The Definitive Reference to More Than 400 Languages

2574: 2443: 1898:

on all foreign vessels embarking to any other ports and a fee of one silver

1874:

cotton yarn, cotton cloth, muslins, hides, mats, indigo, incense, perfumes,

9676: 9610: 9494: 8982: 8741: 8666: 8480: 8382: 7920: 7855: 7800: 7523: 7221: 7176: 7111: 7076: 6373: 6246: 6146: 6016: 5954: 5919: 5901: 5893: 5837: 5777: 5667: 5659: 5386: 5369: 5250: 4461:

From the notes of 10th-century Arab writer Al-Ishtakhri (Sastri 1955, p396)

4028: 2928: 2924: 2814: 2641: 2569: 2485: 2472: 2233: 2124: 2107:

In short, the Rashtrakuta rule was tolerant to multiple popular religions,

1977: 1259: 1254:

the last great ruler consolidated the empire so that it stretched from the

1239: 1151: 1063: 777: 646:

and the notes of the Arab travellers. Theories about the dynastic lineage (

578: 526: 327: 5576:

A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar

5126: 5049: 5021: 4984: 4956: 2380:(mixed prose-verse style) style, it is the life history of the first Jain 1287:, a feudatory of the Rashtrakuta ruling from Tardavadi province in modern 421: 9479: 8696: 8656: 8392: 8053: 7890: 7885: 7880: 7845: 7830: 7790: 7206: 6794:

The Origins of Yoga and Tantra. Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century

6562: 6555: 6438: 6412: 6220: 6190: 5851: 3965: 2864: 2767: 2584: 2476: 2394: 2320: 2022:

faiths. Almost all of their inscriptions begin with an invocation to god

1957: 1251: 1122: 1098: 1094: 1043: 997: 789: 710: 648: 582: 533: 487: 483: 375: 319: 5123:"Society, Religion and Economic condition in the period of Rashtrakutas" 5046:"Society, Religion and Economic condition in the period of Rashtrakutas" 5018:"Society, Religion and Economic condition in the period of Rashtrakutas" 4981:"Society, Religion and Economic condition in the period of Rashtrakutas" 4953:"Society, Religion and Economic condition in the period of Rashtrakutas" 2857:(logic). An examination of inscriptions from this period shows that the 9474: 9469: 8731: 8701: 8586: 8553: 7840: 7636: 7586: 7181: 6624: 6434: 5503:

Rao, Seshagiri, L.S (1988) . "Epic (Kannada)". In Amaresh Datta (ed.).

2975: 2692: 2634: 2440:. Adikavi Pampa and Sri Ponna are called "gems of Kannada literature". 2305: 2279: 2140: 2051: 1948:

since many of the scholars who flourished in their courts and wrote in

1915: 1851: 1767: 1319: 1292: 1284: 1247: 1215: 1174: 718: 624: 620: 586: 518: 499: 495: 479: 463: 359: 335: 303: 287: 133: 66: 6847: 2524:

helped him in his effort to compete with a rival in the king's court.

1145:(one statue of the king and another of his minister). The Cholas, the 1088:

The Rashtrakutas and neighbouring polities in South Asia circa 800 CE.

9625: 9449: 9047: 9033: 8711: 8691: 8686: 8581: 8324: 8308: 8186: 7900: 7860: 7631: 7566: 7561: 7116: 7091: 6871: 6857: 6367: 2785: 2684: 2650: 2521: 2471:, a writing in 9 chapters. Somadevasuri of 950 wrote in the court of 2417: 2372: 2352: 2309: 2197: 2185: 2120: 2015: 1906: 1875: 1804: 1343: 1339: 1323: 1223: 1179: 1142: 957: 948: 765: 758: 706: 699: 671: 475: 455: 343: 295: 4153:

whose main responsibility was to draft and maintain inscriptions or

3127:

Lords of the Deccan: Southern India from the Chalukyas to the Cholas

2154:. Muslim settlers married local women; their children were known as 1322:

had a great impact on India, even on India's north. Sulaiman (851),

9620: 9605: 9499: 9489: 9484: 9454: 8721: 8641: 8631: 8621: 8616: 8596: 7905: 7728: 7528: 7196: 7121: 7086: 6445: 6328: 6186: 6012: 6004: 5958: 5949: 4223:

From notes of Periplus, Al Idrisi and Alberuni (Altekar 1934, p357)

3029: 2943: 2868: 2746: 2738: 2720: 2615: 2591:

influence. Cave temples occupied by Hindus are from later periods.

2545: 2525: 2464: 2456: 2271: 2193: 2189: 2112: 2060: 2047: 2039: 2019: 2011: 2007: 1992: 1984: 1949: 1891: 1870:

with its vast elephant herds was important for the ivory industry.

1863: 1843: 1816: 1792: 1776: 1671: 1347: 1226:

recovered the dynasty's fortunes in central India by defeating the

1134: 921: 726: 556: 537: 471: 444: 435:

between the 6th and 10th centuries. The earliest known Rashtrakuta

399: 391: 383: 145: 114: 98: 90: 80: 4605:

From the Tarkhede inscription of Govinda III, (Altekar 1934, p339)

2801:(formal). Educational institutions and places of higher learning ( 2633:

style and was built on the same lines as the Virupaksha temple at

2042:

to avert a calamity in his kingdom. King Dantidurga performed the

1141:

and received two statues as an act of submission from the king of

9464: 8671: 8661: 8646: 8316: 7945: 7596: 7591: 7131: 6526: 6452: 6353: 6334: 6182: 6055: 6008: 5970: 5963: 5745:"South Indian Inscriptions-Miscellaneous Inscriptions in Kannada" 4772: 3574:

The ablest of the Rashtrakuta kings (Altekar in Kamath 2001, p77)

2867:, written in a poetic Kanda metre, has been found as far away as 2822: 2588: 2367: 2201: 2155: 2132: 2128: 2108: 2055: 1981: 1961: 1953: 1945: 1859: 1855: 1847: 1796: 1784: 1654: 1355: 1331: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1146: 1054: 801: 738: 679: 643: 552: 541: 448: 428: 94: 18:

Early medieval period Indian dynasty (r. mid-6th to 10th century)

5361: 4412:

The Vaishnava Rashtrakutas patronised Jainism (Kamath 2001, p92)

4035:

A History of the Indian Sub-Continent from c. 7000 BC to AD 1200

2825:

country". Higher education in Sanskrit included the subjects of

2719:, Kumaraswamy temple at Sandur, numerous temples at Shirival in 749:

from the Chalukyas and defeated the Gurjaras, and the rulers of

9383: 8716: 8681: 8676: 8636: 8626: 8606: 7815: 7611: 7606: 7533: 7081: 7066: 6489: 6060: 5975: 5907: 5833: 3918:. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan Private Limited. pp. 19–20. 2970: 2772: 2716: 2700: 2696: 2646: 2645:

Dravidian style architecture. Top view of Navalinga Temples at

2607: 2599: 2595: 2398: 2377: 2331:

wrote on pure mathematics in the court of King Amoghavarsha I.

2267: 2237: 2205: 2151: 2143: 2116: 2023: 1887: 1867: 1832: 1820: 1808: 1788: 1780: 1279: 1235: 1208: 1130: 1126: 1118: 1110: 797: 769: 754: 750: 746: 734: 616: 522: 491: 478:

as its base. This clan came to be known as the Rashtrakutas of

4596:

From the notes of Al Masudi and Al Idrisi (Altekar 1934, p339)

702:, they were conversant in a northern Deccan language as well. 8611: 8576: 7850: 7785: 7136: 4922:. Gerard da Cunha-Architecture Autonomous, Bardez, Goa, India 4874:. Mumbai, India: Somaily Publications. pp. 19, 115–116. 3732: 2960: 2859: 2730: 2708: 2704: 2611: 2324: 2262: 2181: 2101: 2027: 1883: 1836: 1828: 1824: 1312: 1243: 1138: 675: 267: 5260:

History of South India (Ancient, Medieval and Modern) Part 1

4632:

From the notes of Sulaiman and Alberuni (Altekar 1934, p343)

3424:

From Rashtrakuta inscriptions call the Badami Chalukya army

3032:

in India, K.L. Hazara, Munshiram Manoharlal, 1995, pp288–294

2703:, Mallikarjuna temple at Ron, Andhakeshwara temple at Huli ( 8726: 6020: 5861: 5257: 4920:"Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent,20 September 1996" 2826: 2797:(popular) literature while literature in Sanskrit was more 2529: 2254: 2192:

mentions sixteen castes including the four basic castes of

2136: 1398: 1231: 1202:

is considered an important landmark in Kannada poetics and

705:

The heart of the Rashtrakuta empire included nearly all of

639: 551:

mathematicians and scholars contributed important works in

548: 529: 509:

This period, between the 8th and the 10th centuries, saw a

416: 5347:. Madhya Pradesh: Digambar Jain Sahitya Samrakshan Samiti. 3554:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 31, 146. 5379:

Cultural history of Karnataka : ancient and medieval

4337:

From the Begumra plates of Krishna II (Altekar 1934, p227

3157:

under the rule of Badami Chalukyas (Altekar 1934, p21–26)

1674:

which included 12,000 villages in that territory, lesser

1198:

was an accomplished scholar in Kannada and Sanskrit. His

821: 5258:

Chopra, P.N.; Ravindran, T.K.; Subrahmanian, N (2003) .

2625:

according to Adam Hardy. It does not contain any of the

1995:), I write Prashnottara Ratnamalika". The mathematician 48: Core extent of Rashtrakuta Empire, 800 CE, 915 CE. 5633:

Penguin History of Early India: From origins to AD 1300

3388: 1787:

and Tagara were important centres of textile industry.

1113:. His military exploits have been compared to those of 3361:

Possibly Dravidian Kannada origin (Karmarkar 1947 p26)

2266:

for the lower part of the body. Only kings could wear

5578:. New Delhi: Indian Branch, Oxford University Press. 4569:

From the notes of Alberuni (Altekar 1934, p332, p334)

4307:

From the writings of Chandesvara (Altekar 1934, p216)

4157:

as would an archivist. (Altekar in Kamath (2001), p85

2788:) interfaced between the increasing use of the local 2656:

While some scholars have claimed the architecture at

642:

language, contemporaneous literature in Sanskrit and

634:

The sources for Rashtrakuta history include medieval

4650:

From the notes of Ibn Khurdadba (Altekar 1934, p346)

4578:

From the notes of Ibn Khurdadba (Altekar 1934, p337)

4515:

From the notes of Alberuni (Altekar 1934, pp330–331)

3339: 3337: 2225:

sub-caste (noble Kshatriyas) were higher in status.

2115:

too found support and was popular in places such as

2080:(another name for Shiva). The kings' titles such as 768:

brought major portions of present-day Karnataka and

6787:, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press 4689:

From the notes of Ibn Kurdadba (Altekar 1934, p353)

4560:

From the notes of Yuan Chwang, Altekar (1934), p331

3895:

Conqueror of Kanchi and Tanjore (Sastri 1955, p162)

3318: 3316: 3314: 5279:Rudrakavis Great Poem of the Dynasty of Rastraudha 4470:From the notes of Masudi (916) (Sastri 1955, p396) 4355:From the writings of Somadeva (Altekar 1934, p244) 1182:and ministers. Amoghavarsha I made peace with the 573:style, the finest example of which is seen in the 9773:States and territories disestablished in the 980s 5559:. New Delhi, Madras: Asian Educational Services. 5447:. New Delhi, Madras: Asian Educational Services. 5125:. 1998–2000 OurKarnataka.Com, Inc. Archived from 5113: 5048:. 1998–2000 OurKarnataka.Com, Inc. Archived from 5020:. 1998–2000 OurKarnataka.Com, Inc. Archived from 4983:. 1998–2000 OurKarnataka.Com, Inc. Archived from 4955:. 1998–2000 OurKarnataka.Com, Inc. Archived from 4805:L.S. Seshagiri Rao in Amaresh Datta (1988), p1180 4328:From the notes of Al Idrisi (Altekar (1934), p223 3334: 3325: 3124: 2875:. Kavirajamarga, a work on poetics in Kannada by 2512:(915), the earliest in champu style in Sanskrit, 2366:, widely regarded as one of the most influential 2188:, the famed 10th century Persian / central Asian 686:, or other north western ethnic groups of India. 9689: 5120: 5043: 5015: 4978: 4950: 4899:. Gerard da Cunha-Architecture Autonomous, India 3968:for services rendered in war (Sastri 1955, p162) 3311: 1295:(fasting unto death practised by Jain monks) at 5505:Encyclopaedia of Indian literature – vol 2 5440: 5141: 4745:type of composition (Narasimhacharya 1988, p12) 4623:From the notes of Alberuni (Altekar 1934, p342) 4587:From the notes of Alberuni (Altekar 1934, p337) 4542:From the notes of Alberuni (Altekar 1934, p326) 4524:From the notes of Alberuni, Altekar (1934) p325 4506:From the notes of Alberuni (Altekar 1934, p324) 4488:From the notes of Alberuni (Altekar 1934, p317) 3932: 2753:style as opposed to traditional Dravida style. 2520:and Begumra plates. Legend has it that Goddess 2451:, praising the people for their literary skills 2420:, patronised by King Krishna III and famed for 2393:(941), the author's version of the Hindu epic, 2006:However, the Rashtrakuta kings also patronized 1370:, was an usurper from the Rashtrakuta dynasty. 9768:States and territories established in the 750s 8950:List of urban agglomerations in Andhra Pradesh 8945:List of cities in Andhra Pradesh by population 5743:Sastri & Rao, Shama & Lakshminarayan. 5557:Mysore Gazetteer Compiled for Government-vol 1 5064: 4533:From the notes of Abuzaid (Altekar 1934, p325) 4175:From the notes of Al Masudi (Kamath 2001, p88) 3600:modern Morkhand in Maharashtra (Reu 1933, p65) 2447:A stanza from the 9th century Kannada classic 2405:, it is a eulogy of the writer's patron, King 2241:between people of various castes was avoided. 1795:. The cotton yarn and cloth was exported from 1137:of Kanchi, installed a ruler of his choice in 1093:The ascent of Dhruva Dharavarsha's third son, 9007: 8148: 6833: 5793: 3629: 3603: 3594: 1569: 563:, the most famous king of this dynasty wrote 8960:List of urban local bodies in Andhra Pradesh 5807: 5742: 5527:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 5488:. Berkeley: University of California Press. 5070: 4778: 4761: 4708: 4706: 4704: 3793: 3791: 3577: 3547: 3286: 3284: 3262: 3260: 3120: 3118: 2552:later completed by his disciple Gunabhadra, 2327:gained fame, and noted scholars such as the 2249:(a custom in which a dead man's widow would 1712:The Rashtrakutas issued coins (minted in an 8955:List of revenue divisions in Andhra Pradesh 6768: 5381:. Dharwar: Karnataka Vidyavardhaka Sangha. 4792: 4790: 4748: 4676: 4674: 4388: 4315: 4313: 4249: 4247: 4015: 4013: 3781: 3779: 3777: 3738: 3725: 3517: 3510: 3508: 3250: 3248: 3192:. Banavasi (India): Printwell. p. 121. 3183: 3181: 2416:Another notable Jain writer in Kannada was 2176:Society of Rashtrakuta empire of Manyakheta 1758:Economy of Rashtrakuta empire of Manyakheta 1318:In conclusion, the rise of Rashtrakutas of 9014: 9000: 8155: 8141: 6840: 6826: 5800: 5786: 5104: 5036: 4911: 4420: 4418: 4381: 4379: 4201: 4199: 3716: 3664:From the Nesari records (Kamath 2001, p76) 3487: 1576: 1562: 38: 9662:List of urban agglomerations in Telangana 9657:List of cities in Telangana by population 5540:. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. 5426:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 5376: 5276: 4897:"Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent" 4822: 4820: 4701: 4445: 3880: 3814: 3812: 3788: 3651: 3649: 3622: 3526: 3281: 3257: 3115: 2578:Kailasanath Temple at Ellora, Maharashtra 1902:( a coin) on vessels travelling locally. 6782: 5412: 5177: 5095: 5008: 4917: 4894: 4863: 4829: 4799: 4787: 4683: 4671: 4662: 4653: 4644: 4635: 4626: 4617: 4608: 4599: 4590: 4581: 4572: 4563: 4554: 4509: 4358: 4349: 4340: 4331: 4322: 4310: 4301: 4292: 4283: 4274: 4244: 4010: 4003: 4001: 3971: 3886:Conqueror of Kanchi, (Thapar 2003, p334) 3870: 3852: 3774: 3505: 3453: 3409: 3245: 3178: 3081: 3079: 3077: 3024: 3022: 2760: 2640: 2573: 2493:and other writings. The main aim of the 2442: 2299: 1761: 1662:. For example, Bankesha, a commander of 721:, who probably ruled from Achalapura in 521:ruled a vast empire stretching from the 470:and went on to build an empire with the 9758:10th-century disestablishments in India 9672:List of urban local bodies in Telangana 5595:Ancient Indian History and Civilization 5483: 5290:. New York: Columbia University Press. 5237: 5213: 5204: 5168: 4999: 4934: 4854: 4808: 4715: 4545: 4536: 4527: 4518: 4500: 4491: 4482: 4464: 4436: 4415: 4406: 4376: 4265: 4256: 4235: 4226: 4217: 4208: 4196: 4160: 4147: 3989: 3954: 3913: 3907: 3843: 3765: 3667: 3444: 3418: 3274: 3272: 3065: 2691:temple and the Jain Narayana temple at 1791:cloth were manufactured in Paithan and 1414:Political history of medieval Karnataka 589:in modern Karnataka, both of which are 427:) (r. 753 – 982 CE) was a royal Indian 9690: 9397:Rachakonda-Bhuvanagiri, Hyderabad East 6791: 6357:Co-existence of Hinduism and Buddhism 5666: 5654:. Poona: Oriental Book Supply Agency. 5649: 5630: 5573: 5467:History of the Rashtrakutas (Rathodas) 5421: 5351: 5323: 5150: 4971: 4943: 4817: 4692: 4473: 4455: 4427: 4397: 4187: 4178: 4126: 4111: 4022: 3980: 3889: 3861: 3834: 3809: 3800: 3731:A capital city built to excel that of 3676: 3658: 3646: 3478: 3471: 3469: 3467: 3465: 3435: 3355: 3302: 3230:Hultzsch and Reu in Reu (1933), p2, p4 3187: 3097: 3056: 3044: 2536:. A theologian, his contributions are 1017: 1006: 995: 966: 910: 901: 892: 881: 872: 861: 850: 841: 772:under his control. During the rule of 8995: 8136: 6821: 6759: 6554: 6371: 6300: 6273: 6224: 6219: 5781: 5697: 5611: 5304: 5285: 5195: 5186: 5159: 4869: 4731: 4367: 4169: 4102: 3998: 3756: 3493:Desai and Aiyar in Kamath (2001), p75 3346: 3221:D.R.Bhandarkar in Reu, (1933), p1, p7 3203:A.C. Burnell in Pandit Reu (1933), p4 3188:Shetty, Sadanand Ramakrishna (1994). 3169: 3160: 3106: 3074: 3019: 2355:, perhaps the 6th-century monarch of 2046:(horse sacrifice) and the Sanjan and 986: 955: 946: 937: 928: 919: 830: 5554: 5535: 5393: 5342: 4845: 4093: 4066: 3898: 3821: 3747: 3707: 3698: 3685: 3373: 3343:Narasimhacharya (1988), pp17–18, p68 3269: 3215: 3147: 3035: 2998: 2602:is their creation of the monolithic 1987:and wrote in his religious writing, 1724:in silver and gold weighing 65 1190:at Vingavalli and assumed the title 1070: 1061: 1052: 1041: 975: 819: 169:• Earliest Rashtrakuta records 9748:8th-century establishments in India 9652:List of cities in Telangana by area 5592: 5502: 5461: 4977:Percy Brown and James Fergusson in 4084: 4075: 4057: 4048: 4037:, pp.207–208, Routledge, New York, 3613: 3568: 3541: 3496: 3462: 3364: 3293: 3233: 3224: 3206: 3197: 3088: 2771:inscription at Navalinga temple in 2618:while the ceilings have paintings. 1030: 13: 5706:. OurKarnataka.Com. Archived from 5465:, Pandit Bisheshwar Nath (1997) . 3964:(provincial grant) by Rashtrakuta 3129:. India: Juggernaut. p. 193. 3005:. Grove Publication. p. 198. 2687:their most famous temples are the 1211:and called "Ashoka of the South". 14: 9784: 8965:List of mandals of Andhra Pradesh 5764: 5722: 5262:. New Delhi: Chand Publications. 4775:poetry (Narasimhacharya 1988, p2) 4767:Other early writers mentioned in 3806:Panchamukhi in Kamath (2001), p80 3691:Narayanan, M. G. S. (2013), p95, 3153:A Kannada dynasty was created in 2883:, is perhaps the earliest in the 2544:(written with another theologian 2387:. Pampa's other notable work was 2253:herself on her husband's funeral 1991:, "having bowed to Varaddhamana ( 1373: 603:Origin of the Rashtrakuta dynasty 9023: 8976: 8164: 6848: 6740: 6731: 6722: 6713: 6704: 6695: 6686: 6677: 6667:References and sources for table 5574:Sastri, Nilakanta K.A. (2002) . 5398:. New York: Grove Publications. 5345:Bharatiya Digambar Jain Abhilekh 4888: 3551:A Historical atlas of South Asia 3548:Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). 3389:Hoiberg and Ramchandani (2000). 2936: 2909: 2897: 2528:was the spiritual preceptor and 2162:) and were actively involved in 1850:, Chanda, Buldhana, Narsingpur, 1397: 1270:In 972 A.D., during the rule of 814: 486:in 753 AD. At the same time the 247: 222: 5245:. Poona: Oriental Book Agency. 5147:Hardy (1995), p5 (introduction) 4120: 3382: 2563: 1968:and their loyal feudatory, the 1597:. Under him was the commander ( 611:Branches of Rashtrakuta dynasty 9713:Former countries in South Asia 9667:List of districts in Telangana 6902:Jaya Bharata Jananiya Tanujate 5771:Archaeological Survey of India 5469:. Jaipur: Publication Scheme. 5352:Kamath, Suryanath U. (2001) . 3942:. 2007 Encyclopædia Britannica 3735:(Sastri, 1955, p4, p132, p146) 3628:From the Sanjan inscriptions, 3532:From the Karda inscription, a 2992: 1779:and Berar. Minnagar, Gujarat, 1169:The successor of Govinda III, 513:for the resources of the rich 1: 9708:Empires and kingdoms of India 7983:List of people from Karnataka 5616:. India: Pearsons Education. 5593:Sen, Sailendra Nath (1999) . 5444:History of Kannada Literature 5225: 4870:Rajan, K.V. Soundara (1998). 4394:Altekar in Kamath (2001), p92 3695:Thrissur (Kerala): CosmoBooks 3634:. 1996–2006 Kamat's Potpourri 3538:(Altekar in Kamath 2001, p75) 3441:Altekar in Kamath (2001), p72 2475:, a feudatory of Rashtrakuta 2289: 2166:and manning shipping fleets. 2111:, Vaishnavaism and Shaivism. 1890:, sweet clover, flint glass, 1694:or village administered by a 1632:The kingdom was divided into 8441:Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Konaseema 8079:Varnashilpi Venkatappa Award 6796:, Cambridge University Press 6764:, Cambridge University Press 6494:Decline of Buddhism in India 5931:Northern Black Polished Ware 5441:Narasimhacharya, R (1988) . 5356:. Bangalore: Jupiter books. 2733:which was later expanded by 2711:, Jain temples at Lokapura, 2323:. Bilingual writers such as 807: 638:, ancient literature in the 627:(present-day Malkhed in the 7: 8501:Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore 6762:An Introduction to Hinduism 2954: 2837:(astronomy and astrology), 2756: 2370:writers, became famous for 2058:performing such rituals as 1934: 1766:Kashivishvanatha temple at 591:UNESCO World Heritage Sites 422: 10: 9789: 9196:Asaf Jahi dynasty (Nizams) 6785:Hinduism. Past and present 6655:Chera Perumals of Makkotai 6613:Chera Perumals of Makkotai 6005:Rise of Shramana movements 5484:Pollock, Sheldon (2006) . 5422:Masica, Colin P. (1991) . 5324:Houben, Jan E.M. (1996) . 5241:, Anant Sadashiv (1934) . 5079:. Spectrum. Archived from 4814:Narasimhacharya (1988, p18 4698:Warder A.K. (1988), p. 248 3771:Narasimhacharya (1988), p1 3125:Anirudh Kanisetti (2022). 3071:Reu (1933), pp6–9, pp47–53 2567: 2293: 2173: 2169: 1972:, built Jain monuments at 1929: 1807:and Berar and exported to 1755: 1751: 1419:Origin of Karnataka's name 1265: 668:Lattalura Puravaradhiswara 600: 596: 431:ruling large parts of the 27:Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta 9644: 9566: 9508: 9440: 9382: 9204: 9143: 9055: 9040: 8973: 8937: 8834: 8781: 8750: 8567: 8544: 8401: 8373: 8282: 8194: 8182: 8092: 8039: 7991: 7964: 7776: 7763:Kannada Sahitya Sammelana 7650: 7547: 7479: 7422: 7374: 7326: 7268: 7255: 7057: 6969: 6879: 6864: 6792:Samuel, Geoffrey (2010), 6664: 6561: 6540:Pandyan kingdom (revival) 6525: 6504: 6479: 6451: 6411: 6406: 6347: 6233: 6168: 6126: 6105: 6089: 6078: 6071: 6054: 6038: 6024: 5995: 5988: 5934: 5916: 5913:Painted Grey Ware culture 5898: 5890: 5874: 5850: 5847: 5842: 5829: 5824: 5815: 5417:. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. 5377:Karmarkar, A.P. (1947) . 5277:De Bruyne, J.L. (1968) . 4851:Narasimhachar (1988), p11 3916:History of Medieval India 3432:) (Kamath 2001, p57, p65) 3190:Banavasi Through the Ages 2946:of Indra Sabha at Ellora. 2401:as the hero. Also called 1744:with 2.5 grains and 1740:weighing 15 grains, 1736:weighing 96 grains, 1732:weighing 48 grains, 1601:), the foreign minister ( 462:, and during the rule of 263: 201: 197: 187: 177: 167: 163: 155: 151: 139: 127: 123: 113: 105: 86: 72: 62: 54: 37: 32: 25: 9402:Cyberabad-Hyderabad West 7758:Kannada Sahitya Parishat 7212:Unification of Karnataka 6760:Flood, Gavin D. (1996), 6349:"Golden Age of Hinduism" 6314:Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom 6230:Maha-Meghavahana Dynasty 5991:Persian-Greek influences 5809:Middle kingdoms of India 5631:Thapar, Romila (2003) . 5612:Singh, Upinder (2008) . 5424:The Indo-Aryan Languages 5413:Majumdar, R.C. (1966) . 5309:. Abhinav Publications. 5119:Sundara and Rajashekar, 4784:Warder A.K. (1988), p240 4271:Altekar (1934), p370–371 4241:Altekar (1934), p358–359 4117:Majumdar (1966), pp50–51 4033:India: The Ancient Past: 3986:Kamath (2001), pp100–103 3914:Chandra, Satish (2009). 3212:C.V. Vaidya (1924), p171 3028:The Rise and Decline of 2986: 2919:, is one of the largest 2707:), Someshwara temple at 2430:Bhuvanaika-ramaabhyudaya 2304:Jain Narayana temple at 2180:Chronicles mention more 1989:Prashnottara Ratnamalika 1625:, administered Edathore 1605:) and a prime minister ( 1511:Unification of Karnataka 1204:Prashnottara Ratnamalika 466:, it overthrew Chalukya 454:The Elichpur clan was a 9249:Jayashankar Bhupalpally 8884:Western Chalukya Empire 7978:Karnataka ethnic groups 7916:Krishnaraja Wadiyar III 6783:Michaels, Axel (2004), 6481:Late-Classical Hinduism 5729:Dynasties of the Deccan 5674:. Motilal Banarsidass. 5672:Indian Kavya Literature 5415:The Struggle for Empire 5286:Dalby, Andrew (2004) . 5201:Rice, B.L. (1897), p497 5073:"Reclaiming past glory" 4872:Rock-cut Temple Styles' 3395:. Students Britannica. 3352:Altekar (1934), pp21–24 2887:style from the Deccan. 2779:With the ending of the 2660:is attributable to the 2483:. He was the author of 1456:Western Chalukya Empire 764:Dantidurga's successor 733:) of Kirtivarman II of 540:and the later kings by 243:Western Chalukya Empire 9568:Municipal corporations 9219:Komaram Bheem Asifabad 5867:Middle Gangetic Plain 5650:Vaidya, C.V. (1979) . 5635:. New Delhi: Penguin. 5597:. New Age Publishers. 5192:Rice, E.P. (1921), p12 5156:Thapar (2002), pp393–4 5121:Arthikaje, Mangalore. 5110:Hardy (1995), p344-345 5044:Arthikaje, Mangalore. 5016:Arthikaje, Mangalore. 4979:Arthikaje, Mangalore. 4951:Arthikaje, Mangalore. 4129:South India and Ceylon 3290:Altekar (1934), p411–3 3062:Altekar (1934), pp1–32 2892:Kailasa temple, Ellora 2776: 2653: 2579: 2452: 2426:Ubhaya Kavichakravathi 2312: 2296:Rashtrakuta literature 1771: 1603:Mahakshapataladhikrita 1501:Nayakas of Chitradurga 682:, the tribes from the 189:• Disestablished 9763:982 disestablishments 9738:10th century in India 9723:History of Marathwada 8924:Sultanate of Golconda 8904:Eastern Ganga dynasty 8864:Vishnukundina dynasty 8411:Alluri Sitharama Raju 7247:Western Ganga dynasty 6396:Western Ganga Dynasty 6263: 1st century BCE 6251:Early Pandyan kingdom 6216: 2nd century BCE 6176:(ca. 200 BC - 300 CE) 6170:Preclassical Hinduism 6151:Early Pandyan kingdom 6123: 3rd century BCE 6068: 4th century BCE 6035: 5th century BCE 5945: 6th century BCE 5870:Lower Gangetic Plain 5858:Upper Gangetic Plain 5305:Hardy, Adam (1995) . 3840:Sen (1999), pp373-374 3827:From the writings of 3619:Kamath 2001, MCC, p76 3370:Masica (1991), p45-46 3308:Sen (1999), pp380-381 3085:Kamath (2001), p72–74 2764: 2644: 2577: 2568:Further information: 2446: 2357:Western Ganga dynasty 2347:is a guide to poets ( 2303: 1970:Western Ganga Dynasty 1803:were manufactured in 1765: 1272:Khottiga Amoghavarsha 1230:and then invaded the 1184:Western Ganga dynasty 601:Further information: 482:, rising to power in 73:Common languages 9733:9th century in India 9728:8th century in India 9224:Bhadradri Kothagudem 8821:Wildlife sanctuaries 8491:Parvathipuram Manyam 8333:Rose-ringed parakeet 8069:Rajyotsava Prashasti 7936:K. S. Narasimhaswamy 6746:Michaels (2004) p.41 6737:Michaels (2004) p.40 6719:Michaels (2004) p.39 6701:Michaels (2004) p.39 6638:Kamboja-Pala dynasty 6270: 1st century CE 5704:History of karnataka 5555:Rice, B.L. (2001) . 5536:Rice, E.P. (1982) . 5394:Keay, John (2000) . 5343:Jain, K.C. (2001) . 5219:Altekar (1934), p408 5210:Altekar (1934), p404 4680:Altekar (1934), p351 4668:Altekar (1934), p350 4659:Altekar (1934), p349 4641:Altekar (1934), p345 4614:Altekar (1934), p341 4551:Altekar (1934), p329 4497:Altekar (1934), p318 4346:Altekar (1934), p242 4319:Altekar (1934), p222 4289:Altekar (1934), p213 4280:Altekar (1934), p223 4262:Altekar (1934), p368 4253:Altekar (1934), p230 4232:Altekar (1934), p358 4214:Altekar (1934), p355 4205:Altekar (1934), p354 4193:Altekar (1934), p356 4133:University of Madras 4090:Jain (2001), pp67–75 3904:Sen 1999), pp374-375 2904:Interior and arcades 2809:of later centuries. 2807:devotional movements 2793:language formed the 2010:'s followers of the 1748:of 1.25 grain. 1686:looked after by the 1481:Sultanate of Bijapur 1391:History of Karnataka 1085:class=notpageimage| 504:Silsilat al-Tawarikh 9698:Rashtrakuta dynasty 8929:Vijayanagara Empire 8859:Salankayana dynasty 8293:Maa Telugu Thalliki 7956:G. S. Shivarudrappa 7926:Gopalakrishna Adiga 7577:Chitrakala Parishat 7504:Dams and reservoirs 7376:Kalaburagi division 7217:Vijayanagara Empire 7192:Rashtrakuta dynasty 7107:Chitradurga Nayakas 6893:Emblem of Karnataka 6597:Rashtrakuta dynasty 6049:Shaishunaga dynasty 5999:Second Urbanisation 5844:Indo-Gangetic Plain 5507:. Sahitya Akademi. 5183:Sastri (1955), p355 5174:Vaidya (1924), p170 5165:Thapar (2002), p396 5101:Hardy (1995), p.341 4826:Sastri (1955), p314 4796:Sastri (1955), p356 4127:Pillay, K. (1963). 3977:Kamath (2001), p101 3818:Sastri (1955), p161 3762:Sastri (1955), p145 3682:Sastri (1955), p144 3630:Dr. Jyotsna Kamat. 3475:Sastri (1955), p143 3459:Thapar (2003), p333 3450:Sastri (1955), p141 3392:Rashtrakuta Dynasty 2999:Keay, John (2000). 2390:Vikramarjuna Vijaya 2001:Ganita Sarasangraha 1471:Vijayanagara Empire 1214:During the rule of 1115:Alexander the Great 629:Kalaburagi district 619:in the 2nd century 575:Kailasanatha Temple 547:During their rule, 511:tripartite struggle 433:Indian subcontinent 279:Rashtrakuta dynasty 179:• Established 9753:753 establishments 9743:Medieval Karnataka 9703:Dynasties of India 9636:Meerpet–Jillelguda 9294:Medchal-Malkajgiri 8889:Rashtrakuta Empire 8844:Satavahana dynasty 8357:Banginapalli Mango 7866:Nijaguna Shivayogi 7270:Bangalore division 6728:Hiltebeitel (2002) 6710:Hiltebeitel (2002) 6408:Hephthalite Empire 6244:(300 BCE – 200 CE) 6235:Satavahana dynasty 6221:Indo-Greek Kingdom 6144:(300 BCE – 200 CE) 6135:Satavahana dynasty 6108:Spread of Buddhism 5830:Northwestern India 5725:"The Rashtrakutas" 5710:on 4 November 2006 5700:"The Rashtrakutas" 5538:Kannada Literature 5129:on 4 November 2006 5052:on 4 November 2006 5024:on 4 November 2006 5005:Kamath (2001), p93 4987:on 4 November 2006 4959:on 4 November 2006 4940:Hardy (1995), p327 4860:Hardy (1995), p111 4712:Kamath (2001), p89 4424:Kamath (2001), p91 4385:Kamath (2001), p92 4184:Kamath (2001), p88 4166:Kamath (2001), p86 4019:Kamath (2001), p94 3995:Reu (1933), p39–41 3849:Kamath (2001), p82 3831:(Kamath 2001, p81) 3785:Kamath (2001), p90 3591:(Kamath 2001, p76) 3583:Modern Morkhandi ( 3299:Dalby (1998), p300 3278:Houben(1996), p215 3266:Pollock 2006, p332 3254:Kamath (2001), p73 3175:Singh (2008), p556 3166:Kamath 2001, p72–3 3112:Reu (1933), pp1–15 3103:Kamath (2001), p72 2777: 2654: 2604:Kailasanath Temple 2580: 2486:Yasastilaka champu 2469:Ganitasarasangraha 2453: 2376:(941). Written in 2313: 2276:Atakur inscription 2074:copper plate grant 1882:wines, tin, lead, 1772: 1707:Sthirabhuta Kataka 1461:Southern Kalachuri 1451:Rashtrakuta Empire 774:Dhruva Dharavarsha 607:Carnatic expansion 496:Prathihara dynasty 447:and the rulers of 441:copper plate grant 312:Dhruva Dharavarsha 9685: 9684: 9392:Hyderabad central 9171:Western Chalukyas 8989: 8988: 8879:Eastern Chalukyas 8130: 8129: 8074:Jakanachari Award 7911:Shishunala Sharif 7622:Togalu gombeyaata 7475: 7474: 7328:Belagavi division 7172:Kingdom of Mysore 7152:Kalyani Chalukyas 6961:Southern birdwing 6815: 6814: 6810: 6809: 6806: 6805: 6647:Eastern Chalukyas 6643:Kalyani Chalukyas 6601:Eastern Chalukyas 6590:Gurjara-Pratihara 6583: 9th century 6568:Eastern Chalukyas 6551: 8th century 6536:Eastern Chalukyas 6522:Mlechchha dynasty 6501: 7th century 6483:(ca. CE 650-1100) 6430: 6th century 6403: 5th century 6363: 4th century 6309: 3rd century 6297: 2nd century 6207:Mahayana Buddhism 6174:"Hindu Synthesis" 6041:Persian conquests 5926:Shramanic culture 5862:Ganga-Yamuna doab 5623:978-81-317-1120-0 5071:Vijapur, Raju S. 4949:Vincent Smith in 4727:978-0-12-397913-1 4043:978-0-415-35615-2 4007:Keay (2000), p200 3940:"Amoghavarsha IV" 3925:978-81-250-3226-7 3655:Keay (2000), p199 3632:"The Rashrakutas" 3402:978-0-85229-760-5 3242:in Reu (1933), p6 3136:978-93-91165-0-55 2966:Kalyani Chalukyas 2735:Kalyani Chalukyas 2078:Parama Maheshwara 1966:Bagalkot district 1670:, besides ruling 1595:Panchamahashabdas 1591:Mahasandhivigrahi 1586: 1585: 1496:Nayakas of Keladi 1486:Kingdom of Mysore 1476:Bahmani Sultanate 1364:Rajadhiraja Chola 1354:of Mandore (near 1301:Western Chalukyas 1188:Eastern Chalukyas 794:Eastern Chalukyas 474:region in modern 439:is a 7th-century 410: 409: 273: 272: 259: 258: 255: 254: 235: 234: 9780: 9631:Bandlaguda Jagir 9384:Commissionerates 9334:Rajanna Sircilla 9254:Jogulamba Gadwal 9181:Musunuri Nayakas 9028: 9027: 9026: 9016: 9009: 9002: 8993: 8992: 8983:India portal 8981: 8980: 8979: 8914:Musunuri Nayakas 8894:Kakatiya dynasty 8869:Chalukya dynasty 8169: 8168: 8167: 8157: 8150: 8143: 8134: 8133: 8084:Kempegowda Award 8064:Basava Puraskara 8059:Nrupatunga Award 7931:V. Seetharamaiah 7752: 7745: 7738: 7731: 7724: 7717: 7710: 7703: 7701:Western Chalukya 7696: 7689: 7682: 7675: 7668: 7642:Mysore musicians 7572:Channapatna toys 7489:Cities and towns 7442:Dakshina Kannada 7266: 7265: 7232:Veera Ballala II 7167:Kittur Chennamma 7127:Kingdom of Coorg 7102:Chalukya dynasty 6852: 6842: 6835: 6828: 6819: 6818: 6797: 6788: 6779: 6770:Hiltebeitel, Alf 6765: 6747: 6744: 6738: 6735: 6729: 6726: 6720: 6717: 6711: 6708: 6702: 6699: 6693: 6690: 6684: 6681: 6532:Badami Chalukyas 6527:Adivasi (tribes) 6517:Empire of Harsha 6513:Vakataka dynasty 6466:Kalabhra dynasty 6462:Badami Chalukyas 6453:Adivasi (tribes) 6422:Kalabhra dynasty 6388:Kalabhra dynasty 6384:Andhra Ikshvakus 6351:(ca. CE 320-650) 6335:Adivasi (tribes) 6203:Smarta Tradition 6056:Adivasi (tribes) 5971:Adivasi (tribes) 5827:cultural period 5822: 5821: 5818: 5817: 5802: 5795: 5788: 5779: 5778: 5759: 5757: 5755: 5739: 5737: 5735: 5723:Kamat, Jyotsna. 5719: 5717: 5715: 5685: 5663: 5646: 5627: 5608: 5589: 5570: 5551: 5532: 5526: 5518: 5499: 5480: 5458: 5437: 5418: 5409: 5396:India: A History 5390: 5373: 5348: 5339: 5320: 5301: 5282: 5273: 5254: 5220: 5217: 5211: 5208: 5202: 5199: 5193: 5190: 5184: 5181: 5175: 5172: 5166: 5163: 5157: 5154: 5148: 5145: 5139: 5138: 5136: 5134: 5117: 5111: 5108: 5102: 5099: 5093: 5092: 5090: 5088: 5068: 5062: 5061: 5059: 5057: 5040: 5034: 5033: 5031: 5029: 5012: 5006: 5003: 4997: 4996: 4994: 4992: 4975: 4969: 4968: 4966: 4964: 4947: 4941: 4938: 4932: 4931: 4929: 4927: 4915: 4909: 4908: 4906: 4904: 4892: 4886: 4885: 4867: 4861: 4858: 4852: 4849: 4843: 4833: 4827: 4824: 4815: 4812: 4806: 4803: 4797: 4794: 4785: 4782: 4776: 4765: 4759: 4752: 4746: 4735: 4729: 4719: 4713: 4710: 4699: 4696: 4690: 4687: 4681: 4678: 4669: 4666: 4660: 4657: 4651: 4648: 4642: 4639: 4633: 4630: 4624: 4621: 4615: 4612: 4606: 4603: 4597: 4594: 4588: 4585: 4579: 4576: 4570: 4567: 4561: 4558: 4552: 4549: 4543: 4540: 4534: 4531: 4525: 4522: 4516: 4513: 4507: 4504: 4498: 4495: 4489: 4486: 4480: 4477: 4471: 4468: 4462: 4459: 4453: 4449: 4443: 4440: 4434: 4431: 4425: 4422: 4413: 4410: 4404: 4401: 4395: 4392: 4386: 4383: 4374: 4371: 4365: 4362: 4356: 4353: 4347: 4344: 4338: 4335: 4329: 4326: 4320: 4317: 4308: 4305: 4299: 4296: 4290: 4287: 4281: 4278: 4272: 4269: 4263: 4260: 4254: 4251: 4242: 4239: 4233: 4230: 4224: 4221: 4215: 4212: 4206: 4203: 4194: 4191: 4185: 4182: 4176: 4173: 4167: 4164: 4158: 4151: 4145: 4144: 4124: 4118: 4115: 4109: 4108:De Bruyne (1968) 4106: 4100: 4099:Reu (1933), p112 4097: 4091: 4088: 4082: 4081:Reu (1933), p110 4079: 4073: 4072:Reu (1933), p113 4070: 4064: 4063:Reu (1933), p100 4061: 4055: 4052: 4046: 4026: 4020: 4017: 4008: 4005: 3996: 3993: 3987: 3984: 3978: 3975: 3969: 3958: 3952: 3951: 3949: 3947: 3936: 3930: 3929: 3911: 3905: 3902: 3896: 3893: 3887: 3884: 3878: 3874: 3868: 3865: 3859: 3856: 3850: 3847: 3841: 3838: 3832: 3825: 3819: 3816: 3807: 3804: 3798: 3795: 3786: 3783: 3772: 3769: 3763: 3760: 3754: 3751: 3745: 3742: 3736: 3729: 3723: 3720: 3714: 3713:Sen (1999), p371 3711: 3705: 3702: 3696: 3689: 3683: 3680: 3674: 3671: 3665: 3662: 3656: 3653: 3644: 3643: 3641: 3639: 3626: 3620: 3617: 3611: 3607: 3601: 3598: 3592: 3581: 3575: 3572: 3566: 3565: 3545: 3539: 3530: 3524: 3521: 3515: 3514:Sen (1999), p370 3512: 3503: 3500: 3494: 3491: 3485: 3484:Sen (1999), p368 3482: 3476: 3473: 3460: 3457: 3451: 3448: 3442: 3439: 3433: 3422: 3416: 3413: 3407: 3406: 3386: 3380: 3377: 3371: 3368: 3362: 3359: 3353: 3350: 3344: 3341: 3332: 3329: 3323: 3320: 3309: 3306: 3300: 3297: 3291: 3288: 3279: 3276: 3267: 3264: 3255: 3252: 3243: 3237: 3231: 3228: 3222: 3219: 3213: 3210: 3204: 3201: 3195: 3193: 3185: 3176: 3173: 3167: 3164: 3158: 3151: 3145: 3144: 3122: 3113: 3110: 3104: 3101: 3095: 3092: 3086: 3083: 3072: 3069: 3063: 3060: 3054: 3048: 3042: 3039: 3033: 3026: 3017: 3016: 3002:India: A History 2996: 2981:Prithvi-vallabha 2940: 2913: 2901: 2790:Kannada language 2713:Navalinga temple 2689:Kashivishvanatha 2362:The Jain writer 2104:, the sun god). 1974:Shravanabelagola 1578: 1571: 1564: 1401: 1378: 1377: 1297:Shravanabelagola 1289:Bijapur district 1228:Kingdom of Malwa 1079: 1077: 1068: 1066: 1059: 1057: 1050: 1048: 1039: 1037: 1028: 1026: 1015: 1013: 1004: 1002: 993: 991: 984: 982: 973: 971: 964: 962: 953: 951: 944: 942: 935: 933: 926: 924: 917: 915: 908: 906: 899: 897: 890: 888: 879: 877: 870: 868: 859: 857: 848: 846: 839: 837: 828: 826: 818: 731:Badami Chalukyas 691:Kannada language 652:—Solar line and 532:in the north to 460:Badami Chalukyas 425: 368:Amoghavarsha III 275: 274: 251: 250: 239: 238: 230:Chalukya dynasty 226: 225: 219: 218: 203: 202: 47: 42: 23: 22: 9788: 9787: 9783: 9782: 9781: 9779: 9778: 9777: 9718:Hindu dynasties 9688: 9687: 9686: 9681: 9640: 9562: 9504: 9436: 9378: 9200: 9139: 9108:Telugu language 9051: 9036: 9024: 9022: 9020: 8990: 8985: 8977: 8975: 8969: 8933: 8909:Gajapati Empire 8899:Velanati Chodas 8874:Pallava dynasty 8849:Andhra Ikshvaku 8830: 8777: 8746: 8563: 8540: 8397: 8369: 8341:Great Snakehead 8278: 8190: 8178: 8165: 8163: 8161: 8131: 8126: 8088: 8049:Karnataka Ratna 8035: 7987: 7960: 7896:Jagannatha Dasa 7811:Devar Dasimayya 7772: 7748: 7741: 7734: 7727: 7720: 7713: 7706: 7699: 7692: 7685: 7678: 7671: 7664: 7646: 7543: 7471: 7424:Mysore division 7418: 7370: 7322: 7318:Chikkaballapura 7283:Bangalore Rural 7278:Bangalore Urban 7251: 7242:Vikramaditya VI 7237:Vikramaditya II 7162:Shivappa Nayaka 7147:Kadamba dynasty 7053: 6965: 6875: 6860: 6846: 6816: 6811: 6802: 6801: 6800: 6750: 6745: 6741: 6736: 6732: 6727: 6723: 6718: 6714: 6709: 6705: 6700: 6696: 6691: 6687: 6682: 6678: 6668: 6657: 6653: 6651:Medieval Cholas 6649: 6645: 6636: 6611: 6609:Medieval Cholas 6607: 6605:Pandyan kingdom 6603: 6599: 6574: 6572:Pandyan kingdom 6570: 6542: 6538: 6534: 6515: 6492: 6486:Advaita Vedanta 6484: 6468: 6464: 6460: 6437: 6424: 6420: 6394: 6392:Kadamba Dynasty 6390: 6386: 6377: 6356: 6352: 6324:Western Satraps 6286:Kuninda Kingdom 6278: 6257: 6253: 6249: 6245: 6243: 6237: 6228: 6205: 6177: 6157: 6153: 6149: 6145: 6143: 6137: 6074:Greek conquests 6007: 6003: 5929: 5923: 5911: 5905: 5859: 5831: 5826: 5811: 5806: 5767: 5762: 5753: 5751: 5733: 5731: 5713: 5711: 5688: 5682: 5643: 5624: 5605: 5586: 5567: 5548: 5520: 5519: 5515: 5496: 5477: 5455: 5434: 5406: 5336: 5317: 5298: 5270: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5214: 5209: 5205: 5200: 5196: 5191: 5187: 5182: 5178: 5173: 5169: 5164: 5160: 5155: 5151: 5146: 5142: 5132: 5130: 5118: 5114: 5109: 5105: 5100: 5096: 5086: 5084: 5069: 5065: 5055: 5053: 5041: 5037: 5027: 5025: 5013: 5009: 5004: 5000: 4990: 4988: 4976: 4972: 4962: 4960: 4948: 4944: 4939: 4935: 4925: 4923: 4916: 4912: 4902: 4900: 4893: 4889: 4882: 4868: 4864: 4859: 4855: 4850: 4846: 4834: 4830: 4825: 4818: 4813: 4809: 4804: 4800: 4795: 4788: 4783: 4779: 4766: 4762: 4753: 4749: 4736: 4732: 4720: 4716: 4711: 4702: 4697: 4693: 4688: 4684: 4679: 4672: 4667: 4663: 4658: 4654: 4649: 4645: 4640: 4636: 4631: 4627: 4622: 4618: 4613: 4609: 4604: 4600: 4595: 4591: 4586: 4582: 4577: 4573: 4568: 4564: 4559: 4555: 4550: 4546: 4541: 4537: 4532: 4528: 4523: 4519: 4514: 4510: 4505: 4501: 4496: 4492: 4487: 4483: 4478: 4474: 4469: 4465: 4460: 4456: 4450: 4446: 4441: 4437: 4433:Reu (1933), p34 4432: 4428: 4423: 4416: 4411: 4407: 4403:Reu (1933), p36 4402: 4398: 4393: 4389: 4384: 4377: 4372: 4368: 4363: 4359: 4354: 4350: 4345: 4341: 4336: 4332: 4327: 4323: 4318: 4311: 4306: 4302: 4297: 4293: 4288: 4284: 4279: 4275: 4270: 4266: 4261: 4257: 4252: 4245: 4240: 4236: 4231: 4227: 4222: 4218: 4213: 4209: 4204: 4197: 4192: 4188: 4183: 4179: 4174: 4170: 4165: 4161: 4152: 4148: 4125: 4121: 4116: 4112: 4107: 4103: 4098: 4094: 4089: 4085: 4080: 4076: 4071: 4067: 4062: 4058: 4054:Reu (1933), p93 4053: 4049: 4027: 4023: 4018: 4011: 4006: 3999: 3994: 3990: 3985: 3981: 3976: 3972: 3959: 3955: 3945: 3943: 3938: 3937: 3933: 3926: 3912: 3908: 3903: 3899: 3894: 3890: 3885: 3881: 3875: 3871: 3866: 3862: 3857: 3853: 3848: 3844: 3839: 3835: 3826: 3822: 3817: 3810: 3805: 3801: 3797:Reu (1933), p38 3796: 3789: 3784: 3775: 3770: 3766: 3761: 3757: 3752: 3748: 3743: 3739: 3730: 3726: 3721: 3717: 3712: 3708: 3703: 3699: 3690: 3686: 3681: 3677: 3673:Reu (1933), p65 3672: 3668: 3663: 3659: 3654: 3647: 3637: 3635: 3627: 3623: 3618: 3614: 3608: 3604: 3599: 3595: 3582: 3578: 3573: 3569: 3562: 3546: 3542: 3531: 3527: 3522: 3518: 3513: 3506: 3502:Reu (1933), p62 3501: 3497: 3492: 3488: 3483: 3479: 3474: 3463: 3458: 3454: 3449: 3445: 3440: 3436: 3423: 3419: 3415:Reu (1933), p54 3414: 3410: 3403: 3387: 3383: 3378: 3374: 3369: 3365: 3360: 3356: 3351: 3347: 3342: 3335: 3330: 3326: 3321: 3312: 3307: 3303: 3298: 3294: 3289: 3282: 3277: 3270: 3265: 3258: 3253: 3246: 3238: 3234: 3229: 3225: 3220: 3216: 3211: 3207: 3202: 3198: 3186: 3179: 3174: 3170: 3165: 3161: 3152: 3148: 3137: 3123: 3116: 3111: 3107: 3102: 3098: 3093: 3089: 3084: 3075: 3070: 3066: 3061: 3057: 3049: 3045: 3041:Reu (1933), p39 3040: 3036: 3027: 3020: 3013: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2957: 2951: 2947: 2941: 2932: 2914: 2905: 2902: 2759: 2751:Karnata dravida 2674:Ardhanarishvara 2623:Karnata Dravida 2572: 2566: 2558:Parshvabhyudaya 2514:Damayanti Katha 2455:Prose works in 2298: 2292: 2178: 2172: 2089:(also known as 2050:plates of King 1937: 1932: 1760: 1754: 1666:headed several 1640:(provinces). A 1582: 1553: 1552: 1551: 1524: 1516: 1515: 1491:Hyderabad State 1466:Hoysala Kingdom 1446:Chalukya Empire 1432: 1424: 1423: 1409: 1376: 1334:(757–888), the 1268: 1091: 1090: 1089: 1087: 1081: 1080: 1075: 1073: 1071: 1069: 1064: 1062: 1060: 1055: 1053: 1051: 1046: 1044: 1042: 1040: 1035: 1033: 1031: 1029: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1016: 1011: 1009: 1007: 1005: 1000: 998: 996: 994: 989: 987: 985: 980: 978: 976: 974: 969: 967: 965: 960: 958: 956: 954: 949: 947: 945: 940: 938: 936: 931: 929: 927: 922: 920: 918: 913: 911: 909: 904: 902: 900: 895: 893: 891: 886: 884: 882: 880: 875: 873: 871: 866: 864: 862: 860: 855: 853: 851: 849: 844: 842: 840: 835: 833: 831: 829: 824: 822: 820: 810: 695:Sheldon Pollock 613: 599: 515:Gangetic plains 404: 396: 388: 380: 372: 364: 356: 352:Amoghavarsha II 348: 340: 332: 324: 316: 308: 300: 292: 248: 223: 193:20 March 982 CE 190: 180: 170: 142: 141:• 973–982 130: 129:• 735–756 101: 97: 93: 79: 50: 49: 45: 28: 19: 12: 11: 5: 9786: 9776: 9775: 9770: 9765: 9760: 9755: 9750: 9745: 9740: 9735: 9730: 9725: 9720: 9715: 9710: 9705: 9700: 9683: 9682: 9680: 9679: 9674: 9669: 9664: 9659: 9654: 9648: 9646: 9642: 9641: 9639: 9638: 9633: 9628: 9623: 9618: 9613: 9608: 9603: 9598: 9593: 9588: 9583: 9578: 9572: 9570: 9564: 9563: 9561: 9560: 9555: 9550: 9548:National Parks 9545: 9540: 9535: 9530: 9525: 9520: 9514: 9512: 9506: 9505: 9503: 9502: 9497: 9492: 9487: 9482: 9477: 9472: 9467: 9462: 9457: 9452: 9446: 9444: 9438: 9437: 9435: 9434: 9429: 9424: 9419: 9414: 9409: 9404: 9399: 9394: 9388: 9386: 9380: 9379: 9377: 9376: 9371: 9366: 9361: 9356: 9351: 9346: 9341: 9336: 9331: 9326: 9321: 9316: 9311: 9306: 9301: 9296: 9291: 9286: 9281: 9276: 9271: 9266: 9261: 9256: 9251: 9246: 9241: 9236: 9231: 9226: 9221: 9216: 9210: 9208: 9202: 9201: 9199: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9183: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9163: 9158: 9156:Vishnukundinas 9153: 9147: 9145: 9141: 9140: 9138: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9122: 9117: 9116: 9115: 9105: 9100: 9095: 9090: 9085: 9080: 9075: 9070: 9065: 9059: 9057: 9053: 9052: 9041: 9038: 9037: 9019: 9018: 9011: 9004: 8996: 8987: 8986: 8974: 8971: 8970: 8968: 8967: 8962: 8957: 8952: 8947: 8941: 8939: 8935: 8934: 8932: 8931: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8896: 8891: 8886: 8881: 8876: 8871: 8866: 8861: 8856: 8854:Ananda Gotrika 8851: 8846: 8840: 8838: 8832: 8831: 8829: 8828: 8823: 8818: 8813: 8808: 8806:National parks 8803: 8798: 8793: 8787: 8785: 8779: 8778: 8776: 8775: 8770: 8765: 8762: 8756: 8754: 8748: 8747: 8745: 8744: 8739: 8734: 8729: 8724: 8719: 8714: 8709: 8707:Tadepalligudem 8704: 8699: 8694: 8689: 8684: 8679: 8674: 8669: 8664: 8659: 8654: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8634: 8629: 8624: 8619: 8614: 8609: 8604: 8599: 8594: 8592:Chilakaluripet 8589: 8584: 8579: 8573: 8571: 8565: 8564: 8562: 8561: 8556: 8550: 8548: 8542: 8541: 8539: 8538: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8511:Sri Sathya Sai 8508: 8503: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8438: 8433: 8428: 8423: 8418: 8413: 8407: 8405: 8399: 8398: 8396: 8395: 8390: 8388:Coastal Andhra 8385: 8379: 8377: 8371: 8370: 8368: 8367: 8362: 8359: 8354: 8351: 8346: 8343: 8338: 8335: 8330: 8327: 8322: 8319: 8314: 8311: 8306: 8303: 8298: 8295: 8290: 8286: 8284: 8280: 8279: 8277: 8276: 8271: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8236: 8231: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8200: 8198: 8192: 8191: 8183: 8180: 8179: 8176:Andhra Pradesh 8160: 8159: 8152: 8145: 8137: 8128: 8127: 8125: 8124: 8119: 8114: 8109: 8104: 8098: 8096: 8090: 8089: 8087: 8086: 8081: 8076: 8071: 8066: 8061: 8056: 8051: 8045: 8043: 8037: 8036: 8034: 8033: 8028: 8023: 8018: 8016:National parks 8013: 8008: 8003: 7997: 7995: 7989: 7988: 7986: 7985: 7980: 7974: 7972: 7962: 7961: 7959: 7958: 7953: 7951:D. V. Gundappa 7948: 7943: 7941:M. Govinda Pai 7938: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7918: 7913: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7893: 7888: 7883: 7878: 7876:Purandara Dasa 7873: 7871:Ratnakaravarni 7868: 7863: 7858: 7853: 7848: 7843: 7838: 7833: 7828: 7823: 7818: 7813: 7808: 7803: 7798: 7793: 7788: 7782: 7780: 7774: 7773: 7771: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7754: 7753: 7746: 7739: 7732: 7725: 7718: 7711: 7704: 7697: 7690: 7683: 7676: 7669: 7656: 7654: 7648: 7647: 7645: 7644: 7639: 7634: 7629: 7624: 7619: 7614: 7609: 7604: 7602:Karnatik music 7599: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7574: 7569: 7564: 7559: 7553: 7551: 7545: 7544: 7542: 7541: 7536: 7531: 7526: 7521: 7516: 7511: 7506: 7501: 7496: 7491: 7485: 7483: 7477: 7476: 7473: 7472: 7470: 7469: 7464: 7459: 7454: 7449: 7444: 7439: 7434: 7432:Chamarajanagar 7428: 7426: 7420: 7419: 7417: 7416: 7411: 7406: 7401: 7396: 7391: 7386: 7380: 7378: 7372: 7371: 7369: 7368: 7366:Uttara Kannada 7363: 7358: 7353: 7348: 7343: 7338: 7332: 7330: 7324: 7323: 7321: 7320: 7315: 7310: 7305: 7300: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7274: 7272: 7263: 7253: 7252: 7250: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7229: 7227:Vishnuvardhana 7224: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7184: 7179: 7174: 7169: 7164: 7159: 7157:Keladi Nayakas 7154: 7149: 7144: 7142:Hoysala Empire 7139: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7094: 7089: 7084: 7079: 7074: 7069: 7063: 7061: 7055: 7054: 7052: 7051: 7046: 7044:Transportation 7041: 7036: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7011: 7006: 7001: 6996: 6991: 6986: 6981: 6975: 6973: 6967: 6966: 6964: 6963: 6957: 6951: 6942: 6933: 6924: 6915: 6913:Asian elephant 6905: 6904: 6895: 6885: 6883: 6877: 6876: 6865: 6862: 6861: 6845: 6844: 6837: 6830: 6822: 6813: 6812: 6808: 6807: 6804: 6803: 6799: 6798: 6789: 6780: 6766: 6756: 6749: 6748: 6739: 6730: 6721: 6712: 6703: 6694: 6685: 6675: 6669: 6666: 6665: 6662: 6661: 6640: 6631: 6629: 6627: 6622: 6616: 6615: 6594: 6592: 6587: 6585: 6579: 6578: 6565: 6560: 6558: 6553: 6547: 6546: 6529: 6524: 6519: 6510: 6508: 6506:Indo-Sassanids 6503: 6497: 6496: 6478: 6470: 6469: 6455: 6450: 6448: 6443: 6441: 6432: 6426: 6425: 6415: 6410: 6405: 6399: 6398: 6381: 6379:Varman dynasty 6370: 6365: 6359: 6358: 6346: 6338: 6337: 6332: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6305: 6304: 6299: 6293: 6292: 6290: 6288: 6283: 6280:Indo-Parthians 6276:Indo-Scythians 6272: 6266: 6265: 6259: 6258: 6232: 6223: 6218: 6212: 6211: 6209: 6167: 6159: 6158: 6132: 6125: 6119: 6118: 6116: 6111: 6104: 6096: 6095: 6092:HISTORICAL AGE 6087: 6086: 6084: 6077: 6070: 6064: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6051: 6046: 6044: 6037: 6031: 6030: 6023: 5994: 5987: 5979: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5966: 5961: 5952: 5947: 5941: 5940: 5933: 5915: 5897: 5889: 5881: 5880: 5872: 5871: 5868: 5865: 5855: 5854: 5852:Southern India 5849: 5848:Central India 5846: 5841: 5828: 5816: 5813: 5812: 5805: 5804: 5797: 5790: 5782: 5774: 5773: 5766: 5765:External links 5763: 5761: 5760: 5740: 5720: 5694: 5687: 5686: 5680: 5664: 5647: 5641: 5628: 5622: 5609: 5603: 5590: 5584: 5571: 5565: 5552: 5546: 5533: 5513: 5500: 5494: 5481: 5475: 5459: 5453: 5438: 5432: 5419: 5410: 5404: 5391: 5374: 5349: 5340: 5334: 5321: 5315: 5302: 5296: 5283: 5274: 5268: 5255: 5234: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5221: 5212: 5203: 5194: 5185: 5176: 5167: 5158: 5149: 5140: 5112: 5103: 5094: 5083:on 18 May 2008 5063: 5035: 5007: 4998: 4970: 4942: 4933: 4918:Takeo Kamiya. 4910: 4895:Takeo Kamiya. 4887: 4880: 4862: 4853: 4844: 4828: 4816: 4807: 4798: 4786: 4777: 4760: 4747: 4730: 4714: 4700: 4691: 4682: 4670: 4661: 4652: 4643: 4634: 4625: 4616: 4607: 4598: 4589: 4580: 4571: 4562: 4553: 4544: 4535: 4526: 4517: 4508: 4499: 4490: 4481: 4472: 4463: 4454: 4444: 4442:Reu (1933, p34 4435: 4426: 4414: 4405: 4396: 4387: 4375: 4366: 4357: 4348: 4339: 4330: 4321: 4309: 4300: 4291: 4282: 4273: 4264: 4255: 4243: 4234: 4225: 4216: 4207: 4195: 4186: 4177: 4168: 4159: 4146: 4119: 4110: 4101: 4092: 4083: 4074: 4065: 4056: 4047: 4021: 4009: 3997: 3988: 3979: 3970: 3953: 3931: 3924: 3906: 3897: 3888: 3879: 3869: 3860: 3851: 3842: 3833: 3820: 3808: 3799: 3787: 3773: 3764: 3755: 3746: 3737: 3724: 3715: 3706: 3697: 3684: 3675: 3666: 3657: 3645: 3621: 3612: 3602: 3593: 3589:Bidar district 3576: 3567: 3560: 3540: 3525: 3516: 3504: 3495: 3486: 3477: 3461: 3452: 3443: 3434: 3417: 3408: 3401: 3381: 3372: 3363: 3354: 3345: 3333: 3324: 3310: 3301: 3292: 3280: 3268: 3256: 3244: 3232: 3223: 3214: 3205: 3196: 3177: 3168: 3159: 3146: 3135: 3114: 3105: 3096: 3094:Reu (1933), p1 3087: 3073: 3064: 3055: 3043: 3034: 3018: 3011: 2990: 2988: 2985: 2984: 2983: 2978: 2973: 2968: 2963: 2956: 2953: 2949: 2948: 2942: 2935: 2933: 2917:Kailasa temple 2915: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2896: 2894: 2877:Amoghavarsha I 2873:Madhya Pradesh 2853:(ritual), and 2841:(literature), 2819:Godavari River 2758: 2755: 2629:common to the 2565: 2562: 2534:Amoghavarsha I 2518:Madalasachampu 2491:Nitivakyamrita 2463:, a native of 2461:Mahaviracharya 2438:Gatapratyagata 2434:Jinaksharamale 2341:Amoghavarsha I 2339:(850) by King 2329:Mahaviracharya 2291: 2288: 2171: 2168: 2036:Lakshmi temple 1997:Mahaviracharya 1936: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1854:, Bijapur and 1756:Main article: 1753: 1750: 1700:Prabhu Gavunda 1664:Amoghavarsha I 1623:Amoghavarsha I 1584: 1583: 1581: 1580: 1573: 1566: 1558: 1555: 1554: 1550: 1549: 1544: 1538: 1537: 1532: 1526: 1525: 1522: 1521: 1518: 1517: 1514: 1513: 1508: 1506:Haleri Kingdom 1503: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1433: 1430: 1429: 1426: 1425: 1422: 1421: 1416: 1410: 1407: 1406: 1403: 1402: 1394: 1393: 1387: 1386: 1375: 1374:Administration 1372: 1368:Jaffna kingdom 1309:Godavari River 1267: 1264: 1234:region of the 1196:Amoghavarsha I 1171:Amoghavarsha I 1133:, humbled the 1083: 1082: 813: 812: 811: 809: 806: 743:Nandivarman II 715:Andhra Pradesh 598: 595: 561:Amoghavarsha I 468:Kirtivarman II 408: 407: 406: 405: 402: 397: 394: 389: 386: 381: 378: 373: 370: 365: 362: 357: 354: 349: 346: 341: 338: 333: 330: 325: 322: 317: 314: 309: 306: 301: 298: 293: 290: 282: 281: 271: 270: 265: 261: 260: 257: 256: 253: 252: 245: 236: 233: 232: 227: 215: 214: 209: 199: 198: 195: 194: 191: 188: 185: 184: 181: 178: 175: 174: 171: 168: 165: 164: 161: 160: 157: 153: 152: 149: 148: 143: 140: 137: 136: 131: 128: 125: 124: 121: 120: 117: 111: 110: 107: 103: 102: 88: 84: 83: 74: 70: 69: 64: 60: 59: 56: 52: 51: 44: 43: 35: 34: 30: 29: 26: 17: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9785: 9774: 9771: 9769: 9766: 9764: 9761: 9759: 9756: 9754: 9751: 9749: 9746: 9744: 9741: 9739: 9736: 9734: 9731: 9729: 9726: 9724: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9704: 9701: 9699: 9696: 9695: 9693: 9678: 9675: 9673: 9670: 9668: 9665: 9663: 9660: 9658: 9655: 9653: 9650: 9649: 9647: 9645:Related lists 9643: 9637: 9634: 9632: 9629: 9627: 9624: 9622: 9619: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9597: 9594: 9592: 9589: 9587: 9584: 9582: 9579: 9577: 9574: 9573: 9571: 9569: 9565: 9559: 9556: 9554: 9551: 9549: 9546: 9544: 9541: 9539: 9536: 9534: 9531: 9529: 9526: 9524: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9515: 9513: 9511: 9507: 9501: 9498: 9496: 9493: 9491: 9488: 9486: 9483: 9481: 9478: 9476: 9473: 9471: 9468: 9466: 9463: 9461: 9458: 9456: 9453: 9451: 9448: 9447: 9445: 9443: 9439: 9433: 9430: 9428: 9425: 9423: 9420: 9418: 9415: 9413: 9410: 9408: 9405: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9393: 9390: 9389: 9387: 9385: 9381: 9375: 9374:Y.Bhuvanagiri 9372: 9370: 9367: 9365: 9362: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9352: 9350: 9347: 9345: 9342: 9340: 9337: 9335: 9332: 9330: 9327: 9325: 9322: 9320: 9317: 9315: 9312: 9310: 9307: 9305: 9302: 9300: 9297: 9295: 9292: 9290: 9287: 9285: 9282: 9280: 9277: 9275: 9272: 9270: 9267: 9265: 9262: 9260: 9257: 9255: 9252: 9250: 9247: 9245: 9242: 9240: 9237: 9235: 9232: 9230: 9227: 9225: 9222: 9220: 9217: 9215: 9212: 9211: 9209: 9207: 9203: 9197: 9194: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9148: 9146: 9142: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9114: 9111: 9110: 9109: 9106: 9104: 9101: 9099: 9096: 9094: 9091: 9089: 9086: 9084: 9081: 9079: 9076: 9074: 9071: 9069: 9066: 9064: 9061: 9060: 9058: 9054: 9050: 9049: 9044: 9039: 9035: 9031: 9017: 9012: 9010: 9005: 9003: 8998: 8997: 8994: 8984: 8972: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8942: 8940: 8938:Related lists 8936: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8872: 8870: 8867: 8865: 8862: 8860: 8857: 8855: 8852: 8850: 8847: 8845: 8842: 8841: 8839: 8837: 8833: 8827: 8824: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8811:Hindu temples 8809: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8797: 8794: 8792: 8789: 8788: 8786: 8784: 8780: 8774: 8771: 8769: 8766: 8763: 8761: 8758: 8757: 8755: 8753: 8749: 8743: 8740: 8738: 8737:Visakhapatnam 8735: 8733: 8730: 8728: 8725: 8723: 8720: 8718: 8715: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8653: 8652:Machilipatnam 8650: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8633: 8630: 8628: 8625: 8623: 8620: 8618: 8615: 8613: 8610: 8608: 8605: 8603: 8600: 8598: 8595: 8593: 8590: 8588: 8585: 8583: 8580: 8578: 8575: 8574: 8572: 8570: 8566: 8560: 8559:Visakhapatnam 8557: 8555: 8552: 8551: 8549: 8547: 8543: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8531:West Godavari 8529: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8521:Visakhapatnam 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8499: 8497: 8494: 8492: 8489: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8479: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8446:East Godavari 8444: 8442: 8439: 8437: 8434: 8432: 8429: 8427: 8424: 8422: 8419: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8408: 8406: 8404: 8400: 8394: 8391: 8389: 8386: 8384: 8381: 8380: 8378: 8376: 8372: 8366: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8336: 8334: 8331: 8328: 8326: 8323: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8312: 8310: 8307: 8304: 8302: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8288: 8287: 8285: 8281: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8201: 8199: 8197: 8193: 8189: 8188: 8181: 8177: 8173: 8158: 8153: 8151: 8146: 8144: 8139: 8138: 8135: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8105: 8103: 8100: 8099: 8097: 8095: 8091: 8085: 8082: 8080: 8077: 8075: 8072: 8070: 8067: 8065: 8062: 8060: 8057: 8055: 8052: 8050: 8047: 8046: 8044: 8042: 8038: 8032: 8029: 8027: 8024: 8022: 8021:Hindu temples 8019: 8017: 8014: 8012: 8009: 8007: 8004: 8002: 7999: 7998: 7996: 7994: 7990: 7984: 7981: 7979: 7976: 7975: 7973: 7971: 7967: 7963: 7957: 7954: 7952: 7949: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7939: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7859: 7857: 7854: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7837: 7834: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7826:Allama Prabhu 7824: 7822: 7821:Akka Mahadevi 7819: 7817: 7814: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7802: 7799: 7797: 7796:Adikavi Pampa 7794: 7792: 7789: 7787: 7784: 7783: 7781: 7779: 7775: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7751: 7747: 7744: 7740: 7737: 7733: 7730: 7726: 7723: 7719: 7716: 7712: 7709: 7705: 7702: 7698: 7695: 7694:Western Ganga 7691: 7688: 7684: 7681: 7677: 7674: 7670: 7667: 7663: 7662: 7661: 7658: 7657: 7655: 7653: 7649: 7643: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7633: 7630: 7628: 7627:Udupi cuisine 7625: 7623: 7620: 7618: 7617:Mysore Dasara 7615: 7613: 7610: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7600: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7582:Gaarudi Gombe 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7568: 7565: 7563: 7560: 7558: 7557:Bharatanatyam 7555: 7554: 7552: 7550: 7546: 7540: 7539:Western Ghats 7537: 7535: 7532: 7530: 7527: 7525: 7522: 7520: 7519:Highest point 7517: 7515: 7512: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7500: 7497: 7495: 7492: 7490: 7487: 7486: 7484: 7482: 7478: 7468: 7465: 7463: 7460: 7458: 7455: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7433: 7430: 7429: 7427: 7425: 7421: 7415: 7412: 7410: 7407: 7405: 7402: 7400: 7397: 7395: 7392: 7390: 7387: 7385: 7382: 7381: 7379: 7377: 7373: 7367: 7364: 7362: 7359: 7357: 7354: 7352: 7349: 7347: 7344: 7342: 7339: 7337: 7334: 7333: 7331: 7329: 7325: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7309: 7306: 7304: 7301: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7275: 7273: 7271: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7258: 7254: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7202:Srirangapatna 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7187:Pulakeshin II 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7080: 7078: 7075: 7073: 7072:Alupa dynasty 7070: 7068: 7065: 7064: 7062: 7060: 7056: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6995: 6992: 6990: 6987: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6976: 6974: 6972: 6968: 6962: 6958: 6956: 6955:Carnatic carp 6952: 6950: 6946: 6943: 6941: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6922:Indian roller 6919: 6916: 6914: 6910: 6907: 6906: 6903: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6890: 6887: 6886: 6884: 6882: 6881:State symbols 6878: 6874: 6873: 6868: 6863: 6859: 6855: 6851: 6843: 6838: 6836: 6831: 6829: 6824: 6823: 6820: 6795: 6790: 6786: 6781: 6777: 6776: 6771: 6767: 6763: 6758: 6757: 6755: 6754: 6743: 6734: 6725: 6716: 6707: 6698: 6689: 6680: 6676: 6674: 6673: 6663: 6660: 6656: 6652: 6648: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6621: 6618: 6617: 6614: 6610: 6606: 6602: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6580: 6577: 6573: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6559: 6557: 6552: 6549: 6548: 6545: 6541: 6537: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6507: 6502: 6499: 6498: 6495: 6491: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6476: 6472: 6471: 6467: 6463: 6459: 6458:Vishnukundina 6456: 6454: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6440: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6427: 6423: 6419: 6418:Vishnukundina 6416: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6401: 6400: 6397: 6393: 6389: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6376: 6375: 6369: 6366: 6364: 6361: 6360: 6355: 6350: 6345: 6344: 6340: 6339: 6336: 6333: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6319:Kushan Empire 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6306: 6303: 6302:Kushan Empire 6298: 6295: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6282: 6281: 6277: 6271: 6268: 6267: 6264: 6261: 6260: 6256: 6252: 6248: 6242: 6241: 6240:Sangam period 6236: 6231: 6227: 6226:Shunga Empire 6222: 6217: 6214: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6204: 6200: 6199:Brahma Sutras 6196: 6195:Bhagavad Gita 6192: 6188: 6184: 6180: 6175: 6171: 6166: 6165: 6161: 6160: 6156: 6152: 6148: 6142: 6141: 6140:Sangam period 6136: 6133: 6131: 6130: 6129:Maurya Empire 6124: 6121: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6109: 6103: 6102: 6098: 6097: 6094: 6093: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6082: 6075: 6069: 6066: 6065: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6036: 6033: 6032: 6029: 6028: 6022: 6018: 6014: 6010: 6006: 6002: 6000: 5993: 5992: 5986: 5985: 5981: 5980: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5942: 5939: 5938: 5932: 5927: 5922: 5921: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5903: 5896: 5895: 5888: 5887: 5883: 5882: 5879: 5878: 5873: 5869: 5866: 5863: 5857: 5856: 5853: 5845: 5839: 5835: 5823: 5820: 5819: 5814: 5810: 5803: 5798: 5796: 5791: 5789: 5784: 5783: 5780: 5776: 5772: 5769: 5768: 5750: 5746: 5741: 5730: 5726: 5721: 5709: 5705: 5701: 5696: 5695: 5693: 5692: 5683: 5681:81-208-0450-3 5677: 5673: 5669: 5665: 5661: 5657: 5653: 5648: 5644: 5642:0-14-302989-4 5638: 5634: 5629: 5625: 5619: 5615: 5610: 5606: 5604:81-224-1198-3 5600: 5596: 5591: 5587: 5585:0-19-560686-8 5581: 5577: 5572: 5568: 5566:81-206-0977-8 5562: 5558: 5553: 5549: 5547:81-206-0063-0 5543: 5539: 5534: 5530: 5524: 5516: 5514:81-260-1194-7 5510: 5506: 5501: 5497: 5495:0-520-24500-8 5491: 5487: 5482: 5478: 5476:81-86782-12-5 5472: 5468: 5464: 5460: 5456: 5454:81-206-0303-6 5450: 5446: 5445: 5439: 5435: 5433:0-521-29944-6 5429: 5425: 5420: 5416: 5411: 5407: 5405:0-8021-3797-0 5401: 5397: 5392: 5388: 5384: 5380: 5375: 5371: 5367: 5363: 5359: 5355: 5350: 5346: 5341: 5337: 5335:90-04-10613-8 5331: 5327: 5322: 5318: 5316:81-7017-312-4 5312: 5308: 5303: 5299: 5297:0-231-11569-5 5293: 5289: 5284: 5280: 5275: 5271: 5269:81-219-0153-7 5265: 5261: 5256: 5252: 5248: 5244: 5240: 5236: 5235: 5233: 5232: 5216: 5207: 5198: 5189: 5180: 5171: 5162: 5153: 5144: 5128: 5124: 5116: 5107: 5098: 5082: 5078: 5077:Deccan Herald 5074: 5067: 5051: 5047: 5039: 5023: 5019: 5014:Arthikaje in 5011: 5002: 4986: 4982: 4974: 4958: 4954: 4946: 4937: 4921: 4914: 4898: 4891: 4883: 4881:81-7039-218-7 4877: 4873: 4866: 4857: 4848: 4842: 4841:81-7154-255-7 4838: 4832: 4823: 4821: 4811: 4802: 4793: 4791: 4781: 4774: 4770: 4769:Kavirajamarga 4764: 4757: 4756:Kavirajamarga 4751: 4744: 4740: 4734: 4728: 4724: 4718: 4709: 4707: 4705: 4695: 4686: 4677: 4675: 4665: 4656: 4647: 4638: 4629: 4620: 4611: 4602: 4593: 4584: 4575: 4566: 4557: 4548: 4539: 4530: 4521: 4512: 4503: 4494: 4485: 4476: 4467: 4458: 4448: 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2053: 2049: 2045: 2044:Hiranyagarbha 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2009: 2004: 2002: 1999:wrote in his 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1956:and a few in 1955: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1917: 1911: 1908: 1903: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1871: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1840: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1749: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1710: 1708: 1703: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1656: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1630: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1579: 1574: 1572: 1567: 1565: 1560: 1559: 1557: 1556: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1539: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1527: 1520: 1519: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 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685: 684:Punjab region 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 656: 655:Chandra Vamsa 651: 650: 645: 641: 637: 632: 630: 626: 622: 618: 612: 608: 604: 594: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 567: 566:Kavirajamarga 562: 558: 554: 550: 545: 543: 539: 535: 531: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 507: 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 481: 477: 473: 469: 465: 461: 457: 452: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 424: 418: 414: 401: 398: 393: 390: 385: 382: 377: 374: 369: 366: 361: 358: 353: 350: 345: 342: 337: 334: 329: 326: 321: 318: 313: 310: 305: 302: 297: 294: 289: 286: 285: 284: 283: 280: 277: 276: 269: 266: 264:Today part of 262: 246: 244: 241: 240: 237: 231: 228: 221: 220: 217: 216: 213: 210: 208: 205: 204: 200: 196: 192: 186: 182: 176: 172: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 147: 144: 138: 135: 132: 126: 122: 118: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 92: 89: 85: 82: 78: 75: 71: 68: 65: 61: 57: 53: 41: 36: 33:753 CE–982 CE 31: 24: 21: 16: 9677:India Portal 9616:Jawaharnagar 9611:Peerzadiguda 9495:Secunderabad 9442:Major cities 9304:Nagarkurnool 9279:Mahabubnagar 9113:Language day 9078:Demographics 9063:Architecture 9046: 8742:Vizianagaram 8667:Narasaraopet 8526:Vizianagaram 8383:North Andhra 8229:Demographics 8185: 8026:Jain temples 7921:D. R. Bendre 7856:Kumara Vyasa 7715:Vijayanagara 7524:Bayalu Seeme 7409:Vijayanagara 7222:Vijayanagara 7177:Mayurasharma 7112:Deva Raya II 7077:Amoghavarsha 6979:Architecture 6870: 6793: 6784: 6774: 6761: 6752: 6751: 6742: 6733: 6724: 6715: 6706: 6697: 6688: 6679: 6671: 6670: 6634:Pala dynasty 6620:10th century 6619: 6582: 6550: 6500: 6480: 6474: 6473: 6429: 6402: 6374:Gupta Empire 6372: 6362: 6348: 6342: 6341: 6308: 6296: 6274: 6269: 6262: 6247:Early Cholas 6238: 6215: 6173: 6169: 6163: 6162: 6147:Early Cholas 6138: 6127: 6122: 6113: 6106: 6100: 6099: 6090: 6081:Nanda empire 6079: 6067: 6034: 6025: 5996: 5989: 5983: 5982: 5944: 5935: 5920:Vedic Period 5917: 5902:Vedic Period 5899: 5894:Vedic Period 5891: 5885: 5884: 5875: 5838:Sapta Sindhu 5825:Timeline and 5775: 5752:. Retrieved 5749:Rashtrakutas 5748: 5732:. Retrieved 5728: 5712:. 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EJ Brill. 5133:20 December 5087:27 February 5056:20 December 5028:20 December 4991:20 December 4963:20 December 4926:10 November 4754:It is said 3966:Krishna III 3638:20 December 3585:Mayurkhandi 3426:Karnatabala 3240:J. F. Fleet 2927:located in 2865:Krishna III 2833:(grammar), 2775:, Karnataka 2768:Old Kannada 2585:Maharashtra 2542:Jayadhavala 2477:Krishna III 2395:Mahabharata 2382:tirthankara 2349:Kavishiksha 2321:tirthankars 2072:. An early 1958:Apabhramsha 1770:, Karnataka 1611:Purnamathya 1599:Dandanayaka 1328:Rajadhiraja 1252:Krishna III 1180:feudatories 1123:Mahabharata 1095:Govinda III 711:Maharashtra 664:Rashtrakuta 649:Surya Vamsa 583:Maharashtra 534:Kanyakumari 484:South India 437:inscription 413:Rashtrakuta 376:Krishna III 320:Govinda III 207:Preceded by 9692:Categories 9596:Ramagundam 9581:Karimnagar 9558:Waterfalls 9475:Ramagundam 9470:Karimnagar 9422:Ramagundam 9407:Karimnagar 9364:Wanaparthy 9344:Sangareddy 9329:Peddapalli 9284:Mancherial 9264:Karimnagar 9229:Hanamkonda 9191:Qutb Shahi 9098:Government 8826:Waterfalls 8732:Vijayawada 8702:Srikakulam 8587:Bhimavaram 8554:Vijayawada 8546:Metropolis 8506:Srikakulam 8416:Anakapalli 8214:Government 8117:Television 8107:Newspapers 8031:Waterfalls 7841:Raghavanka 7831:Siddharama 7666:Milestones 7652:Literature 7637:Yakshagana 7587:Ilkal sari 7394:Kalaburagi 7293:Davanagere 7182:Pattadakal 6999:Demography 6940:Sandalwood 6672:References 6625:Ghaznavids 6435:Nezak Huns 5754:3 February 5734:3 February 5226:References 3561:0226742210 3428:(power of 3012:0802137970 2976:Pattadakal 2881:Nalachampu 2871:in modern 2729:temple at 2723:, and the 2693:Pattadakal 2635:Pattadakal 2554:Harivamsha 2550:Adipurana, 2510:Nalachampu 2481:Vemulavada 2411:Vemulawada 2306:Pattadakal 2294:See also: 2290:Literature 2280:hero stone 2190:Indologist 2174:See also: 2070:Agnishtoma 2052:Govinda IV 1916:crown land 1876:betel nuts 1852:Ahmadnagar 1813:Byzantines 1768:Pattadakal 1716:) such as 1696:Gramapathi 1648:. Under a 1523:Categories 1320:Manyakheta 1293:Sallekhana 1285:Tailapa II 1248:Govinda IV 1216:Krishna II 1175:Manyakheta 1103:Dharmapala 1022:Aboriginal 981:PRATIHARAS 823:South Asia 786:Pratiharas 719:Dantidurga 700:Kannadigas 625:Manyakheta 587:Pattadakal 581:in modern 519:Manyakheta 500:Gurjaratra 480:Manyakheta 464:Dantidurga 423:rāṣṭrakūṭa 360:Govinda IV 336:Krishna II 304:Govinda II 288:Dantidurga 134:Dantidurga 106:Government 67:Manyakheta 9626:Badangpet 9591:Nizamabad 9576:Hyderabad 9460:Nizamabad 9450:Hyderabad 9417:Nizamabad 9359:Vikarabad 9324:Nizamabad 9259:Kamareddy 9234:Hyderabad 9206:Districts 9176:Kakatiyas 9161:Chalukyas 9144:Dynasties 9093:Geography 9088:Education 9048:Hyderabad 9034:Telangana 8752:Transport 8712:Tadipatri 8692:Proddatur 8687:Palakollu 8582:Anantapur 8426:Annamayya 8421:Anantapur 8403:Districts 8325:Blackbuck 8309:Kuchipudi 8274:Transport 8249:Education 8209:Geography 8187:Amaravati 8184:Capital: 8112:Magazines 7901:Lakshmisa 7861:Chamarasa 7801:Sri Ponna 7768:Karnataka 7632:Veeragase 7567:Bidriware 7562:Buta Kola 7494:Districts 7481:Geography 7261:divisions 7257:Districts 7117:Durvinita 7092:Balligavi 7019:Geography 7014:Folk arts 7009:Education 6971:Overviews 6872:Bengaluru 6858:Karnataka 6576:Kalachuri 6368:Kidarites 5670:(1988) . 5523:cite book 5328:. Brill. 4141:250247191 3535:digvijaya 2831:Vyakarana 2786:Tamilakam 2685:Karnataka 2670:Sadashiva 2662:Kalachuri 2658:Elephanta 2651:Karnataka 2627:Shikharas 2522:Saraswati 2418:Sri Ponna 2373:Adipurana 2353:Durvinita 2310:Karnataka 2272:Devadasis 2198:Kshatriya 2186:Al-Biruni 2121:Balligavi 2016:Vaishnava 1907:Saundatti 1896:Gadyanaka 1805:Burhanpur 1734:Gadyanaka 1714:Akkashale 1688:Nadugowda 1607:Mahamatya 1547:Societies 1542:Economies 1344:Rajasthan 1340:Saundatti 1324:Al-Masudi 1224:Indra III 1158:and from 1131:Gangavadi 1036:CALIPHATE 950:SAINDAVAS 887:CHALUKYAS 808:Expansion 766:Krishna I 759:Srisailam 707:Karnataka 672:Kannadiga 571:Dravidian 476:Karnataka 456:feudatory 445:Achalapur 344:Indra III 296:Krishna I 87:Religion 9621:Nizampet 9606:Boduppal 9601:Warangal 9518:Churches 9500:Suryapet 9490:Adilabad 9485:Nalgonda 9455:Warangal 9432:Warangal 9427:Siddipet 9369:Warangal 9354:Suryapet 9349:Siddipet 9309:Nalgonda 9214:Adilabad 9186:Bahmanis 9120:Politics 8919:Bahmanis 8816:Churches 8773:Seaports 8768:Roadways 8764:Railways 8760:Airports 8722:Tirupati 8642:Kakinada 8632:Hindupur 8622:Guntakal 8617:Gudivada 8597:Chittoor 8516:Tirupati 8496:Prakasam 8461:Kakinada 8436:Chittoor 8297:Language 8244:Politics 8219:Language 7906:Sarvajna 7836:Harihara 7729:Haridasa 7680:Medieval 7529:Malenadu 7514:Villages 7341:Belagavi 7336:Bagalkot 7308:Tumakuru 7197:Sringeri 7122:Halebidu 7087:Banavasi 7049:Wildlife 6959:Insect: 6772:(2002), 6446:Maitraka 6331:kingdom 6329:Kamarupa 6187:Ramayana 6013:Buddhism 5959:Panchala 5950:Gandhara 5910:culture) 5877:IRON AGE 5362:80905179 4903:18 April 4743:Chattana 4155:Shasanas 4031:(2007), 3946:25 April 3142:peoples. 3030:Buddhism 2955:See also 2944:Shikhara 2923:ancient 2921:rock-cut 2869:Jabalpur 2835:Jyotisha 2817:and the 2803:ghatikas 2757:Language 2747:Halebidu 2739:Hoysalas 2721:Gulbarga 2666:Nataraja 2616:Parvathi 2546:Virasena 2526:Jinasena 2465:Gulbarga 2457:Sanskrit 2407:Chalukya 2251:immolate 2219:Antyajas 2194:Brahmins 2156:Mappilas 2113:Buddhism 2066:Vajapeya 2061:Rajasuya 2056:Brahmins 2054:mention 2040:Kolhapur 2008:Hinduism 1993:Mahavira 1985:Jinasena 1950:Sanskrit 1935:Religion 1892:antimony 1864:Golconda 1844:Cudappah 1817:Khazaria 1799:. White 1793:Warangal 1777:Khandesh 1682:was the 1676:Rashtras 1672:Banavasi 1668:Rashtras 1646:Rashtras 1638:Rashtras 1619:Rajneeti 1437:Kadambas 1431:Polities 1383:a series 1381:Part of 1360:Rathores 1352:Rathores 1348:Jabalpur 1307: – 1135:Pallavas 1101:Emperor 1074:CALIPHAL 1010:RASHTRA- 923:KAMARUPA 876:PALLAVAS 845:KALINGAS 788:and the 727:Elichpur 725:(modern 557:Sanskrit 538:Hinduism 494:and the 472:Gulbarga 400:Indra IV 392:Karka II 384:Khottiga 146:Indra IV 115:Maharaja 109:Monarchy 99:Buddhism 91:Hinduism 81:Sanskrit 9586:Khammam 9538:Mosques 9533:Temples 9510:Tourism 9465:Khammam 9412:Khammam 9269:Khammam 9244:Jangaon 9239:Jagtial 9135:Tourism 9103:History 9083:Economy 9073:Culture 9068:Cuisine 9043:Capital 8836:History 8783:Tourism 8672:Nellore 8662:Nandyal 8647:Kurnool 8486:Palnadu 8476:Nandyal 8471:Kurnool 8466:Krishna 8431:Bapatla 8375:Regions 8349:Jasmine 8317:Kabaddi 8283:Symbols 8264:Tourism 8254:Cuisine 8239:Economy 8234:Culture 8204:History 8001:Beaches 7993:Tourism 7970:society 7946:Kuvempu 7722:Vachana 7708:Hoysala 7660:Kannada 7597:Kannada 7592:Kamsale 7549:Culture 7404:Raichur 7384:Ballari 7351:Dharwad 7346:Bijapur 7303:Shimoga 7132:Halmidi 7059:History 7024:History 7004:Economy 6994:Cuisine 6989:Climate 6867:Capital 6753:Sources 6544:Pallava 6475:Culture 6354:Puranas 6343:Culture 6183:Puranas 6164:Culture 6101:Culture 6017:Ājīvika 6009:Jainism 5984:Culture 5964:Magadha 5886:Culture 5660:6814734 5387:8221605 5370:7796041 5251:3793499 5239:Altekar 4773:Kannada 4739:Bedande 3430:Karnata 2851:Puranas 2849:(law), 2843:Mimansa 2839:Sahitya 2823:Kannada 2589:Pandyan 2538:Dhavala 2397:, with 2368:Kannada 2316:Kannada 2268:turbans 2202:Vaishya 2170:Society 2160:Moplahs 2144:Masjids 2139:lands. 2133:Islamic 2129:Advaita 2109:Jainism 2026:or god 1982:acharya 1962:Prakrit 1954:Kannada 1946:Jainism 1930:Culture 1900:Ctharna 1880:Italian 1860:Kurnool 1856:Dharwar 1848:Bellary 1801:calicos 1797:Bharoch 1785:Paithan 1752:Economy 1742:Manjati 1730:Kalanju 1722:Drammas 1718:Suvarna 1680:Vishaya 1660:Rashtra 1655:Vishaya 1650:Rashtra 1642:Rashtra 1634:Mandala 1627:Vishaya 1358:), the 1356:Jodhpur 1332:Gujarat 1266:Decline 1164:Bharuch 1160:Banaras 1156:Kannauj 1147:Pandyas 1127:Kaushal 1109:of the 1056:ZUNBILS 1034:ABBASID 990:KANNAUJ 979:GURJARA 941:CHAVDAS 932:KASHMIR 896:PANDYAS 885:EASTERN 865:BHAUMA- 834:TIBETAN 802:Talakad 751:Kalinga 745:regain 739:Pallava 680:Maratha 644:Kannada 597:History 553:Kannada 542:Jainism 458:of the 449:Kannauj 429:dynasty 403:973–982 395:972–973 387:967–972 379:939–967 371:936–939 363:930–936 355:929–930 347:914–929 339:878–914 331:814–878 323:793–814 315:780–793 307:774–780 299:756–774 291:735–756 156:History 95:Jainism 77:Kannada 63:Capital 9319:Nirmal 9299:Mulugu 9125:People 9056:Topics 8717:Tenali 8682:Ongole 8677:Nuzvid 8637:Kadapa 8627:Guntur 8607:Kadiri 8569:Cities 8456:Guntur 8345:Flower 8321:Animal 8301:Telugu 8269:Sports 8259:Cinema 8224:People 8196:Topics 8170: 8102:Cinema 8041:Awards 7966:People 7816:Basava 7750:Modern 7736:Mysore 7612:Khedda 7607:Kasuti 7534:Kanara 7509:Taluks 7499:Rivers 7462:Mysore 7457:Mandya 7452:Kodagu 7447:Hassan 7414:Yadgir 7399:Koppal 7356:Haveri 7082:Badami 7067:Aihole 7039:Sports 7034:People 6984:Cinema 6953:Fish: 6927:Flower 6909:Animal 6889:Emblem 6692:Samuel 6683:Samuel 6490:Tantra 6255:Cheras 6155:Cheras 6061:Assaka 5976:Assaka 5908:Srauta 5834:Punjab 5678: 5658: 5639: 5620: 5601: 5582: 5563: 5544: 5511: 5492: 5473: 5451: 5430: 5402: 5385: 5368: 5360: 5332: 5313: 5294: 5266: 5249: 4878: 4839: 4725: 4139: 4041: 3922: 3558: 3399: 3133: 3009: 2971:Kuknur 2929:Ellora 2885:champu 2773:Kuknur 2717:Kuknur 2701:Aihole 2697:UNESCO 2647:Kuknur 2631:Nagara 2608:Ravana 2600:Ellora 2596:Ellora 2495:champu 2399:Arjuna 2378:champu 2284:virgal 2238:Shudra 2210:Zakaya 2208:. The 2206:Sudras 2182:castes 2152:Nagore 2117:Dambal 2095:Manasa 2087:Latana 2048:Cambay 2032:Sanjan 2030:. The 2024:Vishnu 2020:Shakta 2012:Shaiva 1888:storax 1868:Mysore 1833:Gangas 1821:Arabia 1809:Persia 1789:Muslin 1781:Ujjain 1726:grains 1652:was a 1441:Gangas 1408:Topics 1385:on the 1336:Rattas 1280:Siyaka 1274:, the 1240:Jamuna 1236:Ganges 1220:Deccan 1209:Ashoka 1143:Ceylon 1119:Arjuna 1111:Ganges 1024:tribes 1001:EMPIRE 970:ALUPAS 959:SHILA- 914:CHERAS 905:CHOLAS 856:CHURIS 836:EMPIRE 825:800 CE 798:Gangas 770:Konkan 755:Kosala 747:Kanchi 735:Badami 678:, the 617:Ashoka 609:, and 579:Ellora 492:Bengal 183:753 CE 173:753 CE 159: 119: 58:Empire 55:Status 46: 9543:Lakes 9528:Forts 9289:Medak 9030:State 8801:Lakes 8796:Forts 8612:Eluru 8577:Adoni 8451:Eluru 8353:Fruit 8313:Sport 8305:Dance 8172:State 8122:Radio 8094:Media 8011:Forts 7851:Janna 7806:Ranna 7786:Asaga 7673:Epics 7467:Udupi 7389:Bidar 7361:Gadag 7298:Kolar 7137:Hampi 7097:Belur 7029:Media 6949:Mango 6945:Fruit 6931:Lotus 6854:State 6179:Epics 5918:Late 5900:Late 5892:Late 5231:Books 3733:Indra 3155:Berar 2987:Notes 2961:Gadag 2860:Kavya 2855:Nyaya 2799:marga 2743:Belur 2731:Gadag 2709:Sogal 2705:Hooli 2612:Shiva 2325:Asaga 2263:dhoti 2234:Vedic 2214:Lahud 2141:Jumma 2102:Surya 2028:Shiva 1884:topaz 1837:Thana 1829:betel 1825:Egypt 1746:Akkam 1692:Grama 1535:Forts 1313:Vengi 1278:King 1276:Malwa 1244:Vengi 1173:made 1139:Vengi 1047:SHAHI 1045:KABUL 1012:KUTAS 961:HARAS 867:KARAS 790:Palas 741:King 723:Berar 676:Reddi 660:Ratta 268:India 9523:Dams 9130:List 8791:Dams 8727:Tuni 8365:Neem 8361:Tree 8337:Fish 8329:Bird 8289:Song 8006:Dams 7968:and 7743:Play 7259:and 6936:Tree 6918:Bird 6898:Song 6021:Yoga 5955:Kuru 5756:2007 5736:2007 5716:2006 5676:ISBN 5656:OCLC 5637:ISBN 5618:ISBN 5599:ISBN 5580:ISBN 5561:ISBN 5542:ISBN 5529:link 5509:ISBN 5490:ISBN 5471:ISBN 5449:ISBN 5428:ISBN 5400:ISBN 5383:OCLC 5366:OCLC 5358:LCCN 5330:ISBN 5311:ISBN 5292:ISBN 5264:ISBN 5247:OCLC 5135:2006 5089:2007 5058:2006 5030:2006 4993:2006 4965:2006 4928:2006 4905:2007 4876:ISBN 4837:ISBN 4741:and 4737:The 4723:ISBN 4452:397) 4137:OCLC 4039:ISBN 3962:fief 3948:2007 3920:ISBN 3877:p83) 3640:2006 3556:ISBN 3397:ISBN 3131:ISBN 3007:ISBN 2827:Veda 2821:as " 2813:the 2795:desi 2745:and 2695:, a 2676:and 2668:and 2614:and 2556:and 2540:and 2530:guru 2436:and 2255:pyre 2247:Sati 2204:and 2150:and 2137:Arab 2119:and 2068:and 2018:and 1976:and 1960:and 1862:and 1823:and 1738:Kasu 1684:Nadu 1439:and 1238:and 1232:doab 1117:and 1099:Pala 1076:SIND 999:PALA 854:KALA 796:and 780:and 757:and 640:Pali 555:and 549:Jain 530:doab 525:and 417:IAST 9032:of 8536:YSR 8481:NTR 8174:of 6856:of 5691:Web 5463:Reu 3587:in 3051:Reu 2741:at 2715:at 2683:In 2532:of 2479:in 2212:or 2127:'s 2038:at 1698:or 1636:or 1609:or 1350:), 1338:of 1258:to 1162:to 1154:to 1129:), 1121:of 800:of 621:BCE 577:at 498:of 490:of 9694:: 9045:: 6947:: 6938:: 6929:: 6920:: 6911:: 6900:: 6891:: 6869:: 6488:- 6201:- 6197:- 6193:- 6189:- 6185:- 6181:- 6172:- 6076:) 6043:) 6019:- 6015:- 6011:- 5864:) 5840:) 5747:. 5727:. 5702:. 5525:}} 5521:{{ 5364:. 5075:. 4819:^ 4789:^ 4703:^ 4673:^ 4417:^ 4378:^ 4312:^ 4246:^ 4198:^ 4135:. 4131:. 4012:^ 4000:^ 3811:^ 3790:^ 3776:^ 3648:^ 3507:^ 3464:^ 3336:^ 3313:^ 3283:^ 3271:^ 3259:^ 3247:^ 3180:^ 3139:. 3117:^ 3076:^ 3021:^ 2829:, 2649:, 2610:, 2560:. 2516:, 2489:, 2432:, 2359:. 2308:, 2282:, 2200:, 2196:, 2093:, 2064:, 2014:, 1952:, 1886:, 1846:, 1819:, 1815:, 1811:, 1783:, 1728:, 1720:, 1702:. 1629:. 1166:. 761:. 753:, 709:, 674:, 666:, 662:, 605:, 593:. 559:. 544:. 419:: 9015:e 9008:t 9001:v 8156:e 8149:t 8142:v 6841:e 6834:t 6827:v 6072:( 6039:( 6001:" 5997:" 5957:- 5928:) 5924:( 5906:( 5860:( 5836:- 5832:( 5801:e 5794:t 5787:v 5758:. 5738:. 5718:. 5684:. 5662:. 5645:. 5626:. 5607:. 5588:. 5569:. 5550:. 5531:) 5517:. 5498:. 5479:. 5457:. 5436:. 5408:. 5389:. 5372:. 5338:. 5319:. 5300:. 5272:. 5253:. 5137:. 5091:. 5060:. 5032:. 4995:. 4967:. 4930:. 4907:. 4884:. 4143:. 3950:. 3928:. 3642:. 3564:. 3405:. 3015:. 2931:. 2278:( 2158:( 1577:e 1570:t 1563:v 415:(

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