506:. Scott, who was also a savvy sound engineer, recorded the band's rehearsals on discs and used the recordings as references to develop his compositions. He reworked, re-sequenced, and deleted passages, and added themes from other discs to construct finished works. During the developmental process, he let his players improvise, but once complete, he regarded a piece as relatively fixed and permitted little further improvisation. Scott controlled the band's repertoire and style, but he rarely took piano solos, preferring to direct the band from the keyboard and leave solos and leads to his sidemen. He also had a penchant for adapting classical motifs in his compositions.
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808:, rhythm machines, sequencers, and instruments such as the Clavivox, a kind of keyboard theremin. But these rarely sold. It's possible that didn't bother Scott too much, as through the '50s he was still earning well from the first phase of his career and had a new income stream composing electronic jingles—for
740:, wave, tone, and envelope shapers, modulators, and filters. Of interest were the "keyboard theremin", "chromatic electronic drum generators", and "circle generators". Scott described Manhattan Research as "More than a think factory—a dream center where the excitement of tomorrow is made available today."
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In late 1936, Scott assembled a band from among his CBS colleagues, calling it the
Raymond Scott Quintette. It was a six-piece group, but he thought "Quintette" (his spelling) sounded "crisper"; he also told a reporter that he feared "calling it a 'sextet' might get your mind off music." His sidemen
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He started originally working out of Berry's house. They set up a room over the garages, and he worked there putting stuff together so Berry could get involved and see the progress. At one point Scott worked out of a studio. The unit never really got finalized—Ray had a real problem letting go. It
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Scott and
Dorothy Collins divorced in 1964, and in 1967 he married Mitzi Curtis (1918–2012). During the second half of the 1960s, he became isolated and secretive about his inventions; he gave few interviews, made no public presentations, and released no records. In 1966–67, Scott (under the screen
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pioneer and adventurous sound engineer. During the 1930s and 1940s, many of his band's recording sessions found the bandleader in the control room, monitoring and adjusting the acoustics, often by revolutionary means. As Gert-Jan Blom and Jeff Winner wrote, "Scott sought to master all aspects of
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devices, some with motors moving photocells past lights, bore little resemblance to the all-electronic sequencers of the late
Sixties. He began working on a machine he said could compose by artificial intelligence. The Electronium, as Scott called it, with its array of knobs, buttons, and patch
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in action. Impressed by the possibilities, Gordy hired Scott in 1971 as director of Motown's electronic music and research department in Los
Angeles, a position Scott held until 1977. No Motown recordings using Scott's electronic inventions have yet been publicly identified. Guy Costa, Head of
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was always being developed. That was a problem for Berry. He wanted instant gratification. Eventually his interest started to wane after a period of probably two or three years. Finally Ray took the thing down to his house and kept working on it. Berry kind of lost interest. He was off doing
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Scott believed in composing and playing by ear. He composed not on paper but "on his band"—by humming phrases to his sidemen or by demonstrating riffs and rhythms on the keyboard and instructing players to interpret his cues. It was all done by ear with no written scores, a process known as
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with accompanying electronic music scores, an electronic musical baby rattle, and an adult toy that produced varying sounds depending on how two people touched each another. He believed these devices would "electronically update the many sounds around us – the functional sounds."
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Largely forgotten by the public by the 1980s, he suffered a stroke in 1987 that left him unable to work or engage in conversation. His recordings were largely out of print, his electronic instruments were cobweb-collecting relics, and his royalty stream had slowed to a trickle.
2018:, at StageandCinema.com. ("Goodwin ... introduces an entirely brand new composition, 'Cutey and the Dragon,' which was crafted from an unfinished sketch Scott made in 1982 with Goodwin completing the composition in a manner that honors the great composer’s style and verve."
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house band. His brother, Mark, older by eight years, conducted the orchestra. He adopted the pseudonym "Raymond Scott" to spare his brother charges of nepotism when the orchestra began performing the pianist's idiosyncratic compositions. In 1935, he married Pearl Zimney.
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in 1993), and "Bumpy
Weather Over Newark". Although his songs were popular with the public, jazz critics disdained them as novelty music. Besides being a prominent figure in recording studios and on radio and concert stages, Scott wrote and was interviewed in
650:. The group made studio recordings, some of which were released on Scott's short-lived Master Records label. This was not the Irving Mills-owned label of the same name; Scott allegedly named his label in tribute to the defunct Mills enterprise.
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Scott later said he "spent 11 years and close to a million dollars developing the
Electronium." After leaving Motown he was mostly unemployed, though hardly inactive. He continued to modify his inventions, adapting computers and primitive
1103:, featuring 61 unreleased electronic recordings made by Scott between 1961 and 1971 (Basta, 2017, produced by Gert-Jan Blom, Irwin Chusid, and Jeff Winner). AllMusic named the set one of the "Best Compilations of 2017".
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In 1946, he established
Manhattan Research Incorporated. As well as designing electronic audio devices for personal use, over the years Scott sold and supported a number of related projects, including components such as
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sound capture and manipulation. His special interest in the technical aspects of recording, combined with the state-of-the-art facilities at his disposal, provided him with enormous hands-on experience as an engineer."
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During his big band period, Scott endured tense relationships with musicians he employed. But when his career became immersed in electronic gadgetry, he preferred the company of technicians, such as Bob Moog,
513:", and "The Penguin". One of Scott's popular compositions is "The Toy Trumpet", a cheerful pop confection that is instantly recognizable to many people who cannot name the title or composer. In the 1938 film
759:, Scott recorded futuristic electronic compositions for use in television and radio commercials and records of electronic music. A series of three albums designed to lull infants to sleep, his work
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In 1941, he led a 13-piece orchestra to produce what he termed "silent music" in New York, making a great show of performing with very little sound. This was one of the earliest performances of the
1099:(Basta) chronicles a second (1948–49) incarnation of the six-man "quintet" format, with Scott's wife Dorothy Collins singing on several tracks. In June 2017, Basta issued a 3-LP/2-CD set entitled
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The
Quintette existed from 1937 to 1939 and recorded bestselling discs such as "Twilight in Turkey", "Minuet in Jazz", "War Dance for Wooden Indians", "Reckless Night on Board an Ocean Liner", "
1091:(Basta, 2000, co-produced by Gert-Jan Blom and Jeff Winner) showcases Scott's pioneering electronic works from the 1950s and 1960s on two CDs (the package includes a 144-page hardcover book).
1383:, is an impressionistic play based on Scott's life and work, choreographed with his music and recordings. It returned to the stage in 2014 for a three-week run at New York's New Ohio Theater.
1078:(both released by Basta Audio-Visuals). Members of The Beau Hunks (reconfigured as a "Saxtet", then a "Soctette") performed and recorded Scott works, sometimes in collaboration with the
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Some of
Raymond Scott's projects were less complex but still ambitious. During the 1950s and 1960s, he developed and patented electronic telephone ringers, alarms, chimes, and sirens,
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475:. He called this style "descriptive jazz" and gave his works unusual titles like "New Year's Eve in a Haunted House", "Dinner Music for a Pack of Hungry Cannibals" (recorded by the
582:. In 1942, Scott relinquished his keyboard duties so he could concentrate on hiring, composing, arranging, and conducting. He returned to the keyboard with some of his bands.
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Scott developed some of the first devices capable of producing a series of electronic tones automatically in sequence. He credited himself as the inventor of the polyphonic
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met
Raymond and his wife Mitzi at their home in California and discovered a collection of unreleased recordings of rehearsals and studio sessions. In 1992, the release of
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In addition to Warner Brothers cartoons (which were intended for theatrical screening), the following films include recordings or works composed or co-composed by Scott:
661:. The high-profile position paid well, but Scott considered it strictly a "rent gig" and used his salary to finance his electronic music research out of the limelight.
558:. When he was named music director by CBS radio three years later, he organized the first racially integrated radio band. Over the next two years, he hired saxophonist
1978:
2000:
Best Instrumental Composition, "Cutey And The Dragon," Gordon Goodwin & Raymond Scott, composers; Quartet San Francisco Featuring Gordon Goodwin's Big Phat Band
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sampled "Lightworks" and "Bendix 1: The Tomorrow People" for the track "Lightworks" and "Sprite: Melonball Bounce" for the track "Workinonit" on his final album
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nomination in the Best Instrumental Composition category for "Cutey and the Dragon." The work was begun on paper by Scott in 1982 and completed in 2022 by
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313:; September 10, 1908 – February 8, 1994) was an American composer, band leader, pianist, record producer, and inventor of electronic instruments.
657:. During the following year, the show moved to NBC Television, and Scott continued to lead the orchestra until 1957. Collins was a featured singer on
1095:(Basta, 2002, produced by Irwin Chusid with Blom and Winner as project advisors), explores the original Scott Quintette's work. The 2008 CD release
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Hindsight reveals Scott as more ideas-man than business-man. Glossy brochures advertised a dizzying array of his inventions: electronic doorbells,
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2444:. "The story of the composer Raymond Scott’s lifelong quest to build an automatic songwriting machine, and what it means for our own AI-addled,
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1379:(2009) – produced by Sinking Ship Productions, written by Josh Luxenberg and directed by Jonathan Levin and first staged during the
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2312:, a 349-page e-publication of selected Scott electronic music ephemera from the archives of the University of Missouri, Kansas City
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640:. A number of these were commercially released, but the technique failed to earn him the chart success of Les Paul and Mary Ford.
435:, where he studied piano, theory and composition, Scott, under his birth name, began his professional career as a pianist for the
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While these devices foreshadowed the future of electronic music, they were not commercially successful. As Mark Brend wrote at
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406:. The only time he composed to accompany animation was three 20-second commercial jingles for County Fair Bread in 1962.
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as executive producer, was the first major-label compilation by his 1937–39 six-man quintet. A year earlier, Chusid and
769:. The public showed little interest in it. But Manhattan Research provided ear-catching sonic textures for commercials.
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performed a version. "In an Eighteenth-Century Drawing Room" is a pop adaptation of the opening theme from Mozart's
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1999:
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In 1948, Scott formed a six-man "quintet" which served for several months as house band for the CBS radio program
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1358:(1946) – musical – composer and orchestrator; the production included "Mountain High, Valley Low" with lyrics by
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When his brother Mark Warnow died in 1949, Scott succeeded him as orchestra leader on the CBS Radio show
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452:(drums). They made their first recordings in New York on February 20, 1937, for Master Records, owned by
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devices to his systems. He suffered a series of heart attacks, ran low on cash, and became a subject on
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credit "Ramond Scott") composed and recorded electronic music soundtracks for experimental films by
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1117:, purchased Scott's only (non-functioning) Electronium in 1996 with the intention of restoring it.
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Brend, Mark, "Is This Old Synth Workstation the World's First DAW?," Reverb.com, November 15, 2022
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In 1959, Scott organized a band of top-tier jazz session musicians and recorded an album entitled
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448:(trumpet, replaced by Dave Wade); Louis Shoobe (double bass); Dave Harris (tenor saxophone); and
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in August 2013, is a dance work set to Raymond Scott's music, choreographed by John Heginbotham.
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1140:(who also received a nomination as co-composer). Its debut recording appears on the 2023 album
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1979:"Raymond Scott's Electronium, 50s-vintage Automatic Composing-Performing Machine, Sits Silent"
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2476:. Chapter 18: "The World of Sound: A Division of Raymond Scott Enterprises," by Jeff Winner
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668:. The five-movement suite was performed at Carnegie Hall on February 7, 1950, by violinist
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324:. Though Scott never scored cartoon soundtracks, his music is familiar to millions because
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from 1942 to 1944, Scott left the network. He composed and arranged music (with lyrics by
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Operations and Chief Engineer at Motown from 1969 to 1987, said about Scott's hiring:
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2339:. Includes chapter by Irwin Chusid on how Scott's music has been adapted for cartoons
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at the LaBudde Special Collections Department, University of Missouri, Kansas City
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Raymond Scott's Musical and Technical Legacy at Google Arts & Culture (2021)
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American composer, bandleader, pianist, record producer and inventor (1908–1994)
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Interview with Guy Costa about Raymond Scott's Electronium at RaymondScott.net
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Stalling began peppering his cartoon scores with Scott quotes, such as in
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In 1950, Scott composed his first—and only known—classical work, entitled
1777:(CD book). Raymond Scott. Holland: Basta Audio/Visuals. pp. 104–105.
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2016:
by Quartet San Francisco, Gordon Goodwin’s Big Phat Band & Take 6"
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1687:"Electronic Perspectives - Raymond Scott's Clavivox & Electronium"
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In 1943, Scott sold his music publishing to Warner Bros., who allowed
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1568:(CD book). Raymond Scott. Holland: Basta Audio/Visuals. p. 115.
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Deconstructing Dad: The Music, Machines and Mystery of Raymond Scott
1955:
1715:(CD book). Raymond Scott. Holland: Basta Audio/Visuals. p. 25.
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1012:. "Powerhouse" was quoted ten times in the Warner Brothers feature
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ASCAP Biographical Dictionary of Composers, Authors and Publishers
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Electronic and Experimental Music: Technology, Music, and Culture
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The Music of Raymond Scott: Reckless Nights and Turkish Twilights
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Relying on several instruments of his own invention, such as the
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2428:"Raymond Scott, 85, a Composer For Cartoons and the Stage, Dies"
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American Song. The Complete Musical Theater Companion. 1877–1995
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1422:– Ted Heath and his Music play Raymond Scott compositions (1956)
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In April 2021, Scott's "Powerhouse" was used in the CBS TV show
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music through tight, busy arrangements that reduced reliance on
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Scott's son, film editor Stan Warnow, released the documentary
715:) who participated in Scott's 1959 Secret 7 recording project.
687:. The sidemen included many of the same session players (e.g.,
1951:"Favorite Compilations and Reissues | AllMusic 2017 in Review"
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1373:, composed "Desire" to accompany the "Cat Girl" dance routine
1903:
The Unexpected - Raymond Scott, Raymond Scott ... | AllMusic
1544:
The Jingle Workshop: Midcentury Musical Miniatures 1951-1965
2149:"Would Daffy Approve? Perhapth: Dance Heginbotham Presents
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panels is considered the first self-composing synthesizer.
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1925:"Imagination and Innovation: The World of Raymond Scott"
1650:"Gloria Lynne | Biography, Albums, Streaming Links"
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The Quintette represented Scott's attempt to revitalize
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immigrants, Joseph and Sarah Warnow. His older brother,
2394:
Artifacts from the Archives | Raymond Scott (1908–1994)
1852:"Raymond Scott: Composer, inventor, pianist, visionary"
1240:(1951, "Dinner Music for a Pack of Hungry Cannibals");
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Interest in his work revived in the early 1990s, after
816:, and Baltimore Gas and Electric Company, among others.
2086:"Deconstructing Dad | Raymond Scott (1908-1994)"
1304:(2005, "Dinner Music for Pack of Hungry Cannibals");
1058:, began using quintet recordings. In the late-1990s,
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visited Scott at his Long Island labs to witness the
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Three Willow Park: Electronic Music from Inner Space
1246:(1955, "Flagging the Train to Tuscaloosa"; words by
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Three Willow Park: Electronic Music from Inner Space
905:, credited to the Secret Seven, and released on the
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and pianist Carlo Bussotti, who recorded the work.)
632:, Scott began recording pop songs using the layered
358:(which uses Scott's recordings in twelve episodes),
1062:, a Dutch ensemble that performed music written by
2125:"Theatre Is Easy | Reviews | Powerhouse"
1070:movies, released two albums of by Scott's sextet:
909:label. Musicians performing on the album included
675:In 1958, while serving as an A&R director for
624:In the late 1940s, contemporaneous with guitarist
2457:Sound Unbound: Sampling Digital Music and Culture
1202:(1938, "The Toy Trumpet"; with special lyrics by
961:, to adapt anything in the Warner music catalog.
320:, Scott is today regarded as an early pioneer of
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1160:On February 8, 1994, Scott died of pneumonia in
550:Opening bars of melody line of "The Toy Trumpet"
352:cartoons. His compositions may also be heard in
2410:, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri
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1042:produced an album of quintet broadcasts titled
937:, as well as Scott's then-wife Dorthy Collins.
2442:(podcast), Season 4, episode One: Player Piano
2186:"CD Raymond Scott, Suite for Violin and Piano"
1480:The Raymond Scott Project: Vol. 1: Powerhouse
1192:(1938, "Twilight in Turkey" and "Arabania");
597:After serving as music director for programs
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2554:Television personalities from New York City
2305:. Vol. 2, 2nd edition, Schirmer Books, 1996
1034:by Columbia, produced by Irwin Chusid with
718:
554:In 1939, Scott turned his Quintette into a
2310:Raymond Scott: Artifacts from the Archives
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2315:Goldmark, Daniel, and Yuval Taylor, eds.
2053:Episode soundtrack listed at Tunefind.com
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1607:"The mysterious appeal of 'silent music'"
1212:(1938, "Brass Buttons and Epaulettes" );
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19:For other people with the same name, see
2414:The Raymond Scott Collection (documents)
1943:
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1196:(1938, "War Dance for Wooden Indians");
414:Scott was born in Brooklyn, New York to
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316:Known best in his time as a composer of
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1564:Blom, Gert-Jan and Jeff Winner (2000).
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523:sings a version of the song. Trumpeter
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2351:(3rd ed.). Taylor & Francis.
2345:"Early Synthesizers and Experimenters"
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1381:New York International Fringe Festival
970:. Scott's tunes have been licensed to
2308:Chusid, Irwin and Jeff Winner, eds.,
1922:
1132:In 2023, Scott received a posthumous
1032:Reckless Nights and Turkish Twilights
767:Gesell Institute of Child Development
2659:20th-century American male musicians
2644:Jazz musicians from New York (state)
2423:, BoingBoing.net, September 10, 2008
2421:"Raymond Scott: The First 100 Years"
2404:The Raymond Scott Collection (audio)
1976:
1747:Roberts, Randal (December 5, 2007).
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1410:Raymond Scott and His Orchestra Play
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1186:(1937, various adapted standards);
428:and encouraged his musical career.
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2534:American male film score composers
2240:. Scottrewired.com. March 20, 2014
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1749:"Are You Not Devo? You Are Mutato"
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1228:(1949, theme and orchestrations);
636:vocals of his second wife, singer
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2689:20th-century American songwriters
2549:Songwriters from New York (state)
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2383:, 4th edition, R. R. Bowker, 1980
2374:The Encyclopedia of Popular Music
1268:(1988, "Singing Down the Road");
1224:(1945, "Singing Down the Road");
587:silent or near-silent music canon
2482:NAMM Oral History Library (1986)
2367:The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz
1636:, details on release of Scott's
1328:(2018, "Waltz of the Diddles").
607:) for the 1946 Broadway musical
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2654:20th-century American inventors
2639:20th-century American engineers
2629:20th-century American composers
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2192:. July 24, 2012. Archived from
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1579:Chusid, Irwin; Winner, Jeff E.
1528:(Li'l Daisy / Daisyworld, 2013)
1044:The Man Who Made Cartoons Swing
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444:were Pete Pumiglio (clarinet);
2624:20th-century American pianists
2376:, 3rd edition, Macmillan, 1998
1877:"The Secret 7: The Unexpected"
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1150:Gordon Goodwin's Big Phat Band
1072:Celebration on the Planet Mars
765:was released in 1964 with the
725:Brooklyn Technical High School
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2529:American film score composers
2524:American electronic musicians
1977:Kirn, Peter (July 28, 2006).
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1404:Raymond Scott - Raymond Scott
1322:(2017, "Song of India"); and
2634:Engineers from New York City
2544:American male jazz composers
1458:The Secret 7: The Unexpected
1295:Looney Tunes: Back in Action
1280:(1995, "Moment Whimsical");
1015:Looney Tunes: Back in Action
967:The Great Piggy Bank Robbery
7:
2664:20th-century jazz composers
2379:Press, Jaques Cattell, ed.
2012:"Highly Recommended Album:
1685:Rhea, Tom (February 1981).
1391:Lincoln Center Out of Doors
1234:(1950, "The Toy Trumpet");
10:
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2669:20th-century American Jews
2365:Kernfeld, Barry Dean, ed.
2172:November 22, 2011, at the
2107:"Michael Todd's Peep Show"
1821:"Raymond Scott: Biography"
1638:Suite for Violin and Piano
1520:Suite for Violin and Piano
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1218:(1938, "Minuet in Jazz");
1199:Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm
1085:The posthumously released
666:Suite for Violin and Piano
516:Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm
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2679:Jewish American composers
2674:American male songwriters
2589:Brunswick Records artists
2569:Jewish American musicians
2564:American jazz bandleaders
1881:Raymond Scott (1908-1994)
1675:Blom & Winner, p. 108
1052:The Ren & Stimpy Show
1022:Obscurity and rediscovery
806:multitrack tape recorders
537:Piano Sonata in C, K. 545
433:Juilliard School of Music
340:, and other Warner Bros.
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2619:Top Rank Records artists
2594:Columbia Records artists
2559:American audio engineers
2065:"• DECONSTRUCTING DAD •"
2014:Raymond Scott Reimagined
1581:"Raymond Scott Timeline"
1501:Manhattan Research, Inc.
1469:Soothing Sounds for Baby
1447:Manhattan Research, Inc.
1325:Won't You Be My Neighbor
1271:Honey, I Shrunk the Kids
1155:
1142:Raymond Scott Reimagined
762:Soothing Sounds for Baby
719:Electronics and research
679:, Scott produced singer
2584:Musicians from Brooklyn
2574:Juilliard School alumni
2539:American jazz composers
2480:Raymond Scott Interview
2460:(MIT Press, May 2008),
2238:"Raymond Scott Rewired"
1546:(Modern Harmonic, 2019)
1292:(1998, "Devil Drums");
1286:(1995, "The Penguin");
1274:(1989, "Powerhouse" );
1088:Manhattan Research Inc.
979:The Ren and Stimpy Show
527:'s 1964 rendition with
431:A 1931 graduate of the
355:The Ren and Stimpy Show
328:adapted it in over 120
2649:American male pianists
2317:The Cartoon Music Book
1981:. Create Digital Music
1775:Manhattan Research Inc
1713:Manhattan Research Inc
1711:Chusid, Irwin (2000).
1566:Manhattan Research Inc
1526:Raymond Scott Songbook
1426:This Time With Strings
1310:(2008, "Powerhouse");
1298:(2003, "Powerhouse");
1243:The Trouble with Harry
1209:Just Around the Corner
1113:, through his company
941:The cartoon connection
818:
546:
47:Background information
2684:Jewish jazz musicians
2604:Decca Records artists
2599:Coral Records artists
2437:Naddaff-Hafrey, Ben,
2343:Holmes, Thom (2008).
2287:at ModernHarmonic.com
1773:Winner, Jeff (2000).
1532:Raymond Scott Rewired
1436:Rock 'n Roll Symphony
1389:, which premiered at
1369:(1950) – produced by
1316:(2015, "Portofino");
1253:Never Love a Stranger
1215:Sally, Irene and Mary
1189:Ali Baba Goes to Town
1146:Quartet San Francisco
1003:SpongeBob SquarePants
949:, music director for
915:Harry “Sweets” Edison
802:
701:Harry "Sweets" Edison
545:
410:Early life and career
397:SpongeBob SquarePants
2609:Epic Records artists
2321:Chicago Review Press
1759:on January 13, 2008.
1319:The Space Between Us
1231:The West Point Story
1176:Films and television
911:Sam “The Man” Taylor
723:Scott, who attended
628:'s studio work with
2614:MGM Records artists
2434:, February 9, 1994)
2408:Marr Sound Archives
2285:The Jingle Workshop
2260:"Three Willow Park"
1540:(Basta Music, 2017)
1534:(Basta Music, 2014)
1522:(Basta Music, 2012)
1516:(Basta Music, 2008)
1510:(Basta Music, 2002)
1504:(Basta Music, 2000)
1080:Metropole Orchestra
887:Where Are They Now?
843:Jean-Jacques Perrey
744:, developer of the
2432:The New York Times
2151:Manhattan Research
1923:Carpenter, Brian.
1632:2014-03-14 at the
1387:Manhattan Research
1289:Lulu on the Bridge
1277:Search and Destroy
1050:. The director of
547:
94:, California, U.S.
72:September 10, 1908
2579:Orchestra leaders
2474:978-0-262-63363-5
2466:978-0-262-63363-5
2426:Grimes, William.
2369:, Macmillan, 1988
2358:978-0-415-95781-6
2337:978-1-55652-473-8
2218:. Raymondscott.jp
2196:on March 14, 2014
1691:Keyboard Magazine
1301:Starsky and Hutch
1221:Bells of Rosarita
1111:Mark Mothersbaugh
778:electromechanical
685:Miss Gloria Lynne
551:
504:head arrangements
301:
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2440:The Last Archive
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1420:A Yank in Europe
1406:(Columbia, 1947)
1360:Bernard Hanighen
1109:founding member
1093:Microphone Music
1076:Manhattan Minuet
1068:Laurel and Hardy
931:Toots Thielemans
786:vending machines
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729:electronic music
600:Broadway Bandbox
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1262:(1960, score);
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958:Merrie Melodies
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919:Wild Bill Davis
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845:in March 1960.
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713:Wild Bill Davis
697:George Duvivier
659:Your Hit Parade
655:Your Hit Parade
638:Dorothy Collins
605:Bernie Hanighen
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2296:Bibliography
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570:, trumpeter
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341:
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87:(1994-02-08)
57:Harry Warnow
25:
2519:1994 deaths
2514:1908 births
2269:October 27,
2134:October 27,
2038:October 27,
1985:January 12,
1861:October 27,
1661:October 27,
1398:Discography
1283:Funny Bones
1166:Los Angeles
1162:North Hills
1036:Hal Willner
991:The Oblongs
927:Elvin Jones
923:Milt Hinton
863:Electronium
855:Berry Gordy
839:Thomas Rhea
757:Electronium
705:Eddie Costa
689:Milt Hinton
619:Yul Brynner
615:Mary Martin
560:Ben Webster
420:Mark Warnow
379:The Oblongs
322:electronica
291:Mark Warnow
184:electronics
169:Instruments
125:Occupations
116:electronica
92:Los Angeles
2508:Categories
2454:, editor.
2244:August 23,
2222:August 23,
2200:August 23,
2129:Theasy.com
1612:August 19,
1551:References
1377:Powerhouse
1307:RocknRolla
1259:The Pusher
1248:Mack David
1226:Not Wanted
1170:California
985:Animaniacs
873:Diana Ross
827:Jim Henson
798:Reverb.com
693:Sam Taylor
566:, bassist
511:Powerhouse
391:Puppetoons
373:Animaniacs
338:Daffy Duck
330:Bugs Bunny
145:bandleader
68:1908-09-10
53:Birth name
2323:; 2002),
1909:August 4,
1886:August 4,
1831:April 26,
1753:LA Weekly
1514:Ectoplasm
1371:Mike Todd
1366:Peep Show
1355:Lute Song
1344:in 2010.
1097:Ectoplasm
853:In 1969,
774:sequencer
727:, was an
683:'s album
630:Mary Ford
613:starring
610:Lute Song
580:Cozy Cole
495:Billboard
489:Metronome
437:CBS Radio
334:Porky Pig
293:(brother)
287:Relatives
210:Brunswick
198:1931–1985
21:Ray Scott
2170:Archived
2111:Playbill
1956:AllMusic
1655:AllMusic
1630:Archived
1494:Columbia
1462:Top Rank
1452:Columbia
1018:(2003).
907:Top Rank
825:creator
790:ashtrays
753:Clavivox
742:Bob Moog
626:Les Paul
556:big band
483:DownBeat
246:Top Rank
215:Columbia
155:inventor
140:arranger
135:composer
131:Musician
2499:Discogs
2448:world."
2446:ChatGPT
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2091:May 15,
2070:May 15,
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1009:Duckman
997:Batfink
875:movies.
823:Muppets
814:Nescafé
677:Everest
525:Al Hirt
385:Batfink
367:Duckman
267:Website
241:Everest
227:Audivox
179:celeste
111:exotica
2472:
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1126:Donuts
1006:, and
933:, and
859:Motown
810:Sprite
788:, and
776:. His
492:, and
309:(born
224:Master
203:Labels
99:Genres
77:, U.S.
1484:Stash
1430:Coral
1156:Death
1048:Stash
469:swing
403:Bluey
255:Basta
236:Coral
220:Decca
175:Piano
2490:IMDb
2470:ISBN
2462:ISBN
2353:ISBN
2333:ISBN
2325:ISBN
2271:2019
2246:2014
2224:2014
2202:2014
2136:2019
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2072:2023
2040:2019
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1964:2018
1937:2012
1911:2024
1888:2024
1863:2019
1833:2011
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1663:2019
1614:2016
1592:2018
1474:Epic
1148:and
1107:Devo
1074:and
1066:for
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