222:
34:
768:), have come to overshadow his medical accomplishments. Furthermore, he was not the first physician to make associations between the arthritis and other symptoms—the names arthritis urethritica, venereal arthritis and polyarteritis enterica had previously been applied—and the full triad was described by another physician in the 19th century.
669:
Reactive arthritis may be self-limiting, frequently recurring, chronic or progressive. Most patients have severe symptoms lasting a few weeks to six months. 15 to 50 percent of cases involve recurrent bouts of arthritis. Chronic arthritis or sacroiliitis occurs in 15–30 percent of cases. Repeated
484:
Reactive arthritis usually manifests about 1–3 weeks after a known infection. The mechanism of interaction between the infecting organism and the host is unknown. Synovial fluid cultures are negative, suggesting that reactive arthritis is caused either by an autoimmune response involving
200:
It most commonly strikes individuals aged 20–40 years of age, is more common in men than in women, and more common in white than in black people. This is owing to the high frequency of the HLA-B27 gene in the white population. It can occur in epidemic form. Patients with
319:
on the soles of the feet and, less commonly, on the palms of the hands or elsewhere. The presence of keratoderma blennorrhagica is diagnostic of reactive arthritis in the absence of the classical triad. Subcutaneous nodules are also a feature of this
1708:
1693:
208:
Numerous cases during World Wars I and II focused attention on the triad of arthritis, urethritis, and conjunctivitis (often with additional mucocutaneous lesions), which at that time was also referred to as
154:. The arthritis may be "additive" (more joints become inflamed in addition to the primarily affected one) or "migratory" (new joints become inflamed after the initially inflamed site has already improved).
400:
1211:
Geirsson AJ, Eyjolfsdottir H, Bjornsdottir G, Kristjansson K, Gudbjornsson B (May 2010). "Prevalence and clinical characteristics of ankylosing spondylitis in
Iceland – a nationwide study".
493:
There are few clinical symptoms, but the clinical picture is dominated by arthritis in one or more joints, resulting in pain, swelling, redness, and heat sensation in the affected areas.
127:
in women. Arthritis occurring alone following sexual exposure or enteric infection is also known as reactive arthritis. Affected people may present with mucocutaneous lesions, as well as
323:
Ocular involvement (mild bilateral conjunctivitis) occurs in about 50% of men with urogenital reactive arthritis syndrome and about 75% of men with enteric reactive arthritis syndrome.
331:
can include redness of the eyes, eye pain and irritation, or blurred vision. Eye involvement typically occurs early in the course of reactive arthritis, and symptoms may come and go.
1832:
2133:
1946:
111:
The manifestations of reactive arthritis include the following triad of symptoms: an inflammatory arthritis of large joints, inflammation of the eyes in the form of
1585:
352:
Mucocutaneous lesions can be present. Common findings include oral ulcers that come and go. In some cases, these ulcers are painless and go unnoticed. In the
378:
About 10 percent of people with reactive arthritis, especially those with a prolonged course of the disease, will develop cardiac manifestations, including
1035:"Analysis of bacterial DNA in synovial tissue of Tunisian patients with reactive and undifferentiated arthritis by broad-range PCR, cloning and sequencing"
2752:
1611:
81:
and developing an infection can trigger the disease. By the time a person presents with symptoms, the "trigger" infection has often been cured or is in
1825:
713:
Because women may be underdiagnosed, the exact incidence of reactive arthritis is difficult to estimate. A few studies have been completed, though. In
717:
between 1988 and 1990, the incidence was 4.6 cases per 100,000 for chlamydia-induced reactive arthritis and 5 cases per 100,000 for that induced by
2612:
1459:
Kvien, T.; Glennas, A.; Melby, K.; Granfors, K; et al. (1994). "Reactive arthritis: Incidence, triggering agents and clinical presentation".
2126:
1523:
Wallace, D. J.; Weisman, M. (2000). "Should a war criminal be rewarded with eponymous distinction? The double life of Hans Reiter (1881–1969)".
848:
1818:
2034:
337:, or "sausage digit", a diffuse swelling of a solitary finger or toe, is a distinctive feature of reactive arthritis and other peripheral
2742:
2119:
629:
if still present. Otherwise, treatment is symptomatic for each problem. Nonspecific urethritis may be treated with a short course of
485:
cross-reactivity of bacterial antigens with joint tissues or by bacterial antigens that have somehow become deposited in the joints.
2695:
2690:
2291:
2646:
251:
Symptoms generally appear within 1–3 weeks but can range from 4 to 35 days from the onset of the inciting episode of the disease.
2468:
1656:
1137:
915:
1558:
1399:
1258:
1017:
970:
481:
are rare causes. There is some circumstantial evidence for other organisms causing the disease, but the details are unclear.
1274:
Zadik Y, Drucker S, Pallmon S (August 2011). "Migratory stomatitis (ectopic geographic tongue) on the floor of the mouth".
535:
are non-specific tests that can be done to corroborate the diagnosis of the syndrome. A blood test for the genetic marker
1310:
960:
2732:
2685:
2463:
308:(circinate balanitis), which involves penile lesions present in roughly 20 to 40 percent of the men with the disease.
2322:
1962:
548:
2504:
2366:
1039:
194:
2458:
2058:
532:
2361:
1488:
Isomäki, H.; Raunio, J.; von Essen, R.; Hämeenkorpi, R. (1979). "Incidence of rheumatic diseases in
Finland".
625:
The main goal of treatment is to identify and eradicate the underlying infectious source with the appropriate
297:
of interphalangeal joints may be present but with relative sparing of small joints such as the wrist and hand.
143:
can involve the
Achilles tendon resulting in heel pain. Not all affected persons have all the manifestations.
2584:
2029:
753:
586:
2. Episode of arthritis of more than 1 month and either urethritis or cervicitis, or bilateral conjunctivitis
357:
733:
When reactive arthritis appears in a triad that also includes ophthalmic and urogenital manifestations, the
2747:
2737:
2641:
653:
may be needed for patients with severe reactive symptoms that do not respond to any other treatment. Local
254:
The classical presentation of the syndrome starts with urinary symptoms such as burning pain on urination (
230:
Because common systems involved include the eye, the urinary system, and the hands and feet, one clinical
2543:
2346:
1995:
552:
316:
136:
2767:
2574:
2252:
832:
790:
787:, American conservative political commentator, author, syndicated columnist, politician and broadcaster
2604:
2427:
738:
1237:
Harrison's
Rheumatology, Second Edition , Ch.9 THE SPONDYLOARTHRITIDES, Reactive Arthritis, page.134
539:
may also be performed. About 75 percent of all the patients with reactive arthritis have this gene.
2518:
2287:
2273:
1985:
1723:
2762:
2391:
2154:
1461:
818:
795:
509:
101:
2522:
2053:
1980:
1629:
683:
547:
Although there are no definitive criteria to diagnose the existence of reactive arthritis, the
425:
387:
158:
147:
1763:
937:
88:
The arthritis often is coupled with other characteristic symptoms; this was previously called
1804:
1162:
Sampaio-Barros PD, Bortoluzzo AB, Conde RA, Costallat LT, Samara AM, BĂ©rtolo MB (June 2010).
705:
and maintain a near-normal lifestyle with modest adaptations to protect the involved organs.
670:
attacks over many years are common, and patients sometimes end up with chronic and disabling
419:
189:
386:. Reactive arthritis has been described as a precursor of other joint conditions, including
2680:
2675:
2659:
2569:
2499:
2356:
2268:
2111:
2041:
799:
778:
698:
379:
365:
82:
2387:
8:
2093:
2046:
1975:
1933:
1799:
1712:
338:
305:
132:
2702:
1438:
1416:
2757:
2707:
2579:
2399:
2371:
2351:
2188:
2146:
2088:
2008:
1193:
1114:
1087:
1063:
1034:
559:
Percent
Sensitivity and Specificity of Various Criteria for Typical Reactive Arthritis
528:
423:. Other bacteria known to cause reactive arthritis which are more common worldwide are
372:
290:
1717:
1365:
752:
affiliation, and in particular his involvement in forced human experimentation in the
2409:
2404:
2204:
2193:
1941:
1734:
1540:
1536:
1505:
1470:
1395:
1369:
1322:
1291:
1254:
1220:
1185:
1119:
1068:
1013:
966:
889:
650:
361:
312:
301:
46:
1352:
Hill Gaston JS, Lillicrap MS (2003). "Arthritis associated with enteric infection".
1197:
2453:
2304:
2299:
2240:
2167:
2142:
1918:
1910:
1774:
1532:
1497:
1361:
1283:
1175:
1109:
1099:
1058:
1048:
881:
868:
Watson
Buchanan, W; Kean, Walter F; Rainsford, K D; Kean, Colin A (February 2024).
761:
718:
687:
458:
151:
1562:
2594:
2564:
2448:
2376:
2230:
2183:
1891:
1785:
1728:
1392:
Manual of
Rheumatology and Outpatient Orthopedic Disorders: Diagnosis and Therapy
1248:
702:
2013:
1807: - US National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
2478:
2432:
2225:
2083:
1865:
1739:
1287:
1009:
994:
Rheumatology in
Practice, By J. A. Pereira da Silva, Anthony D. Woolf page 5.9
885:
654:
521:
454:
371:
Some patients experience serious gastrointestinal problems similar to those of
324:
275:
112:
1586:"Comedian reveals how he tracked birth parents to solve family health mystery"
1501:
748:
A number of physicians have suggested that the eponym is undeserved. Reiter's
575:
1. Episode of arthritis of more than 1 month with urethritis and/or cervicitis
2726:
2653:
2245:
1870:
1860:
1330:
1210:
836:
805:
675:
646:
449:
417:. The most common triggering infection in the US is a genital infection with
183:
1702:
869:
608:
4. Episode of arthritis of more than 1 month, conjunctivitis, and urethritis
401:
List of human leukocyte antigen alleles associated with cutaneous conditions
300:
Patient can have enthesitis presenting as heel pain, Achilles tendinitis or
85:
in chronic cases, thus making determination of the initial cause difficult.
2548:
2338:
2220:
2209:
2078:
1923:
1901:
1544:
1373:
1326:
1295:
1224:
1189:
1123:
1072:
893:
823:
814:
784:
765:
757:
630:
469:
is the most common organism causing reactive arthritis following diarrhea.
383:
67:
51:
1474:
1394:(4th ed.). Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins. pp. chapter 36.
1180:
1163:
1104:
1085:
781:
had reactive arthritis, dying from a heart attack caused by the condition.
165:-linked arthritis often precipitated by genitourinary or gastrointestinal
2235:
2215:
2199:
1841:
1758:
1509:
827:
809:
742:
690:
517:
353:
346:
271:
263:
77:
in another part of the body (cross-reactivity). Coming into contact with
1685:
221:
2098:
1886:
1780:
749:
626:
431:
410:
334:
267:
171:
140:
124:
120:
105:
1161:
281:
It presents with monoarthritis affecting the large joints such as the
1855:
1810:
1769:
962:
Color atlas and synopsis of sexually transmitted diseases, Volume 236
671:
634:
473:
is the most common cause of reactive arthritis following urethritis.
414:
294:
259:
166:
128:
74:
70:
1657:"Second footballer reveals abuse by serial paedophile Barry Bennell"
234:
in reactive arthritis is "Can't see, can't pee, can't climb a tree."
1630:"Silverchair frontman's dramatic fight-back from crippling illness"
1053:
835:, football player and survivor of sexual abuse by football trainer
694:
443:
437:
231:
177:
146:
The clinical pattern of reactive arthritis commonly consists of an
78:
16:
Inflammatory arthritis triggered by infection elsewhere in the body
701:. However, most people with reactive arthritis can expect to live
2158:
1487:
722:
679:
642:
536:
497:
406:
328:
255:
205:
have an increased risk of developing reactive arthritis as well.
162:
116:
870:"Reactive arthritis: the convoluted history of Reiter's disease"
867:
33:
2527:
1697:
734:
714:
658:
638:
505:
501:
413:
as the basic pathologic lesion and is triggered by a preceding
985:
Primer on the
Rheumatic Diseases, By John H. Klippel, page 218
100:. The condition was renamed to reactive arthritis because of
2494:
2162:
513:
512:
the causative organisms. Cultures may also be carried out on
462:
2141:
1414:
913:
1952:
342:
286:
282:
169:. The most common triggers are intestinal infections (with
150:
of fewer than five joints which often includes the knee or
1250:
Recognizing
Clinical Patterns: Clues to a Timely Diagnosis
262:
of urination. Other urogenital problems may arise such as
2003:
1458:
1164:"Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis: a longterm followup"
725:, the annual incidence was found to be 43.6 per 100,000.
202:
1385:
1383:
741:
described the condition in a soldier he treated during
737:"Reiter's syndrome" is often applied; German physician
597:
3. Episode of arthritis, conjunctivitis, and urethritis
311:
A small percentage of men and women develop small hard
461:
infection may also precede the disease (the last four
1612:"Murray targets Christmas as date for Rangers return"
1380:
225:
Keratoderma blennorrhagicum due to reactive arthritis
1675:
1354:
Best Pract Ice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology
1351:
958:
1273:
1086:Infectious Diseases Immunization Committee (1995).
465:of bacteria mentioned above are enteric bacteria).
1436:
777:It has been postulated that Italian-born explorer
1246:
368:in higher prevalence than the general population.
2724:
2613:Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease
1308:
1522:
849:List of medical eponyms with Nazi associations
2127:
1826:
1654:
1559:"Cause of the death of Columbus (in Spanish)"
1240:
2035:Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis
409:gene on chromosome 6 and by the presence of
187:) and sexually transmitted infections (with
1092:The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases
2753:Steroid-responsive inflammatory conditions
2134:
2120:
1833:
1819:
935:
405:Reactive arthritis is associated with the
32:
1609:
1179:
1113:
1103:
1062:
1052:
1006:Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology, 6th Ed
965:. McGraw-Hill Professional. p. 148.
1026:
938:"Reactive Arthritis (Reiter's Syndrome)"
756:(which, after his capture at the end of
220:
2647:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
861:
826:, Australian musician, lead singer for
693:, cardiac conduction abnormalities, or
2725:
1840:
1247:Mark A. Marinella (1 September 2001).
1213:Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology
542:
341:but can also be seen in polyarticular
2469:Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
2115:
1814:
1583:
1525:JCR: Journal of Clinical Rheumatology
1437:eMedicine/Medscape (5 January 2010).
1389:
1032:
1003:
216:
193:); however, it also can happen after
1561:. Eluniversal.com.mx. Archived from
1490:Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology
1309:Kataria, RK; Brent LH (June 2004).
1253:. Hanley & Belfus. p. 44.
1033:Siala, Mariam; et al. (2008).
13:
2743:Conditions diagnosed by stool test
1655:Daniel Taylor (22 November 2016).
1415:American College of Rheumatology.
1267:
914:American College of Rheumatology.
14:
2779:
2686:Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome
1671:
2323:Hemolytic disease of the newborn
1537:10.1097/00124743-200002000-00009
1040:Arthritis Research & Therapy
771:
549:American College of Rheumatology
520:samples or on fluid obtained by
508:may be swabbed in an attempt to
211:Fiessenger–Leroy–Reiter syndrome
195:group A streptococcal infections
73:that develops in response to an
2505:Subacute bacterial endocarditis
2367:Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
1648:
1622:
1603:
1584:Kelly, Fiach (4 January 2008).
1577:
1551:
1516:
1481:
1452:
1430:
1408:
1345:
1302:
1231:
1204:
1155:
1130:
708:
293:. An asymmetrical inflammatory
237:The classic triad consists of:
1805:Overview of Reactive Arthritis
1610:Lisa Gray (29 November 2006).
1079:
997:
988:
979:
952:
929:
907:
533:erythrocyte sedimentation rate
356:, the patients may experience
41:Reactive arthritis of the knee
1:
2585:Postorgasmic illness syndrome
2030:Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
1366:10.1016/S1521-6942(02)00104-3
1088:"Poststreptococcal arthritis"
959:H. Hunter Handsfield (2001).
854:
754:Buchenwald concentration camp
358:recurrent aphthous stomatitis
285:and sacroiliac spine causing
2642:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
664:
620:
488:
7:
2708:Systemic autoimmune disease
2544:Allergic contact dermatitis
2464:Hypersensitivity vasculitis
2347:Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
2059:Adult-onset Still's disease
1996:Connective tissue disorders
1168:The Journal of Rheumatology
936:Mayo Staff (5 March 2011).
842:
553:sensitivity and specificity
317:keratoderma blennorrhagicum
137:keratoderma blennorrhagicum
131:-like skin lesions such as
10:
2784:
2214:common allergies include:
1417:"Arthritis and Rheumatism"
1288:10.1016/j.jaad.2010.04.016
1047:(2). BioMed Central: R40.
886:10.1007/s10787-023-01336-4
728:
657:are useful in the case of
398:
2668:
2634:
2625:
2603:
2557:
2536:
2517:
2487:
2441:
2426:
2385:
2337:
2330:
2316:
2286:
2261:
2176:
2153:
2071:
2022:
1994:
1961:
1932:
1909:
1900:
1879:
1848:
1749:
1679:
1634:The Sydney Morning Herald
1502:10.3109/03009747809095652
1315:American Family Physician
808:, one-time guitarist for
739:Hans Conrad Julius Reiter
394:
246:Asymmetric oligoarthritis
157:Reactive arthritis is an
45:
40:
31:
26:
2733:Infectious arthropathies
2459:Henoch–Schönlein purpura
2274:Eosinophilic esophagitis
1986:Enteropathic arthropathy
762:prosecution in Nuremberg
243:Nongonococcal urethritis
2575:Hashimoto's thyroiditis
2362:Guillain–Barré syndrome
1462:Journal of Rheumatology
1390:Paget, Stephen (2000).
1311:"Spondyloarthropathies"
104:'s war crimes with the
2676:Autoimmune adrenalitis
2054:Palindromic rheumatism
1981:Ankylosing spondylitis
1924:Tuberculosis arthritis
1012:. pp. 1055–1064.
684:ankylosing spondylitis
426:Ureaplasma urealyticum
388:ankylosing spondylitis
226:
62:, previously known as
1181:10.3899/jrheum.090625
1004:Ruddy, Shaun (2001).
471:Chlamydia trachomatis
420:Chlamydia trachomatis
224:
190:Chlamydia trachomatis
2681:Autoimmune hepatitis
2660:Transplant rejection
2570:Giant cell arteritis
2500:Rheumatoid arthritis
2357:Goodpasture syndrome
2269:Autoimmune urticaria
2042:Rheumatoid arthritis
1565:on 24 September 2014
1439:"Reactive Arthritis"
1142:www.rheumatology.org
1138:"Reactive Arthritis"
916:"Reactive Arthritis"
874:Inflammopharmacology
779:Christopher Columbus
699:aortic regurgitation
380:aortic regurgitation
366:migratory stomatitis
2748:Pustular dermatitis
2738:Autoimmune diseases
2147:autoimmune diseases
1976:Psoriatic arthritis
1105:10.1155/1995/470341
564:Method of diagnosis
560:
543:Diagnostic criteria
306:balanitis circinata
133:circinate balanitis
2590:Reactive arthritis
2580:Multiple sclerosis
2474:Reactive arthritis
2372:Pemphigus vulgaris
2352:Bullous pemphigoid
2253:Penicillin allergy
2189:Allergic urticaria
2009:systemic sclerosis
1971:Reactive arthritis
1842:Diseases of joints
1786:Reactive arthritis
1750:External resources
1276:J Am Acad Dermatol
817:, lead singer for
760:, resulted in his
651:immunosuppressants
558:
529:C-reactive protein
339:spondylarthritides
258:) or an increased
227:
217:Signs and symptoms
98:Reiter's arthritis
60:Reactive arthritis
27:Reactive arthritis
2768:Medical mnemonics
2720:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2621:
2620:
2513:
2512:
2422:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2410:Pernicious anemia
2405:Myasthenia gravis
2282:
2281:
2205:Atopic dermatitis
2194:Allergic rhinitis
2109:
2108:
2067:
2066:
1942:Chondrocalcinosis
1795:
1794:
1636:. 1 December 2002
1590:Irish Independent
1401:978-0-7817-1576-8
1321:(12): 2853–2860.
1260:978-1-56053-485-3
1019:978-0-7216-9033-9
972:978-0-07-026033-7
703:normal life spans
618:
617:
362:geographic tongue
302:plantar fasciitis
90:Reiter's syndrome
64:Reiter's syndrome
57:
56:
21:Medical condition
2775:
2703:Sjögren syndrome
2632:
2631:
2534:
2533:
2439:
2438:
2335:
2334:
2314:
2313:
2174:
2173:
2143:Hypersensitivity
2136:
2129:
2122:
2113:
2112:
2094:Bouchard's nodes
2047:Felty's syndrome
1919:Septic arthritis
1907:
1906:
1835:
1828:
1821:
1812:
1811:
1677:
1676:
1665:
1664:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1387:
1378:
1377:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1329:. Archived from
1306:
1300:
1299:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1244:
1238:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1183:
1174:(6): 1195–1199.
1159:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1117:
1107:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1066:
1056:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1001:
995:
992:
986:
983:
977:
976:
956:
950:
949:
947:
945:
933:
927:
926:
924:
922:
911:
905:
904:
902:
900:
865:
819:Spear of Destiny
719:enteric bacteria
688:immunoglobulin A
561:
557:
459:gastrointestinal
152:sacroiliac joint
94:Reiter's disease
36:
24:
23:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2772:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2712:
2664:
2627:
2617:
2599:
2595:Type 1 diabetes
2565:Coeliac disease
2553:
2525:
2509:
2483:
2449:Arthus reaction
2430:
2414:
2400:Graves' disease
2381:
2377:Rheumatic fever
2326:
2294:
2278:
2257:
2184:Allergic asthma
2165:
2149:
2140:
2110:
2105:
2089:Heberden's node
2072:Noninflammatory
2063:
2018:
1990:
1957:
1928:
1896:
1892:Joint stiffness
1875:
1844:
1839:
1796:
1791:
1790:
1745:
1744:
1688:
1674:
1669:
1668:
1653:
1649:
1639:
1637:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1616:The Independent
1608:
1604:
1594:
1592:
1582:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1521:
1517:
1486:
1482:
1457:
1453:
1443:
1441:
1435:
1431:
1421:
1419:
1413:
1409:
1402:
1388:
1381:
1350:
1346:
1336:
1334:
1307:
1303:
1272:
1268:
1261:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1209:
1205:
1160:
1156:
1146:
1144:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1084:
1080:
1031:
1027:
1020:
1002:
998:
993:
989:
984:
980:
973:
957:
953:
943:
941:
934:
930:
920:
918:
912:
908:
898:
896:
866:
862:
857:
845:
791:P. J. Gallagher
774:
731:
711:
667:
655:corticosteroids
637:, particularly
623:
545:
491:
453:spp. A bout of
403:
397:
373:Crohn's disease
219:
159:RF-seronegative
66:, is a form of
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2781:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2763:Medical triads
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2693:
2683:
2678:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2638:
2636:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2609:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2561:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2540:
2538:
2531:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2479:Serum sickness
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2445:
2443:
2436:
2433:Immune complex
2424:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2343:
2341:
2332:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2320:
2318:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2191:
2186:
2180:
2178:
2171:
2151:
2150:
2139:
2138:
2131:
2124:
2116:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2084:Osteoarthritis
2081:
2075:
2073:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2000:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1944:
1938:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1926:
1921:
1915:
1913:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1889:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1866:Oligoarthritis
1863:
1858:
1852:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1838:
1837:
1830:
1823:
1815:
1809:
1808:
1802:
1793:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1777:
1766:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1731:
1720:
1705:
1689:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1680:Classification
1673:
1672:External links
1670:
1667:
1666:
1647:
1621:
1602:
1576:
1550:
1515:
1496:(3): 188–192.
1480:
1451:
1429:
1407:
1400:
1379:
1360:(2): 219–239.
1344:
1333:on 9 July 2008
1301:
1266:
1259:
1239:
1230:
1203:
1154:
1129:
1098:(3): 133–135.
1078:
1054:10.1186/ar2398
1025:
1018:
1010:W. B. Saunders
996:
987:
978:
971:
951:
928:
906:
859:
858:
856:
853:
852:
851:
844:
841:
840:
839:
830:
821:
812:
803:
793:
788:
782:
773:
770:
730:
727:
710:
707:
666:
663:
622:
619:
616:
615:
612:
609:
605:
604:
601:
598:
594:
593:
590:
587:
583:
582:
579:
576:
572:
571:
568:
565:
551:has published
544:
541:
522:arthrocentesis
490:
487:
455:food poisoning
396:
393:
392:
391:
376:
369:
350:
332:
325:Conjunctivitis
321:
309:
298:
279:
276:vulvovaginitis
252:
249:
248:
247:
244:
241:
240:Conjunctivitis
235:
218:
215:
113:conjunctivitis
55:
54:
49:
43:
42:
38:
37:
29:
28:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2780:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2667:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2654:Latex allergy
2652:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2624:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2524:
2523:cell-mediated
2520:
2516:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2454:Farmer's lung
2452:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2429:
2425:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2384:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2333:
2329:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2137:
2132:
2130:
2125:
2123:
2118:
2117:
2114:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1872:
1871:Polyarthritis
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1861:Monoarthritis
1859:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1836:
1831:
1829:
1824:
1822:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1755:
1752:
1748:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1662:
1658:
1651:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1617:
1613:
1606:
1591:
1587:
1580:
1564:
1560:
1554:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1519:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1484:
1476:
1472:
1469:(1): 115–22.
1468:
1464:
1463:
1455:
1440:
1433:
1418:
1411:
1403:
1397:
1393:
1386:
1384:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1305:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1282:(2): 459–60.
1281:
1277:
1270:
1262:
1256:
1252:
1251:
1243:
1234:
1226:
1222:
1219:(3): 333–40.
1218:
1214:
1207:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1158:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1082:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1029:
1021:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1000:
991:
982:
974:
968:
964:
963:
955:
940:. Mayo Clinic
939:
932:
917:
910:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
864:
860:
850:
847:
846:
838:
837:Barry Bennell
834:
833:Steve Walters
831:
829:
825:
822:
820:
816:
813:
811:
807:
806:Mark St. John
804:
801:
797:
794:
792:
789:
786:
783:
780:
776:
775:
772:Notable cases
769:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
746:
744:
740:
736:
726:
724:
721:. In 1978 in
720:
716:
706:
704:
700:
696:
692:
689:
685:
681:
677:
676:heart disease
673:
662:
660:
656:
652:
648:
647:sulfasalazine
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
613:
610:
607:
606:
602:
599:
596:
595:
591:
588:
585:
584:
580:
577:
574:
573:
569:
566:
563:
562:
556:
554:
550:
540:
538:
534:
530:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
494:
486:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
451:
450:Campylobacter
446:
445:
440:
439:
434:
433:
428:
427:
422:
421:
416:
412:
408:
402:
389:
385:
381:
377:
374:
370:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
348:
344:
340:
336:
333:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
307:
304:, along with
303:
299:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
250:
245:
242:
239:
238:
236:
233:
229:
228:
223:
214:
212:
206:
204:
198:
196:
192:
191:
186:
185:
184:Campylobacter
180:
179:
174:
173:
168:
164:
160:
155:
153:
149:
144:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
109:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
86:
84:
80:
76:
72:
69:
65:
61:
53:
50:
48:
44:
39:
35:
30:
25:
19:
2589:
2549:Mantoux test
2473:
2210:Food allergy
2079:Hemarthrosis
1970:
1963:Seronegative
1949:(Pseudogout)
1902:Inflammatory
1779:
1768:
1757:
1733:
1722:
1707:
1692:
1661:The Guardian
1660:
1650:
1638:. Retrieved
1633:
1624:
1615:
1605:
1593:. Retrieved
1589:
1579:
1567:. Retrieved
1563:the original
1553:
1531:(1): 49–54.
1528:
1524:
1518:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1442:. Retrieved
1432:
1420:. Retrieved
1410:
1391:
1357:
1353:
1347:
1335:. Retrieved
1331:the original
1318:
1314:
1304:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1249:
1242:
1233:
1216:
1212:
1206:
1171:
1167:
1157:
1147:18 September
1145:. Retrieved
1141:
1132:
1095:
1091:
1081:
1044:
1038:
1028:
1005:
999:
990:
981:
961:
954:
942:. Retrieved
931:
919:. Retrieved
909:
897:. Retrieved
880:(1): 93–99.
877:
873:
863:
824:Daniel Johns
815:Kirk Brandon
785:Pat Buchanan
766:war criminal
758:World War II
747:
732:
712:
709:Epidemiology
668:
641:, are used.
631:tetracycline
624:
570:Specificity
555:guidelines.
546:
526:
495:
492:
483:
478:
474:
470:
466:
448:
442:
436:
430:
424:
418:
404:
384:pericarditis
210:
207:
199:
188:
182:
176:
170:
156:
148:inflammation
145:
110:
97:
93:
89:
87:
68:inflammatory
63:
59:
58:
52:Rheumatology
18:
2200:Anaphylaxis
2196:(Hay fever)
1759:MedlinePlus
828:Silverchair
798:, Scottish
743:World War I
691:nephropathy
627:antibiotics
567:Sensitivity
354:oral cavity
347:sarcoidosis
272:salpingitis
266:in men and
264:prostatitis
102:Hans Reiter
2727:Categories
2669:Autoimmune
2558:Autoimmune
2488:Autoimmune
2331:Autoimmune
2262:Autoimmune
2099:Osteophyte
1911:Infectious
1887:Joint pain
1781:Patient UK
1735:DiseasesDB
921:24 January
855:References
796:Ian Murray
750:Nazi Party
682:deposits,
635:Analgesics
527:Tests for
479:mycoplasma
475:Ureaplasma
447:spp., and
432:Salmonella
411:enthesitis
399:See also:
335:Dactylitis
268:cervicitis
172:Salmonella
167:infections
141:Enthesitis
125:cervicitis
123:in men or
121:urethritis
106:Nazi Party
2758:Syndromes
2339:Cytotoxic
2014:Sjögren's
1856:Arthritis
1800:eMedicine
1770:eMedicine
1595:4 January
899:31 August
672:arthritis
665:Prognosis
621:Treatment
489:Diagnosis
415:infection
295:arthritis
278:in women.
260:frequency
129:psoriasis
83:remission
75:infection
71:arthritis
47:Specialty
2628:multiple
2626:Unknown/
2428:Type III
2392:receptor
2241:Tree nut
1880:Symptoms
1775:med/1998
1545:19078450
1374:12787523
1327:15222650
1296:21763590
1225:20406616
1198:45438826
1190:20436080
1124:22514384
1073:18412942
894:37805646
843:See also
800:football
695:aortitis
643:Steroids
504:and the
467:Shigella
444:Yersinia
438:Shigella
320:disease.
291:swelling
232:mnemonic
178:Shigella
79:bacteria
2635:Foreign
2537:Foreign
2528:T cells
2519:Type IV
2442:Foreign
2317:Foreign
2288:Type II
2231:Seafood
2177:Foreign
2159:allergy
1934:Crystal
1849:General
1729:D016918
1640:22 July
1569:29 July
1475:8151565
1337:16 June
1115:3327910
1064:2453759
729:History
723:Finland
680:amyloid
537:HLA-B27
510:culture
498:urethra
407:HLA-B27
329:uveitis
315:called
313:nodules
274:and/or
256:dysuria
163:HLA-B27
117:uveitis
2656:(I+IV)
2388:Type V
2226:Peanut
2155:Type I
1764:000440
1543:
1510:310157
1508:
1473:
1444:16 May
1422:16 May
1398:
1372:
1325:
1294:
1257:
1223:
1196:
1188:
1122:
1112:
1071:
1061:
1016:
969:
944:16 May
892:
802:player
735:eponym
715:Norway
659:iritis
639:NSAIDs
614:98.8%
603:98.8%
592:96.4%
581:98.2%
506:throat
502:cervix
463:genera
441:spp.,
435:spp.,
395:Causes
135:, and
119:, and
2495:Lupus
2246:Wheat
2163:atopy
2023:Other
1740:29524
1718:099.3
1194:S2CID
764:as a
697:with
611:48.2%
600:50.6%
589:85.5%
578:84.3%
518:stool
514:urine
457:or a
283:knees
2696:APS2
2691:APS1
2605:GVHD
2292:ADCC
2221:Milk
2145:and
1953:Gout
1947:CPPD
1724:MeSH
1713:9-CM
1642:2016
1597:2008
1571:2009
1541:PMID
1506:PMID
1471:PMID
1446:2011
1424:2011
1396:ISBN
1370:PMID
1339:2013
1323:PMID
1292:PMID
1255:ISBN
1221:PMID
1186:PMID
1149:2019
1120:PMID
1069:PMID
1014:ISBN
967:ISBN
946:2011
923:2017
901:2024
890:PMID
810:Kiss
649:and
531:and
516:and
496:The
477:and
382:and
364:and
345:and
343:gout
327:and
289:and
287:pain
2305:IgM
2300:IgG
2236:Soy
2216:Egg
2168:IgE
2004:SLE
1709:ICD
1703:M02
1694:ICD
1533:doi
1498:doi
1362:doi
1284:doi
1176:doi
1110:PMC
1100:doi
1059:PMC
1049:doi
882:doi
203:HIV
181:or
115:or
96:or
2729::
2390:"/
1784::
1773::
1762::
1738::
1727::
1716::
1701::
1698:10
1659:.
1632:.
1614:.
1588:.
1539:.
1527:.
1504:.
1492:.
1467:21
1465:.
1382:^
1368:.
1358:17
1356:.
1319:69
1317:.
1313:.
1290:.
1280:65
1278:.
1217:28
1215:.
1192:.
1184:.
1172:37
1170:.
1166:.
1140:.
1118:.
1108:.
1094:.
1090:.
1067:.
1057:.
1045:10
1043:.
1037:.
1008:.
888:.
878:32
876:.
872:.
745:.
686:,
678:,
674:,
661:.
645:,
633:.
524:.
500:,
429:,
360:,
270:,
213:.
197:.
175:,
161:,
139:.
108:.
92:,
2530:)
2526:(
2521:/
2435:)
2431:(
2386:"
2290:/
2170:)
2166:(
2161:/
2157:/
2135:e
2128:t
2121:v
1834:e
1827:t
1820:v
1711:-
1696:-
1686:D
1663:.
1644:.
1618:.
1599:.
1573:.
1547:.
1535::
1529:6
1512:.
1500::
1494:7
1477:.
1448:.
1426:.
1404:.
1376:.
1364::
1341:.
1298:.
1286::
1263:.
1227:.
1200:.
1178::
1151:.
1126:.
1102::
1096:6
1075:.
1051::
1022:.
975:.
948:.
925:.
903:.
884::
390:.
375:.
349:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
