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609:, the government rejected the demand: "he red flag that you have brought back here has done nothing but being trailed around the Champ-de-Mars in the people's blood in 91 and 93, whereas the Tricolore flag went round the world along with the name, the glory and the liberty of the homeland!"
578:
341:. The Commune lasted for two months before it was crushed by the French Army, with much bloodshed. The original red banners of the Commune became icons of the socialist revolution; in 1921, members of the French Communist Party came to Moscow and presented the new
748:, then in wide use by left of center parties in Europe. The more floral red rose design has subsequently been adopted by a number of other socialist and social-democratic parties throughout Europe. Members of the party also sing the traditional anthem "
648:
were arrested and five were executed. This event, considered the beginning of the revival of the international labour movement, is still commemorated annually in many countries (although not in the U.S.). The red flag gained great popularity during the
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363:
356:, the red flag, with a star symbolising the party, hammer to symbolise the workers and sickle to symbolise peasants, became the official flag of Russia, and, in 1923, of the Soviet Union. It remained so until the
208:
protested this action by flying a red flag to honour the "martyrs' blood" of those who had been killed. They created their own red flags to declare "the martial law of the people against the revolt of the court."
450:
266:
of Mexico displayed a plain red flag (approx. 10 feet square) from the highest church tower in Béjar. The meaning of this display – directed to the Alamo defenders – meant "no surrender; no clemency."
537:. Red symbolises revolution, the large star is the Communist Party, and the smaller stars represent the working class, the farmers, and the urban middle class, the rural middle class, as described by
386:
became a red flag with a large star symbolising the CCP, and smaller stars symbolising workers, peasants, the urban middle class and rural middle class. The flag of the CCP became a red banner with a
398:
also adopted red flags. Some
Communist countries, such as Cuba, chose to keep their old flags; and other countries used red flags which had nothing to do with Communism or socialism; the red flag of
251:
of 1831. It is claimed to be the first time that the red flag was waved as a banner of workers' power. The red flags of
Merthyr became a potent relic following the execution of early trade unionist
752:" at the conclusion of the annual party conference. In February 2006, "The Red Flag" was sung in Parliament to mark the centenary of the Labour Party's founding. The flag was regularly flown above
493:
781:
1317:
201:, commander of the National Guard, as a symbol of martial law, warning rioters to disperse. As many as fifty anti-royalist protesters were killed in the fighting that followed.
624:
in Berlin in the closing months of World War II and was used until 1955, when the flag was modified slightly. It lost official status in 1991 when the Soviet Union dissolved.
166:
Red color as a combat or revolt symbol in Europe goes back to the turn of the millennia and before. In the Middle Ages, ships in combat flew a long red streamer called the
289:
used red flags. This prolonged struggle at the time got considerable attention and sympathy from liberals and revolutionaries in Europe, and it was in this war that
1190:
673:. The Soviet flag, with a hammer, a sickle and a star on a red background, was adopted in 1923. Various communist and socialist newspapers have used the name
326:
were to use a red flag with the star and crescent in white. In 1844, a version of this flag, with a five-pointed star, was officially adopted as the
Ottoman
791:
It has been common to find streets, buildings, businesses and product brands named after the Red Flag in nominally socialist countries as a result of
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of 1871 was red and it was at this time that the red flag became a symbol of socialism and communism. The flag was flown by anarchists at a
146:(1815–1884). Lamartine said that the red flag represented revolutionary violence, and "has to be put down immediately after the fighting."
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345:
with one of the original
Commune banners; it was placed (and is still in place) in the tomb of Vladimir Lenin, next to his open coffin.
134:
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Prior to the French
Revolution and in some contexts even today, red flags or banners were seen as a symbol of defiance and battle.
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858:, as was the case in France after the demise of the Paris Commune. During the persecution of communists and socialists amid the
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522:(1980–1991). The hammer symbolised workers, the sickle represented farmers, and the red star symbolised the Communist Party.
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are explicitly inspired by the plain red flag. Many socialist and socialist-adjacent political parties, including those of
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After the suppression of the 1848 revolution, the red flag and other insignia dominated by the colour red were banned in
661:; it was the political color of socialists on several opposed sides in the revolutions, including but not limited to the
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150:
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in
Melbourne, Australia. It is the world's oldest trade union building. The flag has been flying for over a century.
621:
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587:(1970–1991). Red symbolises the revolution, the star represents communism, while hammer and hoe symbolise workers.
556:. Red symbolises revolution, the five-point star symbolises intellectuals, farmers, workers, traders and soldiers.
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and radical republicans demanded that the red flag be adopted as France's national flag. Led by poet-politician
263:
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1358:[1997 Ulugqat County Administrative Divisions] (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. December 31, 2010.
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33:
572:. The hammer represents workers, the sickle represents farmers, and the paint brush represents the artisans.
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598:
425:
1291:[1997 Akto County Administrative Divisions] (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. December 31, 2010.
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of 1919–1920 in the United States, many states passed laws forbidding the display of red flags, including
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107:, have adapted and adopted a red flag as their symbol. The plain red flag was an official symbol of the
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The building to have had a red flag flying for the longest period of time and to still have one is the
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68:. The originally empty or plain red flag has been associated with left-wing politics since the
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A French soldier takes down a red flag from the barricades during the Paris uprising of 1848.
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tribal federations used a red standard as their flag. These federations later developed into
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first made a name for himself and that he was inspired to have his troops wear the famous
8:
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Nour, “L’Histoire du croissant,” p. 66/295. See also Ibn
Khaldun, Muqaddimah, pp. 214–15.
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The plain red flag is often used at socialist or communist rallies, especially on
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901:. The ban ended in Australia with the repeal of the War Precautions Act in 1920.
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In 1870, following the stunning defeat of the French Army by the
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use a red field for their flags, a reference to their revolutionary origins.
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The red flag was one of the first anarchist symbols worldwide prior to the
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Balz, Hanno. "'Hostile take-over'. A political history of the red flag".
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255:(Richard Lewis) in August 1831, despite a public campaign to pardon him.
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1259:[Anarchist colours: Where are black and black-red flags from].
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of 1358. The color red became associated with patriotism early in the
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until the late 1980s. It was the inspiration for the socialist songs "
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1372:巴音库鲁提乡 {...}1950年成立巴音库鲁提三乡，1962年建巴音库鲁提公社，1968年更名红旗公社，1984年改设巴音库鲁提乡。
1322:(in Simplified Chinese). xjwqx.gov.cn. June 4, 2018. Archived from
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1263:(in Polish). Centrum Informacji Anarchistycznej. June 19, 2012.
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Two red flags soaked in calf's blood were flown by marchers in
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the red flag was similarly banned in
September 1918 under the
390:. In the 1950s and 1960s, other Communist governments such as
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236:
1257:"Barwy anarchistyczne: Skąd czarne i czarno-czerwone flagi?"
846:, Kizilsu, Xinjiang, China was also renamed Hongqi Commune.
83:
and it was first used as the flag of a new authority by the
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1189:. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 178.
193:, introduced in May 1790. A red flag was raised over the
1406:(NY: Harcourt, Brace and Howe, 1920), 180ff., Appendix V
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came into use in the second half of the 18th century. A
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At much the same time, the
Liberal "Colorados" in the
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Red was the color of the Russian Revolution in 1917.
154:
Plain red banners for the Sultan's retinue. From the
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620:, adopted in 1936. This version was famous for its
480:A demonstration in Moscow during the unsuccessful
416:. The red standard is adopted as one of the early
322:(decree) from 1793 required that the ships of the
776:Communist and socialist red flag as name or title
644:in 1886. A bomb blast killed a policeman and the
220:in 1797 and hoisted a red flag on several ships.
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402:, for instance, represents the national flower.
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142:, rejects the Red Flag," February 25, 1848. By
897:. This ban would be an arguable cause of the
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732:The red flag was the emblem of the British
1305:皮拉勒乡 1958年成立皮拉勒公社，1967年更名红旗公社，1984年改设皮拉勒乡。
1235:
1233:
1171:Socialist History of the French Revolution
585:Flag of the People's Republic of the Congo
189:cockade, introduced in July 1789, and the
16:Symbol of socialism and left-wing politics
79:Socialists adopted the symbol during the
838:), meaning 'red flag commune'. In 1968,
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304:used a variety of flags, especially as
199:Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette
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1267:from the original on February 24, 2021
1193:from the original on November 26, 2018
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535:Flag of the People's Republic of China
468:A poster from the Paris Commune (1871)
204:Inverting the original symbolism, the
1362:from the original on October 15, 2017
1295:from the original on January 22, 2020
554:Flag of Socialist Republic of Vietnam
76:are the oldest symbols of socialism.
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430:emirates of the United Arab Emirates
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740:of 1986 when it was replaced by a
144:Henri Félix Emmanuel Philippoteaux
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593:Symbol of communism and socialism
382:(CCP) came to power in 1949, the
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197:in Paris on July 17, 1791, by
72:(1789–1799). The red flag and
1:
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736:from its inception until the
185:due to the popularity of the
87:of 1871. The flags of former
48:is predominantly a symbol of
1046:Racing flags § Red flag
831:was renamed Hongqi Commune (
426:Sultanate of Muscat and Oman
7:
1186:Bolshevik Festivals 1917–21
1183:von Geldern, James (1993).
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801:China FAW Group Corporation
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264:Antonio López de Santa Anna
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1124:Baucans (or Bauccedillian)
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1108:Oxford English Dictionary
599:1848 Revolution in France
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21:Red flag (disambiguation)
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894:War Precautions Act 1914
618:flag of the Soviet Union
520:Flag of the Soviet Union
373:Great Hall of the People
348:With the victory of the
170:to signify a fight with
1416:Stromberg v. California
1402:Zechariah Chafee, Jr.,
1091:ten Brink, Jan (1899).
881:Stromberg v. California
738:Labour Party Conference
722:authoritarian socialism
570:Workers' Party of Korea
432:, the original flag of
380:Chinese Communist Party
262:in March 1836, General
138:"Lamartine, before the
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1443:Red flag of Socialism
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807:. In 1967 during the
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607:Alphonse de Lamartine
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809:Cultural Revolution
785:Order of Red Banner
754:Sheffield Town Hall
708:Usage by anarchists
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651:Russian Revolutions
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280:Uruguayan Civil War
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81:Revolutions of 1848
1447:Flags of the World
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1120:Flags of the World
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687:Republic of China
683:Nationalist Party
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