515:
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1443:
to them as particularly karmically fruitful. Lay devotees support and revere the saṅgha, of which they believe it will render them merit and bring them closer to enlightenment. At the same time, the
Buddhist monk is given a significant role in promoting and upholding faith among laypeople. Although
1448:
to deal with the wrongdoings of his monastics, he usually states that such behavior should be curbed, because it would not "persuade non-believers" and "believers will turn away". He expects monks, nuns and novices not only to lead the spiritual life for their own benefit, but also to uphold the
1230:. Taking refuge is a form of aspiration to lead a life with the Triple Gem at its core. In early Buddhist scriptures, taking refuge is an expression of determination to follow the Buddha's path, but not a relinquishing of responsibility. Refuge is common to all major schools of Buddhism.
1718:
1444:
many examples in the canon are mentioned of well-behaved monks, there are also cases of monks misbehaving. In such cases, the texts describe that the Buddha responds with great sensitivity to the perceptions of the lay community. When the Buddha sets out new rules in the
1449:
faith of the people. On the other hand, they are not to take the task of inspiring faith to the extent of hypocrisy or inappropriateness, for example, by taking on other professions apart from being a monastic, or by courting favours by giving items to the laypeople.
1608:
and tantras) and the realization of one’s self-knowing timeless awareness (including the views, states of meditative absorption, and so forth associated with stages such as those of development and completion); and the sangha is made up of
2184:
1716:
1837:
Lay followers often undertake five precepts in the same ceremony as they take the refuges. Monks administer the precepts to the laypeople, which creates an additional psychological effect. The five precepts are:
1717:
2156:
1481:, particularly those of religions contemporary to the Buddha's time. There remains value for a degree of trusting confidence and belief in Buddhism, primarily in the spiritual attainment and salvation or
2365:
2363:
457:
2065:
as the symbol crowning a flag standard (2nd century BCE), as a symbol of the Buddha installed on the Buddha's throne (2nd century BCE), as the crowning decorative symbol on the later gates at the
2999:
2228:
1709:
1382:(heavenly beings). This often includes other Buddhas from the past, and Buddhas who have not yet arisen. Secondly, the taking of refuge honours the truth and efficacy of the Buddha's
2208:
2076:
The triratna can be further reinforced by being surmounted with three dharma wheels (one for each of the three jewels of
Buddhism: the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha).
2712:
1182:
refers to a religious practice which often includes a prayer or recitation performed at the beginning of the day or of a practice session. Its object is typically the
514:
1561:. This is described as neither existence nor non-existence. It is non-conceptual reality as well as the reality of the path which consists of luminous and stainless
1811:
Except this there are various recitations mentioned in Pali literature for taking refuge in the Three Jewels. Brett Shults proposes that Pali texts may employ the
1342:
expressed their faith through the act of taking refuge, which is threefold. These are the three supports or jewels in which a
Sutrayana Buddhist takes refuge:
3998:
2035:
1288:
6105:
4913:
3388:
2987:
2140:
1376:
In this, it centres on the authority of a Buddha as a supremely awakened being, by assenting to a role for a Buddha as a teacher of both humans and
2977:
2820:
6183:
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5141:
2118:
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608:
317:
1617:, and other spiritually advanced beings (other than buddhas) whose nature is such that they are on the paths of learning and no more learning.
2051:
1645:. Finally, the Sangha jewel includes numerous beings that are not part of the monastic sangha proper, including high level bodhisattvas like
5970:
3358:
2963:
481:
476:
6012:
3466:
266:
3201:
3223:
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5896:
1509:
or non-Mahayana forms of
Buddhism. For example, the Buddha is usually explained through the Mahayana doctrine of the three bodies (
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5185:
6061:
5388:
3368:
3153:
6140:
3139:
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3551:
3393:
6150:
6346:
6176:
5728:
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3169:
1463:
traditions. In contrast to perceived
Western notions of faith, faith in Buddhism arises from accumulated experience and
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5175:
3270:
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1157:
603:
560:
6115:
3471:
3131:
3069:
2910:
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5718:
6081:
5403:
5148:
2769:
The Buddha within : Tathagatagarbha doctrine according to the
Shentong interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhaga
2147:
5795:
5785:
3614:
2247:
2262:
6169:
6066:
5740:
5393:
5195:
5086:
5031:
3604:
189:
6071:
5710:
5408:
5091:
3383:
3216:
1086:
781:
519:
6351:
6341:
5889:
5293:
5165:
5136:
4838:
2816:
1867:
1423:
1250:
1223:
1031:
806:
766:
1418:(the saṅgha), which is mostly defined as the monastic community, but may also include lay people and even
6331:
5985:
5926:
4984:
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4363:
4008:
3521:
3416:
4528:
3117:
1327:
6336:
6321:
6120:
6041:
5833:
5313:
4789:
4275:
3398:
3231:
3039:
2810:
2749:
2726:
2648:
392:
4723:
6316:
6034:
5723:
5536:
5526:
5398:
4381:
3961:
3722:
3697:
1482:
906:
3747:
3195:
1311:
716:
5980:
5828:
5180:
4994:
4972:
4965:
4868:
4401:
4021:
3837:
3782:
3403:
3209:
2097:
A number of examples of the triratna symbol appear on historical coins of
Buddhist kingdoms in the
911:
861:
5958:
5882:
5765:
5745:
5076:
5056:
4813:
4543:
3787:
1305:
1071:
3076:
2957:
6217:
6192:
5775:
5615:
5283:
5253:
5026:
4977:
4818:
4766:
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4523:
4344:
4241:
3993:
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3737:
1335:
1234:
1150:
886:
871:
851:
776:
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686:
593:
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5750:
5331:
5263:
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5011:
5006:
4930:
4925:
4843:
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1614:
1432:
in the Three
Refuges, because they were considered to still be on the path to enlightenment.
1091:
1081:
1036:
4396:
6046:
5936:
5803:
5770:
5755:
5273:
5170:
5116:
5001:
4940:
4908:
4903:
4888:
4873:
4863:
4828:
4741:
4433:
4356:
3659:
3599:
3348:
3315:
3265:
1411:
1101:
1061:
1056:
1021:
866:
746:
654:
639:
583:
555:
506:
296:
5643:
4258:
4127:
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3929:
3667:
1858:
A layperson who upholds the precepts is described in the texts as a "jewel among laymen".
1518:
8:
6295:
6269:
6212:
5995:
5610:
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5323:
5298:
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3804:
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3280:
3260:
2640:
2098:
1820:
1660:
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1111:
1066:
1004:
944:
881:
826:
821:
576:
565:
490:
402:
282:
121:
3584:
3511:
2939:
1506:
5975:
5673:
5578:
5420:
5383:
5378:
5308:
5258:
5205:
5200:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5051:
5036:
5021:
5016:
4955:
4935:
4898:
4823:
4628:
4329:
4131:
4073:
3914:
3814:
3742:
3717:
3363:
3016:
2636:
2300: – Concept in Indian religions, signifying contemplation and spiritual cultivation
1638:
1534:
is without beginning, middle and end. The Buddha is peace. The Buddha is uncompounded (
1257:
1096:
1076:
1016:
1011:
899:
794:
721:
711:
618:
5472:
3174:
2921:
6243:
5953:
5931:
5851:
5813:
5509:
5494:
5457:
5442:
5215:
5131:
5046:
4883:
4848:
4833:
4560:
4550:
4231:
4078:
4063:
3934:
3857:
3777:
3712:
3644:
3531:
3288:
3149:
3135:
3065:
3043:
3020:
2971:
2906:
2887:
2864:
2845:
2795:
2772:
2753:
2730:
2702:
2675:
2652:
2303:
2039:
1991:
1954:
1806: For the third time, I take refuge in the Sangha.
1787: For the second time, I take refuge in the Sangha.
1781: For the second time, I take refuge in the Dharma.
1775: For the second time, I take refuge in the Buddha.
1452:
1415:
1383:
1365:
1339:
1315:
1207:
1143:
1041:
1026:
831:
706:
649:
613:
598:
529:
416:
135:
4795:
3589:
3489:
1800: For the third time, I take refuge in the Dharma.
1794: For the third time, I take refuge in the Buddha.
1646:
6253:
6086:
6029:
5499:
5452:
5447:
5303:
5268:
5243:
5238:
4989:
4945:
4858:
4533:
4189:
4182:
3966:
3956:
3842:
3506:
3378:
3109:
3105:
3096:
2191:
2070:
2047:
1923:
1873:
1261:
1106:
1051:
981:
971:
836:
450:
385:
369:
231:
203:
95:
79:
57:
4578:
2844:, The Precious Treasury of Philosophical Systems (Drupta Dzöd), Padma Publishing,
1414:
to liberation. The taking of refuge ends with the acceptance of worthiness of the
6207:
5863:
5808:
5760:
5688:
5558:
5356:
5336:
5278:
5190:
4853:
4751:
4598:
4334:
4317:
4302:
4280:
3832:
3702:
3536:
3516:
2861:
In the
Presence of Masters: Wisdom from 30 Contemporary Tibetan Buddhist Teachers
2671:
2102:
1892:), the 'Inner' is the Three Roots and the 'Secret' form is the 'Three Bodies' or
1634:
1621:
Thus, for
Mahayana Buddhism, the Buddha jewel includes innumerable Buddhas (like
1378:
1131:
1046:
846:
756:
701:
433:
177:
4608:
3762:
3752:
1387:
696:
6279:
6248:
6227:
6000:
5818:
5521:
5371:
5153:
4733:
4713:
4633:
4322:
4312:
4246:
4083:
3569:
3432:
3179:
3128:
Monks and Magic: Revisiting a Classic Study of Religious Ceremonies in Thailand
2995:
2126:
2031:
1983:
1664:
1436:
1351:
1347:
1297:
991:
921:
876:
734:
497:
217:
161:
5874:
6310:
6093:
5588:
5437:
4746:
4648:
4506:
4307:
4285:
4221:
3892:
3687:
3682:
3574:
3243:
2791:
2215:
2122:
1936:
1832:
1642:
1577:
1403:
1391:
1323:
1301:
1293:
1276:
1265:
1195:
816:
811:
751:
518:
Veneration of the Three Jewels, Chorasan, Gandhara, 2nd century AD, schist –
469:
440:
423:
257:
5990:
4046:
4036:
3408:
2842:
A Treatise Elucidating the Meaning of the Entire Range of Buddhist Teachings
2617:
1566:
1543:
1319:
956:
761:
5946:
5678:
5663:
5633:
5583:
5573:
5415:
5210:
4703:
4538:
4416:
4204:
4199:
4026:
3897:
3772:
3233:
3008:
2698:
2285:
2195:
2002:
1979:
1888:
forms of the Three Jewels. The 'Outer' form is the 'Triple Gem', (Sanskrit:
1469:
856:
741:
659:
545:
4461:
4446:
4406:
4103:
3767:
3343:
2905:, Current Perspectives in Buddhism, vol. 3, Cyber Tech Publications,
2101:. For example, the triratna appears on the first century BCE coins of the
1966:
1959:
1948:
1941:
341:
333:
6161:
5965:
5648:
5477:
4618:
4603:
4386:
4194:
4122:
3902:
3732:
3634:
3481:
3353:
3185:
3036:
Buddhist monastic life: according to the texts of the Theravāda tradition
2171:
2114:
1610:
1428:
1369:
926:
5638:
4098:
2461:
2238:, incorporating on the reverse the Buddhist triratna symbol on top of a
1903:
These alternative refuge formulations are employed by those undertaking
1622:
6222:
6025:
5941:
5909:
5905:
5593:
5551:
5427:
5233:
5158:
4772:
4756:
4718:
4698:
4593:
4568:
4476:
4411:
4391:
4137:
4068:
3939:
3822:
3792:
3727:
3677:
3335:
3325:
3298:
2837:
1904:
1897:
1733:
1626:
1597:
1589:
1562:
1547:
1531:
1505:
Buddhism, the three jewels are understood in a different sense than in
1445:
931:
691:
588:
4613:
3609:
2030:, with three branches, representing the threefold jewels of Buddhism:
1633:), not just Sakyamuni Buddha. Likewise, the Dharma jewel includes the
193:
6021:
5568:
5541:
4708:
4583:
4295:
4211:
4088:
3978:
3951:
3944:
3907:
3864:
3827:
3594:
3559:
3526:
3501:
3456:
2315:
2309:
2167:
2163:
2081:
1912:
1908:
1654:
1650:
1630:
1478:
1474:
1456:
1246:
1238:
976:
951:
6005:
5341:
4177:
4031:
3797:
3579:
3448:
3440:
2771:, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, pp. 186–190,
2424:
2422:
1318:
and his followers, holding begging bowls, receive offerings. In the
147:
6290:
5921:
5858:
5698:
5653:
5598:
5563:
5467:
5126:
4693:
4688:
4638:
4573:
4491:
4456:
4451:
4112:
3983:
3971:
3882:
3541:
3238:
2509:
2312: – Ritual of offering incense accompanied by tea and/or fruits
2291:
2199:
1972:
1816:
1812:
1676:
1672:
1604:; the dharma encompasses scriptural transmission (contained in the
1502:
1460:
1326:
is given a significant role in promoting and upholding faith among
1281:
1242:
1171:
986:
966:
961:
841:
537:
325:
243:
29:
4683:
4673:
4658:
4481:
4351:
3619:
3002:
from the original on 23 December 2017 – via Encyclopedia.com
2723:
An Introduction to Buddhist Ethics: Foundations, Values and Issues
1679:
symbol flanked on either side by a deer. Statue on display at the
271:
6285:
6017:
5603:
5546:
5531:
4678:
4668:
4643:
4518:
4513:
4471:
4441:
4373:
4339:
4226:
4167:
4162:
4016:
3919:
3757:
3707:
3494:
3320:
3190:
3118:
Refuge : An Introduction to the Buddha, Dhamma, & Sangha
3011:(2013), "Love and Devotion in Buddhism", in Werner, Karel (ed.),
2883:
2419:
2297:
2279:
2235:
2219:
2027:
2023:
2016:
1893:
1668:
1601:
1558:
1510:
666:
6274:
4290:
4058:
1768: I take refuge in the Sangha.
1761: I take refuge in the Dharma.
1754: I take refuge in the Buddha.
6076:
5683:
5668:
5504:
5366:
5346:
5121:
4783:
4663:
4653:
4588:
4216:
4172:
4157:
4147:
4117:
4041:
3924:
3692:
3564:
3308:
3303:
3094:
Kohn, Livia (1994), "The Five Precepts of the Venerable Lord",
2350:
2348:
2175:
2106:
2086:
2062:
2058:
1987:
1975:
1684:
1573:
1554:
1464:
1399:
1358:
1227:
1219:
1126:
681:
676:
671:
634:
107:
2922:"On the Buddha's Use of Some Brahmanical Motifs in Pali Texts"
2409:
2407:
1927:
Triratna symbol consisting of Trisula, Vajra, and Dharmacakra.
6056:
6051:
5823:
5658:
5516:
5482:
5462:
5432:
5361:
4778:
4623:
4501:
4496:
4466:
4421:
4268:
4263:
4142:
3847:
3672:
3639:
3629:
2746:
An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices
2318: – Abode of a buddha or bodhisattva in Mahayana Buddhism
2239:
2214:
Triratna symbol on the reverse (left field) of a coin of the
2110:
2066:
2009:
1675:
with his right hand turning the Dharmachakra, resting on the
1605:
1455:
in the three jewels is an important teaching element in both
916:
2345:
1493:
5693:
4486:
4152:
3649:
2404:
1742:
1584:) as well as the supreme qualities that make them a refuge.
1485:. Faith in Buddhism centres on belief in the Three Jewels.
353:
43:
3155:
Refuge: An Introduction to the Buddha, Dhamma & Sangha
2497:
1372:
order of Buddhism that practices and preserves the Dharma.
5351:
3887:
1637:
and (for certain sects of Mahayana) may also include the
1565:
that removes all defilement. It is also equated with the
1546:. The Buddha is self-enlightened and self arisen wisdom (
1245:
schools only take refuge in the Triple Gem. However, the
1473:, the Buddha explicitly argues against simply following
1249:
school includes an expanded refuge formula known as the
2451:
2449:
3122:
Thanissaro Bhikkhu : Third edition, revised, 2001
3013:
Love Divine Studies in Bhakti and Devotional Mysticism
2593:
1264:
went through a ceremony called "the Three Refuges and
455:
2836:
2533:
2515:
2294: – Type of meditational and devotional practices
1526:), the true meaning of the triple gem is as follows:
2569:
2473:
2446:
2434:
3064:"ガンダーラ美術の見方" (The art of Gandhara), Yamada Kihito,
2557:
2545:
2392:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2333:
3148:
2959:Kalama Sutta: The Buddha's Charter of Free Inquiry
2878:Robinson, Richard H.; Johnson, Willard L. (1997),
2581:
2069:in Sanchi (2nd century CE), or, very often on the
1550:), compassion and power for the benefit of others.
3038:, translated by Claude Grangier; Steven Collins,
2926:Journal of the Oxford Centre for Buddhist Studies
2485:
2050:, the Triratna is usually also surmounted by the
6308:
2880:The Buddhist religion: a historical introduction
2521:
2375:
2121:of the first century CE and on the coins of the
1667:delivering his first sermon in the deer park at
1361:, the Buddhist teachings expounded by the Buddha
1350:, the fully enlightened one (i.e. the figure of
495:
407:
287:
126:
5904:
2877:
2668:Environmental Philosophy and Ethics in Buddhism
2354:
1815:motif of a group of three refuges, as found in
2903:Buddhism Today: Issues & Global Dimensions
1681:Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya
421:
330:
151:
140:
34:
6177:
5890:
3217:
2790:, Encyclopedia of World Religions, New York:
1151:
390:
374:
247:
236:
208:
111:
100:
84:
69:
62:
3999:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
2976:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2812:Buddhist Ceremonies and Rituals of Sri Lanka
2635:
2467:
2428:
2190:The Triratna or "Three Jewels" symbol, on a
1576:refers to those beings who realize the true
1416:community of spiritually developed followers
438:
182:
3033:
2808:
2413:
2369:
2306: – Basic framework of Buddhist thought
222:
166:
6191:
6184:
6170:
5897:
5883:
3224:
3210:
1516:According to the Mahayana treatise titled
1158:
1144:
474:
358:
262:
48:
2288: – Supernormal knowledge in Buddhism
1876:there are three refuge formulations, the
1588:According to the Tibetan Buddhist master
2665:
2599:
1922:
1659:
1596:According to the Mahayana approach, the
1492:
1386:, which includes the characteristics of
1310:
1287:
1275:
513:
5186:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
3175:Another triratna on Buddha's footprint.
3125:
3075:Chodron, Ven. Thubten (June 18, 2012),
3074:
2985:
2766:
2563:
2503:
2194:(bottom symbol, the top symbol being a
1488:
6309:
6146:
5389:List of Buddhist architecture in China
3007:
2937:
2919:
2815:, The Wheel Series, Kandy, Sri Lanka:
2743:
2720:
2587:
2575:
2539:
2479:
2455:
2440:
2109:. It also surmounts the depictions of
1911:practices within the Tibetan Buddhist
1861:
1435:Early texts describe the saṅgha as a "
6165:
5878:
3205:
2955:
2900:
2785:
2715:from the original on 23 December 2017
2491:
2398:
2339:
1691:
1557:is described as the reality which is
1497:A Mahayana illustration of 35 Buddhas
6136:
3093:
2966:from the original on 4 February 2013
2688:
2615:
2551:
2527:
2073:(starting from the 1st century CE).
1997:The Triratna symbol is composed of:
1978:, thought to visually represent the
1724:Recitation in Pali for taking refuge
409:triratna, tiga permata, tiga mestika
3077:"Long refuge and precepts ceremony"
2988:"Festivals and Calendrical Rituals"
2938:Sperry, Rod Meade (June 11, 2021),
2858:
2386:
2079:The triratna symbol is also called
1803:Tatiyampi Sanghaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1797:Tatiyampi Dhammaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1791:Tatiyampi Buddhaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1784:Dutiyampi Sanghaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1778:Dutiyampi Dhammaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1772:Dutiyampi Buddhaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
13:
5176:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
3058:
2863:, Boston: Shambhala Publications,
2823:from the original on 28 March 2013
1918:
1698:
1580:and the "full extent of what is" (
1439:", because early Buddhists regard
609:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
604:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
14:
6363:
6116:Gautama Buddha in world religions
3163:
3132:Nordic Institute of Asian Studies
2516:Longchen Rabjam & Barron 2007
1426:. Early Buddhism did not include
6145:
6135:
5857:
5847:
5846:
5404:Thai temple art and architecture
5149:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
3389:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
3255:
3242:
3232:
2962:, Buddhist Publication Society,
2645:Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism
2261:
2246:
2227:
2207:
2183:
2155:
2139:
1732:Problems playing this file? See
1714:
1424:nearly or completely enlightened
1125:
544:
6327:Buddhist philosophical concepts
3256:
2831:– via Accesstoinsight.org
2693:, in Buswell, Robert E. (ed.),
2282: – Burmese Buddhist prayer
2162:The compound Buddhist symbols:
1524:Analysis of the Jeweled Lineage
16:Initiation ceremony in Buddhism
5394:Japanese Buddhist architecture
5196:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
4276:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
3467:Places where the Buddha stayed
3110:10.1080/02549948.1994.11731253
2859:Ray, Reginald A., ed. (2004),
2809:Kariyawasam, A. G. S. (1995),
2608:
248:
1:
5409:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
3191:Vajrayana refuge prayer audio
2986:Walters, Jonathan S. (2004),
2940:"What Are the Five Precepts?"
2882:(4th ed.), Belmont, CA:
2322:
2174:wheel, on the Torana gate at
2129:, also of the first century.
2057:The Triratna can be found on
1854:not indulging in intoxicants.
1851:not engaging in false speech;
1819:9.97.47, Rig Veda 6.46.9 and
520:Ethnological Museum of Berlin
320:, three treasures, triple gem
273:sarana, thi phueng thi raluek
5166:Buddhism and the Roman world
5142:Decline of Buddhism in India
5137:History of Buddhism in India
3237: Topics in
3126:Terwiel, Barend Jan (2012),
2817:Buddhist Publication Society
2666:De Silva, Padmasiri (2016),
2327:
2234:2nd century BCE coin of the
1868:Three Jewels and Three Roots
1741:The most used recitation in
1251:Three Jewels and Three Roots
807:Buddhist Paths to liberation
7:
4364:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
4104:
3034:Wijayaratna, Mohan (1990),
2697:, Macmillan Reference USA,
2355:Robinson & Johnson 1997
2273:
1967:
1960:
1949:
1942:
1826:
1578:luminous nature of the mind
1271:
342:
334:
272:
194:
152:
112:
70:
10:
6368:
6347:Tibetan Buddhist practices
5314:The unanswerable questions
3196:What are the Three Jewels?
3040:Cambridge University Press
2920:Shults, Brett (May 2014),
2901:Sakya, Madhusudan (2011),
2840:; Barron, Richard (2007),
2750:Cambridge University Press
2748:(2nd ed.), New York:
2727:Cambridge University Press
2649:Princeton University Press
2268:Symbol of the Three Jewels
2132:
2125:, such as those coined by
2046:On representations of the
1865:
1830:
6262:
6236:
6200:
6131:
5917:
5842:
5794:
5709:
5624:
5399:Buddhist temples in Korea
5322:
5224:
5107:
4804:
4732:
4559:
4432:
4372:
4007:
3962:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
3873:
3865:Three planes of existence
3813:
3658:
3550:
3480:
3472:Buddha in world religions
3334:
3279:
3251:
3186:A Buddhist View on Refuge
2956:Thera, Soma, tr. (2013),
2786:Irons, Edward A. (2008),
1958:
1940:
1765:Sanghaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1758:Dhammaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
1751:Buddhaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi.
505:
489:
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468:
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6062:Physical characteristics
5181:Persecution of Buddhists
4402:Four stages of awakening
3783:Three marks of existence
3369:Physical characteristics
2992:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
2788:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
2695:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
2689:Getz, Daniel A. (2004),
2468:Buswell & Lopez 2013
2429:Buswell & Lopez 2013
2092:
5959:ten principal disciples
4544:Ten principal disciples
3427:(aunt, adoptive mother)
3170:Buddhapada and Triratna
2767:Hookham, S. K. (1991),
2113:, on some the coins of
2085:, or "bull's hoof", by
2048:footprint of the Buddha
2005:flower within a circle.
1600:is the totality of the
1306:Cleveland Museum of Art
827:Philosophical reasoning
264:สรณะ, ที่พึ่ง ที่ระลึก
128:perlindungan, pelindung
5254:Buddhism and democracy
4767:Tibetan Buddhist canon
4762:Chinese Buddhist canon
3994:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
3989:Early Buddhist schools
2744:Harvey, Peter (2013),
2721:Harvey, Peter (2000),
2637:Buswell, Robert E. Jr.
2150:, 185–168 BCE (detail)
1928:
1809:
1703:
1688:
1619:
1498:
1407:
1395:
1331:
1308:
1285:
1268:" to become Buddhist.
594:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
522:
496:
482:รัตนตรัย (rattanatrai)
408:
359:
288:
237:
127:
49:
5264:Eight Consciousnesses
3374:Life of Buddha in art
2622:The Pluralism Project
2618:"The Three Treasures"
1926:
1747:
1702:
1663:
1594:
1496:
1314:
1291:
1284:(triple jewel) symbol
1279:
862:Aids to Enlightenment
687:Dependent Origination
517:
224:saranam / saran சரணம்
5937:Noble Eightfold Path
5741:East Asian religions
5171:Buddhism in the West
4742:Early Buddhist texts
4357:Four Right Exertions
3823:Ten spiritual realms
3316:Noble Eightfold Path
3182:at StudyBuddhism.com
2641:Lopez, Donald S. Jr.
2624:, Harvard University
1615:masters of awareness
1538:), and spontaneous (
1489:In Mahayana Buddhism
1412:Noble Eightfold Path
1334:Since the period of
1233:Since the period of
832:Devotional practices
655:Noble Eightfold Path
507:Glossary of Buddhism
297:Glossary of Buddhism
6352:Vajrayana practices
6342:Statements of faith
5996:Mahapajapati Gotami
5864:Religion portal
5611:Temple of the Tooth
5490:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
4529:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
4022:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
3805:Two truths doctrine
3625:Mahapajapati Gotamī
3425:Mahapajapati Gotamī
2506:, pp. 186–190.
2470:, Paramatthasaṅgha.
2198:). 1st century CE,
2099:Indian subcontinent
1862:Refuge in Vajrayana
1821:Chandogya Upanishad
1186:(also known as the
1132:Buddhism portal
1005:Buddhism by country
767:Sanskrit literature
6332:Buddhist practices
5976:Great Renunciation
5971:Eight Great Events
5786:Western philosophy
5384:Dzong architecture
5206:Vipassana movement
5201:Buddhist modernism
4629:Emperor Wen of Sui
4397:Pratyekabuddhayāna
4330:Threefold Training
4132:Vipassana movement
3848:Hungry Ghost realm
3668:Avidyā (Ignorance)
3615:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
3364:Great Renunciation
3359:Eight Great Events
3241:
3150:Thanissaro Bhikkhu
3081:ThubtenChodron.org
3017:Taylor and Francis
2008:A diamond rod, or
1929:
1710:Recitation in Pali
1704:
1692:Recitation in Pali
1689:
1499:
1422:provided they are
1384:spiritual doctrine
1332:
1309:
1292:Triratna Pendant,
1286:
1258:Henry Steel Olcott
619:Buddhist modernism
523:
477:ไตรรัตน์ (trairat)
6337:Faith in Buddhism
6322:Buddhist devotion
6304:
6303:
6159:
6158:
5932:Four Noble Truths
5872:
5871:
5510:Om mani padme hum
5216:Women in Buddhism
5132:Buddhist councils
5002:Western countries
4790:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
4551:Shaolin Monastery
4128:Samatha-vipassanā
3738:Pratītyasamutpāda
3542:Metteyya/Maitreya
3460:
3452:
3444:
3436:
3428:
3420:
3412:
3289:Four Noble Truths
3141:978-87-7694-101-7
3049:978-0-521-36428-7
3026:978-1-136-77461-4
2893:978-0-534-20718-2
2801:978-0-8160-5459-6
2759:978-0-521-85942-4
2736:978-0-511-07584-1
2708:978-0-02-865720-2
2681:978-1-349-26772-9
2658:978-0-691-15786-3
2647:, Princeton, NJ:
2416:, pp. 130–1.
2304:Four Noble Truths
2178:. 1st century BCE
1982:of Buddhism (the
1848:not misusing sex;
1719:
1582:yavad bhavikataya
1519:Ratnagotravibhāga
1316:Shakyamuni Buddha
1218:), which are the
1168:
1167:
650:Four Noble Truths
512:
511:
462:(dkon mchog gsum)
302:
301:
270:
6359:
6317:Buddhist symbols
6254:Bodhisattva vows
6186:
6179:
6172:
6163:
6162:
6149:
6148:
6139:
6138:
6035:pilgrimage sites
6030:Mahabodhi Temple
5899:
5892:
5885:
5876:
5875:
5862:
5861:
5850:
5849:
5689:Sacred languages
5537:Maya Devi Temple
5500:Mahabodhi Temple
5304:Secular Buddhism
5269:Engaged Buddhism
4109:
3957:Tibetan Buddhism
3908:Vietnamese Thiền
3507:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
3458:
3450:
3442:
3434:
3426:
3418:
3410:
3259:
3258:
3246:
3236:
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3097:Monumenta Serica
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2444:
2438:
2432:
2426:
2417:
2414:Wijayaratna 1990
2411:
2402:
2396:
2390:
2384:
2373:
2370:Kariyawasam 1995
2367:
2358:
2352:
2343:
2337:
2265:
2256:Triratna symbols
2250:
2231:
2222:(r.c. 35–12 BCE)
2211:
2192:Buddha footprint
2187:
2159:
2143:
2105:in the northern
2071:Buddha footprint
1970:
1964:
1963:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1874:Tibetan Buddhism
1721:
1720:
1701:
1639:Buddhist tantras
1398:) such as their
1352:Sakyamuni Buddha
1280:A Tibetan style
1262:Helena Blavatsky
1160:
1153:
1146:
1130:
1129:
857:Sublime abidings
548:
525:
524:
501:
485:
484:
464:
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428:
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411:
397:
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378:(jadanà θóuɴ bá)
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6155:
6127:
5913:
5903:
5873:
5868:
5856:
5838:
5790:
5705:
5620:
5357:Ordination hall
5318:
5220:
5191:Buddhist crisis
5103:
4800:
4752:Mahayana sutras
4728:
4724:Thích Nhất Hạnh
4555:
4428:
4368:
4318:Bodhisattva vow
4003:
3869:
3809:
3768:Taṇhā (Craving)
3703:Five hindrances
3654:
3546:
3476:
3330:
3275:
3247:
3230:
3198:at Tricycle.org
3166:
3142:
3085:
3083:
3061:
3059:Further reading
3056:
3050:
3027:
3015:, Hoboken, NJ:
2969:
2968:
2948:
2946:
2913:
2894:
2871:
2852:
2838:Longchen Rabjam
2826:
2824:
2802:
2779:
2760:
2737:
2709:
2682:
2672:Springer Nature
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2103:Kuninda Kingdom
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1919:Triratna symbol
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1699:
1694:
1647:Avalokiteshvara
1641:, not just the
1635:Mahayana sutras
1491:
1274:
1241:and mainstream
1164:
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1117:
1116:
1007:
997:
996:
947:
937:
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797:
787:
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757:Mahayana Sutras
737:
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667:Five Aggregates
645:
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623:
614:Later Buddhists
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377:
361:
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308:
307:Translations of
241:
187:
169:
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105:
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22:Translations of
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5934:
5927:Core teachings
5924:
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5915:
5914:
5910:Gautama Buddha
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5879:
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5421:Greco-Buddhist
5413:
5412:
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5374:
5372:Burmese pagoda
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5154:Greco-Buddhism
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4796:Abhidharmadīpa
4793:
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4776:
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4759:
4754:
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4714:B. R. Ambedkar
4711:
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4315:
4313:Eight precepts
4310:
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4299:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4273:
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4271:
4261:
4256:
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4084:Five Strengths
4081:
4076:
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3723:Mental factors
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3575:Mahamoggallāna
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3490:Avalokiteśvara
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3165:
3164:External links
3162:
3161:
3160:
3146:
3140:
3123:
3114:
3104:(1): 171–215,
3091:
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3025:
3005:
2996:The Gale Group
2983:
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2898:
2892:
2875:
2869:
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2851:978-1881847441
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2778:978-0791403587
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2592:
2580:
2568:
2556:
2554:, p. 673.
2544:
2542:, p. 119.
2532:
2520:
2508:
2496:
2484:
2472:
2460:
2458:, p. 246.
2445:
2443:, p. 245.
2433:
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2401:, p. 244.
2391:
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2146:Triratna on a
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2127:Vima Kadphises
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2061:sculptures at
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1866:Main article:
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1831:Main article:
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1665:Gautama Buddha
1586:
1585:
1570:
1551:
1490:
1487:
1437:field of merit
1374:
1373:
1362:
1355:
1336:Early Buddhism
1298:Madhya Pradesh
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1270:
1235:Early Buddhism
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922:Pratyekabuddha
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877:Buddhist chant
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735:Buddhist texts
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458:དཀོན་མཆོག་གསུམ
453:
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426:(sambō, sampō)
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6237:Precepts/Vows
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6094:Buddha in art
6092:
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5626:Miscellaneous
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5616:Vegetarianism
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5438:Buddha in art
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5114:
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5092:United States
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4657:
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4649:Padmasambhava
4647:
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4637:
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4632:
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4561:Major figures
4558:
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4549:
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4508:
4507:Western tulku
4505:
4504:
4503:
4500:
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4336:
4333:
4332:
4331:
4328:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4308:Five precepts
4306:
4305:
4304:
4301:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4286:Dhamma vicaya
4284:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4277:
4274:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4108:
4107:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4054:Buddhābhiṣeka
4052:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4029:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4010:
4006:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3876:
3872:
3866:
3863:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3812:
3806:
3803:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3785:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3698:Enlightenment
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3688:Dhamma theory
3686:
3684:
3683:Buddha-nature
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3553:
3549:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3522:Samantabhadra
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3461:
3455:
3453:
3447:
3445:
3439:
3437:
3431:
3429:
3423:
3421:
3415:
3413:
3407:
3406:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3278:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3254:
3253:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3227:
3222:
3220:
3215:
3213:
3208:
3207:
3204:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3157:
3156:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3098:
3092:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3071:
3070:4-89806-106-0
3067:
3063:
3062:
3051:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3032:
3028:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3009:Werner, Karel
3006:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2973:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2954:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2927:
2923:
2918:
2914:
2912:9788178847337
2908:
2904:
2899:
2895:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2876:
2872:
2870:1-57062-849-1
2866:
2862:
2857:
2853:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2813:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2793:
2792:Facts on File
2789:
2784:
2780:
2774:
2770:
2765:
2761:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2742:
2738:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2710:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2687:
2683:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2664:
2660:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2623:
2619:
2616:Anon (2020),
2614:
2613:
2602:, p. 63.
2601:
2600:De Silva 2016
2596:
2589:
2584:
2578:, p. 80.
2577:
2572:
2565:
2560:
2553:
2548:
2541:
2536:
2529:
2524:
2518:, p. 66.
2517:
2512:
2505:
2500:
2493:
2488:
2482:, p. 39.
2481:
2476:
2469:
2464:
2457:
2452:
2450:
2442:
2437:
2431:, Kuladūșaka.
2430:
2425:
2423:
2415:
2410:
2408:
2400:
2395:
2389:, p. 60.
2388:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2371:
2366:
2364:
2357:, p. 43.
2356:
2351:
2349:
2341:
2336:
2332:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2264:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2244:
2241:
2237:
2230:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2216:Indo-Scythian
2210:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2186:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2158:
2153:
2149:
2142:
2137:
2136:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2123:Kushan Empire
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2055:
2053:
2049:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2018:
2017:ananda-chakra
2014:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1969:
1962:
1956:
1951:
1944:
1938:
1934:
1925:
1916:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1869:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1845:not stealing;
1844:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1833:Five precepts
1824:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1807:
1804:
1798:
1792:
1785:
1779:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1746:
1744:
1737:
1735:
1711:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1593:
1591:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1495:
1486:
1484:
1483:enlightenment
1480:
1476:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1446:monastic code
1442:
1438:
1433:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1380:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1329:
1325:
1324:Buddhist monk
1321:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1303:
1302:Shunga Period
1299:
1295:
1290:
1283:
1278:
1269:
1267:
1266:Five Precepts
1263:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1192:Three Refuges
1189:
1185:
1181:
1180:taking refuge
1177:
1173:
1161:
1156:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1001:
1000:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
946:
941:
940:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
904:
901:
896:
895:
888:
887:Vegetarianism
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
842:Recollections
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
812:Five precepts
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
799:
796:
791:
790:
783:
780:
778:
777:Chinese canon
775:
773:
772:Tibetan canon
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
739:
736:
731:
730:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
661:
658:
657:
656:
653:
651:
648:
647:
641:
638:
636:
633:
632:
628:
627:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
581:
578:
573:
572:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
553:
552:
551:
547:
543:
542:
539:
536:
535:
531:
527:
526:
521:
516:
508:
504:
500:
499:
494:
492:
488:
483:
478:
473:
471:
467:
459:
454:
452:
448:
442:
437:
435:
431:
425:
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
404:
400:
395:, 三寶 (sānbǎo)
394:
389:
387:
383:
373:
371:
367:
363:
357:
355:
351:
344:
336:
329:
327:
323:
319:
316:
312:
305:
298:
294:
290:
286:
284:
280:
274:
268:
261:
259:
255:
245:
239:
235:
233:
229:
221:
219:
215:
207:
205:
201:
196:
191:
181:
179:
175:
165:
163:
159:
154:
149:
139:
137:
133:
129:
125:
123:
119:
114:
109:
99:
97:
93:
83:
81:
77:
72:
61:
59:
55:
51:
47:
45:
41:
33:
31:
27:
20:
6193:Lay Buddhist
5804:Bodhisattvas
5724:Christianity
5719:Baháʼí Faith
5584:Dharmachakra
5574:Prayer wheel
5564:Prayer beads
5332:Architecture
5211:969 Movement
4995:Saudi Arabia
4973:Central Asia
4966:South Africa
4788:
4771:
4704:Panchen Lama
4609:Buddhapālita
4253:
4205:Satipatthana
4200:Mindful Yoga
4113:Recollection
4027:Brahmavihara
3898:Japanese Zen
3893:Chinese Chan
3853:Animal realm
3660:Key concepts
3482:Bodhisattvas
3294:Three Jewels
3293:
3154:
3127:
3116:
3101:
3095:
3084:, retrieved
3080:
3035:
3012:
2991:
2958:
2947:, retrieved
2943:
2929:
2925:
2902:
2879:
2860:
2841:
2825:, retrieved
2811:
2787:
2768:
2745:
2722:
2699:Thomson Gale
2694:
2667:
2644:
2626:, retrieved
2621:
2595:
2583:
2571:
2564:Walters 2004
2559:
2547:
2535:
2523:
2511:
2504:Hookham 1991
2499:
2487:
2475:
2463:
2436:
2394:
2335:
2196:dharmachakra
2119:Indo-Kingdom
2096:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2056:
2052:Dhamma wheel
2045:
1996:
1980:Three Jewels
1950:ratana-ttaya
1932:
1930:
1902:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1857:
1842:not killing;
1836:
1810:
1802:
1796:
1790:
1783:
1777:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1750:
1749:
1740:
1731:
1620:
1611:bodhisattvas
1595:
1587:
1581:
1539:
1535:
1523:
1517:
1515:
1500:
1470:Kalama Sutra
1468:
1451:
1434:
1429:bodhisattvas
1427:
1419:
1400:impermanence
1377:
1375:
1333:
1255:
1232:
1215:
1211:
1204:ratana-ttaya
1203:
1199:
1191:
1187:
1184:Three Jewels
1183:
1179:
1175:
1169:
837:Merit making
802:Three Jewels
801:
742:Buddhavacana
672:Impermanence
660:Dharma wheel
318:three jewels
309:three jewels
36:शरण (śaraṇa)
6106:Iconography
6099:life in art
5966:Four sights
5649:Dharma talk
5478:Asalha Puja
5274:Eschatology
5077:Switzerland
5057:New Zealand
4985:Middle East
4894:Philippines
4814:Afghanistan
4619:Bodhidharma
4604:Buddhaghosa
4524:Householder
4434:Monasticism
4387:Bodhisattva
4242:Prostration
4195:Mindfulness
4123:Anapanasati
4106:Kammaṭṭhāna
3903:Korean Seon
3843:Asura realm
3838:Human realm
3778:Ten Fetters
3733:Parinirvana
3635:Uppalavanna
3600:Mahākaccana
3585:Mahākassapa
3517:Kṣitigarbha
3512:Ākāśagarbha
3409:Suddhodāna
3354:Four sights
3281:Foundations
2944:Lion's Roar
2609:Works cited
2588:Sperry 2021
2576:Harvey 2000
2540:Shults 2014
2480:Werner 2013
2456:Harvey 2013
2441:Harvey 2013
2372:, p. .
2172:Dharmacakra
2148:Taxila coin
2115:Abdagases I
1968:ratna-traya
1915:tradition.
1813:Brahmanical
1602:three kayas
1507:Sravakayana
1410:), and the
1216:ratna-traya
1072:New Zealand
927:Bodhisattva
912:Four Stages
867:Monasticism
847:Mindfulness
817:Perfections
747:Early Texts
376:ရတနာသုံးပါး
362:ratanattaya
343:ratna-traya
210:සරණ(saraṇa)
6311:Categories
6296:Pilgrimage
6270:Meditation
6249:8 Precepts
6244:5 Precepts
6201:Devotional
6026:Bodhi Tree
5991:Śuddhodana
5942:Middle Way
5906:The Buddha
5766:Psychology
5746:Gnosticism
5734:Comparison
5729:Influences
5711:Comparison
5594:Bhavacakra
5552:Kushinagar
5527:Pilgrimage
5473:Māgha Pūjā
5428:Bodhi Tree
5244:Buddhology
5234:Abhidharma
5226:Philosophy
5159:Menander I
5027:Costa Rica
4978:Uzbekistan
4819:Bangladesh
4773:Dhammapada
4757:Pali Canon
4719:Ajahn Chah
4699:Dalai Lama
4599:Kumārajīva
4594:Vasubandhu
4569:The Buddha
4477:Zen master
4412:Sakadagami
4392:Buddhahood
4323:Pratimokṣa
4138:Shikantaza
4094:Meditation
4069:Deity yoga
3940:Madhyamaka
3833:Deva realm
3728:Mindstream
3678:Bodhicitta
3590:Aṅgulimāla
3457:Devadatta
3433:Yaśodharā
3336:The Buddha
3326:Middle Way
3086:2022-12-03
2949:2022-12-08
2827:23 October
2691:"Precepts"
2628:2022-12-08
2492:Thera 2013
2399:Sakya 2011
2340:Irons 2008
2323:References
1907:and other
1905:deity yoga
1823:2.22.3-4.
1734:media help
1657:and so on.
1627:Vajradhara
1590:Longchenpa
1567:dharmakaya
1544:Dharmakaya
1388:phenomenon
1320:Pāli Canon
1226:, and the
1188:Triple Gem
945:Traditions
882:Pilgrimage
822:Meditation
782:Post-canon
762:Pāli Canon
692:Middle Way
589:The Buddha
491:Vietnamese
403:Indonesian
340:रत्नत्रय (
332:त्रिरत्न (
283:Vietnamese
122:Indonesian
6286:Monastics
6223:3 Refuges
6213:Offerings
6195:Practices
6151:Wikiquote
6087:footprint
6022:Bodh Gaya
6001:Yaśodharā
5954:Disciples
5834:Festivals
5814:Buddhists
5776:Theosophy
5579:Symbolism
5569:Hama yumi
5542:Bodh Gaya
5309:Socialism
5284:Evolution
5259:Economics
5097:Venezuela
5012:Australia
5007:Argentina
4931:Sri Lanka
4926:Singapore
4844:Indonesia
4806:Countries
4747:Tripiṭaka
4709:Ajahn Mun
4584:Nagarjuna
4579:Aśvaghoṣa
4462:Anagārika
4457:Śrāmaṇerī
4452:Śrāmaṇera
4447:Bhikkhunī
4407:Sotāpanna
4296:Passaddhi
4237:Offerings
4212:Nekkhamma
4089:Iddhipada
4009:Practices
3979:Theravada
3952:Vajrayana
3945:Yogachara
3915:Pure Land
3828:Six Paths
3815:Cosmology
3595:Anuruddha
3570:Sāriputta
3560:Kaundinya
3552:Disciples
3527:Vajrapāṇi
3379:Footprint
3344:Tathāgata
2932:: 106–140
2552:Getz 2004
2528:Anon 2020
2328:Citations
2316:Pure land
2310:Jingxiang
2254:Amaravati
2170:, over a
2168:triratana
2166:within a
2164:Shrivatsa
2082:nandipada
1961:tri-ratna
1943:ti-ratana
1913:Vajrayana
1655:Manjushri
1651:Vajrapani
1631:Vairocana
1559:cessation
1536:asamskrta
1479:tradition
1475:authority
1467:. In the
1465:reasoning
1457:Theravada
1441:offerings
1328:laypeople
1256:In 1880,
1247:Vajrayana
1239:Theravada
1212:tri-ratna
1200:ti-ratana
1092:Sri Lanka
1082:Singapore
1037:Indonesia
977:Vajrayāna
952:Theravāda
907:Awakening
795:Practices
752:Tripiṭaka
722:Cosmology
697:Emptiness
677:Suffering
360:tiratana,
170:(saranak)
88:(tharana)
6291:Uposatha
6284:Support
6228:Chanting
6121:Hinduism
6057:Prophecy
6047:Birthday
6042:Miracles
5922:Buddhism
5852:Category
5781:Violence
5751:Hinduism
5699:Sanskrit
5654:Hinayana
5639:Amitābha
5599:Swastika
5468:Uposatha
5458:Holidays
5443:Calendar
5289:Humanism
5127:Kanishka
5117:Timeline
4941:Thailand
4909:Kalmykia
4904:Buryatia
4889:Pakistan
4874:Mongolia
4869:Maldives
4864:Malaysia
4829:Cambodia
4694:Shamarpa
4689:Nichiren
4639:Xuanzang
4574:Nagasena
4492:Rinpoche
4222:Pāramitā
4064:Devotion
3984:Navayana
3972:Dzogchen
3935:Nichiren
3883:Mahayana
3875:Branches
3753:Saṅkhāra
3502:Mañjuśrī
3459:(cousin)
3451:(cousin)
3419:(mother)
3411:(father)
3399:Miracles
3349:Birthday
3266:Glossary
3239:Buddhism
3152:(2012),
3000:archived
2972:citation
2964:archived
2821:archived
2713:archived
2643:(2013),
2387:Ray 2004
2292:Anussati
2274:See also
2236:Kunindas
2200:Gandhara
2038:and the
1973:Buddhist
1955:Sanskrit
1933:Triratna
1890:triratna
1827:Precepts
1817:Rig Veda
1677:Triratna
1673:Varanasi
1643:Tipitaka
1623:Amitabha
1540:anabhoga
1503:Mahayana
1461:Mahayana
1396:saṅkhāra
1370:monastic
1340:devotees
1282:Triratna
1272:Overview
1243:Mahayana
1208:Sanskrit
1172:Buddhism
1102:Thailand
1062:Mongolia
1057:Malaysia
1022:Cambodia
987:Navayana
967:Hinayana
962:Mahāyāna
872:Lay life
702:Morality
682:Not-self
640:Concepts
599:Councils
584:Timeline
556:Glossary
538:Buddhism
530:a series
528:Part of
417:Japanese
335:triratna
326:Sanskrit
244:Baybayin
136:Japanese
30:Sanskrit
6141:Commons
6018:Lumbini
5947:Sayings
5829:Temples
5809:Buddhas
5771:Science
5761:Judaism
5756:Jainism
5674:Lineage
5634:Abhijñā
5604:Thangka
5547:Sarnath
5532:Lumbini
5453:Funeral
5448:Cuisine
5324:Culture
5299:Reality
5249:Creator
5239:Atomism
5109:History
5082:Ukraine
5042:Germany
4961:Senegal
4951:Vietnam
4879:Myanmar
4679:Shinran
4669:Karmapa
4644:Shandao
4614:Dignāga
4539:Śrāvaka
4519:Donchee
4514:Kappiya
4472:Sayadaw
4442:Bhikkhu
4417:Anāgāmi
4374:Nirvana
4340:Samadhi
4227:Paritta
4168:Tonglen
4163:Mandala
4118:Smarana
4099:Mantras
4047:Upekkha
4017:Bhavana
3967:Shingon
3920:Tiantai
3773:Tathātā
3763:Śūnyatā
3758:Skandha
3748:Saṃsāra
3743:Rebirth
3718:Kleshas
3708:Indriya
3610:Subhūti
3495:Guanyin
3449:Ānanda
3441:Rāhula
3321:Nirvana
3261:Outline
2884:Cengage
2298:Bhāvanā
2286:Abhijñā
2280:Awgatha
2220:Azes II
2133:Gallery
2117:of the
2028:trisula
2024:trident
1971:) is a
1909:tantric
1894:trikaya
1669:Sarnath
1511:trikaya
1112:Vietnam
1067:Myanmar
982:Tibetan
972:Chinese
900:Nirvāṇa
717:Saṃsāra
712:Rebirth
577:History
566:Outline
498:tam bảo
451:Tibetan
443:(sambo)
386:Chinese
370:Burmese
314:English
269::
238:salanam
232:Tagalog
204:Sinhala
96:Chinese
80:Burmese
58:Bengali
6275:Giving
6077:Cetiya
6072:Relics
6013:Places
6006:Rāhula
5981:Family
5824:Sutras
5819:Suttas
5684:Siddhi
5669:Koliya
5644:Brahmā
5559:Poetry
5505:Mantra
5495:Kasaya
5367:Pagoda
5347:Kyaung
5342:Vihāra
5337:Temple
5279:Ethics
5122:Ashoka
5072:Sweden
5067:Poland
5062:Norway
5052:Mexico
5037:France
5022:Canada
5017:Brazil
4956:Africa
4936:Taiwan
4899:Russia
4824:Bhutan
4784:Vinaya
4664:Naropa
4654:Saraha
4589:Asanga
4345:Prajñā
4254:Refuge
4217:Nianfo
4178:Tertön
4173:Tantra
4158:Ganana
4148:Tukdam
4074:Dhyāna
4042:Mudita
4037:Karuṇā
3930:Risshū
3925:Huayan
3858:Naraka
3798:Anattā
3793:Dukkha
3788:Anicca
3693:Dharma
3645:Channa
3580:Ānanda
3565:Assaji
3532:Skanda
3435:(wife)
3404:Family
3384:Relics
3309:Sangha
3304:Dharma
3299:Buddha
3180:Refuge
3138:
3068:
3046:
3023:
2909:
2890:
2867:
2848:
2798:
2775:
2756:
2733:
2705:
2678:
2655:
2176:Sanchi
2111:stupas
2107:Punjab
2087:Hindus
2063:Sanchi
2059:frieze
2040:Sangha
2036:Dhamma
2034:, the
2032:Buddha
1992:Sangha
1990:, the
1988:Dhamma
1986:, the
1984:Buddha
1976:symbol
1898:Buddha
1886:Secret
1884:, and
1685:Mumbai
1606:sutras
1598:buddha
1574:Sangha
1555:Dharma
1532:Buddha
1408:anicca
1368:, the
1366:Sangha
1359:Dharma
1348:Buddha
1322:, the
1237:, all
1228:Sangha
1224:Dharma
1222:, the
1220:Buddha
1176:refuge
1097:Taiwan
1077:Russia
1017:Brazil
1012:Bhutan
932:Buddha
852:Wisdom
635:Dharma
434:Korean
249:ᜐᜀᜎᜀᜈᜀ
178:Korean
148:Rōmaji
108:Pinyin
71:shôrôn
50:saraṇa
24:refuge
6280:Study
6263:Other
6111:Films
6082:tooth
6067:Death
6052:Modak
5796:Lists
5664:Kalpa
5659:Iddhi
5522:Music
5517:Mudra
5483:Vassa
5463:Vesak
5433:Budai
5379:Candi
5362:Stupa
5294:Logic
5047:Italy
4946:Tibet
4884:Nepal
4854:Korea
4849:Japan
4839:India
4834:China
4779:Sutra
4734:Texts
4684:Dōgen
4674:Hōnen
4659:Atiśa
4624:Zhiyi
4534:Achar
4502:Tulku
4497:Geshe
4482:Rōshi
4467:Ajahn
4422:Arhat
4382:Bodhi
4352:Vīrya
4269:Sacca
4264:Satya
4259:Sādhu
4247:Music
4190:Merit
4183:Terma
4143:Zazen
4079:Faith
4032:Mettā
3713:Karma
3673:Bardo
3640:Asita
3630:Khema
3620:Upāli
3605:Nanda
3443:(son)
3417:Māyā
3394:Films
3271:Index
2240:stupa
2218:king
2093:Coins
2067:stupa
2026:, or
2010:vajra
2003:lotus
1896:of a
1882:Inner
1878:Outer
1563:jñana
1548:jñana
1453:Faith
1420:devās
1379:devās
1294:Uttar
1107:Tibet
1047:Korea
1042:Japan
1032:India
1027:China
992:Newar
917:Arhat
707:Karma
561:Index
289:quy y
218:Tamil
195:gwiui
162:Khmer
113:guīyī
6218:Bows
6208:Puja
5986:Maya
5694:Pāḷi
5679:Māra
5589:Flag
4990:Iran
4914:Tuva
4859:Laos
4487:Lama
4335:Śīla
4303:Śīla
4291:Pīti
4281:Sati
4232:Puja
4153:Koan
4059:Dāna
3650:Yasa
3537:Tārā
3136:ISBN
3066:ISBN
3044:ISBN
3021:ISBN
2978:link
2907:ISBN
2888:ISBN
2865:ISBN
2846:ISBN
2829:2007
2796:ISBN
2773:ISBN
2754:ISBN
2731:ISBN
2703:ISBN
2676:ISBN
2653:ISBN
1937:Pali
1931:The
1743:Pali
1629:and
1572:The
1553:The
1530:The
1459:and
1404:Pali
1392:Pali
1364:The
1357:The
1346:The
1260:and
1196:Pali
1052:Laos
957:Pāli
470:Thai
354:Pali
267:RTGS
258:Thai
168:សរណៈ
44:Pali
5416:Art
5352:Wat
3888:Zen
3106:doi
2015:An
1994:).
1965:or
1947:or
1872:In
1683:in
1513:).
1501:In
1477:or
1296:or
1214:or
1202:or
1190:or
1178:or
1170:In
153:kie
86:သရဏ
64:শরন
6313::
6028:,
6024:,
6020:,
4918:ru
3134:,
3130:,
3102:42
3100:,
3079:,
3042:,
3019:,
2998:,
2994:,
2990:,
2974:}}
2970:{{
2942:,
2928:,
2924:,
2886:,
2819:,
2794:,
2752:,
2729:,
2725:,
2711:,
2701:,
2674:,
2670:,
2651:,
2639:;
2620:,
2448:^
2421:^
2406:^
2377:^
2362:^
2347:^
2089:.
2054:.
2022:A
2001:A
1957::
1953:;
1939::
1900:.
1880:,
1745::
1671:,
1653:,
1649:,
1625:,
1613:,
1592::
1542:)
1406::
1394::
1338:,
1304:,
1300:,
1253:.
1210::
1206:;
1198::
1194:,
1174:,
1087:US
532:on
460:,
441:삼보
424:三宝
393:三宝
338:),
246::
192::
190:RR
184:귀의
150::
142:帰依
110::
102:皈依
6185:e
6178:t
6171:v
5912:)
5908:(
5898:e
5891:t
5884:v
4920:)
4916:(
4134:)
4130:(
3225:e
3218:t
3211:v
3159:.
3145:.
3120:.
3113:.
3108::
3090:.
3053:.
3030:.
3004:.
2982:.
2980:)
2934:.
2930:6
2916:.
2897:.
2874:.
2855:.
2833:.
2805:.
2782:.
2763:.
2740:.
2717:.
2685:.
2662:.
2632:.
2590:.
2566:.
2530:.
2494:.
2202:.
2042:.
2019:.
2012:.
1935:(
1736:.
1687:.
1569:.
1522:(
1402:(
1390:(
1354:)
1330:.
1159:e
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198:)
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