200:) had the potential to develop into a new kind of regenerative therapy. Explaining the new class of therapies that such cells could enable, he used the term "regenerative medicine" in the way that it is used today: "an approach to therapy that ... employs human genes, proteins and cells to re-grow, restore or provide mechanical replacements for tissues that have been injured by trauma, damaged by disease or worn by time" and "offers the prospect of curing diseases that cannot be treated effectively today, including those related to aging".
204:
stem cell therapies, gene therapy, tissue engineering, genomic medicine, personalized medicine, biomechanical prosthetics, recombinant proteins, and antibody treatments. It also includes more familiar chemical pharmacopeia—in short, any intervention that restores a person to normal health. In addition to functioning as shorthand for a wide range of technologies and treatments, the term "regenerative medicine" is also patient friendly. It solves the problem that confusing or intimidating language discourages patients.
261:, using an adaptive method originally devised for treating osteoarthritis. The team then seeded the newly grown chondrocytes, as well as epithelial cells, into a decellularised (free of donor cells) tracheal segment that was donated from a 51-year-old transplant donor who had died of cerebral hemorrhage. After four days of seeding, the graft was used to replace the patient's left main bronchus. After one month, a biopsy elicited local bleeding, indicating that the blood vessels had already grown back successfully.
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172:(usually lambs or calves) into his patients in an attempt to rejuvenate them. In 1956, a more sophisticated process was created to treat leukemia by inserting bone marrow from a healthy person into a patient with leukemia. This process worked mostly due to both the donor and receiver in this case being identical twins. Nowadays, bone marrow can be taken from people who are similar enough to the patient who needs the cells to prevent rejection.
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242:. The peer-reviewed journal facilitated discourse around regenerative medicine by publishing innovative research on stem cell therapies, gene therapies, tissue engineering, and biomechanical prosthetics. The Society for Regenerative Medicine, later renamed the Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology Society, served a similar purpose, creating a community of like-minded experts from around the world.
168:
century further pushed the theory that body parts could regenerate and grow new cells. These advances led to tissue engineering, and from this field, the study of regenerative medicine expanded and began to take hold. This began with cellular therapy, which led to the stem cell research that is widely being conducted today.
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A person's baby teeth are known to contain stem cells that can be used for regeneration of the dental pulp after a root canal treatment or injury. These cells can also be used to repair damage from periodontitis, an advanced form of gum disease that causes bone loss and severe gum recession. Research
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Animal studies conducted on mice in Japan in 2007 show great possibilities in regenerating an entire tooth. Some mice had a tooth extracted and the cells from bioengineered tooth germs were implanted into them and allowed to grow. The result were perfectly functioning and healthy teeth, complete with
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Widespread interest and funding for research on regenerative medicine has prompted institutions in the United States and around the world to establish departments and research institutes that specialize in regenerative medicine including: The
Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine at
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The term was brought into the popular culture in 1999 by
William A. Haseltine when he coined the term during a conference on Lake Como, to describe interventions that restore to normal function that which is damaged by disease, injured by trauma, or worn by time. Haseltine was briefed on the project
175:
The term "regenerative medicine" was first used in a 1992 article on hospital administration by Leland Kaiser. Kaiser's paper closes with a series of short paragraphs on future technologies that will impact hospitals. One paragraph had "Regenerative
Medicine" as a bold print title and stated, "A new
167:
The ancient Greeks postulated whether parts of the body could be regenerated in the 700s BC. Skin grafting, invented in the late 19th century, can be thought of as the earliest major attempt to recreate bodily tissue to restore structure and function. Advances in transplanting body parts in the 20th
203:
Later, Haseltine would go on to explain that regenerative medicine acknowledges the reality that most people, regardless of which illness they have or which treatment they require, simply want to be restored to normal health. Designed to be applied broadly, the original definition includes cell and
41:
deals with the "process of replacing, engineering or regenerating human or animal cells, tissues or organs to restore or establish normal function". This field holds the promise of engineering damaged tissues and organs by stimulating the body's own repair mechanisms to functionally heal previously
171:
The first cell therapies were intended to slow the aging process. This began in the 1930s with Paul
Niehans, a Swiss doctor who was known to have treated famous historical figures such as Pope Pius XII, Charlie Chaplin, and king Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia. Niehans would inject cells of young animals
357:
Regenerative medicine has been studied by dentists to find ways that damaged teeth can be repaired and restored to obtain natural structure and function. Dental tissues are often damaged due to tooth decay, and are often deemed to be irreplaceable except by synthetic or metal dental fillings or
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is still being done to see if these stem cells are viable enough to grow into completely new teeth. Some parents even opt to keep their children's baby teeth in special storage with the thought that, when older, the children could use the stem cells within them to treat a condition.
455:, which can differentiate into any type of tissue). Cord blood has been studied as a treatment for diabetes. However, apart from blood disorders, the use of cord blood for other diseases is not a routine clinical modality and remains a major challenge for the stem cell community.
45:
Regenerative medicine also includes the possibility of growing tissues and organs in the laboratory and implanting them when the body cannot heal itself. When the cell source for a regenerated organ is derived from the patient's own tissue or cells, the challenge of organ
369:
all three layers, as well as roots. These teeth also had the necessary ligaments to stay rooted in its socket and allow for natural shifting. They contrast with traditional dental implants, which are restricted to one spot as they are drilled into the jawbone.
470:(MSC), and as of 2015 had been studied in vitro, in animal models, and in early stage clinical trials for cardiovascular diseases, as well as neurological deficits, liver diseases, immune system diseases, diabetes, lung injury, kidney injury, and leukemia.
1975:
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Dr. Paul
Niehans was a former physician of Pope Paul XII, among others. A surgeon who performed more than 50,000 operations in 40 years, he developed his own rejuvenation treatment by injecting humans with the foetus of unborn lambs and other
207:
The term regenerative medicine is increasingly conflated with research on stem cell therapies. Some academic programs and departments retain the original broader definition while others use it to describe work on stem cell research.
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was launched, with its stated aim as "the application of regenerative medicine – defined to include the repair of living cells and extracellular material in situ – to the diseases and disabilities of ageing". In 2012, Professor
276:
On
September 12, 2014, surgeons at the Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital in Kobe, Japan, transplanted a 1.3 by 3.0 millimeter sheet of retinal pigment epithelium cells, which were differentiated from
257:, performed the first tissue engineered trachea (wind pipe) transplantation. Adult stem cells were extracted from the patient's bone marrow, grown into a large population, and matured into cartilage cells, or
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beyond blood and immunological disorders is speculative, some research has been done in other areas. Any such potential beyond blood and immunological uses is limited by the fact that cord cells are
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Walther, Mary
Margaret (2009). "Chapter 39. Cord Blood Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation". In Appelbaum, Frederick R.; Forman, Stephen J.; Negrin, Robert S.; Blume, Karl G. (eds.).
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that claims to have the ability to regrow dentin, the second layer of the tooth beneath the enamel which encases and protects the pulp (often referred to as the nerve).
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branch of medicine will develop that attempts to change the course of chronic disease and in many instances will regenerate tired and failing organ systems."
136:
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Li, T; Xia, M; Gao, Y; Chen, Y; Xu, Y (2015). "Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: an overview of their potential in cell-based therapy".
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Haseltine, William A (2011-07-01). "Interview: Commercial translation of cell-based therapies and regenerative medicine: learning by experience".
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via immunological mismatch is circumvented. This approach could alleviate the problem of the shortage of organs available for donation.
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325:, the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, and the British Heart Foundation Centers of Regenerative Medicine at the
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2612:, "A Shot at Regeneration: A once abandoned drug compound shows an ability to rebuild organs damaged by illness and injury",
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crowns, which requires further damage to be done to the teeth by drilling into them to prevent the loss of an entire tooth.
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and his team improved upon the 2008 implant by transplanting a laboratory-made trachea seeded with the patient's own cells.
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by biologically active molecules administered alone or as a secretion by infused cells (immunomodulation therapy); and
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2334:"Neuromuscular Regeneration: Perspective on the Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Secretion Products"
2215:"Alaska's seafood industry by the numbers, plus fish skin's medical applications and antibiotics in Chilean salmon"
1791:"Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tsinghua University"
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Hsueh, Ming-Feng; Ă–nnerfjord, Patrik; Bolognesi, Michael P.; Easley, Mark E.; Kraus, Virginia B. (October 2019).
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that led to the first isolation of human embryonic stem and human embryonic germ cells, respectively.
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626:"UM Leads in the Field of Regenerative Medicine: Moving from Treatments to Cures - Healthcanal.com"
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Some of the biomedical approaches within the field of regenerative medicine may involve the use of
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419:, and the fish skin material acts as a scaffold for cell regeneration. In 2016 their product
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2481:"Analysis of "old" proteins unmasks dynamic gradient of cartilage turnover in human limbs"
2385:"Impact of umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells on cardiovascular research"
8:
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1695:"CRN Origins and Mission | Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine, Northwestern University"
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834:"Advances in signaling in vertebrate regeneration as a prelude to regenerative medicine"
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1846:"Dental Pulp Stem Cells: An Attractive Alternative for Cell Therapy in Ischemic Stroke"
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Lan, Xiaoyan; Sun, Zhengwu; Chu, Chengyan; Boltze, Johannes; Li, Shen (2 August 2019).
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1951:"Teeth That Repair Themselves – Study Finds Success With Natural Tooth Repair Method"
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2172:"Taking back control of fishing could be an enormous growth opportunity for Britain"
2074:"Extracellular matrix hydrogels from decellularized tissues: Structure and function"
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Mason, Chris; Dunnill, Peter (2008). "A brief definition of regenerative medicine".
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in Sweden due to falsified test results and lies. The TV-show
Experimenten aired on
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for the treatment of chronic wounds and burns. In 2021 the FDA gave approval for
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Sampogna, Gianluca; Guraya, Salman Yousuf; Forgione, Atonello (September 2015).
939:"The Use of Skin Grafting for the Treatment of Burn Wounds in Denmark 1870-1960"
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Sampogna, Gianluca; Guraya, Salman Yousuf; Forgione, Antonello (2015-09-01).
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A diagram of a human tooth. Stem cells are located in the pulp in the center.
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1767:"Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences"
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Liberation Biology: The Scientific and Moral Case for the Biotech Revolution
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Placzek, Mark R; Chung, I-Ming; Macedo, Hugo M; et al. (March 2009).
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2123:"Extracellular matrix bioscaffolds in tissue remodeling and morphogenesis"
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641:"Stem cells application in regenerative medicine and disease threpeutics"
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329:. In China, institutes dedicated to regenerative medicine are run by the
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1599:"'Superstar doctor' fired from Swedish institute over research 'lies'"
1463:"Tissue-Engineered Trachea Transplant Is Adult Stem Cell Breakthrough"
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238:, M.D., Michael D. West, Ph.D., and other leading researchers founded
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2257:
Thomas' hematopoietic cell transplantation stem cell transplantation
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stem cells (which can differentiate only into blood cells), and not
396:; as of January 2017 clinical studies were under way to use them in
102:
3622:
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2753:
2545:"Humans Have Salamander-Like Ability to Regrow Cartilage in Joints"
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2628:
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1488:"Regenerative Medicine Success Story: A Tissue-Engineered Trachea"
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Researchers from King's College London have created a drug called
180:
to isolate human embryonic stem cells and embryonic germ cells at
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2915:
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1905:"Innovative approaches to regenerate teeth by tissue engineering"
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to be used in surgical applications including plastic surgery.
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Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
1365:"Bloomberg Longevity Economy Conference 2013 Panelist Bio"
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The Emergence of Tissue Engineering as a Research Field
2674:"Stem cell bioprocessing: fundamentals and principles"
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2235:"FDA Approves Kerecis' Implantable Fish-Skin Product"
1535:"Surgeons Implant Synthetic Trachea In Baltimore Man"
403:
The use of fish skin with its natural constituent of
384:
materials are commercially available and are used in
2631:"Engineering tissue from human embryonic stem cells"
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Stoick-Cooper CL; Moon RT; Weidinger G (June 2007).
285:, into an eye of an elderly woman, who suffers from
192:. He recognized that these cells' unique ability to
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1177:. Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation, 2003.
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1976:"Japanese scientists grow teeth from single cells"
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321:, the Center for Regenerative and Nanomedicine at
215:, PhD, organized and managed the research between
27:Field of medicine involved in regenerating tissues
1247:
304:and detailed all the lies and falsified results.
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1383:"E-Biomed: The Journal of Regenerative Medicine"
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117:, potentially preventing the article from being
3692:Strategies for engineered negligible senescence
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1223:E-biomed: The Journal of Regenerative Medicine
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1136:Lysaght MJ; Crager J (July 2009). "Origins".
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1655:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
875:Birth Defects Research. Part C, Embryo Today
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1630:Sweden, Sveriges Television AB, Stockholm.
196:into all the cell types of the human body (
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3027:Reproductive endocrinology and infertility
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2635:Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
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137:reliable, independent, third-party sources
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155:Learn how and when to remove this message
1949:King's College London (March 10, 2020).
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1313:Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure
981:Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure
543:, Canadian regenerative medicine company
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131:by replacing them with more appropriate
29:
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2000:
691:"Regenerative Medicine. NIH Fact sheet"
400:to try to repair damaged heart tissue.
376:
114:too closely associated with the subject
14:
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3812:Differential technological development
2678:Journal of the Royal Society Interface
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2019:
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3618:Aldehyde-stabilized cryopreservation
3506:
3267:Physical medicine and rehabilitation
2438:Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
2003:"Researchers Grow New Teeth in Mice"
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57:. Examples include the injection of
3901:Future-oriented technology analysis
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2170:Hannan, Daniel (October 25, 2020).
793:Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine
24:
3403:Medical Scientist Training Program
2555:
2048:"Repairing Teeth using Stem Cells"
2001:Normile, Dennis (August 3, 2009).
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756:"Regenerative medicine glossary".
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912:"What is Regenerative Medicine?"
696:. September 2006. Archived from
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190:Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
112:may rely excessively on sources
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1412:
1375:
1357:
1300:
1241:
1195:
1180:
1164:
1129:
1111:Topics in Health Care Financing
1102:
1072:
1047:
1017:
968:
930:
344:
339:Chinese University of Hong Kong
225:University of Wisconsin–Madison
219:and its academic collaborators
186:University of Wisconsin–Madison
42:irreparable tissues or organs.
3393:Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
2827:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
2020:Childs, Dan (April 13, 2009).
1723:Wake Forest School of Medicine
1533:Fountain, Henry (2012-01-12).
1248:Mao AS, Mooney DJ (Nov 2015).
866:
825:
784:
749:
714:
683:
632:
618:
575:
13:
1:
3928:Technology in science fiction
2561:Non-technical further reading
2450:10.1517/14712598.2015.1051528
2390:BioMed Research International
764:(4 Suppl): S1–88. July 2009.
568:
496:Induced pluripotent stem cell
434:
3373:Bachelor of Medical Sciences
3140:Neurosurgical anesthesiology
2752:
2301:10.1016/j.exphem.2008.01.009
2090:10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.068
943:Dansk Medicinhistorisk Arbog
7:
937:Rahlf, Sidsel Hald (2009).
801:10.1007/978-1-59745-060-7_5
473:
407:, has been developed by an
331:Chinese Academy of Sciences
307:
10:
4010:
3933:Technology readiness level
3869:Technological unemployment
2052:News Medical Life Sciences
1325:10.1016/j.jmau.2015.05.002
1235:10.1089/152489001753309652
1210:. Vol. 8, no. 1.
1138:Tissue Engineering. Part A
993:10.1016/j.jmau.2015.05.002
234:In March 2000, Haseltine,
92:
85:grown organs and tissues (
3951:
3916:Technological singularity
3876:Technological convergence
3794:
3596:
3589:
3491:
3413:
3351:
3112:
3040:
2995:
2904:
2775:
2760:
2623:Technical further reading
1568:10.1038/nature.2014.15915
1150:10.1089/ten.tea.2007.0412
3989:Regenerative biomedicine
3611:Microgravity bioprinting
3327:Transplantation medicine
3218:Clinical neurophysiology
3135:Obstetric anesthesiology
3055:Interventional radiology
2815:Digestive system surgery
2338:Stem Cells International
1909:Archives of Oral Biology
1863:10.3389/fneur.2019.00824
1254:Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
918:. University of Nebraska
531:Regenerative endodontics
283:directed differentiation
249:de Barcelona, Professor
229:Johns Hopkins University
67:directed differentiation
3881:Technological evolution
3854:Exploratory engineering
3782:Whole genome sequencing
3198:Intensive care medicine
3172:Mass gathering medicine
3017:Maternal–fetal medicine
2579:Mayo Clinic Proceedings
1795:www.sps.tsinghua.edu.cn
1275:10.1073/pnas.1508520112
838:Genes & Development
516:Osteoarthritis#Research
458:Along with cord blood,
415:. Omega 3 is a natural
323:Northwestern University
255:University of Barcelona
3891:Technology forecasting
3886:Technological paradigm
3859:Proactionary principle
3743:Robot-assisted surgery
2790:Cardiothoracic surgery
2690:10.1098/rsif.2008.0442
2505:10.1126/sciadv.aax3203
2200:Bloomberg Businessweek
2127:Developmental Dynamics
1850:Frontiers in Neurology
1515:. sens.org. 2009-01-03
1054:Milton, Joyce (1998).
735:10.2217/17460751.3.1.1
596:10.2217/17460751.3.1.1
526:Regeneration in humans
468:mesenchymal stem cells
386:reconstructive surgery
354:
35:
3817:Disruptive innovation
3726:Regenerative medicine
3721:Personalized medicine
3583:Emerging technologies
3441:Personalized medicine
3300:Reproductive medicine
3225:Occupational medicine
3179:Evolutionary medicine
2567:Regenerative Medicine
1421:Regenerative Medicine
758:Regenerative Medicine
723:Regenerative Medicine
584:Regenerative Medicine
352:
298:Karolinska University
253:and his team, of the
245:In June 2008, at the
227:and John Gearhart of
39:Regenerative medicine
33:
18:Regenerative Medicine
3864:Technological change
3807:Collingridge dilemma
3461:Traditional medicine
3421:Alternative medicine
3288:Addiction psychiatry
3102:Transfusion medicine
3097:Medical microbiology
3012:Gynecologic oncology
2864:Reproductive surgery
2351:10.1155/2016/9756973
2220:Anchorage Daily News
1699:crn.northwestern.edu
1187:Bailey, Ron (2005).
658:10.1155/2016/6940283
552:Stem cell treatments
536:Rejuvenation (aging)
453:embryonic stem cells
451:stem cells (such as
423:was approved by the
394:orthopedic surgeries
382:Extracellular matrix
377:Extracellular matrix
327:University of Oxford
73:); the induction of
48:transplant rejection
3921:Technology scouting
3896:Accelerating change
3665:Genetic engineering
3483:History of medicine
3466:Veterinary medicine
3273:Preventive medicine
3125:Adolescent medicine
2967:Infectious diseases
2615:Scientific American
2497:2019SciA....5R3203H
2404:10.1155/2015/975302
2177:The Daily Telegraph
1982:. February 20, 2007
1771:english.gibh.cas.cn
1266:2015PNAS..11214452M
1191:. Prometheus Books.
1084:Home.cancerresearch
1031:. September 4, 1971
851:10.1101/gad.1540507
335:Tsinghua University
319:Stanford University
315:Columbia University
3994:Tissue engineering
3938:Technology roadmap
3758:Synthetic genomics
3748:Relational biology
3736:Tissue engineering
3660:Generative biology
3431:Molecular oncology
3388:Doctor of Medicine
3378:Master of Medicine
3295:Radiation oncology
3167:Emergency medicine
3120:Addiction medicine
3087:Clinical chemistry
3082:Clinical pathology
2874:Transplant surgery
2832:Orthopedic surgery
2810:Colorectal surgery
2139:10.1002/dvdy.24379
2078:Acta Biomaterialia
1539:The New York Times
1090:on 2 February 2020
1029:The New York Times
887:10.1002/bdrc.20137
562:Tooth regeneration
355:
302:Swedish Television
211:From 1995 to 1998
87:tissue engineering
36:
3971:
3970:
3790:
3789:
3753:Synthetic biology
3731:Stem-cell therapy
3714:engineered uterus
3628:Artificial organs
3549:
3548:
3383:Master of Surgery
3347:
3346:
3332:Tropical medicine
3278:Prison healthcare
3193:Hospital medicine
3157:Disaster medicine
3147:Aviation medicine
2962:Hospital medicine
2869:Surgical oncology
2854:Pediatric surgery
2848:
2795:Endocrine surgery
1513:"Sens Foundation"
1433:10.2217/rme.11.40
1058:. HarperCollins.
810:978-1-58829-797-6
770:10.2217/rme.09.s1
639:Mahla RS (2016).
511:Neuroregeneration
417:anti-inflammatory
294:Paolo Macchiarini
271:Paolo Macchiarini
251:Paolo Macchiarini
217:Geron Corporation
182:Geron Corporation
165:
164:
157:
65:obtained through
16:(Redirected from
4001:
3959:
3958:
3906:Horizon scanning
3822:Ephemeralization
3650:Brain transplant
3594:
3593:
3576:
3569:
3562:
3553:
3552:
3539:
3538:
3529:
3519:
3518:
3509:
3508:
3499:
3498:
3203:Medical genetics
3188:General practice
3065:Nuclear medicine
2940:Gastroenterology
2896:Vascular surgery
2846:
2773:
2772:
2747:
2740:
2733:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2709:
2668:
2658:
2602:
2591:10.4065/78.8.993
2549:
2548:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2524:
2491:(10): eaax3203.
2485:Science Advances
2476:
2470:
2469:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2416:
2406:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2363:
2353:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2312:
2280:
2271:
2270:
2252:
2243:
2242:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2191:
2182:
2181:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2150:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2101:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2017:
2011:
2010:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1972:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1875:
1865:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1806:
1797:. Archived from
1787:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1691:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1654:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1397:. Archived from
1379:
1373:
1372:
1367:. Archived from
1361:
1355:
1354:
1344:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1287:
1277:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1184:
1178:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1038:
1036:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1004:
972:
966:
965:
963:
961:
934:
928:
927:
925:
923:
908:
899:
898:
870:
864:
863:
853:
844:(11): 1292–315.
829:
823:
822:
788:
782:
781:
753:
747:
746:
718:
712:
711:
709:
708:
702:
695:
687:
681:
680:
670:
660:
636:
630:
629:
622:
616:
615:
579:
481:Artificial organ
429:Omega3 Surgibind
341:, among others.
160:
153:
149:
146:
140:
105:
97:
63:progenitor cells
21:
4009:
4008:
4004:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3998:
3974:
3973:
3972:
3967:
3947:
3786:
3775:Oncolytic virus
3677:Head transplant
3585:
3580:
3550:
3545:
3487:
3476:Chief physician
3409:
3354:
3343:
3337:Travel medicine
3322:Sports medicine
3305:Sexual medicine
3245:Palliative care
3240:Pain management
3184:Family medicine
3162:Diving medicine
3108:
3036:
2998:
2991:
2907:
2900:
2859:Plastic surgery
2805:General surgery
2785:Cardiac surgery
2766:
2764:
2756:
2751:
2684:(32): 209–232.
2625:
2585:(8): 993–1003.
2563:
2558:
2556:Further reading
2553:
2552:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2477:
2473:
2444:(9): 1293–306.
2434:
2430:
2381:
2377:
2330:
2326:
2281:
2274:
2267:
2253:
2246:
2239:Iceland Monitor
2233:
2232:
2228:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2203:. 27 June 2017.
2193:
2192:
2185:
2168:
2164:
2119:
2115:
2070:
2066:
2056:
2054:
2044:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2018:
2014:
1999:
1995:
1985:
1983:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1959:
1957:
1947:
1943:
1933:
1931:
1901:
1897:
1842:
1838:
1829:
1827:
1819:administrator.
1817:
1813:
1804:
1802:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1775:
1773:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1751:
1749:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1727:
1725:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1703:
1701:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1679:
1677:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1648:
1647:
1641:
1639:
1628:
1624:
1615:
1613:
1595:
1591:
1556:
1552:
1543:
1541:
1531:
1527:
1518:
1516:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1497:
1495:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1472:
1470:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1417:
1413:
1404:
1402:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1305:
1301:
1260:(47): 14452–9.
1246:
1242:
1219:
1215:
1200:
1196:
1185:
1181:
1169:
1165:
1134:
1130:
1107:
1103:
1093:
1091:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1066:
1052:
1048:
1034:
1032:
1023:
1022:
1018:
973:
969:
959:
957:
935:
931:
921:
919:
910:
909:
902:
871:
867:
830:
826:
811:
789:
785:
755:
754:
750:
719:
715:
706:
704:
700:
693:
689:
688:
684:
637:
633:
624:
623:
619:
580:
576:
571:
566:
476:
460:Wharton's jelly
439:Though uses of
437:
388:, treatment of
379:
347:
310:
296:was fired from
266:SENS Foundation
247:Hospital ClĂnic
213:Michael D. West
161:
150:
144:
141:
126:
106:
95:
79:transplantation
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4007:
3997:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3952:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3924:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3872:
3871:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3850:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3798:
3796:
3792:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3784:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3767:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3739:
3738:
3733:
3723:
3718:
3717:
3716:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3695:
3694:
3687:Life extension
3684:
3682:Isolated brain
3679:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3645:Biofabrication
3642:
3641:
3640:
3635:
3633:Organ printing
3625:
3620:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3606:3D bioprinting
3602:
3600:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3579:
3578:
3571:
3564:
3556:
3547:
3546:
3544:
3543:
3533:
3523:
3513:
3503:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3479:
3478:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3417:
3415:
3414:Related topics
3411:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3405:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3363:Medical school
3359:
3357:
3349:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3317:Sleep medicine
3314:
3313:
3312:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3264:
3259:
3258:
3257:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3221:
3220:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3181:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3137:
3130:Anesthesiology
3127:
3122:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3069:
3068:
3067:
3062:
3060:Neuroradiology
3057:
3046:
3044:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3003:
3001:
2997:Obstetrics and
2993:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2912:
2910:
2902:
2901:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2892:
2891:
2881:
2879:Trauma surgery
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2842:Otolaryngology
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2781:
2779:
2770:
2768:subspecialties
2758:
2757:
2750:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2669:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2619:
2603:
2570:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2536:
2471:
2428:
2375:
2324:
2272:
2265:
2244:
2226:
2206:
2183:
2162:
2113:
2064:
2038:
2012:
1993:
1967:
1941:
1895:
1836:
1811:
1782:
1758:
1747:www.bhf.org.uk
1734:
1710:
1686:
1662:
1632:"Experimenten"
1622:
1589:
1550:
1525:
1504:
1479:
1454:
1427:(4): 431–435.
1411:
1374:
1371:on 2013-08-03.
1356:
1319:(3): 101–107.
1299:
1240:
1213:
1194:
1179:
1163:
1144:(7): 1449–50.
1128:
1101:
1071:
1064:
1046:
1016:
987:(3): 101–107.
967:
929:
900:
865:
824:
809:
783:
748:
713:
682:
631:
617:
573:
572:
570:
567:
565:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
501:Life extension
498:
493:
488:
483:
477:
475:
472:
436:
433:
390:chronic wounds
378:
375:
346:
343:
309:
306:
163:
162:
109:
107:
100:
94:
91:
71:cell therapies
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4006:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3964:
3963:
3954:
3953:
3950:
3944:
3943:Transhumanism
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3870:
3867:
3866:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3829:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3783:
3780:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3759:
3756:
3755:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3728:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3710:
3709:Organ culture
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3671:
3668:
3667:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3655:De-extinction
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3630:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3588:
3584:
3577:
3572:
3570:
3565:
3563:
3558:
3557:
3554:
3542:
3534:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3522:
3514:
3512:
3504:
3502:
3494:
3493:
3490:
3484:
3481:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3446:Public health
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3426:Allied health
3424:
3422:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3412:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3350:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3235:Oral medicine
3233:
3231:
3230:Ophthalmology
3228:
3226:
3223:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3092:Cytopathology
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3070:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3033:
3032:Urogynecology
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2994:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2935:Endocrinology
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2903:
2897:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2748:
2743:
2741:
2736:
2734:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2717:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2641:(3): 709–29.
2640:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2626:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2607:
2606:Kevin Strange
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2546:
2540:
2532:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2475:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2432:
2424:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2391:
2386:
2379:
2371:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2328:
2320:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2295:(6): 710–15.
2294:
2290:
2286:
2279:
2277:
2268:
2266:9781444303537
2262:
2258:
2251:
2249:
2240:
2236:
2230:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2210:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2190:
2188:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2166:
2158:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2133:(3): 351–60.
2132:
2128:
2124:
2117:
2109:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2068:
2053:
2049:
2042:
2027:
2023:
2016:
2008:
2004:
1997:
1981:
1977:
1971:
1956:
1955:SciTech Daily
1952:
1945:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1915:(2): 158–66.
1914:
1910:
1906:
1899:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1840:
1826:
1822:
1815:
1801:on 2016-10-04
1800:
1796:
1792:
1786:
1772:
1768:
1762:
1748:
1744:
1738:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1700:
1696:
1690:
1676:
1672:
1666:
1658:
1652:
1637:
1633:
1626:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1593:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1554:
1540:
1536:
1529:
1514:
1508:
1494:on 2010-06-12
1493:
1489:
1483:
1468:
1464:
1458:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1415:
1401:on 2009-03-01
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1378:
1370:
1366:
1360:
1352:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1303:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1244:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1217:
1209:
1205:
1198:
1190:
1183:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1132:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1105:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1075:
1067:
1061:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1030:
1026:
1020:
1012:
1008:
1003:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
971:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
933:
917:
913:
907:
905:
896:
892:
888:
884:
881:(4): 265–80.
880:
876:
869:
861:
857:
852:
847:
843:
839:
835:
828:
820:
816:
812:
806:
802:
798:
794:
787:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
752:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
717:
703:on 2011-10-26
699:
692:
686:
678:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
650:
646:
642:
635:
628:. 8 May 2014.
627:
621:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
578:
574:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
542:
539:
537:
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
478:
471:
469:
465:
461:
456:
454:
450:
446:
445:hematopoietic
442:
432:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
401:
399:
398:heart surgery
395:
391:
387:
383:
374:
370:
366:
364:
359:
351:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
305:
303:
299:
295:
290:
288:
284:
280:
274:
272:
267:
264:In 2009, the
262:
260:
256:
252:
248:
243:
241:
237:
232:
230:
226:
222:
221:James Thomson
218:
214:
209:
205:
201:
199:
195:
194:differentiate
191:
187:
183:
177:
173:
169:
159:
156:
148:
138:
134:
130:
124:
120:
116:
115:
110:This section
108:
104:
99:
98:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
51:
49:
43:
40:
32:
19:
3960:
3847:Robot ethics
3725:
3699:Nanomedicine
3670:Gene therapy
3451:Rural health
3436:Nanomedicine
2987:Rheumatology
2918: /
2837:Hand surgery
2822:Neurosurgery
2681:
2677:
2638:
2634:
2613:
2610:Viravuth Yin
2582:
2578:
2539:
2488:
2484:
2474:
2441:
2437:
2431:
2394:
2388:
2378:
2341:
2337:
2327:
2292:
2289:Exp. Hematol
2288:
2256:
2238:
2229:
2218:
2209:
2198:
2175:
2165:
2130:
2126:
2116:
2081:
2077:
2067:
2055:. Retrieved
2051:
2041:
2029:. Retrieved
2025:
2015:
2006:
1996:
1984:. Retrieved
1979:
1970:
1958:. Retrieved
1954:
1944:
1932:. Retrieved
1912:
1908:
1898:
1853:
1849:
1839:
1828:. Retrieved
1824:
1814:
1803:. Retrieved
1799:the original
1794:
1785:
1774:. Retrieved
1770:
1761:
1750:. Retrieved
1746:
1737:
1726:. Retrieved
1722:
1713:
1702:. Retrieved
1698:
1689:
1678:. Retrieved
1674:
1665:
1640:. Retrieved
1638:(in Swedish)
1635:
1625:
1614:. Retrieved
1603:The Guardian
1602:
1592:
1559:
1553:
1542:. Retrieved
1538:
1528:
1517:. Retrieved
1507:
1496:. Retrieved
1492:the original
1482:
1471:. Retrieved
1469:. 2008-11-19
1466:
1457:
1424:
1420:
1414:
1403:. Retrieved
1399:the original
1386:
1377:
1369:the original
1359:
1316:
1312:
1302:
1257:
1253:
1243:
1229:(4): 17–23.
1226:
1222:
1216:
1207:
1197:
1188:
1182:
1174:
1166:
1141:
1137:
1131:
1117:(4): 32–45.
1114:
1110:
1104:
1092:. Retrieved
1088:the original
1083:
1074:
1055:
1049:
1040:
1033:. Retrieved
1028:
1019:
984:
980:
970:
958:. Retrieved
946:
942:
932:
920:. Retrieved
915:
878:
874:
868:
841:
837:
827:
792:
786:
761:
757:
751:
726:
722:
716:
705:. Retrieved
698:the original
685:
648:
644:
634:
620:
587:
583:
577:
521:Polyphyodont
457:
438:
428:
421:Omega3 Wound
420:
402:
380:
371:
367:
360:
356:
345:In dentistry
311:
291:
275:
263:
259:chondrocytes
244:
239:
236:Antony Atala
233:
210:
206:
202:
198:pluripotency
178:
174:
170:
166:
151:
145:October 2016
142:
127:Please help
111:
82:
75:regeneration
52:
44:
38:
37:
3911:Moore's law
3842:Neuroethics
3837:Cyberethics
3770:Virotherapy
3704:Nanosensors
3521:Wikiproject
3310:Venereology
3255:Neonatology
3152:Dermatology
3007:Gynaecology
2999:gynaecology
2982:Pulmonology
2800:Eye surgery
2762:Specialties
2344:: 9756973.
1467:Science 2.0
651:(7): 1–24.
486:Biomedicine
464:cord lining
449:pluripotent
392:, and some
3978:Categories
3802:Automation
3598:Biomedical
3283:Psychiatry
3269:(PM&R)
3262:Phlebology
3250:Pediatrics
3077:Anatomical
3042:Diagnostic
3022:Obstetrics
2972:Nephrology
2957:Hematology
2952:Geriatrics
2945:Hepatology
2930:Cardiology
2920:Immunology
2397:: 975302.
1830:2020-02-25
1805:2020-02-25
1776:2020-02-25
1752:2020-02-25
1728:2020-02-25
1704:2020-02-25
1680:2020-02-25
1671:"Research"
1642:2017-10-13
1616:2017-10-13
1544:2012-02-23
1519:2012-02-23
1498:2010-03-19
1473:2010-03-19
1405:2020-02-25
1065:0060170522
949:: 99–116.
729:(1): 1–5.
707:2010-08-16
590:(1): 1–5.
569:References
441:cord blood
435:Cord blood
363:Tideglusib
337:, and the
129:improve it
119:verifiable
59:stem cells
55:stem cells
3832:Bioethics
3765:Tricorder
3471:Physician
3355:education
3213:Neurology
3208:Narcology
3072:Pathology
3050:Radiology
2925:Angiology
2889:Andrology
2698:1742-5689
2513:2375-2548
1890:199022265
1611:0261-3077
1576:0028-0836
1441:1746-0751
1395:1524-8909
1333:2213-879X
604:1746-0751
409:Icelandic
292:In 2016,
279:iPS cells
133:citations
3623:Ampakine
3501:Category
2977:Oncology
2908:medicine
2906:Internal
2754:Medicine
2716:19033137
2665:18194458
2599:12911047
2531:31633025
2466:25619787
2458:26067213
2423:25861654
2370:26880998
2319:18358588
2157:26699796
2108:27915024
2084:: 1–15.
2026:ABC News
1929:24370187
1882:31428038
1651:cite web
1584:86969754
1449:21749201
1387:E-Biomed
1351:30023189
1294:26598661
1158:19327019
1042:animals.
1011:30023189
960:June 27,
955:20509454
895:19067422
860:17545465
819:19089350
778:19604041
743:18154457
677:27516776
612:18154457
541:RepliCel
474:See also
462:and the
413:Kereceis
411:company
308:Research
281:through
83:in vitro
3541:Outline
3511:Commons
3456:Therapy
3353:Medical
2916:Allergy
2884:Urology
2777:Surgery
2707:2659585
2656:2670852
2522:6785252
2493:Bibcode
2414:4377460
2361:4736584
2310:2444031
2148:4755921
2099:5253110
2057:27 June
2031:27 June
2007:Science
1986:27 June
1980:Reuters
1960:27 June
1934:27 June
1873:6689980
1856:: 824.
1342:6014277
1285:4664309
1262:Bibcode
1123:1631884
1094:26 July
1035:27 June
1002:6014277
922:27 June
668:4969512
491:Cloning
405:omega 3
223:at the
123:neutral
93:History
3827:Ethics
3795:Topics
3590:Fields
3531:Portal
3398:MD–PhD
2714:
2704:
2696:
2663:
2653:
2597:
2529:
2519:
2511:
2464:
2456:
2421:
2411:
2368:
2358:
2317:
2307:
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2155:
2145:
2106:
2096:
1927:
1888:
1880:
1870:
1821:"Home"
1636:svt.se
1609:
1582:
1574:
1560:Nature
1447:
1439:
1393:
1349:
1339:
1331:
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1156:
1121:
1062:
1009:
999:
953:
893:
858:
817:
807:
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675:
665:
610:
602:
557:TERMIS
547:SPIONs
3113:Other
2462:S2CID
1886:S2CID
1580:S2CID
1208:Wired
701:(PDF)
694:(PDF)
506:LIN28
3962:List
3638:Womb
2712:PMID
2694:ISSN
2661:PMID
2608:and
2595:PMID
2527:PMID
2509:ISSN
2454:PMID
2419:PMID
2395:2015
2366:PMID
2342:2016
2315:PMID
2261:ISBN
2153:PMID
2104:PMID
2059:2020
2033:2020
1988:2020
1962:2020
1936:2020
1925:PMID
1878:PMID
1657:link
1607:ISSN
1572:ISSN
1445:PMID
1437:ISSN
1391:ISSN
1347:PMID
1329:ISSN
1290:PMID
1154:PMID
1119:PMID
1096:2020
1060:ISBN
1037:2020
1007:PMID
962:2020
951:PMID
924:2020
891:PMID
856:PMID
815:PMID
805:ISBN
774:PMID
739:PMID
673:PMID
649:2016
608:PMID
600:ISSN
188:and
121:and
2847:ENT
2765:and
2702:PMC
2686:doi
2651:PMC
2643:doi
2587:doi
2517:PMC
2501:doi
2446:doi
2409:PMC
2399:doi
2356:PMC
2346:doi
2305:PMC
2297:doi
2143:PMC
2135:doi
2131:245
2094:PMC
2086:doi
1917:doi
1868:PMC
1858:doi
1564:doi
1429:doi
1337:PMC
1321:doi
1280:PMC
1270:doi
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997:PMC
989:doi
883:doi
846:doi
797:doi
766:doi
731:doi
663:PMC
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425:FDA
135:to
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81:of
61:or
3980::
3186:/
2710:.
2700:.
2692:.
2680:.
2676:.
2659:.
2649:.
2639:12
2637:.
2633:.
2593:.
2583:78
2581:.
2577:.
2525:.
2515:.
2507:.
2499:.
2487:.
2483:.
2460:.
2452:.
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