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Religion and geography

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cultural) identities through their own understandings of the religion, and how they externally present their religious adherence (in terms of religious practice, ritual and behaviour). As an overarching theme, the articulation of religious identity is concerned with material aspects of symbolizing religious identity (such as architecture and the establishment of a physical presence), with negotiations and struggles in asserting religious identity in the face of persecution and exclusion and with personal practices of religious ritual and behaviour that re-establishes one's religious identity
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officially religious/spiritual spaces (such as places of worship) to include non-official religious spaces such as homes, schools and even bodies. These works have focused on both material aspects of spaces (such as architectural distinctiveness) and socially constructed spaces (such as rituals and demarcation of sacred spaces) to present religious meaning and significance.
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A key focus in the study of sacred places is the politics of identity, belonging and meaning that are ascribed to sacred sites, and the constant negotiations for power and legitimacy. Particularly in multicultural settings, the contestation for legitimacy, public approval, and negotiations for use of
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Religious experiences and the belief in religious meanings transforms physical spaces into sacred spaces. These perceptions and imaginings influence the way such spaces are used, and the personal, spiritual meanings developed in using such sacred spaces. These religiously significant spaces go beyond
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developed racial justifications for the relationship between regional habitats, climates, and religions around the beginning of the 20th century. Geographical approaches to religion in the past have subsequently studied the intersections between history, place, and religion, condemning and rejecting
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formation and the construction of ethnic identity Geographers studying the negotiations of religious identity within various communities are often concerned with the overt articulation of religious identity, for example, how adherents in different locations establish their distinctive (religious and
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in numerous countries, and the landscape changes that accompany the movement and settlement of communities defined by religion is a key focus in the study of geography and religion. More work needs to be done to examine the intersections and collisions that occur due to the movement of communities
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Traditional cultural geographical approaches to the study of religion mainly seek to determine religion's impact on the landscape. A more contemporary approach to the study of the intersections of geography and religion not only highlights the role of religion in affecting landscape changes and in
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Parts of this article (those related to need to discuss cross-culturally the 'spatial diffusion' of faith-bearing communities in (before, during, and following) exodus and migration, etc. – e.g. Mormons, Israel, – bearing on embedded scriptures and documents and 'group memoray') need to be
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Traditionally, the relationship between geography and religion can clearly be seen by the influences of religion in shaping cosmological understandings of the world. From the 16th and 17th centuries, the study of geography and religion mainly focused on mapping the spread of Christianity
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Another new area of interest in the study of geography and religion explores different sites of religious practice beyond the ‘officially sacred’ – sites such as religious schools, media spaces, banking and financial practices (for example,
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As research on geography and religion has grown, one of the new focuses of geographical research examines the rise of religious fundamentalism, and the resulting impact this has on the geographical contexts in which it develops.
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particular spaces are at the heart of determining how communities understand, internalise and struggle to compete for the right to practice their religious traditions in public spaces.
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assigning sacred meanings to specific places, but also acknowledges how in turn, religious ideology and practice at specific spaces are guided and transformed by their location.
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Other traditional approaches to the study of the relationship between geography and religion involved the theological explorations of the workings of
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who analyzes Muslim population shifts in the Western world and the theological factors that play into these demographic trends.
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Chivallon, Christine (2001). "Religion as Space for the Expression of Caribbean Identity in the United Kingdom".
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Peach, Ceri (2002). "Social Geography: New Religions and Ethnoburbs – Contrasts with Cultural Geography".
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Gale, Richard (2007). "The Place of Islam in the Geography of Religion: Trends and Intersections".
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The geographical distinctiveness of religion has also been discussed by scholars in the past.
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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Boundaries of Faith: Geographical Perspectives on Religious Fundamentalism
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these studies' simplistic emphasis on the influence of the environment on
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In addition, migration processes have resulted in the development of
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Another aspect of the relationship between religion and geography is
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Park, Chris (2004). "Religion and geography". In Hinnells, J (ed.).
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is the study of the impact of geography, i.e. place and space, on
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1000 City Churches Phases of Adaptation to Urban Environment
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Sacred worlds: an introduction to geography and religion
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Religion may be a starting point to examine issues of
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Meyerhoff, Howard A.; Huntington, Ellsworth (1947).
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Thus, geographers are less concerned about religion
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Puritan Islam: The Geoexpansion of the Muslim World
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Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. 1118: 1116: 2659: 2645: 2347: 2333: 1517: 1503: 1233: 1231: 1037: 1035: 984: 780: 766: 3298:National Council for Geographic Education 1395: 1157: 861: 1333:"Elie Halévy and the Birth of Methodism" 1113: 1377: 1228: 1032: 3374: 817: 2640: 2328: 1498: 1432: 1330: 1219: 1122: 3342: 2666: 2619: 1524: 1451: 1237: 1192: 1080: 1041: 999: 975: 17: 3354: 2163:Category:Religion and ... 13: 1490:Maps of religious belief in the US 70: 14: 3398: 1471: 3353: 3341: 3329: 3318: 3317: 3293:International Geography Olympiad 2618: 2606: 2595: 2594: 2496: 2355:Sub-fields of and approaches to 1477: 1207:10.1111/j.1749-8198.2007.00054.x 931: 844: 22: 1371: 1324: 1285: 1272: 3006:Geographic information science 1982:Category:... and religion 1213: 1186: 1151: 1074: 969: 903: 431:Geographic information science 1: 3387:Religious belief and doctrine 3112:Geographic information system 1896:politics in the United States 1416: 1294:"Mainsprings of Civilization" 542:Geographic information system 3039:Environmental social science 469:Environmental social science 7: 2550:Non-representational theory 1298:Political Science Quarterly 1245:Progress in Human Geography 1125:Progress in Human Geography 1006:Progress in Human Geography 924: 875:New geographies of religion 697:Non-representational theory 10: 3403: 1437:. Equinox Publishing Ltd. 1018:10.1177/030913259001400302 910:Environmental determinists 3313: 3270: 3239: 3202: 3154:Global Positioning System 3080: 3071: 3029: 2981: 2842: 2717: 2710: 2677: 2590: 2505: 2494: 2363: 2162: 1981: 1640: 1530: 1422:Douglas, H. Paul. (1926) 1137:10.1191/0309132502ph368pr 1099:10.1080/00420980220151664 584:Global Positioning System 137:Environmental determinism 1641:Religion and ( 1258:10.1177/0309132510362602 962: 825:ecclesiastical geography 3262:National mapping agency 3227:Survey (human research) 3169:Participant observation 657:Survey (human research) 599:Participant observation 147:Quantitative revolution 3382:Religion and geography 3252:Geographical societies 3049:Landscape architecture 2039:Hellenistic philosophy 1426:; in United States. 1378:Slatter, Ruth (2023). 1278:Barry A. Vann (2011), 957:Religious demographics 862:Community and identity 793:Religion and geography 670:Theoretical Approaches 479:Landscape architecture 127:History of cartography 75: 3044:Environmental studies 3016:Statistical geography 2897:Environmental science 2299:spirituality podcasts 2222:the French Revolution 1764:education in Pakistan 1484:Geography of religion 1331:Walsh, J. D. (1975). 1220:Stump, Roger (2000). 812:places from the Bible 474:Environmental studies 441:Statistical geography 74: 3257:Geoscience societies 3222:Interview (research) 3194:Land change modeling 3095:Computer cartography 3073:Techniques and tools 2931:Earth system science 2292:in the United States 1486:at Wikimedia Commons 1452:Park, Chris (1994). 652:Interview (research) 624:Land change modeling 525:Computer cartography 459:Integrated geography 132:Historical geography 100:History of geography 3303:Spatial citizenship 3288:Geographers on Film 3278:Geography education 2888:Atmospheric science 2577:Sexuality and space 1433:Knott, Kim (2005). 1282:. Prometheus Books. 1238:Kong, Lily (2010). 1081:Kong, Lily (2002). 1042:Kong, Lily (2005). 1000:Kong, Lily (1990). 952:Religion by country 885:religious pluralism 818:Research traditions 804:religious geography 406:Technical geography 58:Part of a series on 3184:Statistical survey 3134:Geologic modelling 2973:Quaternary science 2560:Post-structuralism 2185:capital punishment 2134:Transgender topics 1712:coping with trauma 1687:capital punishment 1612:Transgender people 1397:10.1111/gec3.12682 919:religious doctrine 915:cultural behaviors 808:biblical geography 724:Post-structuralism 614:Statistical survey 564:Geologic modelling 393:Quaternary science 295:Physical geography 152:Critical geography 142:Regional geography 76: 3369: 3368: 3235: 3234: 3067: 3066: 3054:Landscape ecology 2874:Coastal geography 2634: 2633: 2572:Scientific method 2322: 2321: 2109:Sexual abstinence 2024:Films about LGBTQ 1994:African Americans 1747:domestic violence 1577:Hittite mythology 1482:Media related to 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2921: 2918: 2916: 2913: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2889: 2886: 2885: 2884: 2883:Earth science 2881: 2879: 2875: 2872: 2868: 2865: 2863: 2860: 2858: 2855: 2854: 2853: 2850: 2849: 2847: 2845: 2841: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2827: 2825: 2822: 2818: 2815: 2813: 2810: 2808: 2805: 2804: 2803: 2800: 2798: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2788: 2785: 2783: 2780: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2755: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2745: 2743: 2740: 2738: 2735: 2733: 2730: 2728: 2725: 2724: 2722: 2720: 2716: 2713: 2709: 2703: 2700: 2698: 2695: 2693: 2690: 2688: 2685: 2683: 2680: 2679: 2676: 2672: 2669: 2662: 2657: 2655: 2650: 2648: 2643: 2642: 2639: 2627: 2626: 2617: 2615: 2614: 2609: 2605: 2603: 2602: 2593: 2592: 2589: 2583: 2580: 2578: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2557: 2556: 2555:Postmodernism 2553: 2551: 2548: 2544: 2541: 2539: 2538:Structuralism 2536: 2535: 2534: 2531: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2519: 2516: 2514: 2511: 2510: 2508: 2504: 2499: 2489: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2479: 2476: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2459: 2458: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2407: 2404: 2402: 2399: 2397: 2394: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2368: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2350: 2345: 2343: 2338: 2336: 2331: 2330: 2327: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2307: 2305: 2302: 2300: 2297: 2293: 2290: 2288: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2279: 2278: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2250: 2248: 2245: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2228: 2225: 2223: 2220: 2218: 2215: 2213: 2210: 2206: 2203: 2202: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2168: 2167: 2165: 2161: 2155: 2152: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2140: 2139:Vegetarianism 2137: 2135: 2132: 2130: 2127: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2093: 2092:Pre-Columbian 2090: 2088: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2059: 2057: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2037: 2035: 2032: 2030: 2027: 2025: 2022: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2007: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1987: 1986: 1984: 1980: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1959: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1949: 1946: 1944: 1941: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1917: 1914: 1912: 1909: 1908: 1907: 1904: 1902: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1889: 1887: 1886:peacebuilding 1884: 1882: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1860: 1859:schizophrenia 1857: 1855: 1852: 1851: 1850: 1849:mental health 1847: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1775: 1772: 1770: 1767: 1765: 1762: 1758: 1755: 1754: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1743: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1732:death penalty 1730: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1720: 1718: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1677:birth control 1675: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1667:animal rights 1665: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1639: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1623: 1622:Vegetarianism 1620: 1618: 1615: 1613: 1610: 1608: 1605: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1572:Homosexuality 1570: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1533:Some topic... 1529: 1520: 1515: 1513: 1508: 1506: 1501: 1500: 1497: 1491: 1488: 1485: 1480: 1476: 1475: 1465: 1463:9780415090124 1459: 1456:. Routledge. 1455: 1450: 1446: 1444:9781904768753 1440: 1436: 1431: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1420: 1407: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1374: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1327: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1288: 1281: 1275: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1246: 1241: 1234: 1232: 1223: 1216: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1189: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1172:10.1068/d2341 1169: 1165: 1161: 1154: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1119: 1117: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1087:Urban Studies 1084: 1077: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1038: 1036: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 996: 994: 992: 990: 988: 979: 972: 968: 958: 955: 953: 950: 948: 945: 944: 940: 929: 922: 920: 916: 911: 901: 899: 893: 891: 890:Barry A. Vann 886: 881: 872: 869: 859: 855: 851: 845:Sacred places 842: 840: 835: 833: 828: 826: 815: 813: 809: 805: 800: 798: 794: 783: 778: 776: 771: 769: 764: 763: 761: 760: 755: 752: 750: 747: 745: 742: 741: 740: 739: 730: 727: 725: 722: 721: 720: 719:Postmodernism 717: 713: 710: 708: 707:Structuralism 705: 704: 703: 700: 698: 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 683: 680: 678: 675: 674: 671: 666: 665: 658: 655: 653: 650: 648: 645: 643: 640: 639: 634: 631: 630: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 612: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 590: 587: 585: 582: 580: 577: 575: 574:Geostatistics 572: 570: 567: 565: 562: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 544: 543: 540: 538: 537:Geochronology 535: 531: 528: 526: 523: 522: 521: 518: 517: 512: 509: 508: 503: 498: 497: 490: 487: 485: 482: 480: 477: 475: 472: 470: 467: 466: 465: 460: 455: 454: 447: 444: 442: 439: 437: 434: 432: 429: 427: 424: 422: 419: 417: 414: 413: 412: 407: 402: 401: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 370: 367: 365: 362: 360: 359:Geomorphology 357: 355: 352: 350: 349:Earth science 347: 345: 341: 338: 336: 332: 328: 325: 321: 318: 316: 313: 311: 308: 307: 306: 303: 302: 301: 296: 291: 290: 283: 280: 278: 275: 273: 270: 266: 263: 261: 258: 256: 253: 252: 251: 248: 246: 243: 241: 238: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 211: 208: 206: 203: 201: 198: 196: 193: 191: 188: 186: 183: 181: 178: 176: 173: 172: 171: 166: 161: 160: 153: 150: 148: 145: 143: 140: 138: 135: 133: 130: 128: 125: 123: 120: 118: 115: 113: 110: 108: 105: 104: 101: 96: 95: 90: 87: 85: 82: 81: 80: 79: 73: 69: 68: 65: 62: 61: 57: 56: 47: 35: 29: 20: 19: 16: 3358: 3346: 3334: 3322: 3283:Geo-literacy 3240:Institutions 3122:Internet GIS 3082:Quantitative 2959:Soil science 2878:Oceanography 2867:Zoogeography 2852:Biogeography 2796: 2727:Agricultural 2623: 2611: 2599: 2450: 2371:Agricultural 2104:Psychedelics 2072:Mesoamerican 1943:superstition 1876:negotiations 1844:LGBTQ people 1839:the internet 1834:intelligence 1798: 1642: 1532: 1453: 1434: 1423: 1387: 1383: 1373: 1340: 1336: 1326: 1301: 1297: 1287: 1279: 1274: 1249: 1243: 1221: 1215: 1198: 1194: 1188: 1163: 1159: 1153: 1128: 1124: 1090: 1086: 1076: 1060:10.1068/d394 1051: 1047: 1009: 1005: 980:. Routledge. 977: 971: 907: 894: 882: 878: 865: 856: 852: 848: 838: 836: 829: 821: 803: 801: 792: 791: 552:Internet GIS 511:Quantitative 463: 410: 344:Oceanography 320:Zoogeography 305:Biogeography 299: 244: 175:Agricultural 169: 107:Graeco-Roman 44:October 2020 41: 33: 15: 3360:WikiProject 3212:Ethnography 3204:Qualitative 3164:Map algebra 3159:Hydrography 3100:Web mapping 3090:Cartography 2902:Climatology 2892:Meteorology 2747:Development 2391:Development 2029:Freemasonry 2014:Environment 1963:video games 1958:vaccination 1936:pornography 1891:personality 1717:coronavirus 1657:agriculture 1632:World War I 1617:Vaccination 1557:Disability 1428:online free 904:Geopolitics 754:Geographers 642:Ethnography 633:Qualitative 594:Map algebra 589:Hydrography 530:Web mapping 520:Cartography 373:Hydrography 327:Climatology 195:Development 3376:Categories 3217:Geopoetics 3031:Integrated 2967:Edaphology 2945:Glaciology 2920:Geophysics 2915:Geobiology 2802:Settlement 2792:Population 2762:Historical 2732:Behavioral 2692:Philosophy 2506:Approaches 2456:Settlement 2446:Population 2416:Historical 2376:Behavioral 2364:Sub-fields 2314:technology 2282:by country 2232:government 2217:euthanasia 2058:Mythology 2049:Liberalism 1916:bestiality 1911:adolescent 1804:government 1784:executions 1737:disability 1722:corruption 1643:some topic 1417:References 1304:(1): 114. 677:Behavioral 647:Geopoetics 364:Glaciology 250:Settlement 240:Population 210:Historical 180:Behavioral 3271:Education 3189:Surveying 3011:Geomatics 2991:Geodesign 2983:Technical 2954:Limnology 2950:Hydrology 2829:Strategic 2812:Transport 2787:Political 2777:Marketing 2737:Cognitive 2668:Geography 2543:Semiotics 2533:Modernism 2483:Strategic 2466:Transport 2441:Political 2431:Marketing 2401:Emotional 2381:Cognitive 2287:in France 2227:geography 2212:education 2114:Sexuality 2019:Evolution 2004:Economics 1906:sexuality 1871:mythology 1809:happiness 1799:geography 1779:ethnicity 1707:communism 1562:Fertility 1547:Astronomy 1542:Anarchism 1406:1749-8198 1357:0080-4401 1266:146475959 1145:144930147 1107:145593102 1068:144337164 1026:143924950 744:Societies 712:Semiotics 702:Modernism 619:Surveying 436:Geomatics 416:Geodesign 383:Limnology 369:Hydrology 277:Strategic 260:Transport 235:Political 225:Marketing 185:Cognitive 64:Geography 3324:Category 2963:Pedology 2844:Physical 2807:Regional 2797:Religion 2782:Military 2772:Language 2767:Internet 2752:Economic 2742:Cultural 2711:Branches 2682:Glossary 2601:Category 2523:Feminist 2513:Critical 2461:Regional 2451:Religion 2436:Military 2426:Language 2421:Internet 2396:Economic 2386:Cultural 2252:medicine 2242:HIV/AIDS 2190:children 2175:abortion 2170:the arts 2054:Marriage 1999:Cannabis 1989:Adoption 1968:violence 1931:polygyny 1926:polygamy 1881:pacifism 1866:morality 1829:identity 1819:HIV/AIDS 1789:gambling 1697:children 1682:business 1652:abortion 1597:Morality 1552:Cannabis 1343:: 1–20. 1180:55545278 925:See also 687:Feminist 682:Critical 388:Pedology 255:Regional 245:Religion 230:Military 220:Language 215:Internet 200:Economic 190:Cultural 3348:Commons 3127:Web GIS 2996:Geodesy 2940:Geology 2924:Geodesy 2857:Ecology 2834:Tourism 2702:Outline 2687:History 2625:Commons 2528:Marxist 2488:Tourism 2309:suicide 2277:society 2272:science 2205:alcohol 2180:atheism 2129:Tobacco 2119:Slavery 2009:Economy 1973:warfare 1953:torture 1757:alcohol 1742:divorce 1602:Slavery 1592:Marxism 1365:3679083 1318:2144155 692:Marxist 557:Web GIS 502:Methods 421:Geodesy 354:Geology 310:Ecology 282:Tourism 117:Islamic 112:Chinese 89:Outline 34:updated 3336:Portal 2824:Social 2757:Health 2671:topics 2613:Portal 2478:Social 2411:Health 2304:sports 2237:health 2149:Wealth 2124:Tamils 2099:Nature 2082:Muisca 2077:Mixtec 2034:Gender 1948:terror 1901:ritual 1814:health 1794:gender 1774:ethics 1567:Gender 1460:  1441:  1404:  1363:  1355:  1316:  1264:  1178:  1143:  1105:  1066:  1024:  839:per se 832:nature 464:Fields 411:Fields 300:Fields 272:Social 205:Health 170:Fields 84:Portal 2817:Urban 2719:Human 2697:Index 2471:Urban 2262:peace 2257:music 2200:drugs 2195:death 2154:Women 2144:Water 2087:Olmec 2062:Aztec 2044:LGBTQ 1752:drugs 1727:crime 1627:Women 1607:Subud 1587:Magic 1390:(4). 1361:JSTOR 1314:JSTOR 1262:S2CID 1176:S2CID 1141:S2CID 1103:S2CID 1064:S2CID 1022:S2CID 963:Notes 749:Index 265:Urban 2582:Time 2406:Food 2267:race 2067:Maya 1662:AIDS 1458:ISBN 1439:ISBN 1402:ISSN 1353:ISSN 2247:law 1582:Law 1392:doi 1345:doi 1306:doi 1254:doi 1203:doi 1168:doi 1133:doi 1095:doi 1056:doi 1014:doi 3378:: 2952:/ 2938:/ 2922:/ 2908:/ 2904:/ 2890:/ 2876:/ 1400:. 1388:17 1386:. 1382:. 1359:. 1351:. 1341:25 1339:. 1335:. 1312:. 1302:62 1300:. 1296:. 1260:. 1250:34 1248:. 1242:. 1230:^ 1197:. 1174:. 1164:19 1162:. 1139:. 1129:26 1127:. 1115:^ 1101:. 1091:39 1089:. 1085:. 1062:. 1052:23 1050:. 1046:. 1034:^ 1020:. 1010:14 1008:. 1004:. 986:^ 814:. 799:. 371:/ 342:/ 333:/ 329:/ 2969:) 2965:/ 2961:( 2660:e 2653:t 2646:v 2348:e 2341:t 2334:v 1645:) 1531:( 1518:e 1511:t 1504:v 1466:. 1447:. 1408:. 1394:: 1367:. 1347:: 1320:. 1308:: 1268:. 1256:: 1209:. 1205:: 1199:1 1182:. 1170:: 1147:. 1135:: 1109:. 1097:: 1070:. 1058:: 1028:. 1016:: 823:( 781:e 774:t 767:v 46:) 42:( 36:.

Index

Geography

Portal
Outline
History of geography
Graeco-Roman
Chinese
Islamic
Age of Discovery
History of cartography
Historical geography
Environmental determinism
Regional geography
Quantitative revolution
Critical geography
Human geography
Agricultural
Behavioral
Cognitive
Cultural
Development
Economic
Health
Historical
Internet
Language
Marketing
Military
Political
Population

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