1811:
majority of the
Ecuadorian Armed Forces were composed of rebellious angry unpaid veterans from Venezuela and Colombia that did not want to fight against their fellow countrymen. Seeing that his officers were rebelling, mutinying, and changing sides, President Flores had no option but to reluctantly make peace with New Granada. The Treaty of Pasto of 1832 was signed by which the Department of Cauca was turned over to New Granada (modern Colombia), the government of Bogotá recognized Ecuador as an independent country and the border was to follow the Ley de División Territorial de la República de Colombia (Law of the Division of Territory of the Gran Colombia) passed on 25 June 1824. This law set the border at the river Carchi and the eastern border that stretched to Brazil at the Caquetá river. Later, Ecuador contended that the Republic of Colombia, while reorganizing its government, unlawfully made its eastern border provisional and that Colombia extended its claims south to the Napo River because it said that the Government of Popayán extended its control all the way to the Napo River.
8539:. Thus we have the French language part of Oceania, the Spanish part and the Japanese part. The Japanese culture groups of Oceania are the Bonin Islands, the Marcus Islands and the Volcano Islands. These three clusters, lying south and south-east of Japan, are inhabited either by Japanese or by people who have now completely fused with the Japanese race. Therefore they will not be taken into account in the proposed comparison of the policies of non – Oceanic cultures towards Oceanic peoples. On the eastern side of the Pacific are a number of Spanish language culture groups of islands. Two of them, the Galapagos and Easter Island, have been dealt with as separate chapters in this volume. Only one of the dozen or so Spanish culture island groups of Oceania has an Oceanic population — the Polynesians of Easter Island. The rest are either uninhabited or have a Spanish – Latin – American population consisting of people who migrated from the mainland. Therefore, the comparisons which follow refer almost exclusively to the English and French language cultures.
3480:
products; fish, and shrimp; and balsa wood. The country's vast resources include large amounts of timber across the country, like eucalyptus and mangroves. Pines and cedars are planted in the region of La Sierra and walnuts, rosemary, and balsa wood in the Guayas River Basin. The industry is concentrated mainly in
Guayaquil, the largest industrial center, and in Quito, where in recent years the industry has grown considerably. This city is also the largest business center of the country. Industrial production is directed primarily to the domestic market. Despite this, there is limited export of products produced or processed industrially. These include canned foods, liquor, jewelry, furniture, and more. A minor industrial activity is also concentrated in Cuenca. Incomes from tourism has been increasing during the last few years due to promotion programs from Government, highlighting the variety of climates and the biodiversity of Ecuador.
1843:
Amazonian country to counter Peru's earlier Treaty with Brazil back on 23 October 1851. Then after a few meetings with the
Colombian government's representatives an agreement was reached and the Muñoz Vernaza-Suarez Treaty was signed 15 July 1916, in which Colombian rights to the Putumayo river were recognized as well as Ecuador's rights to the Napo river and the new border was a line that ran midpoint between those two rivers. In this way, Ecuador gave up the claims it had to the Amazonian territories between the Caquetá River and Napo River to Colombia, thus cutting itself off from Brazil. Later, a brief war erupted between Colombia and Peru, over Peru's claims to the Caquetá region, which ended with Peru reluctantly signing the Salomon-Lozano Treaty on 24 March 1922. Ecuador protested this secret treaty, since Colombia gave away Ecuadorian claimed land to Peru that Ecuador had given to Colombia in 1916.
1151:
8774:
representative in the islands. Australia did not cede control of the Torres Strait
Islands, inhabited by a Melanesian population, or Lord Howe and Norfolk Island, whose residents are of European ancestry. New Zealand retains indirect rule over Niue and Tokelau and has kept close relations with another former possession, the Cook Islands, through a compact of free association. Chile rules Easter Island (Rapa Nui) and Ecuador rules the Galapagos Islands. The Aboriginals of Australia, the Maoris of New Zealand and the native Polynesians of Hawaii, despite movements demanding more cultural recognition, greater economic and political considerations or even outright sovereignty, have remained minorities in countries where massive waves of migration have completely changed society. In short, Oceania has remained one of the least completely decolonized regions on the globe.
3604:
3424:. In January 2009, the Central Bank of Ecuador (BCE) put the 2010 growth forecast at 6.88%. In 2011, its GDP grew at 8% and ranked third highest in Latin America, behind Argentina (2nd) and Panama (1st). Between 1999 and 2007, GDP doubled, reaching $ 65,490 million according to BCE. The inflation rate until January 2008, was about 1.14%, the highest in the past year, according to the government. The monthly unemployment rate remained at about 6 and 8 percent from December 2007 until September 2008; however, it went up to about 9 percent in October and dropped again in November 2008 to 8 percent. Unemployment mean annual rate for 2009 in Ecuador was 8.5% because the global economic crisis continued to affect the Latin American economies. From this point, unemployment rates started a downward trend: 7.6% in 2010, 6.0% in 2011, and 4.8% in 2012.
1314:
2527:
4942:, still constituted the majority of the flow, even though they then represented only one third of the total number of immigrants in Ecuador. This situation came from the improvement of the economic situation in Liguria. The classic paradigm of the Italian immigrant today was not that of the small trader from Liguria as it had been before; those who emigrated to Ecuador were professionals and technicians, employees and religious people from South-Central Italy. It must be remembered that many immigrants, a remarkable number of Italians among them, moved to the Ecuadorian port from Peru to escape from the Peruvian war with Chile. The Italian government came to be more interested in the emigration phenomenon in Ecuador because of the necessity of finding an outlet for the large number of immigrants who traditionally went to the
5416:
4321:, compared to 111 back in the year 2000. Ecuadorians have a life expectancy of 77.1 years. The infant mortality rate is 13 per 1,000 live births, a major improvement from approximately 76 in the early 1980s and 140 in 1950. Almost a quarter, or 23%, of children under five are chronically malnourished. Population in some rural areas have no access to potable water, and its supply is provided by mean of water tankers. There are 686 malaria cases per 100,000 people. Basic health care, including doctor's visits, basic surgeries, and basic medications, has been provided free since 2008. However, some public hospitals are in poor condition and often lack necessary supplies to attend the high demand of patients. Private hospitals and clinics are well equipped but still expensive for the majority of the population.
1771:, defeated the Peruvian invasion force led by President La Mar. This defeat led to the signing of the Treaty of Guayaquil in September 1829, whereby Peru and its Congress recognized Gran Colombian rights over Tumbes, Jaén, and Maynas. Through meetings between Peru and Gran Colombia, the border was set as Tumbes river in the west, and in the east, the Maranon and Amazon rivers were to be followed toward Brazil as the most natural borders between them. According to the peace negotiations Peru agreed to return Guayaquil, Tumbez, and Jaén; despite this, Peru returned Guayaquil, but failed to return Tumbes and Jaén, alleging that it was not obligated to follow the agreements, since the Gran Colombia ceased to exist when it divided itself into three different nations – Ecuador, Colombia, and Venezuela.
1775:
3291:
1131:
1851:
River and that Peru since
Ecuador's independence from Spain has systematically occupied Tumbez, Jaén, and most of the disputed territories in the Amazonian Basin between the Putomayo and Marañon Rivers. In July 1941, troops were mobilized in both countries. Peru had an army of 11,681 troops who faced a poorly supplied and inadequately armed Ecuadorian force of 2,300, of which only 1,300 were deployed in the southern provinces. Hostilities erupted on 5 July 1941, when Peruvian forces crossed the Zarumilla river at several locations, testing the strength and resolve of the Ecuadorian border troops. Finally, on 23 July 1941, the Peruvians launched a major invasion, crossing the Zarumilla river in force and advancing into the Ecuadorian province of
1839:. During its negotiations with Brazil, Peru claimed Amazonian Basin territories up to Caqueta River in the north and toward the Andes Mountain range. Colombia protested stating that its claims extended south toward the Napo and Amazon Rivers. Ecuador protested that it claimed the Amazon Basin between the Caqueta river and the Marañon-Amazon river. Peru ignored these protests and created the Department of Loreto in 1853 with its capital in Iquitos. Peru briefly occupied Guayaquil again in 1860, since Peru thought that Ecuador was selling some of the disputed land for development to British bond holders, but returned Guayaquil after a few months. The border dispute was then submitted to Spain for arbitration from 1880 to 1910, but to no avail.
5137:
2251:
3439:
13111:
1999:. While Ecuador had to give up its decades-old territorial claims to the eastern slopes of the Cordillera, as well as to the entire western area of Cenepa headwaters, Peru was compelled to give to Ecuador, in perpetual lease but without sovereignty, 1 km (0.39 sq mi) of its territory, in the area where the Ecuadorian base of Tiwinza – focal point of the war – had been located within Peruvian soil and which the Ecuadorian Army held during the conflict. The final border demarcation came into effect on 13 May 1999, and the multi-national MOMEP (Military Observer Mission for Ecuador and Peru) troop deployment withdrew on 17 June 1999.
2715:
4276:
4340:
5606:
12837:
2728:
5044:
3831:
12264:
3345:
3408:
5704:
4188:
5678:
4516:
1724:, before Peru or Ecuador became independent, areas of the former Vice Royalty of New Granada declared themselves independent from Spain. A few months later, a part of the Peruvian liberation army of San Martín decided to occupy the independent cities of Tumbez and Jaén, with the intention of using them as springboards to occupy the independent city of Guayaquil and then liberate the rest of the Audiencia de Quito (Ecuador). It was common knowledge among officers of the liberation army from the south that their leader
90:
2984:
1832:
of Jesuit missionaries from their bases along the Amazon Basin. Ecuador countered by labeling the Cedula of 1802 an ecclesiastical instrument, which had nothing to do with political borders. Peru began its de facto occupation of disputed
Amazonian territories, after it signed a secret 1851 peace treaty in favor of Brazil. This treaty disregarded Spanish rights that were confirmed during colonial times by a Spanish-Portuguese treaty over the Amazon regarding territories held by illegal Portuguese settlers.
5333:
some similarities with the work of
Collahuazo. Collahuazo was imprisoned and all of his work burned. The existence of his literary work came to light many centuries later, when a crew of masons was restoring the walls of a colonial church in Quito and found a hidden manuscript. The salvaged fragment is a Spanish translation from Quechua of the "Elegy to the Dead of Atahualpa", a poem written by Collahuazo, which describes the sadness and impotence of the Inca people of having lost their king Atahualpa.
3468:
1167:
4526:
4463:
1859:
2622:
187:
3747:
3593:
5146:
1415:
756:
5516:
4473:
5023:
3763:
1404:
76:
12044:
2972:
2670:. In Ecuador's current judicial system, judges are selected in a contest of merits, rather than government appointments. However, the process of selection has been criticized as biased and subjective. In particular, the final interview is said to be given "excessive weighing". Judges and prosecutors that made decisions in favor of Correa in his lawsuits had received permanent posts, while others with better assessment grades had been rejected.
2401:
5592:
2964:
1820:
2059:, when his Air Force plane crashed in heavy rain near the Peruvian border. Many people believe that he was assassinated by the CIA, given the multiple death threats against him because of his reformist agenda, the deaths in automobile crashes of two key witnesses before they could testify during the investigation, and the sometimes contradictory accounts of the incident. Roldos was immediately succeeded by Vice President Osvaldo Hurtado.
2091:
3521:
2909:
12034:
781:
733:
714:
681:
662:
1928:
5113:-Imbabura). Sanjuanito is a type of dance music played during festivities by the mestizo and Amerindian communities. According to the Ecuadorian musicologist Segundo Luis Moreno, Sanjuanito was danced by Amerindian people during San Juan Bautista's birthday. This important date was established by the Spaniards on 24 June, coincidentally the same date when Amerindian people celebrated their rituals of
1917:
10817:
5303:
1795:, with the approval of the Ecuadorian congress annexed the Department of Cauca on 20 December 1830, since the government of Cauca had called for union with the District of the South as far back as April 1830. Moreover, the Cauca region, throughout its long history, had very strong economic and cultural ties with the people of Ecuador. Also, the Cauca region, which included such cities as
3898:, and are largely based in the Esmeraldas province and to a lesser degree in the predominantly Mestizo provinces of Coastal Ecuador – Guayas and Manabi. In the Highland Andes where a predominantly Mestizo, white and Amerindian population exist, the African presence is almost non-existent except for a small community in the province of Imbabura called Chota Valley.
4883:
carried
Ottoman passports. There were further waves of immigration in the first half of the 20th century; by 1930, there were 577 Lebanese immigrants and 489 of their descendants residing in the country. A 1986 estimate from Lebanon's Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated 100,000 Lebanese descendants. They reside mostly in Quito and Guayaquil. They are predominantly
2152:
historical exploitation by the land-holding elite. Their movement, along with the continuing destabilizing efforts by both the elite and leftist movements, has led to a deterioration of the executive office. The populace and the other branches of government give the president very little political capital, as illustrated by the most recent removal of
President
2512:, the Comptroller General of the State, and the superintendents. Branch members hold office for five years. This branch is responsible for promoting transparency and control plans publicly, as well as plans to design mechanisms to combat corruption, as also designate certain authorities, and be the regulatory mechanism of accountability in the country.
10996:
8970:
Langhammer, P.; Laurance, W. F.; Lieberman, S.; Linkie, M.; Malhi, Y.; Maxwell, S.; Mendez, M.; Mittermeier, R.; Murray, N. J.; Possingham, H.; Radachowsky, J.; Saatchi, S.; Samper, C.; Silverman, J.; Shapiro, A.; Strassburg, B.; Stevens, T.; Stokes, E.; Taylor, R.; Tear, T.; Tizard, R.; Venter, O.; Visconti, P.; Wang, S.; Watson, J. E. M. (2020).
3806:
February 2013, with
Canadian assistance. However, the main road leading from Quito city center to the new airport will only be finished in late 2014, making current travelling from the airport to downtown Quito as long as two hours during rush hour. Quito's old city-center airport is being turned into parkland, with some light industrial use.
3341:. The protection of the nation's biodiversity is an explicit national priority as stated in the National Plan of "Buen Vivir", or good living, Objective 4, "Guarantee the rights of nature", Policy 1: "Sustainably conserve and manage the natural heritage, including its land and marine biodiversity, which is considered a strategic sector".
3790:'s tramway is the largest public transport system in the city and the first modern tramway in Ecuador. It was inaugurated on 8 March 2019. It has 20.4 kilometers (12.7 mi) and 27 stations. It will transport 120,000 passagers daily. Its route starts in the south of Cuenca and ends in the north at the Parque Industrial neighbourhood.
2659:(HRW) former president Correa intimidated journalists and subjected them to "public denunciation and retaliatory litigation". The sentences to journalists were years of imprisonment and millions of dollars of compensation, even though defendants had been pardoned. Correa stated he was only seeking a retraction for slanderous statements.
1385:" ("Light of America"), is based on its leading role in trying to secure an independent, local government. Although the new government lasted no more than two months, it had important repercussions and was an inspiration for the independence movement of the rest of Spanish America. Today, 10 August is celebrated as Independence Day, a
1708:. Moreover, to add legitimacy to his claims, on 16 February 1840, Flores signed a treaty with Spain, whereby Flores convinced Spain to officially recognize Ecuadorian independence and its sole rights to colonial titles over Spain's former colonial territory known anciently to Spain as the Kingdom and Presidency of Quito.
3364:
maintain their land as native ecosystems such as native forests or grasslands. Eligibility and subsidy rates for this program are determined based on the poverty in the region, the number of hectares that will be protected, and the type of ecosystem of the land to be protected, among other factors. Ecuador had a 2018
6174:
6135:
1264:. People belonging to the confederations that gave them the most problems were deported to distant areas of Peru, Bolivia, and north Argentina. Similarly, a number of loyal Inca subjects from Peru and Bolivia were brought to Ecuador to prevent rebellion. Thus, the region of highland Ecuador became part of the
1736:, out of the liberated Spanish territory of New Granada which consisted of Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador. San Martín's plans were thwarted when Bolívar, descended from the Andes mountains and occupied Guayaquil; they also annexed the newly liberated Audiencia de Quito to the Republic of Gran Colombia.
2460:
are renewed by thirds every three years pursuant to the Judicial Code. These are elected by the Judicial Council on the basis of opposition proceedings and merits. The justice system is buttressed by the independent offices of public prosecutor and the public defender. Auxiliary organs are as follows:
11274:"Marcelo Veintimilla Macas on Instagram: "A 2 horas de Guayaquil se encuentra #Ancón, la tierra de Alberto Spencer. Entre 1911 y 1976 una compañía Inglesa se instaló en el lugar, dejando un legado de su cultura. Plasmado sobre todo en las casas del barrio ingles, que se ubica cerca de un acantilado.""
8969:
Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; Jones, K. R.; Beyer, H. L.; Schuster, R.; Walston, J.; Ray, J. C.; Robinson, J. G.; Callow, M.; Clements, T.; Costa, H. M.; DeGemmis, A.; Elsen, P. R.; Ervin, J.; Franco, P.; Goldman, E.; Goetz, S.; Hansen, A.; Hofsvang, E.; Jantz, P.; Jupiter, S.; Kang, A.;
5332:
was banned by the Spanish, and in order to preserve their work, many Inca poets had to resort to the use of the Latin alphabet to write in their native Quechua language. The history behind the Inca drama "Ollantay", the oldest literary piece in existence for any Amerindian language in America, shares
4882:
to Ecuador started as early as 1875. Early impoverished migrants tended to work as independent sidewalk vendors, rather than as wage workers in agriculture or others' businesses. Though they emigrated to escape Ottoman Turkish religious oppression, they were called "Turks" by Ecuadorians because they
4283:
The current structure of the Ecuadorian public health care system dates back to 1967. The Ministry of the Public Health (Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador) is the responsible entity of the regulation and creation of the public health policies and health care plans. The Minister of Public Health
3463:
The overall trade balance for August 2012 was a surplus of almost $ 390 million for the first six months of 2012, a huge figure compared with that of 2007, which reached only $ 5.7 million; the surplus had risen by about $ 425 million compared to 2006. The oil trade balance positive had revenues of $
3427:
The extreme poverty rate declined significantly between 1999 and 2010. In 2001, it was estimated at 40% of the population, while by 2011 the figure dropped to 17.4% of the total population. This is explained to an extent by emigration and the economic stability achieved after adopting the U.S. dollar
1831:
of 1802, by which Peru claims the King of Spain had transferred these lands from the Viceroyalty of New Granada to the Viceroyalty of Peru. During colonial times this was to halt the ever-expanding Portuguese settlements into Spanish domains, which were left vacant and in disorder after the expulsion
1751:
when the Republic of Gran Colombia was created. Tumbes declared itself independent from Spain on 17 January 1821, and Jaén de Bracamoros on 17 June 1821, without any outside help from revolutionary armies. However, that same year, Peruvian forces participating in the Trujillo revolution occupied both
8773:
Britain's high commissioner in New Zealand continues to administer Pitcairn, and the other former British colonies remain members of the Commonwealth of Nations, recognizing the British Queen as their titular head of state and vesting certain residual powers in the British government or the Queen's
3854:
The White Ecuadorians are a minority accounting for 6.1% of the population of Ecuador and can be found throughout all of Ecuador, primarily around the urban areas. Even though Ecuador's white population during its colonial era were mainly descendants from Spain, today Ecuador's white population is a
3783:
Another major project is developing the road Manta – Tena, the highway Guayaquil – Salinas Highway Aloag Santo Domingo, Riobamba – Macas (which crosses Sangay National Park). Other new developments include the National Unity bridge complex in Guayaquil, the bridge over the Napo river in Francisco de
3779:
The roads of Ecuador in recent years have undergone important improvement. The major routes are Pan American (under enhancement from four to six lanes from Rumichaca to Ambato, the conclusion of four lanes on the entire stretch of Ambato and Riobamba and running via Riobamba to Loja). In the absence
3565:
The major areas of scientific research in Ecuador have been in the medical fields, tropical and infectious diseases treatments, agricultural engineering, pharmaceutical research, and bioengineering. Being a small country and a consumer of foreign technology, Ecuador has favored research supported by
3419:
that is highly dependent on commodities, namely petroleum and agricultural products. The country is classified as an upper-middle-income country. Ecuador's economy is the eighth largest in Latin America and experienced an average growth of 4.6% between 2000 and 2006. From 2007 to 2012, Ecuador's GDP
2415:
is led by the president. The president is accompanied by the vice-president, elected for four years (with the ability to be re-elected only once). As head of state and chief government official, he is responsible for public administration including the appointing of national coordinators, ministers,
2227:
administration of Venezuela, a close ally of Correa. The relations with the United States improved significantly under Moreno. In June 2019, Ecuador agreed to allow US military planes to operate from an airport on the Galapagos Islands. In February 2020, his visit to Washington was the first meeting
1897:
followed a military-civilian rebellion and a subsequent civic strike which successfully removed Carlos Arroyo del Río as a dictator from Ecuador's government. However, a post-Second World War recession and popular unrest led to a return to populist politics and domestic military interventions in the
1850:
In 1941, amid fast-growing tensions within disputed territories around the Zarumilla River, war broke out with Peru. Peru claimed that Ecuador's military presence in Peruvian-claimed territory was an invasion; Ecuador, for its part, claimed that Peru had recently invaded Ecuador around the Zarumilla
1755:
On 28 July 1821, Peruvian independence was proclaimed in Lima by San Martín, and Tumbes and Jaén, which were included as part of the revolution of Trujillo by the Peruvian occupying force, had the whole region swear allegiance to the new Peruvian flag and incorporated itself into Peru. Gran Colombia
1292:
and the Emperor Huayna Capac, from a European disease that spread into Ecuador, created a power vacuum between two factions and led to a civil war. The army stationed north headed by Atahualpa marched south to Cuzco and massacred the royal family associated with his brother. In 1532, a small band of
1209:
Even though their languages were unrelated, these groups developed similar groups of cultures, each based in different environments. The people of the coast combined agriculture with fishing, hunting, and gathering; the people of the highland Andes developed a sedentary agricultural way of life; and
8687:
In the present taxonomic study of the Hippoboscidae, Oceania covers, rather arbitrarily, the many archipelagos and isolated islands scattered throughout the Pacific Ocean, from the Marianas and Caroline Islands, the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands and New Caledonia to the Hawaiian islands
4350:
The Ecuadorian Constitution requires that all children attend school until they achieve a "basic level of education", which is estimated at nine school years. In 1996, the net primary enrollment rate was 96.9%, and 71.8% of children stayed in school until the fifth grade/age 10. The cost of primary
2673:
The laws also forbid articles and media messages that could favor or disfavor some political message or candidate. In the first half of 2012, twenty private TV or radio stations were closed down. People engaging in public protests against environmental and other issues are prosecuted for "terrorism
2450:
in the Legislative Palace, and consists of 137 assemblymen, divided into ten committees and elected for a four-year term. Fifteen national constituency elected assembly, two Assembly members elected from each province and one for every 100,000 inhabitants or fraction exceeding 150,000, according to
1786:
The Central District of the Gran Colombia, known as Cundinamarca or New Granada (modern Colombia) with its capital in Bogota, did not recognize the separation of the Southern District of the Gran Colombia, with its capital in Quito, from the Gran Colombian federation on 13 May 1830. After Ecuador's
4354:
Provision of public schools falls far below the levels needed, and class sizes are often very large, and families of limited means often find it necessary to pay for education. In rural areas, only 10% of the children go on to high school. In a 2015 report, The Ministry of Education states that in
2636:
report was critical that there were scarce few prosecutions for human rights violations committed by security forces, and those only in police courts, which are not considered impartial or independent. There are allegations that the security forces routinely torture prisoners. There are reports of
2459:
Ecuador's judiciary has as its main body the Judicial Council, and also includes the National Court of Justice, provincial courts, and lower courts. Legal representation is made by the Judicial Council. The National Court of Justice is composed of 21 judges elected for a term of nine years. Judges
1711:
Ecuador during its long and turbulent history has lost most of its contested territories to each of its more powerful neighbors, such as Colombia in 1832 and 1916, Brazil in 1904 through a series of peaceful treaties, and Peru after a short war in which the Protocol of Rio de Janeiro was signed in
1437:
became the first territory in Ecuador to gain its independence from Spain, and it spawned most of the Ecuadorian coastal provinces, establishing itself as an independent state. Its inhabitants celebrated what is now Ecuador's official Independence Day on 24 May 1822. The rest of Ecuador gained its
5040:
following the arrival of Europeans in 1499. A lower number of other Europeans and North Americans migrated to the country in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and in smaller numbers, Poles, Lithuanians, English, Irish, Croatians and some cases from Asia during and after the Second World War.
3363:
include 11 national parks, 10 wildlife refuges, 9 ecological reserves, and other areas. A program begun in 2008, Sociobosque, is preserving another 2.3% of total land area (6,295 km, or 629,500 ha) by paying private landowners or community landowners (such as Amerindian tribes) incentives to
1846:
On 21 July 1924, the Ponce-Castro Oyanguren Protocol was signed between Ecuador and Peru where both agreed to hold direct negotiations and to resolve the dispute in an equitable manner and to submit the differing points of the dispute to the United States for arbitration. Negotiations between the
4309:
Community health care centers (Centros de Salud) are found inside metropolitan areas of cities and in rural areas. These are day hospitals that provide treatment to patients whose hospitalization is under 24 hours. The doctors assigned to rural communities, where the Amerindian population can be
3392:
In 2022, the supreme court of Ecuador decided that "under no circumstances can a project be carried out that generates excessive sacrifices to the collective rights of communities and nature." It also required the government to respect the opinion of Indigenous peoples about different industrial
2219:(Alba) in August 2018. The Productive Development Act introduced an austerity policy, and reduced the previous development and redistribution policies. Regarding taxes, the authorities aimed to "encourage the return of investors" by granting amnesty to fraudsters and proposing measures to reduce
2151:
The emergence of the Amerindian population as an active constituency has added to the democratic volatility of the country in recent years. The population has been motivated by government failures to deliver on promises of land reform, lower unemployment and provision of social services, and the
1842:
In the early part of the 20th century, Ecuador made an effort to peacefully define its eastern Amazonian borders with its neighbours through negotiation. On 6 May 1904, Ecuador signed the Tobar-Rio Branco Treaty recognizing Brazil's claims to the Amazon in recognition of Ecuador's claim to be an
4313:
The public healthcare system should not be confused with the Ecuadorian Social Security healthcare service, which is dedicated to individuals with formal employment and who are affiliated obligatorily through their employers. Citizens with no formal employment may still contribute to the social
3805:
have experienced a high increase in demand and have required modernization. In the case of Guayaquil it involved a new air terminal, once considered the best in South America and the best in Latin America and in Quito where an entire new airport has been built in Tababela and was inaugurated in
3614:
Ecuador is a country with vast natural wealth. The diversity of its four regions has given rise to thousands of species of flora and fauna. It has approximately 1640 kinds of birds. The species of butterflies border 4,500, the reptiles 345, the amphibians 358, and the mammals 258, among others.
2290:
In October 2021, Lasso declared a 60-day state of emergency to combat crime and drug-related violence, including the numerous bloody clashes between rival groups in the state prisons. Lasso proposed a series of constitutional changes to enhance his government's ability to respond to crime. In a
1810:
Fruitless negotiations continued between the governments of Bogotá and Quito, where the government of Bogotá did not recognize the separation of Ecuador or that of Cauca from the Gran Colombia until war broke out in May 1832. In five months, New Granada defeated Ecuador due to the fact that the
5096:
is a genre of indigenous Latin music. In Ecuador it is the "national genre of music". Through the years, many cultures have brought their influences together to create new types of music. There are also different kinds of traditional music like albazo, pasacalle, fox incaico, tonada, capishca,
2938:
Due to the continuous border disputes with Peru, finally settled in the early 2000s, and due to the ongoing problem with the Colombian guerrilla insurgency infiltrating Amazonian provinces, the Ecuadorian Armed Forces has gone through a series of changes. In 2009, the new administration at the
5039:
majority and, like its ancestry, is traditionally of Spanish heritage, influenced in different degrees by Amerindian traditions and in some cases by Spanish elements non-Europeans and Africans. The first and most substantial wave of modern immigration to Ecuador consisted of Spanish colonist,
3479:
In the agricultural sector, Ecuador is a major exporter of bananas (first place worldwide in export), flowers, and the seventh largest producer of cocoa. Ecuador also produces coffee, rice, potatoes, cassava (manioc, tapioca), plantains and sugarcane; cattle, sheep, pigs, beef, pork and dairy
2942:
The Military Academy General Eloy Alfaro (c. 1838) located in Quito is in charge of graduating army officers. The Ecuadorian Navy Academy (c. 1837), located in Salinas graduates navy officers. The Air Academy "Cosme Rennella (c. 1920), also located in Salinas, graduates air force officers.
1276:
tactics. As a result, Inca expansion into the Amazon Basin and the Pacific coast of Ecuador was hampered. The indigenous people of the Amazon jungle and coastal Ecuador remained relatively autonomous until the Spanish soldiers and missionaries arrived in force. The Amazonian people and the
1271:
In contrast, when the Incas made incursions into coastal Ecuador and the eastern Amazon jungles of Ecuador, they found both the environment and indigenous people more hostile. Moreover, when the Incas tried to subdue them, these indigenous people withdrew to the interior and resorted to
4299:) at no cost. This is done in the four basic specialties of pediatric, gynecology, clinic medicine, and surgery. There are also public hospitals specialized to treat chronic diseases, target a particular group of the population, or provide better treatment in some medical specialties.
3459:
for oil exports due to erosion near key pipelines (privately owned OCP pipeline and state-owned SOTE pipeline) in the Amazon. It lasted about three weeks, totalling just over $ 500 million economic losses, before their production returned to its normal level of 435,000 barrels per day
3388:
operated in the Ecuadorian Amazon region between 1964 and 1992. During this period, Texaco drilled 339 wells in 15 petroleum fields and abandoned 627 toxic wastewater pits. It is now known that these highly polluting and now obsolete technologies were used as a way to reduce expenses.
2998:. Of this, 276,841 km (106,889 sq mi) is land and 6,720 km (2,595 sq mi) water. The total area, according to the Ecuadorian government's foreign ministry, is 256,370 km (98,985 sq mi). The Galápagos Islands are sometimes considered part of
3780:
of the section between Loja and the border with Peru, there are the Route Espondilus or Ruta del Sol (oriented to travel along the Ecuadorian coastline) and the Amazon backbone (which crosses from north to south along the Ecuadorian Amazon, linking most and more major cities of it).
1752:
Jaén and Tumbes. Peruvian generals, without any legal titles backing them up and with Ecuador still federated with the Gran Colombia, had the desire to annex Ecuador to the Republic of Peru at the expense of the Gran Colombia, feeling that Ecuador was once part of the Inca Empire.
4324:
Between 2008 and 2016, new public hospitals have been built. In 2008, the government introduced universal and compulsory social security coverage. In 2015, corruption remains a problem. Overbilling is recorded in 20% of public establishments and in 80% of private establishments.
3420:
grew at an annual average of 4.3 percent, above the average for Latin America and the Caribbean, which was 3.5%, according to the United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin American and the Caribbean (ECLAC). Ecuador was able to maintain relatively superior growth during the
8730:
It is clear that since World War II, Britain, in contrast to France and the United States (and one might say Chile and Ecuador, which hold, respectively, Easter Island and the Galapagos Islands), conceived of Oceania as a region of sovereign nations living in a spirit of
6162:
3325:
in the Galápagos. In addition to more than 16,000 species of plants, the country has 106 endemic reptiles, 138 endemic amphibians, and 6,000 species of butterfly. The Galápagos Islands are well known as a region of distinct fauna, as the famous place of birth to Darwin's
1898:
1960s, while foreign companies developed oil resources in the Ecuadorian Amazon. In 1972, construction of the Andean pipeline was completed. The pipeline brought oil from the east side of the Andes to the coast, making Ecuador South America's second largest oil exporter.
3622:, such as the Cajas Massif. Culturally, the Toquilla straw hat and the culture of the Zapara indigenous people are recognized. The most popular sites for national and foreign tourists have different nuances due to the various tourist activities offered by the country.
2078:
and founder of the Ecuadorian Roldosist Party). His government was committed to improving human rights protection and carried out some reforms, notably an opening of Ecuador to foreign trade. The Borja government negotiated the disbanding of the small terrorist group,
9521:
3454:
Oil accounts for 40% of exports and contributes to maintaining a positive trade balance. Since the late 1960s, the exploitation of oil increased production, and proven reserves are estimated at 6.51 billion barrels as of 2011. In late 2021, Ecuador had to declare a
1240:
In the highland Andes mountains, where life was more sedentary, groups of tribes cooperated and formed villages; thus the first nations based on agricultural resources and the domestication of animals formed. Eventually, through wars and marriage alliances of their
5008:. These policies resulted in the rapid and significant rise in the flow of returning nationals, most notably during the 2008 economic crisis that affected Europe and North America. In recent years, Ecuador has grown in popularity among North American expatriates.
2637:
prisoners having died while in police custody. Sometimes the legal process can be delayed until the suspect can be released after the time limit for detention without trial is exceeded. Prisons are overcrowded and conditions in detention centers are "abominable".
3847:, who are mixed race people of Amerindian and European descent, typically from Spanish colonists, in some cases this term can also include Amerindians that are culturally more Spanish influenced, and constitute about 71% of the population (although including the
3464:
3.295 million in 2008, while non-oil was negative, amounting to $ 2.842 million. The trade balance with the United States, Chile, the European Union, Bolivia, Peru, Brazil, and Mexico is positive. The trade balance with Argentina, Colombia, and Asia is negative.
5178:
is diverse, varying with the altitude, associated agricultural conditions, and ethnic/racial communities. Most regions in Ecuador follow the traditional three-course meal of soup, a course that includes rice and a protein, and then dessert and coffee to finish.
3175:. This region is primarily made up of the huge Amazon national parks and Amerindian untouchable zones, which are vast stretches of land set aside for the Amazon Amerindian tribes to continue living traditionally. It is also the area with the largest reserves of
1549:
reduced the power of the clergy and the conservative land owners. This liberal wing retained power until the military "Julian Revolution" of 1925. The 1930s and 1940s were marked by instability and emergence of populist politicians, such as five-time President
4314:
security system voluntarily and have access to the medical services rendered by the social security system. The Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security (IESS) has several major hospitals and medical sub-centers under its administration across the nation.
175:
173:
2046:
was elected president, garnering over one million votes, the most in Ecuadorian history. He took office on 10 August as the first constitutionally elected president, after nearly a decade of civilian and military dictatorships. In 1980, he founded the
1956:, and ultimately full-scale warfare in January 1995 where the Ecuadorian military shot down Peruvian aircraft and helicopters and Peruvian infantry marched into southern Ecuador. Each country blamed the other for the onset of hostilities, known as the
8615:
Oceania is primarily considered as the restricted region treated in this paper, but for comparative purposes, in the table only, it is also considered in a broad sense as including New Guinea, Australia, New Caledonia, New Zealand, the Antipodes, and
174:
172:
8576:
Easter Island on the east has been included on the basis of its Polynesian and biogeographic affinities even though it is politically apart. The other islands of the eastern Pacific (Galapagos, Juan Fernandez, etc.) have sometimes been included in
1847:
Ecuadorian and Peruvian representatives began in Washington on 30 September 1935. The negotiations turned into arguments during the next 7 months and finally on 29 September 1937, the Peruvian representatives decided to break off the negotiations.
5222:- and peanut-based dishes are quite frequent in the coastal region reflecting the West African roots of many of its citizens. Encocados (dishes that contain a coconut sauce) are also very popular in the northern coast centering around the city of
4922:
experienced of wave of immigration from the UK starting in 1911, when the Government of Ecuador conceded 98 mines, occupying an area of 38,842 hectares, to the British oil company Anglo Ecuadorian Oilfields. Today, the Anglo American Oilfields or
3434:
was prone to rampant inflation). However, starting in 2008, with the bad economic performance of the nations where most Ecuadorian emigrants work, the reduction of poverty has been realized through social spending, mainly in education and health.
1760:, who was born in Ecuador, believing his opportunity had come to annex the District of Ecuador to Peru, personally, with a Peruvian force, invaded and occupied Guayaquil and a few cities in the Loja region of southern Ecuador on 28 November 1828.
4287:
The philosophy of the Ministry of Public Health is the social support and service to the most vulnerable population, and its main plan of action lies around communitarian health and preventive medicine. Many American medical groups often conduct
2024:, who was declared chairman of the Supreme Council. The Supreme Council included two other members: General Guillermo Durán Arcentales and General Luis Pintado. The civil society more and more insistently called for democratic elections. Colonel
11692:
9472:
3615:
Ecuador is considered one of the 17 countries where the planet's highest biodiversity is concentrated, being also the largest country with diversity per km2 in the world. Most of its fauna and flora live in 26 protected areas by the state.
2739:
Regionalization, or zoning, is the union of two or more adjoining provinces in order to decentralize the administrative functions of the capital, Quito. In Ecuador, there are seven regions, or zones, each shaped by the following provinces:
1878:, almost cutting all supplies to the Ecuadorian troops. After a few weeks of war and under pressure by the United States and several Latin American nations, all fighting came to a stop. Ecuador and Peru came to an accord formalized in the
6601:"The Prehistoric Culture of Ecuador: Early Formative Period of Coastal Ecuador: The Valdivia and Machalilla Phases . Betty J. Meggers, Clifford Evans, and Emilio Estrada. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 1965. 452 pp., $ 6.75"
2278:, who was supported by exiled former president Correa. Lasso had finished second in the 2013 and 2017 presidential elections. On 24 May 2021, Lasso was sworn in, becoming the country's first right-wing leader in 14 years. Lasso's party
3379:
has led to the release of billions of gallons of untreated wastes, gas, and crude oil into the environment, contaminating ecosystems and causing detrimental health effects to Amerindian peoples. One of the best known examples is the
2282:
Movement, and its ally the Social Christian Party (PSC) won only 31 parliamentary seats out of 137, while Aráuz's Union for Hope (UNES) won 49 seats, which meant Lasso needed support from the Izquierda Democrática and the indigenist
10610:
2187:
contracted by prior corrupt and despotic regimes. He announced that the country would default on over $ 3 billion worth of bonds, and he succeeded in reducing the price of outstanding bonds by more than 60% by fighting creditors in
4030:
Most Ecuadorians speak Spanish as their first language, with its ubiquity permeating and dominating most of the country. Despite its small size, the country has a marked diversity in Spanish accents that vary widely among regions.
2019:
and executed by navy commander Jorge Queirolo G. The new president exiled José María Velasco to Argentina. He remained in power until 1976, when he was removed by another military government. That military junta was led by Admiral
4244:
in Germany in 1933, with 3,000 Jews in Ecuador in 1940. At its peak, in 1950, the Jewish population of Ecuador was estimated at 4,000, but then diminished to some 290 around 2020, forming one of the smallest Jewish communities in
9108:
2028:, Government Minister, proposed and implemented a Plan to return to the constitutional system through universal elections. This plan enabled the new democratically elected president to assume the duties of the executive office.
10176:
2557:. Ecuador has often placed great emphasis on multilateral approaches to international issues. Ecuador is a member of the United Nations (and most of its specialized agencies) and a member of many regional groups, including the
9517:
1756:
had always protested Peru for the return of Jaén and Tumbes for almost a decade, then finally Bolivar after long and futile discussion over the return of Jaén, Tumbes, and part of Mainas, declared war. President and General
4984:
refugees. Colombians have historically found refuge in its neighboring country during times of civil unrest. Recently, Venezuelans have become a notable presence in Ecuadorian cities as many flee the economic and political
3358:
As of the writing of the plan in 2008, 19% of Ecuador's land area was in a protected area; however, the plan also states that 32% of the land must be protected in order to truly preserve the nation's biodiversity. Current
6409:
3281:
The country has seen its seven glaciers lose 54.4% of their surface in forty years. Research predicts their disappearance by 2100. The cause is climate change, which threatens both the fauna and flora and the population.
2385:
meets throughout the year except for recesses in July and December. There are thirteen permanent committees. Members of the National Court of Justice are appointed by the National Judicial Council for nine-year terms.
4310:
substantial, have small clinics under their responsibility for the treatment of patients in the same fashion as the day hospitals in the major cities. The treatment in this case respects the culture of the community.
3855:
result of a mixture of European immigrants, predominantly from Spain with people from Italy, Germany, France, and Switzerland who have settled in the early 20th century. In addition, there is a small European Jewish (
11439:
3511:
and other multilateral agencies. In April 2007, Ecuador paid off its debt to the IMF. The public finance of Ecuador consists of the Central Bank of Ecuador (BCE), the National Development Bank (BNF), the State Bank.
11750:
10008:
1951:
region in southern Ecuador. This caused a long-simmering dispute between Ecuador and Peru, which ultimately led to fighting between the two countries; first a border skirmish in January–February 1981 known as the
5320:, an Amerindian chief of a northern village in today's Ibarra, born in the late 1600s. Despite the early repression and discrimination of the native people by the Spanish, Collahuazo learned to read and write in
9906:
8628:
Eckert, Scott A.; Alvarado, Javier; Balazs, George H.; Byles, Richard; C. Craig, Peter; Dutton, Peter Howard; L. Eckert, Karen; Engbring, John; Maragos, James E.; Pultz, Susan; Richardson, James Ingram (1998).
5054:
Ecuador's Amerindian communities are integrated into the mainstream culture to varying degrees, but some may also practice their own native cultures, particularly the more remote Amerindian communities of the
14081:
2651:
and recommended that Ecuador should stop the criminal sanctions for the expression of opinions, and delay in implementing judicial reforms. Ecuador rejected the recommendation on decriminalization of libel.
3866:
Ecuador also has a small population of Asian origins, mainly those from West Asia, like the economically well off descendants of Lebanese and Palestinian immigrants, who are either Christian or Muslim (see
7055:"Uppsala Conflict Data Program – Conflict Encyclopedia, General Conflict Information, Conflict name: Ecuador – Peru, In depth, Background to the 1995 fighting and Ecuador and Peru engage in armed conflict"
5705:
8069:
171:
8299:
5679:
1038:, between 2006 and 2016, poverty decreased from 36.7% to 22.5% and annual per capita GDP growth was 1.5 percent (as compared to 0.6 percent over the prior two decades). At the same time, the country's
11689:
11378:
9468:
2416:
ministers of State and public servants. The executive branch defines foreign policy, appoints the Chancellor of the Republic, as well as ambassadors and consuls, being the ultimate authority over the
4249:. Nevertheless, this number is declining because young people leave the country for the United States or Israel. Today, the Jewish Community of Ecuador (Comunidad Judía del Ecuador) has its seat in
3618:
The country has two cities with UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Quito and Cuenca, as well as two natural UNESCO World Heritage Sites: the Galapagos Islands and Sangay National Park, in addition to one
13646:
9705:
6328:
3784:
Orellana, the Esmeraldas River Bridge in the city of the same name, and, perhaps the most remarkable of all, the Bahia – San Vincente Bridge, being the largest on the Latin American Pacific coast.
8800:
Carvajal, Ana María (10 de enero de 2019). «Quito se convirtió en la ciudad más poblada del Ecuador con más de 3 millones de habitantes en el 2018». El Comercio. Consultado el 11 de enero de 2019.
9604:
8760:
7323:
7119:
3278:
Because of its location at the equator, Ecuador experiences little variation in daylight hours during the course of a year. Both sunrise and sunset occur each day at the two six o'clock hours.
2130:
7730:
14010:
9634:
2247:. The government eventually returned to Quito in 2019. On 14 October 2019, the government restored fuel subsidies and withdrew an austerity package, which ended nearly two weeks of protests.
8049:
7211:
6765:
Sandoval, José R.; Lacerda, Daniela R.; Jota, Marilza M. S.; Robles-Ruiz, Paulo; Danos, Pierina; Paz-y-Miño, César; Wells, Spencer; Santos, Fabrício R.; Fujita, Ricardo (10 September 2020).
13030:
10614:
8649:
Foraging hawksbills have been reported from virtually all of the island groups of Oceania, from the Galapagos Islands in the eastern Pacific to the Republic of Palau in the western Pacific.
8636:
7614:
14005:
10672:
10429:
10399:
7454:
5271:, de rigueur in mostly indigenous communities, reflects the predominantly native character of the highlands. Considered a delicacy it is often characterized as having a mild pork flavor.
3025:
in the north (with a 590 km (367 mi) border) and Peru in the east and south (with a 1,420 km (882 mi) border). It is the westernmost country that lies on the equator.
2566:
9405:
9078:
12719:
9100:
7150:
10280:
7813:
7791:
169:
11720:
10180:
7532:
13636:
9658:
4931:
is one famed Briton that hailed from Ancon. The town has now become an attraction due to the austere British homes in "El Barrio Ingles" situated in a contrasting tropical setting.
2223:. In addition, the government waived the right to tax increases in raw material prices and foreign exchange repatriations. In October 2018, Moreno cut diplomatic relations with the
11019:
1379:
called for independence from Spain (first among the peoples of Latin America). They were led by Juan Pío Montúfar, Quiroga, Salinas, and Bishop Cuero y Caicedo. Quito's nickname, "
13877:
9451:
8560:
8148:
7431:
6949:
6503:
2378:
elected in 2007, and was approved by referendum in 2008. Since 1936, voting is compulsory for all literate persons aged 18–65, optional for all other citizens over the age of 16.
10980:
6397:
11518:
11251:
10119:
8252:
4295:
The public healthcare system allows patients to be treated without an appointment in public general hospitals by general practitioners and specialists in the outpatient clinic (
2550:, the country returned to OPEC before leaving again in 2020 under the instruction of President Moreno, citing its desire to increase crude oil exportation to gain more revenue.
3871:), and an East Asian community mainly consisting of those of Japanese and Chinese descent, whose ancestors arrived as miners, farmhands and fishermen in the late 19th century.
10537:
8823:
7866:
7835:
3995:(Quechua) and other pre-colonial American languages were spoken by 2,500,000. Ethnologues estimate that the country has about 24 living indigenous languages. Among the 24 are
1991:
peace agreement on 26 October 1998, which ended hostilities, and effectively put an end to the Western Hemisphere's longest running territorial dispute. The Guarantors of the
11180:
8518:
8347:
7910:
5256:, is served with "yogur persa" and is often eaten as a snack in many coastal cities. Its origin comes from the Persian and Middle Eastern populations that settled the coast.
14191:
11431:
10451:
5497:
from expressionism and figurative style and Luis Burgos Flor with his abstract, futuristic style. The Amerindian people of Tigua, Ecuador, are also world-renowned for their
3508:
10228:
8809:«Quito es ahora la ciudad más poblada de Ecuador». El Telégrafo. 12 de enero de 2019. Archivado desde el original el 27 de marzo de 2019. Consultado el 12 de enero de 2019.
4927:
is the world's largest producer of platinum, with around 40% of world output, as well as being a major producer of diamonds, copper, nickel, iron ore and steelmaking coal.
14061:
14035:
14030:
14025:
14020:
14000:
11742:
10318:
8401:
10790:
8086:
11202:
10957:
10639:
7967:
8717:
7054:
6577:
5059:. Spanish is spoken as the first language by more than 90% of the population and as a first or second language by more than 98%. Part of Ecuador's population can speak
3225:(6,268 m, or 20,560 ft, above sea level), Ecuador's tallest mountain, is the most distant point from the center of the Earth on the Earth's surface because of the
1728:
wished to liberate present-day Ecuador and add it to the future republic of Peru, since it had been part of the Inca Empire before the Spaniards conquered it. However,
170:
10754:
9903:
7558:
6233:
10732:
1305:
promised to release Atahualpa if he made good his promise of filling a room full of gold. But, after a mock trial, the Spaniards executed Atahualpa by strangulation.
13422:
13023:
11154:
9241:
2284:
1894:
1589:
4867:
In the early years of World War II, Ecuador still admitted a certain number of immigrants, and in 1939, when several South American countries refused to accept 165
14066:
11996:
11348:
10287:
10258:
10088:
4042:
2815:
629:
9957:
2171:
gained the presidency. In January 2007, several left-wing political leaders of Latin America, his future allies, attended his swearing-in ceremony. Endorsed in a
13631:
11111:
10206:
10149:
6983:
1027:
11794:
8066:
7637:
8291:
7761:
4989:. Authorities argue that an estimated 350,000 to 400,000 Colombians live in Ecuador, porous borders and lack of formal registration disallow concrete numbers.
3776:
The rehabilitation and reopening of the Ecuadorian railroad and use of it as a tourist attraction is one of the recent developments in transportation matters.
2056:
1791:
voluntarily decided to unite itself with Ecuador due to instability in the central government of Bogota. The Venezuelan born President of Ecuador, the general
5892:
12897:
11370:
9987:
7403:
3991:
Spanish is the official language in Ecuador. It is spoken as a first (93%) or second language (6%) by the vast majority of its population. In 1991 Northern
13870:
13697:
13439:
13016:
12710:
10498:
8487:
6551:
6488:
6466:
6048:
5921:
2505:
2485:
9731:
9709:
9179:
7488:
In August 2018, Ecuador withdrew from Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (Alba), a regional bloc of leftwing governments led by Venezuela.
6339:
14216:
14211:
14206:
9380:
8417:
8321:
7241:
4318:
2275:
1281:
of Coastal Ecuador were the only groups to resist both Inca and Spanish domination, maintaining their languages and cultures well into the 21st century.
11772:
9596:
8118:
3550:, born in 1747 in Quito. Among other notable Ecuadorian scientists and engineers are Lieutenant Jose Rodriguez Labandera, a pioneer who built the first
8744:
7180:
3841:
Ecuador's population is ethnically diverse and the 2021 estimates put Ecuador's population at 17,797,737. The largest ethnic group (as of 2010) is the
11409:
8231:
7271:
7111:
3371:
Despite being on the UNESCO list, the Galápagos are endangered by a range of negative environmental effects, threatening the existence of this exotic
9500:
7722:
3798:
1964:, the Ecuadorian president, famously declared that he would not give up a single centimeter of Ecuador. Popular sentiment in Ecuador became strongly
1696:. In addition, Ecuador's eastern border with the Portuguese colony of Brazil in the Amazon Basin was modified before the Wars of Independence by the
9626:
7381:
4302:
Although well-equipped general hospitals are found in the major cities or capitals of provinces, there are basic hospitals in the smaller towns and
3179:
in Ecuador, and parts of the upper Amazon here have been extensively exploited by petroleum companies. The population is primarily mixed Amerindian
2685:
expressed concerns about the dire situation in various detention centers and prisons, and the human rights of those deprived of liberty in Ecuador.
1014:
whose economy is highly dependent on exports of commodities, primarily petroleum and agricultural products. The country is a founding member of the
10472:
8046:
7888:
7203:
4351:
and secondary education is borne by the government, but families often face significant additional expenses such as fees and transportation costs.
2362:
Ecuador is governed by a democratically elected president for a four-year term. The president of Ecuador exercises his power from the presidential
615:
9810:
992:
descendants. Spanish is the official language spoken by a majority of the population, although 13 native languages are also recognized, including
13863:
10392:
8630:
8439:
7606:
7088:
4214:
2381:
The executive branch includes 23 ministries. Provincial governors and councilors (mayors, aldermen, and parish boards) are directly elected. The
1477:
The 19th century was marked by instability for Ecuador with a rapid succession of rulers. The first president of Ecuador was the Venezuelan-born
10676:
10426:
9402:
7451:
6266:
5974:
1684:
claims on the Real Cedulas of 1563, 1739, and 1740; with modifications in the Amazon Basin and Andes Mountains that were introduced through the
1150:
13692:
13687:
11647:
10370:
9543:
9070:
8465:
6375:
6026:
3877:
account for 7% of the current population. The mostly rural Montubio population of the coastal provinces of Ecuador, who might be classified as
9316:
7142:
13415:
10046:
7783:
7351:
2543:
2087:. However, continuing economic problems undermined the popularity of the ID party, and opposition parties gained control of Congress in 1999.
1995:(Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and the United States of America) ruled that the border of the undelineated zone was to be set at the line of the
1582:
737:
11709:
11051:
10923:
10857:
9210:
8862:
6288:
5792:
1333:, endemic to the Europeans, caused high fatalities among the Amerindian population during the first decades of Spanish rule, as they had no
1057:. In recognition of its unique ecological heritage, the new constitution of 2008 is the first in the world to recognize legally enforceable
14196:
13641:
12857:
11277:
8916:
8201:
7528:
6200:
3213:
in the Sierra region. It is the second-highest capital city with an elevation of 2,850 meters. Ecuador's largest city is Guayaquil, in the
792:
11081:
10567:
9655:
13661:
13377:
12148:
12133:
11614:
11026:
8144:
1618:
1599:
1563:
13008:
10588:
9573:
9447:
9426:
9038:
8551:
8373:
7428:
6957:
6507:
6438:
972:
in 1830. The legacy of both empires is reflected in Ecuador's ethnically diverse population, with most of its 17.8 million people being
11228:
9931:
9683:
9340:
7005:
6628:
4150:
According to the Ecuadorian National Institute of Statistics and Census, 91.95% of the country's population have a religion, 7.94% are
2603:, aiming to promote the universal recognition and protection of the human rights of migrants. In March 2019, Ecuador withdrew from the
2451:
the latest national population census. In addition, statute determines the election of assembly of regions and metropolitan districts.
574:
12017:
11514:
11243:
10127:
5833:
5558:
from Cuenca. Currently the most successful football team in Ecuador is LDU Quito, and it is the only Ecuadorian team that has won the
4613:
3117:. This land contains most of Ecuador's volcanoes and all of its snow-capped peaks. Agriculture is focused on the traditional crops of
2243:
adopted by Moreno. On 10 October, protesters overran Quito, the capital, causing the Government of Ecuador to relocate temporarily to
13656:
12890:
8671:
8599:
2939:
Defense Ministry launched a deep restructuring within the forces, increasing spending budget to $ 1,691,776,803, an increase of 25%.
2292:
2172:
1373:
After nearly 300 years of Spanish rule, Quito still remained small with a population of 10,000 people. On 10 August 1809, the city's
685:
10698:
10529:
8819:
7858:
7831:
7584:
7301:
5441:(Quito School), which developed from the 16th to 18th centuries, examples of which are on display in various old churches in Quito.
5415:
2526:
13408:
12703:
12079:
11176:
9861:
9295:
8502:
8351:
7936:
7902:
7700:
7670:
7506:
6004:
2596:
2476:
occur. Its main functions are to organize, control elections, and punish the infringement of electoral rules. Its main body is the
1575:
1143:
11940:
In the Shadows of State and Capital: The United Fruit Company, Popular Struggle, and Agrarian Restructuring in Ecuador – 1900–1995
10448:
8972:"Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material"
8024:
6909:
5855:
4389:(387,309 inhabitants). The most populated metropolitan areas of the country are those of Guayaquil, Quito, Cuenca, Manabí Centro (
3603:
13839:
10896:
7475:
1035:
10310:
8890:
8398:
8093:
7470:"Unemployment hit a record low of 4.1 percent at the end of last year. Poverty's down about 27 percent since he took office". –
6658:
5105:
and Rockola are clear examples of the influence of foreign cultures. One of the most traditional forms of dancing in Ecuador is
1835:
Peru began occupying the missionary villages in the Mainas or Maynas region, which it began calling Loreto, with its capital in
12500:
11206:
10794:
5569:
5519:
4217:
accounts for about 1.4% of the population, or 211,165 members at the end of 2012. According to their sources there were 92,752
3290:
2570:
10949:
10643:
9469:"New Paper Examines Ecuador's Success in Emerging from Economic Recession; Reducing Poverty and Unemployment – Press Releases"
8635:. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service. p. 7.
7959:
7058:
6101:
4938:
were the third largest national group in terms of numbers of immigrants. It can be noted that, after World War I, people from
13391:
12468:
12226:
11318:
10990:
10931:
10232:
10040:
9882:
8701:
6566:
5063:
languages; in some cases, they are used as a second language. Two percent of the population speak only Amerindian languages.
3259:
There is great variety in the climate, largely determined by altitude. It is mild year-round in the mountain valleys, with a
2935:
and have the stated responsibility for the preservation of the integrity and national sovereignty of the national territory.
2055:(Popular Forces Concentration). He governed until 24 May 1981, when he died, along with his wife and the minister of defense
2037:
1721:
1313:
13110:
11488:
10762:
10724:
9789:
8269:
7554:
6222:
5948:
3275:
and relatively dry, and the Amazon basin on the eastern side of the mountains shares the climate of other rainforest zones.
2070:
of the Democratic Left (Izquierda Democrática, or ID) party won the presidency in 1988, winning the runoff election against
13806:
13666:
12883:
12398:
6229:
3794:
3318:
in the world according to Conservation International, and it has the most biodiversity per square kilometer of any nation.
2477:
2216:
2193:
1513:
unified the country in the 1860s with the support of the Roman Catholic Church. In the late 19th century, world demand for
961:
11557:
Duarte-Casar, Rodrigo; Robalino-Vallejo, Jessica; Buzetta-Ricaurte, María Fernanda; Rojas-Le-Fort, Marlene (12 May 2022).
11134:
9448:
Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, CEPAL, Bases de Datos y Publicaciones Estadísticas "Tasa de desempleo"
9233:
8957:
7989:
6713:
4184:. Most festivals and annual parades are based on religious celebrations, many incorporating a mixture of rites and icons.
1870:, Peru gained control over part of the disputed territory and some parts of the province of El Oro, and some parts of the
1774:
1517:
tied the economy to commodity exports and led to migrations from the highlands to the agricultural frontier on the coast.
14176:
13834:
13816:
13702:
12696:
9359:
6529:
5126:
3619:
2640:
208:
17:
11340:
10096:
4035:
idiosyncrasies reflect the ethnic and racial populations that originated and settled the distinct areas of the country.
3006:
country under certain definitions. Ecuador is bigger than Uruguay, Suriname, Guyana and French Guiana in South America.
2016:
14186:
13651:
13142:
12199:
12194:
12182:
12165:
12155:
12138:
9953:
9833:
3874:
3003:
718:
10202:
10153:
1093:. Quito, which remained the capital of the department and republic, is located only about 40 kilometers (25 mi),
186:
14086:
13315:
12650:
12324:
12204:
12092:
11786:
11544:
11465:
11103:
8941:
8754:
8711:
8512:
5685:
5619:
5372:, famous for his work "Cumanda" or "Tragedy among Savages" and the Ecuadorian National Anthem; Juan A. Martinez with
4191:
3421:
3360:
2395:
2164:
1743:. In Ecuador's southern Andes Mountain region where the Marañon cuts across, Ecuador had claims to an area it called
12241:
7753:
6979:
3191:, although there are numerous tribes in the deep jungle which are little-contacted. The largest city in the Oriente
1470:. In 1830, Ecuador separated from Gran Colombia and became an independent republic. Two years later, it annexed the
14181:
13586:
13095:
10340:
9765:
5881:
4027:(spoken by the Waorani). Use of these Amerindian languages is gradually diminishing and being replaced by Spanish.
3524:
3365:
2599:
lauded Ecuador as the first state to have established the promotion of the concept of universal citizenship in its
2322:
2303:
2267:
10281:"World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100"
9979:
2295:
in February 2023, voters overwhelmingly rejected his proposed changes, which weakened Lasso's political standing.
1678:, that delineated the borders of Spain's former overseas colonies. In the case of Ecuador, Flores based Ecuador's
1210:
peoples of the Amazon basin relied on hunting and gathering; in some cases, this is combined with agriculture and
1130:
13886:
13431:
10982:
Libraries, Telecentres, Cybercafes and Public Access to ICT: International Comparisons: International Comparisons
3496:
2604:
2375:
1874:, demanding that the Ecuadorian government give up its territorial claims. The Peruvian Navy blocked the port of
1747:. These areas were included as part of the territory of Gran Colombia by Bolivar on 17 December 1819, during the
1628:
1252:
arrived, they found that these confederations were so developed that it took the Incas two generations of rulers—
1019:
371:
10494:
8425:
5917:
5188:
being an integral part of the diet. Beef is also notably consumed in the coastal region, traditional dishes are
2553:
Ecuador has maintained a research station in Antarctica for peaceful scientific study as a member nation of the
13745:
12299:
12127:
12118:
9739:
9171:
5573:
5498:
4261:. This community works independently from the "Jewish Community of Ecuador" and is composed of only 30 people.
4225:
3385:
2811:
2562:
1823:
South America (1879): All land claims by Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, and Bolivia in 1879
1551:
1398:
666:
471:
11764:
10311:"Población del país es joven y mestiza, dice censo del INEC – Data from the national census 2010 (2011-09-02)"
9376:
7407:
7233:
6743:
4306:
cities for family care consultation and treatments in pediatrics, gynecology, clinical medicine, and surgery.
3298:
in the world, it also has the most biodiversity per square kilometer of any nation, and is one of the highest
12594:
12589:
12480:
12408:
12214:
12175:
8325:
8122:
6504:"Oficialmente Ecuador es el país de las orquídeas- Noticias de Cuenca – Azuay – Ecuador – Eltiempo de Cuenca"
5407:, translated to many languages); the short story author Pablo Palacio; and the novelist Alicia Yanez Cossio.
5076:
4992:
From 2007, the Ecuador government created multiple initiatives to attract Ecuadorians abroad mostly from the
3825:
1804:
1697:
1521:
1120:
981:
953:
879:
315:
297:
11988:
9271:
8223:
7172:
2837:
13771:
13723:
12862:
12453:
12375:
12365:
12339:
12319:
12072:
11808:
Colloredo-Mansfeld, Rudi (21 March 2011). "Space, line and story in the invention of an Andean aesthetic".
11401:
9497:
7263:
4355:
2014 the mean number of school years completed in rural areas is 7.39 as compared to 10.86 in urban areas.
4303:
3555:
3321:
Ecuador has 1,600 bird species (15% of the world's known bird species) in the continental area and 38 more
2994:
According to the CIA, Ecuador has a total area of 283,571 km (109,487 sq mi), including the
2600:
2521:
2481:
2443:
2382:
2371:
2176:
860:
855:
845:
546:
7373:
89:
14127:
14107:
13671:
13372:
13182:
13038:
12906:
12514:
12463:
12390:
12385:
12187:
12011:
6405:
6170:
6131:
6072:
5136:
3559:
3504:
3484:
3348:
3210:
2574:
2437:
2250:
2203:'s four years as president (2017–21). After being elected in 2017, President Moreno's government adopted
1910:
1867:
1486:
464:
382:
10468:
4964:
countries due to civil wars, economic crises, and dictatorships. The most notable are those coming from
3438:
14056:
14015:
13995:
12609:
12314:
12309:
12160:
12143:
9806:
6654:
5547:
4950:
of 1921 that restricted immigration of Southern and Eastern Europeans as well as other "undesirables".
4159:
3233:
watershed, which runs to the east, and the Pacific, including the north–south rivers Mataje, Santiago,
2421:
2279:
1827:
When Ecuador seceded from the Gran Colombia, Peru contested Ecuador's claims with the newly discovered
1688:(1829) which Peru reluctantly signed, after the overwhelmingly outnumbered Gran Colombian force led by
1674:, also referred to as the Presidencia of Quito. He supported his claims with Spanish Royal decrees, or
1623:
1540:
1386:
1356:
1198:, around 16,500–13,000 years ago. The first people who reached Ecuador may have journeyed by land from
819:
533:
359:
8443:
7080:
5970:
5945:"Tratado de paz y amistad celebrado entre España y la República del Ecuador: en 16 de febrero de 1840"
3035:, or "the coast": The coastal region consists of the provinces to the west of the Andean range –
2847:
2196:
in June 2009. Correa's administration reduced the high levels of poverty and unemployment in Ecuador.
14171:
14076:
13894:
13192:
12415:
12334:
12289:
10831:
10600:
Larrea, Julio. "25 Años de Vida Institucional", Imprenta del Ministerio de Salud Publica, Quito 2008.
10366:
9547:
8292:"Ecuador: UN torture prevention body remains seriously concerned by prison crisis after second visit"
6258:
4444:
4428:
4364:
3260:
3172:
2099:
1988:
1655:
1455:
444:
11639:
10074:
6371:
5348:, born in Riobamba in 1727. Famous authors from the late colonial and early republic period include
12284:
12251:
12037:
12023:
9312:
9048:
7499:"Équateur : Lenín Moreno et le néolibéralisme par surprise – Europe Solidaire Sans Frontières"
7341:
5565:
5543:
4339:
3646:
3492:
3152:
2714:
2314:
2232:
1524:
1363:
1004:
898:
31:
10022:
6767:"Tracing the genetic history of the 'Cañaris' from Ecuador and Peru using uniparental DNA markers"
3085:, or "the highlands": The sierra consists of the Andean and Interandean highland provinces –
2080:
2043:
1768:
1689:
1510:
1439:
1408:
13811:
13707:
12556:
12531:
12490:
12446:
12380:
12263:
12231:
12113:
12065:
11055:
10935:
10865:
8869:
8195:
6303:
5788:
5551:
5210:
is an indispensable coastal dish with pre-incan origins. It is often served with fried plantain (
4851:
4382:
4198:
3815:
3543:
3539:
1961:
1725:
1671:
1638:
1633:
1423:
1348:
1322:
1090:
770:
643:
592:
95:
11273:
11077:
9202:
8912:
6196:
4275:
2988:
2464:, court auctioneers, and court receivers. Also there is a special legal regime for Amerindians.
2199:
Correa's three consecutive terms (from 2007 to 2017) were followed by his former Vice President
1506:
1498:
13712:
13177:
13135:
12304:
10563:
10559:
7859:"Noboa, 35, to become Ecuador's next president following election dominated by spiraling crime"
5542:
from Guayaquil, the most popular team in Ecuador, also the team with most local championships;
5353:
5312:
Early literature in colonial Ecuador, as in the rest of Spanish America, was influenced by the
4608:
4530:
4525:
4218:
4170:
3885:
3715:
3665:
3638:
3303:
2616:
2484:
most voted, enjoying complete financial and administrative autonomy. This body, along with the
2412:
2067:
1613:
1490:
1367:
693:
637:
12688:
11606:
4864:
descent, whose ancestors arrived as miners, farmhands and fishermen in the late 19th century.
3654:
3608:
3542:
in 2023. The most notable icons in Ecuadorian sciences are the mathematician and cartographer
3075:
crop is grown. The truly coastal provinces have active fisheries. The largest coastal city is
2732:
2681:, restrictions on the media and civil society have decreased since 2017. In October 2022, the
2063:
450:
13844:
13576:
13085:
13047:
12624:
12108:
9569:
9422:
8466:"Bienvenidos al Ecuador – Geografía – Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Movilidad Humana"
8377:
6431:
5555:
5530:, as in most South American countries, is soccer. Its best known professional teams include;
5388:
5384:
5337:
5072:
4884:
3830:
3751:
3315:
3295:
2789:
2785:
2745:
2727:
2667:
2644:
2633:
2425:
2404:
2363:
2008:
1748:
1046:
13356:
13346:
13172:
12001:
9923:
9675:
9337:
8849:
7009:
6910:"Under the Southern Cross: Stories around Humboldt and Bonpland's trip to the New Continent"
6600:
5825:
5450:
5043:
4515:
3168:
2833:
1739:
In the south, Ecuador had claims to a small piece of land beside the Pacific Ocean known as
1502:
13821:
12541:
12495:
12403:
12370:
12329:
12272:
10791:"Still in its infancy, Ecuador's free health care has growing pains | Special Reports"
8983:
8632:
Recovery Plan for U.S. Pacific Populations of the Hawksbill Turtle (Eretmochelys Imbricata)
6062:
5611:
5466:
4731:
4726:
4449:
4433:
4334:
3907:
3771:
3642:
3634:
3535:
3443:
3222:
3056:
2952:
2928:
2912:
2821:
2767:
2704:
2694:
2493:
2473:
2212:
2137:
2118:
1419:
1139:
1031:
803:
561:
429:
8852:, Objective 4, Diagnostic, Section "La Biodiversidad y Patrimonio Natural", 2008 (Spanish)
8662:
8590:
5419:
Ecuador has a wide repertoire of colonial art in the country and other museums, like this
4765:
4629:
4210:
3630:
3352:
3344:
3202:
3044:
2995:
2829:
2140:
on 13 April 2000 as its national currency and on 11 September, the country eliminated the
1906:
1782:
in 1824 (named in its time as Colombia), the Gran Colombia covered all the colored region.
1567:
1054:
934:
75:
8:
13596:
13451:
13320:
13055:
12845:
12604:
12551:
12458:
12353:
12246:
11556:
10835:
10702:
9172:"How the Environmental Lawyer Who Won a Massive Judgment Against Chevron Lost Everything"
7580:
7293:
5442:
5380:
5223:
4947:
4833:
4647:
4595:
4590:
4506:
4064:
3719:
3650:
3546:, born in Riobamba in 1707, and the printer, independence precursor, and medical pioneer
3483:
Ecuador has negotiated bilateral treaties with other countries, besides belonging to the
3447:
3381:
3327:
3114:
3098:
3036:
2920:
2903:
2797:
2417:
2334:
2204:
2189:
1788:
1685:
1443:
1352:
1298:
1195:
1007:
937:
in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometers (621 mi) west of the mainland. The country's
407:
13400:
11714:
9858:
9292:
8987:
7932:
7832:""El partido del presidente Lasso ha tenido un desempeño muy deficiente", dice analista"
7692:
7662:
7498:
6432:"Decade of Reform: Ecuador's Macroeconomic Policies, Institutional Changes, and Results"
6123:
5996:
5482:
5428:
4472:
3859:) population, which is based mainly in Quito and to a lesser extent in Guayaquil. 5,000
3407:
2472:
The electoral system functions by authorities which enter only every four years or when
1792:
1667:
1478:
14201:
13801:
13766:
13738:
13511:
12643:
12619:
12579:
12566:
12485:
12441:
12429:
12294:
12100:
12006:
11825:
11588:
11492:
10062:
9014:
8971:
8016:
7882:
7346:
6924:
6795:
6766:
6571:
6467:"South America Banks on Regional Strategy to Safeguard Quarter of Earth's Biodiversity"
6067:
5859:
5750:
5711:
5626:
5490:
5357:
5317:
5313:
5287:
5219:
5215:
5175:
5017:
4924:
4490:
4032:
3947:
3834:
3587:
3416:
3402:
3254:
3110:
3014:
3010:
2793:
2698:
2656:
2145:
1932:
1729:
1482:
1451:
1427:
1334:
1253:
1222:
1159:
1116:
1082:
1011:
993:
11933:
Crude Chronicles: Indigenous Politics, Multinational Oil, and Neoliberalism in Ecuador
10888:
5437:
5263:(guinea pig) are popular and are served with a variety of grains (especially rice and
4817:
4681:
4462:
3048:
2807:
2153:
2126:
1666:
After Ecuador's separation from Colombia on 13 May 1830, its first President, General
1155:
14071:
14051:
13791:
13128:
13040:
Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America - Peoples’ Trade Treaty (ALBA-TCP)
12574:
12546:
12475:
12170:
11829:
11592:
11580:
11540:
11222:
10986:
10839:
10036:
9153:
9019:
9001:
8886:
8750:
8707:
8508:
8481:
8350:. Ministry of Production, Employment and Competitiveness Coordination. Archived from
6800:
6705:
6650:
6620:
6545:
6482:
6329:"Chicham atiakur metek atin turakur, pénke takakainiachu tuke enentaimtusartiniaitji"
6042:
5560:
5531:
5325:
5243:
5005:
4986:
4899:
4663:
4561:
4270:
4020:
3821:
3692:
3160:
3148:
3102:
3064:
3059:. It is the country's most fertile and productive land, and is the seat of the large
3017:, bounded on the west by the Pacific Ocean, and has 2,337 km (1,452 mi) of
2958:
2825:
2801:
2775:
2753:
2554:
2025:
1968:
against Peru: graffiti could be seen on the walls of Quito referring to Peru as the "
1953:
1705:
1471:
327:
293:
11054:. (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC). Archived from
9148:
9131:
5470:
5462:
5192:
and arroz con menestra y carne asada (rice with beans and grilled beef) served with
4919:
4710:
4228:
goes back to the 16th and 17th centuries. Until the 20th century, the majority were
3090:
2307:
2224:
2071:
2012:
1757:
1381:
1186:
Various peoples had settled in the area of future Ecuador before the arrival of the
829:
14166:
13796:
13776:
12853:
12659:
12614:
12599:
12526:
11975:
Millennial Ecuador: Critical Essays on Cultural Transformations and Social Dynamics
11817:
11570:
11308:
11146:
10028:
9143:
9009:
8991:
6790:
6780:
6697:
6689:
6612:
6093:
5738:
5698:
5647:
5527:
5510:
5486:
5321:
5291:
5087:
4692:
4624:
4254:
4202:
4187:
4181:
4052:
4024:
4016:
3996:
3932:
3868:
3735:
3430:
3338:
3268:
3234:
3164:
2873:
2859:
2841:
2663:
2461:
2141:
1890:
favoring Peru with the territory they occupied at the time the war came to an end.
1764:
1693:
1218:
1135:
1058:
1039:
985:
894:
745:
321:
253:
150:
119:
62:
13855:
11300:
9878:
7960:"Ecuador declares 'internal armed conflict' as gunmen take over live TV broadcast"
6616:
5458:
5424:
5253:
3221:, just south of Quito, is one of the world's highest active volcanoes. The top of
13786:
13781:
12727:
12584:
11696:
11651:
10455:
10433:
9910:
9865:
9793:
9786:
9662:
9504:
9455:
9409:
9363:
9344:
9299:
9043:
8945:
8405:
8073:
8053:
7458:
7435:
6027:"Welcome to Ecuador – Geography | Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Human Mobility"
5944:
5478:
5446:
5352:, a printer and main author of the first newspaper in Ecuadorian colonial times;
5345:
5098:
5047:
4954:
4928:
4857:
4799:
4749:
4715:
4697:
4642:
4574:
4556:
4545:
4520:
4386:
4378:
4289:
4089:
4012:
3856:
3787:
3731:
3673:
3596:
3214:
3094:
3052:
3040:
2932:
2924:
2865:
2855:
2771:
2761:
2317:" against organised crime, in response to the escape of imprisoned leader of the
2271:
2255:
2208:
2157:
1981:
1935:(FAE-806) was one aircraft involved in the claimed shooting down of two Peruvian
1852:
1796:
1528:
1234:
1203:
969:
825:
265:
81:
12048:
11432:"Entre lágrimas, 14 ecuatorianos dejan España por la crisis y vuelven a su país"
10393:"Religion in Latin America: Widespread Change in a Historically Catholic Region"
9544:"Ecuador first-half trade surplus rises to $ 390 mln – Energy & Oil-Reuters"
5494:
4240:) among them. Ashkenazi Jews arrived mostly as refugees after the ascendance of
4176:
In the rural parts of Ecuador, Amerindian beliefs and Catholicism are sometimes
3209:
Ecuador's capital and second largest city is Quito, which is in the province of
3205:, some 1,000 kilometers (620 mi) west of the mainland in the Pacific Ocean.
2983:
2531:
2424:, and appointing authorities. The acting president's wife receives the title of
2200:
2095:
1104:
13351:
13341:
13336:
12664:
12209:
11575:
11558:
9234:"Ecuador Court Gives Indigenous Groups a Boost in Mining and Drilling Disputes"
9207:
The Texaco-Chevron Case in Ecuador: Law and Justice in the Age of Globalization
8996:
7993:
6785:
6682:"Early Formative Period of Coastal Ecuador: The Valdivia and Machalilla Phases"
6681:
6335:
5758:
5719:
5597:
5577:
5539:
5420:
5392:
5369:
5349:
5110:
4961:
4861:
4812:
4579:
4394:
4047:
4008:
4004:
3723:
3547:
3528:
3467:
3307:
3188:
3130:
3086:
2682:
2021:
1701:
1375:
1285:
1166:
1015:
997:
269:
12875:
11402:"Más del 70% de los ecuatorianos que viven en España quieren volver a su país"
11341:"Ecuador Was a Retirement Paradise for Americans. Then the Drug Gangs Arrived"
9787:
Ecuador Facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Ecuador
9356:
8559:. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. 1986.
4976:. Starting from 2002, there has been an exponential and significant growth in
1858:
14160:
14142:
14129:
13731:
13601:
12836:
12820:
12123:
12052:
11821:
11584:
11371:"Colombianos en Ecuador vuelven a casa tras terremoto "para empezar de nuevo"
10821:
9005:
7471:
7463:
7327:
6709:
6624:
5474:
5396:
5365:
5306:
5200:. Meat based dishes have their origins in the cattle ranching culture of the
4993:
4943:
4903:
4794:
4783:
4778:
4246:
4166:
3860:
3456:
3272:
3156:
3106:
2877:
2869:
2779:
2678:
2621:
2547:
2220:
2180:
2168:
2103:
1871:
1779:
1740:
1733:
1289:
1278:
1226:
1211:
1199:
1191:
1086:
965:
930:
918:
872:
509:
412:
365:
223:
210:
13753:
12675:
9837:
9132:"Oil Exploitation in the Amazon Basin of Ecuador: A Public Health Emergency"
8468:(in Spanish). 26 January 2020. Archived from the original on 26 January 2020
8017:"Lowering the Voting Age to 16 in Practice: Processes and Outcomes Compared"
6693:
3851:, a term used for coastal Mestizo population, brings this up to about 79%).
2480:, which is based in the city of Quito, and consists of seven members of the
2325:(also known as "Fito"), and an armed attack at a public television channel.
1744:
12219:
11856:
Indians and Leftists in the Making of Ecuador's Modern Indigenous Movements
11313:
10950:"The debate over private and public provisions of education | Capacity4dev"
9157:
9023:
8265:
6804:
6771:
5341:
5056:
4911:
3746:
3376:
3242:
3230:
2318:
2299:
2259:
2148:. The US Dollar has been the only official currency of Ecuador since then.
2075:
1992:
1944:
1936:
1887:
1879:
1643:
1257:
989:
938:
435:
353:
277:
11461:
11150:
6338:). Secretaría Nacional de Planificación y Desarrollo. 2014. Archived from
4856:
Ecuador houses a small East Asian community mainly consisting of those of
3727:
3534:
Ecuador was placed in 96th position of innovation in technology in a 2013
2891:
1947:
failed to precisely resolve the border along a little river in the remote
1414:
13581:
13521:
13461:
13299:
13090:
12536:
10928:
The Department of Labor's 2001 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor
9313:"El Banco Central de Ecuador sitúa el crecimiento del 2008 en más del 6%"
9101:"Exclusive: European banks face indigenous calls to end Amazon oil trade"
8938:
8374:"Ecuador: A Comparative Atlas of Defence in Latin America / 2008 Edition"
7027:(First ed.). New York: New York, Bookman Associates. pp. 15–36.
6556:, Community Environmental Legal Defense Fund. Retrieved 7 September 2009.
5454:
5400:
5264:
5249:
5145:
5102:
4237:
4163:
4155:
3238:
2643:'s (HRC) Universal Periodic Review (UPR) has treated the restrictions on
2535:
2184:
2179:
implemented leftist reforms. In December 2008, Correa declared Ecuador's
2084:
1965:
1883:
1546:
1494:
1265:
1261:
957:
400:
11559:"Toward a characterization of Ecuadorian ceviche: much more than shrimp"
10344:
10032:
9761:
8200:. WORLD REPORT 2013, Human Rights Watch. 10 January 2013. pp. 1–3.
7452:
Correa wins re-election and says banks and mass media don't rule anymore
6530:"Ecuador Adopts New Constitution – With CELDF RIGHTS of NATURE Language"
5022:
4828:
4292:
away from the big cities to provide medical health to poor communities.
2894:, despite being included within Region 5, is also under a special unit.
1403:
30:
This article is about the country in South America. For other uses, see
13501:
12236:
11912:
Gender, Indian, Nation: The Contradictions of Making Ecuador, 1830–1925
9924:"UNASUR (South American organization) – Britannica Online Encyclopedia"
9597:"Ecuador declares force majeure for oil exports, output due to erosion"
6701:
5515:
5268:
5231:
5182:
In the coastal region, seafood is very popular, with fish, shrimp, and
5166:
5114:
5106:
5060:
4981:
4977:
4676:
4390:
4177:
4119:
4104:
4000:
3696:
3681:
3592:
3500:
3264:
3192:
2971:
2111:
1957:
1921:
1913:, making the first two properties in the world to become listed sites.
1882:, signed on 29 January 1942, in favor of hemispheric unity against the
1692:
defeated President and General La Mar's Peruvian invasion force in the
1648:
1514:
1339:
1284:
Before the arrival of the Spaniards, the Inca Empire was involved in a
1175:
13120:
11539:(Perez, M. (2019) Eat Like a Local – Ecuador, CZYK Publishing, p. 24,
8440:"History of the 'Escuela Superior Militar de Aviacion Cosme Rennella'"
7933:"Ecuador declares war on armed gangs after TV station attacked on air"
7529:"Ecuador, Venezuela sever diplomatic ties due to improper accusations"
5791:. (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC).
3762:
3368:
mean score of 7.66/10, ranking it 35th globally out of 172 countries.
2215:, and flexibility of the labour code. Ecuador also left the left-wing
1807:, had always been dependent on the Presidencia or Audiencia of Quito.
1800:
13940:
13924:
13611:
13531:
13456:
13232:
13207:
13100:
13080:
12976:
12951:
12799:
12744:
9302:. NAM News Network (NNN) (14 February 2013). Retrieved 24 April 2013.
7723:"Lasso inaugurated as first right-wing Ecuador president in 14 years"
5535:
5197:
5189:
4965:
4658:
4540:
4477:
4374:
4344:
4258:
4229:
3802:
3677:
3669:
3551:
3472:
3372:
3226:
3176:
3076:
3018:
2963:
2887:
2757:
2626:
2558:
2546:(OPEC) in 1973 and suspended its membership in 1992. Under President
2509:
2400:
2244:
2240:
1875:
1819:
1463:
1434:
1294:
1273:
1171:
977:
952:
The territories of modern-day Ecuador were once home to a variety of
946:
243:
10725:"Most Efficient Health Care: Countries – Bloomberg Best (and Worst)"
7663:"Ecuador repeals law ending fuel subsidies in deal to stop protests"
5026:
3229:
shape of the planet. The Andes is the watershed divisor between the
2090:
1230:
14102:
13965:
13955:
13919:
13591:
13566:
13546:
13506:
13496:
13466:
13274:
13254:
13222:
13151:
13070:
12966:
12925:
12789:
12779:
12764:
12057:
12027:
11017:
8324:. Secretaría Nacional de Planificación y Desarrollo. Archived from
7693:"Guillermo Lasso: Conservative ex-banker elected Ecuador president"
6735:
5201:
5193:
4953:
Most of these communities and their descendants are located in the
4935:
4891:
4760:
4501:
4206:
3848:
3711:
3704:
3700:
3688:
3488:
3322:
3299:
3271:
with a severe rainy season. The climate in the Andean highlands is
3218:
3184:
3068:
3022:
2976:
1527:
in 1851. The descendants of enslaved Ecuadorians are among today's
1459:
1330:
1174:, was an outpost and supplier for the Incan troops, and also was a
1050:
1023:
964:
during the 16th century, achieving independence in 1820 as part of
922:
867:
807:
416:
304:
10673:"Public health care network – Ministry of Public Health – Ecuador"
9627:"Ecuador Resumes Oil Exports From Amazon as Fields Resume Pumping"
7784:"Ecuador president declares state of emergency over drug violence"
6461:
6459:
6163:"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Ecuador)"
6124:"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Ecuador)"
6029:(in Spanish). 1 May 2015. Archived from the original on 1 May 2015
4173:
and 6.97% other (mainly Jewish, Buddhists and Latter-day Saints).
3566:
entrepreneurship in information technology. The antivirus program
2339:
The Ecuadorian State consists of five branches of government: the
2274:
took 52.4% of the vote, compared to 47.6% for left-wing economist
1763:
The war ended when an outnumbered southern Gran Colombian army at
13975:
13909:
13606:
13551:
13526:
13476:
13227:
13212:
13075:
13060:
12971:
12920:
12794:
12749:
11884:
Culture Shock! Ecuador: A Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette
10820:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
10254:
10203:"Best airport in the world – 2–5 million passengers – ASQ Awards"
5746:
5279:
5235:
5207:
5184:
5158:
5093:
5035:
4973:
4939:
4907:
4895:
4879:
4744:
4151:
3889:
3843:
2999:
2236:
2122:
2051:(People, Change, and Democracy Party) after withdrawing from the
1836:
1680:
1302:
1194:' first dispersal into the Americas occurred near the end of the
1089:
established in 1824 as a division of the former territory of the
1070:
973:
395:
308:
289:
38:
10843:
9263:
8845:
8843:
8841:
8145:"Uruguayan government withdraws from UNASUR and returns to TIAR"
7555:"Outcry as Ecuador allows US military to use Galapagos airstrip"
3520:
3021:. It has 2,010 km (1,250 mi) of land boundaries, with
2908:
2674:
and sabotage", which may lead to an eight-year prison sentence.
2042:
Elections were held on 29 April 1979, under a new constitution.
1481:, who was ultimately deposed. Leaders who followed him included
1422:
between the two Hispanic South American heroes of independence,
13945:
13914:
13561:
13556:
13536:
13486:
13481:
13471:
13294:
13264:
13217:
12997:
12992:
12956:
12815:
12774:
12754:
12718:
9293:
Ecuador GDP Grew 4.3 Percent Average Per Year From 2007 to 2012
8067:
Ecuador to quit OPEC in 2020 in search of bigger export revenue
6456:
5283:
5227:
5211:
4915:
4868:
4241:
4233:
3992:
3331:
3126:
3118:
3060:
2749:
1927:
1467:
1242:
11926:
Ecuador in Focus: A Guide to the People, Politics, and Culture
10699:"Medical Services – Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social"
9762:"Mapping for Results – Ecuador, Latin America & Caribbean"
7366:
6837:. Translated by B. Iceland, Harry. Cambridge University Press.
6764:
5101:(highly established in Afro-Ecuadorian societies), and so on.
4960:
Throughout the 20th century, immigration also came from other
3428:
as official means of transaction (before 2000, the Ecuadorian
2923:(Fuerzas Armadas de la Republica de Ecuador), consists of the
1814:
13950:
13541:
13491:
13249:
12961:
12759:
10826:
Rex A. Hudson (1989). "Labor". In Hanratty, Dennis M. (ed.).
10449:
El 80% de los ecuatorianos afirma ser católico, según el INEC
8838:
8047:
OPEC Suffers Another Departure With Ecuador Seeking More Cash
7607:"Protesters move into Ecuador's capital; president moves out"
7204:"Ecuador's New Chief Picks Cabinet; Leftist in Economic Post"
5329:
5259:
In the highland region, various dishes of pork, chicken, and
5239:
5001:
4997:
4969:
4485:
4467:
4370:
4250:
3894:
3888:
are a minority population (7%) in Ecuador, that includes the
3878:
3755:
3661:
3180:
3134:
3122:
2883:
2851:
2447:
2367:
1916:
1902:
1447:
1344:
1318:
1249:
1187:
942:
494:
202:
130:
7638:"Ecuador Government Returns to Capital Amid National Strike"
6680:
Meggers, Betty J.; Evans, Clifford; Estrada, Emilio (1965).
5668:
5572:
is the tenth largest football stadium in South America. The
5302:
5004:
to return after many left during the 90s economic crisis or
3562:, a chemist and inventor of a method of textile serigraphy.
13970:
13754:
13571:
13269:
13065:
13039:
12935:
12784:
11044:
9754:
9403:
Ecuadorian Inflation Accelerated to Three-Year High in 2011
9338:
Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) – Tasa de Crecimiento Real (%)
7234:"Leftist rolling to victory in Ecuador's presidential race"
7143:"Ecuador's one and only official currency is the US Dollar"
5662:
5653:
3072:
1977:
1973:
1597:
1179:
926:
14082:
Initiative for Infrastructure Integration of South America
11743:"Las esculturas de Teddy Cobeña las favoritas del público"
10889:"La difícil construcción de la sanidad pública en Ecuador"
9071:"European banks urged to stop funding oil trade in Amazon"
7903:"Business heir Daniel Noboa sworn in as Ecuador president"
6736:"Quito History - Culture, Religion and Lifestyle in Quito"
4946:
but who could no longer enter this country because of the
4257:. The "Comunidad de Culto Israelita" reunites the Jews of
13430:
10229:"Quito, Ecuador's New Airport – Gateway to the Galápagos"
8627:
7429:"Correa's and Ecuador's Success drive The Economist Nuts"
3509:
CAF – Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean
2648:
2499:
1557:
1154:
Figure of the Jama Coaque culture (300 BCE-800 CE) (from
884:
11961:
Lonely Planet Guide: Ecuador & the Galápagos Islands
10367:"Central America and Caribbean :: PAPUA NEW GUINEA"
10288:
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs
10259:
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs
9859:
South American Community Nations – Andean Community -CAN
8968:
5391:; the poets Medardo Angel Silva, Jorge Carrera Andrade,
4284:
is appointed directly by the President of the Republic.
4043:
Equatorial Pacific Spanish or Equatorial Coastal Spanish
1073:" in Spanish, truncated from the Spanish official name,
11891:
Indians, Oil, and Politics: A Recent History of Ecuador
9706:"Downloads – Statistics – Production-Related Documents"
7814:"Drug capo among 16 dead in bloody Ecuador prison riot"
7342:"Ecuador Re-elects President, Preliminary Results Show"
6982:(in Spanish). Presidencia de la República del Ecuador.
5435:
The best known art styles from Ecuador belonged to the
2066:
from the Social Christian Party was elected president.
1670:, laid claim to the territory that had belonged to the
1366:, which caused up to 40,000 casualties, was studied by
272:
and others "are in official use for indigenous peoples"
11515:"Yogurt Persa: De Ecuador a Argentina y Latinoamérica"
11135:"Los Sirio-Libaneses En El Espacio Social Ecuatoriano"
8253:
Reforma judicial en Ecuador debe hacerse hasta el 2015
5282:. Many fruits are available in this region, including
3607:
Santuario Nuestra Señora del Rosario de Agua Santa in
2262:(right) at the latter's inauguration in November 2023.
2228:
between an Ecuadorian and U.S. president in 17 years.
2156:
from office by Congress in April 2005. Vice President
11968:
Histories of the Present: People and Power in Ecuador
11905:
Portrait of a Nation: Culture and Progress in Ecuador
11644:
Journal de la Academia de Literatura Hispanoamericana
11462:"Cuenca Ecuador – How The American Dream Moved South"
11177:"El Guayaquil que acogió a los migrantes extranjeros"
10850:
9825:
8399:
History of the "Escuela Superior Militar Eloy Alfaro"
8170:
Horvitz, Leslie Ann; Catherwood, Christopher (2006).
7754:"Lenín Moreno's legacy to Guillermo Lasso in Ecuador"
6956:(in European Spanish). 10 August 2017. Archived from
5686:
5659:
5656:
5379:
Contemporary Ecuadorian writers include the novelist
2031:
1732:'s intention was to form a new republic known as the
1337:. At the same time, the natives were forced into the
14192:
Member states of the Union of South American Nations
13698:
American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man
11997:
CIA Library Site: Chief of State and Cabinet Members
10640:"Program of the Ministry of Public Health – Ecuador"
10009:
Ecuador ocupa el puesto 96 en innovación tecnológica
9665:. Banco Central del Ecuador (January–February 2008).
9377:"Ecuador Inflation rate (consumer prices) – Economy"
9366:. Bce.fin.ec (11 July 2012). Retrieved 26 July 2012.
8703:
Oceania and Beyond: Essays on the Pacific Since 1945
6356:
Pellizzaro, Siro M.; Nàwech, Fàusto Oswaldo (2003).
5665:
5587:
3337:
Ecuador has the first constitution to recognize the
2506:
Council for Citizen Participation and Social Control
2504:
The Transparency and Social Control consists of the
2007:
In 1972, a "revolutionary and nationalist" military
1081:"Republic of the Equator"), derived from the former
13885:
9129:
8962:
8119:"Ecuador Launches New Human Mobility National Plan"
7404:"Public spending fuels Ecuador leader's popularity"
6980:"Galápagos celebra un año más de provincialización"
6679:
6567:"Figure Seated on a Bench with Hands Held to Mouth"
6358:
Chicham: Dictionario Enciclopédico Shuar-Castellano
6259:"Constitución de la República del Ecuador en Shuar"
5856:"Constitución Política de la República del Ecuador"
5650:
5336:Other early Ecuadorian writers include the Jesuits
5029:
children with the typical Andean indigenous clothes
4158:. Among the people who have a religion, 80.44% are
2662:According to HRW, Correa's government weakened the
1351:(administrative district) of Spain and part of the
1042:of economic inequality improved from 0.55 to 0.47.
11807:
11104:"La libanesa, una colonia con historia desde 1875"
11018:Ministerio de Educación del Ecuador (March 2015).
10359:
7581:"Trump Receives Ecuadorian President Lenín Moreno"
5745:, which literally translates as "Republic of the
5196:. The latter is an emblematic dish of the city of
13755:Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
11877:Moon Guidebook: Ecuador and the Galápagos Islands
11080:. American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise. 2004.
10589:Población total 11,700,000 ~ Población judía 1000
10341:"The Roma Gypsies of Colombia | Latino Life"
8598:. Department of Biology, University of Missouri.
8169:
5973:. Central Intelligence Agency. 27 February 2023.
5399:; the novelist Enrique Gil Gilbert; the novelist
5050:man with the typical Amazonian indigenous clothes
2306:with 52.3% of the vote against leftist candidate
2002:
1217:Many civilizations arose in Ecuador, such as the
14158:
11863:Highland Indians and the State in Modern Ecuador
11108:La libanesa, una colonia con historia desde 1875
10934:, U.S. Department of Labor. 2002. Archived from
10286:("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)").
9879:"Profile: Mercosur – Common Market of the South"
9868:. Comunidadandina.org. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
9796:. Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 14 September 2012.
8820:"En Equateur, "s'habituer à vivre sans glacier""
8486:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
8246:
6950:"Ecuador en el día de la Independencia nacional"
6550:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
6487:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
6355:
6047:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
3558:, a botanist and biologist of Andean flora; and
2287:parties to push through his legislative agenda.
2235:began on 3 October 2019 against the end of fuel
2183:illegitimate, based on the argument that it was
2011:overthrew the government of Velasco Ibarra. The
12905:
11919:Ecuador and the United States: Useful Strangers
11020:"Estadística Educativa, Reporte de indicadores"
10701:. Iess.gob.ec. 19 February 2010. Archived from
10519:2017 Service Year Report of Jehovah's Witnesses
9264:"Yahoo! Noticias España – Los titulares de hoy"
8553:Review of the Protected Areas System in Oceania
8015:Eichhorn, Jan; Bergh, Johannes (14 July 2021).
7467:. 19 February 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
6877:
6469:. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007
4890:In the early 1900s, there was immigration from
4215:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
3129:and the population is predominantly Amerindian
1190:. The archeological evidence suggests that the
573:283,561 km (109,484 sq mi) (
13693:Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance
11947:The Ecuador Reader: History, Culture, Politics
10755:"Country Comparison: Life Expectancy at Birth"
10534:Greater Miami Jewish Federation Community Post
8348:"Región 4 – Santo Domingo, Manabí y Galápagos"
7294:"Ecuador referendum endorses new constitution"
6532:. Archived from the original on 3 October 2008
5274:In the Amazon region, a dietary staple is the
3071:. This region is also where most of Ecuador's
3028:The country has four main geographic regions:
2864:Region 7 (27,571 km, or 10,645 mi):
2846:Region 6 (38,237 km, or 14,763 mi):
2820:Region 5 (38,420 km, or 14,834 mi):
2784:Region 3 (44,710 km, or 17,263 mi):
2766:Region 2 (43,498 km, or 16,795 mi):
2744:Region 1 (42,126 km, or 16,265 mi):
1293:Spaniards headed by Francisco Pizarro reached
13871:
13739:
13416:
13136:
13024:
12891:
12704:
12680:
12073:
11707:
11305:Diasporas. Circulations, Migrations, Histoire
10825:
10788:
10495:"LDS Newsroom, Facts and Statistics, Ecuador"
8014:
7857:Alvarado, Tara John, Abel (15 October 2023).
7049:
7047:
6847:
6398:"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019"
6116:
5882:"Ecuador: Censo de Población y Vivienda 2022"
5033:Ecuador's dominant culture is defined by its
4845:
3147:, or "the east": The oriente consists of the
2806:Region 4 (22,257 km, or 8,594 mi):
2722:
2711:), each with its own administrative capital:
2588:In 2017, the Ecuadorian parliament adopted a
2544:Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
1583:
1206:or by boat down the Pacific Ocean coastline.
148:
111:
53:
12858:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
11486:
10530:"The Lost Sephardic Tribes of Latin America"
10385:
10273:
10027:. World Intellectual Property Organization.
9347:. Indexmundi.com. Retrieved 28 January 2013.
7887:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
7406:. Voxxi.com. 25 January 2012. Archived from
6157:
6155:
6153:
4416:According to the 2020 population projections
3799:José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport
3267:in lowlands. The Pacific coastal area has a
1715:
1442:defeated the Spanish Royalist forces at the
13662:Inter-American Telecommunication Commission
13200:
12720:Countries and dependencies of South America
10667:
10665:
10663:
10661:
10308:
9492:
9490:
8749:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 347.
7324:"Avenger against oligarchy" wins in Ecuador
7025:Zarumilla-Marañón: the Ecuador-Peru dispute
5356:(born in Guayaquil), famous for his ode to
5267:) or potatoes. The consumption of "Cuy" or
4369:The five largest cities in the country are
3754:bus rapid transit system that runs through
2688:
2310:. On 23 November 2023, Noboa was sworn in.
2117:Ecuador won its first Olympic medal in the
1815:Struggle for possession of the Amazon Basin
1245:, groups of nations formed confederations.
960:during the 15th century. The territory was
14217:States and territories established in 1822
14212:States and territories established in 1830
14207:Spanish-speaking countries and territories
13878:
13864:
13746:
13732:
13423:
13409:
13143:
13129:
13031:
13017:
12898:
12884:
12711:
12697:
12080:
12066:
11954:Insight Guidebook: Ecuador & Galápagos
11679:, The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1952
11634:
11632:
11241:
10634:
10632:
10611:"History of the Ministry of Public Health"
10174:
10024:Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition
9980:"Ecuador says pays off last debt with IMF"
9656:Ecuador: Evolucion de la Balanza Comercial
9496:Rebeca, Ray and Sara, Kozameh. (May 2012)
9357:Banco Central del Ecuador – Resumen de pib
8863:"Ecuador – Biodiversity Conservation"
8322:"Niveles administrativos de planificación"
7316:
7044:
5226:. The coast is also a leading producer of
5109:. It is originally from northern Ecuador (
2442:The legislative branch is embodied by the
2328:
1590:
1576:
1144:National Archaeological Museum of Florence
956:that were gradually incorporated into the
897:until 2000, replaced by the US dollar and
192:Location of Ecuador (dark green)
185:
13657:Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
13647:Secretariat for Multidimensional Security
11945:Torre, C. de la and Striffler, S. (2008)
11870:Cañar: A Year in the Highlands of Ecuador
11574:
11312:
10117:
9147:
9130:San Sebastian, M.; Hurtig, A. K. (2004).
9013:
8995:
6862:
6794:
6784:
6686:Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology
6291:Ayamrumamu nuyá Iniankasrik Ayamruma Papi
6150:
5423:Yapanga from colonial Quito, in 1783, by
5092:The music of Ecuador has a long history.
3625:Among the main tourist destinations are:
3377:oil exploitation of the Amazon rainforest
3063:exportation plantations of the companies
2114:fought between Ecuador and Peru in 1995.
2083:" ("Alfaro Lives, Dammit!"), named after
1619:First Ecuadorian-Peruvian War (1857-1860)
1370:, when he visited the area in 1801–1802.
1053:plants and animals, such as those of the
755:
11765:"Teddy Cobeña expondrá en Europa y Asia"
11298:
10918:
10916:
10914:
10784:
10782:
10780:
10658:
9595:Valencia, Alexandra (13 December 2021).
9594:
9487:
9037:Lemonick, Michael D. (30 October 1995).
9036:
8937:Ministry of the environment of Ecuador,
8660:
8592:A Check List of the Syrphidae of Oceania
7856:
7635:
7109:
6832:
6817:
5514:
5414:
5301:
5042:
5021:
4338:
4274:
4186:
4011:(spoken by the Achuar and the Shiwiar),
3829:
3761:
3745:
3602:
3591:
3578:are products of Ecuadorian development.
3519:
3515:
3475:, real estate center for the upper class
3466:
3437:
3406:
3343:
3289:
2982:
2970:
2962:
2907:
2726:
2713:
2620:
2597:International Organization for Migration
2525:
2446:, which is headquartered in the city of
2399:
2249:
2089:
1926:
1915:
1862:Map of Ecuadorian land claims after 1916
1857:
1818:
1773:
1413:
1402:
1312:
1165:
1149:
1129:
587:256,370 km (98,990 sq mi)
13840:OPEC Fund for International Development
13150:
12134:Ecuadorian–Peruvian territorial dispute
11924:Roos, W. and Van Renterghem, O. (2000)
11629:
11244:"Ancón, la pequeña Inglaterra olvidada"
11139:Journal de la Société des Américanistes
11132:
11084:from the original on September 28, 2013
10978:
10886:
10629:
10247:
10120:"José rodríguez lavandera, el inventor"
9231:
8746:France and the South Pacific Since 1940
8742:
8172:Encyclopedia of War Crimes and Genocide
7476:Center for Economic and Policy Research
7384:from the original on September 22, 2012
6907:
6493:, Conservation.org (16 September 2003).
6189:
5918:"Religion affiliations in Ecuador 2020"
3538:study. Ecuador was ranked 104th in the
2298:On 15 October 2023, centrist candidate
1614:Gran Colombian-Peruvian War (1828–1829)
1601:Ecuadorian–Peruvian territorial dispute
1564:Ecuadorian–Peruvian territorial dispute
1450:. Following the battle, Ecuador joined
1343:labor system for the Spanish. In 1563,
1308:
1036:Center for Economic and Policy Research
14:
14159:
11468:from the original on February 10, 2015
11321:from the original on November 28, 2020
11242:Ventimilla, Marcello (7 August 2019).
11227:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
11078:"Ecuador: Virtual Jewish History Tour"
10735:from the original on September 6, 2014
10321:from the original on 24 September 2014
9412:. Bloomberg. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
9200:
9081:from the original on 14 September 2020
8507:. Angus & Robertson. p. 190.
8189:
8187:
8185:
8183:
8181:
8045:Stephan Kueffner & Peter Millard,
7751:
7339:
7333:
7201:
7140:
7091:from the original on 21 September 2021
7081:"Apology Of An Economic Hitman (2010)"
6598:
5942:
5783:
5781:
5570:Estadio Monumental Isidro Romero Carbo
5520:Estadio Monumental Isidro Romero Carbo
4875:, Ecuador granted them entry permits.
4871:refugees from Germany aboard the ship
4279:Hospital Docente de Calderón, in Quito
4253:. There are very small communities in
4038:The three main regional variants are:
4023:(spoken by the Siona and Secoya), and
2577:, and the Bank of the South (Spanish:
2571:Latin American Integration Association
2500:Transparency and social control branch
1558:Loss of claimed territories since 1830
1288:. The untimely death of both the heir
583:• Excluding the Galapagos Islands
13859:
13727:
13432:Organization of American States (OAS)
13404:
13124:
13012:
12879:
12692:
12679:
12061:
11797:from the original on 2 February 2017.
11775:from the original on 2 February 2017.
11753:from the original on 2 February 2017.
11664:History of the Latin-American Nations
11489:"Photos Indigenous people of Ecuador"
11442:from the original on 11 November 2022
11412:from the original on 11 November 2022
11399:
11381:from the original on 11 November 2022
10999:from the original on 29 November 2023
10960:from the original on 15 December 2020
10932:Bureau of International Labor Affairs
10911:
10777:
10302:
10209:from the original on 3 September 2012
9813:from the original on 17 November 2014
9475:from the original on 11 November 2014
9383:from the original on 29 November 2014
9319:from the original on 15 December 2014
9274:from the original on 8 September 2014
9136:Pan American Journal of Public Health
8919:from the original on 17 February 2012
8893:from the original on 1 September 2010
8826:from the original on 20 November 2021
8654:
8494:
7913:from the original on 24 November 2023
7764:from the original on 21 November 2021
7729:. Agence France Presse. 24 May 2021.
7141:Kapche, Patrick James (24 May 2019).
7037:Roos, Wilma and van Renterghem, Omer
6986:from the original on 21 February 2016
6580:from the original on 23 November 2023
6444:from the original on 20 December 2019
6215:
6104:from the original on 13 November 2019
6007:from the original on 20 November 2023
5951:from the original on 16 November 2016
5898:from the original on 12 November 2023
5820:
5818:
5816:
5814:
5812:
5810:
5697:
5368:, a prominent essayist and novelist;
4201:, Amerindian religions, Muslims (see
3758:. It is the principal BRT in Ecuador.
3411:GDP per capita development of Ecuador
3055:, Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas and
2431:
1634:Second Ecuadorian-Peruvian War (1941)
1571:
1545:The Liberal Revolution of 1895 under
1534:
1433:On 9 October 1820, the Department of
1325:, today a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
13667:Inter-American Court of Human Rights
13642:Secretariat for Integral Development
12087:
11723:from the original on 19 October 2022
11280:from the original on 12 October 2022
11254:from the original on 12 October 2022
11114:from the original on 25 October 2022
10405:from the original on 21 October 2018
10118:Lavandera, J.R. (27 December 2009).
10049:from the original on 22 October 2023
10020:
9990:from the original on 3 February 2020
9960:from the original on 25 January 2015
9885:from the original on 10 October 2014
9831:
9768:from the original on 9 February 2014
9244:from the original on 6 February 2022
9203:"Revista Catalana de Dret Ambiental"
9182:from the original on 25 January 2021
8785:
8699:
8677:from the original on 24 January 2022
8605:from the original on 26 January 2022
8588:
8566:from the original on 20 January 2022
8500:
8272:from the original on 23 January 2012
7957:
7869:from the original on 30 October 2023
7838:from the original on 7 February 2023
7636:Kueffner, tephan (10 October 2019).
7617:from the original on 10 October 2019
7022:
6412:from the original on 10 October 2020
6230:United Nations Development Programme
6177:from the original on 15 October 2023
6138:from the original on 15 October 2023
5977:from the original on 10 January 2021
5836:from the original on 10 January 2021
5795:from the original on 18 October 2013
4317:Ecuador currently ranks 20, in most
3881:account for 7.4% of the population.
3795:Mariscal Sucre International Airport
2731:Cabellera de la Virgen waterfall in
2313:In January 2024, Noboa declared an "
2217:Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas
2194:Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas
1649:Third Ecuadorian-Peruvian War (1995)
14197:Member states of the United Nations
13703:American Convention on Human Rights
12247:2010 coup d'état attempt and crisis
12149:Ecuadorian–Peruvian War (1857–1860)
11861:Becker, M. and Clark, A. K. (2007)
10809:
10789:Olsont, David (19 September 2009).
10373:from the original on April 12, 2021
10011:. elcomercio.com. 19 September 2013
9934:from the original on 9 October 2014
9637:from the original on 7 January 2022
9576:from the original on 2 October 2014
9232:Einhorn, Catrin (4 February 2022).
9111:from the original on 8 October 2020
8706:. Greenwood Press. pp. 20–21.
8639:from the original on 4 October 2023
8302:from the original on 6 October 2022
8204:from the original on 6 October 2014
8178:
8151:from the original on 19 August 2021
7970:from the original on 9 January 2024
7939:from the original on 9 January 2024
7509:from the original on 6 October 2019
7304:from the original on 15 August 2022
7274:from the original on 15 August 2022
7244:from the original on 15 August 2022
7214:from the original on 15 August 2022
7183:from the original on 15 August 2022
7153:from the original on 5 October 2022
6897:. Presses Universitaires de France.
5778:
5564:; they were also runners-up in the
5376:; Dolores Veintimilla; and others.
5127:List of Ecuadorian dishes and foods
2668:independence of the judicial system
2467:
2389:
2049:Partido Pueblo, Cambio y Democracia
1268:in 1463 sharing the same language.
24:
13652:Inter-American Commission of Women
11840:
11617:from the original on 22 April 2021
11607:"Ecuador's Exports – Fruit Galore"
11521:from the original on 25 March 2023
11491:. South-images.com. Archived from
11400:Guede, Araceli (24 October 2012).
10427:El 80% de ecuatorianos es católico
9213:from the original on 14 April 2021
8087:"Ley Orgánica de Movilidad Humana"
8056:, Bloomberg News (2 October 2019).
8027:from the original on 30 March 2024
7703:from the original on 14 April 2021
7587:from the original on 13 April 2021
7561:from the original on 13 April 2021
7535:from the original on 13 April 2021
7354:from the original on June 27, 2017
7264:"Ecuador's new president sworn in"
7173:"Ecuador Congress ousts president"
7006:"Assessment for Blacks in Ecuador"
6239:from the original on 13 March 2024
6223:"Human Development Report 2023/24"
5807:
5316:. One of the earliest examples is
4412:Largest cities or towns in Ecuador
3002:, which would thus make Ecuador a
2567:Latin American Energy Organization
2515:
2454:
2407:, seat of the President of Ecuador
2053:Concentración de Fuerzas Populares
2032:Return to democracy (1979–present)
1229:(near present-day Quito), and the
976:, followed by large minorities of
933:on the west. It also includes the
261:Recognized regional languages
25:
14228:
14087:Council of South American Defense
13637:Secretariat for Political Affairs
12469:1998–1999 Ecuador economic crisis
11982:
11183:from the original on 6 March 2022
11179:. El Telegrafo. 16 October 2020.
11157:from the original on 30 June 2015
10570:from the original on 17 July 2011
10540:from the original on 30 June 2014
10501:from the original on 28 June 2019
10255:"World Population Prospects 2022"
10095:. 28 October 2013. Archived from
9954:"Union of South American Nations"
9807:"Ranking 2010 – Ranking completo"
9676:"Bananas Exports by Country 2021"
9607:from the original on 24 June 2022
9429:from the original on 16 June 2013
8788:Ecuador and the Galápagos Islands
8521:from the original on 4 April 2023
8234:from the original on 27 June 2017
7794:from the original on 5 March 2022
7752:García, Alberto (16 April 2021).
7673:from the original on 3 March 2022
6892:
6746:from the original on 25 July 2022
6716:from the original on 17 June 2022
6661:from the original on 30 June 2022
6631:from the original on 25 July 2022
6599:Ferdon, Edwin N. (24 June 1966).
6378:from the original on 7 April 2024
6269:from the original on 4 April 2019
6203:from the original on 14 June 2020
5620:Index of Ecuador-related articles
5169:) are some of the typical dishes.
4358:
3460:(69,200 m/d) in early 2022.
2396:List of heads of state of Ecuador
2038:History of Ecuador (1990–present)
1509:, among others. The conservative
1297:and lured Atahualpa into a trap (
1178:, a place of worship to the Sun (
1134:A Venus (2,300-2,000 BCE) of the
1078:
1049:in the world, Ecuador hosts many
13587:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
13109:
13096:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
12835:
12262:
12042:
12032:
11886:, Marshall Cavendish Corporation
11865:, University of Pittsburgh Press
11801:
11779:
11757:
11735:
11701:
11682:
11669:
11656:
11599:
11550:
11533:
11507:
11480:
11454:
11424:
11393:
11363:
11351:from the original on 20 May 2024
11333:
11292:
11266:
11248:anconlapequenainglaterraolvidada
11235:
11195:
11169:
11126:
11096:
11070:
11011:
10972:
10942:
10899:from the original on 15 May 2019
10880:
10815:
10747:
10717:
10691:
10603:
10594:
10582:
10552:
10522:
10513:
10487:
10475:from the original on 5 June 2024
10461:
10458:. eluniverso.com. 15 August 2012
10439:
10417:
10333:
10309:EL UNIVERSO (2 September 2011).
10221:
10195:
10168:
10152:. Eluniverso.com. Archived from
10142:
10111:
10081:
10014:
10002:
9972:
9946:
9916:
9897:
9871:
9852:
9799:
9780:
9724:
9698:
9686:from the original on 20 May 2022
9668:
9649:
9619:
9588:
9562:
9536:
9524:from the original on 5 June 2013
9510:
9461:
9441:
9415:
9395:
9369:
9350:
9331:
9305:
9286:
9256:
9225:
9194:
9164:
9123:
9093:
9063:
9030:
8950:
8931:
8905:
8879:
8855:
8812:
8803:
8794:
8779:
8763:from the original on 17 May 2023
8736:
8720:from the original on 17 May 2023
8693:
8621:
8582:
8544:
8504:Island Realm: A Pacific Panorama
8442:. Esmafae.mil.ec. Archived from
7834:. CNN Español. 6 February 2023.
7733:from the original on 24 May 2021
7374:"Most Popular E-mail Newsletter"
7340:Romero, Simon (April 27, 2009).
7122:from the original on 18 May 2022
5924:from the original on 6 July 2022
5646:
5604:
5590:
5144:
5135:
4524:
4514:
4471:
4461:
4213:. According to their estimates,
4192:Colonial Jesuit Convent of Quito
3366:Forest Landscape Integrity Index
1972:", a reference to the murder of
1329:New infectious diseases such as
780:
779:
754:
732:
731:
713:
712:
680:
679:
661:
660:
167:
88:
74:
13887:Union of South American Nations
11875:Brown, J. and Smith, J. (2009)
11847:Ades, H. and Graham, M. (2010)
10979:Ricardo, Gomez (31 July 2011).
10436:. lahora.com.ec. 15 August 2012
9904:Which are its member countries?
9401:Gill, Nathan. (6 January 2012)
9201:Pigrau, Antoni (27 July 2014).
9149:10.1590/S1020-49892004000300014
8458:
8432:
8410:
8392:
8366:
8340:
8314:
8284:
8258:
8216:
8163:
8137:
8111:
8079:
8059:
8039:
8008:
7982:
7951:
7925:
7895:
7850:
7824:
7806:
7776:
7745:
7715:
7685:
7655:
7629:
7599:
7573:
7547:
7521:
7491:
7482:
7445:
7422:
7396:
7286:
7256:
7226:
7195:
7165:
7134:
7103:
7073:
7031:
7016:
6998:
6972:
6942:
6917:Latin American Applied Research
6901:
6886:
6871:
6856:
6841:
6826:
6811:
6758:
6728:
6673:
6643:
6592:
6559:
6522:
6496:
6424:
6390:
6364:
6349:
6321:
6281:
6251:
6086:
6055:
5732:
5639:
5493:from the Informalist Movement;
5252:, analogous with the Brazilian
4319:efficient health care countries
3809:
3497:Inter-American Development Bank
3448:currency circulating in Ecuador
3285:
3245:, Jubones, and Puyango-Tumbes.
3009:Ecuador lies between latitudes
2610:
2605:Union of South American Nations
2492:which is one of Ecuador's five
2376:Ecuadorian Constituent Assembly
2357:Transparency and Social Control
2207:policies, such as reduction of
1392:
1125:
1020:Organization of American States
929:on the east and south, and the
917:, is a country in northwestern
11970:, University of Illinois Press
11898:Culture and Customs of Ecuador
11640:"Boceto de Poesía Ecuatoriana"
11307:(19). openjournal.com: 72–81.
10862:Campaign for Fighting Diseases
10471:. World Atlas. 25 April 2017.
8194:"World Report 2013: Ecuador".
7202:Forero, Juan (22 April 2005).
7112:"Outsourcing the Money Supply"
6019:
5989:
5963:
5936:
5910:
5874:
5848:
5574:Ecuador national football team
5457:from the Indiginist Movement;
5324:, but his work was written in
4226:History of the Jews in Ecuador
3599:, a UNESCO World Heritage city
3133:. The largest Sierran city is
2812:Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas
2563:Latin American Economic System
2258:(center) with President-elect
2192:. He brought Ecuador into the
2003:Military governments (1972–79)
1399:Ecuadorian War of Independence
628:69/km (178.7/sq mi) (
13:
1:
12215:Supreme Council of Government
11949:, Duke University Press Books
11942:, Duke University Press Books
11935:, Duke University Press Books
11921:, University of Georgia Press
11914:, University of Arizona Press
11858:, Duke University Press Books
11787:"Madrid guarda arte manabita"
11677:Surviving Pre-Columbian Drama
11110:. El Universo. 30 July 2006.
9458:Retrieved on 28 January 2013.
8956:Ministry of the environment,
8121:. 8 June 2018. Archived from
7958:John, Tara (9 January 2024).
7110:Schnurer, Eric (2 May 2014).
6617:10.1126/science.152.3730.1731
5771:
5297:
5234:(to make chocolate), shrimp,
5077:List of newspapers in Ecuador
3826:Indigenous peoples in Ecuador
3487:, and an associate member of
3310:-Nambillo Ecological Reserve.
3201:is the region comprising the
2534:with U.S. Secretary of State
2270:, conservative former banker
2221:tax rates for large companies
1920:Ecuadorian troops during the
1698:First Treaty of San Ildefonso
1407:Venezuelan independence hero
1121:Indigenous peoples in Ecuador
968:, from which it emerged as a
11052:"Proyecciones Poblacionales"
10675:. Msp.gob.ec. Archived from
10642:. Msp.gob.ec. Archived from
10613:. Msp.gob.ec. Archived from
10150:"Checkprogram press release"
9736:Central Intelligence Agency
9498:Ecuador's Economy Since 2007
9039:"Can the Galapagos Survive?"
8850:Plan Nacional del Buen Vivir
8664:The Hippoboscidae of Oceania
8661:Bequaert, Joseph C. (1941).
8531:can further define the word
7116:U.S. News & World Report
6878:Sarmiento de Gamboa, Pedro.
5789:"Proyecciones Poblacionales"
4377:(2.72 million inhabitants),
4373:(2.78 million inhabitants),
4328:
3741:
3574:, and Core Banking Software
3570:, banking protection system
3314:Ecuador is one of seventeen
2987:Napo Wildlife Center in the
2946:
2890:are Metropolitan Districts.
2625:Poor class neighborhoods in
2522:Foreign relations of Ecuador
2383:National Assembly of Ecuador
2144:, in order to stabilize the
1987:Ecuador and Peru signed the
1767:on 27 February 1829, led by
1458:, also including modern-day
1064:
127:Pro Deo, Patria et Libertate
7:
13835:List of secretaries general
13672:Pan American Union Building
13378:Vehicle registration plates
12907:Andean Community of Nations
12501:Water supply and sanitation
12047:Geographic data related to
12012:Central Intelligence Agency
11872:, University of Texas Press
11810:Journal of Material Culture
8076:, Reuters (1 October 2019).
6848:Cabello de Balboa, Miguel.
6406:International Monetary Fund
6171:International Monetary Fund
6132:International Monetary Fund
6073:Central Intelligence Agency
5947:. en la Imprenta Nacional.
5583:
5214:or patacones), popcorn, or
4385:(458,580 inhabitants), and
4199:Eastern Orthodox Christians
4197:There is a small number of
4058:
3901:
3505:International Monetary Fund
3485:Andean Community of Nations
3349:Western Santa Cruz tortoise
3302:worldwide. In the image, a
3294:Ecuador is one of the most
2897:
2703:Ecuador is divided into 24
2575:Andean Community of Nations
2438:National Assembly (Ecuador)
2323:José Adolfo Macías Villamar
1911:UNESCO World Heritage Sites
962:colonized by Spanish Empire
522:• Recognized by Spain
136:"God, homeland and freedom"
10:
14233:
14177:Countries in South America
12161:Liberal Revolution of 1895
12038:Wikimedia Atlas of Ecuador
11977:, University Of Iowa Press
11879:, Avalon Travel Publishing
11849:The Rough Guide to Ecuador
11576:10.1186/s42779-022-00131-w
11464:. vivatropical.com. 2013.
11301:"Italians in the Americas"
10369:. CIA The World Factbook.
8997:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3
8670:. Harvard Medical School.
8376:. ccmr.org. Archived from
7147:People Places and Thoughts
6786:10.1186/s12864-020-06834-1
6655:Metropolitan Museum of Art
5508:
5124:
5120:
5085:
5070:
5015:
5011:
4849:
4846:Immigration and emigration
4513:
4460:
4403:
4362:
4343:University of the Arts in
4332:
4268:
4074:Religion in Ecuador (2014)
4062:
4019:(spoken by the Tsáchila),
3905:
3819:
3813:
3769:
3585:
3581:
3554:in Latin America in 1837;
3495:(WTO), in addition to the
3400:
3396:
3252:
3248:
2956:
2950:
2901:
2723:Regions and planning areas
2692:
2614:
2519:
2478:National Electoral Council
2435:
2422:National Police of Ecuador
2393:
2332:
2035:
1561:
1541:Liberal Revolution of 1895
1538:
1396:
1357:Viceroyalty of New Granada
1114:
1110:
1069:The country's name means "
36:
29:
14187:Former OPEC member states
14095:
14077:South American Parliament
14044:
13988:
13933:
13902:
13893:
13830:
13762:
13680:
13624:
13447:
13438:
13386:
13365:
13329:
13308:
13287:
13242:
13191:
13165:
13158:
13107:
13046:
12985:
12944:
12913:
12844:
12833:
12808:
12737:
12726:
12686:
12681:Links to related articles
12637:
12565:
12522:
12513:
12437:
12428:
12361:
12352:
12280:
12271:
12260:
12099:
11896:Handelsman, M. H. (2008)
11299:Pagnotta, Chiara (2011).
10832:Federal Research Division
10089:"Global Innovation Index"
8255:, diariodigitalcentro.com
7440:New Economic Perspectives
6923:: 203–208. Archived from
6835:History of the Inca Realm
5997:"Ecuador country profile"
5959:– via Google Books.
5943:España (1 January 1841).
5504:
4365:List of cities in Ecuador
4264:
4141:
4133:
4128:
4118:
4113:
4103:
4098:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
3982:
3974:
3969:
3961:
3956:
3946:
3941:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3674:Historic center of Cuenca
3556:Reinaldo Espinosa Aguilar
3261:humid subtropical climate
2641:UN's Human Rights Council
1989:Brasilia Presidential Act
1866:During the course of the
1722:struggle for independence
1716:Struggle for independence
1656:Brasilia Presidential Act
1609:
1552:José María Velasco Ibarra
1456:Republic of Gran Colombia
1260:—to absorb them into the
1005:representative democratic
890:
878:
866:
854:
844:
836:
814:
799:
769:
744:
725:
706:
692:
673:
654:
636:
622:
608:
598:
591:
581:
567:
560:
556:
543:
530:
520:
504:
491:
481:
477:
470:
460:
456:
441:
426:
422:
406:
394:
339:
276:
259:
249:
239:
198:
184:
161:
143:
104:
70:
48:
13160:(Southern Common Market)
12252:2024 Ecuadorian conflict
12020:at UCB Libraries GovPubs
11822:10.1177/1359183510394945
11133:Almeida, Mónica (1997).
10828:Ecuador: A country study
10793:. PE.com. Archived from
9680:www.worldstopexports.com
9298:29 November 2014 at the
8913:"Ecuador's Constitution"
8743:Aldrich, Robert (1993).
8174:. Infobase. p. 137.
7503:www.europe-solidaire.org
6820:Pachacútec Inca Yupanqui
6372:"Población y Demografía"
5632:
5566:2008 FIFA Club World Cup
5429:Museo de América, Madrid
5246:, among other products.
5081:
5066:
4221:in the country in 2017.
4015:(spoken by the Chachi),
3662:Historic center of Quito
3647:Podocarpus National Park
3493:World Trade Organization
3491:. It also serves on the
3393:projects on their land.
3113:, Bolívar, Cotopaxi and
2689:Administrative divisions
2474:elections or referendums
2110:A notable event was the
1644:Paquisha incident (1981)
1505:; and Flores's own son,
1364:1797 Riobamba earthquake
1107:, south of the equator.
945:and its largest city is
899:Ecuadorian centavo coins
37:Not to be confused with
32:Ecuador (disambiguation)
27:Country in South America
14182:Former Spanish colonies
13708:Pan-American Conference
12232:War on drugs in Ecuador
12188:Ecuadorian–Peruvian War
12114:Real Audiencia of Quito
11563:Journal of Ethnic Foods
9928:Encyclopædia Britannica
9503:2 February 2014 at the
9408:2 February 2014 at the
9362:29 October 2012 at the
9343:24 January 2013 at the
8915:. Pdba.georgetown.edu.
8887:"Unesco World Heritage"
8868:. USAID. Archived from
8700:King, Frank P. (1976).
8589:Hull, Frank M. (1937).
7023:Zook, David H. (1964).
7008:. CIDCM. Archived from
6865:El Señorio de los Incas
6694:10.5479/si.00810223.1.1
4957:region of the country.
4852:Emigration from Ecuador
4381:(636,996 inhabitants),
4007:(spoken by the Shuar),
4003:(spoken by the Cofan),
3816:Demographics of Ecuador
3620:World Biosphere Reserve
3544:Pedro Vicente Maldonado
3540:Global Innovation Index
3471:Puerto de Santa Ana in
2921:Ecuadorian Armed Forces
2876:. Administrative city:
2858:. Administrative city:
2840:. Administrative city:
2814:. Administrative city:
2800:. Administrative city:
2778:. Administrative city:
2760:. Administrative city:
2647:and efforts to control
2418:Armed Forces of Ecuador
2329:Government and politics
2315:internal armed conflict
1895:Glorious May Revolution
1868:Ecuadorian–Peruvian War
1672:Real Audiencia of Quito
1639:Border incident of 1978
1629:Torres Causana incident
1323:Real Audiencia of Quito
1091:Royal Audience of Quito
893:
717:$ 122.762 billion (
610:• 2022 census
250:Official languages
113:Dios, patria y libertad
13713:Summit of the Americas
13178:Protocol of Ouro Preto
12205:Military Junta of 1963
11973:Whitten, N. E. (2003)
11966:Whitten, N. E. (2011)
11928:, Latin America Bureau
11868:Blakenship, J. (2005)
11708:Vicente Albán (1783).
11638:Borja, Piedad (1972).
11314:10.4000/diasporas.1818
10887:Ramirez, Loïc (2018).
10564:Jewish Virtual Library
10497:. mormonnewsroom.org.
10454:19 August 2012 at the
10432:11 August 2013 at the
9834:"Industrias en CUENCA"
9792:24 August 2012 at the
9240:. The New York Times.
8224:"Democracy in Ecuador"
7041:, New York, 2000, p.5.
6908:Lavilla, E.O. (2004).
6863:Cieza de León, Pedro.
6098:ecuadorencifras.gob.ec
5742:
5695:Spanish pronunciation:
5523:
5432:
5410:
5354:Jose Joaquin de Olmedo
5309:
5051:
5030:
4347:
4280:
4194:
3838:
3767:
3759:
3666:Ciudad Mitad del Mundo
3660:Cultural attractions:
3639:El Cajas National Park
3611:
3600:
3531:
3476:
3451:
3412:
3355:
3311:
3304:pale-mandibled aracari
2991:
2980:
2968:
2916:
2736:
2719:
2708:
2629:
2617:LGBT rights in Ecuador
2539:
2494:branches of government
2408:
2263:
2107:
2068:Rodrigo Borja Cevallos
1940:
1924:
1863:
1824:
1783:
1487:José Joaquín de Olmedo
1430:
1411:
1368:Alexander von Humboldt
1326:
1183:
1163:
1147:
149:
112:
54:
14062:President Pro Tempore
13845:OPEC Reference Basket
13807:Republic of the Congo
13577:Saint Kitts and Nevis
13316:President pro tempore
13086:Saint Kitts and Nevis
12109:Pre-Columbian Ecuador
11938:Striffler, S. (2001)
11695:25 April 2012 at the
11151:10.3406/jsa.1997.1677
10761:. CIA. Archived from
10290:, Population Division
10261:, Population Division
9732:"The World Fact Book"
9454:18 March 2015 at the
9268:Yahoo Noticias España
8976:Nature Communications
8944:25 March 2012 at the
8072:11 April 2020 at the
8052:11 April 2020 at the
8021:Parliamentary Affairs
7457:18 March 2015 at the
7434:16 April 2015 at the
7300:. 29 September 2008.
6880:Historia de los Incas
6833:Rostworowski, María.
6818:Rostworowski, María.
6003:. 11 September 2012.
5891:. 21 September 2023.
5743:República del Ecuador
5576:has appeared at four
5518:
5499:traditional paintings
5418:
5403:(author of the novel
5397:Luis Alberto Costales
5385:Jorge Carrera Andrade
5338:Juan Bautista Aguirre
5305:
5073:Television in Ecuador
5046:
5025:
4342:
4278:
4190:
4180:into a local form of
3999:(spoken by the Awá),
3833:
3765:
3749:
3606:
3595:
3523:
3516:Sciences and research
3470:
3441:
3410:
3347:
3334:World Heritage Site.
3316:megadiverse countries
3296:megadiverse countries
3293:
3263:in coastal areas and
2986:
2974:
2967:Ecuadorian topography
2966:
2911:
2735:, Tungurahua Province
2730:
2717:
2645:freedom of expression
2634:Amnesty International
2624:
2590:law on human mobility
2530:Ecuadorian President
2529:
2426:First Lady of Ecuador
2405:Palacio de Carondelet
2403:
2364:Palacio de Carondelet
2304:presidential election
2266:In the 11 April 2021
2253:
2093:
2081:¡Alfaro Vive, Carajo!
2044:Jaime Roldós Aguilera
1997:Cordillera del Cóndor
1970:Cain de Latinoamérica
1949:Cordillera del Cóndor
1930:
1919:
1901:In 1978, the city of
1861:
1822:
1777:
1769:Antonio José de Sucre
1749:Congress of Angostura
1690:Antonio José de Sucre
1511:Gabriel García Moreno
1440:Antonio José de Sucre
1417:
1409:Antonio José de Sucre
1406:
1347:became the seat of a
1316:
1169:
1153:
1133:
1075:República del Ecuador
1047:megadiverse countries
665:$ 268.1 billion (
162:"Hail, Oh Fatherland"
55:República del Ecuador
13817:United Arab Emirates
11989:President of Ecuador
11910:O'Connor, E. (2007)
11791:El Diario de Ecuador
11688:Dolores Veintimilla
11495:on 11 September 2012
9909:17 July 2012 at the
9864:30 June 2012 at the
9712:on 20 September 2014
9661:17 June 2012 at the
9550:on 28 September 2014
8786:Dowl, Aimee (2010).
8418:"Armada del Ecuador"
8404:19 July 2011 at the
8328:on 24 September 2015
8065:Alexandra Valencia,
7583:. 13 February 2020.
7240:. 27 November 2006.
7061:on 27 September 2013
6850:Miscelánea antártica
6651:"Valdivia Figurines"
6345:on 20 December 2019.
5985:– via CIA.gov.
5612:Latin America portal
5344:in 1725, and Father
4335:Education in Ecuador
3917:Languages in Ecuador
3908:Languages of Ecuador
3772:Transport in Ecuador
3643:Sangay National Park
3635:Yasuni National Park
3629:Nature attractions:
3536:World Economic Forum
3527:'s first satellite,
3444:United States dollar
3384:case. This American
2989:Yasuní National Park
2975:Historically famous
2953:Geography of Ecuador
2913:Ecuadorian Air Force
2718:Provinces of Ecuador
2695:Provinces of Ecuador
2372:current constitution
2213:trade liberalization
2205:economically liberal
2190:international courts
2138:United States dollar
2136:Ecuador adopted the
2119:1996 Summer Olympics
2102:and his predecessor
2100:Rocío González Navas
2057:Marco Subia Martinez
1939:on 10 February 1995.
1507:Antonio Flores Jijón
1499:Pedro José de Arteta
1420:Guayaquil Conference
1309:Spanish colonization
1140:Santa Elena Province
1032:Non-Aligned Movement
804:United States dollar
600:• 2023 estimate
547:Current constitution
224:0.22000°S 78.51194°W
14139: /
14057:Constitutive Treaty
13597:Trinidad and Tobago
13452:Antigua and Barbuda
13152:Mercosur · Mercosul
13056:Antigua and Barbuda
12176:1922 general strike
12119:War of Independence
11903:Hurtado, O. (2010)
11889:Gerlach, A. (2003)
11882:Crowder, N. (2009)
10836:Library of Congress
10797:on 25 December 2010
10705:on 21 February 2012
10469:"Religious Beliefs"
10099:on 2 September 2021
10033:10.34667/tind.46596
9423:"Ecuador en Cifras"
9178:. 29 January 2020.
8988:2020NatCo..11.5978G
8958:Sociobosque Program
8446:on 20 December 2011
8428:on 10 October 2017.
8354:on 27 November 2011
8230:. 5 February 2012.
8023:. Oxford Academic.
7990:"Compulsory Voting"
7669:. 14 October 2019.
6611:(3730): 1731–1732.
6510:on 29 November 2014
6309:on 21 February 2019
6289:"¡Iniuri seamkur!,
6173:. 10 October 2023.
6134:. 10 October 2023.
5889:censoecuador.gob.ec
5554:from Riobamba; and
5443:Ecuadorian painters
5381:Jorge Enrique Adoum
5278:, elsewhere called
5155:Ceviche ecuatoriano
4948:Emergency Quota Act
4219:Jehovah's Witnesses
4171:Jehovah's Witnesses
4065:Religion in Ecuador
3766:Railways in Ecuador
3655:Baños de Agua Santa
3560:José Aurelio Dueñas
3328:Theory of Evolution
2904:Military of Ecuador
2733:Baños de Agua Santa
2542:Ecuador joined the
2374:was written by the
2335:Politics of Ecuador
2254:Outgoing President
2074:(brother in law of
2064:León Febres Cordero
2017:Guillermo Rodríguez
2015:was led by General
1789:Department of Cauca
1700:(1777) between the
1686:Treaty of Guayaquil
1444:Battle of Pichincha
1438:independence after
1353:Viceroyalty of Peru
1299:battle of Cajamarca
1196:last glacial period
1142:) displayed in the
1034:. According to the
915:Republic of Ecuador
451:Verónica Abad Rojas
229:-0.22000; -78.51194
220: /
50:Republic of Ecuador
18:Republic of Ecuador
13512:Dominican Republic
13357:Venezuelan bolívar
13347:Paraguayan guaraní
13173:Treaty of Asunción
12590:Indigenous peoples
12481:Telecommunications
12391:National Congress
12007:The World Factbook
11931:Sawyer, S. (2004)
11854:Becker, M. (2008)
11710:"Yapanga de Quito"
11650:3 May 2011 at the
11487:Elisabeth Hurtel.
11209:on 24 October 2018
11058:on 18 October 2013
10893:Mémoire des luttes
10868:on 26 October 2007
10759:The World Factbook
10679:on 6 December 2010
10183:on 1 February 2014
10177:"News And Updates"
10156:on 19 January 2012
9840:on 17 October 2014
9633:. 6 January 2022.
9238:The New York Times
9107:. 12 August 2020.
9077:. 12 August 2020.
9051:on 4 February 2013
8688:and the Galapagos.
8501:Todd, Ian (1974).
8422:Armada del Ecuador
8228:The New York Times
7935:. 9 January 2024.
7347:The New York Times
7208:The New York Times
6572:Walters Art Museum
6068:The World Factbook
5862:on 17 October 2015
5830:The World Factbook
5699:[ekwaˈðoɾ]
5627:Outline of Ecuador
5524:
5491:Estuardo Maldonado
5451:Oswaldo Guayasamín
5433:
5318:Jacinto Collahuazo
5314:Spanish Golden Age
5310:
5176:Ecuadorian cuisine
5157:(Ecuadorian-style
5052:
5031:
5018:Culture of Ecuador
4934:In the 1950s, the
4925:Anglo American plc
4348:
4281:
4242:National Socialism
4195:
4033:Ecuadorian Spanish
3839:
3835:Population pyramid
3768:
3760:
3612:
3601:
3588:Tourism in Ecuador
3532:
3477:
3452:
3417:developing economy
3413:
3403:Economy of Ecuador
3356:
3312:
3255:Climate of Ecuador
2992:
2981:
2969:
2917:
2737:
2720:
2699:Cantons of Ecuador
2657:Human Rights Watch
2630:
2540:
2432:Legislative branch
2409:
2345:Legislative Branch
2302:won the premature
2264:
2241:austerity measures
2233:series of protests
2108:
1962:Sixto Durán Ballén
1941:
1925:
1909:were inscribed as
1864:
1825:
1784:
1778:Map of the former
1745:Jaén de Bracamoros
1624:Angoteros incident
1535:Liberal Revolution
1503:Manuel de Ascásubi
1483:Vicente Rocafuerte
1431:
1412:
1327:
1254:Topa Inca Yupanqui
1233:(near present-day
1225:on the coast, the
1223:Machalilla Culture
1184:
1164:
1160:Walters Art Museum
1148:
1117:History of Ecuador
1083:Ecuador Department
1012:developing country
954:indigenous peoples
702:2024 estimate
650:2024 estimate
534:Liberal Revolution
278:Ethnic groups
14122:
14121:
14116:
14115:
14072:Bank of the South
14067:Secretary General
14052:Cusco Declaration
13984:
13983:
13934:Suspended members
13853:
13852:
13772:Equatorial Guinea
13721:
13720:
13620:
13619:
13398:
13397:
13283:
13282:
13243:Associated states
13118:
13117:
13006:
13005:
12945:Associate members
12873:
12872:
12831:
12830:
12673:
12672:
12633:
12632:
12509:
12508:
12454:Coffee production
12424:
12423:
12399:Political parties
12386:National Assembly
12376:Foreign relations
12348:
12347:
12171:Concha Revolution
11917:Pineo, R. (2007)
11662:Robertson, W.S.,
11377:. 25 April 2016.
10992:978-1-60960-772-2
10646:on 5 October 2010
10560:"Jews in Ecuador"
10398:. November 2014.
10042:978-92-805-3432-0
9986:. 16 April 2007.
8875:on 23 March 2006.
8268:. Freedom House.
8147:. 11 March 2020.
8125:on 28 August 2018
7699:. 12 April 2021.
7474:, co-director of
7238:Los Angeles Times
6232:. 13 March 2024.
6071:(2024 ed.).
5755:Ikwayur Ripuwlika
5561:Copa Libertadores
5526:The most popular
5362:Victoria de Junin
5006:La Decada Perdida
4987:Venezuelan crisis
4842:
4841:
4271:Health in Ecuador
4146:
4145:
3987:
3986:
3975:Other Indigenous
3863:live in Ecuador.
3822:Ecuadorian people
3797:in Quito and the
3716:Bahía de Caráquez
3687:Snowy mountains:
3631:Galápagos Islands
3353:Galápagos Islands
3203:Galápagos Islands
3199:La Región Insular
3151:provinces –
2996:Galápagos Islands
2959:Rivers of Ecuador
2555:Antarctica Treaty
2482:political parties
2444:National Assembly
2146:country's economy
2026:Richelieu Levoyer
1954:Paquisha Incident
1907:Galápagos Islands
1706:Portuguese Empire
1663:
1662:
1491:José María Urbina
1472:Galapagos Islands
1321:, capital of the
1055:Galápagos Islands
935:Galápagos Islands
913:, officially the
908:
907:
763:medium inequality
727:• Per capita
675:• Per capita
552:28 September 2008
465:National Assembly
176:
16:(Redirected from
14224:
14172:Andean Community
14154:
14153:
14151:
14150:
14149:
14144:
14143:2.000°S 77.500°W
14140:
14137:
14136:
14135:
14132:
14108:Andean Community
13900:
13899:
13880:
13873:
13866:
13857:
13856:
13748:
13741:
13734:
13725:
13724:
13632:General Assembly
13445:
13444:
13425:
13418:
13411:
13402:
13401:
13198:
13197:
13145:
13138:
13131:
13122:
13121:
13113:
13033:
13026:
13019:
13010:
13009:
12900:
12893:
12886:
12877:
12876:
12854:Falkland Islands
12839:
12735:
12734:
12713:
12706:
12699:
12690:
12689:
12677:
12676:
12653:
12646:
12520:
12519:
12464:Economic history
12435:
12434:
12394:
12359:
12358:
12278:
12277:
12266:
12242:2000 coup d'état
12144:March Revolution
12082:
12075:
12068:
12059:
12058:
12046:
12045:
12036:
12035:
11993:
11956:, Insight Guides
11834:
11833:
11805:
11799:
11798:
11783:
11777:
11776:
11761:
11755:
11754:
11739:
11733:
11732:
11730:
11728:
11715:Museo de América
11705:
11699:
11686:
11680:
11673:
11667:
11660:
11654:
11636:
11627:
11626:
11624:
11622:
11603:
11597:
11596:
11578:
11554:
11548:
11537:
11531:
11530:
11528:
11526:
11511:
11505:
11504:
11502:
11500:
11484:
11478:
11477:
11475:
11473:
11458:
11452:
11451:
11449:
11447:
11428:
11422:
11421:
11419:
11417:
11397:
11391:
11390:
11388:
11386:
11367:
11361:
11360:
11358:
11356:
11337:
11331:
11330:
11328:
11326:
11316:
11296:
11290:
11289:
11287:
11285:
11270:
11264:
11263:
11261:
11259:
11239:
11233:
11232:
11226:
11218:
11216:
11214:
11205:. Archived from
11199:
11193:
11192:
11190:
11188:
11173:
11167:
11166:
11164:
11162:
11130:
11124:
11123:
11121:
11119:
11100:
11094:
11093:
11091:
11089:
11074:
11068:
11067:
11065:
11063:
11048:
11042:
11041:
11039:
11037:
11031:
11025:. Archived from
11024:
11015:
11009:
11008:
11006:
11004:
10976:
10970:
10969:
10967:
10965:
10946:
10940:
10939:
10920:
10909:
10908:
10906:
10904:
10884:
10878:
10877:
10875:
10873:
10864:. Archived from
10854:
10848:
10847:
10819:
10818:
10813:
10807:
10806:
10804:
10802:
10786:
10775:
10774:
10772:
10770:
10751:
10745:
10744:
10742:
10740:
10721:
10715:
10714:
10712:
10710:
10695:
10689:
10688:
10686:
10684:
10669:
10656:
10655:
10653:
10651:
10636:
10627:
10626:
10624:
10622:
10617:on 17 March 2012
10607:
10601:
10598:
10592:
10591:. Congreso Judío
10586:
10580:
10579:
10577:
10575:
10556:
10550:
10549:
10547:
10545:
10526:
10520:
10517:
10511:
10510:
10508:
10506:
10491:
10485:
10484:
10482:
10480:
10465:
10459:
10447:
10443:
10437:
10425:
10421:
10415:
10414:
10412:
10410:
10404:
10397:
10389:
10383:
10382:
10380:
10378:
10363:
10357:
10356:
10354:
10352:
10343:. Archived from
10337:
10331:
10330:
10328:
10326:
10306:
10300:
10299:
10297:
10295:
10285:
10277:
10271:
10270:
10268:
10266:
10251:
10245:
10244:
10242:
10240:
10231:. Archived from
10225:
10219:
10218:
10216:
10214:
10199:
10193:
10192:
10190:
10188:
10179:. Archived from
10175:David Grijalva.
10172:
10166:
10165:
10163:
10161:
10146:
10140:
10139:
10137:
10135:
10126:. Archived from
10115:
10109:
10108:
10106:
10104:
10093:INSEAD Knowledge
10085:
10079:
10078:
10072:
10068:
10066:
10058:
10056:
10054:
10018:
10012:
10006:
10000:
9999:
9997:
9995:
9976:
9970:
9969:
9967:
9965:
9950:
9944:
9943:
9941:
9939:
9920:
9914:
9901:
9895:
9894:
9892:
9890:
9875:
9869:
9856:
9850:
9849:
9847:
9845:
9836:. Archived from
9829:
9823:
9822:
9820:
9818:
9803:
9797:
9784:
9778:
9777:
9775:
9773:
9758:
9752:
9751:
9749:
9747:
9742:on 24 March 2017
9728:
9722:
9721:
9719:
9717:
9708:. Archived from
9702:
9696:
9695:
9693:
9691:
9672:
9666:
9653:
9647:
9646:
9644:
9642:
9623:
9617:
9616:
9614:
9612:
9592:
9586:
9585:
9583:
9581:
9566:
9560:
9559:
9557:
9555:
9546:. Archived from
9540:
9534:
9533:
9531:
9529:
9514:
9508:
9494:
9485:
9484:
9482:
9480:
9465:
9459:
9445:
9439:
9438:
9436:
9434:
9419:
9413:
9399:
9393:
9392:
9390:
9388:
9373:
9367:
9354:
9348:
9335:
9329:
9328:
9326:
9324:
9309:
9303:
9290:
9284:
9283:
9281:
9279:
9260:
9254:
9253:
9251:
9249:
9229:
9223:
9222:
9220:
9218:
9198:
9192:
9191:
9189:
9187:
9168:
9162:
9161:
9151:
9127:
9121:
9120:
9118:
9116:
9097:
9091:
9090:
9088:
9086:
9067:
9061:
9060:
9058:
9056:
9047:. Archived from
9034:
9028:
9027:
9017:
8999:
8966:
8960:
8954:
8948:
8935:
8929:
8928:
8926:
8924:
8909:
8903:
8902:
8900:
8898:
8883:
8877:
8876:
8874:
8867:
8859:
8853:
8847:
8836:
8835:
8833:
8831:
8816:
8810:
8807:
8801:
8798:
8792:
8791:
8783:
8777:
8776:
8770:
8768:
8740:
8734:
8733:
8727:
8725:
8697:
8691:
8690:
8684:
8682:
8676:
8669:
8658:
8652:
8651:
8646:
8644:
8625:
8619:
8618:
8612:
8610:
8604:
8597:
8586:
8580:
8579:
8573:
8571:
8565:
8558:
8548:
8542:
8541:
8528:
8526:
8498:
8492:
8491:
8485:
8477:
8475:
8473:
8462:
8456:
8455:
8453:
8451:
8436:
8430:
8429:
8424:. Archived from
8414:
8408:
8396:
8390:
8389:
8387:
8385:
8370:
8364:
8363:
8361:
8359:
8344:
8338:
8337:
8335:
8333:
8318:
8312:
8311:
8309:
8307:
8288:
8282:
8281:
8279:
8277:
8262:
8256:
8250:
8244:
8243:
8241:
8239:
8220:
8214:
8213:
8211:
8209:
8191:
8176:
8175:
8167:
8161:
8160:
8158:
8156:
8141:
8135:
8134:
8132:
8130:
8115:
8109:
8108:
8106:
8104:
8099:on 29 March 2018
8098:
8092:. Archived from
8091:
8083:
8077:
8063:
8057:
8043:
8037:
8036:
8034:
8032:
8012:
8006:
8005:
8003:
8001:
7992:. Archived from
7986:
7980:
7979:
7977:
7975:
7955:
7949:
7948:
7946:
7944:
7929:
7923:
7922:
7920:
7918:
7899:
7893:
7892:
7886:
7878:
7876:
7874:
7854:
7848:
7847:
7845:
7843:
7828:
7822:
7821:
7810:
7804:
7803:
7801:
7799:
7780:
7774:
7773:
7771:
7769:
7749:
7743:
7742:
7740:
7738:
7719:
7713:
7712:
7710:
7708:
7689:
7683:
7682:
7680:
7678:
7659:
7653:
7652:
7650:
7648:
7633:
7627:
7626:
7624:
7622:
7603:
7597:
7596:
7594:
7592:
7577:
7571:
7570:
7568:
7566:
7557:. 18 June 2019.
7551:
7545:
7544:
7542:
7540:
7525:
7519:
7518:
7516:
7514:
7495:
7489:
7486:
7480:
7449:
7443:
7426:
7420:
7419:
7417:
7415:
7400:
7394:
7393:
7391:
7389:
7370:
7364:
7363:
7361:
7359:
7337:
7331:
7330:, 27 April 2009.
7320:
7314:
7313:
7311:
7309:
7290:
7284:
7283:
7281:
7279:
7260:
7254:
7253:
7251:
7249:
7230:
7224:
7223:
7221:
7219:
7199:
7193:
7192:
7190:
7188:
7169:
7163:
7162:
7160:
7158:
7138:
7132:
7131:
7129:
7127:
7107:
7101:
7100:
7098:
7096:
7085:Films For Action
7077:
7071:
7070:
7068:
7066:
7057:. Archived from
7051:
7042:
7035:
7029:
7028:
7020:
7014:
7013:
7012:on 22 June 2012.
7002:
6996:
6995:
6993:
6991:
6976:
6970:
6969:
6967:
6965:
6960:on 8 August 2018
6946:
6940:
6939:
6937:
6935:
6929:
6914:
6905:
6899:
6898:
6890:
6884:
6883:
6875:
6869:
6868:
6860:
6854:
6853:
6845:
6839:
6838:
6830:
6824:
6823:
6815:
6809:
6808:
6798:
6788:
6779:(Suppl 7): 413.
6762:
6756:
6755:
6753:
6751:
6732:
6726:
6725:
6723:
6721:
6677:
6671:
6670:
6668:
6666:
6657:. October 2004.
6647:
6641:
6640:
6638:
6636:
6596:
6590:
6589:
6587:
6585:
6563:
6557:
6555:
6549:
6541:
6539:
6537:
6526:
6520:
6519:
6517:
6515:
6506:. Archived from
6500:
6494:
6492:
6486:
6478:
6476:
6474:
6463:
6454:
6453:
6451:
6449:
6443:
6436:
6428:
6422:
6421:
6419:
6417:
6394:
6388:
6387:
6385:
6383:
6368:
6362:
6361:
6353:
6347:
6346:
6344:
6333:
6325:
6319:
6318:
6316:
6314:
6308:
6302:. Archived from
6297:
6285:
6279:
6278:
6276:
6274:
6265:. 27 June 2011.
6255:
6249:
6248:
6246:
6244:
6238:
6227:
6219:
6213:
6212:
6210:
6208:
6193:
6187:
6186:
6184:
6182:
6159:
6148:
6147:
6145:
6143:
6120:
6114:
6113:
6111:
6109:
6090:
6084:
6083:
6081:
6079:
6059:
6053:
6052:
6046:
6038:
6036:
6034:
6023:
6017:
6016:
6014:
6012:
5993:
5987:
5986:
5984:
5982:
5967:
5961:
5960:
5958:
5956:
5940:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5929:
5914:
5908:
5907:
5905:
5903:
5897:
5886:
5878:
5872:
5871:
5869:
5867:
5858:. Archived from
5852:
5846:
5845:
5843:
5841:
5822:
5805:
5804:
5802:
5800:
5785:
5765:
5736:
5730:
5709:
5708:
5707:
5701:
5696:
5689:
5684:
5683:
5682:
5681:
5674:
5671:
5670:
5667:
5664:
5661:
5658:
5655:
5652:
5643:
5614:
5609:
5608:
5607:
5600:
5595:
5594:
5593:
5556:Deportivo Cuenca
5534:from Guayaquil,
5528:sport in Ecuador
5511:Sport in Ecuador
5483:Judith Gutiérrez
5461:, Jaime Zapata,
5389:Benjamín Carrión
5148:
5139:
5088:Music of Ecuador
4528:
4518:
4475:
4465:
4413:
4401:
4400:
4297:Consulta Externa
4290:medical missions
4203:Islam in Ecuador
4182:folk Catholicism
4071:
4070:
4053:Amazonic Spanish
3914:
3913:
3886:Afro-Ecuadorians
3869:Islam in Ecuador
3375:. Additionally,
3339:rights of nature
3269:tropical climate
3223:Mount Chimborazo
3173:Zamora-Chinchipe
3143:, also known as
3004:transcontinental
2874:Zamora Chinchipe
2664:freedom of press
2490:Electoral Branch
2468:Electoral branch
2413:executive branch
2390:Executive branch
2353:Electoral Branch
2341:Executive Branch
2177:new constitution
2165:election of 2006
2142:Ecuadorian sucre
2129:won gold in the
1872:province of Loja
1793:Juan José Flores
1787:separation, the
1765:Battle of Tarqui
1694:Battle of Tarqui
1668:Juan José Flores
1604:
1602:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1569:
1568:
1479:Juan José Flores
1387:national holiday
1219:Valdivia Culture
1136:Valdivia culture
1102:
1101:
1097:
1080:
1059:rights of nature
823:
822:−5 / −6
790:
789:
783:
782:
776:
765:
764:
758:
757:
751:
735:
734:
716:
715:
699:
683:
682:
664:
663:
647:
614:16,938,986 (
526:16 February 1840
512:
483:• Declared
262:
235:
234:
232:
231:
230:
225:
221:
218:
217:
216:
213:
189:
178:
177:
163:
158:
154:
151:Salve, Oh Patria
123:
115:
92:
78:
60:
57:
46:
45:
21:
14232:
14231:
14227:
14226:
14225:
14223:
14222:
14221:
14157:
14156:
14148:-2.000; -77.500
14147:
14145:
14141:
14138:
14133:
14130:
14128:
14126:
14125:
14123:
14118:
14117:
14112:
14091:
14040:
13980:
13929:
13889:
13884:
13854:
13849:
13826:
13758:
13752:
13722:
13717:
13676:
13616:
13434:
13429:
13399:
13394:
13382:
13361:
13325:
13304:
13279:
13238:
13187:
13161:
13154:
13149:
13119:
13114:
13105:
13042:
13037:
13007:
13002:
12981:
12940:
12909:
12904:
12874:
12869:
12840:
12827:
12804:
12729:
12722:
12717:
12682:
12674:
12669:
12656:
12649:
12642:
12629:
12610:Public holidays
12561:
12505:
12420:
12392:
12344:
12267:
12258:
12095:
12086:
12043:
12033:
12024:Ecuador profile
11991:
11985:
11980:
11963:, Lonely Planet
11959:Various (2009)
11952:Various (2010)
11907:, Madison Books
11843:
11841:Further reading
11838:
11837:
11806:
11802:
11785:
11784:
11780:
11763:
11762:
11758:
11741:
11740:
11736:
11726:
11724:
11706:
11702:
11697:Wayback Machine
11690:Brief biography
11687:
11683:
11674:
11670:
11661:
11657:
11652:Wayback Machine
11637:
11630:
11620:
11618:
11605:
11604:
11600:
11555:
11551:
11538:
11534:
11524:
11522:
11517:. August 2021.
11513:
11512:
11508:
11498:
11496:
11485:
11481:
11471:
11469:
11460:
11459:
11455:
11445:
11443:
11438:. 4 July 2012.
11436:Chicago Tribune
11430:
11429:
11425:
11415:
11413:
11398:
11394:
11384:
11382:
11369:
11368:
11364:
11354:
11352:
11339:
11338:
11334:
11324:
11322:
11297:
11293:
11283:
11281:
11272:
11271:
11267:
11257:
11255:
11240:
11236:
11220:
11219:
11212:
11210:
11203:"Archived copy"
11201:
11200:
11196:
11186:
11184:
11175:
11174:
11170:
11160:
11158:
11131:
11127:
11117:
11115:
11102:
11101:
11097:
11087:
11085:
11076:
11075:
11071:
11061:
11059:
11050:
11049:
11045:
11035:
11033:
11032:on 20 July 2020
11029:
11022:
11016:
11012:
11002:
11000:
10993:
10977:
10973:
10963:
10961:
10948:
10947:
10943:
10922:
10921:
10912:
10902:
10900:
10885:
10881:
10871:
10869:
10856:
10855:
10851:
10816:
10814:
10810:
10800:
10798:
10787:
10778:
10768:
10766:
10765:on 16 June 2019
10753:
10752:
10748:
10738:
10736:
10723:
10722:
10718:
10708:
10706:
10697:
10696:
10692:
10682:
10680:
10671:
10670:
10659:
10649:
10647:
10638:
10637:
10630:
10620:
10618:
10609:
10608:
10604:
10599:
10595:
10587:
10583:
10573:
10571:
10558:
10557:
10553:
10543:
10541:
10528:
10527:
10523:
10518:
10514:
10504:
10502:
10493:
10492:
10488:
10478:
10476:
10467:
10466:
10462:
10456:Wayback Machine
10445:
10444:
10440:
10434:Wayback Machine
10423:
10422:
10418:
10408:
10406:
10402:
10395:
10391:
10390:
10386:
10376:
10374:
10365:
10364:
10360:
10350:
10348:
10347:on 9 April 2021
10339:
10338:
10334:
10324:
10322:
10307:
10303:
10293:
10291:
10283:
10279:
10278:
10274:
10264:
10262:
10253:
10252:
10248:
10238:
10236:
10235:on 17 June 2013
10227:
10226:
10222:
10212:
10210:
10201:
10200:
10196:
10186:
10184:
10173:
10169:
10159:
10157:
10148:
10147:
10143:
10133:
10131:
10116:
10112:
10102:
10100:
10087:
10086:
10082:
10070:
10069:
10060:
10059:
10052:
10050:
10043:
10019:
10015:
10007:
10003:
9993:
9991:
9978:
9977:
9973:
9963:
9961:
9952:
9951:
9947:
9937:
9935:
9922:
9921:
9917:
9911:Wayback Machine
9902:
9898:
9888:
9886:
9877:
9876:
9872:
9866:Wayback Machine
9857:
9853:
9843:
9841:
9830:
9826:
9816:
9814:
9805:
9804:
9800:
9794:Wayback Machine
9785:
9781:
9771:
9769:
9760:
9759:
9755:
9745:
9743:
9730:
9729:
9725:
9715:
9713:
9704:
9703:
9699:
9689:
9687:
9674:
9673:
9669:
9663:Wayback Machine
9654:
9650:
9640:
9638:
9625:
9624:
9620:
9610:
9608:
9593:
9589:
9579:
9577:
9568:
9567:
9563:
9553:
9551:
9542:
9541:
9537:
9527:
9525:
9516:
9515:
9511:
9505:Wayback Machine
9495:
9488:
9478:
9476:
9467:
9466:
9462:
9456:Wayback Machine
9446:
9442:
9432:
9430:
9421:
9420:
9416:
9410:Wayback Machine
9400:
9396:
9386:
9384:
9375:
9374:
9370:
9364:Wayback Machine
9355:
9351:
9345:Wayback Machine
9336:
9332:
9322:
9320:
9311:
9310:
9306:
9300:Wayback Machine
9291:
9287:
9277:
9275:
9262:
9261:
9257:
9247:
9245:
9230:
9226:
9216:
9214:
9199:
9195:
9185:
9183:
9170:
9169:
9165:
9128:
9124:
9114:
9112:
9099:
9098:
9094:
9084:
9082:
9069:
9068:
9064:
9054:
9052:
9035:
9031:
8967:
8963:
8955:
8951:
8946:Wayback Machine
8939:Protected Areas
8936:
8932:
8922:
8920:
8911:
8910:
8906:
8896:
8894:
8885:
8884:
8880:
8872:
8865:
8861:
8860:
8856:
8848:
8839:
8829:
8827:
8818:
8817:
8813:
8808:
8804:
8799:
8795:
8784:
8780:
8766:
8764:
8757:
8741:
8737:
8723:
8721:
8714:
8698:
8694:
8680:
8678:
8674:
8667:
8659:
8655:
8642:
8640:
8626:
8622:
8608:
8606:
8602:
8595:
8587:
8583:
8569:
8567:
8563:
8556:
8550:
8549:
8545:
8524:
8522:
8515:
8499:
8495:
8479:
8478:
8471:
8469:
8464:
8463:
8459:
8449:
8447:
8438:
8437:
8433:
8416:
8415:
8411:
8406:Wayback Machine
8397:
8393:
8383:
8381:
8372:
8371:
8367:
8357:
8355:
8346:
8345:
8341:
8331:
8329:
8320:
8319:
8315:
8305:
8303:
8290:
8289:
8285:
8275:
8273:
8264:
8263:
8259:
8251:
8247:
8237:
8235:
8222:
8221:
8217:
8207:
8205:
8193:
8192:
8179:
8168:
8164:
8154:
8152:
8143:
8142:
8138:
8128:
8126:
8117:
8116:
8112:
8102:
8100:
8096:
8089:
8085:
8084:
8080:
8074:Wayback Machine
8064:
8060:
8054:Wayback Machine
8044:
8040:
8030:
8028:
8013:
8009:
7999:
7997:
7996:on 12 June 2009
7988:
7987:
7983:
7973:
7971:
7956:
7952:
7942:
7940:
7931:
7930:
7926:
7916:
7914:
7901:
7900:
7896:
7880:
7879:
7872:
7870:
7855:
7851:
7841:
7839:
7830:
7829:
7825:
7818:Washington Post
7812:
7811:
7807:
7797:
7795:
7782:
7781:
7777:
7767:
7765:
7750:
7746:
7736:
7734:
7721:
7720:
7716:
7706:
7704:
7691:
7690:
7686:
7676:
7674:
7661:
7660:
7656:
7646:
7644:
7634:
7630:
7620:
7618:
7605:
7604:
7600:
7590:
7588:
7579:
7578:
7574:
7564:
7562:
7553:
7552:
7548:
7538:
7536:
7527:
7526:
7522:
7512:
7510:
7497:
7496:
7492:
7487:
7483:
7459:Wayback Machine
7450:
7446:
7436:Wayback Machine
7427:
7423:
7413:
7411:
7402:
7401:
7397:
7387:
7385:
7380:. May 7, 2011.
7372:
7371:
7367:
7357:
7355:
7338:
7334:
7321:
7317:
7307:
7305:
7292:
7291:
7287:
7277:
7275:
7262:
7261:
7257:
7247:
7245:
7232:
7231:
7227:
7217:
7215:
7200:
7196:
7186:
7184:
7171:
7170:
7166:
7156:
7154:
7139:
7135:
7125:
7123:
7108:
7104:
7094:
7092:
7079:
7078:
7074:
7064:
7062:
7053:
7052:
7045:
7036:
7032:
7021:
7017:
7004:
7003:
6999:
6989:
6987:
6978:
6977:
6973:
6963:
6961:
6948:
6947:
6943:
6933:
6931:
6930:on 19 July 2011
6927:
6912:
6906:
6902:
6891:
6887:
6876:
6872:
6861:
6857:
6846:
6842:
6831:
6827:
6816:
6812:
6763:
6759:
6749:
6747:
6734:
6733:
6729:
6719:
6717:
6678:
6674:
6664:
6662:
6649:
6648:
6644:
6634:
6632:
6597:
6593:
6583:
6581:
6565:
6564:
6560:
6543:
6542:
6535:
6533:
6528:
6527:
6523:
6513:
6511:
6502:
6501:
6497:
6480:
6479:
6472:
6470:
6465:
6464:
6457:
6447:
6445:
6441:
6434:
6430:
6429:
6425:
6415:
6413:
6396:
6395:
6391:
6381:
6379:
6370:
6369:
6365:
6360:. Wea Nekaptai.
6354:
6350:
6342:
6331:
6327:
6326:
6322:
6312:
6310:
6306:
6295:
6287:
6286:
6282:
6272:
6270:
6257:
6256:
6252:
6242:
6240:
6236:
6225:
6221:
6220:
6216:
6206:
6204:
6195:
6194:
6190:
6180:
6178:
6161:
6160:
6151:
6141:
6139:
6122:
6121:
6117:
6107:
6105:
6092:
6091:
6087:
6077:
6075:
6061:
6060:
6056:
6040:
6039:
6032:
6030:
6025:
6024:
6020:
6010:
6008:
5995:
5994:
5990:
5980:
5978:
5969:
5968:
5964:
5954:
5952:
5941:
5937:
5927:
5925:
5916:
5915:
5911:
5901:
5899:
5895:
5884:
5880:
5879:
5875:
5865:
5863:
5854:
5853:
5849:
5839:
5837:
5824:
5823:
5808:
5798:
5796:
5787:
5786:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5768:
5737:
5733:
5703:
5702:
5694:
5687:
5677:
5676:
5649:
5645:
5644:
5640:
5635:
5610:
5605:
5603:
5596:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5578:FIFA World Cups
5544:Deportivo Quito
5513:
5507:
5479:Araceli Gilbert
5467:Aníbal Villacís
5447:Eduardo Kingman
5438:Escuela Quiteña
5413:
5387:; the essayist
5346:Juan de Velasco
5300:
5173:
5172:
5171:
5170:
5151:
5150:
5149:
5141:
5140:
5129:
5123:
5090:
5084:
5079:
5071:Main articles:
5069:
5020:
5014:
4929:Alberto Spencer
4885:Roman Catholics
4878:Migration from
4854:
4848:
4843:
4529:
4523:
4519:
4476:
4470:
4466:
4418:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4367:
4361:
4337:
4331:
4273:
4267:
4148:
4147:
4139:
4126:
4111:
4096:
4067:
4061:
3989:
3988:
3980:
3967:
3954:
3939:
3910:
3904:
3857:Ecuadorian Jews
3828:
3818:
3812:
3774:
3744:
3590:
3584:
3518:
3405:
3399:
3361:protected areas
3288:
3257:
3251:
3215:Guayas Province
3153:Morona Santiago
2961:
2955:
2949:
2906:
2900:
2856:Morona Santiago
2725:
2701:
2693:Main articles:
2691:
2619:
2613:
2524:
2518:
2516:Foreign affairs
2502:
2486:electoral court
2470:
2457:
2455:Judicial branch
2440:
2434:
2398:
2392:
2349:Judicial Branch
2337:
2331:
2272:Guillermo Lasso
2256:Guillermo Lasso
2209:public spending
2173:2008 referendum
2160:took his place
2158:Alfredo Palacio
2154:Lucio Gutiérrez
2127:Jefferson Pérez
2040:
2034:
2005:
1982:Book of Genesis
1976:by his brother
1817:
1718:
1664:
1659:
1653:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1566:
1560:
1543:
1537:
1529:Afro-Ecuadorian
1401:
1395:
1311:
1204:Central America
1182:), the main god
1156:Manabí Province
1128:
1123:
1115:Main articles:
1113:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1067:
1010:republic and a
982:Native American
970:sovereign state
904:
818:
787:
786:
785:
774:
762:
761:
760:
749:
728:
709:
697:
676:
657:
641:
625:
611:
601:
584:
570:
549:
536:
523:
513:
507:
497:
484:
447:
432:
390:
378:
343:
335:
282:
260:
228:
226:
222:
219:
214:
211:
209:
207:
206:
205:
194:
193:
180:
179:
168:
159:
156:
139:
117:
100:
99:
98:
93:
85:
84:
79:
66:
58:
51:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
14230:
14220:
14219:
14214:
14209:
14204:
14199:
14194:
14189:
14184:
14179:
14174:
14169:
14120:
14119:
14114:
14113:
14111:
14110:
14105:
14099:
14097:
14093:
14092:
14090:
14089:
14084:
14079:
14074:
14069:
14064:
14059:
14054:
14048:
14046:
14042:
14041:
14039:
14038:
14033:
14028:
14023:
14018:
14013:
14011:2009 Argentina
14008:
14003:
13998:
13992:
13990:
13986:
13985:
13982:
13981:
13979:
13978:
13973:
13968:
13963:
13958:
13953:
13948:
13943:
13937:
13935:
13931:
13930:
13928:
13927:
13922:
13917:
13912:
13906:
13904:
13897:
13891:
13890:
13883:
13882:
13875:
13868:
13860:
13851:
13850:
13848:
13847:
13842:
13837:
13831:
13828:
13827:
13825:
13824:
13819:
13814:
13809:
13804:
13799:
13794:
13789:
13784:
13779:
13774:
13769:
13763:
13760:
13759:
13751:
13750:
13743:
13736:
13728:
13719:
13718:
13716:
13715:
13710:
13705:
13700:
13695:
13690:
13684:
13682:
13678:
13677:
13675:
13674:
13669:
13664:
13659:
13654:
13649:
13644:
13639:
13634:
13628:
13626:
13622:
13621:
13618:
13617:
13615:
13614:
13609:
13604:
13599:
13594:
13589:
13584:
13579:
13574:
13569:
13564:
13559:
13554:
13549:
13544:
13539:
13534:
13529:
13524:
13519:
13514:
13509:
13504:
13499:
13494:
13489:
13484:
13479:
13474:
13469:
13464:
13459:
13454:
13448:
13442:
13436:
13435:
13428:
13427:
13420:
13413:
13405:
13396:
13395:
13392:European Union
13390:
13388:
13384:
13383:
13381:
13380:
13375:
13369:
13367:
13363:
13362:
13360:
13359:
13354:
13352:Uruguayan peso
13349:
13344:
13342:Brazilian real
13339:
13337:Argentine peso
13333:
13331:
13327:
13326:
13324:
13323:
13318:
13312:
13310:
13306:
13305:
13303:
13302:
13297:
13291:
13289:
13285:
13284:
13281:
13280:
13278:
13277:
13272:
13267:
13262:
13257:
13252:
13246:
13244:
13240:
13239:
13237:
13236:
13230:
13225:
13220:
13215:
13210:
13204:
13202:
13195:
13189:
13188:
13186:
13185:
13180:
13175:
13169:
13167:
13163:
13162:
13159:
13156:
13155:
13148:
13147:
13140:
13133:
13125:
13116:
13115:
13108:
13106:
13104:
13103:
13098:
13093:
13088:
13083:
13078:
13073:
13068:
13063:
13058:
13052:
13050:
13044:
13043:
13036:
13035:
13028:
13021:
13013:
13004:
13003:
13001:
13000:
12995:
12989:
12987:
12983:
12982:
12980:
12979:
12974:
12969:
12964:
12959:
12954:
12948:
12946:
12942:
12941:
12939:
12938:
12933:
12928:
12923:
12917:
12915:
12911:
12910:
12903:
12902:
12895:
12888:
12880:
12871:
12870:
12868:
12867:
12866:
12865:
12850:
12848:
12842:
12841:
12834:
12832:
12829:
12828:
12826:
12825:
12824:
12823:
12812:
12810:
12806:
12805:
12803:
12802:
12797:
12792:
12787:
12782:
12777:
12772:
12767:
12762:
12757:
12752:
12747:
12741:
12739:
12732:
12724:
12723:
12716:
12715:
12708:
12701:
12693:
12687:
12684:
12683:
12671:
12670:
12668:
12667:
12662:
12655:
12654:
12647:
12639:
12638:
12635:
12634:
12631:
12630:
12628:
12627:
12622:
12617:
12612:
12607:
12605:Notable people
12602:
12597:
12592:
12587:
12582:
12577:
12571:
12569:
12563:
12562:
12560:
12559:
12554:
12549:
12544:
12539:
12534:
12529:
12523:
12517:
12511:
12510:
12507:
12506:
12504:
12503:
12498:
12493:
12488:
12483:
12478:
12473:
12472:
12471:
12461:
12456:
12451:
12450:
12449:
12438:
12432:
12426:
12425:
12422:
12421:
12419:
12418:
12416:Vice President
12413:
12412:
12411:
12401:
12396:
12388:
12383:
12378:
12373:
12368:
12362:
12356:
12350:
12349:
12346:
12345:
12343:
12342:
12337:
12332:
12327:
12325:National parks
12322:
12317:
12312:
12307:
12302:
12297:
12292:
12287:
12281:
12275:
12269:
12268:
12261:
12259:
12257:
12256:
12255:
12254:
12249:
12244:
12239:
12234:
12224:
12223:
12222:
12217:
12212:
12210:El Carnavalazo
12207:
12197:
12192:
12191:
12190:
12180:
12179:
12178:
12173:
12163:
12158:
12153:
12152:
12151:
12146:
12136:
12131:
12121:
12116:
12111:
12105:
12103:
12097:
12096:
12085:
12084:
12077:
12070:
12062:
12056:
12055:
12040:
12030:
12021:
12015:
11999:
11994:
11984:
11983:External links
11981:
11979:
11978:
11971:
11964:
11957:
11950:
11943:
11936:
11929:
11922:
11915:
11908:
11901:
11894:
11887:
11880:
11873:
11866:
11859:
11852:
11851:, Rough Guides
11844:
11842:
11839:
11836:
11835:
11800:
11778:
11769:Diario Expreso
11756:
11734:
11700:
11681:
11668:
11655:
11628:
11598:
11549:
11532:
11506:
11479:
11453:
11423:
11392:
11362:
11332:
11291:
11265:
11234:
11194:
11168:
11145:(1): 201–227.
11125:
11095:
11069:
11043:
11010:
10991:
10985:. IGI Global.
10971:
10941:
10938:on 3 May 2010.
10910:
10879:
10849:
10808:
10776:
10746:
10716:
10690:
10657:
10628:
10602:
10593:
10581:
10551:
10521:
10512:
10486:
10460:
10438:
10416:
10384:
10358:
10332:
10301:
10272:
10246:
10220:
10194:
10167:
10141:
10130:on 10 May 2011
10110:
10080:
10071:|website=
10041:
10013:
10001:
9971:
9945:
9915:
9896:
9870:
9851:
9824:
9798:
9779:
9753:
9738:Archived from
9723:
9697:
9667:
9648:
9618:
9587:
9570:"Oil Reserves"
9561:
9535:
9509:
9486:
9460:
9440:
9414:
9394:
9368:
9349:
9330:
9304:
9285:
9255:
9224:
9193:
9163:
9122:
9092:
9062:
9029:
8961:
8949:
8930:
8904:
8878:
8854:
8837:
8811:
8802:
8793:
8778:
8755:
8735:
8712:
8692:
8653:
8620:
8581:
8543:
8513:
8493:
8457:
8431:
8409:
8391:
8365:
8339:
8313:
8283:
8257:
8245:
8215:
8177:
8162:
8136:
8110:
8078:
8058:
8038:
8007:
7981:
7950:
7924:
7894:
7849:
7823:
7805:
7775:
7744:
7714:
7684:
7654:
7628:
7598:
7572:
7546:
7520:
7490:
7481:
7479:
7478:
7444:
7421:
7410:on 12 May 2013
7395:
7365:
7332:
7315:
7285:
7255:
7225:
7194:
7164:
7133:
7102:
7072:
7043:
7030:
7015:
6997:
6971:
6941:
6900:
6893:Favre, Henri.
6885:
6870:
6855:
6840:
6825:
6810:
6757:
6727:
6672:
6642:
6591:
6558:
6521:
6495:
6455:
6423:
6389:
6363:
6348:
6320:
6280:
6250:
6214:
6199:. World Bank.
6188:
6149:
6115:
6085:
6054:
6018:
5988:
5962:
5935:
5909:
5873:
5847:
5806:
5776:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5767:
5766:
5731:
5637:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5630:
5629:
5624:
5622:
5616:
5615:
5601:
5598:Ecuador portal
5585:
5582:
5540:Barcelona S.C.
5509:Main article:
5506:
5503:
5471:Theo Constanté
5463:Enrique Tábara
5412:
5409:
5393:Emanuel Xavier
5370:Juan Leon Mera
5350:Eugenio Espejo
5299:
5296:
5194:fried plantain
5153:
5152:
5143:
5142:
5134:
5133:
5132:
5131:
5130:
5122:
5119:
5086:Main article:
5083:
5080:
5068:
5065:
5016:Main article:
5013:
5010:
4962:Latin American
4918:. The town of
4847:
4844:
4840:
4839:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4823:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4806:
4805:
4802:
4797:
4792:
4789:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4772:
4771:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4755:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4738:
4737:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4721:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4704:
4703:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4687:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4670:
4669:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4653:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4636:
4635:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4619:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4602:
4601:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4568:
4567:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4551:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4534:
4533:
4512:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4496:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4480:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4439:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4415:
4410:
4407:
4404:
4399:
4397:) and Ambato.
4360:
4359:Largest cities
4357:
4333:Main article:
4330:
4327:
4269:Main article:
4266:
4263:
4154:and 0.11% are
4144:
4143:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4116:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4101:
4100:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4086:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4076:
4075:
4069:
4068:
4063:Main article:
4060:
4057:
4056:
4055:
4050:
4048:Andean Spanish
4045:
4009:Achuar-Shiwiar
3985:
3984:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3972:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3959:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3944:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3929:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3919:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3906:Main article:
3903:
3900:
3814:Main article:
3811:
3808:
3770:Main article:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3738:
3708:
3685:
3658:
3586:Main article:
3583:
3580:
3548:Eugenio Espejo
3529:NEE-01 Pegasus
3517:
3514:
3446:is the common
3415:Ecuador has a
3401:Main article:
3398:
3395:
3382:Texaco-Chevron
3287:
3284:
3253:Main article:
3250:
3247:
3207:
3206:
3196:
3138:
3080:
2951:Main article:
2948:
2945:
2902:Main article:
2899:
2896:
2881:
2880:
2862:
2844:
2818:
2804:
2782:
2764:
2724:
2721:
2690:
2687:
2683:United Nations
2612:
2609:
2538:, 20 July 2019
2520:Main article:
2517:
2514:
2501:
2498:
2469:
2466:
2456:
2453:
2436:Main article:
2433:
2430:
2394:Main article:
2391:
2388:
2333:Main article:
2330:
2327:
2308:Luisa González
2106:, 3 April 2017
2072:Abdalá Bucaram
2033:
2030:
2022:Alfredo Poveda
2004:
2001:
1816:
1813:
1758:José de La Mar
1717:
1714:
1702:Spanish Empire
1661:
1660:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1595:
1594:
1587:
1580:
1572:
1562:Main article:
1559:
1556:
1539:Main article:
1536:
1533:
1397:Main article:
1394:
1391:
1382:Luz de América
1355:and later the
1349:real audiencia
1310:
1307:
1127:
1124:
1112:
1109:
1066:
1063:
1016:United Nations
925:on the north,
921:, bordered by
906:
905:
903:
902:
891:
888:
887:
882:
876:
875:
870:
864:
863:
858:
852:
851:
848:
842:
841:
838:
834:
833:
816:
812:
811:
801:
797:
796:
777:
767:
766:
752:
742:
741:
729:
726:
723:
722:
710:
707:
704:
703:
700:
690:
689:
684:$ 14,485 (
677:
674:
671:
670:
658:
655:
652:
651:
648:
634:
633:
626:
624:• Density
623:
620:
619:
612:
609:
606:
605:
602:
599:
596:
595:
589:
588:
585:
582:
579:
578:
571:
568:
565:
564:
558:
557:
554:
553:
550:
544:
541:
540:
537:
531:
528:
527:
524:
521:
518:
517:
514:
505:
502:
501:
498:
492:
489:
488:
487:10 August 1809
485:
482:
479:
478:
475:
474:
468:
467:
462:
458:
457:
454:
453:
448:
445:Vice President
442:
439:
438:
433:
427:
424:
423:
420:
419:
410:
404:
403:
398:
392:
391:
389:
388:
385:
379:
377:
376:
375:
374:
368:
362:
349:
346:
344:
341:
337:
336:
334:
333:
330:
324:
318:
312:
301:
285:
283:
280:
274:
273:
263:
257:
256:
251:
247:
246:
241:
237:
236:
200:
196:
195:
191:
190:
182:
181:
166:
165:
141:
140:
138:
137:
134:
124:
108:
102:
101:
94:
87:
86:
80:
73:
72:
71:
68:
67:
52:
49:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
14229:
14218:
14215:
14213:
14210:
14208:
14205:
14203:
14200:
14198:
14195:
14193:
14190:
14188:
14185:
14183:
14180:
14178:
14175:
14173:
14170:
14168:
14165:
14164:
14162:
14155:
14152:
14109:
14106:
14104:
14101:
14100:
14098:
14094:
14088:
14085:
14083:
14080:
14078:
14075:
14073:
14070:
14068:
14065:
14063:
14060:
14058:
14055:
14053:
14050:
14049:
14047:
14043:
14037:
14034:
14032:
14029:
14027:
14024:
14022:
14019:
14017:
14014:
14012:
14009:
14007:
14004:
14002:
13999:
13997:
13994:
13993:
13991:
13987:
13977:
13974:
13972:
13969:
13967:
13964:
13962:
13959:
13957:
13954:
13952:
13949:
13947:
13944:
13942:
13939:
13938:
13936:
13932:
13926:
13923:
13921:
13918:
13916:
13913:
13911:
13908:
13907:
13905:
13901:
13898:
13896:
13892:
13888:
13881:
13876:
13874:
13869:
13867:
13862:
13861:
13858:
13846:
13843:
13841:
13838:
13836:
13833:
13832:
13829:
13823:
13820:
13818:
13815:
13813:
13810:
13808:
13805:
13803:
13800:
13798:
13795:
13793:
13790:
13788:
13785:
13783:
13780:
13778:
13775:
13773:
13770:
13768:
13765:
13764:
13761:
13756:
13749:
13744:
13742:
13737:
13735:
13730:
13729:
13726:
13714:
13711:
13709:
13706:
13704:
13701:
13699:
13696:
13694:
13691:
13689:
13686:
13685:
13683:
13679:
13673:
13670:
13668:
13665:
13663:
13660:
13658:
13655:
13653:
13650:
13648:
13645:
13643:
13640:
13638:
13635:
13633:
13630:
13629:
13627:
13623:
13613:
13610:
13608:
13605:
13603:
13602:United States
13600:
13598:
13595:
13593:
13590:
13588:
13585:
13583:
13580:
13578:
13575:
13573:
13570:
13568:
13565:
13563:
13560:
13558:
13555:
13553:
13550:
13548:
13545:
13543:
13540:
13538:
13535:
13533:
13530:
13528:
13525:
13523:
13520:
13518:
13515:
13513:
13510:
13508:
13505:
13503:
13500:
13498:
13495:
13493:
13490:
13488:
13485:
13483:
13480:
13478:
13475:
13473:
13470:
13468:
13465:
13463:
13460:
13458:
13455:
13453:
13450:
13449:
13446:
13443:
13441:
13437:
13433:
13426:
13421:
13419:
13414:
13412:
13407:
13406:
13403:
13393:
13389:
13385:
13379:
13376:
13374:
13371:
13370:
13368:
13364:
13358:
13355:
13353:
13350:
13348:
13345:
13343:
13340:
13338:
13335:
13334:
13332:
13328:
13322:
13319:
13317:
13314:
13313:
13311:
13307:
13301:
13298:
13296:
13293:
13292:
13290:
13286:
13276:
13273:
13271:
13268:
13266:
13263:
13261:
13258:
13256:
13253:
13251:
13248:
13247:
13245:
13241:
13234:
13231:
13229:
13226:
13224:
13221:
13219:
13216:
13214:
13211:
13209:
13206:
13205:
13203:
13199:
13196:
13194:
13190:
13184:
13183:Visa policies
13181:
13179:
13176:
13174:
13171:
13170:
13168:
13164:
13157:
13153:
13146:
13141:
13139:
13134:
13132:
13127:
13126:
13123:
13112:
13102:
13099:
13097:
13094:
13092:
13089:
13087:
13084:
13082:
13079:
13077:
13074:
13072:
13069:
13067:
13064:
13062:
13059:
13057:
13054:
13053:
13051:
13049:
13048:Member states
13045:
13041:
13034:
13029:
13027:
13022:
13020:
13015:
13014:
13011:
12999:
12996:
12994:
12991:
12990:
12988:
12984:
12978:
12975:
12973:
12970:
12968:
12965:
12963:
12960:
12958:
12955:
12953:
12950:
12949:
12947:
12943:
12937:
12934:
12932:
12929:
12927:
12924:
12922:
12919:
12918:
12916:
12912:
12908:
12901:
12896:
12894:
12889:
12887:
12882:
12881:
12878:
12864:
12861:
12860:
12859:
12855:
12852:
12851:
12849:
12847:
12843:
12838:
12822:
12821:French Guiana
12819:
12818:
12817:
12814:
12813:
12811:
12807:
12801:
12798:
12796:
12793:
12791:
12788:
12786:
12783:
12781:
12778:
12776:
12773:
12771:
12768:
12766:
12763:
12761:
12758:
12756:
12753:
12751:
12748:
12746:
12743:
12742:
12740:
12736:
12733:
12731:
12725:
12721:
12714:
12709:
12707:
12702:
12700:
12695:
12694:
12691:
12685:
12678:
12666:
12663:
12661:
12658:
12657:
12652:
12648:
12645:
12641:
12640:
12636:
12626:
12623:
12621:
12618:
12616:
12613:
12611:
12608:
12606:
12603:
12601:
12598:
12596:
12593:
12591:
12588:
12586:
12583:
12581:
12578:
12576:
12573:
12572:
12570:
12568:
12564:
12558:
12555:
12553:
12550:
12548:
12545:
12543:
12540:
12538:
12535:
12533:
12530:
12528:
12525:
12524:
12521:
12518:
12516:
12512:
12502:
12499:
12497:
12494:
12492:
12489:
12487:
12484:
12482:
12479:
12477:
12474:
12470:
12467:
12466:
12465:
12462:
12460:
12457:
12455:
12452:
12448:
12445:
12444:
12443:
12440:
12439:
12436:
12433:
12431:
12427:
12417:
12414:
12410:
12407:
12406:
12405:
12402:
12400:
12397:
12395:
12389:
12387:
12384:
12382:
12379:
12377:
12374:
12372:
12369:
12367:
12364:
12363:
12360:
12357:
12355:
12351:
12341:
12338:
12336:
12333:
12331:
12328:
12326:
12323:
12321:
12318:
12316:
12313:
12311:
12308:
12306:
12303:
12301:
12298:
12296:
12293:
12291:
12288:
12286:
12283:
12282:
12279:
12276:
12274:
12270:
12265:
12253:
12250:
12248:
12245:
12243:
12240:
12238:
12235:
12233:
12230:
12229:
12228:
12225:
12221:
12218:
12216:
12213:
12211:
12208:
12206:
12203:
12202:
12201:
12198:
12196:
12193:
12189:
12186:
12185:
12184:
12181:
12177:
12174:
12172:
12169:
12168:
12167:
12164:
12162:
12159:
12157:
12154:
12150:
12147:
12145:
12142:
12141:
12140:
12137:
12135:
12132:
12129:
12128:reunification
12125:
12124:Gran Colombia
12122:
12120:
12117:
12115:
12112:
12110:
12107:
12106:
12104:
12102:
12098:
12094:
12090:
12083:
12078:
12076:
12071:
12069:
12064:
12063:
12060:
12054:
12053:OpenStreetMap
12050:
12041:
12039:
12031:
12029:
12025:
12022:
12019:
12016:
12013:
12009:
12008:
12003:
12000:
11998:
11995:
11990:
11987:
11986:
11976:
11972:
11969:
11965:
11962:
11958:
11955:
11951:
11948:
11944:
11941:
11937:
11934:
11930:
11927:
11923:
11920:
11916:
11913:
11909:
11906:
11902:
11899:
11895:
11892:
11888:
11885:
11881:
11878:
11874:
11871:
11867:
11864:
11860:
11857:
11853:
11850:
11846:
11845:
11831:
11827:
11823:
11819:
11815:
11811:
11804:
11796:
11792:
11788:
11782:
11774:
11770:
11766:
11760:
11752:
11748:
11744:
11738:
11722:
11718:
11716:
11711:
11704:
11698:
11694:
11691:
11685:
11678:
11672:
11665:
11659:
11653:
11649:
11645:
11641:
11635:
11633:
11616:
11612:
11608:
11602:
11594:
11590:
11586:
11582:
11577:
11572:
11568:
11564:
11560:
11553:
11546:
11545:9798607903664
11542:
11536:
11520:
11516:
11510:
11494:
11490:
11483:
11467:
11463:
11457:
11441:
11437:
11433:
11427:
11411:
11407:
11403:
11396:
11380:
11376:
11372:
11366:
11350:
11346:
11342:
11336:
11320:
11315:
11310:
11306:
11302:
11295:
11279:
11275:
11269:
11253:
11249:
11245:
11238:
11230:
11224:
11208:
11204:
11198:
11182:
11178:
11172:
11156:
11152:
11148:
11144:
11140:
11136:
11129:
11113:
11109:
11105:
11099:
11083:
11079:
11073:
11057:
11053:
11047:
11028:
11021:
11014:
10998:
10994:
10988:
10984:
10983:
10975:
10959:
10955:
10951:
10945:
10937:
10933:
10929:
10925:
10919:
10917:
10915:
10898:
10895:(in French).
10894:
10890:
10883:
10867:
10863:
10859:
10853:
10845:
10841:
10837:
10833:
10829:
10823:
10822:public domain
10812:
10796:
10792:
10785:
10783:
10781:
10764:
10760:
10756:
10750:
10734:
10730:
10726:
10720:
10704:
10700:
10694:
10678:
10674:
10668:
10666:
10664:
10662:
10645:
10641:
10635:
10633:
10616:
10612:
10606:
10597:
10590:
10585:
10569:
10565:
10561:
10555:
10539:
10535:
10531:
10525:
10516:
10500:
10496:
10490:
10474:
10470:
10464:
10457:
10453:
10450:
10442:
10435:
10431:
10428:
10420:
10401:
10394:
10388:
10372:
10368:
10362:
10346:
10342:
10336:
10320:
10316:
10312:
10305:
10289:
10282:
10276:
10260:
10256:
10250:
10234:
10230:
10224:
10208:
10204:
10198:
10182:
10178:
10171:
10155:
10151:
10145:
10129:
10125:
10121:
10114:
10098:
10094:
10090:
10084:
10076:
10064:
10048:
10044:
10038:
10034:
10030:
10026:
10025:
10021:WIPO (2022).
10017:
10010:
10005:
9989:
9985:
9981:
9975:
9959:
9955:
9949:
9933:
9929:
9925:
9919:
9912:
9908:
9905:
9900:
9884:
9880:
9874:
9867:
9863:
9860:
9855:
9839:
9835:
9828:
9812:
9808:
9802:
9795:
9791:
9788:
9783:
9767:
9763:
9757:
9741:
9737:
9733:
9727:
9711:
9707:
9701:
9685:
9681:
9677:
9671:
9664:
9660:
9657:
9652:
9636:
9632:
9631:Bloomberg.com
9628:
9622:
9606:
9602:
9598:
9591:
9575:
9571:
9565:
9549:
9545:
9539:
9523:
9519:
9513:
9506:
9502:
9499:
9493:
9491:
9474:
9470:
9464:
9457:
9453:
9449:
9444:
9428:
9424:
9418:
9411:
9407:
9404:
9398:
9382:
9378:
9372:
9365:
9361:
9358:
9353:
9346:
9342:
9339:
9334:
9318:
9314:
9308:
9301:
9297:
9294:
9289:
9273:
9269:
9265:
9259:
9243:
9239:
9235:
9228:
9212:
9208:
9204:
9197:
9181:
9177:
9176:The Intercept
9173:
9167:
9159:
9155:
9150:
9145:
9142:(3): 205–11.
9141:
9137:
9133:
9126:
9110:
9106:
9102:
9096:
9080:
9076:
9072:
9066:
9050:
9046:
9045:
9040:
9033:
9025:
9021:
9016:
9011:
9007:
9003:
8998:
8993:
8989:
8985:
8981:
8977:
8973:
8965:
8959:
8953:
8947:
8943:
8940:
8934:
8918:
8914:
8908:
8892:
8888:
8882:
8871:
8864:
8858:
8851:
8846:
8844:
8842:
8825:
8821:
8815:
8806:
8797:
8790:. p. 53.
8789:
8782:
8775:
8762:
8758:
8756:9780824815585
8752:
8748:
8747:
8739:
8732:
8731:commonwealth.
8719:
8715:
8713:9780837189048
8709:
8705:
8704:
8696:
8689:
8673:
8666:
8665:
8657:
8650:
8638:
8634:
8633:
8624:
8617:
8601:
8594:
8593:
8585:
8578:
8562:
8555:
8554:
8547:
8540:
8538:
8534:
8520:
8516:
8514:9780207127618
8510:
8506:
8505:
8497:
8489:
8483:
8467:
8461:
8445:
8441:
8435:
8427:
8423:
8419:
8413:
8407:
8403:
8400:
8395:
8380:on 6 May 2009
8379:
8375:
8369:
8353:
8349:
8343:
8327:
8323:
8317:
8301:
8297:
8293:
8287:
8271:
8267:
8261:
8254:
8249:
8233:
8229:
8225:
8219:
8203:
8199:
8198:
8190:
8188:
8186:
8184:
8182:
8173:
8166:
8150:
8146:
8140:
8124:
8120:
8114:
8095:
8088:
8082:
8075:
8071:
8068:
8062:
8055:
8051:
8048:
8042:
8026:
8022:
8018:
8011:
7995:
7991:
7985:
7969:
7965:
7961:
7954:
7938:
7934:
7928:
7912:
7908:
7904:
7898:
7890:
7884:
7868:
7864:
7860:
7853:
7837:
7833:
7827:
7819:
7815:
7809:
7793:
7789:
7785:
7779:
7763:
7759:
7755:
7748:
7732:
7728:
7724:
7718:
7702:
7698:
7694:
7688:
7672:
7668:
7664:
7658:
7643:
7639:
7632:
7616:
7612:
7608:
7602:
7586:
7582:
7576:
7560:
7556:
7550:
7534:
7530:
7524:
7508:
7504:
7500:
7494:
7485:
7477:
7473:
7472:Mark Weisbrot
7469:
7468:
7466:
7465:
7464:The Real News
7460:
7456:
7453:
7448:
7441:
7437:
7433:
7430:
7425:
7409:
7405:
7399:
7383:
7379:
7375:
7369:
7353:
7349:
7348:
7343:
7336:
7329:
7328:The Real News
7326:
7325:
7319:
7303:
7299:
7295:
7289:
7273:
7269:
7265:
7259:
7243:
7239:
7235:
7229:
7213:
7209:
7205:
7198:
7182:
7178:
7174:
7168:
7152:
7148:
7144:
7137:
7121:
7117:
7113:
7106:
7090:
7086:
7082:
7076:
7060:
7056:
7050:
7048:
7040:
7034:
7026:
7019:
7011:
7007:
7001:
6985:
6981:
6975:
6959:
6955:
6951:
6945:
6926:
6922:
6918:
6911:
6904:
6896:
6889:
6881:
6874:
6866:
6859:
6851:
6844:
6836:
6829:
6821:
6814:
6806:
6802:
6797:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6778:
6774:
6773:
6768:
6761:
6745:
6741:
6740:www.quito.com
6737:
6731:
6715:
6711:
6707:
6703:
6699:
6695:
6691:
6687:
6683:
6676:
6660:
6656:
6652:
6646:
6630:
6626:
6622:
6618:
6614:
6610:
6606:
6602:
6595:
6579:
6575:
6573:
6568:
6562:
6553:
6547:
6531:
6525:
6509:
6505:
6499:
6490:
6484:
6468:
6462:
6460:
6440:
6433:
6427:
6411:
6407:
6403:
6399:
6393:
6377:
6373:
6367:
6359:
6352:
6341:
6337:
6330:
6324:
6305:
6301:
6294:
6292:
6284:
6268:
6264:
6260:
6254:
6235:
6231:
6224:
6218:
6202:
6198:
6192:
6176:
6172:
6168:
6164:
6158:
6156:
6154:
6137:
6133:
6129:
6125:
6119:
6103:
6099:
6095:
6089:
6074:
6070:
6069:
6064:
6058:
6050:
6044:
6028:
6022:
6006:
6002:
5998:
5992:
5976:
5972:
5966:
5950:
5946:
5939:
5923:
5919:
5913:
5894:
5890:
5883:
5877:
5861:
5857:
5851:
5835:
5831:
5827:
5821:
5819:
5817:
5815:
5813:
5811:
5794:
5790:
5784:
5782:
5777:
5764:
5763:Ekuatur Nunka
5760:
5756:
5752:
5748:
5744:
5740:
5735:
5729:
5725:
5721:
5717:
5713:
5706:
5700:
5692:
5691:
5680:
5673:
5642:
5638:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5617:
5613:
5602:
5599:
5588:
5581:
5579:
5575:
5571:
5567:
5563:
5562:
5557:
5553:
5549:
5545:
5541:
5537:
5536:Liga De Quito
5533:
5529:
5521:
5517:
5512:
5502:
5500:
5496:
5492:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5476:
5475:Luis Molinari
5472:
5468:
5464:
5460:
5459:Manuel Rendón
5456:
5452:
5448:
5444:
5440:
5439:
5430:
5426:
5425:Vicente Albán
5422:
5417:
5408:
5406:
5402:
5398:
5394:
5390:
5386:
5382:
5377:
5375:
5371:
5367:
5366:Juan Montalvo
5363:
5359:
5358:Simón Bolívar
5355:
5351:
5347:
5343:
5339:
5334:
5331:
5328:. The use of
5327:
5323:
5319:
5315:
5308:
5307:Juan Montalvo
5304:
5295:
5293:
5289:
5285:
5281:
5277:
5272:
5270:
5266:
5262:
5257:
5255:
5254:pão de queijo
5251:
5247:
5245:
5244:passion fruit
5241:
5237:
5233:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5217:
5213:
5209:
5205:
5203:
5199:
5195:
5191:
5187:
5186:
5180:
5177:
5168:
5164:
5160:
5156:
5147:
5138:
5128:
5118:
5116:
5112:
5108:
5104:
5100:
5095:
5089:
5078:
5074:
5064:
5062:
5058:
5049:
5045:
5041:
5038:
5037:
5028:
5024:
5019:
5009:
5007:
5003:
4999:
4995:
4994:United States
4990:
4988:
4983:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4967:
4963:
4958:
4956:
4951:
4949:
4945:
4944:United States
4941:
4937:
4932:
4930:
4926:
4921:
4917:
4913:
4909:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4888:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4874:
4870:
4865:
4863:
4859:
4853:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4774:
4773:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4706:
4705:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4672:
4671:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4638:
4637:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4614:Santo Domingo
4612:
4610:
4609:Santo Domingo
4607:
4604:
4603:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4535:
4532:
4531:Santo Domingo
4527:
4522:
4517:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4402:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4384:
4383:Santo Domingo
4380:
4376:
4372:
4366:
4356:
4352:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4326:
4322:
4320:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4305:
4300:
4298:
4293:
4291:
4285:
4277:
4272:
4262:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4247:South America
4243:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4222:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4183:
4179:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4165:
4162:, 11.30% are
4161:
4157:
4153:
4136:
4132:
4123:
4121:
4117:
4108:
4106:
4102:
4093:
4091:
4087:
4081:
4077:
4072:
4066:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4028:
4026:
4022:
4018:
4014:
4010:
4006:
4005:Shuar Chicham
4002:
3998:
3994:
3977:
3973:
3964:
3960:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3924:
3920:
3915:
3909:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3887:
3882:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3870:
3864:
3862:
3861:Romani people
3858:
3852:
3850:
3846:
3845:
3836:
3832:
3827:
3823:
3817:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3796:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3773:
3764:
3757:
3753:
3748:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3683:
3679:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3659:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3616:
3610:
3605:
3598:
3594:
3589:
3579:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3563:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3530:
3526:
3522:
3513:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3481:
3474:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3458:
3457:Force majeure
3449:
3445:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3425:
3423:
3418:
3409:
3404:
3394:
3390:
3387:
3383:
3378:
3374:
3369:
3367:
3362:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3340:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3317:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3292:
3283:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3256:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3212:
3204:
3200:
3197:
3195:in Sucumbíos.
3194:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3149:Amazon jungle
3146:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3007:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2990:
2985:
2978:
2973:
2965:
2960:
2954:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2914:
2910:
2905:
2895:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2817:
2816:Ciudad Alfaro
2813:
2809:
2805:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2734:
2729:
2716:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2700:
2696:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2679:Freedom House
2677:According to
2675:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2660:
2658:
2655:According to
2653:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2635:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2593:
2591:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2579:Banco del Sur
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2551:
2549:
2548:Rafael Correa
2545:
2537:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2513:
2511:
2507:
2497:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2465:
2463:
2452:
2449:
2445:
2439:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2414:
2406:
2402:
2397:
2387:
2384:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2360:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2336:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2296:
2294:
2288:
2286:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2261:
2257:
2252:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2197:
2195:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2181:national debt
2178:
2174:
2170:
2169:Rafael Correa
2166:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2115:
2113:
2105:
2104:Rafael Correa
2101:
2098:, first lady
2097:
2092:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2039:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1966:nationalistic
1963:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1946:
1938:
1934:
1929:
1923:
1918:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1899:
1896:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1860:
1856:
1854:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1838:
1833:
1830:
1821:
1812:
1808:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1781:
1780:Gran Colombia
1776:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1761:
1759:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1737:
1735:
1734:Gran Colombia
1731:
1727:
1723:
1713:
1709:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1658:
1657:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1608:
1603:
1593:
1588:
1586:
1581:
1579:
1574:
1573:
1570:
1565:
1555:
1553:
1548:
1542:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1452:Simón Bolívar
1449:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1377:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1332:
1324:
1320:
1317:The colonial
1315:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1290:Ninan Cuyochi
1287:
1282:
1280:
1275:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1244:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1212:arboriculture
1207:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1192:Paleo-Indians
1189:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1168:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1122:
1118:
1108:
1106:
1092:
1088:
1087:Gran Colombia
1084:
1076:
1072:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1003:Ecuador is a
1001:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
966:Gran Colombia
963:
959:
955:
950:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
931:Pacific Ocean
928:
924:
920:
919:South America
916:
912:
900:
896:
892:
889:
886:
883:
881:
877:
874:
871:
869:
868:ISO 3166 code
865:
862:
859:
857:
853:
849:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
802:
798:
794:
778:
772:
768:
753:
747:
743:
739:
736:$ 6,630 (
730:
724:
720:
711:
705:
701:
695:
691:
687:
678:
672:
668:
659:
653:
649:
645:
639:
635:
631:
627:
621:
617:
613:
607:
603:
597:
594:
590:
586:
580:
576:
572:
566:
563:
559:
555:
551:
548:
542:
538:
535:
529:
525:
519:
515:
511:
510:Gran Colombia
503:
499:
496:
490:
486:
480:
476:
473:
469:
466:
463:
459:
455:
452:
449:
446:
440:
437:
434:
431:
425:
421:
418:
415:presidential
414:
411:
409:
405:
402:
399:
397:
393:
386:
384:
380:
373:
369:
367:
366:Protestantism
363:
361:
357:
356:
355:
351:
350:
348:
347:
345:
338:
331:
329:
325:
323:
319:
317:
313:
310:
306:
302:
299:
295:
291:
287:
286:
284:
279:
275:
271:
267:
264:
258:
255:
252:
248:
245:
242:
238:
233:
204:
201:
197:
188:
183:
153:
152:
146:
142:
135:
132:
128:
125:
121:
114:
110:
109:
107:
103:
97:
91:
83:
77:
69:
64:
56:
47:
44:
40:
33:
19:
14124:
14006:2009 Ecuador
13960:
13903:Full members
13812:Saudi Arabia
13625:Organization
13516:
13309:Institutions
13259:
13201:Full members
12930:
12856: /
12846:Dependencies
12769:
12557:Social class
12532:Demographics
12491:Trade unions
12447:Central Bank
12366:Constitution
12227:1990–present
12220:Paquisha War
12088:
12005:
11992:(in Spanish)
11974:
11967:
11960:
11953:
11946:
11939:
11932:
11925:
11918:
11911:
11904:
11897:
11890:
11883:
11876:
11869:
11862:
11855:
11848:
11813:
11809:
11803:
11790:
11781:
11768:
11759:
11747:Europa Press
11746:
11737:
11725:. Retrieved
11713:
11703:
11684:
11676:
11671:
11663:
11658:
11643:
11619:. Retrieved
11610:
11601:
11566:
11562:
11552:
11535:
11523:. Retrieved
11509:
11499:13 September
11497:. Retrieved
11493:the original
11482:
11470:. Retrieved
11456:
11444:. Retrieved
11435:
11426:
11414:. Retrieved
11405:
11395:
11383:. Retrieved
11374:
11365:
11353:. Retrieved
11344:
11335:
11325:September 7,
11323:. Retrieved
11304:
11294:
11282:. Retrieved
11268:
11256:. Retrieved
11247:
11237:
11211:. Retrieved
11207:the original
11197:
11185:. Retrieved
11171:
11159:. Retrieved
11142:
11138:
11128:
11116:. Retrieved
11107:
11098:
11086:. Retrieved
11072:
11060:. Retrieved
11056:the original
11046:
11034:. Retrieved
11027:the original
11013:
11001:. Retrieved
10981:
10974:
10964:23 September
10962:. Retrieved
10953:
10944:
10936:the original
10927:
10901:. Retrieved
10892:
10882:
10870:. Retrieved
10866:the original
10861:
10852:
10827:
10811:
10799:. Retrieved
10795:the original
10767:. Retrieved
10763:the original
10758:
10749:
10737:. Retrieved
10728:
10719:
10707:. Retrieved
10703:the original
10693:
10681:. Retrieved
10677:the original
10648:. Retrieved
10644:the original
10619:. Retrieved
10615:the original
10605:
10596:
10584:
10572:. Retrieved
10554:
10544:13 September
10542:. Retrieved
10533:
10524:
10515:
10505:13 September
10503:. Retrieved
10489:
10477:. Retrieved
10463:
10446:(in Spanish)
10441:
10424:(in Spanish)
10419:
10407:. Retrieved
10387:
10375:. Retrieved
10361:
10349:. Retrieved
10345:the original
10335:
10325:13 September
10323:. Retrieved
10314:
10304:
10292:. Retrieved
10275:
10263:. Retrieved
10249:
10239:13 September
10237:. Retrieved
10233:the original
10223:
10213:13 September
10211:. Retrieved
10197:
10187:13 September
10185:. Retrieved
10181:the original
10170:
10158:. Retrieved
10154:the original
10144:
10132:. Retrieved
10128:the original
10123:
10113:
10101:. Retrieved
10097:the original
10092:
10083:
10051:. Retrieved
10023:
10016:
10004:
9992:. Retrieved
9983:
9974:
9964:13 September
9962:. Retrieved
9948:
9938:13 September
9936:. Retrieved
9927:
9918:
9899:
9889:13 September
9887:. Retrieved
9873:
9854:
9844:13 September
9842:. Retrieved
9838:the original
9827:
9817:13 September
9815:. Retrieved
9801:
9782:
9772:13 September
9770:. Retrieved
9756:
9744:. Retrieved
9740:the original
9735:
9726:
9716:13 September
9714:. Retrieved
9710:the original
9700:
9688:. Retrieved
9679:
9670:
9651:
9639:. Retrieved
9630:
9621:
9609:. Retrieved
9600:
9590:
9580:13 September
9578:. Retrieved
9564:
9554:13 September
9552:. Retrieved
9548:the original
9538:
9528:13 September
9526:. Retrieved
9512:
9479:13 September
9477:. Retrieved
9463:
9443:
9433:13 September
9431:. Retrieved
9417:
9397:
9387:13 September
9385:. Retrieved
9371:
9352:
9333:
9323:13 September
9321:. Retrieved
9315:. soitu.es.
9307:
9288:
9278:13 September
9276:. Retrieved
9267:
9258:
9246:. Retrieved
9237:
9227:
9217:14 September
9215:. Retrieved
9206:
9196:
9186:14 September
9184:. Retrieved
9175:
9166:
9139:
9135:
9125:
9115:14 September
9113:. Retrieved
9104:
9095:
9085:14 September
9083:. Retrieved
9075:The Guardian
9074:
9065:
9053:. Retrieved
9049:the original
9042:
9032:
8979:
8975:
8964:
8952:
8933:
8921:. Retrieved
8907:
8895:. Retrieved
8881:
8870:the original
8857:
8828:. Retrieved
8814:
8805:
8796:
8787:
8781:
8772:
8765:. Retrieved
8745:
8738:
8729:
8722:. Retrieved
8702:
8695:
8686:
8679:. Retrieved
8663:
8656:
8648:
8641:. Retrieved
8631:
8623:
8614:
8607:. Retrieved
8591:
8584:
8575:
8568:. Retrieved
8552:
8546:
8536:
8532:
8530:
8523:. Retrieved
8503:
8496:
8470:. Retrieved
8460:
8448:. Retrieved
8444:the original
8434:
8426:the original
8421:
8412:
8394:
8382:. Retrieved
8378:the original
8368:
8356:. Retrieved
8352:the original
8342:
8332:24 September
8330:. Retrieved
8326:the original
8316:
8304:. Retrieved
8295:
8286:
8274:. Retrieved
8260:
8248:
8236:. Retrieved
8227:
8218:
8208:13 September
8206:. Retrieved
8196:
8171:
8165:
8153:. Retrieved
8139:
8127:. Retrieved
8123:the original
8113:
8101:. Retrieved
8094:the original
8081:
8061:
8041:
8029:. Retrieved
8020:
8010:
7998:. Retrieved
7994:the original
7984:
7972:. Retrieved
7963:
7953:
7941:. Retrieved
7927:
7915:. Retrieved
7906:
7897:
7871:. Retrieved
7862:
7852:
7840:. Retrieved
7826:
7817:
7808:
7796:. Retrieved
7787:
7778:
7766:. Retrieved
7758:Atalayar.com
7757:
7747:
7735:. Retrieved
7726:
7717:
7705:. Retrieved
7696:
7687:
7675:. Retrieved
7666:
7657:
7645:. Retrieved
7641:
7631:
7619:. Retrieved
7610:
7601:
7589:. Retrieved
7575:
7563:. Retrieved
7549:
7537:. Retrieved
7523:
7511:. Retrieved
7502:
7493:
7484:
7462:
7447:
7439:
7424:
7412:. Retrieved
7408:the original
7398:
7386:. Retrieved
7377:
7368:
7358:February 24,
7356:. Retrieved
7345:
7335:
7322:
7318:
7306:. Retrieved
7298:The Guardian
7297:
7288:
7276:. Retrieved
7267:
7258:
7246:. Retrieved
7237:
7228:
7216:. Retrieved
7207:
7197:
7185:. Retrieved
7176:
7167:
7155:. Retrieved
7146:
7136:
7124:. Retrieved
7115:
7105:
7095:21 September
7093:. Retrieved
7084:
7075:
7063:. Retrieved
7059:the original
7038:
7033:
7024:
7018:
7010:the original
7000:
6988:. Retrieved
6974:
6962:. Retrieved
6958:the original
6954:El Telégrafo
6953:
6944:
6932:. Retrieved
6925:the original
6920:
6916:
6903:
6894:
6888:
6879:
6873:
6864:
6858:
6849:
6843:
6834:
6828:
6819:
6813:
6776:
6772:BMC Genomics
6770:
6760:
6748:. Retrieved
6739:
6730:
6718:. Retrieved
6685:
6675:
6663:. Retrieved
6645:
6633:. Retrieved
6608:
6604:
6594:
6582:. Retrieved
6570:
6561:
6536:30 September
6534:. Retrieved
6524:
6514:13 September
6512:. Retrieved
6508:the original
6498:
6471:. Retrieved
6446:. Retrieved
6426:
6416:29 September
6414:. Retrieved
6401:
6392:
6380:. Retrieved
6366:
6357:
6351:
6340:the original
6323:
6311:. Retrieved
6304:the original
6299:
6290:
6283:
6271:. Retrieved
6262:
6253:
6241:. Retrieved
6217:
6205:. Retrieved
6197:"Gini Index"
6191:
6179:. Retrieved
6166:
6140:. Retrieved
6127:
6118:
6106:. Retrieved
6097:
6088:
6076:. Retrieved
6066:
6057:
6031:. Retrieved
6021:
6009:. Retrieved
6000:
5991:
5979:. Retrieved
5965:
5953:. Retrieved
5938:
5926:. Retrieved
5912:
5900:. Retrieved
5888:
5876:
5866:13 September
5864:. Retrieved
5860:the original
5850:
5838:. Retrieved
5829:
5797:. Retrieved
5762:
5754:
5734:
5727:
5723:
5715:
5641:
5559:
5550:from Quito;
5538:from Quito;
5525:
5522:of Guayaquil
5495:Teddy Cobeña
5436:
5434:
5404:
5378:
5373:
5361:
5335:
5311:
5275:
5273:
5260:
5258:
5248:
5206:
5183:
5181:
5174:
5162:
5154:
5091:
5057:Amazon basin
5053:
5034:
5032:
4991:
4959:
4952:
4933:
4889:
4877:
4872:
4866:
4855:
4368:
4353:
4349:
4323:
4316:
4312:
4308:
4301:
4296:
4294:
4286:
4282:
4223:
4196:
4175:
4169:, 1.29% are
4149:
4037:
4029:
4013:Cha'palaachi
3990:
3893:
3883:
3873:
3865:
3853:
3842:
3840:
3810:Demographics
3792:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3624:
3617:
3613:
3575:
3571:
3568:Checkprogram
3567:
3564:
3533:
3482:
3478:
3462:
3453:
3429:
3426:
3414:
3391:
3370:
3357:
3336:
3320:
3313:
3286:Biodiversity
3280:
3277:
3258:
3208:
3198:
3144:
3140:
3082:
3032:
3027:
3008:
2993:
2941:
2937:
2918:
2882:
2738:
2702:
2676:
2672:
2661:
2654:
2639:
2631:
2611:Human rights
2601:constitution
2594:
2589:
2587:
2582:
2578:
2552:
2541:
2532:Lenín Moreno
2503:
2489:
2488:, forms the
2471:
2458:
2441:
2410:
2380:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2338:
2319:Los Choneros
2312:
2300:Daniel Noboa
2297:
2289:
2276:Andrés Aráuz
2265:
2260:Daniel Noboa
2230:
2201:Lenín Moreno
2198:
2162:
2150:
2135:
2116:
2109:
2096:Lenín Moreno
2076:Jaime Roldos
2061:
2052:
2048:
2041:
2006:
1996:
1993:Rio Protocol
1986:
1969:
1948:
1945:Rio Protocol
1942:
1937:Sukhoi Su-22
1933:Mirage F.1JA
1900:
1892:
1888:World War II
1880:Rio Protocol
1865:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1834:
1828:
1826:
1809:
1805:Buenaventura
1785:
1762:
1754:
1738:
1719:
1710:
1679:
1676:real cedulas
1675:
1665:
1654:
1544:
1531:population.
1519:
1476:
1432:
1393:Independence
1380:
1374:
1372:
1361:
1338:
1328:
1283:
1270:
1258:Huayna Capac
1247:
1239:
1216:
1208:
1185:
1126:Pre-Inca era
1074:
1068:
1044:
1008:presidential
1002:
951:
914:
910:
909:
880:Internet TLD
856:Calling code
828: /
708:• Total
656:• Total
569:• Total
493:• from
472:Independence
436:Daniel Noboa
354:Christianity
240:Largest city
144:
126:
106:Motto:
105:
96:Coat of arms
59:
43:
14146: /
13582:Saint Lucia
13522:El Salvador
13373:Citizenship
13366:Integration
13300:New Zealand
13235:(suspended)
13091:Saint Lucia
12305:Environment
12300:Earthquakes
11900:, Greenwood
11816:(1): 3–23.
11611:Ecuador.com
11472:January 13,
11446:11 November
11416:11 November
11385:11 November
11375:El Universo
10709:24 February
10683:24 February
10650:24 February
10621:24 February
10409:17 December
10315:El Universo
10160:24 February
10103:2 September
8982:(1): 5978.
8923:24 February
8830:20 November
8767:18 February
8472:14 November
8450:24 February
8358:20 February
8238:24 February
7917:24 November
7414:4 September
6702:10088/19154
6584:22 November
6313:21 February
6273:21 February
6207:31 December
6033:14 November
6011:20 November
5981:24 February
5548:El Nacional
5487:Félix Aráuz
5455:Camilo Egas
5401:Jorge Icaza
5383:; the poet
5292:peach palms
5288:tree grapes
5250:Pan de yuca
5232:cocoa beans
5103:Tecnocumbia
4873:Koenigstein
4732:Santa Elena
4727:Santa Elena
4238:Crypto-Jews
4178:syncretized
4167:Protestants
4164:Evangelical
4120:Irreligious
4025:Wao Tededeo
3875:Amerindians
3718:, Crucita,
3386:oil company
3330:, and as a
3141:La Amazonía
3057:Santa Elena
2822:Santa Elena
2536:Mike Pompeo
2185:odious debt
2085:Eloy Alfaro
2013:coup d'état
1884:Axis Powers
1829:Real Cedula
1720:During the
1547:Eloy Alfaro
1495:Diego Noboa
1266:Inca Empire
1262:Inca Empire
958:Inca Empire
837:Date format
784: 0.765
539:5 June 1895
516:13 May 1830
500:24 May 1822
461:Legislature
383:no religion
370:1.1% other
360:Catholicism
268:(Quechua),
227: /
14161:Categories
13502:Costa Rica
13330:Currencies
13321:Parliament
12625:Television
12595:Newspapers
12237:Cenepa War
11893:, SR Books
11727:19 October
11284:12 October
11258:12 October
11213:26 October
11187:26 October
11161:25 October
11118:25 October
11036:23 October
11003:31 October
10872:4 November
10574:22 January
10134:26 January
10124:expreso.ec
10053:30 October
9994:3 February
9832:DUAL dmw.
9248:6 February
8889:. UNESCO.
8724:7 February
8681:24 January
8616:Galapagos.
8609:17 January
8570:17 January
8525:2 February
7974:10 January
7943:12 January
7907:Al Jazeera
7873:29 October
7788:Al Jazeera
7647:10 October
7621:10 October
7388:August 26,
7268:Al Jazeera
7177:Al Jazeera
6448:17 January
6181:12 October
6142:12 October
5772:References
5405:Huasipungo
5374:A la Costa
5340:, born in
5298:Literature
5269:Guinea Pig
5224:Esmeraldas
5167:guinea pig
5125:See also:
5115:Inti Raymi
5107:Sanjuanito
5061:Amerindian
4982:Venezuelan
4900:Portuguese
4850:See also:
4834:Esmeraldas
4677:Portoviejo
4648:Tungurahua
4596:Esmeraldas
4591:Esmeraldas
4507:Chimborazo
4391:Portoviejo
4363:See also:
4232:with many
4105:Protestant
3820:See also:
3720:Esmeraldas
3707:volcanoes.
3697:Chimborazo
3682:Mama Negra
3651:Vilcabamba
3501:World Bank
3265:rainforest
3235:Esmeraldas
3193:Lago Agrio
3145:El Oriente
3115:Tungurahua
3099:Chimborazo
3037:Esmeraldas
2957:See also:
2790:Tungurahua
2786:Chimborazo
2746:Esmeraldas
2709:provincias
2707:(Spanish:
2615:See also:
2293:referendum
2285:Pachakutik
2131:20 km walk
2112:Cenepa War
2094:President
2036:See also:
1958:Cenepa War
1922:Cenepa War
1726:San Martín
1424:San Martín
1340:encomienda
1176:coricancha
1045:One of 17
1040:Gini index
1030:, and the
840:dd/mm/yyyy
759: 45.5
604:17,483,326
593:Population
408:Government
401:Ecuadorian
396:Demonym(s)
387:0.4% other
332:0.1% other
316:Indigenous
298:Indigenous
215:78°30′43″W
212:00°13′12″S
160:(English:
14202:Republics
13941:Argentina
13925:Venezuela
13822:Venezuela
13612:Venezuela
13532:Guatemala
13457:Argentina
13387:Relations
13288:Observers
13233:Venezuela
13208:Argentina
13101:Venezuela
13081:Nicaragua
12986:Observers
12977:Venezuela
12952:Argentina
12800:Venezuela
12745:Argentina
12728:Sovereign
12542:Education
12496:Transport
12404:President
12371:Elections
12340:Volcanoes
12330:Provinces
12320:Mountains
12273:Geography
12200:1960–1990
12195:1944–1960
12183:1925–1944
12166:1895–1925
12156:1860–1895
12139:1830–1860
12026:from the
11830:143580656
11719:. Spain.
11593:248725703
11585:2352-6181
11569:(1): 16.
10954:europa.eu
10924:"Ecuador"
10858:"Ecuador"
10729:Bloomberg
10377:August 9,
10073:ignored (
10063:cite book
9913:aladi.org
9518:"Ecuador"
9006:2041-1723
8306:6 October
8276:19 August
8266:"Ecuador"
8129:28 August
8103:28 August
8000:18 August
7883:cite news
7768:19 August
7737:19 August
7642:Bloomberg
7378:USA Today
7308:15 August
7278:15 August
7248:15 August
7218:15 August
7187:15 August
7157:5 October
6990:19 August
6934:22 August
6895:Les Incas
6710:0081-0223
6688:: 1–234.
6625:0036-8075
6063:"Ecuador"
5971:"Ecuador"
5840:18 August
5826:"Ecuador"
5322:Castilian
5198:Guayaquil
5190:churrasco
5165:(grilled
5163:Cuy asado
4978:Colombian
4966:Argentina
4659:Latacunga
4550:2,723,665
4541:Guayaquil
4495:2,781,641
4491:Pichincha
4478:Guayaquil
4375:Guayaquil
4345:Guayaquil
4329:Education
4259:Guayaquil
4230:Sephardic
4207:Buddhists
4156:agnostics
3962:Foreign
3803:Guayaquil
3742:Transport
3728:Montañita
3710:Beaches:
3705:Illinizas
3703:volcano,
3699:volcano,
3695:volcano,
3691:volcano,
3684:festival.
3678:Latacunga
3670:Ingapirca
3552:submarine
3473:Guayaquil
3373:ecosystem
3273:temperate
3227:ellipsoid
3211:Pichincha
3177:petroleum
3169:Sucumbíos
3111:Pichincha
3083:La Sierra
3077:Guayaquil
3019:coastline
2947:Geography
2929:Air Force
2892:Galápagos
2888:Guayaquil
2834:Galápagos
2768:Pichincha
2758:Sucumbios
2705:provinces
2627:Guayaquil
2559:Rio Group
2510:ombudsman
2245:Guayaquil
2237:subsidies
2062:In 1984,
1893:The 1944
1876:Guayaquil
1522:abolished
1464:Venezuela
1435:Guayaquil
1295:Cajamarca
1286:civil war
1274:guerrilla
1248:When the
1172:Ingapirca
1170:Ruins of
1065:Etymology
978:Europeans
947:Guayaquil
846:Drives on
815:Time zone
698:(nominal)
430:President
372:Christian
340:Religion
307:(coastal
244:Guayaquil
157:(Spanish)
14103:Mercosur
13966:Paraguay
13956:Colombia
13920:Suriname
13681:Politics
13592:Suriname
13567:Paraguay
13547:Honduras
13507:Dominica
13497:Colombia
13467:Barbados
13275:Suriname
13255:Colombia
13223:Paraguay
13166:Politics
13071:Dominica
12967:Paraguay
12926:Colombia
12790:Suriname
12780:Paraguay
12765:Colombia
12660:Category
12552:Religion
12459:Currency
12393:(former)
12381:Military
12354:Politics
12093:articles
12028:BBC News
11795:Archived
11773:Archived
11751:Archived
11721:Archived
11693:Archived
11675:Karnis,
11648:Archived
11621:22 April
11615:Archived
11525:19 March
11519:Archived
11466:Archived
11440:Archived
11410:Archived
11379:Archived
11349:Archived
11319:Archived
11278:Archived
11252:Archived
11223:cite web
11181:Archived
11155:Archived
11112:Archived
11088:June 23,
11082:Archived
11062:25 April
10997:Archived
10958:Archived
10897:Archived
10844:91009494
10739:March 6,
10733:Archived
10568:Archived
10538:Archived
10499:Archived
10473:Archived
10452:Archived
10430:Archived
10400:Archived
10371:Archived
10319:Archived
10207:Archived
10047:Archived
9988:Archived
9958:Archived
9932:Archived
9907:Archived
9883:Archived
9862:Archived
9811:Archived
9790:Archived
9766:Archived
9746:30 March
9684:Archived
9659:Archived
9635:Archived
9605:Archived
9574:Archived
9522:Archived
9507:. p. 15.
9501:Archived
9473:Archived
9452:Archived
9427:Archived
9406:Archived
9381:Archived
9360:Archived
9341:Archived
9317:Archived
9296:Archived
9272:Archived
9242:Archived
9211:Archived
9180:Archived
9158:15096294
9109:Archived
9079:Archived
9024:33293507
8942:Archived
8917:Archived
8891:Archived
8824:Archived
8761:Archived
8718:Archived
8672:Archived
8643:19 March
8637:Archived
8600:Archived
8577:Oceania.
8561:Archived
8537:language
8535:to mean
8519:Archived
8482:cite web
8402:Archived
8300:Archived
8270:Archived
8232:Archived
8202:Archived
8155:25 March
8149:Archived
8070:Archived
8050:Archived
8031:30 March
8025:Archived
7968:Archived
7937:Archived
7911:Archived
7867:Archived
7836:Archived
7792:Archived
7762:Archived
7731:Archived
7727:France24
7707:14 April
7701:Archived
7697:BBC News
7671:Archived
7667:BBC News
7615:Archived
7611:ABC News
7591:25 March
7585:Archived
7565:25 March
7559:Archived
7539:25 March
7533:Archived
7507:Archived
7455:Archived
7432:Archived
7382:Archived
7352:Archived
7302:Archived
7272:Archived
7242:Archived
7212:Archived
7181:Archived
7151:Archived
7120:Archived
7089:Archived
6984:Archived
6964:8 August
6805:32912150
6744:Archived
6714:Archived
6659:Archived
6629:Archived
6578:Archived
6546:cite web
6483:cite web
6439:Archived
6410:Archived
6376:Archived
6374:. 2024.
6267:Archived
6243:13 March
6234:Archived
6201:Archived
6175:Archived
6136:Archived
6102:Archived
6094:"Inicio"
6043:cite web
6005:Archived
6001:BBC News
5975:Archived
5949:Archived
5922:Archived
5893:Archived
5834:Archived
5799:25 April
5793:Archived
5584:See also
5445:include
5220:Plantain
5204:people.
5202:Montubio
4936:Italians
4892:Italians
4858:Japanese
4838:145,879
4829:Quinindé
4804:173,684
4770:175,281
4766:Los Ríos
4761:Babahoyo
4736:188,821
4702:199,835
4668:205,624
4664:Cotopaxi
4634:213,842
4630:Los Ríos
4600:218,727
4566:221,149
4562:Imbabura
4511:264,048
4502:Riobamba
4450:Province
4434:Province
4160:Catholic
4152:atheists
4090:Catholic
4079:Religion
4059:Religion
4017:Tsa'fiki
3922:Language
3902:Language
3890:Mulattos
3849:Montubio
3844:Mestizos
3752:Trolebús
3712:Atacames
3701:Cotopaxi
3689:Antisana
3680:and its
3489:Mercosur
3300:endemism
3219:Cotopaxi
3161:Orellana
3103:Imbabura
3069:Chiquita
3045:Los Ríos
3033:La Costa
3023:Colombia
2977:Cotopaxi
2898:Military
2830:Los Ríos
2802:Riobamba
2798:Cotopaxi
2776:Orellana
2754:Imbabura
2583:BancoSur
2462:notaries
2321:cartel,
2268:election
1905:and the
1704:and the
1520:Ecuador
1460:Colombia
1376:criollos
1335:immunity
1331:smallpox
1024:Mercosur
974:mestizos
923:Colombia
800:Currency
417:republic
305:Montubio
14167:Ecuador
14134:77°30′W
14096:Related
13989:Summits
13976:Uruguay
13961:Ecuador
13910:Bolivia
13895:Members
13802:Nigeria
13767:Algeria
13688:Charter
13607:Uruguay
13552:Jamaica
13527:Grenada
13517:Ecuador
13477:Bolivia
13462:Bahamas
13440:Members
13260:Ecuador
13228:Uruguay
13213:Bolivia
13193:Members
13076:Grenada
13061:Bolivia
12972:Uruguay
12931:Ecuador
12921:Bolivia
12914:Members
12809:In part
12795:Uruguay
12770:Ecuador
12750:Bolivia
12644:Outline
12620:Smoking
12580:Cuisine
12567:Culture
12515:Society
12486:Tourism
12442:Banking
12430:Economy
12315:Mammals
12310:Islands
12295:Climate
12101:History
12089:Ecuador
12049:Ecuador
12018:Ecuador
12002:Ecuador
11717:website
11406:El Pais
10903:28 June
10801:26 June
10769:18 July
10351:3 April
10294:17 July
10265:17 July
9984:Reuters
9690:24 June
9641:24 June
9611:24 June
9601:Reuters
9105:Reuters
9055:26 June
9015:7723057
8984:Bibcode
8897:26 June
8533:culture
8384:26 June
8197:Ecuador
7842:3 March
7798:3 March
7677:3 March
7513:11 July
7065:15 July
7039:Ecuador
6796:7488242
6750:25 July
6720:29 June
6665:29 June
6635:25 July
6605:Science
6574:website
6473:26 July
6402:IMF.org
6382:20 June
6167:IMF.org
6128:IMF.org
6108:5 March
6078:22 June
5955:25 July
5751:Quechua
5747:Equator
5739:Spanish
5728:Ekuatur
5724:Ecuador
5716:Ikwayur
5712:Quechua
5690:-wə-dor
5421:criolla
5360:titled
5326:Quechua
5284:bananas
5280:cassava
5236:tilapia
5228:bananas
5216:tostado
5212:chifles
5208:Ceviche
5185:ceviche
5159:ceviche
5121:Cuisine
5111:Otavalo
5094:Pasillo
5048:Waorani
5036:mestizo
5012:Culture
4974:Uruguay
4940:Liguria
4908:Britons
4896:Germans
4880:Lebanon
4862:Chinese
4822:264,281
4788:274,112
4754:289,141
4745:Machala
4720:315,724
4693:Milagro
4686:321,800
4652:387,309
4625:Quevedo
4618:458,580
4584:636,996
4138:
4125:
4110:
4095:
4084:percent
4021:Paicoca
4001:A'ingae
3979:
3966:
3953:
3938:
3933:Spanish
3927:percent
3837:in 2020
3736:Salinas
3693:Cayambe
3582:Tourism
3507:(IMF),
3499:(IDB),
3397:Economy
3351:in the
3323:endemic
3306:in the
3249:Climate
3185:Waorani
3165:Pastaza
3000:Oceania
2979:Volcano
2842:Milagro
2838:Bolívar
2794:Pastaza
2632:A 2003
2163:In the
2123:Atlanta
1980:in the
1837:Iquitos
1801:Popayán
1730:Bolívar
1681:de jure
1525:slavery
1446:, near
1428:Bolívar
1303:Pizarro
1279:Cayapas
1243:leaders
1111:History
1098:⁄
1071:Equator
1051:endemic
994:Quechua
986:African
939:capital
911:Ecuador
791: (
545:•
532:•
506:•
443:•
428:•
413:Unitary
309:Mestizo
292:(mixed
290:Mestizo
254:Spanish
199:Capital
145:Anthem:
120:Spanish
63:Spanish
39:Equator
14131:2°00′S
14045:Topics
13946:Brazil
13915:Guyana
13792:Kuwait
13757:(OPEC)
13562:Panama
13557:Mexico
13537:Guyana
13487:Canada
13482:Brazil
13472:Belize
13295:Mexico
13265:Guyana
13218:Brazil
12998:Panama
12993:Mexico
12957:Brazil
12816:France
12775:Guyana
12755:Brazil
12738:Entire
12730:states
12665:Portal
12575:Cinema
12547:Health
12537:People
12476:Mining
12335:Rivers
12290:Cities
12091:
11828:
11666:, 1952
11591:
11583:
11543:
11355:20 May
10989:
10842:
10824:.
10479:5 June
10284:(XSLX)
10039:
9156:
9022:
9012:
9004:
8753:
8710:
8511:
7126:18 May
6803:
6793:
6708:
6623:
6334:. (in
6300:INREDH
5928:6 July
5902:22 May
5568:. The
5552:Olmedo
5546:, and
5532:Emelec
5505:Sports
5489:, and
5453:, and
5290:, and
5242:, and
5161:) and
5027:Cañari
5000:, and
4972:, and
4955:Guayas
4916:Greeks
4904:French
4869:Jewish
4818:Manabí
4800:Guayas
4750:El Oro
4716:Guayas
4698:Guayas
4682:Manabí
4643:Ambato
4575:Cuenca
4557:Ibarra
4546:Guayas
4521:Cuenca
4408:
4405:
4387:Ambato
4379:Cuenca
4304:canton
4265:Health
4255:Cuenca
4234:Anusim
4211:Baháʼí
3997:Awapit
3993:Kichwa
3948:Kichwa
3895:zambos
3788:Cuenca
3732:Playas
3597:Cuenca
3572:MdLock
3422:crisis
3332:UNESCO
3243:Guayas
3231:Amazon
3189:Kichua
3171:, and
3131:Kichua
3127:quinua
3125:, and
3119:potato
3095:Carchi
3061:banana
3053:El Oro
3049:Manabí
3041:Guayas
2931:, and
2872:, and
2866:El Oro
2860:Cuenca
2854:, and
2836:, and
2826:Guayas
2808:Manabí
2796:, and
2774:, and
2762:Ibarra
2756:, and
2750:Carchi
2573:, the
2569:, the
2565:, the
2561:, the
2370:. The
2355:, and
2351:, the
2347:, the
2343:, the
2225:Maduro
1853:El Oro
1803:, and
1741:Tumbes
1712:1942.
1468:Panama
1466:, and
1235:Cuenca
1231:Cañari
1227:Quitus
1138:(from
1105:degree
1028:PROSUR
988:, and
775:(2022)
773:
750:(2022)
748:
696:
640:
381:12.9%
364:16.6%
358:69.0%
352:86.7%
342:(2020)
296:&
288:77.5%
281:(2022)
266:Kichwa
155:
147:
116:
13951:Chile
13797:Libya
13777:Gabon
13542:Haiti
13492:Chile
13250:Chile
12962:Chile
12760:Chile
12651:Index
12615:Sport
12600:Music
12527:Crime
12285:Birds
11826:S2CID
11589:S2CID
11030:(PDF)
11023:(PDF)
10403:(PDF)
10396:(PDF)
8873:(PDF)
8866:(PDF)
8675:(PDF)
8668:(PDF)
8603:(PDF)
8596:(PDF)
8564:(PDF)
8557:(PDF)
8296:OHCHR
8097:(PDF)
8090:(PDF)
6928:(PDF)
6913:(PDF)
6442:(PDF)
6435:(PDF)
6343:(PDF)
6336:Shuar
6332:(PDF)
6307:(PDF)
6296:(PDF)
6263:Issuu
6237:(PDF)
6226:(PDF)
5896:(PDF)
5885:(PDF)
5759:Shuar
5720:Shuar
5675:
5633:Notes
5342:Daule
5330:Quipu
5240:mango
5099:Bomba
5082:Music
5067:Media
5002:Spain
4998:Italy
4970:Chile
4920:Ancón
4912:Irish
4813:Manta
4795:Daule
4711:Durán
4580:Azuay
4486:Quito
4468:Quito
4441:Rank
4438:Pop.
4425:Rank
4395:Manta
4371:Quito
4251:Quito
4134:Other
3879:Pardo
3756:Quito
3724:Manta
3609:Baños
3576:Cobis
3431:sucre
3308:Mindo
3239:Chone
3181:Shuar
3135:Quito
3123:maize
3091:Cañar
3087:Azuay
2915:(FAE)
2884:Quito
2852:Azuay
2848:Cañar
2508:, an
2448:Quito
2368:Quito
2125:when
2009:junta
1903:Quito
1797:Pasto
1515:cocoa
1448:Quito
1345:Quito
1319:Quito
1250:Incas
1200:North
1188:Incas
1103:of a
998:Shuar
990:Asian
943:Quito
895:Sucre
850:right
686:109th
630:148th
562:Area
508:from
495:Spain
328:White
326:2.2%
322:Black
320:4.8%
314:7.7%
303:7.7%
294:White
270:Shuar
203:Quito
131:Latin
14036:2014
14031:2013
14026:2012
14021:2011
14016:2010
14001:2008
13996:2004
13971:Peru
13787:Iraq
13782:Iran
13572:Peru
13270:Peru
13066:Cuba
12936:Peru
12785:Peru
12585:Flag
12409:List
11729:2022
11623:2021
11581:ISSN
11541:ISBN
11527:2023
11501:2014
11474:2015
11448:2022
11418:2022
11387:2022
11357:2024
11327:2020
11286:2022
11260:2022
11229:link
11215:2022
11189:2022
11163:2022
11120:2022
11090:2013
11064:2020
11038:2021
11005:2020
10987:ISBN
10966:2020
10905:2019
10874:2009
10840:LCCN
10803:2010
10771:2019
10741:2017
10711:2012
10685:2012
10652:2012
10623:2012
10576:2014
10546:2014
10507:2014
10481:2024
10411:2019
10379:2016
10353:2021
10327:2014
10296:2022
10267:2022
10241:2014
10215:2014
10189:2014
10162:2012
10136:2011
10105:2021
10075:help
10055:2023
10037:ISBN
9996:2020
9966:2014
9940:2014
9891:2014
9846:2014
9819:2014
9774:2014
9748:2017
9718:2014
9692:2022
9643:2022
9613:2022
9582:2014
9556:2014
9530:2014
9481:2014
9435:2014
9389:2014
9325:2014
9280:2014
9250:2022
9219:2020
9188:2020
9154:PMID
9117:2020
9087:2020
9057:2010
9044:Time
9020:PMID
9002:ISSN
8925:2012
8899:2010
8832:2021
8769:2022
8751:ISBN
8726:2022
8708:ISBN
8683:2022
8645:2023
8611:2022
8572:2022
8527:2022
8509:ISBN
8488:link
8474:2023
8452:2012
8386:2010
8360:2012
8334:2015
8308:2022
8278:2021
8240:2017
8210:2014
8157:2021
8131:2018
8105:2018
8033:2024
8002:2012
7976:2024
7945:2024
7919:2023
7889:link
7875:2023
7844:2023
7800:2022
7770:2021
7739:2021
7709:2021
7679:2022
7649:2019
7623:2019
7593:2021
7567:2021
7541:2021
7515:2019
7416:2012
7390:2017
7360:2017
7310:2022
7280:2022
7250:2022
7220:2022
7189:2022
7159:2022
7128:2022
7097:2021
7067:2013
6992:2021
6966:2018
6936:2010
6801:PMID
6752:2022
6722:2022
6706:ISSN
6667:2022
6637:2022
6621:ISSN
6586:2023
6552:link
6538:2008
6516:2014
6489:link
6475:2012
6450:2020
6418:2019
6384:2024
6315:2019
6275:2019
6245:2024
6209:2023
6183:2023
6144:2023
6110:2021
6080:2023
6049:link
6035:2023
6013:2023
5983:2023
5957:2016
5930:2022
5904:2024
5868:2014
5842:2011
5801:2020
5395:and
5276:yuca
5265:mote
5075:and
4980:and
4914:and
4860:and
4784:Loja
4779:Loja
4454:Pop.
4445:Name
4429:Name
4224:The
4209:and
3983:0.7%
3970:2.2%
3957:4.1%
3892:and
3884:The
3824:and
3793:The
3750:The
3442:The
3187:and
3157:Napo
3107:Loja
3073:rice
3067:and
3065:Dole
3013:and
2933:Navy
2925:Army
2919:The
2886:and
2878:Loja
2870:Loja
2810:and
2780:Tena
2772:Napo
2697:and
2666:and
2649:NGOs
2595:The
2411:The
2280:CREO
2239:and
2175:, a
1978:Cain
1974:Abel
1943:The
1931:The
1426:and
1418:The
1362:The
1256:and
1221:and
1202:and
1180:Inti
1119:and
1079:lit.
996:and
927:Peru
861:+593
830:GALT
793:83rd
788:high
746:Gini
738:95th
719:63rd
667:66th
616:73rd
575:73rd
82:Flag
12051:at
11818:doi
11571:doi
11345:WSJ
11309:doi
11147:doi
10029:doi
9144:doi
9010:PMC
8992:doi
7964:CNN
7863:CNN
6791:PMC
6781:doi
6698:hdl
6690:doi
6613:doi
6609:152
5749:";
5726:or
5669:ɔːr
5411:Art
5261:cuy
4205:),
4114:13%
4099:79%
3942:93%
3801:in
3525:EXA
3015:5°S
3011:2°N
2585:).
2581:or
2366:in
2121:in
1886:in
1454:'s
1301:).
1237:).
1158:).
1085:of
941:is
885:.ec
826:ECT
820:UTC
808:USD
771:HDI
694:GDP
644:PPP
638:GDP
14163::
12863:UK
12010:.
12004:.
11824:.
11814:16
11812:.
11793:.
11789:.
11771:.
11767:.
11749:.
11745:.
11712:.
11646:.
11642:.
11631:^
11613:.
11609:.
11587:.
11579:.
11565:.
11561:.
11434:.
11408:.
11404:.
11373:.
11347:.
11343:.
11317:.
11303:.
11276:.
11250:.
11246:.
11225:}}
11221:{{
11153:.
11143:83
11141:.
11137:.
11106:.
10995:.
10956:.
10952:.
10930:.
10926:.
10913:^
10891:.
10860:.
10838:.
10834:,
10830:.
10779:^
10757:.
10731:.
10727:.
10660:^
10631:^
10566:.
10562:.
10536:.
10532:.
10317:.
10313:.
10257:.
10205:.
10122:.
10091:.
10067::
10065:}}
10061:{{
10045:.
10035:.
9982:.
9956:.
9930:.
9926:.
9881:.
9809:.
9764:.
9734:.
9682:.
9678:.
9629:.
9603:.
9599:.
9572:.
9520:.
9489:^
9471:.
9450:.
9425:.
9379:.
9270:.
9266:.
9236:.
9209:.
9205:.
9174:.
9152:.
9140:15
9138:.
9134:.
9103:.
9073:.
9041:.
9018:.
9008:.
9000:.
8990:.
8980:11
8978:.
8974:.
8840:^
8822:.
8771:.
8759:.
8728:.
8716:.
8685:.
8647:.
8613:.
8574:.
8529:.
8517:.
8484:}}
8480:{{
8420:.
8298:.
8294:.
8226:.
8180:^
8019:.
7966:.
7962:.
7909:.
7905:.
7885:}}
7881:{{
7865:.
7861:.
7816:.
7790:.
7786:.
7760:.
7756:.
7725:.
7695:.
7665:.
7640:.
7613:.
7609:.
7531:.
7505:.
7501:.
7461:.
7438:.
7376:.
7350:.
7344:.
7296:.
7270:.
7266:.
7236:.
7210:.
7206:.
7179:.
7175:.
7149:.
7145:.
7118:.
7114:.
7087:.
7083:.
7046:^
6952:.
6921:34
6919:.
6915:.
6799:.
6789:.
6777:21
6775:.
6769:.
6742:.
6738:.
6712:.
6704:.
6696:.
6684:.
6653:.
6627:.
6619:.
6607:.
6603:.
6576:.
6569:.
6548:}}
6544:{{
6485:}}
6481:{{
6458:^
6437:.
6408:.
6404:.
6400:.
6298:.
6261:.
6228:.
6169:.
6165:.
6152:^
6130:.
6126:.
6100:.
6096:.
6065:.
6045:}}
6041:{{
5999:.
5920:.
5887:.
5832:.
5828:.
5809:^
5780:^
5761::
5757:;
5753::
5741::
5722::
5718:;
5714::
5710:;
5693:;
5688:EK
5580:.
5501:.
5485:,
5481:,
5477:,
5473:,
5469:,
5465:,
5449:,
5427:.
5364:;
5294:.
5286:,
5238:,
5230:,
5218:.
5117:.
4996:,
4968:,
4910:,
4906:,
4902:,
4898:,
4894:,
4887:.
4825:20
4809:10
4791:19
4757:18
4723:17
4689:16
4655:15
4621:14
4587:13
4553:12
4498:11
4142:3%
4129:5%
3734:,
3730:,
3726:,
3722:,
3714:,
3676:,
3672:,
3668:,
3664:,
3653:,
3649:,
3645:,
3641:,
3637:,
3633:,
3503:,
3241:,
3237:,
3217:.
3183:,
3167:,
3163:,
3159:,
3155:,
3121:,
3109:,
3105:,
3101:,
3097:,
3093:,
3089:,
3051:,
3047:,
3043:,
3039:,
2927:,
2868:,
2850:,
2832:,
2828:,
2824:,
2792:,
2788:,
2770:,
2752:,
2748:,
2607:.
2592:.
2496:.
2428:.
2420:,
2359:.
2231:A
2211:,
2167:,
2133:.
1984:.
1960:.
1855:.
1799:,
1554:.
1501:;
1497:;
1493:;
1489:;
1485:;
1474:.
1462:,
1389:.
1359:.
1214:.
1061:.
1026:,
1022:,
1018:,
1000:.
984:,
980:,
949:.
873:EC
13879:e
13872:t
13865:v
13747:e
13740:t
13733:v
13424:e
13417:t
13410:v
13144:e
13137:t
13130:v
13032:e
13025:t
13018:v
12899:e
12892:t
12885:v
12712:e
12705:t
12698:v
12130:)
12126:(
12081:e
12074:t
12067:v
12014:.
11832:.
11820::
11731:.
11625:.
11595:.
11573::
11567:9
11547:)
11529:.
11503:.
11476:.
11450:.
11420:.
11389:.
11359:.
11329:.
11311::
11288:.
11262:.
11231:)
11217:.
11191:.
11165:.
11149::
11122:.
11092:.
11066:.
11040:.
11007:.
10968:.
10907:.
10876:.
10846:.
10805:.
10773:.
10743:.
10713:.
10687:.
10654:.
10625:.
10578:.
10548:.
10509:.
10483:.
10413:.
10381:.
10355:.
10329:.
10298:.
10269:.
10243:.
10217:.
10191:.
10164:.
10138:.
10107:.
10077:)
10057:.
10031::
9998:.
9968:.
9942:.
9893:.
9848:.
9821:.
9776:.
9750:.
9720:.
9694:.
9645:.
9615:.
9584:.
9558:.
9532:.
9483:.
9437:.
9391:.
9327:.
9282:.
9252:.
9221:.
9190:.
9160:.
9146::
9119:.
9089:.
9059:.
9026:.
8994::
8986::
8927:.
8901:.
8834:.
8490:)
8476:.
8454:.
8388:.
8362:.
8336:.
8310:.
8280:.
8242:.
8212:.
8159:.
8133:.
8107:.
8035:.
8004:.
7978:.
7947:.
7921:.
7891:)
7877:.
7846:.
7820:.
7802:.
7772:.
7741:.
7711:.
7681:.
7651:.
7625:.
7595:.
7569:.
7543:.
7517:.
7442:.
7418:.
7392:.
7362:.
7312:.
7282:.
7252:.
7222:.
7191:.
7161:.
7130:.
7099:.
7069:.
6994:.
6968:.
6938:.
6882:.
6867:.
6852:.
6822:.
6807:.
6783::
6754:.
6724:.
6700::
6692::
6669:.
6639:.
6615::
6588:.
6554:)
6540:.
6518:.
6491:)
6477:.
6452:.
6420:.
6386:.
6317:.
6293:"
6277:.
6247:.
6211:.
6185:.
6146:.
6112:.
6082:.
6051:)
6037:.
6015:.
5932:.
5906:.
5870:.
5844:.
5803:.
5672:/
5666:d
5663:ə
5660:w
5657:k
5654:ɛ
5651:ˈ
5648:/
5431:.
4775:9
4741:8
4707:7
4673:6
4639:5
4605:4
4571:3
4537:2
4482:1
4393:-
4236:(
3657:.
3450:.
3137:.
3079:.
2079:"
1591:e
1584:t
1577:v
1162:.
1146:.
1100:4
1096:1
1077:(
901:.
832:)
824:(
810:)
806:(
795:)
740:)
721:)
688:)
669:)
646:)
642:(
632:)
618:)
577:)
311:)
300:)
164:)
133:)
129:(
122:)
118:(
65:)
61:(
41:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.