2186:
1821:
1902:
4081:
2621:
502:
1112:
1455:
1657:
8337:
4000:
904:
4101:
4063:
4025:
56:
8168:
997:
6715:
6677:
8077:
570:
4824:
4786:
4753:
4043:
7645:
2590:
7992:
8140:
7855:
1805:. Kılıçdaroğlu returned the CHP to its traditional social-democratic image and cast away its secularist-establishmentalist character. This involved building bridges to voters it has traditionally not attracted: the devout, Kurds, and right-wing voters. However even with Kılıçdaroğlu at the helm, after five general elections, the CHP still did not win an election, receiving between only 22 and 26% of the vote in parliamentary elections. The CHP supported the unsuccessful "no" campaign in the
2502:
2440:
8351:
8365:
8119:
7827:
7813:
7048:
7764:
8281:
8038:
8024:
7925:
7911:
7883:
7603:
2471:
8393:
8239:
8091:
7687:
8323:
8309:
8253:
8063:
7897:
7743:
7673:
7659:
7617:
7582:
7568:
8379:
8295:
8182:
8154:
7631:
7101:
8214:
8105:
7978:
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7729:
7036:
8267:
7841:
7715:
2337:
2559:
7953:
7869:
7701:
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1570:, a household name from the pre-1980 CHP, reestablished the Republican People's Party in 1992, and the SHP merged with the party in 1995. However, Ecevit's DSP remained separate, and to this day has not merged with the CHP. Observers noted that the two parties held similar ideologies and split the Kemalist vote in the nineties. The CHP held an uncompromisingly secularist and establishmentalist character and supported
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3492:
3477:
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3379:
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3316:
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3269:
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3246:
3238:
3214:
3206:
3191:
3183:
3151:
3128:
3096:
3073:
3049:
3041:
3026:
3018:
2986:
2854:
2804:
303:
3942:
3919:
3887:
3864:
3832:
3809:
3777:
3754:
3722:
3699:
3667:
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3434:
3411:
3324:
3301:
3159:
3136:
3104:
3081:
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2971:
2944:
2930:
2903:
2889:
2862:
2839:
2812:
2789:
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1291:– the first multi-party general election in the country's history, in a contest between the DP and CHP. The result was a victory for the CHP, which won 395 of the 465 seats, amid criticism that the election did not live up to democratic standards. Under pressure by the new conservative parliamentary opposition and the United States, the party became especially
1446:
with a
Democratic Left program without qualms, though it achieved a similar result as its performance from last election due to the growing perception that the party primarily appealed to the educated urban elite. İnönü remained as opposition leader and the leader of the CHP until 8 May 1972, when he
1355:
Though the DP and CHP were rivals, the DP was founded by
Republicans and mostly continued Kemalist policies. But despite its name, the Democrat Party became increasingly authoritarian by the end of its rule. İnönü was harassed and almost lynched multiple times by DP supporters, and the DP government
1862:
by CHP voters so the party could pass the 10% threshold. Coalition talks went nowhere. MHP ruled out partaking in a government with HDP in a CHP lead government and the CHP refused to govern with the AKP after weeks of negotiations. In a snap election held that
1442:. When asked about his reasoning for his favoring Ecevit, İnönü replied: "Actually we are already a left-to-center party after embracing Laïcité. If you are populist, you are (also) at the left of center." With Feyzioğlu's departure, the CHP participated in the
1992:
to the ruling People's
Alliance. Smaller parties to the CHP's right ran on its lists, which resulted in them receiving 35 seats in parliament for minimal electoral gains. At the 38th ordinary party congress held shortly after the election,
6798:
6788:
6778:
1777:, AKP leadership failed to come to a consensus whether to participate. By a thin margin, parliament vetoed invading Iraq, due to half of the AKP's parliamentary group voting with the CHP against war. CHP leadership briefly held a soft
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6959:
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system in place during the 1950s, the DP achieved landslide victories in elections that were reasonably close, meaning the CHP was in opposition for 10 years. In the meantime, the party began a long transformation into a
1653:. Many of its members were critical of the leadership of CHP, especially Baykal, who they complained was stifling the party of young blood by turning away the young who turn either to apathy or even vote for the AKP.
2399:
571:
1220:
was elected the second president and assumed leadership of the
Republican People's Party. İnönü's presidency saw heavy state involvement in the economy and further rural development initiatives such as
5140:
6704:
1645:(Justice and Development Party) received above the 10% threshold to enter parliament. With DSP's collapse, CHP became Turkey's main Kemalist party. It also became the second largest party and the
1676:
6813:
6808:
2185:
962:
was declared, all political parties except the CHP were banned, all newspapers beyond state approved papers were banned (this ban would be lifted by 1930), and
Karabekir's partisans were
1794:
1159:
1279:
In the aftermath of World War II, İnönü presided over the democratization of Turkey. With the crisis of war over, factionalism between the liberals and statists again broke out. The
201:
5854:
1976:, mayors of İstanbul and Ankara respectively, along with other party leaders in Nation Alliance, ran to be his vice-presidents. Despite the government's lackluster response to the
1925:. Kılıçdaroğlu was instrumental in the facilitating the rise of the new party by transferring MPs so they would have a parliamentary group to compete in the 2018 election. In the
1751:. The "no" campaign, supported by the CHP, failed, as a majority of Turks voted in favor of direct presidential elections. The final challenge against the AKP's existence was a
394:
6697:
1649:, a position it has retained since. Since the dramatic 2002 election, the CHP has been racked by internal power struggles, and has been outclassed by the AKP governments of
5758:"A New Electoral Victory for the 'Pro-Islamists' or the 'New Centre-Right'? The Justice and Development Party Phenomenon in the July 2007 Parliamentary Elections in Turkey"
5717:"A New Electoral Victory for the 'Pro-Islamists' or the 'New Centre-Right'? The Justice and Development Party Phenomenon in the July 2007 Parliamentary Elections in Turkey"
1307:. The 1950 election marked the end of the CHP's last majority government. The party has not been able to regain a parliamentary majority in any subsequent election since.
8496:
2040:
voters, contributed to the party's shift away from the political left. Some leftists critical of
Kemalism criticize the party's continuous opposition to the removal of
1891:
5089:"Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, programındaki anlamlarıyla Atatürkçülüğün "Cumhuriyetçilik, Milliyetçilik, Halkçılık, Devletçilik, Laiklik, Devrimcilik" ilkelerine bağlıdır."
1384:
and executed. Right-wing parties which trace their roots to the DP have since continuously attacked the CHP for their perceived involvement in the hanging of
Menderes.
6818:
6803:
6793:
6783:
5615:
1199:
7244:
6020:
5207:"Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi'nin diğer ülke partileriyle ilişkisi (1923-1950) / Relationship of Republican People's Party with parties from other countries (1923-1950)"
1953:, which saw great gains for the CHP, capturing nearly 30% of the electorate. A tacit collaboration with the HDP allowed for CHP to win the municipal mayoralties of
6690:
1713:(Islamic reaction) that the AKP victory would bring into government, which served to alienate liberals and democrats from the party. The CHP chose to boycott the (
5498:
2673:
2652:
7524:
5949:
1295:, and retracted some of its rural development programs and anti-clerical policies. The period between 1946 and 1950 saw İnönü prepare for a pluralistic Turkey
6137:
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5132:
1725:
to increase his mandate, in which the CHP formed an electoral alliance with the declining DSP, but gained only 21% of the vote. During the campaign season, a
17:
7019:
7009:
7004:
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6994:
6317:
1802:
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1747:
The party also voted against a package of constitutional amendments to have the president elected by the people instead of parliament, which was eventually
2644:
7086:
2210:
1146:, at the expense of religious conservatives, minorities, and communists. The party-state cracked down on Kurdish resistance to assimilation, suppressing
8521:
5469:
2328:
8883:
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7399:
5908:
2033:. The CHP describes itself as a ''modern social-democratic party, which is faithful to the founding principles and values of the Republic of Turkey".
9777:
9704:
501:
8969:
6335:
1945:. Though CHP's vote was reduced to 22%, strategic voting for the other parties yielded the alliance 33% of the vote. Their candidate for president:
1049:
1020:
nation state. Such reforms included the adoption of Swiss and
Italian legal and penal codes, the acceleration of industrialization, land reform and
8081:
7543:
6071:
1752:
6275:
5993:
5490:
2650:
1770:
Between 2002 and 2010, Turkey held three general elections and two local elections, all of which the CHP received between 18 and 23% of the vote.
9599:
8526:
8491:
7454:
6206:
1325:
664:. In 1923, the "People's Party", soon adding the word "Republican" to its name, declared itself to be a political organisation and announced the
9737:
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5316:
8758:
8511:
6046:
5206:
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of the transition to the
Republic from the Sultanate. In the period of 1930–1939, Atatürk's CHP clarified its ideology from a vague left-wing-
9679:
8941:
6470:
5579:
5521:
5107:
1646:
810:
31:
6434:
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1988:, Kılıçdaroğlu lost his bid to Erdoğan after taking the race to a run-off and receiving 48% of the vote. The Nation Alliance again lost the
9564:
8123:
6517:
6367:
1498:
696:
8218:
6452:
2151:
2143:
1879:
1820:
6289:
2223:, "to the dismay of its own leadership the CHP's core constituency, as well as most of its MPs, are Alevis." The party's former leader,
1709:
1332:
and the women's branch were founded. In 1953, the establishment of trade unions and vocational chambers was proposed, and support for a
1147:
9065:
7517:
2147:
1977:
1847:
1521:
Both the party name "Republican People's Party" and the abbreviation "CHP" were banned until 1987. Until 1999, Turkey was ruled by the
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802:
782:
669:
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829:
609:
and founder of the modern
Turkish Republic. The party is also cited as the founding party of modern Turkey. Its logo consists of the
2230:
The CHP also draws much of their support from voters of big cities and coastal regions. The party's strongholds are the west of the
2013:, this was the first time the CHP won the popular vote winning 37.8% of the electorate, and was the AKP's first nation-wide defeat.
2009:. CHP mayors were reelected in Istanbul and Ankara, along with new victories in rural Aegean and Central Anatolian provinces. Since
9715:
7803:
7404:
7139:
2649:
1190:, the party divided into statist and liberal factions, being championed by Atatürk's prime minister İnönü and his finance minister
1115:
The CHP (Then known with the acronym "CHF") sponsored many nation building projects throughout the 1930s, such as People's Courses.
6585:
1045:
7079:
5642:
2174:
1328:
and signed workers protections into law, and universities were given autonomy from the state. In its ninth congress in 1951, the
5798:
5047:
Liza Mügge (2013). "Brussels Calling: The European organisation of migrants from Turkey". In Dirk Halm; Muhittin Öztürk (eds.).
1901:
9772:
9752:
8172:
7831:
7127:
5425:
3788:
2190:
1895:
1864:
1806:
1748:
1642:
1284:
720:
646:
1871:
9494:
8193:
8130:
7510:
7439:
7389:
7384:
7319:
6176:
5967:
5393:
5266:
4890:
Yenen, Alp (2018). "Elusive forces in illusive eyes: British officialdom's perception of the Anatolian resistance movement".
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1855:
1194:
respectively. Atatürk mostly favored İnönü's policies, so economic development of the early republic was largely confined to
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833:
439:
6613:
6408:
5619:
2620:
9747:
9742:
8144:
7817:
7486:
2136:
825:
2648:
817:
to elect representatives associated with the organization. Most members of the A–RMHC were previously associated with the
9004:
8028:
7943:
7095:
4838:
2646:
1989:
1128:
598:
531:
9762:
9250:
8751:
8003:
7719:
7691:
7621:
7572:
7349:
7264:
7175:
7072:
5560:
4072:
4035:
3992:
3733:
1851:
1835:
1738:
1692:
1329:
938:. The life of the opposition party was short. The Progressive Republican Party faced allegations of involvement in the
849:
263:
9416:
2645:
1183:
9549:
9197:
8934:
8369:
8327:
8257:
8243:
7901:
7677:
7649:
7344:
7116:
6501:
5680:
5364:
2679:
2099:
1875:
1839:
1505:, the party received 41% of the vote, but not enough support for a stable government. Ecevit and his political rival
1195:
1005:
990:
642:
425:
8893:
5282:
4848:
2647:
1403:
in Turkey, which endured for seven-months. İnönü was able to form two more governments with other parties until the
285:
9767:
9694:
8271:
7915:
7429:
7187:
6545:
4870:
2041:
1985:
1934:
1883:
1764:
1733:. The CHP boycotted Gül's second attempt to be voted president, though this time Gül had the necessary quorum with
1598:
1594:
1448:
467:
5872:
9176:
9125:
7957:
7733:
7094:
2142:
The CHP has supported Turkey's interventions in the Middle East. While it still supports Turkish intervention in
1571:
1513:, resulting in the banning of every political party and major politicians being jailed and banned from politics.
943:
818:
219:
191:
5836:
1111:
1097:
963:
9584:
7789:
7747:
7259:
7205:
6259:
1548:
1337:
1139:
224:
9474:
5930:
4589:
3447:
2414:
1510:
1369:
1357:
708:
700:
9757:
9657:
9652:
9539:
8744:
7635:
7314:
6682:
5466:
4284:
4264:
4244:
4219:
4199:
4179:
4159:
4134:
3898:
3843:
3678:
3623:
3568:
3511:
3456:
3390:
3335:
3280:
3225:
3170:
3115:
3060:
3005:
2955:
2914:
2873:
2823:
2773:
2723:
2010:
1965:
1942:
1926:
1810:
1722:
1638:
1622:
1502:
1478:
1443:
1404:
1388:
1361:
1300:
1288:
1171:
1025:
979:
955:
853:
716:
692:
280:
6108:
1454:
9635:
8927:
8888:
8383:
7533:
7434:
7329:
7274:
7269:
7254:
7234:
7163:
6303:
4793:
4760:
4727:
4722:
4694:
4666:
4638:
4605:
4598:
4582:
4554:
4521:
4493:
4465:
4085:
2579:
2224:
2113:
2006:
1950:
1910:
1824:
1798:
1304:
1105:
1040:, to name a few. In the party's second ordinary congress in 1927, Atatürk delivered a thirty-six hour long
731:
688:
606:
371:
311:
1997:
was elected leader of the CHP, defeating the incumbent Kılıçdaroğlu who had held the position since 2010.
1949:, lost in the first round, receiving only 30% of the vote. The Nation Alliance was re-established for the
1793:
On 10 May 2010, Deniz Baykal announced his resignation as leader of the Republican People's Party after a
9604:
9594:
9499:
9212:
9202:
9192:
9029:
8313:
7929:
7359:
7284:
6563:
5026:
1981:
1625:, the DSP benefited massively in the polls at the expense of CHP, and the party failed to exceed the 10%
1610:
1581:
From 1991 to 1996, the SHP and then the CHP were in coalition governments with the DYP. Baykal supported
1280:
790:
715:
on 9 September 1992, with the participation of a majority of its members from the pre-1980 period. Since
657:
8861:
2589:
707:
became chairman in 1972. The CHP, along with all other political parties of the time, was banned by the
108:
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7887:
7859:
7663:
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4009:
2201:
and liberally religious voters. It has traditional ties to the middle and upper-middle classes such as
1734:
1490:
877:
6383:
6191:
2044:
of the Turkish penal code, which caused people to be prosecuted for "insulting Turkishness" including
1656:
1532:(DYP), unofficial successors of the Democrat Party and the Justice Party, as well as, briefly, by the
1501:. The CHP achieved its best ever result in a free and fair multi-party election under Ecevit, when in
989:, with one interruption; another brief experiment of opposition politics through the formation of the
9689:
9255:
9080:
9034:
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7754:
7607:
7593:
7449:
7409:
5590:
4982:
4004:
2398:
1843:
1755:
which ended without a ban. Following the decision, the AKP government, in a covert alliance with the
1741:
1590:
1586:
1525:
1482:
1400:
1151:
845:
776:
9391:
5586:
2036:
The distance between the party administration and many leftist grassroots, especially left-oriented
1641:, the CHP came back with 20% of the vote but 32% of the seats in parliament, as only it and the new
9709:
9265:
9245:
9235:
8908:
8648:
8624:
8341:
8042:
7782:
7705:
7414:
7379:
7354:
7334:
7324:
7193:
2117:
1938:
1846:
still lost to Erdoğan with only 38% of the vote. The two parties were critical of the government's
1486:
1373:
1033:
366:
358:
9366:
8811:
6112:
5100:
4354:
2322:
907:
903:
798:
602:
118:
9674:
9647:
9260:
9240:
9115:
8964:
8706:
7369:
7364:
7309:
4843:
2139:
on the Palestinian people, declaring "The Turkish left is never far from the Palestinian cause."
2105:
1424:
1420:
1316:
1175:
1053:
735:
386:
214:
9625:
8846:
8781:
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1650:
1162:
peaked in the mid-1930s. In the party's third convention, it clarified its approach towards the
1013:
893:
673:
9630:
9609:
9524:
8786:
8299:
8076:
7768:
7459:
7444:
3999:
2170:
1828:
1494:
1396:
1273:
1230:
1135:
6489:
6164:
5163:
5048:
2259:
2083:
1887:
1283:
resulted in the resignation of some CHP members, most prominently Bayar, who then founded the
9381:
9145:
9140:
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7982:
7289:
7249:
7199:
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2336:
2209:
as well as academics, college students, left-leaning intellectuals and labour unions such as
2072:
1774:
1416:
1345:
1217:
951:
939:
911:
869:
841:
743:
684:
665:
8871:
2267:
1759:, began a purge of the Turkish military, judiciary, and police forces of secularists in the
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9321:
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7299:
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6340:
sözde kaldı! Özgür Özel de Kavala ve Demirtaş'a selam gönderdi - Gündem Haberi | Yirmidort"
5950:"Meet Kemal Kilicdaroglu, Turkey's long-derided opposition head who could dethrone Erdogan"
5064:
2128:
2109:
2061:
1730:
1684:
1680:
1672:
1474:
1365:
1167:
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1143:
1073:
1029:
931:
739:
626:
382:
348:
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1509:
would constantly turnover the premiership as partisan deadlock took hold. This ended in a
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8:
9514:
9376:
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4024:
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1969:
1914:
1700:
1626:
1356:
confiscated CHP property and harassed their members. The DP blocked the CHP from forming
1132:
536:
453:
9559:
6138:"The Republican People's Party (CHP) is Complicit in the Erosion of Democracy in Turkey"
5232:"The Republican People's Party (CHP) is Complicit in the Erosion of Democracy in Turkey"
5133:"The Republican People's Party (CHP) is Complicit in the Erosion of Democracy in Turkey"
1602:
1540:
1506:
1435:
996:
781:
The Republican People's Party has its origins in the resistance organizations, known as
96:
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9534:
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9331:
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Kemalism in Turkish Politics: The Republican People's Party, Secularism and Nationalism
5259:
Kemalism in Turkish Politics: The Republican People's Party, Secularism and Nationalism
4964:
4917:
2169:
and the expansion of the alliance. The party MPs voted overwhelmingly in favor of both
1814:
1606:
1473:
role in politics and, although remaining staunchly nationalist, attempted to implement
1470:
1254:
1222:
873:
526:
343:
103:
9436:
9421:
8724:
8516:
6676:
5537:"Election Resources on the Internet: Elections to the Turkish Grand National Assembly"
4798:
2610:
1994:
1964:
Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu was nominated as the CHP and the Nation Alliance candidate for the
1614:
1381:
1249:. Non-Muslims especially suffered when the CHP government implemented discriminatory "
724:
237:
84:
9504:
9484:
9406:
9341:
9225:
9130:
9085:
9060:
9019:
8974:
8841:
8671:
8280:
7996:
7873:
7294:
7169:
6497:
6412:
6255:
6172:
6065:
5808:
5783:
5742:
5676:
5491:"İsmet İnönü'nün Cumhurbaşkanlığı Döneminde Yükseköğretimdeki Gelişmeler (1938-1950)"
5421:
5389:
5381:
5360:
5262:
5004:
4987:"Geographies of Nationalism and Violence: Rethinking Young Turk 'Social Engineering'"
4956:
4921:
2558:
1714:
1688:
1660:
1575:
1341:
1021:
837:
9663:
9569:
9311:
2243:
2239:
2235:
1756:
1737:'s participation and won. The swearing-in ceremony was boycotted by the CHP and the
1250:
1044:
of his account of the pivotal last 10 years of Turkish history, which ended with an
9386:
9044:
8851:
8640:
8630:
8501:
8463:
8448:
7304:
7181:
5769:
5728:
4994:
4948:
4907:
4899:
4859:
4823:
4785:
4752:
2275:
2271:
2026:
1859:
1781:
as the AKP government came close to an assension plan with the European Union (see
1760:
1552:
1321:
1265:
1246:
1187:
1155:
1037:
590:
581:
564:
552:
326:
9641:
9574:
9446:
9426:
9361:
8689:
8683:
8571:
8546:
8468:
4986:
4903:
4526:
4224:
4047:
2388:
2367:
1946:
1838:
was the first in which the position would be directly elected and came just after
1560:
1458:
1408:
704:
9529:
9519:
9120:
9105:
9100:
9070:
8606:
8561:
8536:
8336:
8139:
7481:
7052:
6371:
6249:
6210:
5697:
5473:
5354:
2279:
2255:
2158:
2121:
2076:
1529:
1412:
1392:
1349:
1124:
971:
967:
751:
747:
331:
270:
9326:
8506:
8109:
6714:
6047:"Turkey's Erdogan dealt major election blow as opposition party wins big cities"
5890:
2460:
1973:
1906:
1696:
1582:
1477:
into the ideology of CHP. His arrival saw support for the party increase in the
1186:, and to this day make up a core constituency of the CHP. With the onset of the
1174:, accepting them as real Turks as long as they adhere to the national ideal and
55:
9544:
9509:
9479:
9464:
8979:
8618:
8612:
8600:
8556:
8285:
7991:
7644:
7502:
7157:
6834:
5909:"In Turkey, Erdogan challenger attracts solid Kurdish support, a decisive vote"
5467:
Başvekalet Kararlar Dairesi Müdürlüğü 15 Aralık 1937 tarih, 7829 nolu kararname
4937:"The Ottoman Legacy of the Turkish Republic: An Attempt at a New Periodization"
4042:
2247:
2162:
2065:
2037:
1930:
1813:, the party increased its support by 25% but not enough to unseat the AKP. The
1778:
1439:
1377:
1296:
1292:
1061:
856:, the A–RMHC was transformed into a political party called the People's Party (
814:
794:
755:
703:
saw the party gradually trend towards the center-left, which was cemented once
661:
610:
9396:
9356:
9286:
9075:
6712:
6223:
6021:"Turkey's main opposition elects Ozel as new leader in local elections run-up"
5774:
5757:
5733:
5716:
2522:
1854:, the AKP lost its parliamentary majority due to the debut of the pro-Kurdish
1191:
1014:
introduced sweeping social, cultural, educational, economic, and legal reforms
914:, 1936. İnönü would succeed him as president and CHP chairman after his death.
668:, with Atatürk as its first president. As Turkey moved into its authoritarian
9731:
9039:
8836:
8588:
8551:
8541:
7040:
6590:
5290:
5008:
4960:
2231:
2219:
2206:
1536:
1229:
was annexed and İnönü adopted a policy of neutrality despite attempts by the
1065:
1017:
618:
9441:
8984:
8866:
7224:
5022:
1447:
was overthrown by Ecevit in a party congress, due to his endorsement of the
1057:
1048:
to protect the Republic. Its narrative has served as the basis of a growing
947:
927:
9351:
9291:
9135:
9014:
8856:
8712:
8677:
8594:
8566:
8438:
8428:
6639:
5409:
4991:
European Journal of Turkish Studies. Social Sciences on Contemporary Turkey
4610:
2548:
2491:
2429:
2087:
1726:
1567:
1522:
1333:
1238:
975:
712:
680:
248:
79:
9401:
6276:"CHP'li Böke'den Alperen Ocakları'na sert tepki: Tehdide seyirci kalmayız"
2283:
1867:, the AKP regained their parliamentary majority as well as MHP's support.
1664:
1431:) programme for that election, which they lost against the Justice Party.
9371:
9296:
9168:
8999:
8877:
8806:
8665:
8443:
8167:
7854:
7464:
2251:
2189:
Party headquarters in Ankara, showing a banner urging a "no" vote in the
2053:
2049:
2045:
2022:
1269:
1234:
1226:
1081:
983:
959:
923:
786:
660:. Under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, they united in the 1919
634:
30:
This article is about the political party in Turkey. For other uses, see
9346:
1882:. This support went so far as to help the government pass a law to lift
1563:, Bülent Ecevit's wife (Bülent Ecevit later took over the DSP in 1987).
9270:
8903:
8831:
8736:
8531:
8486:
8453:
8364:
8118:
7826:
7151:
4968:
4936:
2198:
2057:
1922:
1605:, the CHP withdrew its support and helped depose the government with a
1368:. With the army concerned by the DP's authoritarianism, Turkey's first
1138:
propagated. Opposition to Atatürk's reforms were suppressed by various
1120:
1001:
258:
8919:
6411:(in Turkish). cumhuriyetciturkpartisi.org. 22 May 2016. Archived from
4999:
4912:
1208:
circle were deemed to be impermissible, so they were also suppressed.
803:
Association for the Defence of National Rights of Anatolia and Rumelia
801:
and his colleagues united the Defence of Rights Associations into the
9306:
9150:
7812:
6518:"Turkey's Top Election Challenger Pledges Closer Ties to NATO and EU"
6290:"CHP'li Mahmut Tanal 'Trans Onur Yürüyüşü'nde TOMA'nın üzerine çıktı"
6165:"Brussels Calling: The European organisation of migrants from Turkey"
5994:"'Millet ittifakı' resmen kuruldu: Protokolün detayları ortaya çıktı"
5417:
4865:
1782:
1242:
1089:
1069:
622:
5931:"Turkish opposition leader targeted by Kurdish militants - minister"
5455:
1927 Komünist Tevkifatı, "İstanbul Ağır Ceza Mahkemesindeki Duruşma"
4952:
3962:
Presidential election record of the Republican People's Party (CHP)
1543:, İsmet İnönü's son, consolidated two successor parties to form the
836:
in Istanbul. The Grand National Assembly forces militarily defeated
9024:
8989:
8037:
8023:
7924:
7910:
7882:
7602:
7239:
6087:"New test for Erdogan: What's at stake in Turkish local elections?"
5837:"The role of the opposition in autocratisation: the case of Turkey"
5698:"Turkey's soft-spoken Kemal Kilicdaroglu takes on powerful Erdogan"
5536:
5181:
2116:. In 2014, the CHP urged the Socialist International to accept the
2030:
1954:
1533:
1101:
1077:
630:
614:
586:
321:
6471:"MHP'den Kılıçdaroğlu'na tezkere yanıtı: Kaderdaşlarına kıyamıyor"
5855:"Turkey to add Gülen movement to list of terror groups: President"
5317:"Turks still debate whether Treaty of Lausanne was fair to Turkey"
2150:
since 2021; since 2023, it has also voted against intervention in
2082:
Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu and then Özgür Özel have repeatedly called for
1303:
that led to the CHP losing power to the DP. İnönü presided over a
1008:
during the 4th Republican People's Party Ordinary Convention, 1935
8392:
8322:
8308:
8252:
8238:
8090:
8062:
7896:
7742:
7714:
7686:
7672:
7658:
7616:
7581:
7567:
6169:
Migration and Organized Civil Society: Rethinking National Policy
5803:
5444:, Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2006, sayı 15.
5182:"International Entente of Radical and Similar Democratic Parties"
5050:
Migration and Organized Civil Society: Rethinking National Policy
2214:
1423:
faction in the CHP, Ecevit contributed to the party adopting the
1179:
1093:
1085:
638:
202:
Association for the Defence of the Rights of Anatolia and Rumelia
6045:
Ebrahim, Scott McLean, Mohammed Tawfeeq, Nadeen (1 April 2024).
5356:
Daring and Caution in Turkish Strategic Culture: Republic at Sea
4853:
1788:
8378:
8294:
8213:
8181:
8153:
8104:
7977:
7952:
7868:
7798:
7728:
7700:
7630:
7100:
2132:
1958:
1718:
687:, allowed for multi-party elections, and the party initiated a
594:
241:
6453:"Turkey extends Syria and Iraq military missions by two years"
6318:"Main opposition leader calls for release of Kavala, Demirtaş"
2671:
2642:
2071:
Numerous politicians from the party have espoused support for
1609:. Ecevit's DSP formed an interim-government, during which the
1539:. CHP supporters also established successor parties. By 1985,
1364:. By 1960, the DP accused the CHP of plotting a rebellion and
934:, reacting against the abolition of the Caliphate, formed the
9489:
8355:
8266:
7938:
7840:
7777:
6640:"CHP Seçim Sonuçları: 31 Mart 2019 CHP Yerel Seçim Sonuçları"
1704:
1679:. Since Baykal proclaimed the party to be the bulwark of the
1618:
1216:
On 12 November 1938, the day after Atatürk's death, his ally
1204:
1041:
930:
movement. In 1924, a right-wing opposition to Atatürk led by
481:
1890:, as well as CHP lawmakers. The party lead the unsuccessful
1691:
supported by the CHP in reaction to the AKP's candidate for
6614:"Kılıçdaroğlu Alevi olduğu için Erdoğan yüzde 67 oy alacak"
2166:
2000:
1434:İnönü favored Ecevit's controversial faction, resulting in
1258:
759:
6490:"The European Union and the Justice and Development Party"
6487:
5164:"The European Union and the Justice and Development Party"
5161:
1886:, resulting in the jailing of MPs from the HDP, including
1687:
to shut down the newly elected AKP. The crisis began with
1632:
1566:
After the ban on pre-1980 politicians was lifted in 1987,
1264:. Over the course of the war, the CHP eventually rejected
742:. Many politicians of CHP have declared their support for
7245:
Association for Defence of National Rights Movement Party
7114:
2197:
The CHP draws its support from professional middle-class
672:, the CHP was the apparatus of implementing far reaching
408:
7225:
Minor parties (without representation above local level)
1399:, a successor-party to the Democrat Party. This was the
1178:. However under the state sanctioned secularist climate
6496:. Columbia University Press. p. 184, paragraph 2.
6435:"CHP Genel Başkanı Özel: İsrail, devlet terörü yapıyor"
1032:, women's suffrage, and switching written Turkish from
860:) soon changing its name to Republican People's Party (
711:. The CHP was re-established with its original name by
6586:"Identity: Proud to be a Turk: But what does it mean?"
5170:. Columbia University Press. p. 184, paragraph 2.
1671:
In 2007, the culmination of tensions between Turkey's
1493:. The 1970s saw the party solidify its relations with
515:
6670:
6130:
2191:
2017 referendum on establishing a presidential system
1310:
5873:"Turkish Parliament Refuses to Allow U.S. Troops In"
2666:
2213:. The party also appeals to minority groups such as
1372:
was performed by junior officers. After one year of
1299:. A more free and fair general election was held in
1202:. Further left-wing Republicans centered around the
719:
it has been the main opposition party to the ruling
6109:"Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi – Parti İçi Eğitim Birimi"
5224:
5101:"Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi – Parti İçi Eğitim Birimi"
2016:
652:The political party has its origins in the various
8884:Association for the Support of Contemporary Living
1324:force. Even before losing power İnönü created the
1127:was prioritized which saw nationalist propaganda,
918:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's People's Party began as a
727:is the chairman of the CHP since 5 November 2023.
9705:Sovereignty unconditionally belongs to the Nation
6546:"İsveç için gözler artık 2024'ün başında TBMM'de"
5891:"Turkish opposition leader quits over 'sex tape'"
5616:"İsmet İnönü foundation page by Şerafettin Turan"
5534:
1699:, due to his background in Islamist politics and
1387:The CHP emerged as the first-placed party at the
942:and for conspiring with remaining members of the
674:political, cultural, social, and economic reforms
613:, which represent the foundational principles of
9729:
7544:Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats
7532:
6365:Socialist International – List of member parties
5643:"Savcı, Ergenekon'u Kenan Evren'e sormalı asıl!"
5580:"Propaganda, Söylem ve Sloganlarla Ortanın Solu"
5577:
5310:
5308:
2056:, its conviction of Turkish-Armenian journalist
1683:, the CHP assisted undemocratic attempts by the
958:which gave the government extraordinary powers.
9600:Alfortville Armenian Genocide Memorial bombings
6156:
1411:was instrumental in giving Turkish workers the
5834:
5561:"İnönü'nün MBK'ye gönderdiği Menderes mektubu"
2104:The party holds a significant position in the
982:. For the next two decades Turkey was under a
883:
641:. It is currently the second largest party in
8935:
8752:
7518:
7080:
6698:
5555:
5553:
5314:
5305:
1870:Kılıçdaroğlu supported the government in the
1789:Main opposition under Kılıçdaroğlu: 2010–2023
1729:directed at the AKP was posted online by the
1516:
1024:programs, nationalization of foreign assets,
645:with 127 MPs, behind the ruling conservative
6070:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
5514:"I. DEVRİM YOLU ve KARŞI-DEVRİM GİRİŞİMLERİ"
1707:. The CHP's campaign focused on the alleged
1352:for workers was added to the party program.
695:, ending the one-party period and beginning
6488:Alfred Stepan; Ahmet T. Kuru, eds. (2012).
6247:
6142:Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
6018:
5666:
5664:
5352:
5236:Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
5162:Alfred Stepan; Ahmet T. Kuru, eds. (2012).
5137:Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
1850:, which lasted from 2013–July 2015. In the
1499:intense polarization and political violence
1050:cult of personality associated with Atatürk
770:
27:Social-democratic political party in Turkey
9066:Association for Defence of National Rights
8942:
8928:
8759:
8745:
7525:
7511:
7087:
7073:
6705:
6691:
6675:
6578:
6543:
6494:Democracy, Islam, and Secularism in Turkey
6215:
6162:
6084:
5550:
5168:Democracy, Islam, and Secularism in Turkey
5046:
2165:. They also support Turkish membership to
1241:, during which extensive conscription and
890:One-party period of the Republic of Turkey
807:Anadolu ve Rumeli Müdâfaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti
32:Republican People's Party (disambiguation)
9700:How happy is the one who says I am a Turk
8591:(VP and High Representative of the Union)
6564:"CHP'li Kani Beko: Grevin kazananı olmaz"
6304:"CHP'den LGBT'ler için İş Kanunu teklifi"
6221:
5773:
5732:
5340:"Tek Parti, Cumhuriyet ve Şefler" 1.Baskı
5331:
4998:
4911:
3954:
2678:
1921:By 2017, dissidents from MHP founded the
872:with Atatürk as its first president, the
9778:Pro-European political parties in Turkey
8766:
5968:"The "Nation Alliance" officially forms"
5928:
5755:
5714:
5695:
5661:
5186:LONSEA – League of Nations Search Engine
2184:
2001:Main opposition under Özel: 2023–present
1900:
1819:
1773:In the lead up to the US-lead coalition
1655:
1453:
1110:
995:
902:
848:, overthrew the Ottoman government, and
785:, created in the immediate aftermath of
9605:2005 Istanbul pogrom exhibition assault
8949:
6544:Yazıcıoğlu, Yıldız (26 December 2023).
6044:
4934:
2161:and supports Turkish membership to the
2146:, it has voted against intervention in
1633:Main opposition under Baykal: 2002–2010
1497:and leftist groups in an atmosphere of
868:) (CHP). With a united parliament, the
18:Republican People's Party (Turkey)
14:
9730:
7400:Revolutionary Socialist Workers' Party
6566:(in Turkish). t24.com.tr. 3 March 2019
6167:. In Dirk Halm; Zeynep Sezgin (eds.).
5924:
5922:
5408:
5359:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 233.
8923:
8740:
8627:(VP for Interinstitutional Relations)
7506:
7223:
7140:Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party
7113:
7068:
6686:
5906:
5902:
5900:
5835:Selvin Korkmaz, Seren (23 May 2024).
5830:
5828:
5826:
5670:
5640:
5484:
5482:
5342:. Timaş Yayınları. pp. 170, 171.
5337:
5256:
4981:
4889:
4586:
2005:The party won a major victory in the
1858:(HDP), which was possible because of
1376:the DP was banned and Prime Minister
666:establishment of the Turkish Republic
580:
563:
9580:1995 Azerbaijani coup d'état attempt
5143:from the original on 1 February 2022
4975:
1842:. The CHP and MHP's joint candidate
1629:(8.7% vote), not winning any seats.
1572:bans of headscarves in public spaces
1289:multi-party general election in 1946
987:one-party authoritarian dictatorship
6254:. Gündoğan Yayınları. p. 320.
5919:
5762:South European Society and Politics
5721:South European Society and Politics
5505:
5501:from the original on 19 March 2017.
5457:, Birikim Yayınları, İstanbul, 1978
4839:List of political parties in Turkey
4109:
2655:
2021:The Republican People's Party is a
1848:negotiations for peace with the PKK
1809:. In his first general election in
1182:were able to make great strides in
1088:, as well as borrowing tenets from
754:and supports Turkish membership to
565:[dʒumhuːɾiˈjethaɫk'paɾtisi]
161:(re-establishment and current form)
24:
9738:Republican People's Party (Turkey)
9251:Nationalist and Conservative Party
7455:Workers' Peasants' Party of Turkey
7440:Socialist Workers' Party of Turkey
6632:
6556:
6019:Gumrukcu, Tuvan; Altayli, Birsen.
5960:
5897:
5823:
5479:
5402:
5077:from the original on 16 March 2019
4305:
2112:and is an associate member of the
1803:elected to be the new party leader
1675:and AKP politicians turned into a
1311:Road to the center-left: 1950–1980
966:. Republican Turkey was the third
730:CHP is an associate member of the
25:
9789:
9680:Confiscation of Armenian property
9550:Expulsion of Greeks from Istanbul
9198:Republican Villagers Nation Party
6662:
5947:
5843:– via Taylor & Francis.
5796:
5756:Çarkoğlu, Ali (20 October 2009).
5715:Çarkoğlu, Ali (20 October 2009).
5511:
5315:Murat Sofuglu (26 January 2018).
2680:Grand National Assembly of Turkey
2667:Grand National Assembly of Turkey
2100:Peace at Home, Peace in the World
2093:
1693:that year's presidential election
1438:leaving the CHP and founding the
832:as a counter government from the
8391:
8377:
8363:
8349:
8335:
8321:
8307:
8293:
8279:
8265:
8251:
8237:
8212:
8180:
8166:
8152:
8138:
8117:
8103:
8089:
8075:
8061:
8036:
8022:
7990:
7976:
7951:
7937:
7923:
7909:
7895:
7881:
7867:
7853:
7839:
7825:
7811:
7797:
7776:
7762:
7741:
7727:
7713:
7699:
7685:
7671:
7657:
7643:
7629:
7615:
7601:
7580:
7566:
7430:Socialist Party of the Oppressed
7099:
7047:
7046:
7034:
6713:
5929:Toksabay, Ece (25 August 2016).
5702:British Broadcasting Corporation
5671:Ciddi, Sinan (13 January 2009).
5524:from the original on 7 May 2017.
5488:
5379:
5113:from the original on 2 July 2015
4822:
4784:
4751:
4099:
4079:
4061:
4041:
4023:
3998:
3940:
3933:
3932:
3917:
3910:
3909:
3885:
3878:
3877:
3862:
3855:
3854:
3830:
3823:
3822:
3807:
3800:
3799:
3775:
3768:
3767:
3752:
3745:
3744:
3720:
3713:
3712:
3697:
3690:
3689:
3665:
3658:
3657:
3642:
3635:
3634:
3611:
3610:
3603:
3602:
3588:
3587:
3580:
3579:
3554:
3553:
3546:
3545:
3531:
3530:
3523:
3522:
3499:
3498:
3491:
3490:
3476:
3475:
3468:
3467:
3432:
3425:
3424:
3409:
3402:
3401:
3378:
3377:
3370:
3369:
3355:
3354:
3347:
3346:
3322:
3315:
3314:
3299:
3292:
3291:
3268:
3267:
3260:
3259:
3245:
3244:
3237:
3236:
3213:
3212:
3205:
3204:
3190:
3189:
3182:
3181:
3157:
3150:
3149:
3134:
3127:
3126:
3102:
3095:
3094:
3079:
3072:
3071:
3048:
3047:
3040:
3039:
3025:
3024:
3017:
3016:
2992:
2985:
2984:
2969:
2942:
2928:
2901:
2887:
2860:
2853:
2852:
2837:
2810:
2803:
2802:
2787:
2760:
2752:
2737:
2619:
2588:
2557:
2500:
2469:
2438:
2413:Party closed down following the
2397:
2366:
2335:
2289:
2017:Ideology and political positions
1545:Social Democratic Populist Party
1360:with opposition parties for the
828:, A–RMHC members proclaimed the
500:
302:
301:
54:
9177:Committee of Union and Progress
9126:Turkish Resistance Organisation
6606:
6537:
6510:
6481:
6463:
6445:
6427:
6401:
6376:
6358:
6328:
6310:
6296:
6282:
6268:
6241:
6228:Parties and Elections in Europe
6185:
6101:
6078:
6038:
6012:
5986:
5941:
5883:
5865:
5847:
5790:
5749:
5708:
5696:Goksedef, Ece (19 April 2023).
5689:
5634:
5608:
5571:
5528:
5460:
5447:
5434:
5373:
5346:
5275:
5250:
5199:
5174:
1941:to challenge the AKP and MHP's
1689:massive protests by secularists
1016:that transformed Turkey into a
819:Committee of Union and Progress
192:Committee of Union and Progress
9716:Şehitler ölmez vatan bölünmez!
9585:Zirve Publishing House murders
9575:Assassination of Kemal Türkler
9540:1957 arson attack at Tahtakale
8894:Atatürkist Thought Association
5155:
5125:
5093:
5057:
5040:
5015:
4928:
4883:
4849:Atatürkist Thought Association
3941:
3918:
3886:
3863:
3831:
3808:
3776:
3753:
3721:
3698:
3666:
3643:
3433:
3410:
3323:
3300:
3158:
3135:
3103:
3080:
2993:
2970:
2943:
2929:
2902:
2888:
2861:
2838:
2811:
2788:
2761:
2753:
2738:
2131:, Chairman Özgür Özel accused
2025:political party that espouses
1896:2017 constitutional referendum
1817:found much support in the CHP.
1807:2010 constitutional referendum
1489:, Ecevit made the decision to
1380:and two of his ministers were
954:, proposed the passage of the
946:to assassinate Atatürk in the
898:
783:Defence of Rights Associations
286:Atatürkist Thought Association
139:(as a resistance organisation)
13:
1:
9773:Nationalist parties in Turkey
9753:Centre-left parties in Europe
7128:Justice and Development Party
6384:"Parties & Organisations"
6346:(in Turkish). 6 November 2023
4904:10.1080/00263206.2018.1462161
4876:
4871:New Republican People's Party
2415:12 September 1980 coup d'état
2180:
1449:military intervention of 1971
1245:was implemented to ensure an
1104:, and were codified into the
824:After the dissolution of the
799:Mustafa Kemal Pasha (Atatürk)
721:Justice and Development Party
647:Justice and Development Party
46:
9565:Political violence in Turkey
8643:(International Partnerships)
7534:Party of European Socialists
7435:Socialist Refoundation Party
7405:Revolutionary Workers' Party
7320:Independent Republican Party
7270:Conservative Ascension Party
7255:Communist Movement of Turkey
7235:Alternative and Change Party
7164:Democracy and Progress Party
6085:Uras, Umut (29 March 2019).
5807:(in Turkish). Archived from
5641:Ustel, Aziz (14 July 2008).
5618:(in Turkish). Archived from
5476:. Retrieved 9 February 2019.
5442:Kadro Hareketi ve Kadrocular
5289:(in Turkish). Archived from
2175:Sweden's accession into NATO
2114:Party of European Socialists
1840:a massive corruption scandal
1305:peaceful transition of power
1211:
1026:forced assimilation policies
1004:statue in the garden of the
950:. Atatürk's prime minister,
936:Progressive Republican Party
732:Party of European Socialists
689:peaceful transition of power
372:Party of European Socialists
7:
9748:Centre-left parties in Asia
9743:Political parties in Turkey
9595:Assassination of Hrant Dink
9500:Turkish War of Independence
9030:Turkish Cypriot nationalism
8053:Associated parties (non-EU)
7542:European Parliament group:
7285:Freedom and Socialism Party
7115:Parties represented in the
7096:Political parties in Turkey
6222:Nordsieck, Wolfram (2018).
5388:. I.B. Tauris. p. 48.
4832:
4588:Party closed following the
3983:
3446:Party closed following the
2637:
1767:, which the CHP condemned.
1281:Motion with Four Signatures
1100:, which were soon known as
1046:appeal to the Turkish youth
1012:From 1924 to 1946, the CHP
884:One-party period: 1923–1950
809:) (A–RMHC), and called for
791:Turkish War of Independence
697:Turkey's multi-party period
658:Turkish War of Independence
440:Metropolitan municipalities
253:Halk-Lis (Halkçı Liseliler)
10:
9794:
9555:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
9208:Nationalist Movement Party
7425:Socialist Liberation Party
7375:Party for Change in Turkey
7146:Nationalist Movement Party
6171:. Routledge. p. 167.
2659:
2137:state sanctioned terrorism
2097:
2090:to be released from jail.
1966:2023 presidential election
1852:June 2015 general election
1836:2014 presidential election
1739:Chief of the General Staff
1589:after the collapse of the
1517:Recovery period: 1980–2002
1469:Ecevit adopted a distinct
1401:first coalition government
1225:. On foreign affairs, the
1123:question settled, Turkish
964:purged from the government
887:
774:
765:
699:. The years following the
153:9 September 1992
142:9 September 1923
131:7 September 1919
29:
9763:Social democratic parties
9690:Denial of Kurds by Turkey
9618:
9455:
9279:
9256:Rights and Equality Party
9185:Republican People's Party
9159:
9053:
9035:Turkish-Islamic synthesis
8957:
8899:Republican People's Party
8795:
8774:
8699:
8658:
8581:
8477:
8411:
8229:Observer parties (non-EU)
8228:
8203:
8052:
8013:
7967:
7557:
7550:
7540:
7487:List of political parties
7477:
7410:Rights and Freedoms Party
7390:People's Liberation Party
7385:Peoples' Democratic Party
7265:Communist Party of Turkey
7230:
7219:
7134:Republican People's Party
7123:
7109:
7028:
6827:
6727:Extraordinary conventions
6726:
6720:Republican People's Party
5775:10.1080/13608740701731457
5734:10.1080/13608740701731457
5675:. Routledge. p. 79.
5386:Turkey Beyond Nationalism
5053:. Routledge. p. 167.
5023:"Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi"
4935:Zürcher, Erik J. (1992).
4726:
4609:
4525:
4409:
4353:
4321:
4318:
4315:
4312:
4223:
4138:
4123:Number of votes received
4005:Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu
3961:
3444:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2411:
2309:
2299:
2284:college town of Eskişehir
2129:its latest war with Hamas
1856:People's Democratic Party
1797:was leaked to the media.
1336:, the establishment of a
1287:(DP). İnönü called for a
1152:denial of their existence
777:Turkish National Movement
599:political party in Turkey
549:Republican People's Party
522:
513:
508:
499:
494:
480:
466:
452:
438:
424:
414:
401:
379:International affiliation
378:
365:
354:
342:
310:
294:
279:
269:
257:
247:
231:
210:
184:
172:16 October 1981
168:
124:
114:
102:
90:
78:
62:
53:
44:Republican People's Party
41:
9710:Armenian genocide denial
9475:1913 Ottoman coup d'état
9236:Independent Turkey Party
8970:Atatürk personality cult
8649:Von der Leyen Commission
7415:Rights and Justice Party
7355:Nation and Justice Party
7345:Liberal Democratic Party
7335:Labourist Movement Party
7325:Independent Turkey Party
7194:Democratic Regions Party
7176:Workers' Party of Turkey
5974:(in Turkish). 5 May 2018
5893:. BBC News. 10 May 2010.
5799:"Köşk'e ilk davet eşsiz"
5261:. Taylor & Francis.
4590:1980 Turkish coup d'état
3448:1980 Turkish coup d'état
2246:), the northwest of the
2205:, retired generals, and
2118:Republican Turkish Party
1986:Kahramanmaraş earthquake
1884:parliamentary immunities
1872:2016 coup d'état attempt
1681:secularist establishment
1673:secularist establishment
1389:general election of 1961
1176:use the Turkish language
991:Liberal Republican Party
771:Establishment: 1919–1923
750:in Turkey. The party is
180:(re-established in 1992)
9768:Socialist International
9675:Citizen, speak Turkish!
9116:Turkish Revenge Brigade
8965:16 Great Turkic Empires
8707:Frank-Walter Steinmeier
8014:Associated parties (EU)
7968:Member parties (non-EU)
7370:National Struggle Party
6251:CHP (Örgüt ve İdeoloji)
6200:Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi
5535:Manuel Álvarez-Rivera.
4844:Left of Center (Turkey)
2106:Socialist International
2060:, its attitude towards
1815:2013 Gezi Park protests
1601:." However, due to the
1481:. After establishing a
1196:state-owned enterprises
1006:Grand National Assembly
910:and his Prime Minister
878:Caliphate was abolished
870:republic was proclaimed
866:Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi
862:Cumhuriyet Halk Fırkası
830:Grand National Assembly
736:Socialist International
734:(PES), a member of the
683:, Atatürk's successor,
643:Grand National Assembly
557:Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi
468:District municipalities
426:Grand National Assembly
387:Socialist International
344:Political position
235:Anadolu Bulvarı No: 12,
47:Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi
9631:Turkish History Thesis
9610:Murder of Deniz Poyraz
9525:Racism-Turanism trials
8603:(Cohesion and Reforms)
8582:European Commissioners
6089:. Istanbul: Al Jazeera
5587:Dokuz Eylül University
5578:Gülsüm Tütüncü Esmer.
4892:Middle Eastern Studies
3955:Presidential elections
2207:government bureaucrats
2194:
1990:parliamentary election
1918:
1913:and Mayor of Istanbul
1831:
1829:2017 March for Justice
1668:
1556:
1466:
1366:threatened its closure
1274:Racism-Turanism Trials
1160:anti-veiling campaigns
1116:
1009:
915:
876:was ratified, and the
850:abolished the monarchy
709:military junta of 1980
629:(Laïcité/Secularism),
556:
220:Social Democracy Party
150:(as a political party)
9658:1934 Resettlement Law
9495:Deportations of Kurds
9417:Gökçe Fırat Çulhaoğlu
9367:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
9246:People's Ascent Party
9146:Youth Union of Turkey
9141:Sultan Murad Division
9111:Peace at Home Council
8812:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
8204:Observer parties (EU)
7315:Homeland Party (2021)
7310:Homeland Party (2002)
7206:Democratic Left Party
6370:7 August 2007 at the
6209:27 April 2011 at the
5841:Third World Quarterly
5338:Koçak, Cemil (2016).
5257:Ciddi, Sinan (2009).
4355:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
3440:Coalition government
3385:Coalition government
3220:Coalition government
2323:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
2282:), and the Anatolian
2227:, was also an Alevi.
2188:
2077:the feminist movement
1929:the CHP, Good Party,
1927:2018 general election
1904:
1880:incursions into Syria
1823:
1721:, Erdoğan called for
1667:, Atatürk's mausoleum
1659:
1647:main opposition party
1639:2002 general election
1591:Welfare-DYP coalition
1559:, DSP) was formed by
1549:Democratic Left Party
1511:military coup in 1980
1483:coalition arrangement
1457:
1417:collective bargaining
1407:. His labor minister
1358:an electoral alliance
1346:judicial independence
1237:to bring Turkey into
1140:coercive institutions
1129:language purification
1114:
1108:on 5 February 1937.
999:
956:Law on Ensuring Peace
940:Sheikh Said rebellion
908:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
906:
748:the feminist movement
603:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
395:Radical International
225:Democratic Left Party
119:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
9758:Secularism in Turkey
9322:Mehmet Emin Yurdakul
8995:Nine Lights Doctrine
8847:Cavit Orhan Tütengil
8768:Secularism in Turkey
8459:Poul Nyrup Rasmussen
7420:Social Freedom Party
7280:Democracy Time Party
6828:Ordinary conventions
6388:Progressive Alliance
6248:Güneş Ayata (1992).
5622:on 16 September 2018
5567:. 24 September 2012.
5353:Malik Mufti (2009).
5293:on 18 September 2021
5283:"History of the CHP"
4126:Percentage of votes
3000:Majority government
2950:Majority government
2909:Majority government
2868:Majority government
2818:Majority government
2768:Majority government
2203:white-collar workers
2110:Progressive Alliance
2062:minorities in Turkey
2007:2024 local elections
1951:2019 local elections
1844:Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu
1731:Turkish Armed Forces
1717:) election. Without
1651:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
1587:coalition government
1557:Demokratik Sol Parti
1475:democratic socialism
1338:constitutional court
1334:bicameral parliament
1297:allied with the West
1272:being purged in the
1164:religious minorities
1150:and encouraging the
1098:Atatürk's principles
740:Progressive Alliance
582:[dʒeːheːpeˑ]
482:Belde Municipalities
383:Progressive Alliance
367:European affiliation
355:National affiliation
9653:Animal name changes
9515:1934 Thrace pogroms
9377:Mahmut Esat Bozkurt
9231:Bright Turkey Party
9213:Nation Party (1992)
9203:Nation Party (1962)
9193:Nation Party (1948)
9010:Sun Language Theory
8951:Turkish nationalism
8889:Atheism Association
8862:Ahmet Taner Kışlalı
8822:Mahmut Esat Bozkurt
8659:Heads of government
8637:and Climate Action)
8635:European Green Deal
8480:European Parliament
7275:Crescent Star Party
6718:Conventions of the
6523:Wall Street Journal
6163:Liza Mügge (2013).
5907:Bozarslan, Mahmut.
5859:Hurriyet Daily News
5811:on 16 February 2015
5596:on 10 December 2021
5472:7 June 2016 at the
4941:Die Welt des Islams
4319:Provincial Council
4129:Number of senators
3561:Extra-parliamentary
2662:Elections in Turkey
2270:), the east of the
2084:Selahattin Demirtaş
1888:Selahattin Demirtaş
1765:Sledgehammer trials
1749:put to a referendum
1419:. As leader of the
1148:multiple rebellions
826:Chamber of Deputies
656:founded during the
597:. It is the oldest
593:political party in
419:Our work is Türkiye
9670:The Twenty Classes
9636:Place name changes
9590:Gezi Park protests
9535:Battle of Tillyria
9470:Hamidian massacres
9332:Ali bey Huseynzade
8872:Necip Hablemitoğlu
8719:Michael D. Higgins
8633:(Executive VP for
7492:Politics of Turkey
6477:. 11 October 2023.
6459:. 26 October 2021.
6324:. 21 October 2021.
6194:Election Manifesto
6192:Seçim Bildirgesi (
5879:. 3 November 2003.
5427:978-1-138-83-647-1
5382:Kieser, Hans-Lukas
5065:"Chp Parti Tüzüğü"
5027:Court of Cassation
4728:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
4086:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
4048:Muharrem İnce
2580:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
2536:30 September 2000
2225:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
2195:
2124:as a full member.
1919:
1911:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
1832:
1825:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
1799:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
1753:2008 closure trial
1703:'s wearing of the
1685:army and judiciary
1669:
1621:. As such, in the
1607:no confidence vote
1467:
1362:1957 snap election
1223:Village Institutes
1184:their emancipation
1117:
1010:
916:
874:Treaty of Lausanne
834:Ottoman government
701:1960 military coup
527:Politics of Turkey
290:SODEV (unofficial)
9725:
9724:
9626:Atatürk's reforms
9505:Elza Niego affair
9490:Assyrian genocide
9485:Armenian genocide
9392:Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu
9342:Zeki Velidi Togan
9317:Noman Çelebicihan
9226:Great Unity Party
9131:Turkists of Gebze
9086:Counter-Guerrilla
9061:9 September Front
8975:Idealism (Turkey)
8917:
8916:
8782:Atatürk's reforms
8734:
8733:
8672:Mette Frederiksen
8407:
8406:
7734:PA.SO.K./ΠΑ.ΣΟ.Κ.
7500:
7499:
7473:
7472:
7295:Great Unity Party
7215:
7214:
7170:New Welfare Party
7062:
7061:
7041:Turkey portal
6594:. 6 February 2016
6178:978-1-136-24650-0
5998:cumhuriyet.com.tr
5395:978-1-84511-141-0
5268:978-0-415-47504-4
5139:. 6 August 2020.
5070:. 16 March 2019.
5000:10.4000/ejts.2583
4830:
4829:
4303:
4302:
4107:
4106:
4008:Cross-party with
3952:
3951:
2635:
2634:
2616:
2585:
2564:30 September 2000
2554:
2528:
2497:
2479:9 September 1995
2466:
2448:18 February 1995
2435:
2394:
2363:
2345:10 November 1938
2332:
2304:
2064:, as well as its
1982:COVID-19 pandemic
1943:People's Alliance
1876:subsequent purges
1547:(SHP), while the
1487:an Islamist party
1463:Nicolae Ceaușescu
1342:election security
1326:ministry of labor
1322:social democratic
1133:pseudo-scientific
1094:(Italian) Fascism
1030:strict secularism
1022:rural development
922:successor of the
894:Atatürk's reforms
691:after losing the
654:resistance groups
591:social democratic
576:, acronymized as
545:
544:
532:Political parties
275:CHP Kadın Kolları
211:Succeeded by
92:Secretary-General
16:(Redirected from
9785:
9560:Beyazıt massacre
9387:Abulfaz Elchibey
9382:Alparslan Türkeş
9222:
9189:
9181:
9180:(Ottoman Empire)
9173:
9172:(Ottoman Empire)
9005:Racism in Turkey
8944:
8937:
8930:
8921:
8920:
8827:Falih Rıfkı Atay
8761:
8754:
8747:
8738:
8737:
8641:Jutta Urpilainen
8631:Frans Timmermans
8502:Willi Birkelbach
8464:Sergey Stanishev
8449:Rudolf Scharping
8434:Vítor Constâncio
8424:Robert Pontillon
8419:Wilhelm Dröscher
8400:
8396:
8395:
8386:
8382:
8381:
8372:
8368:
8367:
8358:
8354:
8353:
8344:
8340:
8339:
8330:
8326:
8325:
8316:
8312:
8311:
8302:
8298:
8297:
8288:
8284:
8283:
8274:
8270:
8269:
8260:
8256:
8255:
8246:
8242:
8241:
8221:
8217:
8216:
8196:
8189:
8185:
8184:
8175:
8171:
8170:
8161:
8157:
8156:
8147:
8143:
8142:
8133:
8126:
8122:
8121:
8112:
8108:
8107:
8098:
8094:
8093:
8084:
8080:
8079:
8070:
8066:
8065:
8045:
8041:
8040:
8031:
8027:
8026:
8006:
7999:
7995:
7994:
7985:
7981:
7980:
7960:
7956:
7955:
7946:
7942:
7941:
7932:
7928:
7927:
7918:
7914:
7913:
7904:
7900:
7899:
7890:
7886:
7885:
7876:
7872:
7871:
7862:
7858:
7857:
7848:
7844:
7843:
7834:
7830:
7829:
7820:
7816:
7815:
7806:
7802:
7801:
7792:
7785:
7781:
7780:
7771:
7767:
7766:
7757:
7750:
7746:
7745:
7736:
7732:
7731:
7722:
7718:
7717:
7708:
7704:
7703:
7694:
7690:
7689:
7680:
7676:
7675:
7666:
7662:
7661:
7652:
7648:
7647:
7638:
7634:
7633:
7624:
7620:
7619:
7610:
7606:
7605:
7596:
7589:
7585:
7584:
7575:
7571:
7570:
7555:
7554:
7527:
7520:
7513:
7504:
7503:
7350:Motherland Party
7305:Green Left Party
7221:
7220:
7182:Free Cause Party
7111:
7110:
7104:
7103:
7089:
7082:
7075:
7066:
7065:
7050:
7049:
7039:
7038:
7037:
6717:
6707:
6700:
6693:
6684:
6683:
6679:
6674:
6673:
6671:Official website
6656:
6655:
6653:
6651:
6636:
6630:
6629:
6627:
6625:
6610:
6604:
6603:
6601:
6599:
6582:
6576:
6575:
6573:
6571:
6560:
6554:
6553:
6550:Voice of America
6541:
6535:
6534:
6532:
6530:
6514:
6508:
6507:
6485:
6479:
6478:
6467:
6461:
6460:
6449:
6443:
6442:
6441:. 24 March 2024.
6431:
6425:
6424:
6422:
6420:
6405:
6399:
6398:
6396:
6394:
6380:
6374:
6362:
6356:
6355:
6353:
6351:
6344:www.yirmidort.tv
6332:
6326:
6325:
6314:
6308:
6307:
6300:
6294:
6293:
6286:
6280:
6279:
6272:
6266:
6265:
6245:
6239:
6238:
6236:
6234:
6219:
6213:
6205:
6189:
6183:
6182:
6160:
6154:
6153:
6151:
6149:
6134:
6128:
6127:
6125:
6123:
6118:on 13 April 2022
6117:
6111:. Archived from
6105:
6099:
6098:
6096:
6094:
6082:
6076:
6075:
6069:
6061:
6059:
6057:
6042:
6036:
6035:
6033:
6031:
6016:
6010:
6009:
6007:
6005:
5990:
5984:
5983:
5981:
5979:
5964:
5958:
5957:
5948:Zaman, Amberin.
5945:
5939:
5938:
5926:
5917:
5916:
5904:
5895:
5894:
5887:
5881:
5880:
5869:
5863:
5862:
5851:
5845:
5844:
5832:
5821:
5820:
5818:
5816:
5794:
5788:
5787:
5777:
5753:
5747:
5746:
5736:
5712:
5706:
5705:
5693:
5687:
5686:
5668:
5659:
5658:
5656:
5654:
5638:
5632:
5631:
5629:
5627:
5612:
5606:
5605:
5603:
5601:
5595:
5589:. Archived from
5584:
5575:
5569:
5568:
5557:
5548:
5547:
5545:
5543:
5532:
5526:
5525:
5509:
5503:
5502:
5486:
5477:
5464:
5458:
5451:
5445:
5438:
5432:
5431:
5406:
5400:
5399:
5377:
5371:
5370:
5350:
5344:
5343:
5335:
5329:
5328:
5326:
5324:
5312:
5303:
5302:
5300:
5298:
5279:
5273:
5272:
5254:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5243:
5228:
5222:
5221:
5219:
5217:
5203:
5197:
5196:
5194:
5192:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5159:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5148:
5129:
5123:
5122:
5120:
5118:
5112:
5105:
5097:
5091:
5086:
5084:
5082:
5076:
5069:
5061:
5055:
5054:
5044:
5038:
5037:
5035:
5033:
5019:
5013:
5012:
5002:
4983:Üngör, Uğur Ümit
4979:
4973:
4972:
4932:
4926:
4925:
4915:
4887:
4826:
4818:
4788:
4780:
4755:
4747:
4714:
4686:
4658:
4630:
4574:
4546:
4513:
4485:
4310:
4309:
4298:
4278:
4258:
4238:
4213:
4193:
4173:
4153:
4114:
4113:
4110:Senate elections
4103:
4083:
4065:
4045:
4027:
4002:
3959:
3958:
3948:Main Opposition
3944:
3943:
3936:
3935:
3928:
3921:
3920:
3913:
3912:
3893:Main Opposition
3889:
3888:
3881:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3865:
3858:
3857:
3838:Main Opposition
3834:
3833:
3826:
3825:
3818:
3811:
3810:
3803:
3802:
3783:Main Opposition
3779:
3778:
3771:
3770:
3763:
3756:
3755:
3748:
3747:
3728:Main Opposition
3724:
3723:
3716:
3715:
3708:
3701:
3700:
3693:
3692:
3673:Main Opposition
3669:
3668:
3661:
3660:
3653:
3646:
3645:
3638:
3637:
3618:Main Opposition
3614:
3613:
3606:
3605:
3598:
3591:
3590:
3583:
3582:
3557:
3556:
3549:
3548:
3541:
3534:
3533:
3526:
3525:
3502:
3501:
3494:
3493:
3486:
3479:
3478:
3471:
3470:
3436:
3435:
3428:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3412:
3405:
3404:
3381:
3380:
3373:
3372:
3365:
3358:
3357:
3350:
3349:
3330:Main Opposition
3326:
3325:
3318:
3317:
3310:
3303:
3302:
3295:
3294:
3275:Main Opposition
3271:
3270:
3263:
3262:
3255:
3248:
3247:
3240:
3239:
3216:
3215:
3208:
3207:
3200:
3193:
3192:
3185:
3184:
3165:Main Opposition
3161:
3160:
3153:
3152:
3145:
3138:
3137:
3130:
3129:
3110:Main Opposition
3106:
3105:
3098:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3082:
3075:
3074:
3055:Main Opposition
3051:
3050:
3043:
3042:
3035:
3028:
3027:
3020:
3019:
2996:
2995:
2988:
2987:
2980:
2973:
2972:
2946:
2945:
2932:
2931:
2905:
2904:
2891:
2890:
2864:
2863:
2856:
2855:
2848:
2841:
2840:
2814:
2813:
2806:
2805:
2798:
2791:
2790:
2764:
2763:
2756:
2755:
2748:
2741:
2740:
2692:Number of seats
2676:
2675:
2656:Election results
2623:
2614:
2598:5 November 2023
2592:
2583:
2561:
2552:
2526:
2507:9 September 1995
2504:
2495:
2476:18 February 1995
2473:
2464:
2445:9 September 1992
2442:
2433:
2407:30 October 1980
2401:
2392:
2373:26 December 1938
2370:
2361:
2342:9 September 1923
2339:
2326:
2302:
2294:
2293:
2272:Black Sea Region
2027:social democracy
1937:established the
1909:, Leader of CHP
1905:Mayor of Ankara
1860:strategic voting
1775:invasion of Iraq
1677:political crisis
1661:Republic Protest
1623:election of 1999
1617:was captured in
1603:Türkbank scandal
1599:post-modern coup
1576:Kurdish language
1526:Motherland Party
1507:Süleyman Demirel
1436:Turhan Feyzioğlu
1266:ultranationalism
1255:labor battalions
1247:armed neutrality
1188:Great Depression
676:in the country.
670:one-party period
584:
575:
574:
573:
567:
562:
518:
504:
489:
475:
461:
447:
433:
407:
327:Social democracy
305:
304:
298:
185:Preceded by
179:
177:
160:
158:
149:
147:
138:
136:
97:Selin Sayek Böke
93:
74:
69:
58:
39:
38:
21:
9793:
9792:
9788:
9787:
9786:
9784:
9783:
9782:
9728:
9727:
9726:
9721:
9648:Language reform
9614:
9530:Istanbul pogrom
9520:Dersim massacre
9457:
9451:
9432:Yusuf Halaçoğlu
9422:Kemal Kerinçsiz
9302:Kâzım Karabekir
9275:
9266:Patriotic Party
9220:
9187:
9179:
9171:
9161:
9155:
9121:Turkish Hearths
9106:Ottoman Hearths
9101:Kuva-yi Milliye
9071:Alperen Hearths
9049:
8953:
8948:
8918:
8913:
8909:Nation Alliance
8800:
8798:
8791:
8770:
8765:
8735:
8730:
8725:Zoran Milanović
8695:
8654:
8607:Paolo Gentiloni
8577:
8576:
8562:Gianni Pittella
8537:Jean-Pierre Cot
8517:Georges Spénale
8479:
8478:Leaders in the
8473:
8403:
8390:
8389:
8376:
8375:
8362:
8361:
8348:
8347:
8334:
8333:
8320:
8319:
8306:
8305:
8292:
8291:
8278:
8277:
8272:ESDP/الديمقراطي
8264:
8263:
8250:
8249:
8236:
8235:
8224:
8211:
8210:
8199:
8192:
8179:
8178:
8165:
8164:
8151:
8150:
8137:
8136:
8129:
8116:
8115:
8102:
8101:
8088:
8087:
8074:
8073:
8060:
8059:
8048:
8035:
8034:
8021:
8020:
8009:
8002:
7989:
7988:
7975:
7974:
7963:
7950:
7949:
7936:
7935:
7922:
7921:
7908:
7907:
7894:
7893:
7880:
7879:
7866:
7865:
7852:
7851:
7838:
7837:
7824:
7823:
7810:
7809:
7796:
7795:
7788:
7775:
7774:
7761:
7760:
7753:
7740:
7739:
7726:
7725:
7712:
7711:
7698:
7697:
7684:
7683:
7670:
7669:
7656:
7655:
7642:
7641:
7628:
7627:
7614:
7613:
7600:
7599:
7592:
7579:
7578:
7565:
7564:
7546:
7536:
7531:
7501:
7496:
7482:Portal:Politics
7469:
7445:True Path Party
7380:Patriotic Party
7260:Communist Party
7226:
7211:
7119:
7105:
7098:
7093:
7063:
7058:
7035:
7033:
7024:
6823:
6722:
6711:
6669:
6668:
6665:
6660:
6659:
6649:
6647:
6638:
6637:
6633:
6623:
6621:
6612:
6611:
6607:
6597:
6595:
6584:
6583:
6579:
6569:
6567:
6562:
6561:
6557:
6542:
6538:
6528:
6526:
6516:
6515:
6511:
6504:
6486:
6482:
6469:
6468:
6464:
6451:
6450:
6446:
6433:
6432:
6428:
6418:
6416:
6415:on 10 June 2020
6407:
6406:
6402:
6392:
6390:
6382:
6381:
6377:
6372:Wayback Machine
6363:
6359:
6349:
6347:
6334:
6333:
6329:
6316:
6315:
6311:
6302:
6301:
6297:
6288:
6287:
6283:
6278:. 15 June 2016.
6274:
6273:
6269:
6262:
6246:
6242:
6232:
6230:
6220:
6216:
6211:Wayback Machine
6203:
6190:
6186:
6179:
6161:
6157:
6147:
6145:
6144:. 6 August 2020
6136:
6135:
6131:
6121:
6119:
6115:
6107:
6106:
6102:
6092:
6090:
6083:
6079:
6063:
6062:
6055:
6053:
6043:
6039:
6029:
6027:
6017:
6013:
6003:
6001:
5992:
5991:
5987:
5977:
5975:
5966:
5965:
5961:
5946:
5942:
5927:
5920:
5905:
5898:
5889:
5888:
5884:
5871:
5870:
5866:
5853:
5852:
5848:
5833:
5824:
5814:
5812:
5795:
5791:
5754:
5750:
5713:
5709:
5694:
5690:
5683:
5669:
5662:
5652:
5650:
5639:
5635:
5625:
5623:
5614:
5613:
5609:
5599:
5597:
5593:
5582:
5576:
5572:
5559:
5558:
5551:
5541:
5539:
5533:
5529:
5510:
5506:
5487:
5480:
5474:Wayback Machine
5465:
5461:
5452:
5448:
5440:Demirci, Fatih
5439:
5435:
5428:
5420:. p. 182.
5407:
5403:
5396:
5380:Bali, Rifat N.
5378:
5374:
5367:
5351:
5347:
5336:
5332:
5322:
5320:
5313:
5306:
5296:
5294:
5281:
5280:
5276:
5269:
5255:
5251:
5241:
5239:
5238:. 6 August 2020
5230:
5229:
5225:
5215:
5213:
5205:
5204:
5200:
5190:
5188:
5180:
5179:
5175:
5160:
5156:
5146:
5144:
5131:
5130:
5126:
5116:
5114:
5110:
5103:
5099:
5098:
5094:
5080:
5078:
5074:
5067:
5063:
5062:
5058:
5045:
5041:
5031:
5029:
5021:
5020:
5016:
4980:
4976:
4953:10.2307/1570835
4933:
4929:
4888:
4884:
4879:
4835:
4819:
4816:
4781:
4778:
4748:
4745:
4715:
4712:
4687:
4684:
4659:
4656:
4631:
4628:
4575:
4572:
4547:
4544:
4514:
4511:
4486:
4483:
4308:
4306:Local elections
4299:
4296:
4279:
4276:
4259:
4256:
4239:
4236:
4214:
4211:
4194:
4191:
4174:
4171:
4154:
4151:
4112:
4084:
4046:
4007:
4003:
3957:
3929:
3926:
3874:
3871:
3819:
3816:
3764:
3761:
3709:
3706:
3654:
3651:
3599:
3596:
3562:
3542:
3539:
3487:
3484:
3421:
3418:
3366:
3363:
3311:
3308:
3256:
3253:
3201:
3198:
3146:
3143:
3091:
3088:
3036:
3033:
2981:
2978:
2849:
2846:
2799:
2796:
2749:
2746:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2664:
2658:
2653:
2651:
2640:
2626:5 November 2023
2613:
2582:
2551:
2525:
2494:
2463:
2432:
2391:
2360:
2325:
2310:Term in Office
2301:
2292:
2217:. According to
2183:
2122:Northern Cyprus
2102:
2096:
2019:
2003:
1978:economic crisis
1939:Nation Alliance
1795:sex tape of him
1791:
1742:Yaşar Büyükanıt
1723:a snap election
1635:
1615:Abdullah Öcalan
1530:True Path Party
1528:(ANAP) and the
1519:
1421:Democratic Left
1413:right to strike
1393:grand coalition
1391:, and formed a
1350:right to strike
1317:winner-take-all
1313:
1214:
1200:five-year plans
1136:racial theories
1125:nation-building
1096:. They defined
972:Interwar Europe
968:one-party state
932:Kâzım Karabekir
901:
896:
888:Main articles:
886:
880:the next year.
779:
773:
768:
607:first president
569:
568:
560:
541:
514:
490:
487:
476:
473:
462:
459:
448:
445:
434:
431:
405:
393:
389:
385:
359:Nation Alliance
338:
332:Pro-Europeanism
296:
289:
236:
223:
218:
206:
175:
173:
164:
156:
154:
145:
143:
134:
132:
91:
72:
70:
67:
49:
48:
45:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9791:
9781:
9780:
9775:
9770:
9765:
9760:
9755:
9750:
9745:
9740:
9723:
9722:
9720:
9719:
9712:
9707:
9702:
9697:
9692:
9687:
9682:
9677:
9672:
9667:
9664:Varlık Vergisi
9660:
9655:
9650:
9645:
9638:
9633:
9628:
9622:
9620:
9616:
9615:
9613:
9612:
9607:
9602:
9597:
9592:
9587:
9582:
9577:
9572:
9570:Maraş massacre
9567:
9562:
9557:
9552:
9547:
9545:Sivas massacre
9542:
9537:
9532:
9527:
9522:
9517:
9512:
9510:Zilan massacre
9507:
9502:
9497:
9492:
9487:
9482:
9480:Greek genocide
9477:
9472:
9467:
9465:Adana massacre
9461:
9459:
9453:
9452:
9450:
9449:
9444:
9439:
9434:
9429:
9424:
9419:
9414:
9409:
9404:
9399:
9394:
9389:
9384:
9379:
9374:
9369:
9364:
9359:
9354:
9349:
9344:
9339:
9334:
9329:
9324:
9319:
9314:
9312:Ömer Seyfettin
9309:
9304:
9299:
9294:
9289:
9283:
9281:
9277:
9276:
9274:
9273:
9268:
9263:
9261:National Party
9258:
9253:
9248:
9243:
9241:Homeland Party
9238:
9233:
9228:
9223:
9218:Workers' Party
9215:
9210:
9205:
9200:
9195:
9190:
9182:
9174:
9165:
9163:
9157:
9156:
9154:
9153:
9148:
9143:
9138:
9133:
9128:
9123:
9118:
9113:
9108:
9103:
9098:
9093:
9088:
9083:
9078:
9073:
9068:
9063:
9057:
9055:
9051:
9050:
9048:
9047:
9042:
9037:
9032:
9027:
9022:
9017:
9012:
9007:
9002:
8997:
8992:
8987:
8982:
8980:Islamokemalism
8977:
8972:
8967:
8961:
8959:
8955:
8954:
8947:
8946:
8939:
8932:
8924:
8915:
8914:
8912:
8911:
8906:
8901:
8896:
8891:
8886:
8881:
8874:
8869:
8864:
8859:
8854:
8849:
8844:
8839:
8834:
8829:
8824:
8819:
8814:
8809:
8803:
8801:
8796:
8793:
8792:
8790:
8789:
8784:
8778:
8776:
8772:
8771:
8764:
8763:
8756:
8749:
8741:
8732:
8731:
8729:
8728:
8722:
8716:
8710:
8703:
8701:
8700:Heads of state
8697:
8696:
8694:
8693:
8687:
8681:
8675:
8669:
8662:
8660:
8656:
8655:
8653:
8652:
8644:
8638:
8628:
8625:Maroš Šefčovič
8622:
8619:Nicolas Schmit
8616:
8615:(Home Affairs)
8613:Ylva Johansson
8610:
8604:
8601:Elisa Ferreira
8598:
8592:
8585:
8583:
8579:
8578:
8575:
8574:
8569:
8564:
8559:
8557:Hannes Swoboda
8554:
8549:
8544:
8539:
8534:
8529:
8524:
8522:Ludwig Spénale
8519:
8514:
8509:
8504:
8499:
8494:
8489:
8483:
8481:
8475:
8474:
8472:
8471:
8466:
8461:
8456:
8451:
8446:
8441:
8436:
8431:
8426:
8421:
8415:
8413:
8409:
8408:
8405:
8404:
8402:
8401:
8387:
8373:
8359:
8345:
8331:
8317:
8303:
8289:
8275:
8261:
8247:
8232:
8230:
8226:
8225:
8223:
8222:
8207:
8205:
8201:
8200:
8198:
8197:
8190:
8176:
8162:
8148:
8134:
8127:
8113:
8099:
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7365:National Party
7362:
7357:
7352:
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7342:
7337:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7317:
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7307:
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7217:
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7210:
7209:
7203:
7197:
7191:
7188:Democrat Party
7185:
7179:
7173:
7167:
7161:
7158:Felicity Party
7155:
7149:
7143:
7137:
7131:
7124:
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6663:External links
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6409:"Parti Tüzüğü"
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5877:Deutsche Welle
5864:
5861:. 27 May 2016.
5846:
5822:
5797:Koylu, Hilal.
5789:
5768:(4): 501–519.
5748:
5727:(4): 501–519.
5707:
5688:
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5585:(in Turkish).
5570:
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5489:Adem, Mahmut.
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5211:tez.yok.gov.tr
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5025:(in Turkish).
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4313:Election date
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4117:Election date
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3993:10 August 2014
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2252:Turkish Thrace
2248:Marmara Region
2182:
2179:
2163:European Union
2135:of committing
2095:
2094:Foreign policy
2092:
2052:winner author
2018:
2015:
2002:
1999:
1970:Ekrem İmamoğlu
1935:Democrat Party
1915:Ekrem İmamoğlu
1790:
1787:
1779:Euroscepticism
1757:Gülen movement
1634:
1631:
1593:following the
1518:
1515:
1440:Reliance Party
1425:Left of Centre
1378:Adnan Menderes
1312:
1309:
1293:anti-communist
1285:Democrat Party
1213:
1210:
1144:military force
1062:The Six Arrows
1054:historiography
900:
897:
885:
882:
815:Ottoman Empire
795:Sivas Congress
772:
769:
767:
764:
756:European Union
662:Sivas Congress
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227:(1985–present)
215:Populist Party
212:
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186:
182:
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26:
9:
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4:
3:
2:
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9460:
9454:
9448:
9447:Bülent Ecevit
9445:
9443:
9440:
9438:
9435:
9433:
9430:
9428:
9427:Meral Akşener
9425:
9423:
9420:
9418:
9415:
9413:
9412:Doğu Perinçek
9410:
9408:
9405:
9403:
9400:
9398:
9395:
9393:
9390:
9388:
9385:
9383:
9380:
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9375:
9373:
9370:
9368:
9365:
9363:
9362:Nejdet Sançar
9360:
9358:
9355:
9353:
9350:
9348:
9345:
9343:
9340:
9338:
9337:Ahmet Ağaoğlu
9335:
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9054:Organizations
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9040:Turkification
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8863:
8860:
8858:
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8845:
8843:
8840:
8838:
8837:Muammer Aksoy
8835:
8833:
8830:
8828:
8825:
8823:
8820:
8818:
8815:
8813:
8810:
8808:
8805:
8804:
8802:
8799:organisations
8794:
8788:
8785:
8783:
8780:
8779:
8777:
8773:
8769:
8762:
8757:
8755:
8750:
8748:
8743:
8742:
8739:
8726:
8723:
8720:
8717:
8714:
8711:
8708:
8705:
8704:
8702:
8698:
8691:
8690:Pedro Sánchez
8688:
8685:
8684:António Costa
8682:
8679:
8676:
8673:
8670:
8667:
8664:
8663:
8661:
8657:
8651:
8650:
8645:
8642:
8639:
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8632:
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8626:
8623:
8620:
8617:
8614:
8611:
8608:
8605:
8602:
8599:
8596:
8593:
8590:
8589:Josep Borrell
8587:
8586:
8584:
8580:
8573:
8572:Iratxe García
8570:
8568:
8565:
8563:
8560:
8558:
8555:
8553:
8552:Martin Schulz
8550:
8548:
8547:Enrique Barón
8545:
8543:
8542:Pauline Green
8540:
8538:
8535:
8533:
8530:
8528:
8527:Ernest Glinne
8525:
8523:
8520:
8518:
8515:
8513:
8510:
8508:
8505:
8503:
8500:
8498:
8495:
8493:
8492:Hendrik Fayat
8490:
8488:
8485:
8484:
8482:
8476:
8470:
8469:Stefan Löfven
8467:
8465:
8462:
8460:
8457:
8455:
8452:
8450:
8447:
8445:
8442:
8440:
8437:
8435:
8432:
8430:
8427:
8425:
8422:
8420:
8417:
8416:
8414:
8410:
8399:
8394:
8388:
8385:
8380:
8374:
8371:
8366:
8360:
8357:
8352:
8346:
8343:
8338:
8332:
8329:
8324:
8318:
8315:
8310:
8304:
8301:
8296:
8290:
8287:
8282:
8276:
8273:
8268:
8262:
8259:
8254:
8248:
8245:
8240:
8234:
8233:
8231:
8227:
8220:
8215:
8209:
8208:
8206:
8202:
8195:
8191:
8188:
8183:
8177:
8174:
8169:
8163:
8160:
8155:
8149:
8146:
8141:
8135:
8132:
8128:
8125:
8120:
8114:
8111:
8106:
8100:
8097:
8092:
8086:
8083:
8078:
8072:
8069:
8064:
8058:
8057:
8055:
8051:
8044:
8039:
8033:
8030:
8025:
8019:
8018:
8016:
8012:
8005:
8001:
7998:
7993:
7987:
7984:
7979:
7973:
7972:
7970:
7966:
7959:
7954:
7948:
7945:
7940:
7934:
7931:
7926:
7920:
7917:
7912:
7906:
7903:
7898:
7892:
7889:
7884:
7878:
7875:
7870:
7864:
7861:
7856:
7850:
7847:
7842:
7836:
7833:
7828:
7822:
7819:
7814:
7808:
7805:
7800:
7794:
7791:
7787:
7784:
7779:
7773:
7770:
7765:
7759:
7756:
7752:
7749:
7744:
7738:
7735:
7730:
7724:
7721:
7716:
7710:
7707:
7702:
7696:
7693:
7688:
7682:
7679:
7674:
7668:
7665:
7660:
7654:
7651:
7646:
7640:
7637:
7632:
7626:
7623:
7618:
7612:
7609:
7604:
7598:
7595:
7591:
7588:
7583:
7577:
7574:
7569:
7563:
7562:
7560:
7558:Member states
7556:
7553:
7549:
7545:
7539:
7535:
7528:
7523:
7521:
7516:
7514:
7509:
7508:
7505:
7493:
7490:
7488:
7485:
7483:
7480:
7479:
7476:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7460:Victory Party
7458:
7456:
7453:
7451:
7450:Women's Party
7448:
7446:
7443:
7441:
7438:
7436:
7433:
7431:
7428:
7426:
7423:
7421:
7418:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7330:Justice Party
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7243:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7232:
7229:
7222:
7218:
7207:
7204:
7201:
7198:
7195:
7192:
7189:
7186:
7183:
7180:
7177:
7174:
7171:
7168:
7165:
7162:
7159:
7156:
7153:
7150:
7147:
7144:
7141:
7138:
7135:
7132:
7129:
7126:
7125:
7122:
7118:
7112:
7108:
7102:
7097:
7090:
7085:
7083:
7078:
7076:
7071:
7070:
7067:
7055:
7054:
7045:
7043:
7042:
7031:
7030:
7027:
7021:
7018:
7016:
7013:
7011:
7008:
7006:
7003:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6991:
6988:
6986:
6983:
6981:
6978:
6976:
6973:
6971:
6968:
6966:
6963:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6923:
6921:
6918:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6908:
6906:
6903:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6891:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6858:
6856:
6853:
6851:
6848:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6836:
6833:
6832:
6830:
6826:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6747:
6745:
6742:
6740:
6737:
6735:
6732:
6731:
6729:
6725:
6721:
6716:
6708:
6703:
6701:
6696:
6694:
6689:
6688:
6685:
6678:
6672:
6667:
6666:
6645:
6641:
6635:
6619:
6615:
6609:
6593:
6592:
6591:The Economist
6587:
6581:
6565:
6559:
6551:
6547:
6540:
6525:
6524:
6519:
6513:
6505:
6503:9780231159333
6499:
6495:
6491:
6484:
6476:
6472:
6466:
6458:
6454:
6448:
6440:
6436:
6430:
6414:
6410:
6404:
6389:
6385:
6379:
6373:
6369:
6366:
6361:
6345:
6341:
6339:
6331:
6323:
6322:Duvar English
6319:
6313:
6305:
6299:
6291:
6285:
6277:
6271:
6263:
6257:
6253:
6252:
6244:
6229:
6225:
6218:
6212:
6208:
6201:
6197:
6195:
6188:
6180:
6174:
6170:
6166:
6159:
6143:
6139:
6133:
6114:
6110:
6104:
6088:
6081:
6073:
6067:
6052:
6048:
6041:
6026:
6022:
6015:
5999:
5995:
5989:
5973:
5969:
5963:
5955:
5951:
5944:
5936:
5932:
5925:
5923:
5914:
5910:
5903:
5901:
5892:
5886:
5878:
5874:
5868:
5860:
5856:
5850:
5842:
5838:
5831:
5829:
5827:
5810:
5806:
5805:
5800:
5793:
5785:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5767:
5763:
5759:
5752:
5744:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5726:
5722:
5718:
5711:
5703:
5699:
5692:
5684:
5682:9781134025596
5678:
5674:
5667:
5665:
5648:
5644:
5637:
5621:
5617:
5611:
5592:
5588:
5581:
5574:
5566:
5562:
5556:
5554:
5538:
5531:
5523:
5519:
5515:
5512:Akşin, Sina.
5508:
5500:
5496:
5492:
5485:
5483:
5475:
5471:
5468:
5463:
5456:
5450:
5443:
5437:
5429:
5423:
5419:
5415:
5411:
5405:
5397:
5391:
5387:
5383:
5376:
5368:
5366:9780230236387
5362:
5358:
5357:
5349:
5341:
5334:
5318:
5311:
5309:
5292:
5288:
5284:
5278:
5270:
5264:
5260:
5253:
5237:
5233:
5227:
5212:
5208:
5202:
5187:
5183:
5177:
5169:
5165:
5158:
5142:
5138:
5134:
5128:
5109:
5102:
5096:
5090:
5073:
5066:
5060:
5052:
5051:
5043:
5028:
5024:
5018:
5010:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4992:
4988:
4984:
4978:
4970:
4966:
4962:
4958:
4954:
4950:
4946:
4942:
4938:
4931:
4923:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4893:
4886:
4882:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4861:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4836:
4825:
4821:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4791:
4787:
4783:
4776:
4773:
4770:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4743:
4740:
4737:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4717:
4710:
4707:
4704:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4689:
4682:
4679:
4676:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4661:
4654:
4651:
4648:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4636:
4633:
4626:
4623:
4620:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4607:
4604:
4603:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4584:
4581:
4580:
4577:
4570:
4567:
4564:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4552:
4549:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4527:Bülent Ecevit
4523:
4520:
4519:
4516:
4509:
4506:
4503:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4491:
4488:
4481:
4478:
4475:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4448:
4445:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4437:
4435:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4420:
4418:
4416:
4414:
4412:
4406:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4398:
4396:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4381:
4379:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4358:
4356:
4350:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4338:
4335:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4324:
4316:Party leader
4311:
4294:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4274:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4262:
4254:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4234:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4225:Bülent Ecevit
4221:
4218:
4217:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4189:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4177:
4169:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4149:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4128:
4125:
4122:
4120:Party leader
4119:
4116:
4115:
4102:
4098:
4095:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4082:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4064:
4060:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4044:
4040:
4038:
4037:
4033:
4031:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3960:
3947:
3939:
3931:
3924:
3916:
3908:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3896:
3892:
3884:
3876:
3869:
3861:
3853:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3837:
3829:
3821:
3814:
3806:
3798:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3782:
3774:
3766:
3759:
3751:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3731:
3727:
3719:
3711:
3704:
3696:
3688:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3672:
3664:
3656:
3649:
3641:
3633:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3609:
3601:
3594:
3586:
3578:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3560:
3552:
3544:
3537:
3529:
3521:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3497:
3489:
3482:
3474:
3466:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3443:
3439:
3431:
3423:
3416:
3408:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3376:
3368:
3361:
3353:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3329:
3321:
3313:
3306:
3298:
3290:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3266:
3258:
3251:
3243:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3211:
3203:
3196:
3188:
3180:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3164:
3156:
3148:
3141:
3133:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3109:
3101:
3093:
3086:
3078:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3046:
3038:
3031:
3023:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3003:
2999:
2991:
2983:
2976:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2927:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2867:
2859:
2851:
2844:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2809:
2801:
2794:
2786:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2767:
2759:
2751:
2744:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2698:
2689:Popular vote
2684:
2681:
2677:
2663:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2618:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2556:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2499:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2437:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2410:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2396:
2390:
2389:Bülent Ecevit
2387:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2379:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2313:
2306:
2296:
2295:
2290:Party leaders
2287:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2232:Aegean Region
2228:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2220:The Economist
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2192:
2187:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2157:The party is
2155:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2067:
2066:Cyprus policy
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2014:
2012:
2008:
1998:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1947:Muharrem İnce
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1903:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1892:"no" campaign
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1868:
1866:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1579:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1562:
1561:Rahşan Ecevit
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1537:Welfare Party
1535:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1491:invade Cyprus
1488:
1484:
1480:
1479:1973 election
1476:
1472:
1464:
1460:
1459:Bülent Ecevit
1456:
1452:
1450:
1445:
1444:1969 election
1441:
1437:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1409:Bülent Ecevit
1406:
1405:1965 election
1402:
1398:
1397:Justice Party
1394:
1390:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1370:military coup
1367:
1363:
1359:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1318:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1219:
1209:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1156:Anti-clerical
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1113:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1066:republicanism
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1034:Arabic script
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1007:
1003:
998:
994:
992:
988:
985:
981:
980:Fascist Italy
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
913:
909:
905:
895:
891:
881:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
854:1923 election
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
822:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
778:
763:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
728:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
705:Bülent Ecevit
702:
698:
694:
693:1950 election
690:
686:
682:
677:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
619:republicanism
616:
612:
608:
604:
601:, founded by
600:
596:
592:
588:
583:
579:
572:
566:
558:
554:
550:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
524:
521:
517:
512:
507:
503:
498:
493:
485:
483:
479:
471:
469:
465:
457:
455:
451:
443:
441:
437:
429:
427:
423:
420:
417:
413:
410:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
381:
377:
373:
370:
368:
364:
360:
357:
353:
350:
347:
345:
341:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
319:
318:
317:
315:
313:
309:
300:
293:
287:
284:
282:
278:
274:
272:
268:
265:
262:
260:
256:
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250:
246:
243:
239:
234:
230:
226:
221:
216:
213:
209:
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200:
197:
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183:
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167:
152:
141:
130:
129:
127:
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120:
117:
113:
110:
107:
105:
101:
98:
95:
89:
86:
83:
81:
77:
65:
61:
57:
52:
40:
37:
33:
19:
9714:
9662:
9640:
9407:Attilâ İlhan
9352:Papa Eftim I
9327:Yusuf Akçura
9292:Talaat Pasha
9184:
9136:TurkHackTeam
9015:Turkish Left
8898:
8857:Turan Dursun
8842:Bahriye Üçok
8787:Constitution
8713:George Vella
8678:Robert Abela
8646:
8595:Helena Dalli
8567:Udo Bullmann
8512:Francis Vals
8507:Käte Strobel
8497:Pierre Lapie
8439:Guy Spitaels
8429:Joop den Uyl
8186:
7395:Pirate Party
7360:Nation Party
7290:Future Party
7250:Centre Party
7200:Labour Party
7133:
7051:
7032:
6719:
6650:18 September
6648:. Retrieved
6646:(in Turkish)
6643:
6634:
6622:. Retrieved
6620:(in Turkish)
6617:
6608:
6596:. Retrieved
6589:
6580:
6568:. Retrieved
6558:
6549:
6539:
6527:. Retrieved
6521:
6512:
6493:
6483:
6475:Gazete Duvar
6474:
6465:
6456:
6447:
6438:
6429:
6417:. Retrieved
6413:the original
6403:
6391:. Retrieved
6378:
6360:
6348:. Retrieved
6343:
6337:
6330:
6321:
6312:
6298:
6284:
6270:
6250:
6243:
6231:. Retrieved
6227:
6217:
6204:(in Turkish)
6199:
6193:
6187:
6168:
6158:
6146:. Retrieved
6141:
6132:
6120:. Retrieved
6113:the original
6103:
6091:. Retrieved
6080:
6054:. Retrieved
6050:
6040:
6028:. Retrieved
6024:
6014:
6004:18 September
6002:. Retrieved
6000:. 5 May 2018
5997:
5988:
5978:18 September
5976:. Retrieved
5971:
5962:
5953:
5943:
5934:
5912:
5885:
5876:
5867:
5858:
5849:
5840:
5813:. Retrieved
5809:the original
5802:
5792:
5765:
5761:
5751:
5724:
5720:
5710:
5701:
5691:
5672:
5651:. Retrieved
5649:(in Turkish)
5646:
5636:
5624:. Retrieved
5620:the original
5610:
5598:. Retrieved
5591:the original
5573:
5564:
5540:. Retrieved
5530:
5517:
5507:
5494:
5462:
5454:
5453:Ergüder, J.
5449:
5441:
5436:
5413:
5410:Macfie, A.L.
5404:
5385:
5375:
5355:
5348:
5339:
5333:
5321:. Retrieved
5297:18 September
5295:. Retrieved
5291:the original
5286:
5277:
5258:
5252:
5240:. Retrieved
5235:
5226:
5214:. Retrieved
5210:
5201:
5189:. Retrieved
5185:
5176:
5167:
5157:
5145:. Retrieved
5136:
5127:
5115:. Retrieved
5095:
5088:
5079:. Retrieved
5059:
5049:
5042:
5030:. Retrieved
5017:
4990:
4977:
4944:
4940:
4930:
4895:
4891:
4885:
4858:
4611:Deniz Baykal
4587:
4342:
4073:
4036:24 June 2018
4034:
3991:
3445:
2629:
2604:
2603:
2573:
2572:
2567:10 May 2010
2549:Deniz Baykal
2542:
2541:
2516:
2515:
2510:23 May 1999
2492:Deniz Baykal
2485:
2484:
2461:Hikmet Çetin
2454:
2453:
2430:Deniz Baykal
2423:
2422:
2412:
2382:
2381:
2351:
2350:
2316:
2315:
2229:
2218:
2196:
2159:pro-European
2156:
2141:
2126:
2103:
2088:Osman Kavala
2081:
2070:
2035:
2020:
2004:
1974:Mansur Yavaş
1963:
1920:
1907:Mansur Yavaş
1869:
1833:
1792:
1772:
1769:
1746:
1708:
1697:Abdullah Gül
1670:
1636:
1583:Mesut Yılmaz
1580:
1568:Deniz Baykal
1565:
1523:centre-right
1520:
1495:trade unions
1468:
1433:
1429:Ortanın solu
1428:
1386:
1354:
1330:youth branch
1314:
1278:
1270:pan-Turkists
1251:wealth taxes
1239:World War II
1215:
1203:
1118:
1106:constitution
1038:Latin script
1011:
976:Soviet Union
974:, after the
948:İzmir Affair
919:
917:
865:
861:
858:Halk Fırkası
857:
852:. After the
823:
806:
780:
752:pro-European
729:
713:Deniz Baykal
681:World War II
678:
651:
649:(AK Party).
577:
548:
546:
418:
390:
288:(unofficial)
271:Women's wing
249:Student wing
232:Headquarters
195:
104:Spokesperson
73:(in English)
68:(in Turkish)
63:Abbreviation
36:
9695:Article 301
9685:Surname Law
9397:Namık Kemal
9372:Peyami Safa
9357:Nihal Atsız
9297:Enver Pasha
9287:Ziya Gökalp
9221:(left-wing)
9188:(1923–1944)
9169:Young Turks
9096:Grey Wolves
9076:Atsız Youth
9045:Ulusalcılık
9000:Pan-Turkism
8878:White Turks
8852:Abdi İpekçi
8817:İsmet İnönü
8807:Young Turks
8666:Olaf Scholz
8444:Willy Claes
7465:Young Party
7300:Green Party
7020:38th (2023)
7015:37th (2020)
7010:36th (2018)
7005:35th (2016)
7000:34th (2012)
6995:33rd (2010)
6990:32nd (2008)
6985:31st (2005)
6980:30th (2003)
6975:29th (2001)
6970:28th (1998)
6965:27th (1995)
6960:26th (1995)
6955:25th (1992)
6950:24th (1979)
6945:23rd (1976)
6940:22nd (1974)
6935:21st (1972)
6930:20th (1970)
6925:19th (1968)
6920:18th (1966)
6915:17th (1964)
6910:16th (1962)
6905:15th (1961)
6900:14th (1959)
6895:13th (1957)
6890:12th (1956)
6885:11th (1954)
6880:10th (1953)
6819:18th (2014)
6814:17th (2012)
6809:16th (2012)
6804:15th (2010)
6799:14th (2008)
6794:13th (2005)
6789:12th (2004)
6784:11th (2000)
6779:10th (1999)
6233:1 September
6030:22 November
5815:15 February
5647:Star Gazete
5518:İnönü Vakfı
5495:İnönü Vakfı
5319:. TRT World
5216:26 November
5191:25 February
5087:Başlık 10:
5032:January 10,
4817:406 / 1,363
4809:17,391,548
4779:240 / 1,355
4771:12,868,053
4746:226 / 1,351
4738:11,008,961
4713:503 / 2,903
4685:467 / 3,193
4657:373 / 3,215
4592:until 1993.
4573:714 / 1,730
4545:551 / 1,640
4512:289 / 1,252
4484:335 / 1,045
4411:İsmet İnönü
4140:İsmet İnönü
4090:25,432,951
4074:14 May 2023
3903:13,655,909
3848:11,348,899
3793:12,111,812
3738:11,518,139
3683:11,155,972
3563:opposition
3506:Opposition
2595:22 May 2010
2553:(1938–2023)
2533:23 May 1999
2523:Altan Öymen
2496:(1938–2023)
2434:(1938–2023)
2404:14 May 1972
2393:(1925–2006)
2376:8 May 1972
2362:(1884–1973)
2358:İsmet İnönü
2303:(Born–Died)
2079:in Turkey.
2073:LGBT rights
2054:Orhan Pamuk
2050:Nobel Prize
2042:Article 301
2023:centre-left
1827:during the
1595:28 February
1541:Erdal İnönü
1315:Due to the
1235:Axis powers
1227:Hatay State
1218:İsmet İnönü
1192:Celal Bayar
1082:nationalism
984:paternalist
960:Martial law
952:İsmet İnönü
924:Young Turks
912:İsmet İnönü
899:Atatürk era
864:, and then
787:World War I
744:LGBT rights
685:İsmet İnönü
635:nationalism
397:(associate)
391:Historical:
374:(associate)
361:(2018–2023)
349:Centre-left
295:Membership
222:(1983–1985)
217:(1983–1985)
109:Deniz Yücel
9732:Categories
9456:Historical
9442:Sinan Oğan
9437:Ümit Özdağ
9271:Good Party
9091:Deep State
9081:Black Gang
8985:İttihadism
8904:Good Party
8867:Uğur Mumcu
8832:Aziz Nesin
8797:People and
8686:(Portugal)
8597:(Equality)
8532:Rudi Arndt
8487:Guy Mollet
8454:Robin Cook
8412:Presidents
7340:Left Party
7152:Good Party
7117:Parliament
6875:9th (1951)
6870:8th (1950)
6865:7th (1947)
6860:6th (1943)
6855:5th (1939)
6850:4th (1935)
6845:3rd (1931)
6840:2nd (1927)
6835:1st (1919)
6774:9th (1999)
6769:8th (1979)
6764:7th (1978)
6759:6th (1972)
6754:5th (1972)
6749:4th (1967)
6744:3rd (1954)
6739:2nd (1946)
6734:1st (1938)
6598:8 February
6457:Al Jazeera
6261:9755200452
6202:, page 4.
6148:1 February
5972:amp.dw.com
5954:Al-Monitor
5913:Al-Monitor
5565:Ensonhaber
5287:chp.org.tr
5242:1 February
5147:1 February
4913:1887/74261
4877:References
4803:17,345,876
4799:Özgür Özel
4765:12,625,346
4732:10,938,262
4705:7,960,562
4677:4,988,427
4649:3,227,096
4629:64 / 2,710
4565:2,682,282
4537:1,716,302
4476:1,062,432
4322:Mayorship
4052:15,340,321
4014:15,587,720
3628:7,317,808
3573:6,113,352
3516:2,716,094
3461:3,011,076
3395:6,136,171
3340:3,570,583
3285:2,487,163
3230:2,675,785
3175:3,724,752
3120:3,753,136
3065:3,161,696
3010:3,176,561
2660:See also:
2611:Özgür Özel
2260:Kırklareli
2181:Electorate
2098:See also:
2058:Hrant Dink
2046:Elif Şafak
1995:Özgür Özel
1984:, and the
1923:Good Party
1727:memorandum
1374:junta rule
1348:, and the
1168:Christians
1121:Ottomanism
1018:republican
1002:Six Arrows
775:See also:
738:, and the
725:Özgür Özel
611:Six Arrows
561:pronounced
516:chp.org.tr
495:Party flag
259:Youth wing
176:1981-10-16
157:1992-09-09
146:1923-09-09
135:1919-09-07
85:Özgür Özel
9402:Gün Sazak
9307:Ali Suavi
9160:Political
9151:Wind Unit
8727:(Croatia)
8721:(Ireland)
8709:(Germany)
8674:(Denmark)
8668:(Germany)
8609:(Economy)
8356:Fatah/فتح
8145:SDSM/СДСМ
8029:PBSD/БСДП
7636:EDEK/ΕΔΕΚ
6618:odatv.com
6529:5 October
6122:1 January
5784:153992923
5743:153992923
5418:Routledge
5009:1773-0546
4961:0043-2539
4922:150032953
4866:Ulusalism
4699:9,233,662
4671:5,848,180
4643:3,487,483
4615:1,297,371
4559:5,161,426
4531:3,708,687
4498:2,542,644
4470:3,458,972
4289:1,378,224
4269:2,037,875
4249:2,281,470
4229:1,412,051
4164:1,125,783
4144:3,734,285
3972:Candidate
3927:169 / 600
3872:146 / 600
3817:134 / 550
3762:132 / 550
3707:135 / 550
3652:112 / 550
3597:178 / 550
3419:213 / 450
3364:185 / 450
3309:143 / 450
3254:134 / 450
3199:173 / 450
3144:178 / 602
2979:397 / 503
2847:401 / 428
2797:287 / 317
2747:335 / 335
2686:Election
2630:Incumbent
2307:Portrait
2268:Çanakkale
1783:Ulusalism
1761:Ergenekon
1665:Anıtkabir
1627:threshold
1471:left wing
1395:with the
1243:rationing
1212:İnönü era
1119:With the
1090:Communism
1070:reformism
811:elections
793:. In the
623:reformism
537:Elections
474:315 / 922
454:Provinces
432:127 / 600
306:1,428,800
264:CHP Youth
9642:Öztürkçe
9619:Policies
9347:Rıza Nur
9025:Turanism
8990:Kemalism
8958:Ideology
7240:AS Party
7053:Category
6624:25 April
6393:19 April
6368:Archived
6350:31 March
6336:"CHP'de
6224:"Turkey"
6207:Archived
6066:cite web
5626:20 April
5522:Archived
5499:Archived
5470:Archived
5412:(2014).
5141:Archived
5108:Archived
5072:Archived
4985:(2008).
4833:See also
4621:869,921
4504:994,938
4449:570,606
4152:36 / 150
3969:Election
3485:49 / 550
3089:31 / 537
3034:69 / 492
2936:Unknown
2895:Unknown
2638:Timeline
2264:Tekirdağ
2031:Kemalism
1955:İstanbul
1931:Felicity
1894:for the
1865:November
1715:indirect
1701:his wife
1574:and the
1534:Islamist
1170:and the
1102:Kemalism
1078:populism
1058:Unionism
1052:and the
928:Unionism
920:de facto
631:populism
615:Kemalism
587:Kemalist
488:61 / 388
322:Kemalism
312:Ideology
196:de facto
9162:parties
8715:(Malta)
8692:(Spain)
8680:(Malta)
8082:SDP BiH
8043:Hlas-SD
7916:SMER-SD
7804:Saskaņa
7608:BSP/БСП
7551:Parties
6570:17 July
6419:17 July
6338:değişim
6093:15 July
6056:1 April
6025:Reuters
5935:Reuters
5804:Radikal
5600:17 July
5542:17 July
5414:Atatürk
5384:(ed.).
5323:17 July
5081:9 April
4969:1570835
4297:12 / 50
4277:28 / 50
4257:25 / 54
4237:25 / 52
4212:13 / 53
4204:899,444
4192:13 / 52
4184:877,066
4172:19 / 51
4093:47.84%
3981:Outcome
3540:0 / 550
2695:Status
2615:(1974–)
2584:(1948–)
2527:(1932–)
2465:(1937–)
2276:Ardahan
2199:secular
2173:'s and
2171:Finland
2127:During
2038:Kurdish
1637:In the
1613:leader
1553:Turkish
1465:, 1978.
1268:, with
1166:of the
1086:statism
1074:laïcité
846:Armenia
813:in the
789:in the
766:History
723:(AKP).
639:statism
627:laicism
585:) is a
553:Turkish
509:Website
460:21 / 51
446:14 / 30
402:Colours
238:Çankaya
174: (
155: (
144: (
133: (
125:Founded
115:Founder
9458:events
9280:People
9020:Taksim
8621:(Jobs)
7650:SOCDEM
6500:
6258:
6175:
5782:
5741:
5679:
5653:7 July
5424:
5392:
5363:
5265:
5007:
4967:
4959:
4920:
4806:37.77
4768:29.36
4735:26.34
4702:23.11
4674:18.38
4646:11.08
4562:41.73
4534:37.09
4501:27.90
4473:36.22
4336:Votes
4330:Votes
4055:30.64%
4017:38.44%
3906:25.33
3851:22.64
3796:25.32
3741:24.95
3686:25.98
3631:20.88
3584:10.68
3576:19.39
3472:10.71
3464:10.71
3398:41.38
3343:33.30
3288:27.37
3233:28.75
3178:36.74
3123:41.09
3068:35.36
3021:39.45
3013:39.45
2712:Seats
2700:Votes
2327:(1881–
2280:Artvin
2256:Edirne
2215:Alevis
2133:Israel
2075:, and
1959:Ankara
1933:, and
1878:, and
1874:, the
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1710:İrtica
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1180:Alevis
1131:, and
1084:, and
1042:speech
844:, and
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838:Greece
679:After
637:, and
605:, the
595:Turkey
415:Slogan
406:
297:(2024)
242:Ankara
169:Banned
80:Leader
8219:LSDSP
8173:SP/PS
7136:(128)
7130:(266)
6644:Sözcü
6116:(PDF)
5780:S2CID
5739:S2CID
5594:(PDF)
5583:(PDF)
5117:8 May
5111:(PDF)
5104:(PDF)
5075:(PDF)
5068:(PDF)
4993:(7).
4965:JSTOR
4918:S2CID
4812:37.77
4774:29.81
4741:26.45
4618:4.61
4452:37.5
4446:1950
4429:1946
4407:1942
4390:1938
4373:1934
4351:1930
4292:29,1%
4272:42,4%
4252:43,4%
4232:33,6%
4207:27,1%
4187:29,6%
4167:40,8%
4147:36,1%
3975:Votes
3914:2.69
3859:2.68
3804:0.37
3749:1.03
3694:5.10
3639:1.50
3527:2.00
3519:8.71
3406:8.09
3351:5.93
3296:1.38
3241:7.99
3186:4.35
3131:4.73
3076:4.09
2718:Rank
2709:Rank
2706:± pp
2244:Muğla
2240:Aydın
2236:İzmir
2152:Syria
2144:Libya
1705:hijab
1619:Kenya
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1382:tried
1262:camps
1205:Kadro
1060:for '
1036:into
8775:Laws
8647:see
8398:FDTL
8328:USPT
8004:SDLP
7944:PSOE
7860:PvdA
7832:LSAP
7818:LSDP
7755:MSZP
7166:(15)
7160:(20)
7154:(30)
7148:(50)
7142:(57)
6652:2021
6626:2018
6600:2016
6572:2019
6531:2023
6498:ISBN
6421:2019
6395:2019
6352:2024
6256:ISBN
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6173:ISBN
6150:2022
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6032:2023
6006:2021
5980:2021
5817:2015
5677:ISBN
5655:2019
5628:2023
5602:2019
5544:2019
5422:ISBN
5390:ISBN
5361:ISBN
5325:2019
5299:2021
5263:ISBN
5244:2022
5218:2023
5193:2023
5149:2022
5119:2022
5083:2023
5034:2022
5005:ISSN
4957:ISSN
4860:Ulus
4854:Şero
4794:2024
4761:2019
4723:2014
4708:24.7
4695:2009
4680:20.7
4667:2004
4652:13.8
4639:1999
4606:1994
4599:1989
4583:1984
4568:45.7
4555:1977
4540:39.6
4522:1973
4507:30.7
4494:1968
4479:35.7
4466:1963
4325:Map
4285:1979
4265:1977
4245:1975
4220:1973
4200:1968
4180:1966
4160:1964
4135:1961
4096:2nd
3984:Map
3945:2nd
3922:2nd
3899:2023
3890:2nd
3867:2nd
3844:2018
3835:2nd
3812:2nd
3789:2015
3780:2nd
3757:2nd
3734:2015
3725:2nd
3702:2nd
3679:2011
3670:2nd
3647:2nd
3624:2007
3615:2nd
3607:178
3592:2nd
3569:2002
3558:6th
3535:6th
3512:1999
3503:5th
3480:5th
3457:1995
3437:1st
3414:1st
3391:1977
3382:1st
3359:1st
3336:1973
3327:2nd
3304:2nd
3281:1969
3272:2nd
3249:2nd
3226:1965
3217:1st
3194:1st
3171:1961
3162:2nd
3154:147
3139:2nd
3116:1957
3107:2nd
3084:2nd
3061:1954
3052:2nd
3029:2nd
3006:1950
2997:1st
2974:1st
2956:1946
2947:1st
2933:1st
2915:1943
2906:1st
2892:1st
2874:1939
2865:1st
2857:114
2842:1st
2824:1935
2815:1st
2792:1st
2774:1931
2765:1st
2742:1st
2724:1927
2715:+/–
2329:1938
2300:Name
2297:No.
2278:and
2211:DİSK
2167:NATO
2148:Iraq
2086:and
2048:and
2029:and
2011:1977
1972:and
1957:and
1834:The
1811:2011
1801:was
1763:and
1503:1977
1415:and
1301:1950
1259:peon
1233:and
1198:and
1172:Jews
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1142:and
1092:and
1000:The
978:and
892:and
760:NATO
758:and
746:and
717:2002
589:and
547:The
71:RPP
66:CHP
8384:SSP
8370:PSD
8342:CTP
8314:PDM
8300:Dem
8258:ARF
8194:HDP
8187:CHP
8131:SDP
8124:DPS
7997:Lab
7958:SAP
7902:PSD
7790:PSI
7769:Lab
7720:SPD
7692:SDP
7678:SDE
7622:SDP
7573:SPÖ
7208:(1)
7202:(2)
7196:(2)
7190:(3)
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6051:CNN
5770:doi
5729:doi
4995:doi
4949:doi
4908:hdl
4900:doi
4624:4.4
4058:2nd
4020:2nd
4010:MHP
3937:23
3882:12
3717:23
3662:66
3495:49
3429:28
3374:42
3264:39
3099:38
3044:69
2989:73
2807:48
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1643:AKP
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1064:':
970:of
944:CUP
578:CHP
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281:NGO
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8286:GD
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8159:DS
8110:VV
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7874:NL
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