50:
32:
287:
247:
the pixels to be indiscernible to the user, for displays viewed from farther away, such as those of notebook or desktop computers, slightly less pixel density is required in order to achieve the same angular resolution. Later products have had additional improvements, such as an increase in the screen size or contrast ratio, or pixel density. Apple has used names such as
365:
intrinsic property of a display but is dependent on the distance from which it is observed; moving the eye closer to the display reduces the angular pixel density of the image (i.e. it’s easier to see detail up close), and moving away increases the angular pixel density, in direct proportion to the distance. Angular pixel density can be calculated by the formula
2052:"to our eyes, there has never been a more detailed, clear, or viewable screen on any mobile device. Not only are the colors and blacks deep and rich, but you simply cannot see pixels on the screen…webpages that would be line after line of pixelated content when zoomed out on a 3GS are completely readable on the iPhone 4, though the text is beyond microscopic."
2102:
notes, however, that, "if you have eyesight, then at one foot away the iPhone 4S's pixels are resolved. The picture will look pixelated. If you have average eyesight , the picture will look just fine... So in my opinion, what Jobs said was fine. Soneira, while technically correct, was being picky."
246:
Apple's Retina displays do not have a fixed minimum pixel density, but vary depending on and at what distance the user would typically be viewing the screen. Where on smaller devices held or worn closer to the user’s eyes, such as watches and phones, the displays must have very high pixel density for
2077:
can now not only be made on the computer screen but also enjoyed on one. Regarding font choices, you not only need not choose a font optimized for rendering on screen, but should not. Fonts optimized for screen rendering look cheap on the retina MacBook Pro—sometimes downright cheesy—in the same way
2036:
Reviews of Apple devices with Retina displays have generally been positive on technical grounds, with comments describing it as a considerable improvement on earlier screens and praising Apple for driving third-party application support for high-resolution displays more effectively than on
Windows.
462:
In practice, thus far Apple has converted a device's display to Retina by doubling the number of pixels in each direction, quadrupling the total resolution. This increase creates a sharper interface at the same physical dimensions. The only exceptions to this have been the iPhone 6 Plus, 6S Plus, 7
2060:
That much resolution is stunning. To see it on a mainstream device like the iPad—rather than a $ 13,000 exotic monitor—is truly amazing, and something I've been waiting more than a decade to see. It will set a bar for future resolution that every other manufacturer of devices and PCs will have to
2201:
has suggested the "superfluousness of so many flagship phone features—the move from 720p to 1080p to 1440p and beyond...things are all nice to have, but you’d be hard-pressed to argue that any of them are essential". Furthermore, developers can better optimize content for iOS due to Apple's few
364:
with a height equal to the viewing distance and a top angle of one degree will have a base on the device's screen that covers 58 pixels. Note that, unlike absolute linear or planar resolution (e.g. 1920×1080 pixels) or linear pixel density (e.g. 401 PPI), angular pixel density is not an
136:. The advantage of this equation is that the CPU "sees" a small portion of the data and calculates the relative positions of each element, and the GPU renders these elements with high quality assets. The goal of Retina displays is to make the text and images being displayed crisper.
356:) which takes into account both the pixel density of a screen and the distance from the screen to the observer. Based on Jobs' stated angular density of 300 DPI at 10–12 inches, the threshold for a Retina display is an angular pixel density of 52–63 PPD.
2110:
hosts an article by John
Brownlee who incorrectly stated that the resolution the human eye can discern at 12 inches is 900 PPI, concluding "Apple's Retina Displays are only about 33% of the way there." On the topic of 20/20 vision, Brownlee misrepresented
2184:
have a QHD display of 2560 × 1440 resolution, close to four times the number of pixels found in the iPhone 6, giving the S6 a 577 PPI that is almost twice that of the iPhone 6's 326 PPI. The Sony Xperia Z5 Premium launched in late 2015 had 806 PPI. The larger
2119:
considers average vision as 20/40. Brownlee also stated that people do not always view displays at a constant distance, and claimed a close-viewed display could no longer be classed as Retina. However, near visual acuity is usually poor due to
2140:
Anna, with a resolution of 640 × 480 at a screen size of 62.5mm. This was an isolated case for the platform however, as all other
Symbian-based devices had larger displays with lower resolutions. Some older Symbian smartphones, including the
347:
said the density of pixels needed for a Retina display is about 300 PPI (120 dot/cm) for a device held 10 to 12 inches (25 to 30 cm) from the eye. One way of expressing this angular pixel density is in units of
2192:
Aside from resolution, all generations of iPhone Retina displays receive high ratings for other aspects such as brightness and color accuracy, compared to those of contemporary smartphones, while some
Android devices such as the
3083:
Only about 35 percent of all adults have 20/20 vision without glasses, contact lenses or corrective surgery"...AND... "while you won't lose your 20/20 vision as you approach middle age, you will most likely lose your near
3051:...Soneira used the 0.6 arcmin resolution of the eye, but that's for perfect eyesight. Most people don't have perfect eyesight... A better number for a typical person is more like 1 arcmin resolution, not 0.6
2097:
is such that there must be at least 477 pixels per inch in a pixelated display for the pixels to become imperceptible to the human eye at a distance of 12 inches (305 mm). Astronomer and science blogger
2322:
2103:
The retinal neuroscientist Bryan Jones offers a similar analysis of more detail and comes to a similar conclusion: "I'd find Apple's claims stand up to what the human eye can perceive."
502:
Apple markets the following devices as having Retina, Retina HD, Liquid Retina, Liquid Retina XDR, Super Retina HD, Super Retina XDR, Ultra Retina XDR or Retina 4K, 5K or 6K displays:
414:
128:. In simpler words, it is one logical pixel that corresponds to four physical pixels. The scale factor is tripled for devices with even higher pixel densities, such as the
2115:
in the population saying "most research suggests that normal vision is actually much better than 20/20" when in truth the majority have worse than 20/20 vision, and the
2956:
457:
437:
2860:
2803:
3152:
3128:
2725:
2149:, featured a 2.1 inch display at 259 ppi, which was one of the sharpest at the time. The first Android smartphones with the same display -
2069:
suggested that the arrival of Retina displays on computers would trigger a need to redesign interfaces and designs for the new displays:
463:
Plus, and 8 Plus, which render their images at triple the number of pixels in each direction, before down-sampling to 1080p resolution.
2474:
2288:
90:
2157:
was announced, which had a display with a better resolution. By 2013 the 300+ ppimark was found on midrange phones such as the
2777:
2599:
2093:
Raymond
Soneira, president of DisplayMate Technologies, has challenged Apple's claim. He says that the physiology of the human
97:. The applications were approved in 2012 and 2014 respectively. The Canadian application cited a 2010 application in Jamaica.
2318:
94:
2960:
3177:
790:
326:
2707:
2547:
2868:
2751:
2811:
2710:, the actual density of the Red and Blue Sub-Pixels is lower than that of the Green Sub-Pixels, being reportedly
304:
2703:
2213:
models have offered 1080p (FHD) screens standard since 2012 and often QHD or QHD+ as optional upgrade displays.
2699:
308:
2124:
in nearly everyone over 40, such that decreasing reading distance can actually reduce perceivable resolution.
2088:
276:
3034:
2573:
3172:
371:
2426:
2348:
2132:
The first smartphone following the iPhone 4 to ship with a display of a comparable pixel density was the
842:
838:
834:
782:
471:
The displays are manufactured worldwide by different suppliers. Currently, the iPad's display comes from
105:
41:. The pixels are not visible at normal viewing distance, creating an impression of sharp print-like text.
2404:
2982:
2038:
1460:
1298:
886:
882:
830:
228:
2292:
2116:
1627:
1602:
1567:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1421:
1417:
1368:
1360:
232:
224:
3192:
192:
3008:
2381:
2222:
2169:
had 1080p (FHD) screens around 5-inches for a 400+ PPI which surpassed the Retina density on the
297:
20:
19:
This article is about the HD screens of Apple products. For the heads-up-display technology, see
1497:
488:
196:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
109:
3129:"Review: New £180 Moto G is a stylish upgrade worthy of the original | Ars Technica UK"
2478:
2056:
Former
Microsoft employee Bill Hill, an expert on font rendering, offered similar comments:
2041:
had been sold in the past, they had seen little take-up due to their cost of around $ 8400.
2883:
1978:
1948:
184:
8:
472:
2934:
2834:
1970:
1907:
1666:
517:
442:
422:
238:
204:
176:
2711:
2206:
2181:
2162:
1923:
1862:
853:
711:
168:
3067:
2909:
2449:
2153:
was launched a few months later in beginning of 2011. In
October of the same year
3182:
2045:
2008:
1651:
558:
484:
361:
188:
3096:
2551:
2189:
features a "Retina HD display", which is a 5.5-inch 1080p screen with 401 PPI.
2778:"The Retina iMac and its 5K display... as a gaming machine? [Updated]"
2695:
2625:
2373:
3187:
3166:
2227:
2186:
2180:, has a 1334 × 750 resolution on a 4.7-inch screen, while rivals such as the
2112:
1989:
1918:
1267:
1235:
1227:
1204:
1200:
1169:
1146:
1126:
1118:
1083:
1075:
1040:
527:
480:
129:
121:
82:
2667:
2166:
2154:
2074:
212:
139:
The Retina display has since expanded to most Apple product lines, such as
2795:
2639:
2308:
Claims priority filing date with respect to prior application in
Jamaica.
2066:
1887:
1847:
1827:
1792:
1760:
1728:
1700:
1696:
1294:
1290:
1286:
742:
691:
671:
651:
631:
611:
568:
172:
140:
2500:
2396:
2121:
2099:
1364:
476:
459:
is the absolute pixel density of the screen in pixels per unit length.
344:
311: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
191:, some of which have never had non-Retina displays. Apple uses various
148:
113:
85:
than traditional displays. Apple has registered the term "Retina" as a
78:
56:
2548:"Why Samsung makes Retina Displays – but not for its own tablets"
2202:
screen sizes in contrast to
Android's wide display format variations.
1003:
Super Retina XDR display (Super Retina HD on iPhone X, XS and XS Max)
496:
2287:
2239:
2210:
2197:
have sacrificed screen quality and battery life for high resolution.
2146:
2142:
1239:
1231:
1208:
1165:
1130:
1122:
1087:
1079:
1071:
1036:
998:
994:
957:
953:
912:
870:
826:
822:
778:
492:
220:
156:
86:
49:
2681:
2525:
286:
2653:
2262:
2177:
2170:
2150:
2133:
1974:
1591:
1563:
1543:
1440:
1032:
920:
916:
908:
878:
874:
866:
818:
774:
340:
164:
160:
133:
101:
38:
2317:
2137:
31:
2726:"How to make the Windows desktop look good on high-DPI displays"
2577:
2158:
2094:
144:
117:
2935:"Analyst challenges Apple's iPhone 4S 'Retina Display' claims"
2232:
2194:
1709:
928:
208:
2323:"Canadian Trade-Mark Data – Application Number 1483982"
2073:
The sort of rich, data-dense information design espoused by
475:, while the MacBook Pro and iPod Touch displays are made by
120:
was replaced by four smaller pixels, and the user interface
1309:
200:
180:
152:
74:
2668:"Apple – MacBook Pro – Technical Specifications"
2365:
360:, the value at 11 in (28 cm), means that a tall
2626:"Apple – iPod Touch – Technical Specifications"
2419:
2266:
1638:
1578:
1314:
70:
2949:
2161:. From 2013 to 2014, many flagship devices such as the
2592:
2640:"Apple – iPhone – Technical Specifications"
2566:
445:
439:
is the distance between the screen and observer, and
425:
374:
89:
with regard to computers and mobile devices with the
2540:
59:. The pixels are visible at normal viewing distance.
2682:"Apple – iMac – Technical Specifications"
2654:"Apple – iPad – Technical Specifications"
2089:
Fovea centralis § Angular size of foveal cones
277:
Fovea centralis § Angular size of foveal cones
124:to fill in the extra pixels. Apple calls this mode
2501:"iPhone X - Technical Specifications — Apple"
2297:Trademark Applications and Registrations Retrieval
2293:"Latest Status Info – Serial Number 85056807"
2281:
483:Inc. There was a shift of display technology from
451:
431:
408:
2826:
2311:
3164:
3147:
3145:
2975:
3065:
3142:
3122:
3120:
3104:The Centre for Vision in the Developing World
3002:
3000:
2901:
2475:"Apple – Learn about the Retina display"
2176:The second major redesign of the iPhone, the
3061:
3059:
2927:
2257:
2255:
183:, and Apple's computer monitors such as the
100:The Retina display debuted in 2010 with the
3097:"The Global Need for Refractive Correction"
2405:"Serif vs. Sans-Serif Fonts for HD Screens"
3126:
3117:
3072:University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics
2997:
2775:
2752:"Using the Retina MacBook as a Windows PC"
2749:
2600:"News related to IPO of Japan Display Inc"
2349:"The Ultimate Guide To iPhone Resolutions"
2078:they do when printed in a glossy magazine.
3056:
3026:
2289:United States Patent and Trademark Office
2252:
327:Learn how and when to remove this message
91:United States Patent and Trademark Office
3006:
2804:"IBM T221 - the world's finest monitor?"
2338:Also cites prior application in Jamaica.
2263:"NPR Live Blog of iPhone 4 Introduction"
513:
510:
3165:
2881:
2037:While high-dpi displays such as IBM's
16:High-resolution display brand by Apple
3032:
2801:
2526:"iMac — Tech Specs — Apple"
2319:Canadian Intellectual Property Office
409:{\displaystyle 2dr\tan(0.5^{\circ })}
95:Canadian Intellectual Property Office
2832:
2750:Cunningham, Andrew (13 April 2015).
309:adding citations to reliable sources
280:
2776:Hutchinson, Lee (28 October 2014).
2402:
116:, iPod touch (3rd generation), and
55:Part of a non-Retina display on an
13:
2907:
2723:
2696:peculiar diamond Sub-Pixels layout
2447:
14:
3204:
3127:Cunningham, Andrew (2015-08-10).
3035:"Resolving the iPhone resolution"
2957:"Resolving the iPhone resolution"
3007:Brownlee, John (June 15, 2012).
2861:"The Future of Reading (quoted)"
2858:
2371:
2044:Reviewing the iPhone 4 in 2010,
285:
48:
30:
3153:"Samsung Galaxy S6 vs iPhone 6"
3089:
2959:. June 21, 2010. Archived from
2875:
2852:
2769:
2743:
2717:
2688:
2674:
2660:
2646:
2632:
2618:
2518:
2493:
2384:from the original on 2021-12-15
542:
296:needs additional citations for
112:where each screen pixel of the
37:Part of a Retina display on an
2882:Atwood, Jeff (19 March 2012).
2467:
2441:
2341:
2127:
537:
403:
390:
1:
3068:"How common is 20/20 vision?"
2374:"Apple iPhone 4 announcement"
2327:Canadian Trade-marks Database
2245:
2082:
195:to differentiate between its
3033:Plait, Phil (10 June 2010).
2884:"Welcome to the Post PC Era"
2427:"Apple iPad 3 press release"
2031:
270:
7:
2216:
2016:32.0 in (810 mm)
1986:27.0 in (690 mm)
1956:23.5 in (600 mm)
1915:21.5 in (550 mm)
1893:16.2 in (410 mm)
1856:14.2 in (360 mm)
1833:15.3 in (390 mm)
1801:13.6 in (350 mm)
1766:16.0 in (410 mm)
1734:15.4 in (390 mm)
1706:13.3 in (340 mm)
1660:12.0 in (300 mm)
1632:13.0 in (330 mm)
1610:11.1 in (280 mm)
1572:12.9 in (330 mm)
1549:11.0 in (280 mm)
1514:10.9 in (280 mm)
1446:12.9 in (330 mm)
1426:10.5 in (270 mm)
1403:10.2 in (260 mm)
106:iPod Touch (4th Generation)
10:
3209:
3178:Computer display standards
2086:
1853:Liquid Retina XDR display
1682:
1597:Liquid Retina XDR display
1468:8.3 in (210 mm)
1373:9.7 in (250 mm)
1330:
1306:7.9 in (200 mm)
1272:6.9 in (180 mm)
1213:6.7 in (170 mm)
1174:6.5 in (165 mm)
1151:6.3 in (160 mm)
1092:6.1 in (155 mm)
1045:5.8 in (150 mm)
1006:5.4 in (140 mm)
970:
965:6.1 in (155 mm)
925:5.5 in (140 mm)
894:4.7 in (120 mm)
847:4.0 in (100 mm)
748:1.96 in (50 mm)
716:1.92 in (49 mm)
697:1.90 in (48 mm)
677:1.76 in (45 mm)
657:1.69 in (43 mm)
637:1.55 in (39 mm)
617:1.53 in (39 mm)
597:
577:1.34 in (34 mm)
573:
274:
18:
3009:"Why Retina Isn't Enough"
1996:
1993:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1922:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1861:
1852:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1797:
1676:
1673:
1665:
1656:
1607:Ultra Retina XDR display
1606:
1582:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1464:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1335:
1313:
1308:
1302:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1212:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1091:
1002:
890:
852:
806:
803:
800:
797:
787:3.5 in (89 mm)
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
552:
547:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
507:
466:
493:in-plane switching (IPS)
267:for various iterations.
261:Super Retina XDR display
235:and later versions, and
229:iPad Mini 6th Generation
203:displays having various
2712:324 Sub-Pixels per inch
2223:Resolution independence
499:4 models in June 2010.
495:LCDs starting with the
489:liquid-crystal displays
257:Super Retina HD display
233:iPad Pro 3rd Generation
225:iPad Air 4th Generation
69:is a branded series of
21:Virtual retinal display
2983:"Apple Retina Display"
2407:. Nielsen Norman Group
2080:
2063:
2054:
1798:Liquid Retina display
1465:Liquid Retina display
962:Liquid Retina display
453:
433:
410:
2814:on September 14, 2009
2071:
2058:
2050:
538:Angular pixel density
454:
434:
411:
339:When introducing the
265:Liquid Retina display
217:Liquid Retina display
110:iPad (3rd generation)
3066:Tim Johnson MD PhD.
2802:Novakovic, Nebojsa.
2353:www.paintcodeapp.com
1953:Retina 4.5K display
443:
423:
372:
305:improve this article
3173:Apple Inc. displays
3131:. Arstechnica.co.uk
2481:on February 7, 2011
207:, contrast levels,
81:that have a higher
2963:on October 5, 2012
2871:on March 12, 2012.
2833:Topolsky, Joshua.
2106:Apple fan website
2013:Retina 6K display
1983:Retina 5K display
1912:Retina 4K display
891:Retina HD display
449:
429:
406:
215:. It is known as
209:color reproduction
2835:"iPhone 4 review"
2574:"iFixit Teardown"
2182:Samsung Galaxy S6
2163:Samsung Galaxy S4
2029:
2028:
1908:iMac Retina 21.5"
1268:iPhone 16 Pro Max
1228:iPhone 14 Pro Max
1201:iPhone 12 Pro Max
712:Apple Watch Ultra
452:{\displaystyle r}
432:{\displaystyle d}
350:pixels per degree
337:
336:
329:
253:Retina 5K display
249:Retina HD display
3200:
3157:
3156:
3149:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3124:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3101:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3080:
3078:
3063:
3054:
3053:
3048:
3046:
3030:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3004:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2990:
2979:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2942:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2867:. Archived from
2856:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2810:. Archived from
2799:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2762:
2747:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2736:
2721:
2715:
2692:
2686:
2685:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2664:
2658:
2657:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2606:. March 19, 2014
2596:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2559:
2544:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2477:. Archived from
2471:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2403:Nielsen, Jakob.
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2345:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2315:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2259:
2024:
2002:
1964:
1942:
1901:
1881:
1841:
1821:
1786:
1754:
1722:
1690:
1645:
1621:
1603:iPad Pro 11" (5)
1585:
1557:
1546:(1, 2, 3 and 4)
1537:
1491:
1454:
1434:
1411:
1338:
1280:
1261:
1221:
1194:
1159:
1140:
1112:
1065:
1026:
988:
947:
902:
860:
812:
768:
736:
705:
685:
665:
645:
625:
605:
544:
505:
504:
458:
456:
455:
450:
438:
436:
435:
430:
415:
413:
412:
407:
402:
401:
332:
325:
321:
318:
312:
289:
281:
108:, and later the
52:
34:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3193:LCD brand names
3163:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3151:
3150:
3143:
3134:
3132:
3125:
3118:
3108:
3106:
3099:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3076:
3074:
3064:
3057:
3044:
3042:
3031:
3027:
3017:
3015:
3005:
2998:
2988:
2986:
2985:. July 26, 2012
2981:
2980:
2976:
2966:
2964:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2940:
2938:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2918:
2916:
2914:Daring Fireball
2910:"Pixel Perfect"
2906:
2902:
2892:
2890:
2880:
2876:
2865:Blog (archived)
2857:
2853:
2843:
2841:
2831:
2827:
2817:
2815:
2800:
2796:
2786:
2784:
2774:
2770:
2760:
2758:
2748:
2744:
2734:
2732:
2722:
2718:
2693:
2689:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2666:
2665:
2661:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2609:
2607:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2583:
2581:
2572:
2571:
2567:
2557:
2555:
2554:. April 4, 2012
2546:
2545:
2541:
2531:
2529:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2509:
2507:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2484:
2482:
2473:
2472:
2468:
2458:
2456:
2454:Daring Fireball
2450:"Pixel Perfect"
2446:
2442:
2432:
2430:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2410:
2408:
2401:
2397:
2387:
2385:
2370:
2366:
2357:
2355:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2331:
2329:
2316:
2312:
2301:
2299:
2286:
2282:
2272:
2270:
2261:
2260:
2253:
2248:
2219:
2130:
2091:
2085:
2046:Joshua Topolsky
2034:
2022:
2009:Pro Display XDR
2000:
1971:iMac Retina 27"
1962:
1949:iMac Retina 24"
1940:
1899:
1879:
1839:
1819:
1784:
1752:
1720:
1688:
1684:
1657:Retina display
1643:
1619:
1583:
1555:
1535:
1489:
1452:
1432:
1409:
1336:
1332:
1303:Retina display
1278:
1259:
1219:
1192:
1157:
1138:
1110:
1063:
1024:
986:
945:
900:
858:
810:
766:
734:
703:
683:
663:
643:
623:
603:
599:
574:Retina display
549:
540:
533:
523:
511:Marketing name
485:twisted nematic
469:
444:
441:
440:
424:
421:
420:
397:
393:
373:
370:
369:
362:skinny triangle
333:
322:
316:
313:
302:
290:
279:
273:
193:marketing terms
189:Pro Display XDR
64:
63:
62:
61:
60:
53:
44:
43:
42:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3206:
3196:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3159:
3158:
3155:. 6 June 2023.
3141:
3116:
3088:
3055:
3025:
2996:
2974:
2948:
2937:. June 9, 2010
2926:
2908:Gruber, John.
2900:
2874:
2851:
2825:
2794:
2768:
2742:
2724:Castle, Alex.
2716:
2687:
2673:
2659:
2645:
2631:
2617:
2591:
2580:. 19 June 2012
2565:
2552:Wired magazine
2539:
2517:
2492:
2466:
2448:Gruber, John.
2440:
2418:
2395:
2364:
2340:
2310:
2280:
2269:. June 7, 2010
2250:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2242:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2225:
2218:
2215:
2129:
2126:
2084:
2081:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2005:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1979:Studio Display
1967:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1884:
1883:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1844:
1843:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1824:
1823:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1789:
1788:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1757:
1756:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1725:
1724:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1707:
1704:
1693:
1692:
1686:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1648:
1647:
1641:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1592:iPad Pro 12.9"
1588:
1587:
1581:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1564:iPad Pro 12.9"
1560:
1559:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1540:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1494:
1493:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:iPad Pro 12.9"
1437:
1436:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1418:iPad Pro 10.5"
1414:
1413:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1341:
1340:
1334:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1283:
1282:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1224:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1197:
1196:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1162:
1161:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1136:
1133:
1115:
1114:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1068:
1067:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1029:
1028:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
995:iPhone 12 Mini
991:
990:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
971:6:13 (9:19.5)
969:
966:
963:
960:
950:
949:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
926:
923:
905:
904:
898:
895:
892:
889:
863:
862:
856:
851:
848:
845:
815:
814:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
788:
785:
771:
770:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
739:
738:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
708:
707:
701:
698:
695:
688:
687:
681:
678:
675:
668:
667:
661:
658:
655:
648:
647:
641:
638:
635:
628:
627:
621:
618:
615:
608:
607:
601:
596:
593:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
565:
564:
561:
555:
554:
551:
546:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
512:
509:
468:
465:
448:
428:
417:
416:
405:
400:
396:
392:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
335:
334:
293:
291:
284:
272:
269:
243:for the iMac.
185:Studio Display
67:Retina display
54:
47:
46:
45:
36:
29:
28:
27:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3205:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3154:
3148:
3146:
3130:
3123:
3121:
3105:
3098:
3092:
3085:
3073:
3069:
3062:
3060:
3052:
3040:
3036:
3029:
3014:
3010:
3003:
3001:
2984:
2978:
2962:
2958:
2952:
2936:
2930:
2915:
2911:
2904:
2889:
2888:Coding Horror
2885:
2878:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2855:
2840:
2836:
2829:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2798:
2783:
2779:
2772:
2757:
2753:
2746:
2731:
2727:
2720:
2713:
2709:
2708:iPhone XS Max
2705:
2701:
2698:found in the
2697:
2691:
2683:
2677:
2669:
2663:
2655:
2649:
2641:
2635:
2627:
2621:
2605:
2601:
2595:
2579:
2575:
2569:
2553:
2549:
2543:
2527:
2521:
2506:
2502:
2496:
2480:
2476:
2470:
2455:
2451:
2444:
2428:
2422:
2406:
2399:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2372:Jobs, Steve.
2368:
2354:
2350:
2344:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2314:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2284:
2268:
2264:
2258:
2256:
2251:
2241:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2228:Pixel density
2226:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2203:
2200:
2196:
2190:
2188:
2187:iPhone 6 Plus
2183:
2179:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2139:
2135:
2125:
2123:
2118:
2114:
2113:visual acuity
2109:
2104:
2101:
2096:
2090:
2079:
2076:
2070:
2068:
2062:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2047:
2042:
2040:
2039:T220 and T221
2021:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
1999:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1939:
1925:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1878:
1864:
1858:
1855:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1818:
1803:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1687:
1685:(51 cm)
1679:
1670:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1580:
1569:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1534:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1333:(38 cm)
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1311:
1305:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1258:
1243:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1218:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1191:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1166:iPhone XS Max
1164:
1163:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1147:iPhone 16 Pro
1145:
1144:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1119:iPhone 14 Pro
1117:
1116:
1109:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1000:
996:
993:
992:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
967:
964:
961:
959:
955:
952:
951:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
930:
927:
924:
922:
918:
914:
910:
909:iPhone 6 Plus
907:
906:
899:
896:
893:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
865:
864:
857:
855:
849:
846:
844:
840:
836:
833:, iPod Touch
832:
828:
824:
820:
817:
816:
809:
794:
792:
789:
786:
784:
780:
776:
773:
772:
765:
762:
759:
756:
753:
750:
747:
744:
741:
740:
733:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
713:
710:
709:
702:
699:
696:
693:
690:
689:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
669:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
649:
642:
639:
636:
633:
630:
629:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
609:
602:
600:(25 cm)
579:
576:
570:
567:
566:
562:
560:
557:
556:
553:Total pixels
548:typ. viewing
539:
529:
528:Pixel density
519:
506:
503:
500:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
481:Japan Display
478:
474:
464:
460:
446:
426:
398:
394:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
368:
367:
366:
363:
359:
355:
351:
346:
342:
331:
328:
320:
310:
306:
300:
299:
294:This section
292:
288:
283:
282:
278:
268:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
244:
242:
240:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
213:refresh rates
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
137:
135:
131:
130:iPhone 6 Plus
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
98:
96:
92:
88:
84:
83:pixel density
80:
76:
72:
68:
58:
51:
40:
33:
22:
3133:. Retrieved
3107:. Retrieved
3103:
3091:
3082:
3075:. Retrieved
3071:
3050:
3043:. Retrieved
3038:
3028:
3016:. Retrieved
3012:
2987:. Retrieved
2977:
2965:. Retrieved
2961:the original
2951:
2939:. Retrieved
2929:
2919:18 September
2917:. Retrieved
2913:
2903:
2891:. Retrieved
2887:
2877:
2869:the original
2864:
2859:Hill, Bill.
2854:
2842:. Retrieved
2838:
2828:
2816:. Retrieved
2812:the original
2808:The Inquirer
2807:
2797:
2785:. Retrieved
2782:Ars Technica
2781:
2771:
2759:. Retrieved
2756:Ars Technica
2755:
2745:
2733:. Retrieved
2729:
2719:
2690:
2676:
2662:
2648:
2634:
2620:
2608:. Retrieved
2603:
2594:
2582:. Retrieved
2568:
2556:. Retrieved
2542:
2530:. Retrieved
2520:
2508:. Retrieved
2504:
2495:
2483:. Retrieved
2479:the original
2469:
2457:. Retrieved
2453:
2443:
2431:. Retrieved
2421:
2409:. Retrieved
2398:
2386:. Retrieved
2377:
2367:
2356:. Retrieved
2352:
2343:
2330:. Retrieved
2326:
2313:
2300:. Retrieved
2296:
2283:
2271:. Retrieved
2204:
2199:Ars Technica
2198:
2191:
2175:
2167:HTC One (M8)
2155:Galaxy Nexus
2131:
2107:
2105:
2092:
2075:Edward Tufte
2072:
2064:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2043:
2035:
1628:iPad Pro 13"
1568:iPad Air 13"
1544:iPad Pro 11"
783:iPod Touch 4
514:Screen size
501:
470:
461:
418:
357:
353:
349:
338:
323:
314:
303:Please help
298:verification
295:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
245:
236:
216:
138:
125:
99:
77:displays by
66:
65:
3041:. slate.com
2694:Due to the
2128:Competitors
2067:John Gruber
2048:commented:
2025:20,358,144
2003:14,745,600
1965:11,289,600
1888:MacBook Pro
1848:MacBook Pro
1828:MacBook Air
1793:MacBook Air
1761:MacBook Pro
1729:MacBook Pro
1701:MacBook Pro
1697:MacBook Air
1566:(3 and 4),
1461:iPad Mini 6
1287:iPad Mini 2
743:Apple Watch
692:Apple Watch
672:Apple Watch
652:Apple Watch
632:Apple Watch
612:Apple Watch
569:Apple Watch
532:Pixel size
358:58 PPD
205:resolutions
177:MacBook Pro
173:MacBook Air
141:Apple Watch
3167:Categories
3135:2016-01-15
2358:2021-08-27
2246:References
2136:, running
2122:presbyopia
2100:Phil Plait
2087:See also:
2083:Detractors
2019:6016×3384
1959:4480×2520
1943:9,437,184
1902:7,720,704
1896:3456×2234
1882:5,939,136
1859:3024×1964
1842:5,368,320
1836:2880×1864
1822:4,259,840
1804:2560×1664
1787:5,898,240
1769:3072×1920
1755:5,184,000
1737:2880×1800
1723:4,096,000
1691:3,317,760
1683:20 in
1663:2304×1440
1646:5,680,128
1635:2752×2064
1622:4,036,560
1613:2420×1668
1594:(5 and 6)
1586:5,595,136
1575:2732×2048
1558:3,983,184
1552:2388×1668
1538:3,870,400
1517:2360×1640
1502:iPad Air 4
1492:3,371,808
1471:2266×1488
1455:5,595,136
1449:2732×2048
1443:(1 and 2)
1435:3,709,632
1429:2224×1668
1412:3,499,200
1406:2160×1620
1339:3,145,728
1331:15 in
1281:3,785,760
1275:2868×1320
1262:3,606,840
1244:2796×1290
1236:15 Pro Max
1222:3,566,952
1216:2778×1284
1205:13 Pro Max
1195:3,338,496
1177:2688×1242
1170:11 Pro Max
1160:3,162,132
1154:2622×1206
1141:3,013,524
1135:2556×1179
1113:2,962,440
1095:2532×1170
1066:2,740,500
1048:2436×1125
1027:2,527,200
1009:2340×1080
989:1,483,776
948:2,073,600
903:1,000,500
598:10 in
545:distance)
541:(px/°; at
518:Resolution
491:(LCDs) to
477:LG Display
345:Steve Jobs
275:See also:
149:iPod Touch
126:HiDPI mode
114:iPhone 3GS
79:Apple Inc.
57:iPhone 3GS
3109:9 October
3077:9 October
3045:9 October
3013:CultOfMac
2818:30 August
2704:iPhone XS
2610:March 20,
2380:. Apple.
2240:Pixelplus
2211:Ultrabook
2143:Nokia N80
2108:CultOfMac
2032:Reception
1990:5120×2880
1919:4096×2304
1710:2560×1600
1310:2048×1536
1072:iPhone 12
968:1792×828
954:iPhone XR
929:1920×1080
897:1334×750
850:1136×640
550:distance
399:∘
388:
271:Rationale
221:iPhone XR
157:iPad Mini
122:scaled up
87:trademark
3018:June 15,
2989:July 26,
2967:June 21,
2941:June 10,
2839:Engadget
2730:PC World
2700:iPhone X
2532:22 March
2510:22 March
2485:June 21,
2382:Archived
2332:June 19,
2302:June 19,
2217:See also
2178:iPhone 6
2171:iPhone 5
2151:Meizu M9
2134:Nokia E6
1975:iMac Pro
1699:13" and
1369:Pro 9.7"
1250:181/128
1247:460/325
1183:180/127
1180:458/324
1101:181/128
1098:460/325
1054:180/127
1051:458/324
1033:iPhone X
1015:187/133
1012:476/337
867:iPhone 6
861:727,040
819:iPhone 5
813:614,400
775:iPhone 4
769:206,336
751:416×496
737:205,820
719:410×502
706:191,664
700:396×484
686:164,864
680:368×448
666:151,360
660:352×430
646:127,656
640:324×394
626:121,680
620:312×390
580:272×340
341:iPhone 4
317:May 2023
219:for the
165:iPad Pro
161:iPad Air
134:iPhone X
104:and the
102:iPhone 4
39:iPhone 4
2604:Reuters
2584:July 9,
2558:June 4,
2528:. Apple
2459:28 July
2433:28 July
2429:. Apple
2411:28 July
2388:28 July
2378:YouTube
2273:June 4,
2209:-based
2207:Windows
2138:Symbian
2065:Writer
1652:MacBook
1498:iPad 10
1240:16 Plus
1232:15 Plus
1209:14 Plus
999:13 Mini
913:6S Plus
791:960×640
606:92,480
473:Samsung
241:display
237:Retina
169:MacBook
3183:IPhone
3084:vision
2893:9 July
2844:9 July
2787:9 July
2761:9 July
2735:9 July
2578:iFixit
2159:Moto G
2095:retina
2061:jump.
1391:iPad 7
1345:iPad 3
1127:15 Pro
1084:13 Pro
1076:12 Pro
1041:11 Pro
1039:, and
921:8 Plus
917:7 Plus
563:px/cm
524:Ratio
522:Aspect
508:Model
497:iPhone
467:Models
419:where
263:, and
145:iPhone
118:iPad 2
3100:(PDF)
3039:Slate
2505:Apple
2233:HiDPI
2205:Many
2195:LG G3
1997:76.1
1937:76.4
1876:88.7
1816:78.2
1781:78.9
1749:77.1
1717:79.2
1680:78.9
1667:16:10
1616:7:10
1532:69.1
1520:7:10
1486:85.3
1483:77.9
1422:Air 3
1385:69.1
1361:Air 1
1328:85.3
1325:77.9
1256:80.3
1253:55.2
1189:79.9
1186:55.4
1107:80.3
1104:55.2
1060:79.9
1057:55.4
1021:83.1
1018:53.4
983:56.9
980:77.9
942:70.0
939:63.4
807:56.9
804:77.9
763:57.7
760:76.9
745:46mm
731:59.0
728:75.2
694:45mm
674:44mm
654:41mm
634:40mm
614:42mm
595:56.9
592:77.9
571:38mm
534:(μm)
487:(TN)
211:, or
3188:IPad
3111:2021
3079:2021
3047:2021
3020:2012
2991:2012
2969:2010
2943:2010
2921:2015
2895:2015
2846:2015
2820:2015
2789:2015
2763:2015
2737:2015
2706:and
2612:2014
2586:2012
2560:2013
2534:2016
2512:2016
2487:2010
2461:2015
2435:2015
2413:2015
2390:2015
2334:2012
2304:2012
2275:2014
2165:and
2145:and
1994:218
1977:and
1934:116
1928:219
1924:16:9
1890:16"
1873:100
1870:100
1867:254
1863:14:9
1850:14"
1830:15"
1813:113
1807:224
1795:13"
1778:112
1772:226
1763:16"
1746:115
1740:221
1731:15"
1714:227
1703:13"
1677:112
1671:226
1654:12"
1526:104
1523:264
1508:and
1480:128
1477:326
1474:2:3
1420:and
1397:and
1379:104
1376:264
1363:and
1355:and
1322:128
1319:326
1297:and
1238:and
1207:and
1168:and
1129:and
1086:and
997:and
977:128
974:326
956:and
936:158
933:401
919:and
887:SE 3
885:and
883:SE 2
854:9:16
841:and
831:SE 1
829:and
801:128
798:326
795:2:3
781:and
757:130
754:330
725:133
722:338
604:00,0
589:128
586:326
583:4:5
543:typ.
479:and
239:4.5K
201:OLED
199:and
187:and
181:iMac
153:iPad
132:and
93:and
75:OLED
73:and
71:LCDs
2267:NPR
2147:N90
2117:WHO
1931:86
1810:88
1775:89
1743:87
1674:89
1639:3:4
1579:3:4
1529:96
1382:96
1315:3:4
859:00,
811:00,
767:00,
735:00,
704:00,
684:00,
664:00,
644:00,
624:00,
559:ppi
395:0.5
385:tan
354:PPD
307:by
197:LCD
3169::
3144:^
3119:^
3102:.
3081:.
3070:.
3058:^
3049:.
3037:.
3011:.
2999:^
2912:.
2886:.
2863:.
2837:.
2806:.
2780:.
2754:.
2728:.
2702:,
2602:.
2576:.
2550:.
2503:.
2452:.
2376:.
2351:.
2325:.
2321:.
2295:.
2291:.
2265:.
2254:^
2173:.
1973:,
1504:,
1500:,
1393:,
1367:,
1359:,
1351:,
1347:,
1293:,
1289:,
1234:,
1230:,
1203:,
1131:16
1125:,
1123:15
1121:,
1088:14
1082:,
1080:13
1078:,
1074:,
1037:XS
1035:,
958:11
915:,
911:,
881:,
877:,
873:,
871:6S
869:,
837:,
827:5S
825:,
823:5C
821:,
779:4S
777:,
343:,
259:,
255:,
251:,
231:,
227:,
223:,
179:,
175:,
171:,
167:,
163:,
159:,
155:,
151:,
147:,
143:,
3138:.
3113:.
3022:.
2993:.
2971:.
2945:.
2923:.
2897:.
2848:.
2822:.
2791:.
2765:.
2739:.
2714:.
2684:.
2670:.
2656:.
2642:.
2628:.
2614:.
2588:.
2562:.
2536:.
2514:.
2489:.
2463:.
2437:.
2415:.
2392:.
2361:.
2336:.
2306:.
2277:.
2023:0
2001:0
1963:0
1941:0
1900:0
1880:0
1840:0
1820:0
1785:0
1753:0
1721:0
1689:0
1644:0
1620:0
1584:0
1556:0
1536:0
1510:6
1506:5
1490:0
1453:0
1433:0
1410:0
1399:9
1395:8
1365:2
1357:6
1353:5
1349:4
1337:0
1299:5
1295:4
1291:3
1279:0
1260:0
1220:0
1193:0
1158:0
1139:0
1111:0
1064:0
1025:0
987:0
946:0
901:0
879:8
875:7
843:7
839:6
835:5
447:r
427:d
404:)
391:(
382:r
379:d
376:2
352:(
330:)
324:(
319:)
315:(
301:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
