369:
281:
270:
258:
246:
235:
224:
205:
194:
183:
172:
102:
136:
125:
929:
382:
328:
316:
304:
293:
114:
350:
339:
153:
1097:
869:), and in 1916, Russian authorities began to recruit from Austro-Hungarian POW to grow the Czechoslovak Legion, adding two regiments. The Czechoslovak National Committee in Paris promoted these efforts with official French endorsement. As war continued, loyalty to Austria-Hungary by its various minority nationalities weakened. By the end of 1917, the Legion in Russia had more than 60,000 soldiers.
45:
916:
Legion to manifest just enough support for the Allies to prevent them from intervening on the pretext that the
Bolsheviks were too pro-German. At the same time, the Bolsheviks, in desperate need of professional troops, tried to convince the Legion to incorporate itself to the Red Army. The slow evacuation by
951:
This incident was eventually settled peacefully but it was used by the
Bolshevik regime to order the disarmament of the Legion as the episode had threatened Yekaterinburg, 140 miles away, and sparked wider hostilities throughout Siberia, in which the Bolsheviks steadily lost control over the railway
947:
An armed conflict ensued at close range, fueled by the rival nationalisms. The Legion defeated the
Hungarian loyalists. In response, local Bolsheviks intervened, and arrested some Legion troops. The Legion then attacked the Bolsheviks, storming the railway station, freeing their men, and effectively
1124:
was proclaimed newly independent. In
November, Austria-Hungary collapsed and World War I ended, intensifying the desire of Legion members to exit Russia, particularly as the new Czechoslovakia faced opposition by, and armed conflict with, its neighbors. In early 1919, Legion troops began to retreat
915:
The Legion and the
Bolsheviks distrusted each other. Leaders of the Legion suspected the Bolsheviks of seeking favor with the Central Powers, while the Bolsheviks viewed the Legion as a threat, a potential tool for anti-Bolshevik intervention by the Allies, while simultaneously seeking to use the
911:
After the Legion succeeded in leaving
Ukraine eastbound, executing a fighting withdrawal, representatives of the Czechoslovak National Council continued to negotiate with Bolshevik authorities in Moscow and Penza to facilitate evacuation. On 25 March, the two sides signed the Penza Agreement, in
944:, an eastbound train bearing Legion forces, Czechs and Slovaks who favored the Allies and who sought independence from Austria-Hungary, encountered a westbound train bearing Hungarians, who were loyal to Austria-Hungary and the Central Powers and who regarded Legion troops as traitors.
940:. In May, as Legion troops slowly traveled eastward by rail under insecure, tense conditions, former POW who remained loyal to the Central Powers, including even a few Czechs and Slovaks, traveled westward with priority under explicit Bolshevik protection. On 14 May at
895:
In
February, Bolshevik authorities in Ukraine granted the Legion permission to withdraw from Russia, by means of a lengthy rail journey to Vladivostok after lengthy negotiations. On 18 February, before the Czechoslovaks had left Ukraine, the Central Powers launched
1104:
On 3 August, Japanese, British, French, and
American troops landed at Vladivostok. The Japanese sent about 70,000 into the country east of Lake Baikal. By the autumn of 1918, the legion no longer played an active part in the Russian civil war. After the
1086:
begin, presented a curious checkerboard appearance in August. The forces engaged were very small in proportion to the area; there were apparently about 65,000 Red troops as against approximately 50,000 Czechoslovaks and anti-Bolshevik
1890:
1163:- A force of 10,000 Greek mercenaries who found themselves trapped deep in hostile territory and had to fight their way back to their homeland after fighting for a losing side in a civil war of the
431:
709:
983:
and sought only to secure safe exit from Russia, Bolshevik defeat in
Siberia enabled anti-Bolshevik or White Russian officers' organizations to seize the advantage, overthrowing Bolsheviks in
1910:
920:
was exacerbated by transportation shortages: as agreed in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, the
Bolsheviks prioritized the westbound repatriation of German, Austrian, and Hungarian POWs.
900:
on the Eastern Front to force the Bolsheviks to accept its terms for peace. In early March, the Legion defeated a numerically superior German force attempting to destroy it in the
557:
880:
in 1917, which brought the Bolsheviks to power and signaled an imminent end to Russian belligerency, the situation of the Legion became complex. In January 1918, United States
599:
424:
702:
619:
594:
577:
865:
Initially, a force of four companies was raised. Russian victories over Austria-Hungary, particularly early in the war, soon yielded a pool of prisoners of war (
624:
582:
417:
695:
547:
1129:
claimed the Trans-Siberian Railway between Novonikolaevsk and Irkutsk as a Czechoslovak zone of operation, interfering with White Russian efforts in Siberia.
572:
525:
1640:
1401:
1015:...Our detachment – a vanguard of Allied Forces, our only goal – to rebuild anti-Germany front in Russia in collaboration with Russians and our allies...
814:. One major secondary consequence of victories by the Legion over the Bolsheviks was to catalyze anti-Bolshevik activity in Siberia, particularly of the
589:
552:
530:
1728:
1693:
1672:
1656:
1900:
1369:
1712:
1550:
996:
815:
614:
562:
862:. As enemy aliens in a hostile empire, they risked losing property and being interned, regardless of their opinion of their empire of origin.
794:
authorities, beginning in May 1918 and persisting through evacuation of the Legion from Siberia to Europe in 1920. The revolt, occurring in
1905:
1600:, United Kingdom: Modern Humanities Research Association/University College London, School of Slavonic and East European Studies: 275–292.
135:
1431:"Relations between the Czech Legion's Representatives and the Opposing Political Forces in the Volga Region: from Negotiations to War"
1385:
1117:'s military dictatorship, Czechoslovaks were withdrawn from the front, and assigned the task of guarding the Trans-Siberian Railway.
140:
1140:, who executed Kolchak in February. Because of this, and also because of an attempted rebellion against the Whites, organized by
1000:
441:
32:
1871:
1584:
129:
1110:
744:
520:
475:
1895:
1830:
1797:
1283:
1132:
Early in 1920 in Irkutsk, in return for safe transit eastward for Czechoslovak trains, Syrový agreed to hand over
818:, and to provide a major boost for the anti-Bolshevik or White forces, likely protracting the Russian Civil War.
661:
991:. In June, the Legion, having informally sided against the Bolsheviks for protection and convenience, captured
912:
which the Legion was to surrender all but personal guard weapons in exchange for rail passage to Vladivostok.
542:
1774:
651:
495:
1430:
510:
209:
851:
764:
490:
1267:
1137:
859:
274:
1063:
854:, included the homelands of the Czechs and Slovaks, but petitioners regarded it as suppressing the
739:
609:
465:
1120:
In the autumn, the Red Army counterattacked, defeating the Whites in western Siberia. In October,
1822:
1323:
1299:
Fixler, Nicholas William (23 October 2019). Dillenburg, Elizabeth; Giustino, Cathleen M. (eds.).
1056:
952:
and the region: the Legion quickly occupied more cities on the Trans-Siberian Railway, including
811:
646:
1300:
917:
807:
666:
1785:
The Bolsheviks and the Czechoslovak Legion: The Origin of Their Armed Conflict, March–May 1918
1722:
1650:
1565:
1416:
1379:
1263:
957:
897:
889:
749:
567:
470:
1395:
1738:
1706:
1687:
1666:
1503:
1204:
1008:
979:
Though the Legion did not specifically seek to intervene on the anti-Bolshevik side in the
858:
and aspirations of the Czech and Slovak peoples and preferred to fight Austria-Hungary for
320:
308:
285:
262:
49:
An armored train with Czechoslovak Legion soldiers on the Trans-Siberian Railway, July 1918
8:
1354:
873:
783:
676:
455:
118:
1151:
Between December 1919 and September 1920, the Legion evacuated by sea from Vladivostok.
810:, was a reaction to a threat initiated by the Bolsheviks partly as a consequence of the
409:
1609:
1523:
1490:
1224:
1191:
901:
877:
759:
729:
656:
641:
505:
485:
948:
taking over the city of Chelyabinsk while cutting the Bolshevik rail link to Siberia.
187:
1867:
1826:
1793:
1625:
1617:
1601:
1539:
1531:
1515:
1459:
1358:
1327:
1279:
1240:
1232:
1216:
1164:
1133:
1114:
980:
905:
787:
734:
354:
228:
1345:
Bradley, J.F.N. (1 September 1996). "The Czechoslovak Legion in Russia, 1914-1920".
687:
1859:
1507:
1449:
1271:
1208:
881:
843:
671:
631:
604:
515:
213:
1845:
1812:
1783:
1499:
1200:
1083:
1020:
885:
847:
754:
480:
343:
239:
1863:
1454:
1121:
992:
839:
636:
250:
198:
157:
71:
1629:
1275:
1884:
1818:
1605:
1543:
1519:
1463:
1362:
1331:
1244:
1220:
937:
799:
500:
1126:
1040:
332:
1836:
1803:
1160:
1141:
1071:
1048:
969:
795:
297:
176:
106:
1260:
Soviet-American Relations, 1917-1920. Volume II: The Decision to Intervene
846:
to create a force, in the service of the Russian Empire, to fight against
1315:
1145:
961:
941:
855:
827:
1301:"An inconceivable odyssey: The Czechoslovak Legion in Russia, 1914-1918"
936:
In late April of 1918, the Bolsheviks moved the Russian royal family to
1613:
1579:
928:
537:
1844:
Pearce, Brian (1987). "The Czechoslovak Revolt and its Consequences".
1527:
1485:
1228:
1186:
1148:
on 17 November 1919, the Whites accused the Czechoslovaks of treason.
888:, explicitly articulating in the tenth point American support for the
876:
in 1917, the Russian Republic replaced the Russian Empire. After the
1789:
1445:
1319:
995:, enabling the first anti-Bolshevik local government in Siberia, the
984:
953:
791:
1125:
to the Trans-Siberian Railway. On 27 January 1919, Legion commander
1814:
The "Russian" Civil Wars, 1916-1926: Ten Years That Shook the World
1511:
1502:/Contact Center for Russian, East European & Eurasian Studies (
1212:
1203:/Contact Center for Russian, East European & Eurasian Studies (
1079:
1028:
965:
1891:
Battles of the Russian Civil War involving the Czechoslovak Legion
1621:
1258:
Kennan, George F. (1989) . "Chapter VI. The Czechoslovak Legion".
1855:
1597:
1070:
The opposing fronts which grew up during the summer of 1918 from
1052:
1032:
835:
803:
124:
1580:"The Allies and the Czech Revolt against the Bolsheviks in 1918"
1535:
1236:
908:
for the soldiers of the Legion, as traitors to Austria-Hungary.
1851:
1593:
1096:
1044:
1024:
831:
61:
14 May 1918 – October 1918; September 1920 (Legion withdrawal)
1633:
1075:
1036:
973:
904:, fought northeast of Kiev. Defeat likely would have implied
44:
1448:, Russian Federation: Volgograd State University: 127–139.
1004:
988:
1911:
Aftermath of World War I in Russia and in the Soviet Union
892:
of Austria-Hungary with self-determination by ethnicity.
866:
439:
36:
1698:
1696:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1858:, United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 41–49.
1557:
1555:
1553:
1408:
1406:
1404:
717:
999:, formed on 8 June. On 13 June, Whites formed the
1322:, United States: The Center for Austrian Studies/
1882:
816:Committee of Members of the Constituent Assembly
1739:7. The Czechoslovak Revolt and its Consequences
1707:7. The Czechoslovak Revolt and its Consequences
1688:7. The Czechoslovak Revolt and its Consequences
1667:7. The Czechoslovak Revolt and its Consequences
1651:7. The Czechoslovak Revolt and its Consequences
1417:7. The Czechoslovak Revolt and its Consequences
1758:. New York: The Macmillan Company. p. 17.
1007:. The Commander of the 1st Legionary Division
1756:The Russian Revolution, 1917-1921, Volume Two
850:. Motivations were mixed. Austria-Hungary, a
703:
425:
1723:2. 1918-19: The Triumphal March of Reaction
1566:2. 1918-19: The Triumphal March of Reaction
1380:2. 1918-19: The Triumphal March of Reaction
1019:In July, White Russian troops commanded by
1753:
710:
696:
432:
418:
43:
1453:
1031:. Anti-Bolshevik forces advanced towards
1095:
927:
1811:Smele, Jonathan D. (15 January 2016) .
1577:
1428:
1344:
1883:
1843:
1821:, New York, United States of America:
1749:
1747:
1734:
1702:
1683:
1662:
1646:
1483:
1412:
1298:
1257:
1184:
33:Eastern Front of the Russian Civil War
1901:Czechoslovakia–Soviet Union relations
1810:
1718:
1585:The Slavonic and East European Review
1561:
1375:
691:
413:
1484:Kennan, George F. (1 January 1958).
1185:Kennan, George F. (1 October 1957).
932:"Quarter" of the Czechoslovak Legion
16:1918–1920 Russian Civil War campaign
1906:Subsidiary conflicts of World War I
1781:
1772:
1744:
1391:
782:comprised the armed actions of the
13:
1429:Dulatov, Berik K. (1 April 2018).
1136:to the representatives of the Red
1111:Provisional All-Russian Government
1100:Czechoslovak troops in Vladivostok
14:
1922:
1027:, while Czechoslovak troops took
780:revolt of the Czechoslovak Legion
719:Revolt of the Czechoslovak Legion
461:Revolt of the Czechoslovak Legion
26:Revolt of the Czechoslovak Legion
1396:Chapter 1: Departure from Russia
1347:Studies in East European Thought
380:
367:
348:
337:
326:
314:
302:
291:
279:
268:
256:
244:
233:
222:
203:
192:
181:
170:
151:
134:
123:
112:
100:
1578:Bradley, J.F.N. (1 June 1965).
1571:
1001:Provisional Siberian Government
83:
1477:
1422:
1338:
1292:
1251:
1178:
543:Eastern Front counteroffensive
1:
1486:"The Czechoslovak Legion: II"
1171:
1091:
923:
821:
1754:Chamberlin, William (1935).
7:
1864:10.1007/978-1-349-18843-7_7
1154:
826:Soon after the outbreak of
10:
1927:
1775:"How the Revolution Armed"
1766:
1455:10.15688/jvolsu4.2018.2.10
1268:Princeton University Press
1276:10.1515/9781400879816-009
1187:"The Czechoslovak Legion"
1113:, and the installment of
725:
451:
393:
360:
163:
93:
53:
42:
30:
25:
1896:Anti-Bolshevik uprisings
1792:: Abhinav Publications.
1438:Science Journal of VolSU
1064:William Henry Chamberlin
610:Great Siberian Ice March
444:of the Russian Civil War
404:4,000 killed and missing
1823:Oxford University Press
1782:Fic, Victor M. (1978).
1324:University of Minnesota
1308:Central Europe Yearbook
812:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
647:West Siberian rebellion
1101:
1089:
1039:. In Western Siberia,
1017:
933:
918:Trans-Siberian Railway
808:Trans-Siberian Railway
164:Commanders and leaders
1264:Princeton, New Jersey
1099:
1068:
1047:, in Eastern Siberia
1013:
931:
898:Operation Faustschlag
471:Siberian intervention
394:Casualties and losses
1847:How Haig Saved Lenin
1504:University of Kansas
1270:. pp. 136–165.
1205:University of Kansas
558:Sarapul and Votkinsk
496:Izhevsk and Votkinsk
321:Sergei Wojciechowski
286:Filipp Goloshchyokin
263:Mikhail Tukhachevsky
874:February Revolution
852:multi-ethnic empire
784:Czechoslovak Legion
141:Expeditionary Force
130:Expeditionary Corps
119:Czechoslovak Legion
1491:The Russian Review
1192:The Russian Review
1102:
1074:, in the Northern
934:
902:Battle of Bakhmach
878:October Revolution
806:regions along the
652:Sorokino rebellion
642:Pitchfork uprising
1873:978-1-349-18845-1
1378:, p. 67-71,
1266:, United States:
1165:Achaemenid Empire
1134:Aleksandr Kolchak
1115:Alexander Kolchak
981:Russian Civil War
906:summary execution
788:Russian Civil War
773:
772:
685:
684:
657:Svobodny Incident
600:Uralsk and Guryev
491:Syzran and Samara
408:
407:
389:
376:
355:Mikhail Diterikhs
229:Alexander Samoylo
148:
89:
88:
1918:
1877:
1840:
1807:
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1759:
1751:
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1548:
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1481:
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1457:
1435:
1426:
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1399:
1389:
1383:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1305:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1262:. Vol. II.
1255:
1249:
1248:
1182:
1138:Political Centre
882:President Wilson
844:Tsar Nicholas II
720:
712:
705:
698:
689:
688:
521:Spring offensive
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1773:Trotsky, Leon.
1769:
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1713:
1701:
1694:
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1673:
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1500:Wiley-Blackwell
1482:
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1427:
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1201:Wiley-Blackwell
1183:
1179:
1174:
1157:
1094:
1084:steppes of Asia
1021:Vladimir Kappel
1011:gave an order:
1009:Stanislav Čeček
926:
886:Fourteen Points
848:Austria-Hungary
824:
776:
775:
774:
769:
721:
718:
716:
686:
681:
447:
443:
440:
438:
401:3,800 prisoners
400:
381:
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375:(Peak; in 1920)
368:
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349:
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344:Vladimir Kappel
338:
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309:Stanislav Čeček
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275:Reingold Berzin
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5:
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1914:
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1898:
1893:
1879:
1878:
1872:
1850:(1 ed.).
1841:
1831:
1817:(2 ed.).
1808:
1798:
1779:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1743:
1737:, p. 45,
1727:
1721:, p. 69,
1711:
1705:, p. 44,
1692:
1686:, p. 43,
1671:
1665:, p. 42,
1655:
1649:, p. 42,
1639:
1570:
1564:, p. 68,
1549:
1512:10.2307/125722
1476:
1421:
1415:, p. 41,
1400:
1384:
1368:
1337:
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1213:10.2307/125745
1176:
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1168:
1156:
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1122:Czechoslovakia
1093:
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962:Novonikolaevsk
925:
922:
840:Russian Empire
838:living in the
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820:
771:
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637:Starving March
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620:Novonikolaevsk
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251:Mikhail Frunze
199:Sergey Kamenev
166:
165:
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158:White Movement
109:
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95:
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90:
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72:Russian Empire
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1838:
1834:
1832:9780190613211
1828:
1824:
1820:
1819:New York City
1816:
1815:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1799:9788170170754
1795:
1791:
1787:
1786:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1770:
1757:
1750:
1748:
1740:
1736:
1731:
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1720:
1715:
1708:
1704:
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1668:
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1627:
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1533:
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1525:
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1443:
1439:
1432:
1425:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1397:
1394:, p. 1,
1393:
1388:
1381:
1377:
1372:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1341:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1302:
1295:
1287:
1285:9781400879816
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
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1261:
1254:
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1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1188:
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1177:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1152:
1149:
1147:
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1135:
1130:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1098:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1067:
1065:
1062:According to
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1016:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
977:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
949:
945:
943:
939:
938:Yekaterinburg
930:
921:
919:
913:
909:
907:
903:
899:
893:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
870:
868:
863:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
819:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
766:
765:Syzran–Samara
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
727:
724:
713:
708:
706:
701:
699:
694:
693:
690:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
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648:
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643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
612:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
595:Petropavlovsk
593:
591:
588:
584:
581:
579:
578:Yekaterinburg
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
545:
544:
541:
539:
536:
532:
529:
527:
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522:
519:
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499:
497:
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487:
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482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
453:
450:
445:
442:Eastern Front
435:
430:
428:
423:
421:
416:
415:
412:
403:
398:
397:
392:
378:
365:
364:
359:
356:
345:
334:
322:
310:
299:
289:
287:
276:
264:
252:
241:
230:
219:
217:
211:
200:
189:
178:
168:
167:
162:
159:
147:
146:Supported by:
142:
137:
131:
126:
120:
110:
108:
98:
97:
92:
85:
81:
78:
77:
73:
68:
65:
64:
60:
57:
56:
52:
46:
41:
38:
34:
29:
24:
19:
1846:
1837:Google Books
1835:– via
1813:
1804:Google Books
1802:– via
1784:
1755:
1730:
1714:
1658:
1642:
1632:– via
1589:
1583:
1573:
1495:
1489:
1479:
1467:. Retrieved
1441:
1437:
1424:
1387:
1371:
1350:
1346:
1340:
1311:
1307:
1294:
1259:
1253:
1196:
1190:
1180:
1161:Ten Thousand
1150:
1142:Radola Gajda
1131:
1119:
1109:against the
1106:
1103:
1082:, where the
1069:
1061:
1049:Radola Gajda
1018:
1014:
978:
970:Nizhneudinsk
950:
946:
935:
914:
910:
894:
871:
864:
860:independence
825:
779:
777:
460:
399:5,000 killed
373:600,000 men
298:Radola Gajda
215:
177:Leon Trotsky
145:
107:Russian SFSR
94:Belligerents
31:Part of the
18:
1735:Pearce 1987
1703:Pearce 1987
1684:Pearce 1987
1663:Pearce 1987
1647:Pearce 1987
1413:Pearce 1987
1357:: 311–312.
1316:Minneapolis
1146:Vladivostok
942:Chelyabinsk
890:dissolution
884:issued the
856:nationalism
842:petitioned
828:World War I
750:Lake Baikal
625:Krasnoyarsk
583:Chelyabinsk
386:42,000 men
1885:Categories
1719:Smele 2016
1630:1099125967
1622:sn94096267
1562:Smele 2016
1506:): 11–28.
1469:22 January
1376:Smele 2016
1172:References
1127:Jan Syrový
1092:Retreating
1055:and later
1041:Jan Syrový
924:Chronology
872:After the
822:Background
667:Khabarovsk
548:Buguruslan
538:Chapan War
333:Jan Syrový
1790:New Delhi
1606:0037-6795
1544:473067959
1520:0036-0341
1464:1998-9938
1446:Volgograd
1363:0925-9392
1332:2689-5978
1326:: 73–85.
1320:Minnesota
1245:473067959
1221:0036-0341
1207:): 3–16.
1087:Russians.
985:Petropavl
954:Petropavl
830:, ethnic
792:Bolshevik
755:2nd Kazan
745:1st Kazan
677:2nd Yakut
506:Minusinsk
481:2nd Kazan
476:1st Kazan
456:1st Yakut
84:aftermath
1536:43016148
1392:Fic 1978
1355:Springer
1237:43016148
1155:See also
1080:Orenburg
1029:Kuznetsk
966:Mariinsk
790:against
760:Simbirsk
730:Bakhmach
662:Mongolia
573:Zlatoust
568:2nd Perm
526:Orenburg
511:1st Perm
486:Simbirsk
361:Strength
66:Location
1856:England
1767:Sources
1614:4205653
1598:England
1592:(101).
1053:Irkutsk
1033:Saratov
836:Slovaks
804:Siberia
786:in the
740:Barnaul
735:Lipyagi
590:Tobolsk
553:Belebey
516:Sheksna
466:Barnaul
216:†
70:Former
1870:
1852:London
1829:
1796:
1628:
1620:
1612:
1604:
1594:London
1542:
1534:
1528:125722
1526:
1518:
1462:
1361:
1330:
1282:
1243:
1235:
1229:125745
1227:
1219:
1045:Tyumen
1025:Syzran
997:Komuch
993:Samara
972:, and
958:Kurgan
832:Czechs
802:, and
672:Spassk
605:Bogdat
531:Uralsk
388:(1918)
212:
79:Result
1634:JSTOR
1610:JSTOR
1524:JSTOR
1498:(1).
1444:(2).
1434:(PDF)
1353:(2).
1304:(PDF)
1225:JSTOR
1199:(4).
1078:, to
1076:Urals
1057:Chita
1051:took
1043:took
1037:Kazan
1023:took
974:Kansk
796:Volga
632:Chita
1868:ISBN
1827:ISBN
1794:ISBN
1626:OCLC
1618:LCCN
1602:ISSN
1540:OCLC
1532:LCCN
1516:ISSN
1471:2022
1460:ISSN
1359:ISSN
1328:ISSN
1280:ISBN
1241:OCLC
1233:LCCN
1217:ISSN
1107:coup
1072:Perm
1035:and
1005:Omsk
989:Omsk
987:and
834:and
800:Ural
778:The
615:Omsk
501:Arsk
82:See
58:Date
35:and
1860:doi
1508:doi
1450:doi
1272:doi
1209:doi
1144:in
1003:in
976:.
867:POW
563:Ufa
37:WWI
1887::
1866:.
1854:,
1825:.
1788:.
1746:^
1695:^
1674:^
1624:.
1616:.
1608:.
1596:,
1590:43
1588:.
1582:.
1552:^
1538:.
1530:.
1522:.
1514:.
1496:17
1494:.
1488:.
1458:.
1442:23
1440:.
1436:.
1403:^
1351:48
1349:.
1318:,
1314:.
1310:.
1306:.
1278:.
1239:.
1231:.
1223:.
1215:.
1197:16
1195:.
1189:.
1066:,
1059:.
968:,
964:,
960:,
956:,
798:,
1876:.
1862::
1839:.
1806:.
1777:.
1741:.
1725:.
1709:.
1690:.
1669:.
1653:.
1636:.
1568:.
1546:.
1510::
1473:.
1452::
1419:.
1398:.
1382:.
1365:.
1334:.
1312:1
1288:.
1274::
1247:.
1211::
1167:.
711:e
704:t
697:v
433:e
426:t
419:v
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