1137:
1626:, Steve Jobs demonstrated Rhapsody on Intel x86, and offered to license the operating system to Dell for distribution on its PCs. The deal failed, however, when Jobs insisted that all of its computers ship with both Mac OS and Windows so that consumers could choose the platform they prefer (which would have resulted in Dell having to pay royalties to Apple for every computer it sells), as opposed to Dell's preference that the choice of OS be a factory option.
1679:'s John Lettice argued that "those APIs Apple couldn't get developers to support are of course APIs that NeXT couldn't get developers to support". Lettice described Rhapsody as inherently flawed, stating that: "The theory of this school of OS development says you allow users to run their existing apps while making it possible for a whole new generation of compelling apps to take over in the long run" is a strategy that "has not so far worked in practice".
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1609:"Mac" and "Windows" machines? The experience of using a computer is determined mostly by its system software. In other words, Rhapsody will put Apple elegance on any personal computer, no matter who made it. Every PC in the world will become, in effect, a Mac. On the other hand, a Rhapsody triumph would mean nobody'd have to buy computers from Apple anymore. Has Apple thought this thing through?
32:
1527:
Developers were "impressed" and "enthusiastic" about Apple's plans, but, with
Copland in mind, many were skeptical of Apple's ability to deliver on these plans, and the Macintosh's declining sales raised doubts about Apple's odds of survival. As a result, "many" developers were unwilling to commit to
1096:
Apple pitched
Rhapsody to users by emphasizing its improved stability and responsiveness. For example, on classic Mac OS, incoming faxes could leave the machine frozen until the fax completes; and if an app crashed, it could take down the whole system and require a reboot, potentially leading to data
1629:
In mid-1997, after Amelio was ousted as Apple's CEO and Jobs informally replaced him, the company grew quieter on
Rhapsody, leading to speculation over its fate. At the October 1997 Seybold publishing conference, Jobs announced that the transition would be more "gradual" than previously announced by
1040:
would let developers start on the "twentieth floor". Jobs argued that this would make it faster to implement existing apps, and would allow even small developer teams to create innovative apps. At the time, fewer than 25% of
Americans used computers, and many thought the computing industry was "just
1818:
Apple initially planned to release a developer preview of
Rhapsody in the third quarter of 1997. It would be followed in January 1998 by a consumer release codenamed Rhapsody Premier, containing a preliminary version of Blue Box, the compatibility environment that would allow Rhapsody to run Mac OS
1637:
strategy: classic Mac OS applications would not need a complete rewrite to run well on the system, which Jobs said could have taken as long as two years; instead, applications could run on Mac OS X with only "minor adjustments". Apple also ported existing classic Mac OS frameworks into Mac OS X and
1608:
The intriguing thing about Apple's upcoming
Rhapsody OS is that it'll be available for Mac and Intel computers. What if it's a huge hit? What if it's cheaper and less troublesome than Windows and NT? What if it dawns on software companies that they can write one Rhapsody program and sell it on both
1127:
and PowerPC), but would only be able to support apps that did not need to communicate with the hardware. Throughout
Rhapsody's development, Apple would continue to release major upgrades to the classic Mac OS, which would remain supported for several years after Rhapsody's public release.
1539:
observed that many third-party developers were already abandoning the Mac due to its shrinking market share, and that NeXTSTEP's lack of consumer applications, combined with the need to rewrite apps for
Rhapsody, " buying a Mac a relatively risky investment" compared to buying a
1122:
Apple's plan was to maintain compatibility with "most" existing Mac OS applications through Blue Box but require apps to be rewritten for Yellow Box to take advantage of
Rhapsody's new features. Blue Box would run in a window, and support System 7 apps
975:
operating system. At the time, Mac OS was still a single-user OS, and had gained a reputation for being unstable. Apple made several attempts to develop modern replacements for Mac OS, which all failed, harming public confidence in the company, while
1318:
Yellow Box is
Rhapsody's development platform. It consists of much of the OpenStep framework, combined with a runtime, and a development environment. Since Yellow Box also had a Windows NT implementation, apps made for it could also run natively on
1295:, provides runtime compatibility with Mac OS 8 applications. All virtualized applications and their associated windows are encapsulated within a single Blue Box desktop window instead of being interspersed with native Yellow Box applications.
1588:
refused. Some small developers announced Rhapsody ports of their apps, including Stone Design's Create, Anderson Financial systems' PasteUp, Onyshuk & Associates' Glyphix, OpenBase, and Dantz Development's
1551:
To assuage developers' concerns, Apple announced in May 1997 that it would add support for Yellow Box apps to Mac OS, to make the transition from Mac OS smoother. However, the same month, Apple announced in an
2035:
Note the capitalization. "OpenStep" refers to the object-oriented framework developed jointly by NeXT and Sun Microsystems, while "OPENSTEP" is what NeXT's NeXTSTEP operating system was called after version
1101:
sharing functionality, and make it easy to share data across apps. At Macworld SF 1997, Steve Jobs vaunted NeXTSTEP's maturity by pointing out that it had been adopted by many large organizations, including
2281:
1495:
Rhapsody's user interface was considered preliminary, with the developer previews focusing on the system's underlying architecture. Its user interface was a blend of the OPENSTEP UI and Mac OS 8's
2780:
1354:(which would have only been partially supported under the previous Copland project). Third-party apps would need to be rewritten for Yellow Box to take advantage of Rhapsody's new features.
1630:
Amelio, and would follow a "dual-OS" strategy, with Rhapsody oriented towards servers, followed by a consumer released several years later, imitating Microsoft's Windows NT strategy.
1464:; its main purpose was to give developers a shipping version of Yellow Box so they could start rewriting their apps for it. DR1 has OPENSTEP's Workspace Manager instead of the Mac OS
1452:: the bootable Rhapsody installer, and another CD with sample source code (including a version of TextEdit in Java that calls Yellow Box APIs). Apple modified its implementation of
1721:
Since Rhapsody could run on both PowerPC and Intel x86, some commentators speculated that Apple could be planning to switch the Macintosh from PowerPC to Intel processors. This
2582:
1650:
were ported and published to developers. Carbon allows full compatibility and native functionality for both platforms, while enabling new features. Apple also announced that
1633:
At WWDC 1998 held in May, Apple stated that "not a single" major third-party developer had committed to rewriting their apps for Rhapsody. Apple instead unveiled their
1207:
language that is used to communicate with printers, no conversion process is required when printing, and printed documents are more faithful to how they look onscreen.
1673:, Avie Tevanian argued that Rhapsody's failure was partly caused by Windows's dominance, which made new operating system platforms inherently uncompetitive; however,
1041:
waiting to take off"; most existing applications were office tools, and "the software for the vast majority of people yet to be written". Jobs gave the examples of
1826:
operating system, whose last version was OPENSTEP for Mach 4.2. Though Apple never released Rhapsody 5.2, some speculated that it was meant to be Rhapsody Premier.
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that loaded a Macintosh ROM file stored on disk. Blue Box did not support Mac OS applications that needed hardware access or that relied on non-public Mac OS APIs.
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mixture" of an "amazingly Mac-like" user interface and hard-to-use NeXTSTEP components, some of which could only be configured properly through the
1152:
Unix environment. Atop that were the threaded, object-oriented Yellow Box libraries, the Blue Box compatibility layer for Mac OS applications, and a
3143:
2772:
1076:(DLL), Yellow Box apps would be able to run on both Rhapsody and Windows through a recompile. Microsoft provided no equivalent that would enable
2940:
2694:
1261:
virtualization layer that allows Rhapsody to run classic Mac OS apps. It was released after Rhapsody DR1, in the form of an application called
1238:(SMP) support, which was planned to be added in a later release of Rhapsody that would use a Mach 3.0 kernel. Mach had been created at CMU by
855:
for creating cross-platform applications. Eventually, the non-Apple platforms were discontinued, and later versions consist primarily of the
2909:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
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1242:, who was in charge of Rhapsody's development as Apple's senior vice president of software engineering, a role he previously held at NeXT.
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The first developer release of Rhapsody was released on October 13, 1997 (for Power Macintosh) to 10,000 developers, who were given two
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described NeXTSTEP as "field-tested, time-proven code" in January 1998, ten years after the operating system's introduction.
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decided to acquire or license an already-built operating system from another company. Apple's executive team considered
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In 2016, historian Hanson Hsu called Steve Jobs's vision for developers "prescient" (Jobs's vision is described in the
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229:
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3182:
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1532:, since Rhapsody would not be commercially successful without apps rewritten to take advantage of its new features.
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1468:. Within the following weeks, Apple also released the Windows version of the Yellow Box runtime, as well as DR1 of
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were on board with the new strategy, and had committed to releasing their applications for Mac OS X. Programmer
1460:. DR1 did not have Blue Box, and was missing many promised Mac OS technologies like QuickTime, AppleScript, and
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836:. Rhapsody represented a new and exploratory strategy for Apple, more than an operating system, and runs on
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placed developers on the "fifth floor", Windows NT on the "seventh floor", while Rhapsody's OpenStep
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to continue to decline. In Q4 FY1997, quarterly Macintosh sales declined from 932,000 to 625,000
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1323:, and would look like normal Windows applications. Yellow Box includes three major frameworks:
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Rhapsody supports app development in three programming languages: Objective-C, Java, and C++.
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2274:"The Deep History of Your Apps: Steve Jobs, NeXTSTEP, and Early Object-Oriented Programming"
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of $ 24 million (though it still had $ 1.45 billion in cash). Shortly before the August 6,
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apps to run on other platforms. Additionally, Rhapsody itself could be installed on either
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operating system that is the foundation for Apple's current commercial operating systems.
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Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the
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sales continued to decline. Apple's most promising next-generation operating system,
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was falling behind Windows. In 1993, Microsoft had introduced the next-generation
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section). Many NeXTSTEP innovations were foundational to Mac OS X, including the
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operating system that was developed at NeXT in the late 1980s, previously called
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3218:
Becoming Steve Jobs: The Evolution of a Reckless Upstart into a Visionary Leader
1750:
programming language. These technologies attracted many indie developers to the
1136:
911:). Apple had canceled its previous next-generation operating system strategy of
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apps. The full Blue Box would come in Rhapsody Unified, planned for mid-1998.
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1573:
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layer called Blue Box for backward compatibility during migration to Mac OS X.
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527:
522:
372:
362:
332:
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170:
2977:
Beale, Stephen (September 1998). "Jobs Touts Apple Comeback in Expo Keynote".
2184:"Apple Announces Future Macintosh Operating System (OS) Strategy and Road Map"
1822:
Rhapsody's version numbers start at version 5.0, since was a rename of NeXT's
1642:
for Mac OS 9 and X as the transition layer. Widely used Mac OS libraries like
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Though developers were expecting Rhapsody DP3, Steve Jobs announced at the
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1639:
1619:
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2.5 kernel, which was modified to add support for the Network File System,
1050:
1046:
657:
647:
382:
357:
347:
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2400:
Fliegel, Tova; Gruman, Galen (March 1997). "What's Next for the Mac OS?".
828:. Rhapsody was targeted to developers for a transition period between the
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5219:
4371:
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4361:
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3777:
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984:, was mismanaged and had to be abandoned in 1996. In response, Apple CEO
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2840:"Apple Kills Its Plan to Use Rhapsody As New Macintosh Operating System"
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Blue Box beta 1.0 only worked in full screen, requiring users to press
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for NeXTSTEP with only 18 employees, Tim Berners-Lee, who had created
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3571:
3395:
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3373:
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3301:
3281:— An article written shortly after Apple first demonstrated Rhapsody.
2719:
Beale, Stephen (January 1998). "Apple ships Rhapsody to developers".
2575:"Apple will release Rhapsody on Intel PCs as well as PowerPC systems"
2190:(Press release). Apple Computer, Inc. January 7, 1997. Archived from
2093:
2091:
1754:, and are still in use today on the Mac; they were later used on the
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GB of disk space, and only officially supported the Power Macintosh
1560:, it would fail to return to profitability by the fourth quarter of
900:
Rhapsody follows Apple's pattern through the 1990s of music-related
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that an improved version of Rhapsody would be publicly released as
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1.1.3, which was modified so that Java apps could call Yellow Box
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Morgan, Justin (July 1997). "Concert's API Goes Cross-Platform".
2454:"Sticking With the Mac Requires Patience and a Big Leap of Faith"
1860:
1433:
1288:
1081:
470:
129:
1580:, Amelio tried to obtain a commitment from Microsoft to release
1456:
to allow users to dual boot Rhapsody and Mac OS by holding down
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In May 1997, Amelio announced that Yellow Box would be renamed
1328:
1227:
1149:
475:
2656:"Microsoft Unveils Mac Browser As Developer Meeting Continues"
2374:
2372:
2315:
2313:
2311:
2234:"Apple Tries to Woo Developers As a Crucial Conference Starts"
1276:
to exit the environment, and it implements networking through
949:
Previous attempts to develop a successor to the Classic Mac OS
5332:
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5196:
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3481:
3275:— Screenshots of Rhapsody (Intel version) and its components.
2756:
Pogue, David (February 1998). "The Apple Doomsday Scenario".
2057:
1879:
1844:
1743:
1432:
Apple issued two developer releases of Rhapsody for both the
210:
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3297:
First Impressions On Apple Rhapsody Blue Box, Beta Version 1
3033:"Apple Computer Says It Plans To Cut Number of Distributors"
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3678:
2804:"Apple to Gradually Roll Out Rhapsody; No Quick Transition"
2604:
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2600:
2369:
2308:
2154:"Amelio Pledges a Smooth Shift To New Mac Operating System"
1759:
1725:, with Apple revealing that it had internally tested Intel
1623:
1564:
1997 (ending in September), and that it expected Macintosh
1384:. Rhapsody DR1 included Sun's Java compiler and libraries.
1364:
Yellow Box was later used as the foundation for Mac OS X's
1284:. Later versions of Blue Box could run Mac OS in a window.
1223:
1058:
1001:
989:
813:
2432:
Thompson, Tom (January 1998). "A First Look at Rhapsody".
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3764:
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3524:
2506:
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2479:
2339:"Apple Says Rhapsody Programs Will Run on Current Mac OS"
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operating system ported to Power Macintosh, merging the
816:
in the late 1990s. It is the fifth major release of the
1487:, but said it "did not crash once" during his testing.
1012:
Rhapsody was announced by Gil Amelio at the January 7,
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2541:
2539:
2537:
2535:
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1376:
Rhapsody's Java virtual machine is derived from Sun's
1331:, and Display PostScript. It also includes NeXTSTEP's
1097:
loss. Additionally, Rhapsody would inherit NeXTSTEP's
919:) and its pre-announced successor Gershwin (named for
883:. Rhapsody can run Mac OS 8 and its applications in a
2773:"The Apple-Dell deal that could have changed history"
2206:
4032:
3285:"Overall summary on Apple Rhapsody: A User Overview"
2995:"Apple Ships Early Version Of Rhapsody, Cuts Prices"
2518:
1475:
The overall developer reaction to DR1 was positive.
1160:
object-oriented framework, NeXT's other frameworks (
1088:
PCs, enlarging developers' potential customer base.
1072:
Since Yellow Box was also available on Windows as a
3309:, By Daniel Eran Dilger, 2007-02-19, RoughlyDrafted
3293:— Technical specifications on the operating system.
2955:
2530:
1742:framework, Interface Builder (which became part of
1287:Rhapsody's Blue Box environment, available only on
3302:TidBITS: Yellow Box, Blue Box, Rhapsody & WWDC
3215:Schlender, Brent; Tetzeli, Rick (March 24, 2015).
3114:"Rhapsody Media - Identifying what media you have"
2122:
2076:
1515:. The Shelf was eliminated in favor of OPENSTEP's
1528:rewriting their apps for Rhapsody, which posed a
1117:
5501:
3214:
3069:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
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1519:; and Finder was added, inheriting column view.
1778:The PowerPC version of Rhapsody DR1 required 32
1409:about the second developer release of Rhapsody.
3342:
3307:Cocoa and the Death of Yellow Box and Rhapsody
1203:. Since Display PostScript relies on the same
1168:), and Apple's Mac OS technologies (including
4908:
4018:
3328:
3269:— Screenshots of Rhapsody Developer Release 2
3084:"Chip Story: The Intel Mac FAQ, 2006 edition"
2399:
2256:
929:). Other musical code names include Harmony (
782:
3273:GUIdebook > Screenshots > Rhapsody DR2
1870:
1472:(Intel), and the first release of Blue Box.
2687:"Yellow Box, Blue Box, Rhapsody & WWDC"
1218:Rhapsody uses Carnegie Mellon University's
36:Rhapsody, with a drawing application and a
4915:
4901:
4025:
4011:
3980:
3335:
3321:
2031:
2029:
1000:, and Windows NT, and eventually acquired
789:
775:
3287:— An overview of Rhapsody's technologies.
3191:
2770:
2653:
2608:
1016:, and first demonstrated at the May 1997
2868:
2572:
2452:Mossberg, Walter S. (January 23, 1997).
2451:
2431:
2176:
1733:
1135:
955:macOS version history § Development
871:with that of OPENSTEP. Several existing
4690:
2930:
2837:
2801:
2733:
2026:
1371:
5502:
4563:
3238:Mac OS X Internals: A Systems Approach
3168:
3094:from the original on February 19, 2023
2912:from the original on November 29, 2010
2684:
2619:
2617:
2557:
2524:
2512:
2500:
2378:
2319:
2302:
2284:from the original on November 16, 2022
2271:
2109:
1773:
1443:
1306:, with support for Classic dropped in
1023:
4896:
4006:
3316:
3235:
3146:from the original on October 15, 2018
3081:
3051:from the original on February 5, 2023
3013:from the original on February 5, 2023
2976:
2964:
2899:
2881:from the original on November 4, 2015
2850:from the original on February 5, 2023
2833:
2831:
2829:
2814:from the original on February 5, 2023
2783:from the original on October 28, 2021
2771:Guglielmo, Connie (October 6, 2021).
2755:
2718:
2714:
2712:
2666:from the original on February 5, 2023
2654:Newswires, Dow Jones (May 14, 1997).
2545:
2485:
2464:from the original on February 5, 2023
2447:
2445:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2357:from the original on February 5, 2023
2336:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2244:from the original on February 5, 2023
2215:
2164:from the original on February 5, 2023
2082:
1387:
1249:said Rhapsody was based on Mach 2.6.
967:, which was a processor-independent,
847:Rhapsody's OPENSTEP based Yellow Box
5482:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2148:
2146:
2129:(fourth ed.), Microsoft Press,
1479:'s Tom Thompson described DR1 as a "
1391:
2943:from the original on March 25, 2023
2697:from the original on March 29, 2023
2635:from the original on March 29, 2023
2614:
2585:from the original on March 29, 2023
2064:from the original on April 28, 2009
1302:, which remained in Mac OS X until
904:for operating system releases (see
111:Developer Release 2 / May 1998
13:
2931:Lettice, John (November 5, 1998).
2893:
2826:
2795:
2709:
2442:
2408:
2384:
2325:
1813:
1226:disks, and removable devices like
875:frameworks were ported, including
14:
5541:
3255:
3120:from the original on July 2, 2016
3082:Snell, Jason (January 11, 2006).
2221:
2143:
1729:of Mac OS X since the year 2000.
1490:
1091:
5481:
5470:
5469:
3989:
3988:
3979:
2869:Siracusa, John (April 3, 2008).
2802:Carlton, Jim (October 3, 1997).
1396:
1342:Yellow Box has full support for
1195:Pixels are drawn onscreen using
30:
5468:indicate discontinued systems.
4852:Mac OS X Server version history
3240:. Addison-Wesley Professional.
3162:
3132:
3106:
3075:
3025:
2987:
2970:
2924:
2862:
2764:
2749:
2727:
2678:
2647:
2625:"Apple delivers Blue Box early"
2573:Thurrott, Paul (May 12, 1997).
2566:
2551:
2058:"Shaw's Rhapsody Resource Page"
1977:(also labelled Hera1O9+Loki2G1)
1131:
1018:Worldwide Developers Conference
1007:
5530:Discontinued operating systems
5515:Berkeley Software Distribution
2933:"Who killed Apple's Rhapsody?"
2685:Duncan, Geoff (May 26, 1997).
2272:Hansen, Hsu (March 15, 2016).
2103:
2050:
1556:that contrary to its previous
1118:Planned transition from Mac OS
1045:, which had created an entire
915:(named for American composer,
230:Transition to Intel processors
1:
3684:AIX for Apple Network Servers
3279:"Apple shows off Rhapsody OS"
3262:Shaw's Rhapsody Resource Page
3236:Singh, Amit (June 19, 2006).
2838:Carlton, Jim (May 12, 1998).
2043:
1892:Rhapsody Developer Release 2
1854:Rhapsody Developer Release 1
1666:celebrated the new strategy.
1638:developed the cross-platform
1313:
1245:In a WWDC 1997 presentation,
890:
5510:Apple Inc. operating systems
3070:Schlender & Tetzeli 2015
2900:Winer, Dave (May 12, 1998).
2098:Schlender & Tetzeli 2015
1522:
1166:Enterprise Objects Framework
1144:Rhapsody runs on a modified
273:Rhapsody (Developer Release)
7:
5453:Windows Subsystem for Linux
3192:Linzmayer, Owen W. (2004).
2337:Gomes, Lee (May 13, 1997).
2125:Microsoft Windows Internals
1710:Apple forked Rhapsody into
1613:
1470:Rhapsody for PC Compatibles
1252:
1156:. Rhapsody combines NeXT's
235:Transition to Apple silicon
186:Only released to developers
113:; 26 years ago
10:
5546:
3171:Rhapsody Developer's Guide
1921:is also based on Rhapsody:
1696:QuickTime Streaming Server
1684:July 1998 MacWorld Expo NY
1298:Blue Box later became the
1188:(UFS) for hard disks, and
1061:, which created its first
952:
851:frameworks were ported to
5461:
5447:Windows Services for UNIX
5402:Microsoft POSIX subsystem
5351:
5250:
5171:
5106:
4990:
4979:
4941:
4842:
4819:
4769:
4760:
4749:Forks from tvOS with 13.4
4730:
4721:
4686:
4623:
4614:
4559:
4471:
4462:
4354:
4345:
4315:
4306:
4244:
4111:
4102:
4047:
3977:
3956:
3909:
3866:
3763:
3753:
3707:
3666:
3659:
3480:
3432:
3423:
3351:
2001:
1987:
1932:
1916:
1903:
1900:
1891:
1867:
1853:
1705:
1671:Microsoft antitrust trial
1578:1997 Macworld Expo Boston
1236:symmetric multiprocessing
1213:
1032:said that Mac OS and its
895:
190:
180:
162:
152:
139:
125:
105:
95:
87:
57:
45:
29:
4883:denote upcoming products
4298:10.6 Snow Leopard Server
3291:"Rhapsody" at OSData.com
2019:
1669:As part of the landmark
1280:, instead of Rhapsody's
4877:audioOS version history
4872:watchOS version history
4169:OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion
3537:Mac OS X 10.0 (Cheetah)
2278:Computer History Museum
2158:The Wall Street Journal
2007:Mac OS X Server 1.2 v3
1953:(also labelled Hera1O9)
1723:switch occurred in 2005
1530:chicken-and-egg problem
1344:preemptive multitasking
1140:Rhapsody's architecture
698:Remote Install Mac OS X
613:Bluetooth File Exchange
4867:iPadOS version history
3267:Toastytech GUI Gallery
3194:Apple Confidential 2.0
3169:Feiler, Jesse (1997).
2113:(2005), "Preface", in
1971:Mac OS X Server 1.0.2
1947:Mac OS X Server 1.0.1
1790:MB recommended), and 1
1611:
1507:'s Workspace Manager,
1407:is missing information
1141:
812:after its purchase of
808:that was developed by
18:Apple operating system
5441:UserLAnd Technologies
4847:macOS version history
4334:Forks from iOS with 4
3699:PowerOpen Environment
3343:Operating systems by
2381:, pp. xxii–xxiv.
2322:, pp. 15, 30–35.
1690:, which would bundle
1606:
1535:Technology columnist
1184:). Rhapsody uses the
1139:
1084:Macintoshes or Intel
1065:website using NeXT's
1028:At Macworld SF 1997,
1014:1997 Macworld Expo SF
5436:UNIX System Services
4935:compatibility layers
4857:tvOS version history
3577:10.8 (Mountain Lion)
3039:. November 4, 1997.
3001:. October 13, 1997.
2902:"Rhapsody Cancelled"
2871:"Rhapsody and blues"
2760:. pp. 192, 194.
2737:; Simon, William L.
1993:Mac OS X Server 1.2
1927:Mac OS X Server 1.0
1735:§Pitch to developers
1622:, owner of PC maker
1372:Java virtual machine
1234:. This kernel lacks
1199:instead of Mac OS's
1154:Java virtual machine
1074:dynamic-link library
996:, Sun Microsystems'
328:Mountain Lion (10.8)
283:Kodiak (Public Beta)
250:List of applications
5163:Other distributions
4862:iOS version history
4293:10.5 Leopard Server
3649:Mac OS X Server 1.0
3602:10.13 (High Sierra)
3567:10.6 (Snow Leopard)
3447:Systems 2, 3, and 4
3140:"Rhapsody Timeline"
3072:, pp. 373–374.
3037:Wall Street Journal
2999:Wall Street Journal
2844:Wall Street Journal
2660:Wall Street Journal
2515:, pp. 207–208.
2458:Wall Street Journal
2343:Wall Street Journal
2305:, pp. xxiv-14.
2194:on January 16, 1999
2160:. January 7, 1997.
2100:, pp. 190–197.
1919:Mac OS X Server 1.0
1774:System requirements
1688:Mac OS X Server 1.0
1572:, and Apple had an
1444:Developer Release 1
1339:development tools.
1300:Classic environment
1192:on network drives.
1190:Network File System
1057:, on NeXTSTEP, and
1024:Pitch to developers
683:Migration Assistant
513:Notification Center
353:High Sierra (10.13)
318:Snow Leopard (10.6)
205:Part of a series on
26:
4194:macOS 10.12 Sierra
3592:10.11 (El Capitan)
2739:On the Firing Line
1912:IA-32 (Intel x86)
1618:In a meeting with
1596:In February 1998,
1584:for Rhapsody, but
1388:Developer releases
1293:paravirtualization
1197:Display PostScript
1142:
1004:in December 1996.
959:In the mid-1990s,
885:paravirtualization
840:-based PCs and on
708:System Information
703:System Preferences
693:ODBC Administrator
633:DigitalColor Meter
343:El Capitan (10.11)
24:
5497:
5496:
5347:
5346:
4931:operating systems
4890:
4889:
4815:
4814:
4811:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4756:
4755:
4717:
4716:
4713:
4712:
4610:
4609:
4606:
4605:
4341:
4340:
4199:10.13 High Sierra
4154:10.6 Snow Leopard
4041:operating systems
4000:
3999:
3952:
3951:
3922:Apple TV Software
3749:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3247:978-0-13-270226-3
3228:978-0-385-34741-9
2723:. pp. 22–23.
2562:. pp. 51–52.
2488:, pp. 27–28.
2438:. pp. 45–46.
2404:. pp. 32–37.
2218:, pp. 27–29.
2115:Russinovich, Mark
2017:
2016:
2013:October 27, 2000
1999:January 14, 2000
1865:October 13, 1997
1824:OPENSTEP for Mach
1558:earnings guidance
1430:
1429:
1337:Interface Builder
1321:Microsoft Windows
1043:Lighthouse Design
1034:Macintosh Toolbox
799:
798:
638:Directory Utility
556:
484:
278:Hera (Server 1.0)
200:
199:
195:OPENSTEP for Mach
5537:
5485:
5484:
5473:
5472:
4988:
4987:
4917:
4910:
4903:
4894:
4893:
4767:
4766:
4728:
4727:
4688:
4687:
4621:
4620:
4561:
4560:
4469:
4468:
4352:
4351:
4313:
4312:
4184:10.11 El Capitan
4109:
4108:
4027:
4020:
4013:
4004:
4003:
3992:
3991:
3983:
3982:
3761:
3760:
3664:
3663:
3612:10.15 (Catalina)
3587:10.10 (Yosemite)
3582:10.9 (Mavericks)
3430:
3429:
3337:
3330:
3323:
3314:
3313:
3251:
3232:
3211:
3188:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3136:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3079:
3073:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3056:
3029:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3018:
2991:
2985:
2984:
2974:
2968:
2962:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2928:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2917:
2897:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2835:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2716:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2682:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2621:
2612:
2606:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2555:
2549:
2543:
2528:
2522:
2516:
2510:
2504:
2498:
2489:
2483:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2449:
2440:
2439:
2429:
2406:
2405:
2397:
2382:
2376:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2334:
2323:
2317:
2306:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2269:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2240:. May 13, 1997.
2230:
2219:
2213:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2150:
2141:
2139:
2128:
2119:Solomon, David A
2107:
2101:
2095:
2086:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2054:
2037:
2033:
1829:
1828:
1793:
1789:
1781:
1425:
1422:
1416:
1400:
1392:
1352:protected memory
1308:Mac OS X Leopard
1264:
1186:Unix File System
926:Rhapsody in Blue
806:operating system
791:
784:
777:
718:Universal Access
643:DiskImageMounter
608:Audio MIDI Setup
593:Activity Monitor
550:
478:
363:Catalina (10.15)
338:Yosemite (10.10)
333:Mavericks (10.9)
202:
201:
121:
119:
114:
34:
27:
23:
21:Operating system
5545:
5544:
5540:
5539:
5538:
5536:
5535:
5534:
5500:
5499:
5498:
5493:
5457:
5354:
5343:
5246:
5167:
5102:
4982:
4975:
4937:
4921:
4891:
4886:
4879:
4838:
4821:
4803:
4752:
4709:
4682:
4602:
4555:
4458:
4337:
4302:
4247:
4240:
4098:
4043:
4031:
4001:
3996:
3973:
3948:
3905:
3862:
3741:
3703:
3655:
3476:
3419:
3347:
3341:
3258:
3248:
3229:
3208:
3198:No Starch Press
3185:
3175:AP Professional
3165:
3160:
3159:
3149:
3147:
3138:
3137:
3133:
3123:
3121:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3097:
3095:
3080:
3076:
3068:
3064:
3054:
3052:
3031:
3030:
3026:
3016:
3014:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2975:
2971:
2963:
2956:
2946:
2944:
2929:
2925:
2915:
2913:
2898:
2894:
2884:
2882:
2867:
2863:
2853:
2851:
2836:
2827:
2817:
2815:
2800:
2796:
2786:
2784:
2769:
2765:
2754:
2750:
2732:
2728:
2717:
2710:
2700:
2698:
2683:
2679:
2669:
2667:
2652:
2648:
2638:
2636:
2623:
2622:
2615:
2607:
2598:
2588:
2586:
2571:
2567:
2556:
2552:
2544:
2531:
2523:
2519:
2511:
2507:
2503:, p. xxii.
2499:
2492:
2484:
2477:
2467:
2465:
2450:
2443:
2430:
2409:
2398:
2385:
2377:
2370:
2360:
2358:
2335:
2326:
2318:
2309:
2301:
2297:
2287:
2285:
2270:
2257:
2247:
2245:
2232:
2231:
2222:
2214:
2207:
2197:
2195:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2167:
2165:
2152:
2151:
2144:
2137:
2108:
2104:
2096:
2089:
2081:
2077:
2067:
2065:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2040:
2034:
2027:
2022:
1965:
1958:April 15, 1999
1936:March 16, 1999
1849:Darwin version
1816:
1814:Release history
1791:
1787:
1779:
1776:
1708:
1616:
1525:
1493:
1481:Jekyll-and-Hyde
1459:
1446:
1440:architectures.
1426:
1420:
1417:
1410:
1401:
1390:
1374:
1333:Project Builder
1329:Application Kit
1316:
1275:
1271:
1262:
1255:
1216:
1148:2.5 kernel and
1134:
1120:
1094:
1026:
1010:
969:multiprocessing
957:
951:
941:), and Sonata (
921:George Gershwin
898:
893:
842:Power Macintosh
795:
766:
765:
736:
728:
727:
688:Network Utility
678:Keychain Access
603:Archive Utility
598:AirPort Utility
588:
580:
579:
553:version history
401:
393:
392:
268:
260:
259:
220:
117:
115:
112:
83:
41:
22:
19:
12:
11:
5:
5543:
5533:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5495:
5494:
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5491:
5479:
5462:
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5443:
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5426:
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4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4498:
4497:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4472:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4455:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4376:
4375:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4355:
4349:
4343:
4342:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4316:
4310:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4283:10.3 (Panther)
4280:
4275:
4270:
4268:10.0 (Cheetah)
4265:
4264:
4263:
4252:
4250:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4238:
4237:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4209:10.15 Catalina
4206:
4201:
4196:
4188:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4179:10.10 Yosemite
4176:
4174:10.9 Mavericks
4171:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4124:10.0 (Cheetah)
4121:
4112:
4106:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4096:
4094:Classic Mac OS
4091:
4086:
4085:
4084:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4053:
4051:
4045:
4044:
4030:
4029:
4022:
4015:
4007:
3998:
3997:
3978:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3971:
3966:
3960:
3958:
3954:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3913:
3911:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3872:
3870:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3769:
3767:
3758:
3751:
3750:
3747:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3739:
3734:
3733:
3732:
3722:
3717:
3711:
3709:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3670:
3668:
3661:
3660:Other projects
3657:
3656:
3654:
3653:
3652:
3651:
3641:
3640:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3607:10.14 (Mojave)
3604:
3599:
3597:10.12 (Sierra)
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3562:10.5 (Leopard)
3559:
3554:
3552:10.3 (Panther)
3549:
3544:
3539:
3531:
3530:
3529:
3528:
3527:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3486:
3484:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3438:
3436:
3434:Classic Mac OS
3427:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3365:
3363:
3349:
3348:
3340:
3339:
3332:
3325:
3317:
3311:
3310:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3288:
3282:
3276:
3270:
3264:
3257:
3256:External links
3254:
3253:
3252:
3246:
3233:
3227:
3212:
3206:
3189:
3183:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3131:
3105:
3074:
3062:
3024:
2986:
2969:
2954:
2923:
2892:
2861:
2825:
2794:
2763:
2748:
2745:. p. 253.
2743:HarperBusiness
2726:
2708:
2677:
2646:
2613:
2611:, p. 278.
2609:Linzmayer 2004
2596:
2565:
2550:
2529:
2527:, pp. 72.
2517:
2505:
2490:
2475:
2441:
2407:
2383:
2368:
2324:
2307:
2295:
2255:
2220:
2205:
2175:
2142:
2135:
2102:
2087:
2075:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1982:July 29, 1999
1980:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1924:
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1851:
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1839:
1836:
1833:
1825:
1815:
1812:
1775:
1772:
1707:
1704:
1615:
1612:
1574:operating loss
1570:year-over-year
1524:
1521:
1492:
1491:User interface
1489:
1457:
1445:
1442:
1428:
1427:
1404:
1402:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1373:
1370:
1348:multithreading
1315:
1312:
1304:Mac OS X Tiger
1278:Open Transport
1273:
1269:
1257:Blue Box is a
1254:
1251:
1215:
1212:
1133:
1130:
1119:
1116:
1106:banks and the
1093:
1092:Pitch to users
1090:
1025:
1022:
1009:
1006:
950:
947:
923:, composer of
897:
894:
892:
889:
873:classic Mac OS
830:Classic Mac OS
810:Apple Computer
797:
796:
794:
793:
786:
779:
771:
768:
767:
764:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
741:Classic Mac OS
737:
734:
733:
730:
729:
726:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
628:Crash Reporter
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
589:
586:
585:
582:
581:
578:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
545:
540:
535:
530:
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520:
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510:
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500:
495:
490:
485:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
402:
399:
398:
395:
394:
391:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
358:Mojave (10.14)
355:
350:
348:Sierra (10.12)
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
313:Leopard (10.5)
310:
305:
303:Panther (10.3)
300:
295:
290:
288:Cheetah (10.0)
285:
280:
275:
269:
266:
265:
262:
261:
258:
257:
252:
247:
242:
237:
232:
227:
221:
218:
217:
214:
213:
207:
206:
198:
197:
192:
188:
187:
184:
178:
177:
171:Classic Mac OS
164:
160:
159:
154:
150:
149:
144:
137:
136:
127:
123:
122:
109:
107:Latest release
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
89:
85:
84:
82:
81:
72:
67:
61:
59:
55:
54:
52:Apple Computer
49:
43:
42:
35:
20:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5542:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5525:Mach (kernel)
5523:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5507:
5505:
5490:
5489:
5480:
5478:
5477:
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5464:
5463:
5460:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5448:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
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5427:
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5424:
5420:
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5413:
5411:
5410:
5406:
5404:
5403:
5399:
5397:
5396:
5392:
5390:
5389:
5385:
5383:
5382:
5378:
5376:
5375:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5360:
5358:
5356:
5353:Compatibility
5350:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5334:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5322:
5321:Research Unix
5318:
5314:
5313:
5312:BlackBerry 10
5309:
5308:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5301:
5297:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5276:
5273:
5272:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5260:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5249:
5243:
5242:
5238:
5236:
5235:
5231:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5221:
5217:
5216:
5215:
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5205:
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5198:
5195:
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5188:
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5182:
5180:
5178:
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5170:
5164:
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5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5111:
5110:
5105:
5099:
5098:
5094:
5092:
5091:
5087:
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5078:
5077:
5073:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5034:
5031:
5027:
5026:DragonFly BSD
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5008:
5007:
5006:
5002:
5001:
4999:
4997:
4996:
4995:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4978:
4972:
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4957:
4954:
4952:
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4918:
4913:
4911:
4906:
4904:
4899:
4898:
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4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4841:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4824:
4822:distributions
4818:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4771:
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4765:
4763:
4759:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
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4720:
4706:
4703:
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4693:
4689:
4685:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
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4659:
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4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
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4613:
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4507:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4495:
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4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4476:
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4470:
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4461:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
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4423:
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4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4356:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4344:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4305:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4278:10.2 (Jaguar)
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4257:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4249:
4243:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4185:
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4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
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4164:
4160:
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4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
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4114:
4113:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4101:
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4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
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4052:
4050:
4046:
4042:
4039:
4035:
4028:
4023:
4021:
4016:
4014:
4009:
4008:
4005:
3995:
3986:
3976:
3970:
3969:iPod software
3967:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3955:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
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3932:
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3915:
3914:
3912:
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3902:
3899:
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3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3871:
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3849:
3846:
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3821:
3819:
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3811:
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3806:
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3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
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3770:
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3762:
3759:
3756:
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3647:
3646:
3645:
3642:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3622:12 (Monterey)
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3547:10.2 (Jaguar)
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
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3428:
3426:
3422:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3401:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3338:
3333:
3331:
3326:
3324:
3319:
3318:
3315:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3249:
3243:
3239:
3234:
3230:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3213:
3209:
3207:1-59327-010-0
3203:
3199:
3195:
3190:
3186:
3184:9780122513343
3180:
3176:
3172:
3167:
3166:
3145:
3141:
3135:
3119:
3115:
3109:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3078:
3071:
3066:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3028:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2990:
2983:. p. 27.
2982:
2981:
2973:
2967:, p. 31.
2966:
2961:
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2759:
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2744:
2740:
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2713:
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2681:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2650:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2620:
2618:
2610:
2605:
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2560:BYTE magazine
2554:
2548:, p. 29.
2547:
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2136:0-7356-1917-4
2132:
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2112:
2106:
2099:
2094:
2092:
2085:, p. 24.
2084:
2079:
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2059:
2053:
2049:
2032:
2030:
2025:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2002:Rhapsody 5.6
1998:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1985:Rhapsody 5.5
1984:
1981:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1963:
1961:Rhapsody 5.4
1960:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1939:Rhapsody 5.3
1938:
1935:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1904:Rhapsody 5.1
1901:May 14, 1998
1897:
1894:
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1887:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1868:Rhapsody 5.0
1864:
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1537:Walt Mossberg
1533:
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1514:
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1502:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1477:BYTE magazine
1473:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1455:
1454:Open Firmware
1451:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1424:
1414:
1408:
1405:This section
1403:
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1279:
1266:
1260:
1259:non-reentrant
1250:
1248:
1243:
1241:
1240:Avie Tevanian
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1211:
1208:
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1202:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1176:Media Layer,
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1138:
1129:
1126:
1115:
1113:
1112:BYTE magazine
1109:
1105:
1100:
1099:local network
1089:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
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922:
918:
917:Aaron Copland
914:
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671:
669:
668:Image Capture
666:
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409:
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397:
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389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
373:Monterey (12)
371:
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366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
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346:
344:
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336:
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331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
298:Jaguar (10.2)
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
270:
264:
263:
256:
255:List of games
253:
251:
248:
246:
245:Built-in apps
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
222:
216:
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212:
209:
208:
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196:
193:
189:
185:
183:
179:
176:
172:
168:
165:
163:Influenced by
161:
158:
155:
151:
148:
147:Hybrid kernel
145:
142:
138:
135:
131:
128:
124:
110:
108:
104:
101:
100:Closed source
98:
94:
90:
88:Working state
86:
80:
76:
73:
71:
68:
66:
63:
62:
60:
56:
53:
50:
48:
44:
40:movie playing
39:
33:
28:
16:
5486:
5474:
5465:
5445:
5428:
5421:
5414:
5407:
5400:
5393:
5386:
5379:
5372:
5331:
5319:
5310:
5298:
5291:
5257:
5239:
5232:
5218:
5201:
5184:
5173:
5172:
5107:
5095:
5088:
5081:
5074:
5003:
4992:
4991:
4946:Architecture
4880:
4475:TV Software
4288:10.4 (Tiger)
4260:
4204:10.14 Mojave
4149:10.5 Leopard
4139:10.3 Panther
4088:
3637:15 (Sequoia)
3627:13 (Ventura)
3617:11 (Big Sur)
3557:10.4 (Tiger)
3504:
3237:
3217:
3193:
3170:
3163:Bibliography
3148:. Retrieved
3134:
3122:. Retrieved
3108:
3098:December 15,
3096:. Retrieved
3087:
3077:
3065:
3053:. Retrieved
3036:
3027:
3015:. Retrieved
2998:
2989:
2978:
2972:
2945:. Retrieved
2937:The Register
2936:
2926:
2914:. Retrieved
2905:
2895:
2883:. Retrieved
2875:Ars Technica
2874:
2864:
2852:. Retrieved
2843:
2816:. Retrieved
2807:
2797:
2785:. Retrieved
2776:
2766:
2757:
2751:
2738:
2729:
2720:
2699:. Retrieved
2690:
2680:
2668:. Retrieved
2659:
2649:
2637:. Retrieved
2628:
2587:. Retrieved
2578:
2568:
2559:
2553:
2520:
2508:
2466:. Retrieved
2457:
2433:
2401:
2359:. Retrieved
2342:
2298:
2286:. Retrieved
2277:
2246:. Retrieved
2237:
2198:February 15,
2196:. Retrieved
2192:the original
2187:
2178:
2166:. Retrieved
2157:
2124:
2111:Cutler, Dave
2105:
2078:
2066:. Retrieved
2052:
1976:
1975:
1952:
1951:
1917:
1885:
1882:(Intel x86)
1821:
1817:
1777:
1734:
1731:
1720:
1709:
1702:web server.
1681:
1676:The Register
1674:
1668:
1632:
1628:
1620:Michael Dell
1617:
1607:
1597:
1595:
1550:
1534:
1526:
1494:
1485:command line
1476:
1474:
1469:
1447:
1431:
1418:
1406:
1375:
1363:
1358:
1356:
1341:
1317:
1297:
1286:
1267:
1256:
1244:
1217:
1209:
1194:
1182:Apple events
1143:
1132:Architecture
1125:Motorola 68k
1121:
1111:
1095:
1071:
1053:, the first
1051:WorldWideWeb
1047:office suite
1027:
1011:
1008:Announcement
958:
937:), Allegro (
924:
906:
899:
863:-originated
846:
801:
800:
755:
648:Disk Utility
575:Time Machine
400:Applications
388:Sequoia (15)
378:Ventura (13)
368:Big Sur (11)
308:Tiger (10.4)
272:
240:Architecture
96:Source model
15:
5409:MKS Toolkit
5220:OpenSolaris
4308:TV Software
4273:10.1 (Puma)
4219:12 Monterey
4134:10.2 Jaguar
4129:10.1 (Puma)
4119:Public Beta
3773:iPhone OS 1
3757:derivatives
3632:14 (Sonoma)
3572:10.7 (Lion)
3542:10.1 (Puma)
3510:Public Beta
3055:February 5,
3017:February 5,
2916:February 2,
2885:February 5,
2854:February 5,
2818:February 5,
2787:October 29,
2735:Amelio, Gil
2670:February 5,
2579:ITPro Today
2525:Feiler 1997
2513:Feiler 1997
2501:Feiler 1997
2468:February 5,
2379:Feiler 1997
2361:February 5,
2320:Feiler 1997
2303:Feiler 1997
2288:February 6,
2248:February 5,
2168:February 5,
1886:weeks later
1764:Apple Watch
1748:Objective-C
1746:), and the
1716:open source
1648:AppleScript
1602:David Pogue
1562:fiscal year
1513:column view
1497:Platinum UI
1458:⇪ Caps Lock
1368:framework.
1282:BSD sockets
1247:Jeff Robbin
1170:AppleScript
1104:Wall Street
1055:web browser
881:AppleSearch
663:Help Viewer
518:Photo Booth
466:Game Center
383:Sonoma (14)
323:Lion (10.7)
293:Puma (10.1)
191:Preceded by
5504:Categories
5430:PWS/VSE-AF
5327:SerenityOS
5234:Tru64 UNIX
5209:OpenServer
4961:Philosophy
4951:Filesystem
4834:PureDarwin
4829:OpenDarwin
4358:iPhone OS
4256:1.0 (Hera)
4234:15 Sequoia
4224:13 Ventura
4214:11 Big Sur
4144:10.4 Tiger
2965:Singh 2006
2546:Singh 2006
2486:Singh 2006
2216:Singh 2006
2083:Singh 2006
2044:References
2010:Medusa1E3
1835:Code name
1766:, and the
1692:WebObjects
1664:Dave Winer
1660:Macromedia
1640:Carbon API
1600:columnist
1591:Retrospect
1586:Bill Gates
1554:SEC filing
1548:computer.
1546:Windows NT
1542:Windows 95
1503:, and has
1436:and Intel
1325:Foundation
1314:Yellow Box
1232:Jaz drives
1205:PostScript
1162:WebObjects
1067:WebObjects
1030:Steve Jobs
986:Gil Amelio
973:multi-user
965:Windows NT
953:See also:
939:Mac OS 8.5
933:), Tempo (
931:Mac OS 7.6
891:Background
853:Windows NT
818:Mach-based
451:DVD Player
446:Dictionary
421:Calculator
153:Influenced
5265:Domain/OS
4981:Operating
4928:Unix-like
4820:Non-Apple
4229:14 Sonoma
4159:10.7 Lion
4115:Mac OS X
3964:Newton OS
3715:Star Trek
3708:Cancelled
3391:Apple III
3374:Apple DOS
3221:. Crown.
3045:0099-9660
3007:0099-9660
2947:March 25,
2701:March 29,
2639:March 29,
2589:March 29,
2351:0099-9660
2188:Apple.com
1996:Pele1Q10
1895:Titan1T7
1876:Grail1Z4
1857:Grail1Z1
1838:Platform
1698:, and an
1656:Microsoft
1644:QuickTime
1566:net sales
1523:Reception
1462:AppleTalk
1421:June 2023
1413:talk page
1263:MacOS.app
1201:QuickDraw
1178:ColorSync
1174:QuickTime
1063:eCommerce
1038:libraries
992:, NeXT's
978:Macintosh
902:codenames
877:QuickTime
723:VoiceOver
673:Installer
653:Font Book
618:ColorSync
587:Utilities
543:Reminders
538:QuickTime
488:Launchpad
441:Dashboard
411:Automator
406:App Store
126:Platforms
70:Unix-like
65:Macintosh
58:OS family
47:Developer
38:QuickTime
5476:Category
5423:P.I.P.S.
5259:Coherent
5241:UnixWare
5175:System V
5128:ChromeOS
5083:NeXTSTEP
5068:bridgeOS
4966:Security
4692:bridgeOS
4261:Rhapsody
4246:Mac OS X
4089:Rhapsody
4077:OpenStep
4072:NeXTSTEP
3994:Category
3944:bridgeOS
3929:visionOS
3737:Vanguard
3730:Nukernel
3720:Taligent
3533:Desktop
3505:Rhapsody
3500:OpenStep
3495:NeXTSTEP
3472:Mac OS 9
3467:Mac OS 8
3462:System 7
3457:System 6
3452:System 5
3442:System 1
3413:MacWorks
3369:Apple II
3353:Apple II
3144:Archived
3118:Archived
3092:Archived
3088:Macworld
3049:Archived
3011:Archived
2980:Macworld
2941:Archived
2910:Archived
2879:Archived
2848:Archived
2812:Archived
2781:Archived
2758:Macworld
2721:Macworld
2695:Archived
2664:Archived
2633:Archived
2583:Archived
2462:Archived
2402:Macworld
2355:Archived
2282:Archived
2242:Archived
2162:Archived
2121:(eds.),
2062:Archived
1974:Loki2G1
1950:Loki1A2
1933:PowerPC
1930:Hera1O9
1909:Titan1U
1898:PowerPC
1832:Version
1768:Apple TV
1635:Mac OS X
1614:Strategy
1598:Macworld
1505:OPENSTEP
1253:Blue Box
1158:OpenStep
1020:(WWDC).
994:NeXTSTEP
943:Mac OS 9
935:Mac OS 8
907:Rhapsody
869:Mac OS 8
857:OPENSTEP
834:Mac OS X
826:NEXTSTEP
822:OPENSTEP
802:Rhapsody
756:Rhapsody
751:NeXTSTEP
713:Terminal
570:TextEdit
565:Stickies
560:Sherlock
523:Podcasts
498:Messages
456:FaceTime
436:Contacts
426:Calendar
267:Versions
219:Features
167:NeXTSTEP
91:Historic
79:NeXTSTEP
25:Rhapsody
5488:Commons
5466:Italics
5395:MachTen
5388:Interix
5368:Darling
5339:more...
5226:Illumos
5214:Solaris
5148:Red Hat
5118:Android
5063:watchOS
5048:audioOS
5021:OpenBSD
5011:FreeBSD
4983:systems
4956:History
4881:Italics
4723:audioOS
4616:watchOS
4565:audioOS
4082:GNUstep
4049:History
4038:derived
3939:audioOS
3934:watchOS
3725:Copland
3694:MkLinux
3667:Shipped
3490:History
3408:Lisa OS
2906:DaveNet
2691:TidBITS
1861:PowerPC
1845:OS name
1604:wrote:
1434:PowerPC
1359:Concert
1291:due to
1289:PowerPC
1274:↵ Enter
1228:CD-ROMs
1082:PowerPC
998:Solaris
982:Copland
913:Copland
909:(music)
861:Copland
746:Copland
735:Related
623:Console
551: (
533:Preview
481:history
479: (
471:Grapher
225:History
182:License
175:Copland
130:PowerPC
118:1998-05
116: (
5374:Eunice
5363:Cygwin
5355:layers
5282:LynxOS
5158:Ubuntu
5143:Gentoo
5138:Fedora
5133:Debian
5097:Ultrix
5053:iPadOS
5033:Darwin
5016:NetBSD
5005:386BSD
4762:iPadOS
4248:Server
4190:macOS
4034:Darwin
3957:Others
3910:Others
3868:iPadOS
3674:A/ROSE
3644:Server
3520:Darwin
3379:ProDOS
3244:
3225:
3204:
3181:
3150:May 3,
3124:May 3,
3043:
3005:
2629:ARNnet
2349:
2133:
2068:May 3,
1792:
1788:
1782:MB of
1780:
1762:, the
1758:, the
1756:iPhone
1727:builds
1712:Darwin
1706:Legacy
1700:Apache
1694:, the
1582:Office
1511:, and
1501:Finder
1466:Finder
1350:, and
1214:Kernel
1150:4.4BSD
961:Mac OS
896:Naming
804:is an
761:Darwin
548:Safari
528:Photos
476:iTunes
461:Finder
141:Kernel
5520:MacOS
5333:Xenix
5300:OSF/1
5287:Minix
5251:Other
5197:HP-UX
5109:Linux
5090:SunOS
5076:DYNIX
5038:macOS
4971:Shell
4500:tvOS
4165:OS X
4104:macOS
3788:iOS 4
3516:Core
3482:macOS
3384:GS/OS
3345:Apple
2020:Notes
1880:IA-32
1841:Date
1744:Xcode
1740:Cocoa
1714:, an
1652:Adobe
1509:Shelf
1366:Cocoa
1270:⌘ Cmd
1078:Win32
508:Notes
503:Music
431:Chess
416:Books
211:macOS
157:macOS
134:IA-32
5416:PASE
5275:Hurd
5203:IRIX
5186:A/UX
5153:SUSE
5123:Arch
5058:tvOS
4933:and
4926:and
4924:Unix
4573:13.4
4464:tvOS
4378:iOS
4067:Mach
4057:Unix
3985:List
3917:tvOS
3679:A/UX
3403:Lisa
3361:Lisa
3242:ISBN
3223:ISBN
3202:ISBN
3179:ISBN
3152:2009
3126:2009
3100:2022
3057:2023
3041:ISSN
3019:2023
3003:ISSN
2949:2023
2918:2010
2887:2023
2856:2023
2820:2023
2789:2021
2777:CNET
2703:2023
2672:2023
2641:2023
2591:2023
2470:2023
2435:BYTE
2363:2023
2347:ISSN
2290:2023
2250:2023
2200:2015
2170:2023
2131:ISBN
2070:2009
2036:4.0.
1988:0.3
1966:0.2
1942:0.1
1808:8600
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