330:
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33:
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1109:
Kodama, Koichiro; Fukuzawa, Seketsu; Nakayama, Hiroshi; Sakamoto, Kensaku; Kigawa, Takanori; Yabuki, Takashi; Matsuda, Natsuko; Shirouzu, Mikako; Takio, Koji; Yokoyama, Shigeyuki; Tachibana, Kazuo (2007). "Site-Specific
Functionalization of Proteins by Organopalladium Reactions".
539:
Heck retired from the
University of Delaware in 1989, where he became the Willis F. Harrington Professor Emeritus in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. Its annual lectureship was named in his honor in 2004. In 2005, he was awarded the
433:
Heck's contributions were not limited to the activation of halides by the oxidative addition of palladium. He was the first to fully characterize a π-allyl metal complex, and the first to elucidate the mechanism of alkene
1047:
Johansson
Seechurn, Carin C. C.; Kitching, Matthew O.; Colacot, Thomas J.; Snieckus, Victor (2012). "Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling: A Historical Contextual Perspective to the 2010 Nobel Prize".
1204:
Sonogashira, Kenkichi; Tohda, Yasuo; Hagihara, Nobue (1975). "A convenient synthesis of acetylenes: Catalytic substitutions of acetylenic hydrogen with bromoalkenes, iodoarenes and bromopyridines".
422:
Heck reactions, covered 377 pages. These reactions, a small part of the total, couple two parts of the same molecule. The reaction is now one of the most widely used methods for the creation of
1358:
401:
During the early 1970s, Tsutomu
Mizoroki independently reported the use of the less toxic aryl halides as the coupling partner in the reaction. Heck became a professor of chemistry at the
1381:
405:'s Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry in 1971, where he continued to improve the transformation, developing it into a powerful synthetic method for organic synthesis.
548:
Award for creative research in synthetic methods. On
October 6, 2010, the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences awarded Heck the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which he shared with
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Of the several reactions developed by Heck, the greatest societal impact has been from the palladium-catalyzed coupling of an alkyne with an aryl
3209:
408:
The importance of this reaction grew as it was taken up by others in the organic synthesis community. In 1982, Heck was able to write an
843:
Heck, R. F.; Nolley, J. P. (1972). "Palladium-catalyzed vinylic hydrogen substitution reactions with aryl, benzyl, and styryl halides".
527:; the reaction also allows biologically important proteins to be tracked. In Sonogashira's original report of what is now known as the
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430:. It has been subject to numerous scientific review articles, including a monograph dedicated to this subject published in 2009.
544:
Award, which recognizes creative applications of chemistry that have had substantial commercial impact. He was awarded the 2006
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1527:
504:. These palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions are now widely practiced in organic synthesis, including for the manufacture of
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chapter that covered all the known instances in just 45 pages. By 2002, applications had grown to the extent that the
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1023:
870:
Beletskaya, Irina P.; Cheprakov, Andrei V. (2000). "The Heck
Reaction as a Sharpening Stone of Palladium Catalysis".
782:
Heck, Richard F. (1968). "Acylation, methylation, and carboxyalkylation of olefins by Group VIII metal derivatives".
361:
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224:(August 15, 1931 – October 9, 2015) was an American chemist noted for the discovery and development of the
531:, his group modified an alkyne coupling procedure previously reported by Heck, by adding a copper(I) salt.
3576:
646:
519:. This is the reaction that was used to couple fluorescent dyes to DNA bases, allowing the automation of
1862:
286:
61:
755:
Heck, Richard F.; Breslow, David S. (1961). "The
Reaction of Cobalt Hydrotetracarbonyl with Olefins".
3479:
3276:
3096:
2984:
1975:
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1155:"Fast and Sequence-Specific Palladium-Mediated Cross-Coupling Reaction Identified from Phage Display"
341:
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2580:
2070:
1967:
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369:
266:
139:
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2469:
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1951:
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329:
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1811:
1496:
561:
557:
553:
402:
353:
274:
179:
167:
134:
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556:"for palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis". In 2011, Heck was awarded the
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1963:
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Mc
Cartney, Dennis; Guiry, Patrick J. (2011). "The asymmetric Heck and related reactions".
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as a catalyst. This work was published in a series of seven consecutive articles in the
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Harrington, Peter J.; Lodewijk, Eric (1997). "Twenty Years of
Naproxen Technology".
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456:-catalyzed coupling reactions, including those of aryl halides with derivatives of
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is an example of a compound that is prepared industrially using the Heck reaction.
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1991:
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after retirement, with his wife, Socorro Nardo-Heck. The couple had no children.
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1716:
1611:
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1386:
520:
1465:"Make Life Simple" Through Chemistry, Nobel Laureate Dr. Richard Heck's Goal""
940:
Heck, Richard F. (1982). "Palladium-Catalyzed
Vinylation of Organic Halides".
384:, which began with his investigation during the late 1960s of the coupling of
192:
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1983:
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385:
381:
360:, and Richard Heck, Nobel Prize Laureates 2010, at a press conference at the
333:
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in 1931. He moved to Los Angeles when eight years old and later attended the
225:
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171:
116:
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377:
1501:
1382:"Richard F. Heck, Chemist Who Revolutionized Drug Development, Dies at 84"
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577:
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243:
856:
828:
811:
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301:
on the chemistry of aryl sulfonates. After postdoctoral research at the
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2003:
1999:
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918:
489:
349:
302:
175:
1171:
1095:
883:
32:
2317:
1943:
725:
Heck, Richard F.; Breslow, David S. (1960). "Allylcobalt Carbonyls".
465:
453:
389:
229:
157:
695:
Negishi, Ei-Ichi (1999). "A profile of Professor Richard F. Heck".
509:
501:
251:
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595:
Heck received honorary doctorates from the Faculty of Pharmacy at
297:
in 1952 and then a Ph.D. in 1954 working under the supervision of
1344:"US scientist residing in Philippines wins 2010 chemistry Nobel"
584:
565:
516:
481:
247:
186:
81:
3405:
1153:
Lim, Reyna K. V.; Li, Nan; Ramil, Carlo P.; Lin, Qing (2014).
1108:
1542:
812:"Arylation of Olefin with Aryl Iodide Catalyzed by Palladium"
1492:
1232:"Richard Heck, professor emeritus and Nobel laureate, dies"
587:
in a public hospital. His wife predeceased him by 2 years.
193:
Methoxyl and aryl groups in substitution and rearrangement
3208:
1410:"Nobel laureate chemist Richard Heck, 84, dies in Manila"
441:
1203:
973:
Link, J. T. (2002). "The Intramolecular Heck Reaction".
313:, and then back at UCLA, Heck took a position with the
810:
Mizoroki, Tsutomu; Mori, Kunio; Ozaki, Atsumu (1971).
869:
1379:
1081:
1289:. Nobelprize.org. October 7, 2010. Archived from
809:
452:Heck's work set the stage for a variety of other
321:in 1956, working initially on polymer chemistry.
3660:
3522:1967: United Poets Laureate International (UPLI)
1279:
904:
2942:
1313:"BBC News – Molecule building work wins Nobel"
380:reactions. This led to the development of the
3194:
2928:
1528:
1440:"Honorary Doctors of the Faculty of Pharmacy"
1152:
572:in its chemistry department. He had moved to
3729:University of California, Los Angeles alumni
1270:(6): 34–38. February 6, 2006. Archived from
599:in 2011 and De La Salle University in 2012.
560:for this work. In 2012, he was appointed by
368:At Hercules, Heck soon became interested in
754:
724:
280:
3719:Scientists from Springfield, Massachusetts
3368:
3201:
3187:
2935:
2921:
1535:
1521:
1505:
1084:Organic Process Research & Development
842:
750:
748:
720:
718:
671:"Nobel Prize winner is Springfield native"
31:
1408:Francisco, Rosemarie (October 10, 2015).
1407:
1359:"He's the only Nobel winner living in RP"
1180:
1170:
1005:
827:
816:Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan
800:and six further articles, pages 5526–5548
690:
688:
686:
3699:Academic staff of De La Salle University
1493:Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
784:Journal of the American Chemical Society
757:Journal of the American Chemical Society
727:Journal of the American Chemical Society
668:
418:chapter published that year, limited to
395:Journal of the American Chemical Society
328:
3689:American expatriates in the Philippines
3223:
1380:Nicholas St. Fleur (October 15, 2015).
1342:Suarez, Larissa Mae (October 7, 2010).
1049:Angewandte Chemie International Edition
745:
715:
694:
641:
639:
534:
3661:
1341:
683:
448:Palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions
442:Palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions
259:palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions
3210:Filipino Nobel laureates and nominees
3182:
2916:
1516:
1356:
291:University of California, Los Angeles
1197:
972:
939:
781:
669:Finucane, Martin (October 6, 2010).
636:
398:for which Heck was the sole author.
269:, shared with the Japanese chemists
3043:(Russia/Netherlands/United Kingdom)
1250:
697:Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
651:, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
590:
13:
14:
3745:
1486:
1319:. October 6, 2010. Archived from
1258:"2006 ACS National Award Winners"
583:Heck died on October 9, 2015, in
362:Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
3410:
3404:
1765:
845:The Journal of Organic Chemistry
1457:
1432:
1401:
1373:
1350:
1335:
1305:
1224:
1146:
1102:
1075:
1040:
1006:Oestreich, Martin, ed. (2009).
999:
966:
933:
898:
3724:University of Delaware faculty
3684:21st-century American chemists
3679:20th-century American chemists
863:
836:
803:
775:
662:
126:Socorro Nardo-Heck (died 2012)
1:
1287:"Richard F. Heck – Interview"
1218:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)91094-3
709:10.1016/S0022-328X(98)01136-X
629:
388:compounds with olefins using
3704:Nobel laureates in Chemistry
648:Press release 6 October 2010
265:, Heck was awarded the 2010
16:American chemist (1931–2015)
7:
3734:Chemists from Massachusetts
983:10.1002/0471264180.or060.02
950:10.1002/0471264180.or027.02
602:
523:and the examination of the
496:), as well as with amines (
10:
3750:
1008:The Mizoroki-Heck Reaction
498:Buchwald–Hartwig amination
445:
287:Springfield, Massachusetts
3714:People from Massachusetts
3709:American organic chemists
3629:
3607:
3507:
3478:
3455:
3433:
3426:
3419:
3402:
3377:
3342:
3320:
3297:
3275:
3252:
3230:
3216:
3106:
3097:Christopher A. Pissarides
3075:
3056:
3031:
3007:
2983:
2952:
2571:
2272:
2013:
1774:
1763:
1554:
342:Christopher A. Pissarides
324:
215:
203:
185:
163:
153:
146:
130:
122:
112:
97:
89:
70:
42:
30:
23:
3694:American Nobel laureates
2689:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
1968:Wendell Meredith Stanley
1548:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
907:Chemical Society Reviews
370:organometallic chemistry
281:Early life and education
267:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
140:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
3099:(Cyprus/United Kingdom)
3049:(Russia/United Kingdom)
462:Suzuki–Miyaura coupling
3112:Nobel Prize recipients
3058:Physiology or Medicine
2853:Emmanuelle Charpentier
2841:M. Stanley Whittingham
1812:Hans von Euler-Chelpin
1497:University of Delaware
1124:10.1002/cbic.200600432
1061:10.1002/anie.201107017
562:De La Salle University
558:Glenn T. Seaborg Medal
478:Kumada-Corriu coupling
403:University of Delaware
372:, including work with
365:
222:Richard Frederick Heck
180:De La Salle University
168:University of Delaware
135:Glenn T. Seaborg Medal
47:Richard Frederick Heck
3595:Victoria Tauli-Corpuz
2223:Christian B. Anfinsen
1863:Frédéric Joliot-Curie
332:
64:, Massachusetts, U.S.
3638:1929: Otto Schöbl /
3427:by first nominations
3047:Konstantin Novoselov
2885:Karl Barry Sharpless
2382:Dudley R. Herschbach
2207:Luis Federico Leloir
1369:on October 10, 2010.
1159:ACS Chemical Biology
977:. pp. 157–561.
944:. pp. 345–390.
624:Kenkichi Sonogashira
542:Wallace H. Carothers
535:Later life and death
529:Sonogashira coupling
506:pharmaceutical drugs
426:in the synthesis of
346:Konstantin Novoselov
319:Wilmington, Delaware
315:Hercules Corporation
2877:Carolyn R. Bertozzi
2789:Jean-Pierre Sauvage
2526:Jens Christian Skou
2494:F. Sherwood Rowland
2406:Charles J. Pedersen
2370:Herbert A. Hauptman
2063:Vincent du Vigneaud
1680:Richard Willstätter
1564:Jacobus van 't Hoff
1293:on October 14, 2010
1206:Tetrahedron Letters
857:10.1021/jo00979a024
829:10.1246/bcsj.44.581
796:10.1021/ja01022a034
769:10.1021/ja01480a017
739:10.1021/ja01488a067
424:carbon-carbon bonds
307:Zurich, Switzerland
2998:Mario Vargas Llosa
2837:John B. Goodenough
2765:William E. Moerner
2645:Richard R. Schrock
2617:Roderick MacKinnon
2589:K. Barry Sharpless
2414:Johann Deisenhofer
2243:Geoffrey Wilkinson
2239:Ernst Otto Fischer
2163:Robert S. Mulliken
2099:Jaroslav HeyrovskĂ˝
2047:Hermann Staudinger
1867:Irène Joliot-Curie
1504:on Nobelprize.org
1357:Quismundo, Tarra.
1323:on October 7, 2010
1274:on August 6, 2007.
1238:. October 10, 2015
1018:. pp. 1–608.
1014:, United Kingdom:
919:10.1039/C1CS15101K
597:Uppsala University
366:
293:(UCLA), gaining a
3656:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3625:
3624:
3603:
3602:
3539:Aloysius Schwartz
3503:
3502:
3495:JosĂ© GarcĂa Villa
3474:
3473:
3451:
3450:
3400:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3364:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3338:
3337:
3316:
3315:
3293:
3292:
3271:
3270:
3248:
3247:
3176:
3175:
3091:Dale T. Mortensen
3077:Economic Sciences
3066:Robert G. Edwards
2910:
2909:
2893:Moungi G. Bawendi
2813:Richard Henderson
2657:Roger D. Kornberg
2625:Aaron Ciechanover
2458:Rudolph A. Marcus
2362:Robert Merrifield
2298:Peter D. Mitchell
2071:Cyril Hinshelwood
1832:Friedrich Bergius
1756:Richard Zsigmondy
1672:Theodore Richards
1620:Ernest Rutherford
1212:(50): 4467–4470.
1172:10.1021/cb500443x
1096:10.1021/op960009e
1055:(21): 5062–5085.
975:Organic Reactions
942:Organic Reactions
913:(10): 5122–5150.
884:10.1021/cr9903048
851:(14): 2320–2322.
790:(20): 5518–5526.
763:(19): 4023–4027.
570:adjunct professor
428:organic chemicals
416:Organic Reactions
411:Organic Reactions
338:Dale T. Mortensen
295:bachelor's degree
285:Heck was born in
263:organic synthesis
219:
218:
148:Scientific career
3741:
3627:
3626:
3605:
3604:
3571:PREDA Foundation
3518:Carlos P. Romulo
3505:
3504:
3476:
3475:
3453:
3452:
3431:
3430:
3424:
3423:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3375:
3374:
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3365:
3340:
3339:
3318:
3317:
3295:
3294:
3273:
3272:
3250:
3249:
3228:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3203:
3196:
3189:
3180:
3179:
3114:
3068:(United Kingdom)
2937:
2930:
2923:
2914:
2913:
2903:
2901:Alexei I. Ekimov
2887:
2881:Morten P. Meldal
2871:
2859:
2847:
2831:
2815:
2805:Jacques Dubochet
2799:
2783:
2767:
2751:
2735:
2729:Robert Lefkowitz
2723:
2715:
2699:
2693:Thomas A. Steitz
2683:
2667:
2659:
2651:
2641:Robert H. Grubbs
2635:
2619:
2607:
2591:
2564:
2562:Hideki Shirakawa
2548:
2540:
2528:
2512:
2496:
2480:
2472:
2460:
2452:
2450:Richard R. Ernst
2444:
2436:
2424:
2408:
2392:
2376:
2364:
2356:
2348:
2340:
2328:
2326:Frederick Sanger
2312:
2306:Herbert C. Brown
2300:
2292:
2284:
2282:William Lipscomb
2265:
2253:
2245:
2233:
2217:
2215:Gerhard Herzberg
2209:
2201:
2189:
2181:
2165:
2157:
2149:
2141:
2129:
2117:
2109:
2101:
2093:
2091:Frederick Sanger
2085:
2077:
2075:Nikolay Semyonov
2065:
2057:
2049:
2041:
2029:
2027:Glenn T. Seaborg
2006:
1994:
1986:
1978:
1970:
1954:
1952:Artturi Virtanen
1946:
1938:
1936:George de Hevesy
1930:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1909:
1897:
1889:
1877:
1869:
1857:
1849:
1848:
1842:
1834:
1822:
1814:
1802:
1794:
1792:Heinrich Wieland
1786:
1784:Theodor Svedberg
1769:
1768:
1758:
1750:
1749:
1743:
1735:
1727:
1719:
1711:
1710:
1704:
1696:
1695:
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1688:
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1674:
1666:
1658:
1646:
1638:
1630:
1622:
1614:
1606:
1598:
1596:Adolf von Baeyer
1590:
1582:
1580:Svante Arrhenius
1574:
1566:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1420:on March 5, 2016
1416:. Archived from
1405:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1365:. Archived from
1354:
1348:
1347:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1283:
1277:
1275:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1184:
1174:
1165:(9): 2139–2148.
1150:
1144:
1143:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1003:
997:
996:
970:
964:
963:
937:
931:
930:
902:
896:
895:
878:(8): 3009–3066.
872:Chemical Reviews
867:
861:
860:
840:
834:
833:
831:
807:
801:
799:
779:
773:
772:
752:
743:
742:
722:
713:
712:
692:
681:
680:
666:
660:
659:
658:
656:
643:
591:Honorary degrees
546:Herbert C. Brown
494:Negishi coupling
436:hydroformylation
374:David S. Breslow
257:For his work in
250:. The analgesic
237:organic chemical
205:Doctoral advisor
199:
77:
65:
56:
54:
35:
21:
20:
3749:
3748:
3744:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3739:
3738:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3644:
3640:Proceso Gabriel
3621:
3599:
3577:1000Peace Women
3551:Antonio Fortich
3499:
3470:
3447:
3415:
3411:
3409:
3392:
3388:Richard F. Heck
3356:
3334:
3312:
3289:
3267:
3244:
3212:
3207:
3177:
3172:
3110:
3102:
3093:(United States)
3087:(United States)
3071:
3052:
3027:
3003:
2979:
2968:Ei-ichi Negishi
2964:(United States)
2962:Richard F. Heck
2948:
2941:
2911:
2906:
2890:
2874:
2865:David MacMillan
2862:
2857:Jennifer Doudna
2850:
2834:
2818:
2802:
2793:Fraser Stoddart
2786:
2777:Paul L. Modrich
2770:
2754:
2738:
2726:
2718:
2713:Ei-ichi Negishi
2705:Richard F. Heck
2702:
2686:
2673:Osamu Shimomura
2670:
2662:
2654:
2638:
2622:
2610:
2594:
2581:William Knowles
2578:
2567:
2558:Alan MacDiarmid
2551:
2543:
2531:
2515:
2510:Richard Smalley
2499:
2486:Paul J. Crutzen
2483:
2475:
2463:
2455:
2447:
2439:
2427:
2411:
2402:Jean-Marie Lehn
2395:
2379:
2367:
2359:
2351:
2343:
2331:
2315:
2303:
2295:
2287:
2279:
2268:
2263:Vladimir Prelog
2256:
2248:
2236:
2220:
2212:
2204:
2192:
2184:
2168:
2160:
2155:Robert Woodward
2152:
2147:Dorothy Hodgkin
2144:
2132:
2120:
2112:
2104:
2096:
2088:
2080:
2068:
2060:
2052:
2044:
2032:
2020:
2009:
1997:
1992:William Giauque
1989:
1981:
1976:Robert Robinson
1973:
1960:James B. Sumner
1957:
1949:
1941:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1907:Leopold RuĹľiÄŤka
1903:Adolf Butenandt
1900:
1892:
1880:
1872:
1860:
1852:
1846:
1845:
1840:Irving Langmuir
1837:
1825:
1817:
1805:
1797:
1789:
1781:
1770:
1766:
1761:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1738:
1730:
1725:Frederick Soddy
1722:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1677:
1669:
1661:
1652:Victor Grignard
1649:
1641:
1633:
1628:Wilhelm Ostwald
1625:
1617:
1609:
1601:
1593:
1585:
1577:
1569:
1561:
1550:
1541:
1502:Richard F. Heck
1489:
1484:
1483:
1473:
1471:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1448:
1446:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1423:
1421:
1406:
1402:
1392:
1390:
1378:
1374:
1355:
1351:
1340:
1336:
1326:
1324:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1296:
1294:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1241:
1239:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1202:
1198:
1151:
1147:
1107:
1103:
1080:
1076:
1045:
1041:
1026:
1004:
1000:
993:
971:
967:
960:
938:
934:
903:
899:
868:
864:
841:
837:
808:
804:
780:
776:
753:
746:
723:
716:
703:(1–2): xv–xvi.
693:
684:
667:
663:
654:
652:
645:
644:
637:
632:
614:Ei-ichi Negishi
605:
593:
550:Ei-ichi Negishi
537:
486:Hiyama coupling
474:organomagnesium
470:Stille coupling
450:
444:
358:Ei-ichi Negishi
327:
311:Vladimir Prelog
283:
271:Ei-ichi Negishi
197:
178:
174:
170:
138:
98:Alma mater
85:
79:
75:
74:October 9, 2015
66:
60:
58:
57:August 15, 1931
52:
50:
49:
48:
38:
26:
25:Richard F. Heck
17:
12:
11:
5:
3747:
3737:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3654:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3635:
3633:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3613:
3611:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3597:
3591:
3585:
3579:
3573:
3563:
3557:Fidel V. Ramos
3553:
3547:
3545:Corazon Aquino
3541:
3535:
3529:
3523:
3520:
3513:
3511:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3491:
3484:
3482:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3462:
3460:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3439:
3437:
3428:
3421:
3417:
3416:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3390:
3383:
3381:
3372:
3362:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3348:
3346:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3326:
3324:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3310:
3303:
3301:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3281:
3279:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3265:
3259:
3257:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3236:
3234:
3225:
3218:
3214:
3213:
3206:
3205:
3198:
3191:
3183:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3100:
3094:
3088:
3081:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3062:
3060:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3044:
3037:
3035:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3018:
3016:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3001:
2994:
2992:
2981:
2980:
2978:
2977:
2971:
2965:
2958:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2940:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2917:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2888:
2872:
2860:
2848:
2832:
2825:Gregory Winter
2821:Frances Arnold
2816:
2800:
2784:
2768:
2752:
2745:Michael Levitt
2741:Martin Karplus
2736:
2724:
2716:
2700:
2684:
2681:Roger Y. Tsien
2677:Martin Chalfie
2668:
2660:
2652:
2636:
2620:
2608:
2592:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2554:Alan J. Heeger
2549:
2541:
2529:
2522:John E. Walker
2513:
2497:
2481:
2473:
2461:
2453:
2445:
2437:
2425:
2422:Hartmut Michel
2409:
2398:Donald J. Cram
2393:
2377:
2365:
2357:
2349:
2341:
2338:Roald Hoffmann
2329:
2322:Walter Gilbert
2313:
2301:
2293:
2290:Ilya Prigogine
2285:
2276:
2274:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2259:John Cornforth
2254:
2246:
2234:
2227:Stanford Moore
2218:
2210:
2202:
2190:
2182:
2175:Ronald Norrish
2166:
2158:
2150:
2142:
2130:
2118:
2110:
2102:
2094:
2086:
2083:Alexander Todd
2078:
2066:
2058:
2050:
2042:
2030:
2023:Edwin McMillan
2017:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
1995:
1987:
1979:
1971:
1955:
1947:
1939:
1931:
1924:
1917:
1910:
1898:
1890:
1883:Norman Haworth
1878:
1870:
1858:
1850:
1843:
1835:
1823:
1815:
1803:
1795:
1787:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1751:
1744:
1736:
1728:
1720:
1717:Walther Nernst
1712:
1705:
1697:
1690:
1683:
1675:
1667:
1659:
1647:
1639:
1631:
1623:
1615:
1612:Eduard Buchner
1607:
1599:
1591:
1588:William Ramsay
1583:
1575:
1567:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1551:
1540:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1499:
1488:
1487:External links
1485:
1482:
1481:
1456:
1431:
1400:
1387:New York Times
1372:
1349:
1334:
1304:
1278:
1249:
1223:
1196:
1145:
1118:(2): 232–238.
1101:
1074:
1039:
1024:
998:
991:
965:
958:
932:
897:
862:
835:
802:
774:
744:
733:(3): 750–751.
714:
682:
661:
634:
633:
631:
628:
627:
626:
621:
616:
611:
604:
601:
592:
589:
536:
533:
521:DNA sequencing
443:
440:
420:intramolecular
326:
323:
282:
279:
217:
216:
213:
212:
207:
201:
200:
189:
183:
182:
165:
161:
160:
155:
151:
150:
144:
143:
132:
128:
127:
124:
120:
119:
114:
113:Known for
110:
109:
99:
95:
94:
91:
87:
86:
80:
78:(aged 84)
72:
68:
67:
59:
46:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3746:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3641:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3628:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3612:
3610:
3606:
3596:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3584:
3583:Leila de Lima
3580:
3578:
3574:
3572:
3568:
3564:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3552:
3548:
3546:
3542:
3540:
3536:
3534:
3533:Imelda Marcos
3530:
3528:
3527:Marcelo Nubla
3524:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3496:
3492:
3490:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3481:
3477:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3454:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3436:
3432:
3429:
3425:
3422:
3418:
3407:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3367:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3319:
3309:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3296:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3274:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3251:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3226:
3222:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3204:
3199:
3197:
3192:
3190:
3185:
3184:
3181:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3113:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3085:Peter Diamond
3083:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3030:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3010:
3006:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2975:
2972:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2946:
2938:
2933:
2931:
2926:
2924:
2919:
2918:
2915:
2902:
2898:
2897:Louis E. Brus
2894:
2889:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2873:
2870:
2869:Benjamin List
2866:
2861:
2858:
2854:
2849:
2846:
2845:Akira Yoshino
2842:
2838:
2833:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2814:
2810:
2809:Joachim Frank
2806:
2801:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2785:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2773:Tomas Lindahl
2769:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2753:
2750:
2749:Arieh Warshel
2746:
2742:
2737:
2734:
2733:Brian Kobilka
2730:
2725:
2722:
2721:Dan Shechtman
2717:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2701:
2698:
2697:Ada E. Yonath
2694:
2690:
2685:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2669:
2666:
2661:
2658:
2653:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2637:
2634:
2630:
2629:Avram Hershko
2626:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2609:
2606:
2605:Kurt WĂĽthrich
2602:
2601:Koichi Tanaka
2598:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2550:
2547:
2542:
2539:
2535:
2530:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2518:Paul D. Boyer
2514:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2498:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2479:
2474:
2471:
2470:Michael Smith
2467:
2462:
2459:
2454:
2451:
2446:
2443:
2438:
2435:
2431:
2430:Sidney Altman
2426:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2410:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2394:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2366:
2363:
2358:
2355:
2350:
2347:
2342:
2339:
2335:
2334:Kenichi Fukui
2330:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2302:
2299:
2294:
2291:
2286:
2283:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2264:
2260:
2255:
2252:
2247:
2244:
2240:
2235:
2232:
2231:William Stein
2228:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2211:
2208:
2203:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2188:
2183:
2180:
2179:George Porter
2176:
2172:
2171:Manfred Eigen
2167:
2164:
2159:
2156:
2151:
2148:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2119:
2116:
2115:Melvin Calvin
2111:
2108:
2107:Willard Libby
2103:
2100:
2095:
2092:
2087:
2084:
2079:
2076:
2072:
2067:
2064:
2059:
2056:
2055:Linus Pauling
2051:
2048:
2043:
2040:
2039:Richard Synge
2036:
2035:Archer Martin
2031:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2012:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1993:
1988:
1985:
1984:Arne Tiselius
1980:
1977:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1964:John Northrop
1961:
1956:
1953:
1948:
1945:
1940:
1937:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1911:
1908:
1904:
1899:
1896:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1879:
1876:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1856:
1851:
1844:
1841:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1824:
1821:
1816:
1813:
1809:
1808:Arthur Harden
1804:
1801:
1800:Adolf Windaus
1796:
1793:
1788:
1785:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1757:
1752:
1745:
1742:
1737:
1734:
1733:Francis Aston
1729:
1726:
1721:
1718:
1713:
1706:
1703:
1698:
1691:
1684:
1681:
1676:
1673:
1668:
1665:
1664:Alfred Werner
1660:
1657:
1656:Paul Sabatier
1653:
1648:
1645:
1640:
1637:
1632:
1629:
1624:
1621:
1616:
1613:
1608:
1605:
1604:Henri Moissan
1600:
1597:
1592:
1589:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1573:
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331:
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3239:
3142:
3000:(Peru/Spain)
2974:Akira Suzuki
2961:
2829:George Smith
2709:Akira Suzuki
2704:
2665:Gerhard Ertl
2649:Yves Chauvin
2597:John B. Fenn
2585:Ryoji Noyori
2572:2001–present
2546:Ahmed Zewail
2506:Harold Kroto
2490:Mario Molina
2418:Robert Huber
2390:John Polanyi
2374:Jerome Karle
2310:Georg Wittig
2195:Derek Barton
2187:Lars Onsager
2139:Giulio Natta
2135:Karl Ziegler
2127:John Kendrew
1895:Richard Kuhn
1820:Hans Fischer
1636:Otto Wallach
1572:Emil Fischer
1472:. Retrieved
1468:
1459:
1447:. Retrieved
1443:
1434:
1422:. Retrieved
1418:the original
1413:
1403:
1391:. Retrieved
1385:
1375:
1367:the original
1363:Inquirer.net
1362:
1352:
1337:
1325:. Retrieved
1321:the original
1316:
1307:
1295:. Retrieved
1291:the original
1281:
1272:the original
1267:
1261:
1252:
1240:. Retrieved
1235:
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676:Boston Globe
674:
664:
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647:
619:Akira Suzuki
594:
582:
554:Akira Suzuki
538:
525:human genome
514:
458:boronic acid
451:
432:
415:
409:
407:
400:
393:
378:organocobalt
367:
354:Akira Suzuki
284:
275:Akira Suzuki
256:
244:aryl halides
242:that couple
221:
220:
191:
164:Institutions
147:
76:(2015-10-09)
37:Heck in 2010
18:
3674:2015 deaths
3669:1931 births
3589:Maria Ressa
3567:Shay Cullen
3561:Nur Misuari
3489:Amado Yuzon
3370:Expatriates
3308:Maria Ressa
2945:Nobel Prize
2797:Ben Feringa
2781:Aziz Sancar
2761:Stefan Hell
2757:Eric Betzig
2534:Walter Kohn
2502:Robert Curl
2478:George Olah
2466:Kary Mullis
2442:Elias Corey
2434:Thomas Cech
2386:Yuan T. Lee
2354:Henry Taube
1887:Paul Karrer
1875:Peter Debye
1855:Harold Urey
1741:Fritz Pregl
1702:Fritz Haber
1644:Marie Curie
1393:October 16,
1112:ChemBioChem
578:Philippines
574:Quezon City
490:organozincs
476:compounds (
386:arylmercury
90:Nationality
62:Springfield
3663:Categories
3631:Physiology
3480:Literature
3344:Physiology
3277:Literature
3041:Andre Geim
3022:Liu Xiaobo
2985:Literature
2633:Irwin Rose
2613:Peter Agre
2538:John Pople
2346:Aaron Klug
2251:Paul Flory
2199:Odd Hassel
2123:Max Perutz
2004:Kurt Alder
2000:Otto Diels
1828:Carl Bosch
1424:August 22,
1327:October 6,
1297:October 7,
1242:August 22,
1012:Chichester
992:0471264180
959:0471264180
822:(2): 581.
655:October 6,
630:References
468:reagents (
446:See also:
350:Andre Geim
176:ETH Zurich
53:1931-08-15
3457:Economics
3435:Chemistry
3379:Chemistry
3254:Economics
3232:Chemistry
3217:Laureates
2954:Chemistry
2947:laureates
2318:Paul Berg
2273:1976–2000
2014:1951–1975
1944:Otto Hahn
1775:1926–1950
1555:1901–1925
1544:Laureates
1317:bbc.co.uk
1090:: 72–76.
1034:233173519
466:organotin
454:palladium
390:palladium
240:reactions
230:palladium
158:Chemistry
3420:Nominees
3224:Citizens
1263:C&EN
1236:udel.edu
1191:25025771
1140:46474691
1132:17195252
1069:22573393
927:21677934
892:11749313
603:See also
510:naproxen
508:such as
502:alcohols
252:naproxen
234:catalyze
172:Hercules
93:American
3609:Physics
3322:Physics
3033:Physics
3024:(China)
2976:(Japan)
2970:(Japan)
1546:of the
1495:at the
1474:May 28,
1469:nast.ph
1449:May 28,
1414:Reuters
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488:), and
482:silanes
248:alkenes
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154:Fields
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131:Awards
123:Spouse
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82:Manila
3509:Peace
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273:and
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