868:
683:
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904:" was overwhelmingly Catholic. However, at this critical moment, Tyrconnell fell seriously ill, meaning he was unable to attend the Parliament he had spent so long working towards; he did not return to public life until August. Tyrconnell's absence meant that Parliament rejected his original fairly moderate bill for repealing the Act of Settlement, intended to placate Protestant opinion. To James's dismay, they would not grant him taxes unless he agreed to the far more radical proposal of undoing the Cromwellian settlement entirely.
813:
judges to London with draft land settlement bills; Tyrconnell hoped the second bill in particular, which proposed splitting estates and allowing
Cromwellian grantees to receive the benefit of improvements, would satisfy Protestants. He wrote to James that it would resolve the issue with "as little disturbance as possible to the protestant interest and restore the catholics to no more than what seems absolutely necessary". His plans, however, were to be put on hold after two events turned dissent against James into a crisis.
804:
placed restrictions on
Tyrconnell's power by making him Lord Deputy, rather than Lord Lieutenant, and forced an unwilling Tyrconnell to accept Thomas Sheridan as his Chief Secretary. Nevertheless, Tyrconnell pressed ahead with the appointment of Catholics to most Irish government departments, leaving only the Treasury in Protestant control: by issuing new borough charters he was able to rapidly Catholicise the local administration in preparation for a future sitting of Parliament.
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487:
859:, which were held by Protestant militias. Apparently shaken by the speed of James's fall, he briefly considered opening negotiations with William. He made it known he would consider disbanding the army and resigning if Catholics could be guaranteed their position as it stood at the end of Charles's reign; William seems to have been minded to accept the offer, but Tyrconnell subsequently decided against negotiation.
474:, later described him as a "cunning dissembling courtier turning with every wind to bring about his ambitious ends and purposes". Many 19th and early 20th century historians repeated this view. Recent assessments have suggested a more complex individual whose career was defined by personal loyalty to his patron James and above all by an effort to improve the status of the Irish Catholic gentry, particularly the "
675:
709:, who were hoping to supplant the "Old Royalists" such as Ormond. He remained a divisive figure at court thanks to his imposing presence, domineering manner, and "strong opinions expressed with much swearing". In 1669 he married noted beauty Katherine Baynton, daughter of Colonel Matthew Baynton and Isabel Stapleton. They had two daughters, Katherine and Charlotte; Baynton died in 1679.
796:
returned, James held back, partly as
English Catholics had written to him expressing concern at the effect Tyrconnell's actions might have on Protestant opinion. Clarendon found Tyrconnell's presence in Ireland deeply problematic, writing to his brother "whether my lord Tyrconnell will continue to be so terrible as he is at present nothing but time will determine".
788:. James had already ordered the disbandment of Protestant militias following the Monmouth and Argyll rebellions; with James's approval Tyrconnell now began to accelerate the recruitment of Catholics into the army and by summer 1686, two-thirds of the rank and file and 40% of officers were Catholic. Reports received by the Viceroy, the
702:
previously forfeited estates, but his clients also included James and other court figures. After 1663 he lobbied for
Catholic landowners hoping to get their cases included in a further Act. In the process he again clashed with Ormond, now Viceroy in Ireland; their argument ended with Charles sending Talbot to the Tower for a month.
639:, with Cromwell himself present for part of the time. Cromwell allegedly claimed a family link with Talbot and asked why he wanted to kill a man who had "never prejudiced him in his life"; Talbot's brother Peter, recalling the story, said that "nothing made me laugh more". Talbot was threatened with torture and moved to the
760:, an alleged plan by dissident Protestants and former Cromwellians to assassinate Charles and James. Charles issued a Royal Warrant confirming Talbot could live in Ireland, keep horses and arms, and travel freely; his prospects improved rapidly with James back in the ascendant at court and confirmed as heir to the throne.
812:
Now in his 50s, James had no male children and his daughters were
Protestant. Tyrconnell's main concern had been to build a Catholic establishment secure enough to survive James's death, but his reforms had been carried out at a speed that destabilised all of James's realms. In early 1688 he sent two
795:
Despite some resistance from James, Tyrconnell resumed efforts to improve Irish
Catholics' legal status. In 1686 he got Catholics admitted to the Privy Council and one Catholic judge appointed to each of the three common law courts. When he reopened the question of whether Catholic estates should be
712:
In
February 1669 Ormond was dismissed and Charles began to relax restrictions on Catholics; around the same time, James himself secretly converted. In 1670 Talbot, presenting himself as the "agent general" for Irish Catholics, asked for the land question to be reopened: his initiative appeared to be
1054:
Recent historians have more sympathetically assessed Talbot as pursuing a realistic and attainable plan to return the Irish establishment to
Catholic control, while his admitted vices are seen as reflecting the court circles in which he operated. His biographer Lenihan has written that while Talbot
1039:
Talbot made many enemies in his own lifetime; leaving little in the way of correspondence, for many years historians were compelled to rely on the letters of political adversaries such as Ormond or
Clarendon. This led to an overwhelmingly negative assessment of his career and to his portrayal as "a
989:. In June he joined the army at Athlone, but he was treated with "undisguised contempt" and his views on the town's defence ignored. Rather than risk splitting the army he returned to Limerick, thereby avoiding responsibility for the loss of Athlone on 30 June or the catastrophic Jacobite defeat at
803:
in 1687, replacing
Clarendon. James had no wish to alienate Irish Protestants and made it clear Tyrconnell was not to dismiss anyone on grounds of religion; he also vetoed a statutory solution to the land question although indicated he might call an Irish parliament to discuss it in the future. He
938:
William himself, accompanied by thousands of new troops, landed at Carrickfergus on 14 June 1690. Tyrconnell, primarily concerned with preserving the Jacobite army, now argued against defending Dublin: "if I see any reasonable probability of beating the prince of Orange I am not for declining the
965:
It was noted that Tyrconnell, accompanied by a group of Irish lawyers rather than soldiers or weapons, appeared "better prepared to make peace than war". He immediately attempted to reassert his authority as Lord Deputy, particularly over the army. During February a French officer arrived with a
564:
described him as "one of the tallest men in England and possessed of a fine and brilliant exterior". Contemporaries considered him strikingly good-looking; Sheridan, otherwise a critic, remembered him as a "tall, proper, handsome man". He was, however, notoriously quick-tempered, with a habit of
883:
In January Tyrconnell issued warrants for an enormous expansion of the Irish army by 40,000 men, giving commissions to the Catholic gentry to raise new regiments. By spring 1689, the army theoretically stood at around 36,000 although there was little money to pay them and experienced officers
615:
by the Parliamentarians; he survived the wholesale massacre of the defenders by being so badly wounded he was assumed to be dead. He later escaped the town disguised as a woman, possibly with the help of a Parliamentarian officer. Talbot fled Ireland and vanished from records, re-emerging in
701:
rewarded those who had fought for the Royalists by making a partial reversal of the Cromwellian land settlement in Ireland. Talbot began acting as a land agent for clients hoping to acquire estates from ejected Cromwellian grantees; some were Irish Catholic landowners seeking restoration of
768:
Despite his Catholicism, James succeeded to the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland on his brother's death in 1685 with overwhelming support. Many among the political class feared a return to the violence of the Civil War and there was widespread rejoicing at the orderly succession;
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battle, but if I doe not, I confess I am not for venturing the loss of all to preserve a place which you must lose as soon as the battle is lost". Nevertheless, his cavalry were one of the few Jacobite elements fully engaged in the defeat at the
792:, of tensions between Catholic army units and Protestants began to cause concern both in Ireland and England. Clarendon's secretary noted "the Irish talk of nothing now but recovering their lands and bringing the English under their subjection".
835:
Tyrconnell saw the crisis coming: in August he warned an incredulous James that a coup was being planned in Holland. In September James ordered him to send 2,500 of the Irish army to England, including one battalion of his best troops, the
888:
on 12 March, intending to use Ireland as a base from which to retake England and Scotland. He met Tyrconnell at Cork several days later, creating him Duke of Tyrconnell and Marquess of Tyrconnell (titles recognised only by the
962:. After neutralising from his sickbed an attempt by the "War Party" to discredit him at James's court in exile, he arrived at Galway in January 1691, where many of the increasingly war-weary Irish were glad of his return.
1031:, renamed Talbotstown, was uncompleted when he died. Tyrconnell Tower on this site was originally intended by him as a family mausoleum to replace the existing vault at Old Carton graveyard, but was also left unfinished.
525:
in the 12th century; from the late 16th century, the term "Old English" was often applied to those of Anglo-Norman or Cambro-Norman descent in Ireland. Like most "Old English" families, the Talbots had adhered to the
213:
1318:: "Richard, Earl and Duke of Tyrconnell, who by Patent, dated 20 June 1685, was created Baron of Talbot's town, Viscount of Baltinglas, and Earl of Tyrconnell, with remainder in tail-male for his nephews;
970:, was on his way to take over command from Tyrconnell: a heartened Sarsfield had copies distributed, while Tyrconnell spread a story that the letter was a forgery and that Saint-Ruhe was his subordinate.
632:, but was arrested in England in July after details were leaked to the government. Initially released, he was re-arrested in November after the seizure of another assassin, Colonel James Halsall.
463:, but also considered a peace settlement with William that would preserve Catholic rights. Increasingly incapacitated by illness, he died of a stroke shortly before the Jacobite defeat in 1691.
1967:
717:
led to James's conversion becoming public and with James no longer in a position to back him, Talbot was effectively barred from court for the next ten years. He spent much of the time in
958:
in October, hoping to exert influence on James and the French and gain a better peace settlement by prolonging the war. He set out to return to Ireland in December but again fell sick in
1051:, writing in 1958, described him as a "bogtrotter" who spoke for the "rapacious, ignorant, anarchic forces of Irish Catholicism, at the lowest stage of civilisation in western Europe".
900:, scheduled for May and vital both to raise taxes to fund the war and to make a new Act of Settlement. His work as Viceroy on reforming local corporations meant that the so-called "
647:. It was later suspected that Talbot might have been permitted to escape in exchange for information; nothing was proved but the affair raised suspicions in "Old Royalist" circles.
946:
Tyrconnell emerged as the leader of the Jacobite "Peace Party", which argued in favour of reaching a settlement with William that would preserve Catholic rights. He was opposed by
694:
of Charles as king. He travelled to England, where he was confirmed in the post of Gentleman of the Bedchamber and undertook a variety of diplomatic missions for the Stuart court.
1290:: "His wife died in Dublin in 1679 and before the year was out he married in Paris his old love Lady Hamilton whose husband had been killed in 1676 leaving her with six children."
847:
and James's flight from England on 24 December, Tyrconnell was faced with a series of challenges in Ireland. Despite his regular appeals to law and order many Protestants fled to
1246:: "His Grace m. firstly Catherine, dau. of Col. Matthew Boynton and had two daus., of whom the elder, Lady Charlotte, m. her cousin Richard Talbot, called Lord Baltinglas ..."
1445:: " was subsequently, 20 March 1689, advanced to the dignity of Marquess and Duke of Tyrconnell by JAMES II, in whose service, as Chief Gov. of Ireland, he d. 14 August 1691."
1102:: "RICHARD TALBOT, 5th or 8th son of Sir William Talbot 1st Bart., of Carton, co. Kildare (d. 16 March 1633), by Alison, da. of John NETTERVILLE, was b. probably about 1625;"
1055:"could have lived uneventfully and comfortably he was driven (and that is not too strong a word) to use his high connections to redress a communal and national grievance".
950:'s "War Party", influential among junior army officers, that advocated fighting on. When in August William was forced to raise the siege of the Jacobite stronghold of
832:
seemed to go beyond tolerance for Catholicism and into an assault on the Anglican establishment; their acquittal on 30 June destroyed James's political authority.
780:
James rewarded Talbot's loyalty by creating him Baron of Talbotstown, Viscount Baltinglass and Earl of Tyrconnell (2nd creation), sending him to Ireland as
931:, the two armies withdrew into winter quarters. Both Tyrconnell and James rejected advice from their French allies to burn Dublin and retreat behind the
1952:
429:, a role that would define the remainder of his career. James converted to Catholicism in the late 1660s, strengthening his association with Talbot.
1947:
745:. His brother Peter was not so lucky: named as a key conspirator, he was arrested early in the Plot hysteria and died in prison in November 1680.
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In 1656 his brother Peter introduced him to James, Duke of York. The two men struck up a close and lifelong friendship: James appointed Talbot a
1641:
643:; that night he spent the last of his money plying Cromwell's servants with wine before climbing down a rope to a waiting boat and escaping to
1927:
1432:
1305:
1086:, p. 29: "Sir William Talbot and his wife had in all sixteen children, eight sons and eight daughters of whom Richard was the youngest."
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forces, the victors slaughtered several thousand of the Irish troops and Talbot was extremely fortunate to be ransomed back to his own side.
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705:
Over the next decade, Talbot used his influence with James to cement his position at court: he began building links with others, like the
565:
throwing his wig onto the ground or into the fire when angry; his reputation for duelling earned him the nickname "Fighting Dick Talbot".
1922:
840:. Tyrconnell reluctantly complied, understanding that Ireland's security was ultimately dependent on that of James's other two kingdoms.
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who became the Catholic archbishop of Dublin. At least three of the eight brothers were entered into religious service on the Continent.
1937:
1277:
444:: he immediately began building a Catholic establishment by admitting Catholics to many administrative, political and judicial posts.
658:, who was doubtful of Talbot's reliability and his Catholicism. Despite Ormond's misgivings, Talbot served with James's regiment in
1004:. By depriving the Jacobites of their most experienced negotiator, his death may have had a substantial impact on the terms of the
1011:
His widow, Frances, and his daughter, Charlotte, remained in France, where Charlotte married her kinsman, Richard Talbot, son of
753:
628:
In 1655 a Royalist agent, Daniel O'Neill, took Talbot to meet Charles II. Talbot volunteered to be part of a plot to assassinate
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Tyrconnell re-established his authority at Limerick by demanding Jacobite officers swear a collective oath; however, he died of
1917:
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Little is recorded of Talbot's upbringing. As an adult he grew to be unusually tall and strong by standards of the time: the
1942:
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on 14 August following a "merry" dinner with Saint-Ruhe's former subordinate d'Usson. He is thought to have been buried in
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or England; Tyrconnell attempted to secure the towns with loyal Catholic army units but initially failed in the north at
837:
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making progress but collapsed in 1673 after Parliament moved to counter Catholic influence at court. The resulting 1673
1957:
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Talbot began acting as agent or representative for Irish Catholics attempting to recover estates confiscated after the
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1564:
The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct, or dormant
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When James took the throne in 1685, Talbot's influence increased. He oversaw a major purge of Protestants from the
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In August 1679 he fled from Ireland to France to avoid being taken into custody for involvement in the alleged
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1972:
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depicted him as a liar and bully, calling him a "cold hearted, farsighted, scheming sycophant", while even
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in 1653, where he served as a captain in the Spanish army alongside other Royalist and Confederate exiles.
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654:. He later put Talbot in command of his own regiment, against the advice of leading Irish Royalist the
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34:
911:'s forces relieved Derry and the Jacobites were forced to withdraw. A large expeditionary force under
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By the time Tyrconnell had recovered, the military situation in the north had worsened. On 28 July,
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1262:: "In March his wife Katherine died, being buried at Christchurch Cathedral, Dublin on the 17th."
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Kelly, James (2015), "Review: Pádraig Lenihan, The Last Cavalier: Richard Talbot (1631–91)",
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Lenihan, Padraig (28 November 2014), "In defence of Fighting, Lying, Mad Richard Talbot",
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A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire
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756:) and married her in 1681. He returned to London following the discovery in 1683 of the
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1770:"Talbot, Richard, first earl of Tyrconnell and Jacobite duke of Tyrconnell (1630–1691)"
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Little Jennings and Fighting Dick Talbot: A Life of the Duke and Duchess of Tyrconnel
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935:: Tyrconnell argued that James should take the fight to England with French support.
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943:, mounting fierce resistance: after the battle, he urged James to leave for France.
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and his wife Alison Netterville; William was a lawyer and the 1st Baronet Talbot of
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494:; Talbot grew up here, later renaming it "Talbotstown" at the peak of his power.
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remained in short supply. Accompanied by French army officers, James landed at
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244:
1901:
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876:
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722:
1804:
The King's Irishmen: The Irish in the Exiled Court of Charles II, 1649-1660
1713:
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1028:
1019:. Tyrconnell's other daughter Katherine became a nun; an illegitimate son,
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636:
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491:
1676:
1575:
Religion, Law, and Power : The Making of Protestant Ireland 1660–1760
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on 10 June created a Catholic heir, excluding James's Protestant daughter
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with his wife's family, later settling on his estate at Luttrellstown,
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875:; by the late 1680s he was increasingly ill, possibly with bouts of
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on 12 July, where Saint-Ruhe and thousands of others were killed.
986:
924:
885:
644:
486:
394:– 14 August 1691) was an Irish politician, courtier and soldier.
1493:"TALBOT, RICHARD EARL and titular DUKE OF TYRCONNEL (1630–1691)"
896:
Tyrconnell was preoccupied with preparations for the sitting of
674:
545:(c.1610–1670), who succeeded his father as the 2nd baronet, and
502:. He was one of sixteen children, the youngest of eight sons of
436:, which had previously barred most Catholics. James created him
1606:
Revolution: The Great Crisis of the British Monarchy, 1685–1720
955:
848:
617:
550:
510:. His mother was a daughter of John Netterville of Castletown,
499:
124:
1503:, vol. 55, London: Smith Elder & Co, pp. 331–336
490:
Early 18th-century view of the now demolished Talbot house at
409:; Talbot became a close and trusted associate. After the 1660
401:. Following a period on the Continent, he joined the court of
1695:
The great Tyrconnel : a chapter in Anglo-Irish relations
856:
1968:
Jacobite military personnel of the Williamite War in Ireland
1353:
1351:
1617:
Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society
981:
Following Saint-Ruhe's arrival Tyrconnell based himself at
769:
Protestant-backed rebellions by Charles's illegitimate son
1567:, vol. 7 (1st ed.), London: George Bell and Sons
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954:, Tyrconnell seemed to be proved wrong; he sailed from
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Talbot's early career was spent as a cavalryman in the
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Between William's landing in Devon in November in the
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Talbot was controversial in his own lifetime; his own
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Tyrconnell's efforts were interrupted by James's 1688
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1023:, served as an officer in France before his death at
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725:, where in 1678 he was planning to lay out a garden.
1615:
Hayes-McCoy, G. A. (1942), "The Battle of Aughrim",
1396:
1065:
1040:
figure midway between a buffoon and a villain". The
1642:"Richard Talbot – the man who didn't kill Cromwell"
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1077:
623:
498:Richard Talbot was born in about 1630, probably in
413:of James's older brother Charles to the thrones of
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1465:
1212:
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728:
1899:
1722:The Revolution of 1688–89: Changing Perspectives
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635:Talbot was questioned at Whitehall by spymaster
1507:
1426:
1668:Dictionary of Irish Biography: Talbot, Richard
1526:(99th ed.), London: Burke's Peerage Ltd.
985:, sending Sarsfield to the strategic town of
927:and threatened to advance on Dublin; after a
1731:The Jacobites: Britain and Europe, 1688–1788
690:Talbot's influence increased after the 1660
530:faith, despite the founding of the Reformed
1820:The Last Cavalier: Richard Talbot (1631–91)
1614:
1414:
678:Katherine and Charlotte, Talbot's daughters
1533:The British Army of William III, 1689–1702
807:
214:Eleanor Talbot, mother of Sir Neil O'Neill
43:
16:Viceroy of Ireland for James II of England
1719:
1508:Bartlett, Thomas; Jeffery, Keith (1997),
1206:
966:letter announcing that a French general,
459:supporter of James during the subsequent
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1767:
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1747:
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1342:
1330:
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686:The Duke of Ormond did not trust Talbot.
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573:Talbot began his military career in the
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1948:Members of the Privy Council of England
1782:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1664:
1656:
1639:
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1378:
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754:Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough
752:, sister of Sarah Jennings (the future
170: 1669; died 1679)
1900:
1822:, Dublin: University of Dublin Press,
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737:Frances Jennings, Talbot's second wife
379:Richard Talbot, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell
1953:Peers created by James II (1689–1701)
1627:
1516:
1438:
1402:
1311:
1239:
1928:Peers of Ireland created by James II
871:Talbot in later life, attributed to
662:in 1657 and was present at the 1658
481:
1761:Ireland's Fate: the Boyne and After
1027:in 1702. Talbot's estate in nearby
13:
1923:Marquesses in the Jacobite peerage
1811:
764:Apotheosis: Lord Deputy of Ireland
669:
517:The Talbots were descended from a
478:" community to which he belonged.
14:
1989:
1938:Irish Roman Catholic Confederates
1754:, vol. 1, London: Hutchinson
1630:Irish Economic and Social History
748:In Paris Talbot met his old love
604:In September 1649 he was part of
1501:Dictionary of National Biography
624:Introduction to the Stuart court
1733:. Manchester University Press.
1535:, Manchester University Press,
1015:of Haggardstown; their son was
729:Popish Plot and second marriage
593:; when Preston was defeated at
440:and later made him Viceroy, or
187:
167:
405:, then in exile following the
49:Watercolour after portrait by
1:
1918:Dukes in the Jacobite peerage
1720:Schwoerer, Lois, ed. (1992),
1685:James II: A Study in Kingship
1551:The Williamite War in Ireland
1510:A Military History of Ireland
1481:
1034:
968:Charles Chalmot de Saint-Ruhe
923:. Schomberg marched south to
863:The Williamite War in Ireland
568:
451:by his Protestant son-in-law
388:
336:Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660)
285:
116:
455:. Tyrconnell continued as a
7:
1943:Lords Lieutenant of Ireland
1595:Ireland and the Popish Plot
1443:1957, right column, line 61
1427:Bartlett & Jeffery 1997
1316:1957, right column, line 58
1244:1957, right column, line 64
799:James appointed Tyrconnell
652:Gentleman of the Bedchamber
585:Leinster army as a cavalry
521:family that had settled in
10:
1994:
1784:, vol. 53, New York:
1748:Sergeant, Phillip (1913),
1958:17th-century Irish people
1880:
1875:
1868:
1860:
1851:
1843:
1838:
1818:Lenihan, Pádraig (2014),
1759:Shepherd, Robert (1990),
1640:Lenihan, Padraig (2015),
611:and Confederate garrison
461:Williamite War in Ireland
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353:Williamite War in Ireland
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1963:Younger sons of baronets
1768:Wauchope, Piers (2004),
1692:Petrie, Charles (1972),
1058:
1802:Williams, Mark (2014),
1786:Oxford University Press
1729:Szechi, Daniel (1994).
1698:, Cork: Mercier Press,
1687:, Yale University Press
1665:McGuire, James (2009),
1582:Cullen, Seamus (2014),
1573:Connolly, S.J. (1992),
808:The Glorious Revolution
777:were quickly put down.
579:Irish Rebellion of 1641
1854:Lord Deputy of Ireland
1559:Cokayne, George Edward
1017:Richard Francis Talbot
978:
921:captured Carrickfergus
880:
801:Lord Deputy of Ireland
738:
699:Act of Settlement 1662
687:
679:
495:
442:Lord Deputy of Ireland
399:Irish Confederate Wars
319:Irish Confederate Wars
63:Lord Deputy of Ireland
30:The Earl of Tyrconnell
1847:The Earl of Clarendon
1683:Miller, John (2000),
1677:10.3318/dib.008460.v1
1593:Gibney, John (2009),
1588:, Maynooth Newsletter
1549:Childs, John (2007),
1531:Childs, John (1987),
976:
870:
736:
685:
677:
489:
279:Years of service
86:The Earl of Clarendon
1806:, Boydell and Brewer
1788:, pp. 717–722,
1602:Harris, Tim (2007),
1597:, Palgrave Macmillan
1008:that ended the war.
818:James Francis Edward
613:besieged in Drogheda
541:Other sons included
427:Cromwellian conquest
26:The Right Honourable
1973:Earls of Tyrconnell
1429:, pp. 189–190.
1360:, pp. 235–236.
1302:, pp. 120–121.
1002:St Mary's Cathedral
845:Glorious Revolution
581:. He served in the
403:James, Duke of York
358:Battle of the Boyne
346:Battle of the Dunes
240:Confederate Ireland
1883:Earl of Tyrconnell
1870:Peerage of Ireland
1839:Political offices
1006:Treaty of Limerick
979:
902:Patriot Parliament
881:
828:. Prosecuting the
782:commander in chief
739:
688:
680:
577:that followed the
496:
438:Earl of Tyrconnell
305:Lieutenant general
255:Kingdom of Ireland
250:Royalists in exile
220:(illegitimate son)
1896:
1895:
1861:Succeeded by
1393:, pp. 42–44.
1288:332, right column
1274:, pp. 32–33.
948:Patrick Sarsfield
929:lengthy stalemate
826:William of Orange
790:Earl of Clarendon
532:Church of Ireland
482:Birth and origins
453:William of Orange
407:English Civil War
376:
375:
157:Katherine Baynton
139:(aged 60–61)
1985:
1844:Preceded by
1836:
1835:
1832:
1807:
1798:
1764:
1755:
1744:
1725:
1716:
1688:
1679:
1671:, Cambridge UP,
1661:
1653:
1636:
1624:
1611:
1609:
1598:
1589:
1585:Tyrconnell Tower
1578:
1568:
1554:
1545:
1527:
1513:
1504:
1489:Bagwell, Richard
1475:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1446:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1418:
1415:Hayes-McCoy 1942
1412:
1406:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1376:
1361:
1355:
1346:
1340:
1334:
1328:
1319:
1309:
1303:
1297:
1291:
1281:
1275:
1269:
1263:
1253:
1247:
1237:
1231:
1225:
1210:
1204:
1195:
1189:
1120:
1114:
1103:
1093:
1087:
1081:
1075:
1069:
977:Tyrconnell Tower
873:François de Troy
824:and her husband
750:Frances Jennings
664:Siege of Dunkirk
562:Count de Gramont
393:
390:
386:
290:
289: 1645–1660
287:
270:
191:
189:
179:Frances Jennings
171:
169:
140:
138:
121:
118:
108:Personal details
94:
82:
73:
47:
37:
21:
20:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1933:Irish Jacobites
1898:
1897:
1886:
1864:
1857:
1849:
1830:
1817:
1814:
1812:Further reading
1796:
1778:Harrison, Brian
1741:
1706:
1659:The Irish Times
1646:History Ireland
1543:
1484:
1479:
1478:
1470:
1466:
1458:
1449:
1437:
1433:
1425:
1421:
1413:
1409:
1401:
1397:
1389:
1385:
1377:
1364:
1356:
1349:
1341:
1337:
1329:
1322:
1310:
1306:
1298:
1294:
1282:
1278:
1270:
1266:
1254:
1250:
1238:
1234:
1226:
1213:
1205:
1198:
1190:
1123:
1115:
1106:
1094:
1090:
1082:
1078:
1070:
1066:
1061:
1037:
865:
810:
766:
731:
672:
670:The Restoration
641:Tower of London
630:Oliver Cromwell
626:
599:Parliamentarian
575:Confederate War
571:
549:(1620–1680), a
484:
472:Thomas Sheridan
468:Chief Secretary
391:
382:
364:
296:
288:
264:
228:Military career
223:
196:
193:
190: 1681)
185:
181:
173:
165:
161:
158:
141:
136:
134:
122:
119:
92:
80:
74:
69:
53:
51:Godfrey Kneller
38:
33:
31:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1991:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1863:Lords Justices
1862:
1859:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1799:
1794:
1774:Matthew, Colin
1765:
1756:
1745:
1739:
1726:
1717:
1704:
1689:
1680:
1662:
1654:
1637:
1625:
1612:
1599:
1590:
1579:
1570:
1555:
1546:
1542:978-0719019876
1541:
1528:
1518:Burke, Bernard
1514:
1512:, Cambridge UP
1505:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1464:
1462:, p. 295.
1447:
1431:
1419:
1407:
1405:, p. 176.
1395:
1383:
1362:
1347:
1335:
1320:
1304:
1292:
1276:
1264:
1248:
1232:
1211:
1209:, p. 238.
1207:Schwoerer 1992
1196:
1121:
1119:, p. 127.
1104:
1088:
1076:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1042:Whig historian
1036:
1033:
1013:William Talbot
864:
861:
809:
806:
775:Earl of Argyll
765:
762:
758:Rye House Plot
730:
727:
707:Earl of Orrery
671:
668:
656:Duke of Ormond
625:
622:
591:Thomas Preston
570:
567:
504:William Talbot
492:Carton Demesne
483:
480:
374:
373:
370:
369:
366:
365:
363:
362:
361:
360:
350:
349:
348:
343:
333:
332:
331:
326:
315:
313:
309:
308:
302:
298:
297:
295:
294:
291:
282:
280:
276:
275:
272:
266:
265:
263:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
236:
234:
230:
229:
225:
224:
222:
221:
211:
204:
202:
198:
197:
195:
194:
183:
177:
176:
174:
163:
159:
156:
155:
152:
150:
146:
145:
135:14 August 1691
132:
128:
127:
114:
110:
109:
105:
104:
101:
100:
98:Lords Justices
95:
89:
88:
83:
77:
76:
66:
65:
59:
58:
55:
54:
48:
40:
39:
32:
29:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1990:
1979:
1978:Talbot family
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1878:
1874:
1871:
1867:
1856:
1855:
1848:
1842:
1837:
1831:
1829:9781906359836
1825:
1821:
1816:
1815:
1805:
1800:
1797:
1795:0-19-861403-9
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1766:
1762:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1746:
1742:
1736:
1732:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1705:0-85342-270-2
1701:
1697:
1696:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1669:
1663:
1660:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1638:
1635:
1631:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1607:
1600:
1596:
1591:
1587:
1586:
1580:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1544:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1485:
1473:
1468:
1461:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1428:
1423:
1416:
1411:
1404:
1399:
1392:
1387:
1380:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1359:
1354:
1352:
1345:, p. 34.
1344:
1343:Connolly 1992
1339:
1333:, p. 33.
1332:
1331:Connolly 1992
1327:
1325:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1301:
1296:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1273:
1268:
1261:
1257:
1256:Sergeant 1913
1252:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1229:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1208:
1203:
1201:
1193:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1118:
1117:Williams 2014
1113:
1111:
1109:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1085:
1080:
1073:
1072:Shepherd 1990
1068:
1064:
1056:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1003:
999:
994:
992:
988:
984:
975:
971:
969:
963:
961:
957:
953:
949:
944:
942:
936:
934:
933:River Shannon
930:
926:
922:
918:
917:Belfast Lough
914:
910:
905:
903:
899:
894:
892:
887:
878:
877:osteomyelitis
874:
869:
860:
858:
854:
850:
846:
841:
839:
833:
831:
830:Seven Bishops
827:
823:
819:
816:The birth of
814:
805:
802:
797:
793:
791:
787:
783:
778:
776:
772:
761:
759:
755:
751:
746:
744:
735:
726:
724:
723:County Dublin
720:
716:
710:
708:
703:
700:
695:
693:
684:
676:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
648:
646:
642:
638:
633:
631:
621:
619:
614:
610:
607:
602:
600:
596:
595:Dungan's Hill
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
566:
563:
559:
554:
552:
548:
544:
539:
537:
533:
529:
524:
520:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
493:
488:
479:
477:
473:
469:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
445:
443:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
395:
385:
380:
371:
367:
359:
356:
355:
354:
351:
347:
344:
342:
339:
338:
337:
334:
330:
327:
325:
324:Dungan's Hill
322:
321:
320:
317:
316:
314:
310:
306:
303:
299:
292:
284:
283:
281:
277:
273:
267:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
237:
235:
231:
226:
219:
215:
212:
209:
206:
205:
203:
199:
180:
175:
154:
153:
151:
147:
144:
133:
129:
126:
115:
111:
106:
102:
99:
96:
90:
87:
84:
78:
72:
67:
64:
60:
56:
52:
46:
41:
36:
27:
22:
19:
1908:1630s births
1890:
1881:
1876:
1852:
1819:
1803:
1781:
1760:
1750:
1730:
1721:
1694:
1684:
1667:
1658:
1649:
1645:
1633:
1629:
1620:
1616:
1605:
1594:
1584:
1574:
1563:
1553:, Bloomsbury
1550:
1532:
1522:
1509:
1500:
1467:
1434:
1422:
1417:, p. 6.
1410:
1398:
1386:
1379:Lenihan 2014
1338:
1307:
1295:
1284:Bagwell 1898
1279:
1267:
1251:
1235:
1228:Lenihan 2015
1192:McGuire 2009
1096:Cokayne 1896
1091:
1079:
1074:, p. 7.
1067:
1053:
1049:J. P. Kenyon
1038:
1010:
995:
980:
964:
945:
937:
906:
895:
882:
842:
834:
815:
811:
798:
794:
779:
767:
747:
740:
711:
704:
696:
689:
649:
637:John Thurloe
634:
627:
603:
572:
557:
555:
540:
516:
497:
465:
446:
431:
396:
378:
377:
312:Battles/wars
208:Peter Talbot
137:(1691-08-14)
97:
93:Succeeded by
70:
18:
1913:1691 deaths
1497:Lee, Sidney
1472:Cullen 2014
1460:Childs 2007
1391:Szechi 1994
1358:Harris 2007
1300:Miller 2000
1272:Gibney 2009
1084:Petrie 1972
1021:Mark Talbot
909:Percy Kirke
853:Enniskillen
838:Foot Guards
743:Popish Plot
692:Restoration
597:in 1647 by
583:Confederate
476:Old English
411:restoration
392: 1630
218:Mark Talbot
120: 1630
81:Preceded by
1902:Categories
1887:1685–1691
1858:1687–1689
1740:0719037743
1482:References
1441:, p.
1439:Burke 1949
1403:Kelly 2015
1314:, p.
1312:Burke 1949
1286:, p.
1258:, p.
1242:, p.
1240:Burke 1949
1098:, p.
1035:Assessment
915:landed in
898:Parliament
786:Irish Army
569:Irish wars
536:Henry VIII
449:deposition
434:Irish Army
307:(Jacobite)
233:Allegiance
1877:New title
1610:, Penguin
1569:– S to T
913:Schomberg
891:Jacobites
719:Yorkshire
293:1685–1691
260:Jacobites
216:(sister)
210:(brother)
201:Relations
123:possibly
75:1687–1689
71:In office
1891:Forfeit
1780:(eds.),
1561:(1896),
1520:(1949),
1491:(1898),
1045:Macaulay
998:apoplexy
983:Limerick
960:Brittany
952:Limerick
773:and the
771:Monmouth
715:Test Act
660:Flanders
609:Royalist
558:Mémoires
528:Catholic
523:Leinster
457:Jacobite
423:Scotland
329:Drogheda
269:Service/
143:Limerick
1763:, Aurum
1714:3053553
1499:(ed.),
1025:Luzzara
991:Aughrim
987:Athlone
925:Dundalk
886:Kinsale
784:of the
645:Antwerp
606:Aston's
560:of the
512:Kildare
419:Ireland
415:England
341:Dunkirk
274:Cavalry
192:
184:
172:
164:
160:
149:Spouses
1826:
1792:
1737:
1712:
1702:
1539:
1029:Carton
956:Galway
849:Ulster
618:Madrid
589:under
587:cornet
551:Jesuit
543:Robert
534:under
519:Norman
508:Carton
500:Dublin
271:branch
125:Dublin
1772:, in
1724:, OUP
1577:, OUP
1495:, in
1059:Notes
941:Boyne
857:Derry
547:Peter
245:Spain
186:(
182:
166:(
162:
1824:ISBN
1790:ISBN
1735:ISBN
1710:OCLC
1700:ISBN
1537:ISBN
919:and
855:and
822:Mary
697:The
421:and
301:Rank
131:Died
113:Born
1673:doi
1652:(3)
1623:(1)
1260:266
1100:444
893:).
1904::
1776:;
1708:,
1650:23
1648:,
1644:,
1634:42
1632:,
1621:20
1619:,
1450:^
1365:^
1350:^
1323:^
1214:^
1199:^
1124:^
1107:^
666:.
538:.
514:.
470:,
417:,
389:c.
384:PC
381:,
286:c.
188:m.
168:m.
117:c.
35:PC
1743:.
1675::
1474:.
1381:.
1230:.
1194:.
879:.
387:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
