31:
891:
1122:
263:(son of Charles the Bald and Ermentrude of Orléans), who had succeeded his father, died on 10 April 879, while his children were too young to rule on their own. While Richilde's brother, Boso, did make a bid for the throne, the Carolingians were vehement in their refusal, and he gave up the attempt. Boso went on to become the
252:, was intended to secure his rule in Lotharingia through her powerful family and her connection to Theutberga, the previous queen. Richilde bore Charles five children, but only the eldest daughter,
880:
387:
1072:
805:
1798:
2300:
1881:
2285:
1158:
671:
644:
259:
Whenever
Charles went to war, Richilde managed the realm. She may have briefly ruled as regent after the death of Charles in 877.
2207:
1007:
2310:
765:
421:
1673:
1559:
708:
681:
654:
627:
600:
573:
540:
458:
431:
365:
318:
590:
1579:
1524:
1022:
967:
563:
308:
30:
2305:
1608:
1544:
1111:
448:
2290:
1097:
798:
698:
2015:
1818:
1549:
870:
865:
2280:
2183:
2135:
2066:
1643:
1317:
1077:
1047:
1032:
987:
952:
2225:
1890:
1874:
1771:
1067:
528:
353:
1569:
1182:
1151:
1125:
1115:
1062:
791:
2315:
2295:
1613:
1385:
1355:
1057:
835:
814:
50:
37:
1949:
1648:
1042:
617:
2219:
1791:
1766:
2141:
2117:
1360:
957:
1967:
1867:
1375:
1052:
2159:
1144:
1087:
977:
245:
2243:
1390:
758:
249:
2087:
1663:
1177:
917:
2195:
1737:
1425:
1272:
997:
1410:
1499:
1459:
1380:
830:
118:
43:
14th–15th century
National Library of France, Department of Manuscripts, French 73, folio 163
1837:
673:"Saints, Sinners, and Sisters ": Gender and Northern Art in Medieval and Early Modern Europe
310:"Saints, Sinners, and Sisters ": Gender and Northern Art in Medieval and Early Modern Europe
2265:
2213:
2189:
2129:
1668:
1564:
1539:
1519:
1509:
1504:
1494:
1092:
1017:
992:
947:
1742:
8:
2270:
2237:
2231:
2177:
2165:
2153:
1979:
1727:
1574:
1332:
1312:
1193:
1037:
1012:
982:
972:
840:
738:
271:
260:
84:
1809:
2147:
2024:
2003:
1922:
1828:
1757:
1722:
1689:
1678:
1658:
1633:
1623:
1534:
1514:
1474:
1469:
1435:
962:
875:
822:
509:
54:
2275:
2072:
2054:
1955:
1702:
1618:
1554:
1489:
1479:
1420:
1400:
1365:
907:
899:
775:
704:
677:
650:
623:
596:
569:
536:
501:
454:
427:
361:
314:
170:
128:
1584:
399:
2201:
2111:
2093:
2060:
2048:
2033:
1928:
1781:
1747:
1713:
1653:
1638:
1529:
1350:
1002:
937:
922:
491:
483:
395:
264:
233:
220:. By her marriage, she became queen and later empress. She ruled as regent in 877.
217:
163:
2123:
2105:
2099:
1732:
1594:
1464:
942:
932:
927:
287:
1628:
1450:
1430:
229:
209:
197:
248:. Her marriage to Charles the Bald, in 870 after the death of his first wife,
2259:
2171:
1603:
1440:
1082:
1027:
505:
342:, transl. Michael Idomir Allen (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1983), 198.
388:"John VIII, Pope (872–882) – V 1 | Taylor & Francis eBooks, Reference W"
1907:
1484:
1307:
1136:
487:
92:
1934:
1322:
1302:
1297:
1252:
1247:
529:"'We are between the hammer and the anvil': Hincmar in the crisis of 875"
275:
1985:
1913:
1337:
1287:
1262:
1207:
845:
783:
731:
513:
475:
270:
Richilde attempted to assume a position of authority upon the death of
241:
74:
496:
2078:
2009:
1997:
1901:
1415:
1405:
1267:
1242:
1237:
1232:
912:
860:
855:
748:
1961:
1370:
1341:
1292:
1282:
1277:
1257:
1217:
1212:
1202:
283:
253:
187:
175:
1859:
2042:
1227:
450:
After
Lavinia: A Literary History of Premodern Marriage Diplomacy
279:
278:
in 884; however, the empire was agitated and under threat by the
237:
182:
35:
Richilde of
Provence in an illumination from a manuscript of the
643:
McKitterick, Rosamond; Reuter, Timothy; Abulafia, David (1995).
476:"Queenship, Nunneries and Royal Widowhood in Carolingian Europe"
1222:
646:
The New
Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 3, C.900-c.1024
282:, and the grandees of the realm forced her to withdraw to
642:
354:"Hincmar's influence during Louis the Stammerer's reign"
890:
360:, Manchester University Press, pp. 110–128,
2257:
1848:Consorts to debatable or disputed rulers are in
535:, Manchester University Press, pp. 93–109,
526:
340:The Carolingians: The Family who forged Europe
216:) was the second wife of the Frankish emperor
1875:
1152:
1073:Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-WolfenbĂĽttel
799:
619:Making and Unmaking the Carolingians: 751-888
1166:
527:Bernard-Valette, Clémentine (1 July 2015),
232:, Count of the Ardennes, and the sister of
1882:
1868:
1159:
1145:
806:
792:
334:
332:
330:
700:Die Kaiser des Heiligen Römischen Reiches
495:
813:
696:
419:
351:
669:
592:The Cathars and the Albigensian Crusade
561:
473:
446:
423:The Capetians: Kings of France 987-1328
327:
306:
2258:
615:
588:
562:Jackman, Donald C. (27 January 2015).
2021:Anna of Constantinople (900–905)
1863:
1140:
787:
352:McCarthy, Margaret J. (1 July 2015),
1889:
616:Airlie, Stuart (24 December 2020).
565:Three Bernards Sent South to Govern
13:
1098:Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
697:Hartmann, Gerhard (27 June 2013).
589:Costen, M. D. (15 November 1997).
420:Bradbury, Jim (27 February 2007).
155:2 June 910 (aged 64–65)
14:
2327:
2301:Women from the Carolingian Empire
1819:Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
18:Empress of the Carolingian Empire
2286:Queens consort of Lower Burgundy
1121:
1120:
988:Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut
889:
766:Queen consort of Western Francia
290:, where she died on 2 June 910.
29:
2030:Anna of Provence (915–924)
1083:Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary
690:
663:
636:
609:
595:. Manchester University Press.
582:
400:10.4324/9780415791182-RMEO155-1
286:, then the realm of her nephew
65:29 December 875 – 6 October 877
1110:For Empresses after 1806, see
1068:Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick
953:Beatrice, Countess of Burgundy
670:Carroll, JaneL (5 July 2017).
649:. Cambridge University Press.
555:
520:
467:
440:
413:
380:
345:
307:Carroll, JaneL (5 July 2017).
300:
1:
2311:9th-century empresses consort
1570:Joan II, Countess of Burgundy
1183:List of French royal consorts
1063:Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg
293:
228:Richilde was the daughter of
142:
103:
2084:Berta di Luni (1002–14)
2079:Theophanu of Constantinople
1614:Joan I, Countess of Auvergne
1058:Claudia Felicitas of Austria
453:. Cornell University Press.
447:Watkins, John (9 May 2017).
38:Grandes Chroniques de France
7:
1043:Maria Leopoldine of Austria
978:Yolande, Queen of Jerusalem
913:Theophanu of Constantinople
10:
2332:
2306:9th-century queens consort
1976:Cunigunda of Laon (?)
1973:Bertha of Gellone (?)
1361:Desiderata of the Lombards
1116:the corresponding template
958:Constance, Queen of Sicily
856:Saint Richardis of Nordgau
703:(in German). marixverlag.
2291:9th-century women regents
1940:Gundiberga (626–652)
1897:
1846:
1827:
1808:
1780:
1756:
1712:
1687:
1593:
1449:
1331:
1192:
1172:
1106:
1053:Margaret Theresa of Spain
898:
887:
821:
772:
763:
755:
745:
736:
728:
723:
622:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
426:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
256:, survived to adulthood.
210:Kingdom of Lower Burgundy
193:
181:
169:
159:
151:
138:
134:
124:
114:
98:
90:
80:
70:
60:
49:
28:
23:
2220:Joséphine de Beauharnais
2160:Isabella II of Jerusalem
2148:Beatrice of Hohenstaufen
1792:Marie Joséphine of Savoy
1767:Joséphine de Beauharnais
1167:Royal consorts of France
1088:Maria Josepha of Bavaria
246:Lothar II of Lotharingia
2281:Frankish queens consort
2226:Marie Louise of Austria
2088:Cunigunde of Luxembourg
1943:Guntrude (712–744)
1919:Berthora (549–552)
1178:List of Frankish queens
1078:Maria Amalia of Austria
918:Cunigunde of Luxembourg
474:MacLean, Simon (2003).
240:dynasty). Her aunt was
223:
2196:Elizabeth of Pomerania
2184:Margaret II of Hainaut
2136:Beatrice I of Burgundy
2010:Ageltrude of Benevento
1784:(1814–1815; 1815–1830)
1738:Maria Theresa of Spain
1426:Beatrice of Vermandois
1273:Brunhilda of Austrasia
998:Elizabeth of Pomerania
871:Anna of Constantinople
861:Ageltrude of Benevento
568:. Editions Enlaplage.
208:(c. 845 – 2 June 910,
2244:Marie-José of Belgium
1962:Fastrada of Franconia
1946:Tassia (744–749)
1500:Adelaide of Maurienne
1460:Adelaide of Aquitaine
1391:Ermentrude of Orléans
1381:Ermengarde of Hesbaye
1013:Bianca Maria of Milan
831:Ermengarde of Hesbaye
759:Ermentrude of Orléans
392:www.taylorfrancis.com
250:Ermentrude of Orléans
119:Ermentrude of Orleans
2214:Isabella of Portugal
2130:Richenza of Northeim
1992:Richilde of Provence
1674:Elisabeth of Austria
1664:Catherine de' Medici
1565:Clementia of Hungary
1560:Margaret of Burgundy
1540:Margaret of Provence
1520:Isabella of Hainault
1510:Constance of Castile
1505:Eleanor of Aquitaine
1495:Bertrade of Montfort
1396:Richilde of Provence
1112:Empresses of Austria
1018:Isabella of Portugal
948:Richenza of Northeim
851:Richilde of Provence
815:Holy Roman Empresses
488:10.1093/past/178.1.3
206:Richilde of Provence
24:Richilde of Provence
2316:9th-century regents
2296:Carolingian dynasty
2238:Elena of Montenegro
2232:Margherita of Savoy
2208:Eleanor of Portugal
2178:Margaret of Brabant
2166:Isabella of England
2154:Constance of Aragon
2142:Constance of Sicily
2118:Constance of Sicily
2043:Marozia of Tusculum
2039:Alda (924–932)
1998:Richardis of Swabia
1986:Engelberga of Parma
1980:Ermengarde of Tours
1968:Luitgard of Sundgau
1580:Marie of Luxembourg
1575:Blanche of Burgundy
1525:Ingeborg of Denmark
1411:Théodrate of Troyes
1313:Balthild of Chelles
1038:Maria Anna of Spain
1008:Eleanor of Portugal
983:Isabella of England
973:Constance of Aragon
846:Engelberga of Parma
841:Ermengarde of Tours
739:Carolingian empress
261:Louis the Stammerer
85:Richardis of Swabia
2124:Matilda of England
2025:Bertila of Spoleto
2004:Bertila of Spoleto
1838:Eugénie de Montijo
1829:House of Bonaparte
1758:House of Bonaparte
1723:Margaret of Valois
1690:House of Lancaster
1679:Louise of Lorraine
1659:Eleanor of Austria
1634:Charlotte of Savoy
1624:Isabeau of Bavaria
1609:Blanche of Navarre
1545:Isabella of Aragon
1535:Blanche of Castile
1515:Adela of Champagne
1475:Constance of Arles
1470:Bertha of Burgundy
1436:Gerberga of Saxony
1048:Eleonora of Mantua
1033:Eleonora of Mantua
963:Beatrice of Swabia
943:Matilda of England
823:Carolingian Empire
480:Past & Present
55:Carolingian Empire
2253:
2252:
2234: (1878–1900)
2073:Adelaide of Italy
2055:Adelaide of Italy
1857:
1856:
1760:(1804–1814; 1815)
1743:Marie Leszczyńska
1703:Margaret of Anjou
1619:Joanna of Bourbon
1555:Joan I of Navarre
1490:Bertha of Holland
1480:Matilda of Frisia
1421:Eadgifu of Wessex
1401:Adelaide of Paris
1386:Judith of Bavaria
1134:
1133:
1093:Ludovica of Spain
908:Adelaide of Italy
900:Holy Roman Empire
836:Judith of Bavaria
782:
781:
776:Adelaide of Paris
773:Succeeded by
746:Succeeded by
710:978-3-8438-0241-3
683:978-1-351-55027-7
656:978-0-521-36447-8
629:978-1-78673-646-8
602:978-0-7190-4332-1
575:978-1-936466-11-5
542:978-1-78499-188-3
533:Hincmar of Rheims
460:978-1-5017-0851-0
433:978-0-8264-2491-4
367:978-1-78499-188-3
358:Hincmar of Rheims
320:978-1-351-55027-7
203:
202:
129:Adelaide of Paris
2323:
2202:Barbara of Cilli
2190:Anna of Ĺšwidnica
2112:Eupraxia of Kiev
2094:Gisela of Swabia
2061:Willa of Tuscany
2049:Bertha of Swabia
2034:Bertha of Swabia
1884:
1877:
1870:
1861:
1860:
1810:House of Orléans
1782:House of Bourbon
1748:Marie Antoinette
1728:Marie de' Medici
1714:House of Bourbon
1654:Claude of France
1639:Anne of Brittany
1604:Joan of Burgundy
1550:Marie of Brabant
1530:Agnes of Merania
1351:Bertrada of Laon
1161:
1154:
1147:
1138:
1137:
1124:
1123:
1003:Barbara of Cilli
993:Anna of Ĺšwidnica
968:Maria of Brabant
938:Eupraxia of Kiev
923:Gisela of Swabia
893:
892:
881:Anna of Provence
876:Bertila of Parma
808:
801:
794:
785:
784:
756:Preceded by
729:Preceded by
721:
720:
715:
714:
694:
688:
687:
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661:
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634:
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417:
411:
410:
408:
406:
384:
378:
377:
376:
374:
349:
343:
336:
325:
324:
304:
265:king of Provence
234:Boso of Provence
218:Charles the Bald
164:Charles the Bald
147:
144:
110:
108:
105:
66:
44:
33:
21:
20:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2240: (1900–46)
2228: (1810–14)
2222: (1805–10)
2216: (1530–39)
2210: (1452–67)
2204: (1431–37)
2198: (1363–78)
2192: (1355–62)
2186: (1327–47)
2168: (1235–41)
2162: (1225–28)
2156: (1212–22)
2144: (1191–97)
2138: (1156–84)
2132: (1128–37)
2126: (1114–25)
2120: (1095–98)
2114: (1089–93)
2108: (1080–87)
2106:Bertha of Savoy
2102: (1043–56)
2100:Agnes of Poitou
2096: (1026–39)
2090: (1004–24)
2081: (972–983)
2075: (951–973)
2069: (957–963)
2063: (950–953)
2057: (948–950)
2051: (937–948)
2045: (932–933)
2036: (922–926)
2027: (905–915)
2018: (896–899)
2016:Ota of Neustria
2012: (889–894)
2006: (888–889)
2000: (879–888)
1994: (875–877)
1988: (851–875)
1982: (821–851)
1970: (794–800)
1964: (784–794)
1958: (774–783)
1952: (756–774)
1937: (589–616)
1931: (567–573)
1916: (536–540)
1910: (526–534)
1904: (493–526)
1893:
1891:Queens of Italy
1888:
1858:
1853:
1842:
1823:
1804:
1776:
1752:
1733:Anne of Austria
1708:
1683:
1595:House of Valois
1589:
1465:Rozala of Italy
1445:
1336:
1327:
1188:
1187:
1168:
1165:
1135:
1130:
1102:
933:Bertha of Savoy
928:Agnes of Poitou
894:
885:
866:Ota of Neustria
817:
812:
778:
769:
761:
751:
742:
734:
719:
718:
711:
695:
691:
684:
668:
664:
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583:
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402:
386:
385:
381:
372:
370:
368:
350:
346:
337:
328:
321:
305:
301:
296:
288:Louis the Blind
274:in 882, and of
226:
145:
109:– 6 October 877
106:
102:
64:
45:
42:
19:
12:
11:
5:
2329:
2319:
2318:
2313:
2308:
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2298:
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2273:
2268:
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2250:
2248:
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2241:
2235:
2229:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2199:
2193:
2187:
2181:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2157:
2151:
2145:
2139:
2133:
2127:
2121:
2115:
2109:
2103:
2097:
2091:
2085:
2082:
2076:
2070:
2064:
2058:
2052:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2031:
2028:
2022:
2019:
2013:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1989:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1965:
1959:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1932:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1911:
1905:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1887:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1864:
1855:
1854:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1840:
1834:
1832:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1815:
1813:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1795:
1787:
1785:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1763:
1761:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1719:
1717:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1698:
1696:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1644:Joan of France
1641:
1636:
1631:
1629:Marie of Anjou
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1600:
1598:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1585:Joan of Évreux
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1456:
1454:
1451:House of Capet
1447:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1431:Emma of France
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1347:
1345:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1199:
1197:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1164:
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1023:Maria of Spain
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244:, the wife of
230:Bivin of Gorze
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198:Bivin of Gorze
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1441:Emma of Italy
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1044:
1041:
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1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1028:Anna of Tyrol
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
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986:
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839:
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795:
790:
789:
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754:
750:
741:
740:
733:
727:
724:Royal titles
722:
712:
706:
702:
701:
693:
685:
679:
676:. Routledge.
675:
674:
666:
658:
652:
648:
647:
639:
631:
625:
621:
620:
612:
604:
598:
594:
593:
585:
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571:
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566:
558:
544:
538:
534:
530:
523:
515:
511:
507:
503:
498:
493:
489:
485:
482:(178): 3–38.
481:
477:
470:
462:
456:
452:
451:
443:
435:
429:
425:
424:
416:
401:
397:
393:
389:
383:
369:
363:
359:
355:
348:
341:
335:
333:
331:
322:
316:
313:. Routledge.
312:
311:
303:
299:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
268:
266:
262:
257:
255:
251:
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192:
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184:
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172:
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162:
158:
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150:
141:
137:
133:
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127:
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120:
117:
113:
101:
97:
94:
89:
86:
83:
79:
76:
73:
69:
63:
59:
56:
52:
48:
40:
39:
32:
27:
22:
16:
2246: (1946)
2180: (1311)
2150: (1212)
1991:
1925: (560s)
1908:Amalasuintha
1849:
1797:
1790:
1772:Marie Louise
1701:
1693:
1688:
1485:Anne of Kiev
1395:
1333:Carolingians
1308:Bertechildis
1194:Merovingians
850:
764:
737:
699:
692:
672:
665:
645:
638:
618:
611:
591:
584:
564:
557:
546:, retrieved
532:
522:
479:
469:
449:
442:
422:
415:
403:. Retrieved
391:
382:
371:, retrieved
357:
347:
339:
309:
302:
269:
258:
227:
213:
205:
204:
93:West Francia
36:
15:
2266:840s births
1935:Theodelinda
1831:(1852–1870)
1812:(1830–1848)
1716:(1589–1792)
1694:(1422–1453)
1669:Mary Stuart
1597:(1328–1589)
1323:Chrothildis
1303:Wulfefundis
1298:Ragintrudis
1253:Austregilde
1248:Theudechild
276:Carloman II
115:Predecessor
71:Predecessor
2271:910 deaths
2260:Categories
1923:Chlothsind
1914:Matasuntha
1649:Mary Tudor
1453:(987–1328)
1338:Robertians
1288:Gomentrude
1263:Galswintha
1208:Ultragotha
732:Engelberga
548:29 January
497:10023/4218
405:29 January
373:29 January
294:References
242:Theutberga
146: 845
107: 870
75:Engelberga
1956:Hildegard
1902:Audofleda
1416:Frederuna
1406:Richardis
1366:Hildegard
1344:(751–987)
1318:Bilichild
1268:Fredegund
1243:Marcovefa
1238:Merofleda
1233:Ingoberga
1196:(509–751)
749:Richardis
506:0031-2746
272:Louis III
214:Richildis
125:Successor
91:Queen of
81:Successor
2276:Bosonids
2067:Gerberga
1929:Rosamund
1376:Luitgard
1371:Fastrada
1356:Gerberga
1342:Bosonids
1293:Nanthild
1283:Sichilde
1278:Bertrude
1258:Audovera
1218:Radegund
1213:Guntheuc
1203:Clotilde
1126:Category
770:870–877
743:875–877
284:Provence
254:Rothilde
236:(of the
212:) (also
188:Bivinids
176:Rothilde
1850:italics
1228:Aregund
514:3600756
280:Normans
238:Bosonid
53:of the
51:Empress
1223:Ingund
707:
680:
653:
626:
599:
572:
539:
512:
504:
457:
430:
364:
317:
194:Father
160:Spouse
99:Tenure
61:Tenure
510:JSTOR
183:House
171:Issue
1950:Ansa
1340:and
1114:and
705:ISBN
678:ISBN
651:ISBN
624:ISBN
597:ISBN
570:ISBN
550:2024
537:ISBN
502:ISSN
455:ISBN
428:ISBN
407:2024
375:2024
362:ISBN
315:ISBN
224:Life
152:Died
139:Born
492:hdl
484:doi
396:doi
2262::
531:,
508:.
500:.
490:.
478:.
394:.
390:.
356:,
329:^
267:.
143:c.
104:c.
41:.
1883:e
1876:t
1869:v
1852:.
1335:,
1160:e
1153:t
1146:v
807:e
800:t
793:v
713:.
686:.
659:.
632:.
605:.
578:.
516:.
494::
486::
463:.
436:.
409:.
398::
323:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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