730:
1019:
470:
674:
47:
589:
722:
2781:
2489:
166:
551:, one of the few Italian wine regions to emerge from this period relatively unscathed was Valpolicella. In the 1950s, the "Amarone" style of winemaking was rediscovered. In 1968, the Valpolicella region received official recognition for quality wine production when it was granted its own DOC. However, with DOC recognition also came a large expansion of vineyard areas that were permitted to produce Valpolicella DOC wine, including land in the fertile plains of the
917:
1027:
1699:
1058:. In 2009, the production of Amarone wine in the Valpolicella zone achieved DOCG status. During the petitioning process, the wine producers in the region established several quality control regulations including quotas on the amount of grapes grown in the fertile plains that could be used in Amarone production. Another measure was the 2003 removal of Molinara from the list of mandatory blending grapes.
571:) in 1972 to 1.2 million gallons (46,500 hl) by 1990. By 2000 Amarone production grew to over 3.9 million gallons (148,000 hl). By this point, the price for grapes destined for Amarone production was nearly three times higher than what a comparable quantity of grapes would fetch for basic Valpolicella production. This sparked renewed interest in planting vineyards in the high
560:
international wine market but also on sales and prices. As winemaking became less profitable, the vineyards in the most labor-intensive areas (such as the hillsides in the classico zone) were uprooted and abandoned. This shifted the source of grape production even further away from the better quality producing hillside regions down to the fertile plains.
489:, though the exact period of cultivation for the Valpolicella area is not precisely known. The tradition of using partially dried-grapes (seen today in the modern Valpolicella wines of Amarone) was known as the "Greco" or "Greek style" of winemaking, with its origins likely dating back to this period. In the 6th century AD, the
689:, which produces similar wines to basic Valpolicella using many of the same grapes. The historical "heart" of Valpolicella winemaking is in the Monti Lessini hills located northwest of the town of Verona. In 1968, the boundaries of the region were extended far eastward towards the DOC production zone of
1122:. Traditionally the barrels are older and essentially "neutral", in that they do not impart much flavor or wood tannins, but in the late 20th and early 21st centuries more Amarone producers have been experimenting with the use of smaller new oak barrels that introduce more oak flavoring to the wine.
575:
hillside locations that produced lower yields of grapes better suited for
Amarone production. In the 21st century, the reputation of Valpolicella wines continued to expand on the world's wine market, as ambitious winemakers began to invest more in advanced viticultural and winemaking techniques that
1078:
are usually maintained and sugar build occurs more slowly in the vine. Grapes destined for
Amarone are the last grapes in Valpolicella to be harvested, getting as ripe as they can before mold and rot set in. The sugars in the grapes are then concentrated by a process of desiccation where they are
559:
of grapes with varying qualities. Additionally the grape composition for
Valpolicella wines were expanded to include varieties of lower potential quality such as Molinara and Rondinella. This led to a general drop in quality, which had a detrimental impact on not only the area's reputation on the
991:
in the early 1980s. When the style first became popular in the late 20th century, it was rarely noted on the wine label. There was also debate about whether it was even permitted to be included under DOC regulations. If it was mentioned at all it was relegated to the back label wine description
708:
of wines produced completely from grapes grown in this area. Today over 40% of all wine production in
Valpolicella takes place in the classico zone, with an estimated yearly production of 12.2 million gallons (460,000 hl). Another sub-zone that is permitted to attach its name to the wine is the
525:
of the
Venetian ports, limiting the amount of available export wines from the Greek isles and abroad. This further stimulated the development of domestic vineyards for the Venetians, who pushed even further into the hills of the Verona and the Valpolicella region.
729:
860:
has evolved to include the use of whole grape clusters. Grapes destined for
Recioto della Valpolicella are often grown in the most ideally situated hillside vineyards. Recioto can trace its origins to winemaking techniques of the
417:("valley of river deposits"). Today Valpolicella's economy is heavily based on wine production. The region, colloquially called the "pearl of Verona", has also been a preferred location for rural vacation villas. Seven
576:
produce higher quality wines. In 2003, the DOC regulations were adjusted to eliminate mandatory blending requirements for sub-quality grapes such as
Molinara. At the end of 2009, the production of both Amarone and
1061:
Amarone is unique in the wine world. Typically very alcoholic, full-bodied and ripe-tasting wines are produced in very warm climate regions, where the grapes are able to build up large amounts of sugar while
1042:
were unintentionally allowed to ferment completely dry. The modern concept of
Amarone has its roots in the early 1950s when producers "rediscovered" the style and began deliberately using
451:. The Valpolicella production zone was enlarged to include regions of the surrounding plains when Valpolicella achieved DOC status in 1968. In December 2009, the production of Amarone and
513:
with the rest of Europe. Merchants records shows that one of the items regularly traded through Venice was local wines produced in Verona province in the hills west of Venice. During the
852:", and refers to the extending lobes that appear as "ears" at the top of a grape cluster. The exposed grapes on the "ears" usually receive the most direct sunlight and become the
457:
563:
In the 1980s and 1990s, the
Amarone wines of Valpolicella experienced a spike in popularity on the world's wine market. Production of Amarone jumped from 522,320
980:". An alternative method is to use partially dried grapes, instead of leftover pomace, which contain less bitter tannins and even more phenolic compounds.
1114:
for several years, with many premium examples being aged for at least five years prior to release. They are often aged in large wooden barrels of either
1034:
While the style of
Amarone has existed in the region for centuries, it was very rarely made as a deliberate wine style. Mostly it was produced in warm
1079:
kept in special drying rooms for anywhere from three to four months. During this time over a third of the water is removed as the grapes shrivel into
391:
of at least 12 percent. Valpolicella Ripasso is a form of Valpolicella Superiore made with partially dried grape skins that have been left over from
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548:
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on the cluster. Historically these very ripe "ears" were picked separately and used to make very rich, sweet wines. Today the method for making
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988:
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temperature in the growing season is usually around 74.5 °F (23.6 °C), with average rainfall around 34 inches (860 mm).
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737:
Most of the wines produced under the Valpolicella DOC are red and usually contain a sizable amount of the area's most distinguished grape,
1478:
409:. The name "Valpolicella" appeared in charters of the mid-12th century, combining two valleys previously thought of independently. Its
816:
and Amarone styles reach alcohol levels of 15–16%, most Valpolicellas have more moderate alcohol levels around 11%. For wines labeled
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514:
2715:
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completely into alcohol. The first completely dry Amarones that were commercially marketed were the 1953 vintages produced by
888:. Often producers will label this wine as Amarone, but they may also choose to produce it as Valpolicella DOC wine or even an
1665:
1436:
1280:
2537:
333:
61:
1721:
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was awarded its own separate DOCG status in 2010 and has been the style historically associated with the region. The name
383:. Valpolicella Classico is made from grapes grown in the original Valpolicella production zone. Valpolicella Superiore is
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1644:
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1107:. Extra care is taken in the vineyard to ensure that the grapes are kept dry and harvested before rot can develop.
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37:
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dessert wines in the Valpolicella zone received Italy's highest quality wine designation as a DOCG zones.
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is freely permitted to be used, with several examples on the wine market labeled as being made in the
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if they choose to use grape blends outside the DOC requirement. Some producers are experimenting with
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The 19th century brought a series of calamities to most wine producing regions of Italy-including the
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for the flavors to mature, and have the potential to continue developing for twenty years or more.
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2014:
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is actively discouraged, as winemakers attempt to avoid the smoky, mouldy flavors that come with
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17:
1221:
2504:
2427:
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968:. As the production of Amarone has increased in the 21st century, so too has the prevalence of
820:
the wines must be aged a minimum of one year in wood and reach a minimum alcohol level of 12%.
436:
1074:
and southern Italy. The Valpolicella region is characterized as a "cool climate region" where
1030:
Bolla was one of the first producers to commercially market an Amarone wine from Valpolicella.
733:
View from Castelrotto hill (San Pietro in Cariano) to Pedemonte, Arbizzano and Montericco hill
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Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours
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2093:
1845:
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774:
673:
1309:
657:. The most favorably situated vineyards are located in the Monti Lessini foothills in the
8:
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style wines appearing in the wine market, with most Amarone producers also producing a
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in Valpolicella. The wines are produced in a wide variety of styles ranging from basic
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376:
308:
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319:. The hilly agricultural and marble-quarrying region of small holdings north of the
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helps boost the alcohol level and body of the wines while also leaching additional
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750:
622:. Towards the south and east, the climate gets warmer in the fertile plains of the
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328:
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241:
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185:
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1991:
1954:
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805:
721:
642:
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627:
388:
340:
The red wine known as Valpolicella is typically made from three grape varieties:
179:
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2383:
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1944:
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741:. Other grapes used in the production of Valpolicella wine most often include
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2068:
1860:
1259:
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159:
152,140 hectolitres (3,347,000 imp gal; 4,019,000 US gal)
103:
98:
90:
46:
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2058:
1996:
1986:
1939:
1181:
965:
945:
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605:
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notes that the sweet wines of the area were favorites in the courts of the
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312:
107:
80:
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2001:
1932:
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1111:
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and Amarone are added to the batch of Valpolicella wines for a period of
865:; the grapes are taken to special drying rooms where they are allowed to
809:
786:
623:
494:
384:
369:. Most basic Valpolicellas are light, fragrant table wines produced in a
165:
2118:
2689:
2605:
2595:
2546:
2452:
2447:
2432:
2368:
2363:
2328:
2226:
2221:
2181:
2108:
2053:
2043:
2025:
1981:
1969:
1959:
1917:
1743:
1733:
1158:
1134:
1119:
916:
895:
885:
844:
regions with their own DOCG designations, comes from the local dialect
841:
766:
754:
742:
705:
686:
601:
568:
564:
424:
402:
345:
316:
145:
111:
2038:
1710:
649:
deposits in the fertile central plains. Towards the east and near the
455:
dessert wines within the Valpolicella DOC received their own separate
2567:
2457:
2437:
2373:
2353:
2343:
2303:
2241:
2123:
2063:
1964:
1809:
1150:
1130:
1026:
953:
866:
746:
650:
522:
410:
141:
2313:
2308:
2298:
2191:
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2138:
2103:
1949:
1912:
1824:
1819:
1804:
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770:
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that is influenced by its proximity to two sizable bodies of water-
572:
552:
2033:
547:. According to the 1889 writings of the French wine historian Dr.
2766:
2572:
2323:
2176:
2151:
2078:
1814:
1177:
1089:) produces more concentrated grapes that still maintain the acid
1085:
1035:
1013:
778:
762:
758:
738:
725:
Only red wine grapes are permitted in the Valpolicella DOC wines.
614:
foothills to the north, where cool winds blow southward from the
474:
366:
362:
354:
352:. A variety of wine styles are produced in the area, including a
137:
1927:
2731:
2694:
2318:
2206:
2201:
1698:
1285:
1162:
1080:
933:
440:
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419:
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slightly chilled. They have many characteristics similar to a
2515:
2231:
2186:
2156:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1146:
1142:
1043:
320:
250:
215:
1783:
1739:
1161:. A classic after-dinner assortment is Amarone paired with
936:
of leftover grape skins and seeds from the fermentation of
881:
615:
324:
283:
259:
224:
218:
1512:
944:. The additional food source for the remaining fermenting
902:
and producing dry Amarone style wines from grapes such as
203:
1361:
Third Edition, pp. 19, 726. Oxford University Press 2006
983:
The first Valpolicella producer to commercially market a
849:
800:. The most basic Valpolicella are light-bodied and often
405:
in the region has existed since at least the time of the
274:
209:
194:
1681:
Valpolicella's Treasures - Modern yet distinctly Italian
1607:
1605:
1216:
1214:
1176:
notes that well-made examples of Amarone from favorable
1752:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1479:
Amarone and Recioto DOCG approved by Italian government
1397:"The truth about Valpolicella (and other busted myths)"
932:(meaning 'repassed') emerged. With this technique, the
928:
In the late 20th century, a new style of wine known as
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1543:
773:. A few producers are experimenting with reviving the
1602:
1353:
1211:
1125:
Amarones are rich, full-bodied wines with flavor and
1022:
Amarone is often paired with heavy and robust dishes.
681:
The Valpolicella zone is bordered to the west by the
268:
244:
188:
1486:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1333:
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of a cool-climate grape. Amarones differ from other
1066:. Examples of warm climate regions include parts of
693:
and south to the plains of the northern bank of the
477:
led to increased plantings in the Valpolicella zone.
286:
280:
277:
271:
262:
256:
253:
247:
221:
206:
200:
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191:
1574:
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713:located in the valley located just east of Verona.
473:In the late 20th century, a spike in popularity of
212:
1631:
1629:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
596:The Valpolicella region has mostly a mild to cool
1711:Official portal for the Valpolicella region: Wine
1330:
665:between 490 to 1,500 feet (150–460 metres).
608:to the southeast. The coolest regions are in the
2835:
1529:, pp. 168–169. Mitchell Beazley Publishing 2005
458:denominazione di origine controllata e garantita
1626:
1414:
618:. This area is traditionally classified as the
1157:for Amarone with hearty, heavy dishes such as
1046:strains that could ferment the high levels of
2531:
1768:
869:, concentrating the sugars inside the grape.
1194:Parish Church of San Giorgio di Valpolicella
1471:
1469:
677:A bottle and glass of Valpolicella DOC wine
2538:
2524:
1775:
1761:
1656:J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz
1451:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1129:that are often compared to the flavors of
555:, which tend to produce excessively large
327:production. Valpolicella ranks just after
45:
1685:The Wine News Accessed: 28 December 2009.
1244:
1242:
1038:when batches of wines destined for sweet
716:
1738:
1466:
1388:
1025:
1017:
960:that contribute to a wine's complexity,
915:
876:is typically sweet, with high levels of
728:
720:
672:
587:
583:
501:of Italy. Since the 8th century AD, the
468:
164:
2716:Clarification and stabilization of wine
1563:, pp. 360–365. Workman Publishing 2001
1442:
1431:, pp. 390–391. Ullmann Publishing 2008
27:Valley and wine region in Verona, Italy
14:
2836:
1394:
1239:
485:region since at least the time of the
2519:
1756:
1737:
884:can be allowed to ferment completely
505:was long a vital trading port in the
298:
1587:M. Ewing-Mulligan & E. McCarthy
700:Today the original zone is known as
379:and released only a few weeks after
334:denominazione di origine controllata
169:The province of Verona within Veneto
62:Denominazione di origine controllata
51:Vineyards in the Valpolicella region
1463:Decanter Magazine, 4 December 2009.
1395:Parzen, Jeremy (26 February 2014).
24:
1719:Key facts about Valpolicella wines
1615:, pp. 116–117. Penguin Books 1994
1501:, p. 422. Simon and Schuster 1989
1004:received its own DOC designation.
541:and the political upheaval of the
25:
2865:
1800:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
1692:
1591:, pp. 119–124. Hungry Minds 2001
481:Viticulture has been used in the
121:Valpolicella Classico, Valpantena
2779:
2487:
1697:
1180:usually need about ten years of
1133:. The wines often have notes of
240:
184:
1671:
1660:, pp. 107-108. Allen Lane 2012
1650:
704:zone and may duly noted on the
668:
2545:
1372:
1359:"The Oxford Companion to Wine"
1315:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
1302:
1273:
808:and are often noted for their
13:
1:
2742:Glossary of viticulture terms
1639:, p. 212. Firefly Books 2004
1525:H. Johnson & J. Robinson
1204:
891:indicazione geografica tipica
685:, located along the banks of
445:Sant’Ambrogio di Valpolicella
387:at least one year and has an
129:7,844 hectares (19,380 acres)
2747:Glossary of winemaking terms
836:, also made in neighbouring
653:are several areas featuring
7:
1384:Accessed: 28 December 2009.
1187:
828:The sweet red dessert wine
10:
2870:
2667:Yeast assimilable nitrogen
1499:Vintage: The Story of Wine
1255:Collins English Dictionary
1011:
1007:
1002:Ripasso della Valpolicella
909:
830:Recioto della Valpolicella
823:
812:flavor. While full-bodied
661:where the grapes ripen at
592:A vineyard in Valpolicella
464:
365:, a strong wine made from
2775:
2757:History of the wine press
2724:
2708:
2680:
2647:Sparkling wine production
2632:
2614:
2581:
2553:
2481:
2420:
2382:
2277:
2254:
2137:
2024:
2012:
1905:
1833:
1790:
1750:
1589:Italian Wines for Dummies
1199:Vicariate of Valpolicella
637:of the region range from
413:is likely from the Latin
300:[ˌvalpoliˈtʃɛlla]
155:
133:
126:Size of planted vineyards
125:
117:
96:
86:
76:
68:
56:
44:
35:
2752:Wine tasting descriptors
2473:Wine tasting descriptors
2402:Phenolic content in wine
2294:Alternative wine closure
1878:Great French Wine Blight
1782:
1459:Amarone promoted to DOCG
1149:flavors. At restaurants
1097:in that the presence of
1083:. This method (known as
641:near Lake Garda to more
2642:Malolactic fermentation
1527:The World Atlas of Wine
1292:Oxford University Press
900:international varieties
793:dessert wines and even
711:Valpolicella Valpantena
337:(DOC) wine production.
1613:Complete Guide to Wine
1155:food and wine pairings
1110:The Amarones are then
1031:
1023:
992:notes. Today the term
925:
924:wine from Valpolicella
818:Valpolicella Superiore
734:
726:
717:Grapes and wine styles
678:
593:
478:
437:Marano di Valpolicella
423:compose Valpolicella:
170:
2849:Wine regions of Italy
2443:Wine and food pairing
1706:at Wikimedia Commons
1288:UK English Dictionary
1153:will often recommend
1029:
1021:
1000:style. In late 2009,
919:
732:
724:
702:Valpolicella Classico
676:
645:residual gravel with
591:
584:Climate and geography
517:, struggles with the
515:15th and 16th century
472:
429:San Pietro in Cariano
168:
2094:Muscat of Alexandria
1226:Italian Wine Central
1064:ripening on the vine
604:to the west and the
2820:45.5167°N 10.8833°E
2816: /
2672:Yeast in winemaking
2624:Carbonic maceration
1637:Wine Label Language
1174:Mary Ewing-Mulligan
1167:Parmigiano-Reggiano
942:extended maceration
598:continental climate
531:phylloxera epidemic
499:Ostrogothic Kingdom
449:Sant’Anna d’Alfaedo
32:
2662:Traditional method
2463:Wine personalities
2167:Cabernet Sauvignon
1724:2019-08-20 at the
1222:"Valpolicella DOC"
1095:late harvest wines
1048:sugars in the wine
1032:
1024:
958:phenolic compounds
926:
904:Cabernet Sauvignon
735:
727:
679:
594:
503:Republic of Venice
479:
377:Beaujolais nouveau
375:style, similar to
309:province of Verona
171:
134:Varietals produced
30:
2799:
2798:
2793:
2792:
2563:Late harvest wine
2513:
2512:
2250:
2249:
2147:Alicante Bouschet
1895:Judgment of Paris
1702:Media related to
1666:978-1-846-14446-2
1437:978-3-8331-4611-4
1357:J. Robinson (ed)
1318:. Merriam-Webster
415:vallis pulicellae
331:in total Italian
163:
162:
97:Other regions in
16:(Redirected from
2861:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2825:45.5167; 10.8833
2821:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2784:
2783:
2540:
2533:
2526:
2517:
2516:
2492:
2491:
2407:Proteins in wine
2074:Grüner Veltliner
2022:
2021:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1754:
1753:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1715:
1701:
1686:
1675:
1669:
1654:
1648:
1633:
1624:
1609:
1600:
1585:
1572:
1557:
1538:
1523:
1510:
1495:
1484:
1483:1 December 2009.
1473:
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1392:
1386:
1376:
1370:
1355:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1294:. Archived from
1277:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1246:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1218:
1141:, raisin, dried
1100:Botrytis cinerea
521:led to frequent
511:Byzantine Empire
342:Corvina Veronese
302:
297:
293:
292:
289:
288:
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282:
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69:Year established
49:
33:
29:
21:
2869:
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2864:
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2860:
2859:
2858:
2854:Wines of Veneto
2834:
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2810:
2807:
2805:
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2800:
2795:
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2789:
2786:Wine portal
2778:
2771:
2762:History of wine
2720:
2704:
2676:
2628:
2610:
2591:Deacidification
2577:
2549:
2544:
2514:
2509:
2494:Wine portal
2486:
2477:
2416:
2378:
2283:
2273:
2246:
2133:
2114:Sauvignon blanc
2049:Cayetana blanca
2017:
2015:grape varieties
2008:
1901:
1829:
1786:
1781:
1746:
1728:
1726:Wayback Machine
1713:
1695:
1690:
1689:
1676:
1672:
1655:
1651:
1634:
1627:
1610:
1603:
1586:
1575:
1558:
1541:
1524:
1513:
1496:
1487:
1474:
1467:
1454:
1443:
1427:A. Domine (ed)
1426:
1415:
1405:
1403:
1393:
1389:
1377:
1373:
1356:
1331:
1321:
1319:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1264:
1262:
1248:
1247:
1240:
1230:
1228:
1220:
1219:
1212:
1207:
1190:
1137:, bitter-sweet
1105:botrytized wine
1016:
1010:
914:
826:
806:Beaujolais wine
719:
697:and the Adige.
671:
639:morainic gravel
586:
467:
461:(DOCG) status.
389:alcohol content
295:
267:
243:
234:
233:
187:
178:
177:
52:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2867:
2857:
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2697:
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2678:
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2659:
2654:
2652:Sugars in wine
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2630:
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2609:
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2601:Chaptalization
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2440:
2435:
2430:
2428:Classification
2424:
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2418:
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2412:Sugars in wine
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2388:
2386:
2384:Wine chemistry
2380:
2379:
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2366:
2361:
2359:Wine dispenser
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2260:
2258:
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2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2162:Cabernet Franc
2159:
2154:
2149:
2143:
2141:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2129:Welschriesling
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2084:Müller-Thurgau
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
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2028:
2019:
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2009:
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1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1975:
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1962:
1957:
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1897:
1887:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1851:Ancient Greece
1848:
1839:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1796:
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1732:
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1716:
1694:
1693:External links
1691:
1688:
1687:
1670:
1649:
1625:
1601:
1573:
1561:The Wine Bible
1539:
1511:
1485:
1475:VinoWire News
1465:
1441:
1413:
1387:
1371:
1329:
1310:"valpolicella"
1301:
1298:on 2022-08-14.
1281:"Valpolicella"
1272:
1250:"Valpolicella"
1238:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1189:
1186:
1171:Master of wine
1139:dark chocolate
1012:Main article:
1009:
1006:
976:as a type of "
913:
908:
878:residual sugar
863:ancient Greeks
825:
822:
718:
715:
670:
667:
655:volcanic soils
635:vineyard soils
585:
582:
549:C. B. Cerletti
509:, linking the
487:ancient Greeks
466:
463:
407:ancient Greeks
395:of Amarone or
323:is famous for
161:
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2398:
2397:Acids in wine
2395:
2393:
2392:Aroma of wine
2390:
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2257:
2256:Major regions
2253:
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2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2212:Montepulciano
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
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2110:
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2087:
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1700:
1684:
1682:
1677:T. Wernstrom
1674:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1653:
1646:
1645:1-55297-720-X
1642:
1638:
1632:
1630:
1622:
1621:0-451-18169-7
1618:
1614:
1611:A. Bespaloff
1608:
1606:
1598:
1597:0-7645-5355-0
1594:
1590:
1584:
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1580:
1578:
1570:
1569:1-56305-434-5
1566:
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1544:
1536:
1535:1-84000-332-4
1532:
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1508:
1507:0-671-68702-6
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1367:0-19-860990-6
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1260:HarperCollins
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868:
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855:
854:ripest grapes
851:
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843:
839:
835:
831:
821:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
796:
792:
788:
785:table wines,
784:
780:
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744:
740:
731:
723:
714:
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698:
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692:
688:
684:
683:Bardolino DOC
675:
666:
664:
660:
659:classico zone
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
631:
629:
625:
621:
620:classico zone
617:
613:
612:
611:Monti Lessini
607:
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581:
579:
574:
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524:
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519:Ottoman Turks
516:
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507:Mediterranean
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175:
167:
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156:Wine produced
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55:
48:
43:
40:
39:
34:
19:
2801:
2777:
2634:Fermentation
2485:
2468:Wine tasting
2089:Muscat blanc
2059:Chenin blanc
1856:Ancient Rome
1729:(in English)
1714:(in English)
1704:Valpolicella
1696:
1678:
1673:
1657:
1652:
1636:
1635:P. Saunders
1612:
1588:
1560:
1526:
1498:
1476:
1456:
1428:
1404:. Retrieved
1400:
1390:
1382:Valpolicella
1379:
1374:
1358:
1320:. Retrieved
1313:
1304:
1296:the original
1284:
1275:
1263:. Retrieved
1253:
1229:. Retrieved
1225:
1182:bottle aging
1124:
1109:
1098:
1084:
1060:
1039:
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845:
833:
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827:
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782:
736:
710:
701:
699:
680:
669:Wine regions
658:
632:
619:
609:
606:Adriatic Sea
595:
577:
562:
544:Risorgimento
542:
539:downy mildew
528:
480:
456:
452:
418:
414:
401:
396:
393:fermentation
370:
367:dried grapes
359:dessert wine
353:
339:
332:
307:zone of the
305:viticultural
174:Valpolicella
173:
172:
60:
36:
31:Valpolicella
2844:Italian DOC
2823: /
2737:Wine bottle
2709:Other steps
2700:Wine cellar
2657:Süssreserve
2349:Wine cellar
2339:Wine bottle
2280:accessories
2278:Packaging,
2237:Tempranillo
1866:Noah's wine
1846:Phoenicians
1792:Viticulture
1559:K. MacNeil
1497:H. Johnson
1378:Wine Intro
1159:meat roasts
1127:aroma notes
1076:acid levels
978:second wine
848:, meaning "
810:sour cherry
789:red wines,
787:full-bodied
749:, but also
706:wine labels
624:Adige river
569:hectoliters
495:Cassiodorus
118:Sub-regions
38:Wine region
2838:Categories
2811:10°53′00″E
2808:45°31′00″N
2616:Maceration
2606:Wine press
2596:Destemming
2547:Winemaking
2453:Wine fraud
2448:Wine fault
2433:Oenophilia
2369:Wine label
2364:Wine glass
2329:Port tongs
2227:Sangiovese
2222:Pinot noir
2182:Douce noir
2109:Rkatsiteli
2054:Chardonnay
2044:Catarratto
2018:by acreage
1992:Biodynamic
1955:Aromatized
1744:winemaking
1401:Do Bianchi
1205:References
1151:sommeliers
1120:French oak
1072:California
896:table wine
842:Gambellara
775:indigenous
767:Sangiovese
755:Rossignola
743:Rondinella
687:Lake Garda
602:Lake Garda
565:US gallons
425:Pescantina
403:Winemaking
346:Rondinella
317:Lake Garda
315:, east of
146:Rondinella
112:Gambellara
2568:Noble rot
2458:Winemaker
2438:Sommelier
2374:Wine rack
2354:Wine cork
2344:Wine cave
2334:Screw cap
2304:Corkscrew
2269:New World
2264:Old World
2242:Zinfandel
2217:Mourvèdre
2124:Trebbiano
2064:Colombard
1965:Noble rot
1945:Fortified
1923:Sparkling
1890:New World
1455:D. Furer
1406:25 August
1231:13 August
1131:Port wine
1116:Slavonian
1068:Australia
987:wine was
956:and some
954:glycerine
867:desiccate
795:sparkling
747:Corvinone
663:altitudes
651:Soave DOC
523:blockades
411:etymology
142:Corvinone
104:Bardolino
2583:Pressing
2505:Glossary
2421:Industry
2314:Jug wine
2309:Decanter
2299:Box wine
2197:Isabella
2192:Grenache
2172:Carignan
2119:Sémillon
2104:Riesling
2099:Palomino
1842:Ancient
1825:Vineyard
1820:Veraison
1805:Oenology
1722:Archived
1322:8 August
1265:8 August
1188:See also
1178:vintages
1169:cheese.
1036:vintages
798:spumante
771:Bigolona
751:Molinara
695:Po river
647:alluvial
643:dolomite
573:altitude
567:(19,772
553:Po River
350:Molinara
296:Italian:
150:Molinara
2767:Terroir
2725:Related
2573:Vintage
2555:Harvest
2500:Outline
2324:Muselet
2286:storage
2177:Cinsaut
2152:Barbera
2079:Macabeo
2039:Aligoté
1997:Organic
1987:Natural
1940:Dessert
1885:Georgia
1835:History
1815:Terroir
1810:Species
1163:walnuts
1091:balance
1086:passito
1081:raisins
1056:Bertani
1040:recioto
1014:Amarone
1008:Amarone
998:ripasso
994:ripasso
985:ripasso
974:ripasso
970:ripasso
950:tannins
938:recioto
930:ripasso
922:ripasso
911:Ripasso
874:recioto
858:recioto
834:recioto
824:Recioto
814:recioto
783:nouveau
779:Oseleta
763:Barbera
759:Negrara
739:Corvina
578:recioto
493:writer
475:Amarone
465:History
453:recioto
397:recioto
381:harvest
372:novello
363:Amarone
355:recioto
329:Chianti
303:) is a
138:Corvina
87:Part of
77:Country
18:Ripasso
2732:Winery
2695:Solera
2319:Kvevri
2207:Merlot
2202:Malbec
2002:Kosher
1978:Other
1933:Orange
1906:Styles
1873:France
1664:
1643:
1619:
1595:
1567:
1533:
1505:
1435:
1365:
1286:Lexico
1147:earthy
962:flavor
934:pomace
894:(IGT)
880:, the
872:While
802:served
777:grape
626:. The
557:yields
535:oidium
483:Veneto
441:Fumane
433:Negrar
420:comuni
348:, and
99:Veneto
91:Veneto
2682:Aging
2232:Syrah
2187:Gamay
2157:Bobal
2069:Glera
2034:Airén
2026:White
1982:Table
1970:Straw
1960:Fruit
1918:White
1861:China
1740:Wines
1135:mocha
1052:Bolla
1044:yeast
966:color
946:yeast
846:recie
838:Soave
791:sweet
691:Soave
491:Roman
321:Adige
313:Italy
108:Soave
81:Italy
2284:and
2013:Top
1928:Rosé
1784:Wine
1742:and
1662:ISBN
1641:ISBN
1617:ISBN
1593:ISBN
1565:ISBN
1531:ISBN
1503:ISBN
1433:ISBN
1429:Wine
1408:2019
1363:ISBN
1324:2019
1267:2019
1233:2019
1165:and
1145:and
1112:aged
1054:and
989:Masi
964:and
882:must
850:ears
840:and
769:and
745:and
633:The
628:mean
616:Alps
447:and
385:aged
361:and
325:wine
72:1968
57:Type
2690:Oak
2139:Red
1950:Ice
1913:Red
1143:fig
1118:or
886:dry
2840::
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1604:^
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1488:^
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1070:,
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920:A
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765:,
761:,
757:,
753:,
537:,
533:,
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439:,
435:,
431:,
427:,
399:.
344:,
311:,
294:,
290:-/
284:oʊ
266:-,
260:oʊ
251:ɑː
238::
236:US
232:,
216:tʃ
182::
180:UK
148:,
144:,
140:,
110:,
106:,
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242:/
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219:ɛ
213:ˈ
210:ɪ
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204:ɒ
201:p
198:l
195:æ
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189:ˌ
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