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Bunsen was one of the most universally admired scientists of his generation. He was a master teacher, devoted to his students, and they were equally devoted to him. At a time of vigorous and often caustic scientific debates, Bunsen always conducted himself as a perfect gentleman, maintaining his
726:
There had been earlier studies of the characteristic colors of heated elements, but nothing systematic. In the summer of 1859, Kirchhoff suggested to Bunsen that he should try to form prismatic spectra of these colors. By
October of that year, the two scientists had invented an appropriate
743:. He guessed that these lines indicated the existence of an undiscovered chemical element. After careful distillation of forty tons of this water, in the spring of 1860 he was able to isolate 17 grams of a new element. He named the element "
739:. After numerous laborious purifications, Bunsen proved that highly pure samples gave unique spectra. In the course of this work, Bunsen detected previously unknown new blue spectral emission lines in samples of mineral water from
793:
distance from theoretical disputes. He much preferred to work quietly in his laboratory, continuing to enrich his science with useful discoveries. As a matter of principle he never took out a patent. He never married.
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Bunsen's work brought him quick and wide acclaim, partly because cacodyl, which is extremely toxic and undergoes spontaneous combustion in dry air, is so difficult to work with. Bunsen almost died from
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719:, had perfected a special gas burner by 1855, which was influenced by earlier models. The newer design of Bunsen and Desaga, which provided a very hot and clean flame, is now called simply the "
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derivatives. He was promoted to full professorship in 1841. While at
University of Marburg, Bunsen participated in the 1846 expedition for the investigation of Iceland's volcanoes.
2216:
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1622:: im Auftrage der Deutschen Bunsen-Gesellschaft fĂŒr angewandte Physikalische Chemie hrsg. von Wilhelm Ostwald und Max Bodenstein. 3 BĂ€nde. Leipzig: W. Engelmann, 1904
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handwritten by Bunsen himself, document 30 March 1811 as Bunsen's true birth date; however, many later sources cite 31 March as the date. According to his biographer
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Despite his lack of pretension, Bunsen was a vivid "chemical character", had a well-developed sense of humour, and is the subject of many amusing anecdotes.
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495:. After obtaining a PhD in 1831, Bunsen spent 1832 and 1833 traveling in France, Germany, and Austria. During his journeys, Bunsen met the scientists
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554:. This interdisciplinary research was carried on and published in conjunction with the physician Arnold Adolph Berthold. In 1836, Bunsen succeeded
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893:, Bunsen himself celebrated his birthday on the 31st in his later years. Lockemann nevertheless regarded the 30th as the correct date.
1614:, 1900, reprinted (in German) with other obituary notices in an edition of Bunsen's collected works published by Wilhelm Ostwald and
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Jensen, William B. (2013) Chapter 2, pp. 7â31 in "Characters in
Chemistry: A Celebration of the Humanity of Chemistry",
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In 1833, Bunsen became a lecturer at Göttingen and began experimental studies of the (in)solubility of metal salts of
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Robert
Wilhelm Bunsens Korrespondenz vor dem Antritt der Heidelberger Professur (1852): kritische Edition
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instrument, a prototype spectroscope. Using it, they were able to identify the characteristic spectra of
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Teller, J. D. (1943). "Humanizing
Science and Mathematics by Commemorating March Anniversaries".
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575:). Bunsen taught there for three years, and then accepted an associate professorship at the
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Oesper, R.E. (1941). "Bunsen's Trip to
Iceland as Recounted in Letters to His Mother".
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by Robert Bunsen; translated by Henry Roscoe. London: Walton and
Maberly, 1857
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Lockemann, G.; Oesper, R. (1955). "Bunsen's
Transfer from Cassel to Marburg".
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When Bunsen retired in 1889 at the age of 78, he shifted his work solely to
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Gasometry: Comprising the
Leading Physical and Chemical Properties of Gases
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747:", after the Latin word for deep blue. The following year he discovered
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1542:(in German), vol. 3, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 18â20
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Bunsen also developed several gas-analytical methods, was a pioneer in
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479:, Bunsen matriculated at Göttingen in 1828 and studied chemistry with
1496:. Stuttgart: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft. pp. 214â223.
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to study emission spectra of heated elements, a research area called
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1334:"Chemical Manipulation, Being Instructions to Students in Chemistry"
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originated. He discontinued his work with Roscoe in 1859 and joined
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began in 1852, in which they studied the photochemical formation of
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812:, interests which he had pursued throughout his career. He died in
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119:
914:
Martin Quack (2011). "Wann wurde Robert
Wilhelm Bunsen geboren?".
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Corresponding members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
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Robert Wilhelm Bunsen. Lebensbild eines deutschen Naturforschers
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922:. Deutsche Bunsen-Gesellschaft fĂŒr Physikalische Chemie: 56â57.
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676:
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611:
1352:"Rediscovery of the Elements: Mineral Waters and Spectroscopy"
1299:
Jensen, William B. (2005). "The Origin of the Bunsen Burner".
985:, Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft Stuttgart, 1949, p. 18
977:
975:
784:"for their researches and discoveries in spectrum analysis".
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Members of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities
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1177:(6th ed.). Easton, PA: Journal of Chemical Education.
972:
879:
Sources disagree on Robert Bunsen's exact birth date. His
1514:, American Chemical Society Symposium Series, Vol. 1136.
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in Germany. Bunsen was the youngest of four sons of the
448:, an improvement on the laboratory burners then in use.
2217:
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
715:. For this work, Bunsen and his laboratory assistant,
2137:
1270:"Ueber eine neue Construction der galvanischen SĂ€ule"
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In 1860, Bunsen was elected a foreign member of the
617:
instead of the expensive platinum electrode used in
1610:Sir Henry Roscoe's "Bunsen Memorial Lecture", in:
1350:Marshall, James L.; Marshall, Virginia R. (2008).
1718:
2237:Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
2173:
1531:
1349:
595:was an important step in the development of the
398:; 30 March 1811 â 16 August 1899) was a German
1379:
1210:Ripley, George; Dana, Charles A., eds. (1879).
2267:Recipients of the Pour le MĂ©rite (civil class)
1094:
546:led to what is still today the most effective
2297:Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society
1704:
1567:Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions
1557:
780:were the first recipients of the prestigious
639:In late 1852, Bunsen became the successor of
913:
2292:Academic staff of the University of Marburg
2282:Academic staff of the University of Breslau
1080:Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography
772:Bunsen's grave in Heidelberg's Bergfriedhof
468:'s chief librarian and professor of modern
451:
1711:
1697:
1626:Crew, H. (1899). "Robert Wilhelm Bunsen".
1209:
42:
2232:Members of the French Academy of Sciences
1620:Gesammelte Abhandlungen von Robert Bunsen
1491:
1120:
1029:
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440:chemistry. With his laboratory assistant
1625:
1343:
1016:(9). American Chemical Society: 89â107.
1009:Journal of the American Chemical Society
846:List of German inventors and discoverers
767:
627:
625:, where he taught for three semesters.
2227:Academic staff of Heidelberg University
1618:in 3 vols. at Leipzig in 1904. This is
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460:, in 1811, in what is now the state of
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2005:Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz
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1082:(2008). Retrieved 31 March 2011 from
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816:on 16 August 1899, at the age of 88.
776:In 1877, Robert Bunsen together with
436:, and did early work in the field of
429:is named after Bunsen and Kirchhoff.
393:
2212:Foreign members of the Royal Society
1416:"Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff"
926:
907:
705:reciprocity law of Bunsen and Roscoe
579:, where he continued his studies on
406:of heated elements, and discovered
2252:People of the Industrial Revolution
1408:
1045:"Robert Bunsen's 200th Anniversary"
24:
2247:People from the Kingdom of Hanover
1589:
1203:
1158:10.1111/j.1949-8594.1943.tb05846.x
1002:American Chemical Society (1900).
988:
761:He was elected as a member of the
723:", a common laboratory equipment.
526:
25:
2313:
1656:
1274:Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie
1097:"The Centenary of Bunsen's Birth"
1095:Jones, F.; Grossmann, J. (1911).
756:Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
2159:
2147:
1662:
1076:"Bunsen, Robert Wilhelm Eberhard
635:(left) and Robert Bunsen (right)
489:Johann Friedrich Ludwig Hausmann
472:, Christian Bunsen (1770â1837).
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2287:University of Göttingen alumni
2262:Recipients of the Copley Medal
1213:"Bunsen, Robert Wilhelm"
1146:School Science and Mathematics
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1069:
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1038:
963:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica Online
787:
763:American Philosophical Society
535:. His discovery of the use of
387:Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen
13:
1:
2222:19th-century German inventors
1684:Mathematics Genealogy Project
1301:Journal of Chemical Education
1174:The discovery of the elements
900:
326:Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig
156:Bunsen solubility coefficient
2192:19th-century German chemists
1467:"Davy Medal â Royal Society"
1004:"Professor Robert W. Bunsen"
687:. A long collaboration with
606:In 1841, Bunsen created the
560:Polytechnic School of Kassel
228:Polytechnic School of Kassel
7:
1607:, by Georg Lockemann, 1949.
1171:Weeks, Mary Elvira (1956).
1060:"Bunsen without his burner"
819:
355:Other notable students
131:Flame emissive spectroscopy
10:
2318:
1949:Jean-Baptiste Boussingault
1925:August Wilhelm von Hofmann
1512:10.1021/bk-2013-1136.ch002
1049:Royal Society of Chemistry
475:After attending school in
276:Friedrich Konrad Beilstein
27:German chemist (1811â1899)
2242:Scientists from Göttingen
1727:
1628:The Astrophysical Journal
1563:"Bunsen Memorial Lecture"
1532:Lockemann, Georg (1957),
1420:Science History Institute
1031:10.1017/S0016756800174655
969:, 2011. Web. 3 April 2011
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166:BunsenâRoscoe reciprocity
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1539:Neue Deutsche Biographie
1286:10.1002/jlac.18410380307
866:
751:, by a similar process.
645:University of Heidelberg
452:Early life and education
238:University of Heidelberg
1893:Julius Robert von Mayer
1219:The American CyclopĂŠdia
1189:"Robert Wilhelm Bunsen"
967:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
959:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
955:"Robert Wilhelm Bunsen"
778:Gustav Robert Kirchhoff
491:, and mathematics with
466:University of Göttingen
102:University of Göttingen
1965:James Joseph Sylvester
1781:Michel EugĂšne Chevreul
1741:Alexander von Humboldt
1492:Lockemann, G. (1949).
773:
703:. From this work, the
636:
573:Baugewerkschule Kassel
572:
423:BunsenâKirchhoff Award
136:Hydrothermal synthesis
2257:Rare earth scientists
2069:George Gabriel Stokes
1973:Charles Adolphe Wurtz
1909:Hermann von Helmholtz
1877:Henri Victor Regnault
1757:Johannes Peter MĂŒller
1749:Heinrich Wilhelm Dove
1675:Robert Wilhelm Bunsen
1605:Robert Wilhelm Bunsen
1494:Robert Wilhelm Bunsen
1340:Michael Faraday, 1827
771:
631:
623:University of Breslau
593:Cadet's fuming liquid
577:University of Marburg
503:and in 1819 isolated
243:University of Breslau
233:University of Marburg
69:Kingdom of Westphalia
18:Robert Wilhelm Bunsen
2053:Stanislao Cannizzaro
2021:Joseph Dalton Hooker
1885:James Prescott Joule
1797:Wilhelm Eduard Weber
1671:at Wikimedia Commons
1579:10.1039/CT9007700513
1446:search.amphilsoc.org
1442:"APS Member History"
1066:34(5) September 1999
1062:, Colin A. Russell,
800:Retirement and death
689:Henry Enfield Roscoe
619:William Robert Grove
517:Eilhard Mitscherlich
493:Carl Friedrich Gauss
456:Bunsen was born in
346:Thomas Edward Thorpe
341:Henry Enfield Roscoe
2125:Marcellin Berthelot
2117:John William Strutt
2101:Albert von Kölliker
2029:Thomas Henry Huxley
2013:Franz Ernst Neumann
1861:Karl Ernst von Baer
1773:Henri Milne-Edwards
1640:1899ApJ....10..301C
1473:. The Royal Society
1394:1955JChEd..32..456L
1313:2005JChEd..82..518J
1268:Bunsen, R. (1841).
1247:1941JChEd..18..253O
1113:1911Natur..86...79J
1022:1900GeoM....7R.431.
831:Flash (photography)
814:Heidelberg, Germany
544:precipitating agent
481:Friedrich Stromeyer
444:, he developed the
414:(in 1861) with the
306:Francis Robert Japp
281:Georg Ludwig Carius
258:Friedrich Stromeyer
1869:Charles Wheatstone
1191:. Encyclopedia.com
774:
637:
458:Göttingen, Germany
402:. He investigated
2197:Battery inventors
2135:
2134:
1941:James Dwight Dana
1720:Copley Medallists
1667:Media related to
1612:Trans. Chem. Soc.
1402:10.1021/ed032p456
1321:10.1021/ed082p518
1255:10.1021/ed018p253
981:Georg Lockemann:
883:, as well as two
713:spectrum analysis
693:hydrogen chloride
610:battery, using a
601:organic compounds
589:arsenic poisoning
552:arsenic poisoning
509:Justus von Liebig
395:[ËbÊnzÉn]
384:
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264:Doctoral students
205:Scientific career
16:(Redirected from
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647:. There he used
633:Gustav Kirchhoff
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556:Friedrich Wöhler
499:(who discovered
419:Gustav Kirchhoff
404:emission spectra
397:
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367:Dmitri Mendeleev
362:Julia Lermontova
291:Hans Goldschmidt
286:Edward Frankland
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1733:Richard Owen
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1381:
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1195:16 September
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856:Volcanic gas
851:Photobiology
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717:Peter Desaga
649:electrolysis
638:
605:
585:
530:
474:
462:Lower Saxony
455:
442:Peter Desaga
431:
427:spectroscopy
386:
385:
372:John Tyndall
336:Viktor Meyer
331:Lothar Meyer
321:Adolf Lieben
221:Institutions
204:
194:Albert Medal
182:Copley Medal
81:(1899-08-16)
29:
2187:1899 deaths
2182:1811 births
1997:Carl Ludwig
1722:(1851â1900)
1634:: 301â305.
1422:. June 2016
1365:31 December
1359:The Hexagon
1064:Phys. Educ.
788:Personality
695:(HCl) from
608:Bunsen cell
301:Fritz Haber
296:Carl Graebe
151:Bunsen cell
141:Pneumatosis
2176:Categories
1307:(4): 518.
901:References
861:Flame test
841:Lepidolite
810:mineralogy
782:Davy Medal
655:, such as
537:iron oxide
485:mineralogy
477:Holzminden
188:Davy Medal
87:Heidelberg
57:1811-03-30
2166:Biography
1477:14 August
826:Bunsenite
765:in 1862.
737:potassium
669:manganese
665:aluminium
661:magnesium
615:electrode
565:âčSee Tfdâș
470:philology
416:physicist
215:Chemistry
65:Göttingen
2272:Rubidium
1561:(1900).
1451:20 April
1426:20 March
820:See also
749:rubidium
741:DĂŒrkheim
701:chlorine
697:hydrogen
657:chromium
550:against
548:antidote
505:caffeine
412:rubidium
120:rubidium
2202:Caesium
2140:Portals
1682:at the
1636:Bibcode
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1390:Bibcode
1361:: 42â48
1309:Bibcode
1243:Bibcode
1131:3989053
1109:Bibcode
1018:Bibcode
806:geology
745:caesium
733:lithium
685:lithium
681:calcium
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581:cacodyl
558:at the
540:hydrate
513:Giessen
501:aniline
408:caesium
400:chemist
391:German:
116:caesium
2127:(1900)
2119:(1899)
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2039:(1889)
2031:(1888)
2023:(1887)
2015:(1886)
2007:(1885)
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1991:(1883)
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1967:(1880)
1959:(1879)
1951:(1878)
1943:(1877)
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1911:(1873)
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