48:
1397:, a leading proponent of artificial intelligence, was particularly critical, stating that Penrose "tries to show, in chapter after chapter, that human thought cannot be based on any known scientific principle." Minsky's position is exactly the opposite â he believed that humans are, in fact, machines, whose functioning, although complex, is fully explainable by current physics. Minsky maintained that "one can carry that quest too far by only seeking new basic principles instead of attacking the real detail. This is what I see in Penrose's quest for a new basic principle of physics that will account for consciousness."
1005:, since it is the latter â as determined by the lay of the lightcones â that determines the trajectories of lightlike geodesics, and hence their causal relationships. The importance of Penrose's epoch-making paper "Gravitational Collapse and Space-Time Singularities" (summarised roughly as that if an object such as a dying star implodes beyond a certain point, then nothing can prevent the gravitational field getting so strong as to form some kind of singularity) was not its only result. It also showed a way to obtain similarly general conclusions in other contexts, notably that of the cosmological
1676:
6251:
3746:
1080:
10577:
10601:
10545:
8609:
1316:
1985:, he also said, "I think I would say that the universe has a purpose, it's not somehow just there by chance ⊠some people, I think, take the view that the universe is just there and it runs alongâit's a bit like it just sort of computes, and we happen somehow by accident to find ourselves in this thing. But I don't think that's a very fruitful or helpful way of looking at the universe, I think that there is something much deeper about it."
5934:
907:
5901:
1017:
10613:
1225:
4593:) that "the consensus view of logicians today seems to be that the LucasâPenrose argument is fallacious, though as I have said elsewhere, there is at least this much to be said for Lucas and Penrose, that logicians are not unanimously agreed as to where precisely the fallacy in their argument lies. There are at least three points at which the argument may be attacked."
10589:
1357:, and may be harnessed by the brain. He argues that computers today are unable to have intelligence because they are algorithmically deterministic systems. He argues against the viewpoint that the rational processes of the mind are completely algorithmic and can thus be duplicated by a sufficiently complex computer. This contrasts with supporters of
1303:, and Penrose proposes a different change of coordinate system that will remove the singularity at the big bang. One implication of this is that the major events at the Big Bang can be understood without unifying general relativity and quantum mechanics, and therefore we are not necessarily constrained by the
921:
As a student in 1954, Penrose was attending a conference in
Amsterdam when by chance he came across an exhibition of Escher's work. Soon he was trying to conjure up impossible figures of his own and discovered the tribar â a triangle that looks like a real, solid three-dimensional object, but isn't.
991:
of
Caltech, "Roger Penrose revolutionised the mathematical tools that we use to analyse the properties of spacetime". Until then, work on the curved geometry of general relativity had been confined to configurations with sufficiently high symmetry for Einstein's equations to be solvable explicitly,
1392:
about the implications of Gödel's incompleteness theorem for computational theories of human intelligence has been criticised by mathematicians, computer scientists and philosophers. Many experts in these fields assert that
Penrose's argument fails, though different authors may choose different
1451:, say the calculations confirm what they had suspected all along. 'We're not working with a brain that's near absolute zero. It's reasonably unlikely that the brain evolved quantum behavior'". Tegmark's paper has been widely cited by critics of the PenroseâHameroff position.
1329:(1989), he argues that known laws of physics are inadequate to explain the phenomenon of consciousness. Penrose proposes the characteristics this new physics may have and specifies the requirements for a bridge between classical and quantum mechanics (what he calls
2360:"Nobel Prize in Physics Awarded to 3 Scientists for Work on Black Holes â The prize was awarded half to Roger Penrose for showing how black holes could form and half to Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez for discovering a supermassive object at the Milky Way's center"
5526:
1032:
It was in the local context of gravitational collapse that the contribution of
Penrose was most decisive, starting with his 1969 cosmic censorship conjecture, to the effect that any ensuing singularities would be confined within a well-behaved
1454:
Phillip Tetlow, although himself supportive of
Penrose's views, acknowledges that Penrose's ideas about the human thought process are at present a minority view in scientific circles, citing Minsky's criticisms and quoting science journalist
1268:(WCH), that the transition at the Big Bang could have been smooth enough for a previous universe to survive it. He made several conjectures about C and the WCH, some of which were subsequently proved by others, and he also popularized his
1280:, which "experience" neither time nor space. There is essentially no difference between an infinitely large universe consisting only of photons and an infinitely small universe consisting only of photons. Therefore, a singularity for a
1000:
at
Princeton. The other, and more radically innovative, approach initiated by Penrose was to overlook the detailed geometrical structure of spacetime and instead concentrate attention just on the topology of the space, or at most its
2901:
5518:
1462:
In
January 2014, Hameroff and Penrose ventured that a discovery of quantum vibrations in microtubules by Anirban Bandyopadhyay of the National Institute for Materials Science in Japan supports the hypothesis of
1978:
During an interview with BBC Radio 4 on 25 September 2010, Penrose stated, "I'm not a believer myself. I don't believe in established religions of any kind." He regards himself as an agnostic. In the 1991 film
1349:
halts and OFF when the Turing machine does not halt, then the system's state is completely determined by the machine; nevertheless, there is no algorithmic way to determine whether the Turing machine stops.)
5586:
5157:
926:
that simultaneously loops up and down. An article followed and a copy was sent to Escher. Completing a cyclical flow of creativity, the Dutch master of geometrical illusions was inspired to produce his two
4905:
1962:
Penrose's first marriage was to
American Joan Isabel Penrose (née Wedge), whom he married in 1959. They had three sons. Penrose is now married to Vanessa Thomas, director of Academic Development at
3061:
5114:
4657:
2831:
1072:. Penrose and James Terrell independently realised that objects travelling near the speed of light will appear to undergo a peculiar skewing or rotation. This effect has come to be called the
2642:
10843:
10389:
3767:
3237:
4563:
L.J. Landau at the
Mathematics Department of King's College London writes that "Penrose's argument, its basis and implications, is rejected by experts in the fields which it touches."
4020:
2159:
1373:
prevent an algorithmically based system of logic from reproducing such traits of human intelligence as mathematical insight. These claims were originally espoused by the philosopher
1502:
1177:
6183:
3022:
6230:
Sir Roger
Penrose talks to Jim Al-Khalili about his trailblazing work on how black holes form, the problems with quantum physics and his portrayal in films about Stephen Hawking.
3981:
3955:
3176:
10768:
4538:
2718:
6334:
2885:
1518:
6220:." These two films explore the development of Sir Roger Penrose's thought over more than 60 years, ending with his most recent theories and predictions. 51 min and 42 min. (
4180:"The Physicist Against the Hackers : THE EMPEROR'S NEW MIND: On Computers, Minds, and the Laws of Physics by Roger Penrose (Oxford University Press: $ 24.95; 428 pp.)"
2992:
6633:
4615:
1811:
has produced a beautiful and productive approach to the classical equations of mathematical physics. His tilings of the plane underlie the newly discovered quasi-crystals.
2862:
1447:
time by a factor of at least 10,000,000,000. The reception of the paper is summed up by this statement in Tegmark's support: "Physicists outside the fray, such as IBM's
1272:(CCC) theory. In this theory, Penrose postulates that at the end of the universe all matter is eventually contained within black holes, which subsequently evaporate via
5223:
4298:
10713:
1877:(Switzerland) for his contributions to science and strengthening the connection between science and society. In that year, he was also awarded the honorary degree of
2546:
8312:
5849:
5578:
5141:
10723:
5824:
1109:
the plane nonperiodically, and are the first tilings to exhibit fivefold rotational symmetry. In 1984, such patterns were observed in the arrangement of atoms in
5720:
5262:
6239:
5965:
10548:
6521:
3815:
267:
5661:
4889:
2675:
10803:
6200:
1041:, leaving a visible exterior region with strong but finite curvature, from which some of the gravitational energy may be extractable by what is known as the
2962:
10683:
3789:
2568:
1696:
10431:
3045:
3368:
10698:
5505:
4649:
10154:
4511:
4994:
10748:
10738:
4586:
4442:
4156:
3679:
3493:
2823:
8643:
6626:
5927:â Penrose debates how creativity, the most elusive of faculties, has helped us unlock the country of the mind and the mysteries of the cosmos with
6878:
4967:
4226:
4187:
3556:
2634:
2369:
10688:
10798:
10308:
7371:
2426:
403:
6188:
4440:
Topics in Logic, Philosophy and Foundations of Mathematics and Computer Science:In Recognition of Professor Andrzej Grzegorczyk (2008), p. 173
3759:
3229:
5793:
4604:
4328:
4004:
10708:
10668:
10648:
6221:
5377:
4762:
3841:
Gurzadyan, V.G.; Penrose, R. (2010). "Concentric circles in WMAP data may provide evidence of violent pre-Big-Bang activity". volume "v1".
2151:
887:
in the 1950s in collaboration with his father, describing it as "impossibility in its purest form", and exchanged material with the artist
37:
6047:
5317:
4546:
2260:
10703:
10422:
8359:
6619:
5458:
2457:
1738:
178:
6038:
4788:
3014:
2611:
10773:
10673:
10658:
10272:
8594:
6156:
3977:
3947:
3168:
1785:
1459:'s description of Penrose as "one of a handful of scientists" who believe that the nature of consciousness suggests a quantum process.
6128:
10693:
10304:
8383:
8129:
6036:
Hilary Putnam's review of Penrose's 'Shadows of the Mind' claiming that Penrose's use of Godel's Incompleteness Theorem is fallacious
5691:
2336:
6168:
10858:
10853:
10808:
10678:
10663:
6467:
4541:
12: 307â329. The authors write that it is "generally agreed" that Penrose "failed to destroy the computational conception of mind."
3649:
2001:
1930:
for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity, a half-share also going to
1890:
1136:
in Houston, by the then provost Bill Gordon. He worked there from 1983 to 1987. His doctoral students have included, among others,
744:
228:
6064:
4486:
2696:
1467:. A reviewed and updated version of the theory was published along with critical commentary and debate in the March 2014 issue of
10863:
10828:
8708:
7408:
6827:
6368:
6278:
5180:
4114:
3338:
2984:
2931:
2292:
1543:
1412:
6146:
4367:
3206:
2129:
10788:
10147:
8165:
8119:
5873:
5060:
4282:
1684:
1153:
776:
647:
2854:
10833:
10813:
10763:
10268:
8303:
5256:
5217:
5207:
5190:
5151:
5124:
5097:
5070:
5031:
5004:
4977:
4938:
4899:
4756:
4574:
4292:
4256:
4220:
4014:
3534:
3055:
2895:
2451:
2402:
2210:
5037:
4944:
4866:
1060:
and issues of nonlinear stability, settling the censorship conjectures is one of the most important outstanding problems in
10758:
8636:
7787:
5953:
5408:
5087:
1867:
1852:
1228:
937:
6153: (archived 12 March 2005) â D. Trull about Penrose's lawsuit concerning the use of his Penrose tilings on toilet paper
4436:
On Gödel's Theorem and Mechanism: Inconsistency or Unsoundness is Unavoidable in any Attempt to 'Out-Gödel' the Mechanist.
2530:
1370:
1056:", Penrose went on, in 1979, to formulate a stronger version called the "strong censorship hypothesis". Together with the
983:
at Birkbeck College, London, (and having had his attention drawn from pure mathematics to astrophysics by the cosmologist
10823:
10793:
6871:
6442:
5846:
5742:
4636:
4529:
705:
173:
6178:
5339:
1045:, while accretion of surrounding matter may release further energy that can account for astrophysical phenomena such as
253:
8652:
8040:
7364:
5816:
2764:
5716:
5246:
4397:
10653:
10384:
10379:
10374:
10364:
10359:
10354:
10349:
10344:
10140:
8411:
8045:
5962:
3619:
2189:
1927:
1613:
1599:
1581:
5490:
3819:
1807:
His deep work on General Relativity has been a major factor in our understanding of black holes. His development of
1353:
Penrose believes that such deterministic yet non-algorithmic processes may come into play in the quantum mechanical
10838:
10783:
10753:
10718:
6512:
5952:â Penrose was one of the principal interviewees in a BBC documentary about the mathematics of infinity directed by
5653:
5622:
2665:
1464:
1361:, who contend that thought can be simulated algorithmically. He bases this on claims that consciousness transcends
8365:
10643:
10415:
8629:
8078:
6703:
5994:
4504:
In Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 32, 370â373 (also see Putnam's less technical criticisms in his
2954:
2787:
941:
876:
717:
587:
99:
3793:
2576:
1323:
Penrose has written books on the connection between fundamental physics and human (or animal) consciousness. In
944:. During that three-year post, he married Joan Isabel Wedge, in 1959. Before the fellowship ended Penrose won a
10202:
8760:
8181:
7552:
7424:
7242:
6864:
6377:
4412:
3284:
1981:
1859:
1824:
1552:
561:
4355:
3360:
10287:
8612:
8354:
8259:
8189:
7357:
6779:
6472:
6018:
3741:
1840:
1692:
1688:
1257:
1213:
965:
879:
in 1958, with his thesis titled "Tensor Methods in Algebraic Geometry" supervised by algebraist and geometer
787:
457:
8322:
5717:"The Peter & Patricia Gruber Foundation, St. Thomas US Virgin Islands â Grants and International Awards"
5284:
1345:. (For example, imagine a system with only two states, ON and OFF. If the system's state is ON when a given
10848:
9892:
9816:
8176:
7210:
6457:
6432:
6354:
6233:
6013:
4386:
1789:
1531:
1358:
1288:
1069:
1053:
445:
188:
158:
29:
8843:
4140:
3485:
3259:
Fernandez, Rodrigo L. (21 July 2020). "Cosmic Censorship Conjecture violation: A semiclassical approach".
1628:
by Shyam Wuppuluri and Francisco Antonio Doria. Published by Springer in "The Frontiers Collection", 2018.
8918:
8217:
7951:
7936:
7704:
6739:
6271:
3671:
1939:
1803:
for his wide and original contributions to mathematical physics. To quote the citation from the society:
1800:
1758:
1334:
1304:
1232:
409:
33:
992:
and there was doubt about whether such cases were typical. One approach to this issue was by the use of
10743:
10733:
10728:
10567:
10408:
9535:
8504:
7946:
7899:
7504:
6536:
6516:
6497:
6030:
6006:
5949:
5566:
3933:
2517:
1912:
1781:
1708:
1389:
1291:
at the Big Bang is only an apparent singularity, similar to the well-known apparent singularity at the
1269:
571:
282:
262:
233:
9300:
6059:
4210:
4179:
2359:
1212:
Penrose is the Francis and Helen Pentz Distinguished Visiting Professor of Physics and Mathematics at
183:
47:
10778:
10198:
9703:
8534:
8160:
7841:
7576:
7326:
7311:
7088:
6452:
6437:
6302:
2700:
1486:
1443:, calculated that the time scale of neuron firing and excitations in microtubules is slower than the
1325:
1265:
1065:
961:
856:
833:
829:
721:
556:
168:
128:
89:
4426:
2513:
Roger Penrose. Cycles of Time: Is It Possible to Discern the Previous Universe Through the Big Bang?
767:, Essex, Roger Penrose is a son of physician Margaret (née Leathes) and psychiatrist and geneticist
10489:
10173:
9663:
9611:
9459:
8559:
8109:
7869:
7780:
7056:
6727:
2297:
2152:"Oxford Mathematician Roger Penrose jointly wins the Nobel Prize in Physics | University of Oxford"
2053:
2042:
1828:
1683:
Penrose has been awarded many prizes for his contributions to science. In 1971, he was awarded the
1374:
899:
892:
463:
5789:
4746:
1653:
by Derek Abbott, Paul C. W. Davies, and Arun K. Pati. Published by Imperial College Press in 2008.
964:, before returning to the United States to spend 1963â64 as a visiting associate professor at the
10338:
9719:
9643:
9515:
9077:
8926:
8867:
8288:
8210:
7830:
7821:
7536:
7321:
7036:
6417:
5976:
5641:
5626:
5611:
4320:
2287:
2096:
1951:
1916:
1911:(Italy) for his contributions to the history of science. In that year as well, he was awarded an
1897:
1816:
1750:
1649:
1469:
536:
143:
9731:
5637:
5607:
5369:
4601:
2757:"The 100th anniversary of MooreâPenrose inverse and its role in statistics and machine learning"
10638:
10237:
10222:
10181:
9747:
9715:
9376:
9192:
9085:
8784:
8656:
8514:
8377:
8283:
8241:
7915:
7879:
7400:
7331:
7078:
6576:
6447:
6264:
5977:"Before the Big Bang: an outrageous new perspective and its implications for particle physics".
5551:
5309:
4550:
4421:
2232:
1923:
1882:
1378:
1354:
1186:
997:
980:
783:
748:
713:
698:
690:
566:
493:
6035:
5910:
5462:
4583:
4439:
2441:
2085:
10818:
10581:
10008:
9824:
9695:
9627:
9539:
9475:
8819:
8519:
8124:
8063:
7640:
7560:
7337:
7267:
7125:
6888:
4784:
2805:
2603:
1742:
1719:
1202:
736:
694:
439:
3724:
1641:
1632:
10633:
10531:
10453:
10229:
9924:
9511:
9272:
9144:
9008:
8906:
8752:
8424:
8350:
8194:
7796:
7736:
7728:
7512:
6819:
6582:
6092:
5288:
4823:
4700:
4624:, eds., Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3835, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 125â138.
4349:
Criticism of the Lucas/Penrose argument that intelligence can not be entirely algorithmic:
3928:
R. Penrose (1979). "Singularities and Time-Asymmetry". In S. W. Hawking; W. Israel (eds.).
3894:
3565:
3451:
3416:
3390:
R. Penrose (1979). "Singularities and Time-Asymmetry". In S. W. Hawking; W. Israel (eds.).
3322:
3141:
2727:
1943:
1734:
1382:
1206:
1122:
957:
868:
709:
541:
514:
163:
9856:
8965:
8621:
7680:
6985:
5768:
5683:
4582:(published in Kurt Gödel: Essays for his Centennial, with the following comments found on
3702:
2328:
2104:
8:
9836:
9455:
9332:
9292:
8996:
8992:
8887:
8804:
8732:
8499:
8494:
8484:
8316:
8265:
8083:
8068:
7894:
7825:
7773:
6995:
6991:
6912:
6856:
6843:
6318:
6310:
5547:
4478:
2283:
1675:
1494:
1444:
1406:
1002:
993:
953:
936:
Penrose spent the academic year 1956â57 as an assistant lecturer at Bedford College (now
841:
837:
811:
551:
9960:
9252:
8489:
7135:
6250:
6096:
5906:
4827:
4748:
The Web's Awake: An Introduction to the Field of Web Science and the Concept of Web Life
4704:
4505:
3898:
3641:
3569:
3455:
3420:
3326:
3145:
2731:
1637:, written by Meg Weston Smith. Published by World Scientific Publishing Co in June 2013.
1307:, which disrupts time. Alternatively, one can use the EinsteinâMaxwellâDirac equations.
1250:
of our own present universe. He mentions this evidence in the epilogue of his 2010 book
10507:
10120:
9992:
9784:
9743:
9727:
9671:
9659:
9615:
9559:
9551:
9471:
9451:
8564:
8464:
8388:
8246:
8227:
8221:
8172:
8114:
8023:
7941:
7859:
7836:
7804:
7316:
7283:
7271:
6947:
6803:
6116:
6082:
5924:
5343:
4724:
4690:
4566:
Sources that also note that different sources attack different points of the argument:
4483:
4086:
4055:
3910:
3884:
3842:
3745:
3467:
3260:
3114:
2420:
2364:
1886:
1836:
1832:
1777:
1194:
1068:
on the initial conditions of the observable part of the universe and the origin of the
1061:
969:
872:
732:
728:
531:
203:
8672:
4470:
4453:
4107:
3132:
Penrose, Roger (January 1965). "Gravitational Collapse and Space-Time Singularities".
2923:
1626:"The Map and the Territory: Exploring the foundations of science, thought and reality"
10465:
10218:
10000:
9948:
9896:
9808:
9804:
9800:
9788:
9683:
9635:
9631:
9527:
9503:
9443:
9416:
9284:
9276:
9248:
9061:
8957:
8748:
8574:
8406:
8398:
7999:
7956:
7568:
7456:
7186:
7121:
7115:
7111:
7062:
7050:
7046:
7040:
7009:
6961:
6937:
6795:
6531:
6502:
6204:
6108:
5479:
5252:
5213:
5186:
5147:
5120:
5093:
5066:
5059:
Penrose, Roger; Shimony, Abner; Cartwright, Nancy; Hawking, Stephen (28 April 2000).
5027:
5000:
4973:
4934:
4895:
4841:
4752:
4716:
4681:
4596:
4393:
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 16, 611â612. Online version at Davis' faculty page at
4364:
4288:
4216:
4148:
4010:
3914:
3712:
3593:
3588:
3551:
3530:
3471:
3310:
3198:
3106:
3051:
2955:"Cycles of Time: An Extraordinary New View of the Universe by Roger Penrose â review"
2891:
2797:
2538:
2447:
2408:
2398:
2313:
2252:
2206:
2185:
2125:
2091:
1963:
1947:
1908:
1878:
1820:
1773:
1772:
for services to science. In the same year, he was also awarded an honorary degree of
1730:
1609:
1595:
1577:
1300:
1273:
1190:
922:
Together with his father, a physicist and mathematician, Penrose went on to design a
433:
277:
248:
238:
9880:
9587:
8444:
7155:
6598:
6120:
5865:
5116:
The Map and the Territory: Exploring the Foundations of Science, Thought and Reality
4728:
3118:
2200:
863:
in 1951. Having started research under the professor of geometry and astronomy, Sir
10617:
10593:
10483:
10459:
10323:
10084:
10040:
9699:
9687:
9603:
9595:
9340:
9304:
9240:
9232:
9184:
9093:
9004:
8934:
8740:
8479:
8469:
8416:
8393:
7971:
7720:
7664:
7520:
7432:
7200:
7001:
6957:
6951:
6908:
6611:
6564:
6507:
6487:
6228:
BBC Radio 4 â The Life Scientific â Roger Penrose on Black Holes â 22 November 2016
6100:
5938:
5438:
4831:
4708:
4465:
4407:
4065:
3902:
3583:
3573:
3522:
3459:
3424:
3330:
3149:
3096:
2735:
2492:
2244:
2100:
2048:
1606:
Spinors and Space-Time: Volume 2, Spinor and Twistor Methods in Space-Time Geometry
1591:
1416:. In those works, he also combined his observations with those of anesthesiologist
1141:
1073:
911:
884:
814:
772:
632:
599:
363:
243:
218:
10036:
9348:
8539:
5563:
Sir Roger Penrose, one of the greatest scientists of our times, visited NTUU "KPI"
4571:
4248:
2111:
1238:
In 2010, Penrose reported possible evidence, based on concentric circles found in
10495:
10293:
10281:
10251:
10187:
10112:
10104:
10068:
9932:
9912:
9820:
9759:
9651:
9599:
9575:
9491:
9483:
9420:
9392:
9308:
9212:
9024:
8851:
8692:
8680:
8554:
8529:
8454:
8449:
8332:
8293:
8255:
8199:
8073:
8009:
7616:
7528:
7440:
7380:
7263:
7246:
7220:
7180:
7145:
7068:
7019:
6981:
6975:
6902:
6695:
6570:
6526:
6477:
6462:
6422:
6389:
6359:
6150:
6051:
6042:
5969:
5853:
5021:
4928:
4860:
4679:
Tegmark, Max (2000). "The importance of quantum decoherence in brain processes".
4621:
4608:
4590:
4578:
4533:
4515:
4490:
4446:
4401:
4371:
4359:
3442:
Penrose, Roger (1959). "The Apparent Shape of a Relativistically Moving Sphere".
3407:
2635:"Scientist of Jewish heritage among trio to win Nobel prize for black hole finds"
2021:
1967:
1931:
1796:
1769:
1746:
1723:
1704:
1700:
1536:
1417:
1366:
1169:
1157:
1133:
1126:
1095:
1042:
1010:
860:
825:
807:
740:
667:
652:
546:
469:
451:
415:
371:
272:
208:
198:
148:
10209:
9228:
8776:
8337:
5972:(Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Cambridge, 11 November 2005).
5400:
4836:
4811:
2824:"Roger Penrose wins 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovery about black holes"
2809:
1657:
10605:
10519:
10477:
10447:
10257:
10088:
10080:
10072:
10004:
9988:
9980:
9904:
9888:
9864:
9848:
9755:
9735:
9675:
9439:
9316:
9200:
9176:
9128:
9069:
8984:
8914:
8875:
8835:
8800:
8716:
8579:
8251:
8235:
8231:
8134:
8104:
7961:
7864:
7744:
7648:
7592:
7496:
7277:
7084:
7072:
6929:
6747:
6655:
6558:
6552:
6492:
6482:
6407:
6326:
6193:
6134:
6048:
Beyond the Doubting of a Shadow: A Reply to Commentaries on Shadows of the Mind
5990:
1808:
1510:
1448:
1346:
1261:
1252:
1102:
1091:
1084:
1057:
923:
864:
803:
799:
791:
775:, an Irish-born artist, and The Hon. Elizabeth Josephine Peckover, daughter of
768:
614:
375:
367:
359:
355:
223:
213:
133:
6024:
6000:
5943:
5746:
4635:
Marvin Minsky. "Conscious Machines." Machinery of Consciousness, Proceedings,
4526:
3906:
3875:
Stoica, Ovidiu-Cristinel (November 2013). "On the Weyl Curvature Hypothesis".
3552:"New perspectives on forbidden symmetries, quasicrystals, and Penrose tilings"
3516:
3463:
3153:
2740:
2713:
2511:
2412:
2037:
Penrose and his father shared mathematical concepts with Dutch graphic artist
1644:
by Hector Zenil. Published by World Scientific Publishing Co in December 2012.
1625:
891:, whose earlier depictions of impossible objects partly inspired it. Escher's
10627:
10471:
10132:
10116:
10056:
10032:
9976:
9972:
9952:
9936:
9908:
9840:
9619:
9583:
9467:
9404:
9288:
9268:
9204:
9164:
9152:
9132:
9101:
8724:
8684:
8569:
8544:
8459:
8327:
8155:
8099:
7931:
7884:
7672:
7632:
7544:
7392:
7291:
7236:
7216:
7094:
6943:
6763:
6731:
6373:
6217:
6179:
Audio: Roger Penrose in conversation on the BBC World Service discussion show
6161:
6104:
5443:
5430:
5347:
4712:
4497:
4376:
4152:
3716:
3578:
3526:
3428:
3110:
2855:"'Frustro' typeface applies the Penrose impossible triangle concept to words"
2542:
2256:
1863:
1712:
1588:
Spinors and Space-Time: Volume 1, Two-Spinor Calculus and Relativistic Fields
1548:
1456:
1424:
1394:
1338:
1292:
1198:
1149:
1145:
1137:
1034:
1021:
984:
686:
642:
637:
627:
487:
193:
9352:
6227:
5475:
4284:
The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and the Laws of Physics
4212:
The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and the Laws of Physics
3737:
2801:
2756:
1874:
1487:
The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and The Laws of Physics
10317:
10100:
10096:
10052:
10020:
10016:
9868:
9852:
9547:
9519:
9499:
9388:
9368:
9360:
9188:
9109:
9016:
8883:
8792:
8768:
8696:
8589:
8509:
8474:
8004:
7966:
7752:
7696:
7688:
7584:
7488:
7232:
7206:
7176:
7172:
7131:
6971:
6933:
6787:
6719:
6642:
6587:
6412:
6112:
5928:
4845:
4720:
3101:
3084:
2670:
2497:
2480:
2392:
2038:
1989:
1848:
1844:
1754:
1562:
1362:
1182:
1165:
1114:
1110:
1106:
888:
824:
Penrose spent World War II as a child in Canada where his father worked in
780:
662:
518:
481:
475:
138:
6245:
6184:
Roger Penrose speaking about Hawking's new book on Premier Christian Radio
6131:" â (a disputation of Tegmark's result by Hagan, Hameroff, and TuszyĆski)
6065:
Two theories for the formation of quasicrystals resembling Penrose tilings
5608:
Sir Roger Penrose : Honorary Degree, Whittaker Colloquium and seminar
4650:"Can Quantum Physics Explain Consciousness? One Scientist Thinks It Might"
4070:
4043:
3978:"New evidence for cyclic universe claimed by Roger Penrose and colleagues"
3948:"New evidence for cyclic universe claimed by Roger Penrose and colleagues"
3611:
3597:
1079:
1009:, which he dealt with in collaboration with Sciama's most famous student,
10525:
10501:
10164:
10048:
9964:
9876:
9832:
9792:
9571:
9567:
9487:
9400:
9372:
9172:
9140:
8942:
8700:
8373:
8342:
7889:
7624:
7608:
7480:
7464:
7448:
7416:
7297:
7287:
7226:
7190:
7151:
7139:
7005:
6835:
6811:
6771:
6679:
6671:
6087:
6070:
5963:"Before the Big Bang? A new perspective on the Weyl curvature hypothesis"
5847:
A Brief History of Time (1991) film script â springfieldspringfield.co.uk
5206:
Abbott, Derek; Davies, Paul C. W.; Pati, Arun Kumar (12 September 2008).
4695:
2025:
1935:
1715:
1663:
1436:
1428:
1037:
surrounding a hidden space-time region for which Wheeler coined the term
852:
845:
421:
397:
5182:
A Computable Universe: Understanding and Exploring Nature as Computation
4091:
3015:"The second Cambridge Cutting Edge Lecture: Professor Sir Roger Penrose"
10024:
9940:
9920:
9763:
9711:
9324:
9260:
9216:
9053:
8969:
8859:
8827:
8584:
8150:
7994:
7989:
7656:
7600:
7349:
7194:
6967:
6755:
6687:
6663:
6210:
4527:
A Refutation of Penrose's Gödelian Case Against Artificial Intelligence
4394:
2309:
1296:
1161:
1038:
1025:
988:
880:
818:
795:
764:
755:
formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity".
752:
657:
604:
427:
74:
10600:
5982:. Edinburgh. 2759â2762 (cf. also Hill, C.D. & Nurowski, P. (2007)
4891:
Shadows of the Mind: A Search for the Missing Science of Consciousness
2248:
2201:
Misner, Charles; Thorne, Kip S. & Wheeler, John Archibald (1973).
1495:
Shadows of the Mind: A Search for the Missing Science of Consciousness
1276:. At this point, everything contained within the universe consists of
1098:
into the 4-dimensional complex space with the metric signature (2,2).
9412:
9384:
9220:
7981:
7472:
6427:
5494:
3291:(Summer 2020 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University
3230:"Physicists Debate Hawking's Idea That the Universe Had No Beginning"
2985:"Professor Sir Roger Penrose awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics"
1901:
1342:
1315:
1118:
949:
153:
10400:
6073:(2000). "The importance of quantum decoherence in brain processes".
2924:"Ascending and Descending by M.C. Escher â Facts about the Painting"
9160:
8524:
7874:
4352:
3334:
3265:
2233:"Wolf Foundation Honors Hawking and Penrose for Work in Relativity"
1281:
1247:
1006:
702:
5983:
5562:
4060:
3889:
3847:
3405:
Terrell, James (1959). "Invisibility of the Lorentz Contraction".
906:
4930:
The Road to Reality: A Complete Guide to the Laws of the Universe
4812:"Consciousness in the universe: A review of the 'Orch OR' theory"
1503:
The Road to Reality: A Complete Guide to the Laws of the Universe
1432:
1277:
1178:
The Road to Reality: A Complete Guide to the Laws of the Universe
1046:
973:
258:
6256:
6173:
4521:
Sources that indicate Penrose's argument is generally rejected:
1125:. He was influential in popularizing what are commonly known as
1016:
817:. Their stepfather was the mathematician and computer scientist
735:. He has received several prizes and awards, including the 1988
8204:
5113:
Wuppuluri, Shyam; Doria, Francisco Antonio (13 February 2018).
5058:
4539:
Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence
4452:
LaForte, Geoffrey; Hayes, Patrick J.; Ford, Kenneth M. (1998).
2719:
Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
1946:. In the same year, he was also awarded the honorary degree of
581:
6335:
Fashion, Faith, and Fantasy in the New Physics of the Universe
5654:"7+ Out of This World Facts About Physicist Sir Roger Penrose"
4996:
Fashion, Faith, and Fantasy in the New Physics of the Universe
4639:, 75th Anniversary Symposium on Science in Society, June 1991.
4249:"20th WCP: Computational Complexity and Philosophical Dualism"
4044:"Conceptual Problems in Quantum Gravity and Quantum Cosmology"
4006:
Fashion, Faith, and Fantasy in the New Physics of the Universe
1847:
of the Royal Society. He is also a Distinguished Supporter of
1519:
Fashion, Faith, and Fantasy in the New Physics of the Universe
7765:
4108:"The EinsteinâDiracâMaxwell Equations â Black Hole Solutions"
3790:"If an Electron Can Be in Two Places at Once, Why Can't You?"
3720:
2394:
Our voices must be heard : women and the vote in Ontario
1718:. Along with Stephen Hawking, he was awarded the prestigious
4616:
Logic for Programming, Artificial Intelligence and Reasoning
3085:"Dennis William Sciama. 18 November 1926 â 19 December 1999"
2598:
2596:
2594:
2126:"Roger Penrose | Biography, Books, Awards, & Facts"
1827:(Belgium). In 2006, he was conferred the honorary degree of
1224:
851:
In 1955, while a doctoral student, Penrose reintroduced the
10844:
Rouse Ball Professors of Mathematics (University of Oxford)
8651:
8185:
4751:. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. p. 166.
4572:
On the Outside Looking In: A Caution about Conservativeness
2697:
UCL alumnus Professor Sir Roger Penrose awarded Nobel Prize
1873:
In 2012, Penrose was awarded the Richard R. Ernst Medal by
1763:
International Society on General Relativity and Gravitation
1239:
1113:. Another noteworthy contribution is his 1971 invention of
945:
6886:
6214:: "Extra Time: Professor Sir Roger Penrose in conversation
6201:
Forbidden crystal symmetry in mathematics and architecture
3083:
Ellis, George F. R.; Penrose, Sir Roger (1 January 2010).
2358:
Overbye, Dennis; Taylor, Derrick Bryson (6 October 2020).
2041:, which were incorporated into a lot of pieces, including
1287:
In simple terms, Penrose believes that the singularity in
6189:"The Cyclic Universe â A conversation with Roger Penrose"
5248:
Fearful Symmetry: The Search for Beauty in Modern Physics
4969:
Cycles of Time: An Extraordinary New View of the Universe
3486:"New Horizons in Twistor Theory | Mathematical Institute"
3169:"A brief history of Stephen Hawking: A legacy of paradox"
2591:
1511:
Cycles of Time: An Extraordinary New View of the Universe
1243:
103:
93:
5089:
White Mars; or, The Mind Set Free: A 21st-Century Utopia
3047:
Black Holes and Time Warps: Einstein's Outrageous Legacy
1762:
3521:(2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 1.
2443:
Our Voices Must Be Heard: Women and the Vote in Ontario
1299:. The latter singularity can be removed by a change of
727:
Penrose has contributed to the mathematical physics of
10769:
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
5778:. European Mathematical Society Newsletter March 2001.
4569:
Princeton Philosophy professor John Burgess writes in
3760:"'The Road to Reality': A Really Long History of Time"
3044:
Thorne, Kip; Thorne, Kip S.; Hawking, Stephen (1994).
1256:, a book in which he presents his reasons, to do with
10565:
6603:
6240:
A chess problem holds the key to human consciousness?
6129:
Biological feasibility of quantum states in the brain
5579:"Roger Penrose Doctor Honoris Causa por el Cinvestav"
4809:
4391:
How subtle is Gödel's theorem? More on Roger Penrose.
3704:
The Description of Mass within the Theory of Twistors
1185:
that includes an explanation of his own theory. The
6641:
5711:
5709:
4454:"Why Gödel's Theorem Cannot Refute Computationalism"
3089:
Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
2485:
Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
1907:
In 2017, he was awarded the Commandino Medal at the
1666:'s. Published by Princeton University Press in 2007.
1284:
and an infinitely expanded universe are equivalent.
5958:Penrose's new theory "Aeons Before the Big Bang?":
5817:"A singular mind: Roger Penrose on his Nobel Prize"
4547:"King's College London â Department of Mathematics"
3043:
1784:. In 1998, he was elected Foreign Associate of the
1761:. From 1992 to 1995, he served as President of the
1634:
Beating the Odds: The Life and Times of E. A. Milne
4740:
4738:
4438:Fundamenta Informaticae 81, 173â181. Reprinted in
4381:An Open Peer Commentary on The Emperor's New Mind.
4365:References for Criticisms of the Gödelian Argument
3444:Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
2323:
2321:
2084:
1231:image of the (extremely tiny) anisotropies in the
10714:British expatriate academics in the United States
5706:
5143:Beating The Odds: The Life And Times Of E A Milne
2281:
2182:Stephen Hawking: Quest for a Theory of Everything
2020:The 2020 Nobel Prize was also awarded jointly to
1574:Techniques of Differential Topology in Relativity
10625:
5508:by Dr Bernard Kay to Professor Sir Roger Penrose
5205:
5086:Aldiss, Brian W.; Penrose, Roger (19 May 2015).
4451:
3930:General Relativity: An Einstein Centenary Survey
3840:
3392:General Relativity: An Einstein Centenary Survey
1862:in 2011. The same year, he was also awarded the
1365:because factors such as the insolubility of the
1246:sky, of an earlier universe existing before the
1105:, which are formed from two tiles that can only
1101:Penrose is well known for his 1974 discovery of
10724:British consciousness researchers and theorists
5310:"Supplement 53696,10 June 1994, London Gazette"
4735:
4276:
4274:
4085:Vaas, RĂŒdiger (2004). "The Inverted Big-Bang".
3394:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 581â638.
2318:
2099: ed.). Oxford: A & C Black.
10162:
5745:. Abingdon School. 6 July 2012. Archived from
5112:
5019:
3711:(PhD thesis). Birkbeck, University of London.
3278:
3276:
2478:
1843:(Australia). In 2008, Penrose was awarded the
1741:(HonFInstP). In 1990, Penrose was awarded the
1064:. Also from 1979, dates Penrose's influential
855:generalised matrix inverse, also known as the
10416:
10148:
8637:
7781:
7365:
6872:
6627:
6272:
5476:Laudatio by Andrzej Trautman to Roger_Penrose
5085:
4141:"HOW THE BRAIN WORKS, MAYBE (Published 1989)"
4105:
3308:
2357:
1922:In 2020, Penrose was awarded one half of the
10804:People educated at University College School
6060:Penrose Tiling found in Islamic Architecture
5790:"Big Bang follows Big Bang follows Big Bang"
5139:
5020:Hawking, Stephen W.; Penrose, Roger (1996).
4803:
4271:
3816:"Dr. Roger Penrose at Penn State University"
3082:
2632:
2351:
1745:for outstanding work related to the work of
1427:is the result of quantum gravity effects in
10684:Academics of Birkbeck, University of London
6448:Penrose interpretation of quantum mechanics
5814:
3515:Huggett, S. A.; Tod, K. P. (21 July 1994).
3273:
3125:
2505:
1753:(Switzerland). In 1991, he was awarded the
1739:Honorary Fellow of the Institute of Physics
1117:, which later came to form the geometry of
960:, Penrose spent 1961â63 as a researcher at
758:
179:Penrose interpretation of quantum mechanics
10423:
10409:
10155:
10141:
8644:
8630:
7788:
7774:
7372:
7358:
6879:
6865:
6634:
6620:
6279:
6265:
6249:
5984:"On Penrose's 'Before the Big Bang' ideas"
4614:Proceedings of the Eleventh Conference on
3927:
3744:
3549:
3514:
3389:
2439:
2433:
2425:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2390:
1786:United States National Academy of Sciences
1181:, a 1,099-page comprehensive guide to the
948:Research Fellowship for 1959â61, first at
46:
16:British mathematical physicist (born 1931)
6086:
5776:European Mathematical Information Service
5442:
4835:
4694:
4469:
4425:
4383:Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (4) 655.
4090:
4069:
4059:
3888:
3846:
3834:
3587:
3577:
3264:
3258:
3227:
3100:
2739:
2496:
2078:
2076:
2074:
1697:Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1972
1608:(with Wolfgang Rindler, 1988) (reprint),
1132:In 1983, Penrose was invited to teach at
10749:English people of Russian-Jewish descent
10739:English expatriates in the United States
7379:
4406:
3731:
2002:List of things named after Roger Penrose
1891:Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute
1674:
1314:
1223:
1078:
1058:BelinskiâKhalatnikovâLifshitz conjecture
1015:
905:
6369:The Large, the Small and the Human Mind
6069:
5997:, Center for Relativistic Astrophysics)
5478:- website of the Faculty of Physics of
5062:The Large, the Small and the Human Mind
4992:
4965:
4926:
4887:
4858:
4678:
4410:(1996). "Penrose's Gödelian argument".
4280:
4208:
4106:Finster, F.; Smoller, J.A.; Yau, S.-T.
4002:
3865:, Vintage; Reprint edition (1 May 2012)
3757:
3441:
3404:
3289:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
3131:
2883:
2796:(PhD thesis). University of Cambridge.
2711:
2663:
2293:MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive
2275:
1544:The Large, the Small and the Human Mind
1413:The Large, the Small and the Human Mind
996:, as developed under the leadership of
794:, whose son with American photographer
10699:Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
10626:
5411:from the original on 29 September 2020
5398:
5380:from the original on 24 September 2020
4744:
4138:
4041:
3874:
3700:
3282:
2230:
2071:
1685:Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics
1620:His forewords to other books include:
1526:His co-authored publications include:
1423:Penrose and Hameroff have argued that
1219:
968:. He later held visiting positions at
931:
802:. Penrose is the brother of physicist
777:Alexander Peckover, 1st Baron Peckover
10799:Pennsylvania State University faculty
10430:
10404:
10136:
8625:
7769:
7353:
6860:
6615:
6602:
6260:
5796:from the original on 30 November 2010
5623:Nominations for honorary degrees 2020
5548:Registrar: Honorary Degrees 2011-2012
5178:
4301:from the original on 19 November 2021
4177:
4159:from the original on 19 November 2021
3652:from the original on 11 November 2020
2952:
2852:
2549:from the original on 12 November 2020
2531:"Lee Miller, the mother I never knew"
1703:and Penrose were jointly awarded the
1670:
987:, then at Cambridge) in the words of
6468:PenroseâHawking singularity theorems
6157:Roger Penrose: A Knight on the tiles
5723:from the original on 30 October 2012
5694:from the original on 11 October 2020
5589:from the original on 7 December 2021
5529:from the original on 7 December 2021
5401:"Appointments to the Order of Merit"
5340:"Honorary Graduates 1989 to present"
5265:from the original on 26 January 2021
5226:from the original on 26 January 2021
5160:from the original on 26 January 2021
5040:from the original on 7 December 2021
4972:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
4947:from the original on 7 December 2021
4908:from the original on 7 December 2021
4869:from the original on 7 December 2021
4765:from the original on 7 December 2021
4395:http://cs.nyu.edu/cs/faculty/davism/
4353:MindPapers: 6.1b. Godelian arguments
4259:from the original on 13 October 2020
4229:from the original on 7 December 2021
4190:from the original on 7 December 2021
4139:Ferris, Timothy (19 November 1989).
4084:
4023:from the original on 7 December 2021
3984:from the original on 1 November 2020
3958:from the original on 1 November 2020
3758:Johnson, George (27 February 2005).
3694:
3622:from the original on 12 October 2020
3371:from the original on 2 February 2021
3341:from the original on 7 December 2021
3209:from the original on 11 October 2020
3064:from the original on 3 February 2021
2995:from the original on 22 October 2020
2965:from the original on 10 January 2017
2904:from the original on 7 December 2021
2865:from the original on 26 January 2021
2789:Tensor Methods in Algebraic Geometry
2779:
2767:from the original on 11 October 2020
2714:"A generalized inverse for matrices"
2528:
2472:
2460:from the original on 7 December 2021
2263:from the original on 7 December 2021
2082:
1868:University of Santiago de Compostela
1853:Oxford University Scientific Society
1435:(orchestrated objective reduction).
1337:to demonstrate that a system can be
1240:Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe
940:) and was then a research fellow at
938:Royal Holloway, University of London
745:PenroseâHawking singularity theorems
588:Tensor Methods in Algebraic Geometry
229:PenroseâHawking singularity theorems
10709:Alumni of University College London
10669:21st-century British mathematicians
10649:20th-century British mathematicians
8360:TolmanâOppenheimerâVolkoff equation
8313:FriedmannâLemaĂźtreâRobertsonâWalker
6169:Penrose's Gifford Lecture biography
5876:from the original on 5 October 2020
5719:. Gruberprizes.org. 8 August 1931.
5664:from the original on 8 October 2020
5244:
5140:Weston-smith, Meg (16 April 2013).
4993:Penrose, Roger (5 September 2017).
4966:Penrose, Roger (6 September 2011).
4660:from the original on 3 October 2020
4637:National Research Council of Canada
4331:from the original on 9 October 2020
4178:Stork, David G. (29 October 1989).
4120:from the original on 7 October 2020
4003:Penrose, Roger (5 September 2017).
3770:from the original on 3 January 2021
3496:from the original on 8 October 2020
3240:from the original on 5 October 2020
3179:from the original on 5 October 2020
3025:from the original on 8 October 2020
2834:from the original on 9 October 2020
2785:
2678:from the original on 7 January 2021
2645:from the original on 6 October 2020
2614:from the original on 8 October 2020
2481:"John Beresford Leathes. 1864â1956"
2372:from the original on 6 October 2020
2339:from the original on 6 October 2020
2303:
2162:from the original on 9 October 2020
2105:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U30531
1393:aspects of the argument to attack.
706:Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics
13:
10704:Alumni of the University of London
10689:Academics of King's College London
5769:"Interview with Sir Roger Penrose"
5638:Cambridge confers honorary degrees
5320:from the original on 29 April 2016
4791:from the original on 10 March 2014
4524:Bringsford, S. and Xiao, H. 2000.
3228:Wolchover, Natalie (6 June 2019).
2666:"Just Visiting: Sir Roger Penrose"
2231:Siegel, Matthew (8 January 2008).
1973:
1966:and former head of mathematics at
1481:His popular publications include:
1400:Penrose responded to criticism of
1189:predicts the relationship between
1094:, which maps geometric objects in
917:As reviewer Manjit Kumar puts it:
903:were in turn inspired by Penrose.
859:, after it had been reinvented by
685:(born 8 August 1931) is a British
14:
10875:
10774:Fellows of Wadham College, Oxford
10674:21st-century British philosophers
10659:20th-century British philosophers
8130:HamiltonâJacobiâEinstein equation
6604:Articles related to Roger Penrose
6286:
5892:
3682:from the original on 17 June 2016
3518:An Introduction to Twistor Theory
3166:
2953:Kumar, Manjit (15 October 2010).
2934:from the original on 29 June 2020
2754:
2329:"The Nobel Prize in Physics 2020"
2132:from the original on 7 March 2021
1928:Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
1729:In 1989, Penrose was awarded the
883:. He devised and popularised the
779:; his maternal grandparents were
771:. His paternal grandparents were
315: 1959, divorced)
10694:Albert Einstein Medal recipients
10611:
10599:
10587:
10575:
10544:
10543:
8608:
8607:
6513:Orchestrated objective reduction
6386:White Mars or, The Mind Set Free
5899:
5858:
5839:
5827:from the original on 18 May 2021
5815:Thomas Fink (19 December 2020).
5808:
5782:
5761:
5735:
5676:
5646:
5631:
5616:
5601:
5571:
5556:
5541:
5511:
5499:
5484:
5469:
4927:Penrose, Roger (31 March 2016).
4810:S. Hameroff; R. Penrose (2014).
4209:Penrose, Roger (28 April 2016).
4042:Kiefer, Claus (13 August 2013).
3672:"Roger Penrose at Rice, 1983â87"
3309:Kafatos, M.; Leiter, D. (1979).
2664:Ogilvie, Megan (23 March 2009).
2205:. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.
1957:
1310:
1020:Predicted view from outside the
10859:English people of Irish descent
10854:Wolf Prize in Physics laureates
10809:British philosophers of science
10679:21st-century British physicists
10664:20th-century British physicists
6828:OxfordâAstraZeneca Vaccine Team
6002:BBC interview on the new theory
5995:Georgia Institute of Technology
5935:Works by or about Roger Penrose
5792:. BBC News. 25 September 2010.
5451:
5423:
5399:Fisher, Connie (January 2012).
5392:
5362:
5332:
5302:
5277:
5238:
5199:
5172:
5133:
5106:
5079:
5052:
5013:
4986:
4959:
4920:
4881:
4852:
4777:
4672:
4642:
4629:
4343:
4313:
4241:
4202:
4171:
4132:
4099:
4078:
4035:
3996:
3970:
3940:
3921:
3868:
3855:
3808:
3782:
3751:
3664:
3634:
3604:
3543:
3508:
3478:
3435:
3398:
3383:
3353:
3302:
3285:"Singularities and Black Holes"
3252:
3221:
3191:
3160:
3076:
3037:
3007:
2977:
2946:
2916:
2877:
2846:
2816:
2748:
2705:
2690:
2657:
2626:
2561:
2522:
2384:
2031:
2014:
1896:In 2015 Penrose was awarded an
1476:
332:
312:
10864:Recipients of the Dalton Medal
10829:Recipients of the Copley Medal
7937:Massâenergy equivalence (E=mc)
7795:
6135:Tegmarks's rejoinder to Hagan
6026:Penrose on sidestepping reason
5251:. Princeton University Press.
5065:. Cambridge University Press.
5026:. Princeton University Press.
4999:. Princeton University Press.
4502:Review of Shadows of the Mind.
4009:. Princeton University Press.
3701:Hodges, Andrew Philip (1975).
3050:. W. W. Norton & Company.
2853:Welch, Chris (23 March 2012).
2224:
2194:
2174:
2144:
2118:
2028:for their work on black holes.
1860:American Philosophical Society
1851:and one of the patrons of the
1825:Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
1788:. In 2000, he was appointed a
1711:. In 1985, he was awarded the
1371:Gödel's incompleteness theorem
1359:strong artificial intelligence
1090:In 1967, Penrose invented the
562:Birkbeck, University of London
1:
10789:Members of the Order of Merit
6473:Riemannian Penrose inequality
6212:Oxford Mathematics Interviews
5459:"London Mathematical Society"
4471:10.1016/s0004-3702(98)00052-6
3742:Mathematics Genealogy Project
3311:"1979ApJ...229...46K Page 46"
3287:, in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.),
2529:Hall, Chris (19 March 2016).
2064:
1841:University of New South Wales
1815:In 2005, Penrose received an
1693:American Institute of Physics
1689:American Astronomical Society
1559:White Mars: The Mind Set Free
1555:, and Stephen Hawking) (1997)
1404:with his follow-up 1994 book
1333:). Penrose uses a variant of
1214:Pennsylvania State University
1209:attains a significant level.
1076:or PenroseâTerrell rotation.
966:University of Texas at Austin
458:James Scott Prize Lectureship
10834:British relativity theorists
10814:Academics of Gresham College
10764:Fellows of the Royal Society
6380:and Stephen Hawking) (1997)
6355:The Nature of Space and Time
6054: (archived 18 June 2008)
5991:"Aeons Before the Big Bang?"
5370:"Sir Roger Penrose | Person"
5023:The Nature of Space and Time
2887:Philosophy: All That Matters
2112:UK public library membership
1795:In 2004, he was awarded the
1790:Member of the Order of Merit
1569:His academic books include:
1532:The Nature of Space and Time
1070:second law of thermodynamics
1054:cosmic censorship hypothesis
1028:lit by a thin accretion disc
942:St John's College, Cambridge
877:St John's College, Cambridge
786:and Sonia Marie Natanson, a
718:St John's College, Cambridge
716:, and an honorary fellow of
611:Other academic advisors
446:Naylor Prize and Lectureship
254:SchrödingerâNewton equations
100:St John's College, Cambridge
7:
10759:Recreational mathematicians
7952:Relativistic Doppler effect
5491:Eredoctor Sir Roger Penrose
4894:. Oxford University Press.
4837:10.1016/j.plrev.2013.08.002
4434:Krajewski, Stanislaw 2007.
4287:. Oxford University Press.
4215:. Oxford University Press.
2604:"Roger Penrose â Biography"
1995:
1940:supermassive compact object
1801:London Mathematical Society
1759:London Mathematical Society
1244:cosmic microwave background
1233:cosmic background radiation
790:. His uncle was artist Sir
410:Fellow of the Royal Society
10:
10880:
10824:British quantum physicists
10794:Nobel laureates in Physics
10472:Sir Joseph 'J. J.' Thomson
8423:In computational physics:
7947:Relativity of simultaneity
6537:Conformal cyclic cosmology
6498:Penrose graphical notation
5658:interestingengineering.com
5567:Kyiv Polytechnic Institute
5245:Zee, A. (1 October 2015).
3934:Cambridge University Press
3612:"Penrose on Spin Networks"
3019:Cambridge Society of Paris
2440:Brookfield, Tarah (2018).
2391:Brookfield, Tarah (2018).
1913:Honorary Doctor of Science
1782:Polish Academy of Sciences
1709:Royal Astronomical Society
1270:conformal cyclic cosmology
1258:Einstein's field equations
1175:In 2004, Penrose released
572:Polish Academy of Sciences
283:Conformal cyclic cosmology
234:Penrose graphical notation
10541:
10440:
10333:
10303:
10267:
10236:
10217:
10197:
10172:
9773:
9430:
9119:
8897:
8663:
8605:
8437:
8302:
8274:
8260:LenseâThirring precession
8143:
8092:
8054:
8033:
8022:
7980:
7924:
7908:
7850:
7842:Doubly special relativity
7814:
7803:
7387:
7307:
7256:
7165:
7104:
7029:
6922:
6895:
6650:
6609:
6545:
6438:Weyl curvature hypothesis
6400:
6345:
6294:
6147:"Toilet Paper Plagiarism"
5852:24 September 2015 at the
4321:"In Memoriam: John Lucas"
4048:ISRN Mathematical Physics
3907:10.1016/j.aop.2013.08.002
3550:Steinhardt, Paul (1996).
3464:10.1017/S0305004100033776
3315:The Astrophysical Journal
3154:10.1103/PhysRevLett.14.57
2741:10.1017/S0305004100030401
2701:University College London
2573:Farleys House and Gallery
2569:"Illustrated Mathematics"
2047:, which is based on the '
1780:, and became a member of
1289:Einstein's field equation
1266:Weyl curvature hypothesis
1066:Weyl curvature hypothesis
976:during 1966â67 and 1969.
834:University College London
830:University College School
722:University College London
699:Nobel Laureate in Physics
676:
620:
610:
598:
580:
524:
510:
503:
382:
351:
343:
291:
169:Weyl curvature hypothesis
113:
90:University College London
82:
57:
45:
23:
10654:Mathematics popularizers
10532:Sir Konstantin Novoselov
8120:Post-Newtonian formalism
8110:Einstein field equations
8046:Mathematical formulation
7870:Hyperbolic orthogonality
6458:NewmanâPenrose formalism
6105:10.1103/physreve.61.4194
6041:28 November 2007 at the
5980:Proceedings of EPAC 2006
5444:10.1063/PT.6.6.20180808a
4713:10.1103/physreve.61.4194
4602:The Four Sons of Penrose
4589:27 December 2016 at the
4532:24 February 2021 at the
4494:. Philosophy 44 231â233.
4489:25 February 2021 at the
4445:26 December 2016 at the
3579:10.1073/pnas.93.25.14267
3527:10.1017/cbo9780511624018
3429:10.1103/PhysRev.116.1041
2884:Baggini, Julian (2012).
2298:University of St Andrews
2180:Ferguson, Kitty (1991).
2054:Ascending and Descending
2007:
1829:Doctor of the University
1819:(Dr.h.c.) from each the
1679:Penrose during a lecture
1335:Turing's halting theorem
1205:until the difference of
900:Ascending and Descending
759:Early life and education
751:"for the discovery that
712:, an emeritus fellow of
464:Karl Schwarzschild Medal
189:NewmanâPenrose formalism
10839:Rice University faculty
10784:Mathematical physicists
10754:English science writers
10719:British Nobel laureates
7831:Galilean transformation
7822:Principle of relativity
7037:Pierre-Gilles de Gennes
6418:Abstract index notation
5961:Original 2005 lecture:
5642:University of Cambridge
5627:University of Cambridge
5612:University of Edinburgh
5209:Quantum Aspects Of Life
4888:Penrose, Roger (1994).
4859:Penrose, Roger (1989).
4816:Physics of Life Reviews
4785:"Anirban Bandyopadhyay"
4745:Tetlow, Philip (2007).
4577:19 October 2012 at the
4484:Lucas against mechanism
4458:Artificial Intelligence
4400:3 December 1998 at the
4325:www.philosophy.ox.ac.uk
4281:Penrose, Roger (2016).
3134:Physical Review Letters
2828:University of Cambridge
2479:Rudolph Peters (1958).
2097:Oxford University Press
1988:Penrose is a patron of
1982:A Brief History of Time
1952:University of Cambridge
1938:for the discovery of a
1917:University of Edinburgh
1898:Doctorate Honoris Causa
1817:Doctorate Honoris Causa
1751:Albert Einstein Society
1650:Quantum Aspects of Life
1642:"A Computable Universe"
1470:Physics of Life Reviews
1355:wave function reduction
1331:correct quantum gravity
1319:Penrose at a conference
1305:WheelerâDeWitt equation
1052:Following up his "weak
867:, Penrose received his
739:, which he shared with
537:Bedford College, London
144:Abstract index notation
10644:People from Colchester
10339:Nobel Prize recipients
10269:Physiology or Medicine
10182:Emmanuelle Charpentier
8657:Nobel Prize in Physics
7916:Lorentz transformation
7401:James Joseph Sylvester
6577:John Beresford Leathes
6517:PenroseâLucas argument
6508:PenroseâTerrell effect
6303:The Emperor's New Mind
6222:Mathematical Institute
6203:, filmed event at the
5989:Revised 2009 lecture:
5975:Original publication:
5585:(in Mexican Spanish).
5552:Trinity College Dublin
5285:"Our Honorary Fellows"
5179:Zenil, Hector (2013).
4862:The Emperor's New Mind
3102:10.1098/rsbm.2009.0023
2498:10.1098/rsbm.1958.0016
1924:Nobel Prize in Physics
1883:Trinity College Dublin
1858:He was elected to the
1813:
1737:. He was also made an
1680:
1402:The Emperor's New Mind
1390:PenroseâLucas argument
1326:The Emperor's New Mind
1320:
1235:
1197:, and proposes that a
1187:Penrose Interpretation
1087:
1029:
998:John Archibald Wheeler
962:King's College, London
929:
914:
836:, where he obtained a
784:John Beresford Leathes
749:Nobel Prize in Physics
714:Wadham College, Oxford
695:philosopher of science
691:mathematical physicist
567:Wadham College, Oxford
557:King's College, London
494:Nobel Prize in Physics
263:PenroseâLucas argument
244:PenroseâTerrell effect
10490:Sir Cyril Hinshelwood
10466:Sir Ernest Rutherford
8384:WeylâLewisâPapapetrou
8125:Raychaudhuri equation
8064:Equivalence principle
7561:George Neville Watson
7268:Pablo Jarillo-Herrero
6889:Wolf Prize in Physics
6453:MooreâPenrose inverse
6428:Geometry of spacetime
6234:The Penrose Institute
5968:7 August 2009 at the
5925:Awake in the Universe
4607:9 August 2017 at the
3283:Curiel, Erik (2020),
2989:King's College London
2890:. John Murray Press.
2639:www.timesofisrael.com
1970:. They have one son.
1805:
1768:In 1994, Penrose was
1743:Albert Einstein Medal
1731:Dirac Medal and Prize
1720:Wolf Prize in Physics
1678:
1318:
1227:
1082:
1019:
919:
909:
857:MooreâPenrose inverse
828:. Penrose studied at
737:Wolf Prize in Physics
440:Albert Einstein Medal
154:Geometry of spacetime
129:MooreâPenrose inverse
120:List of contributions
10448:Henry Edward Schunck
10230:World Food Programme
8425:Numerical relativity
8266:pulsar timing arrays
7737:John Griggs Thompson
7729:Keith William Morton
7513:Godfrey Harold Hardy
7381:De Morgan Medallists
7057:Joseph H. Taylor Jr.
6820:Jocelyn Bell Burnell
6583:Illumination problem
6443:Penrose inequalities
5688:The Gifford Lectures
5523:search.amphilsoc.org
5519:"APS Member History"
5506:Presentation address
5465:on 31 December 2004.
5437:(8). 8 August 2018.
5374:Fetzer Franklin Fund
5289:Institute of Physics
5212:. World Scientific.
5185:. World Scientific.
5146:. World Scientific.
4514:9 March 2021 at the
4358:11 June 2011 at the
2712:Penrose, R. (1955).
2284:Robertson, Edmund F.
2086:"Penrose, Sir Roger"
1944:centre of our galaxy
1915:degree (DSc) by the
1885:(Ireland) as well a
1735:Institute of Physics
1431:, which they dubbed
1207:space-time curvature
1123:loop quantum gravity
958:University of London
710:University of Oxford
542:Princeton University
515:Mathematical physics
174:Penrose inequalities
164:Illumination problem
10849:Royal Medal winners
10526:Lord Rees of Ludlow
8317:Friedmann equations
8211:HulseâTaylor binary
8173:Gravitational waves
8069:Riemannian geometry
7895:Proper acceleration
7880:Maxwell's equations
7826:Galilean relativity
6996:Albert J. Libchaber
6992:Mitchell Feigenbaum
6913:Giuseppe Occhialini
6844:Gregory Paul Winter
6319:The Road to Reality
6311:Shadows of the Mind
6097:2000PhRvE..61.4194T
5945:Dangerous Knowledge
5660:. 27 October 2019.
5350:on 19 December 2015
5092:. Open Road Media.
4828:2014PhLRv..11...39H
4705:2000PhRvE..61.4194T
4620:, G. Sutcliffe and
4370:3 July 2020 at the
4071:10.1155/2013/509316
3936:. pp. 581â638.
3899:2013AnPhy.338..186S
3676:Rice History Corner
3570:1996PNAS...9314267S
3564:(25): 14267â14270.
3456:1959PCPS...55..137P
3421:1959PhRv..116.1041T
3327:1979ApJ...229...46K
3146:1965PhRvL..14...57P
2761:www.zhengwenjie.net
2732:1955PCPS...51..406P
2282:O'Connor, John J.;
1695:. He was elected a
1410:, and in 1997 with
1407:Shadows of the Mind
1220:An earlier universe
1129:(causal diagrams).
1003:conformal structure
994:perturbation theory
956:. Returning to the
954:Syracuse University
932:Research and career
842:First Class Honours
832:. He then attended
552:Syracuse University
184:DiĂłsiâPenrose model
10520:Sir Bernard Lovell
10478:Sir Lawrence Bragg
8366:ReissnerâNordström
8284:BransâDicke theory
8115:Linearized gravity
7942:Length contraction
7860:Frame of reference
7837:Special relativity
7272:Allan H. MacDonald
7243:Charles H. Bennett
7221:Robert P. Kirshner
7211:Juan Ignacio Cirac
6804:John B. Goodenough
6248:on Nobelprize.org
5909:has a profile for
5690:. 18 August 2014.
5344:University of Bath
4553:on 25 January 2001
4507:The New York Times
4145:The New York Times
3980:. 21 August 2018.
3954:. 21 August 2018.
3796:on 1 November 2012
3764:The New York Times
3725:uk.bl.ethos.459296
3642:"Penrose diagrams"
3490:www.maths.ox.ac.uk
2830:. 6 October 2020.
2633:AP and TOI staff.
2579:on 11 October 2020
2365:The New York Times
2184:. Franklin Watts.
2158:. 6 October 2020.
1887:Honorary Doctorate
1833:University of York
1778:University of Bath
1726:(Israel) in 1988.
1681:
1671:Awards and honours
1321:
1236:
1195:general relativity
1088:
1062:general relativity
1030:
970:Yeshiva University
915:
873:algebraic geometry
729:general relativity
532:Cornell University
204:Penrose inequality
10744:British geometers
10734:English humanists
10729:British agnostics
10563:
10562:
10557:
10556:
10514:Sir Roger Penrose
10508:Sir Walter Bodmer
10433:Dalton Medallists
10398:
10397:
10305:Economic Sciences
10130:
10129:
8619:
8618:
8433:
8432:
8412:OzsvĂĄthâSchĂŒcking
8018:
8017:
8000:Minkowski diagram
7957:Thomas precession
7900:Relativistic mass
7763:
7762:
7681:Albrecht Fröhlich
7641:C. Ambrose Rogers
7569:A. S. Besicovitch
7457:J. W. L. Glaisher
7347:
7346:
7187:Maximilian Haider
7122:Bertrand Halperin
7116:Masatoshi Koshiba
7112:Raymond Davis Jr.
7063:BenoĂźt Mandelbrot
7051:Valentine Telegdi
7047:Maurice Goldhaber
7041:David J. Thouless
7010:Riccardo Giacconi
6986:Philippe NoziĂšres
6962:Martin Lewis Perl
6948:Gerardus 't Hooft
6938:Kenneth G. Wilson
6887:Laureates of the
6854:
6853:
6796:Jeffrey I. Gordon
6780:Richard Henderson
6643:Copley Medallists
6596:
6595:
6532:Andromeda paradox
6503:Penrose transform
6433:Cosmic censorship
6205:Royal Institution
6075:Physical Review E
5915:
5743:"Vanessa Penrose"
5640:- website of the
5625:- website of the
5610:- website of the
5550:- website by the
5480:Warsaw University
5258:978-1-4008-7450-7
5219:978-1-908978-73-8
5192:978-981-4374-30-9
5153:978-1-84816-943-2
5126:978-3-319-72478-2
5099:978-1-5040-1028-3
5072:978-0-521-78572-3
5033:978-0-691-03791-2
5006:978-0-691-17853-0
4979:978-0-307-59674-1
4940:978-1-4464-1820-8
4901:978-0-19-510646-6
4758:978-0-470-13794-9
4682:Physical Review E
4654:Discover Magazine
4597:Nachum Dershowitz
4544:In an article at
4408:Feferman, Solomon
4294:978-0-19-878492-0
4222:978-0-19-255007-1
4184:Los Angeles Times
4016:978-0-691-17853-0
3877:Annals of Physics
3646:jila.colorado.edu
3536:978-0-521-45157-4
3361:"Penrose process"
3057:978-0-393-31276-8
3021:. 12 March 2019.
2897:978-1-4441-5585-3
2699:- website of the
2453:978-0-7748-6022-2
2404:978-0-7748-6019-2
2249:10.1063/1.2810893
2212:978-0-7167-0344-0
2110:(Subscription or
1964:Cokethorpe School
1948:Doctor of Science
1909:Urbino University
1879:Doctor of Science
1835:and also won the
1823:(Poland) and the
1821:Warsaw University
1774:Doctor of Science
1441:Physical Review E
1301:coordinate system
1274:Hawking radiation
1191:quantum mechanics
979:In 1964, while a
812:chess Grandmaster
683:Sir Roger Penrose
680:
679:
621:Doctoral students
505:Scientific career
434:Dirac Medal (IOP)
302:Joan Isabel Wedge
278:Andromeda paradox
249:pp-wave spacetime
239:Penrose transform
159:Cosmic censorship
25:Sir Roger Penrose
10871:
10779:Knights Bachelor
10616:
10615:
10614:
10604:
10603:
10592:
10591:
10590:
10580:
10579:
10578:
10571:
10551:
10547:
10546:
10502:Sir Harold Kroto
10484:Patrick Blackett
10460:Osborne Reynolds
10454:Sir Henry Roscoe
10434:
10425:
10418:
10411:
10402:
10401:
10341:
10324:Robert B. Wilson
10290:(United Kingdom)
10288:Michael Houghton
10248:(United Kingdom)
10157:
10150:
10143:
10134:
10133:
10123:
10107:
10091:
10075:
10059:
10043:
10027:
10011:
9995:
9983:
9967:
9955:
9943:
9927:
9915:
9899:
9883:
9871:
9859:
9843:
9827:
9811:
9795:
9766:
9750:
9738:
9722:
9706:
9690:
9678:
9666:
9654:
9646:
9638:
9622:
9606:
9590:
9578:
9562:
9554:
9542:
9530:
9522:
9506:
9494:
9478:
9462:
9446:
9423:
9407:
9395:
9379:
9363:
9355:
9343:
9335:
9327:
9319:
9311:
9295:
9279:
9263:
9255:
9243:
9235:
9223:
9207:
9195:
9179:
9167:
9155:
9147:
9135:
9112:
9104:
9096:
9088:
9080:
9072:
9064:
9056:
9048:
9047:
9041:
9040:
9034:
9033:
9027:
9019:
9011:
8999:
8987:
8979:
8978:
8972:
8960:
8952:
8951:
8945:
8937:
8929:
8921:
8909:
8890:
8878:
8870:
8862:
8854:
8846:
8838:
8830:
8822:
8814:
8813:
8807:
8795:
8787:
8785:Kamerlingh Onnes
8779:
8771:
8763:
8755:
8743:
8735:
8727:
8719:
8711:
8703:
8687:
8675:
8646:
8639:
8632:
8623:
8622:
8611:
8610:
8394:van Stockum dust
8166:Two-body problem
8084:Mach's principle
8031:
8030:
7972:Terrell rotation
7812:
7811:
7790:
7783:
7776:
7767:
7766:
7756:
7748:
7740:
7732:
7724:
7721:Bryan John Birch
7716:
7708:
7700:
7692:
7684:
7676:
7668:
7665:J. W. S. Cassels
7660:
7652:
7644:
7636:
7628:
7620:
7612:
7604:
7596:
7588:
7580:
7577:E. C. Titchmarsh
7572:
7564:
7556:
7548:
7540:
7537:J. E. Littlewood
7532:
7524:
7521:Bertrand Russell
7516:
7508:
7500:
7492:
7484:
7476:
7468:
7460:
7452:
7444:
7436:
7433:William Burnside
7428:
7420:
7412:
7404:
7396:
7374:
7367:
7360:
7351:
7350:
7217:James D. Bjorken
7201:Jacob Bekenstein
7136:François Englert
7002:Herbert Friedman
6958:Leon M. Lederman
6952:Victor Weisskopf
6909:George Uhlenbeck
6881:
6874:
6867:
6858:
6857:
6847:
6839:
6831:
6823:
6815:
6807:
6799:
6791:
6783:
6775:
6767:
6759:
6751:
6743:
6735:
6723:
6715:
6707:
6699:
6691:
6683:
6675:
6667:
6659:
6636:
6629:
6622:
6613:
6612:
6600:
6599:
6565:Jonathan Penrose
6522:FELIX experiment
6488:Penrose triangle
6393:
6381:
6378:Nancy Cartwright
6363:
6346:Coauthored books
6281:
6274:
6267:
6258:
6257:
6253:
6124:
6090:
6088:quant-ph/9907009
6081:(4): 4194â4206.
6027:
6003:
5946:
5939:Internet Archive
5913:
5903:
5902:
5886:
5885:
5883:
5881:
5862:
5856:
5843:
5837:
5836:
5834:
5832:
5812:
5806:
5805:
5803:
5801:
5786:
5780:
5779:
5773:
5765:
5759:
5758:
5756:
5754:
5749:on 27 March 2012
5739:
5733:
5732:
5730:
5728:
5713:
5704:
5703:
5701:
5699:
5680:
5674:
5673:
5671:
5669:
5650:
5644:
5635:
5629:
5620:
5614:
5605:
5599:
5598:
5596:
5594:
5575:
5569:
5560:
5554:
5545:
5539:
5538:
5536:
5534:
5515:
5509:
5503:
5497:
5488:
5482:
5473:
5467:
5466:
5461:. Archived from
5455:
5449:
5448:
5446:
5427:
5421:
5420:
5418:
5416:
5405:The Royal Family
5396:
5390:
5389:
5387:
5385:
5366:
5360:
5359:
5357:
5355:
5346:. Archived from
5336:
5330:
5329:
5327:
5325:
5306:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5295:
5281:
5275:
5274:
5272:
5270:
5242:
5236:
5235:
5233:
5231:
5203:
5197:
5196:
5176:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5165:
5137:
5131:
5130:
5110:
5104:
5103:
5083:
5077:
5076:
5056:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5045:
5017:
5011:
5010:
4990:
4984:
4983:
4963:
4957:
4956:
4954:
4952:
4933:. Random House.
4924:
4918:
4917:
4915:
4913:
4885:
4879:
4878:
4876:
4874:
4856:
4850:
4849:
4839:
4807:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4796:
4781:
4775:
4774:
4772:
4770:
4742:
4733:
4732:
4698:
4696:quant-ph/9907009
4689:(4): 4194â4206.
4676:
4670:
4669:
4667:
4665:
4646:
4640:
4633:
4627:
4562:
4560:
4558:
4549:. Archived from
4475:
4473:
4464:(1â2): 265â286.
4431:
4429:
4347:
4341:
4340:
4338:
4336:
4317:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4306:
4278:
4269:
4268:
4266:
4264:
4245:
4239:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4206:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4195:
4175:
4169:
4168:
4166:
4164:
4136:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4119:
4112:
4103:
4097:
4096:
4094:
4082:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4063:
4039:
4033:
4032:
4030:
4028:
4000:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3989:
3974:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3963:
3944:
3938:
3937:
3925:
3919:
3918:
3892:
3872:
3866:
3859:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3838:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3827:
3822:on 16 April 2008
3818:. Archived from
3812:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3801:
3792:. Archived from
3786:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3755:
3749:
3748:
3735:
3729:
3728:
3698:
3692:
3691:
3689:
3687:
3668:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3627:
3608:
3602:
3601:
3591:
3581:
3547:
3541:
3540:
3512:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3482:
3476:
3475:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3415:(4): 1041â1045.
3402:
3396:
3395:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3365:Oxford Reference
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3306:
3300:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3280:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3256:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3245:
3225:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3214:
3195:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3184:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3129:
3123:
3122:
3104:
3080:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3011:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2939:
2920:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2786:Penrose, Roger.
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2709:
2703:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2683:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2600:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2575:. Archived from
2565:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2526:
2520:
2514:
2509:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2437:
2431:
2430:
2424:
2416:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2325:
2316:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2228:
2222:
2216:
2198:
2192:
2178:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2108:
2088:
2080:
2058:
2049:Penrose triangle
2035:
2029:
2018:
1659:Fearful Symmetry
1592:Wolfgang Rindler
1553:Nancy Cartwright
1439:, in a paper in
1127:Penrose diagrams
1074:Terrell rotation
972:, Princeton and
912:Penrose triangle
885:Penrose triangle
815:Jonathan Penrose
806:, of geneticist
773:J. Doyle Penrose
600:Doctoral advisor
594:
392:
364:Jonathan Penrose
336:
334:
316:
314:
268:FELIX experiment
219:Penrose triangle
123:
77:, Essex, England
71:
67:
65:
50:
40:
21:
20:
10879:
10878:
10874:
10873:
10872:
10870:
10869:
10868:
10624:
10623:
10622:
10612:
10610:
10598:
10588:
10586:
10576:
10574:
10566:
10564:
10559:
10558:
10553:
10549:
10537:
10496:Dorothy Hodgkin
10436:
10432:
10429:
10399:
10394:
10337:
10329:
10326:(United States)
10320:(United States)
10299:
10296:(United States)
10294:Charles M. Rice
10284:(United States)
10282:Harvey J. Alter
10263:
10260:(United States)
10252:Reinhard Genzel
10232:
10213:
10212:(United States)
10193:
10190:(United States)
10188:Jennifer Doudna
10168:
10161:
10131:
10126:
10110:
10094:
10078:
10062:
10046:
10030:
10014:
9998:
9986:
9970:
9958:
9946:
9930:
9918:
9902:
9886:
9874:
9862:
9846:
9830:
9814:
9798:
9782:
9775:
9769:
9753:
9741:
9725:
9716:Cohen-Tannoudji
9709:
9693:
9681:
9669:
9657:
9649:
9641:
9625:
9609:
9593:
9581:
9565:
9557:
9545:
9533:
9525:
9509:
9497:
9481:
9465:
9449:
9437:
9426:
9410:
9398:
9382:
9366:
9358:
9346:
9338:
9330:
9322:
9314:
9298:
9282:
9266:
9258:
9246:
9238:
9226:
9210:
9198:
9182:
9170:
9158:
9150:
9138:
9126:
9115:
9107:
9099:
9091:
9083:
9075:
9067:
9059:
9051:
9045:
9044:
9038:
9037:
9031:
9030:
9022:
9014:
9002:
8990:
8982:
8976:
8975:
8963:
8955:
8949:
8948:
8940:
8932:
8924:
8912:
8904:
8893:
8881:
8873:
8865:
8857:
8849:
8841:
8833:
8825:
8817:
8811:
8810:
8798:
8790:
8782:
8774:
8766:
8758:
8746:
8738:
8730:
8722:
8714:
8706:
8690:
8678:
8670:
8659:
8650:
8620:
8615:
8601:
8429:
8333:BKL singularity
8323:LemaĂźtreâTolman
8298:
8294:Quantum gravity
8276:
8270:
8256:geodetic effect
8230:(together with
8200:LISA Pathfinder
8139:
8088:
8074:Penrose diagram
8056:
8050:
8025:
8014:
8010:Minkowski space
7976:
7920:
7904:
7852:
7846:
7806:
7799:
7794:
7764:
7759:
7751:
7743:
7735:
7727:
7719:
7711:
7703:
7695:
7687:
7679:
7671:
7663:
7655:
7647:
7639:
7631:
7623:
7617:Mary Cartwright
7615:
7607:
7599:
7591:
7583:
7575:
7567:
7559:
7551:
7543:
7535:
7529:E. T. Whittaker
7527:
7519:
7511:
7503:
7495:
7487:
7479:
7471:
7463:
7455:
7447:
7441:A. G. Greenhill
7439:
7431:
7423:
7415:
7407:
7399:
7391:
7383:
7378:
7348:
7343:
7303:
7284:Anne L'Huillier
7264:Rafi Bistritzer
7252:
7247:Gilles Brassard
7181:Anton Zeilinger
7173:John F. Clauser
7161:
7146:Daniel Kleppner
7126:Anthony Leggett
7100:
7069:Vitaly Ginzburg
7025:
7020:Stephen Hawking
6982:Conyers Herring
6976:Theodore Maiman
6918:
6903:Chien-Shiung Wu
6891:
6885:
6855:
6850:
6842:
6834:
6826:
6818:
6810:
6802:
6794:
6786:
6778:
6770:
6762:
6754:
6746:
6738:
6726:
6718:
6710:
6702:
6696:Stephen Hawking
6694:
6686:
6678:
6670:
6662:
6654:
6646:
6640:
6605:
6597:
6592:
6571:Shirley Hodgson
6541:
6527:Trapped surface
6478:Penrose process
6463:Penrose diagram
6423:Black hole bomb
6396:
6390:Brian W. Aldiss
6384:
6366:
6360:Stephen Hawking
6352:
6341:
6290:
6285:
6151:Wayback Machine
6052:Wayback Machine
6043:Wayback Machine
6025:
6001:
5970:Wayback Machine
5944:
5921:
5920:
5919:
5904:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5889:
5879:
5877:
5864:
5863:
5859:
5854:Wayback Machine
5844:
5840:
5830:
5828:
5813:
5809:
5799:
5797:
5788:
5787:
5783:
5771:
5767:
5766:
5762:
5752:
5750:
5741:
5740:
5736:
5726:
5724:
5715:
5714:
5707:
5697:
5695:
5684:"Roger Penrose"
5682:
5681:
5677:
5667:
5665:
5652:
5651:
5647:
5636:
5632:
5621:
5617:
5606:
5602:
5592:
5590:
5577:
5576:
5572:
5561:
5557:
5546:
5542:
5532:
5530:
5517:
5516:
5512:
5504:
5500:
5489:
5485:
5474:
5470:
5457:
5456:
5452:
5431:"Roger Penrose"
5429:
5428:
5424:
5414:
5412:
5397:
5393:
5383:
5381:
5368:
5367:
5363:
5353:
5351:
5338:
5337:
5333:
5323:
5321:
5308:
5307:
5303:
5293:
5291:
5283:
5282:
5278:
5268:
5266:
5259:
5243:
5239:
5229:
5227:
5220:
5204:
5200:
5193:
5177:
5173:
5163:
5161:
5154:
5138:
5134:
5127:
5111:
5107:
5100:
5084:
5080:
5073:
5057:
5053:
5043:
5041:
5034:
5018:
5014:
5007:
4991:
4987:
4980:
4964:
4960:
4950:
4948:
4941:
4925:
4921:
4911:
4909:
4902:
4886:
4882:
4872:
4870:
4857:
4853:
4808:
4804:
4794:
4792:
4783:
4782:
4778:
4768:
4766:
4759:
4743:
4736:
4677:
4673:
4663:
4661:
4648:
4647:
4643:
4634:
4630:
4622:Andrei Voronkov
4618:(LPAR; Jamaica)
4609:Wayback Machine
4591:Wayback Machine
4579:Wayback Machine
4556:
4554:
4545:
4534:Wayback Machine
4516:Wayback Machine
4491:Wayback Machine
4479:Lewis, David K.
4447:Wayback Machine
4427:10.1.1.130.7027
4402:Wayback Machine
4379:, et al. 1990.
4372:Wayback Machine
4360:Wayback Machine
4348:
4344:
4334:
4332:
4319:
4318:
4314:
4304:
4302:
4295:
4279:
4272:
4262:
4260:
4247:
4246:
4242:
4232:
4230:
4223:
4207:
4203:
4193:
4191:
4176:
4172:
4162:
4160:
4137:
4133:
4123:
4121:
4117:
4110:
4104:
4100:
4092:physics/0407071
4083:
4079:
4040:
4036:
4026:
4024:
4017:
4001:
3997:
3987:
3985:
3976:
3975:
3971:
3961:
3959:
3946:
3945:
3941:
3926:
3922:
3873:
3869:
3861:Roger Penrose,
3860:
3856:
3839:
3835:
3825:
3823:
3814:
3813:
3809:
3799:
3797:
3788:
3787:
3783:
3773:
3771:
3756:
3752:
3736:
3732:
3699:
3695:
3685:
3683:
3678:. 22 May 2013.
3670:
3669:
3665:
3655:
3653:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3625:
3623:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3548:
3544:
3537:
3513:
3509:
3499:
3497:
3484:
3483:
3479:
3440:
3436:
3408:Physical Review
3403:
3399:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3372:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3344:
3342:
3307:
3303:
3294:
3292:
3281:
3274:
3257:
3253:
3243:
3241:
3234:Quanta Magazine
3226:
3222:
3212:
3210:
3199:"Roger Penrose"
3197:
3196:
3192:
3182:
3180:
3167:Clark, Stuart.
3165:
3161:
3130:
3126:
3081:
3077:
3067:
3065:
3058:
3042:
3038:
3028:
3026:
3013:
3012:
3008:
2998:
2996:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2968:
2966:
2951:
2947:
2937:
2935:
2930:. 21 May 2013.
2928:Totally History
2922:
2921:
2917:
2907:
2905:
2898:
2882:
2878:
2868:
2866:
2851:
2847:
2837:
2835:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2784:
2780:
2770:
2768:
2755:Zheng, Wenjie.
2753:
2749:
2710:
2706:
2695:
2691:
2681:
2679:
2662:
2658:
2648:
2646:
2631:
2627:
2617:
2615:
2602:
2601:
2592:
2582:
2580:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2552:
2550:
2527:
2523:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2477:
2473:
2463:
2461:
2454:
2438:
2434:
2418:
2417:
2405:
2389:
2385:
2375:
2373:
2356:
2352:
2342:
2340:
2327:
2326:
2319:
2308:
2304:
2288:"Roger Penrose"
2280:
2276:
2266:
2264:
2229:
2225:
2213:
2199:
2195:
2179:
2175:
2165:
2163:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2135:
2133:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2109:
2081:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2061:
2036:
2032:
2022:Reinhard Genzel
2019:
2015:
2010:
1998:
1976:
1974:Religious views
1968:Abingdon School
1960:
1932:Reinhard Genzel
1831:(DUniv) by the
1797:De Morgan Medal
1747:Albert Einstein
1733:of the British
1724:Wolf Foundation
1705:Eddington Medal
1701:Stephen Hawking
1673:
1537:Stephen Hawking
1479:
1418:Stuart Hameroff
1367:halting problem
1313:
1222:
1183:Laws of Physics
1170:Richard S. Ward
1158:Tristan Needham
1134:Rice University
1103:Penrose tilings
1096:Minkowski space
1043:Penrose process
1011:Stephen Hawking
934:
861:Arne Bjerhammar
826:London, Ontario
808:Shirley Hodgson
761:
747:, and the 2020
741:Stephen Hawking
672:
668:Richard S. Ward
653:Tristan Needham
592:
576:
547:Rice University
499:
470:De Morgan Medal
452:Knight Bachelor
416:Eddington Medal
394:
393:
390:
372:Shirley Hodgson
339:
338:
335: 1988)
330:
326:
318:
310:
306:
303:
287:
273:Trapped surface
209:Penrose process
199:Penrose diagram
149:Black hole bomb
125:
124:
121:
109:
78:
72:
69:
63:
61:
53:
52:Penrose in 2011
41:
28:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
10877:
10867:
10866:
10861:
10856:
10851:
10846:
10841:
10836:
10831:
10826:
10821:
10816:
10811:
10806:
10801:
10796:
10791:
10786:
10781:
10776:
10771:
10766:
10761:
10756:
10751:
10746:
10741:
10736:
10731:
10726:
10721:
10716:
10711:
10706:
10701:
10696:
10691:
10686:
10681:
10676:
10671:
10666:
10661:
10656:
10651:
10646:
10641:
10636:
10621:
10620:
10608:
10596:
10584:
10582:United Kingdom
10561:
10560:
10555:
10554:
10542:
10539:
10538:
10536:
10535:
10529:
10523:
10517:
10511:
10505:
10499:
10493:
10487:
10481:
10475:
10469:
10463:
10457:
10451:
10444:
10442:
10438:
10437:
10428:
10427:
10420:
10413:
10405:
10396:
10395:
10393:
10392:
10387:
10382:
10377:
10372:
10367:
10362:
10357:
10352:
10347:
10342:
10334:
10331:
10330:
10328:
10327:
10321:
10314:
10312:
10301:
10300:
10298:
10297:
10291:
10285:
10278:
10276:
10265:
10264:
10262:
10261:
10258:Andrea M. Ghez
10255:
10249:
10242:
10240:
10234:
10233:
10228:
10226:
10215:
10214:
10208:
10206:
10195:
10194:
10192:
10191:
10185:
10178:
10176:
10170:
10169:
10160:
10159:
10152:
10145:
10137:
10128:
10127:
10125:
10124:
10108:
10092:
10076:
10060:
10044:
10028:
10012:
9996:
9984:
9968:
9956:
9944:
9928:
9916:
9900:
9884:
9872:
9860:
9844:
9828:
9812:
9796:
9779:
9777:
9771:
9770:
9768:
9767:
9751:
9739:
9723:
9707:
9691:
9679:
9667:
9655:
9647:
9639:
9623:
9607:
9591:
9579:
9563:
9555:
9543:
9531:
9523:
9507:
9495:
9479:
9463:
9452:P. W. Anderson
9447:
9434:
9432:
9428:
9427:
9425:
9424:
9408:
9396:
9380:
9364:
9356:
9344:
9336:
9328:
9320:
9312:
9296:
9280:
9273:Goeppert Mayer
9264:
9256:
9244:
9236:
9224:
9208:
9196:
9180:
9168:
9156:
9148:
9136:
9123:
9121:
9117:
9116:
9114:
9113:
9105:
9097:
9089:
9081:
9073:
9065:
9057:
9049:
9042:
9035:
9028:
9020:
9012:
9000:
8997:C. D. Anderson
8988:
8980:
8973:
8961:
8953:
8946:
8938:
8930:
8922:
8910:
8901:
8899:
8895:
8894:
8892:
8891:
8879:
8871:
8863:
8855:
8847:
8839:
8831:
8823:
8815:
8808:
8796:
8788:
8780:
8772:
8764:
8756:
8744:
8736:
8728:
8720:
8712:
8704:
8688:
8676:
8667:
8665:
8661:
8660:
8649:
8648:
8641:
8634:
8626:
8617:
8616:
8606:
8603:
8602:
8600:
8599:
8592:
8587:
8582:
8577:
8572:
8567:
8562:
8557:
8552:
8547:
8542:
8537:
8532:
8527:
8522:
8520:Choquet-Bruhat
8517:
8512:
8507:
8502:
8497:
8492:
8487:
8482:
8477:
8472:
8467:
8462:
8457:
8452:
8447:
8441:
8439:
8435:
8434:
8431:
8430:
8428:
8427:
8420:
8419:
8414:
8409:
8402:
8401:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8381:
8372:Axisymmetric:
8369:
8368:
8363:
8357:
8346:
8345:
8340:
8335:
8330:
8325:
8320:
8311:Cosmological:
8308:
8306:
8300:
8299:
8297:
8296:
8291:
8286:
8280:
8278:
8272:
8271:
8269:
8268:
8263:
8252:frame-dragging
8249:
8244:
8239:
8236:Einstein rings
8232:Einstein cross
8225:
8214:
8213:
8208:
8202:
8197:
8192:
8179:
8169:
8168:
8163:
8158:
8153:
8147:
8145:
8141:
8140:
8138:
8137:
8135:Ernst equation
8132:
8127:
8122:
8117:
8112:
8107:
8105:BSSN formalism
8102:
8096:
8094:
8090:
8089:
8087:
8086:
8081:
8076:
8071:
8066:
8060:
8058:
8052:
8051:
8049:
8048:
8043:
8037:
8035:
8028:
8020:
8019:
8016:
8015:
8013:
8012:
8007:
8002:
7997:
7992:
7986:
7984:
7978:
7977:
7975:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7962:Ladder paradox
7959:
7954:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7934:
7928:
7926:
7922:
7921:
7919:
7918:
7912:
7910:
7906:
7905:
7903:
7902:
7897:
7892:
7887:
7882:
7877:
7872:
7867:
7865:Speed of light
7862:
7856:
7854:
7848:
7847:
7845:
7844:
7839:
7834:
7828:
7818:
7816:
7809:
7801:
7800:
7793:
7792:
7785:
7778:
7770:
7761:
7760:
7758:
7757:
7749:
7745:Timothy Gowers
7741:
7733:
7725:
7717:
7709:
7701:
7693:
7685:
7677:
7669:
7661:
7653:
7649:Michael Atiyah
7645:
7637:
7629:
7621:
7613:
7605:
7597:
7593:W. V. D. Hodge
7589:
7581:
7573:
7565:
7557:
7553:Sydney Chapman
7549:
7541:
7533:
7525:
7517:
7509:
7501:
7497:P. A. MacMahon
7493:
7485:
7477:
7469:
7461:
7453:
7445:
7437:
7429:
7421:
7413:
7405:
7397:
7388:
7385:
7384:
7377:
7376:
7369:
7362:
7354:
7345:
7344:
7342:
7341:
7334:
7329:
7324:
7319:
7314:
7308:
7305:
7304:
7302:
7301:
7295:
7281:
7278:Giorgio Parisi
7275:
7260:
7258:
7254:
7253:
7251:
7250:
7240:
7230:
7224:
7214:
7204:
7198:
7184:
7169:
7167:
7163:
7162:
7160:
7159:
7156:Peter GrĂŒnberg
7149:
7143:
7129:
7119:
7108:
7106:
7102:
7101:
7099:
7098:
7092:
7085:Yakir Aharonov
7082:
7076:
7073:Yoichiro Nambu
7066:
7060:
7054:
7044:
7033:
7031:
7027:
7026:
7024:
7023:
7013:
6999:
6989:
6979:
6965:
6955:
6941:
6930:Michael Fisher
6926:
6924:
6920:
6919:
6917:
6916:
6906:
6899:
6897:
6893:
6892:
6884:
6883:
6876:
6869:
6861:
6852:
6851:
6849:
6848:
6840:
6832:
6824:
6816:
6808:
6800:
6792:
6784:
6776:
6768:
6760:
6752:
6748:John E. Walker
6744:
6736:
6724:
6716:
6708:
6700:
6692:
6684:
6676:
6668:
6660:
6656:Jacques Miller
6651:
6648:
6647:
6645:(2001âpresent)
6639:
6638:
6631:
6624:
6616:
6610:
6607:
6606:
6594:
6593:
6591:
6590:
6585:
6580:
6574:
6568:
6562:
6559:Oliver Penrose
6556:
6553:Lionel Penrose
6549:
6547:
6543:
6542:
6540:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6493:Penrose stairs
6490:
6485:
6483:Penrose tiling
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6460:
6455:
6450:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6408:Twistor theory
6404:
6402:
6398:
6397:
6395:
6394:
6382:
6364:
6349:
6347:
6343:
6342:
6340:
6339:
6331:
6327:Cycles of Time
6323:
6315:
6307:
6298:
6296:
6292:
6291:
6284:
6283:
6276:
6269:
6261:
6255:
6254:
6243:
6237:
6231:
6225:
6208:
6207:, October 2013
6198:
6194:Ideas Roadshow
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6154:
6144:
6143:
6142:
6141:
6140:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6056:
6055:
6033:
6022:
6011:
6010:
6009:
5998:
5987:
5973:
5956:
5941:
5932:
5912:Roger Penrose
5905:
5898:
5897:
5896:
5894:
5893:External links
5891:
5888:
5887:
5857:
5838:
5807:
5781:
5760:
5734:
5705:
5675:
5645:
5630:
5615:
5600:
5570:
5555:
5540:
5510:
5498:
5483:
5468:
5450:
5422:
5391:
5361:
5331:
5301:
5276:
5257:
5237:
5218:
5198:
5191:
5171:
5152:
5132:
5125:
5105:
5098:
5078:
5071:
5051:
5032:
5012:
5005:
4985:
4978:
4958:
4939:
4919:
4900:
4880:
4851:
4802:
4776:
4757:
4734:
4671:
4641:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4594:
4565:
4564:
4542:
4520:
4519:
4498:Putnam, Hilary
4495:
4476:
4449:
4432:
4404:
4384:
4377:Boolos, George
4374:
4362:
4342:
4312:
4293:
4270:
4240:
4221:
4201:
4170:
4131:
4098:
4077:
4034:
4015:
3995:
3969:
3939:
3920:
3867:
3863:Cycles of Time
3854:
3833:
3807:
3781:
3750:
3730:
3693:
3663:
3633:
3603:
3542:
3535:
3507:
3477:
3450:(1): 137â139.
3434:
3397:
3382:
3352:
3335:10.1086/156928
3301:
3272:
3251:
3220:
3190:
3159:
3124:
3075:
3056:
3036:
3006:
2976:
2945:
2915:
2896:
2876:
2845:
2815:
2778:
2747:
2726:(3): 406â413.
2704:
2689:
2656:
2625:
2590:
2560:
2521:
2504:
2471:
2452:
2432:
2403:
2383:
2350:
2333:NobelPrize.org
2317:
2302:
2274:
2223:
2211:
2193:
2173:
2143:
2117:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2030:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2004:
1997:
1994:
1975:
1972:
1959:
1956:
1900:(Dr.h.c.) by
1889:degree by the
1809:Twistor Theory
1672:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1654:
1645:
1638:
1629:
1618:
1617:
1603:
1585:
1567:
1566:
1556:
1540:
1524:
1523:
1515:
1507:
1499:
1491:
1478:
1475:
1465:Orch-OR theory
1449:John A. Smolin
1379:Merton College
1347:Turing machine
1341:without being
1312:
1309:
1262:Weyl curvature
1253:Cycles of Time
1221:
1218:
1092:twistor theory
1085:Penrose tiling
933:
930:
865:W. V. D. Hodge
804:Oliver Penrose
800:Antony Penrose
792:Roland Penrose
769:Lionel Penrose
760:
757:
678:
677:
674:
673:
671:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
624:
622:
618:
617:
615:W. V. D. Hodge
612:
608:
607:
602:
596:
595:
584:
578:
577:
575:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
528:
526:
522:
521:
512:
508:
507:
501:
500:
498:
497:
491:
485:
479:
473:
467:
461:
455:
449:
443:
437:
431:
425:
419:
413:
407:
404:Heineman Prize
401:
389:List of awards
388:
387:
386:
384:
380:
379:
376:Antony Penrose
368:Oliver Penrose
360:Roland Penrose
356:Lionel Penrose
353:
349:
348:
345:
341:
340:
328:
325:Vanessa Thomas
324:
323:
322:
321:
308:
304:
301:
300:
299:
298:
295:
293:
289:
288:
286:
285:
280:
275:
270:
265:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
224:Penrose stairs
221:
216:
214:Penrose tiling
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
171:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
141:
136:
134:Twistor theory
131:
119:
118:
117:
115:
114:Known for
111:
110:
108:
107:
97:
86:
84:
80:
79:
73:
59:
55:
54:
51:
43:
42:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10876:
10865:
10862:
10860:
10857:
10855:
10852:
10850:
10847:
10845:
10842:
10840:
10837:
10835:
10832:
10830:
10827:
10825:
10822:
10820:
10817:
10815:
10812:
10810:
10807:
10805:
10802:
10800:
10797:
10795:
10792:
10790:
10787:
10785:
10782:
10780:
10777:
10775:
10772:
10770:
10767:
10765:
10762:
10760:
10757:
10755:
10752:
10750:
10747:
10745:
10742:
10740:
10737:
10735:
10732:
10730:
10727:
10725:
10722:
10720:
10717:
10715:
10712:
10710:
10707:
10705:
10702:
10700:
10697:
10695:
10692:
10690:
10687:
10685:
10682:
10680:
10677:
10675:
10672:
10670:
10667:
10665:
10662:
10660:
10657:
10655:
10652:
10650:
10647:
10645:
10642:
10640:
10639:Living people
10637:
10635:
10632:
10631:
10629:
10619:
10609:
10607:
10602:
10597:
10595:
10585:
10583:
10573:
10572:
10569:
10552:
10540:
10533:
10530:
10527:
10524:
10521:
10518:
10515:
10512:
10509:
10506:
10503:
10500:
10497:
10494:
10491:
10488:
10485:
10482:
10479:
10476:
10473:
10470:
10467:
10464:
10461:
10458:
10455:
10452:
10449:
10446:
10445:
10443:
10439:
10435:
10426:
10421:
10419:
10414:
10412:
10407:
10406:
10403:
10391:
10388:
10386:
10383:
10381:
10378:
10376:
10373:
10371:
10368:
10366:
10363:
10361:
10358:
10356:
10353:
10351:
10348:
10346:
10343:
10340:
10336:
10335:
10332:
10325:
10322:
10319:
10316:
10315:
10313:
10310:
10306:
10302:
10295:
10292:
10289:
10286:
10283:
10280:
10279:
10277:
10274:
10270:
10266:
10259:
10256:
10253:
10250:
10247:
10246:Roger Penrose
10244:
10243:
10241:
10239:
10235:
10231:
10227:
10224:
10220:
10216:
10211:
10207:
10204:
10200:
10196:
10189:
10186:
10183:
10180:
10179:
10177:
10175:
10171:
10166:
10158:
10153:
10151:
10146:
10144:
10139:
10138:
10135:
10122:
10118:
10114:
10109:
10106:
10102:
10098:
10093:
10090:
10086:
10082:
10077:
10074:
10070:
10066:
10061:
10058:
10054:
10050:
10045:
10042:
10038:
10034:
10029:
10026:
10022:
10018:
10013:
10010:
10006:
10002:
9997:
9994:
9990:
9985:
9982:
9978:
9974:
9969:
9966:
9962:
9957:
9954:
9950:
9945:
9942:
9938:
9934:
9929:
9926:
9922:
9917:
9914:
9910:
9906:
9901:
9898:
9894:
9890:
9885:
9882:
9878:
9873:
9870:
9866:
9861:
9858:
9854:
9850:
9845:
9842:
9838:
9834:
9829:
9826:
9822:
9818:
9813:
9810:
9806:
9802:
9797:
9794:
9790:
9786:
9781:
9780:
9778:
9772:
9765:
9761:
9757:
9752:
9749:
9745:
9740:
9737:
9733:
9729:
9724:
9721:
9717:
9713:
9708:
9705:
9704:R. Richardson
9701:
9697:
9692:
9689:
9685:
9680:
9677:
9673:
9668:
9665:
9661:
9656:
9653:
9648:
9645:
9640:
9637:
9633:
9629:
9624:
9621:
9617:
9613:
9608:
9605:
9601:
9597:
9592:
9589:
9585:
9580:
9577:
9573:
9569:
9564:
9561:
9556:
9553:
9549:
9544:
9541:
9537:
9536:Chandrasekhar
9532:
9529:
9524:
9521:
9517:
9513:
9508:
9505:
9501:
9496:
9493:
9489:
9485:
9480:
9477:
9473:
9469:
9464:
9461:
9457:
9453:
9448:
9445:
9441:
9436:
9435:
9433:
9429:
9422:
9418:
9414:
9409:
9406:
9402:
9397:
9394:
9390:
9386:
9381:
9378:
9374:
9370:
9365:
9362:
9357:
9354:
9350:
9345:
9342:
9337:
9334:
9329:
9326:
9321:
9318:
9313:
9310:
9306:
9302:
9297:
9294:
9290:
9286:
9281:
9278:
9274:
9270:
9265:
9262:
9257:
9254:
9250:
9245:
9242:
9237:
9234:
9230:
9225:
9222:
9218:
9214:
9209:
9206:
9202:
9197:
9194:
9190:
9186:
9181:
9178:
9174:
9169:
9166:
9162:
9157:
9154:
9149:
9146:
9142:
9137:
9134:
9130:
9125:
9124:
9122:
9118:
9111:
9106:
9103:
9098:
9095:
9090:
9087:
9082:
9079:
9074:
9071:
9066:
9063:
9058:
9055:
9050:
9043:
9036:
9029:
9026:
9021:
9018:
9013:
9010:
9009:G. P. Thomson
9006:
9001:
8998:
8994:
8989:
8986:
8981:
8974:
8971:
8967:
8962:
8959:
8954:
8947:
8944:
8939:
8936:
8931:
8928:
8927:O. Richardson
8923:
8920:
8916:
8911:
8908:
8903:
8902:
8900:
8896:
8889:
8885:
8880:
8877:
8872:
8869:
8864:
8861:
8856:
8853:
8848:
8845:
8840:
8837:
8832:
8829:
8824:
8821:
8816:
8809:
8806:
8802:
8797:
8794:
8789:
8786:
8781:
8778:
8773:
8770:
8765:
8762:
8761:Van der Waals
8757:
8754:
8750:
8745:
8742:
8737:
8734:
8729:
8726:
8725:J. J. Thomson
8721:
8718:
8713:
8710:
8705:
8702:
8698:
8694:
8689:
8686:
8682:
8677:
8674:
8669:
8668:
8666:
8662:
8658:
8654:
8647:
8642:
8640:
8635:
8633:
8628:
8627:
8624:
8614:
8604:
8598:
8597:
8593:
8591:
8588:
8586:
8583:
8581:
8578:
8576:
8573:
8571:
8568:
8566:
8563:
8561:
8558:
8556:
8553:
8551:
8548:
8546:
8543:
8541:
8538:
8536:
8533:
8531:
8528:
8526:
8523:
8521:
8518:
8516:
8513:
8511:
8508:
8506:
8505:Chandrasekhar
8503:
8501:
8498:
8496:
8493:
8491:
8488:
8486:
8483:
8481:
8478:
8476:
8473:
8471:
8468:
8466:
8465:Schwarzschild
8463:
8461:
8458:
8456:
8453:
8451:
8448:
8446:
8443:
8442:
8440:
8436:
8426:
8422:
8421:
8418:
8415:
8413:
8410:
8408:
8404:
8403:
8400:
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8382:
8379:
8375:
8371:
8370:
8367:
8364:
8361:
8358:
8356:
8352:
8351:Schwarzschild
8348:
8347:
8344:
8341:
8339:
8336:
8334:
8331:
8329:
8326:
8324:
8321:
8318:
8314:
8310:
8309:
8307:
8305:
8301:
8295:
8292:
8290:
8287:
8285:
8282:
8281:
8279:
8273:
8267:
8264:
8261:
8257:
8253:
8250:
8248:
8247:Shapiro delay
8245:
8243:
8240:
8237:
8233:
8229:
8226:
8223:
8219:
8216:
8215:
8212:
8209:
8206:
8203:
8201:
8198:
8196:
8193:
8191:
8190:collaboration
8187:
8183:
8180:
8178:
8174:
8171:
8170:
8167:
8164:
8162:
8159:
8157:
8156:Event horizon
8154:
8152:
8149:
8148:
8146:
8142:
8136:
8133:
8131:
8128:
8126:
8123:
8121:
8118:
8116:
8113:
8111:
8108:
8106:
8103:
8101:
8100:ADM formalism
8098:
8097:
8095:
8091:
8085:
8082:
8080:
8077:
8075:
8072:
8070:
8067:
8065:
8062:
8061:
8059:
8053:
8047:
8044:
8042:
8039:
8038:
8036:
8032:
8029:
8027:
8021:
8011:
8008:
8006:
8005:Biquaternions
8003:
8001:
7998:
7996:
7993:
7991:
7988:
7987:
7985:
7983:
7979:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7935:
7933:
7932:Time dilation
7930:
7929:
7927:
7923:
7917:
7914:
7913:
7911:
7907:
7901:
7898:
7896:
7893:
7891:
7888:
7886:
7885:Proper length
7883:
7881:
7878:
7876:
7873:
7871:
7868:
7866:
7863:
7861:
7858:
7857:
7855:
7849:
7843:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7832:
7829:
7827:
7823:
7820:
7819:
7817:
7813:
7810:
7808:
7802:
7798:
7791:
7786:
7784:
7779:
7777:
7772:
7771:
7768:
7754:
7750:
7746:
7742:
7738:
7734:
7730:
7726:
7722:
7718:
7714:
7713:Roger Penrose
7710:
7706:
7702:
7698:
7694:
7690:
7686:
7682:
7678:
7674:
7673:D. G. Kendall
7670:
7666:
7662:
7658:
7654:
7650:
7646:
7642:
7638:
7634:
7633:Graham Higman
7630:
7626:
7622:
7618:
7614:
7610:
7606:
7602:
7598:
7594:
7590:
7586:
7582:
7578:
7574:
7570:
7566:
7562:
7558:
7554:
7550:
7546:
7545:Louis Mordell
7542:
7538:
7534:
7530:
7526:
7522:
7518:
7514:
7510:
7506:
7505:A. E. H. Love
7502:
7498:
7494:
7490:
7486:
7482:
7478:
7474:
7470:
7466:
7462:
7458:
7454:
7450:
7446:
7442:
7438:
7434:
7430:
7426:
7422:
7418:
7414:
7410:
7409:Lord Rayleigh
7406:
7402:
7398:
7394:
7393:Arthur Cayley
7390:
7389:
7386:
7382:
7375:
7370:
7368:
7363:
7361:
7356:
7355:
7352:
7340:
7339:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7309:
7306:
7299:
7296:
7293:
7292:Ferenc Krausz
7289:
7285:
7282:
7279:
7276:
7273:
7269:
7265:
7262:
7261:
7259:
7255:
7248:
7244:
7241:
7238:
7237:Didier Queloz
7234:
7231:
7228:
7225:
7222:
7218:
7215:
7212:
7208:
7205:
7202:
7199:
7196:
7192:
7188:
7185:
7182:
7178:
7174:
7171:
7170:
7168:
7164:
7157:
7153:
7150:
7147:
7144:
7141:
7137:
7133:
7130:
7127:
7123:
7120:
7117:
7113:
7110:
7109:
7107:
7103:
7096:
7095:Dan Shechtman
7093:
7090:
7089:Michael Berry
7086:
7083:
7080:
7077:
7074:
7070:
7067:
7064:
7061:
7058:
7055:
7052:
7048:
7045:
7042:
7038:
7035:
7034:
7032:
7028:
7021:
7017:
7016:Roger Penrose
7014:
7011:
7007:
7003:
7000:
6997:
6993:
6990:
6987:
6983:
6980:
6977:
6973:
6969:
6966:
6963:
6959:
6956:
6953:
6949:
6945:
6944:Freeman Dyson
6942:
6939:
6935:
6931:
6928:
6927:
6925:
6921:
6914:
6910:
6907:
6904:
6901:
6900:
6898:
6894:
6890:
6882:
6877:
6875:
6870:
6868:
6863:
6862:
6859:
6845:
6841:
6837:
6833:
6829:
6825:
6821:
6817:
6813:
6809:
6805:
6801:
6797:
6793:
6789:
6785:
6781:
6777:
6773:
6769:
6765:
6764:Alec Jeffreys
6761:
6757:
6753:
6749:
6745:
6741:
6737:
6733:
6732:Tomas Lindahl
6729:
6725:
6721:
6717:
6713:
6712:Roger Penrose
6709:
6705:
6701:
6697:
6693:
6689:
6685:
6681:
6677:
6673:
6669:
6665:
6661:
6657:
6653:
6652:
6649:
6644:
6637:
6632:
6630:
6625:
6623:
6618:
6617:
6614:
6608:
6601:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6579:(grandfather)
6578:
6575:
6572:
6569:
6566:
6563:
6560:
6557:
6554:
6551:
6550:
6548:
6544:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6454:
6451:
6449:
6446:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6405:
6403:
6399:
6391:
6387:
6383:
6379:
6375:
6374:Abner Shimony
6371:
6370:
6365:
6361:
6357:
6356:
6351:
6350:
6348:
6344:
6337:
6336:
6332:
6329:
6328:
6324:
6321:
6320:
6316:
6313:
6312:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6300:
6299:
6297:
6293:
6289:
6288:Roger Penrose
6282:
6277:
6275:
6270:
6268:
6263:
6262:
6259:
6252:
6247:
6246:Roger Penrose
6244:
6241:
6238:
6235:
6232:
6229:
6226:
6223:
6219:
6218:Andrew Hodges
6215:
6213:
6209:
6206:
6202:
6199:
6196:
6195:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6164:
6163:
6162:Plus Magazine
6158:
6155:
6152:
6148:
6145:
6139:
6138:
6133:
6132:
6130:
6126:
6125:
6122:
6118:
6114:
6110:
6106:
6102:
6098:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6080:
6076:
6072:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6053:
6049:
6046:
6045:
6044:
6040:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6028:
6023:
6021:
6020:
6015:
6014:Roger Penrose
6012:
6008:
6004:
5999:
5996:
5992:
5988:
5985:
5981:
5978:
5974:
5971:
5967:
5964:
5960:
5959:
5957:
5955:
5951:
5947:
5942:
5940:
5936:
5933:
5930:
5926:
5923:
5922:
5917:
5916:
5908:
5875:
5871:
5867:
5861:
5855:
5851:
5848:
5842:
5826:
5822:
5821:The Spectator
5818:
5811:
5795:
5791:
5785:
5777:
5770:
5764:
5748:
5744:
5738:
5722:
5718:
5712:
5710:
5693:
5689:
5685:
5679:
5663:
5659:
5655:
5649:
5643:
5639:
5634:
5628:
5624:
5619:
5613:
5609:
5604:
5588:
5584:
5580:
5574:
5568:
5565:- website of
5564:
5559:
5553:
5549:
5544:
5528:
5524:
5520:
5514:
5507:
5502:
5496:
5493:- website of
5492:
5487:
5481:
5477:
5472:
5464:
5460:
5454:
5445:
5440:
5436:
5435:Physics Today
5432:
5426:
5410:
5406:
5402:
5395:
5379:
5376:(in German).
5375:
5371:
5365:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5335:
5319:
5315:
5311:
5305:
5290:
5286:
5280:
5264:
5260:
5254:
5250:
5249:
5241:
5225:
5221:
5215:
5211:
5210:
5202:
5194:
5188:
5184:
5183:
5175:
5159:
5155:
5149:
5145:
5144:
5136:
5128:
5122:
5118:
5117:
5109:
5101:
5095:
5091:
5090:
5082:
5074:
5068:
5064:
5063:
5055:
5039:
5035:
5029:
5025:
5024:
5016:
5008:
5002:
4998:
4997:
4989:
4981:
4975:
4971:
4970:
4962:
4946:
4942:
4936:
4932:
4931:
4923:
4907:
4903:
4897:
4893:
4892:
4884:
4868:
4864:
4863:
4855:
4847:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4829:
4825:
4821:
4817:
4813:
4806:
4790:
4786:
4780:
4764:
4760:
4754:
4750:
4749:
4741:
4739:
4730:
4726:
4722:
4718:
4714:
4710:
4706:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4688:
4684:
4683:
4675:
4659:
4655:
4651:
4645:
4638:
4632:
4623:
4619:
4617:
4611:
4610:
4606:
4603:
4598:
4595:
4592:
4588:
4585:
4581:
4580:
4576:
4573:
4568:
4567:
4552:
4548:
4543:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4531:
4528:
4523:
4522:
4517:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4503:
4499:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4488:
4485:
4480:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4463:
4459:
4455:
4450:
4448:
4444:
4441:
4437:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4419:
4415:
4414:
4409:
4405:
4403:
4399:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4387:Davis, Martin
4385:
4382:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4369:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4357:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4346:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4316:
4300:
4296:
4290:
4286:
4285:
4277:
4275:
4258:
4254:
4250:
4244:
4228:
4224:
4218:
4214:
4213:
4205:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4174:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4135:
4116:
4109:
4102:
4093:
4088:
4081:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4038:
4022:
4018:
4012:
4008:
4007:
3999:
3983:
3979:
3973:
3957:
3953:
3952:Physics World
3949:
3943:
3935:
3931:
3924:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3871:
3864:
3858:
3849:
3844:
3837:
3821:
3817:
3811:
3795:
3791:
3785:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3754:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3738:Roger Penrose
3734:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3705:
3697:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3667:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3637:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3607:
3599:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3558:
3553:
3546:
3538:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3519:
3511:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3481:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3438:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3409:
3401:
3393:
3386:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3356:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3305:
3290:
3286:
3279:
3277:
3267:
3262:
3255:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3224:
3208:
3204:
3203:New Scientist
3200:
3194:
3178:
3174:
3173:New Scientist
3170:
3163:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3128:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3079:
3063:
3059:
3053:
3049:
3048:
3040:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3010:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2980:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2949:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2919:
2903:
2899:
2893:
2889:
2888:
2880:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2849:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2819:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2790:
2782:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2751:
2742:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2708:
2702:
2698:
2693:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2660:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2629:
2613:
2609:
2608:Maths History
2605:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2564:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2525:
2519:
2515:
2508:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2475:
2459:
2455:
2449:
2446:. UBC Press.
2445:
2444:
2436:
2428:
2422:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2400:
2397:. Vancouver.
2396:
2395:
2387:
2371:
2367:
2366:
2361:
2354:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2322:
2315:
2311:
2310:Roger Penrose
2306:
2299:
2295:
2294:
2289:
2285:
2278:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2237:Physics Today
2234:
2227:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2204:
2197:
2191:
2190:0-553-29895-X
2187:
2183:
2177:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2147:
2131:
2127:
2121:
2113:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2087:
2083:Anon (2017).
2079:
2077:
2075:
2070:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2034:
2027:
2023:
2017:
2013:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1993:
1991:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1958:Personal life
1955:
1953:
1950:(DSc) by the
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1881:(DSc) by the
1880:
1876:
1871:
1869:
1865:
1864:Fonseca Prize
1861:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1839:given by the
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1812:
1810:
1804:
1802:
1798:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1776:(DSc) by the
1775:
1771:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1713:Royal Society
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1677:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1643:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1615:
1614:0-521-34786-6
1611:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1600:0-521-33707-0
1597:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1582:0-89871-005-7
1579:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1549:Abner Shimony
1546:
1545:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1474:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1460:
1458:
1457:Charles Seife
1452:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1425:consciousness
1421:
1419:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1396:
1395:Marvin Minsky
1391:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1339:deterministic
1336:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1317:
1311:Consciousness
1308:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1293:event horizon
1290:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1217:
1215:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1203:superposition
1200:
1199:quantum state
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1154:John McNamara
1151:
1150:Claude LeBrun
1147:
1146:Richard Jozsa
1143:
1142:Lane Hughston
1139:
1138:Andrew Hodges
1135:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1115:spin networks
1112:
1111:quasicrystals
1108:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1035:event horizon
1027:
1023:
1022:event horizon
1018:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1004:
999:
995:
990:
986:
985:Dennis Sciama
982:
977:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
928:
927:masterpieces.
925:
918:
913:
908:
904:
902:
901:
896:
895:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
849:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
822:
820:
816:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
756:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
725:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
687:mathematician
684:
675:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
648:John McNamara
646:
644:
643:Claude LeBrun
641:
639:
638:Richard Jozsa
636:
634:
633:Lane Hughston
631:
629:
628:Andrew Hodges
626:
625:
623:
619:
616:
613:
609:
606:
603:
601:
597:
590:
589:
585:
583:
579:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
529:
527:
523:
520:
519:tessellations
516:
513:
509:
506:
502:
495:
492:
489:
488:Fonseca Prize
486:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
460:(1997â2000)
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
399:
396:
395:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
354:
350:
346:
342:
320:
319:
297:
296:
294:
290:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
195:
194:GHP formalism
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
130:
127:
126:
116:
112:
105:
101:
98:
95:
91:
88:
87:
85:
81:
76:
70:(age 93)
68:8 August 1931
60:
56:
49:
44:
39:
35:
31:
22:
19:
10819:Quantum mind
10513:
10369:
10318:Paul Milgrom
10245:
10210:Louise GlĂŒck
10064:
9560:von Klitzing
9552:Van der Meer
8595:
8549:
8289:KaluzaâKlein
8041:Introduction
7967:Twin paradox
7753:Andrew Wiles
7712:
7697:R. A. Rankin
7689:W. K. Hayman
7585:G. I. Taylor
7489:E. W. Hobson
7336:
7233:Michel Mayor
7207:Peter Zoller
7177:Alain Aspect
7132:Robert Brout
7079:John Wheeler
7015:
6972:Peter Hirsch
6934:Leo Kadanoff
6788:Andrew Wiles
6740:Dan McKenzie
6720:Martin Evans
6711:
6588:Quantum mind
6413:Spin network
6385:
6367:
6353:
6333:
6325:
6317:
6309:
6301:
6287:
6211:
6192:
6174:Quantum-Mind
6160:
6136:
6078:
6074:
6071:Tegmark, Max
6017:
5979:
5954:David Malone
5929:Bonnie Greer
5911:
5878:. Retrieved
5870:Humanists UK
5869:
5860:
5841:
5829:. Retrieved
5820:
5810:
5798:. Retrieved
5784:
5775:
5763:
5751:. Retrieved
5747:the original
5737:
5725:. Retrieved
5696:. Retrieved
5687:
5678:
5666:. Retrieved
5657:
5648:
5633:
5618:
5603:
5591:. Retrieved
5583:cinvestav.mx
5582:
5573:
5558:
5543:
5531:. Retrieved
5522:
5513:
5501:
5486:
5471:
5463:the original
5453:
5434:
5425:
5413:. Retrieved
5404:
5394:
5382:. Retrieved
5373:
5364:
5352:. Retrieved
5348:the original
5334:
5322:. Retrieved
5313:
5304:
5292:. Retrieved
5279:
5267:. Retrieved
5247:
5240:
5228:. Retrieved
5208:
5201:
5181:
5174:
5162:. Retrieved
5142:
5135:
5119:. Springer.
5115:
5108:
5088:
5081:
5061:
5054:
5042:. Retrieved
5022:
5015:
4995:
4988:
4968:
4961:
4949:. Retrieved
4929:
4922:
4910:. Retrieved
4890:
4883:
4871:. Retrieved
4861:
4854:
4822:(1): 39â78.
4819:
4815:
4805:
4793:. Retrieved
4779:
4767:. Retrieved
4747:
4686:
4680:
4674:
4662:. Retrieved
4653:
4644:
4631:
4613:
4600:
4570:
4555:. Retrieved
4551:the original
4525:
4506:
4501:
4482:
4461:
4457:
4435:
4417:
4411:
4390:
4380:
4345:
4333:. Retrieved
4324:
4315:
4303:. Retrieved
4283:
4261:. Retrieved
4252:
4243:
4231:. Retrieved
4211:
4204:
4192:. Retrieved
4183:
4173:
4161:. Retrieved
4144:
4134:
4122:. Retrieved
4101:
4080:
4051:
4047:
4037:
4025:. Retrieved
4005:
3998:
3986:. Retrieved
3972:
3960:. Retrieved
3951:
3942:
3929:
3923:
3880:
3876:
3870:
3862:
3857:
3836:
3824:. Retrieved
3820:the original
3810:
3798:. Retrieved
3794:the original
3784:
3772:. Retrieved
3763:
3753:
3733:
3709:london.ac.uk
3708:
3703:
3696:
3684:. Retrieved
3675:
3666:
3654:. Retrieved
3645:
3636:
3624:. Retrieved
3616:math.ucr.edu
3615:
3606:
3561:
3555:
3545:
3517:
3510:
3498:. Retrieved
3489:
3480:
3447:
3443:
3437:
3412:
3406:
3400:
3391:
3385:
3373:. Retrieved
3364:
3355:
3343:. Retrieved
3318:
3314:
3304:
3293:, retrieved
3288:
3254:
3242:. Retrieved
3233:
3223:
3211:. Retrieved
3202:
3193:
3181:. Retrieved
3172:
3162:
3140:(3): 57â59.
3137:
3133:
3127:
3092:
3088:
3078:
3066:. Retrieved
3046:
3039:
3027:. Retrieved
3018:
3009:
2997:. Retrieved
2988:
2979:
2967:. Retrieved
2959:The Guardian
2958:
2948:
2936:. Retrieved
2927:
2918:
2906:. Retrieved
2886:
2879:
2867:. Retrieved
2858:
2848:
2836:. Retrieved
2827:
2818:
2793:
2788:
2781:
2769:. Retrieved
2760:
2750:
2723:
2717:
2707:
2692:
2680:. Retrieved
2671:Toronto Star
2669:
2659:
2647:. Retrieved
2638:
2628:
2616:. Retrieved
2607:
2581:. Retrieved
2577:the original
2572:
2563:
2551:. Retrieved
2535:The Guardian
2534:
2524:
2507:
2488:
2484:
2474:
2462:. Retrieved
2442:
2435:
2393:
2386:
2374:. Retrieved
2363:
2353:
2341:. Retrieved
2332:
2305:
2291:
2277:
2265:. Retrieved
2243:(1): 97â98.
2240:
2236:
2226:
2218:
2202:
2196:
2181:
2176:
2164:. Retrieved
2156:www.ox.ac.uk
2155:
2146:
2134:. Retrieved
2120:
2090:
2052:
2043:
2039:M. C. Escher
2033:
2016:
1990:Humanists UK
1987:
1980:
1977:
1961:
1921:
1906:
1895:
1872:
1857:
1849:Humanists UK
1845:Copley Medal
1814:
1806:
1794:
1767:
1755:Naylor Prize
1728:
1682:
1658:
1656:Foreword to
1648:
1647:Foreword to
1640:Foreword to
1633:
1631:Foreword to
1624:Foreword to
1619:
1605:
1587:
1573:
1568:
1563:Brian Aldiss
1558:
1542:
1530:
1525:
1517:
1509:
1501:
1493:
1485:
1480:
1477:Publications
1468:
1461:
1453:
1440:
1429:microtubules
1422:
1411:
1405:
1401:
1399:
1387:
1363:formal logic
1352:
1330:
1324:
1322:
1286:
1251:
1242:data of the
1237:
1211:
1176:
1174:
1166:Asghar Qadir
1131:
1100:
1089:
1051:
1031:
978:
952:and then at
935:
920:
916:
898:
893:
889:M. C. Escher
881:John A. Todd
850:
840:degree with
823:
781:physiologist
762:
726:
682:
681:
663:Asghar Qadir
605:John A. Todd
586:
525:Institutions
504:
482:Copley Medal
476:Dalton Medal
139:Spin network
18:
10634:1931 births
10165:Nobel Prize
9604:Steinberger
9520:K. Siegbahn
9512:Bloembergen
9233:Chamberlain
8966:Schrödinger
8876:M. Siegbahn
8805:W. H. Bragg
8801:W. L. Bragg
8378:KerrâNewman
8349:Spherical:
8218:Other tests
8161:Singularity
8093:Formulation
8055:Fundamental
7909:Formulation
7890:Proper time
7851:Fundamental
7705:J. A. Green
7625:Kurt Mahler
7609:Philip Hall
7481:W. H. Young
7465:Horace Lamb
7449:H. F. Baker
7417:Felix Klein
7327:Mathematics
7312:Agriculture
7298:Martin Rees
7288:Paul Corkum
7227:Yoseph Imry
7191:Harald Rose
7152:Albert Fert
7140:Peter Higgs
7006:Bruno Rossi
6836:Martin Rees
6812:Alan Fersht
6772:Peter Higgs
6680:Harry Kroto
6672:John Gurdon
6242:, Chessbase
5354:18 February
5314:The Gazette
5294:26 December
4795:22 February
4584:pp. 131â132
3883:: 186â194.
3095:: 401â422.
2969:13 December
2491:: 185â191.
2203:Gravitation
2026:Andrea Ghez
1936:Andrea Ghez
1893:(Ukraine).
1837:Dirac Medal
1716:Royal Medal
1699:. In 1975,
1664:Anthony Zee
1616:(paperback)
1602:(paperback)
1445:decoherence
1437:Max Tegmark
1343:algorithmic
1264:C, and the
1201:remains in
853:E. H. Moore
846:mathematics
788:Russian Jew
422:Royal Medal
398:Adams Prize
370:(brother),
366:(brother),
10628:Categories
10441:Recipients
10199:Literature
10121:L'Huillier
10085:Hasselmann
10041:Strickland
10009:Kosterlitz
9933:Perlmutter
9672:Brockhouse
9377:Schrieffer
9249:Hofstadter
9201:C. N. Yang
8958:Heisenberg
8935:De Broglie
8530:Zel'dovich
8438:Scientists
8417:Alcubierre
8224:of Mercury
8222:precession
8151:Black hole
8034:Background
8026:relativity
7995:World line
7990:Light cone
7815:Background
7807:relativity
7797:Relativity
7657:K. F. Roth
7601:Max Newman
7425:S. Roberts
7195:Knut Urban
6968:Erwin Hahn
6756:Andre Geim
6704:Robert May
6688:Paul Nurse
6664:John Pople
5800:1 December
5415:25 October
5269:12 October
5230:12 October
5164:12 October
4912:12 October
4557:22 October
4305:7 December
4253:www.bu.edu
4233:12 October
4027:12 October
3800:27 October
3686:29 January
3266:2007.10601
3068:12 October
2908:12 October
2413:1066070267
2114:required.)
2065:References
1904:(Mexico).
1875:ETH ZĂŒrich
1375:John Lucas
1297:black hole
1162:Tim Poston
1039:black hole
1026:black hole
989:Kip Thorne
819:Max Newman
796:Lee Miller
765:Colchester
753:black hole
658:Tim Poston
428:Wolf Prize
374:(sister),
358:(father),
75:Colchester
64:1931-08-08
10618:Astronomy
10594:Biography
10254:(Germany)
10174:Chemistry
10167:laureates
10105:Zeilinger
9925:Novoselov
9893:Kobayashi
9817:Abrikosov
9664:J. Taylor
9644:de Gennes
9636:R. Taylor
9528:K. Wilson
9476:R. Wilson
9460:Van Vleck
9431:1976â2000
9421:Rainwater
9417:Mottelson
9393:Josephson
9341:Gell-Mann
9305:Schwinger
9293:Prokhorov
9253:Mössbauer
9213:Cherenkov
9205:T. D. Lee
9129:Cockcroft
9120:1951â1975
8919:C. Wilson
8898:1926â1950
8844:Guillaume
8733:Michelson
8693:Becquerel
8664:1901â1925
8653:Laureates
8500:Robertson
8485:Friedmann
8480:Eddington
8470:de Sitter
8304:Solutions
8182:detectors
8177:astronomy
8144:Phenomena
8079:Geodesics
7982:Spacetime
7925:Phenomena
7473:J. Larmor
7322:Chemistry
7158:(2006â07)
7128:(2002â03)
7081:(1996â97)
7075:(1994â95)
6988:(1984â85)
6978:(1983â84)
6728:David Cox
6567:(brother)
6561:(brother)
6392:) (1999)
6362:) (1996)
6019:The Forum
5986:. Ithaca)
5914:(Q193803)
5880:6 October
5866:"Patrons"
5753:13 August
5727:13 August
5698:7 October
5668:7 October
5593:6 October
5495:KU Leuven
5384:7 October
5324:16 August
5044:7 October
4951:7 October
4873:7 October
4769:5 October
4664:7 October
4422:CiteSeerX
4420:: 21â32.
4335:7 October
4263:7 October
4194:7 October
4163:7 October
4153:0362-4331
4124:7 October
4061:1401.3578
3988:7 October
3962:7 October
3915:119329306
3890:1203.3382
3848:1011.3706
3717:500473477
3656:7 October
3626:7 October
3500:7 October
3472:123023118
3375:7 October
3345:7 October
3295:7 October
3244:7 October
3213:7 October
3183:7 October
3111:0080-4606
3029:7 October
2999:7 October
2938:7 October
2869:7 October
2859:The Verge
2838:7 October
2810:301242962
2794:cam.ac.uk
2771:7 October
2682:9 October
2649:7 October
2618:7 October
2583:7 October
2553:7 October
2543:0261-3077
2464:6 October
2421:cite book
2376:6 October
2343:6 October
2267:7 October
2257:0031-9228
2166:7 October
2092:Who's Who
2044:Waterfall
1902:CINVESTAV
1870:(Spain).
1119:spacetime
950:Princeton
924:staircase
894:Waterfall
848:in 1952.
733:cosmology
362:(uncle),
352:Relatives
83:Education
38:HonFInstP
10550:Category
10184:(France)
10113:Agostini
10001:Thouless
9993:McDonald
9981:Nakamura
9949:Wineland
9881:GrĂŒnberg
9837:Politzer
9821:Ginzburg
9809:Giacconi
9789:Ketterle
9744:'t Hooft
9728:Laughlin
9720:Phillips
9700:Osheroff
9628:Friedman
9600:Schwartz
9596:Lederman
9516:Schawlow
9492:Weinberg
9301:Tomonaga
9193:Brattain
9185:Shockley
9094:Blackett
9086:Appleton
9078:Bridgman
9025:Lawrence
9005:Davisson
8985:Chadwick
8868:Millikan
8852:Einstein
8741:Lippmann
8709:Rayleigh
8701:M. Curie
8697:P. Curie
8613:Category
8490:LemaĂźtre
8455:Einstein
8445:Poincaré
8405:Others:
8389:TaubâNUT
8355:interior
8277:theories
8275:Advanced
8242:redshift
8057:concepts
7875:Rapidity
7853:concepts
7332:Medicine
6573:(sister)
6555:(father)
6401:Concepts
6121:17140058
6113:11088215
6039:Archived
5966:Archived
5874:Archived
5850:Archived
5825:Archived
5794:Archived
5721:Archived
5692:Archived
5662:Archived
5587:Archived
5527:Archived
5409:Archived
5378:Archived
5318:Archived
5263:Archived
5224:Archived
5158:Archived
5038:Archived
4945:Archived
4906:Archived
4867:Archived
4846:24070914
4789:Archived
4763:Archived
4729:17140058
4721:11088215
4658:Archived
4605:Archived
4587:Archived
4575:Archived
4530:Archived
4512:Archived
4487:Archived
4443:Archived
4398:Archived
4368:Archived
4356:Archived
4329:Archived
4299:Archived
4257:Archived
4227:Archived
4188:Archived
4157:Archived
4115:Archived
4054:: 1â17.
4021:Archived
3982:Archived
3956:Archived
3768:Archived
3680:Archived
3650:Archived
3620:Archived
3494:Archived
3369:Archived
3339:Archived
3238:Archived
3207:Archived
3177:Archived
3119:73035217
3062:Archived
3023:Archived
2993:Archived
2963:Archived
2932:Archived
2902:Archived
2863:Archived
2832:Archived
2806:ProQuest
2802:71366928
2765:Archived
2676:Archived
2643:Archived
2612:Archived
2547:Archived
2458:Archived
2370:Archived
2337:Archived
2261:Archived
2219:Box 34.2
2160:Archived
2130:Archived
2095:(online
1996:See also
1770:knighted
1594:, 1987)
1565:) (1999)
1539:) (1996)
1282:Big Bang
1248:Big Bang
1007:Big Bang
763:Born in
743:for the
703:Emeritus
701:. He is
496:(2020)
490:(2011)
484:(2008)
478:(2005)
472:(2004)
466:(2000)
454:(1994)
448:(1991)
442:(1990)
436:(1989)
430:(1988)
424:(1985)
418:(1975)
412:(1972)
406:(1971)
400:(1966)
378:(cousin)
344:Children
10606:Science
10568:Portals
10238:Physics
10101:Clauser
10065:Penrose
10049:Peebles
10005:Haldane
9973:Akasaki
9961:Englert
9953:Haroche
9937:Schmidt
9897:Maskawa
9849:Glauber
9841:Wilczek
9825:Leggett
9805:Koshiba
9785:Cornell
9776:present
9760:Kroemer
9756:Alferov
9748:Veltman
9732:Störmer
9652:Charpak
9632:Kendall
9616:Dehmelt
9584:Bednorz
9484:Glashow
9472:Penzias
9468:Kapitsa
9440:Richter
9413:A. Bohr
9389:Giaever
9369:Bardeen
9333:Alvarez
9317:Kastler
9309:Feynman
9189:Bardeen
9153:Zernike
9145:Purcell
8915:Compton
8860:N. Bohr
8749:Marconi
8681:Lorentz
8673:Röntgen
8655:of the
8555:Hawking
8550:Penrose
8535:Novikov
8515:Wheeler
8460:Hilbert
8450:Lorentz
8407:pp-wave
8228:lensing
8024:General
7805:Special
7338:Physics
6546:Related
6236:Website
6149:at the
6093:Bibcode
6050:at the
6031:YouTube
6007:YouTube
5950:YouTube
5937:at the
5907:Scholia
5533:2 April
4824:Bibcode
4701:Bibcode
3895:Bibcode
3774:3 April
3740:at the
3598:8962037
3566:Bibcode
3452:Bibcode
3417:Bibcode
3323:Bibcode
3142:Bibcode
2728:Bibcode
2518:YouTube
2136:7 March
2051:', and
1942:at the
1926:by the
1866:by the
1799:by the
1757:of the
1749:by the
1722:by the
1707:of the
1687:by the
1576:(1972,
1433:Orch-OR
1278:photons
1047:quasars
974:Cornell
810:and of
708:in the
337:
329:
317:
309:
305:
292:Spouses
259:Orch-OR
10534:(2016)
10528:(2012)
10522:(2009)
10516:(2005)
10510:(2002)
10504:(1997)
10498:(1981)
10492:(1966)
10486:(1948)
10480:(1942)
10474:(1931)
10468:(1919)
10462:(1903)
10456:(1900)
10450:(1898)
10117:Krausz
10111:2023:
10097:Aspect
10095:2022:
10089:Manabe
10081:Parisi
10079:2021:
10069:Genzel
10063:2020:
10057:Queloz
10047:2019:
10037:Mourou
10033:Ashkin
10031:2018:
10025:Thorne
10021:Barish
10015:2017:
9999:2016:
9989:Kajita
9987:2015:
9971:2014:
9959:2013:
9947:2012:
9931:2011:
9919:2010:
9903:2009:
9887:2008:
9875:2007:
9865:Mather
9863:2006:
9857:HĂ€nsch
9847:2005:
9831:2004:
9815:2003:
9799:2002:
9793:Wieman
9783:2001:
9754:2000:
9742:1999:
9726:1998:
9710:1997:
9696:D. Lee
9694:1996:
9688:Reines
9682:1995:
9670:1994:
9658:1993:
9650:1992:
9642:1991:
9626:1990:
9612:Ramsey
9610:1989:
9594:1988:
9588:MĂŒller
9582:1987:
9576:Rohrer
9572:Binnig
9566:1986:
9558:1985:
9548:Rubbia
9546:1984:
9540:Fowler
9534:1983:
9526:1982:
9510:1981:
9500:Cronin
9498:1980:
9482:1979:
9466:1978:
9450:1977:
9438:1976:
9411:1975:
9405:Hewish
9399:1974:
9383:1973:
9373:Cooper
9367:1972:
9359:1971:
9349:Alfvén
9347:1970:
9339:1969:
9331:1968:
9323:1967:
9315:1966:
9299:1965:
9285:Townes
9283:1964:
9277:Jensen
9269:Wigner
9267:1963:
9261:Landau
9259:1962:
9247:1961:
9241:Glaser
9239:1960:
9227:1959:
9211:1958:
9199:1957:
9183:1956:
9171:1955:
9159:1954:
9151:1953:
9139:1952:
9133:Walton
9127:1951:
9110:Powell
9108:1950:
9102:Yukawa
9100:1949:
9092:1948:
9084:1947:
9076:1946:
9068:1945:
9060:1944:
9052:1943:
9023:1939:
9015:1938:
9003:1937:
8991:1936:
8983:1935:
8964:1933:
8956:1932:
8941:1930:
8933:1929:
8925:1928:
8913:1927:
8907:Perrin
8905:1926:
8884:Franck
8882:1925:
8874:1924:
8866:1923:
8858:1922:
8850:1921:
8842:1920:
8834:1919:
8828:Planck
8826:1918:
8820:Barkla
8818:1917:
8799:1915:
8791:1914:
8783:1913:
8775:1912:
8767:1911:
8759:1910:
8747:1909:
8739:1908:
8731:1907:
8723:1906:
8717:Lenard
8715:1905:
8707:1904:
8691:1903:
8685:Zeeman
8679:1902:
8671:1901:
8596:others
8585:Thorne
8575:Misner
8560:Taylor
8545:Geroch
8540:Ehlers
8510:Zwicky
8328:Kasner
7755:(2019)
7747:(2016)
7739:(2013)
7731:(2010)
7723:(2007)
7715:(2004)
7707:(2001)
7699:(1998)
7691:(1995)
7683:(1992)
7675:(1989)
7667:(1986)
7659:(1983)
7651:(1980)
7643:(1977)
7635:(1974)
7627:(1971)
7619:(1968)
7611:(1965)
7603:(1962)
7595:(1959)
7587:(1956)
7579:(1953)
7571:(1950)
7563:(1947)
7555:(1944)
7547:(1941)
7539:(1938)
7531:(1935)
7523:(1932)
7515:(1929)
7507:(1926)
7499:(1923)
7491:(1920)
7483:(1917)
7475:(1914)
7467:(1911)
7459:(1908)
7451:(1905)
7443:(1902)
7435:(1899)
7427:(1896)
7419:(1893)
7411:(1890)
7403:(1887)
7395:(1884)
7300:(2024)
7294:(2022)
7280:(2021)
7274:(2020)
7249:(2018)
7239:(2017)
7229:(2016)
7223:(2015)
7213:(2013)
7203:(2012)
7197:(2011)
7183:(2010)
7148:(2005)
7142:(2004)
7118:(2000)
7097:(1999)
7091:(1998)
7065:(1993)
7059:(1992)
7053:(1991)
7043:(1990)
7022:(1988)
7012:(1987)
6998:(1986)
6964:(1982)
6954:(1981)
6940:(1980)
6915:(1979)
6905:(1978)
6846:(2024)
6838:(2023)
6830:(2022)
6822:(2021)
6814:(2020)
6806:(2019)
6798:(2018)
6790:(2017)
6782:(2016)
6774:(2015)
6766:(2014)
6758:(2013)
6750:(2012)
6742:(2011)
6734:(2010)
6722:(2009)
6714:(2008)
6706:(2007)
6698:(2006)
6690:(2005)
6682:(2004)
6674:(2003)
6666:(2002)
6658:(2001)
6388:(with
6372:(with
6358:(with
6338:(2016)
6330:(2010)
6322:(2004)
6314:(1994)
6306:(1989)
6197:, 2013
6137:et al.
6119:
6111:
5831:18 May
5255:
5216:
5189:
5150:
5123:
5096:
5069:
5030:
5003:
4976:
4937:
4898:
4844:
4755:
4727:
4719:
4599:2005.
4509:review
4500:1995.
4481:1969.
4424:
4413:Psyche
4389:1993.
4291:
4219:
4151:
4013:
3913:
3826:9 July
3723:
3715:
3596:
3586:
3533:
3470:
3321:: 46.
3117:
3109:
3054:
2894:
2808:
2800:
2541:
2450:
2411:
2401:
2255:
2209:
2188:
1792:(OM).
1612:
1598:
1590:(with
1580:
1561:(with
1547:(with
1535:(with
1522:(2016)
1514:(2010)
1506:(2004)
1498:(1994)
1490:(1989)
1383:Oxford
1260:, the
1168:, and
981:reader
720:, and
593:(1958)
591:
582:Thesis
511:Fields
391:
383:Awards
122:
10370:2020
10219:Peace
10163:2020
10053:Mayor
10017:Weiss
9977:Amano
9965:Higgs
9941:Riess
9913:Smith
9909:Boyle
9889:Nambu
9869:Smoot
9833:Gross
9801:Davis
9774:2001â
9764:Kilby
9676:Shull
9660:Hulse
9568:Ruska
9504:Fitch
9488:Salam
9385:Esaki
9361:Gabor
9325:Bethe
9289:Basov
9229:SegrĂš
9217:Frank
9177:Kusch
9165:Bothe
9141:Bloch
9070:Pauli
9054:Stern
9017:Fermi
8970:Dirac
8943:Raman
8888:Hertz
8836:Stark
8777:Dalén
8753:Braun
8590:Weiss
8570:Bondi
8565:Hulse
8495:Milne
8399:discs
8343:Milne
8338:Gödel
8195:Virgo
7257:2020s
7166:2010s
7105:2000s
7030:1990s
6923:1980s
6896:1970s
6295:Books
6216:with
6117:S2CID
6083:arXiv
5772:(PDF)
4725:S2CID
4691:arXiv
4612:, in
4118:(PDF)
4111:(PDF)
4087:arXiv
4056:arXiv
3911:S2CID
3885:arXiv
3843:arXiv
3721:EThOS
3589:34472
3468:S2CID
3261:arXiv
3115:S2CID
2217:(See
2008:Notes
1295:of a
1024:of a
331:(
327:
311:(
307:
36:
32:
10390:2024
10385:2023
10380:2022
10375:2021
10365:2019
10360:2018
10355:2017
10350:2016
10345:2015
10309:2020
10273:2020
10223:2020
10203:2020
10073:Ghez
9921:Geim
9877:Fert
9853:Hall
9736:Tsui
9684:Perl
9620:Paul
9456:Mott
9444:Ting
9401:Ryle
9353:NĂ©el
9221:Tamm
9173:Lamb
9161:Born
9062:Rabi
9046:1942
9039:1941
9032:1940
8993:Hess
8977:1934
8950:1931
8812:1916
8793:Laue
8769:Wien
8525:Kerr
8475:Weyl
8374:Kerr
8234:and
8188:and
8186:LIGO
7317:Arts
6730:and
6109:PMID
5882:2020
5845:See
5833:2021
5802:2010
5755:2012
5729:2012
5700:2020
5670:2020
5595:2020
5535:2021
5417:2020
5386:2020
5356:2012
5326:2015
5296:2022
5271:2020
5253:ISBN
5232:2020
5214:ISBN
5187:ISBN
5166:2020
5148:ISBN
5121:ISBN
5094:ISBN
5067:ISBN
5046:2020
5028:ISBN
5001:ISBN
4974:ISBN
4953:2020
4935:ISBN
4914:2020
4896:ISBN
4875:2020
4842:PMID
4797:2014
4771:2020
4753:ISBN
4717:PMID
4666:2020
4559:2010
4337:2020
4307:2021
4289:ISBN
4265:2020
4235:2020
4217:ISBN
4196:2020
4165:2020
4149:ISSN
4126:2020
4052:2013
4029:2020
4011:ISBN
3990:2020
3964:2020
3828:2007
3802:2008
3776:2017
3713:OCLC
3688:2014
3658:2020
3628:2020
3594:PMID
3557:PNAS
3531:ISBN
3502:2020
3377:2020
3347:2020
3297:2020
3246:2020
3215:2020
3185:2020
3107:ISSN
3070:2020
3052:ISBN
3031:2020
3001:2020
2971:2016
2940:2020
2910:2020
2892:ISBN
2871:2020
2840:2020
2798:OCLC
2773:2020
2684:2020
2651:2020
2620:2020
2585:2020
2555:2020
2539:ISSN
2466:2020
2448:ISBN
2427:link
2409:OCLC
2399:ISBN
2378:2020
2345:2020
2314:IMDb
2269:2020
2253:ISSN
2207:ISBN
2186:ISBN
2168:2020
2138:2021
2024:and
1934:and
1691:and
1610:ISBN
1596:ISBN
1578:ISBN
1388:The
1369:and
1229:WMAP
1193:and
1107:tile
946:NATO
910:The
897:and
731:and
697:and
58:Born
9905:Kao
9712:Chu
8580:Yau
8205:GEO
6101:doi
6029:on
6016:on
6005:on
5948:on
5439:doi
4832:doi
4709:doi
4466:doi
4462:104
4066:doi
3903:doi
3881:338
3584:PMC
3574:doi
3523:doi
3460:doi
3425:doi
3413:116
3331:doi
3319:229
3150:doi
3097:doi
2736:doi
2516:on
2493:doi
2312:at
2245:doi
2101:doi
1662:by
1377:of
1121:in
875:at
871:in
869:PhD
844:in
838:BSc
798:is
104:PhD
94:BSc
34:FRS
10630::
10119:/
10115:/
10103:/
10099:/
10087:/
10083:/
10071:/
10067:/
10055:/
10051:/
10039:/
10035:/
10023:/
10019:/
10007:/
10003:/
9991:/
9979:/
9975:/
9963:/
9951:/
9939:/
9935:/
9923:/
9911:/
9907:/
9895:/
9891:/
9879:/
9867:/
9855:/
9851:/
9839:/
9835:/
9823:/
9819:/
9807:/
9803:/
9791:/
9787:/
9762:/
9758:/
9746:/
9734:/
9730:/
9718:/
9714:/
9702:/
9698:/
9686:/
9674:/
9662:/
9634:/
9630:/
9618:/
9614:/
9602:/
9598:/
9586:/
9574:/
9570:/
9550:/
9538:/
9518:/
9514:/
9502:/
9490:/
9486:/
9474:/
9470:/
9458:/
9454:/
9442:/
9419:/
9415:/
9403:/
9391:/
9387:/
9375:/
9371:/
9351:/
9307:/
9303:/
9291:/
9287:/
9275:/
9271:/
9251:/
9231:/
9219:/
9215:/
9203:/
9191:/
9187:/
9175:/
9163:/
9143:/
9131:/
9007:/
8995:/
8968:/
8917:/
8886:/
8803:/
8751:/
8699:/
8695:/
8683:/
8254:/
8220::
8175::
7290:/
7286:/
7270:/
7266:/
7245:/
7235:/
7219:/
7209:/
7193:/
7189:/
7179:/
7175:/
7154:/
7138:/
7134:/
7124:/
7114:/
7087:/
7071:/
7049:/
7039:/
7018:/
7008:/
7004:/
6994:/
6984:/
6974:/
6970:/
6960:/
6950:/
6946:/
6936:/
6932:/
6911:/
6376:,
6191:,
6115:.
6107:.
6099:.
6091:.
6079:61
6077:.
5872:.
5868:.
5823:.
5819:.
5774:.
5708:^
5686:.
5656:.
5581:.
5525:.
5521:.
5433:.
5407:.
5403:.
5372:.
5342:.
5316:.
5312:.
5287:.
5261:.
5222:.
5156:.
5036:.
4943:.
4904:.
4865:.
4840:.
4830:.
4820:11
4818:.
4814:.
4787:.
4761:.
4737:^
4723:.
4715:.
4707:.
4699:.
4687:61
4685:.
4656:.
4652:.
4460:.
4456:.
4416:.
4327:.
4323:.
4297:.
4273:^
4255:.
4251:.
4225:.
4186:.
4182:.
4155:.
4147:.
4143:.
4113:.
4064:.
4050:.
4046:.
4019:.
3950:.
3932:.
3909:.
3901:.
3893:.
3879:.
3766:.
3762:.
3719:.
3707:.
3674:.
3648:.
3644:.
3618:.
3614:.
3592:.
3582:.
3572:.
3562:93
3560:.
3554:.
3529:.
3492:.
3488:.
3466:.
3458:.
3448:55
3446:.
3423:.
3411:.
3367:.
3363:.
3337:.
3329:.
3317:.
3313:.
3275:^
3236:.
3232:.
3205:.
3201:.
3175:.
3171:.
3148:.
3138:14
3136:.
3113:.
3105:.
3093:56
3091:.
3087:.
3060:.
3017:.
2991:.
2987:.
2961:.
2957:.
2926:.
2900:.
2861:.
2857:.
2826:.
2804:.
2792:.
2763:.
2759:.
2734:.
2724:51
2722:.
2716:.
2674:.
2668:.
2641:.
2637:.
2610:.
2606:.
2593:^
2571:.
2545:.
2537:.
2533:.
2487:.
2483:.
2456:.
2423:}}
2419:{{
2407:.
2368:.
2362:.
2335:.
2331:.
2320:^
2296:,
2290:,
2286:,
2259:.
2251:.
2241:42
2239:.
2235:.
2221:.)
2154:.
2128:.
2089:.
2073:^
1992:.
1954:.
1919:.
1855:.
1765:.
1551:,
1473:.
1420:.
1385:.
1381:,
1216:.
1172:.
1164:,
1160:,
1156:,
1152:,
1148:,
1144:,
1140:,
1083:A
1049:.
1013:.
821:.
724:.
693:,
689:,
517:,
333:m.
313:m.
66:)
30:OM
10570::
10424:e
10417:t
10410:v
10311:)
10307:(
10275:)
10271:(
10225:)
10221:(
10205:)
10201:(
10156:e
10149:t
10142:v
8645:e
8638:t
8631:v
8380:)
8376:(
8362:)
8353:(
8319:)
8315:(
8262:)
8258:(
8238:)
8207:)
8184:(
7833:)
7824:(
7789:e
7782:t
7775:v
7373:e
7366:t
7359:v
6880:e
6873:t
6866:v
6635:e
6628:t
6621:v
6515:/
6280:e
6273:t
6266:v
6224:)
6165:)
6159:(
6127:"
6123:.
6103::
6095::
6085::
5993:(
5931:.
5918:.
5884:.
5835:.
5804:.
5757:.
5731:.
5702:.
5672:.
5597:.
5537:.
5447:.
5441::
5419:.
5388:.
5358:.
5328:.
5298:.
5273:.
5234:.
5195:.
5168:.
5129:.
5102:.
5075:.
5048:.
5009:.
4982:.
4955:.
4916:.
4877:.
4848:.
4834::
4826::
4799:.
4773:.
4731:.
4711::
4703::
4693::
4668:.
4561:.
4536:.
4518:)
4474:.
4468::
4430:.
4418:2
4339:.
4309:.
4267:.
4237:.
4198:.
4167:.
4128:.
4095:.
4089::
4074:.
4068::
4058::
4031:.
3992:.
3966:.
3917:.
3905::
3897::
3887::
3851:.
3845::
3830:.
3804:.
3778:.
3727:.
3690:.
3660:.
3630:.
3600:.
3576::
3568::
3539:.
3525::
3504:.
3474:.
3462::
3454::
3431:.
3427::
3419::
3379:.
3349:.
3333::
3325::
3269:.
3263::
3248:.
3217:.
3187:.
3156:.
3152::
3144::
3121:.
3099::
3072:.
3033:.
3003:.
2973:.
2942:.
2912:.
2873:.
2842:.
2812:.
2775:.
2744:.
2738::
2730::
2686:.
2653:.
2622:.
2587:.
2557:.
2501:.
2495::
2489:4
2468:.
2429:)
2415:.
2380:.
2347:.
2271:.
2247::
2215:.
2170:.
2140:.
2107:.
2103::
2057:.
1584:)
347:4
261:/
106:)
102:(
96:)
92:(
62:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
