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passageways through the house. Most probably inspired by his travels, the house is a mix of
Italian, French, Dutch and English architectural ideas and includes features such as the rooftop platform and cupola, dormered attics, half-sunk basement, astylar elevation, and symmetrically placed apartments. Palladian details are evident in the windows and cornices, and the "double-pile" plan is derived from Jones' Queen's House in Greenwich (1614–1617). The prominent chimneys and dormers, and the rusticated basement, are more French in inspiration, while the equal proportions of the storeys were an innovation, compared to the Palladian manner of emphasising a piano nobile, or principal floor.
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225:, Berkshire (c.1658–62; dem. 1952), the home of his cousin, Sir George Pratt. The house has been attributed to Inigo Jones, but although Jones is now primarily credited with the design, the execution was Pratt's. The house is an example of the double-pile house, which was popular in seventeenth century England, and commended by Pratt since ‘it seems of all others to be the most useful … for that we have there much room in a little compass … and there may be a great spare of walling’ (Gunther, p. 24).
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central two-storey hall. At each end Pratt introduced large stair compartments, with independent apartments at the angles. At
Horseheath, Pratt added a pediment to the front. The house was illustrated in Colen Campbell's architectural survey, Vitruvius Britannicus, although it was again attributed to John Webb. The eleven-bay house had a three-bay pediment, rusticated quoins, and a hipped roof topped by a balustrade and lantern.
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272:, the house was short-lived, and records are limited. Engravings show a pedimented house similar to Horseheath, but with short wings at each end. Clarendon represented the most developed form of Pratt's ideal, and was "among the first great classical houses to be built in London". It was widely praised, and became widely imitated, for example at
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Refining his ideas and correcting the problem
Coleshill’s corridors caused with accidental contact between family, visitors and servants, a complication addressed by many seventeenth century architects, Pratt adapted his plans. Both Kingston Lacy and Horseheath Hall had tripartite plans with a
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Although a less effective example of the planning and the organization of circulation that Pratt was so interested in, the grand two-story staircase and the use of central corridors on each floor meant that suites of apartments could be separated and prevented private rooms having to act as
365:, Pratt opted to retire to his family property in Norfolk. The rebuilding of Ryston Hall was his last work, and he afterwards concentrated on agricultural improvement. He died in 1684, having been predeceased by his three sons, and was buried in the church at Ryston.
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Little of Pratt's work remains intact. Clarendon House was sold in 1675, and demolished in 1683, only 16 years after its completion. Horseheath was pulled down in 1777, and
Coleshill burned down in 1952. Kingston Lacy was altered by Sir
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of the 17th century. He designed only five known buildings, but was highly influential, establishing a particularly
English type of house, which was widely imitated. He drew on a range of European influences, and also on the work of
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Between 1663 and 1665, Pratt was engaged on houses for Sir Ralph Bankes, at
Kingston Lacy, Dorset (1663–5; altered 1835–41), and for William Alington, 3rd Baron Alington, at Horseheath Hall, Cambridgeshire (1663–5; dem. 1792).
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in London. The commission obtained a report from Pratt, which recommended leaving the structure to fall down of its own accord. At a meeting in late August 1666, the commission opted instead for
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broke out, destroying much of central London, including Old St Paul's. In
September, Pratt was one of the three "Commissioners for Rebuilding the City of London", appointed by
182:, which broke out in 1642. Departing England in April 1643, he travelled in France, Italy, Flanders and Holland, studying architecture, and befriending the writer
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Silcox-Crowe, N. (1985). "Sir Roger Pratt". In Brown, R. (ed.).
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In the 1650s, Pratt became involved in the rebuilding of
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in the 1830s, and Ryston Hall was remodelled by Sir
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Architecture in the United
Kingdom, 1530–1830
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472:Gunther, R.T. (Reprint 1979).
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567:Kingston Lacy information
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357:Later life
301:John Soane
266:Piccadilly
146:Early life
84:Occupation
60:1684-02-20
38:1620-11-02
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156:Marsworth
135:architect
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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