1058:
2840:
932:
1386:
1637:
31:
1167:
784:
1742:
2938:
511:
345:
997:. For this race the engine's rating was increased by 400 hp (300 kW) to 2,300 hp (1,700 kW). The Italian and French entrants however, failed to ready their aircraft and crews in time for the competition, and the remaining British team set both a new world speed record at 379 mph (610 km/h) and, unopposed, won the trophy outright with a third consecutive victory. "The Flight" was wound up within weeks of the 1931 win as there were to be no more Schneider Trophy contests. The original Trophy is on display in the
768:; however, starting problems were encountered during pre-race testing at Calshot due to moisture in the air and water contamination of the fuel. A complicated test procedure was devised to ensure clean fuel for competition flights since more than 0.3% water content made it unusable. As expected, minor engine failures continued to be experienced, and to counter this engines and parts were transported at high speed between Derby and Calshot using an adapted
3049:
668:. Superchargers could be tested on a separate rig that was driven by another Kestrel engine. Eight men were required to run a test cell, led by the "Chief Tester" who had the tasks of logging the figures and directing the other operators. One of these chief testers was Victor Halliwell who later lost his life whilst on board the water speed record contender
272:
Schneider Trophy seaplane. Shortly after this the engine's name was changed to R for "Racing". An official
British Government contract to proceed with the project was not awarded until February 1929, leaving Rolls-Royce six months to develop the engine before the planned Schneider Trophy competition
1617:
back together and had the long job of lapping in all 48 valves. It was a terrible job because the engine was two monoblocs, which meant that you couldn't just lift off the heads, you had to lift what amounted to two separate engines and even then getting the valves in was no easy task. But old Don
644:
seizures, while considerably more trouble than expected occurred with valve springs; at one time two or three would be found broken after a 10-minute run, but the continual redesigning and testing of components reduced all these problems. Unknown to Royce himself, the engineers had also fitted
1584:
Villa was first employed by
Malcolm Campbell in 1922, and continued in the service of Donald Campbell until 1967, when Campbell was killed during a record attempt on Coniston Water. He was the chief caretaker of their R engines until the last R-powered record attempt in 1951, after which his
1585:
responsibilities centred on
Campbell's jet engines. Villa's many responsibilities included installing and removing the engines, repairing and tuning them, and operating the compressed air and magneto for starting them. During the World War II years, he was responsible for the upkeep of
954:
with the new Rolls-Royce R engine retained the
Schneider Trophy for Great Britain with an average speed of 328.63 mph (529 km/h), and also gained the 50 km and 100 km (31 mi and 62 mi) world speed records. The records were subsequently beaten when
1604:
His relationship with
Malcolm Campbell was strained at times: Campbell, with no engineering background, would often question Villa's intimate knowledge of the R engine, but his relations with Donald Campbell were much better, as they were of a similar age. At
526:
design, ability to run at high revolutions due to its structural strength, and the special blends of fuel used. The double-sided supercharger impeller was a new development for Rolls-Royce: running at a ratio of almost 8:1, it could supply intake air at up to
1023:
New airspeed records were set after the 1929 and 1931 Schneider Trophy contests, both achieved using the R engine. In the two decades before World War II, the quest to break the land speed record was hotly contested, particularly so in the early 1930s.
255:
Schneider Trophy winner had reached the peak of its development, and that for
Britain's entrant in the next race to be competitive a new, more powerful engine design was required. The first configuration drawing of the "Racing H" engine, based on the
2062:
Further attempt at the 1-hour test, crankshaft failure after 34 minutes. Rebuilt but experienced a second crankshaft failure after 58 minutes, power output of 2,360 hp (1,760 kW) at 3,200 rpm noted just prior to failure.
1044:
were among the engine types used in the 1920s. The Rolls-Royce R was the latest development in high-powered aero engine design at the time, and was chosen by several makers of land speed record-contending cars; the engine was also chosen for
384:". This was initially achieved by fitting one connecting rod inside the other at the lower end in a blade and fork arrangement; however, after cracking of the connecting rods was found during testing in 1931, the rod design was changed to an
1944:
machined. The crankcase modifications decreased over-oiling by 75%, a new scraper ring was suggested to cure the remainder. Fuel/air distribution problem due to new manifold design – return to the original
Buzzard manifold suggested.
821:, but was otherwise a completely new design that first ran in the Experimental Department in November 1939. Although this single engine was never flown, the production version, the Griffon II, first flew in 1941 installed in the
3400:"Wet liners" are formed separately from the main cylinder block casting so that liquid coolant is free to flow around their outsides. As a result, wet-lined cylinders have better cooling and a more even temperature distribution.
1757:
Nineteen R engines were produced at Derby between 1929 and 1931, all given odd serial numbers. This was a Rolls-Royce convention when the propeller rotated anticlockwise when viewed from the front, but an exception was made for
829:
and supercharger drives to the front of the engine to reduce overall length. Another length-reducing measure was the use of a single magneto (the R had two, mounted at the rear), this again was moved to the front of the engine.
611:. The engine was further tested and cleared for limited sprint racing at 2,783 hp (2,075 kW) at 3,400 rpm and +21 lb (1.45 bar) of boost, but this capability was not used due to concerns with the S.6B's
760:
to witness the trials, and with their assistance one cylinder bank was removed, the damaged piston replaced and the cylinder refurbished. This work was completed overnight and allowed the team to continue in the competition.
2827:
during water speed record attempt by Donald
Campbell, salvaged, hull broken up and burnt on the shore. Suspected structural failure of the boat's engine mounts after driveshaft breakage at 170 mph (270 km/h).
1272:
Of the size only of an office desk ... this 12-cylinder supercharged racing engine is more powerful than an express locomotive. Its design is stated to be so valuable that it is still on the
Government's secret
2315:. This was the only R engine originally made as an anticlockwise unit – hence it had a different crankshaft, camshaft and ancillaries. Contrary to Rolls-Royce convention it was given an odd engine number.
498:, which accounts for the frequent reports of black smoke seen issuing from the engine exhaust stubs. Although this robbed the engine of some power, it increased reliability and reduced the possibility of
3874:
AVIA13/122 (Air
Ministry and successors: Royal Aircraft Establishment (from 1988, Royal Aerospace Establishment)). National Archives, Kew (UK). www.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Retrieved 15 October 2009.
175:(2,090 kW), and weighed 1,640 pounds (770 kg). Intensive factory testing revealed mechanical failures which were remedied by redesigning the components, greatly improving reliability.
607:(rpm). With increased boost ratings and fuel developed by Banks, the R engine ultimately developed 2,530 hp (1,890 kW) at 3,200 rpm; well over double the maximum power output of the
1573:
born to a Swiss father, who was described as "the man behind the Campbells" and a central figure who "fitted the first nut to the first bolt". Villa learnt his trade of "aircraft mechanic" in the
1445:
capsized at high speed after possibly hitting a log. Shortly before his death Segrave learnt that he had set a new water speed record of just under 100 mph (160 km/h). On 18 July 1932,
701:. Up to 200 gal (900 L) of the special fuel blend had to be mixed for each test, 80 gal (360 L) of which were used just to warm the engine to operating temperature. The same
864:
prototype fighter aircraft. Technological advances used in the R engine, such as sodium-cooled valves and spark plugs able to operate under high boost pressures, were incorporated into the
588:
to this mixture resulted in a 20 hp (15 kW) increase, with the further advantage of reduced fuel weight – particularly important for aircraft use – due to its lowered
395:, a Rolls-Royce engine designer, as there were inherent problems with the arrangement. The complicated geometry meant that a pair of rods had different effective lengths, giving a longer
841:
dated October and November 1932, to test four engines to destruction. This document states that there were five engines available for test purposes, the fifth to be used for a standard
448:
fitted to each cylinder. This is common practise for aero engines, as it ensures continued operation in the case of a single magneto failure, and has the advantage of more efficient
646:
596:
was added to prevent intermittent misfiring; the composition of this final blend was 30% benzole, 60% methanol, and 10% acetone, plus 4.2 cc of tetra-ethyl lead per gallon.
234:
of 1939, of the same exact bore/stroke and resultant displacement figures as the "R" design. Three examples of the R engine are on public display in British museums as of 2014.
4426:
682:. Development time was short and the deafening sound of three Kestrels and an R engine running at high power for 24 hours a day took its toll on the local population. The
483:
skins. The S.6 was described at the time as a "flying radiator", and it had been estimated that this coolant system dissipated the equivalent of 1,000 hp (745 kW) of
487:
in flight. However, even with this system in use, engine overheating was noted during the race flights, requiring the pilots to reduce the throttle setting to maintain a safe
368:
into the shape of the aircraft's nose, the air intake was positioned in the vee of the engine (which also helped to avoid the ingress of spray), and beneath the engine the
3871:
376:. The engine's length was minimised by not staggering its cylinder banks fore and aft, which meant that the connecting rods from opposing cylinders had to share a short
982:
engine developed for the 1931 contest; effectively a coupled, double AS.5 that suffered from technical problems. With the assistance of Rod Banks, the AS.6 powered the
584:(4.5 L) was tried. This blend of fuel was used to win the 1929 Schneider Trophy race, and continued to be used until June 1931. It was discovered that adding 10%
421:
stems for improved cooling, while additional modifications included a redesigned lower crankcase casting and the introduction of an oil scraper ring below the piston
356:
To make the R as compact as possible, several design modifications were made in comparison to the Buzzard: the propeller reduction gear housing was reshaped, and the
806:, was used for "Moderately Supercharged Buzzard development" (which was not proceeded with until much later), and bore no direct relationship to the volume-produced
475:
as heat exchangers, employing a double-skinned structure through which the coolant could circulate. Engine oil was cooled in a similar manner using channels in the
46:. The rectangular red objects are the exhaust ports blanking plates which would be replaced by the exhaust stubs/pipes when fitted to an aircraft or other vehicle
697:. The majority of this was spat out of the exhaust ports and smothered the test cell walls, milk being given to staff to minimise the effects of this well-known
2152:
for sea trials and attempted first flight – aircraft refused to takeoff due to handling problems. All modifications to date were incorporated in this engine.
1323:
failure due to the combined power of the engines. Nevertheless, he took the record in November 1937, reaching 312 mph (502 km/h), and in 1938 when
928:
placed first and second. 1927 was the last annual competition, the event then moving onto a biannual schedule to allow more development time between races.
5450:
1200:
In 1932, Campbell stated that he "... was fortunate in procuring a special R.R. Schneider Trophy engine" for his land speed record car to replace its
5356:
5301:
5148:
5081:
4969:
4722:
1762:, the sole clockwise-rotation R engine. There is some confusion as to whether 19 or 20 R engines were produced. In his notes Leo Villa refers to an
3436:
The American and French entrants for 1929 withdrew before the start of the contest through a combination of technical problems and lack of training.
3427:
The source is unclear as to the exact meaning of this statement – it may refer to the total force exerted on the piston, or the force per unit area.
1355:
from Sir Malcolm Campbell and, with the continuing support that Rolls-Royce extended to both Campbell and Eyston, he also had the option of using
686:
of Derby stepped in and asked that the people endure the noise for the sake of British prestige; subsequently testing continued for seven months.
752:
failure which would require an engine re-build or replacement. The competition rules did not allow an engine change, but due to the foresight of
4038:
185:
competitions held in England in 1929 and 1931. Shortly after the 1931 competition, an R engine using a special fuel blend powered the winning
615:
not being able to withstand the power, and the inability of the aircraft to lift the extra fuel required to meet the increased consumption.
5537:
1581:
engines to airframes. After World War I he worked for a motor racing company and participated as co-driver and mechanic in several races.
640:
running the next day. Many mechanical failures were experienced during bench testing including burnt valves, connecting rod breakages and
193:
of over 400 miles per hour (640 km/h). Continuing through the 1930s, both new and used R engines were used to achieve various
986:
to a new speed record for piston-powered seaplanes in 1934 of 440.6 mph (709.2 km/h), a record that still stands as of 2009.
913:
3040:(a competing aircraft in the 1929 race as an S.6, and stand-by for the 1931 race, modified as an S.6A) does not contain an R engine.
2306:
1238:
216:
The experience gained by Rolls-Royce and Supermarine designers from the R engine was invaluable in the subsequent development of the
1936:
1,500 hp (1,100 kW) at 2,750 rpm, briefly run at 1,686 hp (1,257 kW) at 3,000 rpm. Engine stripped, forked
1001:
along with the S.6B that secured it, as well as the R engine that powered this aircraft for the subsequent airspeed record flight.
341:; and because of the short life expectancy of these engines, forged aluminium was used to replace bronze and steel in many parts.
4453:
4085:
2190:
Rebuilt to 1931 specification. 2,165 hp (1,614 kW) at 3,200 rpm. Cleared at Calshot for limited full-throttle use.
1131:, reaching an average speed of 407.5 mph (655.67 km/h). It had been intended to also use the identical sister aircraft,
4686:
5542:
3985:
3908:
834:
549:
design was +6 lb (0.4 bar), this figure not being achieved until 1934. The high boost pressures initially caused the
213:, the last record being set in 1939. A final R-powered water speed record attempt by Donald Campbell in 1951 was unsuccessful.
1609:
in 1951 Villa noted the willingness of "Don" to help with engineering tasks, and the difficulties of working on the R engine:
4715:
4616:
4183:
1495:
in June 1937 the engine was "slightly damaged ... because of trouble with the circulating water system". In August 1937
467:
posed new challenges for both the Rolls-Royce and Supermarine design teams. Traditional cooling methods using honeycomb-type
4695:
3872:
Royal Aircraft Establishment, proposal relating to destructive testing of Rolls-Royce R engines, October and November 1932
3032:
These three engines are the only ones listed by the British Aircraft Preservation Council/Rolls-Royce Heritage Trust. The
959:
later registered higher speeds when he completed his laps of the circuit. The Italian team placed second and fourth using
4742:
3304:
900:
that was first held in 1913. The 1926 race was the first where all the teams fielded pilots from their armed forces, the
460:
856:
engineers gained valuable experience of high-speed flight with the S.5 and S.6 aircraft, their next project being the
4660:
4645:
4630:
4602:
4588:
4574:
4559:
4545:
1154:
4708:
1770:
converted to clockwise rotation at the request of Malcolm Campbell rather than an additional example. There was no
1261:
471:
were known to cause high drag in flight; consequently it was decided to use the surface skins of the S.6 wings and
3274:
2647:
Development engine for the last two LSR engines. Thought to have been used as a mock-up model for display only.
2178:
having run 4 hr 33 min on the ground and 2 hr 52 min in the air. Overhauled and refitted to
1986:
1,900 hp (1,400 kW) at 3,200 rpm for 17 minutes – longest time at this power with new rods.
1774:
as Rolls-Royce never used the number 13 in any of their designations. A summary production list is given below:
1049:
attempting the water speed record. One car and two boats successfully used the combined power of two R engines.
4943:
3228:
2963:
at Hendon has a Rolls-Royce R on display (museum number 65E1139) that came to the museum in November 1965 from
1290:
1194:
330:
5547:
5455:
3165:
2960:
2946:
2455:
1538:
for a nominal sum as well as the 1935 record car when his father's effects were auctioned. He also purchased
753:
282:
2096:
Back in development for 1931 race. Probably this engine that blew up at 2,000 hp (1,500 kW) after
5326:
5261:
5059:
5038:
4937:
1550:
was "damaged beyond any immediate repair" by overheating. Another attempt was made later in the year using
838:
399:
on the articulated side; consequently the cylinder liners on that side had to be lengthened to prevent the
2078:
Development engine. Completed 15-minute acceptance test. 1,500 hp (1,100 kW) at 2,750 rpm.
1960:
Development engine. Completed 15-minute acceptance test. 1,500 hp (1,100 kW) at 2,750 rpm.
352:
which featured wet-liner cylinders and lower oil scraper rings, both originally developed for the R engine
156:. Nineteen R engines were assembled in a limited production run between 1929 and 1931. Developed from the
5286:
5012:
2999:
has an R engine on display which is catalogued as a stand-alone item, inventory number 1948-310. This is
2198:
Back at Derby with new design crankshaft. 2,350 hp (1,750 kW) at 3,200 rpm for full hour.
1477:
In late 1935, Sir Malcolm Campbell decided to challenge the water speed record. At that point he had two
1441:
June, Segrave was fatally injured and a Rolls-Royce technical advisor, Victor Halliwell, was killed when
1190:
1116:
On 29 September 1931, barely two weeks after the British team had secured the Schneider Trophy outright,
3828:
3640:
3577:
3560:
5516:
5420:
5411:
2883:
2623:
1970:
Back in development test house. Spot reading of 2,300 hp (1,700 kW) at 3,200 rpm noted.
1678:
1214:
1197:
expressed great interest in the R and asked many questions about its fuel consumption and performance.
1171:
1144:
369:
4429:, AVIA 13/112. National Archives, Kew (UK). www.nationalarchives.gov.uk.: Retrieved: 5 November 2010.
1219:
4031:
1351:, used by the same aircraft to win the Schneider Trophy two weeks earlier. Eyston had also borrowed
5346:
5096:
4989:
4782:
3350:
3003:, the second sprint engine prepared for the successful air speed record attempt, and later used in
989:
In 1931 the British Government withdrew financial support, but a private donation of £100,000 from
2406:
First new 1931 engine, passed final inspection. 2,292 hp (1,709 kW). Installed in S.6B,
1319:, powered by two R engines to attempt the absolute land speed record. At first Eyston experienced
756:, several Rolls-Royce engineers and mechanics that were familiar with the R had travelled down to
5465:
5425:
5366:
5196:
5143:
5138:
5022:
2996:
2783:
raises water speed record again to 130.91 mph (210.67 km/h) with Sir Malcolm Campbell.
2514:
998:
936:
43:
3409:
Maximum power output of the Rolls-Royce Buzzard was 920 hp (690 kW) at 2,300 rpm.
872:
Quite simply the R-type engine was far ahead of its time, a marvel of British skill and ability.
4696:
Rolls-Royce.com, 2002 C.S. Rolls lecture – Details and image of the Rolls-Royce R (Pages 12–13)
1098:
1010:
825:. A significant difference between the R and the production Griffon was the re-location of the
604:
541:
528:
190:
1268:. A press report from the event provides an insight into the public perception of the engine:
1057:
1028:
were often used to power wheeled vehicles to ever-higher speeds, chosen because of their high
678:
lasting up to two days were experienced by test personnel even after plugging their ears with
5401:
5191:
4979:
4895:
4827:
4777:
3289:
1176:
1135:, for the attempt but Stainforth had capsized it on 16 September whilst testing a propeller.
1029:
905:
769:
561:
519:
488:
385:
2795:
new record of 141.74 mph (228.11 km/h) by Sir Malcolm Campbell on Coniston Water.
2088:
Completed first 1-hour full-throttle test. 1,568 hp (1,169 kW) at 3,000 rpm.
5512:
5445:
2724:"Factory spare" lent by Rolls-Royce to Sir Malcolm Campbell as a back-up (he already owned
2377:
Lent by Lord Wakefield to Sir Malcolm Campbell as a spare for a land speed record attempt.
861:
849:
705:
536:
221:
54:
1253:. Once he had achieved the 300 mph (480 km/h) record on 3 September 1935 at the
868:
design. The author Steve Holter sums up the design of the Rolls-Royce R with these words:
599:
On an early test run the R engine produced 1,400 hp (1,040 kW) and was noted to
8:
5500:
5371:
5176:
5171:
5033:
4994:
4933:
4923:
4868:
4858:
4837:
4822:
4812:
4802:
4797:
4757:
4731:
3375:
3321:
3316:
3099:
2706:
2228:
1594:
1531:
1310:
1254:
857:
807:
788:
657:
608:
546:
404:
257:
231:
161:
157:
153:
132:
70:
5396:
5341:
5316:
5306:
5296:
5291:
5266:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5226:
5221:
5206:
5049:
5028:
5017:
4984:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4863:
4853:
4817:
4792:
4762:
2296:
1574:
1260:
Lord Wakefield arranged for a replica of the Rolls-Royce R to be exhibited at the 1933
1018:
990:
865:
408:
349:
217:
198:
4427:"Notes on High Speed Flight, 1931" collected by Wing Commander A. H. Orlebar (T.3209)
581:
426:
5361:
5351:
5336:
5331:
5311:
5181:
5133:
5118:
5086:
5076:
5071:
5065:
5054:
4772:
4767:
4656:
4641:
4626:
4612:
4598:
4584:
4570:
4555:
4541:
3259:
3152:
2969:
2967:. According to the museum's records, before that it was with George Eyston as one of
2890:
2483:
2471:
2331:
1686:
1636:
1315:
1305:
1166:
1148:
1120:
1117:
1078:
1074:
1014:
956:
733:
683:
472:
430:
357:
314:
194:
4011:
3979:
3902:
2030:
Two runs of 29.5 minutes and 18.5 minutes, both terminated by broken exhaust valves
5321:
5276:
5271:
5256:
5231:
5216:
5211:
5201:
5186:
5153:
5123:
5091:
4974:
4928:
4918:
4900:
4807:
4734:
4700:
3199:
2925:
2870:
2844:
2601:
2574:
2530:
2327:
2312:
1750:
1707:
1666:
1641:
1578:
1534:
engine. After Campbell's death from natural causes in 1948, Donald Campbell bought
1455:
1397:
1372:
1182:
1124:
1094:
1070:
1062:
1041:
994:
891:
842:
765:
589:
577:
573:
441:
365:
206:
186:
179:
104:
4180:
2621:
Development engine for the last two land speed record (LSR) engines. Installed in
764:
Engine starting was achieved by a combination of compressed air and a hand-turned
5485:
5128:
4787:
4187:
4042:
3989:
3912:
3221:
3090:
2918:
2865:
2860:
2702:
2301:
1699:
1660:
1438:
1429:
1391:
1368:
1265:
1186:
1102:
1091:
1066:
1025:
951:
947:
925:
909:
818:
670:
633:
554:
437:
396:
338:
302:
290:
269:
252:
210:
145:
100:
80:
60:
3011:, (winner of the 1931 race and the final air speed record aircraft) on display.
2981:
contract number A106961 which makes it the second 1931 race engine delivered to
564:, an engineer who specialised in fuels and engine development. After using neat
391:
The introduction of articulated connecting rods was regarded as a "nuisance" by
5470:
5460:
3418:
Wellworthy was the trade name of a British piston and piston ring manufacturer.
3175:
2820:
1937:
1559:
822:
495:
464:
344:
322:
318:
306:
261:
4673:
2687:
on initial build, later overheated and damaged due to cooling scoop problems.
5531:
5495:
5480:
5475:
4887:
3338:
3250:
3081:
2578:
2342:
2292:
1503:
in Italy where "the modified system worked perfectly with a second engine",
1500:
1424:
1250:
983:
920:, in preparation for the 1927 race in which Supermarine's Mitchell-designed,
814:
795:
741:
717:
674:. The conditions in the test cell were particularly unpleasant; deafness and
392:
298:
286:
202:
30:
3644:, Recorded talks by Schneider Trophy Contest designers and the winning pilot
1449:
set a new world water speed record of 119.81 mph (192.82 km/h) on
5281:
5044:
3159:
2978:
2964:
2911:
2904:
2779:
2697:
2684:
2490:
2387:
2115:
Passed 15-minute acceptance test. 1,552 hp (1,157 kW). Issued to
2003:
1723:
1715:
1522:
1487:
1380:
1376:
1046:
1033:
901:
641:
523:
433:
on the "sprint" engines prepared for that year was raised from 6:1 to 7:1.
418:
310:
165:
109:
3048:
2664:
Bought from Rolls-Royce for £5,800 by Sir Malcolm Campbell for use in the
2014:
Failed after 2.5 minutes when the main bearing and connecting rods failed
1589:
and the spare R engines, but unknown to him they had been sold along with
1385:
931:
772:
motor car. Travelling mostly after dark, this vehicle became known as the
720:, flight testing commenced on 4 August 1929 in the new Supermarine S.6 at
689:
In the course of a 25-minute test an early R engine would consume 60
510:
411:, for which Arthur Rowledge had designed a revised blade and fork system.
403:
from running out of the cylinder skirt. Articulated rods were used in the
5490:
4680:
2982:
2116:
2097:
1492:
1478:
1450:
1201:
1037:
964:
921:
853:
757:
745:
729:
721:
702:
550:
445:
422:
400:
294:
265:
248:
2839:
230:, was tested in 1933, but it was not directly related to the production
5110:
3212:
3178:
3142:
3126:
3074:
3033:
2628:
1741:
1606:
1598:
1434:
917:
694:
664:, one to provide ventilation of the test area, and another to cool the
600:
532:
499:
449:
377:
361:
334:
172:
168:
149:
57:
1565:
The care and maintenance of the Campbell's R engines was entrusted to
5106:
3333:
3168:, ratio 7.47:1, maximum +18 lb boost at 24,000 impeller rpm
1941:
1566:
1328:
1218:
had been rebuilt to accommodate the larger engine and was running at
979:
972:
968:
960:
737:
665:
480:
326:
3387:
Cost: £5,800, the price paid by Malcolm Campbell to Rolls-Royce for
2737:
Option given to George Eyston to use this engine as a spare for the
2360:
Direct-drive engine for Sir Henry Segrave's water speed record boat
1928:
1,400 hp (1,000 kW) observed after 13 hours running.
1303:
During the mid-1930s, George Eyston set many speed records with his
896:
The Schneider Trophy was a prestigious annual prize competition for
679:
5004:
4910:
3208:
3191:
2022:
Failed after 17.33 minutes when supercharger slipper bushes seized
1645:
1546:. Attempts on the record were made in 1949, and again in 1951 when
1446:
993:
allowed Supermarine to compete on 13 September using the R-powered
912:. Sometimes known simply as The Flight, the team was formed at the
897:
833:
Further possible development work on the R engine was discussed in
826:
725:
698:
675:
661:
612:
585:
476:
468:
381:
373:
182:
3925:"Schneider Race Trophy Held By Britain, 328 Miles An Hour". News.
2002:
2,210 hp (1,650 kW) at 3,200 rpm. Attempted 1-hour
798:'s memoirs, a de-rated version of the R engine, known by the name
3195:
3187:
2006:
acceptance test but oil pressure was lost after 22 minutes.
1915:
1570:
593:
565:
557:
type X170 plug was chosen as it proved to be extremely reliable.
281:
The R was a physically imposing engine designed by a team led by
3148:
2051:
2039:
1485:
at his disposal, and it was decided to install the R engine in
1332:
1320:
783:
749:
690:
415:
4640:
Second edition. London, UK: Arms and Armour Press Ltd., 1986.
3929:. No. 45303. London. 9 September 1929. col G, p. 13.
2937:
2311:
2,053 hp (1,531 kW) at 3,000 rpm. Water-cooled
560:
The development of special fuel was attributed to the work of
3584:, p. 989. www.flightglobal.com. Retrieved: 14 November 2009.
3567:, p. 990. www.flightglobal.com. Retrieved: 14 November 2009.
2709:
jet engine installed unsuccessfully by Sir Malcolm Campbell.
2175:
943:
569:
494:
A not-so-obvious cooling measure was the deliberate use of a
268:
on 3 July 1928, allowing Mitchell to start design of the new
4454:
Rolls-Royce R (exhibit) at the Royal Air Force Museum London
2596:
Last of batch of 6 made for 1931 contest. Installed in S.6A
1327:
reached 357.5 mph (575 km/h). When first built at
744:
tests, metal particles were found on two of the engine's 24
3445:
Highest record for each aircraft/car/boat type listed only.
1731:
1123:
broke the world airspeed record in a Rolls-Royce R-powered
484:
4098:, p. 966. www.flightglobal.com. Retrieved 29 October 2009.
3835:, p. 309. www.flightglobal.com. Retrieved 29 October 2009.
708:
used for flight trials was fitted throughout these tests.
545: lb". By comparison the maximum boost of the earlier
539:, a figure known as "boost" and commonly abbreviated as "+
425:; a measure that was carried over to the Merlin engine. A
4655:
Historical Series (16) Rolls-Royce Heritage Trust, 1990.
3650:, p. 61. www.flightglobal.com. Retrieved 21 October 2009.
3025:
which is destined to be fitted in its restoration of the
1994:
Failed after 17 minutes when the main bearings collapsed
1097:, commanding officer of the High Speed Flight, set a new
778:
650:
649:" pistons that were better able to withstand the 13
4625:. Marlborough, Wiltshire, UK: Airlife Publishing, 2003.
1347:
when it set the air speed record in 1931. The other was
1257:, Campbell retired from further land speed endeavours.
837:' file AVIA 13/122, which contains a proposal from the
4674:
1929 Schneider Trophy, original footage and soundtrack
4653:
Rolls-Royce Piston Aero Engines – a designer remembers
4611:. London, UK: Abacus, Little, Brown Book Group, 2004.
4540:, Midland Publishing, Hinckley, Leicestershire. 2004.
4190:
www.sirmalcolmcampbell.com. Retrieved 21 October 2009.
1727:: 19 August 1939 – 141.74 mph (228.11 km/h)
1719:: 17 August 1938 – 130.91 mph (210.67 km/h)
1663:: 8 September 1929 – 355.8 mph (572.6 km/h)
1204:. Lent to him by Rolls-Royce, this engine was either
1189:, used R engines from 1931 to 1951. At Sir Malcolm's
4730:
4045:
www.sciencemuseum.org.uk. Retrieved 15 October 2009.
3473:
3471:
3147:
Two intake and two exhaust valves per cylinder with
1766:engine, but according to Holter this may have been
1690:: 16 September 1938 – 357.5 mph (575 km/h)
1669:: 29 September 1931 – 407.5 mph (656 km/h)
1090:
Immediately after the 1929 Schneider Trophy contest
4456:
navigator.rafmuseum.org. Retrieved 15 October 2009.
3151:-cooled exhaust valve stems, actuated via a single
2119:for test flying with minimum use of full throttle.
1711:: 18 July 1932 – 119.81 mph (192.82 km/h)
1703:: 9 July 1931 – 110.28 mph (177.48 km/h)
813:The pre-production Griffon I shared the R engine's
656:Ground testing of the R involved the use of three
4583:. Cambridge, UK: Patrick Stephens Limited, 2006.
4569:. Cambridge, UK: Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989.
4554:. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd., 2001.
3468:
2973:record engines. Its data plate states that it is
2366:2,053 hp (1,531 kW) at 3,000 rpm.
1682:: 3 September 1935 – 301 mph (484 km/h)
1644:; engine oil cooling channels are evident on the
975:engine attended the contest but did not compete.
440:consisted of two rear-mounted, crankshaft-driven
5529:
4027:
4025:
4023:
2470:for first Air Speed Record runs flown by Flt Lt
463:this large engine whilst minimising aerodynamic
372:were raised a little to reduce the depth of the
3246:2,530 hp (1,887 kW) at 3,200 rpm
3211:with one pressure pump and two scavenge pumps,
1593:. Villa eventually took the three R engines to
1562:. It was recovered and broken up on the shore.
802:at that time, was tested in 1933. This engine,
4207:
4205:
3073:12-cylinder, supercharged, liquid-cooled, 60°
2529:(the Trophy-winning aircraft), and gained the
309:V-12 layout. A new single-stage, double-sided
4716:
4597:. Wilmslow, Cheshire, UK: Sigma Press, 2002.
4020:
1978:First test with articulated connecting rods.
1631:
1542:back from a car dealer and reinstalled it in
568:for early ground test runs, a mixture of 11%
148:that was designed and built specifically for
4422:
4420:
4247:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4239:
4237:
4235:
3683:
3681:
3555:
3553:
3551:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3043:
1526:. In 1947 Campbell unsuccessfully converted
4491:
4489:
4418:
4416:
4414:
4412:
4410:
4408:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4400:
4376:
4374:
4372:
4370:
4368:
4295:
4293:
4202:
4140:
4138:
4136:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4122:
3753:
3751:
3749:
3747:
3745:
1882:
407:engine, but were not embodied in the later
171:capable of producing just under 2,800
4723:
4709:
4437:
4435:
4390:
4388:
4386:
4062:
4060:
4017:www.raf.mod.uk. Retrieved 17 October 2009.
3992:www.raf.mod.uk. Retrieved 17 October 2009.
3938:
3936:
3918:
3915:www.raf.mod.uk. Retrieved 17 October 2009.
3814:
3812:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3767:
3765:
3763:
3717:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3671:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3605:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3541:
3539:
3537:
3535:
3533:
3531:
3529:
3510:
3508:
3064:
2728:) for the 1935 land speed record attempt.
2427:Delivered to Supermarine. Fitted in S.6B
2345:as a spare for land speed record attempt.
2231:MS (moderately supercharged) development.
1940:found cracked. Redesigned rods fitted and
1914:Development engine. First test using neat
1558:suffered a structural failure and sank in
1101:of 355.8 mph (572.6 km/h) using
914:Marine Aircraft Experimental Establishment
4623:British Piston Engines and their Aircraft
4232:
3678:
3570:
3548:
3489:
1618:just rolled up his sleeves and mucked in.
1229:from Rolls-Royce; and had also been lent
1004:
313:impeller was designed along with revised
237:
178:The R was used with great success in the
4486:
4397:
4365:
4290:
4119:
3792:
3742:
3047:
2936:
2838:
2385:Timed at 85 mph (137 km/h) in
1740:
1732:Production and individual engine history
1635:
1613:I was in the workshop stitching the old
1427:'s twin-engined water speed record boat
1384:
1165:
1056:
978:More comparable to the R engine was the
930:
782:
514:Supercharger detail of the Rolls-Royce R
509:
505:
343:
4432:
4383:
4069:
4057:
4013:The Schneider Trophy – 70th Anniversary
3981:The Schneider Trophy – 70th Anniversary
3933:
3904:The Schneider Trophy – 70th Anniversary
3801:
3760:
3708:
3662:
3596:
3526:
3505:
3374:The Buzzard was itself a 6:5 scaled-up
2769:at 126.32 mph (203.29 km/h).
1433:, this craft being ready for trials on
967:aircraft. Another racing seaplane, the
935:The Schneider Trophy on display at the
885:
660:engines: one to simulate a headwind or
592:. For the 1931 airspeed record attempt
160:, it was a 37-litre (2,240 cu in)
5530:
4449:
4447:
4036:, Inventory number: 1932-532 (exhibit)
3517:
1861:1931 Development/factory spare engines
1512:Blue Bird K4 and the work of Leo Villa
1313:. In 1937 he built a massive new car,
904:financing a British team known as the
779:Relationship to the Griffon and Merlin
452:over a single spark plug application.
4704:
2932:
2533:at 407.5 mph (655.8 km/h).
1736:
1362:
848:Although not directly related to the
3255:1.13 hp/cu in (51.41 kW/L)
3021:The Filching Manor Motor Museum has
3007:. The Science Museum also has S.6B,
1225:In late 1933 Campbell bought engine
1138:
553:to fail on test, and eventually the
429:was introduced in May 1931, and the
414:Later production R engines featured
224:. A de-rated R engine, known as the
5538:Rolls-Royce aircraft piston engines
4567:World Encyclopaedia of Aero Engines
4444:
3305:Rolls-Royce aircraft piston engines
305:and capacity, and used the same 60-
13:
4691:, 10 January 1933 – Design details
4581:Development of Piston Aero Engines
3174:Four duplex updraught Rolls-Royce/
2577:Contest. Aircraft flown by Flt Lt
2559:Third 1931 race engine delivered.
1753:, camshaft drive and exhaust ports
1309:car, powered by an unsupercharged
1212:. By February 1933 the car, named
1052:
653:"pressure" of each firing stroke.
444:, each supplying one of a pair of
14:
5559:
4667:
3294:1.54 hp/lb (2.54 kW/kg)
1640:The Rolls-Royce R installed in a
1155:Campbell-Napier-Railton Blue Bird
946:between Great Britain and Italy,
711:
693:(gal) (270 L) of pre-heated
623:
4538:Wrecks and Relics - 19th Edition
3270:3.5 gal/min (16 L/min)
2341:Lent by Sir Malcolm Campbell to
1335:, the nearside engine fitted to
518:The keys to the R engine's high
201:by such racing personalities as
29:
4529:
4516:
4507:
4498:
4477:
4468:
4459:
4356:
4347:
4338:
4329:
4320:
4311:
4302:
4281:
4272:
4263:
4254:
4223:
4214:
4193:
4174:
4165:
4156:
4147:
4110:
4101:
4078:
4048:
4004:
3995:
3972:
3963:
3954:
3945:
3895:
3886:
3877:
3865:
3856:
3847:
3838:
3821:
3783:
3774:
3733:
3724:
3699:
3690:
3653:
3633:
3624:
3587:
3439:
3430:
3421:
3412:
3403:
2834:
2364:, sponsored by Lord Wakefield.
2038:Ran for 25 minutes fitted with
5163:Rolls-Royce Barnoldswick (RB)
3578:The Rolls-Royce Racing Engines
3561:The Rolls-Royce Racing Engines
3480:
3459:
3394:
3381:
3368:
3237:
3104:2,239 cu in (36.7 L)
2217:. Development engine in 1930.
1918:fuel. No power figures taken.
1481:and one Rolls-Royce R engine,
1291:Daytona International Speedway
380:bearing journal known as the "
276:
247:Rolls-Royce realised that the
1:
5543:1920s aircraft piston engines
4181:Blue Bird at Daytona Speedway
3356:
3285:14 gal/hr (64 L/hr)
3166:centrifugal type supercharger
3135:
2961:Royal Air Force Museum London
2947:Royal Air Force Museum London
2456:Royal Air Force Museum London
2129:Post race, installed in S.6,
2042:-filled valves. Heads failed
1833:1931 Schneider Trophy engines
1794:1929 Schneider Trophy engines
1245:by Rolls-Royce. He then lent
636:factory on 7 April 1929 with
333:castings were produced from "
297:. The R shared the Buzzard's
4687:Campbell-Railton Blue Bird,
3452:
3361:
3224:coolant mixture, pressurised
2811:was damaged by overheating.
2807:with Donald Campbell, after
2765:Takes water speed record in
2671:Filching Manor Motor Museum
2600:as reserve aircraft for the
2431:for first flight 12 August.
1577:; his first job was fitting
839:Royal Aircraft Establishment
632:took place at Rolls-Royce's
572:and 89% benzole plus 5
7:
5381:Aero-derivative industrial
4220:Jennings 2004, pp. 169–172.
4032:Supermarine Seaplane S.6B,
3298:
3233:0.605:1, right-hand tractor
3131:1,640 lb (744 kg)
3110:100 in (2,540 mm)
3095:6.6 in (167.6 mm)
2391:with Sir Malcolm Campbell.
2227:Redesignated "R-MS-11" for
1193:ceremony in February 1931,
1175:replica, an exhibit at the
10:
5564:
5517:Rolls-Royce Heritage Trust
4552:The Schneider Trophy Story
4087:The Three-Kilometre Record
3122:42 in (1,067 mm)
2884:Campbell-Railton Blue Bird
2666:Campbell-Railton Blue Bird
2624:Campbell-Railton Blue Bird
2410:for first flight 29 July.
2326:Lent by Lord Wakefield to
2133:for speed record attempt.
1962:
1949:
1632:World speed record summary
1520:was again used in 1939 in
1459:, which also used engines
1366:
1172:Campbell-Railton Blue Bird
1161:Campbell-Railton Blue Bird
1152:
1145:Campbell-Railton Blue Bird
1142:
1008:
889:
618:
455:
5509:
5438:
5410:
5389:
5380:
5162:
5105:
5003:
4909:
4886:
4846:
4750:
4741:
4054:Holter 2002, pp. 164–171.
3275:Specific fuel consumption
3086:6 in (152.4 mm)
3044:Specifications (R – 1931)
3029:water speed record boat.
2757:by Sir Malcolm Campbell.
2730:
2713:
2670:
2653:
2561:
2548:
2540:To George Eyston for the
2513:
2497:
2454:
2437:
2369:
2349:
2318:
2280:
2252:
2235:
2219:
2202:
2154:
2137:
2121:
2104:
2080:
2067:
1920:
1903:
1818:1930 Wakefield order for
1289:is now on display at the
242:
37:
28:
23:
3351:List of aircraft engines
3116:32 in (813 mm)
3077:, aircraft piston engine
2291:Direct-drive engine for
1883:Individual history table
1778:1929 Development engines
942:During the 1929 race at
628:The first run of engine
364:covers were modified to
331:propeller reduction gear
251:engine used in the 1927
16:1929 British aero engine
4847:By company designation:
4186:6 November 2009 at the
3988:25 October 2008 at the
3960:Eves 2001, pp. 244–245.
3951:Eves 2001, pp. 171–197.
3829:The Rolls-Royce Griffon
3705:Eves 2001, pp. 230–231.
3065:General characteristics
2627:during construction at
2544:land speed record car.
1810:1930 Development engine
1749:showing details of one
1601:for long-term storage.
4344:Jennings 2004, p. 272.
4326:Jennings 2004, p. 106.
4287:Jennings 2004, p. 107.
4278:Jennings 2004, p. 302.
4260:Jennings 2004, p. 298.
4211:Jennings 2004, p. 291.
4199:Jennings 2004. p. 282.
4171:Jennings 2002, p. 277.
4162:Jennings 2004, p. 236.
4153:Jennings 2004, p. 273.
4116:Jennings 2004, p. 237.
4107:Jennings 2004, p. 193.
3883:Price 1982, pp. 19–20.
3198:, plus 4.2 cc of
3053:
2949:
2851:
2487:land speed record car.
2162:First flight, in S.6,
1754:
1648:
1629:
1401:
1284:
1179:
1082:
1030:power-to-weight ratios
1011:Flight airspeed record
1005:World speed record use
939:
883:
791:
605:revolutions per minute
529:pounds per square inch
515:
353:
238:Design and development
5402:Rolls-Royce Meteorite
4041:18 March 2010 at the
3853:Lumsden 2003, p. 217.
3844:Lumsden 2003, p. 216.
3739:Gunston 1989, p. 139.
3730:Lumsden 2003, p. 198.
3696:Lumsden 2003, p. 195.
3502:Lumsden 2003, p. 199.
3486:Lumsden 2004, p. 168.
3290:Power-to-weight ratio
3051:
2997:London Science Museum
2940:
2842:
2515:London Science Museum
2481:To George Eyston for
1744:
1639:
1611:
1530:to jet power using a
1388:
1270:
1177:Lakeland Motor Museum
1169:
1060:
999:London Science Museum
937:London Science Museum
934:
870:
845:at high revolutions.
835:The National Archives
786:
774:Phantom of The Night.
770:Rolls-Royce Phantom I
520:power-to-weight ratio
513:
506:Supercharger and fuel
489:operating temperature
347:
44:London Science Museum
5548:V12 aircraft engines
5513:Rolls-Royce Holdings
5446:Alan Arnold Griffith
4353:Holter 2002, p. 170.
4251:Holter 2002, p. 171.
4084:25 September 1931. "
3969:Gunston 1989, p. 58.
3911:13 July 2007 at the
3862:Rubbra 1990, p. 118.
3827:20 September 1945. "
3687:Holter 2002, p. 175.
3642:Voices From The Past
3630:Gunston 2006, p. 60.
2705:. This replaced the
2466:Fitted to the S.6B,
2328:Sir Malcolm Campbell
1595:Thomson & Taylor
1185:, and later his son
1183:Sir Malcolm Campbell
1065:team. left to right
886:Schneider Trophy use
862:Supermarine Type 224
603:happily at 450
537:atmospheric pressure
348:Sectioned view of a
207:Sir Malcolm Campbell
42:) on display at the
5501:Spirito Mario Viale
4732:Rolls-Royce Limited
4607:Jennings, Charles.
4513:Holter 2002, p. 84.
4504:Holter 2002, p. 30.
4495:Holter 2002, p. 44.
4483:Holter 2002, p. 29.
4474:Holter 2002, p. 71.
4465:Holter 2002, p. 31.
4380:Holter 2002, p. 37.
4362:Holter 2002, p. 45.
4335:Holter 2002, p. 85.
4317:Holter 2002, p. 79.
4308:Holter 2002, p. 69.
4299:Holter 2002, p. 87.
4269:Holter 2002, p. 63.
4229:Holter 2002, p. 13.
4144:Holter 2002, p. 43.
3892:Holter 2002, p. 46.
3798:Holter 2002, p. 41.
3789:Holter 2002, p. 40.
3780:Holter 2002, p. 36.
3757:Holter 2002, p. 38.
3593:Rubbra 1990, p. 60.
3576:" 2 October 1931. "
3514:Holter 2002, p. 42.
3477:Holter 2002, p. 35.
3376:Rolls-Royce Kestrel
3322:Rolls-Royce Griffon
3317:Rolls-Royce Buzzard
3311:Related development
3060:Lumsden and Holter.
2569:Installed in S.6B,
2126:Mid-September 1929
1532:de Havilland Goblin
1491:. During trials on
1311:Rolls-Royce Kestrel
1255:Bonneville Speedway
858:Rolls-Royce Goshawk
789:Rolls-Royce Griffon
547:Rolls-Royce Kestrel
502:in the cylinders.
427:balanced crankshaft
232:Rolls-Royce Griffon
199:water speed records
158:Rolls-Royce Buzzard
154:Rolls-Royce Limited
133:Rolls-Royce Buzzard
71:Rolls-Royce Limited
5451:R.W. Harvey-Bailey
5397:Rolls-Royce Meteor
5383:and marine engines
4638:The Spitfire Story
4522:Ellis 2004, p. 75.
4441:Eves 2001, p. 202.
4394:Eves 2001, p. 227.
4075:Price 1986, p. 10.
4066:Eves 2001, p. 193.
4001:Eves 2001, p. 206.
3942:Price 1986, p. 11.
3818:Eves 2001, p. 228.
3771:Eves 2001, p. 177.
3721:Eves 2001, p. 230.
3675:Eves 2001, p. 210.
3659:Eves 2001, p. 208.
3621:Eves 2001, p. 229.
3545:Eves 2001, p. 226.
3523:Eves 2001, p. 225.
3465:Eves 2001, p. 174.
3328:Comparable engines
3279:0.85 pt/hp/hr
3220:70% water and 30%
3054:
2950:
2933:Engines on display
2852:
2816:10 September 1951
2593:13 September 1931
2566:13 September 1931
2522:29 September 1931
2463:13 September 1931
2297:water speed record
2148:Installed in S.6,
2100:coupling failure.
1755:
1737:Production summary
1695:Water speed record
1649:
1575:Royal Flying Corps
1402:
1363:Water speed record
1343:which had powered
1180:
1083:
1019:Water speed record
991:Lucy, Lady Houston
940:
866:Rolls-Royce Merlin
792:
787:A late-production
740:. During pre-race
516:
409:Rolls-Royce Merlin
354:
350:Rolls-Royce Merlin
218:Rolls-Royce Merlin
189:aircraft to a new
96:Major applications
5523:
5522:
5434:
5433:
4882:
4881:
4617:978-0-349-11596-2
4089:– the sinking of
3559:2 October 1931. "
3268:Fuel consumption:
3260:Compression ratio
3153:overhead camshaft
3052:The Rolls-Royce R
2832:
2831:
2762:1 September 1937
2746:July/August 1937
2676:July/August 1937
2556:3 September 1931
2505:8 September 1931
2472:George Stainforth
2445:9 September 1931
2332:land speed record
2313:exhaust manifolds
2293:Sir Henry Segrave
2246:Probably in S.6,
2243:7 September 1929
2093:25 February 1931
1967:26 February 1931
1899:Display location
1674:Land speed record
1437:by June 1930. On
1425:Sir Henry Segrave
1423:, were built for
1306:Speed of the Wind
1149:Thunderbolt (car)
1139:Land speed record
1121:George Stainforth
1118:Flight Lieutenant
1061:The 1929 British
1015:Land speed record
957:Richard Atcherley
906:High Speed Flight
734:Southampton Water
574:cubic centimetres
531:(psi) (1.24
496:rich fuel mixture
431:compression ratio
317:and strengthened
203:Sir Henry Segrave
138:
137:
5555:
5387:
5386:
5068:(as Turbo-Union)
5062:(with MAN Turbo)
5041:(with MAN Turbo)
4901:Rolls-Royce RZ.2
4778:Eagle XVI (X-16)
4748:
4747:
4725:
4718:
4711:
4702:
4701:
4595:Leap into Legend
4523:
4520:
4514:
4511:
4505:
4502:
4496:
4493:
4484:
4481:
4475:
4472:
4466:
4463:
4457:
4451:
4442:
4439:
4430:
4424:
4395:
4392:
4381:
4378:
4363:
4360:
4354:
4351:
4345:
4342:
4336:
4333:
4327:
4324:
4318:
4315:
4309:
4306:
4300:
4297:
4288:
4285:
4279:
4276:
4270:
4267:
4261:
4258:
4252:
4249:
4230:
4227:
4221:
4218:
4212:
4209:
4200:
4197:
4191:
4178:
4172:
4169:
4163:
4160:
4154:
4151:
4145:
4142:
4117:
4114:
4108:
4105:
4099:
4082:
4076:
4073:
4067:
4064:
4055:
4052:
4046:
4029:
4018:
4008:
4002:
3999:
3993:
3976:
3970:
3967:
3961:
3958:
3952:
3949:
3943:
3940:
3931:
3930:
3922:
3916:
3899:
3893:
3890:
3884:
3881:
3875:
3869:
3863:
3860:
3854:
3851:
3845:
3842:
3836:
3825:
3819:
3816:
3799:
3796:
3790:
3787:
3781:
3778:
3772:
3769:
3758:
3755:
3740:
3737:
3731:
3728:
3722:
3719:
3706:
3703:
3697:
3694:
3688:
3685:
3676:
3673:
3660:
3657:
3651:
3637:
3631:
3628:
3622:
3619:
3594:
3591:
3585:
3574:
3568:
3557:
3546:
3543:
3524:
3521:
3515:
3512:
3503:
3500:
3487:
3484:
3478:
3475:
3466:
3463:
3446:
3443:
3437:
3434:
3428:
3425:
3419:
3416:
3410:
3407:
3401:
3398:
3392:
3385:
3379:
3372:
3283:Oil consumption:
3200:tetra-ethyl lead
2926:Miss England III
2871:Supermarine S.6B
2866:Supermarine S.6A
2845:Supermarine S.6B
2602:Schneider Trophy
2575:Schneider Trophy
2531:air speed record
2054:-filled valves.
1887:
1886:
1708:Miss England III
1667:Supermarine S.6B
1657:Air speed record
1642:Supermarine S.6B
1627:
1625:Leap Into Legend
1579:Beardmore 160 hp
1456:Miss England III
1389:Scale models of
1373:Miss England III
1282:
1125:Supermarine S.6B
1112:Supermarine S.6B
1095:Augustus Orlebar
1063:Schneider Trophy
1042:Sunbeam Matabele
995:Supermarine S.6B
926:Supermarine S.5s
892:Schneider Trophy
881:
879:Leap Into Legend
691:Imperial gallons
590:specific gravity
578:tetra-ethyl lead
401:oil scraper ring
386:articulated type
321:. The wet-liner
187:Supermarine S.6B
180:Schneider Trophy
129:
119:
105:Supermarine S.6B
97:
33:
21:
20:
5563:
5562:
5558:
5557:
5556:
5554:
5553:
5552:
5528:
5527:
5524:
5519:
5505:
5486:Arthur Rowledge
5430:
5406:
5390:Piston engines:
5382:
5376:
5164:
5158:
5101:
4999:
4905:
4878:
4842:
4737:
4729:
4670:
4665:
4636:Price, Alfred.
4621:Lumsden, Alec.
4593:Holter, Steve.
4579:Gunston, Bill.
4565:Gunston, Bill.
4532:
4527:
4526:
4521:
4517:
4512:
4508:
4503:
4499:
4494:
4487:
4482:
4478:
4473:
4469:
4464:
4460:
4452:
4445:
4440:
4433:
4425:
4398:
4393:
4384:
4379:
4366:
4361:
4357:
4352:
4348:
4343:
4339:
4334:
4330:
4325:
4321:
4316:
4312:
4307:
4303:
4298:
4291:
4286:
4282:
4277:
4273:
4268:
4264:
4259:
4255:
4250:
4233:
4228:
4224:
4219:
4215:
4210:
4203:
4198:
4194:
4188:Wayback Machine
4179:
4175:
4170:
4166:
4161:
4157:
4152:
4148:
4143:
4120:
4115:
4111:
4106:
4102:
4083:
4079:
4074:
4070:
4065:
4058:
4053:
4049:
4043:Wayback Machine
4030:
4021:
4009:
4005:
4000:
3996:
3990:Wayback Machine
3977:
3973:
3968:
3964:
3959:
3955:
3950:
3946:
3941:
3934:
3924:
3923:
3919:
3913:Wayback Machine
3906:, The 1927 Race
3900:
3896:
3891:
3887:
3882:
3878:
3870:
3866:
3861:
3857:
3852:
3848:
3843:
3839:
3826:
3822:
3817:
3802:
3797:
3793:
3788:
3784:
3779:
3775:
3770:
3761:
3756:
3743:
3738:
3734:
3729:
3725:
3720:
3709:
3704:
3700:
3695:
3691:
3686:
3679:
3674:
3663:
3658:
3654:
3639:16 July 1942. "
3638:
3634:
3629:
3625:
3620:
3597:
3592:
3588:
3575:
3571:
3558:
3549:
3544:
3527:
3522:
3518:
3513:
3506:
3501:
3490:
3485:
3481:
3476:
3469:
3464:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3449:
3444:
3440:
3435:
3431:
3426:
3422:
3417:
3413:
3408:
3404:
3399:
3395:
3386:
3382:
3373:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3301:
3240:
3222:ethylene glycol
3218:Cooling system:
3213:pure castor oil
3138:
3067:
3046:
3036:museum's S.6A,
2941:Rolls-Royce R,
2935:
2919:Miss England II
2861:Supermarine S.6
2837:
2788:19 August 1939
2774:17 August 1938
2703:Donald Campbell
2692:17 August 1949
2581:won the Trophy
2525:Fitted in S.6B
2488:
2362:Miss England II
2330:as a spare for
2305:, sponsored by
2302:Miss England II
2269:22 August 1931
2210:25 August 1929
2195:12 August 1931
2171:22 August 1929
2159:10 August 1929
1938:connecting rods
1885:
1820:Miss England II
1739:
1734:
1700:Miss England II
1661:Supermarine S.6
1634:
1628:
1622:
1453:in a new boat,
1443:Miss England II
1430:Miss England II
1415:Two R engines,
1406:Miss England II
1392:Miss England II
1383:
1369:Miss England II
1367:Main articles:
1365:
1329:Bean Industries
1283:
1277:
1266:Olympia, London
1157:
1151:
1143:Main articles:
1141:
1103:Supermarine S.6
1099:airspeed record
1092:Squadron Leader
1086:Supermarine S.6
1069:, Moon, Grieg,
1055:
1053:Airspeed record
1021:
1009:Main articles:
1007:
971:powered by the
952:Supermarine S.6
948:Richard Waghorn
910:Royal Air Force
908:drawn from the
894:
888:
882:
876:
781:
714:
671:Miss England II
626:
621:
582:Imperial gallon
570:aviation petrol
508:
458:
438:ignition system
339:aluminium alloy
323:cylinder blocks
319:connecting rods
291:Arthur Rowledge
279:
253:Supermarine S.5
245:
240:
220:engine and the
191:airspeed record
127:
117:
107:
103:
101:Supermarine S.6
95:
81:Arthur Rowledge
38:Rolls-Royce R (
17:
12:
11:
5:
5561:
5551:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5521:
5520:
5510:
5507:
5506:
5504:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5471:Adrian Lombard
5468:
5463:
5461:Stanley Hooker
5458:
5453:
5448:
5442:
5440:
5436:
5435:
5432:
5431:
5429:
5428:
5423:
5421:Marine Olympus
5417:
5415:
5408:
5407:
5405:
5404:
5399:
5393:
5391:
5384:
5378:
5377:
5375:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5168:
5166:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5115:
5113:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5063:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5020:
5015:
5009:
5007:
5001:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4941:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4915:
4913:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4903:
4898:
4892:
4890:
4888:Rocket engines
4884:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4877:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4850:
4848:
4844:
4843:
4841:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4754:
4752:
4745:
4743:Piston engines
4739:
4738:
4728:
4727:
4720:
4713:
4705:
4699:
4698:
4693:
4684:
4669:
4668:External links
4666:
4664:
4663:
4649:
4634:
4619:
4605:
4591:
4577:
4563:
4550:Eves, Edward.
4548:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4515:
4506:
4497:
4485:
4476:
4467:
4458:
4443:
4431:
4396:
4382:
4364:
4355:
4346:
4337:
4328:
4319:
4310:
4301:
4289:
4280:
4271:
4262:
4253:
4231:
4222:
4213:
4201:
4192:
4173:
4164:
4155:
4146:
4118:
4109:
4100:
4077:
4068:
4056:
4047:
4019:
4003:
3994:
3983:, The Build-up
3971:
3962:
3953:
3944:
3932:
3917:
3894:
3885:
3876:
3864:
3855:
3846:
3837:
3820:
3800:
3791:
3782:
3773:
3759:
3741:
3732:
3723:
3707:
3698:
3689:
3677:
3661:
3652:
3632:
3623:
3595:
3586:
3569:
3547:
3525:
3516:
3504:
3488:
3479:
3467:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3438:
3429:
3420:
3411:
3402:
3393:
3380:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3342:
3341:
3336:
3325:
3324:
3319:
3308:
3307:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3286:
3280:
3271:
3265:
3256:
3251:Specific power
3247:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3229:Reduction gear
3225:
3215:
3203:
3181:
3176:Claudel-Hobson
3169:
3156:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3123:
3117:
3111:
3105:
3096:
3087:
3078:
3066:
3063:
3045:
3042:
3019:
3018:
2993:
2992:
2957:
2956:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2908:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2894:
2887:
2879:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2857:
2856:
2843:The R-powered
2836:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2821:Coniston Water
2817:
2813:
2812:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2775:
2771:
2770:
2763:
2759:
2758:
2747:
2743:
2742:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2722:
2719:
2711:
2710:
2693:
2689:
2688:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2669:
2662:
2659:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2619:
2616:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2594:
2591:
2583:
2582:
2567:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2546:
2545:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2523:
2519:
2518:
2512:
2508:Flown in S.6B
2506:
2503:
2495:
2494:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2453:
2448:Fitted in S6B
2446:
2443:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2425:
2422:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2404:
2401:
2393:
2392:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2358:
2355:
2347:
2346:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2307:Lord Wakefield
2289:
2286:
2278:
2277:
2272:Flown in S.6B
2270:
2266:
2265:
2260:Flown in S.6A
2258:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2250:for the race.
2244:
2241:
2233:
2232:
2225:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2211:
2208:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2183:
2182:for the race.
2172:
2168:
2167:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2146:
2145:4 August 1929
2143:
2135:
2134:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2113:
2110:
2102:
2101:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2085:7 August 1929
2082:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2055:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2008:
2007:
2000:
1999:25 April 1931
1996:
1995:
1992:
1991:24 April 1931
1988:
1987:
1984:
1983:23 April 1931
1980:
1979:
1976:
1975:21 April 1931
1972:
1971:
1968:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1947:
1946:
1934:
1930:
1929:
1926:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1912:
1909:
1901:
1900:
1897:
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1792:
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1730:
1729:
1728:
1720:
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1704:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1683:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1633:
1630:
1620:
1560:Coniston Water
1515:
1514:
1475:
1474:
1413:
1412:
1364:
1361:
1301:
1300:
1278:Press report,
1275:
1239:Lord Wakefield
1164:
1163:
1140:
1137:
1114:
1113:
1088:
1087:
1054:
1051:
1034:Liberty engine
1006:
1003:
890:Main article:
887:
884:
877:Steve Holter,
874:
823:Fairey Firefly
810:of the 1940s.
780:
777:
713:
712:Flight testing
710:
625:
624:Ground testing
622:
620:
617:
507:
504:
457:
454:
285:and including
278:
275:
273:of that year.
262:R. J. Mitchell
260:, was sent to
244:
241:
239:
236:
136:
135:
130:
128:Developed from
124:
123:
120:
114:
113:
98:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
52:
48:
47:
35:
34:
26:
25:
24:Rolls-Royce R
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5560:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5535:
5533:
5526:
5518:
5514:
5508:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5496:Arthur Rubbra
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5481:Harry Ricardo
5479:
5477:
5476:Cyril Lovesey
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5443:
5441:
5437:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5409:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5394:
5392:
5388:
5385:
5379:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
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5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5161:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5116:
5114:
5112:
5108:
5104:
5098:
5097:Trent (RB203)
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5067:
5064:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:(with SNECMA)
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5006:
5002:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:(with SNECMA)
4945:
4942:
4939:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4912:
4908:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4893:
4891:
4889:
4885:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4851:
4849:
4845:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4755:
4753:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4740:
4736:
4733:
4726:
4721:
4719:
4714:
4712:
4707:
4706:
4703:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4690:
4685:
4682:
4678:
4675:
4672:
4671:
4662:
4661:1-872922-00-7
4658:
4654:
4651:Rubbra, A.A.
4650:
4647:
4646:0-85368-861-3
4643:
4639:
4635:
4632:
4631:1-85310-294-6
4628:
4624:
4620:
4618:
4614:
4610:
4606:
4604:
4603:1-85058-804-X
4600:
4596:
4592:
4590:
4589:0-7509-4478-1
4586:
4582:
4578:
4576:
4575:1-85260-163-9
4572:
4568:
4564:
4561:
4560:1-84037-257-5
4557:
4553:
4549:
4547:
4546:1-85780-183-0
4543:
4539:
4535:
4534:
4519:
4510:
4501:
4492:
4490:
4480:
4471:
4462:
4455:
4450:
4448:
4438:
4436:
4428:
4423:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4413:
4411:
4409:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4391:
4389:
4387:
4377:
4375:
4373:
4371:
4369:
4359:
4350:
4341:
4332:
4323:
4314:
4305:
4296:
4294:
4284:
4275:
4266:
4257:
4248:
4246:
4244:
4242:
4240:
4238:
4236:
4226:
4217:
4208:
4206:
4196:
4189:
4185:
4182:
4177:
4168:
4159:
4150:
4141:
4139:
4137:
4135:
4133:
4131:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4123:
4113:
4104:
4097:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4081:
4072:
4063:
4061:
4051:
4044:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4028:
4026:
4024:
4016:
4015:, 1931 Report
4014:
4007:
3998:
3991:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3975:
3966:
3957:
3948:
3939:
3937:
3928:
3921:
3914:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3898:
3889:
3880:
3873:
3868:
3859:
3850:
3841:
3834:
3830:
3824:
3815:
3813:
3811:
3809:
3807:
3805:
3795:
3786:
3777:
3768:
3766:
3764:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3748:
3746:
3736:
3727:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3712:
3702:
3693:
3684:
3682:
3672:
3670:
3668:
3666:
3656:
3649:
3645:
3643:
3636:
3627:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3600:
3590:
3583:
3579:
3573:
3566:
3562:
3556:
3554:
3552:
3542:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3520:
3511:
3509:
3499:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3483:
3474:
3472:
3462:
3458:
3442:
3433:
3424:
3415:
3406:
3397:
3390:
3384:
3377:
3371:
3367:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3345:Related lists
3340:
3339:Mikulin AM-38
3337:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3329:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3269:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3248:
3245:
3244:Power output:
3242:
3241:
3232:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3204:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3164:Single-speed
3163:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3144:
3140:
3139:
3130:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3109:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3058:
3050:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3030:
3028:
3024:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2971:
2970:Thunderbolt's
2966:
2962:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2948:
2944:
2939:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2886:
2885:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2846:
2841:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2800:10 June 1951
2799:
2798:
2794:
2793:Blue Bird K4,
2790:
2787:
2786:
2782:
2781:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2727:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2667:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2579:John Boothman
2576:
2572:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2496:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2451:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2424:30 July 1931
2423:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2389:
2384:
2382:30 June 1937
2381:
2380:
2376:
2373:
2372:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2344:
2343:George Eyston
2340:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2316:
2314:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2257:26 June 1931
2256:
2255:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2216:
2213:Flown in S.6
2212:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2151:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2118:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2077:
2075:18 June 1929
2074:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2059:28 July 1931
2058:
2057:
2053:
2050:Running with
2049:
2047:14 July 1931
2046:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1917:
1913:
1911:7 April 1929
1910:
1908:
1907:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1752:
1748:
1745:Rear view of
1743:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1647:
1643:
1638:
1626:
1619:
1616:
1610:
1608:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1501:Lake Maggiore
1499:was taken to
1498:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1393:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1281:
1274:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1251:George Eyston
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1195:King George V
1192:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1150:
1146:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1111:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1050:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
987:
985:
984:Macchi M.C.72
981:
976:
974:
970:
966:
963:V-12-powered
962:
958:
953:
949:
945:
938:
933:
929:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
893:
880:
873:
869:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
846:
844:
840:
836:
831:
828:
824:
820:
816:
811:
809:
805:
801:
797:
796:Arthur Rubbra
794:According to
790:
785:
776:
775:
771:
767:
762:
759:
755:
751:
748:indicating a
747:
743:
742:scrutineering
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
718:Cyril Lovesey
709:
707:
704:
700:
696:
692:
687:
685:
681:
677:
673:
672:
667:
663:
659:
654:
652:
648:
643:
639:
635:
631:
616:
614:
610:
606:
602:
597:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
558:
556:
552:
548:
544:
543:
538:
534:
530:
525:
521:
512:
503:
501:
497:
492:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
453:
451:
447:
443:
439:
434:
432:
428:
424:
420:
419:exhaust valve
417:
416:sodium-filled
412:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
393:Arthur Rubbra
389:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
351:
346:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
287:Cyril Lovesey
284:
274:
271:
267:
263:
259:
254:
250:
235:
233:
229:
228:
223:
219:
214:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
181:
176:
174:
170:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
144:is a British
143:
142:Rolls-Royce R
134:
131:
126:
125:
121:
116:
115:
112:
111:
106:
102:
99:
94:
93:
90:7 April 1929
89:
86:
85:
82:
79:
76:
75:
72:
69:
67:Manufacturer
66:
65:
62:
59:
56:
53:
50:
49:
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
5525:
5466:Gordon Lewis
5456:Ernest Hives
5412:Gas turbines
5165:designations
4873:
4832:
4783:Eagle (H-24)
4773:Eagle (V-12)
4735:aero engines
4688:
4676:
4652:
4637:
4622:
4609:The Fast Set
4608:
4594:
4580:
4566:
4551:
4537:
4536:Ellis, Ken.
4530:Bibliography
4518:
4509:
4500:
4479:
4470:
4461:
4358:
4349:
4340:
4331:
4322:
4313:
4304:
4283:
4274:
4265:
4256:
4225:
4216:
4195:
4176:
4167:
4158:
4149:
4112:
4103:
4095:
4090:
4086:
4080:
4071:
4050:
4033:
4012:
4006:
3997:
3980:
3974:
3965:
3956:
3947:
3926:
3920:
3903:
3897:
3888:
3879:
3867:
3858:
3849:
3840:
3832:
3823:
3794:
3785:
3776:
3735:
3726:
3701:
3692:
3655:
3647:
3641:
3635:
3626:
3589:
3581:
3572:
3564:
3519:
3482:
3461:
3441:
3432:
3423:
3414:
3405:
3396:
3388:
3383:
3370:
3344:
3343:
3327:
3326:
3310:
3309:
3288:
3282:
3273:
3267:
3258:
3249:
3243:
3227:
3217:
3205:
3183:
3179:carburettors
3172:Fuel system:
3171:
3160:Supercharger
3158:
3155:on each bank
3141:
3125:
3119:
3113:
3107:
3100:Displacement
3098:
3089:
3080:
3070:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3037:
3031:
3027:Blue Bird K3
3026:
3022:
3020:
3015:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2994:
2989:
2979:Air Ministry
2974:
2968:
2965:RAF Cranwell
2958:
2953:
2942:
2924:
2917:
2912:Blue Bird K4
2910:
2905:Blue Bird K3
2903:
2889:
2882:
2848:
2835:Applications
2825:Blue Bird K4
2824:
2808:
2805:Blue Bird K4
2804:
2792:
2780:Blue Bird K4
2778:
2766:
2755:Blue Bird K3
2754:
2750:
2738:
2725:
2715:
2714:
2698:Blue Bird K4
2696:
2685:Saunders-Roe
2681:Blue Bird K3
2680:
2679:Fitted into
2665:
2655:
2654:
2639:
2638:
2622:
2612:
2611:
2597:
2587:
2586:
2570:
2550:
2549:
2541:
2526:
2509:
2499:
2498:
2491:RAF Cranwell
2482:
2467:
2449:
2439:
2438:
2428:
2418:
2417:
2407:
2403:6 July 1931
2397:
2396:
2388:Blue Bird K3
2386:
2365:
2361:
2351:
2350:
2310:
2300:
2282:
2281:
2273:
2261:
2247:
2237:
2236:
2214:
2204:
2203:
2179:
2174:Returned to
2163:
2149:
2139:
2138:
2130:
2112:6 July 1929
2106:
2105:
2069:
2068:
2035:29 May 1931
2027:15 May 1931
2019:14 May 1931
2004:Air Ministry
1957:15 May 1929
1951:
1950:
1905:
1904:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1828:
1824:
1819:
1813:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1756:
1746:
1724:Blue Bird K4
1722:
1716:Blue Bird K3
1714:
1706:
1698:
1685:
1677:
1651:
1650:
1624:
1614:
1612:
1603:
1590:
1587:Blue Bird K4
1586:
1583:
1564:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1527:
1523:Blue Bird K4
1521:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1504:
1497:Blue Bird K3
1496:
1488:Blue Bird K3
1486:
1482:
1479:Napier Lions
1476:
1472:Blue Bird K3
1471:
1464:
1460:
1454:
1442:
1428:
1420:
1416:
1414:
1409:
1405:
1396:
1390:
1381:Blue Bird K4
1377:Blue Bird K3
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1324:
1314:
1304:
1302:
1297:
1286:
1285:
1280:The Fast Set
1279:
1271:
1259:
1246:
1242:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1224:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1181:
1170:
1160:
1132:
1128:
1115:
1106:
1089:
1026:Aero engines
1022:
988:
977:
941:
902:Air Ministry
895:
878:
871:
847:
832:
812:
803:
799:
793:
773:
763:
754:Ernest Hives
716:Overseen by
715:
703:coarse-pitch
688:
669:
655:
642:main bearing
637:
629:
627:
598:
559:
540:
524:supercharger
517:
493:
459:
435:
413:
390:
355:
311:supercharger
283:Ernest Hives
280:
246:
226:
225:
215:
209:and his son
177:
166:supercharged
152:purposes by
141:
139:
118:Number built
110:Blue Bird K4
108:
39:
18:
5491:Henry Royce
5426:Marine Spey
5111:Turboshafts
4944:Olympus 593
4681:Flash Video
3238:Performance
3206:Oil system:
3005:Thunderbolt
2983:RAF Calshot
2891:Thunderbolt
2739:Thunderbolt
2542:Thunderbolt
2484:Thunderbolt
2357:April 1930
2288:April 1930
2098:dynamometer
2011:1 May 1931
1933:7 May 1929
1925:1 May 1929
1687:Thunderbolt
1623:Leo Villa,
1493:Loch Lomond
1451:Loch Lomond
1337:Thunderbolt
1325:Thunderbolt
1316:Thunderbolt
1298:Thunderbolt
1202:Napier Lion
1038:Napier Lion
965:Macchi M.52
950:flying the
922:Napier Lion
854:Supermarine
758:Southampton
746:spark plugs
732:station on
730:flying boat
722:RAF Calshot
680:cotton wool
562:"Rod" Banks
551:spark plugs
446:spark plugs
423:gudgeon pin
370:auxiliaries
295:Henry Royce
277:Description
266:Supermarine
249:Napier Lion
146:aero engine
61:aero engine
5532:Categories
5107:Turboprops
4010:RAF (UK).
3978:RAF (UK).
3901:RAF (UK).
3357:References
3202:per gallon
3184:Fuel type:
3143:Valvetrain
3136:Components
3127:Dry weight
3034:Solent Sky
2749:Replaced
2661:Late-1933
2629:Brooklands
2187:June 1931
1607:Lake Garda
1599:Brooklands
1435:Windermere
1264:, held at
1262:Motor Show
1191:knighthood
1153:See also:
1075:Stainforth
1047:powerboats
918:Felixstowe
695:castor oil
647:Wellworthy
500:detonation
450:combustion
378:crankshaft
173:horsepower
150:air racing
87:First run
5511:See also
5439:Designers
5005:Turbofans
4911:Turbojets
4828:Peregrine
4689:The Motor
4679:Requires
3927:The Times
3453:Citations
3362:Footnotes
3334:Fiat AS.6
3057:Data from
2489:Later to
2334:attempt.
1942:crankcase
1679:Blue Bird
1567:Leo Villa
1439:Friday 13
1287:Blue Bird
1215:Blue Bird
1127:, serial
1079:Atcherley
980:Fiat AS.6
969:Fiat C.29
961:Fiat AS.3
924:-powered
898:seaplanes
860:-powered
843:Type Test
738:Hampshire
706:propeller
666:crankcase
522:were its
481:empennage
469:radiators
327:crankcase
315:cylinders
77:Designer
5282:RB168-62
5045:RB168-62
4938:variants
4751:By name:
4683:to view.
4184:Archived
4039:Archived
3986:Archived
3909:Archived
3391:in 1933.
3299:See also
3209:Dry sump
3192:methanol
2855:Aircraft
2819:Sank at
2604:Contest
2573:for the
1646:fuselage
1621:—
1447:Kaye Don
1276:—
1040:and the
875:—
850:Spitfire
827:camshaft
726:seaplane
699:laxative
676:tinnitus
662:airspeed
613:airframe
586:methanol
576:(cc) of
535:) above
527:18
477:fuselage
442:magnetos
374:fuselage
358:camshaft
222:Spitfire
183:seaplane
162:capacity
5034:Pegasus
4995:Welland
4936: (
4934:Olympus
4924:Derwent
4838:Vulture
4823:Pennine
4813:Kestrel
4803:Griffon
4798:Goshawk
4758:Buzzard
3196:acetone
3188:benzole
3120:Height:
3108:Length:
2945:at the
2229:Buzzard
2117:Calshot
1916:benzole
1751:magneto
1571:Cockney
1220:Daytona
1071:Orlebar
1067:Waghorn
808:Griffon
800:Griffon
766:magneto
658:Kestrel
619:Testing
609:Buzzard
594:acetone
566:benzole
461:Cooling
456:Cooling
405:Goshawk
382:big end
258:Buzzard
227:Griffon
5327:RB.193
5267:RB.162
5139:Nimbus
5060:RB.193
5050:RB.175
5029:Medway
5018:Conway
4985:Thames
4965:RB.162
4960:RB.145
4955:RB.108
4950:RB.106
4874:Type R
4869:Type F
4864:Type G
4859:Type H
4818:Merlin
4793:Falcon
4763:Condor
4659:
4644:
4629:
4615:
4601:
4587:
4573:
4558:
4544:
4096:Flight
3833:Flight
3648:Flight
3582:Flight
3565:Flight
3194:, 10%
3190:, 60%
3149:sodium
3114:Width:
3091:Stroke
2977:under
2707:Goblin
2571:S1595,
2510:S1596,
2450:S1596,
2429:S1596,
2408:S1595,
2274:S1595,
2052:sodium
2040:sodium
1890:Engine
1554:, but
1379:, and
1333:Tipton
1321:clutch
1241:, and
1187:Donald
1032:: the
1017:, and
852:, the
819:stroke
750:piston
473:floats
397:stroke
362:rocker
335:R.R 50
307:degree
303:stroke
243:Origin
211:Donald
55:Piston
5372:RB508
5367:RB410
5362:RB235
5357:RB220
5352:RB211
5347:RB203
5342:RB207
5337:RB202
5332:RB199
5322:RB183
5317:RB181
5312:RB178
5307:RB177
5302:RB176
5297:RB175
5292:RB174
5287:RB172
5277:RB168
5272:RB163
5262:RB153
5257:RB146
5252:RB145
5247:RB142
5242:RB141
5237:RB140
5232:RB109
5227:RB108
5222:RB106
5149:Tweed
5144:Trent
5134:Gnome
5119:Clyde
5087:RB235
5082:RB220
5077:RB211
5072:RB202
5066:RB199
5055:RB178
5039:RB153
5013:Adour
4990:Viper
4970:RB176
4896:Larch
4768:Crecy
4677:Note:
4091:S1596
4034:S1595
3071:Type:
3038:N248,
3009:S1595
2898:Boats
2849:S1596
2741:car.
2721:1935
2701:with
2668:car.
2618:1933
2527:S1595
2468:S1596
2374:1935
2323:1935
2299:boat
2262:N248,
2248:N248,
2224:1930
2176:Derby
2150:N247,
2131:N248,
1896:Notes
1652:Note:
1345:S1595
1273:list.
1133:S1596
1129:S1595
1107:N247.
944:Cowes
684:Mayor
634:Derby
555:Lodge
51:Type
5515:and
5217:RB93
5212:RB82
5207:RB80
5202:RB53
5197:RB50
5192:RB44
5187:RB41
5182:RB39
5177:RB37
5172:RB23
5154:Tyne
5124:Dart
5092:Spey
5023:M45H
4975:Soar
4929:Nene
4919:Avon
4854:PV12
4808:Hawk
4657:ISBN
4642:ISBN
4627:ISBN
4613:ISBN
4599:ISBN
4585:ISBN
4571:ISBN
4556:ISBN
4542:ISBN
3186:30%
3082:Bore
2995:The
2959:The
2943:R25,
2877:Cars
2598:N248
2215:N248
2180:N247
2164:N247
1893:Date
1875:and
1855:and
1827:and
1804:and
1788:and
1569:, a
1463:and
1419:and
1408:and
1395:and
1339:was
1233:and
1147:and
1077:and
973:AS.5
817:and
815:bore
728:and
724:, a
651:tons
601:idle
580:per
485:heat
479:and
465:drag
436:The
366:fair
360:and
329:and
299:bore
293:and
197:and
195:land
169:V-12
140:The
58:V-12
5129:Gem
4980:Tay
4833:"R"
4788:Exe
3389:R37
3264:6:1
3075:"V"
3023:R37
3016:R37
3001:R27
2990:R27
2985:.
2975:R25
2954:R25
2823:in
2809:R37
2803:In
2791:In
2777:In
2753:in
2751:R37
2726:R37
2716:R39
2695:In
2683:by
2656:R37
2640:R35
2613:R33
2588:R31
2551:R29
2500:R27
2440:R25
2419:R23
2398:R21
2352:R19
2295:'s
2283:R17
2238:R15
2205:R11
1877:R39
1873:R37
1869:R35
1865:R33
1857:R31
1853:R29
1849:R27
1845:R25
1841:R23
1837:R21
1829:R19
1825:R17
1814:R11
1806:R15
1772:R13
1768:R17
1764:R18
1760:R17
1747:R27
1615:R37
1597:at
1552:R39
1548:R37
1540:R37
1518:R39
1505:R39
1483:R37
1465:R19
1461:R17
1421:R19
1417:R17
1410:III
1398:III
1357:R39
1353:R17
1349:R25
1341:R27
1331:in
1293:.
1249:to
1247:R17
1243:R39
1237:by
1235:R19
1231:R17
1227:R37
1210:R31
1208:or
1206:R25
804:R11
736:in
533:bar
270:S.6
264:of
122:19
40:R27
5534::
4488:^
4446:^
4434:^
4399:^
4385:^
4367:^
4292:^
4234:^
4204:^
4121:^
4094:"
4059:^
4022:^
3935:^
3831:"
3803:^
3762:^
3744:^
3710:^
3680:^
3664:^
3646:"
3598:^
3580:"
3563:"
3550:^
3528:^
3507:^
3491:^
3470:^
2847:,
2767:K3
2631:.
2517:.
2493:.
2474:.
2458:.
2452:.
2309:.
2276:.
2264:.
2166:.
2140:R9
2107:R7
2070:R5
1952:R3
1906:R1
1871:,
1867:,
1851:,
1847:,
1843:,
1839:,
1802:R9
1800:,
1798:R7
1790:R5
1786:R3
1784:,
1782:R1
1591:K3
1556:K4
1544:K4
1536:K4
1528:K4
1507:.
1467:.
1375:,
1371:,
1359:.
1222:.
1105:,
1073:,
1036:,
1013:,
916:,
638:R7
630:R1
491:.
388:.
337:"
325:,
301:,
289:,
205:,
164:,
5414::
5109:/
4940:)
4724:e
4717:t
4710:v
4648:.
4633:.
4562:.
3378:.
3292::
3277::
3262::
3253::
3231::
3162::
3145::
3129::
3102::
3093::
3084::
1081:.
645:"
542:x
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.