Rotary International

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requirements are to have completed the exchange with District 4851, and to be currently living in one of the District 4851’s provinces. Rotex participants’ responsibilities imply ensuring that Outbound, Inbound, and Rebound students from the RYE program are well-supported, share practices and are informed about the values that have to be followed. Rotex members also organize trips and events for exchange students to bound and conferences to better cope with administrative matters and to develop skills to deal with potential challenges that could arise when taking care of underage exchange students.

212: 1469:

by Rotary. In 2014, the 2 Convention took place in Brussels, where these Rebounds got together with the aim of improving this association, but still they were not recognized by Rotary as a part of the organization. It was in the 3 Rotex Convention that this alumni association was formally acknowledged by Rotary and the very first board of Rotex was elected. When it comes to the District 4851 of Rotex in Argentina, it was officially founded on June 15th, 2023.The certificate issued to the association by Rotary International is herein cited.

49: 492: 1460:

exchange by helping RYE with administrative issues and providing emotional support to both Argentinian and foreign exchange students. The members of Rotex share the same values as Rotary International. According to Rotex’s bylaw, their aim is to promote peace and connection around the world. Rotex members and exchange students act as peace ambassadors, based on the idea that when two countries know each other (by their citizens sharing experiences together), they are very unlikely to be in conflict.

1511:: It is the executive organ of District 4851 which is composed of the President, the Vice president, the Secretary, the Prosecretary, and the Treasurer. The members of the Board are chosen annually according to the Rotary calendar. The Board of Directors attends all RYE events of District 4851, manages Rotex 4851 income, and elaborates a presentation at the beginning and end of the annual period, in which they hand in a balance sheet with the Board’s expectations and detailed information. 931: 37: 809:

practical. Most clubs meet weekly, usually at a mealtime on a weekday in a regular location, when Rotarians can discuss club business and hear from guest speakers. Each club also conducts various service projects within its local community, and participates in special projects involving other clubs in the local district, and occasionally a special project in a "sister club" in another nation. Most clubs also hold social events at least quarterly and in some cases more often.

319:, Canada, marking the beginning of Rotary as an international organization. On 22 February 1911, the first meeting of the Rotary Club Dublin was held in Dublin, Ireland. This was the first club established outside of North America. In April 1912, the Winnipeg club was chartered, marking the first official establishment of an American-style service club outside the United States. To reflect the addition of a club outside of the United States, the name was changed to the 813:

called Club Council), consisting of the club president (who serves as the Board chairman), a president-elect, club secretary, club treasurer, and several Club Board directors, including the immediate past president and the President Elect. The president usually appoints the directors to serve as chairs of the major club committees, including those responsible for club service, vocational service, community service, youth service, and international service.

1285:, is a leadership program for young people aged 14 to 30. The Rotary Youth Leadership Awards program offers Rotarians an opportunity to personally participate in developing qualities of leadership, good citizenship, and personal and professional development in the young people of their communities. RYLA program content and format can be customized to target limited age groups in order to address varying needs and interests within the community. 797: 723: 1094: 240: 1022:

of The Rotary Club of Highlands (2005–06). She was also Zimbabwe's Country Coordinator (2009–10). Stella, who is a Master PRLS 5 Graduate has been recognised and awarded various District awards including Most Able President for year 2005–06 and Assistant Governor of the year 2006–07 and a Paul Harris Fellow. The first female to be President of Rotary International will be

939:

exempt from the payment of admission fees and dues. They have no voting privileges and are not eligible to hold any office in their club. Honorary membership is time-limited and terminates automatically at the end of the term, usually one year. It may be extended for an additional period or may also be revoked at any time. Examples of honorary members are

1055:, Japan in October 1920, Rotary formally considered the issue of racial restriction in membership and determined that the organization could not allow racial restrictions to the organization's growth. In Rotary's legislative deliberations in June 1921, it was formally determined that racial restrictions would not be permitted. 1188:

Vaccine Alliance, however, in spite of the limited risk of polio vaccination, it would neither be prudent nor practicable to cease the vaccination program until there is strong evidence that "all wild poliovirus transmission stopped". In a 2006 speech at the Rotary International Convention, held at the Bella Center in

1394:(US) Since then, the Rotary Foundation's Board of Trustees has dropped its association with the Center in France at the Paris Institute of Political Studies, the Center in Argentina at the Universidad del Salvador, and the Center in the US at the University of California. In 2006, a new Rotary Peace Center at 873:

based on requirements including geographical balance among Rotary zones and previous service as a district governor and board member. The international board meets quarterly to establish policies and make recommendations to the overall governing bodies, the RI Convention and the RI Council on Legislation.

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made numerous speeches. Dale Carnegie's biographer Carlos Roberto Bacila describes that in 1955 when women were not permitted to attend Rotary meetings, the Brooklyn Rotary Club made an exception and finally allowed Marilyn Burke, Carnegie's secretary, to accompany him in a lecture inside the Rotary.

921:

Active membership is by invitation from a current Rotarian, to professionals or businesspersons working in diverse areas of endeavour. Each club may limit up to ten percent of its membership representing each business or profession in the area it serves. The goal of the clubs is to promote service to

841:

In 2019, Rotaract went from being a program of Rotary International to being a membership type of Rotary International, elevating its status to resemble that of Rotary clubs. As of 1 July 2020, Rotaract clubs can exist on their own, or may be sponsored by Rotary and/or Rotaract clubs. This makes them

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We know that it's a formidable challenge to eradicate a disease that has killed and crippled children since at least the time of the ancient Egyptians. We don't know exactly when the last child will be affected. But we do have the vaccines to wipe it out. Countries do have the will to deploy all the

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Women currently account for 22% of international Rotary membership. In 2013, Anne L. Matthews, a Rotarian from South Carolina, began her term as the first female vice-president of Rotary International. Also in 2013, Nan McCreadie was appointed as the first female president of Rotary International in

973:, admitted three women as members. After the club refused to remove the women from membership, Rotary International revoked the club's charter in 1978. The Duarte club filed suit in the California courts, claiming that Rotary Clubs are business establishments subject to regulation under California's 872:

Rotary International is governed by a board of directors composed of the international president, the president-elect, the general secretary, and 17 zone directors. The nomination and the election of each president is handled in the one- to three-year period before the president takes office, and is

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was published mere floors below by Atwell Printing and Binding Company. By 1925, Rotary had grown to 200 clubs with more than 20,000 members. During the 1930s there was an expanding conflict in Asia between Japan and China and the fear of a confrontation between Japan and the United States. In hopes

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The Argentinian district is made up of the ex-Districts 4815 and 4849 which were fused into the new “District 4851”, which consists of more than 100 clubs and encompasses the provinces of Córdoba, Catamarca, La Rioja, Salta, Jujuy, Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, San Luis, Mendoza and San Juan.

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The first steps towards the formal foundation of Rotex International started in 2012 in Bordeaux, France, when Rebounds from all around the world met and began to think about how to form an alumni association; this is considered the 1 Rotex Convention even though it was not yet acknowledged as such

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As one of the most significant and fastest-growing programs of Rotary service, with more than 15,000 clubs in more than 145 countries and geographical areas, Interact has become a worldwide phenomenon. Almost 340,000 young people are involved in Interact. Interact stands for “International Action”.

1021:

was appointed District Governor for District 9210 (Zimbabwe/Zambia/Malawi/Northern-Mozambique) for the Rotary year 2013–14 making her the first female District Governor in the region. She had previously held the offices of Assistant Governor (2006–08), District Administrator (2008–09) and President

908:

According to its constitutions ("Charters"), Rotary defines itself as a non-partisan, non-sectarian organization. Membership is open to "adult persons who demonstrate good character, integrity, and leadership; possess good reputation within their business, profession, occupation, and/or community."

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A District Governor (DG), who is an officer of Rotary International and represents the RI board of directors in the field, leads their respective Rotary district. Each DG is nominated by the clubs of their district, and elected by all the clubs meeting in the annual RI District Conference held each

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as secret societies associated with Jews, and Nazi officials were banned from joining them. This was reversed in July 1933 after appeals but the club was forced to ban all Jews from membership. This led to several non-Jews quitting in solidarity. In order to survive, the members tried to show their

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The Assemblies consist of the Board of Directors and the Committees. In these Assemblies, Ordinary and Extraordinary meetings are held at least once per month. Some topics which are dealt with in these meetings include the coordination and election of Committees as well as the planification of the

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or a master's degree in a range of disciplines related to peace and security. Each Rotary Peace Center offers a unique curriculum and field-based learning opportunities that examine peace and conflict theory through a variety of different frameworks. The first class graduated in 2004. As with many

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announced a second challenge grant of $ 255 million. Rotary again committed to raising another $ 100 million. In total, Rotary will raise $ 200 million by 30 June 2012. Together, the Gates Foundation and Rotary have committed $ 555 million toward the eradication of polio. At the time of the second

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and Pianura Bergamasca (Italy), was the man who inspired and promoted the RI PolioPlus vaccination campaign. Mulitsch made it possible shipping the first 500,000 doses of antipolio vaccine to the Philippines at the beginning of 1980. This project later gave rise to the NGO "Nuovi Spazi al Servire"

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or former heads of state, scientists, members of the military, and other famous figures. However, as each club may establish different rules for honorary members, there will be some variation in terms of selection and privileges of honorary members. A recent Rotary 3191 District in India appointed

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Stephanie A. Urchick is president of Rotary International. She holds a doctorate in leadership studies from Indiana University of Pennsylvania. She is active on numerous community boards and committees and has been honored by organizations including Zonta International and the Sons of the American

830:

Rotaract: It is an organization of young adults (university age and young professionals) who take action through community and international service, learn leadership skills, and participate in professional development. Rotaract clubs are either community or university based. "Rotaract" stands for

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Each club elects its own president and officers among its active members for a one-year term. The clubs enjoy considerable autonomy within the framework of the standard constitution and the constitution and bylaws of Rotary International. The governing body of the club is the Club Board (sometimes

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Rotex’s authorities of District 4851 are hierarchically organized into three constitutive parts: Board of Directors, Committees and Assemblies. All charges last one year, from July to June. Apart from Rotex’s authorities, there are also commissions made up of the members who contact new exchange

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Recently, a new program was established known as the Rotary peace and Conflict Resolution program which provides funds for two years of graduate study in one of eight universities around the world. Rotary is naming about 75 of these scholars each year. The applications for these scholarships are

854:

As part of a DG's duties, they must visit every club in their District at least once during their year as DG in order to spread the RI President's message and theme for that year. The AGs are assigned specific clubs to be under their purview, and they must accompany the DG on their official club

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There has been some limited criticism concerning the program for polio eradication. There are some reservations regarding the adaptation capabilities of the virus in some of the oral vaccines, which have been reported to cause infection in populations with low vaccination coverage. As stated by

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in China, each in July 1919. Rotary's office in Illinois immediately began encouraging the Rotary Club of Shanghai to recruit Chinese members "believing that when a considerable number of the native business and professional men have been so honoured, the Shanghai Club will begin to realize its

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Clubs may award honorary membership in recognition of a person's distinguished efforts in furtherance of Rotary ideals or otherwise in support of Rotary's cause. As the highest distinction a Rotary club can confer on an individual, it is exercised only in exceptional cases. Honorary members are

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and its participants. It is a society composed of former RYE students that functions as a middleman between Rotary Clubs and current exchange students and these clubs follow Rotary’s districtual organization. The fact that Rotex is currently established in Argentina facilitates the process of

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in the world. The mission of Rotary, as stated on its website, is to "provide service to others, promote integrity, and advance world understanding, goodwill, and peace through fellowship of business, professional, and community leaders". It is a non-political and non-religious organization.

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In order to join Rotex in the District 4851, it is necessary to have participated in the RYE program uninterruptedly and successfully, i.e. without any warning for not following Rotary’s rules during the exchange and at least six months must have passed after the exchange has finished. Other

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Inner Wheel is an international organization founded in 1924 to unite wives and daughters of Rotarians. Inner Wheel Clubs exist in over 103 countries. Like Rotary, Inner Wheel is divided into local clubs and districts. Female spouses of Rotary members are traditionally called "Partners" or

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year. The DG appoints Assistant Governors (AGs) from among the Rotarians of the district to assist in the management of Rotary activity and multi-club projects in the district. AGs act as liaisons between the DG and the clubs, to make communication flow more smoothly throughout the District.

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The Rotary Club is the basic unit of Rotary activity, and each club determines its own membership. Clubs originally were limited to a single club per city, municipality, or town, but Rotary International has encouraged the formation of one or more additional clubs in the largest cities when

1333:

Georgia Rotary Student Program (GRSP) is a program that offers scholarships to international college students to study in the state of Georgia. It is a one-year ambassadorial scholarship that aims to promote peace, one of the causes of Rotary International, through friendship and cultural

553:. The number of Rotarians has slightly declined in recent years: Between 2002 and 2006, they went from 1,245,000 to 1,223,000 members. North America accounts for 450,000 members, Asia for 300,000, Europe for 250,000, Latin America for 100,000, Oceania for 100,000 and Africa for 30,000. 1349:

for up to six months and may be organized for individuals or groups. The minimum age of the participants shall be the age of majority in the host country, but not be younger than age 18. New Generations Service Exchanges must have a strong humanitarian or vocational service component.

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with a designated student, and reads one-on-one with them. Some Rotary clubs participate in book donations, both locally and internationally. As well as participating in book donations and literacy events, there are educational titles written about Rotary Clubs and members, such as

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such university programs in "peace and conflict studies", questions have been raised concerning political bias and controversial grants. The average grant was about $ 75,000 per fellow for the two-year program and $ 12,000 per fellow for the three-month certificate program.

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One can contact a Rotary club to inquire about membership and it was a traditional method that a person can join a Rotary club only if invited; there is the ability to join without an invitation but it is recommended to attend a meeting to ensure a suitable fit to the club.

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club in Ireland was organized before the London club, but the Dublin club did not receive its charter until after the London club was chartered. During World War I, Rotary in Britain increased from 9 to 22 clubs, and other early clubs in other nations included those in

965:

In 1963, it was noted that the Rotary practice of involving wives in club activities had helped to break down female seclusion in some countries. Clubs such as Rotary were predated by women's service organisations, which started in the United States as early as 1790.

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Rotary Fellowships, paid by the foundation launched in honor of Paul Harris in 1947, specialize in providing graduate fellowships around the world, usually in countries other than their own in order to provide international exposure and experience to the recipient.

1231:

Each year, Interact clubs complete at least two community service projects, one of which furthers international understanding and goodwill. Through these efforts, Interactors develop a network of friendships with local and overseas clubs and learn the importance of

1539:

Commissions are made up of Rotex official members. The work zones are specialized and focused according to the needs that the commissions think necessary. Members work according to the roles of Managers and Coordinators in relation to the following commissions:

1609:). From April 1923 to August 1928, the official magazine was managed and printed from the same building – the Atwell Building – as Rotary's office and headquarters; the building was designed for Atwell Printing and Binding Company by famed Chicago architect, 863:

Approximately 15 Rotary districts form a zone. A zone director, who serves as a member of the RI board of directors, heads two zones. The zone director is nominated by the clubs in the zone and elected by the convention for the term of two consecutive years.

1223:

Interact is Rotary International's service club for young people ages 12 to 18. Interact clubs are sponsored by Rotary clubs (and may be co-sponsored by Rotaract clubs), which provide support and guidance, but they are self-governing and self-supporting.

783:

In order to carry out its service programs, Rotary is structured in club, district and international levels. Rotarians are members of their clubs. The clubs are chartered by the global organization Rotary International (RI) headquartered in Evanston,

1422:. Such importance has been placed on literacy that Rotary International has created a "Rotary Literacy Month" that takes place during the month of March. Rotary clubs also aim to conduct many literacy events during the week of September 8, which is 1715: 1112:

Rotary concentrates on seven areas: promoting peace, improving health through disease prevention and treatment, improving the health of mothers and children, water and sanitation, education, economic development, and supporting the environment.

454:

Rotary International has worked with the UN since the UN started in 1945. At that time Rotary was involved in 65 countries. The two organizations shared ideals around promoting peace. Rotary received consultative status at the UN in 1946–47.

989:. Rotary International then removed the gender requirements from its requirements for club charters, and most clubs in most countries have opted to include women as members of Rotary Clubs. The first female club president to be elected was 230:

Rotary International is the organization of service clubs with the largest membership in the world, with 1.9 million volunteers, including all the members of clubs that make up the Rotary family, namely Rotary, Interact and Rotaract clubs.

842:

true "partners in service" and key members of the family of Rotary. A Rotaract club may, but is not required to, establish upper age limits, provided that the club (in accordance with its bylaws) obtain the concurrence of its members.

1495:

Rotex 4851’s income mainly comes from donations from both public and private institutions, cultural, social and sports activities open to the community, contributions from Rotary International and other Rotary clubs, among others.

358:

In 1922, the name was changed to Rotary International. From 1923 to 1928, Rotary's office and headquarters were located on E 20th Street (now E Cullerton Street) in the Atwell Building. During this same time, the monthly magazine

1530:

schedule of activities. Furthermore, the Assembly has the power to elect and remove authorities, approve the balance sheet of the outgoing mandate and modify or remove provisions in the Internal Regulations of Rotex 4851.

1029:

The change of the second Rotarian motto in 2004, from "He profits most who serves best" to "They profit most who serve best", 99 years after its foundation, illustrates the move to general acceptance of women members in Rotary.

1227:

Club membership varies greatly. Clubs can be single gender or mixed, large or small. They can draw from the student body of a single school or from two or more schools in the same community, and welcome home-schooled students.

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because initially they rotated subsequent weekly club meetings to each other's offices, although within a year, the Chicago club became so large it became necessary to adopt the now-common practice of a regular meeting place.

2468:"Vatican Instructs Catholic Clergy To Quit Rotary, Cautions Laymen; VATICAN DECREES ROTARY CLUB CURB Text of Decree Up to Individual to Decide Rotary Head Defends Clubs Memphis Priest Defends Clubs Bishop Sees Removal of Ban" 968:

The first Irish clubs discussed admitting women as members in 1912, but the proposal foundered over issues of social class. Gender equity in Rotary moved beyond the theoretical question when in 1976, the Rotary Club of

520:, forbade Catholics clergy to accept membership of Rotary clubs. On January 27, 1951, a second decree of the Holy Office specified that warning against membership by laymen applied in some countries but not in the U.S. 1259: 548:

As of 2006, Rotary had more than 1.4 million members in over 36,000 clubs among 200 countries and geographical areas, making it the most widespread by branches and second largest service club by membership, behind

2834: 1293:

The Rotary Community Corps (RCC) is a volunteer organization which facilitates non-Rotarians who want to help meet community needs. As of 2021, there were close to 12,000 RCC members in over 100 countries.

372:, for 30 years. Tokugawa promoted democratic principles and international goodwill. It was only after his death in 1940 that Japanese militants were able to push Japan into joining the Axis Powers in WWII. 1732: 499:

Rotary clubs in Eastern Europe and communist nations were disbanded by 1945–46, but new Rotary clubs were organized in many other countries, and by the time of the national independence movements in

368:, was chosen as the Honorary Keynote Speaker at Rotary's 25th Anniversary Convention held in 1930 in Chicago. Prince Tokugawa held the position of president of Japan's upper house of congress, the 227:

Membership is by application or invitation and based on various social factors. There are over 46,000 member clubs worldwide, with a membership of 1.4 million individuals, known as Rotary members.

2499: 2481: 2467: 3141: 1426:. Some Rotary clubs raise funds for schools and other literacy organizations. Many clubs take part in a reading program called "Rotary Readers", in which a Rotary member spends time in a 1398:(Thailand) began offering a three-month professional development program in peace and conflict studies for mid-level and upper-level professionals. In 2011, the Rotary Peace Center at 985:-International District club unanimously voted to admit women in 1986. The United States Supreme Court, on 4 May 1987, confirmed the Californian decision supporting women, in the case 545:

In 1985, Rotary launched its PolioPlus program to immunize all of the world's children against polio. As of 2011, Rotary had contributed more than 900 million US dollars to the cause.

1017:

was Dr. Naana Agyeman-Mensah in 2001 (Rotary Club of Accra-Airport). Up until 2013, there has been 46 women presidents in the 30 Rotary clubs in Ghana. In 2013, Stella Dongo from

3686:

Maj-Britt Höglund (2015). "The Absent Female Rotarian in Finland: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Rotary Norden". In Tiina Mäntymäki; Marinella Rodi-Risberg; Anna Foka (eds.).

1592:

Rotex Association: An organization of Rotex, usually covering the same area as its respective RYE program. This is most often organized at the district or multidistrict level.

956:

From 1905 until the 1980s, women were not allowed membership in Rotary clubs, although Rotarian spouses, including Paul Harris's wife Jean, were often members of the similar "

2500:"VATICAN PUTS LIMIT ON ITS ROTARY BAN; Warning Against Membership by Laymen Applies in Some Countries but Not in U.S. Substance of Interpretation Changed into a Prohibition" 2878: 1013:

Great Britain and Ireland (RIBI). The first woman to join Rotary in Ghana, West Africa was Hilda Danquah (Rotary Club of Cape Coast) in 1992. The first woman president in

2482:"VATICAN BROADENS BAR AGAINST CLUBS; Official Implies That Decree on Rotary Also Affects Groups Like Lions and Kiwanis Held Valid Everywhere Club Leaders Voice Surprise" 1204:, and India all proceed with their current momentum. As of October 2012, Nigeria, Afghanistan, and Pakistan still had wild polio, but it had been eliminated in India. 2534: 1362:

partnered with eight universities around the world to create the Rotary Centers for International Studies in peace and conflict resolution. The universities included

3859: 922:

the community they work in, as well as to the wider world. Many projects are organised for the local community by a single club, but some are organised globally.

1142:, Italy). Since beginning the project in 1985, Rotarians have contributed over US$ 850 million and hundreds of thousands of volunteer-hours, contributing to the 3431: 2520: 1280: 2628: 2991: 981:. The RI attorney argued that "... threatens to force us to take in everyone, like a motel". The Duarte Club was not alone in opposing RI leadership; the 896:

Rotary International has a general secretary, who also acts as chief executive officer and leads the Rotary Foundation. The current holder of the post is

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loyalty to the Nazi leadership, inviting government officials and high-standing businesspeople. These included Hermann Schlosser, a business manager for

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All commissions are made up of Rotex volunteers or Rotex members who are recommended by the Board of Directors and/or the International Committee.

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and "Rhoda's Rescue" by Maine author Barbara Walsh in conjunction with Rotary Club of Waterville, Maine's Rhoda Reads early literacy program.

1342:

found on line but each application must be endorsed by a local Rotary Club. Children and other close relatives of Rotarians are not eligible.

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Franco Pellaschiar, "Corrispondenza, atti, attestati e stralci di documenti sull'impegno di Sergio Mulitsch per l'Operazione PolioPlus". In

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for use at death camps such as Auschwitz-Birkenau. After 1945, the Rotary club tried to control the damage by preventing members such as

2024: 1616:

Other periodicals are independently produced in more than 20 different major languages and distributed in 130 countries. One of them is

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Rotaract began as a program of Rotary International, and its first club was founded in 1968 by Charlotte North Rotary Club, located in

977:, which bans discrimination based on race, gender, religion or ethnic origin. Rotary International then appealed the decision to the 788:. For administrative purposes, the more than 46,000 clubs worldwide are grouped into 529 districts, and the districts into 34 zones. 3864: 3230: 2445: 2544: 3115: 3869: 3252: 2410:

Wiesen, S. J. (2009). "Service Above Self? Rotary Clubs, National Socialism, and Transnational Memory in the 1960s and 1970s".

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On 22 February 1911 the Rotary Club of Dublin was formed by formal resolution, with Morrow himself as the organizing secretary.

598: 315:. The National Association of Rotary Clubs in America was formed in 1910. On November 3, 1910, a Rotary club began meeting in 3712: 3466: 3456: 2251: 2075: 1978: 744: 2381: 1933: 1371: 1183:

tools at their disposal. If we all have the fortitude to see this effort through to the end, then we will eradicate polio.

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http://www.fundraising.co.uk/news/2013/06/25/nan-mccreadie-become-rotary039s-first-female-president#sthash.KfC2sc6p.dpuf

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Spirito rotariano e impegno associativo nel Lazio meridionale: i Rotary Club di Frosinone, Cassino e Fiuggi, 1959–2005

118:

Global (except Cuba, Greenland, Guinea, Iran, North Korea, Vietnam, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and some Arab countries)

3438: 2887: 2577: 1820: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1170: 770: 1674: 752: 3358: 1192:, Bruce Cohick stated that polio in all its known wild forms would be eliminated by late 2008, provided efforts in 1126: 538:

nations, Rotarians were welcomed as club organizers, and clubs were formed in those countries, beginning with the

3552: 2714: 483: 291:), and Hiram E. Shorey (a tailor) were the other two who attended this first meeting. The members chose the name 1622:

which is distributed in four language editions in five countries: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden.

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was included in the terms of the standard constitution in 1922 and required to be adopted by all member Clubs.

748: 3811:

Lewis, Su Lin, "Rotary International's 'Acid Test': Multi-ethnic Associational Life in 1930s Southeast Asia,"

1845:

Rotarian Spirit and Commitment in Southern Lazio: the Rotary Clubs of Frosinone, Cassino and Fiuggi, 1959–2005

1405:

Up to 100 Rotary Peace Fellows are selected annually to earn either a professional development certificate in

3844: 3386: 3303: 2909: 2654: 2050: 1700: 2961: 1102: 3200: 3849: 1577:

Outbound: A RYE student before and during exchange, from the perspective of their sponsoring district(s).

1004: 346: 1583:

Rebound: A RYE student after they have completed their exchange year and returned to their home country.

2990:

Lake, Howard. "Nan McCreadie to become Rotary's first female president." UK Fundraising. 25 June 2013.

1423: 1406: 1402:(Sweden) was established and began offering a two-year master's program in peace and conflict studies. 1319: 1070:

Rotary Clubs sponsor a number of affiliated clubs that promote the goals of Rotary in their community.

2771: 2600: 3101:, "L'eredità di Sergio Mulitsh: "Nuovi spazi al servire", l'Istituto Ong fra rotariani italiani". In 1632: 1147: 835: 550: 300: 3657: 2308: 3665: 2715:"John Hewko: General Secretary/CEO – Rotary International and The Rotary Foundation" 1808: 1395: 1379: 1367: 1307: 733: 276: 3613: 1580:

Inbound: A RYE student before and during exchange, from the perspective of their host district(s).

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Rotary and other service clubs in the last decade of the 20th century became open to gay members.

3808:(Harvard University Press, 2021); emphasis on the international aspects of Rotary International. 3407: 2153: 2008: 1047:

period of greatest success." As part of considering the application of a Club to be chartered in

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The next four Rotary Clubs were organized in cities in the western United States, beginning with

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Wikle, Thomas A. (Summer 1999). "International Expansion of the American-Style Service Club".

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received its charter from the Association, marking the first acknowledged Rotary club outside

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ended in 2013. Effective July 2009, the Rotary Foundation previously ended funding for the

1122: 881:

Rotary’s president presides over the Board of Directors and is elected to a one-year term.

3432:"2009–10 Literacy Resource Group: Guide to Literacy Service Projects and Awards for Clubs" 2744: 211: 8: 3008: 1610: 1311: 961: 304: 2283:"Introduction to The Art of Peace: the illustrated biography of Prince Iyesato Tokugawa" 948:

as Honorary Member for outstanding public health service to India and around the world.

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Deviant Women: Cultural, Linguistic and Literary Approaches to Narratives of Femininity

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of more than two billion of the world's children. Inspired by Rotary's commitment, the

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Rotarians may attend any Rotary club around the world at one of their weekly meetings.

316: 104: 54: 2362:«Al di sopra delle nazioni e dei partiti». Rotary italiano e regime fascista 1923–1938 2189: 831:"Rotary in Action", and its motto is "Self Development – Fellowship through Service". 3791: 3708: 3462: 3380: 3297: 3069: 2696: 2648: 2573: 2431: 2331: 2247: 2172: 2103: 2071: 2044: 1974: 1897: 1816: 1723: 1694: 1649: 1023: 668: 637: 381: 3569: 2364:, in "Le Carte e la Storia, Rivista di storia delle istituzioni" 2/2021, pp. 63–78, 1915: 534:

After the relaxation of government control of community groups in Russia and former

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by 2000. Now a partner in the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) with WHO,

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The most notable current global project, PolioPlus, is contributing to the global

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A sign showing where the local Rotary Club meets, San Marcos, Texas, United States

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to discuss the Global Polio Eradication Initiative. The meeting went viral via a

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Brand adopted since 2013, with the Rotary wheel together with the word "Rotary".

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Women Rotarians at the Rotary Club of Sonoma Valley's annual fundraiser in 2015

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The First Rotarian: The Life and Times of Paul Percy Harris, Founder of Rotary

1867: 1754: 3838: 3188: 3068:. Published by Rotary International. Evanston, IL: 2009. First edition 2003. 2335: 2214: 2107: 1901: 1727: 1618: 1056: 940: 604: 369: 364:

of helping resolve these issues, a leading Japanese international statesman,

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on February 23, 1905. In addition to Harris and Loehr (a mining engineer and

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http://rotarytimes1280.typepad.com/rotary_times/2007/03/rotary_literacy.html

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Rotex: RYE alumni who actively support the RYE program and its participants.

36: 3589: 3278:"Rotary Centers for International Studies in peace and conflict resolution" 2539: 1440: 1318:

was created to aid these programs. The Rotary Foundation's oldest program,

1129:(1923–1987), Governor of RI District 204 (1984–1985), founder of the RC of 930: 528: 223: 94: 380:

Rotary Clubs in Spain ceased to operate shortly after the outbreak of the

3318:"Makerere hosts Africa's Rotary Peace Centre, to offer full scholarships" 3021: 2423: 2243: 1970: 1778: 1197: 1143: 1079: 997:

in 1987. By 2007, there was a female trustee of Rotary's charitable wing

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U.S. stamp commemorating Rotary International's 50th anniversary in 1955

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English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish

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Rotary International publishes an official monthly magazine now named

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called together a meeting of three business acquaintances in downtown

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Proceedings: Twenty-Eighth Annual Convention of Rotary International

722: 2910:"Board of Directors, Rotary International v. Rotary Club of Duarte" 2369: 1636: 1419: 1201: 1098: 1043: 1018: 825: 785: 523:

Relationships with the Roman Catholic Church were changed again by

468: 244: 3170: 2521:"Address of John Paul II to the members of "Rotary International"" 1962: 1803:

Irresistible Empire: America's Advance Through 20th-Century Europe

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RYE Alumni: All former Rotary Youth Exchange program participants.

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Understanding the value of individual responsibility and hard work

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In 2008, Rotary received a $ 100 million challenge grant from the

1139: 1088: 3553:"Estatuto para Asociación de Ex Becarios ROTEX del Distrito 4851" 2860:

Bird, John. "The Wonderful, Wide, Backslapping World Of Rotary."

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while female district governors and club presidents were common.

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Board of Directors, Rotary International v. Rotary Club of Duarte

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In 2014, polio survivor and Rotarian Ramesh Ferris met with the

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of the Windsor Roseland Rotary Club in Windsor, Ontario Canada.

510:

On January 11, 1951, a decree of the Sacred Congregation of the

3227:

Rotary District 7780: Southern Maine and Seacoast New Hampshire

3148:. Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization. Archived from 2096:"The Club that made Rotary international: The Jump to Winnipeg" 1452: 1212: 1155: 1039: 556: 539: 500: 436: 428: 335: 327: 252: 1173:. Rotary committed to raising $ 100 million. In January 2009, 239: 3787:

Service Clubs in American Society: Rotary, Kiwanis, and Lions

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Service Clubs in American Society: Rotary, Kiwanis, and Lions

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The Art of Peace: an illustrated biography on Prince Tokugawa

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Rotary International and the Selling of American Capitalism

504: 351: 340: 2382:"Rotary – University of Oregon-UNESCO Crossings Institute" 1033: 3827: 3729:"Cidadãos Estrangeiros Agraciados com Ordens Portuguesas" 3004:"Rotary Club of Manila's 100 years celebration organized" 1520:

The Committees are composed of elected Rotary members.

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A Century of Service: The Story of Rotary International

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During the Third Reich, Rotary Clubs were grouped with

3570:"Rotex International Convention – Rotex International" 3187:

Kotecha, Nisha. "Best Selfie Ever." Good News Shared.

2305:"The Onset of War Closed Clubs in the 1930s and 1940s" 2184: 2182: 1166:

as the key private partner in the eradication effort.

475:

and Wolfgang A. Wick from being appointed presidents.

3340:"Rotary Literacy Month: One of the 3 Rs under test." 3253:"Georgia Rotary Student Program at Thomas University" 2879:"High Court Rules that Rotary Clubs Must Admit Women" 1716:"In changing times, Rotary Clubs wrestle over prayer" 1505:

students and help them with their exchange process.

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Rotary International Online Member Data 12 June 2017

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association created to support the exchange program

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A plaque showing where the local Rotary Club meets,

343:

in 1916, the Philippines in 1919 and India in 1920.

2872: 2870: 2235: 2209: 2207: 2179: 1418:Rotary clubs worldwide place a focus on increasing 1236:

Developing leadership skills and personal integrity

2886: 2307:. Rotary Global History Fellowship. Archived from 2171:. Rotary Global History Fellowship. Archived from 2017: 1916:"Our History | Rotary Club of Seattle – Seattle 4" 1866:. Rotary Global History Fellowship. Archived from 1800: 1731: 1481: 1324:Cultural and Multi-Year Ambassadorial Scholarships 1245:Advancing international understanding and goodwill 712: 3733:Página Oficial das Ordens Honoríficas Portuguesas 3685: 3201:Rotary Community Corps: 2021 Annual Survey Result 3122:. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. 2009-01-21 2876: 2315: 2087: 1956: 876: 3860:Service organizations based in the United States 3836: 3662:Ryerson and Burnham Art and Architecture Archive 3458:Rotary International: Almost a Century 1910-2007 3455:International, District 5950 Rotary (May 2009). 2952:Hanf, Susan; Polydoros, Donna (1 October 2009). 2867: 2765: 2204: 2063: 1966:Rotary International: Almost a Century 1910–2007 1881: 1239:Demonstrating helpfulness and respect for others 650: 3171:"Global Polio Eradication Initiative > Home" 2494: 1302:Some of Rotary's most visible programs include 1150:(WHO) passed a resolution in 1988 to eradicate 1089:Programs and activities of Rotary International 387:Clubs were disbanded across Europe as follows: 263:The first Rotary Club was formed when attorney 2031:. Archived from the original on 16 August 2001 1934:"Our History | LA5 Rotary Club of Los Angeles" 1345:Adults up to the age of 30 may participate in 3454: 2951: 2623: 2621: 1667: 1472: 1297: 375: 19:"Rotarian" redirects here. For the ship, see 1771: 557:Rotary International Presidents 2001–present 507:, the new nations already had Rotary clubs. 16:International nonprofit service organization 3650: 3481:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 2822:attached file: co19_report_of_action_en.pdf 2666: 2664: 1993:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 1963:District 5950 Rotary International (2009). 1681:. Archived from the original on 9 June 2000 1451:Rotex stands for Rotary Exchange. It is an 1384:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 1051:(then Calcutta), India in January 1920 and 751:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 215:Map of the presence of Rotary International 3875:Non-profit organizations based in Illinois 3367:. Archived from the original on 2011-10-06 3359:"International Literacy Day – 8 September" 3284:. Archived from the original on 2006-02-12 3189:http://goodnewsshared.com/best-selfie-ever 3047: 2635:. Archived from the original on 2015-06-15 2618: 2271:. Horizon Productions. pp. Chapter 8. 2229: 1315: 1160:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 47: 35: 3721: 2190:"Rotary History: A Home for Headquarters" 2057: 1809:Belknap Press of Harvard University Press 1795: 1288: 771:Learn how and when to remove this message 321:International Association of Rotary Clubs 151:Stephanie Urchick (July 2024 – June 2025) 2661: 2298: 2296: 2121: 2119: 2117: 1855: 1446: 1092: 1003: 929: 795: 490: 482: 345: 238: 210: 3783: 2856: 2854: 2719:Ukrainian Catholic Education Foundation 2565: 2146: 2093: 1605:in English (first published in 1911 as 1439:by Rotarian and children's book author 1353: 1038:The first Rotary Clubs in Asia were in 1034:Racial and sexual orientation diversity 960:" club. Women did play some roles, and 867: 3837: 2960:. Rotary International. Archived from 2768:"Joining Rotary is by invitation only" 2745:"Constitution of Rotary International" 2409: 1888:Rotary International (November 2008). 1835: 925: 3638:"What is Rotex – Rotex International" 3547: 3545: 3543: 3541: 3539: 3537: 3535: 3533: 3531: 3529: 3497:"What is Rotex – Rotex International" 3139: 2805: 2302: 2293: 2166: 2125: 2114: 1861: 1713: 1328:Rotary Grants for University Teachers 1215:taken by Ferris with the Dalai Lama. 3142:"Polio: can immunization ever stop?" 2851: 2266: 2094:Lorimer, Wesley C. (February 1980). 1413: 1372:Paris Institute of Political Studies 1073: 951: 916: 749:adding citations to reliable sources 716: 271:, United States, at Harris's friend 3759:"2019–20 Rotary president selected" 3614:"Why the Rotary year begins 1 July" 3116:"Bill Gates – Rotary International" 3051:ABCs of Rotary, Fifth edition, 2012 3034:Quittner, Jeremy. "Join the Club." 2954:"Historic Moments: Women in Rotary" 2914:Rotary International v. Rotary Club 2322:Rotary International (March 1996). 2064:S. Padraig Walsh (1 January 1979). 495:Memorial seat, Melbourne, Australia 478: 326:In August 1912, the Rotary Club of 13: 3777: 3658:"Atwell Printing Company Building" 3526: 3054:. Rotary International. p. 7. 2707: 2140:10.1111/j.1542-734X.1999.2202_45.x 2013:. Rotary International. p. 1. 1392:University of California, Berkeley 1364:International Christian University 1178:challenge grant, Bill Gates said: 855:visits to those particular clubs. 259:The first years of the Rotary Club 14: 3886: 3855:Organizations established in 1905 3819: 3140:Brown, Phyllida (December 2002). 3105:, anno LXVII, n. 3, Milano, 2003. 3089:, anno LXVII, n. 3, Milano, 2003. 2154:"Expanding Our Reach (1912-1930)" 1171:Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation 845: 819: 577:Carl-Wilhelm Stenhammar (2005–06) 334:. It later became known that the 3790:. University of Illinois Press. 3048:Dochterman, Clifford L. (2012). 2877:Stuart Taylor Jr. (1987-05-05). 2448:. Vatican City. January 12, 1951 1347:New Generations Service Exchange 721: 646:Stephanie A. Urchick (2024-2025) 3865:1905 establishments in Illinois 3679: 3630: 3606: 3582: 3562: 3509: 3489: 3448: 3437:. 31 March 2010. Archived from 3424: 3393: 3351: 3334: 3310: 3270: 3245: 3233:from the original on 2015-12-07 3215: 3193: 3181: 3163: 3133: 3108: 3092: 3079: 3058: 3041: 3028: 2996: 2984: 2975: 2945: 2927: 2902: 2827: 2799: 2785: 2759: 2737: 2689: 2593: 2559: 2543:. April 2, 2011. Archived from 2527: 2513: 2488: 2474: 2460: 2438: 2403: 2374: 2354: 2342: 2275: 2260: 2160: 2001: 1940:. 16 April 2018. Archived from 1926: 1596: 1482:Membership and responsibilities 791: 713:Organization and administration 571:Jonathan B. Majiyagbe (2003–04) 350:A dinner of the Rotary Club of 3223:"Scholarship Programs History" 2721:. May 24, 2019. Archived from 2629:"Rotaract, Interact, and RYLA" 2412:Holocaust and Genocide Studies 2360:Maria Teresa Antonia Morelli, 1938:LA5 Rotary Club of Los Angeles 1908: 1829: 1789: 1747: 1707: 1560: 1260:Rotary Youth Leadership Awards 1162:, Rotary is recognized by the 877:Rotary International President 583:Wilfrid J. Wilkinson (2007–08) 574:Glenn E. Estess, Sr. (2004–05) 1: 3870:Clubs and societies in Canada 2864:, 2/9/1963, Vol. 236, Issue 5 1847:] (in Italian). Cassino: 1714:Olivo, Antonio (2015-06-28). 1655: 1127:Sergio Mulitsch di Palmenberg 1065: 903: 858: 651:Other notable past Presidents 628:Mark Daniel Maloney (2019–20) 164:(CEO & General Secretary) 3784:Charles, Jeffrey A. (1993). 2601:"The Birthplace of Rotaract" 2566:Charles, Jeffrey A. (1993). 2330:. Rotary International: 23. 2236:Rosemarie T. Downer (2009). 1896:. Rotary International: 46. 1862:Lewis, Basil (7 July 2003). 1660: 1499: 1116: 7: 2605:Charlotte North Rotary Club 2446:"Daily Mirror World Cables" 2303:Lewis, Basil (2003-03-16). 2217:. RotaryInternational. 2019 2167:Lewis, Basil (2003-07-03). 2128:Journal of American Culture 2070:. Scan Books. p. 102. 1849:University of Cassino Press 1643: 1463: 1457:Rotary Youth Exchange (RYE) 1218: 622:Ian H. S. Riseley (2017–18) 10: 3891: 3813:Journal of Global History, 3750: 1473:Composition: District 4851 1424:International Literacy Day 1407:peace and conflict studies 1320:Ambassadorial Scholarships 1298:Exchanges and scholarships 1077: 823: 376:World War II era in Europe 234: 18: 3705:10.3726/978-3-653-03319-9 3385:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3348:Access date 17 June 2012. 3302:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3203:(Report). 9 February 2022 2958:Rotary International News 2935:"Rotary eClub One Makeup" 2653:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2349:https://hamburg.rotary.de 2049:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1699:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1625: 1490: 1148:World Health Organization 836:Charlotte, North Carolina 643:Gordon McInally (2023–24) 613:Gary C.K. Huang (2014–15) 562:Richard D. King (2001–02) 551:Lions Clubs International 193: 176: 168: 155: 145: 135: 125: 111: 100: 90: 80: 62: 46: 34: 3666:Art Institute of Chicago 3401:"Rotary Reader Brochure" 2806:Hewko, John (May 2019). 2747:. Rotarian International 2535:"Progress Against Polio" 2386:unesco uoregon education 1433:Rotary Clubs Help People 1396:Chulalongkorn University 1380:Universidad del Salvador 1374:(Sciences Po) (France), 1368:University of Queensland 1308:student exchange program 944:global health physician 616:K.R. Ravindran (2015–16) 287:), Silvester Schiele (a 3120:www.GatesFoundation.org 2287:TheEmperorAndTheSpy.com 2239:The Self-Scarred Church 2215:"The Rotarian Archives" 2169:"Rotary in World War 1" 1631:Honorary-Member of the 1253: 1042:in the Philippines and 892:General Secretary / CEO 663:Clinton Presba Anderson 634:Shekhar Mehta (2021–22) 631:Holger Knaack (2020–21) 610:Ron D. Burton (2013–14) 586:Dong Kurn Lee (2008–09) 366:Prince Iyesato Tokugawa 68:; 119 years ago 3815:7 (July 2012), 302–34. 3038:, 4/16/2002, Issue 861 2793:"Honorary Club Member" 2766:Rotary International. 2267:Katz, Stan S. (2019). 1920:Rotary Club of Seattle 1837:Sipari, Lorenzo Arnone 1376:University of Bradford 1289:Rotary Community Corps 1185: 1109: 1009: 993:of the Rotary Club of 975:Unruh Civil Rights Act 935: 805: 675:Nitish Chandra Laharry 625:Barry Rassin (2018–19) 619:John F. Germ (2016–17) 580:William Boyd (2006–07) 496: 488: 355: 255: 222:is one of the largest 216: 182:1.4 million Rotarians 66:February 23, 1905 3695:. Frankfurt am Main: 2862:Saturday Evening Post 1607:The National Rotarian 1447:Rotex - District 4851 1360:The Rotary Foundation 1304:Rotary Youth Exchange 1180: 1097:Rotary International 1096: 1007: 999:The Rotary Foundation 933: 799: 494: 486: 349: 242: 224:service organizations 214: 3845:Rotary International 3282:Rotary International 2835:"KONKANCATHOLIC.COM" 2812:Rotary International 2633:Rotary International 2498:(January 27, 1951). 2029:Rotary International 2025:"Rotary Goes Global" 1679:Rotary International 1354:Rotary Peace Centers 1123:eradication of polio 946:Dr. Edmond Fernandes 868:Rotary International 745:improve this section 589:John Kenny (2009–10) 517:L'Osservatore Romano 220:Rotary International 189:1.905.307 volunteers 187:162.354 Rotaractors 184:342.953 Interactors 30:Rotary International 3009:The Philippine Star 2484:. January 13, 1951. 2470:. January 12, 1951. 1944:on 10 December 2018 1797:De Grazia, Victoria 1611:Alfred S. Alschuler 1437:Carol is a Rotarian 1312:secondary education 962:Jean Thomson Harris 926:Honorary membership 450:Hungary (1941/1942) 31: 3850:Evanston, Illinois 3146:Immunization Focus 3064:Forward, David C. 2883:The New York Times 2839:konkancatholic.com 2424:10.1093/hgs/dcp017 1544:Rotary Candidates; 1509:Board of Directors 1400:Uppsala University 1358:Starting in 2002, 1110: 1010: 995:Duarte, California 979:U.S. Supreme Court 971:Duarte, California 936: 885:Current President: 806: 497: 489: 356: 317:Winnipeg, Manitoba 256: 217: 137:Official language 105:Evanston, Illinois 55:Evanston, Illinois 29: 3714:978-3-631-64329-7 3594:www.instagram.com 3468:978-1-4389-0584-6 3444:on 31 March 2010. 3344:. 29 March 2007. 2253:978-1-60791-473-0 2077:978-0-906360-02-6 1980:978-1-4389-0584-6 1650:List of Rotarians 1639:(2 February 2005) 1553:Rotex Candidates. 1414:Literacy programs 1074:Inner Wheel Clubs 1024:Jennifer E. Jones 952:Female membership 917:Active membership 781: 780: 773: 669:Herbert J. Taylor 638:Jennifer E. Jones 467:– which supplied 382:Spanish Civil War 275:'s office in the 209: 208: 3882: 3831: 3830: 3828:Official website 3801: 3772: 3770: 3769: 3744: 3743: 3741: 3739: 3725: 3719: 3718: 3694: 3683: 3677: 3676: 3674: 3672: 3654: 3648: 3647: 3645: 3644: 3634: 3628: 3627: 3625: 3624: 3610: 3604: 3603: 3601: 3600: 3586: 3580: 3579: 3577: 3576: 3566: 3560: 3559: 3557: 3549: 3524: 3523: 3521: 3513: 3507: 3506: 3504: 3503: 3493: 3487: 3486: 3480: 3472: 3452: 3446: 3445: 3443: 3436: 3428: 3422: 3421: 3419: 3418: 3412: 3406:. 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Archived from 2378: 2372: 2358: 2352: 2346: 2340: 2339: 2319: 2313: 2312: 2300: 2291: 2290: 2289:. 13 April 2020. 2279: 2273: 2272: 2264: 2258: 2257: 2233: 2227: 2226: 2224: 2222: 2211: 2202: 2201: 2199: 2197: 2186: 2177: 2176: 2164: 2158: 2157: 2150: 2144: 2143: 2123: 2112: 2111: 2091: 2085: 2084: 2061: 2055: 2054: 2048: 2040: 2038: 2036: 2021: 2015: 2014: 2005: 1999: 1998: 1992: 1984: 1960: 1954: 1953: 1951: 1949: 1930: 1924: 1923: 1922:. 16 April 2018. 1912: 1906: 1905: 1885: 1879: 1878: 1876: 1875: 1859: 1853: 1852: 1833: 1827: 1826: 1806: 1793: 1787: 1786: 1775: 1769: 1768: 1766: 1765: 1751: 1745: 1744: 1742: 1741: 1735: 1730:. Archived from 1711: 1705: 1704: 1698: 1690: 1688: 1686: 1675:"What is Rotary" 1671: 1573: 1572: 1568: 1310:for students in 1284: 1136:Luciano Ravaglia 1134:co-ordinated by 776: 769: 765: 762: 756: 725: 717: 687:Luther H. Hodges 681:Richard L. Evans 593:Ray Klinginsmith 566:Bhichai Rattakul 536:Soviet satellite 479:From 1945 onward 249:Feira de Santana 205: 202: 200: 76: 74: 69: 53:Headquarters in 51: 39: 32: 28: 3890: 3889: 3885: 3884: 3883: 3881: 3880: 3879: 3835: 3834: 3826: 3825: 3822: 3804:Goff, Brendan. 3798: 3780: 3778:Further reading 3775: 3767: 3765: 3757: 3753: 3748: 3747: 3737: 3735: 3727: 3726: 3722: 3715: 3699:. p. 157. 3692: 3684: 3680: 3670: 3668: 3656: 3655: 3651: 3642: 3640: 3636: 3635: 3631: 3622: 3620: 3612: 3611: 3607: 3598: 3596: 3588: 3587: 3583: 3574: 3572: 3568: 3567: 3563: 3555: 3551: 3550: 3527: 3519: 3517:"Rotary Basics" 3515: 3514: 3510: 3501: 3499: 3495: 3494: 3490: 3474: 3473: 3469: 3461:. 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Harris 652: 649: 648: 647: 644: 641: 635: 632: 629: 626: 623: 620: 617: 614: 611: 608: 602: 596: 590: 587: 584: 581: 578: 575: 572: 569: 563: 558: 555: 542:club in 1990. 480: 477: 452: 451: 448: 422: 419:Czechoslovakia 416: 413: 412:Austria (1938) 410: 404: 398: 397:Belgium (1923) 395: 377: 374: 277:Unity Building 265:Paul P. Harris 260: 257: 236: 233: 207: 206: 195: 191: 190: 180: 177: 174: 173: 170: 166: 165: 159: 156: 153: 152: 149: 146: 143: 142: 139: 136: 133: 132: 129: 126: 123: 122: 120: 119: 115: 113: 109: 108: 102: 98: 97: 92: 88: 87: 85:Paul P. Harris 82: 78: 77: 64: 60: 59: 52: 44: 43: 40: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3887: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3842: 3840: 3829: 3824: 3823: 3814: 3810: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3793: 3789: 3788: 3782: 3781: 3764: 3760: 3756: 3755: 3734: 3730: 3724: 3716: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3698: 3691: 3690: 3682: 3667: 3663: 3659: 3653: 3639: 3633: 3619: 3615: 3609: 3595: 3591: 3585: 3571: 3565: 3554: 3548: 3546: 3544: 3542: 3540: 3538: 3536: 3534: 3532: 3530: 3518: 3512: 3498: 3492: 3484: 3478: 3470: 3464: 3460: 3459: 3451: 3440: 3433: 3427: 3413:on 2012-03-06 3409: 3402: 3396: 3388: 3382: 3366: 3365: 3360: 3354: 3347: 3343: 3337: 3323: 3319: 3313: 3305: 3299: 3283: 3279: 3273: 3258: 3254: 3248: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3218: 3202: 3196: 3190: 3184: 3176: 3172: 3166: 3152:on 2003-02-03 3151: 3147: 3143: 3136: 3121: 3117: 3111: 3104: 3100: 3095: 3088: 3082: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3061: 3053: 3052: 3044: 3037: 3031: 3023: 3011: 3010: 3005: 2999: 2993: 2987: 2978: 2964:on 2009-10-03 2963: 2959: 2955: 2948: 2940: 2936: 2930: 2915: 2911: 2905: 2891:on 2012-03-17 2889: 2884: 2880: 2873: 2871: 2863: 2857: 2855: 2840: 2836: 2830: 2823: 2813: 2809: 2802: 2794: 2788: 2774:on 2008-03-06 2773: 2769: 2762: 2746: 2740: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2710: 2702: 2698: 2697:"Our Leaders" 2692: 2677: 2673: 2667: 2665: 2656: 2650: 2639:September 20, 2634: 2630: 2624: 2622: 2606: 2602: 2596: 2581: 2579:9780252020155 2575: 2572:. p. 4. 2571: 2570: 2562: 2546: 2542: 2541: 2536: 2530: 2522: 2516: 2501: 2497: 2491: 2483: 2477: 2469: 2463: 2447: 2441: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2406: 2392:on 2016-03-05 2391: 2387: 2383: 2377: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2357: 2350: 2345: 2337: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2318: 2310: 2306: 2299: 2297: 2288: 2284: 2278: 2270: 2263: 2255: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2240: 2232: 2216: 2210: 2208: 2191: 2185: 2183: 2174: 2170: 2163: 2155: 2149: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2122: 2120: 2118: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2090: 2083: 2079: 2073: 2069: 2068: 2060: 2052: 2046: 2030: 2026: 2020: 2012: 2011: 2004: 1996: 1990: 1982: 1976: 1973:. p. 4. 1972: 1968: 1967: 1959: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1929: 1921: 1917: 1911: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1884: 1870:on 2014-03-12 1869: 1865: 1858: 1851:. p. 15. 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1832: 1824: 1822:0-674-01672-6 1818: 1814: 1810: 1807:. Cambridge: 1805: 1804: 1798: 1792: 1784: 1780: 1774: 1760: 1756: 1750: 1736:on 2015-08-03 1734: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1710: 1702: 1696: 1680: 1676: 1670: 1666: 1651: 1648: 1647: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1629: 1623: 1621: 1620: 1619:Rotary Norden 1614: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1591: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1575: 1569: 1558: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1542: 1541: 1538: 1535: 1531: 1528: 1525: 1521: 1519: 1516: 1512: 1510: 1506: 1497: 1488: 1479: 1470: 1461: 1458: 1454: 1444: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1411: 1408: 1403: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1382:(Argentina), 1381: 1377: 1373: 1370:(Australia), 1369: 1365: 1361: 1351: 1348: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1314:, from which 1313: 1309: 1305: 1295: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1261: 1251: 1244: 1241: 1238: 1235: 1234: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1216: 1214: 1210: 1205: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1184: 1179: 1176: 1172: 1167: 1165: 1161: 1158:and the U.S. 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1114: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1095: 1086: 1081: 1071: 1063: 1060: 1058: 1057:Non-racialism 1054: 1050: 1045: 1041: 1031: 1027: 1025: 1020: 1016: 1006: 1002: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 984: 980: 976: 972: 966: 963: 959: 949: 947: 942: 932: 923: 914: 910: 901: 899: 891: 890: 889: 888:Revolution.. 886: 882: 874: 865: 856: 852: 843: 839: 837: 832: 827: 817: 814: 810: 803: 798: 789: 787: 775: 772: 764: 761:February 2011 754: 750: 746: 740: 739: 735: 730:This section 728: 724: 719: 718: 707: 704: 701: 698: 695: 691: 688: 685: 682: 679: 676: 673: 670: 667: 664: 661: 658: 655: 654: 645: 642: 639: 636: 633: 630: 627: 624: 621: 618: 615: 612: 609: 606: 605:Sakuji Tanaka 603: 600: 597: 594: 591: 588: 585: 582: 579: 576: 573: 570: 567: 564: 561: 560: 554: 552: 546: 543: 541: 537: 532: 530: 526: 521: 519: 518: 513: 508: 506: 502: 493: 485: 476: 474: 470: 466: 461: 456: 449: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 423: 420: 417: 414: 411: 408: 405: 402: 399: 396: 393: 390: 389: 388: 385: 383: 373: 371: 370:National Diet 367: 362: 353: 348: 344: 342: 337: 333: 332:North America 329: 324: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 301:San Francisco 297: 294: 290: 289:coal merchant 286: 282: 278: 274: 273:Gustave Loehr 270: 266: 254: 250: 246: 241: 232: 228: 225: 221: 213: 204: 196: 192: 188: 185: 181: 175: 171: 167: 163: 160: 154: 150: 144: 140: 134: 130: 124: 117: 116: 114: 110: 106: 103: 99: 96: 93: 89: 86: 83: 79: 65: 61: 56: 50: 45: 38: 33: 25: 24: 3812: 3805: 3786: 3766:. 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