27:
1866:
101:
using beyond-nearest-neighbor coupling. The observation of such a "roton-like" dispersion relation was demonstrated under ambient conditions for both acoustic pressure waves in a channel-based metamaterial at audible frequencies and transverse elastic waves in a microscale metamaterial at ultrasound
118:
which try to explain the roton spectrum with varying degrees of success and fundamentality. The requirement for any model of this kind is that it must explain not only the shape of the spectrum itself but also other related observables, such as the
479:
Rybalko, A.; Rubets, S.; Rudavskii, E.; Tikhiy, V.; Poluectov, Y.; Golovashchenko, R.; Derkach, V.; Tarapov, S.; Usatenko, O. (4 Nov 2009). "Microwave
Spectroscopy of Condensed Helium at the Roton Frequency".
142:
of rotons has been also proposed and studied. Its first detection has been reported in 2018. Under specific conditions the roton minimum gives rise to a crystal solid-like structure called the
30:
Roton dispersion relation, showing the quasiparticle energy E(p) as a function of momentum p. A quasiparticle with momentum generated in the local energy minimum is called a roton.
688:
Henkel, N.; Nath, R.; Pohl, T. (11 May 2010). "Three-Dimensional Roton
Excitations and Supersolid Formation in Rydberg-Excited Bose-Einstein Condensates".
365:
Bisset, R. N.; Blakie, P. B. (26 June 2013). "Fingerprinting Rotons in a
Dipolar Condensate: Super-Poissonian Peak in the Atom-Number Fluctuations".
139:
291:
Iglesias MartĂnez, Julio AndrĂ©s; GroĂź, Michael
Fidelis; Chen, Yi; Frenzel, Tobias; Laude, Vincent; Kadic, Muamer; Wegener, Martin (2021-12-03).
1789:
426:
Blakie, P. B.; Baillie, D.; Bisset, R. N. (Aug 15, 2012). "Roton spectroscopy in a harmonically trapped dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate".
1539:
1777:
1895:
819:
754:
1675:
1756:
86:; those with momenta close to the minimum are called rotons. Excitations with momenta near the maximum are called
187:"Nonlocal interaction engineering of 2D roton-like dispersion relations in acoustic and mechanical metamaterials"
674:
160:
1772:
165:
51:
59:
523:
Glyde, Henry R. (December 1993). "The role of the condensate in the existence of phonons and rotons".
1848:
1260:
1890:
1816:
1451:
1078:
812:
115:
1900:
1751:
1088:
20:
675:"Three teams independently show dipolar quantum gasses support state of supersolid properties"
355:
Landau, L. D. (1947). On the theory of superfluidity of helium II. Physics-Uspekhi, 11(1), 91.
131:. Microwave and Bragg spectroscopy has been conducted on helium to study the roton spectrum.
1838:
766:
707:
646:
589:
532:
489:
445:
384:
304:
247:
198:
8:
1905:
1853:
836:
128:
63:
47:
35:
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650:
593:
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449:
388:
308:
251:
202:
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805:
731:
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610:
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292:
268:
235:
216:
1865:
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1225:
970:
897:
723:
615:
552:
509:
465:
400:
338:
320:
273:
220:
735:
412:
1843:
1614:
1389:
1250:
1235:
917:
828:
774:
719:
715:
654:
605:
597:
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497:
453:
396:
392:
328:
312:
263:
255:
206:
124:
87:
185:
Wang, Ke; Chen, Yi; Kadic, Muamer; Wang, Changguo; Wegener, Martin (24 May 2022).
1811:
1736:
1720:
1660:
1070:
995:
985:
975:
887:
1870:
1784:
1741:
1477:
1265:
1038:
960:
955:
877:
457:
259:
211:
186:
120:
778:
601:
501:
293:"Experimental observation of roton-like dispersion relations in metamaterials"
1884:
1828:
1680:
1647:
1439:
1409:
1341:
1200:
980:
907:
892:
782:
324:
74:
increase from the origin, but exhibits first a maximum and then a minimum in
43:
1806:
1356:
1346:
1336:
1097:
1048:
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912:
867:
727:
619:
404:
342:
316:
277:
98:
659:
634:
26:
1821:
1589:
1492:
1487:
1404:
1399:
1329:
1283:
1240:
1205:
1164:
1056:
1020:
882:
1563:
1457:
1447:
1429:
1319:
1220:
1155:
872:
797:
544:
155:
143:
111:
67:
1705:
1695:
1665:
1558:
1524:
1517:
1394:
1384:
1379:
1351:
1119:
902:
94:
110:
Originally, the roton spectrum was phenomenologically introduced by
82:
increases. Excitations with momenta in the linear region are called
1801:
1629:
1584:
1568:
1529:
1502:
1215:
1210:
1190:
1160:
1150:
1145:
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935:
862:
584:
79:
702:
440:
379:
1710:
1700:
1670:
1624:
1619:
1594:
1512:
1497:
1424:
1419:
1324:
1309:
1255:
1230:
1195:
1124:
1106:
845:
290:
236:"Roton-like acoustical dispersion relations in 3D metamaterials"
1690:
1685:
1314:
1301:
1292:
1114:
1028:
927:
568:"Observation of roton mode population in a dipolar quantum gas"
83:
75:
71:
55:
16:
Collective excitation in superfluid helium-4 (a quasiparticle)
1655:
1507:
1366:
1245:
1185:
1140:
1033:
1011:
854:
478:
1482:
1414:
1374:
950:
945:
234:
Chen, Yi; Kadic, Muamer; Wegener, Martin (2 June 2021).
93:
The term "roton-like" is also used for the predicted
425:
184:
1882:
233:
687:
813:
134:
364:
820:
806:
701:
658:
609:
583:
439:
378:
332:
267:
210:
827:
25:
752:
1883:
1291:
632:
565:
801:
755:"Superfluidity and Superconductivity"
635:"Dipolar Quantum Gases go Supersolid"
522:
146:, as shown in experiments from 2019.
13:
525:Journal of Low Temperature Physics
482:Journal of Low Temperature Physics
66:of elementary excitations in this
14:
1917:
1864:
1757:Timeline of particle discoveries
42:is an elementary excitation, or
753:Feynman, R. P. (1 April 1957).
746:
681:
667:
633:Donner, Tobias (3 April 2019).
626:
114:in 1947. Currently there exist
720:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.195302
559:
516:
472:
419:
397:10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.265302
358:
349:
284:
227:
178:
1:
171:
161:Macroscopic quantum phenomena
1773:History of subatomic physics
7:
149:
10:
1922:
458:10.1103/PhysRevA.86.021604
260:10.1038/s41467-021-23574-2
212:10.1038/s43246-022-00257-z
140:Bose–Einstein condensation
135:Bose–Einstein condensation
18:
1896:Bose–Einstein condensates
1862:
1765:
1729:
1646:
1607:
1577:
1551:
1547:
1538:
1470:
1438:
1365:
1300:
1282:
1178:
1133:
1105:
1096:
1087:
1069:
1047:
1019:
1010:
926:
853:
844:
835:
779:10.1103/RevModPhys.29.205
759:Reviews of Modern Physics
602:10.1038/s41567-018-0054-7
502:10.1007/s10909-009-0025-6
105:
52:Bose–Einstein condensates
1790:mathematical formulation
1385:Eta and eta prime mesons
191:Communications Materials
166:Bose–Einstein condensate
1452:Double-charm tetraquark
690:Physical Review Letters
317:10.1126/sciadv.abm2189
31:
21:Roton (disambiguation)
1849:Wave–particle duality
1839:Relativistic particle
976:Electron antineutrino
660:10.1103/Physics.12.38
240:Nature Communications
29:
1079:Faddeev–Popov ghosts
829:Particles in physics
56:dipolar interactions
19:For other uses, see
1854:Particle chauvinism
1797:Subatomic particles
771:1957RvMP...29..205F
712:2010PhRvL.104s5302H
651:2019PhyOJ..12...38D
594:2018NatPh..14..442C
566:Chomaz, L. (2018).
537:1993JLTP...93..861G
494:2010JLTP..158..244R
450:2012PhRvA..86b1604B
389:2013PhRvL.110z5302B
309:2021SciA....7.2189I
252:2021NatCo..12.3278C
203:2022CoMat...3...35W
129:superfluid helium-4
64:dispersion relation
60:spin-orbit coupling
48:superfluid helium-4
36:theoretical physics
545:10.1007/BF00692035
32:
1878:
1877:
1834:Massless particle
1642:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1603:
1602:
1466:
1465:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1226:Magnetic monopole
1174:
1173:
1065:
1064:
1006:
1005:
986:Muon antineutrino
971:Electron neutrino
1913:
1868:
1844:Virtual particle
1615:Mesonic molecule
1549:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1390:Bottom eta meson
1298:
1297:
1289:
1288:
1261:W′ and Z′ bosons
1251:Sterile neutrino
1236:Majorana fermion
1103:
1102:
1094:
1093:
1017:
1016:
996:Tau antineutrino
851:
850:
842:
841:
822:
815:
808:
799:
798:
794:
792:
790:
781:. Archived from
740:
739:
705:
685:
679:
678:
671:
665:
664:
662:
630:
624:
623:
613:
587:
563:
557:
556:
531:(5–6): 861–878.
520:
514:
513:
488:(1–2): 244–249.
476:
470:
469:
443:
423:
417:
416:
382:
362:
356:
353:
347:
346:
336:
303:(49): eabm2189.
297:Science Advances
288:
282:
281:
271:
231:
225:
224:
214:
182:
125:structure factor
54:with long-range
1921:
1920:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1858:
1812:Nuclear physics
1761:
1725:
1661:Davydov soliton
1634:
1599:
1573:
1534:
1462:
1434:
1361:
1270:
1170:
1129:
1083:
1061:
1043:
1002:
922:
831:
826:
788:
786:
785:on 29 June 2023
749:
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682:
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367:Phys. Rev. Lett
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137:
108:
24:
17:
12:
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1891:Quasiparticles
1876:
1875:
1871:Physics portal
1863:
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1804:
1799:
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1793:
1792:
1785:Standard Model
1782:
1781:
1780:
1769:
1767:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1752:Quasiparticles
1749:
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1648:Quasiparticles
1644:
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1505:
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1480:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1444:
1442:
1440:Exotic hadrons
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
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1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
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1304:
1295:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1266:X and Y bosons
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
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1128:
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1111:
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1091:
1085:
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1082:
1081:
1075:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1059:
1053:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1039:W and Z bosons
1036:
1031:
1025:
1023:
1014:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1001:
1000:
999:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
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958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
932:
930:
924:
923:
921:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
893:Strange (quark
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
859:
857:
848:
839:
833:
832:
825:
824:
817:
810:
802:
796:
795:
765:(2): 205–212.
748:
745:
742:
741:
696:(19): 195302.
680:
666:
625:
578:(5): 442–446.
572:Nature Physics
558:
515:
471:
418:
373:(26): 265302.
357:
348:
283:
226:
176:
175:
173:
170:
169:
168:
163:
158:
151:
148:
136:
133:
121:speed of sound
107:
104:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1918:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1901:Superfluidity
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1873:
1872:
1867:
1861:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
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1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1829:Exotic matter
1827:
1823:
1820:
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1818:
1817:Eightfold way
1815:
1813:
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1808:
1807:Antiparticles
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1662:
1659:
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1621:
1618:
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1613:
1612:
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1606:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1478:Atomic nuclei
1476:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1410:Upsilon meson
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1342:Lambda baryon
1340:
1338:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1305:
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1234:
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1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1201:Dual graviton
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1157:
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1138:
1136:
1132:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1098:Superpartners
1095:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1009:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
981:Muon neutrino
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
968:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
933:
931:
929:
925:
919:
916:
914:
913:Bottom (quark
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
860:
858:
856:
852:
849:
847:
843:
840:
838:
834:
830:
823:
818:
816:
811:
809:
804:
803:
800:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
751:
750:
737:
733:
729:
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721:
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713:
709:
704:
699:
695:
691:
684:
676:
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652:
648:
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629:
621:
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607:
603:
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581:
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573:
569:
562:
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550:
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542:
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534:
530:
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511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
475:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
442:
437:
434:(2): 021604.
433:
429:
422:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
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1715:
1540:Hypothetical
1488:Exotic atoms
1357:Omega baryon
1347:Sigma baryon
1337:Delta baryon
1089:Hypothetical
1071:Ghost fields
1057:Higgs boson
991:Tau neutrino
883:Charm (quark
787:. Retrieved
783:the original
762:
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747:Bibliography
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1822:Quark model
1590:Theta meson
1493:Positronium
1405:Omega meson
1400:J/psi meson
1330:Antineutron
1241:Dark photon
1206:Graviphoton
1165:Stop squark
873:Down (quark
246:(1): 3278.
1906:Lev Landau
1885:Categories
1564:Heptaquark
1525:Superatoms
1458:Pentaquark
1448:Tetraquark
1430:Quarkonium
1320:Antiproton
1221:Leptoquark
1156:Neutralino
918:antiquark)
908:antiquark)
903:Top (quark
898:antiquark)
888:antiquark)
878:antiquark)
868:antiquark)
837:Elementary
585:1705.06914
172:References
156:Superfluid
144:supersolid
112:Lev Landau
95:eigenmodes
68:superfluid
46:, seen in
1802:Particles
1747:Particles
1706:Polariton
1696:Plasmaron
1666:Dropleton
1559:Hexaquark
1530:Molecules
1518:Protonium
1395:Phi meson
1380:Rho meson
1352:Xi baryon
1284:Composite
1120:Gravitino
863:Up (quark
703:1001.3250
553:122151606
510:120191282
466:119285430
441:1206.2770
380:1304.3605
325:2375-2548
221:248991736
197:(1): 35.
1778:timeline
1630:R-hadron
1585:Glueball
1569:Skyrmion
1503:Tauonium
1216:Inflaton
1211:Graviton
1191:Curvaton
1161:Sfermion
1151:Higgsino
1146:Chargino
1107:Gauginos
966:Neutrino
951:Antimuon
941:Positron
936:Electron
846:Fermions
736:14445701
728:20866972
620:29861780
413:24788775
405:23848891
343:34851658
278:34078904
150:See also
80:momentum
70:shows a
1766:Related
1737:Baryons
1711:Polaron
1701:Plasmon
1676:Fracton
1671:Exciton
1625:Diquark
1620:Pomeron
1595:T meson
1552:Baryons
1513:Pionium
1498:Muonium
1425:D meson
1420:B meson
1325:Neutron
1310:Nucleon
1302:Baryons
1293:Hadrons
1256:Tachyon
1231:Majoron
1196:Dilaton
1125:Photino
961:Antitau
928:Leptons
767:Bibcode
708:Bibcode
647:Bibcode
639:Physics
611:5972007
590:Bibcode
533:Bibcode
490:Bibcode
446:Bibcode
385:Bibcode
334:8635434
305:Bibcode
269:8172548
248:Bibcode
199:Bibcode
84:phonons
78:as the
1742:Mesons
1691:Phonon
1686:Magnon
1608:Others
1578:Mesons
1471:Others
1367:Mesons
1315:Proton
1179:Others
1134:Others
1115:Gluino
1049:Scalar
1029:Photon
1012:Bosons
855:Quarks
789:1 July
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645:: 38.
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116:models
106:Models
97:in 3D
88:maxons
76:energy
72:linear
62:. The
1730:Lists
1721:Trion
1716:Roton
1656:Anyon
1483:Atoms
1246:Preon
1186:Axion
1141:Axino
1034:Gluon
1021:Gauge
732:S2CID
698:arXiv
580:arXiv
549:S2CID
506:S2CID
462:S2CID
436:arXiv
409:S2CID
375:arXiv
217:S2CID
40:roton
1681:Hole
1508:Onia
1415:Kaon
1375:Pion
946:Muon
791:2022
724:PMID
616:PMID
401:PMID
339:PMID
321:ISSN
274:PMID
123:and
50:and
38:, a
956:Tau
775:doi
716:doi
694:104
655:doi
606:PMC
598:doi
541:doi
498:doi
486:158
454:doi
393:doi
371:110
329:PMC
313:doi
264:PMC
256:doi
207:doi
127:of
58:or
34:In
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