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537:, in San Juan, and sentenced to six hours of detention. Similar to what Berríos Martínez had done in Culebra thirty years before, Berríos did not recognize the jurisdiction of the American judicial forum in Puerto Rico during his trial for the Vieques trespassing, and did not present any legal defense. Speaking to Berríos Martínez, the sentencing judge said, "Odd as it may seem to you, we both are on the side of democracy on this one; you are complying with your conscience. I am also complying with mine."
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after being handcuffed with his hands to his back with the other PIP members that accompanied him at the U.S. Navy bombing range. This time, convicted for the fourth time (one in
Culebra and three additional civil disobedience arrests) by a United States District Court, Berríos was sentenced to four months in prison.
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With the continuation of bombing practices by the U.S. Navy, Berríos announced his intention to enter the restricted grounds for a third time. He stayed for five days in the target practice area, before being arrested violently and forced to lie on a hot gravel road for an extended period of time
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Berríos believes that there should be a change in the U.S. maritime laws that force Puerto Rico to import and export goods only via U.S. ships. Such laws increase the price of products entering or leaving the island. He also believes that the U.S.
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In 1972, the thirty-three-year-old Berríos was elected to his first term as an at-large senator. He was also re-elected to at-large senatorial seats at the Puerto Rican
Legislative Assembly on three additional occasions: 1984, 1992, and 1996.
371:(PNP) candidate — he, nevertheless, has enjoyed great electoral success regarding his candidacy to the Senate, receiving more votes than any other candidate in the Puerto Rican senatorial elections of 1972, 1984, 1992 and 1996.
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Berríos is widely admired by many in Puerto Rico, including those who do not follow his political ideology. In 1984, for example, he received 84% of the general vote in his candidacy for senator.
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encampment — baptized in honor of the PIP founder — for 362 consecutive days, enduring both camp devastations due to storms and declining health due to a new diagnosis of
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for three days. He was then arrested and imprisoned for three months. In part because of his efforts, the U.S. Navy abandoned its facilities in
Culebra.
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Voices for
Independence: In the Spirit of Valor and Sacrifice. Portraits of Notable Individuals in the Struggle for Puerto Rican Independence.
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PIP when he was thirty-one years old and has been president of it five times during fifty years. Under his leadership, the PIP adopted a
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Five days later, Berríos reentered the
Vieques target practice grounds. As a result, he was arrested and went to trial at the
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515:. In December 1999, he resigned his Senate seat due to the uncertainty and prolongation of his stay at the encampment.
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program. Although he has had limited success at the voting booth regarding his candidacy for the post of
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The U.S. Navy abandoned its facilities in
Vieques on May 1, 2003, by order of President George W. Bush.
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Michael R. Blood and Dave
Goldiner. 24 May 2001. New York Daily News. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
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laws should not apply to Puerto Rico without the consent of the Puerto Rican legislature.
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Interview with Ruben Berríos Martínez, President of the Puerto Rican
Independence Party.
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Telemundo. NBCUniversal. 22 July 2015. Updated 7 March 2015. accessed 29 April 2018.
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Latin
American and Caribbean Congress in Solidarity with Puerto Rico's Independence
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Latin
American and Caribbean Congress in Solidarity with Puerto Rico's Independence
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Conferencia Permanente para los Partidos Políticos de América Latina y el Caribe
588:. Speech before the United Nations about colonialism in Puerto Rico, August 1973
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Portraits of Notable Individuals in the Struggle for Puerto Rican Independence
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Currently a professor at the University of Puerto Rico, School of Law (2006)
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SLAMMER FOR SHARPTON Gets 90 days in Vieques protest; 11 others sentenced.
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Mireya Navarro. 6 August 2009. The New York Times. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
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one of the speeches made by Rubén Berríos before a Congressional Hearing
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Presidente nicaragüense nombró a Rubén Berríos como su asesor político.
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Puerto Ricans expel United States Navy from Culebra Island, 1970-1974.
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Vieques Trials: Puerto Rican Activist Sentenced To Six Hours In Jail.
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in 1976, 1980, 1988, 2000 and 2004 — losing every time to either the
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Candidate for Governor of Puerto Rico (1976, 1980, 1988, 2000, 2004)
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John Marino. Washington Post. 14 June 2000. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
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Eleonora Sharef. 2004. The Yale Globalist. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
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Berríos founded the Permanent Conference of Political Parties of
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Prisoners and detainees of the United States federal government
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inside the U.S. Navy bombing practice grounds in the island of
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Professor of Law at the University of Puerto Rico (1967–1971)
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United States District Court for the District of Puerto Rico
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Global Nonviolent Action Database. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
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New Battle on Vieques, Over Navy’s Cleanup of Munitions.
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Senator of Puerto Rico (1972–1976, 1984–1988, 1993–1996)
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Berríos has authored the following works and speeches:
386:(COPPPAL), is a member of the Executive Council of the
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Puerto Rican Independence Party (1998). . Puerto Rico.
669:, Esq. - PIP Secretary of Relations with North America
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606:. Foreign Affairs, Council on Foreign Affairs, 1997
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The Independence of Puerto Rico: Cause and Struggle
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The Independence of Puerto Rico: Cause and Struggle
1000:Puerto Rico Pro-Independence University Federation
292:abandoning the use of the Puerto Rican island of
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344:. He has been a tenured professor of law at the
296:for military exercises and was a leader for the
27:Puerto Rican politician and activist (born 1939)
736:White Star Press (Pittsburg, California, U.S.)
697:Asociación Lationoamericana de Derechos Humanos
268:attorney, writer, and current president of the
42: and the second or maternal family name is
598:La Independencia de Puerto Rico: Razón y Lucha
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320:in business administration and economy from
1687:Puerto Rico Independence Party politicians
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990:Hostosian National Independence Movement
420:named Berrios as his political advisor.
970:Independence Association of Puerto Rico
403:Puerto Rico: Nationality and Plebiscite
390:(ALDHU), and Honorary President of the
388:Latin American Human Rights Association
346:University of Puerto Rico School of Law
14:
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1633:La Borinqueña by Lola Rodríguez de Tío
1577:Nationalist Party revolts of the 1950s
1027:Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional
1762:20th-century Puerto Rican politicians
1602:U.S. Capitol shooting incident (1954)
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480:'s use of the Puerto Rican island of
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1742:Colegio San Ignacio de Loyola alumni
1732:Puerto Rican prisoners and detainees
1697:Members of the Senate of Puerto Rico
910:Independence movement in Puerto Rico
1747:Puerto Rican independence activists
1692:McDonough School of Business alumni
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1722:Alumni of the University of Oxford
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1757:University of Puerto Rico faculty
1682:People from Aibonito, Puerto Rico
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316:(class of 1957). He received his
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351:Berríos became president of the
328:and master's degree in law from
980:Puerto Rican Independence Party
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564:Puerto Rican Independence Party
270:Puerto Rican Independence Party
243:Puerto Rican Independence Party
1516:Teófilo Villavicencio Marxuach
1148:José "Aguila Blanca" Maldonado
985:Puerto Rican Nationalist Party
868:PIP President Returns to Jail.
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592:Towards Puerto Rican Socialism
495:On May 8, 1999, Berríos began
416:In 2015, Nicaraguan President
407:Towards Puerto Rican Socialism
65:Puerto Rico Independence Party
13:
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1537:Ducoudray Holstein Expedition
1451:Pedro "Davilita" Ortiz Dávila
1211:Gilberto Concepción de Gracia
1063:María de las Mercedes Barbudo
673:
509:Gilberto Concepción de Gracia
336:in international rights from
312:. He attended high school at
100:Gilberto Concepción de Gracia
1707:Leaders of political parties
1597:Truman assassination attempt
975:Liberal Party of Puerto Rico
604:Puerto Rico's Decolonization
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258:Rubén Ángel Berríos Martínez
53:Rubén Ángel Berríos Martínez
34:, the first or paternal
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1727:Stockholm University alumni
1587:San Juan Nationalist revolt
1196:Marie Haydée Beltrán Torres
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484:for military exercises. He
397:He has published the books
272:(PIP). A former three-time
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1752:International law scholars
1717:Puerto Rican party leaders
965:Union Party of Puerto Rico
260:(born June 21, 1939) is a
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1291:María de Lourdes Santiago
1286:Manuel Rodríguez Orellana
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1128:Antonio Valero de Bernabé
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667:Manuel Rodríguez Orellana
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1123:Arturo Alfonso Schomburg
1093:Francisco Ramírez Medina
1083:Rosendo Matienzo Cintrón
847:Biography: Rubén Berríos
365:Popular Democratic Party
1702:Puerto Rican socialists
1607:Cerro Maravilla murders
1552:Levantamiento de Ciales
1511:Carlos Vélez Rieckehoff
1431:Tomás López de Victoria
1416:Andres Figueroa Cordero
1406:Carmelo Delgado Delgado
1226:José M. Dávila Monsanto
1088:Antonio Mattei Lluberas
1078:Francisco Gonzalo Marín
1073:Eugenio María de Hostos
1043:Ramón Emeterio Betances
958:Political organizations
708:Socialist International
392:Socialist International
361:Governor of Puerto Rico
282:Governor of Puerto Rico
278:perennial PIP candidate
1712:Yale Law School alumni
1506:Antonio Vélez Alvarado
1401:Isabel Freire de Matos
1391:Juan Antonio Corretjer
1341:Margot Arce de Vázquez
1171:Antonio Rafael Barceló
1098:José Gualberto Padilla
1036:19th century activists
1016:Cadets of the Republic
1009:Militant organizations
789:Berríos Vieques Arrest
744:. March 1998. Page 96.
732:Zwickel, Jean Willey.
288:that succeeded in the
18:Rubén Berríos Martínez
1466:Helen Rodríguez Trías
1446:Francisco Matos Paoli
1411:Raimundo Díaz Pacheco
1371:Rafael Cancel Miranda
1306:Carlos Alberto Torres
1206:Cayetano Coll y Cuchí
1162:20th and 21st century
1103:Lola Rodríguez de Tió
917:Indigenous resistance
657:List of Puerto Ricans
528:United States Marines
505:Navy-Vieques protests
474:Navy-Culebra protests
369:New Progressive Party
322:Georgetown University
310:Aibonito, Puerto Rico
286:Navy–Culebra protests
199:Georgetown University
1557:Río Piedras massacre
1261:Filiberto Ojeda Ríos
1241:Víctor Manuel Gerena
1176:Félix Benítez Rexach
1021:Boricua Popular Army
610:Un Mapa Para la Ruta
518:On May 4, 2000, the
507:). He stayed in the
501:Vieques, Puerto Rico
476:that criticized the
357:democratic socialist
308:Berríos was born in
221:University of Oxford
1628:Grito de Lares flag
1521:Olga Viscal Garriga
1496:Clemente Soto Vélez
1486:Vidal Santiago Díaz
1396:José Ferrer Canales
1331:Pedro Albizu Campos
1281:Ángel Rivero Méndez
1266:Antonio S. Pedreira
1251:Luis Lloréns Torres
1246:Edwin Irizarry Mora
1118:Segundo Ruiz Belvis
314:Colegio San Ignacio
1547:Intentona de Yauco
1501:Griselio Torresola
1456:Ruth Mary Reynolds
1351:Casimiro Berenguer
1301:Alejandrina Torres
1256:Oscar López Rivera
1221:Pedro Ortiz Dávila
1138:Fernando Fernandez
1133:Manuel Zeno Gandía
843:Puerto Rico Herald
775:2016-03-03 at the
635:Puerto Rico portal
522:were evacuated by
478:United States Navy
457:You may listen to
440:Civil disobedience
353:Independence Party
290:United States Navy
111:Puerto Rico Senate
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1571:Ley de la Mordaza
1461:Germán Rieckehoff
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1323:Nationalist Party
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1186:Americo Boschetti
566:(1970 to present)
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434:Selective Service
338:Oxford University
318:bachelor's degree
266:international law
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594:. Puerto Rico
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562:President of
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488:in Culebra's
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418:Daniel Ortega
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380:Latin America
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367:(PPD) or the
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324:in 1961, his
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284:. He led the
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238:Law professor
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171:(age 85)
169:June 21, 1939
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1570:
1471:Hiram Rosado
1441:René Marqués
1421:Irvin Flores
1386:Rosa Collazo
1321:Puerto Rican
1271:Pedro Pietri
1180:
1108:Manuel Rojas
1023:(Macheteros)
929:Agüeybaná II
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348:since 1967.
326:juris doctor
307:
264:politician,
262:Puerto Rican
257:
256:
140:
129:
118:
83:
72:
43:
39:
32:Spanish name
1672:1939 births
1311:Iris Zavala
1296:Piri Thomas
1216:Juan Dalmau
924:Agüeybaná I
520:encampments
179:Puerto Rico
95:Preceded by
1666:Categories
674:References
614:A Road Map
332:, and his
232:Occupation
165:1939-06-21
1201:Roy Brown
1164:activists
384:Caribbean
342:Stockholm
304:Biography
195:Education
145:1973–1977
141:In office
134:1985–1989
130:In office
123:1993–1997
119:In office
74:Incumbent
1650:Claridad
773:Archived
621:See also
616:), 2004.
486:squatted
382:and the
175:Aibonito
107:At-Large
44:Martínez
30:In this
1621:Symbols
1567:Gag Law
949:Urayoán
944:Jumacao
934:Arasibo
497:camping
482:Culebra
465:YouTube
294:Culebra
274:senator
40:Berríos
36:surname
1530:Events
939:Hayuya
740:
600:, 1984
559:Lawyer
405:, and
394:(SI).
1642:Media
503:(see
225:DPhil
87:
738:ISBN
526:and
280:for
159:Born
89:1970
463:on
212:LLM
203:BBA
189:PIP
38:is
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413:.
401:,
300:.
216:JD
214:,
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223:(
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210:(
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201:(
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46:.
20:)
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