1396:
1383:
1333:
901:) were introduced in denominations of 1, 3, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 rubles. In 1859 a paper credit ruble was worth about nine-tenths of a silver ruble These circulated, in various types, until the revolution, with 500 ruble notes added in 1898 and 250 and 1,000 ruble notes added in 1917. In 1915, two kinds of small change notes were issued. One, issued by the Treasury, consisted of regular style (if small) notes for 1, 2, 3, 5 and 50 kopeks. The other consisted of the designs of stamps printed onto card with text and the imperial eagle printed on the reverse. These were in denominations of 1, 2, 3, 10, 15 and 20 kopeks.
1160:
494:
837:
514:
679:
33:
45:
2147:
829:
1172:
339:
2159:
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1254:
329:
and was the higher coin until the beginning of the 18th century. Ruble coins as such did not exist till Peter the Great, when in 1704 he reformed the old monetary system and ordered mintage of a 28 g (0.90 ozt) silver ruble coin equivalent to 100 new copper kopek coins. Apart from one ruble
582:
finally reformed the old
Russian monetary system, minting a silver ruble coin of weight 28.1 g (0.90 ozt) and 72% fineness; hence 20.22 g fine silver. The decision to subdivide it primarily into 100 copper kopeks, rather than 200 Muscovite denga, made the Russian ruble the world's first
1929:
1917:
3034:
742:, 1, 2 and 5 kopeks, with silver 5, 10, 25 and 50 kopeks and 1 ruble and gold 5, although production of the 10 ruble coin ceased in 1806. Silver 20 kopeks were introduced in 1820, followed by copper 10 kopeks minted between 1830 and 1839, and copper 3 kopeks introduced in 1840.
3134:
2381:
2211:
1941:
2228:
2279:
1888:
1876:
243:
Rubles were parts of the grivna or pieces of silver with notches indicating their weight. Each grivna was divided into four parts; the name "ruble" came from the word "cut" because the silver rod weighing 1 grivna was split into four parts, which were called
375:. It may have been retained in English to avoid confusion with "rubble". In general, American, and some Canadian, authors tend to use "ruble" while other English-speaking authors use "rouble". In American English there is a tendency for older sources to use
3364:
2001:
1989:
1518:
565:
and new kopek coins from copper (old silver kopeks were left in circulation). Although around 1 million of such rubles was made, its lower weight (28–32 grams) against the nominal ruble (48 g) led to counterfeiting, speculation and inflation, and after the
3215:
3114:
3075:
3413:
1977:
1965:
1953:
1257:или кусками серебра с зарубками, означавшими их вес. Каждая гривна разделялась на четыре части; название же рубль произошло от слова «рубить», потому что прут серебра в гривну весом разрубался на четыре части, которые и назывались рублями.
3097:
867:
were introduced for 25, 50, 75 and 100 rubles, with 5 and 10 rubles added in 1787 and 200 rubles in 1819. The value of the
Assignation rubles fell relative to the coins until, in 1839, the relationship was fixed at 1 silver ruble =
3158:
3203:
3063:
3347:
3299:
766:
and 15 ruble coins were issued for a single year, as these were equal in size to the previous 5 and 10 ruble coins. The gold coinage was suspended in 1911, with the other denominations produced until the First World War.
3437:
3153:
3323:
2410:
1512:
3070:
537:
and Moscow. The weight of a denga silver coin was unstable and inflating, but by 1535, one
Novgorod denga weighed 0.68 g (0.022 ozt), the Moscow denga being a half that of the Novgorod denga. Thus one
3425:
267:), the seam that is left around a silver bullions after casting: silver was added to the cast in two steps. Therefore, the word "ruble" means "a cast with a seam". A popular theory deriving the word ruble from
3335:
3311:
3058:
2125:
1900:
2142:
256:, where both ruble and grivna referred to 204 grams (6.6 troy ounces) of silver. The casting of these pieces included some sort of cutting (the exact technology is unknown), hence the name from рубить (
3051:
3029:
3109:
3046:
1755:
3014:
1811:
1719:
3092:
1924:
1733:
3129:
2776:
2393:
617:(almost exactly equal to 1.2 g (0.039 ozt)) of pure gold, with a ratio of 15:1 for the values of the two metals. In 1828, platinum coins were introduced with 1 ruble equal to 77
3256:
3141:
2322:
2206:
1912:
3222:
3210:
1936:
1883:
2274:
2154:
1871:
3146:
3198:
2982:
2223:
882:
assignat rubles. In 1840, the State
Commercial Bank issued 3, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 ruble notes, followed by 50 ruble credit notes of the Custody Treasury and State Loan Bank.
1996:
1984:
1750:
1972:
1960:
1948:
1421:
The
Universal Cambist and Commercial Instructor, Being a Full and Accurate Treatise on the Exchanges, Monies, Weights and Measures of All Trading Nations and Their Colonies
3294:
3268:
2726:
2376:
2245:
2019:
2405:
3082:
633:
On 17 December 1885, a new standard was adopted which did not change the silver ruble but reduced the gold content to 1.161 grams, pegging the gold ruble to the
1895:
2819:
2369:
2310:
1707:
752:
In 1886, a new gold coinage was introduced consisting of 5 and 10 ruble coins. This was followed by another, in 1897. In addition to smaller 5 and 10 ruble coins,
525:
From the 14th to the 17th centuries the ruble was neither a coin nor a currency but rather a unit of weight. The most used currency was a small silver coin called
2388:
2130:
1702:
2558:
2106:
2101:
2096:
1565:
By 1880 Russian numismatists were well aware of the existence of
Constantine rubles, but their first printed description was published only in 1886 – Kalinin,
3227:
2771:
2751:
2563:
2357:
2345:
2298:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
1478:
3359:
3251:
2071:
2061:
2056:
2051:
745:
Between 1828 and 1845, platinum 3, 6 and 12 rubles were issued. In 1860, silver 15 kopeks were introduced, due to the use of this denomination (equal to 1
554:. In the 17th century, the weight of a kopek coin reduced to 0.48 g (0.015 ozt), thus one ruble was equal to 48 g (1.5 ozt) of silver.
3408:
3263:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
1714:
2317:
2650:
3009:
2966:
2934:
2721:
3432:
3004:
2977:
2972:
2949:
2796:
2746:
2340:
2293:
304:, wholesome), is known, which is a shortening of the целковый рубль ("tselkovyj ruble"), i.e., a wholesome, uncut ruble. This name persists in the
542:
consisted of 100 Novgorod or 200 Moscow dengi (68 g (2.2 ozt) of silver). As the
Novgorod denga bore the image of a rider with a spear (
3041:
2917:
2905:
2893:
2881:
2814:
2616:
2305:
2257:
2240:
191:
officially replaced the imperial ruble in 1922 and continued to be used until 1993, when it was formally replaced with the
Russian ruble in the
3420:
3318:
3306:
3244:
2700:
2670:
2645:
2479:
2364:
1768:
1738:
1315:
3342:
3239:
2695:
2583:
2352:
2252:
666:
in the early 1920s. With the founding of the Soviet Union in 1922, the
Russian ruble was replaced by the Soviet ruble. The pre-revolutionary
3330:
921:
rubles". The provisional government also had 25 and 1,000 ruble state credit notes printed in the United States but most were not issued.
3186:
2417:
2135:
2024:
1362:
796:
2484:
2866:
2840:
354:
are used in
English, depending on the author's native dialect. The earliest use recorded in English is the now completely obsolete
815:, but it was never minted in numbers, and never circulated in public. Its existence became known in 1857 in foreign publications.
2922:
2675:
2621:
2588:
1212:
3087:
1073:(code: BYN) have been the only ruble currencies in circulation that have been issued by internationally recognized countries.
383:. However, usage is not consistent and major publications are known to use both (though usually preferring one or the other).
2961:
2929:
1569:
1224:
Gross weight 433 grains, net weight 312.1 grains, hence fineness 72%. Source does not give 1704 Ukase anywhere in the book?
710: in) with a weight of 1.022 kg (2.25 lb). It is the largest copper coin ever issued (except for the Swedish
586:
The amount of silver in a ruble varied in the 18th century. Additionally, coins worth over a ruble were minted in gold and
1544:
1452:
3485:
440:
In several languages spoken in Russia and the former Soviet Union, the currency name has no etymological relation with
202:
In the past, several other countries influenced by Russia and the Soviet Union had currency units that were also named
3480:
3104:
2910:
2898:
2450:
3191:
2422:
1635:
1474:
1246:
910:
711:
3475:
473:
179:, ruble and denga were used in Russia as measurements of weight. In 1704, as a result of monetary reforms by
2871:
948:
812:
315:
Since the monetary reform of 1534, one Russian accounting ruble became equivalent to 100 silver Novgorod
248:
Others say the ruble was never part of a grivna but a synonym for it. This is attested in a 13th-century
3019:
561:
tried to carry out a monetary reform and ordered the mintage of silver one ruble coins from imported
364:
2845:
853:
1726:
1391:
682:
Catherine II Sestroretsk ruble (1771) is made of solid copper with a diameter of 77 millimetres (
280:, a measurement of weight for silver and gold used in medieval Western Europe. The weight of one
1419:
1151:
24:
19:
This article is about the currency used in various countries. For the currency of Russia, see
3385:
2445:
1806:
1602:
967:
808:
800:
249:
1359:
3490:
2218:
1435:
804:
3444:
8:
3454:
1828:
1686:
1628:
1154:
for a more comprehensive directory of past and present currencies called ruble or rouble.
1037:
849:
145:
2594:
1309:
1164:
988:
952:
918:
196:
192:
493:
3449:
2886:
2196:
2120:
1907:
1818:
1204:
1114:
1058:
1051:
1016:
864:
836:
776:
513:
215:
325:
coins. Exactly the former coin with a rider on it soon became colloquially known as
235:), "to cut, to chop, to hack", as a ruble was considered a cutout piece of a silver
231:
According to one version, the word "ruble" is derived from the Russian verb рубить (
2335:
2269:
1786:
1664:
1070:
995:
857:
543:
521:
one ruble note, obverse, stating its gold equivalence 17.424 dolya or 0.77424 gram.
477:
445:
305:
300:
263:
Another version of the word's origin is that it comes from the Russian noun рубец (
187:. The silver ruble was used until 1897 and the gold ruble was used until 1917. The
137:
101:
67:
49:
3289:
2434:
2201:
2186:
1573:
1366:
1337:
1250:
1100:
1044:
1023:
678:
579:
534:
502:
498:
391:
180:
1566:
746:
2191:
2111:
1621:
1540:
1448:
1107:
1030:
974:
841:
792:
663:
562:
518:
448:
or languages influenced by them, the ruble is often known (also officially) as
207:
184:
118:
3469:
2429:
1796:
1776:
1674:
1669:
1200:
1103:
1096:
1092:
1066:
1009:
1002:
981:
960:
659:
637:
at a rate of 1 ruble = 4 francs. This rate was revised in 1897 to 1 ruble = 2
506:
211:
141:
37:
20:
418:. Numbers ending in 5–9, 0, or 11–14 are followed by genitive plural рублей
3403:
3123:
2288:
1745:
1176:
936:
930:
634:
435:
277:
188:
149:
126:
122:
32:
3380:
3354:
2116:
1801:
1613:
1585:
715:
655:
567:
372:
368:
and probably derives from the transliteration into French used among the
44:
1243:
651:
or 0.77424 g fine gold). This ruble was worth about US$ 0.5145 in 1914.
570:
of 1662 the new monetary system was abandoned in favour of the old one.
3181:
2954:
1848:
1763:
1679:
1475:"Calculate the value of $ 100000 in 1914 – Inflation on 100000 dollars"
1388:
1329:
1082:
828:
667:
395:
913:
issued treasury notes for 20 and 40 rubles. These notes are known as "
1838:
330:
and one kopek coins other smaller and greater coins existed as well.
2598:
2504:
2181:
1644:
1196:
940:
722:
By the beginning of the 19th century, copper coins were issued for
592:
587:
558:
407:
253:
168:
106:
390:
that may be seen on the actual currency are modified according to
2331:
2171:
2066:
1208:
944:
914:
856:
was instituted to issue the government paper money. It opened in
670:
was temporarily brought back into circulation from 1922 to 1925.
406:. Numbers ending in 2, 3 or 4 (except for 12–14) are followed by
369:
338:
153:
110:
52:
of the 2009 series, the highest available nominal in circulation
40:
of the 2023 series, the highest available nominal in circulation
3374:
2540:
387:
321:
coins or smaller 200 Muscovite denga coins or even smaller 400
236:
176:
114:
613:, almost exactly equal to 18 grams) of pure silver or 27
82:
2627:
2522:
749:) in Poland, whilst, in 1869, gold 3 rubles were introduced.
317:
269:
162:
157:
76:
662:
peg was dropped and the ruble fell in value, suffering from
172:(½ denga, thus ¼ kopek) were minted until the 19th century.
1434:
based on ratio of gold content between ruble 0.77424 g vs
590:. By the end of the 18th century, the ruble was set to 4
947:, remained the sole currency of the Soviet Union, until
16:
Currency of Russia and other countries in Eastern Europe
951:
in 1991. Afterwards, it continued to be used in the 15
117:. Historically, it was the name of the currency of the
1588:, The End of the Old Order in Rural Europe, 1978, p169
1137:
394:. Numbers ending in 1 (except for 11) are followed by
160:. No kopek is currently formally subdivided, although
885:
In 1843, the Assignation Bank ceased operations, and
342:
Russian rubles – banknotes of 1,000 and 5,000 rubles.
1348:] (in Russian) (2nd ed.). Moscow: Progress.
79:
73:
533:). There were two variants of the denga, minted in
472:). Soviet banknotes had their value printed in the
156:. These currencies are subdivided into one hundred
70:
1273:
955:until it was replaced by new national currencies:
1502:(1931), Catiforis S.J. Recueil Sirey, 1934, Paris
3467:
1244:Кондратьев И. К. Седая старина Москвы. М., 1893.
904:
714:). It is 1mm larger and thicker than a standard
935:In 1917, the Russian ruble was replaced by the
1131:
1629:
1514:Catherine II. Novodel Sestroretsk Rouble 1771
896:
890:
786:
780:
696: in) and a thickness of 26 millimetres (
91:
807:. Its manufacture was being prepared at the
276:The ruble was the Russian equivalent of the
1328:
1643:
1636:
1622:
1314:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1292:
1290:
1288:
1195:Also used in the breakaway territories of
1600:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1756:Vneshtorgbank and Vneshposyltorg cheques
1110:) with an additional horizontal stroke.
835:
827:
677:
512:
492:
337:
152:, an unrecognized breakaway province of
121:(the Imperial ruble) and, later, of the
43:
31:
1538:
1381:
1296:
1285:
3468:
2143:4½% State Domestic Victory Bond (1917)
1547:from the original on 24 September 2015
1352:
1342:Этимологический словарь русского языка
1260:
1237:
1057:until 1995 in Tajikistan (replaced by
1050:until 1994 in Azerbaijan (replaced by
144:(RUB, ₽) in Russia. Additionally, the
1617:
1601:Edvinsson, Rodney (10 January 2016).
1417:
1274:Kamentseva, E.; Ustyugov, N. (1975).
299:
100:
1346:Russisches etymologisches Wörterbuch
1182:
1099:of account in Russia. It features a
770:
1455:from the original on 18 August 2014
1399:from the original on 5 October 2015
994:until 1993 in Belarus (replaced by
333:
291:In Russian, a folk name for ruble,
13:
1521:from the original on 22 April 2016
1481:from the original on 31 March 2017
1142:), the Japanese word for "ruble".
959:until 1992 in Russia (replaced by
898:gosudarstvenniye kreditniye bilety
823:
497:Five hundred ruble note featuring
429:
14:
3502:
1594:
673:
573:
488:
195:and by other currencies in other
3154:Indo-Chinese Bank of Vladivostok
1170:
1158:
943:code: SUR) which, issued by the
892:государственные кредитные билеты
550:), it later has become known as
66:
1603:"Historical Currency Converter"
1579:
1559:
1532:
1505:
1500:La Crise de la Monnaie Anglaise
1493:
1467:
1441:
1428:
1369:on "Collectors' Portal UUU.RU"
1253:In Russian: Рубли были частями
1106:(transliterated as "Er" in the
924:
791:) is a rare silver coin of the
284:was equal to the weight of one
2013:Banknotes (by value in rubles)
1411:
1375:
1322:
1218:
1189:
140:(BYN, Rbl) in Belarus and the
1:
2237:South-Western Russian Empire
1812:during Reichskommissariat era
1231:
905:Provisional Government issues
848:In 1768, during the reign of
832:25 Assignation rubles of 1769
183:, the ruble became the first
132:As of 2022, currencies named
818:
379:and more recent ones to use
221:
7:
1449:"Gold and Silver Standards"
1145:
1138:
897:
844:one ruble banknote, reverse
787:
136:in circulation include the
10:
3507:
3486:Modern obsolete currencies
1360:History of Ruble and Kopek
1299:Russkaya monetnaya sistema
1080:
1036:Turkmenistan (replaced by
928:
799:, the brother of emperors
483:
433:
226:
18:
3396:
3281:
3171:
2705:; pre-1917 name grivennik
2461:
2012:
1864:
1751:Soviet traveler's cheques
1695:
1657:
1365:26 September 2007 at the
1132:
1076:
891:
781:
547:
365:Oxford English Dictionary
273:is probably not correct.
92:
3481:Denominations (currency)
1703:Imperial silver standard
1438:23.22 grains = 1.50463 g
1304:(in Russian). Leningrad.
1302:Русская монетная система
1301:
1278:
1043:Uzbekistan (replaced by
1022:Kyrgyzstan (replaced by
1015:Kazakhstan (replaced by
854:Russian Assignation Bank
2824:; pre-1917 name poltina
2462:Coins (value in rubles)
2224:North Caucasian Emirate
2155:1918 State credit notes
1727:Alaskan parchment scrip
1609:. Stockholm University.
1418:Kelly, Patrick (1821).
1392:Etymological dictionary
1340:; Larin, B. O. (eds.).
1297:Spassky, I. G. (1970).
987:Lithuania (replaced by
860:and in Moscow in 1769.
795:bearing the profile of
2168:Communist authorities
2126:Provisional Government
1734:Imperial gold standard
1207:, as well as parts of
1165:Numismatics portal
1152:Ruble (disambiguation)
1130:, a square version of
1095:used to represent the
945:State Bank of the USSR
911:Provisional Government
845:
833:
782:константиновский рубль
719:
522:
510:
343:
246:
53:
41:
25:Ruble (disambiguation)
23:. For other uses, see
3282:Production facilities
3083:Ukrainian karbovanets
2969:(imperial after 1897)
2219:Transcaucasian (1923)
2207:Transcaucasian (1918)
1807:Ukrainian karbovanets
1607:Historical Statistics
1517:, Heritage Auctions,
1249:7 August 2020 at the
1029:Moldova (replaced by
1008:Armenia (replaced by
1001:Georgia (replaced by
973:Estonia (replaced by
968:Ukrainian karbovanets
966:Ukraine (replaced by
839:
831:
809:Saint Petersburg Mint
788:konstantinovsky rubl'
681:
654:With the outbreak of
516:
496:
480:of the Soviet Union.
341:
250:birch bark manuscript
241:
47:
35:
3476:Currencies of Russia
2377:Far Eastern Republic
1605:. Economic history.
1572:27 July 2013 at the
1436:United States dollar
1276:Russkaya metrologiya
1069:(code: RUB) and the
980:Latvia (replaced by
630:(3.451 grams).
362:is preferred by the
301:[tsɨlˈkovɨj]
3172:Monetary surrogates
2406:Olonets Governorate
1829:Turkmenistani manat
1687:Transnistrian ruble
1541:"Currency of Three"
1477:. DollarTimes.com.
1038:Turkmenistani manat
850:Catherine the Great
813:Interregnum of 1825
346:Both the spellings
146:Transnistrian ruble
1543:. Pjsymes.com.au.
1279:Русская метрология
1213:Russian occupation
989:Lithuanian talonas
953:Post-Soviet states
887:state credit notes
865:Assignation rubles
846:
834:
720:
583:decimal currency.
557:In 1654–1655 tsar
523:
511:
344:
197:post-Soviet states
193:Russian Federation
175:Historically, the
54:
42:
3463:
3462:
3450:Anton Vasyutinsky
3445:Günther Reindorff
3409:Sergei Gruzenberg
3105:Azerbaijani manat
3015:Ruble-złoty coins
2993:ruble - 100 franc
2121:Russian Civil War
2112:Hyperinflationary
1819:Azerbaijani manat
1696:Historical rubles
1451:. Cyberussr.com.
1358:Sergey Khalatov.
1338:Trubachyov, O. N.
1183:Explanatory notes
1115:CJK Compatibility
1059:Tajikistani ruble
1052:Azerbaijani manat
1017:Kazakhstani tenge
811:during the brief
777:Constantine ruble
771:Constantine ruble
216:Tajikistani ruble
50:Belarusian rubles
3498:
3441:
3429:
3417:
3386:Saint Petersburg
3368:
3351:
3339:
3327:
3315:
3303:
3272:
3260:
3248:
3231:
3219:
3207:
3195:
3162:
3150:
3138:
3118:
3101:
3079:
3067:
3055:
3038:
3023:
3001:
2992:
2991:
2987:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2926:
2914:
2902:
2875:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2849:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2823:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2780:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2755:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2730:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2704:
2692:
2691:
2687:
2679:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2654:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2626:; pre-1917 name
2625:
2613:
2612:
2608:
2592:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2567:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2519:
2518:
2514:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2488:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2426:
2414:
2397:
2385:
2373:
2361:
2349:
2336:Russian Far East
2326:
2314:
2302:
2283:
2266:
2249:
2232:
2215:
2163:
2151:
2139:
2028:
2005:
1993:
1981:
1969:
1957:
1945:
1933:
1921:
1904:
1892:
1880:
1787:Belarusian ruble
1772:
1742:
1723:
1711:
1665:Belarusian ruble
1638:
1631:
1624:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1445:
1439:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1313:
1305:
1294:
1283:
1282:
1271:
1258:
1241:
1225:
1222:
1216:
1193:
1177:Money portal
1175:
1174:
1173:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1087:The ruble sign “
1071:Belarusian ruble
1065:Since 2000, the
996:Belarusian ruble
900:
894:
893:
881:
880:
876:
873:
858:Saint Petersburg
790:
784:
783:
765:
764:
760:
757:
741:
740:
736:
731:
730:
726:
709:
708:
704:
701:
695:
694:
690:
687:
646:
645:
641:
626:
625:
621:
609:
608:
604:
549:
446:Turkic languages
444:. Especially in
334:English spelling
308:word for ruble,
303:
298:
206:, including the
185:decimal currency
138:Belarusian ruble
104:
99:
95:
94:
89:
88:
85:
84:
81:
78:
75:
72:
3506:
3505:
3501:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3466:
3465:
3464:
3459:
3435:
3423:
3411:
3392:
3362:
3345:
3333:
3321:
3309:
3297:
3277:
3266:
3254:
3242:
3225:
3213:
3201:
3189:
3187:Nizhny Novgorod
3167:
3156:
3144:
3132:
3112:
3095:
3073:
3061:
3049:
3032:
3017:
2995:
2989:
2985:
2984:
2941:
2937:
2936:
2920:
2908:
2896:
2869:
2860:
2856:
2855:
2843:
2834:
2830:
2829:
2817:
2808:
2804:
2803:
2790:
2786:
2785:
2774:
2765:
2761:
2760:
2749:
2740:
2736:
2735:
2724:
2715:
2711:
2710:
2698:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2673:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2648:
2639:
2635:
2634:
2619:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2586:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2561:
2552:
2548:
2547:
2534:
2530:
2529:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2498:
2494:
2493:
2482:
2473:
2469:
2468:
2457:
2435:German ostrubel
2420:
2418:Northern Oblast
2408:
2391:
2379:
2367:
2355:
2343:
2320:
2308:
2296:
2277:
2260:
2243:
2226:
2209:
2157:
2145:
2133:
2022:
2008:
1999:
1987:
1975:
1963:
1951:
1939:
1927:
1915:
1898:
1886:
1874:
1860:
1766:
1736:
1717:
1705:
1691:
1653:
1642:
1597:
1592:
1584:
1580:
1574:Wayback Machine
1564:
1560:
1550:
1548:
1537:
1533:
1524:
1522:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1498:
1494:
1484:
1482:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1458:
1456:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1433:
1429:
1416:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1367:Wayback Machine
1357:
1353:
1327:
1323:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1295:
1286:
1280:
1272:
1261:
1251:Wayback Machine
1242:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1171:
1169:
1159:
1157:
1148:
1127:
1124:
1119:
1118:
1117:block contains
1101:Cyrillic letter
1085:
1079:
1045:Uzbekistani sum
1024:Kyrgyzstani som
933:
927:
907:
878:
874:
871:
869:
826:
824:Imperial issues
821:
773:
762:
758:
755:
753:
738:
734:
733:
728:
724:
723:
706:
702:
699:
697:
692:
688:
685:
683:
676:
647:francs (17.424
643:
639:
638:
623:
619:
618:
606:
602:
601:
580:Peter the Great
576:
563:joachimsthalers
503:personification
499:Peter the Great
491:
486:
438:
432:
430:Other languages
410:singular рубля
398:singular рубль
392:Russian grammar
336:
296:
229:
224:
181:Peter the Great
102:[rublʲ]
97:
90:; Russian:
69:
65:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3504:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3455:Rihards Zariņš
3452:
3447:
3442:
3433:Lidia Mayorova
3430:
3418:
3406:
3400:
3398:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3383:
3371:
3370:
3369:
3357:
3352:
3340:
3328:
3316:
3304:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3273:
3261:
3249:
3236:Other periods
3234:
3233:
3232:
3220:
3208:
3196:
3184:
3175:
3173:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3164:
3163:
3151:
3139:
3130:Russian Empire
3126:and specimens
3121:
3120:
3119:
3107:
3102:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3068:
3056:
3044:
3039:
3030:Russian Empire
3026:Commemorative
3024:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2964:
2959:
2958:
2957:
2947:
2932:
2927:
2915:
2903:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2797:Thirty kopecks
2783:
2782:
2781:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2632:
2631:
2630:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2545:
2544:
2543:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2509:
2508:
2507:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2415:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2386:
2374:
2362:
2350:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2315:
2303:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2272:
2267:
2255:
2250:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2221:
2216:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2152:
2140:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
1994:
1982:
1970:
1958:
1946:
1934:
1922:
1910:
1905:
1893:
1881:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1846:
1836:
1826:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1784:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1743:
1731:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1667:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1654:
1641:
1640:
1633:
1626:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1596:
1595:External links
1593:
1591:
1590:
1578:
1558:
1531:
1504:
1492:
1466:
1440:
1427:
1410:
1374:
1351:
1332:(1986–1987) .
1321:
1284:
1259:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1217:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1167:
1155:
1147:
1144:
1128:SQUARE RUUBURU
1108:Latin alphabet
1081:Main article:
1078:
1075:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1048:
1041:
1034:
1031:Moldovan cupon
1027:
1020:
1013:
1006:
999:
992:
985:
978:
975:Estonian kroon
971:
964:
929:Main article:
926:
923:
906:
903:
842:Russian Empire
825:
822:
820:
817:
793:Russian Empire
772:
769:
675:
674:Russia's coins
672:
664:hyperinflation
575:
574:Russian Empire
572:
519:Russian Empire
490:
489:Imperial ruble
487:
485:
482:
464:(from Russian
431:
428:
335:
332:
228:
225:
223:
220:
208:Armenian ruble
166:(½ kopek) and
119:Russian Empire
38:Russian rubles
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3503:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3439:
3434:
3431:
3427:
3422:
3419:
3415:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3366:
3361:
3360:Yekatirenburg
3358:
3356:
3353:
3349:
3344:
3341:
3337:
3332:
3329:
3325:
3320:
3317:
3313:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3280:
3270:
3265:
3262:
3258:
3253:
3250:
3246:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3229:
3224:
3221:
3217:
3212:
3209:
3205:
3200:
3197:
3193:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3170:
3160:
3155:
3152:
3148:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3124:Pattern coins
3122:
3116:
3111:
3110:Turkmen manat
3108:
3106:
3103:
3099:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3072:
3069:
3065:
3060:
3057:
3053:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3036:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3021:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
2999:
2994:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2919:
2916:
2912:
2907:
2904:
2900:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2873:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2854:
2847:
2842:
2839:
2838:
2828:
2821:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2802:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2784:
2778:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2759:
2753:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2734:
2728:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2709:
2702:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2683:
2677:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2658:
2652:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2633:
2629:
2623:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2590:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2571:
2565:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2546:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2510:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2492:
2486:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2452:
2451:Transnistrian
2449:
2447:
2444:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2430:Latvian ruble
2428:
2424:
2419:
2416:
2412:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2395:
2390:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2351:
2347:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2324:
2319:
2316:
2312:
2307:
2304:
2300:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2287:
2281:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2264:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2230:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2161:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2144:
2141:
2137:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1998:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1983:
1979:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1962:
1959:
1955:
1950:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1902:
1897:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1865:Ruble reforms
1863:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1797:Latvian ruble
1795:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1778:
1777:Russian ruble
1775:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1744:
1740:
1735:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1715:Polish rubles
1713:
1712:
1709:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1670:Russian ruble
1668:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1639:
1634:
1632:
1627:
1625:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1608:
1604:
1599:
1598:
1587:
1582:
1575:
1571:
1568:
1562:
1546:
1542:
1539:Peter Symes.
1535:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1508:
1501:
1496:
1480:
1476:
1470:
1454:
1450:
1444:
1437:
1431:
1423:
1422:
1414:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1385:
1382:Vasmer, Max.
1378:
1368:
1364:
1361:
1355:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1325:
1317:
1311:
1300:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1281:(in Russian).
1277:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1221:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1201:South Ossetia
1198:
1192:
1188:
1178:
1168:
1166:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1143:
1140:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1097:monetary unit
1094:
1093:currency sign
1090:
1084:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1067:Russian ruble
1060:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1010:Armenian dram
1007:
1004:
1003:Georgian lari
1000:
997:
993:
990:
986:
983:
982:Latvian ruble
979:
976:
972:
969:
965:
962:
961:Russian ruble
958:
957:
956:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
932:
922:
920:
916:
912:
909:In 1917, the
902:
899:
888:
883:
866:
861:
859:
855:
851:
843:
838:
830:
816:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
789:
778:
768:
750:
748:
743:
717:
713:
680:
671:
669:
665:
661:
660:gold standard
657:
652:
650:
636:
631:
629:
616:
612:
599:
595:
594:
589:
584:
581:
571:
569:
564:
560:
555:
553:
548:копьё, kop’yo
545:
541:
540:account ruble
536:
532:
528:
520:
515:
508:
507:Mother Russia
504:
500:
495:
481:
479:
475:
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467:
463:
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437:
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245:
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238:
234:
219:
217:
213:
212:Latvian ruble
209:
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190:
186:
182:
178:
173:
171:
170:
165:
164:
159:
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143:
142:Russian ruble
139:
135:
130:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
103:
87:
63:
59:
51:
46:
39:
34:
30:
26:
22:
21:Russian ruble
3421:Igor Krylkov
3404:Ivan Dubasov
3373:
3252:Soviet co-op
3071:Transnistria
2876:(96 kopecks)
2850:(64 kopecks)
2480:polupolushka
2289:Central Asia
2131:Liberty Bond
1908:Assignations
1852:
1842:
1832:
1822:
1790:
1780:
1762:Successors (
1746:Soviet ruble
1649:
1648:
1606:
1581:
1561:
1549:. Retrieved
1534:
1523:, retrieved
1513:
1507:
1499:
1495:
1483:. Retrieved
1469:
1457:. Retrieved
1443:
1430:
1420:
1413:
1401:. Retrieved
1387:
1377:
1371:(in Russian)
1354:
1345:
1341:
1324:
1298:
1275:
1239:
1220:
1191:
1113:The Unicode
1112:
1088:
1086:
1064:
937:Soviet ruble
934:
931:Soviet ruble
925:Soviet ruble
908:
886:
884:
862:
847:
774:
751:
744:
721:
653:
648:
635:French franc
632:
627:
614:
610:
597:
591:
585:
577:
556:
551:
539:
530:
526:
524:
478:15 republics
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
441:
439:
436:Soviet ruble
423:
419:
415:
411:
403:
399:
386:The Russian
385:
380:
376:
363:
359:
355:
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347:
345:
326:
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275:
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264:
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257:
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232:
230:
203:
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189:Soviet ruble
174:
167:
161:
150:Transnistria
133:
131:
127:Soviet ruble
123:Soviet Union
61:
57:
55:
29:
3491:Numismatics
3436: [
3424: [
3412: [
3363: [
3346: [
3334: [
3322: [
3310: [
3298: [
3288:Historical
3267: [
3264:Spitzbergen
3255: [
3243: [
3226: [
3214: [
3202: [
3190: [
3157: [
3145: [
3133: [
3113: [
3096: [
3074: [
3062: [
3050: [
3033: [
3018: [
2996: [
2921: [
2909: [
2897: [
2887:Constantine
2870: [
2844: [
2818: [
2775: [
2750: [
2725: [
2699: [
2674: [
2649: [
2620: [
2587: [
2562: [
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2421: [
2409: [
2392: [
2380: [
2368: [
2356: [
2344: [
2321: [
2309: [
2297: [
2278: [
2261: [
2253:Odesa ruble
2244: [
2227: [
2210: [
2197:Azerbaijani
2158: [
2146: [
2134: [
2117:World War I
2107:5000 rubles
2102:2000 rubles
2097:1000 rubles
2023: [
2000: [
1988: [
1976: [
1964: [
1952: [
1940: [
1928: [
1916: [
1899: [
1887: [
1875: [
1802:Tajik ruble
1767: [
1737: [
1718: [
1706: [
1658:Circulating
1586:Jerome Blum
1525:1 September
1330:Vasmer, Max
949:its breakup
801:Alexander I
797:Constantine
716:hockey puck
712:plate money
656:World War I
568:Copper Riot
373:aristocracy
358:. The form
295:(целковый,
148:is used in
3470:Categories
3182:Ural franc
3088:Kyrgyz som
3059:Belarusian
3010:100 rubles
2955:Chervonets
2815:50 kopecks
2772:25 kopecks
2747:20 kopecks
2722:15 kopecks
2696:10 kopecks
2446:Belarusian
2318:Turkestani
2270:Makhnovist
2092:500 rubles
2087:250 rubles
2082:200 rubles
2077:100 rubles
2020:Fractional
1849:Kyrgyz som
1764:ruble zone
1645:Currencies
1232:References
1083:Ruble sign
889:(Russian:
805:Nicholas I
779:(Russian:
668:Chervonetz
468:, meaning
434:See also:
414:, копейки
402:, копейка
396:nominative
3397:Designers
3223:Khakassia
3211:Tatarstan
3093:Uzbek som
3005:50 rubles
2978:25 rubles
2973:20 rubles
2967:15 rubles
2962:12 rubles
2950:10 rubles
2671:5 kopecks
2646:4 kopecks
2617:3 kopecks
2584:2 kopecks
2178:Regional
2072:50 rubles
2067:40 rubles
2062:25 rubles
2057:20 rubles
2052:10 rubles
1937:1922—1924
1925:1895-1897
1913:1839-1843
1896:1701-1711
1884:1654-1663
1839:Uzbek som
1551:30 August
1485:30 August
1459:30 August
1310:cite book
863:In 1769,
819:Banknotes
474:languages
456:(meaning
422:, копеек
293:tselkovyj
222:Etymology
105:) is the
2930:6 rubles
2918:5 rubles
2906:3 rubles
2894:2 rubles
2595:pre-1917
2505:polushka
2341:Siberian
2294:Bukharan
2202:Georgian
2192:Armenian
2187:Georgian
2182:Caucasus
2047:5 rubles
2042:3 rubles
2037:2 rubles
1570:Archived
1545:Archived
1519:archived
1479:Archived
1453:Archived
1397:Archived
1363:Archived
1247:Archived
1197:Abkhazia
1146:See also
1125:㍔
941:ISO 4217
919:Kerensky
611:zolotnik
593:zolotnik
588:platinum
578:In 1704
559:Alexis I
535:Novgorod
408:genitive
323:polushka
310:целковой
254:Novgorod
169:polushka
109:unit of
107:currency
3319:Kolpino
3307:Anninsk
3199:Karelia
3047:Russian
2988:⁄
2940:⁄
2882:1 ruble
2867:Livonez
2859:⁄
2841:Yefimok
2833:⁄
2807:⁄
2789:⁄
2764:⁄
2739:⁄
2714:⁄
2688:⁄
2663:⁄
2638:⁄
2609:⁄
2576:⁄
2551:⁄
2533:⁄
2515:⁄
2497:⁄
2472:⁄
2389:Yakutia
2332:Siberia
2306:Khorezm
2275:Vrangel
2258:Yuzovka
2241:Armavir
2172:Sovznak
2032:1 ruble
1853:current
1843:current
1833:current
1823:current
1791:current
1781:current
1675:digital
1403:29 July
1384:"Рубль"
1334:"Рубль"
1209:Ukraine
1205:Georgia
1091:” is a
915:Kerenki
877:⁄
761:⁄
737:⁄
727:⁄
705:⁄
691:⁄
642:⁄
622:⁄
605:⁄
544:Russian
484:History
476:of all
424:kopeyek
416:kopeyki
404:kopeyka
388:plurals
370:Tsarist
306:Mordvin
244:rubles.
227:Origins
154:Moldova
111:Belarus
3381:Moscow
3375:Goznak
3355:Warsaw
3343:Tauric
3295:Moscow
3178:1990s
3042:Soviet
2945:rubles
2541:kopeck
2402:Other
2365:Harbin
1647:named
1389:Vasmer
1255:гривны
1211:under
1139:rūburu
1122:
1120:U+3354
1077:Symbol
1054:); and
917:" or "
852:, the
658:, the
509:, 1912
501:and a
466:moneta
460:), or
420:rubley
412:rublya
377:rouble
360:rouble
356:robble
352:rouble
286:grivna
265:rubets
237:grivna
177:grivna
158:kopeks
115:Russia
62:rouble
36:5,000
3440:]
3428:]
3416:]
3367:]
3350:]
3338:]
3331:Suzun
3326:]
3314:]
3302:]
3290:mints
3271:]
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3240:Gulag
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2628:altyn
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2599:grosh
2597:name
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2523:denga
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2004:]
1992:]
1980:]
1968:]
1956:]
1944:]
1932:]
1920:]
1903:]
1891:]
1879:]
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1741:]
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1650:ruble
1344:[
1336:. In
840:1898
747:złoty
649:dolya
628:dolya
615:dolya
600:(or 4
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529:(pl.
527:denga
517:1898
462:manat
442:ruble
381:ruble
348:ruble
327:kopek
318:denga
282:ruble
270:rupee
258:rubit
252:from
233:rubit
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163:denga
134:ruble
125:(the
93:рубль
58:ruble
3142:USSR
2559:para
2334:and
2119:and
1997:1998
1985:1993
1973:1991
1961:1961
1949:1947
1872:1535
1680:sign
1553:2015
1527:2015
1487:2015
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1405:2015
1316:link
1199:and
1133:ルーブル
803:and
775:The
470:coin
458:pure
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278:mark
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