27:
296:
515:
304:
39:
374:
Finally in possession of Run, the Dutch proceeded to kill or enslave all adult men, exile the women and children and chop down every nutmeg tree on the island to prevent the
English from retaking it. The VOC only allowed cattle to roam free on Run to provide food for the other islands. It was not
370:
as sovereign of the island. The Dutch were outraged over this threat to their monopoly on the extremely profitable spice trade. Courthope fortified the island by erecting forts to overlook approaches from the east, but lost two ships to mutiny and sinking by the Dutch, when they laid siege to the
286:
Run is the westernmost island of the Banda
Islands, with a length of 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) and width of 1 kilometre (0.62 mi). The neighbouring island of Pulau Ay is about 7 km east and the small islet of Pulau Naijalaka is 0.7 km north.
347:, first reached the island in 1603 and developed good contacts with the inhabitants. A small settlement was first attempted on the islet of Pulau Naijalaka off the north end of Pulau Rhun.
371:
island. Courthope and 39 European defenders with their native allies held off the Dutch for 1540 days; however, after his death in a Dutch attack in 1620, the
English departed the island.
503:
is one of the smaller airports in
Indonesia, used mainly by administrative staff or by tourists who visit Banda Islands for the snorkeling and diving opportunities in the region.
69:
336:
375:
until 1638 that the
English tried to access Run again, after which VOC officials annually visited the island to check if they had secretly re-established themselves.
825:
702:
840:
817:
320:
270:". In the 17th century, the tiny island of Run was of great economic importance because of the value of the spices it produced:
740:
437:
606:
580:
642:
668:
845:
800:
712:
855:
860:
760:
425:. In return, Run was formally abandoned to the Dutch. The exchange of Manhattan for Run is historically known as
707:
472:
group which had a total population of 20,924 at the 2020 census. The main town of the group is Banda Naira on
865:
441:
328:
267:
250:
In 1616, fearing the Dutch, the natives of the island pledged their allegiance to the employees of
English
379:
359:
452:, Singapore and other British colonies in 1817 led to the decline of the Dutch supremacy in the
850:
481:
402:
394:
244:
146:
811:
414:
383:
631:
Loth, Vincent C. (1995). "Pioneers and
Perkeniers: The Banda Islands in the 17th Century".
367:
8:
422:
410:
355:
332:
484:(population 423,094 at the 2020 census). The Regency is in turn part of the province of
26:
673:
633:
500:
387:
363:
358:
and 1st mate
Zachary Barnett Duncan reached Run to defend it against the claims of the
316:
251:
796:
746:
736:
725:
538:
533:
485:
457:
187:
136:
646:
557:
The Spice Trail: 2, Nutmeg and Cloves (spelt Rhun on the map and also in subtitles)
520:
790:
433:
324:
295:
610:
584:
398:
259:
104:
834:
732:
489:
469:
418:
340:
228:
84:
71:
750:
720:
664:
493:
275:
528:
473:
453:
312:
488:(population 1,848,923 at the 2020 census), the capital city of which is
476:
Island. Administratively, Run Island is included in the Banda
District (
761:"Manhattan or Pulau Rhun? In 1667, Nutmeg Made the Choice a No-Brainer"
191:
650:
786:
758:
Paddock, Richard C.; Suhartono, Muktita; Laula, Nyimas (2024-02-10).
406:
263:
255:
236:
179:
810:
460:
became
Indonesia), but nutmeg trees are still growing on Run today.
303:
232:
38:
449:
266:
is to British constitutional history, so the island of Run is to
254:, who accepted it on behalf of the Crown. According to historian
227:
is "island" in Indonesian) is one of the smallest islands of the
57:
445:
417:), had occupied in 1664, renaming the city on that island from
271:
362:(VOC). A contract with the inhabitants was signed, accepting
499:
Banda Naira is connected by sea and air transport to Ambon.
344:
432:
The Dutch monopoly on nutmeg and mace lasted up till the
757:
510:
456:. Dutch control of the island ended in 1949 (as the
759:
724:
405:to the status quo: the English kept the island of
832:
560:
386:(1652–1654), Run should have been returned to
258:who considers Pulo Run as the genesis of the
663:
480:) which is one of 18 districts within the
37:
25:
841:1616 establishments in the British Empire
700:
598:
203:61.01.09.2010 Pulau Rhun 13.16 1,572
572:
302:
294:
239:. It is located within Banda District (
833:
719:
687:Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
669:"What Nutmeg Can Tell Us About Nafta"
409:, which the Duke of York (the future
821:. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). 1911.
785:
703:"The Spice Trade's Forgotten Island"
657:
630:
604:
578:
566:
114:13.16 km (5.08 sq mi)
43:Run in the west of the Banda Islands
16:Island in Maluku Province, Indonesia
13:
826:The Spice Traders Forgotten Island
701:Dotschkal, Janna (June 22, 2015).
694:
444:. The transfer of nutmeg trees to
436:; when in 1810 the British led by
14:
877:
779:
731:(reissue, illustrated ed.).
463:
401:of the Netherlands agreed in the
513:
681:
643:University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
624:
609:. Timelines.ws. Archived from
583:. Timelines.ws. Archived from
551:
1:
544:
397:(1665–1667), England and the
795:. HarperCollins Publishers.
299:Map of Run Island dated 1623
281:
7:
506:
169:119.5/km (309.5/sq mi)
10:
882:
468:Run Island is part of the
442:captured the Spice islands
317:English East India Company
311:During the history of the
290:
231:, which are a part of the
178:
173:
165:
157:
152:
142:
132:
123:
118:
110:
100:
85:4.5571861°S 129.6837861°E
63:
53:
48:
36:
24:
846:History of New York City
360:Dutch East India Company
268:British imperial history
856:Former English colonies
818:Encyclopædia Britannica
90:-4.5571861; 129.6837861
861:Central Maluku Regency
792:The Honourable Company
605:Ratnikas, Algirdas J.
579:Ratnikas, Algirdas J.
482:Central Maluku Regency
427:The Manhattan Transfer
395:Second Anglo-Dutch War
308:
300:
245:Central Maluku Regency
174:Additional information
812:"Banda Islands"
667:(December 30, 2016).
384:First Anglo-Dutch War
380:Treaty of Westminster
306:
298:
866:History of Manhattan
607:"Timeline Indonesia"
581:"Timeline Indonesia"
368:James VI of Scotland
262:: "As the island of
708:National Geographic
356:Nathaniel Courthope
333:Sir Henry Middleton
81: /
31:A view of the coast
21:
766:The New York Times
727:Nathaniel's Nutmeg
674:The New York Times
501:Bandanaira airport
364:James I of England
354:25, 1616, Captain
309:
301:
252:East India Company
19:
742:978-0-14-029260-2
715:on June 23, 2015.
539:Bantam Presidency
534:British Bencoolen
458:Dutch East Indies
378:According to the
321:second expedition
315:, sailors of the
307:Pulau Run c. 1790
201:
200:
873:
822:
814:
806:
775:
773:
772:
763:
754:
730:
716:
711:. Archived from
688:
685:
679:
678:
661:
655:
654:
628:
622:
621:
619:
618:
602:
596:
595:
593:
592:
587:on July 10, 2010
576:
570:
564:
558:
555:
523:
521:Indonesia portal
518:
517:
516:
399:United Provinces
353:
335:and his brother
161:1,572 (mid 2022)
96:
95:
93:
92:
91:
86:
82:
79:
78:
77:
74:
41:
29:
22:
18:
881:
880:
876:
875:
874:
872:
871:
870:
831:
830:
809:
803:
782:
770:
768:
743:
697:
695:Further reading
692:
691:
686:
682:
662:
658:
629:
625:
616:
614:
613:on 10 July 2010
603:
599:
590:
588:
577:
573:
565:
561:
556:
552:
547:
519:
514:
512:
509:
466:
434:Napoleonic Wars
403:Treaty of Breda
351:
325:James Lancaster
293:
284:
207:(also known as
197:
128:
89:
87:
83:
80:
75:
72:
70:
68:
67:
44:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
879:
869:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
829:
828:
823:
807:
801:
781:
780:External links
778:
777:
776:
755:
741:
717:
696:
693:
690:
689:
680:
656:
623:
597:
571:
559:
549:
548:
546:
543:
542:
541:
536:
531:
525:
524:
508:
505:
465:
464:Administration
462:
339:who stayed in
292:
289:
283:
280:
260:British Empire
199:
198:
196:
195:
184:
182:
176:
175:
171:
170:
167:
163:
162:
159:
155:
154:
150:
149:
147:Central Maluku
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
121:
120:
119:Administration
116:
115:
112:
108:
107:
105:Maluku Islands
102:
98:
97:
76:129°41′01.63″E
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
46:
45:
42:
34:
33:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
878:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
851:Banda Islands
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
838:
836:
827:
824:
820:
819:
813:
808:
804:
802:9780007395545
798:
794:
793:
788:
784:
783:
767:
762:
756:
752:
748:
744:
738:
734:
733:Penguin Books
729:
728:
722:
721:Milton, Giles
718:
714:
710:
709:
704:
699:
698:
684:
676:
675:
670:
666:
660:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
635:
627:
612:
608:
601:
586:
582:
575:
568:
563:
554:
550:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
526:
522:
511:
504:
502:
497:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
470:Banda Islands
461:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
419:New Amsterdam
416:
413:, brother of
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
391:
389:
385:
381:
376:
372:
369:
365:
361:
357:
348:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
305:
297:
288:
279:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
229:Banda Islands
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
193:
189:
186:
185:
183:
181:
177:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
151:
148:
145:
141:
138:
135:
131:
127:
122:
117:
113:
109:
106:
103:
99:
94:
66:
62:
59:
56:
52:
47:
40:
35:
28:
23:
816:
791:
769:. Retrieved
765:
726:
713:the original
706:
683:
672:
665:Amitav Ghosh
659:
641:. Honolulu:
638:
632:
626:
615:. Retrieved
611:the original
600:
589:. Retrieved
585:the original
574:
569:, p. 1.
562:
553:
498:
494:Ambon Island
477:
467:
440:invaded and
438:Captain Cole
431:
426:
392:
377:
373:
349:
310:
285:
249:
240:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
202:
166:Pop. density
153:Demographics
125:
73:4°33′25.87″S
529:Banda Neira
474:Banda Naira
454:spice trade
382:ending the
350:On December
313:spice trade
101:Archipelago
88: /
64:Coordinates
835:Categories
787:Keay, John
771:2024-08-20
651:10125/4207
617:2010-08-12
591:2010-08-12
545:References
415:Charles II
393:After the
329:John Davis
158:Population
567:Keay 2010
478:kecamatan
407:Manhattan
282:Geography
264:Runnymede
256:John Keay
241:kecamatan
237:Indonesia
209:Pulau Run
192:UTC+09:00
180:Time zone
126:Indonesia
49:Geography
789:(2010).
751:44871451
723:(1999).
634:Cakalele
507:See also
423:New York
411:James II
233:Moluccas
217:Puloroon
213:Pulo Run
133:Province
54:Location
450:Grenada
388:England
319:of the
291:History
143:Regency
58:Oceania
799:
749:
739:
645:: 19.
486:Maluku
446:Ceylon
352:
341:Bantam
272:nutmeg
137:Maluku
490:Ambon
243:) in
225:pulau
219:, or
797:ISBN
747:OCLC
737:ISBN
345:Java
337:John
276:mace
274:and
221:Rhun
188:IEST
111:Area
647:hdl
492:on
421:to
343:on
323:of
205:Run
20:Run
837::
815:.
764:.
745:.
735:.
705:.
671:.
637:.
496:.
448:,
429:.
390:.
331:,
327:,
278:.
247:.
235:,
223:–
215:,
211:,
805:.
774:.
753:.
677:.
653:.
649::
639:6
620:.
594:.
366:/
194:)
190:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
