Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird

988: 504: 909: 896: 1045: 1058: 886:, autopilot, and manual control inputs would attempt to regain controlled flight, but often extreme yaw would reduce airflow in the opposite engine and stimulate "sympathetic stalls". This generated a rapid counter-yawing, often coupled with loud "banging" noises, and a rough ride during which crews' helmets would sometimes strike their cockpit canopies. One response to a single unstart was unstarting both inlets to prevent yawing, then restarting them both. After wind tunnel testing and computer modeling by NASA Dryden test center, Lockheed installed an electronic control to detect unstart conditions and perform this reset action without pilot intervention. During troubleshooting of the unstart issue, NASA also discovered the vortices from the nose chines were entering the engine and interfering with engine efficiency. NASA developed a computer to control the engine bypass doors which countered this issue and improved efficiency. Beginning in 1980, the analog inlet control system was replaced by a digital system, Digital Automatic Flight and Inlet Control System (DAFICS), which reduced unstart instances. 853: 1087: 1001: 1759:, which the U-2 had been upgraded to carry. This meant that much of the SR-71's imagery and radar data could not be used in real time, but had to wait until the aircraft returned to base. This lack of immediate real-time capability was used as one of the justifications to close down the program. The counterargument was that the longer the SR-71 was not upgraded as aggressively as it ought to have been, the more people could say that it was obsolescent, which was in their interest as champions of other programs (a self-fulfilling bias). Attempts to add a datalink to the SR-71 were stymied early on by the same factions in the Pentagon and Congress who were already set on the program's demise, even in the early 1980s. These same factions also forced expensive sensor upgrades to the SR-71, which did little to increase its mission capabilities, but could be used as justification for complaining about the cost of the program. 1014: 827: 974:

Robert Abernethy and are explained in his patent, "Recover Bleed Air Turbojet". His solution was to 1) incorporate six air-bleed tubes, prominent on the outside of the engine, to transfer 20% of the compressor air to the afterburner, and 2) to modify the inlet guide vanes with a 2-position, trailing edge flap. The compressor bleed enabled the compressor to operate more efficiently and with the resulting increase in engine airflow matched the inlet design flow with an installed thrust increase of 47%. A continuous turbine temperature of 2,000F was enabled with air-cooled 1st stage turbine vane and blades. Continuous operation of maximum afterburning was enabled by passing relatively cool air from the compressor along the inner surface of the duct and nozzle. Ceramic thermal barrier coatings were also used.

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half the air approaching the capture area had to be spilled at low supersonic speeds and the amount reduced as the design speed was approached because the inlet airflow had been designed to match the engine demand at that speed and the chosen design point ambient temperature. At this speed the spike shock touched the cowl lip and there was minimal spillage (with its attendant drag) as shown by Campbell. The inlet and engine matching was also shown by Brown who emphasized the benefit of increased engine airflow at higher Mach numbers that came with the introduction of the bleed bypass cycle. These two authors show the disparity between inlet and engine for the Blackbird in terms of airflow and it is further explained in more general terms by Oates.

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described in his patent "Variable Area Exhaust Nozzle". In this description the nozzle is an integral part of the engine (as it was in the contemporary Mach 3 General Electric YJ93. For the Blackbird powerplant the nozzle was more efficient structurally (lighter) by incorporating it as part of the airframe because it carried fin and wing loads through the ejector shroud. The nozzle used secondary air from two sources, the inlet cowl boundary layer and rear bypass from immediately in front of the compressor. It used external flow on the nacelle through the tertiary blow-in doors until ram closed them at Mach 1.5. Only secondary air was used at higher speeds with the blow-in doors closed.

852: 515: 3 with a crew of two in tandem cockpits. "It was extremely important for the pilot and the reconnaissance systems officer (RSO) to work well together as a crew" with the RSO operating the surveillance systems while navigating the mission flight path. The SR-71 was designed with the smallest radar cross-section that Lockheed could achieve, an early attempt at stealth design. Aircraft were painted black. This color radiated heat from the surface more effectively than the bare metal, reducing the temperature of the skin and thermal stresses on the airframe. The appearance of the painted aircraft gave it the nickname "Blackbird". 1302: 987: 922: 1075: 1057: 870:

When operating as an efficient supersonic compressor (known as started), supersonic diffusion takes place in front of the cowl and internally in a converging passage as far as a terminal shock where the passage area starts increasing and subsonic diffusion takes place. The inlet may also operate very inefficiently if the terminal shock is not held in position by a control system. In this instance, if the shock moves forward of the minimum area (throat) it will be in an unstable position and shoots forward in an instant to a stable position outside the cowl (known as unstarted).

370:, head of Lockheed's Skunk Works unit in Burbank, California. The work on project Archangel began in the second quarter of 1958, with aim of flying higher and faster than the U-2. Of 11 successive designs drafted in a span of 10 months, "A-10" was the front-runner. Despite this, however, its shape made it vulnerable to radar detection. After a meeting with the CIA in March 1959, the design was modified to have a 90% reduction in radar cross-section. The CIA approved a US$ 96 million (~$ 758 million in 2023) contract for Skunk Works to build a dozen spy planes, named " 874:

spike boundary layer bleed slots where normal shock is located, 3) cowl boundary layer bleed 'shock trap' entrance, 4) streamlined bodies known as 'mice' in subsonic flow, 5) forward bypass bleed ports between each of the 'mice', 6) rear bypass ring, 7) louvres on external surface for spike boundary layer overboard, 8) louvers on external surface for front bypass overboard. Venting this bypass overboard could affect the aircraft flying qualities because it produced high drag, 6,000 lb at cruise with 50% door opening, compared to the total aircraft drag of 14,000 lb.

415: 3076: 2283: 1203:: the list first included 56 stars and was later expanded to 61. The ANS could supply altitude and position to flight controls and other systems, including the mission data recorder, automatic navigation to preset destination points, automatic pointing and control of cameras and sensors, and optical or SLR sighting of fixed points loaded into the ANS before takeoff. According to Richard Graham, a former SR-71 pilot, the navigation system was good enough to limit drift to 1,000 ft (300 m) off the direction of travel at Mach 3. 1000: 2480: 2066: 2215: 1428: 826: 3362: 2323: 1013: 1212: 3068: 788:

the powerplant. Rather, it may be regarded as the heat pump in the over-all system of inlet, engine, and nozzle. The net thrust available to propel the aircraft may be to a large extent controlled by the performance of the inlet and nozzle rather than by the physical potentialities of the engine alone." This is illustrated for the Blackbird by the thrust contributions from each component at M3+ with maximum afterburner: inlet 54%, engine 17.6%, ejector nozzle 28.4%.

1800:, we can get a picture of them stacked up on the Serbian side of the bridge. We do not know whether they then went on to move across that bridge. We need the that a tactical, an SR-71, a U-2, or an unmanned vehicle of some sort, will give us, in addition to, not in replacement of, the ability of the satellites to go around and check not only that spot but a lot of other spots around the world for us. It is the integration of strategic and tactical. 567: 2259:, which take up to 24 hours to arrive in the proper orbit to photograph a particular target, make them slower to respond to demand than reconnaissance planes. The fly-over orbit of spy satellites may also be predicted and can allow assets to be hidden when the satellite passes, a drawback not shared by aircraft. Thus, there are doubts that the US has abandoned the concept of spy planes to complement reconnaissance satellites. 1815: 5808:" were flown weekly The second, which was called "Baltic Express" covered the Navy bases and military installations of the DDR and the Baltic countries. Because of the cramped waters, the route presented challenges as to keeping outside the territorial borders, and the pilots almost always followed the same identical route. SR-71 always came in over the radio beacon "Codan" 80 km south of Copenhagen heading east.] 1505: 617: 3084: 2460: 1035:

pressure increased with flight speed and the higher pressure in the exhaust system closed, first the blow-in doors and then started to open the nozzle flaps until they were fully open at M2.4. The final nozzle area did not increase with further increase in flight speed (for complete expansion to ambient and greater internal thrust) because its external diameter, greater than nacelle diameter would cause too much drag.

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Pentagon. These generals were adept at communicating the value of the SR-71 to a USAF command staff and a Congress who often lacked a basic understanding of how the SR-71 worked and what it did. However, by the mid-1980s, these "SR-71 generals" all had retired, and a new generation of USAF generals had come to believe that the SR-71 had become redundant, and wanted to pursue newer, top secret programs like the new

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located at higher speeds when the spike has moved rearwards, the cowl bleed 'shock trap' ram intake, streamlined bodies ('mice') and, between the mice, the forward bypass door openings which dump unwanted air externally through the front louvres and cause significant nacelle drag. When the landing gear is down, ambient air flows in reverse through the bypass to supplement the front inlet flow into the engine.

2468: 1112:, was injected to produce temperatures high enough to ignite the JP-7. The TEB produced a characteristic green flame, which could often be seen during engine ignition. The fuel was used as a heat sink for the rest of the aircraft to cool the pilot and the electronics. An electric starting system was not possible due to the limited capacity of the cooling system, so the chemical ignition system was used. 1314: 915:

subsonic flow. They were added after flight tests showed the subsonic diffusion was too rapid. Spike boundary layer bleed air passes through the four visible spike support struts and leaves the inlet through louvres. At low aircraft speeds air flows in reverse through the struts, out of the spike slots, and into the engine because the air entering the front of the inlet is inadequate.

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flaps are at their minimum area (closed). These nozzle and door positions correspond with full afterburner up to transonic speed, after which the doors close and flaps start to open. Secondary air from the inlet passes between the engine and nacelle and joins the blow-in door air to control the expansion of the engine exhaust through the shroud and trailing flaps.

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not going to meet the tactical requirements on the modern battlefield. And the determination was that if one could take advantage of technology and develop a system that could get that data back real time... that would be able to meet the unique requirements of the tactical commander." Hall also stated they were "looking at alternative means of doing ."

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tanks only sealed when the skin heated up as the aircraft speed increased. The ability of the sealant to prevent leaks was compromised by the expansion and contraction of the skin with each flight. However, the amount of fuel that leaked, measured as drops per minute on the ground from specific locations, was not enough to make refueling necessary.

714:, discovered that a cross-section of a sphere had a greatly reduced radar reflection, and adapted a cylindrical-shaped fuselage by stretching out the sides of the fuselage. After the advisory panel provisionally selected Convair's FISH design over the A-3 on the basis of RCS, Lockheed adopted chines for its A-4 through A-6 designs. 1481:. The Blackbird was to retrace and photograph the flightpath of the hijacked 727 from Seattle to Reno and attempt to locate any of the items that Cooper was known to have parachuted with from the aircraft. Five flights were attempted but on each occasion no photographs of the flight path were obtained due to low visibility. 2098:

James V. Sullivan and Noel F. Widdifield, reconnaissance systems officer (RSO). This equates to an average speed of about Mach 2.72, including deceleration for in-flight refueling. Peak speeds during this flight were likely closer to the declassified top speed of over Mach 3.2. For comparison, the best commercial

527:(SAM) site to acquire and track the aircraft on radar. By the time the SAM site could track the SR-71, it was often too late to launch a SAM, and the SR-71 would be out of range before the SAM could catch up to it. If the SAM site could track the SR-71 and fire a SAM in time, the SAM would expend nearly all of the 1501:. Over the years, there were several emergency landings in Norway, four in Bodø and two of them in 1981, flying from Beale, in 1985. Rescue parties were sent in to repair the planes before leaving. On one occasion, one complete wing with engine was replaced as the easiest way to get the plane airborne again. 5894:

observed the SR-71 would always fly at 72,000 ft and the MiG-25 would reach 63,000 ft before completing its stern attack 2.9 km behind the Blackbird. "We were always impressed by this precision, it was always 63,000 ft and 2.9 km behind the SR-71," a retired Swedish Air Force flight controller told Crickmore.

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the CIA, NSA, and DIA. A general misunderstanding of the nature of aerial reconnaissance and a lack of knowledge about the SR-71 in particular (due to its secretive development and operations) was used by detractors to discredit the aircraft, with the assurance given that a replacement was under development.

1387:, Okinawa, Japan on 8 March 1968. These deployments were code-named "Glowing Heat", while the program as a whole was code-named "Senior Crown". Reconnaissance missions over North Vietnam were code-named "Black Shield" and then renamed "Giant Scale" in late 1968. On 21 March 1968, Major (later General) 1731:

In 1996, a former 1st-SRS and 9th-SRW commander, Graham, presented a strongly supported opinion that the SR-71 provided some intelligence capabilities that none of its alternatives could provide in the 1990s, when the SR-71 was retired. Opinion remained divided as to how crucial, or disposable, those

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On 29 June 1987, an SR-71 was on a mission around the Baltic Sea to spy on Soviet postings when one of the engines exploded. The aircraft, which was at 20 kilometres (12 mi) altitude, quickly lost altitude and turned 180° to the left and turned over Gotland to search for the Swedish coast. Thus,

1416:'s manager of Advanced Development Program, said in an interview in 2015 that high-tempo operations were not realistic for the SR-71. "If we had one sitting in the hangar here and the crew chief was told there was a mission planned right now, then 19 hours later it would be safely ready to take off." 1346:

Blackbird pilots and RSOs were provided with food and drink for the long reconnaissance flights. Water bottles had long straws which crewmembers guided into an opening in the helmet by looking in a mirror. Food was contained in sealed containers similar to toothpaste tubes which delivered food to the

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in another 17 minutes, having used one third of its fuel. It is a common misconception that the planes refueled shortly after takeoff because the fuel tanks, which formed the outer skin of the aircraft, leaked on the ground. It was not possible to prevent leaks when the aircraft skin was cold and the

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Fig.9 The inlet (shown left) was depressed when the engine ran at high power settings with inadequate inlet ram (stationary and low flight speeds). The lower than ambient pressure in the inlet brought in extra air through the spike bleed and forward bypass louvres shown on the inlet external surface.

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The engine was an extensively re-designed version of the J58-P2, an existing supersonic engine which had run 700 development hours in support of proposals to power various aircraft for the U.S.Navy. Only the compressor and turbine aerodynamics were retained. New design requirements for cruise at Mach

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Fig.5 A rear view of the inlet where air enters the engine. Air from the inlet also passes along the outside of the engine as the coolest air available for limiting the temperature of the engine externals. Visible in the inlet the terminal shock position is upstream of the 'mice' which are located in

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Fig.3 This picture of an uninstalled engine being tested illustrates the need for cooling air around the exhaust duct. The engine, when installed as part of the powerplant, has secondary cooling air at 1200 degF passing over the afterburner duct (heated internally by combustion up to 3,200 degF). The

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The SR-71 also holds the "speed over a recognized course" record for flying from New York to London—distance 3,461.53 miles (5,570.79 km), 1,806.964 miles per hour (2,908.027 km/h), and an elapsed time of 1 hour 54 minutes and 56.4 seconds—set on 1 September 1974, while flown by USAF pilot

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The SR-71 was the world's fastest and highest-flying air-breathing operational manned aircraft throughout its career and it still holds that record. On 28 July 1976, SR-71 serial number 61-7962, piloted by then Captain Robert Helt, broke the world record: an "absolute altitude record" of 85,069 feet

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showed that multiple MiG-25s with the order to shoot down the SR-71 or force it to land, had started right after the engine failure. A MiG-25 had locked a missile on the damaged SR-71, but as the aircraft was under escort, no missiles were fired. On 28 November 2018, the four Swedish pilots involved

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were ordered there. The mission was to do an incident preparedness check and identify an aircraft of high interest. It was found that the plane was in obvious distress and a decision was made that the Swedish Air Force would escort the plane out of the Baltic Sea. A second round of armed JA-37s from

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reconnaissance missions during the Vietnam War, the North Vietnamese fired approximately 800 SAMs at SR-71s, none of which managed to score a hit. Pilots did report that missiles launched without radar guidance and no launch detection, had passed as close as 150 yards (140 m) from the aircraft.

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Fig.8 The afterburner was rated for continuous operation at 3,200 F made possible with ceramic coatings (colored white) on duct liner and flame holders and compressor bleed air cooling the duct and nozzle (above Mach 2.1 when the bleed was flowing). The nozzle is fully open, the maximum afterburning

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The engine was an afterburning turbojet for take-off and transonic flight (bleed bypass closed) and a low bypass augmented turbofan for supersonic acceleration (bleed bypass open). It approximated a ramjet during high speed supersonic cruise (with a pressure loss, compressor to exhaust, of 80% which

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Fig.1 The inlet extends from the spike tip to the group of four sets of three louvres which vent the spike boundary layer bleed overboard through spike support struts (x4). The engine extends from there to the ejector nozzle blow-in doors (shown open) and the nozzle extends from there to the ejector

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All three parts were linked by the secondary airflow. The inlet needed the boundary layers removed from its spike and cowl surfaces. The one with the higher pressure recovery, the cowl shock-trap bleed, was chosen as secondary air to ventilate and cool the outside of the engine. It was assisted from

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At supersonic speeds not all the airflow approaching the inlet capture area entered the inlet. At supersonic speeds an intake always adapts to the engine requirements, rather than forcing air into the engine, and the unwanted air flows around the outside of the cowl, causing spillage drag. More than

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of its boost and sustainer phases just reaching the SR-71's altitude; at this point, out of thrust, it could do little more than follow its ballistic arc. Merely accelerating would typically be enough for an SR-71 to evade a SAM; changes by the pilots in the SR-71's speed, altitude, and heading were

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The U.S. was flying regular SR-71 aircraft reconnaissance missions in international waters over the Baltic Sea known as "Baltic Express" missions. But on June 29, 1987, during one of those missions, an SR-71 piloted by retired Lt. Cols. Duane Noll and Tom Veltri, experienced an inflight emergency.

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In 1988, Congress was convinced to allocate $ 160,000 to keep six SR-71s and a trainer model in flyable storage that could become flightworthy within 60 days. However, the USAF refused to spend the money. While the SR-71 survived attempts to retire it in 1988, partly due to the unmatched ability to

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The USAF may have seen the SR-71 as a bargaining chip to ensure the survival of other priorities. Also, the SR-71 program's "product", which was operational and strategic intelligence, was not seen by these generals as being very valuable to the USAF. The primary consumers of this intelligence were

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The features of the inlet and what they do are also explained in the "A-12 Utility Flight Manual" and in a presentation by Lockheed Technical Fellow Emeritus Tom Anderson All features are visible in varying degrees in Figures 1, 4 and 5. They are 1) centerbody or spike in fully forward position, 2)

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Engine operation was adversely affected when operating behind an unstarted inlet. In this condition the inlet behaved like a subsonic inlet design (known as a pitot type) at high supersonic speeds, with very low airflow to the engine. Fuel was automatically diverted, by the fuel derich system, from

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preferred the SR (Strategic Reconnaissance) designation and wanted the RS-71 to be named SR-71. Before the July speech, LeMay lobbied to modify Johnson's speech to read "SR-71" instead of "RS-71". The media transcript given to the press at the time still had the earlier RS-71 designation in places,

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to enable flight testing to begin. The J58s were retrofitted as they became available, and became the standard engine for all subsequent aircraft in the series (A-12, YF-12, M-21), as well as the SR-71. The A-12 flew missions over Vietnam and North Korea before its retirement in 1968. The program's

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Swedish air defense radar screens could see the much older but faster MiG-25 screaming in towards the Blackbird. Shortly after the MiG-31s had harried the SR-71 in the Arctic area, a lone MiG-25 Foxbat stationed at Finow-Eberswalde in the former GDR would intercept it over the Baltic. The Swedes

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and other senators complained that the "better than" successor to the SR-71 had yet to be developed at the cost of the "good enough" serviceable aircraft. They maintained that, in a time of constrained military budgets, designing, building, and testing an aircraft with the same capabilities as the

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addressed the question of why the SR-71 was retired, saying it was under "the belief that, given the time delay associated with mounting a mission, conducting a reconnaissance, retrieving the data, processing it, and getting it out to a field commander, that you had a problem in timelines that was

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The SR-71 program's main operational capabilities came to a close at the end of fiscal year 1989 (October 1989). The 1st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron (1 SRS) kept its pilots and aircraft operational and active, and flew some operational reconnaissance missions through the end of 1989 and into

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sites as their crews tracked his airplane, but once his threat-warning receiver told him a missile had been launched, he switched off the jammer to prevent the missile from homing in on its signal. After landing, information from the SLAR, ELINT gathering systems, and the maintenance data recorder

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System (ASARS-1). Both the first SLAR and ASARS-1 were ground-mapping imaging systems, collecting data either in fixed swaths left or right of centerline or from a spot location for higher resolution. ELINT-gathering systems, called the Electro Magnetic Reconnaissance System, built by AIL could be

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As the SR-71 had a second cockpit behind the pilot for the RSO, it could not carry the A-12's principal sensor, a single large-focal-length optical camera that sat in the "Q-Bay" behind the A-12's single cockpit. Instead, the SR-71's camera systems could be located either in the fuselage chines or

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Fig.10 Ejector nozzle at the rear of the powerplant. The engine nozzle (left) is the first component in the exhaust system, followed by the secondary and tertiary air flows and ejector nozzle.The tertiary doors are open, there is a fixed convergent/divergent shroud and the ejector nozzle trailing

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Fig.4 A view showing the entry to the inlet. Behind is the outer wing and hinged portion of the nacelle which encloses the engine. The spike is shown in the forward position (for speeds below M1.6). Just discernible behind the cowl lip are spike boundary layer bleed slots where the normal shock is

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The inlet needed internal supersonic diffusion since external compression used on slower aircraft caused too high a drag at Blackbird speeds. The aerodynamic features and functioning of the inlet are the subject of a patent, "Supersonic Inlet For Jet Engines" by the inlet designer, David Campbell.

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atmosphere was the design point for the aircraft. However, in practice the SR-71 was more efficient at even faster speeds and colder temperatures. The specific range charts showed for a standard day temperature, and a particular weight, that Mach 3.0 cruise used 38,000 lb per hour of fuel. At 3.15

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and SR-71. It consists of three main parts, inlet, J58 engine and its nacelle, and ejector nozzle. All three have an important influence on the overall installed performance of the propulsion system. "Typical for any supersonic powerplant the engine cannot be considered separately from the rest of

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Almost every time the SR-71 was about to leave the Baltic, a lone MiG-25 Foxbat belonging to the 787th IAP at Finow-Eberwalde in was scrambled. Arriving at its exit point, the "Baltic Express" was flying at about 22km and the lone MiG would reach about 19km in a left turn before rolling out and

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To vanlige "melkeruter" ble fløyet ukentlig Den andre som ble kalt for "Baltic Express" dekket marinebasene og militærinstallasjonene til DDR og de baltiske landene. På grunn av det trange farvannet, bød ruten på utfordringer med å holde seg utenfor territorialgrensene, og flygerne fulgte nesten

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Fig.11 A similar viewing angle, unstick speed 210 knots, to the 'exploded' view, and with the same operating configuration, afterburner nozzle open, blow-in doors open and trailing flaps closed due to low internal pressure with low speed low inlet ram. Note visible dark colored con-di shroud. Air

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The nozzle had to operate efficiently over a wide range of pressure ratios from low, with no inlet ram with a stationary aircraft, to 31 times the external pressure at 80,000 ft. A blow-in door ejector nozzle had been invented by Pratt & Whitney engineer Stuart Hamilton in the late 1950's and

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Fig.7 View of J58 engine which shows some features required for flight at Mach3.2: titanium inlet guide vanes and first stage compressor blades for lighter weight at high ram temperatures, transonic first stage compressor blades and low hub/tip ratio compressor entry, both scaled from the bigger

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The secondary airflow through the nacelle comes from the cowl boundary layer bleed system which is oversized (flows more than boundary layer) to give a high enough pressure recovery to support the ejector pumping action. Additional air comes from the rear bypass doors and, for low speed operation

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Analysis of the J58-P2 supersonic performance showed the high compressor inlet temperature would have caused stalling, choking and blade breakages in the compressor as a result of operating at low corrected speeds on the compressor map. These problems were resolved by Pratt & Whitney engineer

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flew faster than usual to avoid multiple interception attempts. It was discovered after the flight that this had reduced the fuel consumption. It is possible to match the powerplant for optimum performance at only one ambient temperature because the airflows for a supersonic inlet and engine vary

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was a hybrid trainer aircraft composed of the rear fuselage of the first YF-12A (S/N 60-6934) and the forward fuselage from an SR-71 static test unit. The YF-12 had been wrecked in a 1966 landing accident. It has been reported that this Blackbird was seemingly not quite straight and had a yaw at

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Retired USAF Colonel Jay Murphy was made the Program Manager for Lockheed's reactivation plans. Retired USAF Colonels Don Emmons and Barry MacKean were put under government contract to remake the plane's logistic and support structure. Still-active USAF pilots and Reconnaissance Systems Officers

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from Finow to intercept the SR-71 on their way back out of the Baltic Sea. With the Blackbird flying at 22 kilometres (14 mi), the Foxbat would regularly close to an altitude of 19 kilometres (12 mi), precisely 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) behind the SR-71, before disengaging. The Swedes

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The USAF could fly each SR-71, on average, once per week, because of the extended turnaround required after mission recovery. Very often an aircraft would return with rivets missing, delaminated panels or other broken parts such as inlets requiring repair or replacement. There were cases of the

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Before takeoff, a primary alignment brought the ANS's inertial components to a high degree of accuracy. In flight, the ANS, which sat behind the reconnaissance systems officer's (RSO's), position, tracked stars through a circular quartz glass window on the upper fuselage. Its "blue light" source

551:. To control costs, Lockheed used a more easily worked titanium alloy which softened at a lower temperature. The challenges posed led Lockheed to develop new fabrication methods, which have since been used in the manufacture of other aircraft. Lockheed found that washing welded titanium requires 1846:

Congress's disappointment with the lack of a suitable replacement for the Blackbird was cited concerning whether to continue funding imaging sensors on the U-2. Congressional conferees stated the "experience with the SR-71 serves as a reminder of the pitfalls of failing to keep existing systems

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When stationary and at low speeds the inlet caused a loss in engine thrust. This was due to the flow restriction through the inlet when stationary. Thrust was recovered with ram pressure as flight speed increased (uninstalled thrust 34,000 lb, installed at zero airspeed 25,500 lb rising through

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The two most widely proposed reasons for the SR-71's retirement in 1989, offered by the Air Force to Congress, were that the plane was too expensive to build and maintain, and had been rendered redundant by other evolving reconnaissance methods, such as unmanned vehicles (UAVs) and satellites.

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At low flight speeds the engine exhaust pressure at the primary nozzle exit was greater than ambient so tended to over-expand to lower than ambient in the shroud causing impingement shocks. Secondary and blow-in door air surrounding the exhaust cushioned it preventing over-expansion. Inlet ram

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a week for nearly two years. By 1970, the SR-71s were averaging two sorties per week, and by 1972, they were flying nearly one sortie every day. Two SR-71s were lost during these missions, one in 1970 and the second aircraft in 1972, both due to mechanical malfunctions. Over the course of its

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in SR-71 serial number 61-7976 from Kadena AFB, Okinawa. During its career, this aircraft (976) accumulated 2,981 flying hours and flew 942 total sorties (more than any other SR-71), including 257 operational missions, from Beale AFB; Palmdale, California; Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, Japan; and

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In the early years of operation, the analog computers would not always keep up with rapidly changing inputs from the nose boom. If the duct back pressure became too great and the spike was incorrectly positioned, the shock wave would suddenly blow out the front of the inlet, causing an "inlet

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The reactivation met much resistance: the USAF had not budgeted for the aircraft, and UAV developers worried that their programs would suffer if money was shifted to support the SR-71s. Also, with the allocation requiring yearly reaffirmation by Congress, long-term planning for the SR-71 was

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Graham noted that in the 1970s and early 1980s, in order to be selected into the SR-71 program, a pilot or navigator (RSO) had to be a top-quality USAF officer, so SR-71 squadron and wing commanders often pursued career advancement with promotion into higher positions within the USAF and the

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The cockpit could be pressurized to an altitude of 10,000 or 26,000 ft (3,000 or 8,000 m) during flight. The cabin needed a heavy-duty cooling system, as cruising at Mach 3.2 would heat the aircraft's external surface well beyond 500 °F (260 °C) and the inside of the

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The high temperatures generated in flight required special design and operating techniques. Major sections of the skin of the inboard wings were corrugated, not smooth. Aerodynamicists initially opposed the concept, disparagingly referring to the aircraft as a Mach 3 variant of the 1920s-era

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During the later stages of its testing, the B-70 was proposed for a reconnaissance/strike role, with an "RS-70" designation. When the A-12's performance potential was clearly found to be much greater, the USAF ordered a variant of the A-12 in December 1962, which was originally named R-12 by

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On a typical mission, the SR-71 took off with only a partial fuel load to reduce stress on the brakes and tires during takeoff and also ensure it could successfully take off should one engine fail. Within 20 seconds the aircraft traveled 4,500 feet (1,400 m), reached 240 miles per hour

1278:(ECMs), including warning and active electronic systems built by several ECM companies and called Systems A, A2, A2C, B, C, C2, E, G, H, and M. On a given mission, an aircraft carried several of these frequency/purpose payloads to meet the expected threats. Major Jerry Crew, an RSO, told 1685:. Out of 322 recorded Baltic Express sorties between 1977 and 1988, the Swedish Air Force claims that they succeeded in attaining missile lock on the SR-71 in 51 of them. However, with a combined closing speed of Mach 5, the Swedes were reliant on the Blackbird not changing course. 636:, contained aluminum and were inflated with nitrogen. They cost $ 2,300 each and generally required replacing within 20 missions. The Blackbird landed at more than 170 knots (200 mph; 310 km/h) and deployed a drag parachute to reduce landing roll and brake and tire wear. 1342:

to dump heat from the cockpit into the fuel prior to combustion. The same air-conditioning system was also used to keep the front (nose) landing gear bay cool, thereby eliminating the need for the special aluminum-impregnated tires similar to those used on the main landing gear.

859:

heating, followed by the primary nozzle restriction, have accelerated the exhaust to sonic speed as it leaves the primary nozzle (shown). The ejector nozzle (not shown) surrounds the primary exhaust with secondary and tertiary air to cushion its expansion in the ejector nozzle.

612:

Some SR-71s had red lines painted on the upper surface of the wing to show "no step" areas which included the trailing edge and the thin, fragile skin where the inner wing blended into the fuselage. This portion of the skin was only supported by widely spaced structural ribs.

653:

ore. It's a very sandy soil and it's only found in very few parts of the world. The major supplier of the ore was the USSR. Working through Third World countries and bogus operations, they were able to get the rutile ore shipped to the United States to build the SR-71.

2199:

Mr. President, the termination of the SR-71 was a grave mistake and could place our nation at a serious disadvantage in the event of a future crisis. Yesterday's historic transcontinental flight was a sad memorial to our short-sighted policy in strategic aerial

706:-based fuel additives were used to somewhat reduce the visibility of exhaust plumes to radar, although exhaust streams remained quite apparent. Johnson later conceded that Soviet radar technology advanced faster than the stealth technology employed against it. 476:

in developing new weapons. Johnson decided to counter this criticism by revealing the existence of the YF-12A USAF interceptor, which also served as cover for the still-secret A-12 and the USAF reconnaissance model since July 1964. USAF Chief of Staff General

812:

Mach the fuel flow was 36,000 lb/hr. Flying in colder temperatures (known as temperature deviations from the standard day) would also reduce the fuel used, eg with a -10 degC temperature the fuel flow was 35,000 lb/hr. During one mission, SR-71 pilot

522:

to evade interception efforts, its greatest protection was its combination of high altitude and very high speed, which made it invulnerable at the time. Along with its low radar cross-section, these qualities gave a very short time for an enemy

644:

Titanium was in short supply in the United States, so the Skunk Works team was forced to look elsewhere for the metal. Much of the needed material came from the Soviet Union. Colonel Rich Graham, SR-71 pilot, described the acquisition process:

1293:

were subjected to postflight ground analysis. In the later years of its operational life, a datalink system could send ASARS-1 and ELINT data from about 2,000 nmi (3,700 km) of track coverage to a suitably equipped ground station.

1751:

told the Senate Appropriations Committee that the SR-71 cost $ 85,000 per hour to operate. Opponents estimated the aircraft's support cost at $ 400 to $ 700 million per year, though the cost was actually closer to $ 300 million.

1847:

up-to-date and capable in the hope of acquiring other capabilities." It was agreed to add $ 100 million to the budget to return three SR-71s to service, but it was emphasized that this "would not prejudice support for long-endurance

1783:

1990, due to uncertainty over the timing of the final termination of funding for the program. The squadron finally closed in mid-1990, and the aircraft were distributed to static display locations, with a number kept in reserve storage.

489:

canceled the F-12 interceptor program. The specialized tooling used to manufacture both the YF-12 and the SR-71 was also ordered destroyed. Production of the SR-71 totaled 32 aircraft with 29 SR-71As, two SR-71Bs, and the single SR-71C.

449:, and a photo camera. The CIA's A-12 was a better photo-reconnaissance platform than the USAF's R-12: since the A-12 flew higher and faster, and with only a pilot, it had room to carry a better camera and more instruments. The A-12 flew 1259:(TEOC), which could be directed up to 45° left or right of the centerline. Initially, the TEOCs could not match the resolution of the A-12's larger camera, but rapid improvements in both the camera and film improved this performance. 482:

creating the story that the president had misread the aircraft's designation. To conceal the A-12's existence, Johnson referred only to the A-11, while revealing the existence of a high speed, high altitude reconnaissance aircraft.

709:

The SR-71 featured chines, a pair of sharp edges leading aft from either side of the nose along the fuselage. These were not a feature on the early A-3 design; Frank Rodgers, a doctor at the Scientific Engineering Institute, a CIA

1473:

Only one crew member, Jim Zwayer, a Lockheed flight-test reconnaissance and navigation systems specialist, was killed in a flight accident. The rest of the crew members ejected safely or evacuated their aircraft on the ground.

5839: 587:, which was known for its corrugated aluminum skin. But high heat would have caused a smooth skin to split or curl, whereas the corrugated skin could expand vertically and horizontally and had increased longitudinal strength. 733:

could be reduced for greater stability and less drag at high speeds, allowing more weight to be carried, such as fuel. Landing speeds were also reduced, as the chines' vortices created turbulent flow over the wings at high

1963:

21 July 1967: Jim Watkins and Dave Dempster fly first international sortie in SR-71A, AF Ser. No. 61-7972, when the Astro-Inertial Navigation System (ANS) fails on a training mission and they accidentally fly into Mexican

3920: 5182: 4424: 2263:(UAVs) are also used for aerial reconnaissance in the 21st century, being able to overfly hostile territory without putting human pilots at risk, as well as being smaller and harder to detect than manned aircraft. 1333:

at Mach 3.2 would subject crews to temperatures of about 450 °F (230 °C); thus, during a high-altitude ejection scenario, an onboard oxygen supply would keep the suit pressurized during the descent.

2007:

27–28 July 1976: SR-71A sets speed and altitude records (altitude in horizontal flight: 85,068.997 ft (25,929.030 m) and speed over a straight course: 2,193.167 miles per hour (3,529.560 km/h))

845:

Fig.2 These diagrams show operation of the air inlet, flow through the engine (primary air), nacelle flow past the engine (secondary air), and flow into the ejector nozzle (primary, secondary and tertiary

563:-plated tools could not be used, as they also caused corrosion. Metallurgical contamination was another problem; at one point, 80% of the delivered titanium for manufacture was rejected on these grounds. 503: 4777:

SR-71 Inlet Design Issues And Solutions Dealing With Behaviourally Challenged Supersonic Flow Systems, Tom Anderson, Lockheed Martin Corporation, presented at AEHS Convention 2014 'Inlet Diffuser Photos'

437:

Lockheed. This USAF version was longer and heavier than the original A-12 because it had a longer fuselage to hold more fuel. The R-12 also had a crew of two in tandem cockpits, and reshaped fuselage

309:

On average, each SR-71 could fly once per week due to the time required to prepare it for the next mission. A total of 32 aircraft were built, with 12 lost in accidents, and none lost to enemy action.

532:

also often enough to spoil any radar lock on the plane by SAM sites or enemy fighters. At sustained speeds of more than Mach 3.2, the plane was faster than the Soviet Union's fastest interceptor, the

2310:

supersonic speeds. However, this was caused by a mis-aligned pitot tube reporting a 4° yaw that was not actually present. It was soon corrected and then flew normally. It was nicknamed "The Bastard".

275:, but the SR-71 was longer and heavier, to allow for more fuel, and a crew of two in tandem cockpits. After the SR-71's existence was revealed to the public in July 1964, it entered service in the 804:

the inlet by the pumping action of the engine exhaust in the ejector nozzle, cushioning the engine exhaust as it expanded over a wide range of pressure ratios which increased with flight speed.

279:(USAF) in January 1966. In 1989, the USAF retired the SR-71, largely for political reasons, although several were briefly reactivated during the 1990s, before their second retirement in 1998. 2155:

Los Angeles, California, to Washington, D.C., distance 2,299.7 miles (3,701.0 km), average speed 2,144.8 miles per hour (3,451.7 km/h), and an elapsed time of 64 minutes 20 seconds.

4390: 628:

showing red lined no-step areas. Not shown on this museum exhibit is the additional NO STEP wording on operational aircraft which showed to which side of the line the warning was applicable.

2183:

reported that the USAF clocked the SR-71 at one point in its flight reaching 2,242.48 miles per hour (3,608.92 km/h). After the Los Angeles–Washington flight, on 6 March 1990, Senator

1321:

Flying at 80,000 ft (24,000 m) meant that crews could not use standard masks, which could not provide enough oxygen above 43,000 ft (13,000 m). Specialized protective

5668:

Beale Air Force Base, California, had offered, free of charge to the Bureau, use of an SR-71 aircraft to photograph terrain over which the hijacked airplane had flown on its trip to Reno

1792:

From the operator's perspective, what I need is something that will not give me just a spot in time but will give me a track of what is happening. When we are trying to find out if the

1195:, which could see stars during both day and night, would continuously track a variety of stars as the aircraft's changing position brought them into view. The system's digital computer 1135:

tankers were required to refuel the SR-71. The KC-135Q had a modified high-speed boom, which would allow refueling of the Blackbird at nearly the tanker's maximum airspeed with minimum

5831: 1256: 5404: 2171:

St. Louis, Missouri, to Cincinnati, Ohio, distance 311.4 miles (501.1 km), average speed 2,189.9 miles per hour (3,524.3 km/h), and an elapsed time of 8 minutes 32 seconds.

2151:. On 6 March 1990, Lt. Col. Raymond E. Yeilding and Lt. Col. Joseph T. Vida piloted SR-71 S/N 61–7972 on its final Senior Crown flight and set four new speed records in the process: 1872:

difficult. In 1996, the USAF claimed that specific funding had not been authorized, and moved to ground the program. Congress reauthorized the funds, but, in October 1997, President

2109:

On 26 April 1971, 61–7968, flown by majors Thomas B. Estes and Dewain C. Vick, flew over 15,000 miles (24,000 km) in 10 hours and 30 minutes. This flight was awarded the 1971

6577: 5880: 4657:

SR-71 Inlet Design Issues And Solutions Dealing With Behaviourally Challenged Supersonic Flow Systems, Tom Anderson, Lockheed Martin Corporation, presented at AEHS Convention 2014

2168:

Kansas City, Missouri, to Washington, D.C., distance 942 miles (1,516 km), average speed 2,176 miles per hour (3,502 km/h), and an elapsed time of 25 minutes 59 seconds.

921: 6066: 426: 1710:Ängelholm replaced the first pair and completed the escort to Danish airspace. The event had been classified for over 30 years, and when the report was unsealed, data from the 3926: 1248: 1086: 817:

differently with ambient temperature. For an inlet the airflow varies inversely with the square root of the temperature, and for the engine it varies with the direct inverse.

5992: 5191: 4566:"Aerothermodynamics of Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines", Oates, Air Force Aero Propulsion Laboratory, Figure 13.1.17 'Elements of Inlet Airflow Supply Determination, (a) and (b) 327:

In 1974, on two separate flights, the SR-71 set the record for highest sustained flight, and also the fastest flight time between London and New York. In 1976, it became the

13212: 594:

of several inches. Because of this, and the lack of a fuel-sealing system that could remain leak-free with the extreme temperature cycles during flight, the aircraft leaked

6546: 4703: 1584:, and then follow the Swedish coast back towards Denmark. If the SR-71s attempted the turn at Mach 3, they could end up violating Swedish airspace, and the Swedes would 5685:

photographic over-flights using SR-71 aircraft were conducted on five separate occasions with no photographs obtained due to limited visibility from very high altitude.

1064:

entering the blow-in doors joins secondary air from the inlet and flows over the fixed shroud surface and trailing flaps whilst surrounding the exhaust from the engine.

11904: 11558: 10838: 1771:, the decision to retire the SR-71 from active duty came in 1989, with the last missions flown in October that year. Four months after the plane's retirement, General 1888:. All this left the SR-71's status uncertain until September 1998, when the USAF called for the funds to be redistributed; the USAF permanently retired it in 1998. 1231:(ELINT) gathering systems; defensive systems for countering missile and airborne fighters; and recorders for SLAR, ELINT, and maintenance data. The SR-71 carried a 5642:

Quote from Reg Blackwell, SR-71 pilot, interviewed for "Battle Stations" episode "SR-71 Blackbird Stealth Plane", first aired on History Channel 15 December 2002.

2899:

Lost, 21 April 1989 after compressor failure caused catastrophic left engine failure. Remains of aircraft recovered then on 24 December 1989 buried at sea in the

3472: 1007:

position. The main purpose of the variable nozzle area was to control engine operation which it did in conjunction with varying heat release in the afterburner.

11622: 9294: 9253: 1863:. Modifications were made to provide a data-link with "near real-time" transmission of the Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar's imagery to sites on the ground. 1622:, although only the Sukhois would have even a slim chance of successfully intercepting the American aircraft. The greater Soviet threat came from the MiG-25s 13049: 5554: 286:

During missions, the SR-71 operated at high speeds and altitudes (Mach 3.2 and 85,000 ft; 26,000 m), allowing it to evade or outrace threats. If a

11544: 11522: 10416: 1372:

reporting a speed in excess of Mach 3.5 on an operational sortie while evading a missile over Libya. The first SR-71 to enter service was delivered to the

882:". During unstarts, afterburner extinctions were common. The remaining engine's asymmetrical thrust would cause the aircraft to yaw violently to one side. 5774: 9951: 9936: 9866: 9861: 9851: 9841: 9831: 9821: 9816: 9811: 9786: 9766: 9761: 9756: 9746: 2434:(Forward Operating Locations at Eielson AFB, Alaska; Griffis AFB, New York; Seymour-Johnson AFB, North Carolina; Diego Garcia and Bodo, Norway 1973–1990) 1116:(390 km/h), and lifted off. It reached 20,000 feet (6,100 m) of altitude in less than two minutes, and the typical 80,000 feet (24,000 m) 2490:

Twelve SR-71s were lost and one pilot died in accidents during the aircraft's service career. Eleven of these accidents happened between 1966 and 1972.

13227: 10578: 10533: 10528: 10523: 10508: 8562: 8336: 8015: 3590:

Maximum speed limit was Mach 3.2, but could be raised to Mach 3.3 if the engine compressor inlet temperature did not exceed 801 °F (427 °C).

10356: 10251: 10216: 10171: 10151: 10146: 6812: 3718: 1855:(RSOs) who had worked with the aircraft were asked to volunteer to fly the reactivated planes. The aircraft was under the command and control of the 590:

Fuselage panels were manufactured to fit only loosely with the aircraft on the ground. Proper alignment was achieved as the airframe heated up, with

8284:

Goodall, James and Jay Miller. "Lockheed's SR-71 'Blackbird' Family A-12, F-12, M-21, D-21, SR-71". Hinckley, UK: AeroFax-Midland Publishing, 2002.

5853:

always completing its stern attack 3km behind its target. We were always impressed by this precision; it was always 22km and 3 km behind the SR-71.

3542:

could sustain speeds of Mach 2.83, but they also had an emergency option to reach Mach 3.2 if they were willing to replace their engines afterwards.

1851:" . The funding was later cut to $ 72.5 million. The Skunk Works was able to return the aircraft to service under budget at $ 72 million. 1128:

to replenish fuel during long-duration missions. Supersonic flights generally lasted no more than 90 minutes before the pilot had to find a tanker.

649:

The airplane is 92% titanium inside and out. Back when they were building the airplane the United States didn't have the ore supplies—an ore called

12713: 9976: 9966: 4398: 4322: 690:, which indicated that a shape with flattened, tapering sides would reflect most energy away from a radar beam's place of origin, engineers added 10764: 10759: 10754: 4932:(Technical report). Pratt & Whitney Aircraft Group. attachment RDP90B00170R000200280025-6 to CIA-RDP90B00170R000100050008-1 – via CIA. 1143:(for the KC-135Q itself) and JP-7 (for the SR-71) between different tanks. As an aid to the pilot when refueling, the cockpit was fitted with a 10813: 8144: 3973: 3467: 2939: 2484: 2165:, distance 2,404 miles (3,869 km), average speed 2,124.5 miles per hour (3,419.1 km/h), and an elapsed time of 67 minutes 54 seconds. 1401: 7494: 6762: 2823:

Lost, 10 May 1970 near Korat Royal Thai Air Force Base. Flameout in turbulent thunderstorm, engine restart failed. Crew ejected successfully.

8125: 2439: 8441: 2020:

21 April 1989: SR-71, AF Ser. No. 61-7974, is lost due to an engine explosion after taking off from Kadena AB, the last Blackbird to be lost

406:

cancellation was announced on 28 December 1966, due both to budget concerns and because of the forthcoming SR-71, a derivative of the A-12.

11857: 11805: 7974: 5412: 4596: 3832: 1894:

operated the two last airworthy Blackbirds until 1999. All other Blackbirds have been moved to museums except for the two SR-71s and a few

433:. However, a bomber variant of the Blackbird was briefly given the B-71 designator, which was retained when the type was changed to SR-71. 5832:"VIGGEN Vs BLACKBIRD: HOW SWEDISH AIR FORCE JA-37 FIGHTER PILOTS WERE ABLE TO ACHIEVE RADAR LOCK ON THE LEGENDARY SR-71 MACH 3 SPY PLANE" 5618: 4493:

matching considerations', Obery and Stitt, NACA Conference on Turbojet Engines for Supersonic Propulsion, AD B183548, Section VII Paper 2

3876: 2746: 1419:

From the beginning of the Blackbird's reconnaissance missions over North Vietnam and Laos in 1968, the SR-71s averaged approximately one

6585: 5866: 13252: 12718: 1271:

carried in the chine bays to analyze electronic signal fields being passed through, and were programmed to identify items of interest.

7642: 6054: 10791: 7805: 6973: 5698: 4857:

J58/SR-71 Propulsion Integration, William Brown,attachment to CIA-RDP90B001170R000100050008-1,Fig.3 'Inlet and engine airflow match'

4557:

J58/SR-71 Propulsion Integration, William Brown,attachment to CIA-RDP90B001170R000100050008-1,Fig.3 'Inlet and engine airflow match'

13222: 11537: 6000: 4200: 3653: 461: 3754: 12852: 11879: 11835: 11319: 6554: 6460: 2867: 2266:

On 1 November 2013, media outlets reported that Skunk Works has been working on an unmanned reconnaissance airplane it has named

4707: 4505:, "F-12 Series Aircraft Propulsion System Performance and Development", David Campbell, "Table 1 Propulsive thrust distribution" 3051:

After completion of all USAF and NASA SR-71 operations at Edwards AFB, the SR-71 Flight Simulator was moved in July 2006 to the

8555: 3394: 2396: 686:

signature. The SR-71 had a radar cross-section (RCS) around 110 sq ft (10 m). Drawing on early studies in radar

454: 7666: 7154: 2033:

6 March 1990: Last SR-71 flight under Senior Crown program, setting four speed records en route to the Smithsonian Institution

13262: 13217: 12957: 9089: 8777: 8304: 8260: 8167: 8023: 7916: 7362: 6080:

presented the Air Medals to Swedish air force Col. Lars-Eric Blad, Maj. Roger Moller, Maj. Krister Sjoberg and Lt. Bo Ignell.

5802:

alltid den samme identiske ruten. SR-71 kom alltid inn over radiofyret "Codan" 80 km sør for København på kurs rett østover.

5337: 4110: 3957: 2390: 1755:

The SR-71, while much more capable than the Lockheed U-2 in terms of range, speed, and survivability, suffered the lack of a

1623: 1200: 751: 609:

to the titanium frame. The temperature of the exterior of the windscreen reached 600 °F (316 °C) during a mission.

11552: 1688: 1665:

on the SR-71. Precise timing and target illumination would be maintained with target location data supplied to the Viggen's

833:

flaps (shown in the closed position). The more-forward louvres vent the forward bypass bleed which creates significant drag.

12935: 7410: 7388: 6688: 4913: 4132: 6650: 6313: 4622: 267:

was responsible for many of the aircraft's innovative concepts. The shape of the SR-71 was based on the pioneer "stealth"

12698: 11530: 10558: 10553: 10538: 10503: 10471: 8731: 8726: 8449: 6953: 4810:

A-12 Utility Flight Manual, 15 September 1965, changed 15 June 1968, 'Start Bleed And Bypass Valve Actuation', Figure 1-7

2192: 2091: 1725: 7740: 7736: 7094: 5915: 10806: 9079: 7955: 7894: 7867: 7791: 5387: 5027: 2634: 1881: 1619: 621: 6479: 1373: 13044: 9099: 8548: 8415: 8319: 8289: 8278: 8239: 8221: 8194: 8152: 8133: 8111: 8095: 8077: 7935: 7844: 7828: 7813: 6532: 4126: 3389: 2376: 2036:

25 July 1991: SR-71B, AF Ser. No. 61-7956/NASA No. 831 officially delivered to NASA Dryden Flight Research Center at

1607: 1144: 726: 8335:. 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including The New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. Orlando, Florida: 4625:

Design and Development of an Air Intake for a Supersonic Transport Aircraft, "Effect of Ambient Temperatures", p.518

12847: 12688: 12597: 12483: 12360: 11769: 10086: 9671: 8663: 7617: 6608: 3009: 1903: 382:'s U-2 underscored that aircraft's vulnerability and the need for faster reconnaissance aircraft such as the A-12. 5561: 3384: 12979: 12950: 12693: 11491: 9706: 9681: 9314: 9289: 8668: 7463: 6886: 2961:

Lost, 10 October 1968. Aborted takeoff after wheel assembly failure. Cockpit section survived and located at the

2943: 2176: 2162: 2158: 1541: 1232: 755: 401:

engine, but J58 development was taking longer than scheduled, so it was initially equipped with the lower thrust

291: 17: 8466: 2980:

image as tail art. (wearing a "black bunny" logo on its tail). Lost, 20 July 1972 after departure from runway.

1743:

program. Graham said that the last-mentioned one was only a sales pitch, not a fact, at the time in the 1990s.

12661: 12532: 12503: 12385: 12230: 11888: 10822: 9711: 8965: 5784: 5511: 2711: 1585: 2623:

Lost, 11 January 1968. Double generator failure followed by double flameout on approach; crew ejected safely.

1368:, piloted by Bob Gilliland. The SR-71 reached a top speed of Mach 3.4 during flight testing, with pilot Major 283:

was the final operator of the Blackbird, using it as a research platform, until it was retired again in 1999.

13242: 12984: 12215: 11896: 11700: 11386: 10830: 10799: 9385: 9309: 8802: 4365: 2447: 1899: 883: 11887: 8515: 8327: 3625: 1594:

The combination of a monitored entry point and a fixed route allowed the Swedes and the Soviets a chance to

1317:

The crew of a NASA Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird standing by the aircraft in their pressurized flight suits, 1991

294:, the standard evasive action was to accelerate and outpace the missile. Mission equipment for the plane's 13257: 12930: 12678: 12641: 12577: 12552: 12498: 12405: 11892: 11627: 11507: 11215: 11210: 11200: 11116: 10826: 10476: 10411: 10386: 10351: 10331: 10271: 10011: 9986: 9961: 9896: 9836: 8751: 8746: 8721: 8716: 8711: 8482: 2531: 2347: 1450:

Operational highlights for the entire Blackbird family (YF-12, A-12, and SR-71) as of about 1990 included:

747: 389:), Nevada, on 25 April 1962. Thirteen were built; two variants were also developed, including three of the 5448:"SR-71 Pilot Interview Richard Graham, Veteran Tales interview at Frontiers of Flight Museum (at 1:02:55)" 4927: 4869:, "History Of Thermal Barrier Coatings For Gas Turbine Engines: Emphasising NASA's Role from 1942 to 1990" 3728: 1960:

22 December 1964: First flight of the SR-71, with Lockheed test pilot Robert J "Bob" Gilliland at Palmdale

1880:

to cancel the $ 39 million (~$ 68.8 million in 2023) allocated for the SR-71. In June 1998, the

1775:, was told that the expedited reconnaissance, which the SR-71 could have provided, was unavailable during 965:

the use of new, more expensive, materials and fluids required to withstand unprecedented high temperatures

13011: 12967: 12825: 12653: 12636: 12473: 12446: 12350: 12340: 12220: 12195: 11872: 11779: 11647: 11612: 11607: 11442: 11235: 11163: 11158: 11131: 11111: 11076: 10664: 10336: 10326: 10306: 10281: 10221: 10206: 10106: 10006: 10001: 9996: 9876: 9826: 9481: 9284: 9053: 9012: 8981: 8891: 8741: 6809: 5871: 4285: 2863: 2715: 2144: 1885: 1285: 1224: 536:, which also could not reach the SR-71's altitude. During its service life, no SR-71 was ever shot down. 519: 446: 359: 303: 4597:

https://books.google.ca/books/about/SR_71_Revealed_The_Untold_Story.html?id=6svmtOFa1JIC&redir_esc=y

3692: 1705:

Swedish airspace was violated, whereupon two unarmed Saab JA 37 Viggens on an exercise at the height of

1560:

aircraft entering the Baltic Sea had to fly through a narrow corridor of international airspace between

13232: 12631: 12614: 12572: 12525: 11820: 11789: 11678: 11284: 11205: 10669: 10629: 10451: 10406: 10396: 10201: 9891: 9771: 9701: 9324: 9274: 9063: 9017: 8680: 8540: 8490: 8474: 8212: 7268: 5259: 4881:, "The Engines of Pratt & Whitney: A Technical History" 'Jack Connors, ISBN 978 1 60086 711 8,p.328 4330: 3569: 3149: 3052: 2806: 2527: 1654:

of 18 kilometres (11 mi), the Viggen pilots would line up for a frontal attack, and rely on their

1580:

along the Soviet Union's coastal border, before slowing down to Mach 2.54 to make a left turn south of

1489:

European operations were flown from RAF Mildenhall, England, with two weekly routes. One was along the

1432: 1280: 1275: 1255:, which gave continuous horizon-to-horizon coverage. A closer view of the target area was given by the 1172: 1132: 10821: 8361: 2270:, which would fly twice as fast as the SR-71, at Mach 6. However, the USAF is officially pursuing the 1977:

21 March 1968: First SR-71 (AF Ser. No. 61-7976) operational mission flown from Kadena AB over Vietnam

13247: 12515: 12478: 12456: 12441: 12380: 12355: 12255: 12175: 11810: 11642: 11267: 11230: 11141: 11136: 10568: 10286: 10231: 10196: 10191: 10161: 10096: 10046: 9921: 9691: 9661: 9599: 9491: 9279: 8928: 8886: 8736: 8658: 7731: 3462: 2845: 2655: 2340: 1440: 234: 6232:"Department of Defense Authorization for Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1994 and The Future Years." 4584: 3977: 1553: 1266:, could be carried in the removable nose. In later life, the radar was replaced by Loral's Advanced 1020:

Adequate secondary cooling air came in through the suck-in doors (shown open on the hinged nacelle).

994:

Mach 3 J91 engine compressor, 2-position flaps on the inlet guide vanes and 3 of the 6 bypass tubes.

13147: 13061: 13001: 12864: 12830: 12666: 12619: 12493: 12370: 12003: 11998: 9243: 9104: 8160:

From RAINBOW to GUSTO: Stealth and the Design of the Lockheed Blackbird (Library of Flight Series)

7765: 2962: 2789: 2763:

Lost, 25 October 1967. Crashed in Nevada desert following instrument failure. Crew ejected safely.

2516:

Lost, 10 January 1967, in fire caused by failed braking test. Aircraft departed runway and burned.

2256: 1711: 1301: 1267: 1252: 695: 367: 313: 264: 111: 6770: 4490: 2251:

Speculation existed regarding a replacement for the SR-71, including a rumored aircraft codenamed

2127:

Lt. Col. Ed Yeilding and RSO Lt. Col. Joe Vida on 6 March 1990, the last SR-71 Senior Crown flight

2082:

of 1,905.81 knots (2,193.2 mph; 3,529.6 km/h), approximately Mach 3.3. SR-71 pilot

1638:

The Swedes themselves would typically assert their neutrality by dispatching Saab 37 Viggens from

13193: 13137: 13113: 13103: 13086: 12962: 12788: 12708: 12703: 12426: 12123: 11900: 11602: 11597: 11554: 11225: 11220: 11178: 10834: 10573: 10563: 10548: 10513: 10466: 10456: 10381: 10371: 10346: 10321: 10261: 10241: 10226: 10176: 10156: 10141: 10116: 10091: 10076: 10071: 10026: 9971: 9956: 9941: 9911: 9886: 9731: 9721: 9644: 9380: 9304: 9299: 9032: 8955: 8901: 8829: 8772: 8627: 8454: 7982: 3559:, under many guises to prevent the Soviet government from discovering for what it was to be used. 3445: 2991: 2793: 2426: 2333: 2271: 2260: 2140: 2050:

28 September 1994: Congress votes to allocate $ 100 million for reactivation of three SR-71s

1856: 1848: 1228: 1168: 533: 317: 276: 222: 131: 76: 8189:

Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 2004, pp. 141–150.

7991: 6910: 5555:"Memorandum for the Chairman, Sanitization and Decontrol Working Group Black Shield Photography" 5289: 3178:

12,219.2 US gal (10,174.6 imp gal; 46,255 L) in 6 tank groups (9 tanks)

970:

was typical of a ramjet). It was a low bypass turbofan for subsonic loiter (bleed bypass open).

670:

is condensed by the low-pressure vortices generated by the chines outboard of each engine inlet.

13237: 12940: 12609: 12582: 12567: 12542: 12537: 12510: 12461: 12395: 12390: 12375: 12063: 11865: 11842: 11830: 11784: 11673: 11652: 11637: 11366: 11314: 10719: 10699: 10689: 10614: 10436: 10431: 10421: 10391: 10361: 10236: 10181: 10066: 10056: 10041: 9916: 9776: 9656: 9522: 9456: 9390: 9233: 9212: 8986: 8923: 8906: 8860: 8845: 8809: 8706: 8637: 7908: 7195: 5680: 5663: 3264: 3185: 3013: 2918: 2914: 2733: 2642: 2591: 2079: 1860: 1797: 1776: 1772: 1635:

interpreted this regularity as a sign that the MiG-25 had successfully simulated a shoot-down.

1289: 956: 942: 743: 524: 402: 398: 328: 287: 91: 31: 8400: 8183: 4899:"Variable Geometry Exhaust Nozzles and Their Effects on Airplane Performance", SAE 680295, p.5 13021: 12989: 12898: 12837: 12783: 12103: 11815: 11728: 11617: 11486: 11245: 10061: 9431: 9354: 9319: 9192: 9058: 8690: 8382: 8201: 3759: 3435: 3027: 2926: 2834:

Lost, 17 June 1970 after colliding with the KC-135 refueling it. Crew ejected with injuries.

2775: 2677: 2638: 2554: 2369: 2267: 2246: 1666: 1651: 1595: 1388: 321: 295: 7887:

SR-71: The Complete Illustrated History of the Blackbird, The World's Highest, Fastest Plane

1477:

An SR-71 was used domestically in 1971 to assist the FBI in their manhunt for the skyjacker

1412:

aircraft not being ready to fly again for a month due to the repairs needed. Rob Vermeland,

13054: 12876: 12673: 12602: 12562: 12520: 12436: 12290: 12280: 12160: 12155: 12140: 11825: 11470: 11381: 11326: 11309: 11121: 11096: 10729: 10709: 10634: 10488: 10461: 10101: 10081: 9741: 9619: 9476: 9471: 9466: 9461: 9426: 9349: 9197: 9094: 8996: 8602: 8571: 8312:

Vietnam Air Losses, USAF, USN, USMC, Fixed-Wing Aircraft Losses in Southeast Asia 1961–1973

7073: 3367: 3288: 3188:(JT11D-20J or JT11D-20K) afterburning turbojets, 25,000 lbf (110 kN) thrust each 2886: 2729: 2659: 2188: 2136: 1377: 1365: 1236: 1220: 1176: 1164: 1095: 1079: 955:

a continuous turbine temperature capability 450 degrees F hotter than previous experience (

767: 633: 442: 363: 299: 226: 96: 57: 13186:

Not assigned • Unofficial • Assigned to multiple types

8041:

Merlin, Peter W. (July 2005). "The Truth is Out There... SR-71 Serials and Designations".

4956: 4798: 4786: 4741: 4666: 8: 13159: 13152: 12925: 12886: 12881: 12842: 12793: 12762: 12736: 12468: 12451: 12431: 12270: 12265: 12243: 12165: 12128: 12088: 12013: 11774: 11587: 11437: 11106: 10724: 10441: 10291: 9946: 9781: 9507: 9421: 9202: 8881: 8531: 6026: 5708: 4845: 4819: 3440: 3031: 2849: 2681: 2609: 2148: 1997:

3 December 1975: First flight of SR-71A (AF Ser. No. 61-7959) in "big tail" configuration

1924: 1490: 1326: 691: 438: 379: 272: 211: 4193: 3666: 2539: 2228:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

2131:

When the SR-71 was retired in 1990, one Blackbird was flown from its birthplace at USAF

1599: 12903: 12891: 12871: 12300: 12043: 11592: 11465: 11001: 10948: 10366: 10341: 10296: 10126: 10031: 9901: 9573: 9553: 9406: 9207: 8850: 8369:. Monographs in aerospace history, #25. NASA History Division Office. NASA SP 2001-4525 7944: 7780: 6125:

Marshall, Eliot, "The Blackbird's Wake", Air & Space, October/November 1990, p. 35.

5876: 5353: 4623:

https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-aircraft_november-december-1968_5_6/mode/2up

2882: 2810: 2698: 2418: 1980:

29 May 1968: CMSgt Bill Gornik begins the tie-cutting tradition of Habu crews' neckties

1947: 1768: 1670: 1549: 1263: 1152: 1148: 711: 687: 606: 548: 8430: 6503:

Marshall, Elliot, The Blackbird's Wake, Air & Space, October/November 1990, p. 31.

6457: 4575:

A-12 Utility Flight Manual, 15 September 1965, changed 15 June 1968,Fuel Derich System

3517:, which contains a copy of the original R-12 labeled plan view drawing of the vehicle. 3075: 2282: 1838:, other strategic and tactical assets" to collect information in some areas. Senator 1724:

Another view held by officers and legislators is that the SR-71 was terminated due to

13267: 12741: 12325: 12113: 12098: 12083: 12073: 12068: 12058: 11101: 11081: 10974: 10964: 9856: 9639: 9624: 9512: 8622: 8607: 8411: 8315: 8300: 8285: 8274: 8256: 8235: 8217: 8190: 8163: 8162:. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), 2009. 8148: 8129: 8107: 8091: 8073: 8052: 8029: 8019: 7961: 7951: 7931: 7927: 7912: 7890: 7873: 7863: 7856: 7840: 7824: 7809: 7787: 7754: 7541: 6880: 6528: 5965: 5942: 5919: 5507: 5447: 5383: 5333: 5314: 5163: 5145: 5127: 5109: 4909: 4167: 4106: 3953: 3056: 2750: 2673: 2252: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1117: 591: 469: 453:

while the SR-71 flew overt missions; the latter had USAF markings and pilots carried

375: 219: 73: 6375: 5091: 5073: 4993:

Marshall, Elliot, The Blackbird's Wake, Air and Space, October/November 1990, p. 35.

2179:(NAA), the recognized body for aviation records in the United States. Additionally, 2117:

for "most outstanding international achievement in the art/science of aeronautics".

1439:

While deployed at Okinawa, the SR-71s and their aircrew members gained the nickname

12945: 12646: 12048: 12038: 12018: 11988: 11963: 11958: 11946: 11938: 11933: 11928: 11195: 11168: 10996: 10943: 10862: 10769: 10739: 10694: 10684: 10654: 10593: 10583: 10543: 10518: 10493: 10483: 10401: 10266: 10186: 9991: 9796: 9716: 9686: 9568: 9269: 9187: 9022: 8896: 8685: 8340: 7133: 4648:

A-12 Utility Flight Manual,15 September 1965, changed 15 June 1968,Air Inlet System

4516: 2124: 2044: 1806: 1740: 1655: 1322: 1125: 675: 249: 230: 7663: 7366: 5039: 4929:

J58/SR-71 Propulsion Integration Or The Great Adventure Into The Technical Unknown

4832: 4635: 1643: 1074: 13175: 13006: 12626: 12285: 11419: 11371: 10644: 10609: 10588: 10426: 10376: 10276: 10256: 10246: 10136: 9931: 9871: 9649: 9563: 9517: 9370: 9182: 9027: 8918: 8913: 8824: 8819: 8814: 8797: 8792: 8787: 8782: 8673: 8632: 8575: 8250: 8229: 7670: 7437: 6957: 6816: 6464: 4878: 4170:

and Development of the Blackbird:Challenges and Lessons Learned,Peter Merlin,p.16

3976:. National Museum of the United States Air Force. 29 October 2009. Archived from 3630: 3501: 3497: 3353: 3230:

1,910 kn (2,200 mph, 3,540 km/h) at 80,000 ft (24,000 m)

2535: 2403: 1674: 1627: 1545: 1413: 1384: 735: 552: 486: 465: 7414: 7023: 6792: 6396: 5382:. Earl Shilton, Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited. pp. 38–40. 4122: 2078:, but not in sustained flight. That same day SR-71 serial number 61-7958 set an 2065: 1561: 1427: 13120: 13028: 13016: 12974: 12908: 12767: 12746: 12547: 12400: 12345: 12310: 12295: 12185: 12145: 12053: 11262: 11188: 11173: 11148: 10872: 10498: 10316: 10301: 10166: 10131: 10111: 10051: 10036: 9981: 9926: 9906: 9846: 9726: 9666: 9558: 9548: 9451: 9436: 9416: 9411: 9375: 9156: 9119: 9114: 9109: 9084: 9048: 8960: 8756: 8273:(Air Conductors) (in Swedish). Nässjö, Sweden: Air Historic Research AB, 2004. 8043: 7744: 6737: 3418: 2900: 2479: 2410: 2001: 1877: 1827: 1764: 1693: 1588: 1529: 1498: 1494: 1397: 1339: 1184: 1105: 1091: 759: 739: 450: 430: 414: 390: 332: 6950: 5735: 5346: 5055: 4866: 4031: 2120: 13206: 13081: 12592: 12557: 12410: 12305: 12275: 12260: 12190: 12180: 12170: 12150: 12118: 12108: 12033: 12028: 12023: 11983: 11414: 11351: 11341: 11336: 11289: 11240: 11183: 11153: 11091: 11086: 11046: 11026: 10917: 10912: 10902: 10897: 10892: 10887: 10882: 10311: 10016: 9629: 9614: 9609: 9446: 9344: 9166: 9161: 9146: 8991: 8855: 8642: 8612: 8597: 8069: 8056: 8033: 7763:

Crickmore, Paul F. (1997). "Lockheed's Blackbirds – A-12, YF-12 and SR-71A".

7566: 7337: 7312: 7290: 7242: 7217: 7111: 7048: 6926: 6829: 6442: 5969: 5946: 5923: 5473: 3411: 3406: 2977: 2114: 2110: 1895: 1835: 1647: 1330: 1109: 679: 584: 575: 571: 394: 371: 366:

to build an undetectable spy plane. The project, named Archangel, was led by

349: 312:

Since its retirement, the SR-71's role has been taken up by a combination of

268: 253: 241: 194: 8432:

Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird | The Story Of The untouchable U.S. Aviation Marvel

7965: 7877: 6028:

When the Swedish Air Force Saab 37 Viggen Saved the Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird

4789:, AE107_SR-71_Case_Study_51-120 "Drag Penalty Of Overboard Bypass At Cruise" 4669:, AE107_SR-71_Case_Study_51-120 "Drag Penalty Of Overboard Bypass At Cruise" 4425:"The Advent, Evolution, and New Horizons of United States Stealth Aircraft." 3044:

Some secondary references use incorrect 64- series aircraft serial numbers (

2069:

View from the cockpit at 83,000 feet (25,000 m) over the Atlantic Ocean

1251:, which provided stereo imagery across the width of the flight track, or an 13125: 12859: 12587: 12250: 12225: 12210: 12205: 12008: 11746: 11668: 11632: 11582: 11409: 11376: 11356: 11331: 11304: 11299: 11279: 11257: 11250: 11126: 11071: 11066: 11021: 11016: 11011: 11006: 10969: 10927: 10922: 10907: 10877: 10446: 10211: 10121: 10021: 9881: 9589: 9486: 9441: 9248: 9238: 9217: 8865: 6882:

BD-0066 Oral History, Bill Weaver and Maury Rosenberg Lockheed SR-71 Pilots

6062: 4502: 3552: 2947: 2056:

9 October 1999: The last flight of the SR-71 (AF Ser. No. 61-7980/NASA 844)

1967:

5 February 1968: Lockheed ordered to destroy A-12, YF-12, and SR-71 tooling

1928: 1873: 1662: 1513: 1405: 1243:

the removable nose/chine section. Wide-area imaging was provided by two of

1211: 1192: 1136: 952:

operating with very high ram temperature air (800F) entering the compressor

931:

flow visualization of shock waves for started and unstarted inlet at Mach 2

808: 763: 722: 478: 473: 355: 257: 48: 8391: 1826:, the U.S. Congress re-examined the SR-71 beginning in 1993. Rear Admiral 1706: 1630:

in the DDR. The Swedes noted that the Soviets usually would send a single

13091: 12683: 12093: 12078: 11993: 11978: 11973: 11968: 11951: 11361: 11346: 11294: 11272: 11061: 11056: 11051: 11041: 11036: 11031: 10867: 9538: 8516:"Design and Development of the Blackbird: Challenges and Lessons Learned" 8407: 5683:(Report). Federal Bureau of Investigation. 6 December 1971. p. 340. 5666:(Report). Federal Bureau of Investigation. 6 December 1971. p. 340. 3430: 3375: 3035: 2995: 2694: 2472: 2471:

Close-up of the SR-71B operated by NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center,

2351: 2037: 1839: 1823: 1748: 1639: 1577: 1576:. Starting a counter-clockwise 30 minute loop, the Blackbirds would then 1478: 1180: 1151:

line across the top of the entire instrument panel, which gave the pilot

1140: 512: 419: 324:, is under development by Lockheed Martin, and scheduled to fly in 2025. 245: 215: 107: 8570: 8344: 7591: 7516: 7170: 4536: 3067: 544:

Titanium was used for 85% of the structure, with much of the rest being

13132: 13098: 12488: 12365: 12335: 12315: 12238: 12200: 9543: 8329:

Design and Development of the Blackbird: Challenges and Lessons Learned

8012:

From Archangel to Senior Crown: Design and Development of the Blackbird

7664:

U-2 / A-12 / YF-12A / SR-71 Blackbird & RB-57D – WB-57F locations.'

6998: 6854: 3450: 2184: 2103: 2083: 2075: 1737: 1533: 1369: 1306: 813: 730: 625: 60:

of California in 1994. The raised second cockpit is for the instructor.

7729:

Ruane, Michael E. (7 March 1990). "A bittersweet, and fancy, flight".

7471: 5995:[TV: Aircraft controlled from nuclear weapon secured bunker]. 4351:

Blackbird diaries, Air & Space, December 2014/January 2015, p. 46.

2017:

15 January 1982: SR-71B, AF Ser. No. 61-7956, flies its 1,000th sortie

1497:, monitoring several large naval bases belonging to the Soviet Navy's 1447:

indigenous to Japan, which the Okinawans thought the plane resembled.

978:

with negligible inlet ram, from suck-in doors by the compressor case.

12330: 12133: 6058: 5964:(in Swedish). Vol. 7, no. 2. Sweden. 1986. pp. 28–29. 5911: 5619:"Bye Bye U-2: CIA Legend Allen Predicts End Of Manned Reconnaissance" 5405:"First man to fly the world's fastest aircraft dies in Rancho Mirage" 2922: 2380: 2053:

28 June 1995: First reactivated SR-71 returns to USAF as Detachment 2

2011: 1971: 1954: 1940:

28 December 1962: Lockheed signs contract to build six SR-71 aircraft

1756: 1697: 1444: 1360:

The first flight of an SR-71 took place on 22 December 1964, at USAF

1196: 928: 699: 556: 1946:

29 October 1964: SR-71 prototype (AF Ser. No. 61-7950) delivered to

354:

Lockheed's previous reconnaissance aircraft was the relatively slow

335:,. As of 2024, the "Blackbird" still holds all three world records. 7800:

Donald, David, ed. "Lockheed's Blackbirds: A-12, YF-12 and SR-71".

5805: 5796: 5720: 3556: 2132: 2099: 1658: 1383:

SR-71s first arrived at the 9th SRW's Operating Location (OL-8) at

1361: 1338:

windshield to 250 °F (120 °C). An air conditioner used a

667: 6414: 3209:

34,000 lbf (151.24 kN) wet (2-position inlet guidevanes)

1943:

25 July 1964: President Johnson makes public announcement of SR-71

1814: 1678: 1581: 725:, leading to unexpected aerodynamic performance improvements. The 7752:

Crickmore, Paul F. (January 2009). "Blackbirds in the Cold War".

6819:. NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center. Retrieved 28 April 2015. 5779: 5703: 4585:

https://www.sae.org/publications/technical-papers/content/740832/

3083: 2605: 2459: 2287: 2074:(25,929 m). Several aircraft have exceeded this altitude in 1682: 1525: 1509: 1504: 1104:

fuel was used. It was difficult to ignite. To start the engines,

879: 766:. The addition of chines also allowed the removal of the planned 616: 560: 545: 528: 386: 5941:(in Swedish). Vol. 4, no. 3. Sweden. 1983. p. 5. 4742:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section appendix, Page A-2" 3877:"Records: Sub-class : C-1 (Landplanes) Group 3: turbo-jet." 7990:(1). Center for the Study of Intelligence: 1–34. Archived from 7685: 6651:"There Can Be Only One: The Saga of the Only SR-71C Ever Built" 5560:. Central Intelligence Agency. 19 November 1968. Archived from 4848:, 'More Never Told Tales of Pratt & Whitney', Bob Abernethy 4822:, 'More Never Told Tales of Pratt & Whitney', Bob Abernethy 4491:

https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADB183548,'Inlet-engine

3755:"The SR-71 Blackbird: The Super Spy Plane That Outran Missiles" 3539: 2467: 1984: 1822:

Due to unease over political situations in the Middle East and

1631: 1615: 1611: 1420: 1392: 1329:

for the A-12, YF-12, M-21 and SR-71. Furthermore, an emergency

718: 703: 650: 602: 362:(CIA). In late 1957, the CIA approached the defense contractor 6609:"EXCLUSIVE: Secret New UAS Shows Stealth, Efficiency Advances" 5701:[Spy plane, The Cold War - Spy plane landed in Bodø]. 4704:"NASA Dryden Technology Facts – YF-12 Flight Research Program" 3919:

Robarge, David (27 June 2007). "A Futile Fight for Survival".

3079:

Orthographically projected diagram of the SR-71B trainer model

1859:

at Beale Air Force Base and flew out of a renovated hangar at

717:

Aerodynamicists discovered that the chines generated powerful

566: 5910:. Flyghistorisk Revy (in Swedish). Vol. Specialnr 2009. 3203:

32,500 lbf (144.57 kN) wet (fixed inlet guidevanes)

2774:

Lost, 13 April 1967 following high-speed subsonic stall near

1818:

SR-71A (2) and SR-71B trainer (center), Edwards AFB, CA, 1992

1793: 1603: 784: 683: 225:

developed and manufactured by the American aerospace company

3783:"SR-71 Blackbird." PBS documentary, Aired: 15 November 2006. 1970:

8 March 1968: First SR-71A (AF Ser. No. 61-7978) arrives at

1313: 598:

fuel on the ground prior to takeoff, annoying ground crews.

13189: 8522: 5164:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section 4, Page 4-146" 5146:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section 4, Page 4-132" 5128:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section 4, Page 4-129" 5110:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section 4, Page 4-123" 3723: 3661: 2113:

for the "most meritorious flight of the year" and the 1972

1891: 1557: 1537: 1391:

and Major Edward D. Payne flew the first operational SR-71

1244: 1101: 595: 280: 136: 5092:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section 4, Page 4-99" 5074:"SR-71 Online - SR-71 Flight Manual: Section 4, Page 4-86" 3071:

Orthographically projected diagram of the SR-71A Blackbird

2579:

Lost, 11 April 1969, in fire caused by failed brake test.

2023:

22 November 1989: USAF SR-71 program officially terminated

331:, previously held by its predecessor, the closely related 8182:

Brandt, Steven A., Randall J. Stiles and John J. Bertin.

7438:"SR-71 "Ichi-Ban" – Buried in the Deepest Ocean on Earth" 6525:

Future Flight: The Next Generation of Aircraft Technology

5867:"Foxhound vs Blackbird: How the MiGs reclaimed the skies" 1677:

being the thin stretch of international airspace between

1274:

Over its operational life, the Blackbird carried various

694:

and canted the vertical control surfaces inward. Special

663: 8499: 5184:

Archangel: CIA's Supersonic A-12 Reconnaissance Aircraft

3922:

Archangel: CIA's Supersonic A-12 Reconnaissance Aircraft

1187:

missile, the latter of which was adapted for the SR-71.

682:, the SR-71 had several features designed to reduce its 8507: 4799:

https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6s4e6-b2j60

4787:

https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6s4e6-b2j60

4667:

https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/6s4e6-b2j60

4189: 4187: 3473:

List of United States Air Force reconnaissance aircraft

1598:

interceptors. Swedish radar stations would observe the

260:, before the program focused solely on reconnaissance. 244:

reconnaissance aircraft during the 1960s by Lockheed's

8104:

Skunk Works: A Personal Memoir of My Years at Lockheed

4846:

https://www.roadrunnersinternationale.com/pw_tales.htm

4820:

https://www.roadrunnersinternationale.com/pw_tales.htm

1834:

Macke told the committee that they were "flying U-2s,

1167:'s electronics development division, had developed an 1139:. The tanker also had special fuel systems for moving 8090:. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing Company, 2001. 6547:"Exclusive: Skunk Works Reveals SR-71 Successor Plan" 6438: 6436: 6356: 5699:"SPIONFLY, DEN KALDE KRIGEN - Spionfly landet i Bodø" 5330:

Stratonauts: Pioneers Venturing into the Stratosphere

5026:

Morrison, Bill, SR-71 contributors, Feedback column,

4890:"Variable Area Exhaust Nozzle", U.S. Patent 3,062,003 3779: 3777: 3285:

Itek KA-102A 36–48 in (910–1,220 mm) camera

2463:

SR-71 at Pima Air & Space Museum, Tucson, Arizona

2454: 1147:. This unusual instrument projected a barely visible 746:, which increase the agility of fighters such as the 539: 397:

drone carrier. The aircraft was to be powered by the

13213:

1960s United States military reconnaissance aircraft

7950:(Rev. ed.). North Branch, MN: Specialty Press. 6527:. Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania: TAB Books, 1994. 6055:"AF.mil: Swedish pilots presented with US Air Medal" 5056:"SR-71 Pilot Interview Richard Graham Veteran Tales" 4530: 4528: 4366:"SR-71 Blackbird: The Cold War's ultimate spy plane" 4184: 3833:"U.S. Pushes Hard To Build SR-72 Hypersonic Fighter" 3500:

in 1995, after which it was known as the modern day

3380:

Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback

3343: 8363:

Mach 3+: NASA/USAF YF-12 Flight Research, 1969-1979

6391: 6389: 3425:

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

3385:

Aircraft in fiction § Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird

3279:3,500 lb (1,588 kg) of mission equipment 1158: 800:the combustor to prevent turbine over-temperature. 429:; the last aircraft built using the series was the 8337:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 8314:. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2001. 8016:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 7943: 7855: 7823:. Hinckley, UK: Aerofax/Midland Publishing, 2003. 7779: 6433: 5899: 4759: 4684: 4391:"OXCART vs Blackbird: Do You Know the Difference?" 4168:https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20090007797,Design 3839: 3774: 773: 674:The second operational aircraft designed around a 8185:Introduction to Aeronautics: A Design Perspective 7160:Imperial War Museum. Retrieved: 10 February 2009. 7155:"Aircraft On Display: Lockheed SR-71A Blackbird." 4587:, "J58/YF-12 Ejector Nozzle Performance" pp. 1, 2 4525: 4323:"Lockheed SR-71 "Blackbird" - Air Power Provided" 4036:(YouTube). Imperial War Museums. 3 November 2021. 3108:2; Pilot and reconnaissance systems officer (RSO) 2004:, United Kingdom with SR-71A, AF Ser. No. 61-7972 1661:in order to climb at the right time and attain a 1524:, which started from Mildenhall and went through 1374:4200th (later, 9th) Strategic Reconnaissance Wing 1183:missile, and a separate system for the ill-fated 13204: 8248: 7905:Lockheed Secret Projects: Inside the Skunk Works 7497:. National Museum of the United States Air Force 6386: 6347: 5999:(in Swedish). Sweden. 2 May 2017. Archived from 5190:(2nd ed.). CSI Publications. Archived from 4537:"F-12 Inlet Development – Fig.4 – Inlet airflow" 3797: 3795: 3793: 3791: 3789: 1934:13 June 1962: SR-71 mock-up reviewed by the USAF 1796:are taking arms, moving tanks or artillery into 601:The outer windscreen of the cockpit was made of 7413:. Flight Test Museum Foundation. Archived from 6607:Butler, Amy; Sweetman, Bill (6 December 2013). 6376:"SR-71 World Record Speed and Altitude Flights" 6048: 6046: 3952:. Turner Publishing Company. pp. 78, 158. 2195:for not using the SR-71 to its full potential: 1347:crewmember's mouth through the helmet opening. 1239:, both of which ran during the entire mission. 425:The SR-71 designation is a continuation of the 8231:Lockheed Blackbird: Beyond the Secret Missions 7198:. Strategic Air Command & Aerospace Museum 6606: 6397:"A-12, YF-12A, & SR-71 Timeline of Events" 5993:"TV: Kärnvapensäkra bunkern styrde flygplanen" 4879:https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/book/10.2514/4.867293 4131:7 September 2010. Retrieved: 17 October 2012. 4026: 4024: 4022: 3872: 3870: 3868: 3866: 3824: 3814: 3812: 3810: 3468:List of military aircraft of the United States 2940:National Museum of the United States Air Force 2485:National Museum of the United States Air Force 2274:UAV to assume the SR-71's strategic ISR role. 2175:These four speed records were accepted by the 1937:30 July 1962: J58 completes pre-flight testing 1402:National Museum of the United States Air Force 578:drone on display at Seattle's Museum of Flight 472:and his administration for falling behind the 229:. The SR-71 has several nicknames, including " 11873: 11538: 10807: 8556: 7941: 6675: 6633: 6362: 6341: 5985: 5825: 5823: 5821: 5819: 5817: 5815: 5783:(in Norwegian Bokmål). Norway. Archived from 5768: 5766: 5764: 5762: 5760: 5758: 5756: 5754: 5752: 5707:(in Norwegian Bokmål). Norway. Archived from 5497: 5495: 4765: 4690: 4081: 4001: 3997: 3995: 3845: 3801: 3786: 3242:2,824 nmi (3,250 mi, 5,230 km) 2440:National Aeronautics and Space Administration 1201:a list of stars used for celestial navigation 658: 7942:Landis, Tony R.; Jenkins, Dennis R. (2004). 7837:SR-71 Blackbird: Stories, Tales, and Legends 6738:"U-2 and SR-71 Units, Bases and Detachments" 6644: 6642: 6578:"Skunk Works reveals Mach 6.0 SR-72 concept" 6480:"Spy Plane Sets Speed Record, Then Retires." 6043: 5295:10 September 2011. Retrieved: 3 March 2012. 3947: 3719:"NASA Armstrong Fact Sheet: SR-71 Blackbird" 2747:Strategic Air Command & Aerospace Museum 30:"SR-71" redirects here. For other uses, see 8122:Sled Driver: Flying the World's Fastest Jet 8010:Merlin, Peter W. (2008). Allen, Ned (ed.). 7782:Lockheed SR-71: The Secret Missions Exposed 7391:. Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum 7365:. Evergreen Aviation Museum. Archived from 6584:. Reed Business Information. Archived from 6335: 6277: 6275: 5905: 5865:Simha, Rakesh Krishnan (3 September 2012). 5690: 5040:"SR-71A-1 Flight Manual, Section IV, p. 3." 4867:https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20090018047 4040: 4019: 3863: 3807: 3693:"Air Force Tries to Shoot Down Its Own Spy" 2102:flight time was 2 hours 52 minutes and the 2090:that he flew in excess of Mach 3.5 on 1650:. Limited by a top speed of Mach 2.1 and a 1512:and the narrow corridor between Sweden and 783:The same powerplant was used for the A-12, 27:US Air Force supersonic aircraft, 1964–1998 11880: 11866: 11545: 11531: 10814: 10800: 8563: 8549: 8529: 8439: 7694: 6228: 6226: 6224: 5812: 5749: 5492: 5327: 5285: 5283: 5281: 5033: 4385: 4383: 4359: 4357: 4075: 3992: 3830: 3062: 2047:becomes the first female SR-71 crew member 1809:to the Senate Committee on Armed Services. 1443:(as did the A-12s preceding them) after a 639: 555:, as the chlorine present in tap water is 511:The SR-71 was designed for flight at over 13228:High-altitude and long endurance aircraft 8252:Lockheed SR-71 Operations in the Far East 8227: 8120:Shul, Brian and Sheila Kathleen O'Grady. 8101: 7777: 7762: 7751: 6639: 6203: 6201: 6192: 6168: 6031:. 100th Air Refueling Wing Public Affairs 5858: 5777:[At weapons range of the SR-71]. 5541: 5537: 5535: 5526: 5433: 5246: 5234: 5222: 5014: 4954: 4728: 4678: 4235: 4223: 4155: 3914: 3912: 3891: 3851: 3690: 3612: 3529:, original R-12 labeled plan view drawing 3526: 3514: 3496:This was prior to Lockheed's merger with 2000:20 April 1976: TDY operations started at 1983:13 December 1969: Two SR-71s deployed to 1508:The Baltic Express route entered through 10837:bomber designations, Army/Air Force and 7972: 6763:"BEALE AFB 99TH Reconnaissance Squadron" 6272: 5772: 5696: 5307: 5218: 5216: 5214: 5212: 4534: 4521:. pp. 1–7 – via SR-71 Online. 4503:https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/10.2514/3.60402 4423:Hott, Bartholomew and George E. Pollock 4247: 4070: 4046: 4013: 3903: 3748: 3746: 3082: 3074: 3066: 2478: 2466: 2458: 2281: 2119: 2064: 1813: 1687: 1503: 1426: 1312: 1300: 1210: 1085: 1073: 792:30,000 lb at 210 knots, unstick speed). 662: 615: 565: 502: 413: 8442:"SR-71 Impressive in High-speed Regime" 8216:. London: Penguin Books Limited, 2006. 8106:. New York: Little, Brown and Company. 7735:. Vol. 321, no. 66. pp. 7645:. Hill Aerospace Museum. 30 August 2021 7134:"SR-71A Blackbird #17961 Audio Gallery" 6575: 6221: 6052: 5953: 5930: 5906:Edlund, Ulf; Kampf, Hans, eds. (2009). 5278: 5180: 4609: 4607: 4605: 4380: 4363: 4354: 4283: 3918: 3608: 3606: 3291:equipment in the following compartments 2976:Nicknamed "Rapid Rabbit" and wearing a 2868:Washington Dulles International Airport 1206: 632:The Blackbird's tires, manufactured by 455:Geneva Conventions Identification Cards 409: 14: 13205: 8533:How the Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird Works 8359: 8325: 8249:Crickmore, Paul; Laurier, Jim (2008). 8040: 8009: 7884: 7853: 7834: 7773:. London: Aerospace Publishing: 30–93. 7758:. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing: 30–38. 7712: 7615: 7435: 7266: 6899: 6712: 6648: 6544: 6523:Siuru, William D. and John D. Busick. 6512: 6301: 6290: 6267: 6256: 6245: 6216: 6198: 6180: 6156: 6145: 6134: 6114: 6103: 6091: 5651: 5616: 5532: 5002: 4981: 4942: 4801:, AE107_SR-71_Case_Study_321-450, p.27 4411: 4309: 4271: 4259: 4212: 4179: 4144: 4093: 4058: 3909: 3831:Villasanta, Artie (23 November 2018). 3752: 3395:Measurement and signature intelligence 2397:99th Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron 2139:, to go on exhibit at what is now the 1920:24 December 1957: First J58 engine run 1350: 1325:were produced for crew members by the 1219:The SR-71 originally included optical/ 962:continuous use of maximum afterburning 778: 393:interceptor prototype, and two of the 320:(UAVs). A proposed UAV successor, the 11861: 11526: 10795: 8544: 8440:Ropelewski, Robert R. (18 May 1981). 8393:Sr-71 Blackbird Pilot's Flight Manual 8388:, June 1991, pp. 27–31, 104–105. 8086:Remak, Jeannette and Joe Ventolo Jr. 8051:. Stamford, UK: Key Publishing: 2–6. 7728: 7464:"Aircraft: Lockheed SR-71A Blackbird" 6974:"Lockheed SR-71B Blackbird 1963–1999" 5864: 5829: 5617:Little, Richard (22 September 2015). 5402: 5209: 4955:Boudreaux, Stormy (22 October 2022). 4908:Design For Air Combat, Ray Whitford, 4116: 3950:Lockheed: The People Behind the Story 3753:Roblin, Sebastien (21 October 2016). 3743: 3716: 3551:Lockheed obtained the metal from the 3260:84 lb/sq ft (410 kg/m) 2590:Air Force Flight Test Center Museum, 2391:1st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron 1763:provide high-quality coverage of the 1718: 1591:to intercept the offending aircraft. 936: 11903:fighter designations 1924–1962, and 8464: 8450:Aviation Week & Space Technology 8063: 7700: 7436:Cluett, Nathan (29 September 2022). 6724: 6576:Trimble, Stephen (1 November 2013). 5842:from the original on 10 January 2019 5587:Aviation Week & Space Technology 5501: 5377: 4602: 4284:Burrows, William E. (1 March 1999). 3857: 3818: 3603: 3114:107 ft 5 in (32.74 m) 3087:SR-71 epoxy asbestos composite areas 2553:Lost in Mach 3 mid-air breakup near 2208: 2014:starts conversion of AFICS to DAFICS 1673:, with the most common site for the 1400:, UK. The aircraft was flown to the 441:. Reconnaissance equipment included 329:fastest airbreathing manned aircraft 10602: 7924:Kelly: More Than My Share of it All 7821:Lockheed's SR-71 "Blackbird" Family 6879:Bill Weaver & Maury Rosenberg. 6053:Fratini, Korey (29 November 2018). 6024: 3691:Richelson, Jeffrey (9 April 1989). 3289:Signals and Electronic Intelligence 3126:18 ft 6 in (5.64 m) 3120:55 ft 7 in (16.94 m) 2450:– Edwards AFB, California 1991–1999 2429:– Edwards AFB, California 1995–1997 1886:line-item veto was unconstitutional 1866: 1715:were awarded medals from the USAF. 1484: 678:shape and materials, following the 385:The A-12 first flew at Groom Lake ( 24: 8536:. Animagraffs – via YouTube. 8497: 8202:"America's SuperSecret Spy Plane." 8139:Shul, Brian and Walter Watson Jr. 7616:Conner, Monroe (20 October 2015). 6353:Shul and Watson 1993, pp. 113–114. 5883:from the original on 9 August 2019 5733: 5474:"Col. Richard Graham (USAF, Ret.)" 5260:"Blackbird Diaries | Flight Today" 5028:Aviation Week and Space Technology 4636:"Supersonic inlet for jet engines" 4105:Flying the SR-71 Blackbird,Graham, 3925:. CSI Publications. Archived from 3651: 3254:11,820 ft/min (60.0 m/s) 3145:1,800 sq ft (170 m) 2455:Accidents and aircraft disposition 1568:, which was monitored by both the 1466:2,752 hours Mach 3 time (missions) 1171:system (ANS), which could correct 540:Airframe, canopy, and landing gear 464:, Republican presidential nominee 25: 13279: 13253:Strategic reconnaissance aircraft 11715:Strategic reconnaissance sequence 11557:designations, Army/Air Force and 8423: 8326:Merlin, Peter W. (January 2009). 8299:. New York: DK Publishing, 2007. 8255:. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. 8234:. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. 8207:, June 1968, pp. 59–62, 190. 8102:Rich, Ben R.; Janos, Leo (1994). 8014:. Library of Flight. Reston, VA: 7786:(Rev. ed.). Oxford: Osprey. 7618:"Where Are They Now: SR-71A #844" 7567:"SR-71 Online - Blackbird Losses" 7338:"SR-71 Online - Blackbird Losses" 7313:"SR-71 Online - Blackbird Losses" 7243:"SR-71 Online - Blackbird Losses" 7218:"SR-71 Online - Blackbird Losses" 7049:"SR-71 Online - Blackbird Losses" 6927:"SR-71 Online - Blackbird Losses" 6830:"SR-71 Online - Blackbird Losses" 6689:"SR-71C Blackbird #17981 / #2001" 5775:"På skuddhold av SR-71 Blackbird" 5697:Bonafede, Håkon (22 April 2012). 5589:, 20 July – 2 August 2015, p. 28. 5446:Graham, Richard (6 August 2013). 4925: 4127:Federation of American Scientists 3390:Linear Aerospike SR-71 Experiment 3139:37 ft 10 in (12 m) 2377:9th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing 2364:SR-71 Flight Test Group 1970–1990 1957:, CA, announced as base for SR-71 1732:unique advantages properly were. 1696:-pilots being presented with the 1556:in the Cold War. This meant that 1540:controlled the airspace from the 1520:The other route was known as the 1145:peripheral vision horizon display 1025: 702:sections of the aircraft's skin. 418:SR-71 Blackbird assembly line at 8465:Mola, Roger (20 November 2014). 7858:SR-71 Revealed: The Inside Story 7706: 7679: 7657: 7635: 7609: 7584: 7559: 7534: 7509: 7487: 7456: 7429: 7403: 7381: 7355: 7330: 7305: 7283: 7260: 7235: 7210: 7188: 7163: 7148: 7126: 7104: 7088: 7066: 7041: 7024:"B-Model Dismantlement Pictures" 7016: 6991: 6966: 6944: 6919: 6904: 6893: 6887:San Diego Air & Space Museum 6872: 6847: 6822: 6803: 6793:"Fall and Rise of the Blackbird" 6785: 6755: 6730: 6718: 6706: 6681: 6669: 6627: 6600: 6569: 6538: 6517: 6506: 6497: 6488: 6473: 6451: 6407: 6368: 6306: 6295: 6284: 6261: 6250: 6239: 6210: 6186: 6174: 6162: 6150: 6139: 6128: 6119: 6108: 6097: 6085: 6018: 5976: 5727: 5673: 5656: 5645: 5636: 5610: 5601: 5592: 5579: 5547: 5520: 5466: 5439: 5427: 5396: 5371: 5321: 5298: 5252: 5240: 5228: 5174: 5156: 5138: 5120: 5102: 5084: 5066: 5048: 5020: 4706:. US: NASA. 2004. Archived from 4364:Dowling, Stephen (2 July 2013). 3584: 3575: 3360: 3346: 3172:172,000 lb (78,018 kg) 3166:152,000 lb (68,946 kg) 3010:Armstrong Flight Research Center 2321: 2297:was the main production variant. 2213: 1904:Armstrong Flight Research Center 1469:11,675 hours Mach 3 time (total) 1257:HYCON Technical Objective Camera 1159:Astro-inertial navigation system 1056: 1043: 1012: 999: 986: 920: 907: 894: 851: 838: 825: 468:repeatedly criticized President 180:USAF: 1989 (temp.), 1998 (final) 47: 13223:Aircraft related to spaceflight 8530:O'Neal, Jacob (19 March 2024). 7721: 7076:. Museum of Aviation Foundation 6545:Norris, Guy (1 November 2013). 6494:National Aeronautic Association 6069:from the original on 8 May 2023 5830:Leone, Dario (9 January 2018). 5773:Bonafede, Håkon (10 May 2018). 5181:Robarge, David (January 2012). 5008: 4996: 4987: 4975: 4948: 4936: 4919: 4902: 4893: 4884: 4872: 4860: 4851: 4839: 4825: 4813: 4804: 4792: 4780: 4771: 4734: 4722: 4696: 4672: 4660: 4651: 4642: 4628: 4616: 4590: 4578: 4569: 4560: 4551: 4547:. SAE International: 2832–2840. 4508: 4496: 4484: 4472: 4463: 4451: 4442: 4433: 4417: 4405: 4345: 4315: 4303: 4277: 4265: 4253: 4241: 4229: 4217: 4206: 4173: 4161: 4149: 4138: 4099: 4087: 4064: 4052: 4033:SR-71 Blackbird - Cold War icon 4007: 3966: 3941: 3897: 3885: 3562: 3545: 3532: 3520: 3507: 3160:67,500 lb (30,617 kg) 3133:16 ft 8 in (5 m) 2944:Wright-Patterson Air Force Base 2177:National Aeronautic Association 1786: 1380:, California, in January 1966. 1296: 774:Propulsion system or powerplant 11692:Reconnaissance/strike sequence 8453:. Pilot Report. Archived from 7267:Bright, Stuart (24 May 2017). 7101:. Retrieved: 10 February 2009. 6963:. Retrieved: 10 February 2009. 6961:Air Force Flight Center Museum 6916:. Retrieved: 12 November 2012. 6470:. Retrieved: 14 February 2011. 6415:"Eldon W. Joersz (USA) (8879)" 5736:"SR-71 Bodo Norway Operations" 5045:. Retrieved: 13 December 2011. 3717:Gibbs, Yvonne (1 March 2014). 3710: 3684: 3645: 3618: 3490: 3248:85,000 ft (26,000 m) 2712:American Air Museum in Britain 2361:4786th Test Squadron 1965–1970 1991: 1914: 485:In 1968, Secretary of Defense 338: 13: 1: 8508:"The Online Blackbird Museum" 8297:Flight: 100 Years of Aviation 7686:"Frontiers of Flight Museum." 7676:. Retrieved: 22 January 2010. 7643:"Lockheed SR-71C 'Blackbird'" 6448:. Retrieved: 18 October 2009. 5916:Svensk Flyghistorisk Förening 5480:. The Online Blackbird Museum 4430:. Retrieved: 7 February 2014. 3478: 3316:N – right forward mission bay 3310:L – right forward mission bay 2448:Dryden Flight Research Center 2106:averages 6 hours 15 minutes. 1900:Dryden Flight Research Center 1249:Operational Objective Cameras 742:. The chines also acted like 343: 240:The SR-71 was developed as a 13263:Tailless delta-wing aircraft 13218:Aircraft first flown in 1964 11567:Army/Air Force main sequence 7973:McIninch, Thomas P. (1971). 7293:. Science Museum of Virginia 6889:. Event occurs at 1h12m40s. 6649:Walton, Bill (17 May 2017). 5403:Reyes, Jesus (6 July 2019). 5328:Ehrenfried, Manfred (2013). 5290:"Bill Weaver SR-71 Breakup." 4833:"Recover bleed air turbojet" 3597: 3513:See the opening fly page in 3483: 3313:M – left forward mission bay 3307:K – left forward mission bay 2532:Davis-Monthan Air Force Base 2348:Air Force Flight Test Center 2314: 2204: 2043:October 1991: NASA engineer 1898:drones retained by the NASA 1215:The SR-71 Defensive System B 374:", on 11 February 1960. The 263:American aerospace engineer 7: 11480:Fighter-bomber, in F-series 8491:Air & Space/Smithsonian 8475:Air & Space/Smithsonian 8228:Crickmore, Paul F. (2004). 8088:A-12 Blackbird Declassified 7885:Graham, Richard H. (2013). 7862:. Osceola, WI: Motorbooks. 7854:Graham, Richard H. (1996). 7835:Graham, Richard H. (2002). 7778:Crickmore, Paul F. (2000). 7691:. Retrieved: 14 March 2010. 6810:Fact Sheet: SR-71 Blackbird 6676:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 6634:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 6363:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 6342:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 5872:Russia Beyond the Headlines 5293:Roadrunners Internationale, 4766:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 4691:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 4535:Campbell, David H. (1974). 4082:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 4002:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 3846:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 3802:Landis & Jenkins (2004) 3665:. p. 3. Archived from 3339: 2864:Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center 2716:Imperial War Museum Duxford 2528:Pima Air & Space Museum 2277: 2181:Air & Space/Smithsonian 2145:Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center 1909: 1843:SR-71 would be impossible. 1460:11,008 mission flight hours 1454:3,551 mission sorties flown 1355: 1281:Air & Space/Smithsonian 1225:side-looking airborne radar 1155:cues on aircraft attitude. 1110:ignites on contact with air 498: 447:side-looking airborne radar 360:Central Intelligence Agency 304:side looking airborne radar 56:An SR-71B trainer over the 10: 13284: 8410:, 1994, pp. 220–237. 8124:. Marysville, California: 7889:. MBI Publishing Company. 7389:"Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird" 7271:. Barksdale Air Force Base 5585:Norros, Guy, "Hyper ops", 4199:. Retrieved: 31 May 2011. 3882:. Retrieved: 30 June 2011. 3053:Frontiers of Flight Museum 3038:(formerly YF-12A 60-6934) 2807:Science Museum of Virginia 2718:, Cambridgeshire, England 2244: 2060: 1974:, Okinawa to replace A-12s 1554:Sweden pursuing neutrality 1532:before going out over the 1457:17,300 total sorties flown 1276:electronic countermeasures 1173:inertial navigation system 1090:An SR-71 refueling from a 1078:An SR-71 refueling from a 940: 659:Shape and threat avoidance 347: 29: 13184: 13168: 13074: 13037: 12815: 12806: 12776: 12755: 12729: 12419: 11921: 11912: 11798: 11762: 11755: 11738:Tri-Service main sequence 11737: 11714: 11691: 11661: 11575: 11566: 11500: 11479: 11458: 11451: 11428: 11400: 10987: 10957: 10936: 10855: 10846: 10782: 9598: 9582: 9531: 9500: 9399: 9363: 9337: 9262: 9226: 9175: 9139: 9132: 9072: 9041: 9005: 8974: 8948: 8941: 8874: 8838: 8765: 8699: 8651: 8590: 8583: 8467:"What a Blackbird Drinks" 8360:Merlin, Peter W. (2002). 7732:The Philadelphia Inquirer 7099:Air Force Armament Museum 6815:12 September 2019 at the 5982:Darwal 2004, pp. 151–156. 5506:. Mach One. p. 173. 3463:List of Lockheed aircraft 3378: – American engineer 3331:T – right aft mission bay 3322:Q – right aft mission bay 3020: 3002: 2984: 2969: 2954: 2932: 2907: 2892: 2874: 2855: 2846:Evergreen Aviation Museum 2838: 2827: 2816: 2799: 2782: 2767: 2756: 2739: 2722: 2704: 2687: 2666: 2656:Air Force Armament Museum 2648: 2627: 2616: 2598: 2583: 2572: 2561: 2546: 2520: 2509: 2504: 2501: 2498: 2494:List of SR-71 Blackbirds 2341:Air Force Systems Command 2286:SR-71B on display at the 2257:reconnaissance satellites 2222:This section needs to be 1463:53,490 total flight hours 696:radar-absorbing materials 493: 314:reconnaissance satellites 248:division, initially as a 190: 173: 165: 157: 152: 144: 127: 119: 102: 90: 82: 69: 64: 55: 46: 41: 8487:Air & Space Magazine 8471:Air & Space Magazine 8399:Reithmaier, Lawrence W. 8383:"The Blackbird is Back." 8066:Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird 7669:18 February 2011 at the 7158:The American Air Museum, 6553:. Penton. Archived from 6207:Remak and Ventolo 2001, 5318:, June 1991, p. 28. 5264:Air & Space Magazine 5030:, 9 December 2013, p. 10 4290:Air & Space Magazine 3626:"Creating the Blackbird" 3581:AF serial number 61-7964 3328:S – left aft mission bay 3319:P – left aft mission bay 3094:Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird 2963:Seattle Museum of Flight 2862:Smithsonian Institution 2790:Barksdale Air Force Base 2261:Unmanned aerial vehicles 2092:15 April 1986 over Libya 2027: 1268:Synthetic Aperture Radar 1124:The SR-71 also required 864: 620:Detail of SR-71A at the 518:While the SR-71 carried 318:unmanned aerial vehicles 265:Clarence "Kelly" Johnson 112:Clarence "Kelly" Johnson 11756:Reconnaissance subtypes 11555:reconnaissance aircraft 11553:United States military 8578:aircraft and spacecraft 7983:Studies in Intelligence 7907:. St. Paul, Minnesota: 6956:16 October 2013 at the 4729:Rich & Janos (1994) 4236:Rich & Janos (1994) 4224:Rich & Janos (1994) 3974:"Lockheed B-71 (SR-71)" 3948:Cefaratt; Gill (2002). 3892:Rich & Janos (1994) 3446:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 3325:R – radio equipment bay 3186:Pratt & Whitney J58 3099:General characteristics 3063:Specifications (SR-71A) 2992:Lackland Air Force Base 2794:Bossier City, Louisiana 2778:. Crew ejected safely. 2568:Lost, 18 December 1969 2427:9th Reconnaissance Wing 2334:United States Air Force 2272:Northrop Grumman RQ-180 2141:Smithsonian Institution 1950:at Palmdale, California 1857:9th Reconnaissance Wing 1253:Itek Optical Bar Camera 1235:tracking camera and an 1229:electronic intelligence 1169:astro-inertial guidance 1082:during a flight in 1983 1069: 957:Pratt & Whitney J75 943:Pratt & Whitney J58 744:leading-edge extensions 721:and created additional 698:were incorporated into 640:Acquisition of titanium 534:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 403:Pratt & Whitney J75 399:Pratt & Whitney J58 277:United States Air Force 223:reconnaissance aircraft 132:United States Air Force 77:reconnaissance aircraft 58:Sierra Nevada Mountains 7909:MBI Publishing Company 7546:Warrior Flight Charity 7468:March Field Air Museum 6458:"1966 Lockheed SR-71." 5836:The Aviation Geek Club 4957:"The SR-71 Experience" 3804:, pp. 98, 100–101 3570:Blackbird with Canards 3088: 3080: 3072: 3014:Edwards Air Force Base 2919:March Air Reserve Base 2915:March Field Air Museum 2870:, Chantilly, Virginia 2734:Marysville, California 2643:Warner Robins, Georgia 2592:Edwards Air Force Base 2487: 2476: 2464: 2303:was a trainer variant. 2290: 2202: 2128: 2070: 1861:Edwards Air Force Base 1819: 1812: 1805:Response from Admiral 1777:Operation Desert Storm 1773:Norman Schwarzkopf Jr. 1701: 1517: 1436: 1318: 1310: 1290:surface-to-air missile 1216: 1177:celestial observations 1098: 1083: 738:, making it harder to 671: 656: 629: 579: 525:surface-to-air missile 508: 427:pre-1962 bomber series 422: 288:surface-to-air missile 32:SR-71 (disambiguation) 13192:" • 11459:Redesignated A-series 8766:C-130 Hercules family 8633:8-D, E & G Altair 8143:. Chico, California: 4613:Shul and O'Grady 1994 4123:"Senior Crown SR-71." 3760:The National Interest 3436:English Electric P.10 3086: 3078: 3070: 3028:Hill Aerospace Museum 2927:Riverside, California 2776:Las Vegas, New Mexico 2678:Castle Air Force Base 2639:Robins Air Force Base 2555:Tucumcari, New Mexico 2538:. Loaned to NASA as 2482: 2470: 2462: 2370:Strategic Air Command 2285: 2255:. The limitations of 2247:Lockheed Martin SR-72 2197: 2193:Department of Defense 2123: 2080:absolute speed record 2068: 1931:over the Soviet Union 1876:attempted to use the 1817: 1790: 1691: 1667:fire-control computer 1507: 1430: 1316: 1304: 1214: 1089: 1077: 666: 647: 619: 569: 520:radar countermeasures 506: 417: 296:aerial reconnaissance 13243:Signals intelligence 13169:Related designations 12807:Tri-service sequence 11662:Prefix R-, 1947–1962 11576:Prefix F-, 1930–1947 11429:Tri-Service sequence 8975:Shooting Star family 8839:L-188 Electra family 8700:Constellation family 8435:– via YouTube. 8064:Pace, Steve (2004). 7369:on 19 September 2021 7196:"SR-71A "Blackbird"" 7074:"SR-71A "Blackbird"" 6773:on 12 September 2019 6463:28 July 2011 at the 6443:"Blackbird Records." 6234:United States Senate 6039:– via YouTube. 5607:Donald 2003, p. 167. 5502:Shul, Brian (1994). 5378:Shul, Brian (1992). 5304:Donald 2003, p. 172. 5197:on 26 September 2012 4710:on 12 September 2019 4469:Goodall 2003, p. 19. 4448:Suhler 2009, ch. 10. 4439:Suhler 2009, p. 100. 4333:on 12 September 2019 3368:United States portal 2887:Palmdale, California 2730:Beale Air Force Base 2660:Eglin Air Force Base 2189:United States Senate 2137:Palmdale, California 2094:to evade a missile. 1491:Norwegian west coast 1378:Beale Air Force Base 1366:Palmdale, California 1207:Sensors and payloads 1165:Northrop Corporation 1096:Beale Air Force Base 1094:during testing near 1080:KC-135Q Stratotanker 607:fused ultrasonically 443:signals intelligence 410:Designation as SR-71 300:signals intelligence 227:Lockheed Corporation 97:Lockheed Corporation 13258:Supersonic aircraft 13075:Covert designations 12756:Fighter, multiplace 12420:Fighter (1948–1962) 11922:Pursuit (1924–1948) 8483:"Blackbird Diaries" 8345:10.2514/6.2009-1522 8213:I Know You Got Soul 7946:Lockheed Blackbirds 7903:Jenkins, Dennis R. 7674:u2sr71patches.co.uk 7411:"Blackbird Airpark" 7269:"SR-71 gets a lift" 7114:. Castle Air Museum 6911:"SR-71 #953 crash." 6693:The SR-71 Blackbird 5354:"SR-71 Maintenance" 5266:: 45. December 2014 4518:SR-71 Flight Manual 4401:on 8 December 2015. 3731:on 23 November 2016 3441:Handley Page HP.100 3401:Related development 3304:E – electronics bay 3301:D – right chine bay 3170:Max takeoff weight: 3032:Hill Air Force Base 2881:Blackbird Airpark, 2850:McMinnville, Oregon 2682:Atwater, California 2610:Kalamazoo, Michigan 2495: 2413:. England 1976–1990 2149:Chantilly, Virginia 2086:states in his book 1925:Francis Gary Powers 1902:(later renamed the 1671:ground-based radars 1536:. At the time, the 1351:Operational history 1327:David Clark Company 1309:in full flight suit 1126:in-flight refueling 807:Mach 3.2 in a 779:Complete powerplant 549:composite materials 380:Francis Gary Powers 358:, designed for the 273:radar cross-section 271:, with its reduced 65:General information 13194:1919–1924 sequence 11763:Converted fighters 10847:Original sequences 9006:Starfighter family 8271:Luftens Dirigenter 8210:Clarkson, Jeremy. 8176:Additional sources 7975:"The Oxcart Story" 7926:. Washington, DC: 7839:. Voyageur Press. 7715:, pp. 93, 223 6727:, pp. 109–110 6588:on 21 January 2014 6483:The New York Times 6094:, pp. 205–217 5877:Rossiyskaya Gazeta 5567:on 23 January 2017 4481:, May 2002, p. 33. 4197:globalaircraft.org 3089: 3081: 3073: 3059:in Dallas, Texas. 3057:Love Field Airport 2883:Air Force Plant 42 2811:Richmond, Virginia 2699:Hutchinson, Kansas 2635:Museum of Aviation 2557:, 25 January 1966 2493: 2488: 2477: 2465: 2419:Air Combat Command 2291: 2129: 2071: 1948:Air Force Plant 42 1927:is shot down in a 1882:U.S. Supreme Court 1820: 1719:Initial retirement 1702: 1518: 1437: 1389:Jerome F. O'Malley 1319: 1311: 1288:to try to confuse 1264:Goodyear Aerospace 1217: 1199:contained data on 1149:artificial horizon 1099: 1084: 937:Engine and nacelle 727:angle of incidence 712:front organization 688:stealth technology 672: 630: 622:Museum of Aviation 580: 509: 423: 13233:Lockheed aircraft 13200: 13199: 13070: 13069: 12802: 12801: 11907:post-1962 systems 11855: 11854: 11851: 11850: 11799:Converted bombers 11687: 11686: 11520: 11519: 11516: 11515: 11401:Long-range bomber 10983: 10982: 10789: 10788: 10778: 10777: 9333: 9332: 9128: 9127: 8937: 8936: 8664:12 Electra Junior 8402:Mach 1 and Beyond 8386:Popular Mechanics 8305:978-0-7566-1902-2 8269:Darwall, Bjarne. 8262:978-1-84603-319-3 8205:Popular Mechanics 8168:978-1-60086-712-5 8025:978-1-56347-933-5 7928:Smithsonian Books 7917:978-0-7603-0914-8 7755:Air International 7542:"Fear the Bunny!" 7495:"Lockheed SR-71A" 6557:on 11 August 2014 6421:. 10 October 2017 6314:"SR-71 Blackbird" 6183:, p. 194–195 6013:Look at time 5:57 5804:[Two common " 5436:, pp. 56–58. 5339:978-3-319-02901-6 5315:Popular Mechanics 4226:, p. 213-214 4135:on 17 April 2015. 4111:978-0-7603-3239-9 3980:on 4 October 2013 3959:978-1-56311-847-0 3929:on 9 October 2007 3835:. Business Times. 3821:, p. 126-127 3697:Los Angeles Times 3654:"Blackbird Facts" 3652:Merlin, Peter W. 3572:image for visual. 3048:SR-71C 64-17981) 3042: 3041: 2751:Ashland, Nebraska 2674:Castle Air Museum 2505:Location or fate 2499:AF serial number 2406:, Japan 1968–1990 2243: 2242: 2191:, chastising the 1953:7 December 1964: 1574:Soviet Air Forces 1566:Western Pomerania 1323:pressurized suits 1118:cruising altitude 592:thermal expansion 470:Lyndon B. Johnson 214:, high-altitude, 200: 199: 158:Introduction date 42:SR-71 "Blackbird" 16:(Redirected from 13275: 13248:Stealth aircraft 12998: 12922: 12813: 12812: 12730:Pursuit, biplace 12322: 11919: 11918: 11882: 11875: 11868: 11859: 11858: 11760: 11759: 11573: 11572: 11559:1962 Tri-Service 11547: 11540: 11533: 11524: 11523: 11456: 11455: 10853: 10852: 10816: 10809: 10802: 10793: 10792: 10751: 10746: 10736: 10716: 10706: 10681: 10676: 10661: 10651: 10641: 10626: 10621: 10600: 10599: 9808: 9803: 9793: 9753: 9738: 9698: 9678: 9636: 9140:Blackbird family 9137: 9136: 8949:Lightning family 8946: 8945: 8737:L-1649 Starliner 8669:14 Super Electra 8619: 8588: 8587: 8565: 8558: 8551: 8542: 8541: 8537: 8526: 8520: 8511: 8503: 8494: 8493:. December 2014. 8478: 8461: 8460:on 17 June 2014. 8459: 8446: 8436: 8378: 8376: 8374: 8368: 8356: 8354: 8352: 8347:. AIAA 2009-1522 8334: 8266: 8245: 8200:Brown, Kevin V. 8158:Suhler, Paul A. 8141:The Untouchables 8117: 8083: 8060: 8037: 8006: 8004: 8002: 7997:on 24 March 2024 7996: 7979: 7969: 7949: 7900: 7881: 7861: 7850: 7819:Goodall, James. 7797: 7785: 7774: 7759: 7748: 7716: 7710: 7704: 7698: 7692: 7689:flightmuseum.com 7683: 7677: 7661: 7655: 7654: 7652: 7650: 7639: 7633: 7632: 7630: 7628: 7613: 7607: 7606: 7604: 7602: 7588: 7582: 7581: 7579: 7577: 7563: 7557: 7556: 7554: 7552: 7538: 7532: 7531: 7529: 7527: 7513: 7507: 7506: 7504: 7502: 7491: 7485: 7483: 7481: 7479: 7470:. Archived from 7460: 7454: 7453: 7451: 7449: 7433: 7427: 7426: 7424: 7422: 7417:on 27 April 2021 7407: 7401: 7400: 7398: 7396: 7385: 7379: 7378: 7376: 7374: 7359: 7353: 7352: 7350: 7348: 7334: 7328: 7327: 7325: 7323: 7309: 7303: 7302: 7300: 7298: 7287: 7281: 7280: 7278: 7276: 7264: 7258: 7257: 7255: 7253: 7239: 7233: 7232: 7230: 7228: 7214: 7208: 7207: 7205: 7203: 7192: 7186: 7185: 7183: 7181: 7167: 7161: 7152: 7146: 7145: 7143: 7141: 7130: 7124: 7123: 7121: 7119: 7112:"Our Collection" 7108: 7102: 7092: 7086: 7085: 7083: 7081: 7070: 7064: 7063: 7061: 7059: 7045: 7039: 7038: 7036: 7034: 7020: 7014: 7013: 7011: 7009: 6995: 6989: 6988: 6986: 6984: 6970: 6964: 6951:SR-71A Blackbird 6948: 6942: 6941: 6939: 6937: 6923: 6917: 6908: 6902: 6897: 6891: 6890: 6876: 6870: 6869: 6867: 6865: 6851: 6845: 6844: 6842: 6840: 6826: 6820: 6807: 6801: 6800: 6789: 6783: 6782: 6780: 6778: 6769:. Archived from 6759: 6753: 6752: 6750: 6748: 6734: 6728: 6722: 6716: 6710: 6704: 6703: 6701: 6699: 6685: 6679: 6673: 6667: 6666: 6664: 6662: 6646: 6637: 6636:, pp. 56–58 6631: 6625: 6624: 6622: 6620: 6604: 6598: 6597: 6595: 6593: 6582:Flightglobal.com 6573: 6567: 6566: 6564: 6562: 6542: 6536: 6521: 6515: 6510: 6504: 6501: 6495: 6492: 6486: 6477: 6471: 6455: 6449: 6440: 6431: 6430: 6428: 6426: 6411: 6405: 6404: 6393: 6384: 6383: 6372: 6366: 6365:, pp. 77–78 6360: 6354: 6351: 6345: 6339: 6333: 6332: 6330: 6328: 6318: 6310: 6304: 6299: 6293: 6288: 6282: 6279: 6270: 6265: 6259: 6254: 6248: 6243: 6237: 6236:, May–June 1993. 6230: 6219: 6214: 6208: 6205: 6196: 6193:Crickmore (1997) 6190: 6184: 6178: 6172: 6171:, pp. 84–85 6169:Crickmore (1997) 6166: 6160: 6154: 6148: 6143: 6137: 6132: 6126: 6123: 6117: 6112: 6106: 6101: 6095: 6089: 6083: 6082: 6076: 6074: 6050: 6041: 6040: 6038: 6036: 6025:OConnor, Kelly. 6022: 6016: 6015: 6010: 6008: 5989: 5983: 5980: 5974: 5973: 5957: 5951: 5950: 5934: 5928: 5927: 5908:System 37 Viggen 5903: 5897: 5896: 5890: 5888: 5862: 5856: 5855: 5849: 5847: 5827: 5810: 5809: 5794: 5792: 5770: 5747: 5746: 5744: 5742: 5734:Haynes, Leland. 5731: 5725: 5724: 5718: 5716: 5694: 5688: 5687: 5677: 5671: 5670: 5660: 5654: 5649: 5643: 5640: 5634: 5633: 5631: 5629: 5623:Breaking Defense 5614: 5608: 5605: 5599: 5596: 5590: 5583: 5577: 5576: 5574: 5572: 5566: 5559: 5551: 5545: 5544:, pp. 62–64 5542:Crickmore (1997) 5539: 5530: 5527:Crickmore (1997) 5524: 5518: 5517: 5504:The Untouchables 5499: 5490: 5489: 5487: 5485: 5470: 5464: 5463: 5461: 5459: 5443: 5437: 5434:Crickmore (1997) 5431: 5425: 5424: 5422: 5420: 5411:. Archived from 5400: 5394: 5393: 5375: 5369: 5368: 5366: 5364: 5350: 5344: 5343: 5325: 5319: 5311: 5305: 5302: 5296: 5287: 5276: 5275: 5273: 5271: 5256: 5250: 5247:Crickmore (1997) 5244: 5238: 5235:Crickmore (1997) 5232: 5226: 5223:Crickmore (1997) 5220: 5207: 5206: 5204: 5202: 5196: 5189: 5178: 5172: 5171: 5160: 5154: 5153: 5142: 5136: 5135: 5124: 5118: 5117: 5106: 5100: 5099: 5088: 5082: 5081: 5070: 5064: 5063: 5062:. 6 August 2013. 5052: 5046: 5037: 5031: 5024: 5018: 5015:Crickmore (2004) 5012: 5006: 5005:, pp. 38–39 5000: 4994: 4991: 4985: 4979: 4973: 4972: 4970: 4968: 4952: 4946: 4940: 4934: 4933: 4926:Brown, William. 4923: 4917: 4906: 4900: 4897: 4891: 4888: 4882: 4876: 4870: 4864: 4858: 4855: 4849: 4843: 4837: 4836: 4829: 4823: 4817: 4811: 4808: 4802: 4796: 4790: 4784: 4778: 4775: 4769: 4763: 4757: 4756: 4754: 4752: 4738: 4732: 4726: 4720: 4719: 4717: 4715: 4700: 4694: 4688: 4682: 4681:, pp. 42–43 4679:Crickmore (1997) 4676: 4670: 4664: 4658: 4655: 4649: 4646: 4640: 4639: 4632: 4626: 4620: 4614: 4611: 4600: 4594: 4588: 4582: 4576: 4573: 4567: 4564: 4558: 4555: 4549: 4548: 4541:SAE Transactions 4532: 4523: 4522: 4512: 4506: 4500: 4494: 4488: 4482: 4476: 4470: 4467: 4461: 4460:May 2002, p. 36. 4455: 4449: 4446: 4440: 4437: 4431: 4421: 4415: 4409: 4403: 4402: 4397:. Archived from 4387: 4378: 4377: 4375: 4373: 4361: 4352: 4349: 4343: 4342: 4340: 4338: 4329:. Archived from 4319: 4313: 4307: 4301: 4300: 4298: 4296: 4286:"The Real X-Jet" 4281: 4275: 4269: 4263: 4257: 4251: 4245: 4239: 4233: 4227: 4221: 4215: 4210: 4204: 4194:"MiG-25 Foxbat." 4191: 4182: 4177: 4171: 4165: 4159: 4158:, pp. 30–31 4156:Crickmore (2009) 4153: 4147: 4142: 4136: 4120: 4114: 4103: 4097: 4091: 4085: 4079: 4073: 4068: 4062: 4056: 4050: 4049:, pp. 14–15 4044: 4038: 4037: 4028: 4017: 4011: 4005: 4004:, pp. 56–57 3999: 3990: 3989: 3987: 3985: 3970: 3964: 3963: 3945: 3939: 3938: 3936: 3934: 3916: 3907: 3901: 3895: 3889: 3883: 3874: 3861: 3855: 3849: 3843: 3837: 3836: 3828: 3822: 3816: 3805: 3799: 3784: 3781: 3772: 3771: 3769: 3767: 3750: 3741: 3740: 3738: 3736: 3727:. Archived from 3714: 3708: 3707: 3705: 3703: 3688: 3682: 3681: 3679: 3677: 3672:on 11 March 2014 3671: 3658: 3649: 3643: 3642: 3640: 3638: 3622: 3616: 3613:Crickmore (1997) 3610: 3591: 3588: 3582: 3579: 3573: 3566: 3560: 3549: 3543: 3536: 3530: 3527:Crickmore (2000) 3524: 3518: 3515:Crickmore (2000) 3511: 3505: 3494: 3381: 3370: 3365: 3364: 3363: 3356: 3351: 3350: 3349: 3277: 3246:Service ceiling: 3223: 3101: 2496: 2492: 2327: 2325: 2324: 2238: 2235: 2229: 2217: 2216: 2209: 2088:The Untouchables 2045:Marta Bohn-Meyer 1867:Final retirement 1810: 1807:Richard C. Macke 1741:strategic bomber 1656:state-of-the-art 1628:Finow-Eberswalde 1485:European flights 1221:infrared imagery 1060: 1047: 1016: 1003: 990: 924: 911: 898: 855: 842: 829: 736:angles of attack 676:stealth aircraft 306:, and a camera. 169:22 December 1964 51: 39: 38: 21: 13283: 13282: 13278: 13277: 13276: 13274: 13273: 13272: 13203: 13202: 13201: 13196: 13187: 13180: 13164: 13066: 13033: 12996: 12920: 12808: 12798: 12772: 12751: 12725: 12415: 12320: 11914: 11908: 11886: 11856: 11847: 11794: 11751: 11739: 11733: 11716: 11710: 11693: 11683: 11657: 11568: 11562: 11551: 11521: 11512: 11496: 11475: 11447: 11430: 11424: 11402: 11396: 10989: 10979: 10953: 10932: 10848: 10842: 10820: 10790: 10785: 10774: 10749: 10744: 10734: 10714: 10704: 10679: 10674: 10659: 10649: 10639: 10624: 10619: 10598: 9806: 9801: 9791: 9751: 9736: 9696: 9676: 9634: 9601: 9594: 9578: 9527: 9496: 9395: 9359: 9329: 9290:Desert Hawk III 9280:Cormorant (UAV) 9258: 9244:YO-3 Quiet Star 9222: 9198:P2V/P-2 Neptune 9176:Maritime patrol 9171: 9152:SR-71 Blackbird 9124: 9068: 9037: 9001: 8970: 8942:Fighter-bombers 8933: 8870: 8834: 8761: 8695: 8647: 8617: 8579: 8576:Lockheed Martin 8569: 8518: 8514: 8506: 8481: 8457: 8444: 8429: 8426: 8421: 8381:Pappas, Terry. 8372: 8370: 8366: 8350: 8348: 8332: 8310:Hobson, Chris. 8263: 8242: 8173: 8114: 8080: 8068:. Swindon, UK: 8026: 8000: 7998: 7994: 7977: 7958: 7897: 7870: 7847: 7794: 7724: 7719: 7711: 7707: 7699: 7695: 7684: 7680: 7671:Wayback Machine 7662: 7658: 7648: 7646: 7641: 7640: 7636: 7626: 7624: 7614: 7610: 7600: 7598: 7590: 7589: 7585: 7575: 7573: 7565: 7564: 7560: 7550: 7548: 7540: 7539: 7535: 7525: 7523: 7515: 7514: 7510: 7500: 7498: 7493: 7492: 7488: 7477: 7475: 7474:on 4 March 2000 7462: 7461: 7457: 7447: 7445: 7434: 7430: 7420: 7418: 7409: 7408: 7404: 7394: 7392: 7387: 7386: 7382: 7372: 7370: 7361: 7360: 7356: 7346: 7344: 7336: 7335: 7331: 7321: 7319: 7311: 7310: 7306: 7296: 7294: 7289: 7288: 7284: 7274: 7272: 7265: 7261: 7251: 7249: 7241: 7240: 7236: 7226: 7224: 7216: 7215: 7211: 7201: 7199: 7194: 7193: 7189: 7179: 7177: 7169: 7168: 7164: 7153: 7149: 7139: 7137: 7132: 7131: 7127: 7117: 7115: 7110: 7109: 7105: 7093: 7089: 7079: 7077: 7072: 7071: 7067: 7057: 7055: 7047: 7046: 7042: 7032: 7030: 7022: 7021: 7017: 7007: 7005: 6997: 6996: 6992: 6982: 6980: 6972: 6971: 6967: 6958:Wayback Machine 6949: 6945: 6935: 6933: 6925: 6924: 6920: 6909: 6905: 6898: 6894: 6878: 6877: 6873: 6863: 6861: 6853: 6852: 6848: 6838: 6836: 6828: 6827: 6823: 6817:Wayback Machine 6808: 6804: 6791: 6790: 6786: 6776: 6774: 6767:Mybaseguide.com 6761: 6760: 6756: 6746: 6744: 6736: 6735: 6731: 6723: 6719: 6711: 6707: 6697: 6695: 6687: 6686: 6682: 6678:, p. 62,75 6674: 6670: 6660: 6658: 6647: 6640: 6632: 6628: 6618: 6616: 6605: 6601: 6591: 6589: 6574: 6570: 6560: 6558: 6543: 6539: 6522: 6518: 6511: 6507: 6502: 6498: 6493: 6489: 6485:, 7 March 1990. 6478: 6474: 6465:Wayback Machine 6456: 6452: 6441: 6434: 6424: 6422: 6413: 6412: 6408: 6401:Voodoo-world.cz 6395: 6394: 6387: 6374: 6373: 6369: 6361: 6357: 6352: 6348: 6340: 6336: 6326: 6324: 6316: 6312: 6311: 6307: 6300: 6296: 6289: 6285: 6280: 6273: 6266: 6262: 6255: 6251: 6244: 6240: 6231: 6222: 6215: 6211: 6206: 6199: 6191: 6187: 6179: 6175: 6167: 6163: 6155: 6151: 6144: 6140: 6133: 6129: 6124: 6120: 6113: 6109: 6102: 6098: 6090: 6086: 6072: 6070: 6051: 6044: 6034: 6032: 6023: 6019: 6006: 6004: 5991: 5990: 5986: 5981: 5977: 5959: 5958: 5954: 5936: 5935: 5931: 5904: 5900: 5886: 5884: 5863: 5859: 5845: 5843: 5828: 5813: 5790: 5788: 5771: 5750: 5740: 5738: 5732: 5728: 5714: 5712: 5711:on 4 April 2014 5695: 5691: 5679: 5678: 5674: 5662: 5661: 5657: 5650: 5646: 5641: 5637: 5627: 5625: 5615: 5611: 5606: 5602: 5597: 5593: 5584: 5580: 5570: 5568: 5564: 5557: 5553: 5552: 5548: 5540: 5533: 5525: 5521: 5514: 5500: 5493: 5483: 5481: 5472: 5471: 5467: 5457: 5455: 5454:. Erik Johnston 5445: 5444: 5440: 5432: 5428: 5418: 5416: 5401: 5397: 5390: 5376: 5372: 5362: 5360: 5352: 5351: 5347: 5340: 5326: 5322: 5312: 5308: 5303: 5299: 5288: 5279: 5269: 5267: 5258: 5257: 5253: 5245: 5241: 5233: 5229: 5221: 5210: 5200: 5198: 5194: 5187: 5179: 5175: 5162: 5161: 5157: 5144: 5143: 5139: 5126: 5125: 5121: 5108: 5107: 5103: 5090: 5089: 5085: 5072: 5071: 5067: 5054: 5053: 5049: 5038: 5034: 5025: 5021: 5013: 5009: 5001: 4997: 4992: 4988: 4980: 4976: 4966: 4964: 4953: 4949: 4941: 4937: 4924: 4920: 4907: 4903: 4898: 4894: 4889: 4885: 4877: 4873: 4865: 4861: 4856: 4852: 4844: 4840: 4831: 4830: 4826: 4818: 4814: 4809: 4805: 4797: 4793: 4785: 4781: 4776: 4772: 4764: 4760: 4750: 4748: 4740: 4739: 4735: 4727: 4723: 4713: 4711: 4702: 4701: 4697: 4689: 4685: 4677: 4673: 4665: 4661: 4656: 4652: 4647: 4643: 4634: 4633: 4629: 4621: 4617: 4612: 4603: 4595: 4591: 4583: 4579: 4574: 4570: 4565: 4561: 4556: 4552: 4533: 4526: 4514: 4513: 4509: 4501: 4497: 4489: 4485: 4477: 4473: 4468: 4464: 4456: 4452: 4447: 4443: 4438: 4434: 4422: 4418: 4410: 4406: 4389: 4388: 4381: 4371: 4369: 4362: 4355: 4350: 4346: 4336: 4334: 4321: 4320: 4316: 4308: 4304: 4294: 4292: 4282: 4278: 4270: 4266: 4258: 4254: 4248:McIninch (1971) 4246: 4242: 4234: 4230: 4222: 4218: 4211: 4207: 4192: 4185: 4178: 4174: 4166: 4162: 4154: 4150: 4143: 4139: 4121: 4117: 4104: 4100: 4092: 4088: 4080: 4076: 4071:McIninch (1971) 4069: 4065: 4057: 4053: 4047:McIninch (1971) 4045: 4041: 4030: 4029: 4020: 4014:McIninch (1971) 4012: 4008: 4000: 3993: 3983: 3981: 3972: 3971: 3967: 3960: 3946: 3942: 3932: 3930: 3917: 3910: 3904:McIninch (1971) 3902: 3898: 3890: 3886: 3880:records.fai.org 3875: 3864: 3856: 3852: 3844: 3840: 3829: 3825: 3817: 3808: 3800: 3787: 3782: 3775: 3765: 3763: 3751: 3744: 3734: 3732: 3715: 3711: 3701: 3699: 3689: 3685: 3675: 3673: 3669: 3656: 3650: 3646: 3636: 3634: 3631:Lockheed Martin 3624: 3623: 3619: 3611: 3604: 3600: 3595: 3594: 3589: 3585: 3580: 3576: 3567: 3563: 3550: 3546: 3537: 3533: 3525: 3521: 3512: 3508: 3502:Lockheed Martin 3498:Martin Marietta 3495: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3379: 3366: 3361: 3359: 3354:Aviation portal 3352: 3347: 3345: 3342: 3278: 3273: 3219: 3189: 3127: 3097: 3065: 2540:"YF-12C #06937" 2536:Tucson, Arizona 2457: 2404:Kadena Air Base 2322: 2320: 2317: 2280: 2249: 2239: 2233: 2230: 2227: 2218: 2214: 2207: 2200:reconnaissance. 2063: 2030: 1994: 1917: 1912: 1884:ruled that the 1869: 1811: 1804: 1789: 1721: 1652:service ceiling 1632:MiG-25 "Foxbat" 1546:Gulf of Finland 1487: 1414:Lockheed Martin 1408:in March 1990. 1385:Kadena Air Base 1358: 1353: 1299: 1284:that he used a 1262:SLAR, built by 1237:infrared camera 1209: 1161: 1072: 1065: 1061: 1052: 1048: 1028: 1021: 1017: 1008: 1004: 995: 991: 945: 939: 932: 925: 916: 912: 903: 899: 867: 860: 856: 847: 843: 834: 830: 781: 776: 700:sawtooth-shaped 661: 642: 553:distilled water 542: 507:Forward cockpit 501: 496: 487:Robert McNamara 466:Barry Goldwater 451:covert missions 412: 352: 346: 341: 256:, requested by 252:variant of the 210:" is a retired 186: 140: 115: 83:National origin 35: 28: 23: 22: 18:SR-71 Blackbird 15: 12: 11: 5: 13281: 13271: 13270: 13265: 13260: 13255: 13250: 13245: 13240: 13235: 13230: 13225: 13220: 13215: 13198: 13197: 13185: 13182: 13181: 13179: 13178: 13172: 13170: 13166: 13165: 13163: 13162: 13157: 13156: 13155: 13150: 13142: 13141: 13140: 13130: 13129: 13128: 13118: 13117: 13116: 13108: 13107: 13106: 13096: 13095: 13094: 13089: 13078: 13076: 13072: 13071: 13068: 13067: 13065: 13064: 13059: 13058: 13057: 13052: 13041: 13039: 13038:Non-sequential 13035: 13034: 13032: 13031: 13026: 13025: 13024: 13019: 13009: 13004: 12999: 12994: 12993: 12992: 12987: 12977: 12972: 12971: 12970: 12965: 12955: 12954: 12953: 12948: 12943: 12938: 12928: 12923: 12918: 12917: 12916: 12906: 12901: 12896: 12895: 12894: 12884: 12879: 12874: 12869: 12868: 12867: 12857: 12856: 12855: 12845: 12840: 12835: 12834: 12833: 12828: 12819: 12817: 12810: 12809:(1962–present) 12804: 12803: 12800: 12799: 12797: 12796: 12791: 12786: 12780: 12778: 12777:Non-sequential 12774: 12773: 12771: 12770: 12765: 12759: 12757: 12753: 12752: 12750: 12749: 12744: 12739: 12733: 12731: 12727: 12726: 12724: 12723: 12722: 12721: 12716: 12711: 12706: 12701: 12691: 12686: 12681: 12676: 12671: 12670: 12669: 12664: 12656: 12651: 12650: 12649: 12644: 12639: 12629: 12624: 12623: 12622: 12612: 12607: 12606: 12605: 12595: 12590: 12585: 12580: 12575: 12570: 12565: 12560: 12555: 12550: 12545: 12540: 12535: 12530: 12529: 12528: 12523: 12513: 12508: 12507: 12506: 12501: 12491: 12486: 12481: 12476: 12471: 12466: 12465: 12464: 12454: 12449: 12444: 12439: 12434: 12429: 12423: 12421: 12417: 12416: 12414: 12413: 12408: 12403: 12398: 12393: 12388: 12383: 12378: 12373: 12368: 12363: 12358: 12353: 12348: 12343: 12338: 12333: 12328: 12323: 12318: 12313: 12308: 12303: 12298: 12293: 12288: 12283: 12278: 12273: 12268: 12263: 12258: 12253: 12248: 12247: 12246: 12241: 12233: 12228: 12223: 12218: 12213: 12208: 12203: 12198: 12193: 12188: 12183: 12178: 12173: 12168: 12163: 12158: 12153: 12148: 12143: 12138: 12137: 12136: 12126: 12121: 12116: 12111: 12106: 12101: 12096: 12091: 12086: 12081: 12076: 12071: 12066: 12061: 12056: 12051: 12046: 12041: 12036: 12031: 12026: 12021: 12016: 12011: 12006: 12001: 11996: 11991: 11986: 11981: 11976: 11971: 11966: 11961: 11956: 11955: 11954: 11949: 11941: 11936: 11931: 11925: 11923: 11916: 11913:1924 sequences 11910: 11909: 11885: 11884: 11877: 11870: 11862: 11853: 11852: 11849: 11848: 11846: 11845: 11840: 11839: 11838: 11833: 11823: 11818: 11813: 11808: 11802: 11800: 11796: 11795: 11793: 11792: 11787: 11782: 11777: 11772: 11766: 11764: 11757: 11753: 11752: 11750: 11749: 11743: 11741: 11740:(1962–present) 11735: 11734: 11732: 11731: 11726: 11720: 11718: 11717:(1964–present) 11712: 11711: 11709: 11708: 11703: 11697: 11695: 11689: 11688: 11685: 11684: 11682: 11681: 11676: 11671: 11665: 11663: 11659: 11658: 11656: 11655: 11650: 11645: 11640: 11635: 11630: 11625: 11620: 11615: 11610: 11605: 11600: 11595: 11590: 11585: 11579: 11577: 11570: 11564: 11563: 11550: 11549: 11542: 11535: 11527: 11518: 11517: 11514: 11513: 11511: 11510: 11504: 11502: 11498: 11497: 11495: 11494: 11489: 11483: 11481: 11477: 11476: 11474: 11473: 11468: 11462: 11460: 11453: 11452:Non-sequential 11449: 11448: 11446: 11445: 11440: 11434: 11432: 11431:(1962–current) 11426: 11425: 11423: 11422: 11417: 11412: 11406: 11404: 11398: 11397: 11395: 11394: 11389: 11384: 11379: 11374: 11369: 11364: 11359: 11354: 11349: 11344: 11339: 11334: 11329: 11324: 11323: 11322: 11317: 11307: 11302: 11297: 11292: 11287: 11282: 11277: 11276: 11275: 11265: 11260: 11255: 11254: 11253: 11243: 11238: 11233: 11228: 11223: 11218: 11213: 11208: 11203: 11198: 11193: 11192: 11191: 11186: 11176: 11171: 11166: 11161: 11156: 11151: 11146: 11145: 11144: 11134: 11129: 11124: 11119: 11114: 11109: 11104: 11099: 11094: 11089: 11084: 11079: 11074: 11069: 11064: 11059: 11054: 11049: 11044: 11039: 11034: 11029: 11024: 11019: 11014: 11009: 11004: 10999: 10993: 10991: 10985: 10984: 10981: 10980: 10978: 10977: 10972: 10967: 10961: 10959: 10955: 10954: 10952: 10951: 10946: 10940: 10938: 10934: 10933: 10931: 10930: 10925: 10920: 10915: 10910: 10905: 10900: 10895: 10890: 10885: 10880: 10875: 10870: 10865: 10859: 10857: 10850: 10844: 10843: 10819: 10818: 10811: 10804: 10796: 10787: 10786: 10783: 10780: 10779: 10776: 10775: 10773: 10772: 10767: 10762: 10757: 10752: 10747: 10742: 10737: 10732: 10727: 10722: 10717: 10712: 10707: 10702: 10697: 10692: 10687: 10682: 10677: 10672: 10667: 10662: 10657: 10652: 10647: 10642: 10637: 10632: 10627: 10622: 10617: 10612: 10606: 10604: 10597: 10596: 10591: 10586: 10581: 10576: 10571: 10566: 10561: 10556: 10551: 10546: 10541: 10536: 10531: 10526: 10521: 10516: 10511: 10506: 10501: 10496: 10491: 10486: 10481: 10480: 10479: 10469: 10464: 10459: 10454: 10449: 10444: 10439: 10434: 10429: 10424: 10419: 10414: 10409: 10404: 10399: 10394: 10389: 10384: 10379: 10374: 10369: 10364: 10359: 10354: 10349: 10344: 10339: 10334: 10329: 10324: 10319: 10314: 10309: 10304: 10299: 10294: 10289: 10284: 10279: 10274: 10269: 10264: 10259: 10254: 10249: 10244: 10239: 10234: 10229: 10224: 10219: 10214: 10209: 10204: 10199: 10194: 10189: 10184: 10179: 10174: 10169: 10164: 10159: 10154: 10149: 10144: 10139: 10134: 10129: 10124: 10119: 10114: 10109: 10104: 10099: 10094: 10089: 10084: 10079: 10074: 10069: 10064: 10059: 10054: 10049: 10044: 10039: 10034: 10029: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10009: 10004: 9999: 9994: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9974: 9969: 9964: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9924: 9919: 9914: 9909: 9904: 9899: 9894: 9889: 9884: 9879: 9874: 9869: 9864: 9859: 9854: 9849: 9844: 9839: 9834: 9829: 9824: 9819: 9814: 9809: 9804: 9799: 9794: 9789: 9784: 9779: 9774: 9769: 9764: 9759: 9754: 9749: 9744: 9739: 9734: 9729: 9724: 9719: 9714: 9709: 9704: 9699: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9679: 9674: 9669: 9664: 9659: 9654: 9653: 9652: 9642: 9637: 9632: 9627: 9622: 9617: 9612: 9606: 9604: 9596: 9595: 9593: 9592: 9586: 9584: 9580: 9579: 9577: 9576: 9571: 9566: 9561: 9556: 9551: 9546: 9541: 9535: 9533: 9529: 9528: 9526: 9525: 9520: 9515: 9510: 9504: 9502: 9501:Light aircraft 9498: 9497: 9495: 9494: 9489: 9484: 9479: 9474: 9469: 9464: 9459: 9454: 9449: 9444: 9439: 9434: 9429: 9424: 9419: 9414: 9409: 9403: 9401: 9397: 9396: 9394: 9393: 9388: 9383: 9381:AH-56 Cheyenne 9378: 9373: 9367: 9365: 9361: 9360: 9358: 9357: 9352: 9347: 9341: 9339: 9335: 9334: 9331: 9330: 9328: 9327: 9322: 9317: 9312: 9307: 9302: 9297: 9292: 9287: 9282: 9277: 9272: 9266: 9264: 9260: 9259: 9257: 9256: 9251: 9246: 9241: 9236: 9230: 9228: 9224: 9223: 9221: 9220: 9215: 9210: 9205: 9200: 9195: 9190: 9185: 9179: 9177: 9173: 9172: 9170: 9169: 9164: 9159: 9154: 9149: 9143: 9141: 9134: 9133:Reconnaissance 9130: 9129: 9126: 9125: 9123: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9102: 9097: 9092: 9087: 9082: 9076: 9074: 9070: 9069: 9067: 9066: 9061: 9056: 9051: 9045: 9043: 9039: 9038: 9036: 9035: 9030: 9025: 9020: 9015: 9009: 9007: 9003: 9002: 9000: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8984: 8978: 8976: 8972: 8971: 8969: 8968: 8963: 8958: 8952: 8950: 8943: 8939: 8938: 8935: 8934: 8932: 8931: 8926: 8924:Vega Starliner 8921: 8916: 8911: 8910: 8909: 8902:L-1011 Tristar 8899: 8894: 8889: 8884: 8878: 8876: 8872: 8871: 8869: 8868: 8863: 8858: 8853: 8848: 8842: 8840: 8836: 8835: 8833: 8832: 8827: 8822: 8817: 8812: 8807: 8806: 8805: 8795: 8790: 8785: 8780: 8775: 8769: 8767: 8763: 8762: 8760: 8759: 8754: 8749: 8744: 8739: 8734: 8729: 8724: 8719: 8714: 8709: 8703: 8701: 8697: 8696: 8694: 8693: 8688: 8683: 8678: 8677: 8676: 8666: 8661: 8655: 8653: 8652:Electra family 8649: 8648: 8646: 8645: 8640: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8605: 8600: 8598:1 & 2 Vega 8594: 8592: 8585: 8581: 8580: 8568: 8567: 8560: 8553: 8545: 8539: 8538: 8527: 8512: 8504: 8500:"SR-71 Online" 8498:Kucher, Paul. 8495: 8479: 8462: 8437: 8425: 8424:External links 8422: 8420: 8419: 8397: 8389: 8379: 8357: 8323: 8308: 8293: 8282: 8267: 8261: 8246: 8240: 8225: 8208: 8198: 8179: 8172: 8171: 8156: 8137: 8118: 8112: 8099: 8084: 8078: 8061: 8044:Air Enthusiast 8038: 8024: 8007: 7970: 7957:978-1580070867 7956: 7939: 7922:Johnson, C.L. 7920: 7901: 7896:978-0760343272 7895: 7882: 7869:978-0760301227 7868: 7851: 7845: 7832: 7817: 7798: 7793:978-1841760988 7792: 7775: 7760: 7749: 7745:Newspapers.com 7725: 7723: 7720: 7718: 7717: 7705: 7693: 7678: 7656: 7634: 7608: 7583: 7558: 7533: 7508: 7486: 7455: 7442:Plane Historia 7428: 7402: 7380: 7354: 7329: 7304: 7282: 7259: 7234: 7209: 7187: 7162: 7147: 7125: 7103: 7087: 7065: 7040: 7015: 6990: 6965: 6943: 6918: 6903: 6892: 6871: 6846: 6821: 6802: 6797:Blackbirds.net 6784: 6754: 6729: 6717: 6705: 6680: 6668: 6638: 6626: 6599: 6568: 6537: 6516: 6505: 6496: 6487: 6472: 6450: 6432: 6406: 6385: 6367: 6355: 6346: 6334: 6305: 6294: 6283: 6271: 6260: 6249: 6238: 6220: 6209: 6197: 6185: 6173: 6161: 6149: 6138: 6127: 6118: 6107: 6096: 6084: 6042: 6017: 5984: 5975: 5952: 5929: 5898: 5857: 5811: 5787:on 10 May 2018 5748: 5726: 5689: 5672: 5655: 5644: 5635: 5609: 5600: 5598:Hobson p. 269. 5591: 5578: 5546: 5531: 5519: 5512: 5491: 5465: 5438: 5426: 5415:on 6 July 2019 5395: 5389:978-1857800029 5388: 5370: 5358:Blackbirds.net 5345: 5338: 5320: 5306: 5297: 5277: 5251: 5239: 5227: 5208: 5173: 5155: 5137: 5119: 5101: 5083: 5065: 5047: 5032: 5019: 5007: 4995: 4986: 4974: 4947: 4935: 4918: 4901: 4892: 4883: 4871: 4859: 4850: 4838: 4824: 4812: 4803: 4791: 4779: 4770: 4758: 4733: 4721: 4695: 4683: 4671: 4659: 4650: 4641: 4627: 4615: 4601: 4589: 4577: 4568: 4559: 4550: 4524: 4507: 4495: 4483: 4471: 4462: 4450: 4441: 4432: 4416: 4404: 4379: 4353: 4344: 4314: 4302: 4276: 4264: 4252: 4240: 4228: 4216: 4205: 4183: 4172: 4160: 4148: 4137: 4115: 4098: 4086: 4074: 4063: 4061:, pp. 4–5 4051: 4039: 4018: 4006: 3991: 3965: 3958: 3940: 3908: 3896: 3884: 3862: 3850: 3838: 3823: 3806: 3785: 3773: 3742: 3709: 3683: 3644: 3617: 3601: 3599: 3596: 3593: 3592: 3583: 3574: 3561: 3544: 3531: 3519: 3506: 3488: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3476: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3454: 3453: 3448: 3443: 3438: 3433: 3422: 3421: 3419:Lockheed YF-12 3416: 3415: 3414: 3398: 3397: 3392: 3387: 3382: 3372: 3371: 3357: 3341: 3338: 3337: 3336: 3335: 3334: 3333: 3332: 3329: 3326: 3323: 3320: 3317: 3314: 3311: 3308: 3305: 3302: 3299: 3298:A – nose radar 3293: 3292: 3286: 3271: 3270: 3261: 3255: 3252:Rate of climb: 3249: 3243: 3237: 3234:Maximum speed: 3231: 3228:Maximum speed: 3217: 3216: 3215: 3214: 3213: 3212: 3211: 3210: 3204: 3191: 3190: 3179: 3176:Fuel capacity: 3173: 3167: 3161: 3155: 3146: 3140: 3134: 3128: 3121: 3115: 3109: 3064: 3061: 3040: 3039: 3025: 3022: 3018: 3017: 3007: 3004: 3000: 2999: 2989: 2986: 2982: 2981: 2974: 2971: 2967: 2966: 2959: 2956: 2952: 2951: 2937: 2934: 2930: 2929: 2912: 2909: 2905: 2904: 2901:Mariana Trench 2897: 2894: 2890: 2889: 2879: 2876: 2872: 2871: 2860: 2857: 2853: 2852: 2843: 2840: 2836: 2835: 2832: 2829: 2825: 2824: 2821: 2818: 2814: 2813: 2804: 2801: 2797: 2796: 2787: 2784: 2780: 2779: 2772: 2769: 2765: 2764: 2761: 2758: 2754: 2753: 2744: 2741: 2737: 2736: 2727: 2724: 2720: 2719: 2709: 2706: 2702: 2701: 2692: 2689: 2685: 2684: 2676:at the former 2671: 2668: 2664: 2663: 2653: 2650: 2646: 2645: 2632: 2629: 2625: 2624: 2621: 2618: 2614: 2613: 2603: 2600: 2596: 2595: 2588: 2585: 2581: 2580: 2577: 2574: 2570: 2569: 2566: 2563: 2559: 2558: 2551: 2548: 2544: 2543: 2525: 2522: 2518: 2517: 2514: 2511: 2507: 2506: 2503: 2500: 2483:SR-71A at the 2456: 2453: 2452: 2451: 2436: 2435: 2431: 2430: 2425:Detachment 2, 2422: 2421: 2416: 2415: 2414: 2411:RAF Mildenhall 2409:Detachment 4, 2407: 2402:Detachment 1, 2400: 2394: 2385: 2384: 2373: 2372: 2367: 2366: 2365: 2362: 2356: 2355: 2344: 2343: 2330: 2329: 2316: 2313: 2312: 2311: 2304: 2298: 2279: 2276: 2245:Main article: 2241: 2240: 2221: 2219: 2212: 2206: 2203: 2187:addressed the 2173: 2172: 2169: 2166: 2156: 2062: 2059: 2058: 2057: 2054: 2051: 2048: 2041: 2034: 2029: 2026: 2025: 2024: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2008: 2005: 2002:RAF Mildenhall 1998: 1993: 1990: 1989: 1988: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1968: 1965: 1961: 1958: 1951: 1944: 1941: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1921: 1916: 1913: 1911: 1908: 1878:line-item veto 1868: 1865: 1828:Thomas F. Hall 1802: 1788: 1785: 1765:Kola Peninsula 1720: 1717: 1530:Danish straits 1522:Baltic Express 1499:Northern Fleet 1495:Kola Peninsula 1486: 1483: 1471: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1431:Early project 1398:RAF Mildenhall 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1340:heat exchanger 1298: 1295: 1208: 1205: 1185:AGM-48 Skybolt 1160: 1157: 1106:triethylborane 1092:KC-10 Extender 1071: 1068: 1067: 1066: 1062: 1055: 1053: 1049: 1042: 1040: 1039:Ejector-nozzle 1027: 1026:Ejector Nozzle 1024: 1023: 1022: 1018: 1011: 1009: 1005: 998: 996: 992: 985: 983: 982:Engine/nacelle 967: 966: 963: 960: 953: 948:3.2 included: 941:Main article: 938: 935: 934: 933: 926: 919: 917: 913: 906: 904: 900: 893: 891: 866: 863: 862: 861: 857: 850: 848: 844: 837: 835: 831: 824: 822: 780: 777: 775: 772: 660: 657: 641: 638: 541: 538: 500: 497: 495: 492: 431:XB-70 Valkyrie 411: 408: 348:Main article: 345: 342: 340: 337: 333:Lockheed YF-12 298:role included 204:Lockheed SR-71 198: 197: 192: 191:Developed from 188: 187: 185: 184: 181: 177: 175: 171: 170: 167: 163: 162: 159: 155: 154: 150: 149: 146: 142: 141: 135: 129: 125: 124: 121: 117: 116: 110: 104: 100: 99: 94: 88: 87: 84: 80: 79: 71: 67: 66: 62: 61: 53: 52: 44: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 13280: 13269: 13266: 13264: 13261: 13259: 13256: 13254: 13251: 13249: 13246: 13244: 13241: 13239: 13238:NASA aircraft 13236: 13234: 13231: 13229: 13226: 13224: 13221: 13219: 13216: 13214: 13211: 13210: 13208: 13195: 13191: 13183: 13177: 13174: 13173: 13171: 13167: 13161: 13158: 13154: 13151: 13149: 13146: 13145: 13143: 13139: 13136: 13135: 13134: 13131: 13127: 13124: 13123: 13122: 13119: 13115: 13112: 13111: 13109: 13105: 13102: 13101: 13100: 13097: 13093: 13090: 13088: 13085: 13084: 13083: 13080: 13079: 13077: 13073: 13063: 13060: 13056: 13053: 13051: 13048: 13047: 13046: 13043: 13042: 13040: 13036: 13030: 13027: 13023: 13020: 13018: 13015: 13014: 13013: 13010: 13008: 13005: 13003: 13000: 12995: 12991: 12988: 12986: 12983: 12982: 12981: 12978: 12976: 12973: 12969: 12966: 12964: 12961: 12960: 12959: 12956: 12952: 12951:F-15 STOL/MTD 12949: 12947: 12944: 12942: 12939: 12937: 12934: 12933: 12932: 12929: 12927: 12924: 12919: 12915: 12912: 12911: 12910: 12907: 12905: 12902: 12900: 12897: 12893: 12890: 12889: 12888: 12885: 12883: 12880: 12878: 12875: 12873: 12870: 12866: 12863: 12862: 12861: 12858: 12854: 12851: 12850: 12849: 12846: 12844: 12841: 12839: 12836: 12832: 12829: 12827: 12824: 12823: 12821: 12820: 12818: 12816:Main sequence 12814: 12811: 12805: 12795: 12792: 12790: 12787: 12785: 12782: 12781: 12779: 12775: 12769: 12766: 12764: 12761: 12760: 12758: 12754: 12748: 12745: 12743: 12740: 12738: 12735: 12734: 12732: 12728: 12720: 12717: 12715: 12712: 12710: 12707: 12705: 12702: 12700: 12697: 12696: 12695: 12692: 12690: 12687: 12685: 12682: 12680: 12677: 12675: 12672: 12668: 12665: 12663: 12660: 12659: 12657: 12655: 12652: 12648: 12645: 12643: 12640: 12638: 12635: 12634: 12633: 12630: 12628: 12625: 12621: 12618: 12617: 12616: 12613: 12611: 12608: 12604: 12601: 12600: 12599: 12596: 12594: 12591: 12589: 12586: 12584: 12581: 12579: 12576: 12574: 12571: 12569: 12566: 12564: 12561: 12559: 12556: 12554: 12551: 12549: 12546: 12544: 12541: 12539: 12536: 12534: 12531: 12527: 12524: 12522: 12519: 12518: 12517: 12514: 12512: 12509: 12505: 12502: 12500: 12497: 12496: 12495: 12492: 12490: 12487: 12485: 12482: 12480: 12477: 12475: 12472: 12470: 12467: 12463: 12460: 12459: 12458: 12455: 12453: 12450: 12448: 12445: 12443: 12440: 12438: 12435: 12433: 12430: 12428: 12425: 12424: 12422: 12418: 12412: 12409: 12407: 12404: 12402: 12399: 12397: 12394: 12392: 12389: 12387: 12384: 12382: 12379: 12377: 12374: 12372: 12369: 12367: 12364: 12362: 12359: 12357: 12354: 12352: 12349: 12347: 12344: 12342: 12339: 12337: 12334: 12332: 12329: 12327: 12324: 12319: 12317: 12314: 12312: 12309: 12307: 12304: 12302: 12299: 12297: 12294: 12292: 12289: 12287: 12284: 12282: 12279: 12277: 12274: 12272: 12269: 12267: 12264: 12262: 12259: 12257: 12254: 12252: 12249: 12245: 12242: 12240: 12237: 12236: 12234: 12232: 12229: 12227: 12224: 12222: 12219: 12217: 12214: 12212: 12209: 12207: 12204: 12202: 12199: 12197: 12194: 12192: 12189: 12187: 12184: 12182: 12179: 12177: 12174: 12172: 12169: 12167: 12164: 12162: 12159: 12157: 12154: 12152: 12149: 12147: 12144: 12142: 12139: 12135: 12132: 12131: 12130: 12127: 12125: 12122: 12120: 12117: 12115: 12112: 12110: 12107: 12105: 12102: 12100: 12097: 12095: 12092: 12090: 12087: 12085: 12082: 12080: 12077: 12075: 12072: 12070: 12067: 12065: 12062: 12060: 12057: 12055: 12052: 12050: 12047: 12045: 12042: 12040: 12037: 12035: 12032: 12030: 12027: 12025: 12022: 12020: 12017: 12015: 12012: 12010: 12007: 12005: 12002: 12000: 11997: 11995: 11992: 11990: 11987: 11985: 11982: 11980: 11977: 11975: 11972: 11970: 11967: 11965: 11962: 11960: 11957: 11953: 11950: 11948: 11945: 11944: 11942: 11940: 11937: 11935: 11932: 11930: 11927: 11926: 11924: 11920: 11917: 11911: 11906: 11902: 11898: 11894: 11890: 11883: 11878: 11876: 11871: 11869: 11864: 11863: 11860: 11844: 11841: 11837: 11834: 11832: 11829: 11828: 11827: 11824: 11822: 11819: 11817: 11814: 11812: 11809: 11807: 11804: 11803: 11801: 11797: 11791: 11788: 11786: 11783: 11781: 11778: 11776: 11773: 11771: 11768: 11767: 11765: 11761: 11758: 11754: 11748: 11745: 11744: 11742: 11736: 11730: 11727: 11725: 11722: 11721: 11719: 11713: 11707: 11704: 11702: 11699: 11698: 11696: 11690: 11680: 11677: 11675: 11672: 11670: 11667: 11666: 11664: 11660: 11654: 11651: 11649: 11646: 11644: 11641: 11639: 11636: 11634: 11631: 11629: 11626: 11624: 11621: 11619: 11616: 11614: 11611: 11609: 11606: 11604: 11601: 11599: 11596: 11594: 11591: 11589: 11586: 11584: 11581: 11580: 11578: 11574: 11571: 11565: 11560: 11556: 11548: 11543: 11541: 11536: 11534: 11529: 11528: 11525: 11509: 11506: 11505: 11503: 11499: 11493: 11490: 11488: 11485: 11484: 11482: 11478: 11472: 11469: 11467: 11464: 11463: 11461: 11457: 11454: 11450: 11444: 11441: 11439: 11436: 11435: 11433: 11427: 11421: 11418: 11416: 11413: 11411: 11408: 11407: 11405: 11399: 11393: 11390: 11388: 11385: 11383: 11380: 11378: 11375: 11373: 11370: 11368: 11365: 11363: 11360: 11358: 11355: 11353: 11350: 11348: 11345: 11343: 11340: 11338: 11335: 11333: 11330: 11328: 11325: 11321: 11318: 11316: 11313: 11312: 11311: 11308: 11306: 11303: 11301: 11298: 11296: 11293: 11291: 11288: 11286: 11283: 11281: 11278: 11274: 11271: 11270: 11269: 11266: 11264: 11261: 11259: 11256: 11252: 11249: 11248: 11247: 11244: 11242: 11239: 11237: 11234: 11232: 11229: 11227: 11224: 11222: 11219: 11217: 11214: 11212: 11209: 11207: 11204: 11202: 11199: 11197: 11194: 11190: 11187: 11185: 11182: 11181: 11180: 11177: 11175: 11172: 11170: 11167: 11165: 11162: 11160: 11157: 11155: 11152: 11150: 11147: 11143: 11140: 11139: 11138: 11135: 11133: 11130: 11128: 11125: 11123: 11120: 11118: 11115: 11113: 11110: 11108: 11105: 11103: 11100: 11098: 11095: 11093: 11090: 11088: 11085: 11083: 11080: 11078: 11075: 11073: 11070: 11068: 11065: 11063: 11060: 11058: 11055: 11053: 11050: 11048: 11045: 11043: 11040: 11038: 11035: 11033: 11030: 11028: 11025: 11023: 11020: 11018: 11015: 11013: 11010: 11008: 11005: 11003: 11000: 10998: 10995: 10994: 10992: 10988:Main sequence 10986: 10976: 10973: 10971: 10968: 10966: 10963: 10962: 10960: 10956: 10950: 10947: 10945: 10942: 10941: 10939: 10937:Medium bomber 10935: 10929: 10926: 10924: 10921: 10919: 10916: 10914: 10911: 10909: 10906: 10904: 10901: 10899: 10896: 10894: 10891: 10889: 10886: 10884: 10881: 10879: 10876: 10874: 10871: 10869: 10866: 10864: 10861: 10860: 10858: 10854: 10851: 10845: 10840: 10836: 10832: 10828: 10824: 10817: 10812: 10810: 10805: 10803: 10798: 10797: 10794: 10781: 10771: 10768: 10766: 10763: 10761: 10758: 10756: 10753: 10748: 10743: 10741: 10738: 10733: 10731: 10728: 10726: 10723: 10721: 10718: 10713: 10711: 10708: 10703: 10701: 10698: 10696: 10693: 10691: 10688: 10686: 10683: 10678: 10673: 10671: 10668: 10666: 10663: 10658: 10656: 10653: 10648: 10646: 10643: 10638: 10636: 10633: 10631: 10628: 10623: 10618: 10616: 10613: 10611: 10608: 10607: 10605: 10601: 10595: 10592: 10590: 10587: 10585: 10582: 10580: 10577: 10575: 10572: 10570: 10567: 10565: 10562: 10560: 10557: 10555: 10552: 10550: 10547: 10545: 10542: 10540: 10537: 10535: 10532: 10530: 10527: 10525: 10522: 10520: 10517: 10515: 10512: 10510: 10507: 10505: 10502: 10500: 10497: 10495: 10492: 10490: 10487: 10485: 10482: 10478: 10475: 10474: 10473: 10470: 10468: 10465: 10463: 10460: 10458: 10455: 10453: 10450: 10448: 10445: 10443: 10440: 10438: 10435: 10433: 10430: 10428: 10425: 10423: 10420: 10418: 10415: 10413: 10410: 10408: 10405: 10403: 10400: 10398: 10395: 10393: 10390: 10388: 10385: 10383: 10380: 10378: 10375: 10373: 10370: 10368: 10365: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10355: 10353: 10350: 10348: 10345: 10343: 10340: 10338: 10335: 10333: 10330: 10328: 10325: 10323: 10320: 10318: 10315: 10313: 10310: 10308: 10305: 10303: 10300: 10298: 10295: 10293: 10290: 10288: 10285: 10283: 10280: 10278: 10275: 10273: 10270: 10268: 10265: 10263: 10260: 10258: 10255: 10253: 10250: 10248: 10245: 10243: 10240: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10200: 10198: 10195: 10193: 10190: 10188: 10185: 10183: 10180: 10178: 10175: 10173: 10170: 10168: 10165: 10163: 10160: 10158: 10155: 10153: 10150: 10148: 10145: 10143: 10140: 10138: 10135: 10133: 10130: 10128: 10125: 10123: 10120: 10118: 10115: 10113: 10110: 10108: 10105: 10103: 10100: 10098: 10095: 10093: 10090: 10088: 10085: 10083: 10080: 10078: 10075: 10073: 10070: 10068: 10065: 10063: 10060: 10058: 10055: 10053: 10050: 10048: 10045: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9990: 9988: 9985: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9918: 9915: 9913: 9910: 9908: 9905: 9903: 9900: 9898: 9895: 9893: 9890: 9888: 9885: 9883: 9880: 9878: 9875: 9873: 9870: 9868: 9865: 9863: 9860: 9858: 9855: 9853: 9850: 9848: 9845: 9843: 9840: 9838: 9835: 9833: 9830: 9828: 9825: 9823: 9820: 9818: 9815: 9813: 9810: 9805: 9800: 9798: 9795: 9790: 9788: 9785: 9783: 9780: 9778: 9775: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9763: 9760: 9758: 9755: 9750: 9748: 9745: 9743: 9740: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9728: 9725: 9723: 9720: 9718: 9715: 9713: 9710: 9708: 9705: 9703: 9700: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9680: 9675: 9673: 9670: 9668: 9665: 9663: 9660: 9658: 9655: 9651: 9648: 9647: 9646: 9643: 9641: 9638: 9633: 9631: 9628: 9626: 9623: 9621: 9618: 9616: 9613: 9611: 9608: 9607: 9605: 9603: 9597: 9591: 9588: 9587: 9585: 9581: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9565: 9562: 9560: 9557: 9555: 9552: 9550: 9547: 9545: 9542: 9540: 9537: 9536: 9534: 9530: 9524: 9523:Little Dipper 9521: 9519: 9516: 9514: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9505: 9503: 9499: 9493: 9490: 9488: 9485: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9453: 9450: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9428: 9425: 9423: 9420: 9418: 9415: 9413: 9410: 9408: 9405: 9404: 9402: 9398: 9392: 9391:VH-92 Patriot 9389: 9387: 9386:VH-71 Kestrel 9384: 9382: 9379: 9377: 9374: 9372: 9369: 9368: 9366: 9362: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9348: 9346: 9343: 9342: 9340: 9336: 9326: 9323: 9321: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9306: 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9281: 9278: 9276: 9273: 9271: 9268: 9267: 9265: 9261: 9255: 9252: 9250: 9247: 9245: 9242: 9240: 9237: 9235: 9232: 9231: 9229: 9225: 9219: 9216: 9214: 9213:CP-140 Aurora 9211: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9201: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9180: 9178: 9174: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9153: 9150: 9148: 9145: 9144: 9142: 9138: 9135: 9131: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9101: 9098: 9096: 9093: 9091: 9088: 9086: 9083: 9081: 9078: 9077: 9075: 9071: 9065: 9062: 9060: 9057: 9055: 9052: 9050: 9047: 9046: 9044: 9042:Raptor family 9040: 9034: 9031: 9029: 9026: 9024: 9021: 9019: 9016: 9014: 9011: 9010: 9008: 9004: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8983: 8980: 8979: 8977: 8973: 8967: 8964: 8962: 8959: 8957: 8954: 8953: 8951: 8947: 8944: 8940: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8908: 8905: 8904: 8903: 8900: 8898: 8895: 8893: 8890: 8888: 8885: 8883: 8880: 8879: 8877: 8873: 8867: 8864: 8862: 8859: 8857: 8854: 8852: 8849: 8847: 8844: 8843: 8841: 8837: 8831: 8828: 8826: 8823: 8821: 8818: 8816: 8813: 8811: 8808: 8804: 8801: 8800: 8799: 8796: 8794: 8791: 8789: 8786: 8784: 8781: 8779: 8776: 8774: 8771: 8770: 8768: 8764: 8758: 8755: 8753: 8750: 8748: 8745: 8743: 8740: 8738: 8735: 8733: 8730: 8728: 8725: 8723: 8720: 8718: 8715: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8707:Constellation 8705: 8704: 8702: 8698: 8692: 8689: 8687: 8684: 8682: 8679: 8675: 8672: 8671: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8660: 8657: 8656: 8654: 8650: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8604: 8603:3 Air Express 8601: 8599: 8596: 8595: 8593: 8589: 8586: 8582: 8577: 8573: 8566: 8561: 8559: 8554: 8552: 8547: 8546: 8543: 8535: 8534: 8528: 8524: 8517: 8513: 8509: 8505: 8501: 8496: 8492: 8488: 8484: 8480: 8476: 8472: 8468: 8463: 8456: 8452: 8451: 8443: 8438: 8434: 8433: 8428: 8427: 8417: 8416:0-07-052021-6 8413: 8409: 8405: 8403: 8398: 8395: 8394: 8390: 8387: 8384: 8380: 8365: 8364: 8358: 8346: 8342: 8338: 8331: 8330: 8324: 8321: 8320:1-85780-115-6 8317: 8313: 8309: 8306: 8302: 8298: 8294: 8291: 8290:1-85780-138-5 8287: 8283: 8280: 8279:91-973892-6-9 8276: 8272: 8268: 8264: 8258: 8254: 8253: 8247: 8243: 8241:1-84176-694-1 8237: 8233: 8232: 8226: 8223: 8222:0-14-102292-2 8219: 8215: 8214: 8209: 8206: 8203: 8199: 8196: 8195:1-56347-701-7 8192: 8188: 8186: 8181: 8180: 8178: 8177: 8169: 8165: 8161: 8157: 8154: 8153:0-929823-12-5 8150: 8146: 8142: 8138: 8135: 8134:0-929823-08-7 8131: 8127: 8123: 8119: 8115: 8113:0-316-74330-5 8109: 8105: 8100: 8097: 8096:0-7603-1000-9 8093: 8089: 8085: 8081: 8079:1-86126-697-9 8075: 8071: 8070:Crowood Press 8067: 8062: 8058: 8054: 8050: 8046: 8045: 8039: 8035: 8031: 8027: 8021: 8017: 8013: 8008: 7993: 7989: 7985: 7984: 7976: 7971: 7967: 7963: 7959: 7953: 7948: 7947: 7940: 7937: 7936:0-87474-491-1 7933: 7929: 7925: 7921: 7918: 7914: 7910: 7906: 7902: 7898: 7892: 7888: 7883: 7879: 7875: 7871: 7865: 7860: 7859: 7852: 7848: 7846:0-7603-1142-0 7842: 7838: 7833: 7830: 7829:1-85780-138-5 7826: 7822: 7818: 7815: 7814:1-880588-67-6 7811: 7807: 7803: 7799: 7795: 7789: 7784: 7783: 7776: 7772: 7768: 7767: 7766:Wings of Fame 7761: 7757: 7756: 7750: 7746: 7742: 7738: 7734: 7733: 7727: 7726: 7714: 7713:Graham (2002) 7709: 7703:, p. 110 7702: 7697: 7690: 7687: 7682: 7675: 7672: 7668: 7665: 7660: 7644: 7638: 7623: 7619: 7612: 7597: 7593: 7587: 7572: 7571:www.sr-71.org 7568: 7562: 7547: 7543: 7537: 7522: 7518: 7512: 7496: 7490: 7473: 7469: 7465: 7459: 7443: 7439: 7432: 7416: 7412: 7406: 7390: 7384: 7368: 7364: 7363:"Pure Speed!" 7358: 7343: 7342:www.sr-71.org 7339: 7333: 7318: 7317:www.sr-71.org 7314: 7308: 7292: 7286: 7270: 7263: 7248: 7247:www.sr-71.org 7244: 7238: 7223: 7222:www.sr-71.org 7219: 7213: 7197: 7191: 7176: 7172: 7166: 7159: 7156: 7151: 7136:. Cosmosphere 7135: 7129: 7113: 7107: 7100: 7096: 7091: 7075: 7069: 7054: 7053:www.sr-71.org 7050: 7044: 7029: 7025: 7019: 7004: 7000: 6994: 6979: 6975: 6969: 6962: 6959: 6955: 6952: 6947: 6932: 6931:www.sr-71.org 6928: 6922: 6915: 6914:check-six.com 6912: 6907: 6901: 6900:Graham (2013) 6896: 6888: 6884: 6883: 6875: 6860: 6856: 6850: 6835: 6834:www.sr-71.org 6831: 6825: 6818: 6814: 6811: 6806: 6798: 6794: 6788: 6772: 6768: 6764: 6758: 6743: 6739: 6733: 6726: 6721: 6714: 6713:Merlin (2005) 6709: 6694: 6690: 6684: 6677: 6672: 6656: 6655:avgeekery.com 6652: 6645: 6643: 6635: 6630: 6614: 6613:Aviation Week 6610: 6603: 6587: 6583: 6579: 6572: 6556: 6552: 6551:Aviation Week 6548: 6541: 6534: 6533:0-8306-7415-2 6530: 6526: 6520: 6514: 6513:Graham (1996) 6509: 6500: 6491: 6484: 6481: 6476: 6469: 6466: 6462: 6459: 6454: 6447: 6444: 6439: 6437: 6420: 6416: 6410: 6402: 6398: 6392: 6390: 6381: 6377: 6371: 6364: 6359: 6350: 6343: 6338: 6322: 6315: 6309: 6303: 6302:Graham (1996) 6298: 6292: 6291:Graham (1996) 6287: 6278: 6276: 6269: 6268:Graham (1996) 6264: 6258: 6257:Graham (1996) 6253: 6247: 6246:Graham (1996) 6242: 6235: 6229: 6227: 6225: 6218: 6217:Graham (1996) 6213: 6204: 6202: 6194: 6189: 6182: 6181:Graham (1996) 6177: 6170: 6165: 6159:, p. 204 6158: 6157:Graham (1996) 6153: 6147: 6146:Graham (1996) 6142: 6136: 6135:Graham (1996) 6131: 6122: 6116: 6115:Graham (1996) 6111: 6105: 6104:Graham (1996) 6100: 6093: 6092:Graham (1996) 6088: 6081: 6068: 6064: 6060: 6056: 6049: 6047: 6030: 6029: 6021: 6014: 6003:on 2 May 2017 6002: 5998: 5994: 5988: 5979: 5971: 5967: 5963: 5956: 5948: 5944: 5940: 5933: 5925: 5921: 5917: 5913: 5909: 5902: 5895: 5882: 5878: 5874: 5873: 5868: 5861: 5854: 5841: 5837: 5833: 5826: 5824: 5822: 5820: 5818: 5816: 5807: 5803: 5798: 5786: 5782: 5781: 5776: 5769: 5767: 5765: 5763: 5761: 5759: 5757: 5755: 5753: 5737: 5730: 5722: 5710: 5706: 5705: 5700: 5693: 5686: 5682: 5676: 5669: 5665: 5659: 5653: 5652:Graham (1996) 5648: 5639: 5624: 5620: 5613: 5604: 5595: 5588: 5582: 5563: 5556: 5550: 5543: 5538: 5536: 5528: 5523: 5515: 5509: 5505: 5498: 5496: 5479: 5475: 5469: 5453: 5449: 5442: 5435: 5430: 5414: 5410: 5406: 5399: 5391: 5385: 5381: 5374: 5359: 5355: 5349: 5341: 5335: 5331: 5324: 5317: 5316: 5310: 5301: 5294: 5291: 5286: 5284: 5282: 5265: 5261: 5255: 5248: 5243: 5237:, p. 563 5236: 5231: 5224: 5219: 5217: 5215: 5213: 5193: 5186: 5185: 5177: 5169: 5165: 5159: 5151: 5147: 5141: 5133: 5129: 5123: 5115: 5111: 5105: 5097: 5093: 5087: 5079: 5075: 5069: 5061: 5057: 5051: 5044: 5041: 5036: 5029: 5023: 5017:, p. 233 5016: 5011: 5004: 5003:Graham (1996) 4999: 4990: 4984:, p. 110 4983: 4982:Graham (2013) 4978: 4962: 4958: 4951: 4944: 4943:Graham (1996) 4939: 4931: 4930: 4922: 4915: 4914:0 7106 0426 2 4911: 4905: 4896: 4887: 4880: 4875: 4868: 4863: 4854: 4847: 4842: 4834: 4828: 4821: 4816: 4807: 4800: 4795: 4788: 4783: 4774: 4767: 4762: 4747: 4746:www.sr-71.org 4743: 4737: 4731:, p. 221 4730: 4725: 4709: 4705: 4699: 4692: 4687: 4680: 4675: 4668: 4663: 4654: 4645: 4637: 4631: 4624: 4619: 4610: 4608: 4606: 4599:, pp.165, 166 4598: 4593: 4586: 4581: 4572: 4563: 4554: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4531: 4529: 4520: 4519: 4515:"Section 1". 4511: 4504: 4499: 4492: 4487: 4480: 4475: 4466: 4459: 4454: 4445: 4436: 4429: 4426: 4420: 4413: 4412:Graham (1996) 4408: 4400: 4396: 4392: 4386: 4384: 4367: 4360: 4358: 4348: 4332: 4328: 4324: 4318: 4311: 4310:Graham (1996) 4306: 4291: 4287: 4280: 4274:, p. 160 4273: 4272:Graham (1996) 4268: 4261: 4260:Graham (1996) 4256: 4249: 4244: 4238:, p. 203 4237: 4232: 4225: 4220: 4214: 4213:Merlin (2009) 4209: 4202: 4198: 4195: 4190: 4188: 4181: 4180:Graham (1996) 4176: 4169: 4164: 4157: 4152: 4146: 4145:Graham (1996) 4141: 4134: 4130: 4128: 4124: 4119: 4112: 4108: 4102: 4095: 4094:Merlin (2005) 4090: 4083: 4078: 4072: 4067: 4060: 4059:Merlin (2005) 4055: 4048: 4043: 4035: 4034: 4027: 4025: 4023: 4015: 4010: 4003: 3998: 3996: 3979: 3975: 3969: 3961: 3955: 3951: 3944: 3928: 3924: 3923: 3915: 3913: 3905: 3900: 3893: 3888: 3881: 3878: 3873: 3871: 3869: 3867: 3860:, p. 159 3859: 3854: 3847: 3842: 3834: 3827: 3820: 3815: 3813: 3811: 3803: 3798: 3796: 3794: 3792: 3790: 3780: 3778: 3762: 3761: 3756: 3749: 3747: 3730: 3726: 3725: 3720: 3713: 3698: 3694: 3687: 3668: 3664: 3663: 3655: 3648: 3633: 3632: 3627: 3621: 3614: 3609: 3607: 3602: 3587: 3578: 3571: 3565: 3558: 3554: 3548: 3541: 3535: 3528: 3523: 3516: 3510: 3503: 3499: 3493: 3489: 3474: 3471: 3469: 3466: 3464: 3461: 3460: 3459: 3458: 3457:Related lists 3452: 3449: 3447: 3444: 3442: 3439: 3437: 3434: 3432: 3429: 3428: 3427: 3426: 3420: 3417: 3413: 3412:Lockheed M-21 3410: 3409: 3408: 3407:Lockheed A-12 3405: 3404: 3403: 3402: 3396: 3393: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3377: 3374: 3373: 3369: 3358: 3355: 3344: 3330: 3327: 3324: 3321: 3318: 3315: 3312: 3309: 3306: 3303: 3300: 3297: 3296: 3295: 3294: 3290: 3287: 3284: 3283: 3282: 3281: 3280: 3276: 3268: 3266: 3265:Thrust/weight 3262: 3259: 3258:Wing loading: 3256: 3253: 3250: 3247: 3244: 3241: 3238: 3235: 3232: 3229: 3226: 3225: 3224: 3222: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3199: 3198: 3197: 3196: 3195: 3194: 3193: 3192: 3187: 3183: 3180: 3177: 3174: 3171: 3168: 3165: 3164:Gross weight: 3162: 3159: 3158:Empty weight: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3147: 3144: 3141: 3138: 3135: 3132: 3129: 3125: 3122: 3119: 3116: 3113: 3110: 3107: 3104: 3103: 3102: 3100: 3095: 3093: 3085: 3077: 3069: 3060: 3058: 3054: 3049: 3047: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3019: 3016:, California 3015: 3011: 3008: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2990: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2978:Playboy bunny 2975: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2960: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2938: 2935: 2931: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2913: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2895: 2891: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2858: 2854: 2851: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2830: 2826: 2822: 2819: 2815: 2812: 2808: 2805: 2802: 2798: 2795: 2791: 2788: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2759: 2755: 2752: 2748: 2745: 2742: 2738: 2735: 2731: 2728: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2703: 2700: 2696: 2693: 2690: 2686: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2672: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2647: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2619: 2615: 2612:(ex-NASA831) 2611: 2607: 2604: 2601: 2597: 2594:, California 2593: 2589: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2530:(adjacent to 2529: 2526: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2512: 2508: 2497: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2474: 2469: 2461: 2449: 2446: 2445: 2444: 2442: 2441: 2433: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2412: 2408: 2405: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2392: 2389: 2388: 2387: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2375: 2374: 2371: 2368: 2363: 2360: 2359: 2358: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2346: 2345: 2342: 2339: 2338: 2337: 2336: 2335: 2328:United States 2319: 2318: 2308: 2305: 2302: 2299: 2296: 2293: 2292: 2289: 2284: 2275: 2273: 2269: 2264: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2248: 2237: 2225: 2220: 2211: 2210: 2201: 2196: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2153: 2152: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2116: 2115:Harmon Trophy 2112: 2111:Mackay Trophy 2107: 2105: 2101: 2095: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2067: 2055: 2052: 2049: 2046: 2042: 2039: 2035: 2032: 2031: 2022: 2019: 2016: 2013: 2010:August 1980: 2009: 2006: 2003: 1999: 1996: 1995: 1986: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1973: 1969: 1966: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1952: 1949: 1945: 1942: 1939: 1936: 1933: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1919: 1918: 1907: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1864: 1862: 1858: 1852: 1850: 1844: 1841: 1837: 1832: 1829: 1825: 1816: 1808: 1801: 1799: 1795: 1784: 1780: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1760: 1758: 1753: 1750: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1733: 1729: 1727: 1716: 1713: 1708: 1699: 1695: 1690: 1686: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1636: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1600:15th Air Army 1597: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1515: 1511: 1506: 1502: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1482: 1480: 1475: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1459: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1442: 1434: 1429: 1425: 1422: 1417: 1415: 1409: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1381: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1348: 1344: 1341: 1335: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1315: 1308: 1303: 1294: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1269: 1265: 1260: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1240: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1213: 1204: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1188: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1156: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1129: 1127: 1122: 1119: 1113: 1111: 1108:(TEB), which 1107: 1103: 1097: 1093: 1088: 1081: 1076: 1059: 1054: 1046: 1041: 1038: 1037: 1036: 1032: 1015: 1010: 1002: 997: 989: 984: 981: 980: 979: 975: 971: 964: 961: 958: 954: 951: 950: 949: 944: 930: 923: 918: 910: 905: 897: 892: 889: 888: 887: 885: 881: 875: 871: 854: 849: 841: 836: 828: 823: 820: 819: 818: 815: 810: 805: 801: 797: 793: 789: 786: 771: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 732: 728: 724: 720: 715: 713: 707: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 680:Lockheed A-12 677: 669: 665: 655: 652: 646: 637: 635: 634:B.F. Goodrich 627: 623: 618: 614: 610: 608: 604: 599: 597: 593: 588: 586: 585:Ford Trimotor 577: 573: 572:Lockheed M-21 568: 564: 562: 558: 554: 550: 547: 537: 535: 530: 526: 521: 516: 514: 505: 491: 488: 483: 480: 475: 471: 467: 463: 462:1964 campaign 458: 456: 452: 448: 444: 440: 434: 432: 428: 421: 416: 407: 404: 400: 396: 392: 388: 383: 381: 377: 373: 369: 368:Kelly Johnson 365: 361: 357: 351: 350:Lockheed A-12 336: 334: 330: 325: 323: 319: 315: 310: 307: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 284: 282: 278: 274: 270: 269:Lockheed A-12 266: 261: 259: 255: 254:Lockheed A-12 251: 247: 243: 242:black project 238: 236: 232: 228: 224: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 196: 195:Lockheed A-12 193: 189: 182: 179: 178: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 151: 147: 143: 139:(historical) 138: 133: 130: 128:Primary users 126: 122: 118: 113: 109: 105: 101: 98: 95: 93: 89: 86:United States 85: 81: 78: 75: 72: 68: 63: 59: 54: 50: 45: 40: 37: 33: 19: 13121:YF-113 (III) 13110:YF-113 (II) 12913: 11723: 11705: 11391: 10958:Heavy bomber 10856:Light bomber 10784:Not assigned 9432:Star Clipper 9400:Experimental 9227:Other crewed 9193:PV-2 Harpoon 9188:PV-1 Ventura 9151: 8532: 8486: 8470: 8455:the original 8448: 8431: 8401: 8392: 8385: 8371:. Retrieved 8362: 8349:. Retrieved 8328: 8311: 8296: 8295:Grant, R.G. 8270: 8251: 8230: 8211: 8204: 8184: 8175: 8174: 8159: 8145:Mach 1, Inc. 8140: 8121: 8103: 8087: 8065: 8048: 8042: 8011: 7999:. Retrieved 7992:the original 7987: 7981: 7945: 7923: 7904: 7886: 7857: 7836: 7820: 7801: 7781: 7770: 7764: 7753: 7743:– via 7730: 7722:Bibliography 7708: 7696: 7688: 7681: 7673: 7659: 7649:16 September 7647:. Retrieved 7637: 7625:. Retrieved 7621: 7611: 7601:16 September 7599:. Retrieved 7595: 7586: 7576:26 September 7574:. Retrieved 7570: 7561: 7549:. Retrieved 7545: 7536: 7526:16 September 7524:. Retrieved 7520: 7511: 7501:16 September 7499:. Retrieved 7489: 7476:. Retrieved 7472:the original 7467: 7458: 7446:. Retrieved 7441: 7431: 7421:16 September 7419:. Retrieved 7415:the original 7405: 7395:16 September 7393:. Retrieved 7383: 7373:16 September 7371:. Retrieved 7367:the original 7357: 7347:26 September 7345:. Retrieved 7341: 7332: 7322:26 September 7320:. 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Retrieved 6612: 6602: 6590:. Retrieved 6586:the original 6581: 6571: 6559:. Retrieved 6555:the original 6550: 6540: 6524: 6519: 6508: 6499: 6490: 6482: 6475: 6467: 6453: 6445: 6423:. Retrieved 6418: 6409: 6400: 6379: 6370: 6358: 6349: 6344:, p. 58 6337: 6325:. Retrieved 6320: 6308: 6297: 6286: 6281:Jenkins 2001 6263: 6252: 6241: 6233: 6212: 6195:, p. 81 6188: 6176: 6164: 6152: 6141: 6130: 6121: 6110: 6099: 6087: 6078: 6071:. Retrieved 6063:US Air Force 6033:. Retrieved 6027: 6020: 6012: 6005:. Retrieved 6001:the original 5996: 5987: 5978: 5961: 5955: 5938: 5932: 5907: 5901: 5892: 5885:. Retrieved 5870: 5860: 5851: 5844:. Retrieved 5835: 5800: 5795:– via 5789:. Retrieved 5785:the original 5778: 5739:. Retrieved 5729: 5719:– via 5715:11 September 5713:. Retrieved 5709:the original 5702: 5692: 5684: 5681:SR 71 Flight 5675: 5667: 5664:SR 71 Flight 5658: 5647: 5638: 5626:. Retrieved 5622: 5612: 5603: 5594: 5586: 5581: 5569:. Retrieved 5562:the original 5549: 5529:, p. 59 5522: 5503: 5482:. Retrieved 5477: 5468: 5456:. Retrieved 5451: 5441: 5429: 5417:. Retrieved 5413:the original 5408: 5398: 5379: 5373: 5361:. Retrieved 5357: 5348: 5332:. Springer. 5329: 5323: 5313: 5309: 5300: 5292: 5268:. Retrieved 5263: 5254: 5249:, p. 77 5242: 5230: 5225:, p. 74 5199:. Retrieved 5192:the original 5183: 5176: 5167: 5158: 5149: 5140: 5131: 5122: 5113: 5104: 5095: 5086: 5077: 5068: 5059: 5050: 5042: 5035: 5022: 5010: 4998: 4989: 4977: 4967:17 September 4965:. Retrieved 4960: 4950: 4945:, p. 46 4938: 4928: 4921: 4904: 4895: 4886: 4874: 4862: 4853: 4841: 4827: 4815: 4806: 4794: 4782: 4773: 4768:, p. 83 4761: 4749:. Retrieved 4745: 4736: 4724: 4712:. Retrieved 4708:the original 4698: 4693:, p. 97 4686: 4674: 4662: 4653: 4644: 4630: 4618: 4592: 4580: 4571: 4562: 4553: 4544: 4540: 4517: 4510: 4498: 4486: 4478: 4474: 4465: 4457: 4453: 4444: 4435: 4427: 4419: 4414:, p. 75 4407: 4399:the original 4394: 4370:. Retrieved 4347: 4335:. Retrieved 4331:the original 4327:Dutchops.com 4326: 4317: 4312:, p. 41 4305: 4293:. Retrieved 4289: 4279: 4267: 4262:, p. 47 4255: 4243: 4231: 4219: 4208: 4196: 4175: 4163: 4151: 4140: 4125: 4118: 4101: 4089: 4084:, p. 47 4077: 4066: 4054: 4042: 4032: 4016:, p. 29 4009: 3982:. Retrieved 3978:the original 3968: 3949: 3943: 3931:. Retrieved 3927:the original 3921: 3906:, p. 31 3899: 3894:, p. 85 3887: 3879: 3853: 3848:, p. 78 3841: 3826: 3764:. Retrieved 3758: 3733:. Retrieved 3729:the original 3722: 3712: 3700:. Retrieved 3696: 3686: 3674:. Retrieved 3667:the original 3660: 3647: 3635:. Retrieved 3629: 3620: 3615:, p. 64 3586: 3577: 3564: 3553:Soviet Union 3547: 3534: 3522: 3509: 3492: 3456: 3455: 3424: 3423: 3400: 3399: 3274: 3272: 3263: 3257: 3251: 3245: 3240:Ferry range: 3239: 3233: 3227: 3220: 3218: 3206: 3200: 3181: 3175: 3169: 3163: 3157: 3150:Aspect ratio 3148: 3142: 3136: 3131:Wheel track: 3130: 3123: 3117: 3111: 3105: 3098: 3096: 3091: 3090: 3050: 3045: 3043: 2948:Dayton, Ohio 2489: 2475:, California 2438: 2437: 2383:, California 2354:, California 2332: 2331: 2306: 2300: 2294: 2265: 2250: 2231: 2223: 2198: 2180: 2174: 2130: 2108: 2096: 2087: 2072: 2040:, California 1929:Lockheed U-2 1923:1 May 1960: 1890: 1874:Bill Clinton 1870: 1853: 1845: 1833: 1821: 1791: 1787:Reactivation 1781: 1761: 1754: 1745: 1734: 1730: 1722: 1703: 1698:US Air Medal 1663:missile lock 1637: 1593: 1521: 1519: 1514:East Germany 1488: 1476: 1472: 1449: 1438: 1418: 1410: 1406:Dayton, Ohio 1382: 1359: 1345: 1336: 1320: 1305:SR-71 pilot 1297:Life support 1279: 1273: 1261: 1241: 1218: 1193:star tracker 1189: 1175:errors with 1163:Nortronics, 1162: 1131:Specialized 1130: 1123: 1114: 1100: 1033: 1029: 976: 972: 968: 946: 876: 872: 868: 809:standard day 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 782: 770:foreplanes. 716: 708: 673: 648: 643: 631: 611: 600: 589: 581: 543: 517: 510: 484: 479:Curtis LeMay 474:Soviet Union 459: 435: 424: 384: 376:1960 downing 353: 326: 311: 308: 285: 262: 258:Curtis LeMay 239: 207: 203: 201: 166:First flight 161:January 1966 145:Number built 134:(historical) 92:Manufacturer 36: 13188:See also: " 12714:AFTI/F-111A 12526:F-86D/G/K/L 11947:Curtiss P-4 11915:(1924–1962) 11905:Tri-Service 11694:(1960–1962) 11569:(1930–1962) 11403:(1935–1936) 10990:(1930–1962) 10849:(1924–1930) 10839:Tri-Service 9427:Senior Prom 9364:Helicopters 9285:Desert Hawk 9073:Other types 8875:Other types 8681:18 Lodestar 8591:Vega family 8408:McGraw-Hill 8126:Gallery One 7701:Pace (2004) 6725:Pace (2004) 6715:, p. 4 6468:vam.smv.org 6419:www.fai.org 6327:5 September 6035:15 December 5997:Kundservice 5960:"Mach 25". 5937:"Mach 14". 5380:Sled Driver 4250:, p. 5 4096:, p. 6 3858:Pace (2004) 3819:Pace (2004) 3702:28 December 3555:during the 3431:Bristol 188 3376:Henry Combs 3221:Performance 3182:Powerplant: 3036:Ogden, Utah 2996:San Antonio 2695:Cosmosphere 2473:Edwards AFB 2352:Edwards AFB 2076:zoom climbs 2038:Edwards AFB 1992:1970s–1980s 1915:1950s–1960s 1840:Robert Byrd 1824:North Korea 1749:Dick Cheney 1578:reconnoitre 1493:and up the 1479:D.B. Cooper 1181:SM-62 Snark 731:delta wings 668:Water vapor 460:During the 445:sensors, a 420:Skunk Works 339:Development 290:launch was 246:Skunk Works 108:Skunk Works 13207:Categories 13099:YF-113 (I) 11952:Boeing P-4 9574:Trident II 9544:High Virgo 9508:Big Dipper 9422:Senior Peg 9325:X-44 (UAV) 9218:P-7 LRAACA 9203:S-3 Viking 9064:X-44 MANTA 8691:43 Harpoon 8686:37 Ventura 8674:414 Hudson 8659:10 Electra 8623:7 Explorer 8608:4 Explorer 8584:Transports 8406:New York: 7802:Black Jets 7448:19 October 6978:airzoo.org 6777:29 October 6747:29 October 6698:24 January 6619:6 December 6592:1 November 6561:1 November 5513:0929823125 5484:16 January 5363:29 October 4428:archive.is 4295:16 January 3479:References 3451:Tsybin RSR 3143:Wing area: 3137:Wheelbase: 2662:, Florida 2234:April 2024 2185:John Glenn 2163:East Coast 2159:West Coast 2104:Boeing 747 2084:Brian Shul 1738:B-2 Spirit 1728:politics. 1644:Norrköping 1534:Baltic Sea 1370:Brian Shul 1307:Brian Shul 1179:, for the 1153:subliminal 821:Powerplant 814:Brian Shul 626:Robins AFB 344:Background 212:long-range 183:NASA: 1999 114:(Designer) 13138:YF-114C/D 13114:YF-113B/D 13087:YF-110B/D 12985:F/A-18E/F 9569:Trident I 9554:Ping-Pong 9407:Have Blue 9208:P-3 Orion 8892:Excalibur 8643:DL.1 Vega 8057:0143-5450 8034:190761298 7592:"61-7979" 7517:"61-7977" 7171:"61-7963" 7033:26 August 6999:"61-7956" 6885:(Video). 6855:"61-7951" 6446:sr-71.org 6321:NASAFacts 6059:Stockholm 6007:7 October 5970:0280-8498 5947:0280-8498 5924:0345-3413 5912:Stockholm 5846:9 October 5806:milk runs 5741:7 October 5458:29 August 5168:Sr-71.org 5150:Sr-71.org 5132:Sr-71.org 5114:Sr-71.org 5096:Sr-71.org 5078:Sr-71.org 5043:sr-71.org 4963:. Air Zoo 4751:21 August 3984:2 October 3598:Citations 3484:Footnotes 3207:JT11D-20K 3201:JT11D-20J 3118:Wingspan: 3092:Data from 2923:March AFB 2399:1966–1971 2393:1966–1990 2381:Beale AFB 2315:Operators 2205:Successor 2012:Honeywell 1972:Kadena AB 1955:Beale AFB 1757:data link 1707:Västervik 1640:Ängelholm 1624:stationed 1602:dispatch 1445:pit viper 1233:Fairchild 1223:systems; 1197:ephemeris 929:Schlieren 557:corrosive 302:sensors, 231:Blackbird 220:strategic 218: 3+ 208:Blackbird 106:Lockheed 74:Strategic 13268:Twinjets 10242:400 (II) 10122:282 (II) 9564:Poseidon 9532:Missiles 9513:Explorer 9338:Trainers 8628:8 Sirius 8572:Lockheed 8339:(AIAA). 8128:, 1994. 8018:(AIAA). 8001:23 March 7966:60250245 7930:, 1985. 7911:, 2001. 7878:34319406 7808:, 2003. 7667:Archived 7596:habu.org 7551:24 March 7521:habu.org 7175:habu.org 7095:Exhibits 7028:habu.org 7003:habu.org 6954:Archived 6859:habu.org 6813:Archived 6615:. Penton 6461:Archived 6425:11 April 6067:Archived 5881:Archived 5840:Archived 5797:nb:Side3 5721:nb:Side3 5478:Habu.org 5201:19 March 4916:, p. 203 4479:AirPower 4458:AirPower 4203:in 2014. 4201:Archived 4133:Archived 3933:13 April 3637:14 March 3557:Cold War 3340:See also 3275:Avionics 3236:Mach 3.3 3021:61-7981 3003:61-7980 2998:, Texas 2985:61-7979 2970:61-7978 2955:61-7977 2933:61-7976 2921:(former 2908:61-7975 2893:61-7974 2875:61-7973 2856:61-7972 2839:61-7971 2828:61-7970 2817:61-7969 2800:61-7968 2783:61-7967 2768:61-7966 2757:61-7965 2740:61-7964 2723:61-7963 2705:61-7962 2688:61-7961 2667:61-7960 2649:61-7959 2628:61-7958 2617:61-7957 2599:61-7956 2584:61-7955 2573:61-7954 2562:61-7953 2547:61-7952 2521:61-7951 2510:61-7950 2278:Variants 2133:Plant 42 2100:Concorde 1964:airspace 1910:Timeline 1803:— 1767:for the 1726:Pentagon 1700:in 2018. 1692:Swedish 1659:avionics 1596:scramble 1528:and the 1362:Plant 42 1356:Main era 1331:ejection 1227:(SLAR); 719:vortices 605:and was 499:Overview 364:Lockheed 292:detected 103:Designer 13153:YF-117D 13148:YF-117A 13144:YF-117 13126:YF-113C 13104:YF-113A 13092:YF-110C 12719:EF-111A 12647:NF-104A 12499:F-84F/J 11561:systems 10841:systems 10237:400 (I) 10117:282 (I) 9602:numbers 9590:J37/T35 9583:Engines 9559:Polaris 9549:Perseus 9305:Polecat 9300:MQM-105 9270:Aequare 9033:CL-1200 9023:NF-104A 8897:JetStar 8803:EC-130H 8638:9 Orion 8373:23 June 8351:23 June 7806:AIRtime 7291:"Speed" 6380:Wvi.com 5780:Vi Menn 5704:Vi Menn 5571:16 July 5452:YouTube 5270:24 July 5060:YouTube 4961:YouTube 4714:9 March 4395:Cia.gov 3676:23 June 3540:Foxbats 3124:Height: 3112:Length: 2946:, near 2606:Air Zoo 2443:(NASA) 2288:Air Zoo 2224:updated 2061:Records 1836:RC-135s 1769:US Navy 1683:Gotland 1675:lock-on 1648:Ronneby 1620:Estonia 1616:MiG-23s 1612:MiG-21s 1589:Viggens 1570:Swedish 1550:Finland 1548:, with 1544:to the 1526:Jutland 1510:Denmark 1137:flutter 1133:KC-135Q 880:unstart 729:of the 574:with a 561:cadmium 546:polymer 529:delta-v 387:Area 51 233:" and " 174:Retired 153:History 123:Retired 13160:YF-118 13133:YF-114 13082:YF-110 12990:EA-18G 12980:F/A-18 12968:NF-16D 12963:F-16XL 12941:F-15EX 12892:F-9F–J 12853:F-4K/M 12831:F-1E/F 12826:F-1C/D 12709:F-111K 12704:F-111C 12699:F-111B 12662:XF-106 12658:F-106 12642:F-104S 12637:XF-104 12620:F-102B 12603:F-100B 12462:RF-61C 11836:RB-57F 11831:RB-57D 11790:RF-104 11785:RF-101 11492:FB-111 11320:RB-57F 11315:RB-57D 11189:NB-36H 9371:CL-475 9315:RQ-170 9275:AQM-60 9234:CL-400 9183:Hudson 9028:CL-288 9013:XF-104 8919:Saturn 8914:L-2000 8861:CP-140 8825:WC-130 8820:MC-130 8815:LC-130 8810:KC-130 8798:EC-130 8793:HC-130 8788:DC-130 8783:AC-130 8778:C-130J 8752:EC-121 8732:L-1249 8727:L-1049 8613:5 Vega 8414: 8318: 8303: 8288: 8277: 8259: 8238: 8220: 8193: 8166: 8151: 8147:1993. 8132: 8110: 8094: 8076: 8055: 8032: 8022: 7964: 7954: 7934: 7915: 7893: 7876: 7866: 7843: 7827: 7812: 7790: 6661:16 May 6531: 6323:. NASA 5968: 5945: 5922: 5887:30 May 5791:12 May 5628:29 May 5510: 5419:6 July 5386: 5336: 4912: 4337:26 May 4109: 3956: 3766:6 July 3735:6 July 3024:SR-71C 3006:SR-71A 2988:SR-71A 2973:SR-71A 2958:SR-71A 2936:SR-71A 2911:SR-71A 2896:SR-71A 2878:SR-71A 2859:SR-71A 2842:SR-71A 2831:SR-71A 2820:SR-71A 2803:SR-71A 2786:SR-71A 2771:SR-71A 2760:SR-71A 2743:SR-71A 2726:SR-71A 2708:SR-71A 2691:SR-71A 2670:SR-71A 2652:SR-71A 2631:SR-71A 2620:SR-71B 2602:SR-71B 2587:SR-71A 2576:SR-71A 2565:SR-71A 2550:SR-71A 2524:SR-71A 2513:SR-71A 2502:Model 2326: 2307:SR-71C 2301:SR-71B 2295:SR-71A 2253:Aurora 1985:Taiwan 1798:Bosnia 1694:Viggen 1610:, and 1608:Latvia 1604:Su-15s 1586:direct 1562:Scania 1421:sortie 1393:sortie 1286:jammer 927:Fig.6 768:canard 762:, and 760:MiG-29 756:F/A-18 704:Cesium 692:chines 651:rutile 603:quartz 494:Design 439:chines 250:bomber 120:Status 13176:FV-12 13062:F-117 13050:F-35I 13022:FB-22 13017:YF-22 12946:F-15J 12936:F-15E 12914:F-12C 12794:P-400 12789:P-322 12694:F-111 12689:F-110 12684:F-109 12679:F-108 12674:F-107 12667:F-106 12654:F-105 12632:F-104 12627:F-103 12615:F-102 12610:F-101 12598:F-100 12521:F-86C 12504:F-84H 12239:XP-59 12235:P-59 12134:P-39E 11897:USAAF 11893:USAAC 11889:USAAS 11843:RB-66 11826:RB-57 11821:RB-52 11816:RB-47 11811:RB-29 11806:RB-17 11780:RF-80 11729:SR-72 11724:SR-71 11706:RS-71 11701:RS-70 11501:Other 11487:FB-22 11420:BLR-3 11415:BLR-2 11410:BLR-1 11273:B-50C 11251:B-47C 11184:B-36G 11142:B-29D 10928:LB-14 10923:LB-13 10918:LB-12 10913:LB-11 10908:LB-10 10831:USAAF 10827:USAAC 10823:USAAS 10715:27–32 10650:12–14 9600:Model 9539:Agena 9518:L-402 9457:X-26B 9452:X-24C 9437:XC-35 9417:L-301 9412:L-133 9376:XH-51 9355:T-50A 9320:SR-72 9157:YF-12 9120:YP-24 9115:XF-90 9110:XFM-2 9105:F-117 9080:A-4AR 9059:FB-22 9049:YF-22 9018:F-104 8966:XP-58 8961:XP-49 8887:C-141 8846:L-188 8830:L-100 8773:C-130 8757:XB-30 8747:C-121 8722:L-749 8717:L-649 8712:L-049 8519:(PDF) 8458:(PDF) 8445:(PDF) 8367:(PDF) 8333:(PDF) 7995:(PDF) 7978:(PDF) 7627:4 May 7478:5 May 6317:(PDF) 6073:7 May 5565:(PDF) 5558:(PDF) 5195:(PDF) 5188:(PDF) 4372:4 May 4368:. 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