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slice of air between 16 km (9.9 mi) and 97 km (60 mi) above the Earth. The UARS was the first major flight element of NASA's
Mission to Planet Earth, a multi-year global research program that would use ground-based, airborne, and space-based instruments to study the Earth as a complete environmental system. UARS had ten sensing and measuring devices: Cryogenic Limb Array Etalon Spectrometer (CLAES); Improved Stratospheric and Mesospheric Sounder (ISAMS);
29:
1070:
794:
503:
511:
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1208:
842:
of the upper atmosphere, dynamics of the upper atmosphere, the coupling among these processes, and the coupling between the upper and lower atmosphere. This provided data for a coordinated study of the structure, chemistry, energy balance, and physical action of the Earth's middle atmosphere – that
854:
Secondary payloads were: Ascent
Particle Monitor (APM); Middeck 0-Gravity Dynamics Experiment (MODE); Shuttle Activation Monitor (SAM); Cosmic Ray Effects and Activation Monitor (CREAM); Physiological and Anatomical Rodent Experiment (PARE); Protein Crystal Growth (PCG II-2); Investigations into
847:(MLS); Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE); High Resolution Doppler Imager (HRDI); Wind Imaging Interferometer (WlNDII); Solar Ultraviolet Spectral Irradiance Monitor (SUSIM); Solar/Stellar Irradiance Comparison Experiment (SOLSTICE); Particle Environment Monitor (PEM) and
881:
mission to have
Kennedy Space Center as the planned End-Of-Mission landing site, and the first mission to have a planned night landing at KSC. However, due to weather conditions at KSC in Florida, Discovery flew one extra orbit and landed at Edwards Air Force Base,
604:
and traveled 3,530,369 km (2,193,670 mi). The 5 astronauts carried out a number of experiments and deployed several satellites. The total launch mass was 108,890 kg (240,060 lb) and the landing mass was 87,440 kg (192,770 lb).
829:
On the third day of the mission, the Upper
Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) was deployed from Discovery's payload bay 650 km (400 mi) above Earth to study human effects on the planet's atmosphere and its shielding
896:
Video while in orbit on
September 15, 1991, shows a flash of light and several objects that appear to be flying in an artificial or controlled fashion. NASA explained the objects as ice particles reacting to engine jets.
825:
at 7:11 p.m. EDT on
September 12, 1991. Launch was delayed for 14 minutes at the T−5 minute mark due to a noise problem in the air-to-ground link. The noise cleared itself, and the countdown proceeded normally to launch.
3282:
929:. Each track is specially chosen, often by the astronauts' families, and usually has a special meaning to an individual member of the crew, or is applicable to their daily activities.
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with 8 bits of digital information per pixel (256 gray levels) and stored on a removable hard disk. The images could be viewed and enhanced on board using a
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are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).
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851:(ACRIM II). UARS's initial 18-month mission was extended several times – it was finally retired after 14 years of service.
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Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
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Chosen for its line "Are you sorry we drifted apart?" referring to
Discovery's separation from its payload (
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834:. The UARS mission objectives were to provide an increased understanding of the energy input into the
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Ken
Reightler, chosen by his daughters (who were in the control room, from the animated 1967
886:, at 3:38 a.m. EDT on September 18, 1991. The orbiter returned to KSC on September 26, 1991.
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1279:"A new look at the evidence supporting a prosaic explanation of the STS-48 "UFO" video"
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16:
1991 American crewed spaceflight to deploy the Upper
Atmospheric Research Satellite
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The flight was the first to test an electronic still camera in space, a modified
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before being transmitted to the ground via the orbiter digital downlinks.
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28:
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883:
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907:, agreeing with NASA. This topic was also discussed in an episode of
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1211:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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NASA began a tradition of playing music to astronauts during the
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on runway 22. The mission was completed in 81 revolutions of the
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1313:"Examination of object trajectories in the STS-48 "UFO" video"
510:
3136:
1869:
1864:
1859:
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1834:
1824:
1819:
1008:
601:
427:
417:
1253:"Anomalous phenomena in space shuttle mission STS-80 video"
1186:
1143:
Clatterbuck, Guy E.; Hill, William C. (December 16, 1991).
123:
5 days, 8 hours, 27 minutes, 38 seconds
72:
592:(UARS). The mission landed on September 18 at 12:38 a.m.
2874:
925:, and first used music to wake up a flight crew during
1162:
1142:
481:
Investigations into
Polymer Membrane Processing (IPMP)
487:
Physiological and Anatomical Rodent Experiment (PARE)
1457:
1065:
1173:
1171:
568:mission that launched on September 12, 1991, from
478:Cosmic Ray Effects and Activation Monitor (CREAM)
3733:
1769:
1168:
2860:
1755:
1443:
855:Polymer Membrane Processing (IPMP); and the
484:Middeck 0-Gravity Dynamics Experiment (MODE)
1352:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 208–209.
1146:Mission Safety Evaluation Report for STS-48
975:In anticipation of the release of the UARS
849:Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor
2867:
2853:
1762:
1748:
1450:
1436:
1178:Orloff, Richard W., ed. (September 1991).
1055:In anticipation of their landing that day
821:orbit from the Kennedy Space Center (KSC)
509:
501:
110:
90:
27:
866:. Images obtained during the flight were
1250:
800:
792:
691:
1310:
1276:
3734:
1224:
1177:
2848:
1743:
1431:
1344:
1225:Fricke, Robert W. (October 1, 1991).
1196:from the original on October 12, 2023
1152:. Clatterbuck & Hill. p. 15.
788:
622:
131:3,530,369 km (2,193,670 mi)
1227:STS-48 Space Shuttle mission report
590:Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite
35:Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite
13:
1366:
14:
3763:
1397:
1372:
1251:Carlotto, Mark J. (Summer 2005).
714:Seats 1–4 are on the flight deck.
490:Protein Crystal Growth (PCG II-2)
178:108,890 kg (240,060 lb)
1675:
1382:
1206:
1068:
916:
901:discussed the issue in his book
889:
805:UARS on the remote manipulator (
708:
493:Shuttle Activation Monitor (SAM)
186:87,440 kg (192,770 lb)
716:Seats 5–7 are on the mid-deck.
1338:
1304:
1270:
1244:
1218:
1136:
1110:
1089:List of Space Shuttle missions
588:. The primary payload was the
194:7,865 kg (17,339 lb)
102:
1:
1104:
475:Ascent Particle Monitor (APM)
1375:"Chronology of wakeup calls"
1277:Fleming, Lan (Winter 2003).
685:Second and last spaceflight
673:Fourth and last spaceflight
346:September 18, 1991, 07:38:42
342:September 18, 1991, 07:38:42
276:September 12, 1991, 23:11:04
272:September 12, 1991, 23:11:04
7:
3752:Spacecraft launched in 1991
2835:indicates failure missions.
1771:U.S. Space Shuttle missions
1706:Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center
1163:Clatterbuck & Hill 1991
1061:
877:STS-48 was the second post-
857:Air Force Maui Optical Site
817:was launched into a 57.00°
635:Third and last spaceflight
470:Air Force Maui Optical Site
47:Space Transportation System
10:
3768:
1799:Approach and Landing Tests
1311:Fleming, Lan (Fall 2003).
1084:List of human spaceflights
3717:
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1469:
1028:Are You Lonesome Tonight?
872:modified lap-top computer
779:
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432:580 km (360 mi)
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422:575 km (357 mi)
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1320:New Frontiers in Science
1286:New Frontiers in Science
1260:New Frontiers in Science
1099:Outline of space science
644:Kenneth S. Reightler Jr.
534:Kenneth S. Reightler Jr.
232:Kenneth S. Reightler Jr.
1416:STS-48 Video Highlights
608:
3747:Edwards Air Force Base
3742:Space Shuttle missions
1421:July 18, 2012, at the
1409:July 28, 2012, at the
845:Microwave Limb Sounder
810:
798:
598:Edwards Air Force Base
320:Rockwell International
840:global photochemistry
809:) prior to deployment
804:
796:
692:Crew seat assignments
678:Mission Specialist 3
652:Mission Specialist 1
632:John Oliver Creighton
538:Space Shuttle program
530:John Oliver Creighton
397:Reference system
227:John Oliver Creighton
152:Spacecraft properties
2883:Orbital launches in
1404:NASA mission summary
989:The Sherman Brothers
984:The Bare Necessities
664:Mission Specialist 2
570:Kennedy Space Center
507:STS-48 mission patch
64:satellite deployment
933:
859:(AMOS) experiment.
659:Second spaceflight
614:
23:
1730:(1994 documentary)
1180:"STS-48 Press Kit"
1076:Spaceflight portal
932:
823:Launch Complex 39A
811:
799:
789:Mission highlights
647:First spaceflight
613:
576:. The orbiter was
392:Orbital parameters
128:Distance travelled
21:
3729:
3728:
2842:
2841:
2675:
2674:
1737:
1736:
1470:Completed flights
1059:
1058:
797:Liftoff of STS-48
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785:
689:
688:
559:
558:
553:(44) →
37:(UARS) deployment
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1727:Destiny in Space
1710:Washington, D.C.
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1346:Plait, Philip C.
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1048:Return to Sender
1013:Bruce Reitherman
943:Artist/Composer
934:
931:
836:upper atmosphere
712:
696:
695:
666:Flight Engineer
656:Charles D. Gemar
615:
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517:Charles D. Gemar
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418:Perigee altitude
401:Geocentric orbit
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264:Start of mission
237:Charles D. Gemar
164:
136:Orbits completed
120:Mission duration
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3570:Gorizont No.35L
3531:
3492:Molniya-3 No.48
3463:
3388:
3384:Resurs-F1 No.53
3310:Gorizont No.34L
3298:
3289:Resurs-F1 No.52
3243:
3175:
3084:
3070:Molniya-3 No.55
3055:Nadezhda No.409
3019:
2940:
2936:Informator No.1
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1423:Wayback Machine
1411:Wayback Machine
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1000:The Jungle Book
919:
899:Philip C. Plait
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428:Apogee altitude
411:Low Earth orbit
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3722:Crewed flights
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3695:Interkosmos 25
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3575:Intelsat VI F1
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3432:Resurs-F2 No.7
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3417:Intelsat VI F5
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3224:Resurs-F2 No.6
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271:
267:
262:
258:
254:
248:
247:Mark N. Brown
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
170:
169:
163:
162:Space Shuttle
159:
155:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
113:
107:
105:
98:
93:
87:
83:
81:
77:
74:
71:
67:
63:
60:
56:
52:
48:
45:
41:
36:
30:
25:
19:
3721:
3704:Gran' No.39L
3642:
3542:
3475:
3474:
3456:
3427:Progress M-9
3404:
3400:Molniya 1-82
3281:
3277:Molniya 1-81
3259:
3239:Progress M-8
3216:
3147:
3135:
3113:
3060:Progress M-7
3015:Gran' No.38L
3005:Molniya 1-80
2912:Progress M-6
2820:
2813:
2806:
2787:
2768:
2761:
2086:
1725:
1536:
1460:
1368:
1349:
1340:
1323:
1319:
1306:
1289:
1285:
1272:
1263:
1259:
1246:
1236:September 9,
1234:. Retrieved
1220:
1200:November 29,
1198:. Retrieved
1158:
1145:
1138:
1128:February 26,
1126:. Retrieved
1124:. Spacefacts
1121:
1112:
998:
920:
908:
902:
895:
893:
878:
876:
861:
853:
828:
814:
812:
780:
770:
670:James Buchli
584:
561:
560:
521:James Buchli
369:Landing site
339:Landing date
242:James Buchli
191:Payload mass
183:Landing mass
167:
58:Mission type
18:
3709:Zhongxing-4
3690:Kosmos 2174
3655:Kosmos 2173
3638:Kosmos 2172
3633:Kosmos 2171
3628:Kosmos 2170
3624:Kosmos 2169
3620:Kosmos 2168
3616:Kosmos 2167
3612:Kosmos 2166
3608:Kosmos 2165
3560:Kosmos 2164
3555:Kosmos 2163
3550:Foton No.7L
3544:Soyuz TM-13
3527:Kosmos 2162
3523:Kosmos 2161
3519:Kosmos 2160
3515:Kosmos 2159
3511:Kosmos 2158
3507:Kosmos 2157
3497:Kosmos 2156
3487:Kosmos 2155
3437:Kosmos 2154
3329:Kosmos 2153
3324:Kosmos 2152
3272:Kosmos 2151
3267:Kosmos 2150
3229:Kosmos 2149
3218:Soyuz TM-12
3212:Kosmos 2148
3208:Kosmos 2147
3204:Kosmos 2146
3200:Kosmos 2145
3196:Kosmos 2144
3192:Kosmos 2143
3131:Kosmos 2142
3120:Compton GRO
3104:Kosmos 2141
3100:Kosmos 2140
3096:Kosmos 2139
3075:Kosmos 2138
3065:Kosmos 2137
3040:Kosmos 2136
3010:Kosmos 2135
3000:Kosmos 2134
2995:Kosmos 2133
2990:Kosmos 2132
2986:Kosmos 2131
2982:Kosmos 2130
2978:Kosmos 2129
2974:Kosmos 2128
2970:Kosmos 2127
2966:Kosmos 2126
2962:Kosmos 2125
2957:Kosmos 2124
2952:Kosmos 2123
2931:Kosmos 2122
2926:Kosmos 2121
1266:(4): 17–18.
1005:Phil Harris
969:Release Me
946:Played For
910:UFO Hunters
832:ozone layer
819:inclination
524:Front row:
461:Instruments
438:Inclination
302:Launch site
269:Launch date
175:Launch mass
3736:Categories
3681:Telecom 2A
3379:Microsat 7
3375:Microsat 6
3371:Microsat 5
3367:Microsat 4
3363:Microsat 3
3359:Microsat 2
3355:Microsat 1
3035:Meteosat 5
2822:Enterprise
2770:Challenger
1699:On display
1359:0471409766
1105:References
1003:, sung by
954:Hound Dog
884:California
879:Challenger
868:monochrome
732:Reightler
724:Creighton
628:Commander
623:Astronaut
515:Back row;
316:Contractor
157:Spacecraft
3468:September
3338:Orbcomm-X
3234:Satcom C5
3154:IBSS/SPAS
2917:Italsat 1
2815:Endeavour
2808:Discovery
2681:Cancelled
1778:Completed
1461:Discovery
1332:1537-3169
1298:1537-3169
927:Apollo 15
815:Discovery
585:Discovery
212:Crew size
168:Discovery
86:1991-063A
80:COSPAR ID
3699:Magion 3
3669:December
3584:November
3346:Tubsat-A
3031:Astra 1B
2945:February
2795:disaster
2789:Columbia
2776:disaster
2763:Atlantis
2754:Orbiters
2724:STS-61-J
2719:STS-61-M
2714:STS-62-A
2709:STS-61-H
2704:STS-61-G
2699:STS-61-F
2694:STS-61-E
2689:STS-41-F
1965:STS-51-L
1960:STS-61-C
1950:STS-61-B
1945:STS-61-A
1940:STS-51-J
1935:STS-51-I
1930:STS-51-F
1925:STS-51-G
1920:STS-51-B
1915:STS-51-D
1910:STS-51-C
1900:STS-51-A
1895:STS-41-G
1890:STS-41-D
1885:STS-41-C
1880:STS-41-B
1502:STS-51-I
1497:STS-51-G
1492:STS-51-D
1487:STS-51-C
1482:STS-51-A
1477:STS-41-D
1464:(OV-103)
1419:Archived
1407:Archived
1348:(2002).
1191:Archived
1118:"STS-48"
1062:See also
807:Canadarm
705:Landing
619:Position
375:, Runway
286:(7:11:04
69:Operator
3536:October
3502:Anik E1
3458:Unnamed
3442:Yuri 3b
3350:UoSAT-5
3319:Losat-X
3283:Unnamed
3187:NOAA-12
3109:Anik E2
3080:Almaz 1
2907:NATO 4A
2900:January
2739:STS-400
2734:STS-3xx
2729:STS-144
2665:STS-135
2660:STS-134
2655:STS-133
2645:STS-132
2640:STS-131
2635:STS-130
2614:STS-129
2609:STS-128
2604:STS-127
2599:STS-125
2594:STS-119
2584:STS-126
2579:STS-124
2574:STS-123
2569:STS-122
2559:STS-120
2554:STS-118
2549:STS-117
2539:STS-116
2534:STS-115
2529:STS-121
2519:STS-114
2508:STS-107
2498:STS-113
2493:STS-112
2488:STS-111
2483:STS-110
2478:STS-109
2468:STS-108
2463:STS-105
2458:STS-104
2453:STS-100
2448:STS-102
2423:STS-106
2418:STS-101
2392:STS-103
1781:(crews)
1719:Related
1691:Retired
1667:STS-133
1662:STS-131
1657:STS-128
1652:STS-119
1647:STS-124
1642:STS-120
1637:STS-116
1632:STS-121
1627:STS-114
1622:STS-105
1617:STS-102
1607:STS-103
751:Buchli
702:Launch
574:Florida
373:Edwards
344: (
306:Kennedy
274: (
220:Members
101:SATCAT
3660:USA-73
3649:USA-75
3644:STS-44
3603:USA-77
3599:USA-76
3595:USA-74
3591:USA-72
3476:STS-48
3452:Yohkoh
3447:IRS-1B
3411:TDRS-5
3406:STS-43
3393:August
3315:USA-71
3261:STS-40
3170:USA-70
3149:STS-39
3115:STS-37
3045:USA-69
2892:1992 →
2877:← 1990
2781:report
2744:Others
2443:STS-98
2433:STS-97
2428:STS-92
2413:STS-99
2387:STS-93
2382:STS-96
2372:STS-88
2367:STS-95
2362:STS-91
2357:STS-90
2352:STS-89
2342:STS-87
2337:STS-86
2332:STS-85
2327:STS-94
2322:STS-84
2317:STS-83
2312:STS-82
2307:STS-81
2297:STS-80
2292:STS-79
2287:STS-78
2282:STS-77
2277:STS-76
2272:STS-75
2267:STS-72
2257:STS-74
2252:STS-73
2247:STS-69
2242:STS-70
2237:STS-71
2232:STS-67
2227:STS-63
2217:STS-66
2212:STS-68
2207:STS-64
2202:STS-65
2197:STS-59
2192:STS-62
2187:STS-60
2177:STS-61
2172:STS-58
2167:STS-51
2162:STS-57
2157:STS-55
2152:STS-56
2147:STS-54
2137:STS-53
2132:STS-52
2127:STS-47
2122:STS-46
2117:STS-50
2112:STS-49
2107:STS-45
2102:STS-42
2092:STS-44
2087:STS-48
2082:STS-43
2077:STS-40
2072:STS-39
2067:STS-37
2057:STS-35
2052:STS-38
2047:STS-41
2042:STS-31
2037:STS-36
2032:STS-32
2011:STS-33
2006:STS-34
2001:STS-28
1996:STS-30
1991:STS-29
1981:STS-27
1976:STS-26
1685:Status
1612:STS-92
1602:STS-96
1597:STS-95
1592:STS-91
1587:STS-85
1582:STS-82
1577:STS-70
1572:STS-63
1567:STS-64
1562:STS-60
1557:STS-51
1552:STS-56
1547:STS-53
1542:STS-42
1537:STS-48
1532:STS-39
1527:STS-41
1522:STS-31
1517:STS-33
1512:STS-29
1507:STS-26
1356:
1330:
1296:
1044:Day 6
1024:Day 5
1017:Mowgli
995:Disney
980:Day 4
966:Day 3
951:Day 2
781:Unused
771:Unused
762:Gemar
759:Brown
743:Brown
740:Gemar
640:Pilot
564:was a
562:STS-48
551:STS-44
545:STS-43
472:(AMOS)
448:Period
442:57.00°
407:Regime
377:
359:
355:
351:
310:LC-39A
292:
288:
281:
22:STS-48
3334:ERS-1
3166:CRO-C
3162:CRO-B
3158:CRO-A
3137:BS-3h
3126:ASC-2
3089:April
3024:March
2651:2011
2631:2010
2625:2010s
2590:2009
2565:2008
2545:2007
2525:2006
2515:2005
2504:2003
2474:2002
2439:2001
2409:2000
2403:2000s
2378:1999
2348:1998
2303:1997
2263:1996
2223:1995
2183:1994
2143:1993
2098:1992
2063:1991
2028:1990
2022:1990s
1987:1989
1972:1988
1956:1986
1906:1985
1876:1984
1870:STS-9
1865:STS-8
1860:STS-7
1855:STS-6
1851:1983
1845:STS-5
1840:STS-4
1835:STS-3
1831:1982
1825:STS-2
1820:STS-1
1816:1981
1810:1980s
1795:1977
1789:1970s
1378:(PDF)
1326:(1).
1316:(PDF)
1292:(2).
1282:(PDF)
1256:(PDF)
1230:(PDF)
1194:(PDF)
1183:(PDF)
1150:(PDF)
1009:Baloo
997:film
940:Song
699:Seat
602:Earth
582:
165:
108:21700
43:Names
3481:UARS
3342:SARA
3303:July
3248:June
2885:1991
1354:ISBN
1328:ISSN
1294:ISSN
1238:2024
1202:2023
1187:NASA
1130:2014
1037:UARS
1011:and
937:Day
609:Crew
547:(42)
207:Crew
73:NASA
62:UARS
33:The
3294:REX
3180:May
3168:),
1015:as
1007:as
596:at
594:EDT
362:PDT
295:EDT
284:UTC
103:no.
49:-48
3738::
3697:,
3683:,
3626:,
3622:,
3618:,
3614:,
3610:,
3601:,
3597:,
3593:,
3525:,
3521:,
3517:,
3513:,
3509:,
3377:,
3373:,
3369:,
3365:,
3361:,
3357:,
3348:,
3344:,
3340:,
3336:,
3317:,
3210:,
3206:,
3202:,
3198:,
3194:,
3164:,
3160:,
3102:,
3098:,
3033:,
2988:,
2984:,
2980:,
2976:,
2972:,
2968:,
2964:,
2919:,
1708:,
1322:.
1318:.
1288:.
1284:.
1262:.
1258:.
1189:.
1185:.
1170:^
1120:.
1039:)
1019:)
913:.
838:,
777:7
767:6
756:5
748:4
737:3
729:2
721:1
572:,
532:,
528:,
519:,
379:22
357:am
308:,
290:pm
139:81
3651:)
3647:(
3483:)
3479:(
3413:)
3409:(
3172:)
3156:(
3152:(
3122:)
3118:(
2868:e
2861:t
2854:v
2510:†
1967:†
1763:e
1756:t
1749:v
1451:e
1444:t
1437:v
1391:.
1380:.
1362:.
1334:.
1324:3
1300:.
1290:2
1264:4
1240:.
1215:.
1204:.
1132:.
364:)
348:)
297:)
278:)
215:5
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