609:. The Military Committee also tried to save the Syrian Ba'ath movement from annihilation. Committee members were among those who blamed Aflaq for the Ba'ath Party's failing during the UAR years. The party's Third National Congress in 1959 supported Aflaq's decision to dissolve the party, but a 1960 National Congress, in which Jadid was a delegate representing the then-unknown Military Committee, reversed the decision and called for the Ba'ath Party's reestablishment. The Congress also decided to improve relations with Nasser by democratising the UAR from within. A faction within the party, led by al-Hawrani, called for Syria's secession. The Military Committee did not succeed in its aims, and in September 1961 the UAR was dissolved.
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The action helped trigger a simmering conflict between Jadid's and Assad's factions within the Ba'ath Party and army. The
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506:; 1926 – 19 August 1993) was a Syrian military officer and politician who was the leader of the left-wing bloc of the
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family of the
Haddadin tribe. However, there is another report stating his birth year as 1924. He studied at the
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The encyclopedia of the Arab–Israeli conflict: a
Political, Social, and Military History: A–F
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819:"Salah Jadid, 63, Leader of Syria Deposed and Imprisoned by Assad (Published 1993)"
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Members of the
Regional Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region
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Members of the
National Command of the Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction)
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Moscow and the Middle East: Soviet policy since the invasion of
Afghanistan
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aligned itself with Jadid, drawing him the support of Soviet ambassador,
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886:"Salah Jadid, 63, Leader of Syria Deposed and Imprisoned by Assad"
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Chiefs of
General Staff of the Army and the Armed Forces of Syria
667:. Angered by this, Assad decided to scare the Soviets by sending
679:. In November 1970, Jadid tried to fire Assad and his supporter
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687:. Jadid was arrested on 13 November 1970, and remained in the
683:. Assad responded by launching an intra-party coup dubbed the
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Steel & Silk: Men and Women who shaped Syria 1900–2000
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Members of the
National Command of the Ba'ath Party
695:until dying from a heart attack on 19 August 1993.
514:leader from 1966 until 1970, when he was ousted by
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4016:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
2930:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
938:
799:
705:
964:Tucker, Spencer; Roberts, Priscilla Mary (2008).
4272:
1415:Ba'athist Arabization campaigns in northern Iraq
941:Asad of Syria: The Struggle for the Middle East
1342:National Council for the Revolutionary Command
550:in 1946. Jadid was originally a member of the
4366:Heads of government who were later imprisoned
4046:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
3493:Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine
3422:
3106:National Alliance for the Liberation of Syria
1188:
1002:
963:
726:
582:. Jadid supported Syria's ascension into the
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593:During the UAR-era, Jadid was stationed in
508:Syrian Regional Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
291:1 February 1964 – 19 December 1965
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2987:Arab Socialist Revolutionary Ba'ath Party
732:
554:(SSNP), but later became a member of the
530:Jadid was born in 1926 in the village of
176:1 August 1965 – 13 November 1970
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:Syrian general and politician (1926-1993)
4126:Coat of arms of the United Arab Republic
4056:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation
4021:Independence Party (Mandatory Palestine)
2950:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation
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878:
781:
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4001:Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction)
3986:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
3091:Front of Patriotic and National Parties
3070:Palestinian National and Islamic Forces
2920:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
738:
566:, in the 1950s through an associate of
4273:
3996:Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction)
3002:Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party
586:(UAR), a union republic consisting of
280:March 1966 – 13 November 1970
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3121:Palestinian National Salvation Front
825:. Associated Press. 24 August 1993.
671:to Beijing to procure arms and wave
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
4036:National Liberation Front (Algeria)
3191:Socialist Democratic Unionist Party
3156:Democratic Socialist Unionist Party
491:
134:
13:
4296:Chiefs of staff of the Syrian Army
3976:Arab Socialist Union Party (Syria)
3498:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
3241:General Federation of Trade Unions
3101:Lebanese National Resistance Front
2814:National Progressive Front (Syria)
626:Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces
14:
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4041:Palestine Liberation Organization
3272:
3065:Palestine Liberation Organization
2809:National Progressive Front (Iraq)
2462:Ahmad Husayn Khudayir as-Samarrai
1892:Humam Abd al-Khaliq Abd al-Ghafur
642:Palestine Liberation Organization
4341:Prisoners and detainees of Syria
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3981:Arabian Peninsula People's Union
3664:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
2970:Arab Revolutionary Workers Party
2600:
1874:Members of the Regional Commands
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739:Bulloch, John (23 August 1993).
652:troops of the nominally PLO-run
616:In 1963 Jadid was promoted from
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232:11 November 1963 – 1966
23:
3624:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
3218:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
1352:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
908:
648:, Jadid sent Syrian-controlled
552:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
34:needs additional citations for
4316:Leaders who took power by coup
4066:Union of Arab Republics (1972)
3828:Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz
3040:Alliance of Palestinian Forces
1461:
947:University of California Press
844:
811:
1:
3251:General Union of Syrian Women
3161:Kurdistan Revolutionary Party
3116:Palestinian National Alliance
1388:Revolutionary Command Council
1280:Syrian Committee to Help Iraq
851:Robert Owen Freedman (1991).
698:
4306:Homs Military Academy alumni
4011:Federation of Arab Republics
3971:Arab Socialist Union (Libya)
3961:Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)
3562:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
3510:Arab separatism in Khuzestan
3060:National Democratic Alliance
3045:Forces of Freedom and Change
2042:Abdullah Sallum al-Samarra'i
2002:Muhyi Abdul-Hussein Mashhadi
1952:Adil Abdullah Mahdi Al-Douri
159:Assistant Regional Secretary
7:
4136:Flag of the Arab Federation
3966:Arab Socialist Union (Iraq)
3956:Arab Socialist Action Party
3186:Social Democratic Unionists
3151:Arab Democratic Union Party
2847:National Defense Battalions
1243:
1205:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
857:. CUP Archive. p. 40.
556:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
534:, near the coastal city of
502:
360:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
10:
4382:
4107:On the Way of Resurrection
4100:The Battle for One Destiny
4031:Lebanese National Movement
3472:Third International Theory
3364:On the Way of Resurrection
3357:The Battle for One Destiny
3146:Arab Socialist Union Party
3096:Lebanese National Movement
2326:Ali Ahmad Nasser al-Dhahab
2037:Abd al-Khaliq al-Samarra'i
915:Moubayed, Sami M. (2006).
4301:Far-left politics in Asia
4250:
4159:
4116:
4084:
4061:Unified Political Command
3951:Arab Nationalist Movement
3896:
3848:Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi
3708:
3677:
3644:1969 Sudanese coup d'état
3515:1979 Khuzestan insurgency
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3246:General Union of Peasants
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727:Tucker & Roberts 2008
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572:Arab Nationalist Movement
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4311:Leaders ousted by a coup
3569:1952 Egyptian revolution
3196:Socialist Unionist Party
3166:Libyan National Movement
2992:Arabic Toilers' Movement
2896:Associated organizations
2756:National Security Bureau
2704:Syrian-dominated faction
2132:Mohammed Saeed Bekheitan
2067:Yahya Abdallah al-Ubaydi
1917:Mohammed Younis al-Ahmed
1617:Mohammed Younis al-Ahmed
1532:Syrian-dominated faction
1228:Syrian-dominated faction
1088:Abd al-Karim Zahr al-Din
4222:Palestinian nationalism
4141:Flag of the Arab Revolt
3634:1966 Syrian coup d'état
3614:1963 Syrian coup d'état
3594:1961 Syrian coup d'état
3171:National Covenant Party
2975:Arab Socialist Movement
2626:Iraqi-dominated faction
2552:Omar Ibrahim Ghalawanji
2242:Mohammad Jihad al-Laham
1927:Huda Salih Mahdi Ammash
1897:Muhammad Zimam al-Sadun
1500:Iraqi-dominated faction
1420:1979 Ba'ath Party Purge
1410:Union of Arab Republics
1362:1966 Syrian coup d'état
1337:1963 Syrian coup d'état
1317:1954 Syrian coup d'état
1275:Arab Socialist Movement
1219:Iraqi-dominated faction
741:"Obituary: Salah Jadid"
181:Regional Secretary
3649:1969 Libyan revolution
3527:1941 Iraqi coup d'état
3201:Syrian Communist Party
3007:Palestinian Arab Front
2537:Muhammad Naji al-Otari
2517:Muhammad Ali al-Halabi
2507:Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
2457:Mohammed Hamza Zubeidi
2262:Muhammad Naji al-Otari
2237:Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
2172:Muhammad Ali al-Halabi
2077:Mohammed Hamza Zubeidi
2012:Ghazi Hamoud Al-Obaidi
1957:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
1912:Jamal Mustafa Abdullah
1612:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
1517:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
661:Syrian Communist Party
468:First Arab-Israeli War
391:Second Syrian Republic
268:Syrian Regional Branch
164:Syrian Regional Branch
4207:Jordanian nationalism
3941:Arab Islamic Republic
3936:Arab Higher Committee
3813:Rashid Ali al-Gaylani
3793:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
3604:North Yemen civil war
3537:Arab–Israeli conflict
3017:Sudanese Ba'ath Party
2532:Muhammad Mustafa Mero
2482:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
2257:Muhammad Mustafa Mero
2052:Nayef Shindakh Thamer
1805:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
1666:Abd al-Majid al-Rafei
1301:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
603:Abd al-Karim al-Jundi
574:, a party supporting
564:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
544:Homs Military Academy
526:Early life and career
441:Years of service
381:First Syrian Republic
357:Ba'ath Party (Syrian)
4242:Tunisian nationalism
4212:Lebanese nationalism
4172:Egyptian nationalism
4167:Algerian nationalism
4071:United Arab Republic
3946:Arab Liberation Army
3926:Arab Ba'ath Movement
3783:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
3111:National Union Front
2442:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
2400:Abdul Halim Khaddam
2355:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
2207:Abdul-Karim al-Jundi
2152:Fahd Jassem al-Freij
2022:Fawzi Mutlaq al-Rawi
1947:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
1800:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
1602:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
1573:Regional Secretaries
1270:Arab Ba'ath Movement
1143:Fahd Jassem al-Freij
665:Nuritdin Mukhitdinov
640:erupted between the
584:United Arab Republic
510:, and the country's
404:United Arab Republic
393:(1950–1958; 1961–63)
43:improve this article
4336:People from Latakia
4232:Sahrawi nationalism
3589:1959 Mosul uprising
3522:Great Syrian Revolt
3234:Other organizations
3176:Popular Unity Party
3026:Political alliances
2557:Wael Nader al-Halqi
2424:Heads of government
2267:Abdul Qadir Qaddura
2222:Abdul Halim Khaddam
2192:Mohammad al-Hussein
2177:Wael Nader al-Halqi
2017:Taha Yassin Ramadan
2007:Aziz Saleh Al-Numan
1997:Ali Hassan al-Majid
1982:Latif Nassif Jassim
1472:General Secretaries
1405:Corrective Movement
1327:1959 Mosul uprising
1148:Ali Abdullah Ayyoub
1073:Tawfiq Nizam al-Din
767:, pp. 259–260.
685:Corrective Movement
580:ideological beliefs
520:Corrective Movement
4237:Syrian nationalism
4217:Libyan nationalism
4177:Greater Mauritania
4093:The Arab Awakening
4076:United Arab States
4051:Rejectionist Front
3858:Gamal Abdel Nasser
3669:Yemeni unification
3659:Lebanese Civil War
3639:17 July Revolution
3609:Ramadan Revolution
3584:14 July Revolution
3126:Rejectionist Front
2522:Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
2497:Nureddin al-Atassi
2385:Nureddin al-Atassi
2217:Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
2122:Nureddin al-Atassi
2032:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
1932:Salih Mahdi Ammash
1902:Ghanim Abdul-Jalil
1855:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
1785:Nureddin al-Atassi
1719:Nureddin al-Atassi
1597:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
1549:Abdullah al-Ahmar
1539:Nureddin al-Atassi
1435:De-Ba'athification
1378:17 July Revolution
1332:Ramadan Revolution
1322:14 July Revolution
890:The New York Times
823:The New York Times
632:Downfall and death
618:Lieutenant colonel
576:Gamal Abdel Nasser
546:, and entered the
189:Nureddin al-Atassi
4361:Muslim socialists
4268:
4267:
4197:Iraqi nationalism
3888:Constantin Zureiq
3738:Abdul Rahman Arif
3718:Butrus al-Bustani
3404:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3263:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3139:Political parties
3134:
3133:
3012:Socialist Lebanon
2884:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2771:
2770:
2617:Regional branches
2591:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2576:
2575:
2547:Riyad Farid Hijab
2512:Mahmoud al-Ayyubi
2419:
2418:
2405:
2332:
2331:
2282:Hikmat al-Shihabi
2097:Abdullah al-Ahmar
2062:Hardan al-Tikriti
1992:Adnan Khayr Allah
1987:Rashid Taan Kazim
1922:Salah Omar al-Ali
1765:Abdullah al-Ahmar
1738:
1737:
1568:
1567:
1554:
1452:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1170:
1169:
1118:Hikmat al-Shihabi
979:978-1-85109-841-5
956:978-0-520-06976-3
926:978-1-885942-41-8
796:, pp. 61–62.
500:
481:
480:
339:(aged 66–67)
119:
118:
111:
93:
4373:
4258:
4257:
4131:Eagle of Saladin
3838:Amin al-Husseini
3803:Faisal I of Iraq
3773:Sultan al-Atrash
3768:Mansur al-Atrash
3743:Abdul Salam Arif
3552:War of Attrition
3438:Arab nationalism
3431:
3424:
3417:
3408:
3407:
3300:Arab nationalism
3290:Anti-imperialism
3280:
3279:
3269:
3268:
3050:March 8 Alliance
3030:
3029:
2962:
2961:Breakaway groups
2905:
2904:
2897:
2890:
2889:
2827:
2826:
2653:Regional Command
2623:
2622:
2618:
2612:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2596:
2527:Mahmoud Al-Zoubi
2474:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2401:
2372:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2277:Farouk al-Sharaa
2272:Hammouda Sabbagh
2162:Ibrahim al-Hadid
2142:Mahdi Dakhlallah
2127:Shibli al-Aysami
2089:
1937:Hussein Al-Awadi
1907:Saad Abdul-Majid
1884:
1878:
1877:
1825:Akram al-Hawrani
1795:Shibli al-Aysami
1790:Mansur al-Atrash
1752:
1751:National Command
1746:
1709:Shibli al-Aysami
1577:
1576:
1550:
1522:Salah Al-Mukhtar
1476:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1458:
1457:
1440:Syrian civil war
1347:Ar-Rashid revolt
1255:
1254:
1247:
1240:
1239:
1229:
1220:
1206:
1197:
1190:
1183:
1174:
1173:
1165:
1133:Ali Habib Mahmud
1033:
1032:
1031:
1023:
1022:
1011:
1004:
997:
988:
987:
983:
960:
944:
930:
902:
901:
899:
897:
892:. 24 August 1993
882:
876:
875:
873:
871:
848:
842:
841:
839:
837:
815:
809:
803:
797:
791:
785:
779:
768:
762:
756:
755:
753:
751:
736:
730:
724:
718:
712:
568:Akram al-Hawrani
505:
495:
493:
456:
433:
432:
431:
415:
413:
412:
402:
400:
399:
389:
379:
367:Military service
338:
315:
313:
300:Personal details
289:
278:
263:Regional Command
251:
239:
230:
207:
200:Muhammad az-Zubi
197:
174:
149:
140:
139:
137:
123:
122:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
4381:
4380:
4376:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4356:Syrian generals
4346:Syrian Alawites
4291:Black September
4271:
4270:
4269:
4264:
4246:
4182:Greater Morocco
4155:
4151:Pan-Arab colors
4146:Hawk of Quraish
4112:
4080:
3931:Arab Federation
3892:
3878:Abdullah Rimawi
3853:Mostéfa Merarda
3808:Muammar Gaddafi
3788:Ahmed Ben Bella
3763:Jamal al-Atassi
3753:Bashar al-Assad
3704:
3673:
3654:Black September
3532:Anglo-Iraqi War
3476:
3440:
3435:
3405:
3392:
3388:Pan-Arab colors
3382:Arḍ ul-Furātayn
3369:
3344:
3274:
3255:
3229:
3130:
3074:
3021:
2980:Damascus branch
2960:
2954:
2925:Free Iraqi Army
2915:Al-Abud Network
2899:
2895:
2872:
2856:
2842:Fedayeen Saddam
2837:Ba'ath Brigades
2818:
2797:
2788:Sawt al-Jamahir
2767:
2746:Central Command
2699:
2616:
2606:
2602:
2583:
2572:
2472:
2466:
2432:
2415:
2410:Bashar al-Assad
2390:Ahmad al-Khatib
2370:
2364:
2345:
2328:
2316:
2287:Hammud al-Shufi
2252:Zuhair Masharqa
2247:Ibrahim Makhous
2232:Ahmad al-Khatib
2197:Hisham Ikhtiyar
2117:Rifaat al-Assad
2107:Bashar al-Assad
2087:
2081:
2047:Talib El-Shibib
1962:Saadoun Ghaidan
1882:
1869:
1865:Khaled Yashruti
1860:Talib El-Shibib
1850:Abdullah Rimawi
1815:Wahib al-Ghanim
1775:Bashar al-Assad
1750:
1744:
1734:
1729:Bashar al-Assad
1704:Hammud al-Shufi
1692:
1670:
1649:
1634:Abdullah Rimawi
1622:
1592:Talib El-Shibib
1564:
1559:Bashar al-Assad
1527:
1495:
1463:
1444:
1366:
1305:
1284:
1249:
1245:
1234:
1227:
1218:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1171:
1166:
1157:
1103:Ahmad Suwaydani
1083:Jamal al-Faisal
1068:Shawkat Shuqayr
1053:Sami al-Hinnawi
1034:
1029:
1027:
1017:
1015:
980:
968:. Vol. 1.
957:
927:
911:
906:
905:
895:
893:
884:
883:
879:
869:
867:
865:
849:
845:
835:
833:
817:
816:
812:
804:
800:
792:
788:
780:
771:
763:
759:
749:
747:
745:The Independent
737:
733:
725:
721:
713:
706:
701:
677:Little Red Book
634:
528:
470:
429:
427:
410:
408:
407:
397:
395:
394:
384:
353:Political party
340:
336:
316:
311:
309:
290:
285:
279:
274:
265:
249:
237:
231:
226:
205:
195:
187:
175:
170:
161:
128:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4379:
4369:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4262:
4251:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4163:
4161:
4160:Related topics
4157:
4156:
4154:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4122:
4120:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4103:
4096:
4088:
4086:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4026:Islamic Legion
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3916:Al-Mourabitoun
3913:
3908:
3902:
3900:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3890:
3885:
3883:Hamdeen Sabahi
3880:
3875:
3873:Fuad al-Rikabi
3870:
3865:
3863:Adnan Pachachi
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3833:Saddam Hussein
3830:
3825:
3823:Sati' al-Husri
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3758:Hafez al-Assad
3755:
3750:
3748:Zaki al-Arsuzi
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3714:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3681:
3679:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3629:Aden Emergency
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3574:Iraqi Intifada
3571:
3566:
3565:
3564:
3559:
3557:Yom Kippur War
3554:
3549:
3544:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3518:
3517:
3507:
3502:
3501:
3500:
3490:
3484:
3482:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3452:Arab socialism
3448:
3446:
3442:
3441:
3434:
3433:
3426:
3419:
3411:
3402:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3390:
3385:
3377:
3375:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3360:
3352:
3350:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3305:Arab socialism
3302:
3297:
3292:
3286:
3284:
3276:
3275:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3208:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3082:
3080:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3036:
3034:
3027:
3023:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2972:
2966:
2964:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2935:Jeish Muhammad
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2911:
2909:
2901:
2900:
2886:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2878:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2864:
2862:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2833:
2831:
2824:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2811:
2805:
2803:
2802:Popular fronts
2799:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2707:
2705:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2629:
2627:
2620:
2608:
2607:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2570:
2567:Hussein Arnous
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2502:Hafez al-Assad
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2478:
2476:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2452:Sa'dun Hammadi
2449:
2447:Saddam Hussein
2444:
2438:
2436:
2425:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2407:
2397:
2395:Hafez al-Assad
2392:
2387:
2382:
2376:
2374:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2360:Saddam Hussein
2357:
2351:
2349:
2338:
2337:Heads of state
2334:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2302:Muhammad Umran
2299:
2297:Hasan Turkmani
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2112:Hafez al-Assad
2109:
2104:
2102:Hussein Arnous
2099:
2093:
2091:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2027:Fuad al-Rikabi
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1977:Saddam Hussein
1974:
1969:
1967:Sa'dun Hammadi
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1888:
1886:
1875:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1845:Fuad al-Rikabi
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1780:Hafez al-Assad
1777:
1772:
1770:Zaki al-Arsuzi
1767:
1762:
1756:
1754:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1726:
1724:Hafez al-Assad
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1684:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1644:Akram al-Homsi
1641:
1636:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1614:
1609:
1607:Saddam Hussein
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1587:Fuad al-Rikabi
1583:
1581:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1556:
1546:
1544:Hafez al-Assad
1541:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1519:
1514:
1512:Saddam Hussein
1509:
1503:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1482:
1480:
1473:
1465:
1464:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1430:Iraqi conflict
1427:
1425:Faith Campaign
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1385:
1383:Ba'athist Iraq
1380:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1357:1964 Hama riot
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1298:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1261:
1259:
1251:
1250:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1232:
1223:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1200:
1199:
1192:
1185:
1177:
1168:
1167:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1128:Hasan Turkmani
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1093:Ziad al-Hariri
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1048:Husni al-Za'im
1045:
1043:Abdullah Atfeh
1039:
1036:
1035:
1014:
1013:
1006:
999:
991:
985:
984:
978:
961:
955:
935:Seale, Patrick
931:
925:
919:. Cune Press.
910:
907:
904:
903:
877:
863:
843:
810:
798:
786:
784:, p. 260.
769:
757:
731:
729:, p. 535.
719:
703:
702:
700:
697:
646:Jordanian army
644:(PLO) and the
636:In 1970, when
633:
630:
611:Nazim al-Kudsi
607:Muhammad Umran
599:Hafez al-Assad
527:
524:
516:Hafez al-Assad
479:
478:
475:
474:
465:
461:
460:
450:
446:
445:
442:
438:
437:
425:
424:Branch/service
421:
420:
373:
369:
368:
364:
363:
354:
350:
349:
335:19 August 1993
333:
329:
328:
306:
302:
301:
297:
296:
293:
292:
282:
281:
271:
270:
261:Member of the
258:
257:
252:
246:
245:
243:Ziad al-Hariri
240:
234:
233:
223:
222:
216:Chief of Staff
212:
211:
208:
202:
201:
198:
192:
191:
182:
178:
177:
167:
166:
155:
154:
151:
150:
142:
141:
130:
129:
126:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4378:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4261:
4253:
4252:
4249:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4192:Greater Yemen
4190:
4188:
4187:Greater Syria
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4109:
4108:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4083:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3899:
3898:Organizations
3895:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3818:George Habash
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3798:Izzat Darwaza
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3733:Yasser Arafat
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3710:Personalities
3707:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3685:Arab identity
3683:
3682:
3680:
3676:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3599:Arab Cold War
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3432:
3427:
3425:
3420:
3418:
3413:
3412:
3409:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3383:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3361:
3359:
3358:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3347:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3325:Republicanism
3323:
3321:
3320:Progressivism
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3273:Miscellaneous
3270:
3266:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3216:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3028:
3024:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2963:
2957:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2940:Rejectionists
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2891:
2887:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2825:
2821:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2702:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2598:
2594:
2582:* = incumbent
2579:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2492:Yusuf Zuayyin
2490:
2488:
2487:Amin al-Hafiz
2485:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2469:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2435:
2429:
2426:
2422:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2380:Amin al-Hafiz
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2367:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2342:
2339:
2335:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2313:
2312:Yusuf Zuayyin
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2292:Mustafa Tlass
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2212:Sami al-Jundi
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2167:Amin al-Hafiz
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2157:Marwan Habash
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2084:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2057:Khamis Sirhan
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1972:Qusay Hussein
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1835:Zuheir Mohsen
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1820:Amin al-Hafiz
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1747:
1741:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1714:Amin al-Hafiz
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1673:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1575:
1571:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1459:
1455:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1241:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1224:
1222:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1186:
1184:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1164:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1138:Dawoud Rajiha
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1113:Yusuf Shakkur
1111:
1109:
1108:Mustafa Tlass
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1078:Afif al-Bizri
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1026:
1021:
1012:
1007:
1005:
1000:
998:
993:
992:
989:
981:
975:
971:
967:
962:
958:
952:
948:
943:
942:
936:
932:
928:
922:
918:
913:
912:
891:
887:
881:
866:
864:0-521-35976-7
860:
856:
855:
847:
832:
828:
824:
820:
814:
808:, p. 66.
807:
802:
795:
790:
783:
782:Moubayed 2006
778:
776:
774:
766:
765:Moubayed 2006
761:
746:
742:
735:
728:
723:
717:, p. 63.
716:
711:
709:
704:
696:
694:
690:
689:Mezzeh prison
686:
682:
681:Mustafa Tlass
678:
674:
670:
669:Mustafa Tlass
666:
662:
657:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
629:
627:
623:
622:Major general
619:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
591:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
523:
521:
517:
513:
509:
504:
498:
489:
485:
476:
473:
469:
466:
462:
459:
458:Major General
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
436:
426:
422:
418:
405:
392:
388:
382:
378:
374:
370:
365:
361:
358:
355:
351:
347:
343:
342:Mezzeh prison
334:
330:
327:
323:
322:Alawite State
319:
307:
303:
298:
294:
288:
283:
277:
272:
269:
264:
259:
256:
255:Ahmed Suidani
253:
247:
244:
241:
235:
229:
224:
221:
217:
213:
210:Jaber Bajbouj
209:
203:
199:
193:
190:
186:
185:Amin al-Hafiz
183:
179:
173:
168:
165:
160:
156:
152:
148:
143:
131:
124:
121:
113:
110:
102:
99:February 2011
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
58:"Salah Jadid"
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
4227:Pan-Islamism
4105:
4098:
4091:
3991:Ba'ath Party
3868:Ameen Rihani
3842:
3728:Jassem Alwan
3723:Michel Aflaq
3579:Algerian War
3505:Iraqi Revolt
3380:
3362:
3355:
3295:Anti-Zionism
2908:Armed groups
2852:Popular Army
2830:Paramilitary
2603:Organization
2402:
2201:
2137:Muhsen Bilal
1840:Munif Razzaz
1829:
1760:Michel Aflaq
1682:Isam al-Qadi
1639:Munif Razzaz
1551:
1507:Michel Aflaq
1491:Munif Razzaz
1486:Michel Aflaq
1296:Michel Aflaq
1258:Predecessors
1225:
1216:
1097:
1058:Anwar Bannud
965:
940:
916:
909:Bibliography
894:. Retrieved
889:
880:
868:. Retrieved
853:
846:
834:. Retrieved
822:
813:
801:
789:
760:
748:. Retrieved
744:
734:
722:
673:Chairman Mao
658:
635:
615:
592:
560:Michel Aflaq
532:Dweir Baabda
529:
511:
483:
482:
464:Battles/wars
337:(1993-08-19)
326:French Syria
318:Dweir Baabda
286:
275:
250:Succeeded by
227:
206:Succeeded by
171:
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
4286:1993 deaths
4281:1926 births
3921:Arab Ba'ath
3843:Salah Jadid
3700:Arabization
3547:Six-Day War
3542:Suez Crisis
3488:Arab Revolt
3467:Pan-Arabism
3340:Vanguardism
3315:Pan-Arabism
2945:Snake Party
2731:South Yemen
2562:Imad Khamis
2307:Salim Yasin
2227:Imad Khamis
2202:Salah Jadid
2187:Hilal Hilal
2182:Salim Hatum
2147:Ahmad Diyab
2072:Tahir Yahya
1830:Salah Jadid
1810:Elias Farah
1687:Rakad Salem
1661:Assem Qanso
1265:Arab Ba'ath
1153:Salim Harba
1098:Salah Jadid
836:23 February
650:Palestinian
590:and Syria.
548:Syrian Army
503:Ṣalāḥ Jadīd
484:Salah Jadid
472:Six-Day War
435:Syrian Army
419:(1963–1970)
406:(1958–1961)
383:(1946–1950)
362:(1947–1966)
238:Preceded by
220:Syrian Army
196:Preceded by
127:Salah Jadid
4275:Categories
4085:Literature
3778:Tariq Aziz
3695:Arab world
3690:Arab Union
3619:Dhofar War
3349:Literature
3335:Secularism
3223:in Lebanon
2776:Newspapers
2721:Mauritania
2675:Mauritania
2542:Adel Safar
1942:Tariq Aziz
1552:(de facto)
1462:Leadership
1371:Post-split
1063:Fawzi Selu
806:Seale 1990
794:Seale 1990
715:Seale 1990
699:References
628:of Syria.
624:and named
372:Allegiance
69:newspapers
4118:Symbolism
3462:Nasserism
3457:Ba'athism
3374:Symbolism
3330:Saddamism
3310:Ba'athism
2793:Al-Thawra
2783:Al-Ba'ath
2726:Palestine
2680:Palestine
2403:(interim)
1675:Palestine
1479:Pre-split
1400:Arab Belt
1310:Pre-split
1123:Ali Aslan
831:0362-4331
558:, led by
497:romanized
492:صلاح جديد
444:1946–1970
287:In office
276:In office
228:In office
172:In office
136:صلاح جديد
4260:Category
4202:Islamism
3911:Al-Fatat
3678:Concepts
3445:Ideology
3283:Ideology
3086:Ahd Bloc
1289:Founders
970:ABC-CLIO
937:(1990).
693:Damascus
638:conflict
538:, to an
512:de facto
346:Damascus
3906:Al-Awda
3481:History
3211:Unified
3206:Bakdash
3033:Current
2997:Al-Awda
2751:History
2716:Lebanon
2690:Tunisia
2665:Lebanon
2638:Bahrain
2633:Algeria
1748:of the
1745:Members
1654:Lebanon
1393:Members
1246:History
896:7 April
870:28 June
750:7 April
540:Alawite
499::
348:, Syria
310: (
266:of the
218:of the
162:of the
138:
83:scholar
3079:Former
2711:Jordan
2660:Jordan
1627:Jordan
976:
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861:
829:
536:Jableh
488:Arabic
414:
401:
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4006:Fatah
3181:Sawab
2861:Youth
2823:Wings
2763:Yemen
2741:Syria
2736:Sudan
2695:Yemen
2685:Sudan
2670:Libya
2643:Egypt
2473:Syria
2371:Syria
2321:Yemen
2088:Syria
1697:Syria
595:Cairo
588:Egypt
417:Syria
90:JSTOR
76:books
2648:Iraq
2433:Iraq
2346:Iraq
1883:Iraq
1580:Iraq
974:ISBN
951:ISBN
921:ISBN
898:2013
872:2010
859:ISBN
838:2021
827:ISSN
752:2013
605:and
562:and
449:Rank
332:Died
312:1926
308:1926
305:Born
62:news
691:in
675:'s
620:to
578:'s
518:'s
45:by
4277::
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601:,
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494:,
490::
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