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398:. It featured three 82.5-foot blades mounted on a rotor standing 110 feet above the ground. The SWT-3 never achieved its rated power production due to losses in its hydraulic drive, limiting electric output to 1.1 MW. The second turbine tested at the Edison site was a 500-kilowatt vertical axis wind turbine generator produced by Alcoa. The Alcoa unit self-destructed just two weeks after installation in 1981 on the eve of the first American Wind Energy Conference in Palm Springs.
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All of these 2020-era repowering efforts installed Vestas V112 or V117 wind turbines, producing between 3.0 and 4.3 MW, the largest blade reaching 492 feet above the ground. Note the permitted projects often allow for more new turbines than actually installed. The as-installed number of turbines are
273:
As of May 2024, the wind farm consists of 666 wind turbines with a total rated capacity of 628 MW, built as part of 26 projects. The rated power output is somewhat understated, since the official database counts the latest repowered turbines but does not include their power output. In
December 2021
460:
Prior to the 2020-era repowering, a significant repower began in 2008 and completed in 2011. It replaced 460 existing wind turbines with 33 new turbines, replacing 74 non-operational
Kenetech turbines and approximately 384 Vestas V15 65kW turbines. The new machines are 1.5 MW GE SLE wind turbines,
456:
A 2008 proposal details an upgrade to the facilities to begin construction by
September 2011. The proposed project would replace the 460 existing wind turbines with 30 new turbines in two phases. Phase 1 would remove approximately 74 non-operational turbines and install up to fifteen new 1.5 MW GE
410:
The first commercial wind farm was established by San
Gorgonio Farms on a land parcel adjacent to the Devers substation, consisting of eight 25-kiloWatt downwind turbines. By 1987, fourteen independent operators had installed over 4200 wind turbines in the area. Since then, many wind projects have
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Southern
California Edison opened its Wind Energy Center eight miles northwest of Palm Springs in 1980 near its Devers substation, installing two wind turbine generators for testing. One of these was the SWT-3 horizontal axis wind turbine generator designed by Charles Schachle and produced by the
664:
Hoen, B.D., Diffendorfer, J.E., Rand, J.T., Kramer, L.A., Garrity, C.P., and Hunt, H.E., 2018, United States Wind
Turbine Database v5.0 (April 27, 2022): U.S. Geological Survey, American Clean Power Association, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory data release,
354:
Dew R. Oliver, president of the Oliver
Electric Power Corporation, was the earliest to promote the idea of generating electricity from wind in the San Gorgonio Pass area. In 1926 Oliver, in collaboration with electrician W. Sperry Knighton, built a wind turbine near
650:
Hoen, B.D., Diffendorfer, J.E., Rand, J.T., Kramer, L.A., Garrity, C.P., and Hunt, H.E., 2018, United States Wind
Turbine Database v7.0 (May 10, 2024): U.S. Geological Survey, American Clean Power Association, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory data release,
363:. Oliver and Sperry fitted the generator with aluminum propellers, and placed a large funnel on the front to concentrate the wind's power. They set the entire device on a circular rail that allowed it to be pivoted to face prevailing winds.
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SLE wind turbines. Phase 2 would remove approximately 384 Vestas V15 65kW turbines and install an additional fifteen 1.5 MW GE SLE wind turbines. The proposed project would therefore comprise a total of 30 wind turbines, each 330 feet tall.
390:. Oliver was jailed for a short time, then placed on two years probation, but his plans proceeded no further. The device he had built near Whitewater became a landmark and curiosity until it was taken down and sold for scrap in 1942.
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and
Riverside County. The document assessed three scenarios for wind energy development in the area and included criteria for the development of wind energy on both a countywide basis and specifically for the San Gorgonio Pass area.
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308:. A single 500 kV line was upgraded to two lines in 2013, known as Devers-Palo Verdes 2 (DPV2). Existing 220 kV transmission lines heading west were replaced with double-circuit 220 kV transmission lines in 2021.
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In 1982 wind energy development in the San
Gorgonio Pass area was formally studied, and the results published in the San Gorgonio Wind Resource Study EIR (1982), a joint environmental document prepared for the
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963:
Rashkin, Samuel D.; Nguyen, Tran Hong Phuc (August 1988). Results from the Wind Project Performance Reporting System: 1987 Annual Report (Report). California Energy Commission. P500-88-005.
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Wind Turbines close to Palm Springs, from Indian Canyon Road. Some of the windmills here in the distance stand in lines on the levees between the absorption ponds where water from the
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substation in Los Angeles. After the two worked out other mechanical issues, Oliver set out to raise funds to expand the enterprise, with the vision of powering all of nearby
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Hoffman, Dick (March 18, 1956). "Beaumont Woman Finds Scarce Photos of Machine That was to Harness Wind". Riverside, California. Riverside Daily Press. p. 13.
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Hinman, Jr, Ralph (January 13, 1974). "Saga of 'The Wind Machine Man'". Vol. 22, no. 25. Long Beach, California. Independent Press Telegram. p. B1.
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2023-2024: Mesa Repower and Alta Mesa Repower combined to replace 620 aging wind turbine in the hills west of the Whitewater River with thirteen new ones.
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Perry, Lonni; Edwards, Dale; Gray, Kathleen (April 18, 1985). Wind Energy Development in California: Status Report (Report). California Energy Commission.
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operates several high-voltage electrical transmission lines through the pass, leading to and from its Devers substation located north of Palm Springs.
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located adjacent to the Devers electrical substation. Phase I of the facility came online in 2023, while Phase II is anticipated in the coming years.
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changed owners and others were repowereed, replacing many older wind turbines at the end of their useful lifetime with fewer but larger new ones.
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cross the pass on the northern edge of San Jacinto Peak. These lines effectively link the Los Angeles metropolitan area with the
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2022: Mountain View Repower removed 93 outdated machines and installed 16 new ones having 3.6 MW to 4.3 MW output capacity.
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Today the turbines range from 80 feet (24 m) to 300 feet (91 m) in height. The recent repower projects included:
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2021: Coachella Hills (formerly Coachella Flats) installed 17 modern large wind turbines, replacing 363 old small ones.
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A photo of the Oliver turbine can be found on page 13 of the March 18, 1956 edition of the Riverside Daily Press.
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east of the pass. This makes the pass area one of the most consistently windy places in the United States.
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The powerful wind quickly burned out the 25,000 watt unit, but a larger unit was obtained from the
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the site hosted more than 1,220 turbines; some have since been replaced with larger turbines.
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2020: Desert Hot Springs Repower replaced 69 antiquated turbines with four large new machines.
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359:. The original device used a generator Oliver had salvaged from an old roller coaster at
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Development of the wind farm began in the 1980s. It is one of three major wind farms in
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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT DOI-BLM-CA-060-0007-0057-EA
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The Dew Oliver wind machine was featured in the Riverside Daily News on 11 June 1927.
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816:"Description of the 3 MW SWT-3 wind turbine at San Gorgonio Pass, California"
743:"West of Devers | Projects in Progress | Reliability | About Us | Home - SCE"
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2020: Painted Hills Repower replaced 291 old machines with nine new turbines.
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The San Gorgonio Pass is now home to the Desert Peak Energy Facility, a
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792:"California's first Wind Energy Center was dedicated Tuesday eight..."
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The majority of the San Gorgonio Pass wind farm viewed from atop the
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Final Environmental Assessment/Initial Study Alta Mesa Wind Project
846:"Utility experience with two demonstration wind turbine generators"
719:"DPV2 | Projects in Progress | Reliability | About Us | Home - SCE"
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to the south. The farm continues over the hills to the north along
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Ontario, Fish and Wildlife, Region 6-Inland Deserts (2021-05-21).
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to the South, the San Gorgonio Pass is a transitional zone from a
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NASA. Lewis Research Center Large Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines
382:. Oliver incorporated the Oliver Electric Power Corporation in
500:; the 30 minute program is available on VHS. A second Howser/
976:"Painted Hills Wind Energy Repowering Project (7A333201001)"
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traverses the image horizontally, and a small portion of
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Buildings and structures in Riverside County, California
578:– a novel by Justin Cronin which features the wind farm
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1001:"Desert Hot Springs Wind Energy Repowering Project"
1205:California's Gold / #909: Big Things in the Desert
1151:(Report). Aspen Environmental Group. February 2021
451:Panoramic view of the San Gorgonio Pass wind farm
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681:"Desert Peak Energy Center Case No. 5.1543-CUP"
504:program on the wind farms was produced in 2010.
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1234:. Edited by Michael Garber. DVD. 30 minutes.
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207:that stretches from the eastern slope of the
1126:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1062:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1040:"Coachella Flats Wind Project (7A333208001)"
1023:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
703:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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999:of, Desert Hot Springs, City (2020-01-15).
921:"San Gorgonio Pass Wind Energy Policy Area"
344:is also visible at the bottom of the photo.
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1130:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
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627:. Westcliffe Publishers. pp. 15–16.
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494:/Los Angeles, featured the windfarms in
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181:Related media on Commons
1909:Energy in Riverside County, California
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16:Wind farm in California, United States
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1038:of, Palm Springs, City (2019-11-26).
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679:of, Palm Springs, City (2022-05-05).
624:Palm Springs: California's Desert Gem
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1079:"Mountain View Wind Repower Project"
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820:Large Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines
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490:Productions, in association with
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1300:United States Wind Energy Policy
1290:American Wind Energy Association
1077:County, Riverside (2021-04-16).
974:County, Riverside (2019-11-26).
667:https://doi.org/10.5066/F7TX3DN0
653:https://doi.org/10.5066/F7TX3DN0
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1279:Wind power in the United States
1232:California's Green / Wind Power
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1708:Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind
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404:U.S. Bureau of Land Management
306:Palo Verde Nuclear Power Plant
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1310:Offshore wind farms in the US
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279:Battery storage power station
844:Wehrey, M. C. (1982-01-01).
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219:, on the western end of the
52:Riverside County, California
7:
1104:"Mesa Wind Repower Project"
871:Sheets, Jeff (2020-12-20).
814:Rybak, S. C. (1982-01-01).
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326:Palm Springs Aerial Tramway
201:San Gorgonio Pass wind farm
22:San Gorgonio Pass wind farm
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1169:: CS1 maint: url-status (
569:List of onshore wind farms
290:Southern California Edison
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873:"Evolution - Wind Energy"
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1919:Wind farms in California
1812:NextEra Energy Resources
559:Wind power in California
477:is used to recharge the
1817:Ørsted US Offshore Wind
475:Colorado River Aqueduct
251:west of the pass, to a
160:Nameplate capacity
103:Construction began
1703:Block Island Wind Farm
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361:Seal Beach, California
350:History and governance
262:, along with those at
151:Units operational
1863:Wind power portal
1315:Wind Powering America
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330:San Jacinto Mountains
249:Mediterranean climate
138:Power generation
1760:Wind power companies
1752:(Under construction)
1746:(Under construction)
1305:Wind farms in the US
461:each 330 feet tall.
1690:Offshore wind farms
1324:Wind power by state
897:"WIND-WORKS: Alcoa"
858:1982lhaw.rept..727W
828:1982lhaw.rept..575R
465:Further information
172:External links
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1842:Wind Capital Group
1295:NASA wind turbines
1192:2012-09-16 at the
1108:ceqanet.opr.ca.gov
1083:ceqanet.opr.ca.gov
1044:ceqanet.opr.ca.gov
1005:ceqanet.opr.ca.gov
980:ceqanet.opr.ca.gov
901:www.wind-works.org
877:Free Energy Planet
685:ceqanet.opr.ca.gov
621:Ren Navez (2006).
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396:Bendix Corporation
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239:to the North, and
233:Mount San Gorgonio
217:North Palm Springs
79:33.900°N 116.583°W
1924:San Gorgonio Pass
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1661:San Gorgonio Pass
634:978-1-56579-552-5
537:California portal
502:California's Gold
497:California's Gold
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237:Transverse Ranges
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1616:Horse Hollow
1606:Fowler Ridge
1501:South Dakota
1496:Rhode Island
1491:Pennsylvania
1471:North Dakota
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1153:. Retrieved
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953:P500-85-003.
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380:Palm Springs
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1807:Native Wind
1714:Empire Wind
1631:Meadow Lake
1626:Los Vientos
1596:Cedar Creek
1586:Buffalo Gap
1356:Connecticut
1165:cite report
822:: 575–588.
747:www.sce.com
723:www.sce.com
575:The Passage
302:power lines
98:Operational
82: /
58:Coordinates
1903:Categories
1744:South Fork
1740:(proposed)
1734:(proposed)
1732:Ocean Wind
1728:(proposed)
1722:(proposed)
1716:(proposed)
1676:Sweetwater
1656:Rush Creek
1601:Flat Ridge
1531:Washington
1456:New Mexico
1451:New Jersey
1346:California
1113:2024-08-09
1088:2024-08-09
1049:2024-08-09
1010:2024-08-09
985:2024-08-09
937:2009-11-28
906:2022-06-05
882:2022-06-05
800:2022-06-05
752:2024-08-09
728:2024-08-09
690:2024-08-09
583:References
357:Whitewater
260:California
229:California
1797:Invenergy
1541:Wisconsin
1506:Tennessee
1421:Minnesota
1240:747281801
1221:719655627
1155:August 9,
608:Citations
588:Footnotes
296:500 kilo-
285:Utilities
268:Tehachapi
205:wind farm
1875:Category
1772:Avangrid
1738:Skipjack
1666:Sherbino
1646:Peñascal
1611:Highland
1526:Virginia
1481:Oklahoma
1461:New York
1436:Nebraska
1426:Missouri
1416:Michigan
1406:Maryland
1396:Kentucky
1376:Illinois
1361:Delaware
1351:Colorado
1341:Arkansas
1217:78285388
1213:45819663
1190:Archived
1122:cite web
1058:cite web
1019:cite web
928:Archived
699:cite web
509:See also
486:In 1998
481:aquifer.
435:listed.
270:passes.
266:and the
264:Altamont
243:and the
235:and the
70:116°35′W
48:Location
1887:Commons
1832:US Wind
1787:GE Wind
1720:Marwind
1710:(pilot)
1699:(pilot)
1546:Wyoming
1521:Vermont
1431:Montana
1381:Indiana
1336:Arizona
854:Bibcode
852:: 727.
824:Bibcode
328:in the
294:Path 46
213:Cabazon
211:, near
177:Commons
121:Onshore
67:33°54′N
40:Country
1837:Vestas
1651:Roscoe
1486:Oregon
1441:Nevada
1391:Kansas
1366:Hawaii
1331:Alaska
1238:
1211:
631:
95:Status
1621:Limon
1511:Texas
1401:Maine
1371:Idaho
1149:(PDF)
931:(PDF)
924:(PDF)
300:(kV)
223:, in
215:, to
203:is a
188:[
106:1980s
1571:Alta
1516:Utah
1476:Ohio
1386:Iowa
1236:OCLC
1209:OCLC
1171:link
1157:2024
1132:link
1128:link
1064:link
1025:link
705:link
629:ISBN
492:KCET
298:volt
199:The
164:647
117:Type
1782:CIP
795:UPI
154:802
131:max
1905::
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701:}}
697:{{
683:.
643:^
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227:,
166:MW
1271:e
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856::
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826::
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707:)
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655:.
637:.
192:]
133:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
