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chariots, they are kept on different places on the basis of rotation within four gates of Sankhu and sacrifice is made on the next day. The fifth day of jatra is known as main jatra (Nepal Bhasa:मु: जात्रा) when goddesses are taken around Sankhu within four gates. The day to bring the goddess into Sankhu is called 'to be brought down' (Nepal Bhasa:क्वाहाँ बिज्या) and the day to take goddess is called 'to be taken up' (Nepal Bhasa:थाहाँ बिज्या). On
56:
153:
621:
790:
781:
772:
444:
91:
229:
380:
King Svarna Malla (1504–19) divided Sankhu into two parts and gave one half to his brother. During 1520–30, King Surya Malla captured Sankhu and stayed there for a few years as a ruler. During 1540s
Jayavir Malla Deva ruled Sankhu. In 1560s, it was ruled by Trailokya Malla Deva and Queen Gangadevi.
695:
The festival starts with announcement by performing a secret fire sacrifice to the black goddesses. Then the royal sword is brought form the kind of
Kathmandu on the fourth days and wood is burned to produce sacred ashes in the temple. The statues of the goddess are brought to the town in special
376:
During medieval period, Sankhu was a princely state of
Bhaktapur. Sakhu is mentioned in Gopalaraja Vamsavali as the place where in 1242AD war was fought and Echimis were defeated. There is mention about Sankhu in 1334AD as the place where a person named Snkhu Mulmi stole ornaments of Brahmins.
565:
On the hill behind there is a courtyard in the centre of which is a basin containing the “Water of the Kalpa” which never dries up. In the building immediately to the left of the stairs, there is also an eternal fire or “Fire of the Kalpa”. Further up, on top of the hill, is the Mani-linga.
546:, which are said to give very powerful blessings, particularly the image in the upper temple. The image in the lower temple is red in colour with one face and four arms, two of which hold a skull-cup (kapala) and knife at her heart, and the remaining two hold a sword and an
467:
The town used to have eight gates, at each entrances of the town. These gates became dilapidated and disappeared, but few were reconstructed namely the Bhau Dhwaha, Mhyamachaa
Dhwakha, Dhunlla Dhwakha, Mahadyo Dhwakha and Naari Dhwakha. These gates used to have a
550:(blue) lotus. In the upper temple is an identical image of Ugra-tara in bell metal, in which her left leg is outstretched. In the upper temple is the loom of the Nepali Princess Bhrikuti, spouse of the Tibetan king
1078:
Pulchowk Campus, Institute of
Engineering, Department of Architecture: VAASTU magazine, 2010 (Annual Architectural journal) has published ‘The Planning of the Ancient City - Sankhu’ - Written by Monica Bassi,
661:(fasting) is a tribute to the goddess through fasting, meditation and ritual bathing by women and men. It begins on the full moon of the Nepali month of Poush and ends on the full moon of the Nepali month of
413:
In
Panchyat period, Sankhu had three village Panchayat as the local units. In 1990, the local units were renamed as village development committees. In 2011, the Nepal government changed it into Nagarpalika.
712:
destroyed or damaged 750 (out of 960) houses. Many buildings that had survived a 1934 quake did not survive in 2015. Most of the building were traditional brick masonry building with Newari
Architecture
392:, the king of Bhaktapur. But the plan failed. It is believed that the people of Saknku were loyal to Mallas. A note from Colonel Kirkapatrick from 1793 mentions about the town of Sakhu as a place of
665:. Men & women spend 30 days at the temple fasting, worshipping and meditating the god Madhav Narayan. It is believed anyone who perform this puja or fasting will have their wish granted.
514: : During the Shalinadi festival, the Holy god Madhav Narayan along with the devotees are taken in and out of the town through this gate. ‘Naari’ is the local name for Shalinadi river.
554:. In both the upper and lower temples, Bajrayogini is flanked Baghini and Singhini, the Tiger and Lion-headed Yoginis. In the same upper room in the upper temple is a solid bronze standing
1083:
388:
in 1768. Prithvi
Narayan Shah's initial plan was to capture Sanku before attacking Kathmandu because it was a trade route to Tibet. In 1746, he attacked Sankhu with the help from
330:
where a
Brahmin boy is subsequently made the king by marrying the princess Chandravati. The story mentions about Salinadi. Based on this story, a festival is celebrated annually.
479:
The gates defined the boundary of the town in ancient times but current administrative maps extends the area of Sankhu beyond the gates. The existing five gates are:
798:
1104:
305:
313:
for
Kathmandu Valley. Bajrayogini then instructed the priest Jogdev and the first King Sankhadev to build the town of Sankhu in the shape of a conch shell.
744:
410:
was appointed who acted as the town chief and looked after local administration. The system was abolished in 1951 with transition to democratic system.
288:
it had a population of 4333 living in 928 individual households. Sankhu lies between river Salinakhu (also Salinadi) in east and Asakhu in the west.
1084:
https://web.archive.org/web/20160304081319/http://www.readbusinessarchitecture.com/blog/2012/09/traditional-gates-making-a-mark-of-auspicious-entry
1225:
700:
the festival is celebrated with a feast. Next day, secret rice offering is made to ghosts. Thenafter the statues are brought back to the temple.
500:- This gate is important for Bajrayogini festival. All kinds of ritual processions including the chariot of Bajrayogini enter through this gate.
840:
836:
524:
Mt. Manichuda (2403m), a holy mountain, lies in the North of the Sankhu. A lake also named Manichuda lies near the mountain. The temple of
384:
King Jayaprakahs Malla ruled sankhu from 1736 to 1768. At the end of his rule, Mallas were overthrown from Kathmnadu by Gorkha Kingdom by
115:
543:
469:
1099:
813:
592:
1126:
486:- This is the main entry gate of Sankhu. In local tradition, this gate is used whenever new bride is introduced to the town.
1105:
https://web.archive.org/web/20160304141856/http://ymrc-nepal.org/sankhu/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=16
899:
847:, leaving Tibet after his teachings were slandered, stopped in Nepal and offered a golden icon to the monastery of Sankhu.
1186:
1086:(The article on Sankhu is not available online. The magazine is available at Architect's Book Shop, Patan dhoka, Lalitpur)
309:, the Sankhu valley was a lake. Godessess Bajrayogini cleaved the mountain to drain the water, similar to the one done by
1153:
1037:
1012:
984:
959:
934:
373:
went to a bihar in Sankhu after killing his father. This indicates that Sankhu existed during the time of Sankardeva.
319:
also mentions about Saketu, however there is weak evidence that Sankhu is same as the one mentioned in this document.
1094:
688:
of Mhasukhwamaju and other Vaghini (Bagini), Singhini and a stupa shaped Buddha starts on the day of full moon (
580:
476:(Water Spout; Nepali: dhunge=stone, dhara=tap or spout) and ponds next to them but only a few still exist now.
756:
342:. The inscription was written by the king Vamanadeva. The city was built on a trade route form Kathmandu to
83:
719:
531:
Locally, in newari language, the goddess are known as 'Mhasukhwamaju' (Nepal Bhasa:म्हासुख्वा माजु) means
805:
709:
633:
891:
295:
has two parts- Samdesh (Meaning Tibet) and Kvay (Meaning Below), in total it means a town below Tibet.
1053:
1230:
604:
528:(Bajrayogini, Khadgayogini), one of main identity of Sankhu, lies on the on middle of this hill.
361:
in Nepal, Sankhu is believed to be a separate kingdom because of the presence of the historical
1100:
http://www.ppguk.org/Guthi-Magazine-2004/heritage-conservation-in-nepal-the-case-of-sankhu.html
641:
562:. Below this shrine room is a small room containing self-arisen (Swayambhu) stupa in stone.
542:
The temple enshrines the main sacred representations of this site, Ugra-tara manifesting as
668:
Outside the temple, the riverbank of the Sali Nadi is thought to be the site where Goddess
385:
8:
1146:
The Sacred Town of Sankhu:The Anthropology of Newar Ritual, Religion and Society in Nepal
518:
377:
During this period it is believed that Sankhu was one of the strong fortress of Nepal.
339:
182:
177:
45:
1082:
Business Architecture (Monthly Architectural magazine) : VOL.1, NO.6 - 09/2011 -
1149:
1122:
1033:
1008:
980:
955:
930:
285:
852:
284:
merging three above-mentioned VDCs and other neighbouring VDCs. At the time of the
259:
1121:(1 ed.). Kirtipur: Centre for Nepal and Asian Studies, Tribhuvan University.
1089:
1164:
1132:
266:. Sankhu was formerly divided into three Village Development Committee, namely,
1235:
728:
551:
369:), but this is still debated. It is mentioned that king Sankaradeva's grandson
239:
165:
38:
1095:
https://web.archive.org/web/20150327131513/http://updatesnepal.com/sankhu.html
493:- It is the gate from which to bid farewell to a daughter who is married off.
394:
great magnitude in the past but does not at present above a thousands families
1219:
1201:
1188:
848:
832:
685:
662:
451:
389:
358:
338:
The oldest inscription found in Sankhu is dated 538 AD which is dated to the
130:
117:
1136:
649:
A month-long worship to the God Madhav Narayan is done in Sankhu which is a
473:
280:
170:
403:
to reward its functionaries by the Queen with an annual word of NPR 4000.
870:
525:
427:
343:
275:
267:
247:
844:
559:
435:
219:
507:: Dead bodies from Sankhu are taken out to funeral through this gate.
459:
654:
645:
Priest worshipping Madhav Narayan with devotees during Salinadi Barta
323:
310:
263:
215:
210:
864:
370:
347:
62:
689:
669:
620:
55:
762:
672:
bathed during her month of meditations dedicated to Swasthani.
555:
362:
271:
789:
780:
771:
819:
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443:
351:
255:
158:
903:
228:
1058:
535:
and 'Hyaunkhwaamaju' (Nepal Bhasa:ह्याउंख्वा माजु) means
1148:. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
835:
of Kathmandu made a pilgrimage to Sankhu where he met
750:
Temples and Shivalingas in Salkha Mahadevsthan, Sankhu
491:
Sangal Dhwakha or Mhyamachaa Dhwakha (Daughter Gate)
684:(late March or early April). A nine days tradition
574:The Swasthani temple lies in the bank of Salinadi.
278:. Recently the town of Sankhu has been declared as
262:which is about 17 km from the city center of
1117:Sharma, Dilli Raj; Shrestha, Tek Bahadur (2016).
1032:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 61–62.
1217:
1090:http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Sankhu
637:Devotees in Salinadi Barta (month long fasting)
1116:
1007:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 57.
979:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 55.
954:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 43.
929:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 42.
1165:"Vajrayogini and early settlement of sankhu"
258:town located in the north-eastern corner of
232:Sankhu an ancient town near Kathmandu, Nepal
615:
417:
1054:"Nepal, a year after the quake: 'Help us'"
675:
322:Sankhu is also mentioned in the story of
1143:
1119:Sankhu: Historical and Cultural Heritage
1027:
1002:
974:
949:
924:
640:
632:
619:
458:
450:
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434:
426:
227:
822:Temple made of stone in Dhunlla, Sankhu
703:
628:
1226:Populated places in Kathmandu District
1218:
680:The festival of Vajrayogini occurs in
399:The Gorkhali kings turned Sankhu into
517:
463:Dya Dhwakha in 2022(rebuilt recently)
998:
996:
569:
13:
1162:
1110:
422:
14:
1247:
993:
812:
797:
788:
779:
770:
755:
743:
727:
718:
603:
591:
579:
151:
89:
82:
54:
37:
692:) and continues for nine days.
653:festival based on the story of
439:Bhau Dhwakha at evening in 2022
1046:
1021:
968:
943:
918:
884:
498:Dhunlla Dhwakha or Dya Dhwakha
254:/सक्व)) is the ancient
90:
1:
877:
505:Mahadyo Dhwakha or Si Dhwakha
291:It is believed that the name
1144:Shrestha, Bal Gopal (2012).
1028:Shrestha, Bal Gopal (2012).
1003:Shrestha, Bal Gopal (2012).
975:Shrestha, Bal Gopal (2012).
950:Shrestha, Bal Gopal (2012).
925:Shrestha, Bal Gopal (2012).
900:Central Bureau of Statistics
892:"VDC-Municipality in detail"
298:
21:Place in Bagmati Zone, Nepal
7:
858:
806:April 2015 Nepal earthquake
303:According to the legend of
242:: साँखु, alternative name:
10:
1252:
1169:UNESCO World Heritage List
736:
455:Mhyamachaa Dhwakha in 2022
333:
1030:The sacred town of Sankhu
1005:The sacred town of Sankhu
977:The sacred town of Sankhu
952:The sacred town of Sankhu
927:The sacred town of Sankhu
804:Bajrayogini temple after
484:Bhau Dhwakha (Bride Gate)
281:Shankharapur Municipality
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201:
193:
188:
176:
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111:
77:
26:
827:
616:Festivals and pilgrimage
418:Temples and Architecture
202: • Ethnicities
61:Sankhu valley seen from
676:Festival of Vajrayogini
598:Bajrayogini Temple View
326:, where it is named as
855:in Sankhu and around.
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638:
625:
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456:
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432:
233:
1202:27.71667°N 85.45000°E
644:
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623:
533:yellow faced Mistress
462:
454:
446:
438:
430:
231:
131:27.71667°N 85.45000°E
18:Ancient town in Nepal
704:Damage by earthquake
682:Chaitra Sukla Astami
629:Swasthani Barta Mela
386:Prithvi Narayan Shah
306:Manisaila Mahavadana
72:Sakwo(सक्व/𑐳𑐎𑐸𑐰)
1198: /
537:red faced Misstress
127: /
1207:27.71667; 85.45000
867:, a nearby village
710:earthquake of 2015
647:
639:
626:
586:Bajrayogini Temple
519:Bajrayogini Temple
465:
457:
449:
447:Si Dhwakha in 2022
441:
433:
406:In Rana period, a
234:
194: • Total
183:Kathmandu District
156:
136:27.71667; 85.45000
1128:978-9937-0-0505-0
851:left a number of
765:in Salkha, Sankhu
286:2011 Nepal census
226:
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103:Location in Nepal
44:Sankhu seen from
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1231:Bagmati Province
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916:
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902:. Archived from
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839:and took her to
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610:Swasthani Temple
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260:Kathmandu Valley
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1111:Further reading
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1039:978-1443837705
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906:on 11 May 2014
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359:Malla Dynasty
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112:Coordinates:
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1173:. Retrieved
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1063:. Retrieved
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976:
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945:
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908:. Retrieved
904:the original
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171:Bagmati Zone
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1205: /
1175:25 December
873:, the deity
871:Vajrayogini
526:Vajrayogini
276:Bajrayogini
268:Pukhulachhi
248:Nepal Bhasa
240:Nepal Bhasa
134: /
46:Bajrayogini
1220:Categories
896:cbs.gov.np
878:References
845:Vairotsana
837:Shakyadevi
560:Lokeshvara
354:in Tibet.
220:Nepal Time
189:Population
1193:85°27′0″E
1190:27°43′0″N
1137:26744747M
841:Yangleshö
655:Swasthani
324:Swasthani
311:Manjushri
299:Mythology
264:Kathmandu
211:Time zone
122:85°27′0″E
119:27°43′0″N
1171:. UNESCO
1163:UNESCO.
865:Palubari
859:See also
698:Mu Bijya
371:Manadeva
365:square (
348:Shigatse
252:𑐳𑐎𑑂𑐰
237:Sankhu (
216:UTC+5:45
178:District
63:Nagarkot
1079:Sankhu.
1065:11 July
910:11 June
820:Mahadev
737:Gallery
690:purnima
670:Parvati
544:Ekazati
408:Darbare
357:Before
334:History
147:Country
31:साँखु
1152:
1135:
1125:
1036:
1011:
983:
958:
933:
853:termas
763:Ganesh
657:. The
556:Buddha
548:utpala
367:Layaku
363:Durbar
272:Suntol
205:Newars
97:Sankhu
28:Sankhu
1236:Newar
828:Notes
686:jatra
659:vrata
651:Hindu
470:paati
401:Jagir
352:Lhasa
293:Sakwa
256:Newar
244:Sakwa
197:3,788
159:Nepal
1177:2018
1150:ISBN
1123:ISBN
1067:2020
1034:ISBN
1009:ISBN
981:ISBN
956:ISBN
931:ISBN
912:2023
708:The
663:Magh
350:and
344:Kuti
274:and
166:Zone
1059:CNN
510:5.
503:4.
496:3.
489:2.
482:1.
1222::
1167:.
1133:OL
1131:.
1056:.
995:^
898:.
894:.
843:.
539:.
396:.
346:,
270:,
250::
1179:.
1158:.
1139:.
1069:.
1042:.
1017:.
989:.
964:.
939:.
914:.
246:(
222:)
218:(
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